Gran Tierra Energy
Annual Report 2018

Plain-text annual report

ANNUAL REPORT GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 1 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION LIMITED AND CONTROLLED ENTITIES ABN 53 123 631 470 ANNUAL REPORT 30 JUNE 2018 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 3 Review of Exploration ActivitiesCORPORATE DIRECTORY Directors Kevin Clarence Somes (Chairman) Jordan Ashton Luckett (Managing Director) Rimas Kairaitis (Non-executive Director) Terrence Ronald Grammer (Non-executive Director) Company Secretary Justin Barton Principal Office 6 Outram Street West Perth Western Australia 6005 Telephone (08) 6311 2852 Facsimile: (08) 6313 3997 Share Registry Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited Level 11 172 St Georges Terrace Perth Western Australia 6000 Telephone: Facsimile: 1300 787 272 (08) 9323 2033 Website: www.greatwesternexploration.com.au Auditor Bentleys London House, 216 St George’s Terrace Perth Western Australia 6005 Solicitors Steinepreis Paganin 16 Milligan Street Perth Western Australia 6000 Stock Exchange The Company’s shares are listed by the Australian Securities Exchange Limited The home exchange is Perth ASX Code - Fully paid shares GTE CONTENTS Review of Exploration Activities Directors’ Report Corporate Governance Statement Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and other Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Directors’ Declaration Auditors Independence Declaration Independent Auditors Report Additional Information 6 17 28 32 33 34 35 36 62 63 64 69 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 5 Executive Summary Great Western Exploration Limited (“Great Western”; “the Company”) is a gold and base metal explorer with a focus (a) on the Northern Yilgarn, Western Australia (Fig 1). During the year Great Western made an exciting greenfields gold discovery at its Yandal West Gold Project, located in the richly endowed Yandal Gold Belt. Also, further progress was made at the Great Western’s Yerrida Basin exploration that comprises of the Yerrida South and Yerrida North JV projects. At the Yandal West Gold Project, Great Western has identified a highly prospective gold mineralised corridor that is approximately 12.5km long and 800m wide. Within this corridor the Company has at least two large prospect areas where there has been significant gold mineralisation intersected in RC drilling, being the May Queen and Ives Find prospects. At May Queen, Great Western believes there is an area of at least 3km2 of gold mineralisation within a highly prospective gold setting. Within this setting encouraging gold results from RC drilling indicate at least two gold trends that have a combined strike of at least 5km. The Company is continuing to carry out systematic drill testing of the area with only an estimated 15% of the area tested to date. At Ives Find, Great Western has reported high grade gold mineralisation which is interpreted to be associated with a gold mineralised trend at least 700m long that remains open. A structural study completed by the Company this year identified the area as highly prospective for further gold mineralisation and recommended further work. The Company has scheduled further RC and diamond drilling to follow-up these recommendations. The Yerrida North JV is a Joint Venture with Sandfire Resources NL (“Sandfire”) whereby Sandfire can earn up to 70% by carrying out exploration. This year Sandfire completed a regional airborne EM survey that covered the entire project area. Sandfire are currently interpreting the data to identify drill targets. At Great Western’s 100% owned Yerrida South project the Company completed a small RC program at its Chisel prospect targeting zinc mineralisation. Encouragingly, the drilling indicated that a similar geological process that is associated with Century style zinc mineralisation is occurring and the Company is planning further work at the prospect. Great Western also has the Fairbairn project located along the northern margin of the Earaheedy Basin. The Company believes this project has the potential for world class sedimentary hosted copper, cobalt, lead, and zinc mineralisation. The Company is currently reviewing historical data and will provide an update once this review is complete. Yandal West • Identification of a structural corridor 12.5km long and 800m wide that is co-incident with a robust 9km long gold-in-soil anomaly. This corridor contains at least two large areas of significant gold mineralisation confirmed in RC drilling, being the May Queen and Ives Find prospects • At the May Queen prospect work to date has demonstrated there is approximately 3km2 area of gold mineralisation occurring within a complex structural setting. Within this area at least two significant gold mineralised trends have been identified in RC drilling, Western and Eastern, that have a combined strike of at least 5km. • At Ives Find there is high grade gold mineralisation interpreted to be associated with a gold trend at least 700m long that remains open. Further diamond and RC drilling is planned. Figure 1. Location of Great Western’s Projects in the Northern Yilgarn Figure 2. Location of Yandal West project The Yandal West gold project is located within the world class Yandal gold belt (Fig 2), approximately 55km north of Bronzewing gold deposit (3.5Mozs) and 60km south of Jundee gold mine (10Mozs). The project comprises of the 100% owned Ives Find historical goldfield and the 80% owned Harris Find historical goldfield. The consolidation of both goldfields will allow systematic modern exploration methods to be applied which was not previously possible because of a long history of fragmented ownership resulting in limited, ad-hoc exploration. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 7 Review of Exploration ActivitiesGreat Western believes it has identified a highly prospective gold mineralised structural corridor that is approximately 12.5km long and 800m wide. This interpretation is supported by a recent structural study as well as soil geochemistry that indicates gold mineralisation at least 9km along its length. Within this corridor the Company has at least two large areas of significant gold mineralisation intersected in RC drilling, being the May Queen and Ives Find prospects (Fig 3). Figure 3. The 9km gold-in-soil trend at Yandal West that is co-incident with a 12.5km structural corridor with the location of the May Queen and Ives Find prospects. May Queen During the year the Great Western made an exciting greenfields gold discovery at the May Queen prospect where it reported last year an extensive 3.8km x 1.5km gold-in-soil anomaly. The Company believes that the encouraging RC drilling results to date demonstrate an area of approximately 3km2 of gold mineralisation that occurs within a highly prospective structural setting. Within the May Queen area the company has identified at least two high priority gold trends with a combined strike of 5km or more (Fig 4). These trends parallel each other and have significant drill results associated with them that include: 5m @ 1.28 g/t gold from 1m (includes 1m @4.24 g/t) 16m @ 1.64 g/t gold from 13m (includes 1m 13.1 g/t) 3m @ 2.51 g/t gold from 33m (includes 1m @ 5.93 g/t) 6m @ 1.22 g/t gold from 60m (includes 1m @ 5.92 g/t) 11m @ 9.58 g/t gold from 57m (includes 1m @ 98.7 g/t) 6m @ 2.24g/t gold from 79m depth (includes 1m @ 4.27 g/t) 1m @ 11.6g/t gold from 82m depth 1m @ 3.08g/t gold from 89m depth HFRC015: HFRC019: HFRC019: HFRC019: HFRC022: HFRC025: HFRC040: HFRC041: HFRC063: 1m @ 1.22 g/t gold from 2m HFRC064: 7m @ 0.92 g/t gold from 17m HFRC070: 3m @ 5.01 g/t gold from 44m depth (including 1m @ 14.3 g/t) HFRC070: 2m @ 1.24 g/t gold from 77m HFRC085: 3m @ 3.07 g/t gold from 2m (including 1m @ 7.54 g/t) HFRC087: 3m @ 1.03 g/t gold from 41m Figure 4. Location of the MQW1 & MQW3 gold targets at May Queen as well as the interpreted mineralised trends. Great Western believes the May Queen prospect remains highly prospective for gold and intends to continue systematic exploration of the area. The Company estimates that only 15% of the prospect has been tested to date. Ives Find At Ives Find, Great Western reported that it intersected high grade gold in RC drilling last year. The Company interpreted the gold to be associated with a mineralised trend at least 700m long that remains open. This year a structural study highlighted the Ives Find area as highly prospective for gold and recommended further drilling. The Company is planning both RC and initial diamond drilling to start testing these recommendations. Yerrida North JV • Sandfire Resources NL (“Sandfire”; ASX:SFR) to Farm-In into Great Western’s north Yerrida tenements • Sandfire may initially earn 70% by delineating at least 50,000 tonnes in-ground copper Mineral Resource with a minimum exploration spend of $1.7 million over three years. • Sandfire completed a regional Airborne EM survey over the majority of the project area The Yerrida North JV tenure is considered prospective for copper-gold, copper-cobalt, nickel-cobalt and gold (Fig 6). Sandfire entered into a Farm-In Agreement where they have committed to a minimum exploration spend of $1.7 million over three years and may initially earn 70% by delineating at least 50,000t in-ground copper Mineral Resource. The Farm-In Agreement enables one of Australia’s most successful exploration teams to explore our northern Yerrida area with the considerable knowledge, understanding and experience gained through the discoveries of the nearby Degrussa and Monty deposits. It also provides a clear pathway from discovery to production in this area. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 9 Review of Exploration ActivitiesDuring the year Sandfire completed a regional airborne EM survey that covered the majority of the project area (Fig 5). The survey successfully mapped highly variable conductive terrain and ha s proven very valuable in supporting a 3D interpretation of the basin’s geological architecture. Figure 5. Regional airborne EM flown by Sandfire at the Yerrida North JV project The regional interpretation is ongoing; utilising aeromagnetic, gravity and the new AEM imagery to inform target generation. This will be used to plan future exploration activities within the Yerrida project. The Yerrida North JV tenure is considered prospective for copper-gold, copper-cobalt, nickel-cobalt and gold. Sandfire entered into a Farm-In Agreement where they have committed to a minimum exploration spend of $1.7 million over three years and may initially earn 70% by delineating at least 50,000t in-ground copper Mineral Resource. The Farm-In is a strong endorsement of Yerrida’s base metal potential and allows the Company’s northern Yerrida tenements to be explored by one of Australia’s most successful exploration teams, having discovered the nearby Degrussa and Monty VMS deposits. Sandfire also have significant infrastructure including a treatment plant at Degrussa, located approximately 25km north, which is within trucking distance of the project. The Farm-In Agreement also provides a clear pathway from discovery to production for the project and it frees up resources and funds for the Company, enabling a greater focus and expenditure commitment on its other copper-cobalt, VMS and gold projects. Key Terms of the Farm-In Agreement Great Western and Sandfire have entered into a Farm-In Letter Agreement which grants the right for Sandfire to farm into 11 (1,560km2) of the Company’s Exploration Licenses (“Tenements”) located in the Northern Yerrida basin, Western Australia. The Key commercial terms are as follows: Minimum Commitment a) Sandfire will pay the equivalent of $500,000 in Sandfire shares based on the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) 5 trading days before the Farm-In Agreement goes unconditional; b) Sandfire must incur a minimum of $1.7 million in exploration expenditure over 3 years. If Sandfire wishes to withdraw prior to meeting the minimum expenditure it is obligated to pay a cash consideration equal to the minimum expenditure amount less the actual expenditure made on the tenements. First- Earn-In – 70% Sandfire to sole fund exploration expenditure on the tenements to define a mineral resource of 50,000 tonnes of contained copper or copper equivalent under the JORC 2012 code to earn 70% interest in the tenements. Second Earn-In – 80% Sandfire can elect to earn a further 10% by sole funding the completion of a Feasibility Study. Pre-Emptive Rights Both companies have pre-emptive rights to the other party’s interest where an interest has been offered for sale to a third party. Area of Influence An area of influence has been defined whereby any tenements acquired by either company inside of this area must be offered for inclusion in the Farm-In. Yerrida South Great Western has a large landholding in the southern area of the Yerrida Basin that it believes is prospective for sedimentary hosted copper-cobalt-lead-zinc-silver-vanadium. The Company retains 100% ownership of these tenements which include the Chisel and Frustration Well prospects. Chisel The Chisel prospect is located approximately 10km north of the Paroo lead mine and 45km NW of Wiluna (Fig 6). Great Western announced last year the completion of a detailed gravity survey at Chisel that defined a discrete gravity anomaly located at a highly prospective structural setting. The Chisel gravity anomaly is located at the intersection of the Perseverance and Chisel faults. The Perseverance fault is a major fault within the Yilgarn block that is associated with many of WA’s largest nickel and gold deposits. This fault can be traced in the geophysical data through the central area of the Yerrida basin to the Monty and Degrussa copper deposits located to the northwest (Fig 6). GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 11 Review of Exploration ActivitiesFigure 6. Location of the Company’s Yerrida projects and the Chisel prospect The Company believes the Chisel gravity target may represent Proterozoic sediment hosted base metal mineralisation (zinc-lead-silver); either replacement style or Mississippi Valley Type (“MVT”). Australian examples are Century zinc deposit (replacement style) and locally the Magellan deposit (MVT style). During the year Great Western completed three RC holes to gather geological data to assist in the further interpretation and geophysical assessment. Encouragingly, drilling indicated that a similar geological process that is associated with Century style zinc mineralisation is occurring and the Company is planning further work at the prospect. Figure 7. Chisel gravity anomaly at the intersection of the regional Perseverance and local Chisel faults. Fairbairn The Fairbairn project comprises of 1,377km2 area located approximately 170 kilometres north of Wiluna and is situated on the Jenkins-Goodin Fault Zone along strike from the Degrussa copper deposit. The Company believes this prospect is prospective for sedimentary hosted copper-cobalt, Proterozoic copper (porphyry and VMS) and Proterozoic gold. The company thinks that Fairbairn has the potential to be a world class metals base metal district that contains sedimentary hosted copper-cobalt, Mississippi style lead -zinc, porphyry copper and epithermal gold. The Company is currently compiling data and preparing a work plan for the project. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 13 Review of Exploration ActivitiesCompetent Person Statement The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results, Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves is based on information compiled by Mr Jordan Luckett who is a member of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Luckett is an employee of Great Western Exploration Limited and has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Luckett consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears. Exploration Targets It is common practice for a company to comment on and discuss its exploration in terms of target size and type. The information in this announcement relating to exploration targets should not be misunderstood or misconstrued as an estimate of Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves. Hence the terms Resource(s) or Reserve(s) have not been used in this context in this announcement. The potential quantity and grade of resource targets are conceptual in nature since there has been insufficient work completed to define them beyond exploration targets and that it is uncertain if further exploration will result in the determination of a Mineral Resource or Ore Reserve. Tenement Schedule Project Tenement No Status Ownership Comments Yandal West Yerrida South Yerrida North JV Fairbairn E 53/1369 E 53/1612 E 53/1816 E 53/1949 E 51/1727 E 51/1807 E 51/1855 E 51/1856 E 53/1713 E 53/1730 E 53/1740 E 53/1917 E 53/1948 E 51/1324 E 51/1330 E 51/1560 E 51/1712 E 51/1723 E 51/1724 E 51/1728 E 51/1746 E 51/1747 E 51/1819 E 51/1827 E 52/2517 E 52/3528 E 69/3193 E 69/3442 E 69/3443 E 69/3495 E 69/3496 E 69/3499 E 69/3534 E 69/3534 E 69/3534 E 69/3534 E 69/3534 E 69/3534 Live Live Live Pending Live Live Pending Pending Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Live Pending Live Live Live Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending 100% 80% 80% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 0% 100% 0% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Diversified free carried to BFS Diversified free carried to BFS Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% Sandfire earning 70% 100% of all Non-Diamond Mineral Rights 100% of all Non-Diamond Mineral Rights GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 15 Review of Exploration ActivitiesProject Tenement No North Yilgarn Pilbara E 51/1877 E 51/1878 E 51/1879 E 51/1880 E 51/1881 E 51/1882 E 52/3610 E 52/3611 E 53/1982 E 53/1983 E 53/1987 E 53/1988 E51/1893 E53/2017 E53/2026 E53/2027 E53/2028 E53/3028 E 45/5021 Status Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Pending Ownership Comments 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Directors’ Report The Directors of Great Western Exploration Limited submit herewith the annual report of Great Western Exploration Limited and subsidiaries (“the Group”) for the financial year ended 30 June 2018. Information on Directors: The names and details of the Company’s directors in office during the financial year and up to the date of this report are as follows. Directors were in office for the entire year unless otherwise stated. K C Somes J A Luckett T R Grammer R Kairaitis Mr Kevin Clarence Somes FCA Non-executive Chairman Experience and expertise Mr Somes is a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants and was a partner of Somes & Cooke Chartered Accountants for over 25 years. Mr Somes has extensive experience in the management of exploration companies, with Somes & Cooke being the auditors of a number of ASX listed mining companies during his tenure. Other current directorships None. Former directorships in last three years None. Mr Jordan Ashton Luckett Managing Director Experience and expertise During his career, Mr Luckett has been a member of a number of successful exploration teams that have made discoveries in Western Australia, Queensland, Canada and Africa. For the previous twelve years he has held senior management positions in both mining and exploration companies. Mr Luckett has 24 years’ of experience in both exploration and mining geology, having worked throughout Australia, North America and Africa. He has a broad experience that includes grass roots exploration, project generation, resource definition, underground mining and geological management. Mr Luckett has a Bachelor of Science degree and is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Other current directorships None. Former directorships in last three years None. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 17 Review of Exploration ActivitiesMr Rimas Kairaitis Non-executive Experience and expertise Mr Kairaitis is a geologist with over 24 years’ experience in mineral exploration and resource development in gold, base metals and industrial minerals. From 2006 – 2016, Mr Kairaitis was founding Managing Director and CEO of Aurelia Metals, based in NSW, which evolved from a junior exploration company to a profitable gold and base metals producer. Mr Kairaitis also has a strong exploration track record, leading the geological field team to the discovery of the Tomingley Gold deposit in NSW in 2001 and the McPhillamy’s Gold deposit in 2006. Other current directorships Nil Former directorships in last three years Aurelia Metals Ltd (June 2008 – August 2015) Mr Terrence Ronald Grammer Non-executive Experience and expertise Mr Grammer is one of Australia’s most successful exploration geologist’s with a career spanning more than 40 years in Australia, Africa, Asia and New Zealand. Mr Grammer has been based in Western Australia since 1988 and has extensive professional experience in the exploration of gold, base metals & industrial minerals and has an enviable record over a long period of time that includes being directly involved in three highly successful exploration companies that made the transition from junior explorer to an ASX200 Company. He was a founder and promoter in 1999 of Western Areas NL, and was exploration manager of the company from 2000 until retiring in 2004. In 2000 he was joint winner of the AMEC Prospector of the Year Award for his role in the discovery of the highly profitable Cosmos nickel deposit in 1997 that subsequently resulted in Jubilee Mines NL becoming a leading mid-tier Australian mining company prior to its takeover by Xstrata. In June 2010 Mr Grammer joined the Board of Sirius Limited that subsequently went on to make the Nova discovery. Mr Grammer was also Chairman of South Boulder Mines Limited from May 08 through to August 2013 where he helped guide the company through the discovery, development and funding of the Colluli potash deposit in Eritrea. Other current directorships Metal Tiger PLC (September 2014 – current) Former directorships in last three years Kin Mining NL (August 2011 – February 2017 ) Sirius Resources NL (June 2010 – September 2015) Fortis Mining Limited (December 2010 – November 2011) Company Secretary The Company Secretary is Mr Justin Barton. Mr Barton was appointed Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and company secretary on 24 August 2015. Mr Barton is a Chartered Accountant, with over 20 years’ experience in accounting, international finance and mining and has holds Board and Chief Financial Officer positions with other ASX listed mining companies. Gold and base metals The principal activity during the year to 30 June 2018 was mineral exploration for gold, base metals and nickel. During the year the group continued its strategy of acquiring highly prospective mineral exploration projects and reviewing and exploring these mineral exploration projects. Operating And Financial Review Review The principal activity of the Company is mineral exploration. The objective of the Group, in the event of the discovery of a mineral resource, would be the successful exploration and development of the resource. Financial position At the end of the financial year the Group had cash reserves of $1,263,091 (2017: $690,505). The Company also holds $1,000,000 in term deposit at 30 June 2018 and incurred expenditure on exploration and evaluation of $1,763,338 (2017: $509,150) before write offs during the year. Results of Operations The operating loss for the year, after providing for income tax was $1,069,292 (2017: $1,343,462). Risks And Risk Management The Company attempts to mitigate risks that may affect its future performance through a systematic process of identifying, assessing, reporting and managing risks of corporate significance. Key operational risks and their management are recurring items for discussion at Board meetings. The following discusses the Company’s most significant business risks. a) Exploration Whilst considered highly prospective, the Company’s tenements are early stage exploration tenements with limited exploration undertaken on them to date. Exploration is a high risk undertaking. The Company’s joint venture projects for copper, nickel and gold prospects in Australia are in the preliminary stages of exploration and no assurance is given that exploration of its current projects or any future projects will result in the delineation or discovery of a significant mineral resource. Even if a significant mineral resource is identified, there can be no guarantee that it can be economically exploited. b) Commodity prices As an explorer for copper, gold, nickel and potentially other minerals, any successes of the Company are expected to be closely related to the price of those and other commodities. Fluctuating prices in those commodities make market prices for securities in the Company more volatile than for other investments. Commodities prices are affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company. These factors include worldwide and regional supply and demand for commodities, general world economic conditions and the outlook for interest rates, inflation and other economic factors on both a regional and global basis. These factors may have a positive or negative effect on the Company’s exploration, project development and production plans and activities, together with the ability to fund those plans and activities. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 19 DIRECTOR’S REPORT c) Environmental The Company’s projects are subject to rules and regulations regarding environmental matters and the discharge of hazardous wastes and materials. As with all mineral projects, the Company’s projects are expected to have a variety of environmental impacts should development proceed. Development of any of the Company’s projects will be dependent on the Company satisfying environmental guidelines and, where required, being approved by government authorities. The Company intends to conduct its activities in an environmentally responsible manner and in accordance with all applicable laws, but may still be subject to accidents or other unforeseen events which may compromise its environmental performance and which may have adverse financial implications. d) Future capital needs The Company’s ability to raise further capital (equity or debt) within an acceptable time of a sufficient amount and on terms acceptable to the Company will vary according to a number of factors, including prospectivity of projects (existing and future), the results of exploration, subsequent feasibility studies, development and mining, stock market and industry conditions and the price of relevant commodities and exchange rates. No assurance can be given that future funding will be available to the Company on favourable terms (or at all). If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, the Company may not be able to further develop its projects and it may impact on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Significant Changes In The State Of Affairs There has been no significant change in the state of affairs of the Company during the financial year. Dividends No dividends have been recommended by the Directors. Matters Subsequent To The End Of The Financial Year The Directors are not aware of any matter or circumstance that has arisen since 30 June 2018 which has significantly affected or may significantly affect the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the Group, in future financial years. Likely Developments And Expected Results Of Operations The Directors are not aware of any developments that might have a significant effect on the operations of the Company in subsequent financial years not already disclosed in this report. Environmental Regulations Great Western Exploration Limited conducts its exploration activities in an environmentally sensitive manner, and believes it has adequate systems in place for the management of environmental requirements. The Company is not aware of any breach of statutory conditions or obligations. The Directors have considered the enacted National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 (the NGER Act) which introduces a single national reporting framework for the reporting and dissemination of information about the greenhouse gas emissions, greenhouse gas projects, and energy use and production of corporations. At the current stage of development, the Directors have determined that the NGER Act will have no effect on the Company for the current, nor subsequent, financial year. The Directors will reassess this position as and when the need arises. Share Options During the year ended 30 June 2018, the Company issued the following options: Unlisted Unlisted Unlisted Unlisted Grant Date 12/10/2017 3/10/2017 3/10/2017 3/10/2017 No of Options Exercise Price 15,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 $0.022 $0.02 $0.04 $0.06 Expiry Date 12/10/2020 31/12/2017 31/12/2018 31/12/2019 Directors’ Meetings The Directors attended the following director meetings during the year: K C Somes J A Luckett R Kairaitis T R Grammer Meetings Eligible to Attend Meetings Attended 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Directors’ Interests In The Shares And Options Of The Company The particulars of Directors’ interest in shares and options are as at the date of this report. K C Somes J A Luckett R Kairaitis T R Grammer Ordinary Shares 60,364,658 31,745,833 3,000,000 2,000,000 Options 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 Directors And Officers Insurance The Company has made an agreement to indemnify all the Directors and Officers against all indemnifiable losses or liabilities incurred by each Director and Officer in their capacities as Directors and Officers of the Company to the extent permitted by the Corporations Act 2001. The Company has taken out an insurance policy at a premium of $17,100 in relation to Directors and Officers indemnity. Proceedings On Behalf Of Company No person has applied for leave of Court to bring proceedings on behalf of the company or intervene in any proceedings to which the company is a party for the purpose of taking responsibility on behalf of the company for all or any part of those proceedings. The company was not a party to any such proceedings during the year. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 21 DIRECTOR’S REPORT Non-Audit Services Bentleys did not provide any non-audit services during the year ended 30 June 2018. Details of the amounts paid or payable to the auditor for audit during the year are set out in Note 24. Auditor’s Independence Declaration A copy of the Auditor’s Independence Declaration, as required under section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001, is set out on page 63. Remuneration Policy This Remuneration Report outlines the director and executive remuneration arrangements of the Company in accordance with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and its Regulations. For the purposes of this report Key Management Personnel (KMP) of the Company are defined as those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the major activities of the Company and the Company, directly or indirectly, including any director (whether executive or otherwise) of the Company. For the purposes of this report, the term “executive” encompasses the Chief Executive and senior executives. i) Directors K C Somes J A Luckett T R Grammer R Kairaitis Chairman (Non-executive) Managing Director (Executive) Director (Non-executive) Director (Non-executive) There were no other changes of key management personnel after reporting date and before the financial report was authorised for issue. The Company has established a Remuneration Committee, assumed by the Board, as a whole, which is responsible for determining and reviewing the remuneration arrangements of the directors and executives. The Board assesses the appropriateness of the nature and amount of emoluments of such Directors and executives on an annual basis by reference to market and industry conditions. In order for the Company to prosper, thereby creating shareholder value, the Company must be able to attract and retain the highest calibre executives. Executive and non-executive directors, other key management personnel and other senior employees have been granted options over ordinary shares under the Company’s Employee Share Option Plan. The recipients of options are responsible for growing the Company and increasing shareholder value. If they achieve this goal the value of the options granted to them will also increase. Therefore the options provide an incentive to the recipients to remain with the Company and to continue to work to enhance the Company’s value. Due to the nature of the Company’s operations the current remuneration policy is not linked to the performance of the Company. Non-executive Directors remuneration The Board seeks to set remuneration levels that provide the Company with the ability to attract and retain the highest calibre professionals. Fees and payments to non-executive Directors reflect the demands that are made on and the responsibilities of the Directors from time to time. Directors’ fees are determined by the Board within the aggregate Directors fee limit approved by shareholders. The maximum currently approved by the Constitution stands at $250,000. Remuneration in the form of share options issued under the Company’s Employee Share Option Plan is designed to reward Directors and executives in a manner aligned to the creation of shareholder wealth. Subject to shareholders’ approval non- executive directors may participate in the Company’s Employee. Share Option Plan. The Board considers the grant of options to be reasonable given the necessity to attract and retain the highest calibre professionals to the Company. Non-executive Directors receive superannuation benefits in accordance with the Superannuation Guarantee Legislation. Non- executive directors are permitted to salary sacrifice all or part of their fees. Due to the nature of the Company’s operation i.e. mineral exploration and development, the remuneration of directors and executives, at present, does not include performance-based incentives. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 23 DIRECTOR’S REPORT Executive Remuneration (including executive directors) The Board aims to reward executives with a level and mix of remuneration commensurate with their position and responsibilities to align the interests of executives with those of shareholders and to ensure that remuneration is market competitive. Remuneration consists of: • Fixed Remuneration. Being base salary, non-monetary benefits and superannuation. Fixed remuneration is reviewed annually. • Variable remuneration – Long term incentives. Being share options issued under the Company’s Employee Share Option Plan. The options do not have any vesting conditions other than service conditions. Remuneration issued in the form of share options issued under the Company’s Employee Share Option Plan is designed to reward directors and executives in a manner aligned to the creation of shareholder wealth. Due to the nature of the Company’s operation i.e. mineral exploration and development, the remuneration of directors and executives, at present, does not include performance-based incentives. The Company has entered into contracts of employment with the Managing Director, and standard contracts with other executives, the details of which are set out below. Name Position Contract Details J A Luckett Managing Director Annual salary of $250,000, plus superannuation, reviewed annually. The Company may terminate, other than for gross misconduct, with 1 month’s notice or payment in lieu of an amount of $20,833 on the grounds of inadequate performance or prolonged illness, or 3 month’s notice or payment in lieu of an amount of $62,500 for redundancy or the Company being taken over. Termination payments are not payable on resignation or under circumstances of unsatisfactory performance. Remuneration of Key Management Personnel 2018 Short term benefits Salary & Wages Name of Director Executive director Jordan Luckett $250,000 Non-executive director Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis Totals 2017 $55,000 $35,000 $30,000 $370,000 Short term benefits Salary & Wages Name of Director Executive director Jordan Luckett $150,000 Non-executive director Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis(1) Ian Kerr(2) Craig Mathieson(3) Totals $55,000 $35,000 $2,500 $85,000 $12,500 $340,000 Bonuses Non-cash benefits Superan nuation Share based payments Options Other long term employee benefits Total Performance related % - - - - - - - - - - $23,750 $5,225 $3,325 $2,850 $35,150 - - - $22,005 $22,005 $47,650 $321,400 0.0% $60,225 $38,325 $54,855 0.0% 0.0% 40.1% $47,650 $474,805 Bonuses Non-cash benefits Superan nuation Share based payments Options Other long term employee benefits Total Performance related % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $14,250 $42,360 - $206,610 20.5% $5,225 $3,325 - $8,075 $1,188 $42,360 $42,360 $42,360 $42,360 - $102,585 - - $80,685 $2,500 - $135,435 - $56,048 41.3% 52.5% 0.0% 31.3% 75.6% $32,063 $211,800 - $583,863 (1) Mr Kairaitis was appointed as a Director on 31 May 2017. (2) Mr I Kerr was appointed as a Director on 29 November 2016 and resigned on 31 May 2017. (3) Mr Mathieson resigned on 29 November 2016. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 25 DIRECTOR’S REPORT Options granted as part of remuneration Shareholdings of Key Management Personnel 30 June 2018 Grant Date No of Options Exercise price Expiry Date Value of Options Granted Rimas Kairaitis 3 October 2017 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $22,005 30 June 2017 Grant Date No of Options Exercise price Expiry Date Value of Options Granted Jordan Luckett 29 November 2016 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $42,360 Kevin Somes 29 November 2016 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $42,360 Terry Grammer 29 November 2016 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $42,360 Ian Kerr 29 November 2016 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $42,360 Craig Mathieson 29 November 2016 6,000,000 $0.02, $0.04, $0.06 31 December 2019 $42,360 For details on the valuation of options, including models and assumptions used, refer to Note 19. There were no alterations to the terms and conditions of options granted as remuneration since their grant date. Option Holding of Key Management Personnel 30 June 2018 Directors Jordan Luckett Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis 30 June 2017 Directors Jordan Luckett Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis(1) Ian Kerr(2) Craig Mathieson(3) Balance at 1 July 2017 Granted Exercised/ Cancelled Expired/ Other Balance at 30 June 2018 Vested 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 - - - (2,000,000) (2,000,000) (2,000,000) - 6,000,000 (2,000,000) 18,000,000 6,000,000 (8,000,000) - - - - - 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 16,000,000 100% 100% 100% 100% Balance at 1 July 2016 Granted Exercised/ Cancelled Expired/ Other Balance at 30 June 2017 Vested - - - - - - - 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 - 6,000,000 6,000,000 30,000,000 - - - - - - - - - - - - (6,000,000) 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 - 6,000,000 - 100% 100% 100% - 100% 100% (6,000,000) 24,000,000 (1) Mr Kairaitis was appointed as a Director on 31 May 2017. (2) Mr I Kerr was appointed as a Director on 29 November 2016 and resigned on 31 May 2017. (3) Mr Mathieson resigned on 29 November 2016. 30 June 2018 Jordan Luckett Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis 30 June 2017 Jordan Luckett Kevin Somes Terry Grammer Rimas Kairaitis(1) Ian Kerr(2) Craig Mathieson(3) Balance 1 July 2017 Granted as Remuneration On exercise of Options Net Change Other Balance 30 June 2018 29,745,833 48,636,966 - 1,000,000 79,382,799 - 4,632,692 - - 4,632,692 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000 - - - - - 31,745,833 55,269,658 2,000,000 3,000,000 92,015,491 Balance 1 July 2016 Granted as Remuneration On exercise of Options Net Change Other Balance 30 June 2017 22,783,333 24,389,572 6,962,500 3,764,062 - - - - - - 28,218,496 75,391,401 2,053,125 12,779,687 - - - - - - - - 20,483,332(4) - 1,000,000 25,808,336(4) (30,271,621) 29,745,833 48,636,966 - 1,000,000 25,808,336 - 17,020,047 105,191,135 (1) Mr Kairaitis was appointed as a Director on 31 May 2016. (2) Mr I Kerr was appointed as a Director on 29 November 2016 and resigned on 31 May 2017. (3) Mr Mathieson resigned on 29 November 2016. (4) Shares acquired as from Vanguard acquisition END OF REMUNERATION REPORT (AUDITED) This Report of Directors, incorporating the Remuneration Report, is signed in accordance with a resolution of the Directors. Dated this 26 day of September 2018 K C Somes Chairman GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 27 REMUNERATION REPORT (AUDITED)Corporate Governance Statement For the year ended 30 June 2018 The Board of Directors of Great Western Exploration Limited is responsible for Corporate Governance of the company. The Board guides and monitors the business and affairs of the Company on behalf of the shareholders by whom they are elected and to whom they are accountable. Due to the size and nature of the Company’s activities, the Board as a whole is involved in matters where larger Boards would ordinarily operate through sub-committees. Some of the best practices recommended are not cost effective for adoption in a small company environment. The Board is committed to the standards of Corporate Governance as set out in the ASX Corporate Governance Council’s Principles and Recommendations. Structure Of The Board The skills, experience and expertise relevant to the position of Director held by each director in office at the date of the Annual Report is set out in the Directors’ Report. Directors of Great Western Exploration Limited are considered to be independent when they are independent of management and free from any business or other relationship that could materially interfere with or could reasonably be perceived to materially interfere with the exercise of their unfettered and independent judgement. The following directors were considered to be independent during the year: Mr K C Somes Mr T R Grammer Mr R Kairaitis There are procedures in place to enable Directors to seek independent professional advice, at the expense of the Company, on issues arising in the course of their duties as Directors. Set out below is the term in office held by each Director at the date of this report: Mr K C Somes Mr J A Luckett Non-executive Director Appointed 11 October 2013 Managing Director Appointed 22 January 2008 Mr T R Grammer Non-executive Director Appointed 25 July 2014 Mr R Kairaitis Non-executive Director Appointed 31 May 2017 Nomination Committee The function of establishing the criteria for Board membership, nomination of Directors and review of Board membership, is performed by the Board as a whole, until such time as the Company is of a sufficient size to warrant the establishment of a separate Nomination Committee. The composition of the Board is determined ensuring that there is an appropriate combination of corporate and operational expertise and qualifications. Performance An evaluation of Directors is conducted by the Board on an annual basis. The Managing Director is responsible for the review of key executives. Remuneration The Board as a whole is responsible for determining and reviewing the arrangements for Directors and Executive management. The Board assesses the appropriateness of the nature and amount of emoluments of such Officers on an annual basis by reference to market and industry conditions and taking into account the Company’s operational and financial performance. Details of remuneration received by Directors and executives are included in the Remuneration Report contained within the Directors’ Report. Code Of Conduct The Company has established its Code of Conduct to ensure that directors and senior executives are provided with clear principles setting out the expectations of their conduct. It is expected that directors and senior executives will actively promote the highest standards of ethics, honesty and integrity in carrying out their roles and responsibilities for the Company. In dealings with the Company’s suppliers, competitors, customers and other organisations with which they have contact, they will exercise fairness and integrity, and will observe the form and substance of the regulatory environment in which the Company operates. Directors and senior executives must, at all times, act in the interests of the Company and will ensure compliance with the laws and regulations in relation to the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Directors and senior executives have a role in ensuring compliance with this code of conduct, and therefore should be vigilant and report any breach of this code of conduct. For further information on the Company’s Code of Conduct refer to our website. Diversity Policy Diversity includes, but is not limited to, gender, age, ethnicity and cultural background. The Company is committed to workplace diversity and recognises the benefits arising from employee and board diversity including a broader pool of high quality employees, improving employee retention, accessing different perspectives and ideas and benefiting from all available talent. The Board is responsible for developing measurable objectives and strategies to meet the objectives and the monitoring of the progress of the objectives. Due to the present scale of operations and number of staff the Company has not yet set measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity. The Board will review progress against any objectives identified on an annual basis. Details of women employed within the Company are as follows: Women on the Board Women in senior management roles Women employees in the Company No. - - 1 % - - 25 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 29 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT Compliance With Disclosure Requirements The Company is committed to meeting its disclosure obligations and to the promotion of investor confidence in its securities. It has in place written policies and procedures to ensure compliance with ASX Listing Rule 3.1. The Company will immediately notify the market by announcement to the ASX of any information concerning the business of Great Western Exploration Limited that a reasonable person would expect to have a material effect on the price or value of the Company’s securities. Shareholders The Board endeavours to ensure that shareholders are fully informed of all activities affecting the Company. Information is conveyed to shareholders via the Annual Report, Quarterly Reports and other announcements. This information is available on the Company’s website, www.greatwesternexploration.com.au, and in hard copy upon request. The Board encourages attendance and participation of shareholders at the Annual General and other General Meetings of the Company. The Company’s external auditor is requested to attend the Annual General Meeting and be available to take questions about the conduct of the audit and the content of the Auditors’ Report. Compliance With Best Practice Recommendations The Directors of the Group support and adhere to the principles of corporate governance where possible, recognising the need for the highest standard of corporate behaviour and accountability. For further information on the corporate governance policies adopted by Great Western Exploration Limited refer to our website: www.greatwesternexploration.com.au Trading Policy Under the Company’s Securities Trading Policy Directors and Key Management Personnel must not trade in any securities of the Company at any time when they are in possession of information which is not generally available to the market and, if it were generally available to the market, would be likely to have a material effect on the price or value of the Company’s securities. Directors and Key Management Personnel are permitted to deal in the securities of the Company throughout the year except during the following periods: In the two weeks prior to, and 24 hours after the release of the Company’s Annual Financial Report; In the two weeks prior to, and 24 hours after the release of the Interim Financial Report of the Company; In the two weeks prior to, and 24 hours after the release of the Company’s Quarterly Reports (together the Block out Period) Any Director wishing to deal in the Company’s securities must obtain the prior written approval of the Chairman or the Board before doing so. If the Chairman wishes to deal in the Company’s securities the Chairman must obtain the prior approval of the Board before doing so. Any Key Management Personnel wishing to deal in the Company’s securities must obtain the prior written approval of the Managing Director before doing so. ASX Listing Rules require the Company to notify ASX within 5 business days after any dealing in the securities of the Company The Securities Trading Policy can be found on the company’s website. Audit Committee The Board has not established an Audit Committee. The role of the Audit Committee in the establishment of effective internal control framework to safeguard the Company’s assets, maintain proper accounting records and ensure the reliability of financial information was performed by the Board as a whole during the financial year. The Board as a whole deals directly with and receives reports from the Company’s external auditors in relation to the Annual financial reports and other statutory requirements. Risk Management The Board as a whole carries out the role of Risk Management. The Board evaluates and monitors areas of operational and financial risk. The Board determines the Company’s risk profile and is responsible for overseeing and approving risk management strategy and policies, internal compliance and internal control. The effectiveness of controls is monitored and reviewed regularly. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or equivalent, have provided a written statement to the Board that in their view the Company’s financial report is founded on a sound system of risk management and internal compliance and control which implements the financial policies adopted by the Board and that the company’s risk management and internal compliance and control system is operating effectively in all material respects. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 31 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income Note 2018 $ 2017 $ For The Year Ended 30 June 2018 As at 30 June 2018 ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other receivables Other financial assets TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS NON CURRENT ASSETS Property, plant and equipment Mineral exploration expenditure TOTAL NON CURRENT ASSETS TOTAL ASSETS LIABILITIES CURRENT LIABILITIES Trade and other payables TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES TOTAL LIABILITIES NET ASSETS EQUITY Issued capital Reserves Accumulated losses TOTAL EQUITY The above statement of financial position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 1,263,091 366,668 1,000,400 2,630,159 11,181 8,207,648 8,218,829 690,505 145,661 48,796 884,962 10,553 6,525,098 6,535,651 Interest received Proceeds on farm-in arrangement Other income Employee benefit expense Administration expenses Directors’ fees Depreciation Compliance and regulatory expenses Share based payments Mineral exploration written off 10,848,988 7,420,613 Exploration & evaluation expenditure not capitalised Project acquisition costs 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 322,684 322,684 656,701 656,701 322,684 656,701 10,526,304 6,763,912 29,178,726 864,237 24,500,456 710,823 (19,516,659) (18,447,367) 10,526,304 6,763,912 Note 5 12 6 7 2018 $ 11,581 - - (201,979) (396,593) (169,996) (3,397) (64,940) (153,415) (80,788) (9,765) - 2017 $ 1,106 500,000 17,533 (64,605) (224,295) (150,000) (4,892) (31,493) (618,629) (686,922) (3,063) (78,202) (1,069,292) (1,343,462) - - (1,069,292) (1,343,462) - - (1,069,292) (1,343,462) (0.13) (0.32) Loss before income tax Income tax expense Loss for the year Other comprehensive income Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: Exchange differences on translating foreign controlled entities Total comprehensive income for the year Basic loss per share (cents per share) The above statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 33 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows For The Year Ended 30 June 2018 For The Year Ended 30 June 2018 30 June 2018 Balance At 1 July 2017 Loss for the year Total comprehensive income for the year Option issues Options exercised Share based payements Shares issued during the year Transaction costs Balance at 30 June 2018 30 June 2017 Balance At 1 July 2016 Loss for the year Total comprehensive income for the year Option issues Share based payments Shares issued during the year Transaction costs Acquisition of Tenements Balance at 30 June 2017 Issued Capital Share Option Reserve Accumulated Losses $ $ $ Total Equity $ 24,500,456 710,823 (18,447,367) - - - 360,000 91,025 4,530,000 (302,755) 29,178,726 Issued Capital $ 20,244,437 - - - 227,575 1,243,100 (55,986) 2,841,330 24,500,456 - - (1,069,292) (1,069,292) 153,414 - - - - - - - - - 6,763,912 (1,069,292) (1,069,292) 153,414 360,000 91,025 4,530,000 (302,755) 864,237 (19,516,659) 10,526,304 Share Option Reserve Accumulated Losses Total Equity $ - - - 618,630 - - - 92,193 710,823 $ $ (17,103,905) (1,343,462) (1,343,462) - - - - - (18,447,367) 3,140,532 (1,343,462) (1,343,462) 618,630 227,575 1,243,100 (55,986) 2,933,523 6,763,912 The above statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. Cash flows from operating activities Cash payments to suppliers and employees Payments for exploration and evaluation expenditure Interest received Interest and other finance costs paid Net cash used in operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Proceeds from disposal of shares during the period Deposits paid on exploration Investment in term deposit Vanguard acquisition cash reserves Net cash used in/(used from) investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from issue of shares and options Share issue costs Net cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash held Note 2018 $ 2017 $ (1,128,638) (1,763,338) 11,582 (473) (426,582) (473,879) 1,068 (857) 16 (2,880,867) (900,250) 47,922 (141,714) (1,000,000) - (1,093,792) 451,604 (107,314) - 41,375 385,665 4,850,000 (302,755) 4,547,245 1,243,100 (77,194) 1,165,906 572,586 651,321 Cash at the beginning of the financial year 690,505 39,184 Cash at the end of the financial year 8 1,263,091 690,505 The above statement of cash flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 35 These financial statements and notes represent those of Great Western Exploration Limited (‘the Company’) and its controlled entities (‘the Group’). In preparing the consolidated financial statements, all intragroup balances and transactions between entities in the consolidated group have been eliminated in full on consolidation. The financial statements were authorised for issue on 26 September 2018 by the Directors of the Company. 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Preparation The financial statements are general purpose financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards, Australian Accounting Interpretations, other authoritative pronouncements of the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) and the Corporations Act 2001. The Group is a for-profit entity for financial reporting purposes under Australian Accounting Standards. Australian Accounting Standards set out accounting policies that the AASB has concluded would result in financial statements containing relevant and reliable information about transactions, events and conditions. Compliance with Australian Accounting Standards ensures that the financial statements and notes also comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB. Material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are presented below and have been consistently applied unless stated otherwise. Except for cash flow information, the financial statements have been prepared on an accruals basis and are based on historical costs, modified, where applicable, by the measurement at fair value of selected non-current assets, financial assets and financial liabilities. a) Going Concern The financial report has been prepared on the going concern basis, which contemplates the continuity of normal business activity, and the realisation of assets and the settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. The Group incurred a loss for the year of $1,069,292 (2017: $1,343,462). During the year the company raised $4,227,245 after issue costs, by the way of share placements in October 2017 and December 2017. The Group has a working capital surplus of $2,307,475 at 30 June 2018 (30 June 2017: $228,261). The Group has ongoing expenditures in respect of administration costs and exploration and evaluation expenditure on its Australian exploration projects. The directors have prepared a cash flow forecast, which indicates that the Group will have sufficient cash flows to meet all commitments (including those at Note 22) and working capital requirements for the 12 month period from the date of signing this financial report. The Directors believe that at the date of signing of the financial statements there are reasonable grounds to believe that, having regard to the matters set out above, the Group will be able to raise sufficient additional funds to meet its obligations as and when they fall due and continue to proceed with the Group’s objectives beyond the currently committed expenditure for the 12-month period from the date of signing this financial report. In arriving at this conclusion, the Directors are comfortable that, as and when required, they will be able to raise equity to provide sufficient working capital, and the directors have resolved to not call on outstanding amounts from the company until the company is in a financial position to repay these amounts. Should the Directors not achieve the matters as set out above, there is material uncertainty whether the Group will continue as a going concern and therefore whether they will realise their assets and extinguish their liabilities in the normal course of business and at the amounts stated in the financial report. The financials do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary, should the Group not continue as a going concern and meet its debts as and when they fall due. b) Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements incorporate the assets, liabilities and results of entities controlled by Great Western Exploration Limited at the end of the reporting period. A controlled entity is any entity over which Great Western Exploration Limited has the ability and right to govern the financial and operating policies so as to obtain benefits from the entity’s activities. Where controlled entities have entered or left the Group during the year, the financial performance of those entities is included only for the period of the year that they were controlled. A list of controlled entities is contained in Note 21 to the financial statements. Non-controlling interests, being the equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent, are reported separately within the equity section of the consolidated statement of financial position and statement of comprehensive income. The non-controlling interests in the net assets comprise their interests at the date of the original business combination and their share of changes in equity since that date. Business combinations Business combinations occur where an acquirer obtains control over one or more businesses. A business combination is accounted for by applying the acquisition method, unless it is a combination involving entities or businesses under common control. The business combination will be accounted for from the date that control is attained, whereby the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) assumed is recognised (subject to certain limited exemptions). When measuring the consideration transferred in the business combination, any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement is also included. Subsequent to initial recognition, contingent consideration classified as equity is not remeasured and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. Contingent consideration classified as an asset or liability is remeasured in each reporting period to fair value, recognising any change to fair value in profit or loss, unless the change in value can be identified as existing at acquisition date. All transaction costs incurred in relation to business combinations are expensed to the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive income. The acquisition of a business may result in the recognition of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. Goodwill (i) The consideration transferred; (ii) Any non-controlling interest, and (iii) The acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest over the acquisition date fair value of net identifiable assets acquired. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for a business combination plus the acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest shall form the cost of the investment in the separate financial statements. Fair value uplifts in the value of pre-existing equity holdings are taken to the statement of comprehensive income. Where changes in the value of such equity holdings had previously been recognised in other comprehensive income, such amounts are recycled to profit or loss. The amount of goodwill recognised on acquisition of each subsidiary in which the Company holds less than a 100% interest will depend on the method adopted in measuring the non-controlling interest. The Company can elect in most circumstances to measure the non-controlling interest in the acquire either at fair value (full goodwill method) or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the subsidiary’s identifiable net assets (proportionate interest method). In such circumstances, the Company determines which method to adopt for each acquisition and this is stated in the respective notes to these financial statements disclosing the business combination. Under the full goodwill method, the vair value of the non-controlling interests is determined using valuation techniques which make the maximum use of market information where available. Under this method, goodwill attributable to the non- controlling interests is recognised in the consolidated financial statements. Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries is included in intangible assets. Goodwill on acquisition of associates is included in investments in associates. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and is allocated to the Company’s cash-generating units or groups of cash-generating units, representing the lowest level at which goodwill is monitored not larger than an operating segment. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill related to the entity disposed of. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 37 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018c) Application of New and Revised Accounting Standards New, revised or amending Accounting Standards and Interpretations adopted The Group has adopted all of the new, revised or amending Accounting Standards and Interpretations issued by the Australian Accounting Standards Board (“AASB”) that are mandatory for the current reporting period. The adoption of these Accounting Standards and Interpretations did not have any significant impact on the financial performance or position of the Group during the financial year. Any new, revised or amending Accounting Standards or Interpretations that are not yet mandatory have not been early adopted. New Accounting Standards for Application in Future Periods Accounting Standards issued by the AASB that are not yet mandatorily applicable to the Group, together with an assessment of the potential impact of such pronouncements on the Group when adopted in future periods, are discussed below: AASB 9 : Financial Instruments This standard is applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018. The Standard will be applicable retrospectively and includes revised requirements for the classification and measurement of financial instruments, revised recognition and derecognition requirements for financial instruments and simplified requirements for hedge accounting. The key changes that may affect the Group on initial application include certain simplifications to the classification of financial assets, simplifications to the accounting of embedded derivatives, upfront accounting for expected credit loss, and the irrevocable election to recognise gains and losses on investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading in other comprehensive income. The group has assessed the impact of the adoption of AASB 9 and has concluded that no material changes are expected to result from the adoption of the new standard. The Group will adopt this standard from 1 July 2018. AASB 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers This standard is applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018. The standard provides a single standard for revenue recognition. The core principle of the standard is that an entity will recognise revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard will require: contracts (either written, verbal or implied) to be identified, together with the separate performance obligations within the contract; determine the transaction price, adjusted for the time value of money excluding credit risk; allocation of the transaction price to the separate performance obligations on a basis of relative stand-alone selling price of each distinct good or service, or estimation approach if no distinct observable prices exist; and recognition of revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. Credit risk will be presented separately as an expense rather than adjusted to revenue. For goods, the performance obligation would be satisfied when the customer obtains control of the goods. For services, the performance obligation is satisfied when the service has been provided, typically for promises to transfer services to customers. For performance obligations satisfied over time, an entity would select an appropriate measure of progress to determine how much revenue should be recognised as the performance obligation is satisfied. Contracts with customers will be presented in an entity’s statement of financial position as a contract liability, a contract asset, or a receivable, depending on the relationship between the entity’s performance and the customer’s payment. Sufficient quantitative and qualitative disclosure is required to enable users to understand the contracts with customers; the significant judgements made in applying the guidance to those contracts; and any assets recognised from the costs to obtain or fulfil a contract with a customer. The Group has assessed the impact of AASB15 on its revenue in relation to its material contracts with customers and has concluded that no material changes are expected to result from the adoption of the new standard. The Group will adopt this standard from 1 July 2018. AASB 16 Leases This standard is applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. The standard replaces AASB 117 ‘Leases’ and for lessees will eliminate the classifications of operating leases and finance leases. Subject to exceptions, a ‘right-of-use’ asset will be capitalised in the statement of financial position, measured as the present value of the unavoidable future lease payments to be made over the lease term. The exceptions relate to short-term leases of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets (such as personal computers and small office furniture) where an accounting policy choice exists whereby either a ‘right-of-use’ asset is recognised or lease payments are expensed to profit or loss as incurred. A liability corresponding to the capitalised lease will also be recognised, adjusted for lease prepayments, lease incentives received, initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of any future restoration, removal or dismantling costs. Straight-line operating lease expense recognition will be replaced with a depreciation charge for the leased asset (included in operating costs) and an interest expense on the recognised lease liability (included in finance costs). In the earlier periods of the lease, the expenses associated with the lease under AASB 16 will be higher when compared to lease expenses under AASB 117. However EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortisation) results will be improved as the operating expense is replaced by interest expense and depreciation in profit or loss under AASB 16. For classification within the statement of cash flows, the lease payments will be separated into both a principal (financing activities) and interest (either operating or financing activities) component. For lessor accounting, the standard does not substantially change how a lessor accounts for leases. The group will adopt this standard from 1 July 2019 but the impact of its adoption is yet to be fully assessed by the group. d) Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of six months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. e) Trade and Other Receivables Trade receivables, which generally have 30 day terms, are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less an allowance for impairment. Collectability of trade receivables is reviewed on an ongoing basis. Debts that are known to be uncollectible are written off when identified. An impairment provision is recognised when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect the receivable. f) Investments and Other Financial Assets Investments and financial assets in the scope of AASB 139 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement are categorised as either financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments, or available-for-sale financial assets. When financial assets are recognised initially, they are measured at fair value, plus, in the case of assets not at fair value through profit or loss, directly attributable transaction costs. All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on the trade date i.e. the date that the Company commits to purchase the asset. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets under contracts that require delivery of the assets within the year established generally by regulation or convention in the market place. Financial assets are derecognised when the right to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or been transferred. (i) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Financial assets classified as held for trading are included in the category ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling in the near term with the intention of making a profit. Derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Gains or losses on investments held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss and the related assets are classified as current assets in the Statement of Financial Position. (ii) Loans and receivables Loans and receivables including loan notes and loans to key management personnel are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Such assets are carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the loans and receivables are derecognised or impaired. These are included in current assets except for those maturities greater than 12 months after balance date, which are classified as non-current. (iii) Held-to-maturity investments Held-to-maturity investments are non-derivative financial assets that have fixed maturities and fixed or determinable payments, and it is the Group’s intention to hold these investments to maturity. They are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Held-to-maturity investments are included in non-current assets, except for those which are expected to mature within 12 months after the end of the reporting period. All other investments are classified as current assets. (iv) Available-for-Sale Investments Available-for-sale investments are those non-derivative financial assets that are designated as available-for-sale or are not classified as any of the three preceding categories. After initial recognition available-for sale investments are GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 39 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018measured at fair value with gains or losses being recognised as a separate component of equity until the investment is derecognised or until the investment is determined to be impaired, at which time the cumulative gain or loss previously reported in equity is recognised in profit or loss. The fair values of investments that are actively traded in organised financial markets are determined by reference to quoted market bid prices at the close of business on the balance sheet date. Investments with no active market, and whose fair values cannot be reliably measured, shall be measured at cost. At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is objective evidence that a financial instrument has been impaired. In the case of available-for-sale financial instruments, a prolonged decline in the value of the instrument is considered to determine whether an impairment has arisen. Impairment losses are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. g) Property, Plant and Equipment l) Provisions and Employee Leave Benefits Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of the provision to be reimbursed, for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented in the Statement of Comprehensive Income net of any reimbursement. Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision resulting from the passage of time is recognised in finance costs. Plant and equipment is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Employee Leave Benefits Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets as follows: (i) Wages, salaries, annual leave and sick leave Plant and Equipment – over 6 to 15 years Motor Vehicles – over 4 years Computer Equipment – over 3 years The assets’ residual values, useful lives and amortisation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each financial year end. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no further future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the year the asset is derecognised. h) Exploration and Evaluation Expenditure Exploration and evaluation costs are capitalised as exploration and evaluation assets on a project by project basis pending determination of the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the project. The capitalised costs are presented as either tangible or intangible exploration and evaluation assets according to the nature of the assets acquired. Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits, annual leave and accumulating sick leave expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are recognised in respect of employees’ services up to the reporting date. They are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. Expenses for non-accumulating sick leave are recognised when the leave is taken and are measured at the rates paid or payable. (ii) Long service leave The liability for long service leave is recognised and measured as the present level of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date using the projected unit credit method. Consideration is given to expected future wage and salary levels, experience of employee departures, and periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on national government bonds with terms to maturity and currencies that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future cash outflows. m) Share Based Payment Transactions (i) Equity settled transaction: The Company provides benefits to its employees (including key management personnel) in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services in exchange for shares or rights over shares (equity-settled transactions). When a licence is relinquished or a project abandoned, the related costs are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income immediately. The Company has in place the Great Western Exploration Limited Employee Share Option Plan to provide benefits to directors and senior executives. Exploration and evaluation assets shall be assessed for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of an exploration and evaluation asset may exceed its recoverable amount. When facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. i) Interests in Joint Ventures The Company’s shares of the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of jointly controlled operations have been included in the appropriate line items of the consolidated financial statements. j) Impairment of Assets Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds it recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are Group at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or Group of assets (cash – generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are tested for possible reversal of the impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the impairment may have reversed. k) Trade and other Payables Trade and other payables are carried at amortised cost; due to their short term nature they are not discounted. They represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of the financial year that are unpaid and arise when the Company becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of the purchase of these goods and services. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition. The cost of these equity-settled transactions with employees is measured by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The fair value is determined by an external valuer using a binomial model. In valuing equity-settled transactions, no account is taken of any vesting conditions other than conditions linked to price of the shares of the Company (market conditions) if applicable. The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled (the vesting period), ending on the date on which the relevant employees become fully entitled to the award (the vesting date). At each subsequent reporting date until vesting the cumulative charge to the Statement of Comprehensive Income is the produce of: (i) the grant date fair value of the award; (ii) the current best estimate of the number of awards that will vest, taking into account such factors as the likelihood of employee turnover during the vesting period and the likelihood of non-market performance conditions being met; and (iii) the expired portion of the vesting period. The charge to the Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year is the cumulative amount as calculated above less the amounts already charged in previous years. There is a corresponding credit to equity. Until an award has vested, any amounts recorded are contingent and will be adjusted if more or fewer awards vest than were originally anticipated to do so. Any award subject to a market condition is considered to vest irrespective of whether or not that market condition is fulfilled, provided that all other conditions are satisfied. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 41 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018If the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, as a minimum an expense is recognised as if the terms had not been modified. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share based payment arrangement, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee, as measured at the date of modification. If an equity-settled award is cancelled, it is treated as if it had vested on the date of cancellation, and any expense not yet recognised for the award is recognised immediately. However, if a new award is substituted for the cancelled award and designated as a replacement award on the date that it is granted, the cancelled and new award are treated as if they were a modification of the original award, as described in the previous paragraph. Unrecognised deferred income tax assets are reassessed at each balance sheet date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset only if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. The dilutive effect, if any, of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share. Other Taxes n) Issued Capital Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. o) Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognised and measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable to the extent it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised. (i) Interest Income Revenue is recognised as interest accrues using the effective interest method. This is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset and allocating the interest income over the relevant year using the effective interest rate, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the net carrying amount of the financial asset. p) Income Tax and other Taxes Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior years are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the current year’s taxable income. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred income tax is provided on all temporary differences at the balance sheet date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. Deferred income tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences except: Д Д When the deferred income tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liabilityin the transaction that is not a business combination and that, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; or when the taxable temporary difference is associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates or interests in joint ventures, and the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred income tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, carry-forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry-forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except: Д Д Д when the deferred income tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; or when the deductible temporary difference is associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates or interests in joint ventures, in which case a deferred tax asset is only recognised to the extent that it is probable that the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised. Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of GST except: • when the GST incurred on a purchase of goods and services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case the GST is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable; and • receivables and payables, which are stated with the amount of GST included. The net amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the Statement of Financial Position. Cash flows are included in the Statement of Cash Flows on a gross basis and the GST component of cash flows arising from investing and financing activities, which is recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is classified as part of operating cash flows. Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority. q) Earnings per share Basic earnings per share is calculated as net profit attributable to members of the parent, adjusted to exclude any costs of servicing equity (other than dividends), divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares, adjusted for any bonus element. Diluted earnings per share is calculated as net profit attributable to members of the parent, adjusted for: • • • costs of servicing equity (other than dividends); the after tax effect of dividends and interest associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares; and other non-discretionary changes in revenues or expenses during the year that would result from the dilution of potential ordinary shares; Divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and dilutive potential ordinary shares, adjusted for any bonus element. r) Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities The Company measures some of its assets and liabilities at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis, depending on the requirements of the applicable Accounting Standard. Fair value is the price the Company would receive to sell an asset or would have to pay to transfer a liability in an orderly (i.e. unforced) transaction between independent, knowledgeable and willing market participants at the measurement date. As fair value is a market-based measure, the closest equivalent observable market pricing information is used to determine fair value. Adjustments to market values may be made having regard to the characteristics of the specific asset or liability. The fair values of assets and liabilities that are not traded in an active market are determined using one or more valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise, to the extent possible, the use of observable market data. To the extent possible, market information is extracted from either the principal market for the asset or liability (i.e. the market with the greatest volume and level of activity for the asset or liability) or, in the absence of such a market, the most advantageous market available to the entity at the end of the reporting period (i.e. the market that maximises the receipts from the sale of the asset or minimises the payments made to transfer the liability, after taking into account transaction costs and transport costs). GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 43 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018For non-financial assets, the fair value measurement also takes into account a market participant’s ability to use the asset in its highest and best use or to sell it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The fair value of liabilities and the entity’s own equity instruments (excluding those related to share-based payment arrangements) may be valued, where there is no observable market price in relation to the transfer of such financial instruments, by reference to observable market information where such instruments are held as assets. Where this information is not available, other valuation techniques are adopted and, where significant, are detailed in the respective note to the financial statements. Valuation techniques In the absence of an active market for an identical asset or liability, the Company selects and uses one or more valuation techniques to measure the fair value of the asset or liability, The Company selects a valuation technique that is appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available to measure fair value. The availability of sufficient and relevant data primarily depends on the specific characteristics of the asset or liability being measured. The valuation techniques selected by the Company are consistent with one or more of the following valuation approaches: Market approach: valuation techniques that use prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions for identical or similar assets or liabilities. Income approach: valuation techniques that convert estimated future cash flows or income and expenses into a single discounted present value. Cost approach: valuation techniques that reflect the current replacement cost of an asset at its current service capacity. Each valuation technique requires inputs that reflect the assumptions that buyers and sellers would use when pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risks. When selecting a valuation technique, the Company gives priority to those techniques that maximise the use of observable inputs and minimise the use of unobservable inputs. Inputs that are developed using market data (such as publicly available information on actual transactions) and reflect the assumptions that buyers and sellers would generally use when pricing the asset or liability are considered observable, whereas inputs for which market data is not available and therefore are developed using the best information available about such assumptions are considered unobservable. Fair value hierarchy AASB 13 requires the disclosure of fair value information by level of the fair value hierarchy, which categorises fair value measurements into one of three possible levels based on the lowest level that an input that is significant to the measurement can be categorised into as follows: Level 1 Measurements based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date. Measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 Measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly Level 3 The Company would change the categorisation within the fair value hierarchy only in the following circumstances: (i) if a market that was previously considered active (Level 1) became inactive (Level 2 or Level 3) or vice versa; or (ii) if significant inputs that were previously unobservable (Level 3) became observable (Level 2) or vice versa. When a change in the categorisation occurs, the Company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy (i.e. transfers into and out of each level of the fair value hierarchy) on the date the event or change in circumstances occurred. 2. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS Estimates and assumptions are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Equally, the Company continually employs judgement in the application of its accounting policies. Management has identified the following critical accounting policies for which significant judgements, estimates and assumptions are made. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. Those which may materially affect the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities reported in future years are discussed below. (a) Significant accounting estimates and judgements (i) Impairment of non-financial assets The Company assesses impairment on all assets at each reporting date by evaluating conditions specific to the Company and to the particular asset that may lead to impairment. These include technology and economic environments. If an impairment trigger exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined. This involves value-in-use calculations, which incorporate a number of key estimates and assumptions. (ii) Share-based payment transactions The Company measures the cost of equity settled transactions with directors and employees by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. Equity settled transactions comprise only options. Their fair value is determined using the Binomial Options Pricing model. The accounting estimates and assumptions relating to equity settled share-based payments would have no impact on the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next annual reporting year but may impact expenses and equity. (iii) Estimation of useful lives of assets The estimation of useful lives of assets has been based on historical experience. Adjustments to useful lives are made when considered necessary. Depreciation and amortisation charges as well as estimated useful lives are included in Note 1(g). (iv) Exploration and evaluation costs Acquisition, exploration and evaluation expenditure incurred is accumulated in respect of each identifiable area of interest. These costs are carried forward in respect of an area that has not at balance sheet date reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of the existence or otherwise of economically recoverable reserves, and active and significant operations in or relating to, the area of interest are continuing. (v) Environmental issues Balances disclosed in the financial statements and notes thereto are not adjusted for any pending or enacted environmental legislation, and the Directors understanding thereof. At the current stage of the Company’s development and its current environmental impact, the Directors believe such treatment is reasonable and appropriate. Measurements based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. (vi) Taxation The fair values of assets and liabilities that are not traded in an active market are determined using one or more valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise, to the extent possible, the use of observable market data. If all significant inputs required to measure fair value are observable, the asset or liability is included in Level 2. If one or more significant inputs are not based on observable market data, the asset or liability is included in Level 3. Balances disclosed in the financial statements and the notes thereto, related to taxation, and are based on the best estimates of Directors. These estimates take into account both the financial performance and position of the Company as they pertain to current income taxation legislation, and the Directors understanding thereof. No adjustment has been made for pending or future taxation legislation. The current income tax position represents that Directors best estimate, pending an assessment by the Australian Taxation Office. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 45 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 20183.FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES The Company’s financial instruments consist mainly of deposits with banks, accounts receivable and payable. The totals for each category of financial instruments, measured in accordance with AASB 139 as detailed in the accounting policies to these financial statements, are as follows: Financial Assets Cash and cash equivalents Receivables Financial assets Financial Liabilities Trade and other payables Note 8 9 10 13 2018 $ 1,263,091 366,668 1,000,400 2,630,159 2017 $ 690,505 145,661 48,796 894,962 322,684 322,684 656,701 656,701 Financial Risk Management Policies The Company attempts to mitigate risks that may affect its future performance through a systematic process of identifying, assessing, reporting and managing risks of corporate significance. The management and the Board discuss the principal risks of our businesses, particularly during the strategic planning and budgeting processes. The board sets policies for the implementation of systems to manage and monitor identifiable risks. The Board Risk Committee is responsible for the oversight of risk management. The Company’s principal financial instruments comprise cash and short term deposits. The Company has various other financial assets and liabilities such as trade receivables and trade payables, which arise directly from its operations. The main purpose of these financial assets and liabilities is to raise finance for the Company’s operations. It is, and has been throughout the entire year under review, the Company’s policy that no trading in financial instruments shall be undertaken. The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are cash flow interest rate risk. Other minor risks are either summarised below or disclosed in Note 9 in the case of credit risk and Note 14 in the case of capital risk management. The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks. (a) Credit Risk The Company minimises credit risk by undertaking a review of its potential customers’ financial position and the viability of the underlying project prior to entering into material contracts. Financial instruments other than receivables that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits. The Company places its cash deposits with high credit-quality financial institutions, being in Australia only the major Australian (big four) banks. Cash holdings in other countries are generally not significant. The Company’s cash deposits all mature within twelve months and attract a rate of interest at normal short-term money market rates. The maximum amount of credit risk the Company considers it would be exposed to would be $2,263,091 (2017: $690,505) being the total of its cash and cash equivalents and financial assets. (b) Cash Flow Interest Rate Risk The Company’s exposure to the risks of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s short term deposits with a floating interest rate. All other financial assets and liabilities in the form of receivables and payables are non-interest bearing. The Company does not engage in any hedging or derivative transactions to manage interest rate risk. The following table sets out the Company’s exposure to interest rate risk and the effective weighted average interest rate for each class of these financial instruments. Floating Interest Rate Non-Interest Bearing Total Carrying Amount Note 2018 $ 2017 $ 2018 $ 2017 $ 2018 $ 2017 $ Financial Assets Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other Receivables Other Financial assets Weighted average interest rate 1,263,091 609,505 - - 1,263,091 609,505 - - 366,668 145,661 366,668 145,661 400 48,796 1,000,400 48,796 8 9 - 10 1,000,000 1.63 0.55 The effect on profit and equity, after tax, if interest rates at that date had changed by -/+ 100 basis points from the weighted average for the year with all other variables held constant as a sensitivity analysis. Would be a +/- change to profit and equity of $12,670 (2017: $6,950). A sensitivity of 10% has been selected as this is considered by management to be reasonable in the current environment. The Company constantly analyses its interest rate exposure to ensure the appropriate mix of fixed and variable rates. The Company has not entered into any hedging activities to cover interest rate risk. In regard to its interest rate risk, the Company continuously analyses its exposure. Within this analysis consideration is given to potential renewals of existing positions, alternative investments and the mix of fixed and variable interest rates. (c) Price Risk The Company is not exposed to equity securities price risk. There is no active market for available for sale investments. (d) Liquidity Risk The Company’s objective is to match the terms of its funding sources to the terms of the assets or operations being financed. The Company uses a combination of trade payables and operating leases to provide its necessary debt funding. The Company aims to hold sufficient reserves of cash or cash equivalents to help manage the fluctuations in working capital requirements and provide the flexibility for investment into long-term assets without the need to raise debt. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 47 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018Contracted maturities of payables at balance date Segment liabilities Payable - Less than 6 months - 6 to 12 months - 1 to 5 years (e) Commodity Price Risk 2018 $ 254,044 68,640 - 2017 $ $ 539,700 117,001 - 322,684 656,701 Due to the early stage of the Company’s operations its exposure is considered minimal. Risk arises as its operations are involved in exploration and development of mineral commodities, changes in the price of commodities for which the Group is exploring and developing may result in changes to the Company’s market price. The Company entity does not hedge any of its exposures. (f) Foreign currency exchange rate A risk arises when future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities are denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency. At present, the Company is not considered to be exposed to any significant foreign currency risk. (g) Net fair values The Company has no financial assets or liabilities where the carrying value amount exceeds fair value at balance date. The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recognised in the consolidated financial statements approximate their fair value. The Company’s financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are listed investments (Note 10) and are categorised as Level 1, meaning fair value is determined from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. 4. OPERATING SEGMENTS Segment Information Identification of reportable segments The Company has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the Board of Directors (chief operating decision makers) in assessing performance and determining the allocation of resources. The Company’s principal activities are mineral exploration. Reportable segments disclosed are based on aggregating operating segments where the segments are considered to have similar economic characteristics. Types of products and services by segment The Company’s segments consist of: • Mineral exploration • Finance and administration Basis of accounting for purposes of reporting by operating segments Unless stated otherwise, all amounts reported to the Board of Directors as the chief decision maker with respect to operating segments are determined in accordance with accounting policies that are consistent to those adopted in the annual financial statements of the Company. Segment assets Segment assets are clearly identifiable on the basis of their nature and physical location. Unless indicated otherwise in the segment assets note, investments in financial assets, deferred tax assets and intangible assets have not been allocated to operating segments. Liabilities are allocated to segments where there is direct nexus between the incurrence of the liability and the operations of the segment. Segment liabilities include trade and other payables and certain direct borrowings. Unallocated items Items of revenue, expense, assets and liabilities are not allocated to operating segments if they are not considered part of the core operations of any segment. (i) Segment performance 30 June 2018 Interest received Other income Total segment revenue Employee benefit expense Administration expenses Directors fees Depreciation Compliance and regulatory expenses Share based payments Mineral exploration written-off Other costs Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) - - - - - - - - - (80,788) (9,765) 11,581 - 11,581 (201,979) (396,593) (169,996) (3,397) (64,940) (153,415) - - Total ($) 11,581 - 11,581 (201,979) (396,593) (169,996) (3,397) (64,940) (153,415) (80,788) (9,765) Net profit/ (loss) before tax from operations (90,553) (978,739) (1,069,292) 30 June 2017 Gain on farm-in arrangement Interest received Other income Total segment revenue Employee benefit expense Administration expenses Directors fees Depreciation Compliance and regulatory expenses Share based payments Mineral exploration written-off Other costs Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) 500,000 - 11,259 511,259 - - - - - - (686,922) (81,265) - 1,106 6,274 7,380 (64,605) (224,295) (150,000) (4,892) (31,493) (618,629) - - Total ($) 500,000 1,106 17,533 518,639 (64,605) (224,295) (150,000) (4,892) (31,493) (618,629) (686,922) (81,265) Net profit/ (loss) before tax from operations (256,928) (1,086,534) (1,343,462) GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 49 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018 (ii) Segment assets 30 June 2018 Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other receivables Other Non-current assets Exploration and evaluation expenditure Plant & Equipment Total assets 30 June 2017 Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other receivables Other Non-current assets Exploration and evaluation expenditure Plant & Equipment Total assets from operations (iii) Segment liabilities 30 June 2018 Current Liabilities Trade and other payables Total liabilities from operations 30 June 2017 Current Liabilities Trade and other payables Non-current liabilities Other liabilities Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) - 249,028 - 8,207,648 6,579 8,463,255 1,263,091 117,640 1,000,400 - 4,602 2,385,733 Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) - 107,314 - 6,525,098 7,426 6,639,838 690,505 38,347 48,796 - 3,127 780,775 Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) 174,784 174,784 147,900 147,900 Mineral Exploration ($) Finance and Administration ($) Total ($) 1,263,091 366,668 1,000,400 8,207,648 11,181 10,848,988 Total ($) 690,505 145,661 48,796 6,525,098 10,553 7,420,613 Total ($) 322,684 322,684 Total ($) 354,520 302,181 656,701 Total liabilities from operations 354,520 302,181 656,701 The Company’s revenue is received from sources within Australia. (iv) Revenue by geographical region The Company’s revenue is received from sources within Australia. (iv) Assets by geographical region The geographical location of all assets are in Australia. (v) Major customers Due to the nature of its current operations, the Company does not provide products and services. 5. EXPENSES Employee benefits Salaries Superannuation Other Employee Benefits 6. INCOME TAX 2018 $ 76,804 56,535 68,640 201,979 2018 $ 2017 $ $ 46,200 18,405 - 64,605 2017 $ a. The prima facie tax on profit/(loss) from ordinary activities before income tax is reconciled to the income tax expense as follows: Accounting loss before income tax (1,069,292) (1,343,462) Income tax benefit at the statutory income tax rate of 27.5% (2017: 27.5%) Expenditure not allowable for income tax purposes Capitalised mineral exploration expenditure Capital raising costs Under/over from prior year Benefit of tax losses not brought to account as an asset (294,055) 74,179 (518,076) (15,396) - 753,348 (369,452) 380,720 (175,306) (15,396) (225,258) 404,692 Income Tax expense reported in the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income - - b. As at 30 June 2018, the Company has estimated tax losses of approximately $22,358,585 (2017: $21,095,133), which may be available to be offset against deferred tax liabilities and taxable income in future years. The availability of these losses is subject to satisfying Australian taxation legislative requirements. The deferred tax asset attributable to tax losses has not been brought to account in these financial statements as the Directors believe it is not presently appropriate to regard realisation of the future income tax benefits as probable. c. Deferred Tax Liability With regard to Mineral Exploration Expenditure of $8,207,648 (2017: $6,525,098) the tax liability in respect of the book value has not been brought to account as it is offset by the tax losses set out in 6(b) above. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 51 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018 7. EARNINGS PER SHARE 10. OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS Loss used in the calculation of basic EPS Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculation of basic earnings per share 8. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS Cash at bank Cash on deposit 2018 $ 2017 $ (1,069,292) (1,343,462) Current Financial assets 819,522,097 413,904,299 4 Month term deposit Held for trading Australian listed shares (Level 1 fair value hierarchy) 2018 $ 18,452 1,244,639 1,263,091 2017 $ 58,421 632,084 690,505 Changes in fair value are included in the statement of comprehensive income. 11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT The effective interest rate on short term bank deposits on average was 1.63% (2017: 0.55%), with an average maturity of 6 months. Plant and Equipment – at cost Less: accumulated depreciation 9. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES Reconciliation of the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment Current Tenement applications and deposits GST receivable Prepayments 2018 $ 249,028 115,395 2,245 366,668 2017 $ 107,314 37,057 1,290 145,661 Sundry debtors are non-interest bearing and receivable within 30 days. Allowance for impairment loss Trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets and are not past due. It is expected that these other balances will be received when due. Fair value and credit risk Due to the short term nature of the receivables, their carrying value is assumed to approximate their fair value. Given the nature of the receivables the Company’s exposure to risk is not considered material. Carrying amount at beginning of year Additions Disposals Depreciation for the year Carrying amount at end of financial year 12. MINERAL EXPLORATION EXPENDITURE Balance at beginning of the year Acquisition of projects Acquisition of Vanguard Exploration Ltd Deferred exploration expenditure Mineral expenditure written off (i) Balance at end of financial year 2018 $ 2017 $ 400 1,000,000 1,000,400 48,796 - 48,796 2018 $ 105,383 (94,202) 11,181 2018 $ 10,553 4,025 - (3,397) 11,181 2018 $ 6,525,098 - - 1,763,338 (80,788) 8,207,648 2017 $ 101,358 (90,805) 10,553 2017 $ 6,950 8,495 - (4,892) 10,553 2017 $ 3,611,559 716,113 2,375,198 509,150 (686,922) 6,525,098 (i) Mineral expenditure written off for the year was $80,788, being tenement E53/1712 relinquished during the financial year. The value of the Company’s interest in exploration expenditure is dependent upon: • • • the continuance of the Company’s rights to tenure of the areas of interest; the results of future exploration; and The recoupment of costs through successful development and exploitation of the areas of interest or, alternatively, by their sale. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 53 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 201813. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES Current Trade payables Sundry payables and accruals PAYG Withholding Deferred Harris Find Acquisition Costs Deferred Tenement costs 2018 $ 129,261 130,802 62,621 - - 322,684 2017 $ 72,979 418,404 44,398 53,918 67,002 656,701 Due to the short-term nature of these payables, their carrying value is assumed to approximate fair value. Trade payables are non-interest bearing and are generally settled within 30 days. 14. ISSUED CAPITAL Ordinary Shares Movements Ordinary Shares Balance 1 July 2018 $ 2017 $ 29,178,726 24,500,456 2018 Number 2017 Number 2018 $ 2017 $ 563,197,387 264,100,826 24,500,456 20,244,437 Share based payments 7,001,923 14,223,437 91,025 227,575 Share issue - Exercise of options 20,000,000 - 360,000 - Acquisition of Vanguard Exploration - Acquisition of Harris Find - Acquisition of Exploration tenements - - - 150,833,124 25,000,000 2,000,000 - - - - Placement - Aug 2017 - Oct 2017 - Dec 2017 - Aug 2016 - Dec 2016 - Mar 2017 Issue costs At 30 June 140,000,000 90,000,000 100,000,000 - - - 1,540,000 990,000 2,000,000 24,540,000 62,500,000 20,000,000 920,199,310 563,197,387 - - 920,199,310 563,197,387 29,481,481 (302,755) 29,178,726 - 2,413,330 400,000 28,000 - - - 368,100 625,000 250,000 24,556,442 (55,986) 24,500,456 The Company at 30 June 2018 has issued share capital amounting to 920,199,310 (2017: 563,197,387) ordinary shares with no par value. Ordinary shares participate in dividends and the proceeds on winding up of the parent entity in proportion to the number of shares held. At the shareholders’ meetings each ordinary share is entitled to one vote when a poll is called, otherwise each shareholder has one vote on a show of hands. Capital Risk Management The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that they may continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Due to the nature of the Company’s activities, being mineral exploration, the Company does not have ready access to credit facilities, with the primary source of funding being equity raisings. Therefore, the focus of the Company’s capital risk management is the current working capital position against the requirements of the Company to meet exploration programmes and corporate overheads. The Company’s strategy is to ensure appropriate liquidity is maintained to meet anticipated operating requirements, with a view to initiating appropriate capital raisings as required. The working capital position of the Company is as follows: Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other receivables Other assets Trade and other payables Working capital position 15. RESERVES Share Option Reserve (a) Share Option Reserve Balance at 1 July Issued during the year Expired during the year Exercised during the year Balance at 30 June 2018 $ 1,263,091 366,668 1,000,400 (322,684) 2,307,475 2018 $ 864,237 864,237 2018 $ 710,823 153,414 - - 2017 $ 690,505 145,661 48,706 (656,701) 228,171 2017 $ 710,823 710,823 2017 $ - 710,823 - - 2018 No. 75,500,000 21,000,000 - (20,000,000) 2017 No. - 75,500,000 - - 76,500,000 75,500,000 864,237 710,823 The share based payments reserve is used to record the value of share based payments provided to employees, including key management personnel, as part of their remuneration. Refer to Note 19 for further details of these plans. The Group operates an Employee Share Option Plan under which Options to subscribe for the Company’s shares have been granted to directors, senior executives and employees. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 55 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018 16. CASH FLOW STATEMENT RECONCILIATION Reconciliation of net loss after tax to net cash flows from operations Loss for the year Depreciation Share based payments Other Income Mineral exploration expenditure written off Changes in assets and liabilities (Increase)/Decrease in trade and other receivables and prepayments Increase/(Decrease) in trade and other payables (Increase)/Decrease in exploration expenditure Increase /(Decrease) in provisions 17. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURE a) Transactions with Directors and Directors Related Entities 2018 $ 2017 $ (1,069,292) (1,343,462) 3,397 153,415 - 80,788 (78,338) (274,127) (1,763,338) 66,628 4,892 618,629 (500,000) 689,985 (24,284) 126,367 (472,377) - b) Types of Share based payment plans Great Western Exploration Limited, Employee Share Option Plan Share options are granted to senior executives and designed to provide executives an incentive and participate along with shareholders by increasing the value of the Company’s shares. The options are issued by the Board having regard, in each case to: (i) the contribution to the Company which has been made by the Participant; (ii) the period of employment of the Participant with the Company, including (but not limited to) the years of service by that Participant; (iii) the potential contribution of the Participant to the Company; and (iv) any other matters which the Board considers in its absolute discretion, to be relevant. The options are issued to participants at a price the Board considers appropriate, but in any event, no more than nominal consideration. (2,880,867) (900,250) Details of options expiry date and exercise price are set out in Note 19 (c) below. c) Summary of Options granted under Employee Share Option Plan and other parties There were no related party transactions during the year ended 30 June 2018 other then as disclosed in Notes 18 & 19 and the remuneration report. 18. KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL (a) Compensation for Key Management Personnel Short term employee benefits Post employment benefits Other long term benefits Termination benefits Share based payments 19. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS (a) Recognised share based payment 2018 $ 370,000 35,150 47,650 - 22,005 474,805 2017 $ 340,000 32,063 - - 211,800 583,863 The share based payment expense recognised for employee services, consultants and tenement acquisition received during the year is shown in the table below: Expense arising from equity share-based payment transactions settled via options 2018 $ 2017 $ 153,414 710,823 Expense arising from equity share-based payment transactions settled via Shares 91,025 3,068,905 Total expense arising from share-based payment transactions 244,439 3,779,728 The share-based payment plans are described below. There have been no cancellations or modifications to any of the plans during 2018 and 2017. Outstanding at beginning of financial year Granted during the year - expiring 31 Dec 2017 - expiring 31 Dec 2018 - expiring 31 Dec 2019 - expiring 31 Dec 2019 - expiring 31 Dec 2019 - expiring 31 Dec 2019 - expiring 30 Jun 2020 - expiring 12 Oct 2020 Forfeited during the year Expired during the year Exercised during the year Outstanding at end of financial year 2018 No. 75,500,000 Exercise price 2017 No. Exercise price 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 - - - - $0.02 $0.04 $0.06 - - - - 15,000,000 $0.022 - - (18,000,000) (2,000,000) 76,500,000 - - $0.02 $0.00 14,000,000 18,500,000 12,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 25,000,000 - - - - - 75,500,000 $0.02 $0.04 $0.06 $0.00 $0.02 $0.04 $0.02 - - - - - GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 57 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018 The following share-based payment arrangements were in existence during the current and prior reporting periods: Grant Date No of Options Grant Date Fair Value Exercise Price Expiry Date Vesting Date 29 November 2016 2,000,000 $0.01500 $0.00 29 November 2016 10,000,000 $0.00620 $0.02 29 November 2016 2,000,000 $0.01011 $0.02 29 November 2016 10,000,000 $0.00690 $0.04 29 November 2016 2,000,000 $0.00965 $0.04 29 November 2016 12,000,000 $0.00805 $0.06 18 November 2016 4,000,000 $0.00680 $0.02 18 November 2016 8,500,000 $0.00760 $0.04 24 March 2017 3 October 2017 3 October 2017 3 October 2017 25,000,000 $0.01280 2,000,000 $0.001873 $0.02 $0.02 2,000,000 $0.003797 $0.04 2,000,000 $0.005333 $0.06 12 October 2017 15,000,000 $0.008761 $0.022 31 December 2019 31 December 2017 31 December 2019 31 December 2018 31 December 2019 31 December 2019 31 December 2017 31 December 2018 29 November 2016 29 November 2016 29 November 2016 29 November 2016 29 November 2016 29 November 2016 18 November 2016 18 November 2016 30 June 2020 24 March 2017 31 December 2017 31 December 2018 31 December 2019 12 October 2020 3 October 2017 3 October 2017 3 October 2017 12 October 2017 The total number of options exercisable at year end was 76,500,000. 20,000,000 options were exercised during the year. d) Option pricing model Equity-settled transactions The fair value of the equity-settled share options granted under the Employee Share Option Plan is estimated as at the date of the grant using a Monte Carlo Pricing Model as part of the term of the issued options, the options will vest immediately when the Share Price Equals or exceeds the Exercise Price of the respective shares after the date of issues of the options. Monte Carlo Price Model Grant Date 29/11/16 29/11/16 29/11/16 29/11/16 29/11/16 29/11/16 Dividend yield (%) Expected volatility (%) Risk free interest rate (%) Expected life of options (yrs) Option exercise price ($) Grant Date Share Price - 131 1.91 3.1 0.00 0.015 - 131 1.78 1.1 0.02 0.015 - 131 1.91 3.1 0.02 0.015 - 131 1.78 2.1 0.04 0.015 - 131 1.91 3.1 0.04 0.015 0 131 1.91 3.1 0.06 0.015 Binomial Model Pricing Model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted options included in relation to acquisition of tenements and corporate advisory services during the period. Binomial Model Pricing Model Grant Date 18/11/16 18/11/16 24/3/2017 29/09/17 29/09/17 29/09/17 - 151 1.86 3.2 0.02 0.016 - 151 1.86 3.2 0.04 0.016 - 132 1.74 3.3 0.02 0.017 - 130 1.93 0.3 0.02 0.013 - 130 1.93 1.3 0.04 0.013 - 130 1.93 2.3 0.06 0.013 Dividend yield (%) Expected volatility (%) Risk free interest rate (%) Expected life of options (yrs) Option exercise price ($) Weighted average share price at measurement date ($) e) Share issued in lieu of services 2018 Grant Date/entitlement Shares issued in lieu of outstanding director fees and employee salary as approved at GM on 26 September 2017 2017 Grant Date/entitlement Shares issued in lieu of 30 June 2016 outstanding director fees and salary’s as approved at AGMN on 29 November 2016 Number of Instruments Grant and Vesting Date Fair Value at grant date $ 7,001,923 03/10/2017 0.013 Number of Instruments Grant and Vesting Date Fair Value at grant date $ 14,223,437 29/11/2016 0.016 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 59 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018 The following information has been extracted from the books and records of the parent and has been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards. 20. PARENT INFORMATION STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION ASSETS Current Assets Non-current assets TOTAL ASSETS LIABILITIES Current liabilities TOTAL LIABILITIES NET ASSETS EQUITY Issued capital Reserves Accumulated losses TOTAL EQUITY 2018 $ 2017 $ 2,618,875 7,950,442 873,687 6,266,620 10,569,317 7,140,307 317,080 651,097 317,080 651,097 10,252,237 6,489,210 28,893,561 24,215,293 864,238 710,822 (19,505,562) (18,436,905) 10,252,237 6,489,210 STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Total loss (1,068,656) (1,333,000) Total comprehensive income (1,068,656) (1,333,000) Guarantees Great Western Exploration Limited has not entered into any guarantees, in the current or previous financial year, in relation to the debts of its subsidiaries. Contingent Liabilities At 30 June 2018, there were no contingent liabilities in relation to the subsidiaries. Contractual commitments At 30 June 2018, Great Western Exploration Limited had not entered into any contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment (2017: Nil). 21. CONTROLLED ENTITIES Name Principal Activity Country of Incorporation Vanguard Exploration Limited Mineral Exploration Australia Ordinary Shares Ownership Interest 2018 100% 2017 100% GTE Holdings Pte Ltd Investment Singapore Ordinary 100% 100% GTE KZ LLP Mineral Exploration Kazakhstan Ordinary 100% 100% 22. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES COMMITMENTS a) Exploration Tenement Leases In order to maintain current rights of tenure to exploration tenements, the Group is required to outlay lease rentals and to meet the minimum expenditure requirements of the Western Australian Department of Mines & Petroleum. Within one year 481,330 757,000 2018 $ 2017 $ CONTINGENCIES There were no contingencies at the end of the financial year. 23. EVENTS AFTER BALANCE DATE The Directors are not aware of any matter or circumstance that has arisen since 30 June 2018 which has significantly affected or may significantly affect the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the Group, in future financial years. 24. AUDITORS REMUNERATION The Directors are not aware of any matter or circumstance that has arisen since 30 June 2018 which has significantly affected or may significantly affect the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the Group, in future financial years. The Auditor of Great Western Exploration Limited is Bentleys Amounts received or due and receivable for • an audit or review of the financial report of the Group • other services in relation to the Group – other services 2018 $ 2017 $ 35,111 - 35,111 35,110 10,700 45,810 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 61 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFor The Year Ended 30 June 2018Directors’ Declaration In accordance with a resolution of the directors of Great Western Exploration Limited, the Directors of the Company declare that: the financial statements and notes, as set out on pages 32 to 61, are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001 and: a. comply with Australian Accounting Standards, which, as stated in accounting policy Note 1 to the financial statements, constitutes compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS); and b. give a true and fair view of the financial position as at 30 June 2018 and of the performance for the year ended on that date of the Company; To The Board of Directors 1. in the Directors’ opinion, subject to the matters mentioned in Note 1(a) to the financial statements, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due and payable; and 2. the Directors have been given the declarations required by s 295A of the Corporations Act 2001 for the financial year ended 30 June 2018. Dated this 26 day of September 2018 K C Somes Chairman Auditor’s Independence Declaration under Section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 As lead audit partner for the audit of the financial statements of Great Western Exploration Limited for the financial year ended 30 June 2018, I declare that to the best of my knowledge and belief, there have been no contraventions of: the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. Yours faithfully BENTLEYS Chartered Accountants DOUG BELL CA Partner Dated at Perth this 26th day of September 2018 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2017 || 63 Independent Auditor's Report To the Members of Great Western Exploration Limited Report on the Audit of the Financial Report Opinion We have audited the financial report of Great Western Exploration Limited (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries (“the Group”), which comprises the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2018, the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies, and the directors’ declaration. In our opinion: a. the accompanying financial report of the Group is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: (i) (ii) giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 30 June 2018 and of its financial performance for the year then ended; and complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001. b. the financial report also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in Note 1. Basis for Opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Those standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report is free from material misstatement. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Independent Auditor’s Report To the Members of Great Western Exploration Limited (Continued) Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern We draw attention to Note 1(a) in the financial report, which indicates that the Group incurred a net loss of $1,069,292 during the year ended 30 June 2018. As stated in Note 1(a), these events or conditions, along with other matters as set forth in Note 1(a), indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. Key Audit Matters Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial report of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. Key Audit Matter How our audit addressed the key audit matter Mineral Exploration Expenditure As disclosed in note 12 to the financial statements, as at 30 June 2018, the Group’s capitalised mineral exploration expenditure was carried at $8,207,648. The recognition and recoverability of the mineral exploration expenditure was considered a key audit matter due to: The carrying value of mineral exploration expenditure represents a significant asset of the Group, we considered it necessary to assess whether facts and circumstances existed to suggest the carrying amount of this asset may exceed the recoverable amount; and Determining whether impairment indicators exist involves significant judgement by management. Our audit procedures included but were not limited to: Assessing management’s determination of its areas of interest for consistency with the definition in AASB 6 Exploration and Evaluation of Mineral Resources (“AASB 6”); Assessing the Group’s rights to tenure for a sample of tenements; Testing the Group’s additions to mineral exploration expenditure for the year by evaluating a sample of recorded expenditure for consistency to underlying records, the capitalisation requirements of the Group’s accounting policy and the requirements of AASB 6; By testing the status of the Group’s tenure and planned future activities, reading board minutes and discussions with management we assessed each area of interest for one or more of the following circumstances that may indicate impairment of the mineral exploration expenditure: The licenses for the rights to explore expiring in the near future or are not expected to be renewed; Substantive expenditure for further exploration in the area of interest is not budgeted or planned; GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 65 AUDITOR’S REPORTIndependent Auditor’s Report To the Members of Great Western Exploration Limited (Continued) Independent Auditor’s Report To the Members of Great Western Exploration Limited (Continued) Key Audit Matter How our audit addressed the key audit matter Decision or intent by the Group to discontinue activities in the specific area of interest due to lack of commercially viable quantities of resources; and Data indicating that, although a development in the specific area is likely to proceed, the carrying amount of the exploration asset is unlikely to be recorded in full from successful development or sale. We also assessed the appropriateness of the related disclosures in note 12 to the financial statements. Other Information The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Group’s annual report for the year ended 30 June 2018, but does not include the financial report and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and accordingly we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial report or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. Responsibilities of the Directors for the Financial Report The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In Note 1, the directors also state in accordance with Australian Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that the financial report complies with International Financial Reporting Standards. In preparing the financial report, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial report based on our audit. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of this financial report. As part of an audit in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also: Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial report, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the directors. Conclude on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial report or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial report, including the disclosures, and whether the financial report represents the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. We communicate with the directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. We also provide the directors with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 67 AUDITOR’S REPORTIndependent Auditor’s Report To the Members of Great Western Exploration Limited (Continued) From the matters communicated with the directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial report of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. Report on the Remuneration Report We have audited the Remuneration Report included in the directors’ report for the year ended 30 June 2018. The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the remuneration report in accordance with s 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the remuneration report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Auditor’s Opinion In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Great Western Exploration Limited, for the year ended 30 June 2018, complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. BENTLEYS Chartered Accountants DOUG BELL CA Partner Dated at Perth this 26th day of September 2018 1. SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION 1.1 VOTING RIGHTS In accordance with the Company’s constitution, on a show of hands every member present in person or by proxy or attorney or duly authorised representative has one vote. On a poll every member present in person or by proxy or attorney or duly authorised representative has one vote for every fully paid ordinary share held 1.2 SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS (AND ASSOCIATES) AS AT 20 September 2018 Shareholder Mrs Jane Elizabeth Somes & Ms Amy Jane Somes 1.3 DISTRIBUTION OF HOLDERS AS AT 20 September 2018 Shareholder Number of Holders Distribution is: 1 – 1000 1001 – 5,000 5001 – 10,000 10,001 – 100,000 100,001 – and over ` No. of Shares 60,369,658 Fully Paid Ordinary Shares 1,667 234 155 131 600 547 1,667 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 69 AUDITOR’S REPORT 1.4 TOP TWENTY HOLDERS: (a) Ordinary Shares The names of the twenty largest ordinary fully paid shareholders as at 20 September 2018 are as follows: Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 HOLDREY PTY LTD MR IAN KERR MRS JANE ELIZABETH SOMES & MS AMY JANE SOMES SUNDEN PTY LTD CITICORP NOMINEES PTY LIMITED DIVERSIFIED ASSET HOLDINGS PTY LTD DILKARA NOMINEES PTY LTD COVENTINA HOLDINGS PTY LTD HSBC CUSTODY NOMINEES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED 10 BAM NR1 PTY LTD 11 MERRITS PTY LTD 12 MR JORDAN ASHTON LUCKETT 13 MR JOHN MORAN 14 MR KEVIN CLARENCE SOMES & MR JOHN COOKE 15 E&M LIMITED 16 OSIRIS CAPITAL INVESTMENTS PTY LTD 17 SORIA NOMINEES PTY LTD 18 MR PETER HOWELLS 19 MR JORDAN LUCKETT 20 BAINPRO NOMINEES PTY LIMITED 2. SCHEDULE OF MINERAL TENEMENTS Details of Mineral Tenements are disclosed in the Review of Exploration Activities. % 4.29 3.26 3.24 3.06 2.76 2.72 2.18 1.98 1.95 1.71 1.63 2.05 1.49 1.37 1.30 1.09 1.09 1.04 0.97 0.91 No. of Shares 39,478,956 30,000,000 29,822,364 28,166,667 25,357,852 25,000,000 20,100,000 18,177,264 17,952,389 15,759,841 15,000,000 14,445,000 13,717,236 12,618,187 12,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 9,600,000 8,962,500 8,371,000 39.61 364,529,256 GREAT WESTERN EXPLORATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018 || 71 ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONTELEPHONE (08) 6311 2852 ADDRESS 6 Outram Street West Perth WA 6005 Australia greatwesternexploration.com.au ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

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