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Guidewire Software

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Employees 1001-5000
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FY2021 Annual Report · Guidewire Software
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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________ 
FORM 10-K
 ________________________________________

(Mark one)
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021
OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                 to                 .
Commission file number: 001-35394
________________________________________ 

Guidewire Software, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________________________ 

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
Incorporation or organization)

36-4468504
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

2850 S. Delaware St., Suite 400, San Mateo, California, 94403
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(650) 357-9100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
________________________________________ 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

(Title of each class)
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value

(Trading Symbol(s))
GWRE

(Name of each exchange on which registered)
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
_______________________________________ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or

for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this

chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒     No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See

definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☒
☐ 

   Accelerated filer
   Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☐
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting

standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under

Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  

☐    No  ☒

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price at which the common stock was sold on January 31, 2021, the

last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $6.1 billion. Shares of common stock held by
each executive officer, director and holder of 5% or more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate
status does not reflect a determination that such persons are affiliates of the registrant for any other purpose.

On August 31, 2021, the registrant had 83,076,348 shares of common stock outstanding.

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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report where indicated. Such

Proxy Statement will be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this report relates.

Table of Contents

Business
Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures

Guidewire Software, Inc.

Table of Contents

Part I

Part II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
[Reserved]
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures
Controls and Procedures
Other Information

Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.

Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.

Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Part III

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Part IV

1
10
34
34
34
34

35
37
37
55
57
96
96
97

98
98
98
98
98

99

 
 
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The sections titled “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” as well as other parts
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to
risks  and  uncertainties.  The  forward-looking  statements  may  include  statements  concerning,  among  other  things,  our  business  strategy  (including
anticipated  trends  and  developments  in,  and  management  plans  for,  our  business  and  the  markets  in  which  we  operate),  financial  results,  results  of
operations, revenue, gross margins, operating expenses, services, products, projected costs and capital expenditures, research and development programs,
sales  and  marketing  initiatives,  and  competition.  In  some  cases,  you  can  identify  these  statements  by  forward-looking  words,  such  as  “will,”  “may,”
“might,” “should,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “suggest,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan” and “continue,” the negative or plural of these
words and other comparable terminology. Actual events or results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these statements due to various
factors, including but not limited to the matters discussed below, in the section titled “Risk Factors,” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Many of the forward-looking statements are located in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements contained
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are based on information available to us as of the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our current
expectations about future events, which are inherently subject to change and involve risks and uncertainties. You should not place undue reliance on these
forward-looking statements.

We  do  not  undertake  any  obligation  to  update  any  forward-looking  statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  or  in  any  of  our  other
communications,  except  as  required  by  law.  All  such  forward-looking  statements  should  be  read  as  of  the  time  the  statements  were  made  and  with  the
recognition that these forward-looking statements may not be complete or accurate at a later date.

SUMMARY OF MATERIAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR BUSINESS

The principal risks and uncertainties affecting our business include the following:

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growth prospects of the property & casualty (“P&C”) insurance industry and our company;
the developing market for subscription services and uncertainties attendant on emerging sales and delivery models, including the migration of our
existing term license customers to cloud-based offerings on a subscription basis or failure to meet stipulated service levels with our subscription
services;
trends in and timing of future sales, including the mix between license and subscription revenue and seasonality;

our competitive environment and changes thereto;

competitive attributes of our software applications and delivery models;

change in our revenue mix resulting in potential declines in our subscription and support gross margin or our services gross margin;

our reliance on orders from a relatively small number of customers in the P&C insurance industry for a substantial portion of our revenue and
Annual Recurring Revenue (“ARR”);

the timing and number of professional services engagements and the billing rates and utilization of our professional services employees and
contractors;

challenges to further increase sales both in the United States and internationally;

potential failure of any of our established services or products to satisfy customer demands or to maintain market acceptance;

our sales and implementation cycles are lengthy and variable, depend upon factors outside our control, and could cause us to expend significant
time and resources prior to generating revenue;
our large customers have substantial negotiating leverage, which may require that we agree to terms and conditions that result in increased cost of
revenue, decreased revenue, and lower average selling prices and gross margins;
our business depends on customers renewing and expanding their license, support, and subscription contracts for our services and products;
potential inability to develop, introduce, and market new and enhanced versions of our services and products;

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our research and development and cloud operations investment and efforts;
our ability to comply with evolving local and foreign data privacy standards, including the General Data Protection Regulation in the European
Union (“EU”) and the U.K. and the California Consumer Privacy Act, the California Privacy Rights Act, the Virginia Consumer Data Protection
Act, and the Colorado Privacy Act,in the US, and maintain the security of our customer’s data, our cloud-based services or products, and the related
costs and liabilities that we may incur;
expenses to be incurred, and benefits to be achieved, from our acquisitions;
our gross and operating margins and factors that affect such margins; including costs related to operating, securing and enhancing our subscription
services;
our provision for tax liabilities, judgments related to revenue recognition, and other critical accounting estimates;
the timing and amount of any share repurchases by us;

the impact of new regulations and laws, including tax laws and accounting standards;

our ability to apply accounting guidance that requires management to make estimates and assumptions and to adapt to and interpret the
requirements of new guidance, or to clearly explain to stockholders how new guidance affects reporting of our results of operations;
our exposure to market risks, including geographical and political events that may negatively impact our customers, partners, and vendors or our
business operations;
privacy concerns could result in regulatory changes and impose additional costs and liabilities on us and limit our use of information;
the effect of uncertainties related to the global COVID-19 pandemic and future mutations or related strains of the virus such as the Delta variant on
U.S. and global economies, our business, our employees, results of operations, financial condition, demand for our products, sales and
implementation cycles, and the health of our customers' and partners' businesses;
data security breaches of our cloud-based services or products or unauthorized access to our customers’ data;
our stock price may be volatile, which could result in securities class action litigation against us;
our ability to successfully defend litigation brought against us; and
our ability to satisfy future liquidity requirements.

The summary risk factors described above should be read together with the text of the Risk Factors included in Item 1A of Part I of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K and the other information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes
thereto,  as  well  as  in  other  documents  that  we  file  with  the  U.S.  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (the  “SEC”).  Additional  risks  and  uncertainties,
beyond those summarized above or discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may apply to our business, activities, or operations as currently
conducted or as we may conduct them in the future or in the markets in which we operate or may in the future operate.

_________________________________________________________

Unless the context requires otherwise, we are referring to Guidewire Software, Inc. together with its subsidiaries when we use the terms “Guidewire,”

the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us.”

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Item 1.

Business

Overview and Purpose

Guidewire  delivers  a  leading  platform  that  Property  and  Casualty  (“P&C”)  insurers  trust  to  engage,  innovate,  and  grow  efficiently.  Guidewire’s
platform combines core operations, digital engagement, analytics, and artificial intelligence (“AI”) applications delivered as a cloud service or self-managed
software. As a partner to our customers, we continually evolve to enable their success and assist them in navigating a rapidly changing insurance market.

Our core operational services and products are InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud, InsuranceNow, and InsuranceSuite for self-managed installations.
These  services  and  products  are  transactional  systems  of  record  that  support  the  entire  insurance  lifecycle,  including  insurance  product  definition,
distribution,  underwriting,  policyholder  services,  and  claims  management.  InsuranceSuite  via  Guidewire  Cloud  is  a  highly  configurable  and  scalable
product, delivered as a service and primarily comprised of three core applications (PolicyCenter, BillingCenter, and ClaimCenter) that can be subscribed to
separately or together. These applications are built on and optimized for our Guidewire Cloud Platform (“GWCP”) architecture and leverage our in-house
Guidewire Cloud operations team. InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud is designed to support multiple releases each year to ensure that cloud customers
remain on the latest version and gain fast access to our innovation efforts. Additionally, InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud embeds digital and analytics
capabilities  natively  into  our  platform.  Most  new  sales  and  implementations  are  for  InsuranceSuite  via  Guidewire  Cloud.  InsuranceNow  is  a  complete,
cloud-based  application  that  offers  policy,  billing,  and  claims  management  functionality  to  insurers  that  have  limited  internal  information  technology
resources. InsuranceSuite for self-managed installations is comprised of three core applications (PolicyCenter, BillingCenter, and ClaimCenter) that can be
licensed separately or together and can be deployed and updated by our customers and their implementation partners. Our digital engagement applications
enable digital sales, omni-channel service, and enhanced claims experiences for policyholders, agents, vendor partners, and field personnel. Our Analytics
and AI offerings enable insurers to manage data more effectively, gain insights into their business, drive operational efficiencies, and underwrite new and
evolving  risks.  To  support  P&C  insurers  globally,  we  have  localized,  and  will  continue  to  localize,  our  platform  for  use  in  a  variety  of  international
regulatory, language, and currency environments.

Our customers range from some of the largest global insurance companies or their subsidiaries to predominantly national or local insurers that serve
specific states and/or regions. Our customer engagement is led by our direct sales team and supported by our system integrator (“SI”) partners. We maintain
and continue to grow our sales and marketing efforts globally, and maintain regional sales centers throughout the world.

Because our platform is critical to our new and existing customers’ businesses, their decision-making and product evaluation process is long, which
results in an extended sales cycle. These evaluation periods can extend further if a customer purchases multiple services and products or assesses the benefits
of a cloud-based subscription. Sales to new customers also involve extensive customer due diligence and reference checks. The success of our sales efforts
relies on continued improvements and enhancements to our current services and products, the introduction of new services and products, efficient operation
of our cloud infrastructure, continued development of relevant local content and automated tools for updating content, and successful implementations.

We  sell  our  cloud-delivered  offerings  through  subscription  services  and  our  self-managed  products  through  term  licenses.  We  generally  price  our
services and products based on the amount of direct written premium (“DWP”) that will be managed by our platform. Our subscription, term license, and
support fees are typically invoiced annually in advance. Subscription services are generally sold with an initial term of between three and five years with
optional annual renewals commencing after the initial term. Subscription revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the committed term, once all revenue
recognition criteria is met including providing access to the service. Term licenses are primarily sold with an initial two-year committed term with optional
annual renewals commencing after the initial term. We may enter into term license arrangements with our customers that have an initial term of more than
two years or may renew license arrangements for longer than one year. A small portion of our revenue is derived from perpetual licenses. Term and perpetual
license revenue are typically recognized when software is made available to a customer, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Our support revenue is generally recognized ratably over the committed support term of the licensed software. Our support fees are typically priced as a
fixed  percentage  of  the  associated  license  fees.  We  also  offer  professional  services,  both  directly  and  through  SI  partners,  to  help  our  customers  deploy,
migrate, and utilize our services, products, and platform. Substantially all of our services revenue is billed monthly on a time and materials basis.

We began our principal business operations in 2001.

Industry Background

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The P&C insurance industry is large, fragmented, highly regulated, and complex. It is also highly competitive, with insurers competing primarily on

product differentiation, pricing options, customer service, marketing and advertising, affiliate programs, and channel strategies.

P&C insurers modernize their transactional core systems to manage key functional areas of P&C insurance, including product definition, underwriting
and  policy  administration,  claims  management,  and  billing.  Product  definition  specifies  the  insurance  coverage,  pricing,  and  financial  and  legal  terms  of
insurance policies. Underwriting and policy administration includes collecting information from potential policyholders, determining appropriate coverages
and  terms,  pricing  policies,  issuing  policies,  and  updating  and  maintaining  policies  over  their  lifetimes.  Claims  management  includes  loss  intake,
investigation  and  evaluation  of  incidents,  settlement  negotiation,  vendor  management,  litigation  management,  and  payment  processing.  Billing  includes
policyholder invoicing, payment collection, and agent commission calculation. We believe insurers that adopt modern core systems can enhance customer
experience, operate more efficiently, and introduce innovative services and products more rapidly.

We  believe  the  P&C  insurance  industry  is  experiencing  accelerating  change  in  how  insurers  engage  with,  sell  to,  and  manage  relationships  with
individual and business customers. Today, P&C insurers are striving to respond to significant changes in their competitive marketplace and the character of
the risks they underwrite. The most significant changes include:

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an industry rapidly going through change that requires agility and efficiency from its core systems;

a rise in customer expectations for digital, mobile, and omni-channel interaction rather than the traditional agent model;

a need for 100% digital engagement capabilities;

a growth in demand for personalized services and products;

an increase in technology and market-driven changes in vehicular risk;

demand for coverage of emerging risks such as terrorism, cybersecurity, pandemic, and reputational risk;

a wealth of data and desire to harness data to improve and grow business;

advances in the use of data and analytics to better market to and engage with customers, price policies, and manage claims;

development of opportunities to compete or partner with non-traditional players that offer disruptive technology-based value propositions;

established industry leaders are facing increased competition from new entrants in the market, including insurtech companies; and

the introduction and leveraging of new technologies, such as drones, artificial intelligence, the “Internet of Things,” chatbots, and telematics.

Many of these trends, such as digital engagement capabilities and data analytics, have increased in importance as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In response to these trends, changes, challenges, and opportunities, we believe that the P&C insurance industry is entering a phase of increasing investment
in technology, characterized by investments in systems that increase agility and enhance digital engagement and analytics offerings.

While each insurer may have different goals and priorities when pursuing new technology investments, there are several major themes that we believe

guide these investments:

• Digital Engagement Models. We believe that insurers will need to provide a more intuitive, digital user experience to reduce the risk of customer
dissatisfaction and loss. Investment in digital user experience will allow insurers to deepen their engagement with customers and transition from
passive and transactional customer interactions to active and advisory relationships. This transition will require investments in software services and
products  that  are  designed  to  model  user  journeys  and  enable  more  frequent,  informed,  and  dynamic  interactions  between  insurers  and  their
customers. We believe these efforts can improve financial performance for insurers through increased lead conversions and lower customer churn.

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Cloud-Delivered Solutions. We believe that increased recognition of the compelling economic benefits of deploying software solutions on public
infrastructure  combined  with  increased  confidence  in  the  security  and  reliability  of  such  platforms  will  cause  more  insurers  to  consider  cloud-
deployed solutions. Insurers benefit from an optimized division of labor and risk, allowing third parties to manage their infrastructure as they focus
on competitively differentiating activities.

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• Data Driven Decision-Making. Insurers are seeking to explore, visualize, and analyze proprietary and third-party data to optimize decision-making
across the insurance lifecycle. We believe that such predictive analytical solutions are most effective when they provide predictive scores and other
analytical insights to insurers’ employees as they perform their underwriting and claims management activities. Insurers may also apply data and
machine  learning  to  automate  certain  tasks  whenever  possible,  thereby  enabling  efficiencies,  such  as  straight-through  processing,  that  lessen  the
burden on subject matter experts.

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Innovation.  Insurers  are  under  pressure  to  innovate  across  their  product  lifecycle  in  order  to  grow  their  business  and  improve  service  quality.
Examples of focus areas include creating services and products to target under-insured risks such as cyber, supply chain disruption, and reputational
risk and partnering with insurtech providers to streamline operations and improve service to policyholders and agents.

Legacy  System  Modernization.  A  significant  portion  of  the  market  continues  to  rely  on  legacy  systems.  We  believe  new  claims,  policy
management, and billing systems will continue to be adopted as insurers that rely on legacy systems seek to gain operating efficiencies, expand into
new markets and lines of business, and introduce new digital and data offerings.

Products

Guidewire  is  designed  to  be  the  platform  insurers  trust  in  order  to  engage,  innovate,  and  grow  efficiently.  Our  platform  combines  core  operations,
digital engagement, analytics, and AI applications, so that insurers can increase revenue, reduce operational costs and losses, improve pricing, and engage
with  a  customer  base  that  increasingly  demands  mobile  and  automated  forms  of  self-service  and  communication.  We  are  investing  in  research  and
development to accelerate improvements in our cloud platform services, products, and marketplace to better serve our customers.

Core Operational Services and Products

We offer the following core operational services and products: Guidewire InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud, Guidewire InsuranceNow, and

Guidewire InsuranceSuite for Self-Managed.

Guidewire InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud

Guidewire InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud is comprised of three primary applications (PolicyCenter, BillingCenter, and ClaimCenter) optimized
for our GWCP architecture. We offer several complementary applications designed to work seamlessly with these primary applications. InsuranceSuite via
Guidewire Cloud is managed by our internal cloud operations team.

Guidewire PolicyCenter is our flexible underwriting and policy administration application that serves as a comprehensive system-of-record supporting
the  entire  policy  lifecycle,  including  product  definition,  underwriting,  quoting,  binding,  issuance,  endorsements,  audits,  cancellations,  and  renewals.
Guidewire BillingCenter automates the billing lifecycle, enables the design of a wide variety of billing and payment plans, manages agent commissions, and
integrates  with  external  payment  systems.  Guidewire  ClaimCenter  is  a  complete  end-to-end  claims  management  solution  that  offers  core  claims
functionality. These primary applications also include predictive analytics that drive smart decisions, digital engagement, and an ecosystem of partners and
insurtechs.

GWCP is a Guidewire-developed architecture layer built on top of Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) that provides specialized cloud services, including
multi-tenant  cloud-native  services  that  integrate  digital  experiences  and  analytics,  for  enterprise  applications.  The  Guidewire  Data  Platform  is  a  P&C
insurance-specific data repository, built on GWCP, which collects data from internal and external sources to provide analytical insights across the insurance
lifecycle for our customers. The Guidewire Data Platform powers all analytical applications. Additionally, we provide tools to automate routine tasks and
make  tasks  self-service  to  increase  our  customers’  agility  while  providing  enterprise-grade  performance,  availability,  privacy,  and  security.  Given  the
specialized needs of the P&C insurance industry, we have developed a scalable cloud architecture that enables isolating each customer’s system of record
and  database  instances.  This  approach  provides  our  customers  with  the  benefits  of  cloud-native  infrastructure  and  services  and  the  flexibility  to  provide
differentiated services to their customers.

Subscriptions to cloud services include regular updates to Guidewire software to ensure that Guidewire Cloud customers can easily access our latest
innovations. New capabilities are often toggled-off so that customers can activate them at the right time for their businesses. This enables our customers to
deliver improvements at a steady pace, optimized for their employees and customers.

Our subscriptions include Guidewire Cloud Assurance Services, which provides for review of all configurations and integrations to ensure they follow

published standards, best practices and required security methodologies. Furthermore, our internal cloud operations team monitors application performance
and optimizes user adoption and experience.

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Guidewire InsuranceNow

Guidewire  InsuranceNow  is  a  complete,  cloud-based  platform  for  P&C  insurers  in  the  United  States  with  limited  technology  resources,  that  offers

policy, billing, and claims management functionality to insurers that increases agility without adding complexity.

Guidewire InsuranceSuite for Self-Managed

Guidewire  InsuranceSuite  for  Self-Managed  is  comprised  of  three  primary  applications  (PolicyCenter,  BillingCenter,  and  ClaimCenter)  that  can  be
licensed separately or together and can be deployed and updated by our customers and their implementation partners on their premises or in a third-party
cloud infrastructure.

Guidewire InsuranceSuite: Complementary Applications

We offer several complementary applications designed to work seamlessly with our core operational services and products, including:

Guidewire Rating Management

Guidewire Rating Management enables P&C insurers to manage the pricing of their insurance services and products.

Guidewire Reinsurance Management

Guidewire Reinsurance Management enables P&C insurers to use rules-based logic to execute their reinsurance strategy through their underwriting

and claims processes.

Guidewire Client Data Management

Guidewire Client Data Management helps P&C insurers capitalize on customer information more coherently, overcoming traditional siloed practices

that impair efficiency and customer service.

Guidewire Product Content Management

Guidewire Product Content Management provides software tools and standards-based, line-of-business templates to enable insurers to more rapidly
introduce and modify services and products by reducing product configuration and maintenance efforts. Any such product introduction or modification must
connect  to  and  incorporate  regulatory  or  industry-standard  data  and  content,  such  as  Insurance  Services  Office  (“ISO”)  or  National  Council  on
Compensation Insurance (“NCCI”) content.

Guidewire Underwriting Management

Guidewire Underwriting Management is a cloud-based, integrated business application designed for commercial and specialty line insurers to drive
premium growth and profit from better underwriting. This feature-rich workstation delivers straight-through processing, exception-based underwriting, real-
time  collaboration,  and  knowledge  management  in  one  integrated  solution.  Guidewire  Underwriting  Management  is  typically  sold  alongside  Guidewire
PolicyCenter, although it functions with other policy administration systems as well.

Guidewire AppReader

Guidewire  AppReader  is  a  submission  intake  management  solution  that  enables  P&C  insurers  to  process  Association  for  Cooperative  Operations
Research  and  Development  (“ACORD”)  forms  faster  and  more  accurately  than  with  manual  processes  or  traditional  upload  solutions.  AppReader  is
available for both Guidewire Underwriting Management and Guidewire PolicyCenter.

Guidewire ClaimCenter Package for the London Market

Guidewire ClaimCenter Package for the London Market supports the claims workflow used by London Market insurers and brokers. Integration of
London Market Electronic Claims File (“ECF”) Write-Back lets insurers perform tasks and interact with the central industry market Claims Loss and Advice
Settlement system directly from Guidewire ClaimCenter through message queues.

Digital Engagement

Guidewire Digital Engagement Applications

Our Digital Engagement Applications enable insurers to provide digital experiences to customers, agents, vendors, and field personnel through their
device of choice. As consumers increasingly use self-service functions on the internet and on mobile devices, we believe that many of them prefer to interact
with their insurance providers digitally and that they expect to have a consistent and efficient transactional experience through multiple channels, whether
online, in-person or by phone. Our Digital Engagement Applications also benefit agents and brokers who are seeking to automate business processes with
insurers

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to improve customer service and productivity. In order to provide a holistic experience, Digital Applications are unified with InsuranceSuite.

Guidewire for Salesforce

Guidewire  for  Salesforce  integrates  Guidewire  core  systems  with  Salesforce  for  insurance  carrier  agents  and  service  representatives.  It  provides

customer information regarding their policies and claims.

Analytics and Artificial Intelligence

We offer a variety of applications that allow insurers to uncover hidden opportunities and write more profitable business by enabling a seamless path

from data to value.

Guidewire Predictive Analytics

Guidewire Predictive Analytics is a set of cloud-native applications that allow insurers to deliver better business outcomes throughout the insurance
lifecycle. By building (or importing) predictive models built from multiple data sets, designing comprehensive solutions, and operationalizing the predictive
insights, Predictive Analytics enables a smart core platform. Applications include Predictive Analytics for Claims and Predictive Analytics for Profitability.

Guidewire Risk Insights

Guidewire  Risk  Insights  is  a  set  of  cloud-native  applications  that  allows  insurers  to  assess  new  and  evolving  risks.  Through  a  process  called  “data
listening”, Guidewire Risk Insights collects technical and behavioral data from a variety of sources (including public, open-source, proprietary, and third
party)  to  quantify  risk  losses  and  probabilities.  Applications  include  Cyence  for  Cyber  Risk  Management,  Cyence  for  Small  Business,  and  Cyence  for
Personal Cyber.

Guidewire Business Intelligence

Guidewire Business Intelligence is a set of cloud-native applications that allows insurers to measure business performance consistently and accurately.
It enables claims, underwriting, sales, and service teams to collaborate and make informed decisions. It also provides P&C insurance industry context around
performance measures with comparable peer-insurer benchmarks. Applications include Explore and Compare.

Guidewire DataHub and InfoCenter

Guidewire  DataHub  is  an  operational  data  store  that  unifies,  standardizes,  and  stores  data  from  the  patchwork  of  insurer’s  systems  as  well  as  from
external sources. It is available for self-managed and InsuranceSuite cloud customers. Guidewire DataHub also enables insurers to accelerate legacy system
replacement.

Guidewire InfoCenter is a business intelligence warehouse for P&C insurers that provides information in easy-to-use formats for business intelligence,
analysis,  and  enhanced  decision  making.  With  Guidewire  InfoCenter,  insurers  gain  flexible  operational  insights  as  well  as  the  ability  to  optimize  their
business.

Guidewire Marketplace

The Guidewire Marketplace is where insurers find trusted applications and content that complement the Guidewire platform from our PartnerConnect

partners, as well as from Guidewire product and services teams. These applications and content help insurers to rapidly innovate and differentiate their
businesses by allowing them to build out an ecosystem that best meets their needs. As of July 31, 2021, the Guidewire Marketplace had over 190 partner-
developed integrations and hundreds of Guidewire-developed resources available for download.

Technology

Our platform is designed to assist P&C insurers to grow their business, improve customer and agent engagement, lower operating costs, and improve
decision making. We have increased the scope of our platform and business through internal development and acquisitions. This growing scope has required
greater  investment  in  the  development  of  application  interfaces  and  shared  services  necessary  to  unify  the  operations  and  user  experience  across  our
applications.  To  meet  the  anticipated  increased  demand  for  cloud-delivered  solutions,  we  have  increased  investments  to  leverage  the  growing  number  of
technology services provided by Amazon through AWS. The shift to cloud-delivered solutions has also required significant focus in improving our ability to
manage,  secure,  and  operate  our  applications  since  our  cloud-based  deployments,  unlike  our  self-managed  implementations,  shift  many  operational
responsibilities to us. Finally, we continue to improve the scalability of our service, which performs millions of complex, business-critical transactions daily.
The accuracy and availability of our services must be maintained not only during normal business operations, but also during extraordinary events such as
catastrophes, which may result in extremely high transaction volume in a short period of time.

Services

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We  provide  implementation,  cloud  migration,  and  integration  services  to  help  our  customers  realize  the  benefits  of  our  cloud-based  services  and
software products. Our delivery services teams assist customers in building implementation or migration plans, integrating our software with their existing
systems, and defining business rules and specific requirements unique to each customer. We also partner with leading SI consulting firms, certified on our
software, to achieve scalable, cost-effective implementations for our customers.

Employees and Human Capital Resources

Our business requires attracting, developing, and retaining a motivated team of individuals who thrive in a culture based on integrity, rationality, and
collegiality that embraces diversity, inclusion, and belonging. Understanding and proactively anticipating the priorities and needs of our current and future
employees is important to realizing our mission to be the platform P&C insurers trust to engage, innovate, and grow efficiently.

As of July 31, 2021, we had 2,942 employees, including 1,453 in global product development and operations (comprised of research and development,
cloud operations, and technical support), 657 in professional services, 426 in sales and marketing, and 406 in general and administrative roles. As of July 31,
2021, we had 1,860 employees in the United States and 1,082 employees internationally.

Attracting, Developing, and Retaining Employees

Our  recruiting,  development,  and  retention  objectives  focus  on  attracting  skilled  and  engaged  employees  who  contribute  the  talent  and  diverse
perspectives critical to our innovative, forward-looking, and inclusive workforce. Our recruiting process actively sources diverse talent and is designed to
reduce  bias,  supporting  our  ability  to  hire  candidates  with  professional  qualifications,  personal  potential,  and  differing  perspectives.  Our  flexible  work
policies  expand  our  ability  to  hire  and  retain  talent  in  geographies  where  we  do  not  have  physical  offices.  Fostering  career  progression  by  encouraging
regular professional education empowers our employees to pursue their professional goals, which is critical to developing and retaining our employees. We
invest  in  broad-based  development  for  all  of  our  employees  in  various  ways  such  as  skills-building  programs,  on-demand  learning  options,  mentoring
programs,  and  leadership  development  courses.  In  an  effort  to  create  more  development  opportunities  for  all  employees,  we  are  currently  expanding  our
intern, mentoring, and leadership development programs. We gauge progress and efficacy, identify opportunities for change, and pursue solutions through
tracking  and  analyzing  data  from  various  sources  such  as  annual  talent  reviews  and  our  progress  toward  hiring/promotion  goals  in  our  development,
diversity and inclusion plans.

Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging

We believe that understanding and respecting another’s perspective, experience, background, and beliefs provides an opportunity to expand horizons,
challenge complacency, and foster empathy. Diversity of perspective, experience, background, and beliefs fuel our innovative, collaborative, and engaged
workplace. Realizing greater ethnic, racial, and gender diversity across all levels of our organization is, and will continue to be, an ongoing journey. We aim
for the highest standards of fairness and equal opportunity in recruitment, hiring, promotions, job assignments, and compensation. Some of our initiatives to
create greater diversity and belonging among our employees include inclusive recruiting and outreach programs for diverse candidates, employee resource
groups, and management-led listening circles.

Positive Corporate Culture

Our  employees  are  critical  to  our  success,  and  we  believe  creating  a  positive,  inclusive  culture  is  essential  to  attracting  and  retaining  engaged
employees.  Our  values  of  integrity,  rationality,  and  collegiality  are  the  foundation  of  how  we  work  with  one  another.  We  incorporate  a  wide  variety  of
communication and training activities to encourage collaboration amongst our colleagues around the world. We measure the program’s efficacy and identify
opportunities for improvements through an engagement survey distributed approximately every two years, with the last survey completed in April 2021.

Health and Wellness
We believe a healthy, engaged, and high-performing workforce is part of our competitive advantage. We want all of our employees to thrive, and we
regularly  re-evaluate  how  to  best  support  our  employees’  wellness,  health,  and  safety  through  benefits  and  resources.  Our  current  benefit  and  wellness
programs drive engagement that positively impacts our culture, job satisfaction, recruiting, and retention programs. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic,
we  expanded  our  physical,  mental,  and  family  health  programs  and  informational  outreach  through  professional  development  opportunities  and  personal
empowerment,  safe  and  healthy  workspaces,  wellness  initiatives  (including  physical,  emotional,  and  mental  health),  fair  compensation,  benefits,  and
recognition. Additionally, we have announced our intention to transition to a hybrid work environment in which a significant portion of our workforce will
work either in-person on a part-time basis or remotely on a permanent basis.

Labor Relations

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Our  employees  in  the  United  States  are  not  represented  by  a  labor  union;  however,  in  certain  foreign  locations,  there  are  workers’  councils  that
represent our employees. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good. We recognize the
critical role that our supervisors and managers play in fostering a productive, inclusive and respectful work environment, and we encourage employees to
work  directly  with  their  supervisors,  where  possible,  to  efficiently  and  effectively  resolve  workplace  concerns.  We  also  respect  our  employees’  rights  to
voluntarily  establish  and  join  unions  and  similar  associations  without  unlawful  interference.  We  strive  to  work  collaboratively  with  the  councils  and
associations that represent our workers.

Customers

We market and sell our services and products to a wide variety of global P&C insurers ranging from some of the largest global insurers to national and
regional companies. We believe strong customer relationships are a key driver of our success given the long-term nature of our customer engagements and
importance of customer references for new sales. We focus on developing and maintaining our customer relationships through customer service and account
management.  Customers  are  defined  as  entities  that  have  placed  orders  for  our  services  or  products.  In  some  instances,  a  parent  corporation  can  have
multiple entities, or insurance brands, that place orders for our services or products. As of July 31, 2021, we had more than 350 customers representing more
than 450 insurance brands, also referred to as insurers, using one or more of our services or products in 34 countries.

Strategic Relationships

We  have  extensive  relationships  with  SI,  consulting,  technology,  and  industry  partners.  Our  network  of  partners  has  expanded  as  interest  in  and
adoption of our platform has grown. We encourage our partners to co-market, pursue joint sales initiatives, and drive broader adoption of our technology,
helping us grow our business more efficiently and enabling us to focus our resources on continued innovation and further enhancement of our solutions.

We work closely with our network of third-party SI partners to facilitate new sales and implementations of both our subscription services and self-
managed products. Our partnerships with leading SI partners allow us to increase efficiency and scale while reducing customer implementation costs. We
continue to invest time and resources to increase the number of qualified consultants employed by our SI partners, develop relationships with new partners in
existing and new markets, and ensure that all SI partners are qualified to assist with implementing our services and products. We believe this model will
continue to serve us well, and we intend to continue to expand our network of partners and the number of certified consultants with whom we work so we
can leverage our SI partners more effectively, especially for future subscription implementations.

As part of our PartnerConnect alliance program, we have a community of Solution Partners developing integrations that enable software and insurance
business  solutions  to  interoperate  with  our  services  and  products.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  more  than  190  of  these  partner-developed  integrations  have  been
validated by us and awarded Ready for Guidewire branding. The Guidewire Marketplace provides our customers with an online forum to learn about and
download Ready for Guidewire integrations for use with our services and products. These integrations help customers reduce implementation risk and effort,
and lower the total cost of implementation and operation. The Guidewire Marketplace also empowers customers pursuing innovation initiatives by providing
access to a curated collection of insurtech applications. We anticipate expanding the reach of the Guidewire Marketplace.

Sales and Marketing

Consistent with our industry focus and the mission-critical needs our services and products address, our sales and marketing efforts are tailored to
communicate effectively to senior executives within the P&C insurance industry. Our sales, marketing, and executive teams work together to cultivate long-
term relationships with current and prospective customers in each of the geographies in which we are active.

Our direct sales team serves as both our exclusive sales channel and our account management function and is organized by geographic region across
the  Americas,  EMEA,  and  APAC.  We  augment  our  sales  professionals  with  a  pre-sales  team  possessing  insurance  domain  and  technical  expertise,  who
engage customers to understand their specific business needs and then represent our services and products through demonstrations tailored to address those
needs.

Our  marketing  team  supports  sales  with  competitive  analysis  and  sales  tools,  while  investing  to  strengthen  our  brand  name  and  reputation.  We
participate at industry conferences, are published frequently in the industry press, and have active relationships with all of the major industry analysts. We
also host Connections, our annual user conference where customers both participate in and deliver in-person and virtual presentations on a wide range of
Guidewire and insurance technology topics. We invite potential customers and partners to our user conference, as we believe customer references are a key
component  of  driving  new  sales.  Our  strong  relationships  with  leading  system  integrators  enhance  our  direct  sales  through  co-marketing  efforts  and  by
providing additional market validation of the distinctiveness and quality of our offerings.

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Research and Development

Our research and development efforts focus on enhancing our platform, services, and products to meet the complex requirements of P&C insurers with
a focus on capabilities, operational efficiency, data analytics, security, and privacy in the cloud. These efforts are intended to help our customers improve
their operations; drive greater digital engagement with their customers, agents, and brokers; and gather, store and analyze data to improve business decisions.
We  also  invest  significantly  in  developing  our  services  and  products  and  necessary  integrations  to  meet  the  market  requirements,  including  regulations,
language,  currency,  and  local  terminology,  of  each  country  or  state  in  which  our  customers  operate.  This  market-segment  specific  functionality  must  be
updated  regularly  in  order  to  stay  current  with  regulatory  changes  in  each  market.  We  rely  on  a  multi-national  engineering  team,  which  has  grown
organically and through acquisitions.

Competition

The  software  market  that  caters  to  the  P&C  insurance  industry  is  highly  competitive  and  fragmented.  Increased  spending  by  insurers  on  software
solutions  and  the  emergence  of  new  platforms  that  have  broadened  from  core  system  modernization  to  new  digital  engagement  and  data  and  analytics
solutions have generated significant interest among investors and entrepreneurs. Increased capital allows market participants, or potential market participants
such as insurtech companies, to adopt more aggressive go-to-market strategies, improve existing services or products, introduce new services or products,
develop innovative solutions that disrupt the market, and consolidate with other vendors. This market is also subject to changing technology preferences,
shifting customer needs, and the adoption of cloud deployed solutions. These factors create an environment of increasing competition. Our current and future
competitors vary in size and in the breadth and scope of the services or products they offer. As we expand our product portfolio, we may begin to compete
with software and service providers we have not traditionally competed against. Our current competitors include, but are not limited to, customers’ internally
developed proprietary solutions; P&C insurance software vendors such as Duck Creek, EIS Group, Insurity, Majesco, Prima Solutions, RGI, and Sapiens;
and horizontal software vendors such as SAP and Salesforce, which acquired Vlocity in 2020.

Competitive factors in our industry depend on the product being offered and the size, geographic market, and line of business of potential customers.
The  principal  competitive  factors  include  product  functionality,  performance,  customer  references,  total  cost  of  ownership,  solution  completeness,
implementation track record, security and in-depth knowledge of the P&C insurance industry. We typically compete favorably on the basis of these factors in
most geographies.

Intellectual Property

The software industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patent and
other intellectual property rights. Our success and ability to compete depend in part upon our ability to protect our proprietary technology, to establish and
adequately protect our intellectual property rights, and to protect against third-party claims and litigation related to intellectual property. To accomplish these
objectives, we rely on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret laws in the United States and other jurisdictions, as well as license
agreements and other contractual protections. We own or have pending patents and patent applications, which generally apply to our software. Our owned
patents  have  expiration  dates  starting  in  2025.  We  also  rely  on  several  registered  and  unregistered  trademarks,  as  well  as  pending  applications  for  such
registrations, in order to protect our brand both in the United States and internationally.

Our investments in services and partners are designed to ensure customer success by committing additional resources to both cloud-based and self-
managed  implementation  projects.  Our  investments  in  cloud  operations  are  focused  on  managing  the  infrastructure  for  our  cloud-based  customers  in  a
secure, efficient, and cost-effective manner.

Information about Segment and Geographic Revenue

Information  about  geographic  revenue  is  set  forth  in  Note  2  and  information  about  segment  reporting  is  set  forth  in  Note  12  of  the  Notes  to

Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Seasonality

    We have experienced seasonal variations in our license revenue and, to a lesser extent, in our subscription revenue as a result of increased customer orders
in our fourth fiscal quarter. We generally see significantly increased orders in our fourth fiscal quarter, which is the quarter ending July 31, due to efforts by
our sales team to achieve annual incentives. Because we recognize revenue upfront for new term licenses and multi-year renewals compared to over time for
subscription services, changes in the mix between term license and subscription services may impact our quarterly results. Additionally, any quarter in which
a significant multi-year term license or multi-year term license renewal or non-renewal occurs could be impacted. For

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example, in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021, we experienced license revenue growth due to a five-year term license renewal under which revenue was
recognized upfront, which overshadowed the comparison with our second fiscal quarter of 2021 and may create a challenging comparable period for the first
quarter of fiscal year 2022. Additionally, as subscriptions increase as a percentage of total sales, the revenue we can recognize in the initial fiscal year of an
order will be reduced, deferred revenue will increase, and our reported revenue growth will be adversely affected in the near term due to the ratable nature of
these  arrangements.  The  concentration  of  our  sales  in  our  fiscal  fourth  quarter  increases  this  impact  as  the  revenue  impact  of  most  fiscal  fourth  quarter
subscription sales will not be realized until the following fiscal year.

Our services revenue is also subject to seasonal fluctuations, though to a lesser degree than our license revenue and subscription revenue. Our services
revenue is impacted by the number of billable days in a given fiscal quarter. The fiscal quarter ending January 31 usually has fewer billable days due to the
impact of the Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s holidays. The fiscal quarter ending July 31 usually has fewer billable days due to the impact of
vacations taken by our services professionals. Because we pay our services professionals the same amount throughout the year, our gross margins on our
services revenue are usually lower in these quarters. This seasonal pattern, however, may be absent in any given year.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

The following filings are available to view and download free of charge on our investor relations website as soon as reasonably practicable after we
file them with the SEC: Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and our Proxy Statement for our
annual meeting of stockholders. Our website is located at www.guidewire.com, and our investor relations website is located at http://ir.guidewire.com/. We
also provide a link to the section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov that has all of our public filings, including periodic reports, proxy statements, and
other information.

We provide access to a recording of our earnings calls and certain events we participate in or host with members of the investment community on our
investor  relations  website.  Additionally,  we  provide  notifications  of  news  or  announcements  regarding  our  financial  performance,  including  SEC  filings,
investor  events,  press,  and  earnings  releases  as  part  of  our  investor  relations  website.  Investors  and  others  can  receive  notifications  of  new  information
posted  on  our  investor  relations  website  in  real  time  by  signing  up  for  email  alerts  and  RSS  feeds.  Corporate  governance  information,  including  our
governance  guidelines  and  code  of  business  conduct  and  ethics,  is  also  available  on  our  investor  relations  website  under  the  heading  “Corporate
Governance.” The contents of our websites are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K or in any other report or
document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

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Item 1A.

Risk Factors

A description of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business is set forth below. You should carefully consider such risks and uncertainties,
together with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in our other public filings. If any of such risks and uncertainties
actually  occurs,  our  business,  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations  could  differ  materially  from  the  plans,  projections  and  other  forward-looking
statements included in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  and  in  our  other  public  filings.  In  addition,  if  any  of  the  following  risks  and  uncertainties,  or  if  any  other  risks  and
uncertainties, actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed substantially, which could cause the market price
of our stock to decline, perhaps significantly.

Risks Related to our Business and Industry
The global COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our business, results of operations, and financial

condition.

The  COVID-19  pandemic  and  related  adverse  public  health  developments,  including  orders  to  shelter-in-place,  have  adversely  affected  and  are
continuing to adversely affect workforces, organizations, economies, and financial markets globally, leading to economic downturns and increased market
volatility.  Our  business  and  financial  results  during  fiscal  year  2021,  including  our  ARR  growth  rates,  services  revenue,  and  margins,  were  adversely
impacted due to the disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic, as well as measures undertaken to contain the spread of COVID-19,
have affected and could further affect our ability to travel to customers and prospects, resulting in delays in services delivery, delays in implementations, and
interruptions or modifications in our sales and marketing activities, including Connections, our annual user conference, which has adversely affected, and
may continue to adversely affect, our business, results of operations, and financial condition, particularly if there are periods of increases in the number of
COVID-19  cases  or  future  variants  of  the  virus  in  areas  in  which  we  operate.  The  pandemic  has  also  disrupted  the  normal  operations  of  our  customers’
businesses and our SI partners’ businesses. The related impacts of the pandemic on the global economy could decrease or delay technology spending and
adversely affect demand for our products. Further, our sales and implementation cycles have increased and could continue to increase, which has resulted in
and could result in contract terms more favorable to customers and a potentially longer delay between incurring operating expenses and the generation of
corresponding  revenue,  if  any,  or  in  difficulty  accurately  forecasting  our  financial  results.  Additionally,  our  customers  may  be  unable  to  pay  outstanding
invoices or may request amended payment terms due to the economic impacts from COVID-19. As a result of these containment measures and the related
economic impact to our business, we may be required to record impairment related to our operating lease assets, investments, long-lived assets, or goodwill.
We may experience further operational challenges, including increased costs, as a portion of our workforce returns to working in person and gradually shifts
to assisting customers in person. Despite the increased availability of vaccines, due to the continuing and evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and
the potential for periods of increases in case numbers and emergence and spread of virus variants in markets and communities in which we, our customers,
and our SI partners operate, it is not possible for us to accurately predict the duration or magnitude of the adverse impacts of the pandemic and its effects on
our  business,  results  of  operations,  or  financial  condition.  Further,  to  the  extent  the  COVID-19  pandemic  adversely  affects  our  business,  results  of
operations, or financial condition, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

We are in the process of transitioning to a hybrid in-person and remote workforce, which will subject us to certain operational challenges and risks

and potential harm to our business.

In  response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  our  workforce  shifted  from  in-person  to  remote  work.  We  have  announced  our  intention  to  transition  to  a
hybrid work environment in which a significant portion of our workforce will work either in-person on a part-time basis or remotely on a permanent basis.
As a result, we expect to continue to be subject to the challenges and risks of having a remote workforce, as well as new challenges and risks from operating
with  a  hybrid  workforce.  For  example,  certain  security  systems  in  homes  or  other  remote  workplaces  may  be  less  secure  than  those  used  in  our  offices,
which  may  subject  us  to  increased  security  risks,  including  cybersecurity-related  events,  and  expose  us  to  risks  of  data  or  financial  loss  and  associated
disruptions to our business operations. Members of our workforce who access company data and systems remotely may not have access to technology that is
as robust as that in our offices, which could cause the networks, information systems, applications and other tools available to those remote workers to be
more limited or less reliable than in our offices. We may also be exposed to risks associated with the locations of remote workers, including compliance with
local laws and regulations or exposure to compromised internet infrastructure. Allowing members of our workforce to work remotely may create intellectual
property risk if employees create intellectual property on our behalf while residing in a jurisdiction with unenforced

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or  uncertain  intellectual  property  laws.  Further,  if  employees  fail  to  inform  us  of  changes  in  their  work  location,  we  may  be  exposed  to  additional  risks
without  our  knowledge.  The  transition  to  hybrid  in-person  as  well  as  remote  working  may  also  subject  us  to  other  operational  challenges  and  risks.  For
example,  our  shift  to  hybrid  working  may  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  recruit  and  retain  personnel  who  prefer  a  fully  remote  or  fully  in-person  work
environment. Operating our business with both remote and in-person workers, or workers who work in flexible locations and on flexible schedules, could
have a negative impact on our corporate culture, decrease the ability of our workforce to collaborate and communicate effectively, decrease innovation and
productivity,  or  negatively  affect  workforce  morale.  In  addition,  we  expect  to  incur  costs  related  to  the  transition  to  a  hybrid  workforce  to,  among  other
things, facilitate permanent remote work for a portion of our workforce and update our offices to offer more collaborative workspaces. If we are unable to
effectively transition to a hybrid workforce, manage the cybersecurity and other risks of remote work, and maintain our corporate culture and workforce
morale, our business could be harmed or otherwise negatively impacted.

We may experience significant quarterly and annual fluctuations in our results of operations due to a number of factors.

Our quarterly and annual results of operations may fluctuate significantly due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. This
variability may lead to volatility in our stock price as investors and research analysts respond to quarterly fluctuations. In addition, comparing our results of
operations on a period-to-period basis, particularly on a sequential quarterly basis, may not be meaningful. You should not rely on our past results as an
indication of our future performance.

Factors that may affect our results of operations include:

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the impact of economic downturns and related market volatility caused by the COVID-19 pandemic or other national and worldwide events on
our business and the businesses of our customers, partners and vendors;

our ability to attract new domestic and international customers and renew existing customers;
seasonal buying patterns of our potential customers and our ability to sell additional software and services to existing customers;
the  proportion  and  timing  of  subscription  sales  as  opposed  to  term  or  perpetual  software  licenses,  and  the  variations  in  revenue  recognition
between these contract types;
changes in contract durations of term software licenses and renewals;
increases in costs related to cloud operations, product development, and services;
our  ability  to  develop  and  achieve  market  adoption  of  cloud-based  services,  including  the  impact  of  our  customers  transitioning  from  term
software licenses to subscription services;
erosion  in  services  margins  or  significant  fluctuations  in  services  revenue  caused  by  changing  customer  demand,  negotiated  professional
services billing rates, or fixed fee contracts;
our ability to enter into contracts on favorable terms, including terms related to price, payment timing, service levels, acceptance, and product
delivery, especially with customers and prospects that possess substantial negotiating leverage and procurement expertise;
the  incurrence  of  penalties  for  failing  to  meet  certain  contractual  obligations,  including  service  levels,  product  development  cycles  and
functionality, and implementation times and objectives;
future accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting rules and our related accounting policies, interpretations, and controls;
our ability to realize expected benefits from our acquisitions and other strategic business transactions;
reductions in our customers’ budgets for information technology purchases and delays in their purchasing decisions;
employee retention and the timing of hiring personnel and employee related expenses;
the impact of a recession or any other adverse global economic condition on our business, including pandemics, trade tariffs, trade agreements,
and other uncertainties that may cause a delay in entering into or a failure to enter into significant customer agreements or the fulfillment of
professional service arrangements;
adverse litigation judgments, dispute-related settlement payments, or litigation-related costs;
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and
the effects of inflation or deflation in the economies in which we operate and its impact on our revenues given the multi-year term of most
customer agreements.

The foregoing factors are difficult to forecast, and these, as well as other factors, could materially adversely affect our quarterly and annual results of
operations. Further, due to multi-year term licenses and multi-year term license renewals, increased cloud-based subscription services, and other ongoing
changes to our business, it is challenging to forecast our quarterly and annual results.

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We believe our ability to adjust spending quickly enough to compensate for a potential revenue shortfall is very limited and our inability to do so could
magnify the adverse impact of a potential revenue shortfall on our results of operations. If we fail to achieve our quarterly forecasts, if our forecasts fall
below the expectations of investors or research analysts, or if our actual results fail to meet the expectations of investors or research analysts, our stock price
may decline.

Seasonal  sales  patterns  may  cause  significant  fluctuations  in  our  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  and  may  prevent  us  from  achieving  our

quarterly or annual forecasts, which may cause our stock price to decline.

We  generally  see  increased  new  orders  in  our  fourth  fiscal  quarter,  which  is  the  quarter  ended  July  31,  due  to  efforts  by  our  sales  team  to  achieve
annual incentives. As a result, a significantly higher percentage of our annual license revenue has historically been recognized in our fourth fiscal quarter.
Since  a  substantial  majority  of  our  license  revenue  has  annual  renewals  after  the  initial  term  of  the  contract,  we  expect  to  continue  to  experience  this
seasonality effect in subsequent years. Generally, accounting under ASC 606 has and may continue to heighten or change the seasonal impact due to license
revenue for the entire committed term of our new term licenses and multi-year term license renewals being recognized at the beginning of the agreement.
Because  of  the  upfront  nature  of  revenue  recognition  for  new  multi-year  term  licenses  and  multi-year  term  license  renewals,  any  quarter  in  which  a
significant agreement of this nature is signed, renewed, cancelled or not renewed when scheduled to do so may be impacted.

We  currently  anticipate  that  sales  of,  and  revenue  from,  subscription  services  will  continue  to  increase  in  the  future.  Subscriptions  are  recognized
ratably over the term of the agreement after provisioning of the service. Over time, this may reduce the impact of our historic revenue seasonality, but in the
near  term  the  introduction  of  proportionally  more  subscription  services  into  our  revenue  stream,  together  with  their  delayed  and  ratable  recognition,  will
likely impact quarter over quarter and year-over-year revenue growth comparisons. Cash flow expectations and comparisons could also be impacted because
of the ramped nature of the annual installments of these multi-year subscription services arrangements. Additionally, ARR, which reflects the annualized
recurring value of active customer contracts at the end of a reporting period, will be impacted by the seasonality of new sales orders, even if the revenue is
recognized ratably.

Our quarterly growth in revenue or ARR also may not coincide with new orders or cash flows in a given quarter, which could mask the impact of

seasonal variations. This mismatch is primarily due to the following reasons:

•

•

•

•

•

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our subscription arrangements are recognized ratably and only a portion of the revenue from an order is recognized in the same fiscal period of
the order;
subscription  arrangements  generally  have  ramped  invoicing  schedules  over  the  initial  term,  which  affects  ARR,  but  revenue  is  recognized
ratably over the initial term;
our  term  license  agreements  and  multi-year  term  license  renewals  generally  have  annual  billing  arrangements  even  though  revenue  is
recognized upfront for the entire committed term;
as  customers  enter  into  a  subscription  agreement  to  migrate  from  an  existing  term  license  agreement  or  as  we  invest  in  certain  cloud
implementations to assist our customers with their migration to our cloud services, the timing of revenue recognition may be impacted by the
allocation of revenue between different performance obligations;
we  may  enter  into  license  agreements  with  future  product  delivery  requirements,  specified  terms  for  product  upgrades  or  functionality,
acceptance terms, or unconditional return rights, which may require us to delay revenue recognition for a period of time; and
revenue recognition may not occur in the period when the order is placed due to certain revenue recognition criteria not being met, such as
delivery of the software or providing access to the subscription services.

Additionally, seasonal patterns may be affected by the timing of particularly large transactions and the large number of renewals that occur in the first
fiscal quarter. For example, in the first fiscal quarter of 2021, we achieved higher revenue growth due to a five-year renewal of a single license agreement,
which resulted in the first fiscal quarter of 2021 lacking comparability to the prior year and creating a challenging comparable for the first fiscal quarter of
2022.

Seasonal and other variations may cause significant fluctuations in our revenues, ARR, results of operations and cash flows, may make it challenging
for an investor to predict our performance on a quarterly basis and may prevent us from achieving our quarterly or annual forecasts or meeting or exceeding
the expectations of research analysts or investors, which in turn may cause our stock price to decline.

If we fail to successfully manage our transition to a business model focused on delivering cloud-based offerings on a subscription basis or fail to

meet stipulated service levels with our subscription services, our results of operations could be harmed.

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To address demand trends in the P&C insurance industry, we now offer customers the use of our software products through a cloud-based offering sold
on  a  subscription  basis  in  addition  to  our  self-managed  offering.  This  change  to  our  business  model  requires  a  considerable  investment  of  technical,
operational, financial, legal, and sales resources. Our software and cloud services involve the storage and transmission of customer data, including in some
cases, personal data, and security breaches could result in the loss of this information, which in turn could result in litigation, breach of contract claims,
indemnity obligations, harm to our reputation, and other liabilities for us. Our transition to cloud offerings will continue to be the focus of existing resources,
require us to hire additional resources, and increase costs, especially in cost of subscription and support revenue and research and development, in any given
period. We may not be able to efficiently scale such investments to meet customer demand and expectations, which may impact our long-term growth and
results of operations. Further, the increase in some costs associated with our cloud services, such as the cost of third-party infrastructure in which we rely to
host our subscription services, may be difficult to predict over time, especially in light of our limited experience with the costs of delivering cloud-based
versions  of  our  applications.  Furthermore,  we  may  assume  greater  responsibilities  for  implementation  of  subscription  services  due  to  our  operating  and
maintaining the cloud environment for our customers. As a result, we may face risks associated with new and complex implementations, the cost of which
may differ from original estimates. Our subscription contracts also contain penalty clauses, for matters such as failing to meet stipulated service levels or
other contractual provisions, which represent new risks we are not accustomed to managing. Should these penalties be triggered, our results of operations
may be adversely affected. These penalties and costs could take the form of monetary credits for current or future service engagements, reduced fees for
additional services or products or upon renewal of existing agreements, and a customer’s refusal to pay its contractually-obligated subscription or service
fees.

Revenue under our cloud-based subscription model will generally be recognized ratably over the term of the contract. The transition to ratable revenue
recognition will result in lower revenue we otherwise would have recognized in the initial period of the customer agreement under term license agreements.
This effect on recognized revenue may be magnified in any fiscal year due to the concentration of our orders in the fourth fiscal quarter. A combination of
increased costs and delayed recognition of revenue would adversely impact our gross and operating margins compared to prior periods. Additionally, the
change in our business model and the timing of our customers’ decision to transition from self-managed licenses to cloud-based subscription services could
negatively affect our ability to forecast the timing and amount of our revenues in any period.

In  addition,  market  acceptance  of  our  cloud-based  offerings  may  be  affected  by  a  variety  of  factors,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  price,  security,
reliability, performance, customer preference, public concerns regarding privacy, and the enactment of restrictive laws or regulations. We are in the early
stages of re-architecting our existing services and products and developing new services and products in an effort to offer customers greater choices on how
they  utilize  our  software.  As  our  business  practices  in  this  area  develop  and  evolve  over  time,  we  may  be  required  to  revise  our  current  subscription
agreements, which may result in revised terms and conditions that impact how we recognize revenue and the costs and risks associated with these offerings.
Whether our product development efforts or business model transition will prove successful and accomplish our business objectives is subject to numerous
uncertainties and risks, including, but not limited to, customer demand, our ability to further develop, manage, and scale infrastructure, our ability to include
functionality and usability in such offerings that address customer requirements, tax and accounting implications, and our costs.

In addition, the metrics we and our investors use to gauge the status of our business model transition may evolve over the course of the transition as
significant trends emerge. It may be difficult, therefore, to accurately determine the impact of this transition on our business on a contemporaneous basis, or
to  clearly  communicate  the  appropriate  metrics  to  our  investors.  If  we  are  unable  to  successfully  establish  these  new  cloud  offerings  and  navigate  our
business model transition in light of the foregoing risks and uncertainties, our reputation could suffer and our results of operations could be harmed, which
may cause our stock price to decline.

We  have  relied  and  expect  to  continue  to  rely  on  orders  from  a  relatively  small  number  of  customers  in  the  P&C  insurance  industry  for  a
substantial portion of our revenue and ARR, and the loss of any of these customers would significantly harm our business, results of operations, and
financial condition.

Our  revenue  and  ARR  are  dependent  on  orders  from  customers  in  the  P&C  insurance  industry,  which  may  be  adversely  affected  by  worldwide
economic,  environmental,  public  health,  and  political  conditions.  A  relatively  small  number  of  customers  have  historically  accounted  for  a  significant
portion of our revenue. The composition of our individual top customers has and will vary from year to year. In fiscal year 2019, our ten largest customers
accounted for 31% of our revenue, in fiscal year 2020 they accounted for 27%, and in fiscal year 2021 they accounted for 28%. Additionally, our ten largest
customers based on ARR accounted for 27% of total ARR at July 31, 2021. Customers for these metrics are calculated at the parent corporation level, while
our total customer count is based on entities that have placed orders for our services or products. While we expect this reliance to decrease over time as our
revenue,  customer  base  and  subscription  services  as  a  percentage  of  revenue  grows,  we  expect  that  we  will  continue  to  depend  upon  a  relatively  small
number of customers for a significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. As a result, if we fail to successfully sell our services and products to
one or more of these anticipated customers in any particular period or fail to identify additional potential customers or such customers purchase fewer of our

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services or products, defer or cancel orders, fail to renew their license or subscription agreements or otherwise terminate or reduce their relationship with us,
our  business,  results  of  operations,  and  financial  condition  would  be  harmed.  Additionally,  if  one  or  more  of  these  anticipated  customers  enters  into  or
transitions to a subscription agreement in any particular period, or if we fail to achieve the required performance or acceptance criteria for one or more of
this relatively small number of customers, our quarterly and annual results of operations may fluctuate significantly.

Failure of any of our established services or products to satisfy customer demands or to maintain market acceptance could harm our business,

results of operations, financial condition, and growth prospects.

We  derive  a  significant  majority  of  our  revenue  and  cash  flows  from  our  established  product  offerings,  including  Guidewire  InsuranceSuite  via
Guidewire Cloud, Guidewire InsuranceNow, Guidewire InsuranceSuite for self-managed installations, and our digital and data services and products. We
expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our revenue from these sources. As such, continued market acceptance of these services and products is
critical to our growth and success. Demand for our services and products is affected by a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including
the successful implementation of our services and products, the timing of development and release of new products by us and our competitors, the cost and
effort to migrate from self-managed products to subscription services, the ease of integrating our software to third-party software and services, technological
advances that reduce the appeal of our services and products, changes in the regulations that our customers must comply with in the jurisdictions in which
they operate, and the growth or contraction in the worldwide market for technological solutions for the P&C insurance industry. If we are unable to continue
to meet customer demands, to achieve and maintain a technological advantage over competitors, or to maintain market acceptance of our services, products,
our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects may be adversely affected.

We face intense competition in our market, which could negatively impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition and cause

our market share to decline.

The market for our software and services is intensely competitive. The competitors we face in any sale opportunity may change depending on, among
other things, the line of business purchasing the software, the application or service being sold, the geography in which the customer is operating, and the
size of the insurance carrier to which we are selling. For example, we are more likely to face competition from small independent firms when addressing the
needs of small insurers. These competitors may compete on the basis of price, the time and cost required for implementation, custom development, or unique
product features or functions. Outside of the United States, we are more likely to compete against vendors that may differentiate themselves based on local
advantages  in  language,  market  knowledge,  and  pre-built  content  applicable  to  that  jurisdiction.  We  also  compete  with  vendors  of  horizontal  software
products that may be customized to address needs of the P&C insurance industry.

Additionally, many of our prospective customers operate firmly entrenched legacy systems, some of which have been in operation for decades. Our
implementation cycles may be lengthy, variable, and require the investment of significant time and expense by our customers. These expenses and associated
operating risks attendant on any significant process of re-engineering and technology implementation, may cause customers to prefer maintaining legacy
systems. Also, maintaining these legacy systems may be so time consuming and costly for our potential customers that they do not have adequate resources
to devote to the purchase and implementation of our services and products. We also compete against technology consulting firms that either helped create
such legacy systems or may own, in full or in part, subsidiaries that develop software and systems for the P&C insurance industry.

As we expand our product portfolio, we may begin to compete with software and service providers we have not competed against previously. Such

potential competitors offer data and analytics tools that may, in time, become more competitive with our offerings.

We expect the intensity of competition to remain high in the future, as the amount of capital invested in current and potential competitors, including
insurtech companies, has increased significantly in recent years. As a result, our competitors or potential competitors may develop improved product or sales
capabilities, or even a technology breakthrough that disrupts our market. Continuing intense competition could result in increased pricing pressure, increased
sales and marketing expenses, and greater investments in research and development, each of which could negatively impact our profitability. In addition, the
failure to increase, or the loss of, market share would harm our business, results of operations, financial condition, and/or future prospects. Our larger current
and potential competitors may be able to devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale of their services and products than we can devote
to ours, which could allow them to respond more quickly than we can to new technologies and changes in customer needs, thus leading to their wider market
acceptance.  We  may  not  be  able  to  compete  effectively  and  competitive  pressures  may  prevent  us  from  acquiring  and  maintaining  the  customer  base
necessary for us to increase our revenue and profitability.

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In addition, the insurance industry is evolving rapidly and we anticipate the market for cloud-based solutions will become increasingly competitive. If
our current and potential customers move a greater proportion of their data and computational needs to the cloud, new competitors may emerge that offer
services either comparable or better suited than ours to address the demand for such cloud-based solutions, which could reduce demand for our offerings. To
compete  effectively  we  will  likely  be  required  to  increase  our  investment  in  research  and  development,  as  well  as  the  personnel  and  third-party  services
required  to  improve  reliability  and  lower  the  cost  of  delivery  of  our  cloud-based  solutions.  New  competitors  are  able  to  develop  cloud-based  solutions
without  the  cost  of  maintaining  or  migrating  existing  solutions  and  satisfying  existing  customer  requirements,  which  may  allow  them  to  introduce  new
services  and  products  more  quickly  and  on  more  efficient  technologies  than  us.  This  may  increase  our  costs  more  than  we  anticipate  and  may  adversely
impact our results of operations.

Our  current  and  potential  competitors  may  also  establish  cooperative  relationships  among  themselves  or  with  third  parties  to  further  enhance  their
resources and offerings. Current or potential competitors may be acquired by other vendors or third parties with greater available resources. As a result of
such acquisitions, our current or potential competitors might be more able than we are to adapt quickly to new technologies and customer needs, to devote
greater  resources  to  the  promotion  or  sale  of  their  services  and  products,  to  initiate  or  withstand  substantial  price  competition,  or  to  take  advantage  of
emerging  opportunities  by  developing  and  expanding  their  product  and  service  offerings  more  quickly  than  we  can.  Additionally,  they  may  hold  larger
portfolios of patents and other intellectual property rights as a result of such relationships or acquisitions. If we are unable to compete effectively with these
evolving competitors for market share, our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

Our sales and implementation cycles are lengthy and variable, depend upon factors outside our control, and could cause us to expend significant

time and resources prior to generating revenue.

The  typical  sales  cycle  for  our  services  and  products  is  lengthy  and  unpredictable,  requires  pre-purchase  evaluation  by  a  significant  number  of
employees in our customers’ organizations, often involves a significant operational decision by our customers, and could be affected by factors outside of
our control. Our sales efforts involve educating our customers about the use and benefits of our services and products, including the technical capabilities of
our services and products and the potential cost savings achievable by organizations deploying our services and products. Customers typically undertake a
significant evaluation process, which frequently involves not only our services and products, but also those of our competitors. We spend substantial time,
effort, and money in our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will produce sales, and our customers have significant negotiating power during
the sales process which may result in a lengthy sales cycle and significant contractual complexity. Additionally, we may be unable to predict the size and
terms of the initial contract until very late in the sales cycle, which affects our ability to accurately forecast revenue and ARR. In addition, we sometimes
commit to include specific functions in our base service and product offering at the request of a customer or group of customers and are unable to recognize
revenue until the specific functions have been added to our services and products. Providing this additional functionality may be time consuming and may
involve factors that are outside of our control. Customers may also insist that we commit to certain time frames in which systems built around our services
and products will be operational or that once implemented our services and products will be able to meet certain operational requirements. Our ability to
meet such timeframes and requirements may involve factors that are outside of our control, and failure to meet such timeframes and requirements could
result  in  us  incurring  penalties  and  costs  and/or  making  additional  resource  commitments,  which  would  adversely  affect  our  business  and  results  of
operations.

The implementation and testing of our services and products by our customers typically lasts 6 to 24 months or longer and unexpected implementation
delays and difficulties can occur. Implementing our services and products typically involves integration with our customers’ and third parties’ systems, as
well as adding customer and third-party data to our platform. This process can be complex, time consuming, and expensive for our customers and can result
in delays in the implementation and deployment of our services and products. Failing to meet the expectations of our customers during the implementation
of our services and products could result in a loss of customers and negative publicity about us and our services and products. Such failure could result from
deficiencies in our product capabilities or inadequate service engagements by us, our SI partners, or our customers’ employees, the latter two of which are
beyond our direct control. The consequences of such failure could include, and have included, monetary credits for current or future service engagements,
reduced  fees  for  additional  services  or  products  sales  or  upon  renewals  of  existing  licenses  and  services,  potential  reversals  of  previously  recognized
revenue,  and  a  customer’s  refusal  to  pay  their  contractually-obligated  license,  support,  or  service  fees.  In  addition,  time-consuming  and  delayed
implementations may also increase the amount of services personnel we must allocate to the implementation for it to be successful, thereby increasing our
costs and adversely affecting our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Furthermore, our sales and implementation cycles could be interrupted or affected by other factors outside of our control. For example, the COVID-19
pandemic caused sales and implementation cycles to lengthen, along with other impacts on our business. We currently have restrictions on travel in place,
which are in accordance with recommendations by the U.S. government, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other equivalent agencies in
the locations in which we

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operate, and our customers, SI partners, and prospects have likewise enacted their own preventative policies and travel restrictions. Widespread restrictions
on travel and in-person meetings have affected and could continue to affect services delivery, delay implementations, and interrupt sales activity. We cannot
predict the duration or the extent of adverse impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Revenue mix, as well as declines in our subscription and support gross margin or our services gross margin, could adversely affect our overall

gross margin and profitability.

Our subscription and support revenue was 34% and 27% of total revenue for fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. Our subscription and support
revenue produces lower gross margins than our license revenue. The gross margin of our subscription and support revenue was 35% and 42% for fiscal years
2021  and  2020,  respectively,  while  the  gross  margin  for  license  revenue  was  97%  and  97%  for  fiscal  years  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  As  our  cloud
transition continues, we expect that subscription revenue will continue to increase as a percentage of total revenue as we contract with new cloud customers
and existing customers migrate from term licenses to subscription services. Additionally, we are incurring significant expenses to develop our cloud services
and scale our cloud operations which may result in further erosion of our subscription and support gross margin. These trends, along with other factors, some
of  which  may  be  beyond  our  control,  may  adversely  affect  our  overall  gross  and  operating  margins.  These  other  factors  include  the  percentage  of  new
customers  that  enter  into  subscription  services  agreements  as  compared  to  term  license  agreements,  the  revenue  impact  of  allocating  total  contract
consideration between license revenue and subscription and support revenue when existing customers transition from term license to subscription services
agreements, investments in certain cloud implementations to assist our customers with their migration to our cloud services, continued growth and efficiency
of our cloud operations and technical support teams, and the impact on the global economy as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or other disasters.

Further, our services revenue was 25% and 28% of total revenue for fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. Our services revenue produces lower
gross margin than either our license revenue or our subscription and support revenue. The gross margin of our services revenue was negative for both fiscal
years 2021 and 2020. If we experience an increase in the percentage of total revenue represented by services revenue, like we did in fiscal year 2018 due to
acquisitions  and  other  factors,  such  increase  could  reduce  our  overall  gross  and  operating  margins.  Fluctuation  in  our  services  revenue  can  result  from
several factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including the pace of our customers’ migration from term license to subscription services as we
continue our cloud transition, change in customer demand for our services team’s involvement in the implementation of new services and products, the rates
we  charge  or  discounts  we  offer  for  our  services,  our  ability  to  bill  our  customers  for  all  time  incurred  to  complete  a  project,  the  extent  and  quality  of
implementations and migrations provided by our SI partners, and the impact on the global economy as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or other disasters.
Additionally, the failure to improve, or the erosion of, our services margin, whether due to discounts related to encouraging clients to accelerate their cloud
transition or otherwise, particularly in combination with any increase in services revenue, could adversely affect our overall gross and operating margins.
Our  services  margin  may  erode  if  we  hire  and  train  additional  services  personnel  to  support  cloud-based  services  or  markets  prior  to  having  customer
engagements, if we make investments in customer migrations from self-managed term licenses to subscription services, if we enter into fixed fee services
arrangements, if our services personnel are underutilized, or if we require additional personnel on unexpectedly difficult projects to ensure customer success,
perhaps without receiving commensurate compensation.

Our large customers have substantial negotiating leverage, which may require that we agree to terms and conditions that result in increased cost of

sales, decreased revenue, and lower average selling prices and gross margins, all of which could harm our results of operations.

Some of our customers include the world’s largest P&C insurers. These customers have significant bargaining power when negotiating new licenses or
subscriptions  or  renewals  of  existing  agreements,  and  have  the  ability  to  buy  similar  services  and  products  from  other  vendors  or  develop  such  systems
internally.  These  customers  have  and  may  continue  to  seek  advantageous  pricing  and  other  commercial  and  performance  terms  that  may  require  us  to
develop additional features in the services and products we sell to them or add complexity to our customer agreements. We have been required to, and may
continue to be required to, reduce the average selling price of our services and products in response to these pressures. If we are unable to avoid reducing our
average selling prices, our results of operations could be harmed.

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Our business depends on customers renewing and expanding their license, support, and subscription contracts for our services and products. A

decline in our customer renewals and expansions could harm our future results of operations.

Our customers have no obligation to renew their term licenses or subscriptions after their contract period expires, and these licenses and subscriptions,
if  renewed,  may  be  done  so  on  less  favorable  terms.  Moreover,  under  certain  circumstances,  our  customers  have  the  right  to  cancel  their  licenses  or
subscriptions before they expire. We may not accurately predict future trends in customer renewals. In addition, our perpetual license customers have no
obligation to renew their support arrangements after the expiration of the initial contractual period. Our customers’ renewal rates may fluctuate or decline
because of several factors, including their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our services and products, the prices of our services and products, the prices of
services and products offered by our competitors, reductions in our customers’ spending levels due to the macroeconomic environment or other factors, or
the sale of their operations to a buyer that is not a current customer.

Also, in some cases, our customers have a right to exercise a perpetual buyout of their term licenses at the end of the initial contract term, which if
exercised would eliminate future term license revenue. If our customers do not renew their term licenses or subscriptions for our solutions or renew on less
favorable terms, our revenue may decline or grow more slowly than expected and our profitability may be harmed.

If  we  are  unable  to  develop,  introduce,  and  market  new  and  enhanced  versions  of  our  services  and  products,  we  may  be  put  at  a  competitive

disadvantage.

Our  success  depends  on  our  continued  ability  to  develop,  introduce,  and  market  new  and  enhanced  versions  of  our  services  and  products  to  meet
evolving customer requirements. Because some of our services and products are complex and require rigorous testing, new features, new functionality, and
updates  to  our  existing  products  and  services  can  take  significant  time  and  resources  to  develop  and  bring  to  market. As  we  expand  internationally,  our
services and products must be modified and adapted to comply with regulations and other requirements of the countries in which our customers do business.
Additionally,  market  conditions  may  dictate  that  we  change  the  delivery  method  of  our  services  and  products  or  the  technology  platform  underlying  our
existing  services  and  products  or  that  new  services  and  products  be  developed  on  different  technology  platforms,  potentially  adding  material  time  and
expense  to  our  development  cycles.  The  nature  of  these  development  cycles  may  cause  us  to  experience  delays  between  the  time  we  incur  expenses
associated with research and development and the time we generate revenue, if any, from such expenses.

If we fail to develop new services and products, enhance our existing services and products, or migrate our products to the cloud, our business could be
adversely  affected,  especially  if  our  competitors  are  able  to  introduce  services  and  products  with  enhanced  functionality  in  the  cloud.  It  is  critical  to  our
success  for  us  to  anticipate  changes  in  technology,  industry  standards,  and  customer  requirements  and  to  successfully  introduce  new,  enhanced,  and
competitive  services  and  products  to  meet  our  customers’  and  prospective  customers’  needs  on  a  timely  basis.  We  have  invested  and  intend  to  increase
investments  in  research  and  development  and  cloud  operations  to  meet  these  challenges.  Revenue  may  not  be  sufficient  to  support  the  future  product
development that is required for us to remain competitive. If we fail to develop services and products in a timely manner that are competitive in technology
and price or develop services and products that fail to meet customer demands, our market share will decline and our business and results of operations could
be harmed. If  our  research  and  development  efforts  do  not  develop  services,  products  or  features  that  our  customers  find  valuable,  then  we  might  incur
impairment charges related to our capitalized software development costs.

Our ability to sell our services and products is highly dependent on the quality of our professional services and technical support services and the
support of our SI partners, and the failure of us or our SI partners to offer high-quality professional services or technical support services could damage
our reputation and adversely affect our ability to sell our services and products to new customers and renew agreements with our existing customers.

If we or our SI partners do not effectively assist our customers in deploying our services and products, successfully help our customers quickly resolve
post-deployment issues, assist our customers in migrating from self-managed licenses to subscription services, and provide effective ongoing support, our
ability  to  renew  existing  agreements  and  sell  additional  services  and  products  to  existing  customers  would  be  adversely  affected  and  our  reputation  with
potential customers could be damaged. Once our services and products are deployed and integrated with our customers’ existing information technology
environment,  our  customers  may  depend  on  our  technical  support  services  and/or  the  support  of  SI  partners  or  internal  resources  to  resolve  any  issues
relating  to  our  services  and  products.  High-quality  support  is  critical  for  the  continued  successful  marketing  and  sale  of  our  services  and  products.  In
addition, as we continue to expand our operations internationally, our support organization will face additional challenges, including those associated with
delivering support, training, and documentation in languages other than English. Many enterprise customers require higher levels of support than smaller
customers. If we fail to meet the requirements of our larger customers, it may be more difficult to sell additional services and

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products to these customers or to transition existing license customers to subscription services, a key strategy for the growth of our revenue and profitability.
In addition, as we further expand our cloud-based services and products, our professional services, cloud operations and support organizations will face new
challenges, including hiring, training, and integrating a large number of new personnel with experience in delivering high-quality services and support for
cloud-based offerings. Further, as we continue to rely on SIs to provide deployment, migration, and on-going services, our ability to ensure a high level of
quality in addressing customer issues and providing a maintainable and efficient cloud environment could be diminished as we may be unable to control the
quality or timeliness of the implementation of our services and products by our SI partners. Our failure to maintain high-quality implementation and support
services, or to ensure that SIs provide the same, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and growth
prospects.

We may expand through acquisitions or partnerships with other companies, which may divert our management’s attention and result in unexpected

operating and technology integration difficulties, increased costs, and dilution to our stockholders.

Our  business  strategy  includes  the  potential  acquisition  of  shares  or  assets  of  companies  with  software,  cloud-based  services,  technologies,  or
businesses complementary to ours. Our strategy also includes alliances with such companies. For example, we have made several acquisitions in the past,
including Cyence, a Software-as-a-Service company that applies data science and risk analytics to enable P&C insurers to underwrite “21st century risks”
such  as  terrorism,  cybersecurity,  and  reputational  risk,  in  November  2017.  In  August  2021,  we  announced  the  acquisition  of  HazardHub,  Inc.,  a  leading
insurtech provider of API-driven property risk insights. Our prior acquisitions were initially dilutive to earnings, and this recent acquisition is also expected
to be dilutive. Acquisitions and alliances may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures and may not result in the benefits anticipated by
such corporate activity. In particular, we may fail to assimilate or integrate the businesses, technologies, services, products, personnel, or operations of the
acquired  companies,  retain  key  personnel  necessary  to  favorably  execute  the  combined  companies’  business  plan,  or  retain  existing  customers  or  sell
acquired  services  and  products  to  new  customers.  Acquisitions  and  alliances  may  also  disrupt  our  ongoing  business,  divert  our  resources,  and  require
significant management attention that would otherwise be available for ongoing development of our current business. In addition, we may be required to
make  additional  capital  investments  or  undertake  remediation  efforts  to  ensure  the  success  of  our  acquisitions,  which  may  reduce  the  benefits  of  such
acquisitions. We also may be required to use a substantial amount of our cash or issue debt or equity securities to complete an acquisition or realize the
potential of an alliance, which could deplete our cash reserves and/or dilute our existing stockholders. Following an acquisition or the establishment of an
alliance offering new services and products, the timing of revenue from the sale of services and products that we acquired or that result from the alliance, or
from the sale of a bundle of services and products that includes such new services and products, may be different than the timing of revenue from existing
services and products. In addition, our ability to maintain favorable pricing of new services and products may be challenging if we bundle such services and
products  with  existing  services  and  products.  A  delay  in  the  recognition  of  revenue  from  sales  of  acquired  or  alliance  services  and  products,  or  reduced
pricing  due  to  bundled  sales,  may  cause  fluctuations  in  our  quarterly  financial  results,  may  adversely  affect  our  operating  margins,  and  may  reduce  the
benefits of such acquisitions or alliances.

Additionally,  competition  within  the  software  industry  for  acquisitions  of  businesses,  technologies,  and  assets  has  been,  and  may  continue  to  be,
intense.  As  such,  even  if  we  are  able  to  identify  an  acquisition  that  we  would  like  to  pursue,  the  target  may  be  acquired  by  another  strategic  buyer  or
financial  buyer  such  as  a  private  equity  firm,  or  we  may  otherwise  not  be  able  to  complete  the  acquisition  on  commercially  reasonable  terms,  if  at  all.
Moreover, in addition to our failure to realize the anticipated benefits of any acquisition, including our revenue or return on investment assumptions, we may
be exposed to unknown liabilities or impairment charges to acquired intangible assets and goodwill as a result of acquisitions we do complete.

If we are unable to continue the successful development of our global direct sales force and the expansion of our relationships with our strategic

partners, sales of our services and products will suffer and our growth could be slower than we project.

We believe that our future growth will depend on the continued recruiting, retention, and training of our global direct sales force and their ability to
obtain new customers, both large and small P&C insurers, and to manage our existing customer base. New hires require significant training and may, in
some cases, take more than a year before becoming productive, if at all. If we are unable to hire and develop sufficient numbers of productive global direct
sales personnel, sales of our services and products will suffer and our growth will be impeded.

Our  SI  partners  help  us  reach  additional  customers.  We  believe  our  future  growth  also  will  depend  on  the  retention  and  expansion  of  successful
relationships  with  SI  partners,  including  with  SI  partners  that  will  focus  on  services  and  products  we  may  acquire  in  the  future.  Our  growth  in  revenue,
particularly in international markets, will be influenced by the development and maintenance of relationships with SI partners, including regional and local
SI  partners.  Although  we  have  established  relationships  with  some  of  the  leading  SI  partners,  our  services  and  products  may  compete  directly  against
services and

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products  that  such  leading  SI  partners  support  or  market.  Additionally,  we  are  unable  to  control  the  quantity  or  quality  of  resources  that  our  SI  partners
commit to implementing our services and products, the quality or timeliness of such implementations, or the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our SI
partners.  If  our  partners  do  not  commit  sufficient  or  qualified  resources  to  these  activities,  our  customers  will  be  less  satisfied,  be  less  supportive  with
references,  or  may  require  the  investment  of  our  resources  at  discounted  rates.  These,  and  other  failures  by  our  partners  to  successfully  implement  our
services and products, would have an adverse effect on our business and our results of operations could fail to grow in line with our projections.

Our  international  sales  and  operations  subject  us  to  additional  risks  that  can  adversely  affect  our  business,  results  of  operations,  and  financial

condition.

We sell our services and products to customers located outside the United States, and we are continuing to expand our international operations as part
of  our  growth  strategy.  In  fiscal  years  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  $271.1  million,  $279.8  million,  and  $272.9  million  of  our  revenue,  respectively,  was  from
customers outside of the United States. Our current international operations and our plans to expand our international operations subject us to a variety of
risks, including:

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increased management, travel, infrastructure, and legal compliance costs associated with having multiple international operations;
unique terms and conditions in contract negotiations imposed by customers in foreign countries;
longer payment cycles and difficulties in enforcing contracts and collecting accounts receivable;
the need to localize our contracts and our services and products for international customers;
lack of familiarity with and unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements;
increased exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
highly inflationary international economies, such as Argentina;
the burdens and costs of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws and legal standards, including the General Data Protection Regulation
in the European Union (“EU”) and the U.K.;
compliance  with  the  U.S.  Foreign  Corrupt  Practices  Act  of  1977,  as  amended,  the  U.K.  Bribery  Act  and  other  anti-corruption  regulations,
particularly in emerging market countries;
compliance  by  international  staff  with  accounting  practices  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States,  including  adherence  to  our  accounting
policies and internal controls;
import and export license requirements, tariffs, taxes and other trade barriers;
increased financial accounting, tax and reporting burdens and complexities;
weaker protection of intellectual property rights in some countries;
multiple and possibly overlapping tax regimes;
government sanctions that may interfere with our ability to sell into particular countries, such as Russia;
disruption to our operations caused by epidemics or pandemics, such as COVID-19; and
political, social, and economic instability abroad, terrorist attacks, and security concerns in general.

As we continue to expand our business globally, our success will depend, in large part, on our ability to anticipate and effectively manage these and
other  risks  associated  with  our  international  operations.  Any  of  these  risks  could  harm  our  international  operations  and  reduce  our  international  sales,
adversely affecting our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects.

Failure to manage our expanding operations effectively could harm our business.

We have experienced consistent growth and expect to continue to expand our operations, including the number of employees and the locations and
scope  of  our  international  operations.  Additionally,  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  related  shelter  in-place  orders  have  resulted  in  our  employees  and
contractors  working  from  home,  bringing  new  challenges  to  managing  our  business  and  work  force.  We  have  announced  our  intention  to  transition  to  a
hybrid work environment in which a large portion of our workforce will work either in-person on a part-time basis or remotely on a permanent basis. This
expansion and changing work environment has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our operational and financial resources and our
personnel.  To  manage  our  anticipated  future  operational  expansion  effectively,  we  must  continue  to  maintain  and  may  need  to  enhance  our  information
technology  and  cybersecurity  infrastructure  and  financial  and  accounting  systems  and  controls,  and  manage  expanded  operations  and  employees  in
geographically distributed locations. Our growth could require significant capital expenditures and may divert financial resources from other projects, such
as the development of new services and products or investments in cloud operations. If we increase the size of our organization without experiencing an
increase  in  sales  of  our  services  and  products,  we  will  experience  reductions  in  our  gross  and  operating  margins  and  net  income.  If  we  are  unable  to
effectively manage our expanding operations or hybrid work environment, our expenses may increase more than

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expected, our revenue could decline or grow more slowly than expected, and we may be unable to implement our business strategy.

Incorrect or improper use of our services and products or our failure to properly train customers on how to utilize our services and products could

result in customer dissatisfaction and negatively affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and growth prospects.

Our  services  and  products  are  complex  and  are  deployed  in  a  wide  variety  of  network  environments.  The  proper  use  of  our  services  and  products
requires training of the customer. If our services and products are not used correctly or as intended, inadequate performance may result. Our services and
products  may  also  be  intentionally  misused  or  abused  by  customers  or  their  employees  or  third  parties  who  are  able  to  access  or  use  our  services  and
products.  Because  our  customers  rely  on  our  services,  products,  and  support  to  manage  a  wide  range  of  operations,  the  incorrect  or  improper  use  of  our
services and products, our failure to properly train customers on how to efficiently and effectively use our services and products, or our failure to properly
provide services to our customers may result in negative publicity or legal claims against us. Also, any failure by us to properly provide training or other
services to existing customers will likely result in lost opportunities for follow-on and increased sales of our services and products.

In addition, if there is substantial turnover of customer personnel responsible for the use of our services and products, or if customer personnel are not
well trained in the use of our services and products, customers may defer the deployment of our services and products, may deploy them in a more limited
manner than originally anticipated, or may not deploy them at all. Further, if there is substantial turnover of the customer personnel responsible for use of our
services and products, our ability to renew existing licenses and make additional sales may be substantially limited.

We may not be able to obtain capital when desired on favorable terms, if at all, and we may not be able to obtain capital or complete acquisitions

through the use of equity without dilution to our stockholders.

We may need additional financing to execute on our current or future business strategies, including to develop new or enhance existing services and

products, acquire businesses and technologies, or otherwise to respond to competitive pressures.

If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders could
be significantly diluted, and newly-issued securities may have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to those of existing stockholders. If we accumulate
additional funds through debt financing, a substantial portion of our operating cash flow may be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on such
indebtedness, thus limiting funds available for our business activities. We cannot be assured that additional financing will be available on terms favorable to
us,  or  at  all.  If  adequate  funds  are  not  available,  or  are  not  available  on  acceptable  terms,  when  we  desire  them,  our  ability  to  fund  our  operations,  take
advantage  of  unanticipated  opportunities,  develop  or  enhance  our  services  and  products,  or  otherwise  respond  to  competitive  pressures  would  be
significantly limited. Any of these factors could harm our results of operations.

Risks Related to Data Security and Privacy, Intellectual Property, and Information Technology

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If our products or cloud-based services experience data security breaches, and there is unauthorized access to our customers’ data, we may lose

current or future customers and our reputation and business may be harmed.

If our security measures are breached or unauthorized access to customer data is otherwise obtained, our cloud services may be perceived as not being
secure, customers may reduce the use of or stop using our services, we may incur significant liabilities and our reputation could be harmed. Our software and
cloud services involve the storage and transmission of customer data, including in some cases, personal data, and security breaches could result in the loss of
this information, which in turn could result in litigation, breach of contract claims, indemnity obligations, and other liabilities for our company. While we
have taken, and are continually updating, steps to protect the confidential information and customer data to which we have access, including confidential
information  we  may  obtain  through  our  customer  support  services  or  customer  usage  of  our  cloud-based  services,  our  security  measures  or  the  security
measures of companies we rely on, such as AWS, could be breached. We rely on third-party technology and systems for a variety of services, including,
without limitation, encryption and authentication technology, employee email, content delivery to customers, back-office support, and other functions, and
our ability to control or prevent breaches of any of these systems may be beyond our control. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or
infiltrate systems change frequently and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques
or to implement adequate preventative measures despite our efforts in implementing and deploying security measures. Although we have developed systems
and  processes  that  are  designed  to  protect  customer  data  and  prevent  data  loss  and  other  security  breaches,  including  systems  and  processes  designed  to
reduce the impact of a security breach at a third-party vendor, such measures cannot provide absolute security. Any or all of these issues could negatively
impact our ability to attract new customers or to increase engagement with existing customers, could cause existing customers to elect not to renew their
term licenses or subscription agreements, or could subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other action or liability, thereby adversely affecting
our results of operations and reputation.

Privacy concerns could result in regulatory changes and impose additional costs and liabilities on us, limit our use of information, and adversely

affect our business.

As adoption of our cloud-based services occurs, the amount of customer data, including customer personal information, that we manage, hold, and/or
collect continues to increase. In  addition,  our  services  and  products  may  collect,  process,  store,  and  use  transaction-level  data  aggregated  across  insurers
using our common data model. We anticipate that over time we will continue to expand the use and collection of personal information as greater amounts of
such personal information may be transferred from our customers to us and we recognize that privacy and data security has become a significant issue in the
United States, Europe, the U.K., and many other jurisdictions where we operate.

Many  federal,  state,  and  foreign  legislatures  and  government  agencies  have  imposed,  are  considering  imposing,  or  are  considering  changing
restrictions  and  requirements  about  the  collection,  use,  and  disclosure  of  personal  information.  Changes  to  laws  or  regulations  affecting  privacy  could
impose additional costs and liabilities, including fines, on us and could limit our use of such information to add value for customers, including for example,
the  California  Consumer  Privacy  Act,  the  California  Privacy  Rights  Act,  which  takes  substantial  effect  on  January  1,  2023,  the  Virginia  Consumer  Data
Protection Act, which takes effect on January 1, 2023, the Colorado Privacy Act, which takes effect on July 1, 2023, and the Court of Justice of the EU’s
invalidation  of  the  Privacy  Shield  framework  in  July  2020.  If  we  were  required  to  change  our  business  activities  or  revise  or  eliminate  services,  or  to
implement burdensome compliance measures, our business and results of operations could be harmed. In addition, we may be subject to fines, penalties, and
potential  litigation  if  we  fail  to  comply  with  applicable  privacy  and/or  data  security  laws,  regulations,  standards,  and  other  requirements.  The  costs  of
compliance with and other burdens imposed by privacy-related laws, regulations, and standards may limit the use and adoption of our services and products
and reduce overall demand.

Furthermore,  concerns  regarding  data  privacy  and/or  security  may  cause  our  customers’  customers  to  resist  providing  the  data  and  information
necessary to allow our customers to use our services and products effectively. Even the perception that the privacy and/or security of personal information is
not satisfactorily managed, or does not meet applicable legal, regulatory, and other requirements, could inhibit sales of our services or products, and could
limit adoption of our solutions, resulting in a negative impact on our sales, reputation, and results from operations.

Privacy concerns in the EU and the U.K. are evolving and we may face fines and other penalties, as well as reputational harm, if we fail to comply
with  these  evolving  standards,  and  compliance  with  these  standards  may  increase  our  expenses  and  adversely  affect  our  business  and  results  of
operations.

On April 27, 2016 the EU adopted the General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (“GDPR”), that took effect on May 25, 2018. The GDPR applies
to any company established in the European Economic Area (“EEA”) as well as to those outside the EEA if they carry out processing of personal data of
individuals  in  the  EEA  that  is  related  to  the  offering  of  goods  or  services  to  them  or  the  monitoring  of  their  behavior.  The  GDPR  has  enhanced  data
protection obligations for processors and

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controllers of personal data, including, for example, expanded disclosures about how personal data is to be used, limitations on retention of personal data,
enhanced data subject rights, mandatory data breach notification requirements, and onerous new obligations on data processors. Non-compliance with the
GDPR can trigger fines of up to €20 million, or 4% of total worldwide annual revenues, whichever is higher. Given the breadth and depth of changes in data
protection obligations, complying with GDPR requirements has caused us to expend significant resources and such expenditures are likely to continue into
the near future as we respond to new interpretations and enforcement actions and as we continue to negotiate data processing agreements with our customers
and business partners.

In addition, the GDPR restricts transfers of personal data outside of the EEA to countries deemed to lack adequate privacy protections, including the
U.S., unless an appropriate safeguard specified by the GDPR is implemented, such as the Standard Contractual Clauses (“SCCs”) approved by the European
Commission and, until July 16, 2020, the Privacy Shield for EU–U.S. data transfers. On July 16, 2020, the European Court of Justice (“ECJ”) invalidated the
EU-U.S. Privacy Shield, but it deemed that SCCs are valid, provided additional safeguards are in place. However, the ECJ ruled that transfers made pursuant
to SCCs and other alternative transfer mechanisms need to be analyzed on a case-by-case basis to ensure EU standards of data protection are met in the
jurisdiction  where  the  data  importer  is  based,  and  there  continue  to  be  concerns  about  whether  SCCs  will  face  additional  challenges.  Moreover,  on
September 8, 2020, the Swiss Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner announced that it no longer considers the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield to
provide adequate protections for transfers of Swiss personal data to the U.S., following the invalidation of the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield by the ECJ. Further,
on June 4, 2021, the European Commission published revised standard contractual clauses for data transfers from the EEA. The revised clauses must be used
for relevant new data transfers from September 27, 2021, while existing standard contractual clauses arrangements must be migrated to the revised clauses
by  December  27,  2022.  We  will  be  required  to  implement  the  revised  standard  contractual  clauses  in  relation  to  our  customer  arrangements  within  the
relevant time frames, which could increase our compliance costs and adversely affect our business. There is some uncertainty around whether the revised
clauses can be used for all types of data transfers, particularly whether they can be relied on for data transfers to non-EEA entities subject to the GDPR.
These recent developments will require us to review and amend the legal mechanisms by which we make and receive personal data transfers to or in the
United States. We (and many other companies) may be required to adopt additional measures to accomplish and maintain legitimate means for the transfer
and  receipt  of  personal  data  from  the  EU  to  the  United  States  and  other  countries. As  data  protection  authorities  continue  to  issue  further  guidance  on
personal  data  export  mechanisms  and/or  start  taking  enforcement  action,  we  could  suffer  additional  costs,  complaints  and/or  regulatory  investigations  or
fines, and/or if we are otherwise unable to transfer personal data between and among countries and regions in which we operate, it could affect the manner in
which  we  provide  our  services,  the  geographical  location  or  segregation  of  our  relevant  systems  and  operations,  and  could  adversely  affect  our  financial
results.

We may experience hesitancy, reluctance, or refusal by European or multi-national customers to continue to use our services due to the potential risk
exposure to such customers as a result of such developments and the data protection obligations imposed on them by various data protection authorities.
Such  customers  may  also  view  any  alternative  approaches  to  the  transfer  of  any  personal  data  as  being  too  costly,  too  burdensome,  or  otherwise
objectionable, and therefore may decide not to do business with us.

Given our current transition to more cloud-based services and the current data protection landscape in the EU, we may be subject to greater risk of
potential inquiries and/or enforcement actions. We may find it necessary to establish alternative systems to maintain EEA personal data within the EEA,
which may involve substantial expense and may cause us to need to divert resources from other aspects of our business, all of which may adversely affect
our  results  from  operations.  Further,  any  inability  to  adequately  address  privacy  concerns  in  connection  with  our  cloud-based  services,  or  comply  with
applicable  privacy  or  data  protection  laws,  regulations,  and  policies,  could  result  in  additional  cost  and  liability  to  us,  including  fines  and  harm  to  our
reputation, and adversely affect our ability to offer cloud-based services.

Starting on January 1, 2021, as a result of Brexit, the U.K. has brought the GDPR into domestic U.K. law with the Data Protection Act 2018 (“U.K.
GDPR”),  which  will  remain  in  force.  The  U.K.  GDPR  mirrors  the  data  protection  obligations  and  fines  under  the  GDPR,  but  there  may  be  further
developments about the regulation of particular issues such as U.K. data exports. The transfer of personal data from the United Kingdom to non-adequate
countries remains subject to the previous set of standard contractual clauses as approved at the time of Brexit, but the U.K.’s Information Commissioner’s
Office (the “ICO”) is currently considering new, U.K.-specific data transfer agreements. The ICO has stated that it is considering whether to recognize the
new standard contractual clauses under U.K. law, and therefore our U.K. data export arrangements may also require updating, resulting in further compliance
costs. In addition, on June 28, 2021, the European Commission adopted an adequacy decision in favor of the United Kingdom, enabling data transfers from
EEA  member  states  to  the  United  Kingdom  without  additional  safeguards.  However,  the  U.K.  adequacy  decision  will  automatically  expire  in  June  2025
unless the

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European Commission re-assesses and renews/extends that decision, and it remains under review by the Commission during this period. The relationship
between the United Kingdom and the EEA in relation to certain aspects of data protection law remains unclear, and it is unclear how U.K. data protection
laws and regulations will develop in the near to long term, and how data transfers to and from the United Kingdom will be regulated in the long term. These
changes may lead to additional costs and increase our overall risk exposure.

Anticipated further evolution of EU and U.K. regulations on data privacy and security and any related changes to the regulatory framework in these or
other countries may increase substantially our risk exposure to the penalties to which we could be subject in the event of any non-compliance. We may incur
substantial  expense  in  complying  with  the  new  obligations  to  be  imposed  by  new  regulations  and  interpretations  of  existing  regulations  and  we  may  be
required  to  make  significant  changes  to  our  software  applications  and  expanding  business  operations,  all  of  which  may  adversely  affect  our  results  of
operations.

Assertions  by  third  parties  of  infringement  or  other  violation  by  us  of  their  intellectual  property  rights  could  result  in  significant  costs  and

substantially harm our business and results of operations.

The software industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patents and
other intellectual property rights. In particular, leading companies in the software industry own large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade
secrets,  which  they  may  use  to  assert  claims  against  us.  From  time  to  time,  third  parties  holding  such  intellectual  property  rights,  including  leading
companies,  competitors,  patent  holding  companies,  and/or  non-practicing  entities,  may  assert  patent,  copyright,  trademark,  or  other  intellectual  property
claims against us, our customers and partners, and those from whom we license technology and intellectual property.

Although we believe that our services and products do not infringe upon the intellectual property rights of third parties, we cannot assure that we are
not infringing or otherwise violating any third-party intellectual property rights or that third parties will not assert infringement or misappropriation claims
against us with respect to current or future services or products, or that any such assertions will not require us to enter into royalty arrangements, result in
costly  litigation,  or  result  in  us  being  unable  to  use  certain  intellectual  property.  Infringement  assertions  from  third  parties  may  involve  patent  holding
companies  or  other  patent  owners  who  have  no  relevant  product  revenue,  and  therefore  our  own  issued  and  pending  patents  may  provide  little  or  no
deterrence to these patent owners in bringing intellectual property rights claims against us.

If we are forced to defend against any infringement or misappropriation claims, whether they are with or without merit, are settled out of court or are
determined  in  our  favor,  we  may  be  required  to  expend  significant  time  and  financial  resources  on  the  defense  of  such  claims.  Furthermore,  an  adverse
outcome of a dispute may require us to pay damages, potentially including treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we are found to have willfully infringed a
party’s intellectual property; cease making, licensing, or using our services or products that are alleged to infringe or misappropriate the intellectual property
of others; expend additional development resources to redesign our services or products; enter into potentially unfavorable royalty or license agreements in
order to obtain the right to use necessary technologies or works; and to indemnify our partners, customers, and other third parties. Any of these events could
seriously harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Real  or  perceived  errors  or  failures  in  our  services,  products  including  implementation  services  may  affect  our  reputation,  cause  us  to  lose
customers, and reduce sales and renewal rates, which may harm our business and results of operations and subject us to liability for breach of warranty
claims.

Because  we  offer  complex  services  and  products,  undetected  errors  or  failures  may  exist  or  occur,  especially  when  services  and  products  are  first
introduced or when new versions or updates are released. Our services and products are often installed and used in large-scale computing environments with
different operating systems, system management software, and equipment and networking configurations, which may cause errors or failures in our services
and products or may expose undetected errors, failures, or bugs in our services and products. Despite testing by us, we may not identify all errors, failures, or
bugs in new services and products or releases until after commencement of commercial sales or installation. In the past, we have discovered software errors,
failures,  and  bugs  in  some  of  our  offerings  after  their  introduction.  Additionally,  our  Guidewire  Cloud  offerings  rely  on  third-party  hosting  services,
primarily Amazon AWS. Any material disruption or slowdown in these services or the systems of third parties who we depend upon could cause outages or
delays in our services, which could harm our reputation and adversely affect our results of operations.

We provide our customers with upfront estimates regarding the duration, resources, and costs associated with the implementation of our services and
products. Failure to meet these upfront estimates and the expectations of our customers could result from our product capabilities or service engagements
performed by us, our SI partners, or our customers’ employees, the latter two of which are beyond our direct control. The consequences could include, and
have included, monetary

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credits  for  current  or  future  service  engagements,  reduced  fees  for  additional  services  or  product  sales  or  upon  renewals  of  existing  licenses  or  services,
modification of existing contracts that could potentially result in reversals of previously recognized revenue, or a customer’s refusal to pay its contractually-
obligated  fees.  In  addition,  time-consuming  or  difficult  implementations  may  also  increase  the  amount  of  services  personnel  we  must  allocate  to  the
implementation project without commensurate compensation, thereby increasing our costs and adversely affecting our business, results of operations, and
financial condition.

The  license,  subscription,  and  support  of  our  services  and  products  creates  the  risk  of  significant  liability  claims  against  us.  Our  license  and
subscription agreements with our customers contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential liability claims. It is possible, however, that the
limitation of liability provisions contained in such agreements may not be enforced as a result of international, federal, state, and local laws or ordinances or
unfavorable judicial decisions. Breach of warranty or damage liability, or injunctive relief resulting from such claims, could harm our results of operations,
and financial condition.

Failure to protect our intellectual property could substantially harm our business and results of operations.

Our  success  depends  in  part  on  our  ability  to  enforce  and  defend  our  intellectual  property  rights.  We  rely  upon  a  combination  of  trademark,  trade

secret, copyright, patent, and unfair competition laws, as well as license agreements and other contractual provisions, to do so.

We have filed, and may in the future file, patent applications related to certain of our innovations. We do not know whether those patent applications
will result in the issuance of a patent or whether the examination process will require us to narrow our claims. In addition, we may not receive competitive
advantages from the rights granted under our patents and other intellectual property. Our existing patents and any patents granted to us or that we otherwise
acquire  in  the  future,  may  be  contested,  circumvented,  or  invalidated,  and  we  may  not  be  able  to  prevent  third  parties  from  infringing  these  patents.
Therefore, the extent of the protection afforded by these patents cannot be predicted with certainty. In addition, given the costs, effort, risks, and downside of
obtaining patent protection, including the requirement to ultimately disclose the invention to the public, we may choose not to seek patent protection for
certain innovations; however, such patent protection could later prove to be important to our business.

We  also  rely  on  several  registered  and  unregistered  trademarks  to  protect  our  brand.  Nevertheless,  competitors  may  adopt  service  names  similar  to
ours, or purchase our trademarks and confusingly similar terms as keywords in internet search engine advertising programs, thereby impeding our ability to
build brand identity and possibly leading to confusion in the marketplace. In addition, there could be potential trade name or trademark infringement claims
brought by owners of other registered trademarks or trademarks that incorporate variations of our trademarks. Any claims or customer confusion related to
our trademarks could damage our reputation and brand and substantially harm our business and results of operations.

We attempt to protect our intellectual property, technology, and confidential information by generally requiring our employees and consultants to enter
into confidentiality agreements and assignment of inventions agreements and third parties to enter into nondisclosure agreements, all of which offer only
limited  protection.  These  agreements  may  not  effectively  prevent  unauthorized  use  or  disclosure  of  our  confidential  information,  intellectual  property  or
technology and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property, or
technology. Despite our efforts to protect our confidential information, intellectual property, and technology, unauthorized third parties may gain access to
our  confidential  proprietary  information,  develop  and  market  services  or  products  similar  to  ours,  or  use  trademarks  similar  to  ours,  any  of  which  could
materially harm our business and results of operations. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and confidential information, and in
such cases, we could not assert any trade secret rights against such parties. Existing United States federal, state, and international intellectual property laws
offer only limited protection. The laws of some foreign countries do not protect our intellectual property rights to as great an extent as the laws of the United
States,  and  many  foreign  countries  do  not  enforce  these  laws  as  diligently  as  governmental  agencies  and  private  parties  in  the  United  States.  Moreover,
policing our intellectual property rights is difficult, costly, and may not always be effective.

From time to time, legal action by us may be necessary to enforce our patents and other intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to
determine the validity and scope of the intellectual property rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Such litigation could
result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could negatively affect our business, reputation, results of operations, and financial condition. If we
are unable to protect our technology and to adequately maintain and protect our intellectual property rights, we may find ourselves at a competitive

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disadvantage to others who need not incur the additional expense, time, and effort required to create the innovative services and products that have enabled
us to be successful to date.

We and our customers rely on technology and intellectual property of third parties, the loss of which could limit the functionality of our services

and products and disrupt our business.

We  use  technology  and  intellectual  property  licensed  from  unaffiliated  third  parties  in  certain  of  our  services  and  products,  and  we  may  license
additional third-party technology and intellectual property in the future. Any errors or defects in this third-party technology and intellectual property could
result  in  errors  that  could  harm  our  brand  and  business.  In  addition,  licensed  technology  and  intellectual  property  may  not  continue  to  be  available  on
commercially reasonable terms, or at all. The loss of the right to license and distribute this third-party technology could limit the functionality of our services
and products and might require us to redesign our services and products.

In addition, our Guidewire Cloud offerings rely on third-party hosting and infrastructure services provided by AWS, for the continuous, reliable, and
secure operation of servers, related hardware and software, and network infrastructure. A prolonged AWS service disruption or slowdown for any reason
could damage our reputation with current and potential customers, expose us to liability, cause us to lose customers, or otherwise harm our business.

We may be obligated to disclose our proprietary source code to our customers, which may limit our ability to protect our intellectual property and

could reduce the renewals of our support services.

Our software license agreements typically contain provisions permitting the customer to become a party to, or a beneficiary of, a source code escrow
agreement  under  which  we  place  the  proprietary  source  code  for  our  applicable  services  and  products  in  escrow  with  a  third  party.  Under  these  escrow
agreements, the source code to the applicable product may be released to the customer, typically for its use to maintain, modify, and enhance the product,
upon  the  occurrence  of  specified  events,  such  as  our  filing  for  bankruptcy,  discontinuance  of  our  support  services,  and  breaching  our  representations,
warranties, or covenants of our agreements with our customers. Additionally, in some cases, customers have the right to request access to our source code
upon demand. Some of our customers have obtained the source code for certain of our services and products by exercising this right, and others may do so in
the future.

Disclosing the content of our source code may limit the intellectual property protection we can obtain or maintain for that source code or the services
and products containing that source code and may facilitate intellectual property infringement claims against us. It also could permit a customer to which a
product’s source code is disclosed to support and maintain that software product without being required to purchase our support services. Each of these could
harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Some of our services and technologies may use “open source” software, which may restrict how we use or distribute our services or require that we

release the source code of certain services and products subject to those licenses.

Some of our services and technologies may incorporate software licensed under so-called “open source” licenses. In addition to risks related to license
requirements, usage of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not
provide warranties or controls on origin of the software. Additionally, some open source licenses require that source code subject to the license be made
available to the public and that any modifications or derivative works to open source software continue to be licensed under open source licenses. These
open source licenses typically mandate that proprietary software, when combined in specific ways with open source software, become subject to the open
source  license.  If  we  combine  our  proprietary  software  in  such  ways  with  open  source  software,  we  could  be  required  to  release  the  source  code  of  our
proprietary software.

We take steps to ensure that our proprietary software is not combined with, and does not incorporate, open source software in ways that would require
our proprietary software to be subject to many of the restrictions in an open source license. However, few courts have interpreted open source licenses, and
the manner in which these licenses may be interpreted and enforced is therefore subject to some uncertainty. Additionally, we rely on hundreds of software
programmers  to  design  our  proprietary  technologies,  and  although  we  take  steps  to  prevent  our  programmers  from  including  objectionable  open  source
software in the technologies and software code that they design, write and modify, we do not exercise complete control over the development efforts of our
programmers and we cannot be certain that our programmers have not incorporated such open source software into our proprietary services and products and
technologies or that they will not do so in the future. In the event that portions of our proprietary technology are determined to be subject to an open source
license, we could be required to publicly release the affected portions of our source code, re-engineer all or a portion of our technologies, or otherwise be
limited in the licensing of our technologies, each of which could reduce or eliminate the value of our services and technologies and materially and adversely
affect our business, results of operations, and prospects.

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Risks Related to Legal, Regulatory, Accounting, and Tax Matters

The  nature  of  our  business  requires  the  application  of  accounting  guidance  that  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions.
Reported results under GAAP may vary from key metrics used to measure our business. Additionally, changes in accounting guidance may cause us to
experience  greater  volatility  in  our  quarterly  and  annual  results.  If  we  are  unsuccessful  in  adapting  to  and  interpreting  the  requirements  of  new
guidance, or in clearly explaining to stockholders how new guidance affects reporting of our results of operations, our stock price may decline.

We prepare our consolidated financial statements to conform to United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). These accounting
principles  are  subject  to  interpretation  by  the  SEC,  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”),  and  various  bodies  formed  to  interpret  and  create
accounting rules and regulations. Accounting standards, such as ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers adopted in fiscal year 2019 or ASC 842
-  Leases  adopted  in  fiscal  year  2020,  or  the  guidance  relating  to  interpretation  and  adoption  of  standards  could  have  a  significant  effect  on  our  financial
results and could affect our business. Additionally, the FASB and the SEC are focused on the integrity of financial reporting, and our accounting policies are
subject to scrutiny by regulators and the public.

We  cannot  predict  the  impact  of  future  changes  to  accounting  principles  or  our  accounting  policies  on  our  financial  statements  going  forward.  In
addition,  were  we  to  change  our  accounting  estimates,  including  those  related  to  the  timing  of  revenue  recognition  and  those  used  to  allocate  revenue
between various performance obligations, our reported revenue and results of operations could be significantly impacted. For example, the following risks
are associated with ASC 606:

•
•
•

investors’ misinterpretation of historic and future trends of our business and what they could mean for the underlying success of our business;
a divergence between revenue and ARR and cash flow trends; and
difficulties in explaining our historical results or new known trends.

If we are unsuccessful in adapting to the requirements of the new revenue standard, or if changes to our go-to-market strategy create new risks, then we

may experience greater volatility in our quarterly and annual results, which may cause our stock price to decline.

In addition, GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements.
We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of
which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenses that are not readily apparent from
other sources.

Further,  revenue  recognition  standards  require  significant  judgment  and  estimates  that  impact  our  reported  revenue  and  results  of  operations.
Additionally, reported revenue has and will vary from the ARR and cash flow associated with each customer agreement. For example, some arrangements
with multiple performance obligations, a portion of recurring license and support or subscription contract value is allocated to services revenue for revenue
recognition purposes, but does not get allocated for purposes of calculating ARR. This revenue allocation only impacts the initial term of the contract. This
means that as we increase arrangements with multiple performance obligations that include services at discounted rates, more of the total contract value will
be recognized as services revenue, but our reported ARR amount will not be impacted. This potential difference and variability in the trends of reported
amounts may cause volatility in our stock price.

If  we  fail  to  maintain  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  or  identify  a  material  weakness  in  our  internal  control  over  financial
reporting, our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations in a timely and accurate manner could be adversely affected, investor
confidence in our company could diminish, and the value of our common stock may decline.

Preparing our consolidated financial statements involves a number of complex manual and automated processes, which are dependent upon individual
data input or review and require significant management judgment. One or more of these processes may result in errors that may not be detected and could
result  in  a  material  misstatement  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  (the  “Sarbanes-Oxley  Act”)  requires,  among
other things, that as a publicly-traded company we disclose whether our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures are
effective.

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A  material  weakness  is  a  deficiency,  or  combination  of  deficiencies,  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  such  that  there  is  a  reasonable

possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

While we continually undertake steps to improve our internal control over financial reporting as our business changes, we may not be successful in
making the improvements and changes necessary to be able to identify and remediate control deficiencies or material weaknesses on a timely basis. If we are
unable to successfully remediate any future material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, the accuracy and timing of our financial
reporting may be adversely affected; our liquidity, access to capital markets and perceptions of our creditworthiness may be adversely affected; we may be
unable  to  maintain  compliance  with  securities  laws,  stock  exchange  listing  requirements  and  debt  instruments  covenants  regarding  the  timely  filing  of
periodic  reports;  we  may  be  subject  to  regulatory  investigations  and  penalties;  investors  may  lose  confidence  in  our  financial  reporting;  we  may  suffer
defaults under our debt instruments; and our stock price may decline.

If tax laws change or we experience adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income tax returns, it could adversely affect our results of

operations.

We are subject to federal, state, and local income taxes in the United States and in foreign jurisdictions. Our future effective tax rates and the value of
our deferred tax assets could be adversely affected by changes in, interpretations of, and guidance regarding tax laws, including impacts of the Jobs Act of
2017 (the “Tax Act”) and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”).

In addition, we are subject to the examination of our income tax returns by the IRS and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of
adverse  outcomes  resulting  from  such  examinations  to  determine  the  adequacy  of  our  provision  for  income  taxes.  Significant  judgment  is  required  in
determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. Although we believe we have made appropriate provisions for taxes in the jurisdictions in which we
operate, changes in the tax laws or challenges from tax authorities under existing tax laws could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results
of operations.

We have received an immaterial proposed assessment from the California Franchise Tax Board for the state income tax returns filed for fiscal years
2018 and 2017. We are currently reviewing this proposed assessment and may appeal. We do not believe the examinations will have a material impact on our
results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

Our stock price may be volatile, which could result in securities class action litigation against us.

The  market  price  of  our  common  stock  could  be  subject  to  wide  fluctuations  in  response  to,  among  other  things,  the  risk  factors  described  in  this
report,  the  timing  and  amount  of  any  share  repurchases  by  us,  and  other  factors  beyond  our  control,  such  as  fluctuations  in  the  valuation  of  companies
perceived by investors to be comparable to us and research analyst coverage about our business.

Furthermore, the stock markets have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity
securities  of  many  companies.  These  fluctuations  often  have  been  unrelated  or  disproportionate  to  the  operating  performance  of  those  companies.  These
broad  market  and  industry  fluctuations,  as  well  as  general  economic,  political  and  market  conditions,  such  as  recessions,  interest  rate  changes,  or
international currency fluctuations, have and may continue to affect the market price of our common stock.

In the past, we and many companies that  have  experienced  volatility  in  the  market  price  of  their  stock  have  been  subject  to  securities  class  action
litigation. In July 2020, one of our stockholders filed a putative securities class action complaint in the federal court for the Northern District of California,
against us and certain of our current or former officers and directors, alleging misstatements and omissions in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the
Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”)  and  SEC  Rule  10b-5. In  October  2020,  the  suit  was  voluntarily  dismissed  without
prejudice by plaintiff’s counsel. We may become the target of additional complaints of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us
could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from our business, which could seriously harm our business, results of operations, and
financial condition.

We currently do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock and, consequently, the only opportunity to achieve a return on investment is if

the price of our common stock appreciates.

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We currently do not plan to declare dividends on shares of our common stock in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the only opportunity to achieve a

return on investment in our company will be if the market price of our common stock appreciates and shares are sold at a profit.

Certain  provisions  of  our  certificate  of  incorporation  and  bylaws  and  of  Delaware  law  could  prevent  a  takeover  that  stockholders  consider

favorable and could also reduce the market price of our stock.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a merger,
acquisition,  or  other  change  in  control  that  stockholders  may  consider  favorable,  including  transactions  in  which  stockholders  might  otherwise  receive  a
premium for their shares. These provisions may also prevent or delay attempts by stockholders to replace or remove our current management or members of
our board of directors. These provisions include:

•
•

•
•

•

not providing for cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;
authorizing our board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock rights senior to those of common stock, which could be
used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer;
prohibiting stockholder action by written consent, which forces stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;
limiting the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders, which could delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a
proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors; and
requiring  advance  notification  of  stockholder  nominations  and  proposals,  which  may  discourage  or  deter  a  potential  acquirer  from  conducting  a
solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.

The affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of our shares of capital stock entitled to vote is generally necessary to amend or repeal the above
provisions  that  are  contained  in  our  amended  and  restated  certificate  of  incorporation.  Also,  absent  approval  of  our  board  of  directors,  our  amended  and
restated bylaws may only be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 50% of our shares of capital stock entitled to vote.

In  addition,  we  are  subject  to  the  provisions  of  Section  203  of  the  Delaware  General  Corporation  Law.  These  provisions  may  prohibit  large
stockholders, in particular those owning 15% or more of our outstanding common stock, from engaging in certain business combinations without approval
of substantially all of our stockholders for a certain period of time.

These and other provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws, and under Delaware law could
discourage potential takeover attempts, reduce the price that investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock in the future and result in the
market price of our shares being lower than it would be without these provisions.

Our amended and restated bylaws designate certain state or federal courts as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our

stockholders, which could limit stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.

Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by

law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claim for:

•
•
•

•

any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;
any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or other employees to us or our stockholders;
any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our
amended and restated bylaws; or
any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine (the “Delaware Forum Provision”).

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The Delaware Forum Provision will not apply to any causes of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. Further, our amended and
restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the Northern District
of  California  will  be  the  sole  and  exclusive  forum  for  resolving  any  complaint  asserting  a  cause  of  action  arising  under  the  Securities  Act  (the  “Federal
Forum Provision”), as we are based in the State of California. In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that any person or entity purchasing or
otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal
Forum Provision; provided, however, that stockholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws
and the rules and regulations thereunder.

The  Delaware  Forum  Provision  and  the  Federal  Forum  Provision  in  our  amended  and  restated  bylaws  may  impose  additional  litigation  costs  on
stockholders in pursuing any such claims. Additionally, these forum selection clauses may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum
that they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage the filing of lawsuits against us and our directors,
officers and employees, even though an action, if successful, might benefit our stockholders. In addition, while the Delaware Supreme Court ruled in March
2020  that  federal  forum  selection  provisions  purporting  to  require  claims  under  the  Securities  Act  be  brought  in  federal  court  are  “facially  valid”  under
Delaware  law,  there  is  uncertainty  as  to  whether  other  courts  will  enforce  our  Federal  Forum  Provision. If  the  Federal  Forum  Provision  is  found  to  be
unenforceable, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters. The Federal Forum Provision may also impose additional litigation
costs  on  stockholders  who  assert  that  the  provision  is  not  enforceable  or  invalid.  The  Court  of  Chancery  of  the  State  of  Delaware  and  the  United  States
District  Court  for  the  Northern  District  of  California  may  also  reach  different  judgments  or  results  than  would  other  courts,  including  courts  where  a
stockholder considering an action may be located or would otherwise choose to bring the action, and such judgments may be more or less favorable to us
than our stockholders.

We cannot guarantee that our share repurchase program will be fully consummated or it will enhance stockholder value, and share repurchases

could affect the price of our common stock.

In October 2020, our board of directors authorized and approved a share repurchase program of up to $200 million of our outstanding common stock,
$37.5 million of which remains available for future repurchases as of July 31, 2021. Stock repurchases under the program may be made from time to time, in
the open market, in privately negotiated transactions and otherwise, at the discretion of management and in accordance with applicable federal securities
laws, including Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act, and other applicable legal requirements. Such repurchases may also be made in compliance with Rule
10b5-1 trading plans entered into by us. The timing, pricing, and sizes of these repurchases will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of
our  common  stock  and  general  market  and  economic  conditions.  The  stock  repurchase  program  does  not  obligate  us  to  repurchase  any  dollar  amount  or
number of shares, and the program may be suspended or discontinued at any time, which may result in a decrease in the price of our common stock. The
share repurchase program could affect the price of our common stock, increase volatility, and diminish our cash reserves.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Servicing our indebtedness requires a significant amount of cash. We may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to pay our substantial

indebtedness, and we may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to settle for cash conversions of the Convertible Senior Notes or to repurchase
the Convertible Senior Notes upon a fundamental change, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

As  of  July  31,  2021,  we  had  outstanding  an  aggregate  principal  amount  of  $400.0  million  of  our  1.25%  Convertible  Senior  Notes  due  2025  (the
“Convertible Senior Notes”). Our indebtedness may increase our vulnerability to any generally adverse economic and industry conditions, and we and our
subsidiaries  may,  subject  to  the  limitations  in  the  terms  of  our  existing  and  future  indebtedness,  incur  additional  debt,  secure  existing  or  future  debt,  or
recapitalize our debt. If we incur additional indebtedness, the risks related to our business would increase and our ability to service or repay our indebtedness
may be adversely impacted.

Pursuant to their terms, holders may convert their Convertible Senior Notes at their option prior to the scheduled maturities of their Convertible Senior
Notes under certain circumstances. Upon conversion of the Convertible Senior Notes, unless we elect to deliver solely shares of our common stock to settle
such conversion (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), we will be obligated to make cash payments. In addition, holders of our
Convertible Senior Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase their Convertible Senior Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as
defined in the Indenture, dated as of March 13, 2018, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as

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trustee (the “Trustee”) (the “Base Indenture”), as amended and supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 13, 2018, between the
Company and the Trustee (together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”)) at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible
Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the fundamental change purchase date. Although it is our
intention and we currently expect to have the ability to settle the Convertible Senior Notes in cash, there is a risk that we may not have enough available cash
or be able to obtain financing at the time we are required to make repurchases of Convertible Senior Notes surrendered therefor or Convertible Senior Notes
being  converted.  In  addition,  our  ability  to  make  payments  may  be  limited  by  law,  by  regulatory  authority,  or  by  agreements  governing  our  future
indebtedness. Our failure to repurchase Convertible Senior Notes at a time when the repurchase is required by the Indenture or to pay any cash payable on
future  conversions  of  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes  as  required  by  such  Indenture  would  constitute  a  default  under  such  Indenture.  A  default  under  the
Indenture or the fundamental change itself could also lead to a default under agreements governing our future indebtedness. If the repayment of the related
indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and repurchase
the Convertible Senior Notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof.

Our  ability  to  make  scheduled  payments  of  the  principal  and  interest  on  our  indebtedness  when  due  or  to  make  payments  upon  conversion  or
repurchase  demands  with  respect  to  our  Convertible  Senior  Notes,  or  to  refinance  our  indebtedness  as  we  may  need  or  desire,  depends  on  our  future
performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive, and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash
flow from operations in the future sufficient to satisfy our obligations under our existing indebtedness, and any future indebtedness we may incur, and to
make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as reducing or
delaying  investments  or  capital  expenditures,  selling  assets,  refinancing,  or  obtaining  additional  equity  capital  on  terms  that  may  be  onerous  or  highly
dilutive. Our ability to refinance existing or future indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be
able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our existing or future indebtedness
and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The  conditional  conversion  feature  of  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes,  if  triggered,  may  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  results  of

operations.

In  the  event  the  conditional  conversion  feature  of  the  notes  is  triggered,  holders  of  our  Convertible  Senior  Notes  will  be  entitled  to  convert  the
Convertible Senior Notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their Convertible Senior Notes, unless
we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional
share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In
addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their Convertible Senior Notes, we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a
portion of the outstanding principal of the notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working
capital.

Transactions relating to our Convertible Senior Notes may affect the value of our common stock.

The conversion of some or all of the Convertible Senior Notes would dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders to the extent we satisfy
our conversion obligation by delivering shares of our common stock upon any conversion of such Convertible Senior Notes. Our Convertible Senior Notes
may become in the future convertible at the option of their holders under certain circumstances. If holders of our Convertible Senior Notes elect to convert
their notes, we may settle our conversion obligation by delivering to them a significant number of shares of our common stock, which would cause dilution
to our existing stockholders.

In  connection  with  the  issuance  of  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes,  we  entered  into  capped  call  transactions  with  certain  financial  institutions  (the
“option counterparties”). The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of
the  notes  and/or  offset  any  cash  payments  we  are  required  to  make  in  excess  of  the  principal  amount  of  converted  notes,  as  the  case  may  be,  with  such
reduction and/or offset subject to a cap.

From  time  to  time,  the  option  counterparties  or  their  respective  affiliates  may  modify  their  hedge  positions  by  entering  into  or  unwinding  various
derivative transactions with respect to our common stock and/or purchasing or selling our common stock or other securities of ours in secondary market
transactions prior to the maturity of the Convertible Senior Notes. This activity could cause a decrease in the market price of our common stock.

The  accounting  method  for  convertible  debt  securities  that  may  be  settled  in  cash,  such  as  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes,  could  have  a  material

effect on our reported financial results.

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Under FASB Accounting Standards Codification 470-20 (“ASC 470-20”), Debt with Conversion and Other Options, an entity must separately account
for the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments (such as the Convertible Senior Notes) that may be settled entirely or partially in cash
upon conversion in a manner that reflects the issuer’s economic interest cost. ASC 470-20 requires the value of the conversion option of the Convertible
Senior Notes, representing the equity component, to be recorded as additional paid-in capital within stockholders’ equity in our consolidated balance sheets
as an original issue discount to the Convertible Senior Notes, which reduces their initial carrying value. The carrying value of the Convertible Senior Notes,
net of the discount recorded, will be accreted up to the principal amount of the notes from the issuance date until maturity, which will result in non-cash
charges  to  interest  expense  in  our  consolidated  statement  of  operations.  Accordingly,  we  will  report  lower  net  income  or  higher  net  loss  in  our  financial
results because ASC 470-20 requires interest to include both the current period’s accretion of the debt discount and the instrument’s coupon interest, which
could adversely affect our reported or future financial results, the trading price of our common stock, and the trading price of the Convertible Senior Notes.

In addition, under certain circumstances, convertible debt instruments (such as the Convertible Senior Notes) that may be settled entirely or partly in
cash are currently accounted for utilizing the treasury stock method, the effect of which is that the shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Senior
Notes are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share except to the extent that the conversion value of the Convertible Senior Notes exceeds
their principal amount. Under the treasury stock method, for diluted earnings per share purposes, the transaction is accounted for as if the number of shares
of common stock that would be necessary to settle such excess, if we elected to settle such excess in shares, are issued.

However,  recently  issued  accounting  guidance  that  will  be  effective  for  us  on  August  1,  2022  will  no  longer  permit  the  use  of  the  treasury  stock
method.  In  August  2020,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2020-06,  Debt—Debt  with  Conversion  and  Other  Options  (Subtopic  470-20)  and  Derivatives  and
Hedging—Contracts  in  Entity’s  Own  Equity  (Subtopic  815-40),  which  simplifies  the  accounting  for  convertible  instruments.  Among  other  things,  the
guidance eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted
method. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on our consolidated financial statements, however, we believe the requirement to use
the if-converted method instead of the treasury stock method of accounting for the shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Senior Notes, could
adversely affect our diluted earnings per share.

We are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the capped call transactions.

The  option  counterparties  are  financial  institutions,  and  we  will  be  subject  to  the  risk  that  any  or  all  of  them  might  default  under  the  capped  call
transactions. Our exposure to the credit risk of the option counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. Past global economic conditions have resulted
in the actual or perceived failure or financial difficulties of many financial institutions. If an option counterparty becomes subject to insolvency proceedings,
we  will  become  an  unsecured  creditor  in  those  proceedings  with  a  claim  equal  to  our  exposure  at  that  time  under  the  capped  call  transactions  with  such
option counterparty. Our exposure will depend on many factors but, generally, an increase in our exposure will be correlated to an increase in the market
price and in the volatility of our common stock. In addition, upon a default by an option counterparty, we may suffer adverse tax consequences and more
dilution than we currently anticipate with respect to our common stock. We can provide no assurances as to the financial stability or viability of the option
counterparties.

General Risks

Our  customers  may  defer  or  forego  purchases  of  our  services  or  products  in  the  event  of  weakened  global  economic  conditions,  political

transitions, and industry consolidation.

General  worldwide  economic  conditions  remain  unstable,  and  prolonged  economic  uncertainties  or  downturns  could  harm  our  business,  results  of
operations or financial condition. In particular, pursuant to a decision by referendum in June 2016, the U.K. voted to withdraw from the EU. A trade and
cooperation  agreement,  which  addresses  trade,  economic  arrangements,  law  enforcement,  judicial  cooperation  and  a  governance  framework  including
procedures  for  dispute  resolution,  among  other  things,  was  recently  ratified  by  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  of  the  EU  to  govern  the  U.K.’s
future  relationship  with  the  EU.  Because  the  agreement  merely  sets  forth  a  framework  in  many  respects  and  will  require  complex  additional  bilateral
negotiations between the U.K. and the EU as both parties continue to work on the rules for implementation, significant political and economic uncertainty
remains  about  how  the  precise  terms  of  the  relationship  between  the  parties  will  differ  from  the  terms  before  withdrawal.  Brexit  has  caused  significant
volatility  in  global  stock  markets  and  fluctuations  in  currency  exchange  rates.  Brexit  has  also  caused,  and  may  continue  to  cause,  delays  in  purchasing
decisions by our potential and current customers affected by this transition due to the considerable political and economic uncertainty created by Brexit and
uncertainty as to the nature of the U.K.’s long-term relationship with the EU. Brexit may further result in new regulatory and cost challenges to our U.K. and
global operations, particularly with respect to data protection. Depending on the market and regulatory effects of

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Brexit, it is possible that there may be adverse practical or operational implications on our business, and prolonged economic uncertainties or downturns
caused by Brexit could harm our business and results of operations.

Further, other global events such as the imposition of various trade tariffs by the United States and China and the COVID-19 pandemic, have created
and  may  continue  to  create  global  economic  uncertainty,  including  inflationary  pressures,  in  regions  in  which  we  have  significant  operations.  These
conditions  may  make  it  difficult  for  our  customers  and  us  to  forecast  and  plan  future  business  activities  accurately,  and  could  cause  our  customers  to
reevaluate  their  decision  to  purchase  our  services  and  products,  which  could  delay  and  lengthen  our  sales  cycles  or  result  in  cancellations  of  planned
purchases. Moreover, during challenging economic times our customers may face issues in gaining timely access to sufficient credit, which could result in an
impairment of their ability to make timely payments to us. If that were to occur, we may not receive amounts owed to us and may be required to record an
accounts receivable allowance, which would adversely affect our financial results. A substantial downturn in the P&C insurance industry may cause firms to
react to worsening conditions by reducing their capital expenditures, reducing their spending on information technology, delaying or canceling information
technology projects, or seeking to lower their costs by renegotiating vendor contracts. Negative or worsening conditions in the general economy both in the
United  States  and  abroad,  including  conditions  resulting  from  financial  and  credit  market  fluctuations,  could  cause  a  decrease  in  corporate  spending  on
enterprise software in general, and in the insurance industry specifically, and negatively affect the rate of growth of our business.

Furthermore, the increased pace of consolidation in the P&C insurance industry may result in reduced overall spending on our services and products.
Acquisitions of customers or potential customers can delay or cancel sales cycles and because we cannot predict the timing or duration of such acquisitions,
our results of operations could be materially impacted.

If  we  are  unable  to  retain  our  personnel  and  hire  and  integrate  additional  skilled  personnel,  we  may  be  unable  to  achieve  our  goals  and  our

business will suffer.

Our  future  success  depends  upon  our  ability  to  continue  to  attract,  train,  integrate,  and  retain  highly  skilled  employees,  particularly  our  executive
officers, sales and marketing personnel, professional services personnel, cloud operations personnel, and software engineers, especially as we transition to a
business model focused on delivering cloud-based offerings. Additionally, our stakeholders increasingly expect us to have a culture that embraces diversity
and inclusion. Our inability to attract and retain diverse and qualified personnel, or delays in hiring required personnel, may seriously harm our business,
results of operations, and financial condition. If U.S. immigration policy related to skilled foreign workers were materially adjusted, such a change could
hamper our efforts to hire highly skilled foreign employees, including highly specialized engineers, which would adversely impact our business.

Any one of our executive officers and other key employees could terminate his or her relationship with us at any time. The loss of one or more of our
executive officers or key employees, and any failure to have in place and execute an effective succession plan for key executive officers, could significantly
delay or prevent us from achieving our business and/or development objectives and could disrupt or materially harm our business. Although we strive to
reduce  the  challenges  of  any  transition,  failure  to  ensure  effective  transfer  of  knowledge  and  a  smooth  transition  could  disrupt  or  adversely  affect  our
business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.

We  face  competition  for  qualified  individuals  from  numerous  software  and  other  technology  companies.  Competition  for  qualified  personnel  is
particularly intense in the San Francisco Bay Area, where our headquarters are located, though we also face significant competition in all of our domestic
and  foreign  development  centers.  Further,  significant  amounts  of  time  and  resources  are  required  to  train  technical,  sales,  services,  operations,  and  other
personnel. We may incur significant costs to attract, train, and retain such personnel, and we may lose new employees to our competitors or other technology
companies before we realize the benefit of our investment after recruiting and training them.

Also, to the extent that we hire personnel from competitors, we may be subject to allegations that such personnel have been improperly solicited or have
divulged proprietary or other confidential information. In addition, we have a limited number of sales people and the loss of several sales people within a
short period of time could have a negative impact on our sales efforts. We may be unable to attract and retain suitably qualified individuals who are capable
of  meeting  our  growing  technical,  operational,  and  managerial  requirements,  including  managing  employees  and  contractors  remotely  or  in  a  hybrid
environment, or we may be required to pay increased compensation in order to do so.

Further, our ability to expand geographically depends, in large part, on our ability to attract, retain, and integrate managers with the appropriate skills to
lead  the  local  business  and  employees.  Similarly,  our  profitability  depends  on  our  ability  to  effectively  utilize  personnel  with  the  right  mix  of  skills  and
experience to perform services for our clients, including our ability

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to transition employees to new assignments on a timely basis. If we are unable to effectively deploy our employees globally on a timely basis to fulfill the
needs of our clients, our reputation could suffer and our ability to attract new clients may be harmed.

Because of the technical nature of our services and products and the dynamic market in which we compete, any failure to attract, integrate, and retain
qualified  direct  sales,  professional  services,  operations,  and  product  development  personnel,  as  well  as  our  contract  workers,  could  harm  our  ability  to
generate  sales,  deliver  consulting  services,  manage  our  customers’  cloud  environments,  or  successfully  develop  new  services  and  products  and
enhancements of existing services and products.

Factors outside of our control, including, but not limited to, natural catastrophes and terrorism may adversely impact the P&C insurance industry,
preventing  us  from  expanding  or  maintaining  our  existing  customer  base  and  increasing  our  revenue.  Our  business  is  subject  to  the  risks  of
earthquakes, fire, floods, and other natural catastrophic events, and to interruption by man-made problems such as computer viruses.

Our  customers  are  P&C  insurers  that  have  experienced,  and  will  likely  experience  in  the  future,  losses  from  catastrophes  or  terrorism  that  may
adversely  impact  their  businesses.  Catastrophes  can  be  caused  by  various  events,  including,  without  limitation,  hurricanes,  tsunamis,  floods,  windstorms,
earthquakes,  hail,  tornadoes,  explosions,  severe  weather,  epidemics,  pandemics,  and  fires.  Global  warming  trends  and  other  environmental  factors  are
contributing to an increase in erratic weather patterns globally and intensifying the impact of certain types of catastrophes. Moreover, acts of terrorism or
war  could  cause  disruptions  to  our  business  or  our  customers’  businesses  or  the  economy  as  a  whole.  The  risks  associated  with  natural  catastrophes  and
terrorism are inherently unpredictable, and it is difficult to forecast the timing of such events or estimate the amount of losses they will generate. Recently,
for example, various parts of the United States have suffered extensive damage due to hurricanes, droughts, severe heat and cold events, fires, and other
natural  disasters,  and  Australia  has  experienced  extensive  damage  due  to  fires.  The  combined  and  expected  effect  of  those  losses  on  P&C  insurers  is
significant. Such losses and losses due to future events may adversely impact our current or potential customers, which may prevent us from maintaining or
expanding our customer base and increasing our revenue, as such events may cause customers to postpone purchases and professional service engagements
or to discontinue existing projects.

Our  corporate  headquarters  and  the  majority  of  our  operations  are  located  in  the  San  Francisco  Bay  Area,  a  region  known  for  seismic  activity.  A
significant  natural  disaster,  such  as  an  earthquake,  tsunami,  fire,  flood,  epidemic,  or  pandemic,  such  as  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  could  have  a  material
adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, our information technology systems are vulnerable to computer
viruses, break-ins, and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering. To  the  extent  that  such  disruptions  result  in  delays  or  cancellations  of  customer
orders or collections, or the deployment or availability of our services and products, our business, results of operations, and financial condition would be
adversely affected.

Our  revenue,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  are  subject  to  fluctuations  due  to  changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates,  particularly
changes in the Argentine Peso, Australian Dollar, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Danish Kroner, Euro, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen,
Malaysian Ringgit, New Zealand Dollar, Polish Zloty, Russian Ruble, and Swiss Franc.

The volatility of exchange rates depends on many factors that we cannot forecast with reliable accuracy. Although we believe our operating activities
act  as  a  natural  hedge  for  a  substantial  portion  of  our  foreign  currency  exposure  at  the  cash  flow  or  operating  income  level  because  we  typically  collect
revenue and incur costs in the currency of the location in which we provide our applications and services, our relationships with our customers are long-term
in nature so it is difficult to predict if our operating activities will provide a natural hedge in the future. In addition, because our contracts are characterized
by large annual payments, significant fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that coincide with annual payments may affect our cash flows, revenue
or financial results in such quarter. Our results of operations may also be impacted by transaction gains or losses related to revaluing certain current asset and
liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity in which they are recorded. Moreover, significant and
unforeseen changes in foreign currency exchange rates may cause us to fail to achieve our stated projections for revenue and operating income, which could
have an adverse effect on our stock price. We will continue to experience fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, which, if material, may harm our
revenue or results of operations.

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Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 2.

Properties

Our  corporate  headquarters  in  San  Mateo,  California  consists  of  approximately  189,000  square  feet  of  space  leased  through  December  2029.  Our
European headquarters in Dublin, Ireland consists of approximately 85,000 square feet of space leased through March 2032. As of July 31, 2021, we also
lease facilities for our sales, services, development, operations and administrative activities in various locations in the United States and around the world,
including in Bedford, Massachusetts; Birmingham, Alabama; Columbia, South Carolina; Edina, Minnesota; Exton, Pennsylvania; San Diego, California; San
Jose, California; Chennai, India; Krakow, Poland; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; London, United Kingdom; Madrid, Spain; Mississauga, Canada; Paris, France;
Sydney, Australia; and Tokyo, Japan.

We believe that our facilities are suitable to meet our current needs. We are evaluating our real estate strategy as it relates to the impact of the COVID-
19 pandemic and anticipated needs of a hybrid workforce. In the future, we may expand our facilities or add new facilities as we add employees and enter
new  geographic  markets,  and  we  believe  that  suitable  additional  or  alternative  space  will  be  available  as  needed  to  accommodate  any  such  growth.  We
expect to incur additional expenses in connection with such new or expanded facilities.

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time we are involved in legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Any such proceedings, whether meritorious or

not, could be time consuming, costly, and result in the diversion of significant operational resources or management time.

Although  the  outcomes  of  legal  proceedings  are  inherently  difficult  to  predict,  we  are  not  currently  involved  in  any  legal  proceeding  in  which  the

outcome, in our judgment based on information currently available, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business or financial position.

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity

Securities

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “GWRE”.

On July 30, 2021, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $115.20 per share. As of July 31, 2021, we
had 38 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders, and includes stockholders
who are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include
stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

We have never declared or paid, and do not anticipate declaring or paying, any cash dividends on our common stock. Any future determination as to
the declaration and payment of dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then existing conditions, including our
financial condition, operating results, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects, and other factors our board of directors may deem
relevant.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

The following table summarizes our repurchase of equity securities during the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2021:

Period
May 1, 2021 – May 31, 2021
June 1, 2021 – June 30, 2021
July 1, 2021 – July 31, 2021

Total Number of
Shares Purchased
126,688
123,950
115,012

Average Price Paid
per Share
$97.08
$109.15
$112.28

Total Number Of Shares
Purchased As Part Of
Publicly Announced Plans
Or Programs
1,250,029
1,373,979
1,488,991

(1)

Approximate Dollar Value
(in millions) of Shares
That May Yet Be
Purchased Under The
(1)
Plans or Programs
$63.9
$50.4
$37.5

(1)

  On  October  7,  2020,  we  announced  that  our  board  of  directors  authorized  and  approved  a  share  repurchase  program  of  up  to  $200.0  million  of  our
outstanding stock. We began repurchasing shares under this program during the first quarter of fiscal year 2021. As of July 31, 2021, we had approximately
$37.5 million remaining for future share repurchases under the share repurchase program. The stock repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase
any dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. There is no stated expiration for the program.

 
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Performance Graph

This  performance  graph  shall  not  be  deemed  “soliciting  material”  or  to  be  “filed”  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  for  purposes  of
Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of
our filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act.

The following graph shows a comparison of the cumulative total return for our common stock, the NASDAQ Composite-Total Return Index and S&P
Software & Services Select Industry Index for the period from July 31, 2016 through July 31, 2021. Such returns are based on historical results and are not
intended to suggest future performance. Data for the NASDAQ Composite Total Return Index and S&P Software & Services Select Industry Index assume
reinvestment of dividends.

Guidewire Software, Inc.
NASDAQ Composite-Total Return Index
S&P Software & Services Select Industry Index

$
$
$

100.00  $
100.00  $
100.00  $

117.39  $
124.41  $
120.03  $

140.23  $
151.94  $
155.22  $

166.06  $
163.71  $
188.17  $

191.41  $
217.38  $
222.75  $

187.41 
298.96 
329.61 

7/31/2016

7/31/2017

7/31/2018

7/31/2019

7/31/2020

7/31/2021

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

None.

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Item 6.

[Reserved]

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in
Item  8  and  the  Risk  Factors  included  in  Item  1A  of  Part  I  of  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  All  information  presented  herein  is  based  on  our  fiscal
calendar. Unless otherwise stated, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to particular years or quarters refer to our fiscal years ended in July and
the associated quarters of those fiscal years. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required
by law.

We  have  elected  to  omit  discussion  on  the  earliest  of  the  three  years  covered  by  the  consolidated  financial  statements  presented.  Refer  to  Item  7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations located in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020,
filed on September 28, 2020, for reference to discussion of the fiscal year ended July 31, 2019, the earliest of the three fiscal years presented.

Overview

Guidewire  delivers  a  leading  platform  that  P&C  insurers  trust  to  engage,  innovate,  and  grow  efficiently.  Guidewire’s  platform  combines  core
operations,  digital  engagement,  analytics,  and  AI  applications  delivered  as  a  cloud  service  or  self-managed  software.  As  a  partner  to  our  customers,  we
continually evolve to enable their success and assist them in navigating a rapidly changing insurance market.

Our core operational services and products are InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud, InsuranceNow, and InsuranceSuite for self-managed installations.
These  services  and  products  are  transactional  systems  of  record  that  support  the  entire  insurance  lifecycle,  including  insurance  product  definition,
distribution,  underwriting,  policyholder  services,  and  claims  management.  InsuranceSuite  via  Guidewire  Cloud  is  a  highly  configurable  and  scalable
product, delivered as a service and primarily comprised of three core applications (PolicyCenter, BillingCenter, and ClaimCenter) that can be subscribed to
separately or together. These applications are built on and optimized for our Guidewire Cloud Platform (“GWCP”) architecture and leverage our in-house
Guidewire Cloud operations team. InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud is designed to support multiple releases each year to ensure that cloud customers
remain on the latest version and gain fast access to our innovation efforts. Additionally, InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud embeds digital and analytics
capabilities  natively  into  our  platform. Most  new  sales  and  implementations  are  for  InsuranceSuite  via  Guidewire  Cloud.  InsuranceNow  is  a  complete,
cloud-based  application  that  offers  policy,  billing,  and  claims  management  functionality  to  insurers  that  have  limited  internal  information  technology
resources. InsuranceSuite for self-managed installations is comprised of three core applications (PolicyCenter, BillingCenter, and ClaimCenter) that can be
licensed separately or together and can be deployed and updated by our customers and their implementation partners. Our digital engagement applications
enable digital sales, omni-channel service, and enhanced claims experiences for policyholders, agents, vendor partners, and field personnel. Our Analytics
and AI offerings enable insurers to manage data more effectively, gain insights into their business, drive operational efficiencies, and underwrite new and
evolving  risks.  To  support  P&C  insurers  globally,  we  have  localized,  and  will  continue  to  localize,  our  platform  for  use  in  a  variety  of  international
regulatory, language, and currency environments.

Our customers range from some of the largest global insurance companies or their subsidiaries to predominantly national or local insurers that serve
specific states and/or regions. Our customer engagement is led by our direct sales team and supported by our SI partners. We maintain and continue to grow
our sales and marketing efforts globally, and maintain regional sales centers throughout the world.

Because our platform is critical to our new and existing customers’ businesses, their decision-making and product evaluation process is long, which
results in an extended sales cycle. These evaluation periods can extend further if a customer purchases multiple services and products or assesses the benefits
of a cloud-based subscription. Sales to new customers also involve extensive customer due diligence and reference checks. Our sales cycle has lengthened
due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The success of our sales efforts relies on continued improvements and enhancements to our current services and products,
the introduction of new services and products, efficient operation of our cloud infrastructure, continued development of relevant local content and automated
tools for updating content, and successful implementations.

We  sell  our  cloud-delivered  offerings  through  subscription  services  and  our  self-managed  products  through  term  licenses.  We  generally  price  our
services and products based on the amount of DWP that will be managed by our platform. Our subscription, term license, and support fees are typically
invoiced annually in advance. Subscription services are generally sold with an initial term of between three and five years with optional annual renewals
commencing after the initial term.

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Subscription revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the committed term, once all revenue recognition criteria is met including providing access to the
service. Term licenses are primarily sold with an initial two-year committed term with optional annual renewals commencing after the initial term. We may
enter into term license arrangements with our customers that have an initial term of more than two years or may renew license arrangements for longer than
one year. A small portion of our revenue is derived from perpetual licenses. Term and perpetual license revenue are typically recognized when software is
made available to a customer, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. Our support revenue is generally recognized ratably over
the committed support term of the licensed software. Our support fees are typically priced as a fixed percentage of the associated license fees. We also offer
professional  services,  both  directly  and  through  SI  partners,  to  help  our  customers  deploy,  migrate,  and  utilize  our  platform,  services,  and  products.
Substantially all of our services revenue is billed monthly on a time and materials basis.

Over the past few years, we have primarily been entering into cloud-based subscription arrangements with our new and existing customers, and we
anticipate  that  subscription  arrangements  will  be  a  majority  of  annual  new  sales  going  forward.  As  this  sales  model  matures,  we  may  decide  to  change
certain contract terms in new arrangements to remain competitive or otherwise meet market demands.

To extend our technology leadership in the global market and to drive operating efficiency, we continue to invest in product development and cloud
operations to enhance and improve our current services and products, introduce new services and products, and advance our ability to cost-effectively deliver
our services in the cloud. Continued investment is critical as we seek to assist our customers in achieving their technology goals, maintain our competitive
advantage, grow our revenue, expand internationally, and meet evolving customer demands. In certain cases, we may also acquire skills and technologies to
manage our cloud infrastructure and accelerate our time to market for new services, products, solutions, and upgrades.

Our track record of success with customers and their implementations is central to maintaining our strong competitive position. We rely on our global
services team and SI partners to ensure that teams with the right combination of product and language skills are used in the most efficient way to meet our
customers’  implementation  needs.  We  have  extensive  relationships  with  SI,  consulting,  technology,  and  industry  partners.  Our  network  of  partners  has
expanded as interest in and adoption of our platform has grown. We encourage our partners to co-market, pursue joint sales initiatives, and drive broader
adoption  of  our  technology,  helping  us  grow  our  business  more  efficiently  and  enabling  us  to  focus  our  resources  on  continued  innovation  and  further
enhancement of our solutions.

We work closely with our network of third-party SI partners to facilitate new sales and implementations of both our subscription services and self-
managed products. Our partnerships with leading SI partners allow us to increase efficiency and scale while reducing customer implementation costs. We
continue to invest time and resources to increase the number of qualified consultants employed by our SI partners, develop relationships with new partners in
existing and new markets, and ensure that all SI partners are qualified to assist with implementing our services and products. We believe this model will
continue to serve us well, and we intend to continue to expand our network of partners and the number of certified consultants with whom we work so we
can leverage our SI partners more effectively, especially for future subscription migrations and implementations.

We  face  a  number  of  risks  in  the  execution  of  our  strategy,  including  risks  related  to  expanding  to  new  markets,  managing  lengthy  sales  cycles,
competing effectively in the global market, relying on sales to a relatively small number of large customers, developing new or acquiring existing services
and  products  successfully,  migrating  our  business  towards  a  subscription  model  with  ratable  revenue  recognition,  increasing  the  overall  adoption  of  our
services and products, and cost-effectively managing the infrastructure of our cloud-based customers. In response to these and other risks we might face, we
continue to invest in many areas of our business, including product development, cloud operations, implementation services and sales and marketing.

COVID-19 Impact

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic, which has continued to spread throughout the United
States and the world and has resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to contain the virus, including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines,
shelter-in-place orders, and business limitations and shutdowns. While we are unable to accurately predict the full impact that COVID-19 will have on our
results  of  operations,  financial  condition,  liquidity,  and  cash  flows  due  to  numerous  uncertainties,  including  the  duration  and  severity  of  the  pandemic,
containment measures, and if there are periods of increases in the number of COVID-19 cases or future variants of the virus in areas in which we operate,
our compliance with containment measures has impacted our day-to-day operations and could continue to disrupt our business and operations, as well as that
of our key customers, SI partners, vendors, and other counterparties, for an indefinite period of time. To support the health and well-being of our employees,
customers, SI partners and communities, a vast majority of our employees are working remotely. In addition, many of our existing and potential

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customers are working remotely, which may continue to delay the timing of new orders and professional services engagements in the future.

Our  business  and  financial  results  since  the  third  fiscal  quarter  of  2020  have  been  impacted  due  to  these  disruptions,  including  decreases  in  ARR
growth rates, services revenue and margins, operating cash flow and the change in fair value of strategic investments. ARR and revenue, especially services
revenue, continued to be impacted in fiscal year 2021 as a result of the challenges related to our compliance with government-mandated or recommended
shelter-in-place orders in jurisdictions in which we, our customers, SI partners and vendors operate.

Although vaccines are making progress against the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and certain other parts of the world where vaccinations
are widely available, the economic impact of the pandemic on our business and the businesses of our customers, SI partners, and vendors may continue into
fiscal year 2022, if not longer. We believe that new sales activities are being delayed, not cancelled, and implementation engagements are being rescheduled
to later periods or being completed over a longer period of time. Certain marketing events have or will be cancelled or postponed, while the majority are
being hosted virtually, like our customer conference, Connections. Our customers may be unable to pay or may request amended payment terms for their
outstanding invoices due to the economic impacts from COVID-19, and we may need to increase our accounts receivable allowances. A decrease in orders
in  a  given  period  could  negatively  affect  our  revenues  and  ARR  in  future  periods,  particularly  if  experienced  on  a  sustained  basis,  because  a  substantial
proportion of our new software subscription services orders is recognized as revenue over time. Also, the pandemic’s global economic impact could affect
our customers’ DWP, which could ultimately impact our revenue as we generally price our services and products based on the amount of DWP that will be
managed by our platform. Additionally, we may be required to record impairment related to our operating lease assets, investments, long-lived assets, or
goodwill.

In response to the pandemic, various government programs have been announced which provide financial relief to affected businesses. As an example,
the Canadian Government enacted the Canada emergency Wage Subsidy (“CEWS”) under their COVID-19 Economic Response Plan to prevent layoffs and
help employers offset, for a limited time, a portion of their employee salaries and wages. Beginning in January 2021, we have applied for the CEWS, to the
extent we met the requirements to receive a subsidy, and recorded a reduction of compensation expense of approximately $3 million that is reflected in cost
of revenue and operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations during fiscal year 2021. We will continue to review and apply for additional
subsidies or relief, where applicable.

We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business.

Key Business Metrics

We use certain key metrics and financial measures not prepared in accordance with GAAP to evaluate and manage our business, including ARR and

Free Cash Flow. For a further discussion of how we use key metrics and certain non-GAAP financial measures, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Annual Recurring Revenue (“ARR”)

We  use  ARR  to  quantify  the  annualized  recurring  value  outlined  in  active  customer  contracts  at  the  end  of  a  reporting  period. ARR  includes  the
annualized recurring value of term licenses, subscription agreements, support contracts, and hosting agreements based on customer contracts, which may not
be  the  same  as  the  timing  and  amount  of  revenue  recognized.  All  components  of  the  licensing  and  other  arrangements  that  are  not  expected  to  recur
(primarily perpetual licenses and professional services) are excluded. In some arrangements with multiple performance obligations, a portion of recurring
license and support or subscription contract value is allocated to services revenue for revenue recognition purposes, but does not get allocated for purposes
of  calculating  ARR.  This  revenue  allocation  only  impacts  the  initial  term  of  the  contract.  This  means  that  as  we  increase  arrangements  with  multiple
performance obligations that include services at discounted rates, more of the total contract value will be recognized as services revenue, but our reported
ARR amount will not be impacted. In fiscal year 2021, the recurring license and support or subscription contract value recognized as services revenue was
$5.5 million.

If a customer contract contains invoicing amounts that increase over the contract term, then ARR reflects the annualized invoicing amount outlined in
the contract for the current reporting period. For example, given a contract with annual invoicing of $1.0 million at the beginning of year one, $2.0 million at
the beginning of year two, and $3.0 million at the beginning of year three, and the reporting period is subsequent to year two invoicing and prior to year
three invoicing, the reported ARR for that contract would be $2.0 million.

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As of July 31, 2021, ARR was $582 million, or $575 million based on currency exchange rates as of July 31, 2020. We measure ARR on a constant
currency basis during the fiscal year and revalue ARR at year end to current currency rates. ARR grew in fiscal year 2021 by 13%, or 12% on a constant
currency basis.

Free Cash Flow

We monitor our free cash flow, as a key measure of our overall business performance, which enables us to analyze our financial performance without
the  effects  of  certain  non-cash  items  such  as  depreciation,  amortization,  and  stock-based  compensation  expenses.  Additionally,  free  cash  flow  takes  into
account  the  impact  of  changes  in  deferred  revenue,  which  reflects  the  receipt  of  cash  payment  for  services  and  products  before  they  are  recognized  as
revenue,  and  unbilled  accounts  receivable,  which  reflects  revenue  that  has  been  recognized  that  has  yet  to  be  invoiced  to  our  customers.  Our  net  cash
provided by (used in) operating activities is significantly impacted by the timing of invoicing and collections of accounts receivable, the timing and amount
of  annual  bonus  payments,  as  well  as  payroll  and  tax  payments.  Our  capital  expenditures  consist  of  purchases  of  property  and  equipment,  primarily
computer hardware, software, leasehold improvements, and capitalized software development costs. In the third fiscal quarter of 2020, free cash flow was
impacted  by  a  $9.9  million  partial  early  bonus  payout,  which  correspondingly  resulted  in  lower  bonus  payments  in  the  first  fiscal  quarter  of  2021.  This
partial  early  bonus  payout  was  approved  by  our  board  of  directors  in  order  to  support  our  employees  and,  in  turn,  their  local  economies  during  the
extraordinary situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first fiscal quarter of 2022, we will pay the entire bonus amount for fiscal year 2021 along
with accrued vacation for U.S. employees, as we have announced a move to an unlimited vacation policy. The build out and furnishing of our corporate
headquarters in San Mateo, California impacted free cash flow by $11.1 million for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020. The build out and furnishing of our
new offices in Mississauga, Canada and Dublin, Ireland impacted free cash flow by a total of $15.6 million for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021. For a
further discussion of our operating cash flows, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Cash Flows.”

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Purchases of property and equipment
Capitalized software development costs

Free cash flow

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

111,587 
(19,008)
(9,846)
82,733 

$

$

113,066 
(21,377)
(4,283)
87,406 

$

$

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. Accounting policies, methods, and estimates are an integral part of the
preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  GAAP  and,  in  part,  are  based  upon  management’s  current  judgments.  Those
judgments are normally based on knowledge and experience with regard to past and current events and assumptions about future events. Certain accounting
policies, methods, and estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to our consolidated financial statements and because of the possibility
that future events affecting them may differ markedly from management’s current judgments. While there are a number of significant accounting policies,
methods,  and  estimates  affecting  our  consolidated  financial  statements,  which  are  described  in  Note  1  “The  Company  and  a  Summary  of  Significant
Accounting Policies and Estimates” to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our revenue recognition policies
are critical to the periods presented.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition requires judgment and the use of estimates, especially in identifying and evaluating the various non-standard terms and conditions

in our contracts with customers as to their effect on reported revenue.

Our  revenue  is  derived  from  contracts  with  customers.  The  majority  of  our  revenue  is  derived  from  subscriptions  to  our  cloud  services,  licensing
arrangements for our software, and implementation and other professional services arrangements. We account for revenue in accordance with Accounting
Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The core principle of ASC 606 is to recognize revenue upon the transfer
of services or products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those services or products. We
apply  a  five-step  framework  to  recognize  revenue  as  described  in  our  Revenue  Recognition  policy  included  in  Note  1  of  our  consolidated  financial
statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Our customers have significant negotiating power during the sales process, which can and does result in terms and conditions that are different from our
standard  terms  and  conditions.  When  terms  and  conditions  of  our  customer  contracts  are  not  standard,  certain  negotiated  terms  may  require  significant
judgment in order to determine the appropriate revenue recognition in accordance with ASC 606.

The estimates and assumptions requiring significant judgment under our revenue policy in accordance with ASC 606 are as follows:

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If  the  contract  contains  a  single  performance  obligation,  the  entire  transaction  price  is  allocated  to  the  single  performance  obligation.  Contracts  that
contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price
(“SSP”)  in  relation  to  the  total  fair  value  of  all  performance  obligations  in  the  arrangement.  Some  of  our  performance  obligations,  such  as  support,
implementation services, and training services, have observable inputs that are used to determine the SSP of those distinct performance obligations. Where
SSP  is  not  directly  observable,  we  determine  the  SSP  using  information  that  may  include  market  conditions  and  other  observable  inputs.  In  the
circumstances when available information to determine SSP is highly variable or uncertain, such as for our term licenses, we will use the residual method.

The majority of our contracts contain multiple performance obligations, such as when licenses are sold with support, implementation services or training
services. As customers enter into a subscription agreement to migrate from an existing term license agreement, customers may be under contract for self-
managed licenses and support, in addition to subscription services, for a period of time, which may require an allocation of the transaction price to each
performance obligation. Additionally, contract modifications for services and products that are distinct but are not priced commensurate with their SSP or are
not distinct from the existing contract may affect the initial transaction price or the allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the
contract. In such cases, revenue recognized may be adjusted.

Changes from Prior Periodic Reports

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have revised our disclosures to comply with SEC Release No. 33-10825, “Modernization of Regulation S-K
Items  101,  103,  and  105.”  In  addition,  we  have  early  adopted  the  changes  in  the  disclosure  standards  included  in  SEC  Release  No.  33-10890,
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Selected Financial Data, Supplementary Financial Information.”

Modernization of Regulation S-K Items 101, 103, and 105

The  SEC  issued  Release  No.  33-10825,  “Modernization  of  Regulation  S-K  Items  101,  103,  and  105,”  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning
subsequent  to  November  2020.  This  release  was  adopted  to  modernize  the  description  of  business,  legal  proceedings,  and  risk  factor  disclosures  that
registrants  are  required  to  make  pursuant  to  Regulation  S-K.  Specifically,  this  release  requires  registrants  to  provide  disclosures  relating  to  their  human
capital resources and to restructure their risk factor disclosures. Additionally, the release increases the threshold for disclosure of environmental proceedings
to which the government is a party.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Selected Financial Data, and Supplementary Financial Information

The  SEC  issued  Release  No.  33-10890  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis,  Selected  Financial  Data,  Supplementary  Financial  Information”
which became fully effective on August 9, 2021. This release was adopted to modernize, simplify, and enhance certain financial disclosure requirements in
Regulation S-K. Specifically, the SEC eliminated the requirement for selected financial data, only requiring quarterly disclosure when there are retrospective
changes affecting comprehensive income, and amending the matters required to be presented under Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) to,
among other things, eliminate the requirement of the contractual obligations table.

With our adoption of this release, we have eliminated from this document the items discussed above that are no longer required. Information on our
contractual  obligations  is  still  disclosed  in  narrative  form  within  the  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of
Operations” in Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 “The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements in
Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a full description of recent accounting pronouncements adopted, including the dates of adoption,
which is incorporated herein by reference.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our results of operations for the years presented. The data has been derived from the consolidated financial statements
contained  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  which,  in  the  opinion  of  our  management,  reflect  all  adjustments,  consisting  only  of  normal  recurring
adjustments, necessary to fairly present the financial position and results of operations for the fiscal years presented. The operating results for any period
should not be considered indicative of results for any future period.

Revenue:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total revenue

Cost of revenue:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total cost of revenue

Gross profit:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total gross profit

Operating expenses:

Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Total operating expenses
Income (loss) from operations
Interest income
Interest expense
Other income (expense), net
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Net income (loss)

Comparison of the Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2021 and 2020

Revenue

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

As a % of Total
Revenue

2020

As a % of Total
Revenue

(in thousands except percentages)

$

$

252,358 
303,792 
187,117 
743,267 

164,983 
10,569 
199,502 
375,054 

87,375 
293,223 
(12,385)
368,213 

219,494 
160,544 
93,759 
473,797 
(105,584)
7,395 
(18,711)
12,619 
(104,281)
(37,774)
(66,507)

34 % $
41 
25 
100 

22 
1 
27 
50 

12 
39 
(2)
49 

30 
22 
13 
65 
(16)
1 
(3)
2 
(16)
(7)
(9)% $

203,473 
331,554 
207,280 
742,307 

117,158 
11,566 
209,291 
338,015 

86,315 
319,988 
(2,011)
404,292 

200,575 
142,420 
85,183 
428,178 
(23,886)
24,705 
(17,945)
(7,205)
(24,331)
2,867 
(27,198)

27 %
45 
28 
100 

16 
2 
28 
46 

11 
43 
— 
54 

27 
19 
11 
57 
(3)
3 
(2)
(1)
(3)
— 
(3)%

We  derive  our  revenue  primarily  from  delivering  cloud-based  services,  licensing  our  software  applications,  providing  support,  and  delivering

professional services.

 
 
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Subscription and Support

A  growing  portion  of  our  revenue  consists  of  fees  for  our  subscription  services,  which  are  generally  priced  based  on  the  amount  of  DWP  that  is
managed  by  our  subscription  services.  Subscription  revenue  is  recognized  ratably  over  the  term  of  the  arrangement,  beginning  at  the  point  in  time  our
provisioning process has been completed and access has been made available to the customer. The initial term of such arrangements is generally from three
to  five  years.  Subscription  agreements  contain  optional  annual  renewals  commencing  upon  the  expiration  of  the  initial  contract  term.  A  majority  of  our
subscription  customers  are  billed  annually  in  advance.  In  some  arrangements  with  multiple  performance  obligations,  a  portion  of  recurring  subscription
contract  value  may  be  allocated  to  license  revenue  or  services  revenue  for  revenue  recognition  purposes.  For  example,  in  arrangements  with  multiple
performance obligations that include services at discounted rates, a portion of the total contract value related to subscription services will be allocated and
recognized as services revenue.

Our support revenue is generally recognized ratably over the committed support term of the licensed software. Our support fees are typically priced as

a fixed percentage of the associated term license fees. We generally invoice support annually in advance.

License

A substantial majority of our license revenue consists of term license fees. Our term license revenue is primarily generated through license fees that are
billed annually in advance during the term of the contract, including any renewals. Our term license fees are generally priced based on the amount of DWP
that will be managed by our licensed software. Our term licenses have generally been sold under a two-year initial term with optional annual renewals after
the initial term. However, we do enter into license arrangements that have an initial term of more than two years and renewal terms of more than one year.
Term license revenue for the committed term of the customer agreement is generally fully recognized upon delivery of the software or at the beginning of the
renewal term.

In a limited number of cases, we license our software on a perpetual basis. Perpetual license revenue is generally recognized upon delivery. We invoice

our perpetual license customers either in full at contract signing or on an installment basis.

Services

Our services revenue is primarily derived from implementation services performed for our customers, reimbursable travel expenses, and training fees.

A substantial majority of our services engagements are billed and recognized on a time and materials basis upon providing our services.

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

 Change

Amount

% of total
revenue

Amount

% of total
revenue

($)

(%)

(in thousands, except percentages)

$

$

168,649 
83,709 

303,309 
483 
187,117 
743,267 

23 % $
11 

119,658 
83,815 

16 % $
11 

48,991 
(106)

41 
— 
25 
100 % $

328,489 
3,065 
207,280 
742,307 

44 
1 
28 
100 % $

(25,180)
(2,582)
(20,163)
960 

41 %
— 

(8)
(84)
(10)

— %

Revenue:

Subscription and support:

Subscription
Support

License:

Term license
Perpetual license

Services

Total revenue

Subscription and Support

We  anticipate  subscriptions  will  continue  to  represent  a  majority  of  new  arrangements,  including  customers  migrating  from  existing  term  license
arrangements  to  subscription  services,  in  future  periods.  Due  to  the  ratable  recognition  of  subscription  revenue,  growth  in  subscription  revenue  will  lag
behind the growth of subscription orders and will impact the comparative growth of our reported revenue. If we complete a higher percentage of subscription
arrangements  in  a  given  period,  our  short-term  growth  rates  will  be  negatively  impacted.  Due  to  the  seasonal  nature  of  our  business,  the  impact  of  new
subscription orders in the fourth fiscal quarter, our historically largest quarter for new orders, is not reflected in revenues until the following fiscal year.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Subscription revenue increased by $49.0 million, compared to the prior year, primarily due to the impact of new subscription services agreements for

InsuranceSuite via Guidewire Cloud entered into and provisioned since July 31, 2020.

License  support  revenue  was  flat,  compared  to  the  prior  year.  Support  related  to  subscription  arrangements  is  included  in  subscription  revenue,  as
support is not quoted or priced separately from the subscription services. As customers enter into a subscription agreement to migrate from an existing term
license agreement, the timing and amount of revenue recognized will be impacted by allocations of the total contract value between the license, subscription,
and support performance obligations. As a result, we expect the increase in subscription orders as a percentage of total new sales and customers migrating
from term licenses to subscription services will continue to reduce the growth in, or result in lower, support revenue in the future.

License

Revenue related to new term licenses and multi-year term license renewals is generally recognized upfront and, as a result, no additional license revenue
is recognized until after the committed term expires. As a customer enters into a subscription agreement to migrate from an existing term license agreement,
the timing and amount of revenue recognition will be impacted by allocations of total contract value between license, subscription, and support performance
obligations. License revenue growth has and will be negatively impacted as subscription sales increase as a percentage of total new sales and as customers
migrate from term licenses to subscription services instead of renewing their term licenses.

Term license revenue decreased by $25.2 million, compared to the prior year, primarily driven by lower revenue from new term licenses of $12.4
million and term license renewals of $12.3 million. Included in these amounts is the impact of term license contracts with an initial term of greater than two
years or a renewal term of greater than one year. The impact on term license revenue from contracts that deviated from our standard contract durations was
$23.4 million in fiscal year 2021 compared with $37.6 million in the prior year.

Perpetual license revenue decreased by $2.6 million, compared to the prior year, and accounted for less than 1% of total revenue in fiscal year 2021.
We expect perpetual license revenue to continue to represent a small percentage of our total revenue. Perpetual license revenue may potentially be volatile
across periods due to the large amount of perpetual revenue that may be generated from a single customer order.

Services Revenue

Services  revenue  decreased  $20.2  million,  compared  to  the  prior  year.  The  decrease  is  primarily  driven  by  contracts  with  lower  average  services
billing rates and increased investments in customer implementations to accelerate their transition to the cloud, and to a lesser extent a $6.8 million reduction
in revenue from billable travel costs due to travel restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic during fiscal year 2021.

We expect modestly higher levels of variability in our services revenue in future periods. As we successfully leverage our SI partners to lead more
implementations, our services revenue could decrease further. We expect challenges related to COVID-19 will also continue to negatively impact services
revenue. As we continue to expand into new markets and develop new services and products, we have, and may continue to, enter into contracts with lower
average  billing  rates,  make  investments  in  customer  implementation  and  migration  engagements,  and  enter  into  fixed  price  contracts,  which  may  impact
services revenue and services margins.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Our cost of subscription and support revenue consists of personnel costs for our cloud operations and technical support teams, cloud infrastructure
costs, development of online training curriculum, amortization of our intangible assets, and royalty fees paid to third parties. Our cost of license revenue
primarily  consists  of  development  of  online  training  curriculum,  royalty  fees  paid  to  third  parties,  and  amortization  of  our  intangible  assets.  Our  cost  of
services revenue primarily consists of personnel costs for our professional service employees, third-party contractors, and travel-related costs. In instances
where we have primary responsibility for the delivery of services, subcontractor fees are expensed as cost of services revenue. In each case, personnel costs
include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation.

We  allocate  overhead  such  as  information  technology  support,  information  security,  facilities,  and  other  administrative  costs  to  all  functional

departments based on headcount. As such, these general overhead expenses are reflected in cost of revenue and each functional operating expense.

Table of Contents

Cost of Revenue:

Cost of revenue:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total cost of revenue

Includes stock-based compensation of:

Cost of subscription and support revenue
Cost of license revenue
Cost of services revenue

Total

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

Change

Amount

% of total
revenue

Amount

% of total
revenue

($)

(%)

(In thousands, except percentages)

$

$

$

$

164,983 
10,569 
199,502 
375,054 

11,231 
770 
21,809 
33,810 

22 % $

1 
27 
50 % $

$

$

117,158 
11,566 
209,291 
338,015 

7,575 
769 
20,816 
29,160 

16 % $

2 
28 
46 % $

47,825 
(997)
(9,789)
37,039 

41 %
(9)
(5)

11 %

$

$

3,656 
1 
993 
4,650 

Cost of subscription and support revenue increased by $47.8 million primarily due to increases of $33.1 million in personnel costs due to our continued
investment  in  our  cloud  operations  to  increase  operational  efficiency  and  scale  and  $16.3  million  in  cloud  infrastructure  costs  for  our  growing  cloud
customer base. The increase in personnel costs is net of a $1.6 million benefit related to CEWS received in fiscal year 2021.

Due to our growth in cloud operations, new cloud-based customers, and increased usage from existing cloud-based customers, the costs to provide our
subscription services increased. We expect our cost of subscription revenue to increase as we continue to invest in our cloud operations and incur higher
cloud  infrastructure  costs  to  support  our  growing  cloud  customer  base,  to  improve  efficiencies,  and  to  continuously  improve  and  maintain  secure
environments. However, we believe that the cost of subscription revenue will grow at a slower rate than subscription revenue in future years as we achieve
economies  of  scale  and  other  efficiencies.  Cost  of  support  revenue  is  expected  to  remain  flat  or  slightly  decrease  over  time  as  term  license  customers
transition to the cloud. The short-term impact of these trends along with mix within subscription and support revenue may result in a decline in subscription
and support gross margin even though subscription and support gross profit increases in absolute dollars.

The $1.0 million decrease in our cost of license revenue was primarily attributable to decreases in amortization of acquired intangible assets of $1.3
million,  partially  offset  by  costs  associated  with  the  development  of  online  training  curriculum  included  with  the  latest  releases  of  InsuranceSuite.  We
continue to anticipate lower cost of license revenue over time as our term license customers transition to cloud subscription agreements.

The $9.8 million decrease in cost of services revenue was primarily attributable to decreases of $8.2 million in billable subcontractor expenses, $7.4
million in employee and third party consultant travel-related costs resulting from COVID-19 travel restrictions, and $1.0 million in professional services,
general office and software costs, partially offset by an increase of $6.9 million in personnel-related costs mainly due to higher bonus attainment based on
company performance. The increase in personnel-related costs is net of a $0.4 million benefit related to the CEWS received in fiscal year 2021.

We  had  600  cloud  operations  and  technical  support  employees  and  657  professional  service  employees  at  July  31,  2021  compared  to  378  cloud
operations  and  technical  support  employees  and  758  professional  services  employees  at  July  31,  2020.  In  fiscal  year  2020,  certain  professional  services
employees supported our cloud operations and research and development activities, and the related personnel costs were reflected within cost of subscription
revenue  and  research  and  development  expense.  Since  July  31,  2020,  approximately  115  employees  have  been  transferred  from  professional  services  to
cloud operations and research and development to support the growth in our cloud customers.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Gross Profit

Gross profit:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total gross profit

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

Change

Amount

margin %

Amount

margin %

($)

(%)

(In thousands, except percentages)

$

$

87,375 
293,223 
(12,385)
368,213 

35 % $
97 
(7)
50 % $

86,315 
319,988 
(2,011)
404,292 

42 % $
97 
(1)
54 % $

1,060 
(26,765)
(10,374)
(36,079)

1 %
(8)
516 

(9)%

Our gross profit decreased $36.1 million compared to the prior year. Gross profit was impacted by the decrease in term license revenue due to lower
impact of multi-year term license arrangements entered into in fiscal year 2021 compared to fiscal year 2020 and decreases in professional services revenue
driven by contracts with lower average services billing rates and increased investment in implementation engagements.

Our gross margin decreased to 50% in fiscal year 2021, as compared to 54% in fiscal year 2020. Gross margin was impacted by lower subscription and
support gross margins resulting from increasing investments in cloud operations and lower services gross margin resulting from contracts with lower average
services billing rates and investments in implementation engagements.

We  expect  subscription  and  support  gross  margins  will  fluctuate  as  our  subscription  revenue  increases  and  we  continue  to  invest  in  our  cloud
operations. However, as we gain efficiencies and increase the number of cloud customers, we expect subscription gross margins to improve over time. In
addition to the impact of our investment in customer migrations and implementations, challenges related to COVID-19 may negatively impact services gross
margin beyond this fiscal year. We expect license gross margin will fluctuate based on changes in revenue due to the timing of delivery of new multi-year
term licenses and the execution of multi-year term license renewals, as cost of license revenue is expected to be relatively consistent with prior years in the
future. Overall, we expect gross margins to decline in the short-term primarily due to the mix between license revenue and subscription and support revenue.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. The largest components of
our operating expenses are personnel costs for our employees and, to a lesser extent, professional services. In each case, personnel costs include salaries,
bonuses,  commissions,  benefits,  and  stock-based  compensation.  We  allocate  overhead  such  as  information  technology  support,  information  security,
facilities, and other administrative costs to all functional departments based on headcount. As a result, general overhead expenses are reflected in cost of
revenue and each functional operating expense.

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

 Change

Amount

% of total
revenue

Amount

% of total
revenue

($)

(%)

(In thousands, except percentages)

$

$

$

$

219,494 
160,544 
93,759 
473,797 

29,524 
25,820 
25,855 
81,199 

30 % $
22 
13 
65 % $

200,575 
142,420 
85,183 
428,178 

27 % $
19 
11 
57 % $

$

$

26,324 
21,260 
25,073 
72,657 

$

$

18,919 
18,124 
8,576 
45,619 

3,200 
4,560 
782 
8,542 

9 %

13 
10 

11 %

Operating expenses:

Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Total operating expenses

Includes stock-based compensation of:

Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative

Total

Research and Development

Our research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel costs for our technical staff and consultants providing professional services.

The $18.9 million increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to increases of $17.6 million in personnel costs associated with
higher  headcount  and  bonus  attainment  that  is  based  on  company  performance  in  fiscal  year  2021,  $2.6  million  of  cloud  infrastructure  costs  for  our
development  environments,  and  $0.8  million  in  professional  services  costs  for  consultants  that  support  the  development  of  our  subscription  offerings,
information security requirements and cloud strategy. The increase in personnel costs is net of a $1.2 million benefit related to the CEWS received in fiscal
2021. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in travel costs of $2.1 million due to COVID-19 travel restrictions.

Our research and development headcount was 853 as of July 31, 2021 compared with 809 as of July 31, 2020.

We expect our research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we continue to hire and dedicate internal resources to develop,
improve, and expand the functionality of our solutions and migrating our solutions to the cloud. Research and development expenses may also increase if we
pursue additional acquisitions.

Sales and Marketing

Our  sales  and  marketing  expenses  primarily  consist  of  personnel  costs  for  our  sales  and  marketing  employees.  Included  in  our  personnel  costs  are
commissions, which are considered contract acquisition costs and are capitalized when earned and expensed over the anticipated period of time that goods
and services are expected to be provided to a customer, which we estimate is to be approximately five years. Sales and marketing expenses also includes
travel expenses, professional services for marketing activities, and amortization of certain acquired intangibles.

The $18.1 million increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to increases of $23.0 million in personnel costs due to higher headcount
to sell and market our services and products, including an increase of $3.5 million related to the net effect of the capitalization and amortization of contract
acquisition costs (primarily commissions), and $1.0 million in professional services costs to assist in the development of business strategies and customer
success alliances. The increase in personnel costs is net of a $0.2 million benefit related to the CEWS received in fiscal year 2021. These increases were
partially offset by decreases of $5.3 million in travel costs due to COVID-19 travel restrictions, $0.7 million in marketing and advertising costs mainly due
to  the  hosting  of  Connections  Reimagined  as  a  series  of  virtual  events  in  fiscal  year  2021  compared  to  an  in-person  event  in  fiscal  year  2020,  and  $0.7
million due to lower amortization of acquired intangible assets.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Our sales and marketing headcount was 426 as of July 31, 2021 compared with 399 as of July 31, 2020.

We expect our sales and marketing expenses to continue to increase in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in sales and marketing activities to
support our business growth and objectives. Additionally, we anticipate that Connections will be an in-person event in the future, supplemented by virtual
content, which may contribute to an increase in sales and marketing expenses.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses include executive, finance, human resources, legal, and corporate development and strategy functions, and

primarily consist of personnel costs, as well as professional services.

The $8.6 million increase in our general and administrative expenses was primarily due to increases of $7.0 million in personnel-related costs due to
higher  headcount  and  bonus  attainment  that  is  based  on  company  performance  and  $1.3  million  increase  in  software  and  professional  services  costs  to
support our growth and remote environment.

Our general and administrative headcount was 406 as of July 31, 2021 compared with 346 as of July 31, 2020. General and administrative headcount
includes  personnel  in  information  technology  support,  information  security,  facilities,  and  recruiting  whose  costs  are  allocated  across  all  functional
departments.

We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in personnel, corporate infrastructure,

and systems required to support our strategic initiatives, the growth of our business, and our compliance and reporting obligations.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest income
Interest expense
Other income (expense), net

Interest Income

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021
Amount

2020
Amount
(In thousands, except percentages)

($)

Change

(%)

$
$
$

7,395  $
(18,711) $
12,619  $

24,705  $
(17,945) $
(7,205) $

(17,310)
(766)
19,824 

(70)%
4 %
275 %

Interest income represents interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and investments.

Interest income decreased by $17.3 million in fiscal year 2021, primarily due to lower yields on invested funds and, to a lesser extent, lower funds

available for investment due to our share repurchase program.

Interest Expense

Interest expense includes both stated interest and the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs associated with the $400.0 million aggregate
principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes. The amortization of debt discount and issuance costs are recognized on an effective interest basis. Stated
interest expense is consistent in the comparative periods as the outstanding principal and stated interest rate have not changed.

Interest expense for fiscal years 2021 and 2020 consist of non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs of

$13.6 million and $12.9 million, respectively, and stated interest of $5.0 million in both periods.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net includes foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on monetary asset and
monetary liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity in which they are recorded. Our monetary
assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  currencies  in  other  than  the  functional  currency  of  the  entity  in  which  they  are  recorded  consist  primarily  of  trade
accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable and intercompany receivables and payables. We currently have entities with a functional currency of the
Argentine Peso, Australian Dollar, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Danish Kroner, Euro, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen, Malaysian Ringgit,
New Zealand Dollar, Polish Zloty, Russian Ruble, and Swiss Franc.

Other income (expense), net in fiscal year 2021 was income of $12.6 million, compared to expense of $7.2 million in fiscal year 2020, which included
a  $10.7  million  reduction  in  fair  value  of  one  of  our  strategic  investments.  Excluding  the  effect  of  the  reduction  in  strategic  investment  fair  value,  other
income increased $9.1 million primarily due to gains from exchange rate movements on monetary assets and monetary liabilities denominated in currencies
other than the functional currency of the entity in which they were recorded.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Provision for (benefit from) Income Taxes

We are subject to taxes in the United States as well as other tax jurisdictions and countries in which we conduct business. Earnings from our non-U.S.

activities are subject to local country income tax and may be subject to current U.S. income tax.

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021
Amount

2020
Amount

($)
(In thousands, except percentages)

Change

(%)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
Effective tax rate

$

(37,774)

$

36 %

2,867 

$

(12)%

(40,641)

(1,418)%

We recognized an income tax benefit of $37.8 million for fiscal year 2021 compared to an income tax provision of $2.9 million for fiscal year 2020.
The increase in our income tax benefit for fiscal year 2021 was primarily due to an increase in pre-tax net loss, the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax
position, and the impact related to the tax status change of certain foreign subsidiaries for U.S. tax purposes, partially offset by an increase in the valuation
allowance.

As of July 31, 2021, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $10.9 million that, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate as certain unrecognized

tax benefits have a valuation allowance.

The effective tax rate of 36% for fiscal year 2021 differs from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate of 21% mainly due to permanent differences
for stock-based compensation, including excess tax benefits, the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position, research and development credits, the tax
status change of certain foreign subsidiaries, change in valuation allowance, and certain non-deductible expenses including executive compensation.

Comparison of the Fiscal Years Ended July 31, 2020 and 2019

Refer to Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations located in our 10-K for the fiscal year ended
July 31, 2020, filed on September 28, 2020, for the discussion of the comparison of the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 to the fiscal year ended July 31,
2019, the earliest of the three fiscal years presented in the consolidated financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Quarterly Results of Operations

Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate significantly due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, making our results
of  operations  variable  and  difficult  to  predict.  Such  factors  include  those  discussed  above  and  those  set  forth  in  “Risk  Factors—Risks  Related  to  our
Business and Industry—We may experience significant quarterly and annual fluctuations in our results of operations due to a number of factors” and “Risk
Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—Seasonal sales patterns may cause significant fluctuations in our results of operations and cash flows
and may prevent us from achieving our quarterly or annual forecasts, which may cause our stock price to decline” in Item 1A of Part I of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K. One or more of these factors may cause our results of operations to vary widely. As such, we believe that our quarterly results of operations
may vary significantly in the future and that sequential quarterly comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful and should not be relied
upon as an indication of future performance.

Table of Contents

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In  addition  to  the  key  business  metrics  presented  above,  we  believe  that  the  following  non-GAAP  financial  measures  provide  useful  information  to
management  and  investors  regarding  certain  financial  and  business  trends  relating  to  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  Management  uses
these  non-GAAP  measures  to  compare  our  performance  to  that  of  prior  periods  for  trend  analysis,  for  purposes  of  determining  executive  and  senior
management incentive compensation and for budgeting and planning purposes. We believe that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides an
additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing our financial results with other software companies
because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance and assists in comparisons with other companies, many of which present
similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors. However, our management does not consider these non-GAAP measures in isolation or as an alternative
to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.

The  non-GAAP  financial  information  is  presented  for  supplemental  informational  purposes  only,  should  not  be  considered  a  substitute  for  financial
information presented in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from similarly-titled non-GAAP measures used by other companies. The principal
limitation  of  these  non-GAAP  financial  measures  is  that  they  exclude  significant  expenses  and  income  that  are  required  by  GAAP  to  be  recorded  in  our
financial statements. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgment by management about which expenses and
income are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures. We urge investors to review the reconciliation of non-GAAP financial
measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures included herein and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate the Company’s business.

The following table reconciles the specific items excluded from GAAP in the calculation of non-GAAP financial measures for the periods indicated

below:

Gross profit reconciliation:
GAAP gross profit
Non-GAAP adjustments:

Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles

   COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit

(1)

Non-GAAP gross profit

Income (loss) from operations reconciliation:
GAAP income (loss) from operations
Non-GAAP adjustments:

Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles

   COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit

(1)

Non-GAAP income (loss) from operations

Net income (loss) reconciliation:
GAAP net income (loss)
Non-GAAP adjustments:

Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs
Changes in fair value of strategic investment
COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit
Tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments

(2)

(3)

(1)

Non-GAAP net income (loss)

Tax provision (benefit) reconciliation:
GAAP tax provision (benefit)
Non-GAAP adjustments:

Stock-based compensation

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020
2021

368,213  $

404,292 

33,810 
13,175 
(1,975)
413,223  $

29,160 
19,221 
— 
452,673 

(105,584) $

(23,886)

115,009 
19,965 
(3,396)
25,994  $

101,817 
26,834 
— 
104,765 

(66,507) $

(27,198)

115,009 
19,965 
13,617 
— 
(3,396)
(37,379)
41,309  $

(37,774) $

(20,979)

101,817 
26,834 
12,886 
10,672 
— 
(19,243)
105,768 

2,867 

16,453 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Table of Contents

Amortization of intangibles
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs
Changes in fair value of strategic investment
COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit
Tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments

(2)

(3)

(1)

Non-GAAP tax provision (benefit)

Net income (loss) per share reconciliation:
GAAP net income (loss) per share – diluted
Non-GAAP adjustments:

Stock-based compensation
Amortization of intangibles
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs
Changes in fair value of strategic investment
COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit
Tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments
Non-GAAP dilutive shares excluded from GAAP net income (loss) per share calculation

(2)

(1)

(3)

(4)

Non-GAAP net income (loss) per share – diluted

Shares used in computing Non-GAAP income (loss) per share amounts:
GAAP weighted average shares – diluted

Non-GAAP dilutive shares excluded from GAAP income (loss) per share calculation

(4)

Pro forma weighted average shares – diluted

$

$

$

(4,220)
(2,555)
— 
(135)
65,268 

(395) $

(0.79) $

1.39 
0.25 
0.16 
— 
(0.04)
(0.45)
(0.03)
0.49  $

4,334 
2,080 
1,418 
— 
(5,042)
22,110 

(0.33)

1.23 
0.33 
0.16 
0.13 
— 
(0.23)
(0.03)
1.26 

83,577,375 
805,747 
84,383,122 

82,855,392 
834,002 
83,689,394 

(1) Effective the second fiscal quarter of 2021, the COVID-19 Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy benefit was included as a non-GAAP adjustment. Prior to the second fiscal quarter of 2021, this
program was not available.
(2) Effective the third fiscal quarter of 2020, changes in fair value of strategic investments are excluded from non-GAAP measures. Prior to the third fiscal quarter of 2020, there were no changes
in fair value of strategic investments in any periods presented.
(3) Adjustments reflect the impact on the tax benefit (provision) resulting from all non-GAAP adjustments.
(4) Due to the occurrence of a net loss on a GAAP basis, potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the calculation of GAAP net income (loss) per share, as they would have an anti-dilutive
effect. However, these shares have a dilutive effect on non-GAAP net income (loss) per share and, therefore, are included in the non-GAAP net income (loss) per share calculation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are as follows (in thousands):

Cash, cash equivalents, and investments
Working capital

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

$
$

1,346,591 
1,054,971 

$
$

1,434,267 
1,118,020 

Our cash equivalents are comprised of liquid investments with remaining maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase, primarily commercial
paper  and  money  market  funds.  Our  investments  primarily  consist  of  corporate  debt  securities,  U.S.  government  and  agency  debt  securities,  commercial
paper, asset-backed securities, and non-U.S. government securities, which include state, municipal and foreign government securities.

As of July 31, 2021, approximately $58.7 million of our cash and cash equivalents were domiciled in various foreign jurisdictions. While we have no
current plans to repatriate these funds to the United States, we may repatriate foreign earnings in the future to the extent that the repatriation is not restricted
by local laws or there are no substantial incremental costs associated with such repatriation.

Share Repurchase Program

In October 2020, our board of directors authorized and approved a stock repurchase program of up to $200.0 million of our outstanding common stock.

During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, we repurchased 1,488,991 shares of common stock

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at an average price of $109.17 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $162.5 million. As of July 31, 2021, $37.5 million remained available for future
share repurchases.

Cash Flows

Our cash flows from operations are significantly impacted by timing of invoicing and collections of accounts receivable, annual bonus payments, as
well as payments of payroll, commissions, payroll taxes, and other taxes. We expect that we will continue to generate positive cash flows from operations on
an annual basis, although this may fluctuate significantly on a quarterly basis. In particular, we typically use more cash during the first fiscal quarter ended
October 31, as we generally pay cash bonuses to our employees for the prior fiscal year during that period and seasonally higher sales commissions from
increased  customer  orders  booked  in  our  fourth  fiscal  quarter  of  the  prior  year.  Additionally,  our  capital  expenditures  may  fluctuate  depending  on  future
office build outs and development activities subject to capitalization.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.
Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities, the
timing and extent of our spending to support our research and development efforts, investments in cloud infrastructure and operating costs, and expansion
into other markets. We also may invest in or acquire complementary businesses, applications or technologies, or may expand our board-authorized stock
repurchase program, which may require the use of significant cash resources and/or additional financing.

The following summary of cash flows for the periods indicated has been derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this

Annual Report on Form 10-K (in thousands):

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

$
$
$

111,587  $
64,191  $
(159,387) $

113,066 
(5,801)
4,955 

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $1.5 million in fiscal year 2021 as compared to fiscal year 2020. The decrease in operating cash
was  primarily  attributable  to  a  $55.7  million  increase  in  net  loss  after  excluding  the  impact  of  non-cash  charges  such  as  deferred  taxes,  stock-based
compensation expense, depreciation and amortization expense, change in fair value of our strategic investments, and other non-cash items, partially offset by
a $54.2 million increase in cash provided by working capital activity as compared to the prior year.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net  cash  provided  by  investing  activities  increased  by  $70.0  million  in  fiscal  year  2021  as  compared  to  fiscal  year  2020.  The  increase  in  net  cash
provided by investing activities was primarily due to an increase of $73.4 million in net cash flows from marketable securities transactions and lower office
build out costs of $2.4 million after completing the build out and furnishing of our corporate headquarters in San Mateo, California in fiscal year 2020, offset
by a $5.6 million increase in capitalized cloud software development costs and a $0.2 million increase related to strategic investments.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities increased by $164.3 million in fiscal year 2021 as compared to fiscal year 2020. The increase in net cash used in
financing  activities  was  due  to  $161.3  million  of  repurchased  common  stock  under  our  share  repurchase  program  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  a  decrease  in
proceeds from option exercises of $3.0 million

Contractual Obligations

Our estimated future obligations consist of leases, royalties, purchase obligations, debt, and unrecognized tax benefits as of July 31, 2021. Refer to
Note 8 “Commitments and Contingencies” and Note 10 “Income Taxes” to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form
10-K for more information.

 
 
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Through July 31, 2021, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as
structured  finance  or  special  purpose  entities,  which  would  have  been  established  for  the  purpose  of  facilitating  off-balance  sheet  arrangements  or  other
contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position
due  to  adverse  changes  in  financial  market  prices  and  rates.  Our  market  risk  exposure  is  primarily  a  result  of  fluctuations  in  interest  rates  and  foreign
currency exchange rates. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our cash, cash equivalents, and investments as of July 31, 2021, and 2020.
Our cash, cash equivalents, and investments as of July 31, 2021 and 2020 were $1,346.6 million and $1,434.3 million, respectively, and consisted primarily
of cash, money market funds, corporate debt securities, U.S. government and agency debt securities, commercial paper, asset-backed securities and non-U.S.
government  securities,  which  include  state,  municipal,  and  foreign  government  securities.  Changes  in  U.S.  interest  rates  affect  the  interest  earned  on  our
cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and the market value of those securities. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would
have resulted in a decrease of $5.2 million and $5.6 million in the market value of our available-for-sale securities as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Any realized gains or losses resulting from such interest rate changes would only occur if we sold the investments prior to maturity.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  are  subject  to  fluctuations  due  to  changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates,  particularly  changes  in  the
Argentine Peso, Australian Dollar, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Danish Kroner, Euro, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen, Malaysian Ringgit,
New  Zealand  Dollar,  Polish  Zloty,  Russian  Ruble,  and  Swiss  Franc,  the  currency  of  the  locations  within  which  we  currently  operate.  The  volatility  of
exchange  rates  depends  on  many  factors  that  we  cannot  forecast  with  reliable  accuracy.  We  believe  our  operating  activities  act  as  a  natural  hedge  for  a
substantial portion of our foreign currency exposure because we typically collect revenue and incur costs in the currency of the location in which we provide
our  services.  However,  our  relationships  with  our  customers  are  long-term  in  nature  so  it  is  difficult  to  predict  if  our  operating  activities  will  provide  a
natural hedge in the future. Additionally, changes in foreign currency exchange rates can affect our financial results due to transaction gains or losses related
to  revaluing  certain  monetary  asset  and  monetary  liability  balances  that  are  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the  functional  currency  of  the  entity  in
which they are recorded. Our monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity in which they are
recorded consist primarily of trade accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable and intercompany receivables and payables. The movement in foreign
currency  exchange  rates  has  resulted  in  a  $9.0  million  increase  in  other  income  (expense),  net.  We  will  continue  to  experience  fluctuations  in  foreign
currency exchange rates. If a hypothetical ten percent change in foreign exchange rates were to occur in the future, the resulting transaction gain or loss
would  be  approximately  $18.9  million.  As  our  international  operations  grow,  we  will  continue  to  assess  our  approach  to  managing  our  risk  relating  to
fluctuations in currency rates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We do not have material exposure to market risk with respect to investments in financial instruments, as our investments primarily consist of highly
liquid  investments  purchased  with  a  remaining  maturity  of  three  years  or  less.  We  do  not  use  derivative  financial  instruments  for  speculative  or  trading
purposes. However, this current position does not preclude our adoption of specific hedging strategies in the future.

Our  strategic  investments  in  privately  held  securities  are  in  various  classes  of  equity  and  convertible  debt  that  may  have  different  rights  and
preferences. The particular securities we hold, and their rights and preferences relative to those of other securities within the capital structure, may impact
the magnitude by which our investment value moves in relation to movements in the total enterprise value of the company in which we are invested. As a
result, our investment in a specific company may move by more or less than any change in value of that overall company. In addition, the financial success
of our investment in any company is typically dependent on a liquidity event, such as a public offering, acquisition, or other favorable

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market  event  reflecting  appreciation  to  the  cost  of  our  investment.  All  of  our  investments,  particularly  those  in  privately  held  companies,  are  therefore
subject to a risk of partial or total loss of invested capital.

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Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplemental Data

GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The supplementary financial information required by this Item 8 is included in Item 7 under the caption “Quarterly Results of Operations.”

58
60
61
62
63
64
65

 
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To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Guidewire Software, Inc.:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Guidewire Software, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of July 31, 2021 and 2020,
the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year
period ended July 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting as of July 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of July
31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended July 31, 2021, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting  as  of  July  31,  2021  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting,
and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Annual  Report  on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on
the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public  Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial
statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness
exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing
such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being
made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or
timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  that  was
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated
financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not
alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below,
providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Evaluation of revenue related to software licensing arrangements and subscriptions to cloud services with non-standard terms

As  discussed  in  Notes  1  and  2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  revenue  was  derived  principally  from  software  licensing  arrangements,
subscriptions to cloud services, and implementation and other professional services. The Company recognized total revenue of $743.3 million for the
year ended July 31, 2021. The Company’s software licensing arrangements generally have a two-year initial term and subscriptions to cloud services
generally have a three-to five-year term, with a customer option to renew on an annual basis after the initial term. Consideration for software licensing
arrangements and subscriptions to cloud services is typically billed in advance on an annual basis over the term.

We  identified  the  evaluation  of  revenue  from  software  licensing  arrangements  and  subscriptions  to  cloud  services  with  non-standard  terms  and
conditions  as  a  critical  audit  matter.  Significant  auditor  judgment  was  required  to  evaluate  the  Company’s  assessment  of  the  impact  on  revenue
recognition  of  non-standard  terms  and  conditions,  specifically,  the  identification  and  evaluation  of  the  accounting  impact  of  contract  modifications
related  to  software  licensing  term  extensions,  and  arrangements  that  provide  a  customer  with  the  ability  to  transition  from  a  software  licensing
arrangement to a subscription to cloud services during the contractual term.

The  following  are  the  primary  procedures  we  performed  to  address  this  critical  audit  matter.  We  evaluated  the  design  and  tested  the  operating
effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the critical audit matter. This included controls related to the identification and evaluation of software
licensing arrangements and subscriptions to cloud services with non-standard terms and conditions. We tested certain software licensing arrangements
and subscriptions to cloud services by reading the underlying customer agreements and evaluating the Company’s assessment of the contractual terms
and  conditions  in  accordance  with  revenue  recognition  requirements.  Specifically,  this  included  an  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  identification  and
assessment of non-standard terms and conditions that could give rise to special accounting consideration.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006.

Santa Clara, California
September 24, 2021

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GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except for share data)

July 31,
2021

July 31,
2020

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,057 and $1,276, respectively
Unbilled accounts receivable, net
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets

Long-term investments
Unbilled accounts receivable, net
Property and equipment, net
Operating lease assets
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Deferred tax assets, net
Other assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable
Accrued employee compensation
Deferred revenue, net
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Lease liabilities
Convertible senior notes, net
Deferred revenue, net
Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share—500,000,000 shares authorized as of July 31, 2021 and
2020; 83,194,157 and 83,461,925 shares issued and outstanding as of July 31, 2021 and 2020,
respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)
Total stockholders’ equity

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$

$

$

$

$

384,910  $
734,517 
104,068 
79,061 
52,729 
1,355,285 
227,164 
24,361 
80,061 
97,447 
19,743 
340,877 
138,428 
38,479 
2,321,845  $

27,830  $
102,137 
138,699 
31,648 
300,314 
115,374 
343,825 
7,237 
10,201 
776,951 

8  $

1,617,204 
(6,218)
(66,100)
1,544,894 
2,321,845  $

366,969 
766,527 
114,242 
49,491 
45,989 
1,343,218 
300,771 
34,737 
65,235 
103,797 
39,708 
340,877 
101,565 
34,944 
2,364,852 

22,634 
58,547 
118,311 
25,706 
225,198 
119,408 
330,208 
14,685 
18,585 
708,084 

8 
1,499,050 
(5,246)
162,956 
1,656,768 
2,364,852 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
Table of Contents

Revenue:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total revenue

Cost of revenue:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total cost of revenue

Gross profit:

Subscription and support
License
Services

Total gross profit

Operating expenses:

Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Total operating expenses
Income (loss) from operations

Interest income
Interest expense
Other income (expense), net

GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

$

$

$

$

252,358  $
303,792 
187,117 
743,267 

203,473  $
331,554 
207,280 
742,307 

164,983 
10,569 
199,502 
375,054 

87,375 
293,223 
(12,385)
368,213 

219,494 
160,544 
93,759 
473,797 
(105,584)
7,395 
(18,711)
12,619 
(104,281)
(37,774)
(66,507) $

(0.79) $

(0.79) $

117,158 
11,566 
209,291 
338,015 

86,315 
319,988 
(2,011)
404,292 

200,575 
142,420 
85,183 
428,178 
(23,886)
24,705 
(17,945)
(7,205)
(24,331)
2,867 
(27,198) $

(0.33) $

(0.33) $

150,474 
320,272 
248,768 
719,514 

73,597 
7,700 
243,053 
324,350 

76,877 
312,572 
5,715 
395,164 

188,541 
130,751 
74,401 
393,693 
1,471 
30,182 
(17,334)
(1,867)
12,452 
(8,280)
20,732 

0.25 

0.25 

83,577,375 

83,577,375 

82,855,392 

82,855,392 

81,447,998 

82,681,214 

Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share:

Basic

Diluted

Shares used in computing net income (loss) per share:

Basic

Diluted

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
 
 
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GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands)

Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation adjustments
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains (losses) included in net income (loss)

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss)

$

$

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

(66,507) $

(27,198) $

2019

1,779 
(4,746)
872 
1,123 
(972)
(67,479) $

518 
2,138 
(669)
632 
2,619 
(24,579) $

20,732 

(1,841)
2,956 
(573)
(552)
(10)
20,722 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except for share data)

Balance as of July 31, 2018

Net income (loss)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs
Stock-based compensation
Cancellation of common stock for Cyence acquisition
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
Reclassification adjustment for realized gain (loss) on available-for-sale
securities, included in net income (loss)
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") (Topic 606)

Balance as of July 31, 2019

Net income (loss)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs
Stock-based compensation
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
Reclassification adjustment for realized gain (loss) on available-for-sale
securities, included in net income (loss)
Adoption of ASU 2018-02

Balance as of July 31, 2020

Net income (loss)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs
Stock-based compensation
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
Reclassification adjustment for realized gain (loss) on available-for-sale
securities, included in net income (loss)

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Common stock

$

$

$

Shares
80,611,698 
— 
301,901 
1,276,252 
— 
(48,968)
— 
— 

— 
— 
82,140,883 
— 
132,573 
1,188,469 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
83,461,925 
— 
53,932 
1,167,291 
— 
(1,488,991)
— 
— 

— 
83,194,157 

$

Amount

8 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
8 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
8 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
8 

$

$

$

$

$

$

Additional
paid-in
capital
1,296,380 
— 
3,954 
— 
91,570 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
1,391,904 
— 
4,955 
— 
102,191 
— 
— 

— 
— 
1,499,050 
— 
1,932 
— 
116,222 
— 
— 
— 

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income (loss)

(7,748)
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(1,841)
2,383 

(552)
— 
(7,758)
— 
— 
— 
— 
518 
1,469 

632 
(107)
(5,246)
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,779 
(3,874)

$

$

$

Retained Earnings
124,976 
$
20,732 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

$

$

— 
44,339 
190,047 
(27,198)
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
107 
162,956 
(66,507)
— 
— 
— 
(162,549)
— 
— 

— 
1,617,204 

$

$

1,123 
(6,218)

$

— 
(66,100)

$

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

1,413,616 
20,732 
3,954 
— 
91,570 
— 
(1,841)
2,383 

(552)
44,339 
1,574,201 
(27,198)
4,955 
— 
102,191 
518 
1,469 

632 
— 
1,656,768 
(66,507)
1,932 
— 
116,222 
(162,549)
1,779 
(3,874)

1,123 
1,544,894 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
 
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GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income (loss)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

$

(66,507)

$

(27,198)

$

Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs
Amortization of contract costs
Stock-based compensation
Changes to allowance for credit losses and revenue reserves
Deferred income tax
Amortization of premium (accretion of discount) on available-for-sale securities, net
Changes in fair value of strategic investments
Other non-cash items affecting net income (loss)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Unbilled accounts receivable
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Operating lease assets
Accounts payable
Accrued employee compensation
Deferred revenue
Lease liabilities
Other liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of available-for-sale securities
Sales of available-for-sale securities
Maturities of available-for-sale securities
Purchases of property and equipment
Capitalized cloud software development costs
Acquisition of strategic investments

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options
Repurchase and retirement of common stock

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—Beginning of period

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—End of period
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income taxes, net of tax refunds
Accruals for purchase of property and equipment
Accruals for capitalized cloud software development costs
Accrual for shares repurchased

36,955 
13,617 
11,442 
115,009 
226 
(35,789)
6,567 
— 
863 

10,820 
(19,194)
(16,764)
6,350 
3,627 
41,526 
12,940 
(3,346)
(6,755)
111,587 

(1,033,095)
123,234 
1,005,290 
(19,008)
(9,846)
(2,384)
64,191 

1,932 
(161,319)
(159,387)
1,550 
17,941 
366,969 
384,910 

5,000 
4,155 
1,676 
845 
1,230 

$

$
$
$
$
$

42,641 
12,886 
9,892 
101,817 
367 
(11,859)
(1,882)
10,672 
739 

23,878 
(38,125)
(18,564)
(10,784)
(1,209)
(15,624)
1,165 
18,678 
15,576 
113,066 

(1,280,755)
134,050 
1,168,720 
(21,377)
(4,283)
(2,156)
(5,801)

4,955 
— 
4,955 
648 
112,868 
254,101 
366,969 

5,000 
4,888 
343 
406 
— 

$

$
$
$
$
$

$

$
$
$
$
$

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

20,732 

39,953 
12,194 
5,515 
91,516 
670 
(13,998)
(7,757)
— 
189 

(15,057)
(17,341)
(21,766)
— 
(5,521)
13,825 
(9,628)
— 
22,600 
116,126 

(1,209,312)
77,204 
879,532 
(44,921)
(3,936)
— 
(301,433)

3,954 
— 
3,954 
(1,686)
(183,039)
437,140 
254,101 

5,036 
4,557 
10,763 
298 
— 

 
 
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GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

Company

Guidewire Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was incorporated on September 20, 2001. Guidewire Software, Inc., together with its subsidiaries
(the  “Company”),  provides  a  technology  platform  which  combines  core  operations,  digital  engagement,  analytics,  and  artificial  intelligence  (“AI”)
applications. The Company’s technology platform supports core insurance operations, including underwriting and policy administration, claim management
and billing; insights into data that can improve business decision making; and digital sales, service and claims experiences for policyholders, agents, and
other key stakeholders. The Company’s customers are primarily property and casualty insurance carriers.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
of America (“GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements and notes include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and reflect all adjustments
(all  of  which  are  normal  and  recurring  in  nature)  that,  in  the  opinion  of  management,  are  necessary  for  a  fair  presentation  of  the  periods  presented.  All
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassification

Beginning  with  the  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  fiscal  year  2020,  the  Company  changed  the  presentation  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations  for  revenue  and  cost  of  revenue  to  include  subtotals  for  “subscription  and  support,”  “license,”  and  “services.”  The  Company's  previous
presentation included subtotals for “license and subscription,” “maintenance” (now referred to as “support”), and “services”. Accordingly, fiscal year 2019
amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation in the Company's consolidated financial statements. Additionally, certain prior
period amounts within operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Use of Estimates

The  preparation  of  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and
assumptions  about  future  events  that  affect  the  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  reported,  disclosures  about  contingent  assets  and  liabilities,  and  reported
amounts of revenue and expenses. Significant items subject to such estimates include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, the useful lives of property
and equipment and intangible assets, accounts receivable allowances, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation, annual bonus
attainment,  income  tax  uncertainties,  fair  value  of  convertible  senior  notes  and  investments,  valuation  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets,  fair  value  of
acquired assets and assumed liabilities, software development costs to be capitalized, leases, and contingencies. These estimates and assumptions are based
on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions using historical experience and other factors;
however, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is their respective local currency. The Company translates all assets and liabilities of
foreign subsidiaries to U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate as of the applicable balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average
exchange rate prevailing during the period in which the transactions occur. The effects of foreign currency translations are recorded in accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Transaction gains and losses
that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the recording entity are included in
other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash and highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase.

Cash equivalents primarily consist of commercial paper and money market funds.

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Investments

Management  determines  the  appropriate  classification  of  investments  at  the  time  of  purchase  based  upon  management’s  intent  with  regard  to  such

investments. All investments in the periods presented have been classified as available-for-sale.

The Company classifies investments as short-term when they have remaining contractual maturities of one year or less from the balance sheet date, and
as long-term when the investments have remaining contractual maturities of more than one year from the balance sheet date. Investments are recorded at fair
value with unrealized holding gains and losses, net of taxes, generally included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Unrealized losses related
to the credit worthiness of an investment, if any, are recorded in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the

estimated useful lives of the assets. Maintenance and repairs that do not extend the life or improve an asset are expensed in the period incurred.

The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:

Computer hardware
Purchased software
Equipment and machinery
Furniture and fixtures
Leasehold improvements

Software Development Costs

3 years
3 years
3 to 5 years
5 years
Shorter of 10 years or remaining lease term

Certain  development  costs  related  to  software  delivered  to  customers  (“self-managed  software”)  incurred  subsequent  to  the  establishment  of
technological feasibility are subject to capitalization and amortized over the estimated lives of the related services or products. Technological feasibility is
established upon completion of a working model. Costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility have not been material and,
therefore, all software development costs related to self-managed software have been charged to research and development expense in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations as incurred.

The  Company  capitalizes  software  development  costs  for  technology  applications  that  the  Company  will  offer  solely  as  cloud-based  subscriptions,
which is primarily comprised of compensation for employees who are directly associated with cloud software development projects. The Company begins to
capitalize costs when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, it is probable
that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended. If any of these criteria cease being met before the software reaches its intended
use,  any  capitalized  costs  related  to  the  project  will  be  impaired.  When  the  software  reaches  its  intended  use  which  is  typically  once  the  technology
applications are available for general release, capitalized costs are amortized to cost of revenue over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, generally
estimated to be three to five years. Costs incurred prior to meeting these capitalization criteria and costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed
as incurred and recorded in research and development expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Capitalized software development
costs are recorded in property and equipment in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Leases

On August 1, 2019, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842: Leases
(“ASC 842”) using the modified retrospective transition approach by applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. Under
ASC 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the agreement. If an arrangement is determined to be a lease, an operating
lease  asset,  also  known  as  a  right-of-use  asset,  and  lease  liability  are  recorded  based  on  the  present  value  of  lease  payments  over  the  lease  term.  In
connection with determining the present value of the lease payments, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of
commencement, including non-lease components that are fixed throughout the lease term. Variable components of the lease payments such as utilities and
maintenance costs, are expensed as incurred and not included in determining the present value of the lease liability. As the Company's leases generally do
not provide an implicit rate, the Company's incremental borrowing rate, calculated based on available information at the lease commencement date, is used
in  determining  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments.  The  Company's  incremental  borrowing  rate  is  a  hypothetical  rate  based  on  the  Company's
understanding of its credit rating. The Company's lease term used to calculate the lease liability and operating lease asset

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includes options to extend or terminate the lease if it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise that option. Operating lease assets also include any
lease payments made prior to commencement and are recorded net of any lease incentives received. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over
the lease term and is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations in each of the cost of revenue and operating expense categories.

The  Company  also  enters  into  agreements  to  sublease  unoccupied  office  space.  Any  sublease  payments  received  in  excess  of  the  straight-line  rent

expense related to the subleased space are recorded as an offset to operating expenses over the sublease term.

Operating leases are included in operating lease assets, other current liabilities, and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Intangible Assets, and Goodwill

The  Company  evaluates  its  long-lived  assets,  consisting  of  property  and  equipment,  operating  lease  assets,  and  intangible  assets,  for  indicators  of
possible impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of certain assets may not be recoverable. Impairment exists
if the carrying amount of such assets exceed the estimates of future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by such assets. Should impairment
exist, the impairment loss would be measured based on the excess carrying amount of the assets over the estimated fair value of the assets.

The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually, during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, and in the interim whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely
than  not  that  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  single  reporting  unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  amount  as  a  basis  for  determining  whether  it  is  necessary  to
perform the goodwill impairment test. In performing the qualitative assessment, the Company considers events and circumstances, including, but not limited
to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, changes in management or key personnel,
changes in strategy, changes in customers, changes in the composition or carrying amount of a reporting unit’s net assets, and changes in the price of the
Company’s common stock. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair
value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, then the goodwill impairment test is not performed. There have been no goodwill impairments
during the periods presented.

Convertible Senior Notes

In March 2018, the Company issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2025 (the “Convertible Senior
Notes”).  The  Company  accounts  for  the  liability  and  equity  components  of  the  issued  Convertible  Senior  Notes  separately.  The  carrying  amount  of  the
equity  component,  representing  the  conversion  option,  was  determined  by  deducting  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  from  the  par  value  of  the
Convertible Senior Notes as a whole. This difference represents a debt discount that is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over
the term of the Convertible Senior Notes. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability
that does not have an associated convertible feature. The liability and equity components will not be remeasured as long as the conversion option continues
to meet the requirements for equity classification. The equity component is net of issuance costs and recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Business Combinations

The Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to assign fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the
acquisition date. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to
the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed.  The  Company’s  estimates  of  fair  value  are  based  upon  assumptions  believed  to  be  reasonable,  but  which  are
inherently uncertain and subject to refinement and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which may be up to
one year from the acquisition date, if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, the Company may
record adjustments to the fair value of these assets and liabilities, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period
or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, subsequent adjustments, if any, are recorded to the
Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial  instruments  that  potentially  subject  the  Company  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  of  cash,  cash  equivalents,  investments,  accounts
receivable, and unbilled accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents, and investments with high quality financial institutions. The
Company is exposed to credit risk for cash held in

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financial institutions in the event of a default to the extent that such amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheets are in excess of amounts that are
insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

No customer individually accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. As of July 31,

2021 and July 31, 2020, no customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

    Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts and do not bear interest. While the Company does not require collateral, the Company performs
ongoing credit evaluations of its customers. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses based upon the expected collectability of its accounts
receivable.  The  expectation  of  collectability  is  based  on  historical  loss  patterns,  the  number  of  days  that  billings  are  past  due,  and  an  evaluation  of  the
potential risk of loss associated with delinquent accounts. Credit losses are recorded in general and administrative expense while billing and other revenue
adjustments are recorded against the corresponding revenue financial statement line item in the consolidated statements of operations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is derived from contracts with customers. The majority of the Company’s revenue is derived from subscriptions to its cloud
services, licensing arrangements for its software, and implementation and other professional services arrangements. The Company accounts for revenue in
accordance  with  Accounting  Standards  Codification  606,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (“ASC  606”).  The  core  principle  of  ASC  606  is  to
recognize revenue upon the transfer of services or products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in
exchange for those services or products.

The Company applies the following framework to recognize revenue:

Identification of the contract, or contracts, with the customer

The Company considers the terms and conditions of written contracts and its customary business practices in identifying its contracts. The Company
determines it has a contract with a customer when the contract is approved, the Company can identify each party’s rights regarding the services and products
to be transferred, the Company can identify the payment terms for the services and products, the Company has determined that the customer has the ability
and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. In general, contract terms will be reflected in a written document that is signed by both parties.
At contract inception, the Company evaluates whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract. The Company also
evaluates the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the
case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

Contracts  may  be  modified  to  account  for  changes  in  contract  scope  or  price.  The  Company  considers  contract  modifications  to  exist  when  the
modification either creates new rights or obligations or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations of either party. Contract modifications for
services  and  products  that  are  distinct  from  the  existing  contract  and  are  priced  commensurate  with  their  standalone  selling  price  are  treated  as  separate
contracts, and are accounted for prospectively. Contract modifications for services and products that are distinct but are not priced commensurate with their
standalone selling price or are not distinct from the existing contract may affect the initial transaction price or the allocation of the transaction price to the
performance obligations in the contract. In such cases, recognized revenue may be adjusted.

Identification of the performance obligation in the contract

Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services or products that will be transferred to the customer that are both:

i.

capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service or product either on its own or together with other resources that are
readily available from the Company or third parties, and

ii. distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services or products is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

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To  the  extent  a  contract  includes  multiple  promised  services  or  products,  the  Company  applies  judgment  to  determine  whether  promised  services  or
products are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised services or products are accounted
for as a combined performance obligation.

The Company generates revenue from the following sources, which represent the performance obligations of the Company:

i.

Subscription services related to the Company’s Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) offerings, including hosting;

ii. Support  activities  that  consist  of  email  and  phone  support,  bug  fixes,  and  unspecified  software  updates  and  upgrades  released  when,  and  if,

available during the support term;

iii. Self-managed software licenses related to term or perpetual agreements; and

iv. Services related to the implementation and configuration of the Company’s services and products, reimbursable travel, and training.

Subscriptions are typically sold with a three- to five-year initial term with a customer option to renew on an annual basis after the initial term. Term
licenses  generally  have  a  two-year  initial  term  with  a  customer  option  to  renew  on  an  annual  basis  after  the  initial  term.  In  certain  circumstances,  the
Company will enter into term licenses with an initial term of more than two years or a renewal period longer than one year. Support for term licenses follows
the same contract periods. Professional services typically are time and materials contracts that last for an average period of approximately one year.

Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring services and
products  to  the  customer.  Consideration  may  vary  due  to  discounts,  incentives,  and  potential  service  level  credits  or  contractual  penalties.  Variable
consideration  is  estimated  and  included  in  the  transaction  price  if,  in  the  Company’s  judgment,  it  is  probable  that  there  will  not  be  a  significant  future
reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract.

Self-managed  software  licenses  and  subscription  services  may  be  subject  to  either  fixed  or  variable  installments.  Variable  installments  are  generally
subject to changes in a customer’s Direct Written Premium (“DWP”) or a customer’s Gross Written Premium (“GWP”). When consideration is subject to
variable installments, the Company estimates variable consideration using the expected value method based on historical DWP or GWP usage to the extent
that a significant revenue reversal is not probable to occur. When consideration is subject to a customer termination right, the Company estimates the total
transaction price using the most likely method, and defers consideration associated with the customer’s termination right until it expires.

The Company elected the practical expedient to evaluate whether a significant financing component exists when the contract term is greater than one
year and the timing of revenue recognition occurs in advance of invoicing. This timing difference occurs when control of the software license is transferred
at a point in time, usually at the contract onset, but the customer payments occur over time. A significant financing component generally does not exist under
the Company’s standard contracting and billing practices. For example, the Company’s typical time-based licenses have a two-year initial term with the final
payment due at the end of the first year and the Company’s typical subscription services are generally billed in advance of providing the services.

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If  the  contract  contains  a  single  performance  obligation,  the  entire  transaction  price  is  allocated  to  the  single  performance  obligation.  Contracts  that
contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price
(“SSP”)  in  relation  to  the  total  fair  value  of  all  performance  obligations  in  the  arrangement.  The  majority  of  the  Company’s  contracts  contain  multiple
performance obligations, such as when licenses are sold with support, implementation services, or training services. Additionally, as customers enter into
subscription  agreements  to  migrate  from  an  existing  term  license  agreement,  customers  may  be  under  contract  for  self-managed  licenses  and  support,  in
addition to subscription services, for a period of time, which may require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation. Some of the
Company’s performance obligations, such as support, implementation services, and training services, have observable inputs that are used to determine the
SSP of those distinct performance obligations. Where SSP is not directly observable, the Company determines the SSP using information that may include
market conditions and other observable inputs. In the circumstances when available information to determine SSP is highly variable or uncertain, such as for
our term licenses, the Company will use the residual method.

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

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The Company recognizes revenue when control of the services or products are transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the
Company  expects  to  be  entitled  to  in  exchange  for  those  services  or  products.  The  Company  is  principally  responsible  for  the  satisfaction  of  its  distinct
performance obligations, which are satisfied either at a point in time or over a period of time.

Performance obligations satisfied at a point in time

Self-managed  term  and  perpetual  software  licenses  comprise  the  majority  of  distinct  performance  obligations  that  are  satisfied  at  a  point  in  time.
Revenue is recognized at the point in which the self-managed software licenses are made available to a customer. Consideration for self-managed software
licenses is typically billed in advance on an annual basis over the license term.

Performance obligations satisfied over a period of time

Subscriptions, support activities, and professional service arrangements comprise the majority of distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over

a period of time.

Revenue from subscription arrangements is recognized ratably over the subscription period using a time-based measure of progress as customers receive
the benefits from their subscriptions over the contractually agreed-upon term. The Company’s subscription arrangements are generally three to five years in
duration. Consideration for subscription arrangements is typically billed in advance on an annual basis over the contract period.

Revenue from support activities associated with self-managed licenses is a stand-ready obligation, which is generally recognized over the contractually
agreed-upon term using a time-based measure of progress as customers receive benefits from the availability of support technicians over the support period.
Consideration  for  support  activities  is  typically  billed  in  advance  on  an  annual  basis.  The  Company’s  support  activities  are  consistently  priced  as  a
percentage of the associated self-managed software license.

Revenue from professional service arrangements is recognized over the service period as the underlying services are performed.

In  substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  professional  service  contracts,  services  are  separately  identifiable  performance  obligations  for  which  related
revenue and costs are recognized according to when each service obligation is delivered. Substantially all professional services engagements are billed and
recognized  on  a  time  and  materials  basis.  In  select  situations,  the  Company  will  contract  professional  services  on  a  fixed  fee  basis,  where  the  Company
generally recognizes services revenue over time, using an input method. The measure of progress of the professional services being provided under these
fixed fee arrangements is based on hours incurred compared to estimates of the total hours to complete the performance obligation.

When  professional  services  are  sold  with  a  self-managed  license  or  subscription  arrangement,  the  Company  evaluates  whether  the  performance
obligations are distinct or separately identifiable, or whether they constitute a single performance obligation. In the limited cases where professional services
are not considered to be distinct from the self-managed license or subscription services, the Company will recognize revenue based on the nature and term of
the combined performance obligation when control of the combined performance obligation is transferred to the customer.

Balance Sheet Presentation

Contracts with customers are reflected in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:

• Accounts receivable, net represents amounts billed to customers in accordance with contract terms for which payment has not yet been received. It

is presented net of the allowances as part of current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

• Unbilled accounts receivable, net represents amounts that are unbilled due to agreed-upon contractual terms in which billing occurs subsequent to
revenue recognition. This situation typically occurs when the Company transfers control of self-managed software licenses to customers up-front,
but invoices customers annually over the term of the license. Unbilled accounts receivable is classified as either current or non-current based on the
duration of remaining time between the date of the consolidated balance sheets and the anticipated due date of the underlying receivables. Unbilled
accounts receivable is evaluated for credit losses based upon the expected collectibility of future accounts receivable, customer payment history,
global  economic  conditions,  and  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  customers.  Unbilled  accounts  receivable  is  presented  net  of  allowance  for  credit
losses, if applicable, in the consolidated balance sheets. This balance represents contract assets.

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•

Contract costs include customer acquisition costs, which consist primarily of sales commissions paid to sales personnel and their related payroll
taxes  and  referral  fees  paid  to  third-parties,  and  costs  to  fulfill  a  contract,  which  consist  primarily  of  royalties  payable  to  third-party  software
providers that support both the Company’s software offerings and support services. The short-term portion is presented as prepaid and other current
assets. The long-term portion is presented as other assets.

• Deferred costs represent costs related to our professional services that have been deferred to align with revenue recognition. The short-term portion

is presented as prepaid and other current assets. The long-term portion is presented as other assets.

• Deferred  revenue,  net  represents  amounts  that  have  been  invoiced  and  for  which  the  Company  has  the  right  to  bill,  but  that  have  not  been
recognized as revenue because the related services or products have not been transferred to the customer. Deferred revenue that will be realized
during the 12-month period following the date of the consolidated balance sheets is recorded as current. The remaining deferred revenue is recorded
as non-current. This balance represents contract liabilities.

The  Company  may  receive  consideration  from  its  customers  in  advance  of  performance  on  a  portion  of  the  contract  and,  on  another  portion  of  the
contract,  perform  in  advance  of  receiving  consideration.  Contract  assets  and  liabilities  related  to  rights  and  obligations  in  a  contract  are  interdependent.
Therefore,  contract  assets  and  liabilities  are  presented  net  at  the  contract  level,  as  either  a  single  contract  asset  or  a  single  contract  liability,  in  the
consolidated balance sheets.

Remaining performance obligations represent contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue and amounts that
will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The Company excludes amounts related to professional services contracts that are on a time
and materials basis from remaining performance obligations.

Contract Costs

Contract costs consists of two components, customer acquisition costs and costs to fulfill a contract.

Customer  acquisition  costs  are  capitalized  only  if  the  costs  are  incrementally  incurred  to  obtain  a  customer  contract  and  the  expected  amortization
period is greater than one year. Contract costs are classified as either current or non-current based on the duration of time remaining between the date of the
consolidated balance sheets and the anticipated amortization date of the associated costs. Capitalized customer acquisition costs related to software licenses,
subscriptions, and support services are amortized over the anticipated period of time that such goods and services are expected to be provided to a customer,
which the Company estimates to be approximately five years. The amortization of customer acquisition costs is classified as a sales and marketing expense
in the consolidated statement of operations.

Costs to fulfill a contract, or fulfillment costs, are only capitalized if they relate directly to a contract with a customer, the costs generate or enhance
resources that will be used to satisfy performance obligations in the future, and the costs are expected to be recoverable. Fulfillment costs would be generally
amortized  over  the  same  period  of  time  as  the  customer  acquisition  costs.  The  amortization  of  fulfillment  costs  is  classified  as  a  cost  of  revenue  in  the
consolidated statement of operations.

Warranties

The Company generally provides a warranty for its software services and products to its customers for periods ranging from three to twelve months.
The Company’s software products are generally warranted to be free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and to substantially perform
as  described  in  published  documentation.  The  Company’s  services  are  generally  warranted  to  be  performed  in  a  professional  manner  and  to  materially
conform to the specifications set forth in the related customer contract. In the event there is a failure of such warranties, the Company generally will correct
the  problem  or  provide  a  reasonable  workaround  or  replacement  product.  If  the  Company  cannot  correct  the  problem  or  provide  a  workaround  or
replacement  product,  then  the  customer’s  remedy  is  generally  limited  to  a  refund  of  the  fees  paid  for  the  non-conforming  product  or  services.  Warranty
expense has been insignificant to date.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounts incurred were not material during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

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Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the fair value method, which requires the Company to measure stock-based compensation
based  on  the  grant-date  fair  value  of  the  awards  and  recognize  the  compensation  expense  over  the  requisite  service  period.  The  Company  recognizes
compensation expense net of actual forfeitures. To date, the Company has granted or assumed stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), time-based
restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”), and restricted stock units that may be earned subject to the Company’s
total shareholder return ranking relative to the software companies in the S&P Software and Services Select Industry Index (“S&P Index”) over a specified
performance period or periods, service periods and, in select cases, subject to certain performance conditions (“TSR PSUs”). RSAs, RSUs, PSUs, and TSR
PSUs are collectively referred to as “Stock Awards.”

The fair value of the Company’s RSAs, RSUs, and PSUs is equal to the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. These
awards are subject to time-based vesting, which generally occurs over a period of four years. The Company recognizes compensation expense for awards
that contain only service conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective awards.
The Company recognizes the compensation cost for awards that contain either performance conditions, market conditions, or both using the graded vesting
method and a portion of the expense may fluctuate depending on changing estimates of the achievement of the performance conditions.

The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  stock  options  and  TSR  PSUs  are  estimated  at  the  grant  date  using  the  Black-Scholes  model  and  Monte  Carlo
simulation method, respectively. The assumptions utilized under these methods require judgments and estimates. Changes in these inputs and assumptions
could  affect  the  measurement  of  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  related  compensation  expense  of  these  stock  options  and  stock  awards.  Compensation
expense associated with TSR PSUs will be recognized over the vesting period regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately satisfied; however,
the  expense  will  be  reversed  if  a  grantee  terminates  prior  to  satisfying  the  requisite  service  period.  For  TSR  PSUs  containing  an  additional  performance
condition, a portion of the expense may fluctuate depending on estimates of the achievement of the performance conditions. All TSR PSUs will vest at the
end of a three-year period.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under this method, the Company determines deferred tax assets and liabilities on
the basis of the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax basis of existing assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in
effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. All deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current on the Company’s
consolidated balance sheets. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
enactment date. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of such deferred tax
assets  will  not  be  realized  and  is  based  on  both  positive  and  negative  evidence  about  the  future,  including  future  reversals  of  existing  taxable  temporary
differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations.

The effective tax rate in any given financial statement period may differ materially from the statutory rate. These differences may be caused by changes
in tax regulations and resulting changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance; changes in the mix and level of income or losses; changes in the expected
outcome of tax audits; permanent differences for stock-based compensation, including excess tax benefits; research and development credits; the tax rate
differences between the United States and foreign countries; foreign withholding taxes; certain non-deductible expenses, including executive compensation;
acquisition-related  expenses;  and  provisions  under  the  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs  Act  (the  “Tax  Act”),  including  a  provision  to  tax  global  intangible  low-taxed
income of foreign subsidiaries, a special deduction for foreign-derived intangible income, and a base erosion anti-abuse tax that may tax certain payments
between a U.S. corporation and its foreign subsidiaries.

The Company records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense in its consolidated statement of operations.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Intangibles,  Goodwill  and  Other  (Subtopic  350-40):  Customer’s  Accounting  for  Implementation  Costs  Incurred  in  a  Cloud  Computing

Arrangement that is a Service Contract

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation
Costs  Incurred  in  a  Cloud  Computing  Arrangement  that  is  a  Service  Contract,  which  requires  implementation  costs  incurred  in  cloud  computing
arrangements to be deferred and recognized over the term of the arrangement if those costs would be capitalized in a software licensing arrangement under
the internal-use software guidance in ASC

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350-40. On August 1, 2020 the Company adopted this ASU prospectively. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the consolidated
financial statements and related disclosures.

Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (ASU 2016-13), Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses
on Financial Instruments, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13
replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit
loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be
recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. On August 1, 2020, the Company
adopted  this  ASU  using  the  modified  retrospective  method.  The  adoption  of  this  standard  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the  consolidated  financial
statements and related disclosures.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-

40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity

In  August  2020,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2020-06,  “Debt—Debt  with  Conversion  and  Other  Options  (Subtopic  470-20)  and  Derivatives  and
Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity”, which
simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by eliminating the requirement to separate embedded conversion features from the host contract when
the conversion features are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or that do not result in substantial
premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. By removing the separation model, a convertible debt instrument will be reported as a single liability instrument
with no separate accounting for embedded conversion features. This new standard also removes certain settlement conditions that are required for contracts
to qualify for equity classification and simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculations by requiring that an entity use the if-converted method and that
the  effect  of  potential  share  settlement  be  included  in  diluted  earnings  per  share  calculations.  The  standard  will  be  effective  for  the  Company  beginning
August 1, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements but believes that it will
negatively impact its earnings per share calculations.

Other Accounting Pronouncements

Other recent accounting pronouncements that will be applicable to the Company are not expected to have a material impact on its present or future

financial statements.

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2. Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue 

by 

license 

or 

service 

type 

is 

as 

Subscription and Support

Subscription
Support

License

Term license
Perpetual license

Services

 Total revenue

Revenue by revenue type and by geography is as follows (in thousands):

2021

168,649 
83,709 

303,309 
483 
187,117 
743,267 

$

follows 

(in 
Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

thousands):

2019

119,658 
83,815 

328,489 
3,065 
207,280 
742,307 

$

65,050 
85,424 

318,142 
2,130 
248,768 
719,514 

$

United States
Canada
Other Americas

Total Americas
United Kingdom
Other EMEA

Total EMEA
Total APAC

Total revenue

United States
Canada
Other Americas

Total Americas
United Kingdom
Other EMEA

Total EMEA
Total APAC

Total revenue

Fiscal year ended July 31, 2021

Subscription and
support

License

Services

Total

$

167,920  $
35,465 
4,234 
207,619 
6,911 
20,449 
27,360 
17,379 
252,358 

180,742  $
26,214 
4,651 
211,607 
21,032 
39,553 
60,585 
31,600 
303,792 

123,498  $
13,464 
5,307 
142,269 
4,333 
29,574 
33,907 
10,941 
187,117 

472,160 
75,143 
14,192 
561,495 
32,276 
89,576 
121,852 
59,920 
743,267 

Fiscal year ended July 31, 2020

Subscription and
support

License

Services

Total

$

139,059  $
18,216 
4,454 
161,729 
6,942 
19,544 
26,486 
15,258 
203,473 

174,183  $
36,184 
6,374 
216,741 
36,185 
43,988 
80,173 
34,640 
331,554 

149,297  $
4,595 
7,780 
161,672 
5,397 
26,389 
31,786 
13,822 
207,280 

462,539 
58,995 
18,608 
540,142 
48,524 
89,921 
138,445 
63,720 
742,307 

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United States
Canada
Other Americas

Total Americas
United Kingdom
Other EMEA

Total EMEA
Total APAC

Total revenue

Fiscal year ended July 31, 2019

Subscription and
support

License

Services

Total

$

100,136  $
11,171 
4,450 
115,757 
6,844 
12,118 
18,962 
15,755 
150,474 

179,726  $
26,329 
6,576 
212,631 
21,648 
47,119 
68,767 
38,874 
320,272 

166,724  $
9,469 
7,092 
183,285 
11,504 
37,153 
48,657 
16,826 
248,768 

446,586 
46,969 
18,118 
511,673 
39,996 
96,390 
136,386 
71,455 
719,514 

No country or region other than those listed above accounted for more than 10% of revenue during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Customer Contract - Related Balance Sheet Amounts

Amounts related to customer contract-related arrangements are included on the consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

Unbilled accounts receivable, net
Contract costs, net
Deferred revenue, net

Unbilled accounts receivable

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

103,422 
42,235 
145,936 

84,228 
34,809 
132,996 

The  unbilled  accounts  receivable,  net  is  primarily  impacted  by  new  term  license  deals  and  multi-year  term  license  renewals,  less  any  current  year
billings, of approximately $11 million and, to a lesser extent, cloud subscription orders with ramped billing schedules of approximately $8 million. Revenue
from these arrangements is recognized prior to billing. Arrangements are generally billed on an annual basis over the contract term which generally ranges
from two to five years.

As of July 31, 2021 and 2020, there was no allowance for credit losses associated with unbilled accounts receivable.

Contract costs

The current portion of contract costs of $13.4 million and $9.6 million is included in prepaid and other current assets on the Company’s consolidated
balance sheets as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The non-current portion of contract costs of $28.9 million and $25.2 million is included in other
assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of July 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company amortized $11.4 million and $9.9 million of contract costs
during the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Deferred revenue

During  the  fiscal  year  ended  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  recognized  revenue  of  $116.2  million  related  to  the  Company’s  deferred  revenue  balance

reported as of July 31, 2020.

Performance Obligations

The aggregate amount of consideration allocated to performance obligations either not satisfied or partially satisfied, was approximately $844.0 million
as  of  July  31,  2021.  Subscription  services  are  typically  satisfied  over  three  to  five  years,  support  services  are  generally  satisfied  within  one  year,  and
professional  services  are  typically  satisfied  within  one  year.  Professional  services  under  time  and  material  contracts  are  not  included  in  the  performance
obligations calculations as these arrangements can be cancelled at any time.

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3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Available-for-sale investments within cash equivalents and investments consist of the following (in thousands):

U.S. Government agency securities
Commercial paper
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Foreign government bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Money market funds
Strategic convertible debt investment*

     Total
*At original cost

U.S. Government agency securities
Commercial paper
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Certificates of deposit
Money market funds
Strategic convertible debt investment*

    Total

$

$

$

Amortized Cost

Unrealized Gains

Unrealized Losses

Estimated Fair
Value

July 31, 2021

85,165  $
389,837 
371,374 
64,401 
47,925 
33,177 
1,685 
82,250 
125,118 
1,000 
1,201,932  $

15  $
— 
623 
62 
29 
10 
— 
— 
— 
— 
739  $

—  $
— 
(37)
(1)
(7)
(2)
— 
— 
— 
— 
(47) $

85,180 
389,837 
371,960 
64,462 
47,947 
33,185 
1,685 
82,250 
125,118 
1,000 
1,202,624 

Amortized Cost

Unrealized Gains

Unrealized Losses

July 31, 2020

242,153  $
222,578 
474,646 
68,332 
58,564 
56,296 
231,063 
1,000 
1,354,632  $

$
*At original cost

202  $
— 
3,448 
476 
306 
— 
— 
— 
4,432  $

Estimated Fair Value
242,274 
222,578 
478,056 
68,808 
58,870 
56,296 
231,063 
1,000 
1,358,945 

(81) $
— 
(38)
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(119) $

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The Company does not consider any portion of the unrealized losses at July 31, 2021 to be credit losses. The Company has recorded the securities at
fair value in its consolidated balance sheets, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
The amount of unrealized gains and losses reclassified into earnings are based on the specific identification of the securities sold. The realized gains and
losses from sales of securities are presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale investments measured at fair value (in thousands):

U.S. Government agency securities
Commercial paper
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Foreign government bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Money market funds
Strategic convertible debt investment

     Total

Fair Value Measurement

Less Than 12 Months

July 31, 2021
12 months or greater

Total

$

$

69,183  $
389,837 
225,384 
45,320 
9,035 
28,353 
1,480 
80,750 
125,118 
1,000 
975,460  $

15,997  $
— 
146,576 
19,142 
38,912 
4,832 
205 
1,500 
— 
— 
227,164  $

85,180 
389,837 
371,960 
64,462 
47,947 
33,185 
1,685 
82,250 
125,118 
1,000 
1,202,624 

Fair  value  is  defined  as  the  exchange  price  that  would  be  received  for  an  asset  or  an  exit  price  paid  to  transfer  a  liability  in  the  principal  or  most
advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to
measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

The Company applies the three-level valuation hierarchy when measuring the fair value of certain assets and liabilities:

Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in markets that are not active, or
other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

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Available-for-sale investments

The  following  tables  summarize  the  Company’s  available-for-sale  investments  measured  at  fair  value,  by  level  within  the  fair  value  hierarchy  (in

thousands):

Cash equivalents:

Commercial paper
Money market funds
Total cash equivalents
Short-term investments:

U.S. Government agency securities
Commercial paper
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Foreign government bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Strategic convertible debt investment
Total short-term investments

Long-term investments:

U.S. Government agency securities
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Foreign government bonds
Municipal bonds
Certificates of deposit
Total long-term investments

       Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

July 31, 2021

$

—  $

125,118 
125,118 

115,825  $
— 
115,825 

—  $
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

69,183 
274,012 
225,384 
45,320 
9,036 
28,353 
1,480 
80,750 
— 
733,518 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
125,118  $

15,997 
146,576 
19,142 
38,911 
4,832 
205 
1,500 
227,163 
1,076,506  $

$

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,000 
1,000 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,000  $

115,825 
125,118 
240,943 

69,183 
274,012 
225,384 
45,320 
9,036 
28,353 
1,480 
80,750 
1,000 
734,518 

15,997 
146,576 
19,142 
38,911 
4,832 
205 
1,500 
227,163 
1,202,624 

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Cash equivalents:

Commercial paper
Money market funds
Total cash equivalents
Short-term investments:

U.S. Government agency securities
Commercial paper
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Certificates of deposit
Total short-term investments

Long-term investments:

U.S. Government agency securities
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Asset-backed securities
Certificates of deposit
Strategic convertible debt investment
Total long-term investments

      Total

Convertible Senior Notes

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

July 31, 2020

$

—  $

231,063 
231,063 

60,584  $
— 
60,584 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
231,063  $

110,089 
161,994 
358,175 
63,773 
25,448 
47,048 
766,527 

132,185 
119,881 
5,035 
33,422 
9,248 
— 
299,771 
1,126,882  $

$

—  $
— 
—  $

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000  $

60,584 
231,063 
291,647 

110,089 
161,994 
358,175 
63,773 
25,448 
47,048 
766,527 

132,185 
119,881 
5,035 
33,422 
9,248 
1,000 
300,771 
1,358,945 

    The fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes was $452.0 million and $480.0 million at July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company estimates the
fair  value  of  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes  using  commonly  accepted  valuation  methodologies  and  market-based  risk  measurements  that  are  directly
observable,  such  as  unadjusted  quoted  prices  (Level  2).  The  Company  carries  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes  at  initial  fair  value  less  unamortized  debt
discount and issuance costs on its consolidated balance sheets. For further information on the Convertible Senior Notes, see Note 6.

4. Balance Sheet Components

Accounts Receivables, Net

Accounts receivable, net consists of the following (in thousands):

Accounts receivable
Allowance for credit losses and revenue reserves

Accounts receivable, net

Allowance for Credit Losses and Revenue Reserves

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

$

$

105,125  $
(1,057)
104,068  $

115,518 
(1,276)
114,242 

Changes to the allowance for credit losses and revenue reserves consists of the following (in thousands):

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Balance as of July 31, 2020

Net changes to credit losses
Net changes to revenue reserves
Write-offs, net

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Prepaid expenses
Contract costs
Deferred costs
Deposits and other receivables

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

Computer hardware
Purchased software
Capitalized software development costs
Equipment and machinery
Furniture and fixtures
Leasehold improvements
Total property and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation

Property and equipment, net

$

$

1,276 
— 
226 
(445)
1,057 

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

20,330  $
13,365 
9,247 
9,787 
52,729  $

16,969 
9,588 
8,399 
11,033 
45,989 

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

19,256  $
6,002 
24,025 
12,214 
11,482 
57,960 
130,939 
(50,878)
80,061  $

16,791 
5,445 
11,620 
11,438 
9,792 
46,165 
101,251 
(36,016)
65,235 

$

$

$

$

As of July 31, 2021 and 2020, no property and equipment was pledged as collateral. Depreciation expense, excluding the amortization of capitalized

software development costs, was $14.0 million, $14.5 million and $9.7 million for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

The  Company  recognized  amortization  of  capitalized  software  development  costs  in  cost  of  subscription  and  support  revenue  on  the  consolidated

statements of operations of $3.4 million, $1.4 million and $1.0 million during the fiscal years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 respectively.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

There was no change to the carrying amount of goodwill of $340.9 million for fiscal years ending July 31, 2021 and 2020 respectively.

The Company’s intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Acquired technology
Customer contracts and
related relationships
Partner relationships
Trademarks
Order backlog

Total

Remaining Weighted-
Average Useful Life (in
years)
1.2

3.3
3.7
3.3
0.0
2.5

Cost
93,600  $

35,700 
200 
2,500 
8,700 
140,700  $

$

$

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

Accumulated
Amortization

Net Book
Value

86,367 

7,233  $

Cost
93,600  $

Accumulated
Amortization

Net Book
Value

73,191  $

20,409 

24,432 
119 
1,339 
8,700 
120,957  $

11,268 
81 
1,161 
— 
19,743  $

35,700 
200 
2,500 
8,700 
140,700  $

18,500 
96 
982 
8,223 
100,992  $

17,200 
104 
1,518 
477 
39,708 

Amortization expense was $20.0 million, $26.8 million, and $29.1 million during the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. The

future amortization expense for existing intangible assets as of July 31, 2021, based on their current useful lives, is as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year ending July 31,

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total future amortization expense

Other Assets

Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Prepaid expenses
Contract costs
Deferred costs
Strategic equity investments

Other assets

11,143 
3,799 
2,379 
1,938 
484 
— 
19,743 

$

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

$

$

3,276  $

28,870 
2,777 
3,556 
38,479  $

2,830 
25,221 
5,729 
1,164 
34,944 

The Company’s other assets include strategic investments in privately-held companies in which the Company does not have a controlling interest or
the ability to exert significant influence. The strategic investments consist of non-marketable equity securities that do not have readily determinable market
values (Level 3). The Company records these strategic investments at cost less impairment and adjusts cost for subsequent observable changes in fair value.
The Company invested $2.4 million and $1.2 million in new strategic equity investments during the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
No impairment charges were recognized during the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021 while an impairment charge of $10.7 million was recognized during the
fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 primarily due to liquidity constraints in the economic environment that limited the investee’s ability to raise funds.

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Accrued Employee Compensation

Accrued employee compensation consists of the following (in thousands):

Bonus
Commission
Vacation
Salaries, payroll taxes, and benefits

Accrued employee compensation

Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

Lease liabilities
Accrued royalties
Accrued taxes
Other

Other current liabilities

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

48,414  $
11,271 
23,803 
18,649 
102,137  $

20,188 
7,201 
20,637 
10,521 
58,547 

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

11,624  $
7,525 
6,796 
5,703 
31,648  $

10,936 
6,651 
3,817 
4,302 
25,706 

$

$

$

$

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5. Net Income (Loss) per Share

The  Company  calculates  basic  earnings  per  share  by  dividing  the  net  income  (loss)  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  shares  of  common  stock
outstanding for the period. The diluted earnings per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for
the period using the treasury stock method. For purposes of this calculation, options to purchase common stock, stock awards, and the Convertible Senior
Notes are considered to be common stock equivalents.

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the years ended July 31, 2021, 2020,

and 2019 (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

Numerator:

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) per share:

Basic
Diluted

Denominator:
Weighted average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share:

Basic
Weighted average effect of dilutive stock options
Weighted average effect of dilutive stock awards
Diluted

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

$

$

$

(66,507) $

(27,198) $

20,732 

(0.79) $

(0.79) $

(0.33) $

(0.33) $

0.25 

0.25 

83,577,375 
— 
— 
83,577,375 

82,855,392 
— 
— 
82,855,392 

81,447,998 
229,035 
1,004,181 
82,681,214 

The following weighted shares outstanding of potential common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted income (loss) per share for the

periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive:

Stock options
Stock awards
Convertible senior notes

2021

37,980 
2,737,597 
52,430 

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

161,410 
2,559,214 
— 

— 
44,196 
— 

Since the Company has the intent and ability to settle the principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes in cash and any excess in shares of the
Company’s common stock, the Company uses the treasury stock method for calculating any potential dilutive effect of the conversion spread on diluted net
income per share, if applicable. The conversion spread will have a dilutive impact on net income (loss) per share of common stock when the average market
price of the Company’s common stock for a given quarterly period exceeds the conversion price of $113.75 per share for the Convertible Senior Notes. In
fiscal year 2021, the average market price of the Company’s common stock exceeded the conversion price only in the second quarter.

 
 
 
 
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6. Convertible Senior Notes

In  March  2018,  the  Company  offered  and  sold  $400.0  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  its  1.25%  Convertible  Senior  Notes  due  2025.  The
Convertible  Senior  Notes  were  issued  in  accordance  with  the  Indenture,  dated  as  of  March  13,  2018,  between  the  Company  and  U.S.  Bank  National
Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”) (the “Base Indenture”), as amended and supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 13,
2018,  between  the  Company  and  the  Trustee  (together  with  the  Base  Indenture,  the  “Indenture”).  The  net  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  the  Convertible
Senior Notes were $387.2 million, after deducting issuance costs.

The Convertible Senior Notes are unsecured obligations of the Company and interest is payable semi-annually in arrears at a rate of 1.25% per year, on
March 15th and September 15th of each year. The Convertible Senior Notes will mature on March 15, 2025 unless repurchased, redeemed, or converted
prior to such date. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 15, 2024, the Convertible Senior Notes are convertible
at  the  option  of  holders  during  certain  periods,  upon  satisfaction  of  certain  conditions.  On  or  after  October  15,  2024,  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes  are
convertible at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. The Convertible Senior
Notes will have an initial conversion rate of 8.7912 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately
$113.75 per share of the Company’s common stock). The conversion rate is subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events but will
not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its common stock
or a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, at its election.

The Company may redeem the Convertible Senior Notes, at its option, on or after March 20, 2022, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal
amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion
price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including at least one of the three trading days immediately preceding the date
on which the Company provides notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately
preceding  the  date  on  which  the  Company  provides  notice  of  redemption.  No  sinking  fund  is  provided  for  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes.  Upon  the
occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture) prior to the maturity date, holders may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion
of  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes  for  cash  at  a  price  equal  to  100%  of  the  principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  repurchased,  plus  any  accrued  and  unpaid
interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The Convertible Senior Notes rank senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment
to  the  Convertible  Senior  Notes,  and  equal  in  right  of  payment  to  any  of  its  indebtedness  that  is  not  so  subordinated.  The  Convertible  Senior  Notes  are
effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and
structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) and any preferred equity of its current or future subsidiaries.

The net carrying value of the liability component, unamortized debt discount and unamortized debt issuance costs of the Convertible Senior Notes was

as follows (in thousands):

Principal
Less unamortized:
Debt discount
Debt issuance costs

Net carrying amount

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

400,000  $

400,000 

50,198 
5,977 
343,825  $

62,508 
7,284 
330,208 

$

$

The  effective  interest  rate  of  the  liability  is  5.53%.  The  following  table  sets  forth  the  interest  expense  recognized  related  to  the  Convertible  Senior

Notes (in thousands):

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Contractual interest expense
Amortization of debt discount
Amortization of debt issuance costs

Total

Capped Call

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

$

$

5,000  $

12,310 
1,307 
18,617  $

5,000  $
11,705 
1,181 
17,886  $

5,000 
11,131 
1,063 
17,194 

In March 2018, the Company paid $37.2 million to purchase capped calls with certain financial institutions pursuant to capped call confirmations (the
“Capped  Calls”).  The  Capped  Calls  have  an  initial  strike  price  of  $113.75  per  share,  subject  to  certain  adjustments,  which  corresponds  to  the  initial
conversion price of the Convertible Senior Notes. The Capped Calls have initial cap prices of $153.13 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The Capped
Calls cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, 3.5 million shares of common stock. By entering into the Capped Calls, the Company expects to reduce the
potential dilution to its common stock (or, in the event the conversion is settled in cash, to reduce its cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of
conversion its stock price exceeds the conversion price under the Convertible Senior Notes. The Capped Calls are subject to either adjustment or termination
upon the occurrence of specified extraordinary events affecting the Company, including a merger event, tender offer, and a nationalization, insolvency, or
delisting  involving  the  Company.  Additionally,  the  Capped  Calls  are  subject  to  certain  specified  additional  disruption  events  that  may  give  rise  to  a
termination  of  the  Capped  Calls,  including  change  in  law,  insolvency  filing,  and  hedging  disruptions.  The  Capped  Calls  were  recorded  in  the  period
purchased as a reduction of the Company’s additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

7. Leases

The Company’s lease obligations consist of operating leases for office facilities and equipment, with lease periods expiring through fiscal year 2032.
Some leases include one or more options to renew. Lease renewals are not assumed in the determination of the lease term until the exercise of the renewal
option is deemed to be reasonably certain.

Components of operating lease costs were as follows (in thousands):

(1)

Operating lease cost 
Variable lease cost
Sublease income
Net operating lease cost

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020
2021

$

$

17,614  $
5,017 
(1,587)
21,044  $

15,275 
5,821 
(1,430)
19,666 

(1) Lease expense for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less is excluded from the table above and was $1.0 million and $0.9 million for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Lease expense for all worldwide facilities and equipment based on the previous lease accounting standards, which was recognized on a straight-line

basis over the terms of the various leases, was $15.5 million in fiscal year 2019.

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Future operating lease payments as of July 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal year ending July 31,

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total future lease payments
Less imputed interest

Total lease liability balance

$

$

16,704 
16,679 
16,575 
16,943 
17,163 
68,481 
152,545 
(25,547)
126,998 

Supplemental information related to operating leases was as follows (in thousands, except for lease term and discount rate):

Operating lease assets

Current portion of lease liabilities
Non-current portion of lease liabilities

Total lease liabilities

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
Weighted average discount rate

Supplemental cash and non-cash information related to operating leases was as follows (in thousands):

Cash payments for operating leases
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities

$

$

As of July 31,

2021

2020

97,447

$

103,797

11,624
115,374
126,998

$

8.74
4.20 %

10,936
119,408
130,344

9.27
4.34 %

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020
2021

$
$

17,837  $
6,503  $

9,584 
23,032 

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8. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s contractual obligations and commitments as of July 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year Ending July

31,
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total

Lease
Obligations

(1)

Royalty
Obligations

(2)

Purchase
Commitments

(3)

Long Term Debt

(4)

Total

$

$

16,704 
16,679 
16,575 
16,943 
17,163 
68,481 
152,545 

$

$

3,479 
766 
— 
— 
— 
— 
4,245 

$

$

90,476 
58,545 
36,383 
5,655 
118 
— 
191,177 

$

$

5,000 
5,000 
5,000 
405,000 
— 
— 
420,000 

$

$

115,659
80,990
57,958
427,598
17,281
68,481
767,967

(1) 

Lease obligations primarily represent payments required under the Company’s non-cancellable lease agreements for the Company’s corporate
headquarters and worldwide offices through 2032.

(2) 

Royalty obligations primarily represent the Company’s obligations under non-cancellable agreements related to software used in certain revenue-
generating agreements.

(3) 

Purchase commitments consisted of commitments to purchase goods and services, entered into in the ordinary course of business, for which a penalty
could be imposed if the agreement was cancelled for any reason other than an event of default as described by the agreement.

(4)

Long-term debt consists of principal and interest payments on the Company’s Convertible Senior Notes. The $400 million in principal will be due in
March 2025.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and receives claims, arising from the normal course of business activities.
The Company has not recorded any accrual for claims as of July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company has not accrued for estimated losses in the
accompanying consolidated financial statements as the Company has determined that no provision for liability nor disclosure is required related to any claim
against the Company because: (a) there is not a reasonable possibility that a loss exceeding amounts already recognized (if any) may be incurred with respect
to such claim; (b) a reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be estimated; or (c) such estimate is immaterial. The Company expenses legal fees in the
period in which they are incurred.

Indemnification

The  Company  sells  software  licenses  and  services  to  its  customers  under  Software  License  Agreements  (“SLA”)  and  Software  Subscription
Agreements  (“SSA”).  SLAs  and  SSAs  contain  the  terms  of  the  contractual  arrangement  with  the  customer  and  generally  include  certain  provisions  for
defending the customer against any claims that the Company’s software infringes upon a patent, copyright, trademark, or other proprietary right of a third
party. SLAs and SSAs also generally indemnify the customer against judgements, settlements, fines, penalties, costs, and expenses resulting from a claim
(“Losses”) against the customer in the event the Company’s software is found to infringe upon such third-party rights.

The  Company  has  not  had  to  reimburse  any  of  its  customers  for  Losses  related  to  indemnification  provisions  and  no  material  claims  against  the
Company were outstanding as of July 31, 2021 and 2020. For several reasons, including the lack of prior indemnification claims and the lack of a monetary
liability limit for certain infringement cases under various SLAs and SSAs, the Company cannot estimate the amount of potential future payments, if any,
related to indemnification provisions.

The  Company  has  also  agreed  to  indemnify  its  directors  and  executive  officers  for  costs  associated  with  any  fees,  expenses,  judgments,  fines,  and

settlement amounts incurred by any of these persons in any action or proceeding to which any

 
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of  these  persons  is,  or  is  threatened  to  be,  made  a  party  by  reason  of  the  person’s  service  as  a  director  or  officer,  including  any  action  by  the  Company,
arising  out  of  that  person’s  services  as  the  Company’s  director  or  officer  or  that  person’s  services  provided  to  any  other  company  or  enterprise  at  the
Company’s  request.  The  Company  maintains  director  and  officer  insurance  coverage  that  may  enable  the  Company  to  recover  a  portion  of  any  future
amounts paid.

9. Stock-Based Compensation Expense and Shareholders’ Equity

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense related to options and Stock Awards is included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations as follows

(in thousands):

Stock-based compensation expense
Net impact of deferred stock-based compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense

Stock-based compensation expense is included in the following categories:

Cost of subscription and support revenue
Cost of license revenue
Cost of services revenue
Research and development
Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Total stock-based compensation expense
Tax benefit from stock-based compensation

Total stock-based compensation, net of tax effect

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

$

$

$

$

116,222  $
(1,213)
115,009  $

11,231  $
770 
21,809 
29,524 
25,820 
25,855 
115,009 
31,891 
83,118  $

102,191  $
(374)
101,817  $

7,575  $
769 
20,816 
26,324 
21,260 
25,073 
101,817 
28,360 
73,457  $

91,570 
(54)
91,516 

4,659 
173 
22,782 
23,420 
19,245 
21,237 
91,516 
29,159 
62,357 

Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense as of July 31, 2021 related to Stock Awards is $220.3 million, that will be recognized over a

weighted averaged period of 2.4 years.

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Stock Awards

A summary of the Company’s Stock Awards activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans is as follows:

Balance as of July 31, 2018

Granted
Released
Canceled

Balance as of July 31, 2019

Granted
Released
Canceled

Balance as of July 31, 2020
Granted
Released
Canceled

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Expected to vest as of July 31, 2021

Stock Awards Outstanding

Number of Stock
Awards

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

 Aggregate Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)

(1)

2,932,155  $
1,238,700  $
(1,398,676) $
(387,506) $
2,384,673  $
1,587,664  $
(1,217,337) $
(309,302) $
2,445,698  $
1,429,325  $
(1,167,291) $
(312,764) $
2,394,968  $
2,394,968  $

69.43  $

100.01 

69.20  $
75.16 
85.20  $

106.65 

82.73  $
87.25 
99.34  $
111.22 
96.83  $

103.22 

107.15  $

107.15  $

252,752 

133,050 

243,427 

121,915 

287,761 

131,188 

275,900 

275,900 

(1)

    Aggregate intrinsic value at each fiscal year end represents the total market value of Stock Awards at the Company’s closing stock price of $115.20, $117.66, and $102.08
on July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Aggregate intrinsic value for released Stock Awards represents the total market value of released Stock Awards at their
respective date of release.

Certain executives and employees of the Company received PSUs and TSR PSUs in addition to RSUs. PSUs awarded in September 2020 will vest
over three years with 50% vesting annually over the three year period and the remaining 50% vesting at the end of the third year. The TSR PSUs are subject
to total shareholder return rankings of the Company’s common stock relative to the software companies in the S&P Index for a specified period or periods,
and vest at the end of three years. The Company recognized stock-based compensation related to these performance-based and market-based stock awards of
$13.9 million, $13.1 million, and $19.1 million in fiscal years 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

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Stock Options

Stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans is as follows:

Balance as of July 31, 2018

Granted
Exercised
Canceled
Balance as of July 31, 2019
Granted
Exercised
Canceled
Balance as of July 31, 2020

Granted
Exercised
Canceled

Balance as of July 31, 2021

Vested and expected to vest as of July 31, 2021

Exercisable as of July 31, 2021

 Number of Stock
Options Outstanding

 Weighted Average
Exercise Price

Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Life
(in years)

 Aggregate Intrinsic
Value
 (in thousands)

 (1)

537,064  $
—  $
(301,901) $
(18,436) $
216,727  $
—  $
(132,573) $
(3,822) $
80,332  $
— 
(53,932) $
(1,122) $
25,278  $
25,278  $
25,278  $

21.45 
— 
13.11 
9.43 
34.10 
— 
37.37 
10.99 
29.80 

36.00 
11.24 

17.39 

17.39 

17.39 

4.3 $

$

5.2 $

$

5.2 $

$

5.0 $

5.0 $

5.0 $

34,774 

24,731 

14,733 

8,917 

7,058 

3,986 

2,472 

2,472 

2,472 

(1)

Aggregate intrinsic value at each fiscal year end represents the difference between the Company’s closing stock price of $115.20, $117.66, and $102.08 on July 31, 2021,
2020, and 2019, respectively, and the exercise price of the option. Aggregate intrinsic value for exercised options represents the difference between the Company’s stock
price at date of exercise and the exercise price.

Valuation of Awards

    TSR PSUs

The fair values of the TSR PSUs is estimated at the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation model which included the following assumptions:

Expected term (in years)
Risk-free interest rate
Expected volatility of the Company
Average expected volatility of the peer companies in the S&P Index
Expected dividend yield

*There were no TSR PSUs granted during fiscal year 2021.

2021
*
*
*
*
*

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020
2.90
1.46%
28.4%
37.0%
—%

2019
2.88
2.79%
27.2%
33%
—%

    
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The number of TSR PSUs that may ultimately vest will vary based on the performance of the Company’s common stock relative to the shareholder
return  of  the  software  companies  in  the  S&P  Index  for  a  specified  period  or  periods.  The  Monte  Carlo  methodology  incorporates  into  the  valuation  all
possible outcomes, including that the Company’s relative performance may result in no shares vesting. As a result, stock-based compensation expense is
recognized  regardless  of  the  Company’s  ultimate  achievement  of  the  plan’s  metrics.  The  expense  will  be  reversed  only  in  the  event  that  a  grantee  is
terminated prior to satisfying the requisite service period.

Common Stock Reserved for Issuance

As of July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company was authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share and, of
these,  83,194,157  and  83,461,925  shares  of  common  stock  were  issued  and  outstanding,  respectively.  As  of  July  31,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  had
reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:

Exercise of stock options to purchase common stock
Vesting of stock awards
Shares available under stock plans

Total common stock reserved for issuance

Equity Incentive Plans

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

25,278 
2,394,968 
5,014,069 
7,434,315 

80,332 
2,445,698 
23,460,234 
25,986,264 

On December 15, 2020, the Company’s stockholders adopted the 2020 Stock Plan (“2020 Plan”) for the purpose of granting equity-based incentive
awards.  The  Company  initially  reserved  5,000,000  shares  of  its  common  stock  for  the  issuance  of  awards  under  the  2020  Plan.  The  shares  available  for
issuance  are  subject  to  adjustment  in  the  event  of  a  stock  split,  stock  dividend  or  other  defined  changes  in  the  Company’s  capitalization.  The  2020  Plan
replaced the Company’s 2011 Stock Plan; however, awards outstanding under the 2011 Stock Plan will continue to be governed by their existing terms.

The shares the Company issues under the 2020 Plan will be from the Company's pool of authorized but unissued shares. The shares of common stock
underlying any awards under the 2011 Plan that are forfeited, canceled, held back upon exercise or settlement of an award to cover the exercise price or tax
withholding, reacquired by the Company prior to vesting, satisfied without any issuance of stock or are otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) are
added back to the shares of stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan.

Stock Repurchase Program

In  October  2020,  the  Company's  board  of  directors  authorized  and  approved  a  stock  repurchase  program  of  up  to  $200.0  million  of  the  Company's
outstanding common stock. Stock repurchases under the program may be made from time to time, in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions
and  otherwise,  at  the  discretion  of  management  of  the  Company  and  in  accordance  with  applicable  federal  securities  laws,  including  Rule  10b-18  of  the
Exchange Act, and other applicable legal requirements. Such repurchases may also be made in compliance with Rule 10b5-1 trading plans entered into by
the Company.

During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 1,488,991 shares of common stock at an average price of $109.17 per share, for

an aggregate purchase price of $162.5 million. As of July 31, 2021, $37.5 million remained available for future repurchases.

10. Income Taxes

The Company recognized an income tax benefit of $37.8 million for fiscal year 2021 compared to an income tax provision of $2.9 million for fiscal
year 2020. The increase in our income tax benefit for fiscal year 2021 was primarily due to an increase in pre-tax net loss, the release of a reserve for an
uncertain tax position, and the impact related to the tax status change of certain foreign subsidiaries for U.S. tax purposes, partially offset by an increase in
the valuation allowance.

The effective tax rate of 36% for fiscal year 2021, differs from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate of 21% mainly due to permanent differences
for stock-based compensation, including excess tax benefits, the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax position, research and development credits, the tax
status  change  of  certain  foreign  subsidiaries,  change  in  valuation  allowance,  and  certain  non-deductible  expenses  including  executive  compensation
limitation.

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The Company’s income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes is as follows (in thousands):

Domestic
International

Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):

Current:

U.S. Federal
State
Foreign
Total current

Deferred:

U.S. Federal
State
Foreign
Total deferred

Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

(114,687) $
10,406 
(104,281) $

(34,121) $
9,790 
(24,331) $

(1,778)
14,230 
12,452 

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

(5,605) $
299 
3,290 
(2,016)

(31,174)
(4,472)
(112)
(35,758)
(37,774) $

13,077  $
178 
1,539 
14,794 

(10,125)
(1,357)
(445)
(11,927)

2,867  $

3,297 
48 
1,859 
5,204 

(13,683)
(989)
1,188 
(13,484)
(8,280)

$

$

$

$

Differences  between  income  taxes  calculated  using  the  statutory  federal  income  tax  rate  of  21%  in  the  fiscal  years  ended  July  31,  2021,  2020,  and

2019, and the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Statutory federal income tax
State taxes, net of federal benefit
Share-based compensation
Non-deductible officers' compensation
Foreign income taxed at different rates
Research tax credits
Base erosion and anti-abuse tax
Tax status change of certain foreign subsidiaries
Permanent differences and others
Change in valuation allowance

Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Fiscal years ended July 31,

2021

2020

2019

$

$

(21,899) $
(4,173)
(3,247)
3,682 
(854)
(5,377)
(7,702)
(1,830)
495 
3,131 
(37,774) $

(5,109) $
(1,179)
(2,971)
3,634 
(235)
(4,905)
11,381 
— 
829 
1,422 
2,867  $

2,617 
(939)
(8,013)
3,938 
203 
(6,943)
— 
— 
918 
(61)
(8,280)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

Accruals and reserves
Stock-based compensation
Deferred revenue
Capitalized R&D
Lease liabilities
Net operating loss carryforwards
Tax credits

Total deferred tax assets

Less valuation allowance
Net deferred tax assets
Less deferred tax liabilities:

Intangible assets
Operating lease assets
Property and equipment
Convertible debt
Unremitted foreign earnings
Capitalized commissions
Total deferred tax liabilities
Deferred tax assets, net

Less foreign deferred tax liabilities
Total net deferred tax assets

$

As of July 31,

2021

2020

15,773  $
7,133 
3,527 
8,377 
30,832 
73,243 
97,113 
235,998 
44,797 
191,201 

4,109 
23,343 
7,661 
7,028 
554 
10,078 
52,773 
138,428 
1,045 
137,383 

5,831 
6,606 
5,553 
4,996 
24,946 
53,322 
85,048 
186,302 
37,188 
149,114 

4,381 
18,774 
8,274 
8,696 
354 
7,070 
47,549 
101,565 
904 
100,661 

The Company considered both positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future
taxable  income,  tax  planning  strategies,  and  differences  between  prior  book  and  tax  profits/losses,  and  determined  that  a  valuation  allowance  was  not
required for a significant portion of its deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance of $44.8 million and $37.2 million remained as of July 31, 2021 and 2020,
respectively, primarily related to California and Federal deferred tax assets. The increase of $7.6 million in the valuation allowance in the current fiscal year
relates primarily to net operating losses and income tax credits in certain tax jurisdictions for which no tax benefit is expected to be recognized.

As of July 31, 2021, the Company had U.S. Federal, California, and other states net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards of $282.2 million, $61.6

million and $144.0 million, respectively. The U.S. Federal and California NOL carryforwards will start to expire in 2029 and 2023, respectively.

As of July 31, 2021, the Company had research and development tax credits (“R&D credit”) carryforwards of the following (in thousands):

U.S. Federal
California

Total R&D credit carryforwards

$

$

52,306 
43,748 
96,054 

The U.S. Federal R&D credits will start to expire in 2023 and the California R&D tax credits do not expire.

Federal and California laws impose restrictions on the utilization of NOL carryforwards and R&D credit carryforwards in the event of a change in
ownership of the Company, as defined by Internal Revenue Code 382 and 383. The Company experienced an ownership change in the past that does not
materially impact the availability of its carryforwards. However, should there be an ownership change in the future, the Company’s ability to utilize existing
carryforwards could be substantially restricted.

 
 
Table of Contents

As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  has  recorded  a  provisional  estimate  for  foreign  withholding  taxes  on  undistributed  earnings  from  foreign
subsidiaries of $0.6 million. The Company may repatriate foreign earnings in the future to the extent that the repatriation is not restricted by local laws or
there are no substantial incremental costs associated with such repatriation.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

Activity related to unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

Unrecognized tax benefits - beginning of period
Gross increases - prior period tax positions
Gross decreases - prior period tax positions
Gross increases - current period tax positions

Unrecognized tax benefits - end of period

2021

Fiscal years ended July 31,
2020

2019

$

$

23,690  $
65 
(7,769)
1,152 
17,138  $

11,633  $
3,401 
(147)
8,803 
23,690  $

10,321 
98 
(88)
1,302 
11,633 

During  the  year  ended  July  31,  2021,  the  Company’s  unrecognized  tax  benefits  decreased  by  $6.6  million.  As  of  July  31,  2021,  the  Company  had
unrecognized  tax  benefits  of  $10.9  million  that,  if  recognized,  would  affect  the  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  as  certain  unrecognized  tax  benefits  have  a
valuation  allowance.  The  Company  recognizes  interest  and  penalties  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  as  income  tax  expense  in  its  consolidated
statements of operations. As of July 31, 2021, the accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was immaterial.

The Company, or one of its subsidiaries, files income taxes in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. If the Company
utilizes NOL carryforwards or tax credits in future years, the U.S. Federal, state and local, and non-U.S. tax authorities may examine the tax returns covering
the  period  in  which  the  net  operating  losses  and  tax  credits  arose.  As  a  result,  the  Company’s  tax  returns  in  the  U.S.  and  California  remain  open  to
examination from fiscal years 2002 through 2021.

The Company received an immaterial proposed assessment from the California Franchise Tax Board for the state income tax returns filed for fiscal
years 2018 and 2017. The Company is currently reviewing this proposed assessment and may appeal. Any impact on the consolidated financial statements
related to the assessment will be recorded in the quarter when the Company concludes the examination.

11. Defined Contribution and Other Post-Retirement Plans

The Company’s employee savings and retirement plan in the United States is qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Employees
on  the  Company’s  U.S.  payroll  are  automatically  enrolled  when  they  meet  eligibility  requirements,  unless  they  decline  participation.  Upon  enrollment
employees are provided with tax-deferred salary deductions and various investment options. Employees may contribute up to 60% of their eligible salary up
to  the  statutory  prescribed  annual  limit.  The  Company  matches  employees’  contributions  up  to  $5,000  per  participant  per  calendar  year.  Certain  of  the
Company’s  foreign  subsidiaries  also  have  defined  contribution  plans  in  which  a  majority  of  its  employees  participate  and  the  Company  makes  matching
contributions. The Company’s contributions to its 401(k) and foreign subsidiaries’ plans were $11.8 million, $10.7 million, and $9.9 million for the fiscal
years ended July 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

12. Segment Information

The  Company  operates  in  one  segment.  The  Company’s  chief  operating  decision  maker  (the  “CODM”),  its  Chief  Executive  Officer,  manages  the
Company’s  operations  on  a  consolidated  basis  for  purposes  of  allocating  resources.  When  evaluating  the  Company’s  financial  performance,  the  CODM
reviews  separate  revenue  information  for  the  Company’s  subscription,  support,  term  license,  perpetual  license,  and  services  offerings,  while  all  other
financial  information  is  reviewed  on  a  consolidated  basis.  The  Company’s  principal  operations  and  decision-making  functions  are  located  in  the  United
States.

 
 
Table of Contents

The Company’s long-lived assets for this disclosure is defined as property and equipment and operating lease assets. The Company’s long-lived assets

by geographic region is as follows (in thousands):

Americas
EMEA
APAC
      Total

13. Subsequent Events

July 31, 2021

July 31, 2020

$

$

143,736  $
32,171 
1,601 
177,508  $

137,665 
28,783 
2,584 
169,032 

On August 18, 2021, the Company completed an acquisition for net cash consideration of approximately $51 million, subject to customary transaction
adjustments, of which approximately $8 million is subject to service conditions over the next three years. The acquisition will be accounted for as a business
combination. The Company has not completed its acquisition accounting for this transaction, and is in the process of evaluating the impact of the business
combination on its consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountant on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our  management,  with  the  participation  of  our  principal  executive  officer  and  principal  financial  officer,  has  evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  our
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual
Report on Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls
and procedures were deemed effective as of July 31, 2021.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or
15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and
includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions
and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
our  management  and  directors;  and  (iii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use  or
disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also,  projections  of  any
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of July 31, 2021, using the criteria set forth in Internal
Control—Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission’s  2013  framework.  Based  on  this
assessment and those criteria, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective, at a reasonable level of assurance, as of
July 31, 2021.

Our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  has  been  audited  by  KPMG  LLP,  an  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  as  stated  in  their

report, which appears in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Inherent Limitations of Internal Controls

Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures
or our internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not
absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can
provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include
the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can
be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any
system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will
succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
the  degree  of  compliance  with  the  policies  or  procedures  may  deteriorate.  Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  in  a  cost-effective  control  system,
misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

 
Table of Contents

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There  were  no  changes  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  during  our  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  identified  in  management’s  evaluation
pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.

Item 9B.

Other Information

None.

Table of Contents

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our directors, officers, and employees, including our principal executive

officer and principal financial officer. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is posted on our investor relations website.

We  will  post  any  amendments  to,  or  waivers  from,  a  provision  of  this  Code  of  Business  Conduct  and  Ethics  by  posting  such  information  on  our

investor relations website.

The other information required by this item will be contained in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC in connection with our 2021
Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which is expected to be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended July 31,
2021, and is incorporated in this report by reference.

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

The information required by this item will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information, if any, required by this item will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this item will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1. Consolidated Financial Statements

See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements at Item 8 herein.

2. Financial Statement Schedules

Schedules  have  been  omitted  because  the  information  required  to  be  set  forth  therein  is  not  applicable  or  is  shown  in  the  financial

statements or notes herein.

3. Exhibits

 
Table of Contents

The exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number

Description

3.1
3.2
4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

10.1#

10.2#

10.3#

10.4#

10.5#

10.6#

10.7#

10.8#
10.9#

10.10#
10.11#

10.12#

10.13#

10.14

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amended and Restated Bylaws
Form of Common Stock certificate of Guidewire Software,
Inc.
Indenture between Guidewire Software, Inc. and U.S. Bank
National Association, dated as of March 13, 2018
First Supplemental Indenture between Guidewire Software,
Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of
March 13, 2018
Form of 1.25% Convertible Senior Note Due March 15,
2025
Description of Guidewire Software, Inc.’s Securities
Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Guidewire Software, Inc. 2011 Stock Plan and Forms of
Agreements Thereunder
Guidewire Software, Inc. Form of Performance-Based
Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2011
Stock Plan
Guidewire Software, Inc. Forms of Notice of Restricted
Stock Unit Award and Restricted Stock Unit Award
Agreement (Performance-Based)
Guidewire Software, Inc. Form of Restricted Stock Unit
Award Agreement (Global Time-Based)
Guidewire Software, Inc. Form of Restricted Stock Unit
Award Agreement (U.S. Time-Based)
Guidewire Software, Inc. Form of Restricted Stock Unit
Award Agreement (U.S. Time-Based, Executives)
Guidewire Software, Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan and
Form of Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement
thereunder
Guidewire Software, Inc. 2020 Stock Plan
Guidewire Software, Inc. Senior Executive Incentive Bonus
Plan
Guidewire Software, Inc. Form of Executive Agreement
Executive Agreement between Guidewire Software, Inc. and
Michael Rosenbaum, dated as of August 3, 2019
First Amendment to Executive Agreement between
Guidewire Software, Inc. and Mike Rosenbaum, dated as of
November 4, 2020
Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and
executive officers
Guidewire Software,, Inc. Form of Capped Call
Confirmation

Incorporated by
Reference From
Form
10-Q
8-K
S-1/A

8-K

8-K

8-K

Incorporated
by Reference
From
Exhibit
Number

3.1 
3.1 
4.1 

4.1 

4.2 

Date Filed
March 5, 2020
September 14, 2020
January 9, 2012

March 13, 2018

March 13, 2018

4.3 

March 13, 2018

Filed herewith

—

—

S-1/A

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q
S-1/A

10-Q
8-K

10-Q

S-1/A

8-K

10.5 

December 13, 2011

10.9 

December 2, 2015

10.5 

March 5, 2020

10.2 

10.1 

10.3 

10.4 

10.1 
10.12 

10.6 
10.1 

March 5, 2020

March 5, 2020

March 5, 2020

March 5, 2020

March 5, 2021
December 13, 2011

March 5, 2020
August 5, 2019

10.1 

December 9, 2020

10.1 

10.1 

October 28, 2011

March 13, 2018

Table of Contents

10.15

21.1
23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1*

101.INS
101.SCH
101.CAL

101.DEF

101.LAB

101.PRE

104

Lease Agreement between Bay Meadows Station 2
Investors, LLC and Guidewire Software, Inc. dated as of
December 18, 2017
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief
Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act
Inline XBRL Instance Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
Document
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
Document
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL
with applicable taxonomy extension information contained
in Exhibits 101)

10-K

10.11 

September 19, 2018

Filed herewith
Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Furnished herewith

Filed herewith
Filed herewith
Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

— 
— 

— 

—  

—  

—  
—  
—  

—  

—  

—  

— 

—
—

—

—  

—

—  
—  
—  

—  

—  

—  

—

# Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.
* The  certifications  furnished  in  Exhibit  32.1  hereto  are  deemed  to  accompany  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  and  will  not  be  deemed  “filed”  for
purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into
any filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant
specifically incorporates it by reference.

Table of Contents

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: September 24, 2021

Signatures

GUIDEWIRE SOFTWARE, INC.

By:

/s/ JEFF COOPER
Jeff Cooper
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose individual signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Mike Rosenbaum, Jeff Cooper, and Winston King, and each of them, with full power
of substitution and resubstitution and full power to act without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to act in his or her name, place and stead and
to execute in the name and on behalf of each person, individually and in each capacity stated below, and to file any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-
fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing, ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents
or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following  persons  on  behalf  of  the  registrant  and  in  the
capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

/s/ MIKE ROSENBAUM

Mike Rosenbaum

/s/ JEFF COOPER

Jeff Cooper

/s/ MARCUS S. RYU
Marcus S. Ryu

/s/ ANDREW BROWN
Andrew Brown
/s/ MARGARET DILLON
Margaret Dillon

/s/ MICHAEL KELLER
Michael Keller

/s/ PAUL LAVIN
Paul Lavin

/s/ CATHERINE P. LEGO
Catherine P. Lego

/s/ RAJANI RAMANATHAN
Rajani Ramanathan

Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

September 24, 2021

Title

Date

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

September 24, 2021

Director (Chairman of the Board)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

September 24, 2021

 
EXHIBIT 4.5

DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY’S SECURITIES
REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

As of July 31, 2021, Guidewire Software, Inc. (“Guidewire,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) had one class of securities registered under Section 12
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"): our common stock.

DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

Our authorized capital stock consists of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 25,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock,
$0.0001 par value. The following description of our common stock does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, each of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended July 31, 2021.

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted on by the stockholders. Subject to preferences that may be
applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by the
board of directors out of funds legally available therefore. In the event we liquidate, dissolve or wind up, holders of common stock are entitled to share
ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common
stock have no preemptive, conversion or subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All
outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Our common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “GWRE.”

Preferred Stock – Limitations on Rights of Holders of Common Stock

Our board of directors may, without further action by our stockholders, fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of up to an aggregate of
25,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and authorize their issuance. These rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend
rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of
such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of our common stock. Any issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting
power of holders of our common stock and the likelihood that such holders would receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. In addition,
the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control or other corporate action.

Transfer Agent

The transfer agent for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

Certain provisions of Delaware law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws could have the effect of
delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, may have the effect of
discouraging coercive takeover practices

and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our
board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer
outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Limits on ability of stockholders to call a special meeting. Our amended and restated bylaws provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called
only by a majority of the board of directors then in office. These restrictions may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or
for holders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.

Requirements for advance notification of stockholder nominations and proposals. Our amended and restated bylaws establish advance notice procedures
with respect to stockholder proposals relating to the nomination of candidates for election as directors or new business to be brought before meetings of our
stockholders. These procedures provide that notice of stockholder proposals must be timely given in writing to our corporate secretary prior to the meeting at
which the action is to be taken. Generally, to be timely, notice must be received at our principal executive office not less than 90 days nor more than 120
days prior to the first anniversary date of the annual meeting the preceding year. As a result, our amended and restated bylaws may have the effect of
precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the proper procedures are not followed. These provisions may also discourage or deter a potential
acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.

No cumulative voting. The Delaware General Corporation Law provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to cumulate votes in the election of
directors unless our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and
amended and restated bylaws do not expressly provide for cumulative voting.

Board Composition and Filling Vacancies. Prior to December 17, 2019, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provided for the division of
our board of directors into three classes serving staggered three-year terms, with one class being elected each year. Our amended and restated certificate of
incorporation currently in effect provides for a gradual declassification of our board of directors such that each director shall be elected to hold office for a
one-year term expiring at the next annual meeting of stockholders, but no terms in effect prior to the filing of our amended and restated certificate on
December 17, 2019 were shortened. Beginning with the 2021 annual meeting, the entire board of directors will stand for election annually for one-year
terms. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that directors may be removed only for cause. Furthermore, any vacancy on our
board of directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the size of our board, may only be filled by the affirmative vote of a
majority of our directors then in office even if less than a quorum. The limitations on removal of directors and treatment of vacancies have the effect of
making it more difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors.

No Written Consent of Stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that all stockholder actions are required to be taken by a
vote of the stockholders at an annual or special meeting, and that stockholders may not take any action by written consent in lieu of a meeting. This limit
may lengthen the amount of time required to take stockholder actions and would prevent the amendment of our amended and restated bylaws or removal of
directors by our stockholders without holding a meeting of stockholders.

Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. Any amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation must first be approved by a
majority of our board of directors, and if required by law or our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, must thereafter be approved by a majority
of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment and a majority of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, except
that the amendment of the provisions relating to stockholder action, board composition, limitation of liability and the amendment of our amended and
restated certificate of incorporation must be approved by not less than 66 2/3% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, and not less than
66 2/3% of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class. Our amended and restated bylaws may be amended by the affirmative vote
of a majority of the directors then in office, subject to any limitations set forth in the bylaws; and

may also be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment.

Undesignated Preferred Stock. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for 25,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock. The
existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock may enable our board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain
control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. For example, if in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, our board of
directors were to determine that a takeover proposal is not in the best interests of our stockholders, our board of directors could cause shares of preferred
stock to be issued without stockholder approval in one or more private offerings or other transactions that might dilute the voting or other rights of the
proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder or stockholder group. In this regard, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation grants our board of
directors broad power to establish the rights and preferences of authorized and unissued shares of preferred stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock
could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of shares of common stock. The issuance may also adversely affect the
rights and powers, including voting rights, of these holders and may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

Exclusive Forum. Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claim for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our
behalf; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers and employees to us or our stockholders; (iii) any
action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended
and restated bylaws; or (iv) any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine (the “Delaware Forum Provision”). The Delaware
Forum Provision will not apply to any causes of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or the Exchange Act.
Further, our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court
for the Northern District of California will be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the
Securities Act (the “Federal Forum Provision”). In addition, our amended and restated bylaws provide that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise
acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock is deemed to have notice of and consented to the Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum
Provision; provided, however, that stockholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the
rules and regulations thereunder. The Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum Provision may impose additional costs on stockholders, may limit
our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a forum they find favorable, and the designated courts may reach different judgments or results than other courts.
In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the Federal Forum Provision for Securities Act claims will be enforced, which may impose additional costs on
us and our stockholders.

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware
corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a three-year period following the time that this stockholder
becomes an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Under Section 203, a business combination between
a corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions:

•

before the stockholder became interested, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction
which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 
 
 
•

•

upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned
at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining
the voting stock outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances, but not
the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder; or

at or after the time the stockholder became interested, the business combination was approved by the board of directors of the corporation and
authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock
which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a business combination to include:

•

•

•

•

•

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

any sale, transfer, lease, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance of transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested
stockholder;

subject to exceptions, any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class
or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or
through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the
corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Subsidiary
Guidewire Software Pty Ltd.
Guidewire Servicios de Software Services do Brazil Ltda                                           
Guidewire Software Canada ULC
Guidewire Software (Beijing) Co. Ltd.
Guidewire Software Denmark ApS
Guidewire Software France S.A.S
Guidewire Software GmbH
Cyence India Private Limited
Guidewire Software (Ireland) Limited.
Guidewire Software (Italy) S.r.l.
Guidewire Software Japan K.K.
Guidewire Software (Malaysia) Sdn. BHD
Guidewire Software Poland Sp. z o.o.
Guidewire Software Spain, S.L.
Guidewire Software (Switzerland) GmbH
Guidewire Software (UK) Limited
Cyence LLC
EagleEye Analytics, LLC
Guidewire International Holdings, Inc.

Exhibit 21.1

Country or Jurisdiction

Australia
Brazil
Canada
China
Denmark
France
Germany
India
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Poland
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States (Delaware)
United States (Delaware)
United States (Delaware)

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-253968, 333‑230132, 333‑223478, 333‑216530, 333‑209906,
333‑202541, 333‑194290, 333-187004 and 333‑179799) on Form S-8, and in the registration statements (Nos. 333‑223487, 333‑221298, 333‑191856, and
333‑191834) on Form S-3 of Guidewire Software, Inc. of our report dated September 24, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of
Guidewire Software, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Santa Clara, California

September 24, 2021

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OR 15d-14(a) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Mike Rosenbaum, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Guidewire Software, Inc.;

Exhibit 31.1

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,

in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial

condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to

provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the

disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal

quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s
auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to

adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over

financial reporting.

Date:

September 24, 2021

By:

/s/ MIKE ROSENBAUM
Mike Rosenbaum
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OR 15d-14(a) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jeff Cooper, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Guidewire Software, Inc.;

Exhibit 31.2

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,

in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial

condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to

provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the

disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal

quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s
auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to

adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over

financial reporting.

Date:

September 24, 2021

By:

/s/ JEFF COOPER
Jeff Cooper
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

    In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Guidewire Software, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on the date hereof (the “Report”), Mike Rosenbaum, as Chief Executive Officer of Guidewire Software, Inc., hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge, the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of
Guidewire Software, Inc.

Date:

September 24, 2021

By:

/s/ MIKE ROSENBAUM
Mike Rosenbaum
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

     In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Guidewire Software, Inc. for the year ended July 31, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on the date hereof (the “Report”), Jeff Cooper, as Chief Financial Officer of Guidewire Software, Inc., hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge, the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of
Guidewire Software, Inc.
Date:

September 24, 2021

By:

/s/ JEFF COOPER
Jeff Cooper
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)