Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Residential Construction / Green Brick Partners

Green Brick Partners

grbk · NASDAQ Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker grbk
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Residential Construction
Employees 51-200
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FY2021 Annual Report · Green Brick Partners
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2021
A N N UA L 
R E P O R T

Fo r w a rd   Lo o k i n g  St a t e m e n t s

This annual report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995. These statements concern expectations, beliefs, projections, 
plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts and typically include the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “consider,” 
“estimate,” “expect,” “feel,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “seek,” “strategy,” “target,” “will” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements in this press release include statements 
regarding (i) our belief that land position and back-log will position us to grow our business and the impact of our land position on our future financial results, (ii) our belief that our debt 
infrastructure will allow us to continue reward investors with superior risk-adjusted returns, (iii) our belief that our HOME principles will contribute to our long-term growth and our intent 
to continue to hire employees that embrace these characteristics and principles, (iv) our goal to build homes sustainably and responsibly, (v) our strategy for growth, including focusing 
on the growth of our Trophy Brand and the diversification of our product offering, and the potential impact on our future results and (vi) our expectations for our new Austin operations. 
These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and involve estimates and assumptions which may be affected by risks and uncertainties in our business, 
as well as other external factors, which could cause future results to materially differ from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement. These risks include, but are not 
limited to: (1) general economic conditions, seasonality, cyclicality and competition in the homebuilding industry; (2) changes in macroeconomic conditions, including interest rates and 
unemployment rates, that could adversely impact demand for new homes or the ability of potential buyers to qualify; (3) shortages, delays or increased costs of raw materials and increased 
demand for materials, or increases in other operating costs, including costs related to labor, real estate taxes and insurance, which in each case exceed our ability to increase prices; (4) 
a shortage of labor; (5) an inability to acquire land in our markets at anticipated prices or difficulty in obtaining land-use entitlements, including in our new Austin market; (6) our inability 
to successfully execute our strategies, including an inability to grow our operations, including expansion of our Trophy brand in the Dallas-Fort Worth and Austin markets; (7) a failure to 
recruit, retain or develop highly skilled and competent employees; (8) government regulation risks; (9) a lack of availability or volatility of mortgage financing or a rise in interest rates; (10) 
severe weather events or natural disasters; (11) difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital to fund our growth; (12) our ability to meet our debt service obligations; (13) a decline in the value 
of our inventories and resulting write-downs of the carrying value of our real estate assets; (14) changes in accounting standards that adversely affect our reported earnings or financial 
condition and (15) our ability to implement our Austin strategy. For a more detailed discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to Green Brick please see our most 
recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Cover image: Trophy Signature Homes | Buffalo Ridge - Waxahachie, Texas  |  Top image: Trophy Signature Homes | Creekside - Royse City, TX

Ta b l e   o f C o n t e n t s

Le t t e r  Fro m   t h e   C EO   &   C h a i r m a n
Le t t e r  Fro m   t h e   C EO   &   C h a i r m a n

A b o u t   Us
A b o u t   Us

O u r  C u l t u re   &  Va l u e s
O u r  C u l t u re   &  Va l u e s

En v i ro n m e n t a l ,   S o c i a l ,   &   G ove r n a n c e
En v i ro n m e n t a l ,   S o c i a l ,   &   G ove r n a n c e

F i n a n c i a l   H i g h l i g h t s
F i n a n c i a l   H i g h l i g h t s

2 4 - Q u a r t e r  F i n a n c i a l   Su m m a r y
2 4 - Q u a r t e r  F i n a n c i a l   Su m m a r y

O u r  Bra n d s   &   S e r v i c e s
O u r  Bra n d s   &   S e r v i c e s

L a n d   D e ve l o p m e n t
L a n d   D e ve l o p m e n t

A p p e n d i x   &   No n - G A A P  Re c o n c i l i a t i o n
A p p e n d i x   &   No n - G A A P  Re c o n c i l i a t i o n

Op e r a t i n g   Re s u l t s   &   Fo r m   1 0 - K
Op e r a t i n g   Re s u l t s   &   Fo r m   1 0 - K

0 40 4

0 50 5

0 60 6

0 70 7

1 41 4

1 81 8

2 22 2

3 73 7

3 83 8

4 04 0

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Ed g e s t o n e   a t   Le g a c y  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Ed g e s t o n e   a t   Le g a c y  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
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Sh a re h o l d e r  Le t t e r
James Brickman, Co-Founder & CEO and David Einhorn, Co-Founder & Chairman

Another Record Year
2021 was another very successful year. Normally, our business is limited by finding 
sufficient demand from qualified purchasers. 2021 marked a year where we were 
instead limited by our ability to complete homes. There were widespread shortages 
of material and labor. Even so, our builders met the challenges posed and produced 
record  revenues  of  $1.4  billion,  up  44%,  record  pretax  income  attributable  to 
GRBK of $243 million, up 75%, and record diluted earnings per share of $3.72 - a 
significant 66% increase from 2020. 

This  is  the  seventh  consecutive  record-breaking  year  for  Green  Brick  Partners, 
which  earned  us  significant  media  attention,  including  a  spot  in  the  top  50  of 
Forbes’ 2022 America’s Best Small Companies list. We are pleased to report that 
our net income return on average shareholder equity was 25.9%.

As we look ahead in to 2022 and beyond, our future continues to look bright. We 
entered 2022 with 2,278 homes under construction, up 28% from 2020, and a 
year-ending backlog of $870 million, up 27% over 2020. Even more importantly, 
we positioned the company for growth over an extended period of time by almost 
doubling our position of controlled lots, at what we believe to be advantageous 
prices.

Risk and Capital Discipline
In December 2021, we closed a $100 million tranche of 8-year privately placed 
unsecured notes in a club deal structured by Prudential Capital at a 3.25% interest 
rate bringing our total long-term notes payable to $337.5 million. The institutional 
investors who purchased the notes were represented by Prudential Capital, Barings 
LLC,  Hartford  Investment  Management  Company,  Securian  Asset  Management 
Co. Inc., and Voya Investment Management Co. LLC.

By year-end, we also expanded our unsecured bank revolving line of credit facility 
to $300 million, adding four new lenders. 

Our year ending 27.7% debt to total capital makes us one of the lowest-leveraged 
public builders. Best of all, we were able to keep this low leverage despite buying 
land  that  increased  our  lot  position  to  28,621  owned  and  controlled  lots,  an 
increase of 98%. We believe these lots will set the stage for our future growth.

To  lower  our  cost  of  capital  and  to  fund  our  expansion  into  other  markets with 
permanent long-term capital in advance of rising interest rates, we also issued $50 
million of preferred equity that pays a 5.75% dividend.

We believe that securing long-term, low-cost debt and preferred equity in a rising 
interest  rate  environment  combined  with  our  industry-leading  margins  should 
enable us to continue to reward investors with superior risk-adjusted returns. 

Subsidiary Homebuilder Brands
Our focus is to expand all our brands but scale our business in earnest by growing 
Trophy  Signature  Homes.  In  2021,  Trophy  started  1,281  homes,  up  53%  from 
2020. In February 2022, we announced Trophy’s expansion into the Austin, Texas 
market with the acquisition of land that we plan to develop into 850+ homesites. 
Construction of the homes is currently slated to start by early 2023. 

We  continue  to  support  our  eight  subsidiary  brands  in  five  markets  through 
centralized  operating  systems  that  give  us  a  granular view  of  every  home,  each 
neighborhood, and the broad spectrum of local market conditions. We believe that 
each  of  our  homebuilder  brands  holds  a  strategic  advantage  and  differentiated 
strategy in its local markets which provides us a diversified income stream and wide 
product mix.

HOME builds a better company
Though each of our subsidiary builders is locally branded and managed, and unique 
in  what  they  do  and  what  they  build,  all  our  brands  are  united  by  Green  Brick 
Partners’ common set of values that we call HOME. Honesty, Objectivity, Maturity, 
and Efficiency – the driving principles behind everything that we do.

Looking Ahead
We  are  confident  that,  despite  rising  interest  rates  and  ongoing  supply  chain 
challenges, we are staged for a successful 2022 and beyond because we operate 
in some of the best markets in the country, have a superior lot position and, most 
of all, we have a talented team dedicated to winning day in and day out.

Thank you for being a stakeholder or shareholder. 2021 was a record year - but we 
are driven to make 2022 and beyond even better.

JAMES R. BRICKMAN
CEO and Co-Founder
Green Brick Partners

DAVID EINHORN
Chairman and Co-Founder
Green Brick Partners

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A b o u t  G re e n   Br i c k   Pa r t n e r s

About Us
Green Brick Partners, Inc. is Fortune Magazine’s 2021 fastest growing public homebuilder 
and land developer in the country. We are publicly-traded on the New York Stock Exchange 
under the ticker symbol “GRBK”.

Green  Brick  encompasses  eight  homebuilder  brands  in  five  major  markets  across  four 
states. We are founded on the belief that locally-focused land development is the starting 
point  for  a  builders’  profitability,  and  that  both  homebuilding  and  land  development  are 
best  executed  on  a  local,  decentralized  basis  using  company-wide  standardized  systems 
and controls.

Green  Brick  Partners  is  committed  to  building  strong  communities  designed  for  an 
exceptional quality of life. We believe that a company’s propensity for success is determined 
by  choosing  to  do  the  right  thing  day  after  day,  for  our  homebuyers,  shareholders,  and 
employees. 

This begins by following our guiding principles, a set of values we call HOME. This acronym, 
representing Honesty, Objectivity, Maturity, and Efficiency allows us to build and design 
homes with a focus on quality craftsmanship, superior customer service, and an ongoing 
commitment to transparency.

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G re e n   Br i c k   Pa r t n e r s  C u l t u re  a n d  Va l u e s

O u r  C u l t u re

We are founded on the belief that locally-focused land development is the starting point 
for  a  builder’s  profitability  and  that  both  homebuilding  and  land  development  are  best 
executed on a decentralized basis. To truly succeed, a builder/developer needs a track record 
of creating award-winning neighborhoods and decades of building superior local,  political, 
and  subcontractor  relationships.  Green  Brick  and  our  group  of  subsidiary  homebuilder 
brands have outstanding local relationships in land development and have been recognized 
by homebuyers and our industry for our award-winning neighborhoods and homes.

These  steps  help  ensure  builder  success  and  increase  returns.  We  seek  to  differentiate 
ourselves with low leverage and a strong capital base which we deploy with discipline. 

At the same time, we create value and strengthen our brands through our GRBK-managed 
standardized financial and integrated operating system. This system allows comprehensive 
visibility that enables our homebuilders to grow their business with access to timely data.

Our subsidiary homebuilders’ management teams have typically worked decades to build 
their  reputations,  establish  brand  recognition,  and  cultivate  critical  realtor  and  customer 
relationships. We work tirelessly to preserve each builder’s unique local branding, and make 
every effort to retain key employees. 

We  make  a  point  not  to  run  our  business  like  many  of  our  public  peers, where  success 
is  measured  by  short-term  quarterly  GAAP  results  that  can  distort  the  true  value  and 
economic  results  of  the  business.  We  believe  this  often  causes  issues  including  huge 
employee  turnover  at  the  division  level,  lower  customer  satisfaction,  and  lower  realized 
returns in the long run. Much of our success can be attributed to this “long view” approach.

O u r  Va l u e s

Green  Brick  Partners  is  committed  to  building  strong  communities  designed  for  an 
exceptional quality of life. We believe that a company’s propensity for success is determined 
by  choosing  to  do  the  right  thing  day  after  day,  for  our  homebuyers,  shareholders,  and 
employees.

This begins by following our guiding principles, a set of values we call HOME. This acronym, 
representing Honesty, Objectivity, Maturity, and Efficiency, allows us to build and design 
homes with a focus on quality craftsmanship, superior customer service, and an ongoing 
commitment to transparency.

H

O

M

E

Honesty

Objectivity

Maturity

Efficiency

We believe strong businesses are built on 
a  foundation  of  honesty,  transparency, 
and  integrity.  We  strive  to  treat  our 
customers,  employees,  and  shareholders 
like  we  would  like  to  be  treated.  In  our 
day-to-day  operations,  this  translates 
to  open-door  policies,  an  emphasis  on 
relationship  building,  and  continuously 
maintaining open lines of communication.

Objectivity drives  our business  practices, 
and  our  decisions  are  always  made  on 
the  best  practices  and  market-driven 
information available. While our leadership 
team’s ability to objectively manage in the 
best  interest  of  the  company  is  integral, 
we  believe  objectivity  and  ownership  of 
one’s work should be stressed at all levels 
of our organization.

The  emotional  intelligence  of  our  staff 
is  critical  to  our  success.  In  order  to 
accomplish our common goals, we must be 
solution-driven and view every challenge 
as an opportunity. Emotionally intelligent 
employees  see  the  bigger  picture  and 
strive  each  day  to  work  collaboratively 
toward a shared story of success.

Efficiency is the end result of competent, 
hard-working  people  who  perform  with 
a  competitive  spirit  to  produce  rapid 
and  consistent  results.  We  continually 
evaluate  our  processes  and  systems  to 
ensure that we remain the most efficient 
in our industry and provide our employees 
the resources needed to work smarter.

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En v i ro n m e n t a l ,   S o c i a l , 
&   G ove r n a n c e  C o m m i t m e n t s

O u r  Pe o p l e   F i r s t  A p p ro a c h

Attracting, retaining, and building talent is critical in our business. We continue to recruit 
talented team members that exhibit superior emotional intelligence. This focus on a staff 
that places a strong emphasis on communication and navigates fast-paced environments 
empathetically and judiciously enables us to operate effectively and efficiently each day. 

We seek to establish a supportive culture that fosters a strong sense of ownership and 
a continuous drive to excel. Our goal is to not just empower our team members with the 
tools needed to succeed, but to create a community that focuses on taking ownership of 
one’s work. Our culture celebrates individual success, primes our employees for growth, 
and is critical in maintaining our competitive edge over our peers.

Each December one or two individuals that truly embody Green Brick Partners’ values of 
HOME are selected to be recipients of the Brett Winters Award. They are awarded the 
Brett Winters trophy and $10,000. 

The award honors Brett Winters, a great CFO for CB JENI and Normandy Homes, who 
helped  grow  the  brand  to  one  of  the  largest  townhome  builders  in  Dallas-Fort  Worth. 
Though Brett passed away a few years ago from cancer, he will always be remembered 
as  an  incredible  man  and  dedicated  father  to  his  three  children.  In  Q1  2021,  CB JENI 
and Normandy Homes fully funded a college endowment for Brett’s three children in the 
amount of $250,000. We intend to continue this honored tradition and seek to continue 
Brett’s legacy of excellence for many years to come.

Sp o t l i g h t :   O p e r a t i o n   F I N A L LY  H O M E

Operation  FINALLY  HOME  provides  mortgage-free  homes  and  home  modifications  to 
wounded, ill, and injured military veterans, first responders, and widows of the fallen and 
their families in honor of their service and sacrifice to country and community. Operation 
FINALLY  HOME  partners  with  corporate  sponsors,  builder  associations,  builders, 
remodelers, developers, individual contributors and volunteers to help these heroes and 
their families by addressing one of their most pressing needs – a place to call home.

In 2021, Operation FINALLY HOME teamed with Trophy Signature Homes, Green Brick 
Partners,  and  MA  Partners  to  surprise  U.S. Army  Specialist John  Endsley  and  his  family 
with a new mortgage-free home in honor of his sacrifice to his country.  

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Su s t a i n a b l e  D eve l o p m e n t s  

We strive to make the world a better place for not just our homebuyers, but the communities where we live, work, and build. With that in mind, 
we understand that this duty is inseparably intertwined with a need to build sustainably and responsibly. Every community we develop and build 
in is an opportunity to showcase our efficiency and commitment to reducing our environmental footprint.

Ke y s   t o   Bu i l d i n g  a   B e t t e r  Ho m e

As one of the fastest growing developers and homebuilders in the country, we take very seriously our responsibility to grow in a sustainable way 
that minimizes our impact on the environment. In 2021, we debuted our inaugural environmental impact report and defined our three keys to 
building a better home which include:

Responsible Land Development

From  site  selection  to  design  and  development,  our  land  strategy  is  rooted  in  responsibility.  We  conduct  rigorous 
environmental  impact  studies  and  develop  each  neighborhood with  sustainability  in  mind. This  includes  implementing 
stormwater management measures, earthwork strategies to minimize slope and soil disturbance, and making all efforts to 
rehome wildlife and protect the natural landscape. 

Sustainable Homeownership

We strive to continuously improve the energy performance of our homes as we believe it is the most significant way we can 
contribute to reducing carbon emissions. In 2021, we made significant progress in having many of our homes benchmarked 
against the Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Index. We believe doing so will empower our purchasing and construction 
teams with the knowledge required to exceed expectations. In 2022, we intend to continue expanding on this commitment 
and growing our library of HERS-rated homes. 

Waste Reduction Practices

In  2021,  we  sought  to  implement  strategies  that  would  increase  our  operational  efficiencies  and  minimize  waste  and 
our impact on the environment. Our teams are consistently challenged to optimize our plan library and identify the most 
efficient  ways  to  build  our  homes. This  results  in  homes  that  produce  less  material  waste  and  provide  significant  cost 
savings for our homebuyers. 

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Green Brick Partners is 
committed to creating value 
for our buyers, employees, 

and shareholders. We 

believe a fundamental 

component of creating 

value is delivering quality 

communities that are built 

responsibly with best-

in-class resources. This 
means doing things right 
from the very beginning 
when we select a site for 

development, to the day we 

proudly hand our buyers the 

keys to their new home.

* In select plans and communities.

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En e rg y  Fo c u s e d  Ho m e s

In addition to constructing homes with best-in-class materials, our homeowners benefit from many energy-conscious features that result in both significant savings and healthier living. 

We partner with some of the most reputable manufacturers of cutting-edge, energy-efficient products to give our homebuyers a quality home that will not only stand the test of time, 
but deliver significant savings for years to come. Some of our energy-conscious features include:

H i g h   Ef f i c i e n c y
Co n s t r u c t i o n 

En e rg y  Ef f i c i e n t
L i g h t i n g

St re a m l i n e d 
Co n s t r u c t i o n
A p p ro a c h

We focus on advanced 
construction techniques and 
value engineering at scale, often 
utilizing pre-fabricated trusses 
and pre-cut lumber to lower 
construction costs, reduce 
build times, and 
minimize waste.

Many of our homes feature 
fully encapsulated spray foam 
insulation, tankless water heaters, 
and low flow fixtures. 100% of 
our homes across all of our brands 
utilize double pane Low-E 
insulated windows. Our homes 
are air-tight and provide a 
cleaner indoor air 
environment.

75%

Less energy is used by 
LED lights than through 
traditional incandescent 
lighting.

40%

Spray foam insulation is 
critical to create climate 
sealed homes and can 
reduce a home’s energy 
loss by 40%.**

100% of our homes utilize LED 
lighting because in addition to 
lasting longer and being more 
durable, they offer better light 
quality than other types of lighting. 
LEDs use at least 75% less 
energy, and last up to 25 
times longer than 
incandescent lighting.*

2,000

Gallons of water are saved 
over the lifetime of our 
energy-star rated 
dishwashers***

En e rg y  St a r
A p p l i a n c e s
Energy efficient appliances 
reduce energy use without 
sacrificing performance, and are 
included at no additional cost in 
many homes. These appliances 
conserve water, significantly 
reduce greenhouse 
gas emissions, and help in 
reducing our carbon 
footprint.

* https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/energy-saver
** https://www.americanchemistry.com/chemistry-in-america/news-trends/blog-post/2019/why-spray-foam-why-it-makes-sense
***https://www.howards.com/blog/energy-star-appliance-savings/

Na t i o n a l  Pa r t n e r s

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S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

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C o r p o r a t e  G ove r n a n c e

E S G  O ve r s i g h t
Our values of HOME – Honesty, Objectivity, Maturity, and Efficiency – are intimately linked to our 
outlook on operating responsibly. We believe that through our values we are able to maintain policies 
and  procedures  that  support  ethical  business  practices,  sound  governance,  and  adherence  to  all 
regulatory requirements that result in promoting our shareholder, employee, and community interests.

We are committed to operating our Company with integrity and the highest ethical standards and 
have  implemented  comprehensive  governance  structures  and  practices  that  meet  or  exceed  the 
requirements of applicable laws, regulations, and rules, including the NYSE’s listing standards.

As part of our corporate commitment to our Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) initiatives, 
our Board of Directors has expanded the scope of oversight on these areas and our Governance and 
Sustainability Committee will guide our ESG efforts going forward.

Bu s i n e s s  Et h i c s
Ethics  is  the  core  of  our  business. We  believe  that  in  order  to  succeed, we  have  an  obligation  to 
operate honestly, efficiently, and fairly towards our buyers, shareholders, and team. 

Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applies to our directors, executive officers, contractors, 
and employees  to address compliance with applicable laws, conflicts of interest, use and protection 
of Company assets, confidentiality, fair dealing, discrimination, harassment, and health and safety.

B o a rd  D i ve r s i t y
Green  Brick  Partners’  board  of  directors  is  led  by  Chairman,  David  Einhorn. The  Governance  and 
Sustainability Committee of the Board is responsible for reviewing on a regular basis the requisite 
skills  and  characteristics  of  Board  members,  as  well  as  the  composition  of  the  Board  as  a  whole. 
This includes ensuring there are backgrounds that provide a diverse portfolio of experiences, skills, 
and knowledge commensurate with the Company’s needs that address the Company’s principles of 
diversity, including diversity of gender and ethnicity.

Green Brick’s board committees are comprised of only independent directors that are elected annually. 
As  a  publicly-traded  company,  we  follow  a  rigorous  set  of  best  practices,  including  conducting 
executive sessions of independent directors, outlining our director resignation policy in uncontested 
elections, and taking pride in following transparent stock ownership guidelines. 

We respect the value that diverse life experiences bring to our team, from part time associates all the 
way to our board of directors. Our board is composed 29% of women, and we are proud to boast that 
66% of board committees are chaired by women.

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

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B o a rd   o f D i re c t o r s

David Einhorn, Chairman
Mr. Einhorn is the co-founder of Green Brick Partners and has served as Chairman of the Board since 2014. Since July 2004, Mr. Einhorn has served as 
Chairman of the Board of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (Nasdaq: GLRE) and has served as President of Greenlight Capital, Inc., since January 1996. Funds 
managed by Greenlight are some of our principal stockholders. Mr. Einhorn received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government from Cornell University.

Harry Brandler
Before  retiring,  Mr.  Brandler  served  as  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Greenlight  Capital,  Inc.  from  December  2001  to  January  2019.  Prior  to  joining 
Greenlight Capital, Inc., from 2000 to 2001, Mr. Brandler served as Chief Financial Officer of Wheatley Partners, a venture capital firm, where he oversaw 
the firm’s back office operations and restructured the  firm’s marketing,  client relations and technology. From 1996 to 2000, Mr. Brandler served as a 
Manager at Goldstein, Golub & Kessler, where he provided audit, tax and consulting services to investment partnerships and other financial organizations 
and where he was promoted to Manager in January 1999.  Mr. Brandler received a B.S. in Accounting from New York University in 1993. Mr. Brandler was 
admitted as a Certified Public Accountant in New York in 1996.

Elizabeth K. Blake
Before retiring, Ms. Blake served as Senior Vice President — Advocacy, Government Affairs & General Counsel of Habitat For Humanity International Inc. 
from 2006 to 2014. Ms. Blake served on the Board of Patina Oil & Gas Corporation from 1998 through its sale to Noble Energy in 2005. From March 2003 
to 2005, Ms. Blake was the Executive Vice President — Corporate Affairs, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary for US Airways Group, Inc. From April 
2002 through December 2002, Ms. Blake served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Trizec Properties, Inc., a public real estate investment 
trust. Ms. Blake served as Vice President and General Counsel of General Electric Power Systems from 1998 to 2002. From 1996 to 1998, Ms. Blake 
served as Vice President and Chief of Staff of Cinergy Corp. Ms. Blake was with the law firm of Frost & Jacobs from 1982 and a partner from 1984 to 1996. 
From 1977 to 1982, she was with the law firm of Davis Polk & Wardwell in New York. She is past Chair of the Ohio Board of Regents. Ms. Blake received 
a Bachelor of Arts degree with honors from Smith College and her Juris Doctor from Columbia Law School, where she was a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar.

Richard Press
Before retiring, Mr. Press was a Senior Vice President at Wellington Management from 1994 to 2006, where he started and built the firm’s insurance asset 
management practice. Prior to that, Mr. Press was a Senior Vice President of Stein Roe & Farnham from 1982 to 1994 and Scudder Stevens and Clark from 
1964 to 1982. Mr. Press sat on various committees of the Controlled Risk Insurance Company of The Harvard Risk Management Foundation from 2006 to 
2017. Previously, Mr. Press was Chairman of the Board of Anaesthesia Associates of Massachusetts, and served as a board member and chairman of each 
of Transatlantic Holdings (NYSE: TRH) from August 2006 to March 2012 and Pomeroy IT Solutions (NASDAQ: PMRY) from July 2007 to November 2009. 
He served as a board member of the Housing Authority Insurance Group from 2008 to 2015. He was a founding member of the Board of Governors and 
the Advisory Board of the National Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center, Stony Brook University and Medical School, New York (2001 – 2013). He is currently 
a director of Millwall Holdings PLC and Millwall Football Club. Mr. Press earned a B.A. from Brown University in 1960; and after serving in the US Army, 
he received his M.B.A. from Harvard Business School in 1964.

12

13

Kathleen Olsen
Since 2011, Ms. Olsen has been a private investor. From 1999 through 2011, Ms. Olsen 
served  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Eminence  Capital,  LLC,  a  long/short  global  equity 
fund. From 1993 to 1999, Ms. Olsen served as audit manager, specializing in investment 
partnerships,  at  Anchin,  Block  &  Anchin  LLP,  a  public  accounting  firm  located  in  New 
York City. Ms. Olsen received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the State 
University of New York at Albany. Ms. Olsen is a Certified Public Accountant and a member 
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and New York State Society of 
Certified Public Accountants.

John R. Farris
Since 2007, Mr. Farris has been the President of LandFund Partners, LLC and President 
of Commonwealth Economics, LLC. From 2008 to 2012, Mr. Farris served as an adjunct 
Professor of Economics and Finance at Centre College in Danville, Kentucky. Prior to forming 
LandFund Partners and Commonwealth Economics, LLC, from 2006 to 2007, Mr. Farris 
served  as  Secretary  of  the  Finance  and Administration  Cabinet  for  the  Commonwealth 
of  Kentucky.  He  previously  served  on  the  board  of  directors  for  Farmers  Capital  Bank 
Corporation from 2010 to 2016. Mr. Farris received a B.S. from Centre College in 1995 
and a M.P.A. from Princeton University in 1999.

James R. Brickman
Mr.  Brickman  is  the  co-founder  of  Green  Brick  Partners  and  has  served  as  our  Chief 
Executive  Officer  since  2014.  Previously,  Mr.  Brickman  was  the  founding  manager  and 
advisor of each of JBGL Capital LP since 2008 and JBGL Builder Finance LLC since 2010 
(collectively “JBGL”), and became our Chief Executive Officer following our acquisition of 
JBGL in 2014. Prior to forming JBGL, Mr. Brickman was a manager of various joint ventures 
and limited partnerships that developed/built low and highrise office buildings, multifamily 
and  condominium  homes,  single-family  homes,  entitled  land  and  supervised  a  property 
management  company.  He  previously  also  served  as  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer of Princeton Homes Ltd. and Princeton Realty Corporation that developed land, 
constructed single family custom homes and managed apartments it built. Mr. Brickman 
has over 40 years’ experience in nearly all phases of real estate construction, development 
and  real  estate  finance  property  management.  He  received  a  B.B.A.  and  M.B.A.  from 
Southern Methodist University.

C o m m i t t e e  Me m b e r s

All Green Brick Partners committee members are independent directors.

Audit Committee - Kathleen Olsen (Chair), John R. Farris, and Richard Press
Compensation Committee -  Richard Press (Chair), Kathleen Olsen, and Elizabeth K. Blake
Governance & Sustainability Committee - Elizabeth K. Blake (Chair), Kathleen Olsen, and John R. Farris

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |  V i r i d i a n   -  A r l i n g t o n ,  T X 
C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |  V i r i d i a n   -  A r l i n g t o n ,  T X 

13
13

“In 2021, we  increased our 
lots owned and controlled 
by 98% year-over-year , far 
exceeding any of our peers. 
In 2022, excluding capital 
invested buying land and 
finished lots,  we intend to 
spend approximately $285 
million developing lots, 
with the goal of delivering 
over 4,700 finished 
homesites  to our subsidiary 
homebuilders across 43 
communities throughout 
2022.”

 - Jim Brickman
CEO and Co-Founder
Green Brick Partners

14
14

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Up t o w n   C ro s s i n g s   -  A l l e n ,  T X 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Up t o w n   C ro s s i n g s   -  A l l e n ,  T X 

Ye a r- O ve r-Ye a r  F i n a n c i a l  H i g h l i g h t s

28,621

26.4%

14,468

24.2%

2020

2021

2020

2021

Lots Owned And Controlled

Homebuilder Gross Margin Percentage

13.0%

7.7%

$460.7

$418.4

2020

2021

2020

2021

Cancellation Rate

Average Sales Price of Homes Delivered 
(in thousands)

14

15

Ye a r Af t e r Ye a r  o f Re c o rd - Bre a k i n g  Pe r fo r m a n c e

$1,402.9

$242.8

$976.0

$138.7

$3.72

$2.24

$791.7

$623.6

$458.3

$391.0

$298.8

$78.4

$68.6

$53.9

$39.0

$24.4

$1.16

$1.02

$0.68

$0.49

$0.38

2015

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2021

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2021

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2021

Total revenue (in millions)

Pre-Tax Income Attributable 
To GRBK (in millions)

Diluted Earnings Per Share *

*2017 Diluted EPS has been normalized to adjust for the impact of the Tax Act. See appendix.

16
16

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X 

17

28,621

$16.3

$12.6

$10.4

$9.3

$8.2

$7.9

$7.4

14,468

8,976

8,078

6,219

4,734

5,189

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2021

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2021

Book Value Per Share

Lots Owned And Controlled

Our strong results this past year 

are the culmination of meticulous 

planning and hard work by everyone 

on our team. Despite our success, 

we remain focused on maintaining 
a disciplined approach to investing 
capital and enhancing the long-

term value of the company for our 

shareholders and the communities 

in which we operate.

16

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X 
17
17

G re e n   Br i c k   Pa r t n e r s   2 4   Q u a r t e r   F i n a n c i a l   S u m m a r y ( 4 )

Summary Consolidated Statement of Income Data for Quarter Ended

December 31, 2021

September 30, 2021

June 30, 2021

March 31, 2021

Total revenues

 $452,251 

 $342,340 

 $373,806 

 $234,479 

Net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Income tax provision attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Pre-tax income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.(2)

Diluted EPS

Diluted weighted-average number of shares outstanding

 $63,471 

 $15,510 

 $78,981 

 $1.24

 51,104 

 $48,507 

 $13,896 

 $62,403 

 $0.95

 51,079 

 $52,263 

 $15,693 

 $67,956 

 $1.02

 51,064 

 $25,969 

 $7,500 

 $33,469 

 $0.51

 50,993 

Summary Consolidated Balance Sheet Data as of

December 31, 2021

September 30, 2021

June 30, 2021

March 31, 2021

Inventory

Total assets

Borrowings on lines of credit, net

Senior unsecured notes, net

Notes payable

Term loan facility

Total debt

Total liabilities

Total Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

Number of shares outstanding

Total invested capital

Pre-tax return on average invested capital (3)

Home Data for Quarter Ended

New homes delivered

Net new home orders

Home Data as of 

Backlog, units

Backlog, $ in millions

Units under construction

Active selling communities

Lots owned

Lots controlled

Lots owned and controlled

18

 $1,203,743 

 $1,421,867 

 $(738)

 $335,446 

 $210 

 $-   

 $334,918 

 $511,306 

 $874,548 

 $14,146 

 $888,694 

 50,760 

 $1,170,297 

 $1,347,316 

 $122,717 

 $235,737 

 $222 

 $-   

 $358,676 

 $546,689 

 $766,789 

 $16,432 

 $783,221 

 50,760 

 $1,106,141 

 $1,287,136 

 $130,605 

 $235,624 

 $233 

 $-   

 $366,462 

 $537,930 

 $717,389 

 $14,302 

 $731,691 

 50,760 

 $1,209,466 

 $1,125,465 

 $1,083,851 

23.5%

20.7%

19.5%

 $920,890 

 $1,079,916 

 $3,809 

 $235,561 

 $119 

 $-   

 $239,489 

 $387,454 

 $666,131 

 $10,630 

 $676,761 

 50,732 

 $905,620 

17.0%

December 31, 2021

September 30, 2021

June 30, 2021

March 31, 2021

 823 

 476 

 738 

 689 

 757 

 604 

 516 

 1,082 

December 31, 2021

September 30, 2021

June 30, 2021

March 31, 2021

 1,480 

 $869.9 

 2,278 

74

 20,239 

 8,382 

 28,621 

 1,827 

 $1,017.2 

 2,555 

80

 17,129 

 7,225 

 24,354 

 1,876 

 $974.3 

 2,486 

87

 16,327 

 5,024 

 21,351 

 2,029 

 $995.7 

 2,303 

90

 8,565 

 10,374 

 18,939 

December 31, 2020

September 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

September 30, 2019

June 30, 2019

March 31, 2019

$254,100 

$275,821 

$232,833 

$213,267 

$230,122 

$209,404 

$183,506 

$168,628 

29,310

7,656

36,966

 $0.58

 50,967 

34,819

9,968

44,787

 $0.68

 50,876 

33,647

1,348

34,995

 $0.66

 50,692 

15,917

6,038

21,955

 $0.31

 50,646 

15,920

4,959

20,879

 $0.31

 50,619 

15,671

5,743

21,414

 $0.31

 50,597 

14,460

5,216

19,676

 $0.29

 50,724 

12,605

3,794

16,399

 $0.25

 50,605 

December 31, 2020

September 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

September 30, 2019

June 30, 2019

March 31, 2019

$844,635 

$779,360 

$751,121 

$770,628 

$753,567 

$740,799 

$719,878 

$690,817 

988,847

106,687

111,056

2,125

-

219,868

325,895

640,242

9,167

649,409

50,662

860,110

17.1%

944,582

93,489

111,028

2,131

-

206,648

312,059

610,079

8,820

618,899

50,662

816,727

15.7%

910,248

143,875

73,527

4,249

-

221,651

313,818

575,759

8,186

583,945

50,662

797,410

13.0%

975,180

242,758

73,466

-

-

316,224

409,886

542,982

10,900

553,882

50,617

859,206

10.9%

875,539

164,642

73,406

-

-

238,048

325,533

523,168

13,227

536,395

50,488

761,216

11.0%

865,789

164,792

73,358

-

-

238,150

337,087

508,715

7,778

516,493

50,488

746,865

10.6%

832,961

232,657

-

-

-

232,657

321,809

493,470

5,173

498,643

50,696

726,127

10.5%

793,020

206,522

-

-

-

206,522

297,068

480,869

4,788

485,657

50,676

687,391

11.2%

December 31, 2020

September 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

September 30, 2019

June 30, 2019

March 31, 2019

585

848

622

823

553

582

448

632

514

590

443

436

394

453

368

444

December 31, 2020

September 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

September 30, 2019

June 30, 2019

March 31, 2019

1,463

$686.9 

1,780

103

8,920

5,548

14,468

1,200

$553.1 

1,361

100

6,631

5,435

12,066

999

$446.6 

1,273

90

5,870

3,306

9,176

970

$427.3 

1,418

93

6,109

2,575

8,684

786

$346.8 

1,297

95

6,419

2,557

8,976

710

$319.7 

1,306

85

6,414

2,855

9,269

717

$331.3 

1,214

75

6,127

3,050

9,177

658

$307.5 

1,170

79

6,186

2,308

8,494

19

G re e n   Br i c k   Pa r t n e r s   2 4   Q u a r t e r   F i n a n c i a l   S u m m a r y ( 4 )

Summary Consolidated Statement of Income Data for Quarter Ended

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2018

June 30, 2018

March 31, 2018

Total revenues

$185,120 

$152,052 

$157,312 

$129,163 

Net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Income tax provision attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Pre-tax income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.(2)

Diluted EPS

Diluted weighted-average number of shares outstanding

13,354

3,754

17,108

 $0.26

 50,723 

12,197

4,746

16,943

 $0.24

 50,778 

14,869

5,149

20,018

 $0.29

 50,783 

11,203

3,335

14,538

 $0.22

50,718

Summary Consolidated Balance Sheet Data as of

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2018

June 30, 2018

March 31, 2018

Inventory

Total assets

Borrowings on lines of credit, net

Senior unsecured notes, net

Notes payable

Term loan facility

Total debt

Total liabilities

Total Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

Number of shares outstanding

Total invested capital

Pre-tax return on average invested capital (3)

Home Data for Quarter Ended

New homes delivered

Net new home orders

Home Data as of 

Backlog, units

Backlog, $ in millions

Units under construction

Active selling communities

Lots owned

Lots controlled

Lots owned and controlled

20

$668,961 

784,026

200,386

-

-

-

200,386

289,863

468,351

17,281

485,632

50,583

668,737

11.4%

$648,241 

771,016

198,965

-

1,045

-

200,010

292,981

455,686

14,508

470,194

50,720

655,696

11.6%

$581,368 

705,049

166,395

-

1,205

-

167,600

242,845

443,324

12,208

455,532

50,720

610,924

12.1%

$528,881 

641,944

133,752

-

9,914

-

143,666

202,876

428,386

10,682

439,068

50,686

572,052

11.3%

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2018

June 30, 2018

March 31, 2018

382

279

312

297

327

387

267

434

December 31, 2018

September 30, 2018

June 30, 2018

March 31, 2018

582

$264.3 

1,127

76

6,235

1,843

8,078

685

$309.0 

1,113

75

5,429

2,672

8,101

700

$314.2 

988

69

5,248

2,402

7,650

477

$226.5 

760

54

4,816

1,502

6,318

December 31, 2017

September 30, 2017

June 30, 2017

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

September 30, 2016

June 30, 2016

March 31, 2016

$137,424 

$114,342 

$105,750 

$100,734 

$122,004 

$94,032 

$103,394 

$71,556 

10,805

6,356

17,161

 $0.21(1)

 50,681 

9,280

5,336

14,616

 $0.19

 49,892 

7,689

4,349

12,038

 $0.16

 49,123 

6,197

3,855

10,052

 $0.13

 49,017 

7,676

6,001

13,677

 $0.16

 48,930 

6,243

3,624

9,867

 $0.13

48,907

$6,743 

4,213

10,956

 $0.14

48,894

3,094

1,423

4,517

 $0.06

48,814

December 31, 2017

September 30, 2017

June 30, 2017

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

September 30, 2016

June 30, 2016

March 31, 2016

$496,054 

611,003

105,773

-

9,926

-

115,699

177,965

416,347

16,691

433,038

50,599

532,046

10.8%

$478,616 

605,510

94,002

-

10,204

-

104,206

167,265

424,214

14,031

438,245

50,585

528,420

10.1%

$434,938 

553,616

73,293

-

10,213

-

83,506

142,165

399,944

11,507

411,451

49,108

483,450

9.9%

$406,519 

532,681

61,716

-

10,223

-

71,939

126,152

392,096

14,433

406,529

49,070

464,035

9.9%

$410,662 

540,196

74,212

-

10,948

-

85,160

138,711

384,572

16,913

401,485

48,956

469,732

8.8%

$418,356 

553,399

80,785

-

9,713

-

90,498

164,700

376,592

12,107

388,699

48,937

467,090

7.8%

$384,742 

$505,260

$62,874 

-

9,000

-

71,874

122,601

370,206

12,453

382,659

48,937

442,080

6.9%

$378,956 

504,861

66,833

-

9,988

-

76,821

127,543

362,871

14,447

377,318

48,833

439,692

5.7%

December 31, 2017

September 30, 2017

June 30, 2017

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

September 30, 2016

June 30, 2016

March 31, 2016

292

265

235

241

237

270

226

287

275

197

196

204

212

239

161

240

December 31, 2017

September 30, 2017

June 30, 2017

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

September 30, 2016

June 30, 2016

March 31, 2016

310

$151.5 

736

55

4,495

1,724

6,219

337

$164.6 

715

56

4,624

1,073

5,697

331

$165.2 

714

54

4,283

1,111

5,394

298

$145.2 

625

52

4,039

917

4,956

237

$108.0 

564

50

4,235

954

5,189

315

$138.7 

665

49

4,199

870

5,069

307

$140.3 

660

48

3,743

744

4,487

280

$129.2 

541

44

3,736

936

4,672

21

O u r  Bra n d s  a n d   S e r v i c e s *

The Green Brick Partners Subsidiary Homebuilder Brands

The Green Brick Partners subsidiary homebuilder network is composed of seven consolidated homebuilders 
and one homebuilder in which we have a 49.9% ownership interest. Our subsidiary homebuilders are focused 
in major markets including Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, Austin, Texas, and Atlanta, Georgia, as well as in some 
of the fastest-growing markets including the Florida Treasure Coast; Colorado Springs, Colorado; and Fort 
Collins, Colorado.

2021 vs 2020 Closings Mix by Brand

We believe our stratification of products, as shown below by in our brand mix graphs, will continue to appeal 
to  a  broad  base  of  homebuyers  and  expect  that  our  entry  level  segment will  continue  to  rapidly  expand 
through the growth of our Trophy Signature and CB JENI brands. As we go forward, we expect the continued 
expansion of the Trophy brand to establish larger communities with higher absorption rates and unit density.

2020

2021

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pa r k  V i s t a   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pa r k  V i s t a   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
22
22

*Green  Brick  has  a  49.9%  ownership  interest  in  Challenger  Homes.  Revenue  and  home  closings  are  not  included  in  Green  Brick’s 
consolidated  financial  statements.  Income  from  this  investment  is  shown  in  “Equity  in  income  of  unconsolidated  entities”  in  our 
Consolidated Statements of Income.

2021 Closings Volume by Brand

Trophy Signature Homes

CB JENI Homes

Normandy Homes

The Providence Group of Georgia

Southgate Homes

Centre Living Homes

GHO Homes

Challenger Homes*

202

158

76

593

501

251

484

Product Mix by Brand

Geographic Diversity

Single Family

Townhomes

Condominiums

Trophy Signature Homes

CB JENI Homes

Normandy Homes

The Providence Group of Georgia

Southgate Homes

Centre Living Homes

GHO Homes

Challenger Homes

1,053

23

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pa r k  V i s t a   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pa r k  V i s t a   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

22

Tro p hy  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s

Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas & Austin, Texas

Trophy Signature Homes was founded in 2018 to serve the Dallas-Fort Worth market’s need for high quality, affordable homes with a unique 
blend of functionality and design. What sets Trophy Signature Homes apart is their commitment to a truly representative model across all of their 
design series. Each model home regardless of community, plan, and price range proudly displays all of the luxurious features that come standard 
in each home. The typical upgrades from other homebuilders are included in the price of each Trophy Signature Home, allowing for a streamlined, 
no-hassle buying experience.

Early in 2022, we announced that Green Brick will make its debut into the Austin market through Trophy Signature Homes. We purchased 383 
acres of land in Elgin, Texas, 25 miles northeast of Downtown Austin, for the development of our first Austin-area community, Trinity Ranch. We 
plan to commence home construction early 2023.

$472.3 Million

$300,000 to $930,000

1,053

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

24

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a kePo i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a kePo i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X 

25

In 2021, we expanded our 

entry-level Trophy Signature 
Homes brand, with Trophy 
representing 36% of our 
home closings revenue. 
This focus has allowed us 

to create positive SG&A 

leverage by prioritizing 

higher absorption Trophy 

communities with a 

simplified library of plans 

and design packages.

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a kePo i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a kePo i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X 

25
25

“The buying/design process was 
made very easy and seamless. 
I loved my design expert. She 

helped me create a cohesive 

design for my home that matched 

my personality. I love the weekly 

updates during the building 

process and the follow up after 

closing. Monica was fabulous! She 

answered all of my questions and 

I can tell she really cares about 

the residents of this community. 
I loved the communication and 
everything was perfect at the 

time I moved in!”

- Brittany, CB JENI Homes 

Homeowner

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Ma j e s t i c   G a rd e n s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Ma j e s t i c   G a rd e n s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

26
26

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s

Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

Since 2009, CB JENI Homes has proudly built new townhomes in premium Dallas-Fort Worth locations for lifestyle-conscious homebuyers. CB 
JENI Homes was founded to provide new home options for an underserved portion of the market: those looking to buy moderately-sized homes 
(whether first-timers or those moving down) with beautiful architecture, low maintenance and a level of service and professionalism that puts them 
at ease. Over the last ten years, the award-winning brand has grown to become DFW’s largest townhome builder, both in locations and units sold. 

$205.9 Million

$240,000 to $550,000 

593

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Ma j e s t i c   G a rd e n s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Ma j e s t i c   G a rd e n s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

26

27

No r m a n d y  Ho m e s

Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

Since 2012, Normandy Homes has proudly built timeless, new homes for discerning homebuyers. With a commitment to craftsmanship and service, Normandy presents beautiful homes 
anchored in traditional – yet distinctive – design, trusted quality and enduring value. Driven by a rich dedication to its homebuyers, homeowners always come first at Normandy Homes. 
Normandy Homes believes in treating each home as if it were their own, engaging the highest standards of discipline, professionalism and quality. This passion — and commitment to 
continually improve — has allowed the builder to earn more than 20 homebuilding awards.

$105.9 Million

$430,000 to $880,000

202

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |   E s s e x   Pa r k   -   C a r ro l l t o n ,  T X 
No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |   E s s e x   Pa r k   -   C a r ro l l t o n ,  T X 

28

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

As  a  trusted  local  upscale  homebuilder,  Southgate  Homes  is  known  for  homes  built with  distinctive  charm  and  unparalleled  attention  to  detail.  Southgate  Homes  offers  generous 
standard features and upgrade options to individualize every home. Southgate Homes prides itself on being a hands-on company dedicated to the highest standards of creativity and 
attention to detail on every home built. The design, finish out, and construction process ensures a unique home that is stylish, functional, and modern. This commitment to excellence 
across all aspects of homebuilding has led Southgate to being recognized as one of the top luxury production home builders in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. 

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s

Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

$117.6 Million

$590,000 to $1,390,000

158

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |   E s s e x   Pa r k   -   C a r ro l l t o n ,  T X 

No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |   E s s e x   Pa r k   -   C a r ro l l t o n ,  T X 

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 
S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |   No r t h w o o d   Ma n o r  -   Fr i s c o ,  T X 

29

T h e   P rov i d e n c e   G ro u p   of  G e o rg i a

Atlanta, Georgia

Built on a hometown legacy, The Providence Group is considered to be the leading lifestyle builder in Atlanta, offering a variety of home styles 
including single-family homes, townhomes, and mid-rise condominiums. 

The Providence Group communities can be found in the most desirable locations in the Atlanta area including Atlanta, Roswell, Alpharetta, Johns 
Creek, Milton, Decatur, Woodstock, Canton, and Smyrna. These desirable locations offer home owners the convenience of great access to major 
interstates, dining, shopping and recreation. The homebuilder takes pride in designing innovative homes, breathtaking streetscapes, and luxurious 
yet functional floorplans that customers love to call home.

$257.2 Million

$360,000 to $1,000,000

501

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

30

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A 

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A 

31

We thought the search for 

our first home would be 

endless and exhausting, until 

we came across The Towns 
at East Village... We loved 
the idea of maintenance free 
living,  being under the roof 
of good quality materials, 

and close proximity to 
shops/restaurants. There 
was not a home we looked at 

that could even compare to 

those in this community. We 

are happy that we chose The 
Providence Group and would 

recommend it to all!

- Courtney & Thomas

The Providence Group 

Homeowners

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A 
T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A 

31
31

“An incredibly skilled builder 
in the area that makes quality 
homes and supports the local 
community. With so many styles 

and subdivisions to choose 
from, there is something for 
everyone.”

- Anna, GHO Homes 

Homeowner

32
32

G H O   Ho m e s   |   St o n e y  Bro o k   Fa r m   -  Ve ro   B e a c h ,   F L
G H O   Ho m e s   |   St o n e y  Bro o k   Fa r m   -  Ve ro   B e a c h ,   F L

G H O   Ho m e s

Treasure Coast, Florida

GHO Homes has been building homes for over 25 years, focusing on communities on Florida’s Treasure Coast including Vero Beach, Port. St. Lucie, 
Sebastian, and Fort Pierce. In addition to offering single-family and patio homes, GHO Homes also builds their award-winning homes on individual 
homesites through their St. Lucie Collection series of homes. All GHO Homes utilize time-tested quality materials and methods, the latest design 
features, finishes, and energy efficient components. GHO Homes has continued to raise the bar through the creation of the GHO Tailor-Made 
program. This program sets GHO apart from its competitors by allowing homebuyers to customize their homes with numerous plan options, built-
ins, and upgrades that exceed industry standards and result in custom, one-of-a-kind homes at an outstanding value.

$110.6 Million

$240,000 to $1,620,000 

251

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

32

33

Ce n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s

Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

Centre Living Homes is a premier single-family and townhome builder in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas. From top architects to award-winning designers, Centre Living Homes is composed 
of the industry’s best. This ensures that the builder’s floor plans, elevations, and interior finishes are always cutting-edge design. 

Their high-density housing developments boast world-class architecture, the latest in smart home technology, and rooftop decks with some of Dallas’ most coveted views of the city. In 
2021, Centre Living Homes expanded its product offering to include suburban areas of the DFW metroplex as well including Frisco, Waxahachie, and Heath, Texas.

$36.0 Million

$370,000 to $750,000

76

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X 
C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X 

34

C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   Bra n d i n g   I ro n   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO

C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   Bra n d i n g   I ro n   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO

C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s *

Colorado Springs, Colorado &  Fort Collins, Colorado

Thanks to strong core values and an unwavering commitment to its homebuyers, Challenger Homes has grown from just one homesite into one of Colorado Springs and Fort Collins’ 
most trusted new home builders. Challenger Homes offers buyers elegant floorplans with an emphasis on large open spaces, quality craftsmanship, and energy-efficient solutions. The 
builder offers a streamlined design process that allows buyers to customize their homes with a great deal of ease. While some homebuilders view the design process as a way to up-sell 
by employing associates on commission, Challenger Homes’ salaried design team are exclusively dedicated to meeting the buyer’s needs on their budget, creating an unparalleled level 
of customer service.

$196.0 Million*

$270,000 to $770,000

484 *

2021 Home Closings Revenue

2021 Price Ranges

2021 Closings

*Green Brick has a 49.9% ownership interest in Challenger Homes. Revenue and home closings are not included in Green Brick’s consolidated financial statements. Income from this investment is shown in “Equity in income of 
unconsolidated entities” in our Consolidated Statements of Income.

C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X 

C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X 

C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   Bra n d i n g   I ro n   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO
C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   Bra n d i n g   I ro n   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO

35

F i n a n c i a l  S e r v i c e s *

Green Brick Mortgage

Much like our subsidiary homebuilder brands have a reputation of delivering beautifully 
designed  homes  and  unparalleled  customer  service,  Green  Brick  Mortgage  delivers 
the same level of excellence by providing our buyers with best-in-class home financing 
services and expertise. The company offers the powerful tools, resources, and advice our 
buyers need for the best home buying experience possible. 

Our homebuyers are currently able to finance their homes through Green Brick Mortgage’s 
preferred lender referral program in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas and Atlanta, Georgia.

BHome Mortgage 

Launched  in  2020,  BHome  Mortgage  is  a  full-service  mortgage  banking  company 
committed to developing and nurturing relationships with REALTORS®, home builders 
and its customers. BHome Mortgage currently services the Dallas-Fort Worth market, 
and offers an unmatched level of customer service for each and every homebuyer.

Bhome  offers  a  wide  array  of  mortgage  products  including  conventional,  fixed-rate, 
ARMs, FHA, VA, Texas Veteran Housing Assistance Program, and first-time homebuyer 
programs. The solution center at BHome specializes in assisting buyers with less than 
perfect credit, and provides access to sustainable homeownership to buyers that may 
have otherwise not qualified. 

Green Brick Title

Green  Brick  Title  provides  outstanding  depth  of  experience  to  the  residential  and 
commercial  real  estate  industry  in  four  locations  across  the  country.  In  addition  to 
partnering with our subsidiary homebuilder brands to help new homeowners quickly and 
efficiently close on their new homes, Green Brick Title works closely with REALTORS®, 
banks, land brokers, builders, developers, and mortgage companies.  

Green  Brick  Title’s  access  to  resources  beyond  those  of  a  traditional  title  company 
enables us to always stay one step ahead of our competition.

*Green Brick Partners retains a 49.99% equity interest in Green Brick Mortgage LLC, a 49% 
equity interest in BHome Mortgage LLC, and 100% ownership of Green Brick Title LLC.

36

 
L a n d  Ac q u i s i t i o n  a n d   D eve l o p m e n t

Our land strategy consists of a hybrid model that focuses on both the most desirable as well as the most affordable 

homesites in our markets. In the inventory-constrained suburbs of Dallas-Fort Worth and Atlanta, Green Brick Partners 

leverages  its  strong  relationships  with  land  sellers  and  municipalities  to  obtain  lot  positions  in  the  most  attractive 

locations. Green Brick Partners also utilizes its financial strength to acquire lots in more affordable outskirt communities 

to address entry-level buyers seeking to purchase quality homes at value-oriented pricing. 

In 2021, we increased our lots owned and controlled by 98% year-over-year, far exceeding any of our peers. In 2022, 

excluding  capital  invested  buying  land  and  finished  lots, we  intend  to  spend  approximately  $285  million  developing 

lots, with the goal of delivering over 4,700 finished homesites to our subsidiary homebuilders across 43 communities 

throughout  2022.  We  believe  our  willingness  to  invest  heavily  in  our  growth  of  lot  inventory  and  commit  to  self-

developing such a large portion of our lots is a key factor in our higher gross margins. However, we also understand 

the importance of maintaining lower financial leverage that is appropriate to match our significant investment in dirt. 

Based on our strong returns on equity, our lower financial leverage means our results are even more impressive on a 

risk-adjusted basis.

Shown on the map below are almost 9,000 lots allocated to Trophy Signature Homes in 2022 for communities that each 

exceed 800 homesites. The primary way we mitigate risk in these larger, longer-life communities is by buying land in 

submarkets which we believe have long-term growth potential at very affordable prices. Many of these lots also have 

special development districts such as Municipal Utility Districts  (MUDs) or Public Improvement Districts (PIDs) that can 

also fund a sizable portion of our development costs, reducing our cost of capital and development risk even further.

37

A p p e n d i x   &   No n - G A A P Re c o n c i l i a t i o n

In this report, we utilize certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission. We present these measures because we believe they and 
similar measures are useful to management and investors in evaluating the Company’s operating performance and financing structure. We also believe these measures facilitate the 
comparison of our operating performance and financing structure with other companies in our industry. Because these measures are not calculated in accordance with Generally 
Accepted Accounting  Principles  (“GAAP”),  they  may  not  be  comparable  to  other  similarly  titled  measures  of  other  companies  and  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  or  as  a 
substitute for, or superior to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

(1) As a result of the comprehensive tax legislation, commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), enacted by the U.S. government on December 22, 2017, the 
Company remeasured its deferred tax assets (DTA) which resulted in additional tax expense of $19.0 million during the three months ended December 31, 2017. Due to the effects 
of the Tax Act, the net (loss) income attributable to Green Brick for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and for the year ended December 31, 2017 is not comparable to 
the other periods presented in this report.  Certain annual and quarterly amounts shown in this report have been adjusted to a “Normalized” Non-GAAP amount as shown below.

For the quarter ended 12.31.2017:

Per GAAP 
Financials

Adjustment

"Normalized" 
Non-GAAP  
Amount 
Presented

For the year ended 12.31.2017:

Per GAAP 
Financials

Adjustment

"Normalized"  
Non-GAAP  
Amount 
Presented

Income Before Taxes

 $21,017 

 $-   

 $21,017 

Income Before Taxes

 $64,237 

 $-   

 $64,237 

Income Tax Expense Attributable to 
Noncontrolling Interest

Income Tax Expense Attributable to 
Green Brick

(40)

 -   

(40)

Income Tax Expense Attributable to 
Noncontrolling Interest

 (135)

-

 (135)

 (25,356)

 19,000 

 (6,356) 

Income Tax Expense Attributable to GRBK

 (38,896)

 19,000 

 (19,896)

Income Tax Provision

 (25,396)

 19,000 

 (6,396)

Net (loss) income

 (4,379)

 19,000 

 14,621 

 (3,816)

 -   

 (3,816)

Less: net income attributable to 
noncontrolling interests

Net (loss) income attributable to 
GRBK

Income Tax Provision

 (39,031)

 19,000 

 (20,031)

Net (loss) income

 25,206 

 19,000 

 44,206 

Less: net income attributable to 
noncontrolling interests

 (10,236)

 -   

 (10,236)

 (8,195)

 19,000 

 10,805 

Net (loss) income attributable to GRBK

 14,970 

 19,000 

 33,970 

Diluted weighted average common 
shares outstanding

 50,681 

 50,681 

 50,681 

Diluted weighted average common  
shares outstanding

 49,683 

 49,683

 49,683 

Diluted earnings per share

 $(0.16)

 $0.37 

 $0.21 

Diluted earnings per share

 $0.30 

 $0.38 

 $0.68 

(2) Pre-tax income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. is a non-GAAP measure reconciled by quarter on pages 16-21 of this report. This measure is calculated by adding Income 
tax attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. to Net Income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

(3) Pre-tax return on average invested capital is calculated as the sum of Pre-tax income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. for the last four quarters divided by the average of 
the ending invested capital and beginning invested capital for the period included in the calculation.

(4) Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation; specifically, (i) mechanic’s lien contracts revenue was reclassified from other 
income to revenue, (ii) the cost of model home furnishings was reclassified from inventory to fixed assets, (iii) prepaid plans & development costs were reclassified from other assets 

to inventory, and (iv) debt balances were presented net of debt issuance costs.

38

39

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   R i d g e v i e w  C ro s s i n g   -  A l l e n ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   R i d g e v i e w  C ro s s i n g   -  A l l e n ,  T X

3939

Op e r a t i n g   Re s u l t s  a n d   Fo r m   1 0 - K

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________
FORM 10-K 
___________________

X

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021
or

Commission file number: 001-33530 

Green Brick Partners, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)

2805 Dallas Pkwy , Ste 400

20-5952523
(IRS Employer Identification Number)

Plano

,

TX

75093

(469) 573-6755

(Address of principal executive offices, including Zip Code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name  of  each  exchange  on  which 
registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

GRBK

The New York Stock Exchange

Depositary Shares (each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share 
of  5.75%  Series  A  Cumulative  Perpetual  Preferred  Stock,  par  value 
$0.01 per share)

GRBK PRA

The New York Stock Exchange

40

 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 
Yes        No

X

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes        No

X

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter 
period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 
X
Yes        No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
X
Yes        No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large 
accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer 

X

Non-accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company             Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided 
pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

X

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). 
Yes        No

X

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was $703,959,338 as of June 30, 2021 (based upon the closing sale price on The Nasdaq Capital Market for such date). For 
this purpose, all shares held by directors, executive officers and stockholders beneficially owning ten percent or more of the registrant’s common stock have been treated as held by affiliates. This determination 
of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 25, 2022 was 50,759,972.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

Portions of the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

41

PART I

ITEM 1.     BUSINESS

Green Brick Partners, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Green Brick”, “the Company”, “we” or “us”) is a diversified 
homebuilding and land development company. We acquire and develop land and build homes through 
our  eight  brands  of  builders  in  four  major  markets.  Our  core  markets  are  in  the  high  growth  U.S. 
metropolitan areas of Dallas-Forth Worth (“DFW”), Texas and Atlanta, Georgia, as well as the Treasure 
Coast, Florida area. We also own a noncontrolling interest in a builder in Colorado Springs, Colorado. 
We are engaged in all aspects of the homebuilding process, including land acquisition and development, 
entitlements, design, construction, title and mortgage services, marketing and sales and the creation of 
brand images at our residential neighborhoods and master planned communities. 

We believe we offer higher quality homes with more distinctive designs and floor plans than those 
built  by  our  competitors  at  comparable  prices.  Many  of  our  communities  are  located  in  premium 
locations and we seek to enhance homebuyer satisfaction by utilizing high-quality materials, offering 
a broad range of customization options and building well-crafted homes. We seek to maximize value 
over the long term and operate our business to mitigate risks in the event of a downturn by controlling 
costs and quickly reacting to regional and local market trends.

We are a leading lot developer in our markets and believe that our strict operating discipline provides 
us with a competitive advantage in seeking to maximize returns while minimizing risk. As of December 
31,  2021,  we  owned  or  controlled  approximately  28,600  home  sites  in  high-growth  submarkets 
throughout  the  DFW  and  Atlanta  metropolitan  areas  and  the  Treasure  Coast,  Florida  market.  We 
provide  finished  lots  to  our  subsidiary  builders  or  option  lots  from  third-party  developers  for  our 
builders’ homebuilding operations and provide them with construction funding and strategic planning. 
Our builders provide us with their local knowledge and relationships. 

We are a Delaware corporation, incorporated in 2006. We commenced operations as a publicly held 
homebuilding company in 2014. Our principal executive offices are located at 2805 Dallas Pkwy, Ste 

400, Plano, TX 75093.

Business Strategy

We  believe  we  are  well-positioned  for  growth  through  the  disciplined  execution  of  the  following 

elements of our strategy: 

Consistent Land Acquisition Program with Disciplined Underwriting. We believe our ability to identify, 
acquire and develop land in desirable locations and on favorable terms is critical to our success. We 
evaluate  land  opportunities  based  on  how  we  expect  such  opportunities  will  contribute  to  overall 
profitability  and  returns.  Through  our  rigorous  national  underwriting  program,  we  seek  to  identify 
attractive properties that are typically located in prime neighborhood locations or in preferred growth 
corridors. We focus on the development of entitled parcels in communities where we can generally 
sell all homes within 24 to 60 months from the start of sales. Notwithstanding, we will also invest in 
longer-term land investments if our return criteria is generated. 

Focus  on  Markets  with  a  Favorable  Growth  Outlook  and  Strong  Demand  Fundamentals.  We  have 
chosen to focus our operations to sunbelt and sunbelt adjacent states because we believe that these 
markets offer attractive residential real estate investment characteristics, such as growing economies, 
improving  levels  of  employment,  and  population  growth  relative  to  national  averages,  favorable 
migration patterns, general housing affordability, and desirable lifestyle and weather characteristics. 

42

We currently operate in Texas, Colorado, Florida, and Georgia, which were four of the top seven states 
in terms of population growth per the 2020 census data. Each of these states experienced double-
digit growth over the preceding ten years while the population for the US only grew 7.3%.  

Strategically Increase Market Positions in our Existing Markets. We believe that there are significant 
opportunities  to  profitably  expand  in  our  core  markets. As  of  December  31,  2021, we  believe  our 
extensive land and lot inventory will allow us to maximize our profitability and return on capital. In 
Dallas  and  Atlanta,  we  seek  to  acquire  land  with  convenient  access  to  metropolitan  areas  which 
have diverse economic and employment bases and demographics that we believe will support long-
term growth. In the Treasure Coast, we seek land in highly desirable, but limited, coastal regions that 
attract  relocating  homebuyers.  We  continuously  review  the  allocation  of  our  investments  in  these 
markets taking into account demographic trends and the likely impact on our operating results and will 
reallocate our investments when necessary. 

Deliver Superior Designs, Broad Product Ranges and Enhanced Homebuying Experience. We partner 
our  expertise  with  that  of  our  builders  to  design  attractive  neighborhoods  and  homes  to  appeal 
to  a  wide  variety  of  potential  homebuyers.  Our  homebuilding  projects  include  townhomes,  patio 
homes, single family homes, and luxury homes. We believe we can adapt quickly to changing market 
conditions and optimize performance and returns while strategically reducing portfolio risk because of 
our diversified product strategy. One of our core operating philosophies is to create a culture which 
provides a positive, memorable experience for our homebuyers. In consultation with nationally and 
locally recognized architecture firms, interior and exterior consultants, and homeowner focus groups, 
we research and design a diversified range of products for various levels and price points.

Disciplined Investment Strategy Combined with the Prudent Use of Leverage. We seek to maximize 
value over the long-term and operate our business to mitigate risks in the event of a downturn by 
controlling costs and focusing on regional and local market trends. We believe that our strict operating 
discipline  combined  with  our  prudent  use  of  financial  leverage  to  continue  to  invest  in  our  land 
acquisition, development and homebuilding businesses provides us with a competitive advantage in 
seeking  to  maximize  returns  while  minimizing  risk.  We  target  a  debt  to  total  capitalization  ratio  of 
approximately 30% to 35%, which we expect will continue to provide us with significant additional 
growth capital. As of December 31, 2021, our debt to total capitalization ratio was 27.7%.

Targeted  Expansion  into  Adjacent  Markets.  We  currently  intend  to  pursue  targeted  expansion  of 
our entry-level builder, Trophy Signature Homes, into markets within our current states. We believe 
Trophy’s more affordable product and quicker inventory turns make its platform uniquely scalable to 
expand outside of the DFW metroplex. We plan to expand Trophy into markets compatible with our 
existing markets that demonstrate strong trends in demographics, employment, and in-migration by 
leveraging existing relationships with land developers and homebuilders. In this regard, on February 
4, 2022, we announced our expansion into the Austin, TX market. In addition, we have traditionally, 
and may in the future, grow through the acquisition of homebuilders in our current markets or other 
markets that meet our demographic and economic growth criteria.

Our Builders and Homes 

The following table presents general information about each of our builders, including the types of 
homes they build and their price ranges as of December 31, 2021. During late 2020 and throughout 
2021,  as  we  sought  to  better  match  our  sales  pace  with  our  construction  and  delivery  pace,  the 
average price of our homes in each of our markets has increased.

Builder

Ownership

Market

Products Offered

Trophy Signature Homes LLC (“Trophy”)

CB JENI Homes DFW LLC (“CB JENI”)

Normandy Homes (“Normandy”)

SGHDAL LLC (“Southgate”)

CLH20 LLC (“Centre Living”)

The Providence Group of Georgia LLC (“TPG”)

GRBK GHO Homes LLC (“GRBK GHO”)

100%

100%

100%

100%

90%

50%

80%

DFW

DFW

DFW

DFW

DFW

Atlanta

Single family

Townhomes

Single family

Luxury homes
Townhomes and  
Single Family
Townhomes, Condominiums  
and Single Family

Treasure Coast

Patio homes and Single Family

GB Challenger, LLC (“Challenger”)

49.9%

Colorado Springs and Denver

Townhomes and Single Family

Price Range

$300,000 to $930,000

$240,000 to $550,000

$430,000 to $880,000

$590,000 to $1,390,000

$370,000 to $750,000

$360,000 to $1,000,000

$240,000 to $1,620,000

$270,000 to $770,000

Our backlog reflects the number and value of homes for which we have entered into sales contracts 
with customers but not yet delivered. With the exception of a normal cancellation rate, we expect all 

of the backlog as of December 31, 2021 to be filled during 2022. The following table sets forth the 
information about selling communities and backlog of our builders.

Year Ended December 31, 2021

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Builder

Average Selling Communities

Selling Communities

Backlog, Units

Backlog, in thousands

Selling Communities

Backlog, Units

Backlog, in thousands

Trophy
CB JENI (1)
Southgate
Centre Living

TPG

GRBK GHO
Total (2)

(1) Includes Normandy Homes.

24 
19 
7 
5 

21 

11 
87 

23 
15 
4 
5 

19 

8 
74 

413
283
158
45

352

229
1,480

$246,668
139,531
131,455
24,289

200,405

127,508
$869,856

23 
25 
12 
4 

25 

14 
103 

371
470
167
28

213

214
1,463

$151,778
189,807
121,740
13,541

113,657

96,338
$686,861

(2) GB Challenger is not included in the table above as Green Brick does not have a controlling financial 
interest in Challenger. Our investment in Challenger is treated as an unconsolidated investment under 
the  equity  method  of  accounting  and  is  included  in  investments  in  unconsolidated  entities  in  our 
consolidated balance sheets.

In  2019,  in  response  to  our  customers  expressed  desire  for  an  expedited  and  transparent  sales 
process, we  launched  a selection  of homes with  simplified,  all upgrades included options. In 2021, 
we continued to expand this selection. Our CB JENI X and Trophy Signature Homes lines have been 
at the forefront of creating an honest, easy to follow, sales experience that seeks to offer simplified 
solutions with top-of-the-line finishes included regardless of a homebuyer’s price range. We believe 
that this streamlined process and focus on operational efficiency has enabled us to react quickly to 
the rise of the work from home and remote learning lifestyle of our homebuyers. As a result, we have 
launched updated plans with a focus on dedicated learning and office spaces, home integrations with 
the newest technology, and the latest in energy-efficient solutions including tankless water heaters, 
high-efficiency LED lighting, ENERGY STAR rated appliances, and low flow bathroom fixtures.

We are focused on creating environmentally sustainable products, and our purchasing power enables 
us  to  include  green  features  in  our  homes.  Each  new  home we  build  is  healthier  and  more  energy 
efficient,  and  has  less  impact  on  the  environment  than  prior  generations  of  homes  as  a  result  of 
features like:

Low-VOC paint that reduces pollution;
WaterSense® faucets that reduce water flow without sacrificing performance;
 Low-E windows that reduce infrared and ultraviolet light coming into the home; and
Energy Star® appliances that reduce energy consumption.

Land Policy
Our land inventory strategy strives to provide us with a multi-year supply of lots for each of our brands 
for future homebuilding while limiting any excess supply that would otherwise be subject to market 
cycle risk. With certain exceptions, we focus on the development of entitled parcels in communities 
where we can generally sell all lots and homes within 24 to 60 months from the start of sales. This 
focus allows us to limit exposure to land development and land risks while pursuing favorable returns 
on our investments. We seek to minimize our exposure to land risk through disciplined management 
of entitlements, the use of land and lot options, and other flexible land acquisition arrangements. We 
are actively involved in every step of the land entitlement, home design, and construction processes 
with our builders. 

In response to the significant upward shift in demand in June 2020, our land teams began focusing 
on acquiring well located land. As a result, during 2020 and 2021, we grew our lot position 61.2% 
and  97.8%  annually,  respectively,  for  a  total  of  28,621  owned  and  controlled  lots  as  of  December 
31,  2021.  While  the  additional  14,000-plus  lots  acquired  over  the  last  year  did  not  meaningfully 
contribute  to  our  bottom  line  in  2021,  we  believe  they  will  position  us  to  deliver  future  earnings 
growth in 2022 and beyond. 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ownership  in  Green  Brick  Title,  49.99%  ownership  in  Green  Brick  Mortgage,  and  49%  ownership 
in BHome Mortgage. Our financial services help our customers bring their homebuying dreams into 
reality by providing mortgage and title services, allowing for a one-stop-shop solution. Through Green 
Brick Mortgage and BHome Mortgage, our mortgage services buyers can expect personal attention 
from their first meeting through the closing of their new home. As part of the Green Brick Partners 
family,  Green  Brick  Title’s  unprecedented  access  to  resources  beyond  those  of  a  traditional  title 
company enables us to always stay one step ahead of our competition and bring buyers unmatched 
customer service.

Raw Materials
Typically, all the raw materials and most of the components used in our business are readily available 
in the United States. Most are standard items carried by major suppliers. However, a rapid increase in 
the number of homes started during 2021 has caused shortages in the availability of such materials 
and in the price of services, thereby leading to delays in the delivery of homes and increased home 
construction prices. To mitigate the risk from rising costs, we have delayed contracting for the sales 
of our homes in many neighborhoods until after the home has been sheet-rocked. We continue to 
monitor the supply markets to achieve the best prices available. See “Risk Factors - Labor and raw 
material shortages and price fluctuations could delay or increase the cost of land development and 
home construction, which could materially and adversely affect our business.”

Seasonality
The homebuilding industry experiences seasonal fluctuations in quarterly operating results and capital 
requirements. We  typically  experience  the  highest  new  home  order  activity  in  spring  and  summer, 
although this activity is also highly dependent on the number of active selling communities, timing of 
new community openings, and other market factors. Since it typically has taken five to nine months 
to construct a new home, we have historically delivered more homes in the second half of the year as 
spring and summer home orders are delivered. Because of this seasonality, home starts, construction 
costs and related cash outflows have historically been highest in the second and third quarters, and 
the  majority  of  cash  receipts  from  home  deliveries  occur  during  the  third  and  fourth  quarters. We 
expect this seasonal pattern to continue over the long-term, although it may be affected by volatility 
in the homebuilding industry. Due to the significant increase in home demand and the more limited 
supply of both existing homes and speculative home inventory from all builders since the middle of 
2020, such seasonal patterns have been far less evident in our business operations.

Competition
Competition  in  the  homebuilding  industry  is  intense,  and  there  are  relatively  low  barriers  to  entry. 
Homebuilders compete for, among other things,  homebuyers, desirable land parcels, financing, raw 
materials, and skilled labor. Increased competition could hurt our business, as it could prevent us from 
acquiring attractive land parcels on which to build homes or make such acquisitions more expensive, 
hinder our market share expansion, and lead to pricing pressures on our homes that may adversely 
impact our revenues and margins. Our competitors may independently develop land and construct 
housing units that are superior or substantially similar to our products. Furthermore, a number of our 
primary  competitors  are  significantly  larger,  have  a  longer  operating  history,  and  may  have  greater 
resources or lower cost of capital; accordingly, they may be able to compete more effectively in one 
or  more  of  the  markets  in  which  we  operate.  Many  of  these  competitors  also  have  longstanding 
relationships with subcontractors and suppliers in the markets in which we operate. We also compete 
for sales with individual resales of existing homes and with available rental housing.

Marketing and Sales Process
We sell our homes primarily from models that we have designed and constructed. We employ new 
home consultants who are paid salaries, commissions or both to conduct on-site sales of our homes. 
Our in-house sales force typically works from sales offices located in model homes near or in each 
community.  Sales  representatives  assist  potential  buyers  by  providing  them  with  basic  floor  plans, 
price information, development and construction timetables, tours of model homes, and the selection 
of upgrade options. Sales personnel are trained by us and generally have had prior experience selling 
new  homes  in  the  local  market.  Our  personnel,  along  with  subcontracted  marketing  and  design 
consultants,  carefully  design  the  exterior  and  interior  of  each  home  to  appeal  to  the  lifestyles  of 
targeted  homebuyers. We  also  sell  homes  through  independent  realtors.  In  addition, we  have  also 
made it possible for potential homebuyers to take virtual tours of model homes.

We offer a preferred lender referral program through our mortgage joint ventures to provide lending 
options to homebuyers in need of financing. We also offer homeowners a comprehensive warranty on 
each home. Homes are generally covered by an eight to ten-year warranty for structural concerns, one 
year for defects and products used and two years for electrical, plumbing, heating, ventilation, and air 
conditioning parts and labor. 

Our  marketing  strategy  has  increasingly  involved  advertising  through  digital  channels  including  real 
estate  listing  sites,  paid  search,  display  advertising,  social  media,  and  e-mail  marketing,  all  of which 
drive traffic to our website, www.greenbrickpartners.com. This has allowed us to attract more qualified 
and  knowledgeable  homebuyers  and  has  helped  us  reduce  our  selling,  general  and  administrative 
expenses as a percentage of home sales revenues. However, we also continue to advertise through 
more  traditional  media  on  a  limited  basis,  including  newspapers,  radio  advertisements,  other  local 
and regional publications, and on billboards where appropriate. We tailor our marketing strategy and 
message based on the community being advertised and the customers being targeted.

Financial Services 
In  addition  to  independently  branded  subsidiary  homebuilders,  Green  Brick  Partners  retains  100% 

Human Capital Resources 
Attracting,  retaining,  and  building  talent  is  critical  in  our  business. We  continue  to  recruit  talented 
team members that exhibit superior emotional intelligence. This focus on a staff that places a strong 

44

emphasis on communication and navigating a fast-paced environment empathetically and judiciously 
enables us to operate effectively and efficiently each day.  We seek to establish a supportive culture 
that  fosters  a  strong  sense  of  ownership  and  a  continuous  drive  to  excel.  Our  goal  is  to  not  just 
empower our team members with the tools needed to succeed but to create a community that focuses 
on taking ownership of one’s work. Our culture celebrates individual success, primes our employees 
for growth, and is critical in maintaining our competitive edge over our peers.  

could become subject to delays or may be precluded entirely from developing communities due to 
building moratoriums, “no growth” or “slow growth” initiatives or building permit allocation ordinances, 
which could be implemented in the future. In addition, we are subject to various licensing, registration, 
and filing requirements in connection with the construction, advertisement, and sale of homes in our 
communities.  Also, some states are attempting to make homebuilders responsible for violations of 
wage and other labor laws by their subcontractors.

At December 31, 2021, we had approximately 540 full-time employees, including approximately 500 
who were involved in our homebuilding operations, with locations in Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas, Atlanta, 
Georgia  and  the Treasure  Coast,  Florida,  and  approximately  40  in  management  and  administration. 
Our  operations  are  carried  out  through  both  local  and  centralized  management.  Our  centralized 
management sets our strategy and leads decisions related to our land acquisition, national purchasing, 
marketing analytics, risk management, finance, cash management, capital allocation, human resources 
management,  and  IT  support  for  our  builders.  Our  homebuilder  operations  consist  of  our  division 
employees, led by management with significant homebuilding experience and who possess a depth of 
knowledge in their particular markets, and include employees responsible for the design, construction 
oversight, marketing, and sales of our homes. We act solely as a general contractor, and all construction 
operations  are  coordinated  by  our  project  managers  and  field  superintendents  who  schedule  and 
monitor  third-party  independent  subcontractors.  Our  ability  to  deliver  our  homes  is  dependent  on 
the  availability  and  quality  of  the  subcontractors,  such  as  electricians,  plumbers,  drywall  installers, 
and  bricklayers  with  whom  we  partner  to  build  our  homes.  We  do  not  have  collective  bargaining 
agreements relating to any of our employees. We offer our employees a broad range of company-paid 
benefits, and we offer our employees a compensation package and benefits, including medical, dental, 
life insurance, and other health and welfare plans, that we believe are competitive.  

We  believe  having  a  diverse  and  inclusive  work  environment,  where  everyone  has  a  sense  of 
belonging, not only drives engagement but fosters innovation, which is critical to driving growth. Our 
management teams are expected to exhibit and promote honest, ethical and respectful conduct in the 
workplace. All of our employees must adhere to a code of conduct that sets standards for appropriate 
behavior and includes required internal training on preventing, identifying, reporting and stopping any 
type of discrimination. Furthermore, our management team supports a culture of developing future 
leaders from our existing workforce, enabling us to promote from within for many leadership positions. 
We  believe  this  provides  long-term  focus  and  continuity  to  our  operations  while  also  providing 
opportunities for the growth and advancement of our employees.

We  are  committed  to  the  health  and  safety  of  our  employees,  trade  partners  and  homebuyers. 
Beginning  in  2020,  as  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  we  implemented  additional  safety 
protocols  to  protect  our  employees,  trade  partners  and  homebuyers,  including  protocols  regarding 
social  distancing,  health  checks  and  working  remotely.  Our  experienced  teams  adapted  quickly  to 
the changes and have managed our business successfully during this challenging time. We are also 
committed to worker safety and regulatory compliance. 

Governmental Regulations and Environmental Regulation
Homebuilding  Related  Regulations.  We  are  subject  to  various  local,  state,  and  federal  statutes, 
ordinances,  rules,  and  regulations  concerning  zoning,  building  design,  construction,  and  similar 
matters,  including  local  regulations  that  impose  restrictive  zoning  and  density  requirements.  In 
addition, local and state governments have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development 
fees for projects under their jurisdictions. Governing agencies may also require concessions or may 
require the developer to commit to provide roads and other offsite infrastructure, the costs of which 
can be substantial, and may require them to be in place prior to the commencement of new home 
construction. In addition, governing agencies may impose construction moratoriums and therefore we 

Environmental Regulations. We are subject to a variety of local, state, and federal statutes, ordinances, 
rules  and  regulations  concerning  the  protection  of  the  environment.  The  particular  environmental 
laws that apply to any given homebuilding site vary according to multiple factors, including the site’s 
location, its environmental conditions, and the present and former uses of the site as well as of adjoining 
properties. In some markets, we are subject to environmentally-sensitive land ordinances that mandate 
open space areas with public elements in housing developments, and prevent development on hillsides, 
wetlands and other protected areas. We must also comply with open space restrictions, flood plain 
restrictions, desert wash area restrictions, native plant regulations, endangered species acts, and view 
restrictions. In those cases where an endangered or threatened species is involved, environmental rules 
and regulations can result in the restriction or elimination of development in identified environmentally 
sensitive  areas.  From  time  to  time,  the  United  States  Environmental  Protection Agency  and  similar 
federal or state agencies review homebuilders’ compliance with environmental laws and may levy fines 
and  penalties  for  failure  to  comply  strictly with  applicable  environmental  laws  or  impose  additional 
requirements for future compliance as a result of past failures. Any such actions taken may increase 
our costs. Further, we expect that increasingly stringent requirements will be imposed on homebuilders 
and land developers in the future.  

Energy and Climate Change Related Regulations. There is constantly a variety of new legislation being 
enacted,  or  considered  for  enactment  at  the  federal,  state  and  local  levels  relating  to  energy  and 
climate change. Some of this legislation relates to items such as carbon dioxide emissions control and 
building codes that impose energy efficiency standards. New building code requirements that impose 
stricter energy efficiency standards could significantly increase the cost to construct homes, although 
our  energy-efficiency  technologies  and  offerings  meet,  and  in  many  instances  exceed,  current  and 
expected energy efficiency thresholds. As climate change concerns continue to grow, legislation and 
regulations  of  this  nature  are  expected  to  continue  and  may  result  in  increased  costs  and  longer 
approval and development timelines. Similarly, energy and environment-related initiatives affect a wide 
variety of companies throughout the United States and the world, and because our operations are 
heavily dependent on significant amounts of raw materials, such as lumber, steel, and concrete, such 
initiatives could have an indirect adverse impact on our operations and profitability to the extent the 
manufacturers and suppliers of our materials are burdened with expensive carbon dioxide emissions 
control and other environmental and energy-related regulations.

Available Information
Our website address is www.greenbrickpartners.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly 
Reports  on  Form  10-Q,  Current  Reports  on  Form  8-K  and  amendments  to  those  reports  filed  or 
furnished pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through 
our website as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, 
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Our website and the information contained or 

incorporated therein are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

45

ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS 

Set forth below are the risks that we believe are material to our investors. Any 
of these risks could significantly and adversely affect our business, financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations. You  should  carefully  consider  the  risks 
described below, together with the other information included in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K, including the information contained under the caption 
“Forward-Looking Statements”. 

Risks Related to our Business and Industry

The  ongoing  COVID-19  pandemic  and  resulting  worldwide  economic 
conditions are adversely affecting, and will continue to adversely affect, our 
business operations, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy and 
disrupted global supply chains. The U.S. continues to experience outbreaks 
of very contagious variants that affect public health and economic activities. 
While  drastic  regulatory  responses  such  as  quarantines  and  “shelter-in-
place”  orders  have  been  lifted,  new  information  about  the  emergence  of 
new variants and the severity of such variants could lead to restrictive public 
health  measures.  Such  changes  could  affect  consumer  confidence,  worsen 
economic activities and have a negative impact on our results of operations, 
financial conditions and cash flow. We cannot predict how future trends of 
COVID-19 transmissions will play out, how they will influence public health 
policy and how they will impact the economy as a whole. 

The homebuilding industry is cyclical. A severe downturn in the industry could 
adversely affect our business, results of operations and stockholders’ equity.
The  residential  homebuilding  industry  is  cyclical  and  is  highly  sensitive 
to  changes  in  general  economic  conditions  such  as  levels  of  employment, 
consumer  confidence  and  income,  availability  of  financing  for  acquisitions, 
construction  and  permanent  mortgages,  interest  rate  levels,  inflation  and 
demand for housing. The U.S. housing market could be negatively impacted 
by declining consumer confidence, restrictive mortgage standards and large 
supplies  of  foreclosures,  resales  and  new  homes,  among  other  factors. 
These  conditions,  combined  with  a  prolonged  economic  downturn,  high 
unemployment levels, increases in the rate of inflation and uncertainty in the 
U.S. economy, could contribute to decreased demand for housing, declining 
sales prices and increasing pricing pressure. If demand for housing stalls or 
declines, we could experience declines in the market value of our inventory 
and  demand  for  our  lots,  homes  and  construction  loans, which  could  have 
a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  liquidity,  financial  condition  and 
results of operations.

Our operating performance is subject to risks associated with the real estate 
industry.
Real  estate  investments  are  susceptible  to  various  risks,  fluctuations  and 
cycles in value and demand, many of which are beyond our control. Certain 
events may decrease cash available for operations and the value of our real 
estate assets. These events include, but are not limited to:

adverse changes in international, national or local economic and demographic 
conditions;
adverse  changes  in  financial  conditions  of  buyers  and  sellers  of  properties, 
particularly residential homes and land suitable for development of residential 
homes;
competition from other real estate investors with significant capital, including 
other  real  estate  operating  companies  and  developers  and  institutional 
investment funds;
fluctuations  in  interest  rates,  which  could  adversely  affect  the  ability  of 
homebuyers  to  obtain  financing  on  favorable  terms  or  their  willingness  to 
obtain financing at all;
unanticipated increases in expenses, including, without limitation, insurance 
costs, development costs, real estate assessments and other taxes and costs 
of compliance with laws, regulations and governmental policies; and
changes  in  enforcement  of  laws,  regulations  and  governmental  policies, 
including,  without  limitation,  health,  safety,  environmental,  zoning  and  tax 
laws.

Adverse  changes  in  macroeconomic  conditions  in  and  around  the  markets 
we  operate  in,  and where  prospective  purchasers  of  our  homes  live,  could 
reduce the demand and adversely affect our business, results of operations, 
and financial condition.
Adverse changes in economic conditions in markets where we conduct our 
operations and where prospective purchasers of our homes live have had and 
may in the future have a negative impact on our business. Adverse changes 
in employment and median income levels, job growth, consumer confidence, 
interest rates, perceptions regarding the strength of the housing market, and 
population growth, or an oversupply of homes for sale may reduce demand 
or  depress  prices  for  our  homes  and  cause  home  buyers  to  cancel  their 
agreements to purchase our homes. This, in turn, could adversely affect our 
results of operations and financial condition

In addition, periods of economic slowdown or recession, rising interest rates 
or  declining  demand  for  real  estate,  or  the  public  perception  that  any  of 
these events may occur, could result in a general decline in the purchase of 
homes or an increased incidence of home order cancellations. If we cannot 
successfully implement our business strategy, our business, liquidity, financial 
condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.

Our business and financial results could be adversely affected by significant 
inflation or deflation.
Inflation can adversely affect our homebuilding operations by increasing costs 
of land, financing, materials, labor and construction. While we attempt to pass 
on cost increases to homebuyers by increasing prices, we may not be able to 
offset cost increases with higher selling prices in a weak housing market. In 
addition,  significant  inflation  is  often  accompanied  by  higher  interest  rates, 
which  have  a  negative  impact  on  housing  demand.  In  a  highly  inflationary 
environment, depending on industry and other economic conditions, we may 
be precluded from raising home prices enough to keep up with the rate of 
inflation, which could reduce our profit margins. Moreover, with inflation, the 
costs  of  capital  increase  and  the  purchasing  power  of  our  cash  resources 

46

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s 

C re e k s i d e   -   Roy s e   C i t y,  T X

C re e k s i d e   -   Roy s e   C i t y,  T X

could decline. Current or future efforts by the government to stimulate the 
economy may increase the risk of significant inflation and its adverse impact 
on our business or financial results.

Alternatively,  a  significant  period  of  deflation  could  cause  a  decrease  in 
overall spending and borrowing levels. This could lead to a deterioration in 
economic  conditions,  including  an  increase  in  the  rate  of  unemployment. 
Deflation  could  cause  the  value  of  our  inventory  to  decline  or  reduce  the 
value  of  existing  homes  below  the  related  mortgage  loan  balance,  which 
could potentially increase the supply of existing homes and have a negative 
impact on our results of operations.

We depend on the availability and satisfactory performance of subcontractors. 
Our  business  could  be  negatively  affected  if  our  subcontractors  are  not 
available to perform.
We  conduct  our  land  development  and  homebuilding  operations  primarily 
as a general contractor. Our unaffiliated third-party subcontractors perform 
virtually  all  of  our  land  development  and  constructions.  Consequently,  the 
timing  and  quality  of  the  development  of  our  land  and  the  construction  of 
our homes depends on the availability and skill of our subcontractors. There 
may  not  be  sufficient  availability  of  and  satisfactory  performance  by  these 
unaffiliated third-party subcontractors in the markets in which we operate. If 
there are inadequate subcontractor resources, our ability to meet customer 
demands, both timing and quality, could be adversely affected which could 
have a material adverse effect on our reputation, our future growth and our 
profitability.

Labor  and  raw  material  shortages  and  price  fluctuations  could  delay  or 
increase the cost of land development and home construction, which could 
materially and adversely affect our business. 
The  residential  construction  industry  experiences  labor  and  raw  material 
shortages  from  time  to  time,  including  shortages  in  qualified  tradespeople 
and  supplies  such  as  insulation,  drywall,  cement,  steel  and  lumber.  These 
labor and raw material shortages can be more severe during periods of strong 
demand  for  housing  or  when  a  region  in  which  we  operate  experiences  a 
natural  disaster  that  has  a  significant  impact  on  existing  residential  and 
commercial  structures.  Significant  increases  in  the  demand  for  new  homes 
result in extended lead times, supply shortages and price increases because 
of the heightened demand for the raw materials, products and appliances. For 
example, we have recently and may continue to experience price increases, 
shortages  and  significant  extensions  to  our  lead  time  for  the  delivery  of 
materials such as lumber, appliances and windows. This has and may continue 
to result in longer construction periods, delays in home closings and margin 
compression if we are unable to increase our sales prices accordingly. 

The  cost  of  labor  and  raw  materials  may  also  be  adversely  affected  during 
periods  of  shortage  or  high  inflation.  Shortages  and  price  increases  could 
cause  delays  in,  and  increase  our  costs  of,  land  development  and  home 
construction, which we  may  not  be  able  to  recover  by  raising  home  prices 
due to market demand and because the price for each home is typically set 
prior to its delivery pursuant to the agreement of sale with the homebuyer. 

In  addition,  the  federal  government  has,  at various  times  during  2019  and 
2020, imposed tariffs on a variety of imports from foreign countries and may 
impose additional tariffs in the future. Significant tariffs or other restrictions 
are placed on raw materials that we use in our homebuilding operation, such 
as  lumber  or  steel,  could  cause  the  cost  of  home  construction  to  increase 
which we may not be able to recover by raising home prices or which could 
slow our absorption due to being constrained by market demand. As a result, 
shortages or increased costs of labor and raw materials could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of 
operations.

Failure to recruit, retain and develop highly skilled, competent employees may 
have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Our  success  depends  on  the  continued  performance  of  key  employees, 
including management team members at both the corporate and homebuilder 
subsidiary  levels.  Our  results  of  operations  could  suffer  if  any  of  the 
management  team  members  decided  to  cease  employment  with  us.  Our 
ability  to  retain  our  management  team  or  to  attract  suitable  replacements 
should  any  members  of  its  management  team  leave  is  dependent  on  the 
competitive nature of the employment market. The loss of services from key 
management team members or a limitation in their availability could materially 
and  adversely  impact  our  business,  liquidity,  financial  condition  and  results 
of operations. Such a loss could also be negatively perceived in the capital 
markets. We do not maintain key person insurance in respect of any member 
of our named executive officers.
Furthermore, key employees working in the land development, homebuilding 
and construction industries are highly sought after. Experienced employees 
in  the  homebuilding,  land  acquisition,  and  construction  industries  are 
fundamental  to  our  ability  to  generate,  obtain  and  manage  opportunities. 
In  particular,  local  knowledge  and  relationships  are  critical  to  our  ability  to 
source attractive land acquisition opportunities. Failure to attract and retain 
such personnel or to ensure that their experience and knowledge is not lost 
when they leave the business through retirement, redundancy or otherwise 
may adversely affect the standards of our service and may have an adverse 
impact on our business, financial conditions and results of operations.

We  may  be  unable  to  achieve  our  objectives  because  of  our  inability  to 
execute on our business strategies.
Our business objectives include expanding into new markets and becoming a 
more capital and operationally efficient home builder. We cannot guarantee 
that our strategies  to meet these objectives will be successful or that they 
will  result  in  growth,  and  increased  earnings  or  returns  within  our  desired 
time frame. We cannot guarantee that we will achieve positive operational or 
financial results in the future, or results that are equal to or better than those 
attained in the past. We also cannot provide any assurance that we will be 
able to maintain our strategies in the future.  Due to unexpectedly favorable 
or unfavorable market conditions or other factors, we may determine that we 
need to adjust, refine or abandon all or portions of our strategies,  and any 
related initiatives or actions. We cannot guarantee that any such adjustments 
will be successful. The failure of any one or more of our present strategies, or 
any related initiatives or actions, or the failure of any adjustments that we may 

47

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s 
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s 
C re e k s i d e   -   Roy s e   C i t y,  T X
C re e k s i d e   -   Roy s e   C i t y,  T X

pursue or implement, could have an adverse effect on our ability to increase the value and profitability 
of our business, our ability to operate our business in the ordinary course, our overall liquidity, and our 
consolidated financial statements. The effect in each case could be material.

Our long-term success depends on our ability to acquire undeveloped land, partially finished developed 
lots and finished lots suitable for residential homebuilding at reasonable prices, in accordance with our 
land investment criteria.
The homebuilding industry is highly competitive for suitable land and the risk inherent in purchasing 
and developing land is directly impacted by changes in consumer demand for housing. The availability 
of  finished  and  partially  finished  developed  lots  and  undeveloped  land  for  purchase  that  meet  our 
investment  criteria  depends  on  a  number  of  factors  outside  our  control,  including  land  availability, 
competition with other homebuilders and land buyers, inflation in land prices, zoning, allowable housing 
density, the ability to obtain building permits and other regulatory requirements. Should suitable land 
or lots become more difficult to locate or obtain, the number of lots we may be able to develop and sell 
could decrease, the number of homes we may be able to build and sell could be reduced and the cost 
of land could increase substantially, which could adversely impact our results of operations.

As competition for suitable land increases, the cost of acquiring both finished and undeveloped lots 
and the cost of developing owned land could rise and the availability of suitable land at acceptable 
prices may decline, which could adversely impact our financial results. The availability of suitable land 
assets could also affect the success of our land acquisition strategy, which may impact our ability to 
increase the number of active selling communities, to grow our revenues and margins and to achieve 
or maintain profitability.

Our  results  of  operations  could  be  adversely  affected  if  we  are  unable  to  develop  communities 
successfully or within expected timeframes.
Before a community generates any revenue, time and material expenditures are required to acquire and 
prepare land, entitle and finish lots, obtain development approvals, pay taxes and construct significant 
portions of project infrastructure, amenities, model homes and sales facilities. It can take several years 
from the time that we acquire control of a property to the time that we make our first home sale on the 
site. Delays in the development of communities expose us to the risk of changes in market conditions 
for homes. A decline in our ability to develop and market our communities successfully and to generate 
positive cash flow from these operations in a timely manner could have a material adverse effect on 
our business and results of operations and on our ability to service our debt and to meet our working 
capital requirements.

Real  estate  investments  are  relatively  illiquid.  As  a  result,  our  ability  to  promptly  sell  one  or  more 
properties  in  response  to  changing  economic,  financial  and  investment  conditions  may  be  limited, 
and  we  may  be  forced  to  hold  non-income  producing  assets  for  an  extended  period  of  time.  We 
cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any property for the price or on the terms that we set 
or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. 
We also cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of 
a property.

We depend on the success of our partially owned controlled builders.
We participate in the homebuilding business, in part, through non-wholly owned subsidiaries, which 
we refer to as our “controlled builders.” We exercise control over the operations of each controlled 
builder. We have entered into arrangements with these controlled builders in order to take advantage 
of their local knowledge and relationships, acquire attractive land positions and brand images, manage 
our risk profile and leverage our capital base. Even though the co-investors in our controlled builders 
are subject to certain non-competition provisions, the viability of our participation in the homebuilding 

48

business depends on our ability to maintain good relationships with our controlled builders. 

Our  controlled  builders  are  focused  on  maximizing  the value  of  their  operations  and working  with 
a  partner  that  can  help  them  be  successful.  The  effectiveness  of  our  management,  the  value  of 
our  expertise  and  the  rapport  we  maintain  with  our  controlled  builders  are  important  factors  for 
new  builders  considering  doing  business with  us  and  may  affect  our  ability  to  attract  homebuyers, 
subcontractors,  employees  or  others  upon  whom  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations ultimately depend. Further, our relationships with our controlled builders generate additional 
business opportunities that support our growth. If we are unable to maintain good relationships with 
our controlled builders, we may be unable to fully take advantage of existing agreements or expand our 
relationships with these controlled builders. Additionally, our opportunities for pursuing acquisitions of 
additional builders may be adversely impacted.

In Atlanta, we sell lots to our controlled builder for its homebuilding operations and provide it loans to 
finance home construction. If our controlled builder fails to successfully execute its business strategies 
for  any  reason,  it  may  be  unable  to  purchase  lots  from  us,  repay  outstanding  construction  finance 
loans made by us or borrow from us in the future, any of which could negatively impact our business, 
financial condition and results of operations.

An  integral  component  of  our  growth  strategy  is  the  use  of  controlled  builders,  joint  ventures, 
partnerships and other strategic investments, and these counterparties’ interests may not be wholly 
aligned with ours or those of our investors.
Our  controlled  builders  and  the  third  parties with whom we  enter  into  partnerships,  joint ventures 
or  other  strategic  investments  are  separate  and  distinct  entities  from  us.  Consequently,  these 
counterparties  may  have  different  economic,  financial  and  industry  positions  from  us  which  could 
influence their business decisions. These positions may include strategic decision-making which they 
believe to be in their best interests, but which may not be aligned with those of our shareholders.  
Although  we  exercise  different  levels  of  control  over  the  entities  in  which  we  invest  or  co-invest, 
we may not ensure that their decisions are always in alignment with those of our investors because 
our  rights  may  be  limited  contractually  or  by  statute.  Disputes  between  us  and  these  third  parties 
could result in legal proceedings that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and/or 
directors from focusing on our business. Our business and profitability could be adversely affected if 
our counterparties take actions that are not in our best interests. 

Our capital resources and liquidity could be adversely affected if we are required to repurchase or sell 
a substantial portion of the equity interest in our controlled homebuilding subsidiaries.
The operating agreements governing our partially owned controlled builders contain buy-sell provisions 
that may be triggered in certain circumstances. In the event that a buy-sell event occurs, our builder 
will have the right to initiate a buy-sell process, which may happen at an inconvenient time for us. In 
the event the buy-sell provisions are exercised at a time when we lack sufficient capital to purchase 
the remaining equity interest, we may elect to sell our equity interest in the entity. We will no longer 
benefit from the future operations of a given entity if we are forced to sell our equity interest. If a 
buy-sell provision is exercised and we elect to purchase the interest in an entity that we do not already 
own, we may be obligated to expend significant capital in order to complete such acquisition, which 
may result in our being unable to pursue other investments or opportunities. If either of these events 
occurs, our revenue and net income could decline or we may not have sufficient capital necessary to 
implement our growth strategy.

Our geographic concentration could materially and adversely affect us if the homebuilding industry in 
our current markets decline.
In  the  Dallas–Fort Worth  metropolitan  area,  we  primarily  operate  in  the  counties  of  Dallas,  Collin, 

Denton, Ellis, Rockwall, Tarrant, Kaufman, Hunt, and Johnson . In Atlanta, we primarily operate in the 
counties of Fulton, Gwinnett, Cobb, Forsyth, Cherokee and Dekalb. In Florida, we primarily operate 
in  the  counties  of  Indian  River  and  St.  Lucie.  We  may  not  realize  our  favorable  growth  outlook  if 
housing demand and population growth stagnate or decrease in our core markets. Furthermore, we 
may  be  unable  to  compete  effectively  with  the  resale  home  market  in  our  core  markets.  Because 
our operations are concentrated in these areas, a prolonged economic downturn in one or more of 
these  areas  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  liquidity,  financial  condition  and 
results  of  operations,  and  a  disproportionately  greater  impact  on  us  than  other  homebuilders with 
more diversified operations. Further, slower rates of population growth or population declines in the 
DFW, Atlanta or Treasure Coast markets, especially as compared to the high population growth rates 
in prior years, could affect the demand for housing, causing home prices in these markets to decline 
and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our developments are subject to government regulations, which could cause us to incur significant 
liabilities or restrict our business activities.
Our developments are subject to numerous local, state, federal and other statutes, ordinances, rules 
and  regulations  concerning  zoning,  development,  building  design,  construction  and  similar  matters 
that impose restrictive zoning and density requirements, which impose limitations on the number and 
type of homes that can be built within the boundaries of a particular area. Projects that are not yet 
entitled may be subjected to periodic delays, changes in use, less intensive development or elimination 
of development in certain specific areas due to government regulations. We may also be subject to 
periodic delays or may be precluded entirely from developing in certain communities due to building 
moratoriums  or  “slow-growth”  or  “no-growth”  initiatives  that  could  be  implemented  in  the  future. 
Local governments also have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development and service 
fees for projects in their jurisdiction. Projects for which we have received land use and development 
entitlements  or  approvals  may  still  require  a  variety  of  other  governmental  approvals  and  permits 
during the development process and can also be impacted adversely by unforeseen health, safety and 
welfare issues, which can further delay these projects or prevent their development. As a result, lot 
and home sales could decline and costs could increase, which could have a material adverse effect on 
our current results of operations and our long-term growth prospects.

Changes in global or regional environmental conditions and governmental actions in response to such 
changes may adversely affect us by increasing the costs of or restricting our planned or future growth 
activities.
There  is  growing  concern  from  many  members  of  the  scientific  community  and  the  general  public 
that  an  increase  in  global  average  temperatures  due  to  emissions  of  greenhouse  gases  and  other 
human activities have caused, or will cause, significant changes in weather patterns and increase the 
frequency and severity of natural disasters. Government mandates, standards or regulations intended 
to  reduce  greenhouse  gas  emissions  or  projected  climate  change  impacts  have  resulted,  and  are 
likely to continue to result, in restrictions on land development in certain areas and increased energy, 
transportation  and  raw  material  costs.  Governmental  requirements  directed  at  reducing  effects  on 
climate could cause us to incur expenses that we cannot recover or that will require us to increase the 
price of homes we sell to the point that it affects demand for those homes.

Our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by a decrease in the value 
of our land or homes and the associated carrying costs.
We  continuously  acquire  land  for  replacement  of  land  inventory  and  expansion  within  our  current 
markets  and  may  in  the  future  acquire  land  for  expansion  into  new  markets.  However,  the  market 
value of land, building lots and housing inventories can fluctuate significantly due to changing market 
conditions. The measures we employ to manage inventory risk may not be adequate to insulate our 
operations  from  a  severe  drop  in  inventory  values.  If  housing  demand  decreases  below  what  we 

anticipated when we acquired our inventory, we may not be able to generate profits consistent with 
those we have generated in the past and we may not be able to recover our costs when we sell lots and 
homes. When market conditions are such that land values are not appreciating, option arrangements 
previously entered into may become less desirable, at which time we may elect to forgo deposits and 
pre-acquisition costs and terminate such arrangements. During adverse market conditions, we may 
have substantially higher inventory carrying costs, may have to write down our inventory as a result 
of impairment and/or may have to sell land or homes at a loss. Any material write-downs of assets, or 
sales at a loss, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Demand for our homes and lots is dependent on the cost and availability of mortgage financing.
Our business depends on the ability of our homebuyers, as well as the ability of those who buy homes 
from  the  third-party  homebuilding  entities  to  which  we  sell  lots  (our  “homebuilding  customers”), 
to  obtain  financing  for  the  purchase  of  their  homes.  Many  of  these  homebuyers  must  sell  their 
existing homes in order to buy a home from us or our homebuilding customers. Rising interest rates, 
decreased availability of mortgage financing or of certain mortgage programs, higher down payment 
requirements or increased monthly mortgage costs may lead to reduced demand for our homes and 
lots.  Higher  interest  rates  can  also  hinder  our  ability  to  realize  our  backlog  because  certain  of  our 
home purchase contracts provide homebuyers with a financing contingency. Financing contingencies 
allow homebuyers to cancel their home purchase contracts in the event that they cannot arrange for 
adequate financing within a certain time period after the execution of the home purchase contracts. 
As a result, rising interest rates can decrease our home sales and mortgage originations. Any of these 
factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition and results 
of operations.

In addition, the federal government has a significant role in supporting mortgage lending through its 
conservatorship  of  Federal  National  Mortgage  Association  (“Fannie  Mae”)  and  Federal  Home  Loan 
Mortgage  Corporation  (“Freddie  Mac”),  both  of  which  purchase  home  mortgages  and  mortgage-
backed securities originated by mortgage lenders, and its insurance of mortgages originated by lenders 
through the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”) and the Veterans Administration (“VA”). The 
availability and affordability of mortgage loans, including consumer interest rates for such loans, could 
be  adversely  affected  by  a  curtailment  or  cessation  of  the  federal  government’s  mortgage-related 
programs  or  policies.  The  FHA  may  continue  to  impose  stricter  loan  qualification  standards,  raise 
minimum down payment requirements, impose higher mortgage insurance premiums and other costs 
and/or  limit  the  number  of  mortgages  it  insures.  Due  to  growing  federal  budget  deficits,  the  U.S. 
Treasury may not be able to continue supporting the mortgage-related activities of Fannie Mae, Freddie 
Mac,  the  FHA  and  the VA  at  present  levels,  or  it  may  revise  significantly  the  federal  government’s 
participation in and support of the residential mortgage market. Because the availability of Fannie Mae, 
Freddie Mac, FHA- and VA-backed mortgage financing is an important factor in marketing and selling 
many  of  our  homes,  any  limitations,  restrictions  or  changes  in  the  availability  of  such  government-
backed  financing  could  reduce  our  home  sales, which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

Any increase in unemployment or underemployment may lead to an increase in the number of loan 
delinquencies and property repossessions, which would have an adverse impact on our business.
People who are unemployed, underemployed, who have left the labor force or are concerned about 
the  loss  of  their  jobs  are  less  likely  to  purchase  new  homes. They  may  also  be  forced  to  sell  their 
homes  as  they  face  difficulties  in  making  required  mortgage  payments.  Therefore,  any  increase  in 
unemployment  or  underemployment  may  lead  to  an  increase  in  the  number  of  loan  delinquencies 
and property repossessions. Such a condition could have an adverse impact on our business both by 
reducing demand for our homes, lots and construction loans and by increasing the supply of homes 
for sale.

49

Increases in the after-tax costs of owning a home could prevent reduce demand for our homes and 
lots.
On  December  22,  2017,  the  U.S.  government  enacted  comprehensive  tax  legislation  commonly 
referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act made major changes to the Internal 
Revenue Code that, in part, affect the after-tax cost of owning a home.  Specifically, the Tax Act limited 
the ability of homebuyers to deduct (i) property taxes, (ii) mortgage interest, and (iii) state and local 
income taxes. The annual deduction for real estate taxes and state and local income taxes (or sales 
taxes in lieu of income taxes) is now generally limited to $10,000. These changes increased the after-
tax cost of owing a new home for many of our potential homebuyers and the potential homebuyers 
of our homebuilding customers.  

If  the  federal  government  or  a  state  government  further  changes  its  income  tax  laws  to  further 
eliminate or substantially limit these income tax deductions, the after-tax cost of owning a new home 
would further increase for many of our potential customers. Proposed legislation that was passed by 
the House of Representatives in November 2021 (the “Build Back Better Act”) would generally raise 
the  deduction  limit  to  $80,000  through  2030,  but  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  this  proposed 
legislation will be enacted and, even if enacted, there may be changes with respect thereto (i.e., that 
would modify the limit) prior to enactment. 

The loss or reduction of these homeowner tax deductions that have historically been available has 
reduced and could further reduce the perceived affordability of homeownership, and therefore the 
demand for and sales price of new homes, including ours. In addition, increases in property tax rates 
or  fees  on  developers  by  local  governmental  authorities,  as  experienced  in  response  to  reduced 
federal and state funding or to fund local initiatives, such as funding schools or road improvements, 
or increases in insurance premiums can adversely affect the ability of potential customers to obtain 
financing or their desire to purchase new homes, and can have an adverse impact on our business and 
financial results.

Severe weather  conditions,  natural  disasters,  acts  of war  or  terrorism  could  increase  our  operating 
expenses and reduce our revenues and cash flows.
The climates and geology of the states in which we operate present increased risks of severe weather 
conditions and natural disasters. The occurrence of severe weather conditions or natural disasters can 
delay new home deliveries and lot development, reduce the availability of materials and/or negatively 
impact the demand for new homes in affected areas. 

Additionally, to the extent that hurricanes, severe storms, earthquakes, tornadoes, droughts, floods, 
wildfires  or  other  natural  disasters  or  similar  events  occur,  our  homes  under  construction  or  our 
lots  under  development  could  be  damaged  or  destroyed, which  may  result  in  losses  exceeding  our 
insurance coverage. Any of these events could increase our operating expenses, impair our cash flows 
and  reduce  our  revenues.  To  the  extent  that  climate  change  increases  the  frequency  and  severity 
of weather-related disasters, we may experience increasing negative weather-related impacts to our 
operations in the future.

Further, acts of war, any outbreak or escalation of hostilities between the United States and any foreign 
power or acts of terrorism may cause disruptions to the U.S. economy or the local economies of the 
markets  in which we  operate,  cause  shortages  of  building  materials,  increase  costs  associated with 
obtaining building materials, result in building code changes that could increase costs of construction, 
affect job growth and consumer confidence or cause economic changes that we cannot anticipate, all 
of which could reduce demand for our lots, homes and construction loans and adversely impact our 
business and results of operations.

High cancellation rates may negatively impact our business.
Our backlog reflects the number and value of homes for which we have entered into non-contingent 
sales contracts with homebuyers but not yet delivered. Although these sales contracts require a cash 
deposit,  a  homebuyer  may  in  certain  circumstances  cancel  the  contract  and  receive  a  complete  or 
partial refund of the deposit because of contract provisions. If home prices decline, the national or 
local homebuilding environment or general economy weakens, our neighboring competitors reduce 
their  sales  prices  (or  increase  their  sales  incentives),  interest  rates  increase  or  the  availability  of 
mortgage  financing  tightens,  homebuyers  may  have  an  incentive  to  cancel  their  contracts with  us, 
even where they might be entitled to no refund or only a partial refund. Significant cancellations could 
have a material adverse effect on our business as a result of lost sales revenue and the accumulation 
of unsold housing inventory.

We may not be able to compete effectively against competitors in the homebuilding, land development 
and financial services industries.
Competition in the land development and homebuilding industries is intense, and there are relatively 
low barriers to entry. Land developers and homebuilders compete for, among other things, homebuyers, 
desirable land parcels, financing, raw materials and skilled labor. Increased competition could hurt our 
business, as it could prevent us from acquiring attractive land parcels for development and resale or 
homebuilding (or make such acquisitions more expensive), hinder our market share expansion and lead 
to pricing pressures that adversely impact our margins and revenues. Our business, liquidity, financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be  materially  and  adversely  affected  if  we  are  unable  to 
compete  successfully.  Our  competitors  may  independently  develop  land  and  construct  housing 
units that are superior or substantially similar to our products. Furthermore, a number of our primary 
competitors are significantly larger, have a longer operating history and may have greater resources 
or lower cost of capital than us. Accordingly, competitors may be able to compete more effectively in 
one or more of the markets in which we operate. Many of these competitors also have longstanding 
relationships with subcontractors and suppliers in the markets in which we operate. Our homebuilding 
business also competes for sales with individual resales of existing homes and with available rental 
housing.

Our  construction  financing  business  competes  with  other  lenders,  including  national,  regional  and 
local banks and other financial institutions, some of which have greater access to capital or different 
lending criteria and may be able to offer more attractive financing to potential homebuyers.

Our  future  growth  may  include  additional  strategic  investments,  joint  ventures,  partnerships  and/
or  acquisitions  of  companies  that  may  not  be  as  successful  as we  anticipate  and  could  disrupt  our 
ongoing businesses and adversely affect our operations.
Our investments in our homebuilding subsidiaries have contributed to our historical growth and similar 
investments  may  be  a  component  of  our  growth  strategy  in  the  future.  We  may  make  additional 
strategic investments, enter into new joint venture or partnership arrangements or acquire businesses, 
some  of which  may  be  significant. These  endeavors  may  involve  significant  risks  and  uncertainties, 
including  distraction  of  management  from  current  operations,  significant  start-up  costs,  insufficient 
revenues to offset expenses associated with these new investments and inadequate return of capital on 
these investments, any of which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 
Our  failure  to  successfully  identify  and  manage  future  investments,  joint  ventures,  partnerships  or 
acquisitions could harm our results of operations.

We are subject to environmental laws and regulations, which may increase our costs, limit the areas in 
which we can build homes and develop land and delay completion of our projects.
We  are  subject  to  several  local,  state,  federal  and  other  statutes,  ordinances,  rules  and  regulations 
concerning the environment. The particular environmental laws that apply to any given homebuilding 

50

or development site vary according to multiple factors, including the site’s location, its environmental 
conditions and the present and former uses of the site, as well as adjoining properties. Environmental 
laws and conditions may result in delays, may cause us to incur substantial compliance and other costs 
and can prohibit or severely restrict homebuilding and land development activity in environmentally 
sensitive  regions  or  areas.  In  addition,  when  an  endangered  or  threatened  species  is  involved, 
environmental  rules  and  regulations  can  result  in  the  restriction  or  elimination  of  development  in 
identified  environmentally  sensitive  areas.  From  time  to  time,  the  United  States  Environmental 
Protection  Agency  and  similar  federal  or  state  agencies  review  homebuilders’  compliance  with 
environmental  laws  and  may  levy  fines  and  penalties  for  failure  to  comply  strictly  with  applicable 
environmental laws or impose additional requirements for future compliance as a result of past failures. 
Any such actions taken with respect to our business may increase our costs. Environmental regulations 
can also have an adverse impact on the availability and price of certain raw materials such as lumber. 
Further, we expect that increasingly stringent requirements will be imposed on homebuilders and land 
developers in the future.

Under  various  environmental  laws,  current  or  former  owners  of  real  estate  may  be  required  to 
investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances and may be held liable to a governmental entity 
or to third parties for related damages, including for bodily injury, and for investigation and clean-up 
costs incurred by such parties in connection with the contamination.

Negative publicity could adversely affect our reputation and business.
Our success also depends on our reputation and our brand image. Any unfavorable media coverage 
related to our industry, brand, personnel or operations may adversely affect our stock price and the 
performance of our business, regardless of its accuracy or inaccuracy. Negative publicity spreads quickly 
through the use of electronic communication, including social media outlets, websites, “tweets”, and 
blogs. Our success in maintaining and expanding our brand image depends on our ability to adapt to 
this rapidly changing media environment. Negative publicity or negative commentary from any media 
outlets could damage our reputation and reduce the demand for our homes, which would adversely 
affect our business.

A  major  health  and  safety  incident  relating  to  our  business  could  be  costly  in  terms  of  potential 
liabilities and reputational damage.
Building  sites  are  inherently  dangerous  and  operating  in  the  land  development  and  homebuilding 
industries poses certain inherent health and safety risks. Our health and safety performance is critical 
to the success of our business given regulatory requirements on points. Any failure in health and safety 
performance may result in penalties for non-compliance with relevant regulatory requirements, and a 
failure that results in a major or significant health and safety incident is likely to be costly in terms of 
potential liabilities incurred as a result. Such a failure could generate significant negative publicity and 
have a corresponding impact on our reputation, our relationships with relevant regulatory agencies 
or  governmental  authorities  and  our  ability  to  attract  employees,  subcontractors  and  homebuyers, 
which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of 
operations.

Most  of  our  potential  homebuyers  engage  local  real  estate  agents  who  are  unaffiliated  with  us  in 
connection with their search for a new home. If we do not maintain good relations with, and a good 
reputation among, these real estate agents, the agents may not encourage potential homebuyers to 
consider,  or  may  actively  discourage  homebuyers  from  considering,  our  communities,  which  could 
adversely affect our results of operations.

Information technology failures and data security breaches could harm our business.
We rely on information technology systems and other computer resources to carry out operational 
and marketing activities, as well as to maintain our business records. As part of our normal business 
activities,  we  may  collect  and  store  certain  confidential  information,  including  information  about 
employees, homebuyers, customers, vendors and suppliers and may share information with vendors 
who assist us with certain aspects of our business. Many of these resources are provided to us and/
or  maintained  on  our  behalf  by  third-party  service  providers  pursuant  to  agreements  that  specify 
certain security and service level standards. Our ability to conduct our business may be impaired if 
these resources are compromised, degraded, damaged or fail, whether due to a virus or other harmful 
circumstance, intentional penetration or disruption of our information technology resources by a third-
party, natural disaster, hardware or software corruption or failure or error (including a failure of security 
controls  incorporated  into  or  applied  to  such  hardware  or  software),  telecommunications  system 
failure, service provider error or failure, intentional or unintentional personnel actions (including the 
failure to follow our security protocols) or lost connectivity to networked resources. 

There has been an increase in cyber-attacks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Breaches of our data 
security systems, including by cyber-attacks, could result in the unintended public disclosure or the 
misappropriation of our proprietary information or personal and confidential information, about our 
employees, consumers who view our homes, homebuyers or business partners, requiring us to incur 
significant expense to address and resolve such issues. The release of confidential information may 
also  lead  to  identity  theft  and  related  fraud,  litigation  or  other  proceedings  against  us  by  affected 
individuals and/or business partners and/or regulators, and the outcome of such proceedings, which 
could include penalties or fines, and any significant disruption of our business could have a material 
and adverse effect on our reputation and cause us to lose homebuyers, customers, sales and revenue. 

Data protection and privacy laws continue to evolve and become more complex in various U.S. federal 
and  state  jurisdictions.  Such  regulatory  changes,  variations  in  requirement  across  jurisdictions  and 
ongoing discussions about a national privacy law could present compliance challenges. The costs of 
complying with such changes could adversely affect our business. 

We maintain insurance coverage for potential breaches but the costs to remedy a breach may not be 
fully covered by our insurance. We provide employee awareness training of cybersecurity threats and 
utilize information technology security experts to assist us in our evaluations of the effectiveness of 
the security of our information technology systems, and we regularly enhance our security measures 
to  protect  our  systems  and  data.  We  use  various  encryption,  tokenization  and  authentication 
technologies to mitigate cybersecurity risks and have increased our monitoring capabilities to enhance 
early detection and rapid response to potential cyber threats.

Poor relations with the residents of our communities, or with local real estate agents, could negatively 
impact our home sales, which could cause our revenues or results of operations to decline.
Residents  of  communities  we  develop  rely  on  us  to  resolve  issues  or  disputes  that  may  arise  in 
connection with the operation or development of their communities. Efforts made by us to resolve 
these issues or disputes could be deemed unsatisfactory by the affected residents and subsequent 
actions  by  these  residents  could  adversely  affect  sales  or  our  reputation.  In  addition,  we  could  be 
required  to  make  material  expenditures  related  to  the  settlement  of  such  issues  or  disputes  or  to 
modify community development plans, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Product liability claims and litigation and warranty claims that arise in the ordinary course of business 
may be costly, which could adversely affect our business.
As  a  homebuilder,  we  are  subject  to  construction  defect  and  home  warranty  claims  arising  in  the 
ordinary course of business. These claims are common in the homebuilding industry and can be costly. 
In addition, the costs of insuring against construction defect and product liability claims are high. This 
coverage may be restricted and become more costly in the future. If the limits or coverages of our 
current and former insurance programs prove inadequate, or we are not able to obtain adequate, or 

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reasonably  priced,  insurance  against  these  types  of  claims  in  the  future,  or  the  amounts  currently 
provided for future warranty or insurance claims are inadequate, we may experience losses that could 
negatively impact our financial results.

Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate because our business is seasonal in nature.
The  homebuilding  industry  experiences  seasonal  fluctuations  in  quarterly  results  of  operations  and 
capital  requirements.  We  typically  experience  the  highest  new  home  order  activity  in  spring  and 
summer, although this activity is also highly dependent on the number of active selling communities, 
timing of new community openings and other market factors. Since it typically takes five to nine months 
to construct a new home, we deliver more homes in the second half of the year as spring and summer 
home orders convert to home deliveries. Because of this seasonality, home starts, construction costs 
and  related  cash  outflows  have  historically  been  highest  in  the  second  and  third  quarters,  and  the 
majority of cash receipts from home deliveries occurs during the second half of the year. We expect 
this seasonal pattern to continue over the long-term, although we may also be affected by volatility in 
the homebuilding industry.

Additionally, weather-related problems may occur, delaying starts or closings or increasing costs and 
reducing profitability. Delays in opening new communities or new sections of existing communities 
could have an adverse impact on home sales and revenues. Expenses are not incurred and recognized 
evenly  throughout  the  year.  Because  of  these  factors,  our  quarterly  results  of  operations  may  be 
uneven and may be marked by lower revenues and earnings in some quarters compared with others.

Shortages or extreme fluctuation in availability of natural resources and utilities could have an adverse 
effect on our operations.
The markets in which we operate may in the future be subject to utility or other resource shortages, 
including significant changes to the availability of electricity and water. Shortages of natural resources 
in our markets, particularly of water, may make it more difficult for us to obtain regulatory approval 
of new developments. We may experience material fluctuations in utility and resource costs across 
our markets, and we may incur additional costs and may not be able to complete construction on a 
timely  basis  if  such  fluctuations  arise.  Furthermore,  these  shortages  and  interest  rate  fluctuations 
may adversely affect the regional economies in which we operate, which may reduce demand for our 
homes, lots and construction loans and negatively affect our business and results of operations.

Our business and financial results could be adversely affected by the failure of persons who act on our 
behalf to comply with applicable regulations and guidelines.
Although we expect all of our employees, officers and directors to comply at all times with all applicable 
laws, rules and regulations, there may be instances in which subcontractors or others through whom 
we  do  business  engage  in  practices  that  do  not  comply  with  applicable  regulations  or  guidelines. 
Should we learn of practices relating to homes we build, lots we develop or financing we provide that 
do  not  comply with  applicable  regulations  or  guidelines, we would  move  actively  to  stop  the  non-
complying practices as soon as possible and would take disciplinary action with regard to employees 
who were aware of the practices and did not take steps to address them, including terminating their 
employment when necessary. However, regardless of the steps we take after we learn of practices 
that do not comply with applicable regulations or guidelines, we can in some instances be subject to 
fines  or  other  governmental  penalties,  and  our  reputation  can  be  injured  due  to  the  occurrence  of 
such practices.

or in the future covered by our insurance policies or otherwise be subject to significant deductibles or 
limits. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur or be subject to deductibles, 
we could sustain financial loss or lose capital invested in the affected property as well as anticipated 
future income from that property. In addition, we could be liable to repair damage or meet liabilities 
caused by risks that are uninsured or subject to deductibles. We may be liable for any debt or other 
financial obligations related to an affected property. Material losses or liabilities in excess of insurance 
proceeds may occur in the future.

Products supplied to us and work done by subcontractors can expose us to risks that could adversely 
affect our business. 
We rely on subcontractors to perform the actual construction of our homes, and, in some cases, to 
select and obtain building materials. Despite our detailed specifications and quality control procedures, 
subcontractors  may  use  improper  construction  processes  or  defective  materials  in  some  cases. 
Defective products widely used by the homebuilding industry can require extensive repairs to large 
numbers of homes. The cost of complying with our warranty obligations may be significant if we are 
unable to recover the cost of repairs from subcontractors, materials suppliers and insurers.

Laws and regulations governing the residential mortgage industry could have an adverse effect on our 
business and financial results. 
In  2018  and  2020,  we  established  joint  ventures,  Green  Brick  Mortgage  and  BHome  Mortgage, 
respectively, to provide mortgage related services to homebuyers. The residential mortgage lending 
industry remains under intense scrutiny and is heavily regulated at the federal, state and local levels. 
Although  we  do  not  originate  mortgages,  we  are  directly  or  indirectly  subject  to  certain  of  these 
regulations.  Changes  to  existing  laws  or  regulations  or  adoption  of  new  laws  or  regulations  could 
require our joint venture to incur significant compliance costs. A material failure to comply with any of 
these laws or regulations could result in the loss or suspension of required licenses or other approvals, 
the imposition of monetary penalties, and restitution awards or other relief. Any of these outcomes 
could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Financing and Capital Structure

Changes in the method pursuant to which LIBOR and other benchmark rates are determined could 
negatively impact our business and results of operations.

We are responsible for certain floating-obligations, hedging transactions, and floating-rate commercial 
loans  that  determine  their  payment  amount  or  applicable  interest  rate  by  reference  to  the  London 
Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). The United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates 
LIBOR, has announced that it will no longer persuade or compel banks to submit rates to calculate 
LIBOR after 2021. In March 2021, the ICE Benchmark Administration Limited, which administrates 
LIBOR, extended the transition dates of certain LIBOR tenors to June 30, 2023, after which LIBOR 
reference rates will no longer be provided. Regardless of this deferral, the administrator of LIBOR has 
advised that no new contracts using U.S. Dollar LIBOR should be entered into after December 31, 
2021.  It  is  not  clear whether  banks will  continue  to voluntarily  submit  rates  to  calculate  LIBOR,  or 
whether LIBOR will continue to be published by its administrator based on these submissions, or any 
other basis, after December 31, 2021. 

We may suffer uninsured losses or suffer material losses in excess of insurance limits.
We could suffer physical damage to property or incur liabilities resulting in losses that may not be fully 
recoverable by insurance. In addition, certain types of risks, such as personal injury claims, may be, or 
may become in the future, either uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may not be currently 

Certain regulators, industry groups and committees such as the Alternative Reference Rates Committee 
(ARRC) have, among other things, suggested fallback language for LIBOR-linked financial instruments, 
identified  recommended  alternatives  for  certain  LIBOR  rates,  such  as  the  Secured  Overnight 
Financing  Rate  (SOFR)  as  an  alternative  to  U.S.  Dollar  LIBOR,  and  proposed  the  implementation 
of  the  recommended  alternatives  in  floating  rate  instruments.  It  is  currently  not  clear  how  these 

52

recommendations and proposals will be broadly accepted, whether they will continue to evolve, and 
how their implementation would affect the markets for floating-rate financial instruments. At this time, 
we are not able to predict the impact of these developments, or any discontinuance, modification or 
other reforms may have on LIBOR, other benchmarks or floating-rate debt instruments, including our 
floating-rate debt. Any such discontinuance, modification, alternative reference rates or other reforms 
may materially and negatively affect interest rates on our current indebtedness. 

We may be unable to obtain suitable bonding for the development of our housing projects.
We are periodically required to provide bonds to governmental authorities and others to ensure the 
completion  of  our  projects.  Depending  on  market  conditions,  surety  providers  may  be  reluctant  to 
issue new bonds and may request credit enhancements (such as cash deposits or letters of credit) in 
order to maintain existing bonds or to issue new bonds. If we are unable to obtain required bonds for 
our future projects, or if we are required to provide credit enhancements with respect to our current 
or future bonds, our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations could be materially 
and adversely affected.

A negative change in our credit rating could adversely affect our business.
Our  business  requires  access  to  capital  on  favorable  terms  to  service  our  indebtedness,  cover  our 
operating expenses and fund other liquidity needs. Negative rating actions by credit agencies such as 
downgrades increase the cost to access capital and make it difficult for us to meet our liquidity needs. 
Any  downgrade  of  our  credit  rating  by  any  of  the  principal  credit  agencies  may  exacerbate  these 
difficulties. There are no assurances that we will not experience downgrades in our credit ratings in 
the future, whether due to worsening macroeconomic conditions, a downturn in the housing industry, 
failure to successfully execute our business strategy, or the adverse impact on our results of operations 
or liquidity position of any of the above or otherwise. 

Difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital could result in an inability to acquire land for our developments 
or increased costs and delays in the completion of development projects.
The homebuilding industry is capital-intensive and requires significant up-front expenditures to acquire 
land parcels and begin development. Land acquisition, development and construction activities may 
be  adversely  affected  by  any  shortage  or  increased  cost  of  financing  or  the  unwillingness  of  third 
parties to engage in partnerships, joint ventures or other alternative arrangements.

In addition to the financing provided by the senior unsecured notes, we currently have access to a 
senior  secured  revolving  credit  facility  and  a  senior  unsecured  revolving  credit  facility.  We  cannot 
ensure that we will be able to extend the maturity of these credit facilities or arrange another facility 
on acceptable terms or at all.

Furthermore,  in  the  future, we  may  seek  additional  capital  in  the  form  of  equity  or  debt  financing 
from  a variety  of  potential  sources,  including  additional  bank  financings  and/or  securities  offerings. 
The availability of borrowed funds, especially for land acquisition and construction financing, may be 
greatly reduced nationally, and the lending community may require increased amounts of equity to be 
invested in a project by borrowers in connection with both new loans and the extension of existing 
loans. The  credit  and  capital  markets  are  subject  to volatility.  If we  are  required  to  seek  additional 
financing to fund our operations, volatility in these markets may restrict our flexibility to access such 
financing. If we are not successful in obtaining sufficient capital to fund our planned capital and other 
expenditures,  we  may  be  unable  to  acquire  land  for  our  housing  developments  and/or  to  develop 
the housing. Any difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital for planned development expenditures could 
also cause project delays and any such delay could result in cost increases. Any one or more of the 
foregoing events could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition and 
results of operations.

Our debt instruments contain limitations and restrictions that could prevent us from capitalizing on 
business opportunities and could adversely affect our growth. 
Our revolving credit facilities and the terms of our senior unsecured notes impose certain restrictions 
on  our  and  certain  of  our  subsidiaries’  operations  and  activities  and  require  us  to  maintain  certain 
financial covenants. The most significant restrictions relate to debt incurrence (including non-recourse 
indebtedness),  creation  of  liens,  repayment  of  certain  indebtedness  prior  to  its  respective  stated 
maturity, sales of assets, cash distributions (including paying dividends), capital stock repurchases, and 
investments by us and certain of our subsidiaries. These restrictions may prevent us from capitalizing 
on business opportunities and could adversely affect our growth.

The restrictions in our debt instruments could prohibit or restrict our and certain of our subsidiaries’ 
activities,  such  as  undertaking  capital  raising  or  restructuring  activities  or  entering  into  other 
transactions. In addition, if we fail to comply with these restrictions, an event of default could occur 
and our debt under these debt instruments could become due and payable prior to maturity. Any such 
event of default could lead to cross defaults under certain of our other debt or negatively impact other 
covenants. In any of these situations, we may be unable to amend the applicable instrument or obtain 
a waiver without significant additional cost, or at all. Any such situation could have a material adverse 
effect on our liquidity and financial condition.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

The price of our common stock may continue to be volatile.
The trading price of our common stock is highly volatile and could be subject to future fluctuations in 
response to a number of factors beyond our control. In recent years the stock market has experienced 
significant  price  and  volume  fluctuations.  These  fluctuations  may  be  unrelated  to  the  operating 
performance  of  particular  companies.  These  broad  market  fluctuations  may  cause  declines  in  the 
market price of our common stock. The price of our common stock could fluctuate based upon factors 
that have little or nothing to do with us or our performance, and those fluctuations could materially 
reduce our common stock price. If we fail to meet expectations related to future growth, profitability 
or other market expectations, our stock price may decline significantly, which could have a material 
adverse impact on investor confidence and our stock price. 

Future issuances of our common stock or Series A preferred stock could adversely affect the market 
for our common and preferred stock or dilute the ownership interest of our shareholders. 
We are not restricted from issuing additional shares of our common stock or our Series A preferred 
stock, including securities that could be converted into or exchanged for, or that represent the right 
to  receive,  shares  of  our  common  or  preferred  stock.  For  example,  in  December  2021, we  offered 
2,000,000 depositary shares representing shares of our 5.75% cumulative perpetual preferred stock. 
If  we  issue  a  substantial  number  of  shares  of  common  or  Series  A  preferred  stock,  or  depositary 
shares representing interests in our preferred stock, or if the expectation of such issuances is broadly 
disseminated  in  the  market,  including  in  connection with  any  acquisitions,  the  market  price  for  our 
common, preferred or depositary shares could be adversely affected, and our shareholders’ interest 
could be diluted. Our decision to issue equity securities will depend on market conditions and other 
factors, and we cannot predict or estimate with certainty the amount, timing or nature of potential 
future issuances. Accordingly, our shareholders bear the risk that such future equity issuances could 
reduce market price and dilute their stock holding with us. We currently have 50,759,972 shares of 
common stock and 2,000 shares of series A preferred stock outstanding. 

Our common and preferred stock are equity securities and are subordinate to our existing and future 
indebtedness  and  effectively  subordinated  to  all  indebtedness  and  other  non-equity  claims  against 
our subsidiaries. 

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Shares of our common stock and preferred stock are equity interests and do not constitute indebtedness. 
Accordingly, shares of our common stock and depositary shares, which represent a fractional interest 
in our Series A preferred stock, will rank junior to all of our existing and future indebtedness (including 
indebtedness convertible into our common stock or preferred stock), to the indebtedness and other 
liabilities of our existing or future subsidiaries, and to other non-equity claims against us and our assets 
available to satisfy claims against us, including in the event of liquidation. Moreover, holders of our 
depositary  shares  and  outstanding  preferred  stock  have  preferential  dividend  and  liquidation  rights 
compared to holders of our common stock. We are permitted to incur additional debt. In the event 
of a bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, lenders and holders of our debt 
securities would receive distributions of our available assets prior to holders of our common stock, 
depositary  shares  and  other  outstanding  preferred  stock.  Additionally,  our  right  to  participate  in  a 
distribution of assets upon any of its subsidiaries’ liquidation or reorganization is subject to prior claims 
of that subsidiary’s creditors, including holders of any preferred stock of that subsidiary. 

Certain large stockholders own a significant percentage of our shares and exert significant influence 
over us. Their interests may not coincide with ours and they may make decisions with which we may 
disagree.
Greenlight Capital, Inc. and its affiliates (“Greenlight”) and James R. Brickman own approximately 34% 
and 3%, respectively, of our voting power. These large stockholders, acting together, could determine 
substantially all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval 
of significant corporate transactions, such as a sale or other change of control transaction. In addition, 
this concentration of ownership may delay or prevent a change in control within us and make some 
transactions more difficult or impossible without the support of these stockholders. The interests of 
these stockholders may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders. 
Accordingly,  these  stockholders  could  cause  us  to  enter  into  transactions  or  agreements  that  you 
would not approve or make decisions with which you may disagree.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.
We have not paid any dividends since our inception and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends 
on  our  common  stock  in  the  foreseeable  future.  Any  payment  of  future  dividends  will  be  at  the 
discretion  of  our  Board  of  Directors  (the  “Board”)  and  will  depend  upon,  among  other  things,  our 
earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, levels of indebtedness, statutory and contractual 
restrictions applying to the payment of dividends or contained in our financing instruments and other 
considerations that the Board deems relevant. Investors must rely on sales of their common stock after 
price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize a return on their investment. 
Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock.

Certain large stockholders’ shares have been and may in the future be sold into the market, which 
could cause the market price of our common stock to decrease significantly.
We believe that a significant portion of our common stock beneficially owned by Greenlight and Mr. 
Brickman  are  “restricted  securities”  within  the  meaning  of  the  federal  securities  laws.  We  entered 
into  registration  rights  agreements with  each  of  these  parties  in  2014 which  provide  these  parties 
the right to require us to register the resale of their shares under certain circumstances. In December 
2020, 24,118,668 shares held by Greenlight were registered for resale on Form S-3 in accordance 
with the registration rights agreement. These shares may be sold in the market at any time, subject to 
compliance with securities laws. If these holders sell substantial amounts of these shares, the price of 
our common stock could decline. In addition, the sale of these shares could impair our ability to raise 
capital through the sale of additional equity securities. 

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ITEM 1B.     UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

ITEM 3.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None. 

ITEM 2.     PROPERTIES

We  are  involved  in  various  claims  and  litigation  arising  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  We  do 
not believe that any such claims and litigation will have a material adverse effect upon our results of 
operations or financial position.

We  lease  our  principal  executive  office  located  at  2805  Dallas  Parkway,  Suite  400,  Plano,  Texas, 
75093. Our homebuilding and title division offices are located in leased space in the markets where we 
conduct business. We believe that such properties are suitable and adequate to meet the needs of our 
businesses. Because of the nature of our homebuilding operations, we and our builders hold significant 
amounts of property as inventory in connection with our homebuilding business. We discuss these 
properties in the discussion of our homebuilding operations in Part I, Item 1 and Part II, Item 7 of this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 4.     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X
C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Bu f f a l o   R i d g e   -  Wa x a h a c h i e ,  T X

55
55

PART II
ITEM  5.          MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information
Our common stock trades on The New York Stock Exchange Capital Market under the symbol “GRBK”. 

Holders of Record
On February 25, 2022, there were 17 stockholders of record of our common stock. We believe the 
number of beneficial owners of our common stock is substantially greater than the number of record 
holders because a large portion of our outstanding common stock is held of record in broker “street 
names”  for  the  benefit  of  individual  investors.  As  of  February  25,  2022,  there  were  50,759,972 
common shares outstanding.

Dividends on Common Shares
We have not paid any dividends since our inception and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash 
dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently anticipate that we will retain 
all of our available cash for general corporate purposes. Payment of future dividends, if any, will be at 
the discretion of our Board and will depend on many factors, including general economic and business 
conditions, our strategic plans, our financial results and condition, legal requirements and other factors 
as our Board deems relevant.

Common Stock Performance Graph 
The following graph compares the five-year cumulative total return on our common stock, assuming 
$100 was  invested  on  December  31,  2016, with  the  cumulative  total  returns  of  the  Russell  3000 
Index and the S&P Homebuilders Select Industry Index for the periods ended December 31. 

ITEM 6.     RESERVED

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G H O   Ho m e s   |   B e n t   P i n e   Pre s e r ve   -  Ve ro   B e a c h ,   F L
G H O   Ho m e s   |   B e n t   P i n e   Pre s e r ve   -  Ve ro   B e a c h ,   F L

 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the 
securities laws. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, 
many of which are beyond our control. All statements other than statements of historical facts included 
or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the statements regarding 
our  strategy,  future  operations,  financial  position,  estimated  revenues,  projected  costs,  prospects, 
plans, and objectives, are forward-looking statements. When used in this Annual Report, the words 
“will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” and similar expressions are 
intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain 
these identifying words. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations reflected 
in  or  suggested  by  the  forward-looking  statements  we  make  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K 
are reasonable, we cannot assure you that these plans, intentions, or expectations will be achieved.  
Forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K 
include statements concerning (1) our balance sheet strategy and belief that we have ample liquidity; 
(2)  our  goals  and  strategies  and  their  anticipated  benefits,  including  expansion  into  new  markets; 
(3) the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the homebuilding industry and our results of operations, 
business and liquidity; (4) our intentions and the expected benefits and advantages of our product 
and  land  positioning  strategies;  (5)  our  expectations  regarding  the  timing  of  backlog  fulfillment;  (6) 
expectations  regarding  our  industry  and  our  business  in  2021  and  beyond;  (7)  the  contribution  of 
certain market factors to our growth; (8) our land and lot acquisition strategy; (9) the sufficiency of 
our capital resources to support our business strategy and to service our debt; (10) the impact of new 
accounting  standards  and  changes  in  accounting  estimates;  (11)  trends  and  expectations  regarding 
sales prices, sales orders, cancellations, construction costs, gross margins, land costs and profitability 
and future home inventories; (12) our future cash needs; (13) our strategy to utilize leverage to invest 
in our business; (14) seasonal factors and the impact of seasonality in future quarters; and (15) our 
expectations regarding access to additional growth capital.

These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and are subject to 
risks, uncertainties and assumptions. We wish to caution readers that certain important factors may 
have affected and could in the future affect our actual results and could cause actual results to differ 
significantly from what is anticipated by our forward-looking statements.  These risks include, but are 
not limited to: (1) continuing impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) general economic conditions, 
seasonality, cyclicality and competition in the homebuilding industry; (3) changes in macroeconomic 
conditions,  including  interest  rates  and  unemployment  rates,  that  could  adversely  impact  demand 
for  new  homes  or  the  ability  of  our  buyers  to  qualify;  (4)  shortages,  delays  or  increased  costs  of 
raw materials, especially in light of COVID-19, or increases in the Company’s other operating costs, 
including costs related to labor, real estate taxes and insurance, which in each case exceed our ability 
to increase prices; (5) a shortage of labor, (6) an inability to acquire land in our markets at anticipated 
prices  or  difficulty  in  obtaining  land-use  entitlements;  (7)  our  inability  to  successfully  execute  our 
strategies, including an inability to expand our Trophy brand; (8) a failure to recruit, retain or develop 
highly  skilled  and  competent  employees;  (9)  government  regulation  risks;  (10)  a  lack  of  availability 
or volatility  of  mortgage  financing  or  a  rise  in  interest  rates;  (11)  severe weather  events  or  natural 
disasters; (12) difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital to fund our growth; (13) our ability to meet our 
debt service obligations; (14) a decline in the value of our inventories and resulting write-downs of the 
carrying value of our real estate assets; (15) changes in accounting standards that adversely affect our 
reported earnings or financial condition.  

after the date of those statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events, 
except to the extent we are legally required to disclose certain matters in SEC filings or otherwise.

ITEM  7.          MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION 
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For business overview and developments during the year ended December 31, 2021, refer to Part I, 
Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview and Outlook

Our  key  financial  and  operating  metrics  are  home  deliveries,  home  closings  revenue,  average  sales 
price of homes delivered, and net new home orders, which refers to sales contracts executed reduced 
by the number of sales contracts canceled during the relevant period. Our results for each key financial 
and operating metric, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020, are provided below:

Home deliveries

Home closings revenue

Average sales price of homes delivered

Net new home orders

Year Ended 
December 31, 2021

Increased by 28.4%

Increased by 41.3%

Increased by 10.1%

Decreased by 1.2%

The United States has been impacted by the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic. However, throughout 
the pandemic, we have continued to build, close and sell homes in our markets. The overwhelming 
expansion of our revenues is attributable to the strong performance of our new Trophy brand division, 
and the impact of macroeconomic factors such as low interest rates, an influx of millennia first-time 
home buyers and demand for suburban homes from apartment dwellers in response to COVID-19. 
The significant increase in new home demand has, in turn, led to increased demand for labor and the 
raw materials, products and appliances for new homes. Due to the increased demand, we have and 
expect to continue to experience increases in cost and decreased availability of skilled labor as well as 
increases, shortages and significant extensions to our lead time for the delivery of key materials and 
inputs.

2021 Developments 

From October 2020 to October 2021, homes in the DFW and Atlanta markets appreciated by 24.6% 
and  21.4%,  respectively,  compared  to  18.4%  average  appreciation  for  20  major  U.S.  metropolitan 
areas  (Source:  S&P  Dow  Jones  Indices  &  CoreLogic,  October  31,  2021).  Among  the  12  largest 
metropolitan areas in the country, the Dallas area ranked third and the Atlanta area ranked seventh 
in annual rate of job growth from November 2020 to November 2021 (Source: US Bureau of Labor 
Statistics, November 2021). We believe that we operate in two of the most desirable housing markets 
in the nation and that increasing demand and supply constraints in our target markets create favorable 
conditions for our future growth.

Results of Operations

Please see “Risk Factors” located in Part I, Item 1A in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further 
discussion  of  these  and  other  risks  and  uncertainties  which  could  affect  our  future  results.  We 
undertake no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances 

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2020 
Residential Units Revenue and New Homes Delivered
The table below represents residential units revenue and new homes delivered for the years ended 
December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands):

57

56

Home closings revenue

Mechanic’s lien contracts revenue

Residential units revenue

New homes delivered

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

Change

%

$ 

1,305,620  $ 

923,901  $  381,719 

41.3%

4,067 

6,275 

(2,208)

(35.2)%

$ 

1,309,687  $ 

930,176  $  379,511 

40.8%

2,834 

2,208 

626 

28.4%

Average sales price of homes delivered

$ 

460.7  $ 

418.4  $ 

42.3 

10.1%

The $379.5 million increase in residential units revenue was driven by the 10.1% increase in the average sales price of homes delivered 
for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the 28.4% increase in the number of homes delivered. The 10.1% increase in the average 
sales price of homes delivered for the year ended December 31, 2021 was attributable to overall price increases driven by high demand 
and low supply of inventory.

New Home Orders and Backlog
The  table  below  represents  new  home  orders  and  backlog  related  to  our  builder  operations  segments,  excluding  mechanic’s  liens 
contracts (dollars in thousands):

Net new home orders

Cancellation rate

Absorption rate per average active selling community per 
quarter

Average active selling communities

Active selling communities at end of period

Backlog

Backlog (units)

Average sales price of backlog

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

Change

2,851

7.7%

8.2

87

74

2,885  

13.0%  

7.5  

96  

103  

(34)

(5.3)%

0.7

(9)

(29)

$869,856

$686,861

$182,995

1,480

$587.7

1,463  

$469.5

17

$118.2

%

(1.2)%

(40.8)%

9.3%

(9.4)%

(28.2)%

26.6%

1.2%

25.2%

Net new home orders decreased by 1.2% over the prior year period and our absorption rate per average active selling community 
increased 9.3% year over year. The absorption rate per average active selling community per quarter of 8.2 homes during the year 
ended December 31, 2021, was a direct result of pro-active metering of home sales by withholding homes from sale and by limiting 
sales per community to better align the absorption rate of sales with the ability to deliver new homes. Because of rising input costs and 
strong sales demand, we prefer to increase our level of spec inventory than sell as many homes yet to be built. The absorption rate per 
average active selling community per quarter of 8.2 homes during the year ended  December 31, 2021, exceed the 5.6 net new home 
orders during the year ended December 31, 2019 by 46.4%.

Backlog refers to homes under sales contracts that have not yet closed at the end of the relevant period, and absorption rate refers 
to the rate at which net new home orders are contracted per average active selling community during the relevant period. Upon a 
cancellation, the escrow deposit may be returned to the prospective purchaser. Accordingly, backlog may not be indicative of our future 
revenue.

Our cancellation rate, which refers to sales contracts canceled divided by sales contracts executed during the relevant period, was 
7.7% for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to 13.0% for the year ended December 31, 2020. Sales contracts relating 
to  homes  in  backlog  may  be  canceled  by  the  prospective  purchaser  for  a  number  of  reasons,  such  as  the  prospective  purchaser’s 
inability to obtain suitable mortgage financing. Upon a cancellation, the escrow deposit may be returned to the prospective purchaser. 
Management believes a cancellation rate in the range of 15% to 20% is representative of an industry average cancellation rate. Our 
cancellation rate is on the lower end of the industry average, which we believe is due to favorable market conditions through December 
31, 2021. 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a ke p o i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L a ke p o i n t e   -   L a vo n ,  T X

58
58

 
 
 
 
 
 
The $183.0 million increase in value of backlog was due to the 25.2% increase in the average sales 
price of backlog and the 1.2% increase in the number of homes in backlog. The increase of the average 
sales price of homes in backlog was the result of price increases driven by the high demand and low 
supply of inventory. 

Residential Units Gross Margin
The table below represents the components of residential units gross margin (dollars in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

Home closings revenue

$1,305,620  

100.0%

$923,901  

100.0%

Cost of homebuilding units

Homebuilding gross margin

961,115  

$344,505  

73.6%

26.4%

700,771  

$223,130  

75.8%

24.2%

Mechanic’s lien contracts 
revenue
Cost of mechanic’s lien con-
tracts
Mechanic’s lien contracts 
gross margin

$4,067  

100.0%

$6,275  

100.0%

3,249  

$818  

79.9%

20.1%

5,095  

$1,180  

81.2%

18.8%

Residential units revenue

$1,309,687  

100.0%

$930,176  

100.0%

Cost of residential units

964,364  

Residential units gross margin

$345,323  

73.6%

26.4%

705,866  

$224,310  

75.9%

24.1%

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
The table below represents the components of selling, general and administrative expense (dollars in 
thousands):

Builder operations

Land development

Corporate, other and unallocated (income) 
expense
Total selling, general and administrative 
expenses

Years Ended December 31,

As Percentage of  
Segment Revenue

2021

2020

2021

2020

$135,464

$108,436

10.1%  

11.6%

880

1,411  

1.4%  

3.3%

(2,075)

2,287  

—%  

—%

$134,269

$112,134  

9.6%  

11.5%

The 1.9% decrease of total selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue was  
primarily driven by the leverage of higher revenues without a corresponding increase in the level of 
overhead costs.

Builder Operations
Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue for builder operations decreased 
by 1.5% due to an increase in builder operations revenues without a corresponding increase in the 
level of overhead costs. Builder operations expenditures include salary expenses, sales commissions, 
and community costs such as advertising and marketing expenses, rent, professional fees, and non-
capitalized property taxes. 

Cost of residential units for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased by $258.5 million, or 36.6%, 
compared to the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to the 28.4% increase in the number 
of new homes delivered in addition to increasing levels of cost input prices.

Land Development
The 1.9% decrease in selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue for land 
development was primarily attributable to an increase in land development segment revenues.

Residential units gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased to 26.4%, compared 
to  24.1% for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily because of overall price increases that 

outpaced the levels of cost input price increases.

Land and Lots Revenue
The table below represents lots closed and land and lots revenue (dollars in thousands):

Lots revenue

Land revenue

Land and lots revenue

Lots closed

Average sales price of lots closed

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

Change

%

$24,866

68,323

$93,189

323

$77.0

$45,461

$(20,595)

(45.3)%

384

67,939

17,692.4%

$45,845

$47,344

103.3%

375

(52)

$121.2

$(44.2)

(13.9)%

(36.5)%

The 45.3% decrease in lots revenue was driven by the 13.9% decrease in the number of lots closed and 
a higher proportion of lots developed for internal use. The average lot price decreased by 36.5% due 
to a higher number of entry level lots sold. Land revenue represents land acquired that also included 
parcels zoned for retail and multi-family properties, as well as the sale of 50% interest in communities 
to other public homebuilders at zero profit where we enter into co-development agreements to split 
certain larger lot-count communities.

Corporate, Other and Unallocated
Selling,  general and administrative expense  for the  corporate, other and unallocated non-operating 
segment for the year ended December 31, 2021 was income of $2.1 million, compared to expense 
of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The change is primarily due to an increase in 
capitalized overhead adjustments that are not allocated to builder operations and land development 
segments. 

Equity in Income of Unconsolidated Entities
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities increased to $19.7 million, or 18.4%, for the year ended 
December 31, 2021, compared to $16.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily due 
to an increase in earnings from GB Challenger. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements 
included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a summary of Green Brick’s share in 
net earnings by unconsolidated entity.

Other Income, Net
Other income, net, increased to $9.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to 
$4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The change is primarily due to an increase in title 
closing and settlement services of $3.5 million arising from higher volume of closings during the year 
ended December 31, 2021 and to $1.5 million of allowances for option deposits and pre-acquisition 
costs caused by COVID-19 pandemic considerations recorded during the year ended December 31, 
2020. 

58

59

Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense increased to $52.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 from $25.0 
million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020.  The  increase  was  partially  due  to  higher  taxable 
income. Also, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized favorable federal energy tax 
credits from building energy-efficient homes in prior tax years. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources Overview
As  of  December  31,  2021  and  December  31,  2020,  we  had  $78.7  million  and  $19.5  million  of 
unrestricted cash, respectively. Our historical cash management strategy includes redeploying net cash 
from the sale of home inventory to acquire and develop land and lots that represent opportunities to 
generate desired margins and using cash to make additional investments in business acquisitions, joint 
ventures, or other strategic activities. 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019 
For discussion and analysis of our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 as well 
as for comparison to our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019, refer to Item 7 
of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Lots Owned and Controlled
The  following  table  presents  the  lots we  owned  or  controlled,  including  lot  option  contracts,  as  of 
December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Owned lots are those for which we hold title, while 
controlled lots are lots past feasibility studies for which we do not hold title but have the contractual 
right to acquire title.

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Lots owned
Central
Southeast

Total lots owned

Lots controlled (1)

Central
Southeast

Total lots controlled
Total lots owned and controlled (1) 
Percentage of lots owned

(1) Total lots excludes lots with homes under construction.

17,767
2,472
20,23

7,321
1,061
8,382
28,621

70.7%             

6,823
2,097
8,920

4,398
1,150
5,548
14,468

61.7%

Our principal uses of capital for the year ended December 31, 2021 were home construction, land 
purchases, land development, operating expenses, and payment of routine liabilities. We used funds 
generated by operations and available borrowings to meet our short-term working capital requirements. 
We remain focused on generating positive margins in our builder operations segments and acquiring 
desirable land positions in order to maintain a strong balance sheet and remain poised for continued 
growth.

Cash flows for each of our communities depend on the community’s stage in the development cycle 
and can differ substantially from reported earnings. Early stages of development or expansion require 
significant cash outlays for land acquisitions, entitlements and other approvals, roads, utilities, general 
landscaping and other amenities. These costs are a component of our inventory and are not recognized 
in our statement of income until a home closes. In the later stages of community development, cash 
inflows  may  significantly  exceed  earnings  reported  for  financial  statement  purposes,  as  the  cash 
outflows associated with home construction and land development previously occurred. 

Our debt to total capitalization ratio, which is calculated as the sum of borrowings on lines of credit, 
the  senior  unsecured  notes  and  notes  payable,  net  of  debt  issuance  costs,  divided  by  the  total 
capitalization, which equals the sum of Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity and total debt, 
was approximately 27.7% as of December 31, 2021. In addition, as of December 31, 2021, our net 
debt to total capitalization ratio, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, remained low at 22.7%. It is 
our intent to prudently employ leverage to continue to invest in our land acquisition, development and 
homebuilding businesses. We target a debt to total capitalization ratio of approximately 30% to 35%, 
which we expect will provide us with significant additional growth capital. 

The  following  table  presents  additional  information  on  the  lots  we  controlled  as  of  December  31, 
2021 and December 31, 2020.

Reconciliation of a Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Lots under third party option contracts
Land under option for future acquisition and development
Lots under option through unconsolidated development 
joint ventures
Total lots controlled

December 31, 
2021
2,740  
3,826  

December 31, 
2020
2,970
740

1,816  

8,382  

1,838

5,548

The following table presents additional information on the lots we owned as of December 31, 2021 
and December 31, 2020.

Total lots owned
Land under option for future acquisition and development
Lots under option through unconsolidated development 
joint ventures
Total lots self-developed
Self-developed lots as a percentage of total lots owned and 
controlled

60

December 31, 
2021
20,239  
3,826  

December 31, 
2020
8,920
740

1,816  

25,881  

90.4%  

1,838

11,498

79.5%

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we utilize a financial measure of net debt to total capitalization 
ratio that is a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission. 
Net debt to total capitalization is calculated as the total debt less cash and cash equivalents, divided 
by the sum of total Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity and total debt less cash and cash 
equivalents. We present this measure because we believe it is useful to management and investors 
in evaluating our financing structure. We also believe this measure facilitates the comparison of our 
financing structure with other companies in our industry. Because this measure is not calculated in 
accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), it may not be comparable 
to other similarly titled measures of other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a 
substitute for, or superior to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. 

The closest GAAP financial measure to the net debt to total capitalization ratio is the debt to total 
capitalization ratio. The following table represents a reconciliation of the net debt to total capitalization 
ratio to the closest GAAP financial measure as of December 31, 2021. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross

Cash and cash  
equivalents

Net

Total debt, net of debt issuance costs

$334,918

$(78,696)

$256,222

Total Green Brick Partners, Inc. 
 stockholders’ equity

Total capitalization

874,548

—

874,548

$1,209,466

$(78,696)

$1,130,770

outstanding which were each issued pursuant to a note purchase agreement. The aggregate amount 
of senior unsecured notes outstanding was $335.4 million as of December 31, 2021, up from $111.1 
million as of December 31, 2020 due to the issuance of the 2028 and 2029 notes as discussed below. 
In August 2019, we issued $75 million of senior unsecured notes (the “2026 Notes”). Interest accrues 
at an annual rate of 4.0% and is payable quarterly. Principal on the 2026 Notes is required to be paid 
in increments of $12.5 million on August 8, 2024 and $12.5 million on August 8, 2025 with a final 
principal payment of $50.0 million on August 8, 2026.

Debt to total capitalization ratio

27.7%

Net debt to total capitalization ratio

Key Sources of Liquidity

22.7%

In  August  2020,  we  issued  $37.5  million  of  senior  unsecured  notes  (the  “2027  Notes”).  Interest 
accrues at an annual rate of 3.35% and is payable quarterly. Principal on the 2027 Notes is due on 
August 26, 2027.

Our key sources of liquidity were funds generated by operations and provided by lines of credit and 
issuance of senior unsecured notes and preferred stock during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Debt Instruments

 Borrowings on lines of credit outstanding, net of debt issuance costs, as of December 31, 2021 and 
December 31, 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Secured Revolving Credit Facility 

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

Debt issuance costs, net of amortization

Total borrowings on lines of credit, net

$ 

$2,000

— 

(2,738)  

(738) $ 

$7,000

101,000

(1,313)

106,687

Secured Revolving Credit Facility – As of December 31, 2021, we had $2.0 million outstanding under 
our Secured Revolving Credit Facility, down from $7.0 million as of December 31, 2020. Borrowings 
under the Secured Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the rate 
announced by Bank of America, N.A. as its “Prime Rate” less 0.25%, subject to a minimum rate. As of 
December 31, 2021, the interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the secured revolving credit 
facility was  4.00%  per  annum, which was  equal  to  the  minimum  rate  as  of  that  date.  On  February 
9,  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  the  Eighth Amendment  to  this  credit  agreement  to  extend  its 
maturity date to May 1, 2025 and to reduce the minimum interest rate from 4.00% to 3.15%. All other 
material terms of the credit agreement, as amended, remained unchanged. 

Unsecured  Revolving  Credit  Facility  – As  of  December  31,  2021, we  had  no  amounts  outstanding 
under our Unsecured Revolving Credit facility, down from $101.0 million as of December 31, 2020. 
The borrowings on the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a floating rate equal to 
either (a) for base rate advances, the highest of (1) the lender’s base rate, (2) the federal funds rate plus 
0.5% and (3) the one-month LIBOR plus 1.0%, in each case plus 1.5%; or (b) in the case of Eurodollar 
rate advances, the reserve adjusted LIBOR plus 2.5%. As amended, the aggregate principal amount of 
the revolving credit commitments under the Credit Agreement is $300.0 million through December 
14, 2024. In addition, the Unsecured Revolving Credit Agreement, as amended, permits us, without 
the consent of the other lenders, to request that one or more lenders increase their revolving credit 
commitments to provide an aggregate of $325.0 million of revolving credit commitments subject to 
compliance with customary conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement including compliance, on a 
pro forma basis, with the financial covenants set forth therein.  

Senior Unsecured Notes - As of December 31, 2021, we had four series of senior unsecured notes 

In February 2021, we issued $125.0 million of senior unsecured notes (the “2028 Notes”). Interest 
accrues at an annual rate of 3.25% and is payable quarterly. Principal on the 2028 Notes is due in 
increments of $25.0 million annually on February 25 in each of 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, and 2028. 
In December 2021, we issued $100.0 million of senior unsecured notes (the “2029 Notes”). Interest 
accrues at an annual rate of 3.25% and is payable quarterly. A required principal prepayment of $30.0 
million is due on December 28, 2028. The remaining unpaid principal balance is due on December 
28, 2029. 

Optional prepayment is allowed with payment of a “make-whole” premium which fluctuates depending 
on market interest rates. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears.

Our debt instruments require us to maintain specific financial covenants, each of which we were in 
compliance with as of December 31, 2021. Specifically, under the most restrictive covenants, we are 
required to maintain (1) a minimum interest coverage (consolidated EBITDA to interest incurred) of no 
less than 2.0 to 1.0 and, as of December 31, 2021, our interest coverage on a last 12 months’ basis 
was 19.4 to 1.0, (2) a Consolidated Tangible Net Worth of no less than approximately $533.6 million 
and, as of December 31, 2021, we had $874.6 million and (3) maximum debt to total capitalization 
rolling average ratio of no more than 40.0% and, as of December 31, 2021, we had a rolling average 
ratio of 30.7%. 

As of December 31, 2021, we believe that our cash on hand, capacity available under our lines of 
credit  and  cash  flows  from  operations  for  the  next  twelve  months will  be  sufficient  to  service  our 
outstanding debt during the next twelve months. For more detailed information on our lines of credit, 
refer to Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements located in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K.

Preferred Equity Issuances

On December 22, 2021, we issued 2,000,000 Depositary Shares, each representing 1/1000 of a share 
of our 5.75% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) for $50.0 
million. We received net proceeds of $47.7 million and incurred stock issuance costs of approximately 
$2.3 million that reduced the amount of equity on our consolidated balance sheet. 

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock, when and as authorized by our Board, are entitled to cumulative 
cash  dividends  at  the  rate  of  5.75%  of  the  $25,000.00  ($25.00  per  Depositary  Share)  liquidation 
preference per year (equivalent to 1,437.50 per share per year or $1.4375 per Depositary Share per 
year). Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears, on or about the 15th of March, June, September and 
December, beginning on or about March 15, 2022. On and after December 23, 2026, the shares of 
Series A Preferred Stock will be redeemable at our option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price 

61

 
 
 
 
equal  to  $25,000.00  per  share  of  Series A  Preferred  Stock  ($25.00  per  Depositary  Share),  plus  an 
amount equal to any accrued and unpaid dividends. Furthermore, upon a change of control (as defined 
in the Certificate of Designation), we will have a special option to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock 
at $25,000.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock ($25.00 per Depositary Share), plus an amount 
per  share  equal  to  any  accrued  and  unpaid  dividends  on  such  shares.  In  addition,  upon  change  of 
control, the shareholders will have the option to convert their Series A Preferred stock into shares of 
Common Stock as specified on the Certificate of Designation. The Series A Preferred Stock ranks, as to 
dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up senior to all classes or series 
of our common stock. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights, except 
for limited voting rights, including if we fail to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for six or 
more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive). 

Registration Statements 

Land and Lot Option Contracts
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land purchase contracts with third-party developers 
in order to procure lots for the construction of our homes in the future. We are subject to customary 
obligations  associated  with  such  contracts.  These  purchase  contracts  typically  require  an  earnest 
money deposit, and the purchase of properties under these contracts is generally contingent upon 
satisfaction  of  certain  requirements,  including  obtaining  applicable  property  and  development 
entitlements. 

We also utilize option contracts with lot sellers as a method of acquiring lots in staged takedowns, 
which are the schedules that dictate when lots must be purchased to help manage the financial and 
market risk associated with land holdings, and to reduce the use of funds from our corporate financing 
sources.  Lot  option  contracts  generally  require  us  to  pay  a  non-refundable  deposit  for  the  right  to 
acquire lots over a specified period of time at pre-determined prices which typically include escalations 
in lot prices over time. 

In December 2020, we filed with the SEC a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 registering up 
to $500 million of securities, including shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities 
either separately or represented by warrants, or depositary shares as well as units that include any 
of these securities. Under the rules governing shelf registration statements, we will file a prospectus 
supplement and advise the SEC of the amount and type of securities each time we issue securities 
under this registration statement. 

Our  utilization  of  lot  option  contracts  is  dependent  on,  among  other  things,  the  availability  of  land 
sellers willing to enter into these arrangements, the availability of capital to finance the development 
of optioned lots, general housing market conditions and local market dynamics. Options may be more 
difficult  to  procure  from  land  sellers  in  strong  housing  markets  and  are  more  prevalent  in  certain 
geographic regions.

Cash Flows 
The following summarizes our primary sources and uses of cash for the year ended December 31, 
2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020:

Operating  activities.  Net  cash  used  in  operating  activities  for  the year  ended  December  31,  2021 
was $92.4 million, compared to a $35.1 million source of cash from operating activities during the 
year ended December 31, 2020. The net cash outflows for the year ended December 31, 2021 were 
primarily  driven  by  an  increase  in  inventory  of  $358.3  million,  partially  offset  by  $201.0  million  of 
cash  generated  from  business  operations,  the  deferral  of  expense  payments  through  the  increase 
in accrued expenses and accounts payable of $20.9 million and $21.2 million, respectively, and an 
increase in customer builder deposits of $26.5 million.

We  generally  have  the  right,  at  our  discretion,  to  terminate  our  obligations  under  both  purchase 
contracts  and  option  contracts  by  forfeiting  the  earnest  money  deposit  with  no  further  financial 
responsibility  to  the  land  seller.  During  the  three  months  ended  March  31,  2020,  management 
determined to increase the allowance for certain option contracts due to the impact of the COVID-19 
pandemic on the homebuilding industry and projected future demand for homes in certain markets 
and/or locations. However, management subsequently reassessed the market situation based on new 
information available and reversed such allowances for earnest money deposits and pre-acquisition 
costs related to option contracts in the subsequent quarter. 

As  of  December  31,  2021,  we  had  earnest  money  deposits  of  $27.3  million  at  risk  associated 
with  contracts  to  purchase  6,246  lots  past  feasibility  studies  with  an  aggregate  purchase  price  of 
approximately $323.1 million.

Investing  activities.  Net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021 
decreased  to  $2.0  million  compared  to  $13.3  million  for  the year  ended  December  31,  2020. The 
decrease  in  cash  outflows  was  primarily  due  to  a  $9.0  million  investment  in  joint  venture  GBTM 
Sendera during the year ended December 31, 2020.

Letters of Credit and Performance Bonds
Refer to Note 17 in the accompanying Notes to the consolidated financial statements included in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for details of letters of credit and performance bonds outstanding.

Financing activities. Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 
was $154.3 million, compared to $25.9 million cash used during the year ended December 31, 2020. 
The cash inflows for the year ended December 31, 2021 were primarily from borrowings from senior 
unsecured  notes  of  $225.0  million  and  from  net  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  preferred  stock  of 
$47.7 million, partially offset by the net repayment of lines of credit of $106.0 million.

Guarantee
Refer to Note 5 in the accompanying Notes to the consolidated financial statements included in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for details of our guarantee in relation to our joint venture with EJB River 
Holdings, LLC (“EJB River Holdings”).

For  discussion  and  analysis  our  cash  flows  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  as  well  as  for 
comparison to our cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019, refer to Item 7 of Part II of our 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

62

Critical Accounting Policies
The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United  States  generally  accepted 
accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to use judgment and make estimates that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amounts of revenues, costs and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases estimates 
and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable 
under  the  circumstances.  Actual  results  may  differ  from  estimates  under  different  assumptions  or 
conditions. Management believes that the following accounting area is most critical to the portrayal 

63

of  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  and  requires  the  most  subjective  or  complex 
judgments.

Impairment of Inventory
We value inventory at cost unless the carrying value is determined to be not recoverable in which 
case the affected inventory is written down to fair value. In accordance with Accounting Standards 
Codification 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”), we evaluate our inventory for indicators 
of impairment by individual community and development during each reporting period.

For our builder operations segments, during each reporting period, community gross margins on closed 
homes,  average  margins  of  homes within  backlog,  and  community  outlook  factors  are  reviewed  by 
management. In the event that this review suggests higher potential for losses at a specific community, 
we monitor such communities by adding them to its “watchlist” communities, and, when an impairment 
indicator is present, further analysis is performed.

For  our  land  development  segment,  we  perform  a  quarterly  review  for  indicators  of  impairment 
for  each  project which  involves  comparing  anticipated  lot  sale  revenues  to  projected  costs  (i.e.  lot 
gross margins). For lots designated for our builders, we review land for indicators of impairment on a 
consolidated level, looking at overall projected home gross margins. In determining the allocation of 
costs to a particular land parcel, we rely on project budgets which are based on a variety of assumptions, 
including assumptions about development schedules and future costs to be incurred. It is common 
that actual results differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including delays, changes in costs 
that have not been committed, unforeseen issues encountered during project development that fall 
outside the scope of existing contracts, or items that ultimately cost more or less than the budgeted 
amount.  We  apply  procedures  to  maintain  best  estimates  in  our  budgets,  including  assessing  and 
revising project budgets on a periodic basis, obtaining commitments from subcontractors and vendors 
for future costs to be incurred and utilizing the most recent information available to estimate costs.

For  each  real  estate  asset  that  has  an  indicator  of  impairment,  we  analyze  whether  the  estimated 
remaining  undiscounted  future  cash  flows  are  more  or  less  than  the  asset’s  carrying  value.  The 
estimated cash flows are determined by projecting the remaining revenue from closings based on the 
contractual lot takedowns remaining or historical and projected home sales or delivery absorptions 
for  homebuilding  operations  and  then  comparing  such  projections  to  the  remaining  projected 
expenditures  for  development  or  home  construction.  Remaining  projected  expenditures  are  based 
on  the  most  current  pricing/bids  received  from  subcontractors  for  current  phases  or  homes  under 
development.  For  future  phases  of  land  development,  management  uses  its  judgment  to  project 
potential  cost  increases. When  projecting  revenue,  management  does  not  assume  improvement  in 
market conditions.

If the estimated undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset’s carrying value, the asset is deemed 
impaired  and  will  be  written  down  to  fair  value  less  associated  costs  to  sell.  These  impairment 
evaluations  require  us  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  regarding  future  conditions,  including 
the timing and amounts of development costs and sales prices of real estate assets, to determine if 
expected future cash flows will be sufficient to recover the asset’s carrying value.

Fair value is determined based on estimated future cash flows discounted for inherent risks associated 
with real estate assets. These discounted cash flows are impacted by expected risk based on estimated 
land  development  activities,  construction  and  delivery  timelines,  market  risk  of  price  erosion, 
uncertainty  of  development  or  construction  cost  increases,  and  other  risks  specific  to  the  asset  or 
market conditions where the asset is located when the assessment is made. These factors are specific 
to each community and may vary among communities.

When estimating cash flows of a community, management makes various assumptions, including: (i) 
expected  sales  prices  and  sales  incentives  to  be  offered,  including  the  number  of  homes  available, 
pricing and incentives being offered by us or other builders, and future sales price adjustments based 
on market and economic trends; (ii) expected sales pace and cancellation rates based on local housing 
market conditions, competition and historical trends; (iii) costs expended to date and expected to be 
incurred  including,  but  not  limited  to,  land  and  land  development  costs,  home  construction  costs, 
interest costs, indirect construction and overhead costs, and selling and marketing costs; (iv) alternative 
product  offerings  that  may  be  offered  that  could  have  an  impact  on  sales  pace,  sales  price  and/or 
building costs; and (v) alternative uses for the property. 

Many assumptions are interdependent and a change in one may require a corresponding change to 
other assumptions. For example, increasing or decreasing sales absorption rates has a direct impact 
on  the  estimated  per  unit  sales  price  of  a  home,  the  level  of  time-sensitive  costs  (such  as  indirect 
construction,  overhead  and  carrying  costs),  and  selling  and  marketing  costs  (such  as  model  home 
maintenance costs and advertising costs). Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the volatility 
in demand for new housing and the long life cycle of many communities, actual results could differ 
significantly from such estimates.

Refer  to  Note  1  to  our  consolidated  financial  statements  included  in  Part  II,  Item  8  of  this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for further description of our significant accounting policies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for recent accounting pronouncements.

C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Fr i s c o   Sp r i n g s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X
C B  J E N I   Ho m e s   |   Fr i s c o   Sp r i n g s   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X

63
63

ITEM 7A.     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Our operations are interest rate sensitive. Because overall housing demand is adversely affected by 
increases in interest rates, a significant increase in mortgage interest rates may negatively affect the 
ability of homebuyers to secure adequate financing. Higher interest rates could adversely affect our 
revenues, gross margins and net income.

Our lines of credit have variable interest rates which are subject to minimum interest rates. An increase 
in interest rates could cause the cost of those lines to increase. As of December 31, 2021, we did not 
have any amounts outstanding on these lines of credit.

For fixed rate debt, such as our senior unsecured notes, changes in interest rates have an impact on 
the fair value of the debt instrument, not on our earnings or cash flows. 

The  following  table  provides  information  about  our  significant  instruments  that  are  sensitive  to 
changes  in  interest  rates,  our  debt  obligations,  principal  cash  flows  by  maturity,  weighted  average 
interest rates and estimated fair market value of debt for the year ended December 31, 2021 (amounts 
in thousands):

Year of Maturity

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

Total

Fair Value  
at December 
31, 2021

Liabilities:

Senior  
unsecured notes

Fixed rate

$37,500   37,500   75,000   62,500   55,000   70,000   337,500

352,300

Average  
interest rate

4.0%

3.6%

3.6%

3.5%

3.3%

3.3%  

3.5%

We do not enter into, or intend to enter into, swaps, forward or option contracts on interest rates 
or commodities or other types of derivative financial instruments for trading, hedging or speculative 
purposes.

Many of the statements contained in this section are forward-looking and should be read in conjunction 
with the disclosures under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements.”

64

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |  Ve n t a n a   -   Fo r t  Wo r t h ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |  Ve n t a n a   -   Fo r t  Wo r t h ,  T X

 
ITEM 8.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Green Brick Partners, Inc. and its 
subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of 
income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 
31,  2021,  and  the  related  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  (collectively,  the  financial 
statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and 
its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 
31,  2021,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013, and our report dated 
March  1,  2022  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility 
is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public 
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of 
the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that 
we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements 
are  free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing 
procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due 
to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. 
Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee 
and  that:  (i)  relate  to  accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (ii) 
involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical 
audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and 
we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical  audit  matter  below,  providing  a  separate  opinion  on  the 
critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Evaluation of Inventory for Impairment
As described in Notes 1 and 4 to the financial statements, the Company’s inventory, including homes 
completed or under construction and land and lots inventory was $1,204 million as of December 31, 
2021. The Company performs impairment testing quarterly to determine whether events or changes 
in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of its inventory may not be recoverable.

If future results are not consistent with the Company’s assumptions and estimates, including future 
events  such  as  deterioration  of  market  conditions  or  significant  changes  in  the  absorption  rates, 
changes  in  the  assumptions  could  have  a  significant  impact  of  the  determination  of  indicators  of 
potential impairment.

We  identified  the  evaluation  of  potential  indicators  of  impairment  for  inventory  as  a  critical  audit 
matter. This is due to a high degree of auditor judgment that was involved in evaluating management’s 
assumptions and judgments regarding whether changes in market conditions at a location in which the 
Company operates would indicate a significant decrease in the fair value of the inventory.

Our audit procedures related to the Company’s evaluation of potential indicators of impairment for 
inventory include the following primary procedures, among others to address this critical audit matter:

We  obtained  an  understanding  of  the  relevant  controls  related  to  the  evaluation  of  inventory  for 
impairment and tested such controls for design and operating effectiveness, including controls related 
to the Company’s process to evaluate potential indicators of impairment.

We performed an independent assessment of the impact of changes in market conditions on inventory 
by comparing third party data to the operating performance of the Company’s inventory. We then 
compared the results of our assessment to the Company’s analysis.

We  tested  management’s  process  for  evaluating  changes  in  market  conditions  and  operating 
performance to determine if potential indicators of impairment exist, as well as determining the impact 
of industry, regulatory, and macroeconomic factors on the significant inputs used to determine the fair 
value of its communities, by recalculating certain key inputs utilized and agreeing those key inputs, on 
a sample basis, to source documents.

We  tested  management’s  process  of  identifying  potential  indicators  of  impairment  by  comparing 
actual contribution margins on closed homes to management’s target contribution margin to identify 
communities  averaging  below  the  target  and  identifying  communities  with  significantly  declining 
margins and or increasing costs.

/s/ RSM US LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016.
PCAOB ID: 49

Dallas, Texas
March 1, 2022 

65

GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Receivables
Inventory
Investments in unconsolidated entities
Right-of-use assets - operating leases
Property and equipment, net
Earnest money deposits
Deferred income tax assets, net
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Customer and builder deposits
Lease liabilities - operating leases

Borrowings on lines of credit, net

Senior unsecured notes, net

Notes payable
Contingent consideration

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies

ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Redeemable noncontrolling interest in equity of consolidated subsidiary

Equity:

Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 5,000,000 shares authorized; 2,000 and zero issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively

Common stock, $0.01 par value: 100,000,000 shares authorized; 51,151,911 and 51,053,858 issued and 50,759,972 and 50,661,919 outstanding as of December 
31, 2021 and 2020, respectively

Treasury stock, at cost, 391,939 shares 

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Total Green Brick Partners, Inc. stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

66

As of December 31,

2021

2020

$ 

78,696  $ 
14,858 
6,871 
1,203,743 
55,616 
4,596 
2,812 
26,008 
15,741 
537 
680 
11,709 

19,479 
14,156 
5,224 
844,635 
46,443 
2,538 
3,595 
22,242 
15,376 
622 
680 
13,857 

$ 

1,421,867  $ 

988,847 

$ 

45,682  $ 
61,351 
64,610 
4,745 

(738)  

335,446 

210 
— 

24,521 
40,416 
38,131 
2,591 

106,687 

111,056 

2,125 
368 

511,306 

325,895 

21,867 

13,543 

47,696 

512 

— 

511 

(3,167)         

(3,167)

289,641 

539,866 

874,548 

14,146 

888,694 

293,242 

349,656 

640,242 

9,167 

649,409 

$ 

1,421,867  $ 

988,847 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)

Residential units revenue

Land and lots revenue

Total revenues

Cost of residential units

Cost of land and lots

Total cost of revenues

Total gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Equity in income of unconsolidated entities

Other income, net

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net income

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. per common share:

Basic

Diluted

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

1,309,687  $ 

930,176  $ 

759,830 

93,189 

1,402,876 

964,364 

76,453 

1,040,817 

362,059 

45,845 

976,021 

705,866 

35,551 

741,417 

234,604 

(134,269)  

(112,134)  

— 

19,713 

9,483 

256,986 

52,605 

204,381 

14,171 

(368)  

16,654 

4,057 

142,813 

25,016 

117,797 

4,104 

31,830 

791,660 

597,884 

24,694 

622,578 

169,082 

(97,775)

(4,906)

9,809 

8,119 

84,329 

20,027 

64,302 

5,646 

$ 

190,210  $ 

113,693  $ 

58,656 

$3.75

$3.72

$2.25

$2.24

$1.16

$1.16

50,700 

51,060 

50,568 

50,795 

50,530 

50,636 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands, except share data)

Balance at December 31, 2018

  50,719,884

$507   (136,756)

$(981)

$291,299

$177,526

$468,351

$17,281

$485,632

Common Stock

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional Paid-
in Capital

Retained 
Earnings

Total Green Brick Partners, 
Inc. Stockholders’ Equity

Non
controlling 
Interests

Total Stockholders’ 
Equity

Share-based compensation

— 

  — 

Issuance of common stock under 2014 Omnibus 
Equity Incentive Plan

219,181

3  

Withholdings from vesting of restricted stock 
awards

(59,116)

(1)  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Amortization of deferred share-based  
compensation
Stock repurchases

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

  (255,183) 

(2,186)  

— 

Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest

— 

  — 

Increase in ownership in Southgate Homes

— 

  — 

Increase in ownership in Centre Living Homes

— 

  — 

Contributions

Distributions

Net income

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

236  

1,463  

(543)  

489  

(2,145)  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(891)

(264)

— 

— 

58,656

— 

— 

236  

1,466  

(544)  

489  

(2,186)  

(2,145)  

(891)

(264)

58,656

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

236

1,466

(544)

489

(2,186)

(2,145)

891  

264  

— 

— 

3,600

(10,993)

2,184

3,600

(10,993)

60,840

Balance at December 31, 2019

  50,879,949

$509   (391,939)

$(3,167)

$290,799

$235,027 $ 

523,168

$13,227

$536,395

Issuance of common stock under 2014 Omnibus 
Equity Incentive Plan

249,617 

3  

Withholdings from vesting of restricted stock 
awards

(75,708) 

(1)  

Amortization of deferred share-based  
compensation

Change in fair value of redeemable noncontrolling 
interest

Increase in ownership in CB JENI Homes

Contributions

Distributions

Net income

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

  — 

  — 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,597  

— 

(591)  

497  

— 

— 

940  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

936  

— 

— 

113,69  

— 

— 

Balance at December 31, 2020

  51,053,858

$511   (391,939)

$(3,167)

$293,242

$349,656

1,600  

(592)  

497  

940  

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,600

(592)

497

940

936  

(936)  

— 

400  

(5,251)  

1,727  

$9,167

400

(5,251)

115,420

$649,409

113,693  

$640,242

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Treasury Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional 
Paid-in 
Capital

Retained 
Earnings

Total Green 
Brick  
Partners, Inc. 
Stockholders’ 
Equity

Non
controlling 
Interests

Total 
Stockhold-
ers’ Equity

Balance at December 31, 2020

51,053,858

$511   — 

$— 

(391,939)

$(3,167)

$293,242 $349,656

$640,242

$9,167

$649,409

Issuance of common stock under 2014 Omnibus 
Equity Incentive Plan

139,371

2  

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,436  

— 

2,438  

— 

2,438

Withholdings from vesting of restricted stock awards

(41,318)

(1)

— 

— 

(833)  

— 

(834)  

Issuance of preferred stock 

Amortization of deferred share-based compensation  

Change in fair value of redeemable noncontrolling 
interest

Distributions

Net income

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,000 

47,696

— 

47,696  

— 

  — 

— 

  — 

— 

— 

  — 

  — 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

640  

— 

640  

(5,844)  

— 

(5,844)  

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(6,606)

(6,606)

190,210

190,210

11,585

201,795

— 

— 

— 

(834)

47,696

640

(5,844)

Balance at December 31, 2021

51,151,911

$512   2,000 

  $47,696  

(391,939)

$(3,167)

$289,641 $539,866

$874,548

$14,146

$888,694

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

2021

Years Ended December 31,
2020

2019

$204,381

$117,797

$64,302

Depreciation and amortization expense

Loss on disposal of property and equipment, net

Share-based compensation expense
Change in fair value of contingent consideration
Deferred income taxes, net
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
Allowances for option deposits and pre-acquisition costs
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

(Increase) decrease in receivables
Increase in inventory
(Increase) decrease in earnest money deposits

Decrease (increase) in other assets
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable

Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses
Payment of contingent consideration in excess of acquisition date fair value
Increase (decrease) in customer and builder deposits

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Investments in unconsolidated entities
Purchase of property and equipment, net of disposals

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings from lines of credit
Borrowings from senior unsecured notes
Repayments of lines of credit
Proceeds from notes payable
Repayments of notes payable
Payments of debt issuance costs 
Payment of contingent consideration
Payments of withholding tax on vesting of restricted stock awards
Stock repurchases
Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
Distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interest
Distributions to noncontrolling interests

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
Restricted cash, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
Restricted cash, end of period
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

70

2,744  

150  

3,078  

— 

(365)  
(19,713)  
223  

10,548

(1,647)  
(358,270)  
(3,772)  

2,054  
21,161  

20,935

(368)  

26,479
(92,382)

(8)  
(2,025)  
(2,033)  

749,800
225,000
(855,800)
209
(2,124)  
(2,901)  

— 

— 

— 

(834)  

47,696  

(106)  
(6,606)  

154,334
59,919
19,479
14,156
$33,635
78,696
14,858
$93,554

3,666  

36  

2,097  
368  
(114)  

(16,654)

1,513  
10,936  

(504)  

(90,345)

(9,069)  

(3,739)
(5,523)  

15,760
(5,267)
14,177
35,135

(10,431)
(2,903)
(13,334)

354,500
37,500
(412,500)

10,714  
(8,590)  
(527)

(592)

— 

— 
— 

400  

(1,505)
(5,251)
(25,851)
(4,050)
33,269
4,416
$37,685
19,479
14,156
$33,635

3,079

10

2,191
4,906
1,237
(9,809)
884
5,084

122
(83,970)
2,107

(2,409)
3,953

(4,384)
(1,332)
(8,024)
(22,053)

(5,300)
(2,579)
(7,879)

224,000
75,000
(260,000)
— 
— 

(1,974)
(514)
(544)
(2,186)

— 

3,600
(527)
(10,993)
25,862
(4,070)
38,315
3,440
$41,755
33,269
4,416
$37,685

  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREEN  BRICK  PARTNERS,  INC.  CONSOLIDATED  STATEMENTS  OF  CASH  FLOWS  (In 

Reclassifications

thousands)

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation 
with no impact to net income in any period. 

Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds

$ 47,288

$ 20,541

$ 14,313

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

GREEN BRICK PARTNERS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at 
the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. The cash balances of the Company are held with multiple 
financial institutions. At times, cash balances at certain banks and financial institutions may exceed 
insurable  amounts. The  Company  believes  it  mitigates  this  risk  by  monitoring  the  financial  stability 
of institutions holding material cash balances. The Company has not experienced any losses in such 
accounts and believes that the risk of loss is minimal.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United 
States  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  (“GAAP”)  as  set  forth  in  the  Financial  Accounting 
Standards  Board’s  (“FASB”) Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  and  applicable  regulations  of 
the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). 

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash primarily relates to cash held in escrow for sales of developed lots to third parties and 
customer deposits from homebuyers. 

Principles of Consolidation

Receivables

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include  the accounts of Green Brick Partners, 
Inc., its controlled subsidiaries, and variable interest entities in which Green Brick Partners, Inc. or one 
of its controlled subsidiaries is deemed to be the primary beneficiary (together, the “Company”, “we”, 
or “Green Brick”). 

The  Company  evaluated 
its  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  and  controlled  builder  under  ASC 
810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”) and concluded that its controlled builder is a variable interest entity 
(“VIE”). The Company owns a 50% equity interest and a 51% voting interest in its controlled builder. 
In addition, the Company appoints two of the three board managers of its controlled builder and is 
able to exercise control over its operations. The Company accounts for its controlled builder under 
the variable interest model and is the primary beneficiary of its controlled builder in accordance with 
ASC 810.

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The  Company  uses  the  equity  method  of  accounting  for  its  investments  in  unconsolidated  entities 
over which it exercises significant influence but does not have a controlling interest. Under the equity 
method,  the  Company’s  share  of  the  unconsolidated  entities’  earnings  or  losses  is  included  in  the 
consolidated statements of income.

Use of Estimates

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires 
management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported 
in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, including the reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. 
Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Receivables consist of amounts collectible from manufacturing rebates earned by our homebuilders 
during the normal course of business, amounts collectible from third-party escrow agents related to 
closings on land, lots and homes, amounts collectible related to mechanic’s lien contracts, and income 
tax receivables. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, all amounts are considered fully collectible and 
no  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  recorded. Any  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  estimated 
based  on  our  historical  losses,  the  existing  economic  conditions,  and  the  financial  stability  of  our 
customers. Receivables are written off in the period that they are deemed uncollectible.

Inventory and Cost of Revenues

Inventory consists of undeveloped land, raw land scheduled for development, land in the process of 
development, land held for sale, developed lots, homes completed and under construction, and model 
homes.  Inventory  is  valued  at  cost  unless  the  carrying  value  is  determined  to  be  not  recoverable 
in  which  case  the  affected  inventory  is  written  down  to  fair  value.  Cost  includes  any  related  pre-
acquisition costs that are directly identifiable with a specific property so long as those pre-acquisition 
costs are anticipated to be recoverable at the sale of the property.

Residential lots held for sale and lots held for development include the initial cost of acquiring the 
land as well as certain costs capitalized related to developing the land into individual residential lots 
including direct overhead, interest and real estate taxes.

Land  development  and  other  project  costs,  including  direct  overhead,  interest  and  property  taxes 
incurred  during  development  and  home  construction,  are  capitalized.  Land  development  and  other 
common  costs  that  benefit  an  entire  community  are  allocated  to  individual  lots  or  homes  based 
on relative sales value. The costs of completed lots are transferred to work in process when home 
construction begins. Home construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and 
real estate taxes) are allocated to the cost of individual homes.

Inventory costs for completed homes are expensed upon closing and delivery of the homes. Changes 
to  estimated  total  land  development  costs  subsequent  to  initial  home  closings  in  a  community  are 

71

generally  allocated  to  the  unclosed  homes  and  lots  in  the  community  on  a  pro-rata  basis. The  life 
cycle of a community generally ranges from 24 to 72 months, commencing with the acquisition of 
land, continuing through the land development phase, construction, and concluding with the sale and 
delivery of homes. We recognize costs as incurred on our mechanic’s lien contracts.

Impairment of Inventory

In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”), we evaluate our inventory 
for indicators of impairment by individual community and development during each reporting period.

For our builder operations segments, during each reporting period, community gross margins on closed 
homes,  average  margins  of  homes within  backlog,  and  community  outlook  factors  are  reviewed  by 
management. In the event that this review suggests higher potential for losses at a specific community, 
the Company monitors such communities by adding them to its “watchlist” communities, and, when an 
impairment indicator is present, further analysis is performed.

For  our  land  development  segment,  we  perform  a  quarterly  review  for  indicators  of  impairment 
for  each  project which  involves  comparing  anticipated  lot  sale  revenues  to  projected  costs  (i.e.  lot 
gross margins). For lots designated for our builders, we review land for indicators of impairment on a 
consolidated level, looking at overall projected home gross margins. In determining the allocation of 
costs to a particular land parcel, we rely on project budgets which are based on a variety of assumptions, 
including assumptions about development schedules and future costs to be incurred. It is common 
that actual results differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including delays, changes in costs 
that have not been committed, unforeseen issues encountered during project development that fall 
outside the scope of existing contracts, or items that ultimately cost more or less than the budgeted 
amount.  We  apply  procedures  to  maintain  best  estimates  in  our  budgets,  including  assessing  and 
revising project budgets on a periodic basis, obtaining commitments from subcontractors and vendors 
for future costs to be incurred and utilizing the most recent information available to estimate costs.

Each reporting period, management reviews each real estate asset which has an indicator of impairment 
in order to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows are more or less 
than the asset’s carrying value. The estimated cash flows are determined by projecting the remaining 
revenue from closings based on the contractual lot takedowns remaining or historical and projected 
home sales or delivery absorptions for homebuilding operations and then comparing such projections 
to the remaining projected expenditures for development or home construction. Remaining projected 
expenditures  are  based  on  the  most  current  pricing/bids  received  from  subcontractors  for  current 
phases or homes under development. For future phases of land development, management uses its 
judgment to project potential cost increases. In determining the estimated cash flows for land held for 
sale, management considers recent comparisons to market comparable transactions, bona fide letters 
of intent from outside parties, executed sales contracts, broker quotes, and similar information. When 
projecting revenue, management does not assume improvement in market conditions.

If  the  estimated  undiscounted  cash  flows  are  more  than  the  asset’s  carrying value,  no  impairment 
adjustment is required. However, if the estimated undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset’s 
carrying value, the asset is deemed impaired and will be written down to fair value less associated 
costs to sell. These impairment evaluations require us to make estimates and assumptions regarding 
future  conditions,  including  the  timing  and  amounts  of  development  costs  and  sales  prices  of  real 
estate  assets,  to  determine  if  expected  future  cash  flows  will  be  sufficient  to  recover  the  asset’s 
carrying value.

Fair value is determined based on estimated future cash flows discounted for inherent risks associated 
with real estate assets. These discounted cash flows are impacted by expected risk based on estimated 
land  development  activities,  construction  and  delivery  timelines,  market  risk  of  price  erosion, 
uncertainty  of  development  or  construction  cost  increases,  and  other  risks  specific  to  the  asset  or 
market conditions where the asset is located when the assessment is made. These factors are specific 
to each community and may vary among communities.

When estimating cash flows of a community, management makes various assumptions, including: (i) 
expected  sales  prices  and  sales  incentives  to  be  offered,  including  the  number  of  homes  available, 
pricing and incentives being offered by us or other builders, and future sales price adjustments based 
on market and economic trends; (ii) expected sales pace and cancellation rates based on local housing 
market conditions, competition and historical trends; (iii) costs expended to date and expected to be 
incurred  including,  but  not  limited  to,  land  and  land  development  costs,  home  construction  costs, 
interest costs, indirect construction and overhead costs, and selling and marketing costs; (iv) alternative 
product  offerings  that  may  be  offered  that  could  have  an  impact  on  sales  pace,  sales  price  and/or 
building costs; and (v) alternative uses for the property. 

Many assumptions are interdependent and a change in one may require a corresponding change to 
other assumptions. For example, increasing or decreasing sales absorption rates has a direct impact 
on  the  estimated  per  unit  sales  price  of  a  home,  the  level  of  time-sensitive  costs  (such  as  indirect 
construction,  overhead  and  carrying  costs),  and  selling  and  marketing  costs  (such  as  model  home 
maintenance costs and advertising costs). Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the volatility 
in demand for new housing and the long life cycle of many communities, actual results could differ 
significantly from such estimates.

Capitalization of Interest

The Company capitalizes interest costs incurred to inventory during development and other qualifying 
activities. Interest capitalized as cost of inventory is charged to cost of revenues as related homes, land 
and lots are closed. Interest incurred on undeveloped land is directly expensed and included in interest 
expense in our consolidated statements of income.

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

In  accordance  with  ASC  323,  Investments  -  Equity  Method  and  Joint  Ventures  (“ASC  323”),  the 
Company uses the equity method of accounting for its investments in unconsolidated entities over 
which it exercises significant influence but does not have a controlling interest. The equity method of 
accounting requires the investment to be initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for the 
Company’s share of equity in the unconsolidated entity’s earnings or losses. The Company evaluates 
the carrying amount of the investments in unconsolidated entities for impairment in accordance with 
ASC 323. If the Company determines that a loss in the value of the investment is other than temporary, 
the Company writes down the investment to its estimated fair value. Any such losses are recorded to 
equity in income of unconsolidated entities in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. Due 
to uncertainties in the estimation process and the volatility in demand for new housing, actual results 
could differ significantly from such estimates.

The  Company  has  made  an  election  to  classify  distributions  received  from  unconsolidated  entities 
using  the  nature  of  the  distribution  approach.  Distributions  received  are  classified  as  cash  inflows 
from  operating  activities  based  on  the  nature  of  the  activities  of  the  investee  that  generated  the 
distribution.

72

Variable Interest Entities

of necessary incremental capital, and other factors.

The Company accounts for variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in accordance with ASC 810. In accordance 
with ASC 810, an entity is a VIE when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to 
permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by 
other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the 
direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected 
losses of the entity or (iii)  do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; 
or  (c)  the  entity’s  equity  holders  have  voting  rights  that  are  not  proportionate  to  their  economic 
interests,  and  the  activities  of  the  entity  involve  or  are  conducted  on  behalf  of  the  equity  holder 
with disproportionately few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, 
the  enterprise  that  has  both  (i)  the  power  to  direct  the  activities  of  the VIE  that  most  significantly 
impacts the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of 
the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE 
is  considered  the  primary  beneficiary  and  must  consolidate  the VIE.  In  accordance  with ASC  810, 
the Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The 
financial statements of the VIEs for which the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary, if 
any, are consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The noncontrolling interests 
attributable to other beneficiaries of the VIEs are included as noncontrolling interests in the Company’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed 
over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives 
of assets range from 1 to 15 years. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. 

Under ASC 810, a non-refundable deposit paid to an entity is deemed to be a variable interest that will 
absorb some or all of the entity’s expected losses if they occur and, as such, the Company’s land and 
lot option contracts are considered variable interests. The Company’s option contract deposits along 
with any related pre-acquisition costs represent the Company’s maximum exposure to the land seller 
if  the  Company  elects  not  to  purchase  the  optioned  property.  Therefore,  whenever  the  Company 
enters into an option or purchase contract with an entity and makes a non-refundable deposit, a VIE 
assessment is performed. However, the Company generally has little control or power to direct the 
activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance due to the Company’s lack of 
an equity interest in them. Additionally, creditors of the VIE typically have no material recourse against 
the Company, and the Company does not provide financial or other support to these VIEs other than 
as stipulated in the option contracts. In accordance with ASC 810, the Company performs ongoing 
reassessments of whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. 

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consists of the estimated fair value of the acquired trade name, net of amortization. 
The trade name has a definite life and is amortized over ten years. 

Intangible assets are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized if the carrying 
amount of the asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from 
the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The impairment loss recorded would be the excess of 
the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. Fair value would be determined using a discounted cash 
flow analysis or other valuation technique.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill

In accordance with ASC 360, our property and equipment and right-of-use assets related to operating 
leases are reviewed for possible impairment if there are indicators that their carrying amounts are not 
recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the 
sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the 
asset. An impairment loss shall be measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-
lived asset exceeds its fair value.

The excess of the purchase price of a business acquisition over the net fair value of assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed is capitalized as goodwill in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 
805”). The  allocation  to  goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  the  purchase  price,  including  contingent 
consideration, over the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill results 
primarily from operational synergies expected from the business combination.

Earnest Money Deposits

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into land and lot option contracts in order 
to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these option contracts, the 
Company generally provides a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at 
different  times  in  the  future,  usually  at  predetermined  prices.  Such  contracts  enable  the  Company 
to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until the 
Company  has  determined whether  and when  to  exercise  its  option, which  reduces  the  Company’s 
financial risk associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such 
as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are 
directly identifiable with the land under option and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs 
are reflected in earnest money deposits and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. 
The Company writes off deposits and pre-acquisition costs if it becomes probable that the Company 
will not proceed with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration 
changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land takedowns, the availability and best use 

Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if certain 
impairment indicators are present. A goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which 
the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value.  

The Company reviews goodwill at the reporting unit level for impairment. The Company first performs 
a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that fair value of the reporting 
level is less than its carrying amount. Qualitative factors include adverse macroeconomic conditions, 
industry and market conditions, overall financial performance, reporting unit specific events and entity 
specific events. If, after completing a qualitative assessment, the Company concludes that it is more 
likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company 
must perform a quantitative test to evaluate goodwill for impairment.

For  the  quantitative  impairment  test,  the  Company  calculates  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit 
and compares that amount to the reporting unit’s carrying value. The fair value of the reporting unit 
is  determined  by  using  generally  accepted  valuation  techniques,  including  discounted  cash  flow 
models and market multiple analysis. The Company’s valuation methodology for assessing impairment 

73

would require management to make judgments and assumptions based on historical experience and 
projections of future operating performance. The Company recognizes goodwill impairment, if any, as 
the excess of the reporting unit’s carrying value over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of 
goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.

development segment. All of our revenue is from contracts with customers. 

Contract Liabilities

Warranties

The  Company  accrues  an  estimate  of  its  exposure  to  warranty  claims  based  on  both  current  and 
historical  home  closings  data  and  warranty  costs  incurred.  The  Company  offers  homeowners 
a  comprehensive  third-party  warranty  on  each  home.  Homes  are  generally  covered  by  a  ten-year 
warranty  for  qualified  and  defined  structural  defects,  one year  for  defects  and  products  used,  and 
two years for electrical, plumbing, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning parts and labor. Warranty 
accruals  are  included within  accrued  expenses  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets. Any  legal  costs 
associated with loss contingencies related to warranties are expensed as incurred.

Debt Issuance Costs

The Company requires homebuyers to submit a deposit for home purchases and requires third-party 
buyers to submit a deposit in connection with land sale or lot option contracts. The non-refundable 
deposits  serve  as  an  incentive  for  performance  under  homebuilding  and  land  sale  or  development 
contracts. Cash received as customer deposits, if held in escrow, is reflected as restricted cash and as 
customer and builder deposits on the consolidated balance sheets.

Performance Obligations

The Company’s contracts with homebuyers contain a single performance obligation. The performance 
obligation  is  satisfied  when  homes  are  completed  and  control  is  transferred  to  the  buyer  which 
occurs when legal title has been transferred to the buyer. The Company does not have any variable 
consideration associated with home sales transactions. 

Debt  issuance  costs  represent  costs  incurred  related  to  the  senior  unsecured  notes  and  revolving 
secured and unsecured credit facilities, including amendments thereto, and reduce the carrying amount 
of debt on the consolidated balance sheets. These costs are subject to capitalization to inventory over 
the term of the related debt facility using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective 
interest rate method for our senior unsecured notes and notes payable.

Revenue from mechanic’s lien contracts in which the Company serves as the general contractor for 
custom homes where the customer, and not the Company, owns the underlying land and improvements 
is recognized based on the input method, where progress toward completion is measured by relating 
the actual cost of work performed to date to the estimated total cost of the respective contracts. 

Business Combinations

Acquisitions are accounted for in accordance with ASC 805. Following the determination that control 
of a business and its inputs, processes and outputs were obtained in exchange for consideration, all 
material assets and liabilities of the business, including contingent consideration, are measured and 
recognized at fair value as of the date of the acquisition to reflect the purchase price. Depending on 
the fair value of net assets acquired, the purchase price allocation may or may not result in goodwill. 

Contingent  consideration  is  subsequently  remeasured  to  fair value  at  each  reporting  date  until  the 
contingency is resolved, with any change in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of 
income.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in Equity of Consolidated Subsidiary

Redeemable noncontrolling interest in equity of consolidated subsidiary represents equity related to 
a put option held by a minority shareholder of a subsidiary. Based on the put option structure, the 
minority shareholder’s interest in the controlled subsidiary is classified as a redeemable noncontrolling 
interest on the consolidated balance sheets. The accretion of the redeemable noncontrolling interest to 
its estimated redemption value is recorded in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance 
sheets if the estimated redemption value, net of accretion, is greater than the current value of the 
noncontrolling interest capital account. 

Revenue Recognition

Contracts with Customers

The Company derives revenues from two primary sources: the closing and delivery of homes through 
our builder operations segments and the closing of lots and land sold to third parties through our land 

74

Lot  option  contracts  contain  multiple  performance  obligations.  The  performance  obligations  are 
satisfied as lots are closed and legal title has been transferred to the builder. For lot option contracts, 
individual performance obligations are accounted for separately. The transaction price is allocated to 
the separate performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price basis. Certain lot option 
contracts require escalations in lot price over the option period. Any escalator is not collectible until the 
lot closing occurs. While we recognize lot escalators as variable consideration within the transaction 
price, we do not recognize escalator revenue until a builder closes on a lot subject to an escalator as 
the escalator relates to general inflation and holding costs.

Occasionally,  the  Company  sells  developed  and  undeveloped  land  parcels.  If  the  land  parcel  is 
developed prior to the sale of the land, the revenue is recognized at closing since we deliver a single 
performance obligation in the form of a developed parcel. We also recognize revenue at closing on 
undeveloped land parcel sales as there are no other obligations beyond delivering the undeveloped 
land. 

Homebuyers are not obligated to pay for a home until the closing and delivery of the home. The selling 
price of a home is based on the contract price adjusted for any change orders, which are considered 
modifications of the contract price.

Homebuilders are not obligated to pay for developed lots prior to control of the lots and any associated 
improvements being transferred to them. The term of our lot option contracts is generally based upon 
the  number  of  lots  being  purchased  and  an  agreed  upon  lot  takedown  schedule,  which  can  be  in 
excess of one year. Lots cannot be taken down until development is substantially complete. There is 
no significant financing component related to our third-party lot sales. 

The Company does not sell warranties outside of the customary workmanship warranties provided on 
homes or developed lots at the time of sale. The warranties offered to homebuyers are short term, with 
the exception of ten-year warranties on structural concerns for homes. As these are assurance-type 
warranties, there is no separate performance obligation related to warranties provided to homebuyers 

or homebuilders.

Significant Judgments and Estimates

There  are  no  significant  judgments  involved  in  the  recognition  of  residential  units  revenue.  The 
performance obligation of delivering a completed home is satisfied upon the sale closing when title 
transfers to the buyer.

There  are  no  significant  judgments  involved  in  the  recognition  of  land  and  lots  revenue.  The 
performance obligation of delivering land and lots is satisfied upon the closing of the sale when title 
transfers to the buyer.

Contract Costs

The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if 
it expects to recover those costs. 

and  amortization  of  debt  issuance  costs.  We  capitalize  interest  costs  incurred  to  inventory  during 
development  and  other  qualifying  activities.  Debt  issuance  costs  are  capitalized  to  inventory  over 
the  term  of  the  underlying  debt  using  the  straight-line  method,  which  approximates  the  effective 
interest rate method for our senior unsecured notes and notes payable, in accordance with our interest 
capitalization policy. All interest costs were capitalized during the years ended December 31, 2021, 
2020 and 2019.

Net Income Attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. per Common Share

Basic  earnings  per  common  share  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  allocated  to  common 
shareholders  by  the weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  each  period, 
adjusted for non-vested shares of restricted stock awards during each period. Net income allocated 
to  common  shareholders  is  net  income  adjusted  for  preferred  stock  dividends  including  dividends 
declared and cumulative dividends related to the current dividend period that have not been declared 
as of period end. Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the treasury stock method and includes 
the effect of all dilutive securities, including stock options and restricted stock awards.

The Company pays sales commissions to employees and/or outside realtors related to individual home 
sales which are expensed as incurred at the time of closing. Commissions on the sale of land parcels 
are also expensed as incurred upon closing. Sales commissions on the sale of homes are included in 
the selling, general, and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income.

The Company’s restricted stock awards have the right to receive forfeitable dividends on an equal basis 
with common stock and therefore are not considered participating securities that must be included in 
the calculation of net income per common share using the two-class method. 

The  Company  also  pays  builder  incentives  to  employees  which  are  based  on  the  time  it  takes  to 
build individual homes, as well as quality inspection completion and customer satisfaction. The builder 
incentives  do  not  represent  incremental  costs  that  would  require  capitalization  as  we  would  incur 
these costs whether or not we sold the home. As such, we recognize builder incentives as expense at 
the time they are incurred and paid.

Advertising costs, sales salaries and certain costs associated with model homes, such as signage, do 
not qualify for capitalization under ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs - Contracts with 
Customers,  as  they  are  not  incremental  costs  of  obtaining  a  contract.  As  such,  we  expense  these 
costs to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred. Costs incurred related to model home 
furnishings and sales office construction are capitalized and included in property and equipment, net 
on the consolidated balance sheets.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expense represents salaries, benefits, share-based compensation, 
property  taxes  on  finished  homes,  sales  commissions,  depreciation,  amortization,  advertising  and 
marketing, rent, and other administrative items, and is recorded in the period incurred. 

Cost Recognition

Lot acquisition, materials, direct costs, interest and indirect costs related to the acquisition, development, 
and construction of lots and homes are capitalized. Direct and indirect costs of developing residential 
lots are allocated evenly to all applicable lots. Capitalized costs of residential lots are charged to earnings 
when the related revenue is recognized. Non-capitalizable costs in connection with developed lots and 
completed homes and other selling and administrative costs are charged to earnings when incurred.

Share-Based Compensation

The  Company  measures  and  accounts  for  share-based  awards  in  accordance  with  ASC  718, 
Compensation  -  Stock  Compensation. The  Company  expenses  share-based  payment  awards  made 
to  employees  and  directors,  including  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  awards.  Share-based 
compensation  expense  associated  with  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  awards  with  vesting 
contingent upon the achievement of service conditions is recognized on a straight-line basis, net of 
estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period over which the awards are expected to vest. 
The Company estimates the value of stock options with vesting contingent upon the achievement of 
service conditions as of the date the award was granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. 
The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the use of certain input variables, such as expected 
volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected award life.

Advertising Expense

Income Taxes

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs are included in selling, general 
and  administrative  expense  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  income. Advertising  expense  for  the 
years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 totaled $1.3 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million, 
respectively.

Interest Expense

Interest  expense  consists  primarily  of  interest  costs  incurred  on  our  debt  that  are  not  capitalized, 

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  temporary 
differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their 
respective tax bases, operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in years in which temporary 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of 
a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. 

75

The  Company  regularly  reviews  historical  and  anticipated  future  pre-tax  results  of  operations  to 
determine whether we will be able to realize the benefit of deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance 
is required to reduce the deferred tax asset when it is more-likely-than-not that all or some portion of 
the deferred tax asset will not be realized due to the lack of sufficient taxable income. The Company 
assesses the recoverability of deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance on an ongoing 
basis. In making this assessment, management considers all available positive and negative evidence 
and available income tax planning to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that some portion 
or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized in future periods. This assessment requires significant 
judgment  and  estimates  involving  current  and  deferred  income  taxes,  tax  attributes  relating  to  the 
interpretation of various tax laws, historical bases of tax attributes associated with certain assets and 
limitations surrounding the realization of deferred tax assets.

We  establish  accruals  for  uncertain  tax  positions  that  reflect  our  best  estimate  of  deductions  and 
credits that may not be sustained on a more-likely-than-not basis. We recognize interest and penalties 
related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income. 
Accrued  interest  and  penalties,  if  any,  are  included  within  accrued  expenses  on  the  consolidated 
balance  sheets.  In  accordance with ASC  740,  Income Taxes,  the  Company  recognizes  the  effect  of 
income tax positions only if those positions have a more-likely-than-not chance of being sustained 
by the Company. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater 
than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period 
in which the change in judgment occurs.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company has adopted and implemented the provisions of ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements, 
with respect to fair value measurements of: all elected financial assets and liabilities and any nonfinancial 
assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements at fair 
value on a recurring basis (at least annually). Under ASC 820-10, fair value is defined as an exit price, or 
the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between market participants as of the measurement date. These provisions establish a three-tiered 
fair value hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used in fair value calculations. The 
three levels of input are defined as follows:

Level 1 —

unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets accessible by 
the Company;

Level 2 — inputs that are observable in the marketplace other than those classified as Level 1; and

Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable in the marketplace and significant to the valuation.

Entities are encouraged to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable 
inputs. If a financial instrument uses inputs that fall in different levels of the hierarchy, the instrument 
will be categorized based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value calculation.

Our valuation methods may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable 
value  or  reflective  of  future  fair  values.  Furthermore,  while  we  believe  our  valuation  methods  are 
appropriate  and  consistent  with  other  market  participants,  the  use  of  different  methodologies  or 
assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair 
value measurement at the reporting date.

76

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are deemed to have occurred on the date of the 
event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer.

Segment Information

In accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), an operating segment is defined as a 
component of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed regularly 
by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or decision-making group, to evaluate performance 
and make operating decisions. 

A reportable segment is an operating segment, either separately defined or aggregated from several 
operating  segments  based  on  similar  economic  and  other  characteristics,  that  exceeds  certain 
quantitative thresholds of ASC 280.

The Company identifies its CODM as three key executives - the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief 
Financial Officer, and the Chief Operating Officer. In determining the reportable segments, the CODM 
considers similar economic and other characteristics, including geography, class of customers, product 
types, and production processes. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying Accounting 
for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating 
certain exceptions to the guidance in ASC 740, Income Taxes related to the approach for intraperiod 
tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition 
of  deferred  tax  liabilities  for  outside  basis  differences. ASU  2019-12  also  simplifies  aspects  of  the 
accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting 
for  transactions  that  result  in  a  step-up  in  the  tax  basis  of  goodwill. ASU  2019-12  is  effective  for 
annual reporting periods, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early 
adoption permitted. The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2021. The adoption of ASU 
2019-12 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-
20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for 
Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. 

ASU 2020-06 simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments, reduces complexity for preparers 
and practitioners, eliminates certain  accounting  models, and enhances information transparency by 
improving  the  disclosures  for  convertible  instruments  and  earnings-per-share.  The  Company  early 
adopted  the  new  accounting  standard  on  January  1,  2021  on  a  modified  retrospective  basis.  The 
adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, 
or cash flows. 

77

Agreement”) with respect to the equity interest in the joint venture held by the minority partner. The 
Put/Call Agreement  provides  that  the  20%  ownership  interest  in  GRBK  GHO  held  by  the  minority 
partner would be subject to put and purchase options starting in April 2024. The exercise price would 
be based on the financial results of GRBK GHO for the three years prior to exercise of the option. If 
the minority partner does not exercise the put option, we have the option, but not the obligation, to 
buy the 20% interest in GRBK GHO from our partner.

Based  on  the  nature  of  the  put/call  structure,  the  noncontrolling  interest  attributable  to  the  20% 
minority interest owned by our Florida-based partner is included as redeemable noncontrolling interest 
in equity of consolidated subsidiary in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

The following table shows the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interest in equity of consolidated 
subsidiary during the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Redeemable noncontrolling interest, beginning of period

Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest partner

Distributions of income to redeemable noncontrolling interest partner

Change in fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interest

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

$13,543

$13,611

2,586

(106)

5,844

2,377

(1,505)

(940)

Redeemable noncontrolling interest, end of period

$21,867

$13,543

INTANGIBLE  ASSETS,  GOODWILL,  CONTINGENT  CONSIDERATION,  AND 

2. 
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

Intangible Assets

On April 26, 2018 (the “Acquisition Date”), following a series of transactions, the Company acquired 
substantially  all  of  the  assets  and  assumed  certain  liabilities  of  GHO  Homes  Corporation  and  its 
affiliates  (“GHO”)  through  a  newly  formed  subsidiary,  GRBK  GHO  Homes,  LLC  (“GRBK  GHO”),  in 
which the Company holds an 80% controlling interest. 

Intangible assets related to the acquired trade name were recognized in this business combination. 
The amortization of the acquired trade name of $0.1 million for each of the years ended December 
31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, was recorded in selling, general and administrative expense 
in the consolidated statements of income. The accumulated amortization of the acquired trade name 
was $0.3 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. 

The estimated amortization expense related to the acquired trade name for each of the next five years 
as of December 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands):

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

Total
Goodwill

$ 

85 

85 

85 

85 

85 

$ 

425 

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment testing during the fourth quarter of 2021 by 
first completing a qualitative assessment in accordance with ASC 350. The Company determined that 
it was not more likely than not that the reporting unit’s estimated fair value was less than its carrying 
value and, therefore, a quantitative impairment test was unnecessary. The Company did not record any 
goodwill impairment during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Contingent Consideration 

Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company was obligated to pay contingent consideration 
to our partner if certain annual performance targets were met over the three-year period following 
the Acquisition Date. The performance targets specified in the purchase agreement were met for the 
period from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019, and the contingent consideration of $5.3 
million was earned by the minority partner and paid by the Company in April 2020 in addition to a 
$1.5  million  distribution  of  income.  The  performance  targets  specified  in  the  purchase  agreement 
were  met  for  the  period  from  January  1,  2020  through  December  31,  2020,  and  the  contingent 
consideration of $0.4 million was earned by the minority partner and paid by the Company in April 
2021 in addition to a $0.1 million distribution of income. The performance targets were not met for 
the period from January 1, 2021 through April 26, 2021. The contingent consideration period expired 
April 26, 2021.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in Equity of Consolidated Subsidiary

As  part  of  the  GRBK  GHO  business  combination,  we  entered  into  a  put/call  agreement  (“Put/Call 

S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |  W i n d s o n g   R a n c h   -   Pro s p e r,  T X
S o u t h g a t e   Ho m e s   |  W i n d s o n g   R a n c h   -   Pro s p e r,  T X

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77

 
 
 
 
3. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Effective December 31, 2019, we, through our wholly owned subsidiary, CLH20, LLC (“Centre Living”), 
acquired the remaining membership and voting interests in our subsidiary, Centre Living Homes, LLC, 
and we contributed certain real estate inventory assets to Centre Living.

Subsequently, the prior owner of a portion of the membership and voting interests in Centre Living 
Homes, LLC acquired a ten percent membership and voting interest in Centre Living for $3.6 million. 
As a result, as of December 31, 2019, Centre Living was an indirect subsidiary in which the Company 
owned  a  ninety  percent  membership  interest  and  a  ninety  percent  voting  interest,  was  no  longer 
considered a VIE and was consolidated based on the majority voting interest pursuant to ASC 810. 
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the minority interest owner made a $0.4 million cash 
contribution to Centre Living.

On April 29, 2020, through a series of transactions, the Company acquired the remaining membership 
and voting  interests  in  our subsidiary, CB JENI  Homes  DFW LLC (“CB JENI”). As a result, CB JENI 
became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, was no longer considered a VIE and was 
consolidated based on the majority voting interest pursuant to ASC 810.

As both the entity wholly owned by the Company to which CB JENI ownership interests were assigned 
and  CB JENI were  controlled  by  the  Company  on April  29,  2020,  the  acquisition  of  the  remaining 
membership  interest  was  accounted  for  at  the  carrying  amounts  on  CB JENI’s  books,  pursuant  to 
provisions of ASC 805 that govern transactions between entities under common control.

Consolidated VIEs
The Providence Group of Georgia LLC (“TPG”), the controlled builder based in Atlanta, in which the 
Company owns a 50% equity interest, is deemed to be a VIE for which the Company is considered 
the  primary  beneficiary.  We  sell  finished  lots  and  option  lots  from  third-party  developers  to  this 
controlled  builder  for  their  homebuilding  operations  and  provide  them  with  construction  financing 
and strategic planning. The board of managers of this controlled builder has the power to direct the 
activities  that  significantly  impact  the  controlled  builder’s  economic  performance.  Pursuant  to  the 
Company’s agreement with this controlled builder, the Company has the ability to appoint two of the 
three members to the controlled builder’s board of managers. A majority of the board of managers 
constitutes  a  quorum  to  transact  business.  No  action  can  be  approved  by  the  board  of  managers 
without the approval from at least one individual whom the Company has appointed at the controlled 
builder. 

The Company has the ability to control the activities of the controlled builder that most significantly 
impact the controlled builder’s economic performance. Such activities include, but are not limited to, 
involvement in the day to day capital and operating decisions, the ability to determine the budget and 
plan, the ability to control financing decisions, and the ability to acquire additional land or dispose of 
land. In addition, the Company has the right to receive the expected residual returns and obligation 
to absorb the expected losses of the controlled builder through the pro rata profits and losses we are 
allocated based on our ownership interest. Therefore, the financial statements of the Atlanta-based 
controlled builder are consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements following the 
variable interest model. 

The aggregated carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of TPG following the variable interest model 
were $162.0 million and $146.6 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2021 and $131.9 million and 
$125.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2020. The noncontrolling interest attributable to the 
50% minority interest owned by the Atlanta-based controlled builder was included as noncontrolling 
interests in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The creditors of the above controlled 
builder have no recourse against the Company.

Unconsolidated VIEs
Please refer to Note 5 for information on the Company’s VIE evaluation of its joint ventures with EJB 
River Holdings, LLC and GBTM Sendera, LLC. 

Land and lot option purchase contracts
The  Company  evaluates  all  option  contracts  to  purchase  land  and  lots  to  determine whether  they 
are VIEs and, if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of counterparts of these option 
contracts. Although the Company does not have legal title to the optioned land or lots, if the Company 
is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of or makes a significant deposit for optioned land or lots, it 
may need to consolidate the land or lots under option at the purchase price of the optioned land or 
lots.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s exposure to loss related to its option contracts 
with third parties primarily consisted of its non-refundable option deposits. Following VIE evaluation, 
it was concluded that the Company was not the primary beneficiary in any of the VIEs related to land 
or lot option contracts as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. 

No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |  V i l l a s   a t   S o u t h g a t e   -   Fl o w e r  Mo u n d ,  T X
No r m a n d y  Ho m e s   |  V i l l a s   a t   S o u t h g a t e   -   Fl o w e r  Mo u n d ,  T X

78
78

79

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   C i b o l o   H i l l s   -   Fo r t  Wo r t h ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   C i b o l o   H i l l s   -   Fo r t  Wo r t h ,  T X

4. INVENTORY

A summary of inventory is as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 
2021

December 31, 
2020

Homes completed or under construction

$ 

544,258 $ 

356,706

Land and lots - developed and under development

620,129  

482,371

Land held for sale

Total inventory

39,356  

5,558

$ 

1,203,743 $ 

844,635

A summary of interest costs incurred, capitalized and expensed is as follows (in thousands):

2021

Years Ended December 31,
2019

2020

Interest capitalized at beginning of period $ 

17,520 $ 

18,596 $ 

Interest incurred

13,340  

9,823  

Interest charged to cost of revenues  

(10,910)  

(10,899)  

Interest capitalized at end of period

$ 

19,950 $ 

17,520 $ 

14,780

12,140

(8,324)

18,596

Capitalized interest as a percentage of 
inventory

1.7%  

2.1%

As  of  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  reviewed  the  performance  and  outlook  for  all  of  its 
communities for indicators of potential impairment and performed detailed impairment analysis when 
necessary. As  of  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  performed  further  impairment  analysis  of  the 
selling communities with indicators of impairment with a combined corresponding carrying value of 
approximately $0.1 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2021,the Company did not record an impairment adjustment to reduce 
the carrying value of impaired communities to fair value. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 
2019, the Company recorded a de minimis impairment adjustment and $0.1 million, respectively, to 
reduce the carrying value of impaired communities to fair value. The recorded impairment adjustments 
related to real estate inventory in our builder operations segments were included in cost of residential 
units in our consolidated statements of income.

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5. INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES

Green Brick Mortgage

A summary of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities is as follows (in thousands):

GB Challenger, LLC

GBTM Sendera, LLC

EJB River Holdings, LLC

Green Brick Mortgage, LLC

BHome Mortgage, LLC

December 31, 
2021

December 31, 
2020

$37,737

$29,488

9,854  

6,130  

715  

1,180  

9,846

5,296

1,207

606

Total investment in unconsolidated entities 

$55,616

$46,443

Challenger  

The Company holds two of the five board of managers (the “Managers”) seats of GB Challenger, LLC 
(“Challenger”). Challenger’s six officers, who are employees of the Challenger entities, were designated 
by the Managers for the purpose of managing the day to day operations. The Company does not have 
a controlling financial interest in Challenger as the Company has less than 50% of the voting interests 
in Challenger. The Company’s investment in Challenger is treated as an unconsolidated investment 
under the equity method of accounting and is included in investments in unconsolidated entities in 
the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s investment in Challenger is carried at cost, as adjusted for the Company’s share of 
income  or  losses  and  distributions  received,  as well  as  for  adjustments  related  to  basis  differences 
between  the  Company’s  cost  and  the  Company’s  underlying  equity  in  net  assets  recorded  in 
Challenger’s financial statements as of the date of acquisition. 

As  of  December  31,  2021,  the  carrying  value  of  the  investment  in  Challenger  was  $37.7  million, 
whereas the underlying 49.9% equity in net assets of Challenger was $35.1 million. The $2.6 million 
difference represents the premium paid for the Company’s equity interest in excess of Challenger’s 
carrying value. This basis difference primarily relates to the estimated fair value of inventory, as well 
as the Challenger Homes trade name and capitalized acquisition costs. The amortization of the basis 
differences  related  to  inventory  is  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  equity  in  income  of  unconsolidated 
entities as homes are closed on and delivered to homebuyers. The basis difference related to the trade 
name is amortized over ten years as a reduction of equity in income of unconsolidated entities.

In  June  2018,  the  Company  formed  a  joint  venture  with  PrimeLending  to  provide  mortgage  loan 
origination services to our builders. The Company owns a 49% equity interest in Green Brick Mortgage, 
LLC (“Green Brick Mortgage”) which initiated mortgage loan origination activities in September 2018. 
The  Company  determined  that  the  investment  in  Green  Brick  Mortgage  should  be  treated  as  an 
unconsolidated  investment  under  the  equity  method  of  accounting  and  included  in  investments  in 
unconsolidated entities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. On September 1, 2020, the 
Company increased its ownership interest in GRBK Mortgage, LLC from 49.00% to 49.99%.

EJB River Holdings

In December 2018, EJB River Holdings joint venture was formed by TPG with the purpose to acquire 
and develop a tract of land in Gwinnett County, Georgia. In May 2019, East Jones Bridge, LLC (“EJB”) 
was admitted as a member of EJB River Holdings, which resulted in TPG and EJB each having a 50% 
ownership interest in EJB River Holdings. The Company determined that the investment in EJB River 
Holdings should be treated as an unconsolidated investment under the equity method of accounting 
and included in investments in unconsolidated entities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. 

In October 2019, EJB River Holdings issued two loans with the total maximum amount of borrowings 
of  $21.9  million  to  finance  its  land  acquisition  and  development.  Subsequently,  a  wholly  owned 
subsidiary of the Company provided a limited $2.0 million guarantee in connection with these loans. 
The approximate term of the guarantee is 35 months. In the event EJB River Holdings defaults on one 
of the loans, the maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required 
to make under its limited guarantee is $2.0 million. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has no 
current  liability  related  to  the  guarantee  obligation  as  the  payment  risk  of  the  guarantee  has  been 
assessed to be very low.

As of December 31, 2021, the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of EJB River Holdings were 
$29.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively. Assets were comprised of real estate inventory and cash, 
whereas the liabilities were comprised of loans and interest payable. As of December 31, 2021, the 
Company’s maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with EJB River Holdings was $8.1 
million, represented by the sum of the Company’s investment in EJB River Holdings of $6.1 million and 
the $2.0 million limited guarantee described above.

BHome Mortgage

The Company recognized $14.8 million, $11.9 million, and $8.3 million, related to Challenger in equity 
in income of unconsolidated entities during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, 
respectively. 

In May 2020, we established a joint venture, BHome Mortgage, LLC (“BHome Mortgage”) with First 
Continental Mortgage, Ltd., to provide mortgage related services to homebuyers. The Company owns 
49%  in  BHome  Mortgage.  In  May  2020,  BHome  Mortgage  received  initial  capital  contributions  of 
approximately $0.5 million from its two members in accordance with their membership interest. 

Providence Title

In March 2018, the Company formed a joint venture with a title company in Georgia to provide title 
closing  and  settlement  services  to  our Atlanta-based  builder. The  Company,  through  its  controlled 
builder, The Providence Group of Georgia, L.L.C. (“TPG”), owned a 49% equity interest in Providence 
Group Title, LLC (“Providence Title”). The Company’s investment in Providence Title was treated as 
an unconsolidated investment under the equity method of accounting and included in investments in 
unconsolidated entities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. In December 2020, this joint 
venture was terminated and the Company incurred a de minimis loss upon dissolution. 

The  Company  determined  that  the  investment  in  BHome  Mortgage  should  be  treated  as  an 
unconsolidated  investment  under  the  equity  method  of  accounting  and  included  in  investments  in 
unconsolidated entities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

GBTM Sendera, LLC

In August 2020, GBTM Sendera, LLC joint venture (“GBTM Sendera”) was formed by GRBK Edgewood, 
LLC (“GRBK Edgewood”) and TM Sendera, LLC (“TM Sendera”) with the purpose to acquire and develop 
a tract of land in Fort Worth,Texas. Each party holds a 50% ownership interest in GBTM Sendera. 

80

 
 
 
 
In August 2020, GBTM Sendera received two $9.0 million initial contributions from each of its two 
members,  GBRK  Edgewood  and TM  Sendera.  Per  the  GBTM  Sendera  company  agreement,  GRBK 
Edgewood  and  TM  Sendera  share  equally  in  the  profits  and  losses  of  GBTM  Sendera,  with  the 
exception of certain customary fees. In September 2020, an additional $0.8 million contribution was 
made  each  by  GRBK  Edgewood  and TM  Sendera.  GBTM  Sendera  began  land  development  during 
2021 and is expected to complete its first phase of development in the first quarter of 2022.

Following the analysis of the above facts and provisions of the GBTM Sendera company agreement, 
the Company has determined that GBTM Sendera is a joint venture to be evaluated under the voting 
interest model. Therefore, the investment in GBTM Sendera is treated as an unconsolidated investment 
under the equity method of accounting and is included in investments in unconsolidated entities in the 
Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Revenues

Costs and expenses

Net earnings of unconsolidated entities

Company’s share in net earnings of 
unconsolidated entities

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

$221,190

$181,724

181,429

$39,761

$19,713

145,525

$36,199

$16,654

2019

$166,368

144,097

$22,271

$9,809

A summary of the Company’s share in net earnings (losses) by unconsolidated entity is as follows (in 
thousands):

As of December 31, 2021, the carrying amount of GBTM Sendera net assets was $19.7 million. Assets 
were comprised of real estate inventory and cash, whereas the liabilities were comprised of accounts 
payable  and  notes  payable. As  of  December  31,  2021,  the  Company’s  maximum  exposure  to  loss 
as a result of its involvement with GBTM Sendera was $9.9 million, represented by the Company’s 
investment in GBTM Sendera.

A summary of the financial information of the unconsolidated entities that are accounted for by the 
equity method, as described above, is as follows (in thousands): 

GB Challenger, LLC

Green Brick Mortgage, LLC

BHome Mortgage, LLC

EJB River Holdings, LLC

Providence Group Title, LLC

GBTM Sendera, LLC

Years Ended December 31,

2021

$14,831

2,464

1,585

833

— 

— 

2020

$11,899

4,727

18

(2)

12

— 

Assets:

Cash

Accounts receivable

Bonds and notes receivable

Loans held for sale, at fair value

Inventory

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Notes payable

Total liabilities

Owners’ equity:

Green Brick

Others

Total owners’ equity

Total liabilities and owners’ equity

December 31, 
2021

December 31, 
2020

Total net earnings from unconsolidated entities

$19,713

$16,654

During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, the Company did not identify indicators 
of impairment for its investments in unconsolidated entities.

$15,903

4,787  

5,772  

20,734  

166,861  

7,220  

$221,277

$7,701

13,992  

95,816  

$117,509

$52,983

50,785  

$103,768

$221,277

$12,765

1,815

5,942

14,530

122,819

8,377

$166,248

$7,171

11,148

60,642

$78,961

$43,451

43,836

$87,287

$166,248

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

The following is a summary of property and equipment by major classification and related accumulated 
depreciation as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 totaled $2.7 million, 
$3.6  million,  and  $2.9  million,  respectively,  and  is  included  in  selling,  general  and  administrative 
expense in our consolidated statements of income.

Model home furnishings and capitalized  
sales office costs

Office furniture and equipment

Leasehold improvements

Computers and equipment

Vehicles and field trailers

Less: accumulated depreciation

Total property and equipment, net

December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020

7,140  

489  

2,060  

498  

790  

10,977  

(8,165)  

$2,812

7,362

486

1,996

724

561

11,129

(7,534)

$3,595

C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X
C e n t re   L i v i n g   Ho m e s   |   Em o r y  Pa r k   -   Da l l a s ,  T X

82
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7. DEBT

The aggregated annual principal payments under the borrowings on lines of credit and senior unsecured 
notes over the next five years as of December 31, 2021 are (in thousands):

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

Thereafter

Total

Lines of Credit

$2,000

— 

37,500

37,500

75,000

187,500

$339,500

Borrowings on lines of credit outstanding, net of debt issuance costs, as of December 31, 2021 and 
2020 consist of the following (in thousands):

Secured Revolving Credit Facility 

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

Debt issuance costs, net of amortization

Total borrowings on lines of credit, net

Secured Revolving Credit Facility

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

$2,000

— 

(2,738)

$(738)

$7,000

101,000

(1,313)

$106,687

The  Company  is  party  to  a  revolving  credit  facility  (the  “Secured  Revolving  Credit  Facility”)  with 
Inwood  National  Bank, which  provides  for  an  aggregate  commitment  amount  of  $35.0  million.  On 
May 22, 2020, the Company amended the Secured Revolving Credit Facility to reduce the aggregate 
commitment  amount  of  $75.0  million  to  $35.0  million.  Amounts  outstanding  under  the  Secured 
Revolving Credit Facility are secured by mortgages on real property and security interests in certain 
personal property (to the extent that such personal property is connected with the use and enjoyment 
of the real property) that is owned by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The entire unpaid principal 
balance and any accrued but unpaid interest is due and payable on the maturity date. As of December 
31,  2021,  the  maturity  date  of  the  Secured  Revolving  Credit  Facility  is  May  1,  2022.  On  February 
9,  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  the  Eighth Amendment  to  this  credit  agreement  to  extend  its 
maturity date to May 1, 2025 and to reduce the minimum interest rate from 4.00% to 3.15%. All other 
material terms of the credit agreement, as amended, remained unchanged. 

As of December 31, 2021, letters of credit outstanding totaling $0.2 million reduced the aggregate 
maximum commitment amount to $34.8 million.

As  of  December  31,  2021,  outstanding  borrowings  under  the  amended  Secured  Revolving  Credit 
Facility bear interest payable monthly at a floating rate per annum equal to the rate announced by 
Bank of America, N.A., from time to time, as its “Prime Rate” (the “Index”) with such adjustments to the 
interest rate being made on the effective date of any change in the Index, less 0.25%. Notwithstanding 
the foregoing, the interest may not, at any time, be less than 4% per annum or more than the lesser 
amount of 18% and the highest maximum rate allowed by applicable law. As of December 31, 2021, 

the interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Secured Revolving Credit Facility was 4.00% 
per annum.

The Secured Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base limitation equal to the sum of 
50% of the total value of land and 65% of the total value of lots owned by certain of the Company’s 
subsidiaries, each as determined by an independent appraiser, with the value of land being restricted 
from being more than 65% of the borrowing base. The amended Secured Revolving Credit Facility is 
also subject to a non-usage fee equal to 0.25% of the average unfunded amount of the commitment 
amount over a trailing 12 month period. 

Under the terms of the amended Secured Revolving Credit Facility, the Company is required, among 
other things, to maintain minimum multiples of tangible net worth in excess of the outstanding Secured 
Revolving Credit Facility balance, minimum interest coverage and maximum leverage. The Company 
was in compliance with these financial covenants under the Secured Revolving Credit Facility as of 
December 31, 2021.

De minimis fees and other debt issuance costs were incurred during each of the years ended December 
31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, associated with the Secured Revolving Credit Facility amendments. These 
costs are deferred and reduce the carrying amount of debt in our consolidated balance sheets. The 
Company subjects these costs to analysis for capitalization to inventory over the term of the Secured 
Revolving Credit Facility using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest rate 
method for our senior unsecured notes and notes payable.

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

The Company is party to a credit agreement, providing for a senior, unsecured revolving credit facility 
(the  “Unsecured  Revolving  Credit  Facility”).  The  Unsecured  Revolving  Credit  Facility  provides  for 
maximum aggregate lending commitments of up to $325.0 million of which the Company has secured 
outstanding  commitments  of  $300.0  million.  On  December  10,  2021,  the  Company  amended  the 
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility to increase the aggregate commitment amount from $275.0 million 
to $300.0 million. As amended, the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility’s lender group is comprised of 
eight banks including Flagstar Bank, Veritex Community Bank, Huntington National Bank, Texas Capital 
Bank, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, BancorpSouth Bank, Woodforest National Banks, and MidFirst Bank. 
The termination date with respect to commitments under the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility is 
December 14, 2024 for $300.0 million. 

The Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility provides for interest rate options on advances at rates equal 
to either: (a) in the case of base rate advances, the highest of (1) Citibank’s base rate, (2) the federal 
funds rate plus 0.5%, and (3) the one-month LIBOR plus 1.0%, in each case plus 1.5%; or (b) in the case 
of Eurodollar rate advances, the reserve adjusted LIBOR plus 2.5%. Interest on amounts borrowed 
under the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility is payable in arrears on a monthly basis. As of December 
31, 2021, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility. 

The Company pays the lenders a commitment fee on the amount of the unused commitments on a 
quarterly basis at a rate per annum equal to 0.45%.

Outstanding borrowings under the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility are subject to, among other 
things, a borrowing base. The borrowing base limitation is equal to the sum of: 100% of unrestricted 
cash  in  excess  of  $15.0  million;  85%  of  the  book value  of  model  homes,  construction  in  progress 
homes, completed sold and speculative homes (subject to certain limitations on the age and number 
of  speculative  homes  and  model  homes);  65%  of  the  book  value  of  finished  lots  and  land  under 

83

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
development; and 50% of the book value of entitled land (subject to certain 
limitations on the value of entitled land and land under development as a 
percentage of the borrowing base).

Optional prepayment is allowed with payment of a “make-whole” penalty 
which fluctuates depending on market interest rates. Interest is payable 
quarterly in arrears commencing on November 26, 2020.

Fees and other debt issuance costs of $2.8 million, $0.5 million and $0.3 
million were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 
and 2019, respectively, associated with the amendments, term extensions 
and  increases  in  lenders’  commitments.  These  costs  are  deferred  and 
reduce the carrying amount of debt in our consolidated balance sheets. 
The Company capitalizes these costs to inventory over the term of the 
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility using the straight-line method, which 
approximates the effective interest rate method for our senior unsecured 
notes and notes payable.

Under the terms of the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, the Company 
is  required  to  maintain  compliance  with  various  financial  covenants, 
including a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum interest coverage ratio, 
and  a  minimum  consolidated  tangible  net  worth.  The  Company  was  in 
compliance with these financial covenants under the Unsecured Revolving 
Credit Facility as of December 31, 2021.

Senior Unsecured Notes

On August 8, 2019, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement 
with Prudential Private Capital to issue $75.0 million aggregate principal 
amount  of  senior  unsecured  notes  (the  “2026  Notes”)  due  on  August 
8, 2026 at a fixed rate of 4.00% per annum in a Section 4(a)(2) private 
placement  transaction.  The  Company  received  net  proceeds  of  $73.3 
million  and  incurred  debt  issuance  costs  of  approximately  $1.7  million 
that were deferred and reduced the amount of debt on our consolidated 
balance  sheet. The  Company  used  the  net  proceeds  from  the  issuance 
of  the  2026  Notes  to  repay  borrowings  under  the  Company’s  existing 
revolving credit facilities. Principal on the 2026 Notes is required to be 
paid in increments of $12.5 million on August 8, 2024 and $12.5 million 
on August  8,  2025. The  final  principal  payment  of  $50.0  million  is  due 
on August 8, 2026. Optional prepayment is allowed with payment of a 
“make-whole”  penalty  which  fluctuates  depending  on  market  interest 
rates. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears commencing November 8, 
2019.

On  August  26,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Note  Purchase 
Agreement  with  The  Prudential  Insurance  Company  of  America  and 
Prudential  Universal  Reinsurance  Company  to  issue  $37.5  million 
aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes (the “2027 Notes”) 
due on August 26, 2027 at a fixed rate of 3.35% per annum in a Section 
4(a)(2) private placement transaction. The Company received net proceeds 
of $37.4 million and incurred debt issuance costs of approximately $0.1 
million  that  were  deferred  and  reduced  the  amount  of  debt  on  our 
consolidated  balance  sheet. The  Company  used  the  net  proceeds  from 
the issuance of the 2027 Notes to repay borrowings under the Company’s 
existing  revolving  credit  facilities  and  for  general  corporate  purposes. 

On  February  25,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Note  Purchase 
Agreement  with  several  purchasers  to  issue  $125.0  million  aggregate 
principal  amount  of  senior  unsecured  notes  (the  “2028  Notes”)  due  on 
May  25,  2028  at  a  fixed  rate  of  3.25%  per  annum  in  a  Section  4(a)(2) 
private  placement  transaction.  The  Company  received  net  proceeds 
of  $124.4  million  and  incurred  debt  issuance  costs  of  approximately 
$0.6  million  that  were  deferred  and  reduced  the  amount  of  debt  on 
our  consolidated  balance  sheet.  The  Company  used  the  net  proceeds 
from  the  issuance  of  the  2028  Notes  to  repay  borrowings  under  the 
Company’s  existing  revolving  credit  facilities  and  for  general  corporate 
purposes.  Principal  on  the  2028  Notes  is  due  in  increments  of  $25.0 
million on February 25, 2024; $25.0 million on February 25, 2025; $25.0 
million on February 25, 2026; $25.0 million on February 25, 2027 and 
$25.0  million  on  February  25,  2028.  Optional  prepayment  is  allowed 
with payment of a “make-whole” penalty which fluctuates depending on 
market interest rates. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears commencing 
on May 25, 2021.

On  December  28,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Note  Purchase 
Agreement  with  several  purchasers  to  issue  $100.0  million  aggregate 
principal  amount  of  senior  unsecured  notes  (the  “2029  Notes”)  due  on 
December 28, 2029 at a fixed rate of 3.25% per annum in a Section 4(a)
(2)  private  placement  transaction. The  Company  received  net  proceeds 
of  $99.6  million  and  incurred  debt  issuance  costs  of  approximately 
$0.4 million that were deferred and reduced the amount of debt on our 
consolidated  balance  sheet. The  Company  used  the  net  proceeds  from 
the issuance of the 2029 Notes to repay borrowings under the Company’s 
existing  revolving  credit  facilities  and  for  general  corporate  purposes. 
Principal  on  the  2029  Notes  of  $30.0  million  is  due  on  December 
28,  2028.  The  remaining  principal  amount  of  $70.0  million  is  due  on 
December  29,  2029.  Optional  prepayment  is  allowed with  payment  of 
a  “make-whole”  penalty which  fluctuates  depending  on  market  interest 
rates. Interest is payable quarterly in arrears commencing on March 28, 
2022.

Under  the  terms  of  the  senior  unsecured  notes,  the  Company  is 
required,  among  other  things,  to  maintain  compliance  with  various 
financial  covenants,  including  maximum  leverage  ratios,  a  minimum 
interest coverage ratio, and a minimum consolidated tangible net worth. 
The  Company  was  in  compliance  with  these  financial  covenants  under 
the  Senior  Unsecured  Notes  as  of  December  31,  2021.  The  senior 
unsecured  notes  are  guaranteed  on  an  unsecured  senior  basis  by  the 
Company’s  significant  subsidiaries  and  certain  other  subsidiaries.  The 
senior unsecured notes will rank equally in right of payment with all of 
the Company’s existing and future senior unsecured and unsubordinated 
indebtedness.

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   
A p p l e’s   C ro s s i n g   -   Fa i r v i e w,  T X
A p p l e’s   C ro s s i n g   -   Fa i r v i e w,  T X

84
84

8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock 
Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  amended  and  restated  certificate  of  incorporation  (“Certificate  of 
Incorporation”), the Company is authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par 
value $0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2021, there were 51,151,911 shares of common stock 
issued and 50,759,972 outstanding. 

Preferred Stock
Pursuant  to  the  Company’s  Certificate  of  Incorporation,  the  Company  is  authorized  to  issue  up  to 
5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. The Board of Directors (the “Board”) 
has the authority, subject to any limitations imposed by law or NYSE rules, without further action by 
the stockholders, to issue such preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers (if 
any), the preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights or privileges, if any, 
of such series and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences and 
privileges may include, but are not limited to, dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms 
of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any 
series or the designation of that series. 

On December 23, 2021, the Company issued 2,000 shares of 5.75% Series A Cumulative Perpetual 
Preferred Stock for $50.0 million. The Company will pay cumulative cash dividends on the Series A 
Preferred Stock, when and as declared by the Board Of Directors, at the rate of 5.75% of the $25,000 
liquidation preference per share. Dividends will be payable quarterly in arrears, beginning on or about 
March 15, 2022.

The Company will have the option to redeem the shares, in whole or in part, at a redemption price 
equal to $25,000 per share on or after December 23, 2026, which is the fifth anniversary of the date 
of issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, or upon change of control. Unless the Company decides to 
exercise the redemption option, upon the occurrence of a change of control, preferred shareholders 
will have the right to convert some or all of the Series A Preferred Stock into a number of shares of the 
Company’s common stock equal to the lesser of (i) the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the sum of (x) 
the liquidation preference to be converted, plus (y) the amount per such share equal to any accrued 
and unpaid dividends, by (B) the common stock price, and (ii) 1.7059.

The  Company  incurred  $2.3  million  in  fees  and  expenses  in  connection  with  this  transaction  that 
reduced the amount of equity on our consolidated balance sheet. 

The table below presents a summary of the perpetual preferred stock outstanding at December 31, 
2021.

Series 

Description

Initial date of issuance

Total Shares Outstanding 

Liquidation Preference per 
Share (in dollars)

Carrying 
Value

Per Annum Dividend 
Rate

Redemption Period

Series A(1)

5.75% Cumulative Perpetual

December 2021  

2,000

$25

$50,000  

5.75%

n/a

(1) Ownership is held in the form of Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a 
share of preferred stock, paying a quarterly cash dividend, if and when declared. 

Share Repurchase Programs
In  October  2018,  the  Company’s  Board  authorized  a  share  repurchase  program  for  the  period 
beginning on October 3, 2018 and ending on October 3, 2020 of the Company’s common stock for 
an aggregate price not to exceed $30.0 million (the “2018 Share Repurchase Program”). The timing, 
volume  and  nature  of  share  repurchases  are  at  the  discretion  of  management  and  dependent  on 
market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, available cash and other factors, and may 
be suspended or discontinued at any time. Authorized repurchases may be made from time to time 
in the open market, through block trades or in privately negotiated transactions. No assurance can be 
given that any particular amount of common stock will be repurchased. All or part of the repurchases 
may be implemented under a trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 or Rule 10b-18 established by the SEC, 
which would allow repurchases under pre-set terms at times when the Company might otherwise be 
prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed blackout periods. This 
repurchase program may be modified, extended or terminated by the Board at any time. The Company 
intends to finance any repurchases with available cash and proceeds from borrowings under lines of 
credit.

On  December  31,  2018,  the  Company’s  Board  authorized  implementation  of  share  repurchases  in 
accordance with  a  trading  plan  under  Rule  10b5-1  (the  “December  2018 Trading  Plan”) within  the 
2018 Share Repurchase Program. The trading plan was effective from January 2, 2019 until March 30, 
2019. In January 2019, the Company repurchased 7,862 shares for approximately $0.1 million under 
the December 2018 Trading Plan.

In June 2019, the Company’s Board authorized discrete repurchases under the 2018 Share Repurchase 
Program of 39,320 shares for approximately $0.3 million.

On  June  27,  2019,  the  Company’s  Board  authorized  implementation  of  share  repurchases  in 
accordance with  a  trading  plan  under  Rule  10b5-1  (the  “June  2019 Trading  Plan”) within  the  2018 
Share Repurchase Program. The trading plan was effective from July 1, 2019 until August 5, 2019. In 
July 2019, the Company repurchased 144,584 shares for approximately $1.2 million under the June 
2019 Trading Plan.

In  September  2019,  the  Company’s  Board  authorized  discrete  repurchases  under  the  2018  Share 
Repurchase Program of 63,417 shares for approximately $0.6 million.

The 2018 Share Repurchase Program expired on October 3, 2020. 

2021 Share Repurchase Program
On March 1, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a new $50.0 million 
stock repurchase program (the “Repurchase Plan”). The Repurchase Plan authorizes the Company to 
purchase from time to time on or prior to December 31, 2022, up to $50.0 million of our outstanding 
common stock through open market repurchases in compliance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange 
Act  and/or  in  privately  negotiated  transactions  at  management’s  discretion  based  on  market  and 
business  conditions,  applicable  legal  requirements  and  other  factors.  Shares  repurchased  will  be 
retired.  The  Repurchase  Plan  may  be  modified  or  terminated  by  our  Board  at  any  time  in  its  sole 
discretion. No shares were repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2021.

84

85

Employee Stock Awards 
On  March  1,  2021,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approved  an  incentive  program  for  eligible 
employees to participate in the Company’s new restricted stock award plan. This plan is being offered 
pursuant to the Company’s 2014 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. The Company incurred $0.1 million 
compensation expense related to these awards during the year ended December 31, 2021.

A  summary  of  share-based  awards  activity  during  the years  ended  December  31,  2021,  2020  and 
2019 is as follows:

Number of Shares 
(in thousands)

Weighted Average Grant Date 
Fair Value per Share

Nonvested, December 31, 2018

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested, December 31, 2019

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested, December 31, 2020

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested, December 31, 2021

34 $ 

219 $ 

(194) $ 

— 

$ 

59 $ 

250 $ 

(264) $ 

— 

$ 

45 $ 

139 $ 

(156) $ 

— 

$ 

28 $ 

12.00

9.14

9.67

—

9.05

8.63

8.10

12.33

22.10

19.09

23.21

— 

— 

Stock Options
Stock  options  granted  to  date  were  not  granted  under  the  2014  Equity  Plan.  The  stock  options 
outstanding  as  of  December  31,  2021  vested  and  became  exercisable  in  five  substantially  equal 
installments  on  each  of  the  first  five  anniversaries  of  the  grant  date  and  expire  10 years  after  the 
date on which they were granted. Compensation expense related to these options was expensed on 
a straight-line basis over the 5 years year service period. All of the stock options outstanding as of 
December 31, 2021 are vested. We utilized the Black-Scholes option pricing model for estimating the 
grant date fair value of the stock options. There were no stock options granted during the years ended 
December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

9. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

2014 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
On  October  17,  2014,  the  Company’s  stockholders  approved  the  Green  Brick  Partners,  Inc.  2014 
Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Equity Plan”). The purpose of the 2014 Equity Plan is to 
provide a means for the Company to attract and retain key personnel and to provide a means whereby 
current  and  prospective  directors,  officers,  employees,  consultants  and  advisors  can  acquire  and 
maintain an equity interest in the Company, or be paid incentive compensation, which may (but need 
not) be measured by reference to the value of the Company’s common stock, thereby strengthening 
their  commitment  to  the  welfare  of  the  Company  and  aligning  their  interests  with  those  of  the 
Company’s stockholders. The 2014 Equity Plan will terminate automatically on the tenth anniversary 
of the date it became effective. No awards will be granted under the 2014 Equity Plan after that date, 
but awards granted prior to that date may extend beyond that date. 

Under  the  2014  Equity  Plan,  awards  of  stock  options,  including  both  incentive  stock  options  and 
nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and restricted stock units, other 
share-based awards and performance compensation awards, may be granted. The maximum number 
of  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  that  is  authorized  and  reserved  for  issuance  under  the 
2014 Equity Plan is 2,350,956 shares, subject to adjustment for certain corporate events or changes 
in the Company’s capital structure. 

In  general,  the  Company’s  employees  or  those  reasonably  expected  to  become  the  Company’s 
employees, consultants and directors, are eligible for awards under the 2014 Equity Plan, provided 
that incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. The Company has six non-employee 
directors and approximately 540 employees (including employees of our builders) who are eligible to 
receive  awards  under  the  2014  Equity  Plan. Written  agreements  between  the  Company  and  each 
participant evidence the terms of each award granted under the 2014 Equity Plan. 

If any award under the 2014 Equity Plan expires or otherwise terminates, in whole or in part, without 
having been exercised in full, the common stock withheld from issuance under that award will become 
available for future issuance under the plan. If shares issued under the 2014 Equity Plan are reacquired 
by the Company pursuant to the terms of any forfeiture provision, those shares will become available 
for future awards under the plan. Awards that can only be settled in cash will not be treated as shares 
of common stock granted for purposes of the 2014 Equity Plan. The maximum amount that can be 
paid to any single participant in any one calendar year pursuant to a cash bonus award under the 2014 
Equity Plan is $2.0 million. As of December 31, 2021, 1,384,741 shares remain available for future 
grant of awards under the 2014 Equity Plan.

Share-Based Award Activity
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 the Company granted restricted stock 
awards (“RSAs”) under the 2014 Equity Plan to Executive Officers (“EOs”) and non-employee members 
of  the  Board. The  RSAs  granted  to  EOs were  100% vested  and  non-forfeitable  on  the  grant  date. 
Some  members  of  the  Board  elected  to  defer  up  to  100%  of  their  annual  retainer  fee  in  the  form 
of common stock. The RSAs granted to the Board will become fully vested on the earlier of (i) the 
first anniversary of the date of grant of the shares of restricted common stock or (ii) the date of the 
Company’s 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The fair value of the RSAs granted to EOs and non-
employee members of the Board were recorded as share-based compensation expense on the grant 
date  and  over  the vesting  period,  respectively.  During  the years  ended  December  31,  2021,  2020 
and 2019, the Company withheld 41,318; 75,708, and 59,116; shares, respectively, of common stock 
from EOs, at a total cost of $0.8 million, $0.6 million, and $0.5 million, for the respective periods, to 
satisfy statutory minimum tax requirements upon grant of the RSAs.

86

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A summary of stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows:

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s  
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s  
Ho l l y h o c k   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X
Ho l l y h o c k   -   Fr i s c o ,  T X

Number of  
Shares  
(in  
thousands)

Weighted  
Average  
Exercise  
Price per 
 Share

Weighted  
Average  
Remaining  
Contractual  
Term (in years)

Aggregate  
Intrinsic  
Value  
(in  
thousands)

Options outstanding, December 31, 2020

500

$7.49

Granted

Exercised

Forfeited

Options outstanding, December 31, 2021

Options exercisable, December 31, 2021

—

—

500

500

—

—

—

$7.49

$7.49

2.82

2.82

$11,420

$11,420

Share-Based Compensation Expense
Share-based  compensation  expense was  $3.1  million,  $2.1  million  and  $2.2  million  for  the years  ended 
December  31,  2021,  2020  and  2019,  respectively.  Recognized  tax  benefit  related  to  share-based 
compensation expense was $0.6 million, $0.4 million and $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 
2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, the estimated total remaining unamortized share-based compensation expense 
related to unvested RSAs, net of forfeitures, was $0.3 million which is expected to be recognized over a 
weighted-average period of 0.5 years. The total fair value of RSAs vested during the years ended December 
31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $3.0 million, $2.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, there was no remaining unamortized share-based compensation expense related 
to stock options.

87
87

  
  
  
  
10. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following reflects the disaggregation of revenue by primary geographic market, type of customer, product type, and timing of revenue recognition (in thousands):

Primary Geographical Market

Central

Southeast

Total revenues

Type of Customer

Homebuyers

Homebuilders and Multi-family Developers

Total revenues

Product Type

Residential units

Land and lots

Total revenues

Timing of Revenue Recognition

Transferred at a point in time

Transferred over time

Total revenues

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2021

2020

2019

Residential units 
revenue

Land and lots  
revenue

Residential units 
revenue

Land and lots  
revenue

Residential units 
revenue

Land and lots  
revenue

Years Ended December 31,

938,052 $ 

371,635  

1,309,687 $ 

66,613 $ 

26,576  

93,189 $ 

644,976 $ 

285,200  

930,176 $ 

43,788 $ 

2,057  

45,845 $ 

396,900 $ 

362,930  

759,830 $ 

1,309,687 $ 

— 

$ 

930,176 $ 

— 

$ 

759,830 $ 

— 

93,189  

— 

45,845  

— 

1,309,687 $ 

93,189 $ 

930,176 $ 

45,845 $ 

759,830 $ 

31,080

750

31,830

185

31,645

31,830

1,309,687 $ 

— 

$ 

930,176 $ 

— 

$ 

759,830 $ 

— 

— 

1,309,687 $ 

93,189  

93,189 $ 

— 

930,176 $ 

45,845  

45,845 $ 

— 

759,830 $ 

31,830

31,830

1,305,620 $ 

93,189 $ 

923,901 $ 

45,845 $ 

752,273 $ 

31,830

4,067  

— 

6,275  

— 

7,557  

— 

1,309,687 $ 

93,189 $ 

930,176 $ 

45,845 $ 

759,830 $ 

31,830

Revenue recognized over time represents revenue from mechanic’s lien contracts.

Contract Balances

Opening and closing contract balances included in customer and builder deposits on the consolidated balance sheets are as follows (in thousands):

Customer and builder deposits

$ 

64,610 $ 

38,131

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

The difference between the opening and closing balances of customer and builder deposits results from the timing difference between the customer’s payment of a deposit and the Company’s performance, 
impacted slightly by terminations of contracts. 

88

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The amount of deposits on residential units and land and lots held as of the beginning of the period 
and recognized as revenue during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in 
thousands):

2021

2020

The aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations on our 
land sale and lot option contracts is $8.9 million. The Company will recognize the remaining revenue 
when the lots are taken down, or upon closing for the sale of a land parcel, which is expected to occur 
as follows (in thousands):

$ 

$ 

29,313  $ 

2,126 

31,439  $ 

14,149 

5,929 

20,078 

2022

2023

Total

$ 

$ 

6,095 

2,784 

8,879 

Type of Customer

Homebuyers

Homebuilders and Multi-Family Developers

Total deposits recognized as revenue

Performance Obligations

There was no revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 from 
performance obligations satisfied in prior periods.

Transaction Price Allocated to Remaining Performance Obligations

The timing of lot takedowns is contingent upon a number of factors, including customer needs, the 
number of lots being purchased, receipt of acceptance of the plat by the municipality, weather-related 
delays, and agreed-upon lot takedown schedules.

Our contracts with homebuyers have a duration of less than one year. As such, the Company uses the 
practical expedient as allowed under ASC 606 and has not disclosed the transaction price allocated to 
remaining performance obligations as of the end of the reporting period.

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A
T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   B e l l m o o re   Pa r k   -  Jo h n s   C re e k ,   G A

89
89

 
 
 
11. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The  Company  has  three  reportable  segments  -  Builder  operations  Central,  Builder  operations 
Southeast, and Land development. Builder operations Central represents operations of our builders 
in Texas, whereas Builder operations Southeast represents operations of our builders in Georgia and 
Florida.

The operations of the Company’s builders were aggregated in these three reportable segments based 
on  similar  economic  characteristics,  including  geography,  housing  products,  class  of  homebuyer, 
regulatory environments, and methods used to construct and sell homes. The Company believes such 
presentation is consistent with the objective and basic principles of ASC 280 and provides the most 
meaningful information about the types of business activities in which the Company engages and the 
economic environments in which it operates. 

Corporate operations are reported as a non-operating segment and include activities which support 
the  Company’s  builder  operations,  land  development,  title  and  mortgage  operations  through 
centralization  of  certain  administrative  functions,  such  as  finance,  treasury,  information  technology 
and human resources, as well as development of strategic initiatives. Unallocated corporate expenses 
are reported in the corporate, other and unallocated segment as these activities do not share a majority 
of aggregation criteria with either the builder operations or land development segments. 

While the operations of Challenger meet the criteria for an operating segment, they do not meet the 
quantitative  thresholds  of ASC  280  to  be  separately  reported  and  disclosed. As  such,  Challenger’s 
results are included within the corporate, other and unallocated segment.

Green Brick Title, LLC (“Green Brick Title”), Green Brick Mortgage, and BHome Mortgage operations 
are not economically similar to either builder operations or land development and do not meet the 
quantitative thresholds of ASC 280 to be separately reported and disclosed. As such, these entities’ 
results are included within the corporate, other and unallocated segment.

Operations  of  EJB  River  Holdings  and  GBTM  Sendera  do  not  meet  the  criteria  for  an  operating 
segment, and they do not meet the quantitative thresholds of ASC 280 to be separately reported and 
disclosed. As such, these results are included within the corporate, other and unallocated segment. 

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

(in thousands)
Gross profit:

Builder operations

Central

Southeast

Total builder operations

Land development

Corporate, other and unallocated (2)

$ 

271,799 $ 

172,341 $ 

110,181  

381,980  

9,385  

(29,306)  

77,121  

249,462  

10,877  

(25,735)  

88,480

92,088

180,568

8,050

(19,536)

169,082

Total gross profit

$ 

362,059 $ 

234,604 $ 

Interest expense: (3)

Builder operations

Central

Southeast

Total builder operations

Corporate, other and unallocated

Total interest expense

$ 

$ 

— 

$ 

— 

$ 

24,072 

15,719  

15,719  

(15,719)  

— 

$ 

15,635  

15,635  

15,686

39,758

(15,635)  

(39,758)

— 

$ 

— 

Income before income taxes:

Builder operations

Central

Southeast

Total builder operations

Land development

Corporate, other and unallocated (4)

$ 

178,760 $ 

69,606  

248,366  

8,767  

(147)  

99,624 $ 

41,061  

140,685  

9,512  

(7,384)  

Income before income taxes

$ 

256,986 $ 

142,813 $ 

34,801

46,268

81,069

13,469

(10,209)

84,329

Financial information relating to the Company’s reportable segments is as follows. Operational results 
of each reportable segment are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have been achieved 
had the reportable segment been an independent, stand-alone entity during the periods presented. 

(in thousands)

Inventory:

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

(in thousands)
Revenues: (1)

Builder operations

Central

Southeast

Total builder operations

Land development

Total revenues

90

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

Builder operations

Central

Southeast

Total builder operations

Land development

$645,475

$396,900

Corporate, other and unallocated (5)

Total inventory

$ 

1,203,743 

$ 

$940,02

398,211  

1,338,232  

64,644  

287,257

932,732

43,289

363,680

760,580

31,080

Goodwill: 

Builder operations - Southeast

$ 

680 

$ 

680 

$ 

460,796 

$ 

258,759 

719,555 

449,654 

34,534 

421,477 

183,623 

605,100 

213,555 

25,980 

844,635 

$1,402,876

$976,021

$791,660

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) The sum of Builder operations Central and Southeast segments’ revenues does not equal residential 
units revenue included in the consolidated statements of income in periods when our builders have 
revenues from land or lot closings, which for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 
were $28.5 million, $2.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

(2) Corporate, other and unallocated gross loss is comprised of capitalized overhead and capitalized 
interest adjustments that are not allocated to builder operations and land development segments.

(3)  Interest  expense  of  Builder  operations  Central  and  Southeast  segments  represents  an  interest 
expense charged by Corporate, other and unallocated segment in relation to financing purchases of 

land and construction of some of the Company’s Dallas and Atlanta builders. Intercompany interest 
revenue of the Corporate, other and unallocated segment is eliminated in consolidation.

(4) Corporate, other and unallocated loss before income taxes includes results from Green Brick Title, 
LLC and investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries, in addition to capitalized cost adjustments that 
are not allocated to operating segments.

(5) Corporate, other and unallocated inventory consists of capitalized overhead and interest related to 
work in process and land under development. 

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L i g h t   Fa r m s   -   C e l i n a ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   L i g h t   Fa r m s   -   C e l i n a ,  T X

91
91

12. INCOME TAXES

On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, 
or the CARES Act, as a response to the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, 
which, among other things, included several temporary changes to corporate income tax provisions. 
The CARES Act did not have a significant impact on our expense for income taxes for the year ended 
December 31, 2020. 

Income Tax Expense
The components of current and deferred income tax expense are as follows (in thousands):

from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020. In December 2020, Congress approved the Taxpayer 
Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020, which extended the federal energy efficient homes tax 
credit through December 31, 2021. 

Deferred Income Taxes

The primary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities are as 
follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020

Current income tax expense (benefit):

Federal

State

Total current income tax expense

Deferred income tax expense (benefit):

Federal

State

Total deferred income tax expense

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

$ 

47,688  $ 

20,968  $ 

15,980 

5,282 

52,970 

4,162 

25,130 

(604)  

239 

(365)  

(354)  

240 

(114)  

2,810 

18,790 

774 

463 

1,237 

Total income tax expense

$ 

52,605  $ 

25,016  $ 

20,027 

Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The income tax expense differs from the amount that would be computed by applying the statutory 
federal income tax rates of 21% for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively, to income before income taxes as a result of the following (amounts in thousands): 

Deferred tax assets:

Basis in partnerships

Accrued expenses

Inventory

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Lease liabilities - operating leases

Stock-based compensation

Other

Deferred tax assets, gross

Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets, net

Deferred tax liabilities:

Right-of-use assets - operating leases

Prepaid insurance

Other

Deferred tax liabilities

Years Ended December 31,

Total deferred income tax assets, net

$ 

6,867 $ 

4,404  

2,956  

1,240  

1,078  

404  

218  

8,163

2,979

2,585

1,385

601

392

349

17,167  

16,454

— 

— 

17,167 $ 

16,454

(1,060) $ 

(97)  

(269)  

(1,426) $ 

15,741 $ 

(581)

(372)

(125)

(1,078)

15,376

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2021

2020

2019

Tax on pre-tax book income (before reduction of 
noncontrolling interests)

$ 

Tax effect of non-controlled earnings

State income tax expense, net of federal benefit
Adjustments to deferred tax assets related to 
state net operating losses
Change in valuation allowance

53,967 $ 

29,991 $ 

17,709

(2,976)  

4,425  

(862)  

3,606  

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,252)

2,706

1,063

(1,063)

Uncertain Tax Positions
The Company establishes accruals for uncertain tax positions that reflect management’s best estimate 
of deductions and credits that may not be sustained on a more-likely-than-not basis. In accordance 
with ASC 740, Income Taxes, the Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those 
positions have a more-likely-than-not chance of being sustained by the Company. Recognized income 
tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is considered greater than 50% likely of being 
realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in 
judgment occurs. There were no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2021. 

Tax credits

Other

Total income tax expense

Effective income tax rate

(3,629)  

(8,088)  

— 

818  

369  

$ 

52,605 $ 

25,016 $ 

20.5%  

17.5%  

864

20,027

23.7%

The change in the effective tax rate for year ended December 31, 2021 relates primarily to the impact 
of projected noncontrolling interest for the year and a tax benefit from the enactment of the Taxpayer 
Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2019 (“the 2019 Act”). The 2019 Act retroactively reinstated 
the federal energy efficient homes tax credit that expired on December 31, 2017 to homes closed 

92

There were  no  expenses  for  interest  and  penalties  related  to  uncertain  tax  positions  for  the years 
ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. There were no accrued liabilities related to uncertain tax 
positions as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Statutes of Limitations
The U.S. federal statute of limitations remains open for our 2018 and subsequent tax years. Due to 
the carryover of the federal net operating losses for years 2011 and forward, income tax returns going 
back to the 2011 tax year are subject to adjustment. 

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Colorado and Minnesota statutes of limitations remain open for our 2017 and subsequent tax 
years. The Nebraska statute of limitations remains open for our 2018 and subsequent tax years. 

The computation of basic and diluted net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. per common 
share is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

The Company’s subsidiaries file returns in Texas, Georgia and Florida and Colorado. 

The  Texas  statute  of  limitations  remains  open  for  the  2017  and  subsequent  tax  years.  Any  Texas 
adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the subsidiary 
partnership entities. 

The Georgia statute of limitations remains open for the 2018 and subsequent tax years. Any Georgia 
adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the partner. 

The Florida statute of limitations will remain open for the 2018 and subsequent tax years. Any Florida 
adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the partner.

The Company is not presently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authority.

13. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

We  have  a  qualifying  401(k)  defined  contribution  plan  that  covers  all  employees  of  the  Company. 
Each year, we may make discretionary matching contributions equal to a percentage of the employees’ 
contributions.  The  Company  contributed  $1.0  million,  $0.9  million  and  $0.8  million  of  matching 
contributions to the 401(k) plan during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

14. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

The  Company’s  restricted  stock  awards  have  the  right  to  receive  forfeitable  dividends  on  an  equal 
basis  with  common  stock  and  therefore  are  not  considered  participating  securities  that  must  be 
included in the calculation of net income per share using the two-class method. Basic earnings per 
common share is computed by dividing net income allocated to common shareholders by the weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding during each period, adjusted for non-vested shares 
of restricted stock awards during each period. Net income allocated to common shareholders is net 
income adjusted for preferred stock dividends including dividends declared and cumulative dividends 
related to the current dividend period that have not been declared as of period end. Diluted earnings 
per share is calculated using the treasury stock method and includes the effect of all dilutive securities, 
including stock options and restricted stock awards.

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

Net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. $  190,210  $  113,693  $ 

58,656 

Cumulative preferred stock dividends

(71)

—  — 

Net income applicable to common shareholders

190,139 

113,693 

58,656 

Weighted-average number of common shares out-
standing - basic

Basic net income attributable to Green Brick Part-
ners, Inc. per common share

$ 

50,700 

50,568 

50,530 

3.75  $ 

2.25 

$   1.16

Weighted-average number of common shares out-
standing - basic

Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted 
stock awards

Weighted-average number of common shares 
outstanding - diluted

Diluted net income attributable to Green Brick 
Partners, Inc. per common share

50,700 

50,568 

50,530 

360 

227 

106

51,060 

50,795 

50,636 

$ 

3.72  $ 

2.24 

$   1.16

The following shares that could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future are not included in 
the determination of diluted net income attributable to Green Brick Partners, Inc. per common share 
(in thousands):

Antidilutive options to purchase common stock and 
restricted stock awards

— 

10 

14 

Years Ended December 31,

2021

2020

2019

C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   En c l a ve s   a t   Mo u n t a i n  V i s t a   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO
C h a l l e n g e r  Ho m e s   |   En c l a ve s   a t   Mo u n t a i n  V i s t a   -   C o l o ra d o   Sp r i n g s ,   CO

93
93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Corporate Officers

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The  Company’s  financial  instruments,  none  of  which  are  held  for  trading  purposes,  include  cash, 
restricted cash, receivables, earnest money deposits, other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses, 
customer and builder deposits, borrowings on lines of credit, senior unsecured notes, notes payable, 
and contingent consideration liability.

Per  the  fair value  hierarchy,  level  1  financial  instruments  include:  cash,  restricted  cash,  receivables, 
earnest money deposits, other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and customer and builder 
deposits due to their short-term nature. The Company estimates that, due to the short-term nature 
of the underlying financial instruments or the proximity of the underlying transaction to the applicable 
reporting  date,  the  fair  value  of  level  1  financial  instruments  does  not  differ  materially  from  the 
aggregate carrying values recorded in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021 
and 2020. 

Trevor Brickman, the son of Green Brick’s Chief Executive Officer, is the President of Centre Living. 
Following a series of transactions described in Note 3, effective December 31, 2019, Green Brick’s 
ownership interest in Centre Living is 90% and Trevor Brickman’s ownership interest is 10%. Green 
Brick has 90% voting control over the operations of Centre Living. As such, 100% of Centre Living’s 
operations  are  included  within  our  consolidated  financial  statements.  During  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, Trevor Brickman made cash contributions to Centre Living of 
$0.0 million, $0.4 million, and $3.6 million, respectively. 

GRBK GHO
GRBK GHO leases office space from entities affiliated with the president of GRBK GHO. During the 
years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, GRBK GHO incurred lease costs of $0.2 million, 
$0.1 million, and $0.1 million in each period, under such lease agreements. As of December 31, 2021, 
there were no amounts due to the affiliated entities related to such lease agreements. 

Level  2  financial  instruments  include  borrowings  on  lines  of  credit,  senior  unsecured  notes,  and 
notes payable. Due to the short-term nature and floating interest rate terms, the carrying amounts 
of borrowings on lines of credit are deemed to approximate fair value. The estimated fair value of the 
senior unsecured notes as of December 31, 2021 was $352.3 million.

GRBK GHO receives title closing services on the purchase of land and third-party lots from an entity 
affiliated with the president of GRBK GHO. During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 
2019, GRBK GHO incurred de minimis fees related to such title closing services. As of December 31, 
2021, no amounts were due to the title company affiliate.

The fair value of the contingent consideration liability related to the GRBK GHO business combination 
was estimated using an internally developed discounted cash flow analysis. As the measurement of 
the contingent consideration was based primarily on significant inputs not observable in the market, it 
represents a level 3 measurement.

Key  inputs  in  measuring  the  fair value  of  the  contingent  consideration  liability were  management’s 
projections of GRBK GHO’s net income and debt, and the annual discount rate of 16.5% that reflected 
the risk associated with achieving the milestones of the contingent consideration payments.

The  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  balances  for  level  3  measurements  is  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Carrying Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Letters of Credit and Performance Bonds
During  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  certain  regulatory  agencies  and  municipalities  require  the 
Company  to  post  letters  of  credit  or  performance  bonds  related  to  development  projects.  As  of 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, letters of credit and performance bonds outstanding were $1.7 million 
and $9.8 million respectively. The Company does not believe that it is likely that any material claims 
will be made under a letter of credit or performance bond in the foreseeable future.

Warranties
Warranty activity, included in accrued expenses in our consolidated balance sheets, consists of the 
following (in thousands):

Contingent consideration liability, balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 

368 $ 

368

Warranty accrual, beginning of period

Payment of contingent consideration in excess of acquisition date 
fair value

(368)  

(368)

Warranties issued

Changes in liability for existing warranties

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

— 

Contingent consideration liability, balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 

— 

$ 

— 

— 

Settlements

Warranty accrual, end of period

December 31, 
2021

December 31, 
2020

$ 

$ 

6,407 $ 

6,174  

(357)  

(2,846)  

9,378 $ 

3,840

4,553

(26)

(1,960)

6,407

There  were  no  transfers  between  the  levels  of  the  fair  value  hierarchy  for  any  of  our  financial 
instruments as of December 31, 2021 when compared to December 31, 2020.

16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Operating Leases
The Company has leases associated with office and design center space in Georgia, Texas, and Florida 
that,  at  the  commencement  date,  have  a  lease  term  of  more  than  12  months  and  are  classified  as 
operating leases. The exercise of any extension options available in such operating lease contracts is 
not reasonably certain.

During 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company had the following related party transactions through the 
normal course of business.

Operating lease cost of $1.4 million, $1.3 million, and $1.3 million for these leases for the years ended 
December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, is included in selling, general and administrative 
expense in the consolidated statements of income. For each of the years ended December 31, 2021 

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and 2020, cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $1.3 
million, respectively.

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

None.

As  of  December  31,  2021,  the  weighted-average  remaining  lease  term  and  the  weighted-average 
discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 4.8 years and 4.12%, respectively.

ITEM 9.     CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING 
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

The future annual undiscounted cash flows in relation to the operating leases and a reconciliation of 
such undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance 
sheet as of December 31, 2021 are presented below (in thousands):

None.

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

Thereafter

Total future lease payments

Less: Interest

Present value of lease liabilities

ITEM 9A.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

1,538 

1,306 

507 

517 

504 

864 

5,236 

491 

4,745 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 
We have established disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information 
required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, as amended, is recorded, 
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the 
SEC  and,  as  such,  is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  Green  Brick’s  management,  including  our 
Chief  Executive  Officer  (“CEO”)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (“CFO”),  as  appropriate  to  allow  timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure. Management, together with our CEO and CFO, evaluated the 
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange 
Act,  as  of  December  31,  2021.  Based  on  our  evaluation,  the  CEO  and  CFO  concluded  that  our 
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021.

The  Company  elected  the  short-term  lease  recognition  exemption  for  all  leases  that,  at  the 
commencement date, have a lease term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to purchase 
the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. For such leases, the Company 
does not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities and instead recognizes lease payments in the 
consolidated income statements on a straight-line basis. Short-term lease costs of $0.7 million, $0.4 
million, and $0.4 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, related to 
such lease contracts are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated 
statements of income. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
Green Brick’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control 
over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Internal control over 
financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or 
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject 
to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree 
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Legal Matters
Lawsuits,  claims  and  proceedings  may  be  instituted  or  asserted  against  us  in  the  normal  course  of 
business. The Company is also subject to local, state and federal laws and regulations related to land 
development  activities,  house  construction  standards,  sales  practices,  title  company  regulations, 
employment  practices  and  environmental  protection.  As  a  result,  the  Company  may  be  subject  to 
periodic examinations or inquiry by agencies administering these laws and regulations.

The Company records an accrual for legal claims and regulatory matters when they are probable of 
occurring and a potential loss is reasonably estimable. The Company accrues for these matters based 
on facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revises these estimates when necessary.

In view  of  the  inherent  difficulty  of  predicting  outcomes  of  legal  claims  and  related  contingencies, 
the  Company  generally  cannot  predict  their  ultimate  resolution,  related  timing  or  eventual  loss.  If 
evaluations  indicate  loss  contingencies  that  could  be  material  are  not  probable,  but  are  reasonably 
possible, the Company will disclose their nature with an estimate of the possible range of losses or a 
statement that such loss is not reasonably estimable. We believe that the disposition of legal claims 
and  related  contingencies  will  not  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations  and 
liquidity or on our financial condition.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the CEO and CFO, 
we  conducted  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as 
of  December  31,  2021  based  upon  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our 
management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 
31, 2021.

RSM US LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial 
statements included in this report and has issued an attestation report on our internal control over 
financial reporting, which is included herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended December 31, 2021, there were no changes in our internal controls that 
have materially affected or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our internal control over 
financial reporting.

95

 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Green Brick Partners, Inc.

Opinion on the Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Green Brick Partners, Inc. and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements of the Company and our report 
dated March 1, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting in the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We 
are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations 
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control 
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, 
and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the 
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external 
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records 
that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of 
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could 
have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the 
risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ RSM US LLP

Dallas, Texas
March 1, 2022

96

97

ITEM 9B.     OTHER INFORMATION

The following table summarizes information with respect to the Registrant’s compensation plans under 
which the Registrant’s equity securities are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2021:

On February 9, 2022, the Company entered into the Eighth Amendment to its Credit Agreement with 
Inwood  National  Bank.  Pursuant  to  the  Eight Amendment,  the  Credit Agreement was  amended  to 
extend the maturity date of the Credit Agreement to May 1, 2025 and to reduce the minimum interest 
rate from 4.00% to 3.15%. All other material terms of the Credit Agreement, as amended, remained 
unchanged.

ITEM  9C.          DISCLOSURE  REGARDING  FOREIGN  JURISDICTIONS  THAT  PREVENT 
INSPECTIONS

Not applicable. 

PART III

ITEM 10.     DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information required by Part III, Item 10, is incorporated herein by reference to the  proxy statement 
for our 2022 annual meeting of shareholders (“Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the SEC no later than 
120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

ITEM 11.     EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Equity compensation plans approved 
by security holders

Equity Compensation Plan Information

As of December 31, 2021
(in thousands, except exercise price)

Number of 
Securities

Weighted  
Average

to be Issued

Exercise Price

Upon Exercise 
of

Outstanding 
Options,

Warrants and 
Rights

of Outstanding

Options,  
Warrants

and Rights

Number of 
Securities

Remaining 
Available for

Future Issuance 
Under

Equity Com-
pensation Plans

(Excluding 
Securities

Reflected in 
first column (a))

(a)

(b)

(c)

Information required by Part III, Item 11, is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement to 
be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

Equity compensation plans not  
approved by security holders

ITEM  12.          SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND 
MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Total

—

527,696

—

857,045

2014 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan

527,696

$ 

7.49  (1)

857,045

Information required by Part III, Item 12, is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement to 
be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

(1) Does not include 27,696 restricted stock awards as they do not have an exercise price. 

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   Pra t t   St a c k s   -  At l a n t a ,   G A
T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   |   Pra t t   St a c k s   -  At l a n t a ,   G A

97
97

     
ITEM 13.     CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information required by Part III, Item 13, is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

ITEM 14.     PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information required by Part III, Item 14, is incorporated herein by reference to our Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year.

98
98

T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   o f  G e o rg i a   |   Ha r ve s t   Pa r k   -   Su w a n e e ,   G A
T h e   Prov i d e n c e   G ro u p   o f  G e o rg i a   |   Ha r ve s t   Pa r k   -   Su w a n e e ,   G A

PART IV

ITEM 15.     EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

(1) Financial Statements

See Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2) Financial Statement Schedules

Financial statements schedules are omitted because they are not required or applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(3) Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K or are incorporated herein by reference:

Number

Exhibit Description

3.1

3.2

3.3

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

10.1

10.2

10.3

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed October 31, 2014).

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Green Brick Partners, Inc., effective as of January 27, 2022, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed January 27, 2022).

Certificate of Designation of 5.75% Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of Green Brick Partners, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on December 23, 2021. 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed October 31, 2014).

Description of Capital Stock 

Deposit Agreement, dated December 23, 2021 among the Company, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as depositary, and the holders of the depositary receipts issued thereun-
der (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 23, 2021).

Form of Depositary Receipt (attached to the Depositary Agreement in Exhibit 4.3)

Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of The Providence Group of Georgia, L.L.C., dated as of July 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to 
the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-197446) filed on July 16, 2014).
Second Amended and Restated Company Agreement of CB JENI Homes DFW LLC, dated as of January 1, 2018, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-K 
filed March 6, 2020). 
Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of JBGL A&A, LLC, dated November 15, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Regis-
tration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-197446) filed on July 16, 2014).

10.4†

Green Brick Partners, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 31, 2015).

10.5†

10.6†

10.7†

10.8†

Employment Agreement, dated as of July 22, 2019, between the Company and James R. Brickman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K 
filed July 26, 2019).
Green Brick Partners, Inc. Stock Option Agreement, dated as of October 27, 2014, between the Company and James R. Brickman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Com-
pany’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 31, 2014).
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 28 2021, between the Company and Richard A. Costello (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 3, 2021).
Employment Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2020, between the Company and Jed Dolson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q filed October 29, 2020).

98

99

Number

10.10

10.10.1

10.10.2

Exhibit Description

Second Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2016, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, and Citibank, N.A., as agent (incorporat-
ed by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 1, 2016).

Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2017, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, Flagstar Bank, FSB, as successor adminis-
trative agent, and Citibank, N.A., as existing administrative agent  (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 6, 2017).

Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2017, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, and Flagstar Bank, FSB, as agent (incorpo-
rated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 4, 2017).

10.10.3

Fifth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2018, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, Flagstar Bank, FSB, as administrative agent 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 5, 2018).

10.10.4

Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated December 22, 2020, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, and Flagstar Bank, FSB, as administrative 
agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 30, 2020).

10.10.5

Eight Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2021, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, and Flagstar Bank, FSB, as agent (incorporated 
by reference to the Exhibit 10.47 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 3,2021).

10.10.6

Ninth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated December 10, 2021, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., the lenders named therein, and Flagstar Bank, FSB, as administrative agent 
(incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 10.43 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 14, 2021).

10.36†*

Form of Stock Bonus Award Agreement

10.37†

Form of Other Stock-Based Award Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 3, 2018).

10.38†

Form of Performance Compensation Award Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 3, 2018).

10.39

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 9, 2019).

10.40

Subsidiary Guaranty Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 9, 2019).

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2020, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc., Prudential Universal Reinsurance Company and The Prudential Insurance Company of 
America (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed October 29, 2020).

Guaranty Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2020, by and among certain subsidiaries of Green Brick Partners, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Company’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q filed October 29, 2020).

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as October 27, 2014, by and among the Company and JBGL Exchange (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Willow Crest (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Hawthorne (Off-
shore), LLC, JBGL Inwood (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Chateau (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Castle Pines (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Lakeside (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Mustang (Offshore), LLC, JBGL Kittyhawk 
(Offshore), LLC, JBGL Builder Finance (Offshore), LLC, Greenlight Capital Qualified, LP, Greenlight Capital, LP, Greenlight Capital Offshore Partners, Greenlight Reinsurance, Ltd., Greenlight 
Capital (Gold), LP, Greenlight Capital Offshore Master (Gold), Ltd., Scott L. Roberts, L. Loraine Brickman Revocable Trust, Roger E. Brickman GST Marital Trust, James R. Brickman, Blake 
Brickman, Jennifer Brickman Roberts, Trevor Brickman and Natalie Brickman, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 31, 
2014).

Note Purchase Agreement, dated February 25, 2021, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc. and the several purchasers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 3, 2021).

Guaranty Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2021, by and among certain subsidiaries of Green Brick Partners, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed March 3, 2021).

Note Purchase Agreement, dated December 28, 2021, by and among Green Brick Partners, Inc. and the several purchasers named therein. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to 
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 3, 2022).

10.41

10.42

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.49

100

Number

Exhibit Description

10.50

Guaranty Agreement, dated as of December 28, 2021, by and among certain subsidiaries of Green Brick Partners, Inc.  (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.50 to the Company’s Cur-
rent Report on Form 8-K filed  January 3, 2022).

21*

List of Subsidiaries of the Company.

23.1*

Consent of RSM US LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to the Company.

31.1*

Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 7241).

31.2*

Certification of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 7241).

32.1*

Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).

32.2*

Certification of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer Pursuant To Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. Section 1350).

101.INS**

XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH**

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL**

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF**

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB**

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE**

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104**

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document contained in Exhibit 101).

* 

** 

† 

# 

Filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Submitted electronically herewith.

Management Contract or Compensatory Plan.

The Company hereby undertakes to furnish a copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit to such agreement to the SEC upon request.

ITEM 16.     FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

101

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized 
on March 1, 2022.

SIGNATURES

Green Brick Partners, Inc.

/s/ James R. Brickman

By: 

Its: 

James R. Brickman

Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated 
below.

Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

Title

Chief Financial Officer  (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Chairman of the Board

Director

Director

Director

Signature

/s/ James R. Brickman

James R. Brickman

/s/ Richard A. Costello

Richard A. Costello

/s/ Elizabeth K. Blake

Elizabeth K. Blake

/s/ Harry Brandler

Harry Brandler

/s/ David Einhorn

David Einhorn

/s/ John R. Farris

John R. Farris

/s/ Kathleen Olsen

Kathleen Olsen

/s/ Richard S. Press

Richard S. Press

102

Date

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

March 1, 2022

Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pra i r i e   R i d g e   -   M i d l o t h i a n ,  T X
Tro p h y  S i g n a t u re   Ho m e s   |   Pra i r i e   R i d g e   -   M i d l o t h i a n ,  T X

C o n t a c t  I n fo r m a t i o n

G re e n   Br i c k   Pa r t n e r s
2805 Dallas Parkway, Suite 400, Plano, TX 75093 | www.greenbrickpartners.com

Au d i t ,   R S M   U S   L L P
13155 Noel Road, Suite 2200, Dallas, TX 75240 | www.rsmus.com

Tr a n s fe r A g e n t ,   Bro a d r i d g e   F i n a n c i a l   S o l u t i o n s
51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY, 11717 | www.broadridge.com

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Green Brick Partners   |   2805 Dallas Parkway, Suite 400, Plano, TX 75093   |   www.greenbrickpartners.com

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