Quarterlytics / Industrials / Trucking / Heartland Express, Inc. / FY2014 Annual Report

Heartland Express, Inc.
Annual Report 2014

HTLD · NASDAQ Industrials
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Ticker HTLD
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Industrials
Industry Trucking
Employees 5220
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FY2014 Annual Report · Heartland Express, Inc.
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Annual Report

2014

HEARTLAND EXPRESS

901 NORTH KANSAS AVENUE | NORTH LIBERTY, IOWA 52317

To Our Stockholders:
We  are  pleased  to  report  to  you  that  2014  was  another  year  of  continued  growth  and  significant  progress  for  Heartland 
Express.  Specifically, we delivered – 

•  strong operating results by posting record operating revenues and earnings per share,
•  steady and strategic integration of Gordon Trucking, Inc., 
•  significant investments to upgrade our fleet of revenue equipment,
•  strong operating cash flows which allowed us to reduce debt,
•  investment in our drivers by implementing a significant driver pay increase, 
•  continued focus on great service as evidenced by the awards we received in 2014,
•  continued focus on commitment to safety as indicated by our industry leading safety rankings.

Our primary goal continues to be profitable growth. We achieved an industry leading 84.9% operating ratio (which represents 
operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenues) and a 9.7% net margin (which represents net income as a percentage 
of operating revenues) this year along with a return on assets of 11.4% and a 19.1% return on equity. We ended the year with 
record gross revenues of $871.4 million, a 49.7% increase compared to 2013. Reported net income was up 20.2% to $84.8 
million while earnings per share were up 16.9% to a record $0.97, compared to 2013.  We had progressive improvements in 
our operating ratio throughout 2014 as we continued our steady and strategic integration of Gordon Trucking, Inc. (“GTI”).  
We will continue to focus on productivity, efficiency, and cost controls in our continued quest to strengthen our bottom line.

A fleet of late model tractors and trailers have always been a key part of our success. The average age of our tractor and trailer 
fleet continues to be amongst the best in our industry as we upgrade our fleets to improve fuel efficiency, reduce maintenance 
costs, and increase reliability. At the end of the year, the average age of our tractor fleet was 2.0 years while the average age 
of our trailer fleet was 4.4 years. We have historically maintained aggressive replacement cycles for our tractor and trailer 
fleet and this will continue into 2015 as we take advantage of the demand for well-maintained used equipment.

Throughout 2014 we continued to generate strong cash flows and maintain a balance sheet that is well positioned for long-
term growth. Net cash flow from operations increased 55.0% compared to 2013 to a record high $172.5 million, and continues 
to be strong at 19.8% of our gross revenues.  We have increased net cash flows from operations at a compounded growth rate 
of 11.3% over the past five years.  We leveraged these results to pay down our debt, reinvest in our fleet of revenue equipment, 
and continue returns to our stockholders through dividends.  We borrowed $75.0 million in November 2013 to partially finance 
the purchase of GTI and by December 31, 2014 we had reduced our debt balance to $24.6 million.  We subsequently repaid 
this balance in full in January 2015.  We are once again a debt-free company.

Our overall operating results were positively impacted by the steady and strategic integration of GTI.  The acquisition allowed 
us to further diversify our customer base while taking advantage of current industry supply and demand dynamics, to solidify 
our goal of profitable growth.  During 2014, we achieved a significant milestone in the overall integration of GTI by bringing 
the entire organization together on a single information technology platform.  The single platform has allowed us to begin 
achieving synergies throughout our nationwide network which resulted in reductions to our overall empty and unproductive 
miles.

We are pleased to report a solid increase in the value of the Company in 2014.  Our stock price increased 37.7% for the year 
and, combined with our dividends, provided our shareholders with a total return of 38.1% in 2014.  Through the payment 

 
 
  
of dividends and share repurchases we have returned $291.5 million to our shareholders over the past five years.  We have 
paid cash dividends of $450.5 million over the past forty-six consecutive quarters, including three special dividends. These 
decisions exemplify the confidence in the financial strength and future of our organization.

This past year we have once again received many hard-earned customer service awards. Service for Success is our motto and 
we live it each day at Heartland Express. Our reputation as a quality service provider is a direct reflection upon the caring 
attitudes of our professional drivers.  During 2014, we received the following awards from our customers in recognition of 
our service levels:

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Armada Supply Chain Solutions Elite Fleet Member Award (2014 Performance)
CHEP Dedicated Provider of the Year Award (2013 Performance)
FedEx Core Carrier of the Year (2014 Performance—4th consecutive year)
FedEx Gold Award (2014 Performance—4th consecutive year) 
FedEx SmartPost Peak Performance Award (2014 Performance—4th consecutive year)
Nestle Waters Southeast Region Carrier of the Year (2013 Performance)
United Sugars Dry Van Carrier of the Year (2014 Performance—2nd consecutive year)
Walmart Best Performing Carrier for Unilever Award (2014 Performance)
Walmart General Merchandise Carrier of the Year (2013 Performance)
Whirlpool National TL Carrier of the Year (2013 Performance—2nd consecutive year)
Winegard Carrier of the Year (2013 Performance—3rd consecutive year)

During 2014, our operating fleet was also recognized with the following safety and other operational recognitions in addition 
to our industry leading federal Compliance-Safety-Accountability (CSA) scores:

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2014 SmartWay Excellence Award, for leadership in conserving energy 
Truckload Carriers Association (TCA) Top 20 Best Fleets to Drive For (third year in a row)
TCA - Safest U.S. based trucking company in its division (carriers over 100 million miles per year for the fifth 
consecutive year)
Two Fleet Safety Awards by the California Trucking Association (fourth time in five years recognized as an 
outstanding and safe carrier by the State of California)
BP’s Driving Safety Standards (third year in a row)
University of Iowa Leadership Award

The industry has and will continue to be challenged by a shortage of qualified drivers. In recognition of these challenges, 
we  made  an  investment  in  our  drivers  and  implemented  a  significant  pay  increase  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2014  to 
compensate our drivers for their dedicated service.  With this investment we solidified our position as the leader of driver pay 
per mile, increased financial rewards to our drivers for making safety a priority, as well as becoming an industry leader for 
detention pay.  Our drivers are the face of our organization as they represent us at our many customer locations and on the 
nation’s highways.  Our drivers are the key to our success and we will continue to provide them with the opportunity for a 
rewarding career.

We are proud of our 2014 accomplishments. This year we took several steps forward as we continued to build upon our solid 
foundation. We have a history of consistent performance and growth of shareholder value. We recognize there is still room for 
improvement and we are very excited about our position for continued success.  Thank you for your investment in Heartland 
Express and your continued support.

Respectfully,

Michael J. Gerdin
President, Chief Executive Officer, 
Chairman of the Board

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                  
 
 
 
 
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains certain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 
27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,  and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and such 
statements are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as 
amended. All statements, other than statements of historical or current fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking 
statements, including without limitation: any projections of earnings, revenues, or other financial items; any statement of plans, 
strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; 
any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; and any statements of belief and any statement of assumptions 
underlying any of the foregoing.  Such statements may be identified by their use of terms or phrases such as “expects,” “estimates,” 
“projects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “may,” “could,” and similar terms and phrases.  Forward-looking statements 
are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, which could cause future events 
and actual results to differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements.  
Known factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section 
entitled “Risk Factors,” set forth below.  Readers should review and consider the factors discussed in “Risk Factors” of this 
Annual Report, along with various disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission.

All such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report.  You are cautioned not to place undue reliance 
on such forward-looking statements.  We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or 
revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any 
change in the events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

References in this Annual Report to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Heartland,” or the “Company” or similar terms refer to Heartland 
Express, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

BUSINESS

General

Heartland Express, Inc. is a holding company incorporated in Nevada, which owns all of the stock of Heartland Express Inc. of 
Iowa, Gordon Trucking, Inc., (“GTI”), Heartland Express Services, Inc., Heartland Express Maintenance Services, Inc., and A & 
M Express, Inc. We operate as one segment (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements).

We are a short-to-medium haul truckload carrier (predominately 500  miles or less per load) with corporate headquarters in North 
Liberty, Iowa.  We primarily provide nationwide asset-based dry van truckload service for major shippers from Washington to 
Florida and New England to California.  During 2013, through the GTI acquisition, we expanded our historical asset-based dry 
van  service  offerings  with  temperature-controlled  truckload,  and  non-asset-based  freight  brokerage  services.   Although  these 
additional service offerings were added in late 2013, they are not significant to our operations.  We generally earn revenue based 
on the number of miles per load delivered.  We believe the keys to success are maintaining high levels of customer service and 
safety which are predicated on the availability of late-model equipment and experienced drivers.  Management believes that our 
service standards, safety record, and equipment accessibility have made us a core carrier to many of our major customers, as well 
as allowed us to build solid, long-term relationships with customers and brand ourselves as an industry leader for on-time service.

We were founded by Russell A. Gerdin in 1978 and became publicly traded in November 1986.  Over the twenty-eight years from 
1986 to 2014, we have grown our revenue to $871.4 million in revenue from $21.6 million and our net income has increased to  
$84.8 million from $3.0 million.  Much of this growth has been attributable to expanding service for existing customers, acquiring 
new customers, and continued expansion of our operating regions.  More information regarding our total assets, revenues and 
profits for the past three years can be found in our “Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income” and “Selected Financial 
Data” that are included in this report.

In addition to organic growth, we have completed six acquisitions since 1987 with the most recent in 2013.  These six acquisitions 
have enabled us to solidify our position within existing regions, expand into new operating regions, and pursue new customer 
relationships in new markets. We will continue to evaluate acquisition candidates that meet our financial and operating objectives.

On November 11, 2013, we announced the acquisition of GTI, a truckload carrier headquartered near Seattle, Washington.  GTI 
was founded by the Gordon family in 1946, and certain family members remain actively involved in the business.  

1

The acquisition of GTI was the largest acquisition we have undertaken in our history.  With the acquisition, our historical areas 
of service were expanded from predominately east of the Rockies to a nationwide, coast-to-coast operation.  This has resulted in 
nationwide capacity with one of the largest asset-based dry van truckload carriers in the industry.  An expanded capacity network 
and customer base has allowed us to become more diversified, evidenced by the fact that no customer accounted for more than 
approximately 8% of our operating revenues in 2014.  Throughout 2014, we continued to integrate the historical operations of 
GTI, which is primarily focused on asset-based dry van markets, with our legacy operations.  During the third quarter of 2014 
both  legacy  operations  were  brought  together  on  a  combined  information  technology  platform  which  has  led  to  favorable 
improvements in communications and overall fleet utilization.   

Operations

Our operations department focuses on the successful execution of customer expectations and providing consistent opportunities 
for  the  fleet  of  employee  drivers  and  independent  contractors,  in  conjunction  with  maximizing  equipment  utilization.  These 
objectives require a combined effort of marketing, regional operations managers, and fleet management.

Our customer service department is responsible for maintaining the continuity between the customer’s needs and our ability to 
meet those needs by communicating the customer’s expectations to the fleet management group.  Collectively, the operations 
group (customer service and fleet management) and marketing are charged with developing customer relationships, ensuring 
service standards, coordinating proper freight-to-capacity balancing, trailer asset management, and daily tactical decisions to match 
customer demand with revenue equipment availability across our entire network.  They assign orders to drivers based on well-
defined  criteria,  such  as  United  States  Department  of  Transportation  (the  “DOT”)  hours  of  service  compliance,  customer 
requirements, equipment utilization, driver “home time”, limiting non-revenue miles, and equipment maintenance needs.

Fleet management employees are responsible for driver management and development.  Additionally, they maximize the capacity 
that is available to meet the service needs of our customers.  Their responsibilities include meeting the needs of the drivers within 
the standards that have been set by the organization and communicating the requirements of the customers to the drivers on each 
order to ensure successful execution.

Serving the short-to-medium haul market (predominantly 500 miles or less per load) permits us to use primarily single, rather than 
team drivers and dispatch most loads directly from origin to destination without an intermediate equipment change other than for 
driver scheduling purposes.  Substantially all of our revenue is, and for the last three fiscal years has been, generated from within 
the United States (“U.S.”) with immaterial revenue derived from Canada.  We do not have nor have we during the last three fiscal 
years had any long-lived assets permanently located outside the U.S. 

We operate twenty-one terminal facilities throughout the U.S. in addition to our corporate headquarters in North Liberty, Iowa.   
These terminal locations are strategically located to concentrate on regional freight movements generally within a 500-mile radius 
of the terminals and are designed to meet the needs of significant customers in those regions while allowing our drivers to primarily 
stay within an operating region which provides them with more “home time.”  This also allows us to better service and maintain 
revenue equipment at facilities we operate.

Personnel at the individual terminal locations manage these operations based on the overall operating and maintenance corporate 
goals  and  objectives.    We  use  a  centralized  computer  network  and  regular  communication  to  achieve  enterprise-wide  load 
coordination.

We emphasize customer satisfaction through on-time performance, dependable late-model equipment, and consistent equipment 
availability to meet the volume requirements of our large customers.  We also maintain a high trailer to tractor ratio, which facilitates 
the positioning of trailers at customer locations for convenient loading and unloading.  Most of the freight we transport is non-
perishable and predominantly does not require driver handling.  These factors help minimize waiting time, which increases tractor 
utilization and promotes driver retention.

During 2014, our operating fleet was also recognized with the following safety and other operational recognitions:

2014 SmartWay Excellence Award, for leadership in conserving energy and lowering greenhouse gas emissions

(cid:127) 
(cid:127)  Truckload Carriers Association (TCA) Top 20 Best Fleets to Drive For (third year in a row)
(cid:127)  TCA - Safest U.S. based trucking company in its division (carriers over 100 million miles per year for the fifth consecutive 

year)

(cid:127)  Two Fleet Safety Awards by the California Trucking Association (fourth time in five years recognized as an outstanding 

and safe carrier by the State of California)

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(cid:127)  BP's Driving Safety Standards (third year in a row)

Customers and Marketing

We seek to transport freight that will complement traffic in our existing service areas and remain consistent with our focus on 
short-to-medium haul and regional distribution markets.  Management believes that building lane density in our primary traffic 
lanes will minimize empty miles and enhance driver “home time.” 

We target customers with multiple, time-sensitive shipments, including those utilizing “just-in-time” manufacturing and inventory 
management.  In seeking these customers, we have positioned our business as a provider of premium service at compensatory 
rates, rather than competing solely on the basis of price.   Management believes our reputation for quality service, reliable equipment, 
and equipment availability makes us a core carrier for many of our customers.  This past year we once again were recognized for 
customer service by several of our customers as a testament to our service standards.  These awards include:  

2013 Walmart General Merchandise Carrier of the Year
FedEx 2014 Gold Award (fourth consecutive year) with a most recent year of 99.82% on-time service
FedEx SmartPost 2014 Peak Performance Award (fourth consecutive year)
FedEx 2014 Core Carrier of the Year (fourth consecutive year)
2013 Whirlpool Corporation National Truckload Carrier of the Year (second consecutive year)
2014 Best Performing Walmart Carrier for Unilever Award

(cid:127) 
(cid:127) 
(cid:127) 
(cid:127) 
(cid:127) 
(cid:127) 
(cid:127)  United Sugars 2014 Dry Van Carrier of the Year (second consecutive year)
(cid:127)  CHEP 2013 Dedicated Provider of the Year Award 
(cid:127)  Nestle Waters 2013 Southeast Region Carrier of the Year
(cid:127)  Armada Supply Chain Solutions 2014 Elite Fleet Member Award
(cid:127)  Winegard 2013 Carrier of the Year (third consecutive year)

Our primary customers include retailers and manufacturers.  Our 25, 10, and 5 largest customers accounted for approximately 
68%, 47%, and 32% of our operating revenues, respectively, in 2014.  During 2013, our 25, 10, and 5 largest customers were 
approximately 68%, 47%, and 32%, of our operating revenues respectively.  An expanded capacity network and customer base 
has allowed us to become more diversified and no customer accounted for more than approximately 8.0% of our operating revenues 
in 2014.  The largest customer was approximately 10.0% in 2013.

Seasonality

The nature of our primary traffic (appliances, automotive parts, consumer products, paper products, packaged foodstuffs, and retail 
goods) causes it to be distributed with relative uniformity throughout the year.  However, seasonal variations associated with the 
winter holiday season have historically resulted in reduced shipments by several industries after the holiday season.  In addition, 
our operating expenses historically have been higher during the winter months due to decreased fuel efficiency, increased colder 
weather-related equipment maintenance and repairs, and increased claims and costs attributed to higher accident frequency from 
harsh weather.

Drivers, Independent Contractors, and Other Employees

We rely on our workforce in achieving our business objectives.  As of December 31, 2014, we employed approximately 4,500 
people compared to approximately 5,200 people as of December 31, 2013.  We also contracted with independent contractors to 
provide and operate tractors which provides us additional revenue equipment capacity.  Independent contractors own their own 
tractors and are responsible for all associated expenses, including financing costs, fuel, maintenance, insurance, and highway use 
taxes.   We  historically  have  operated  a  combined  fleet  of  company  and  independent  contractor  tractors.  For  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2014, independent contractors accounted for approximately 3.6% of our total miles compared to 1.7% in 2013.

Management’s strategy for both employee drivers and independent contractors is to (1) hire only safe and experienced drivers (the 
majority of driver positions hired require six to nine months of over-the-road experience); (2) promote retention with an industry 
leading compensation package, positive working conditions, and freight that requires little or no handling; and (3) minimize safety 
problems through careful screening, mandatory drug testing, continuous training, electronic logging system, and financial rewards 
for accident-free driving.  We also seek to minimize turnover of our employee drivers by providing modern, comfortable equipment, 
and by regularly scheduling them to their homes.  All drivers are generally compensated on the basis of miles driven including 
empty miles.  This provides an incentive for us to minimize empty miles and at the same time does not penalize drivers for 
inefficiencies of operations that are beyond their control.

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We are not a party to a collective bargaining agreement.  Management believes that we have good relationships with our employees.

Driver Compensation

We implemented increases to our driver pay package effective November 1, 2014, raising driver compensation, on average, by 
approximately 10%. The new driver pay package includes future pay increases based on years of continued service with us, 
increased rates for accident-free miles of operation.  Additionally, we improved detention pay to assist drivers with offsetting 
unproductive detention time, effective January 1, 2015.  This compensation increase solidified our leadership position in terms of 
driver pay within the industry and rewards drivers for years of service and safe operating mileage benchmarks, which are critical 
to our operational and financial performance.  

Revenue Equipment

Our revenue equipment program has three main components: (i) operate a relatively new fleet to improve fuel mileage, lower 
maintenance expense, increase reliability of service, and enhance our drivers' safety and comfort, (ii) depreciate new tractor revenue 
equipment on an accelerated basis, and (iii) avoid long-term purchase or trade-in agreements with manufacturers.  Complementing 
these components is our preventive maintenance program which is designed to minimize equipment downtime, facilitate customer 
service, and enhance trade value when revenue equipment is replaced.  This strategy affords us the flexibility to take advantage 
of favorable market conditions as presented. 

All tractors are equipped with mobile communication systems.  This technology allows for efficient communication with our 
drivers regarding freight and safety, and provides the ability to manage the needs of our customers based on real-time information 
on load status.  Our mobile communication systems also allow us to obtain information regarding equipment and driver performance.  

As of December 31, 2014 the average age of our tractor fleet was 2.0 years compared to 2.4 years at December 31, 2013.  The 
estimated average age of our tractor fleet at the end of 2015, after planned capital expenditures, will be approximately 1.3 years.  
We have historically operated the majority of our tractors while under warranty to minimize repair and maintenance cost and 
reduce service interruptions caused by breakdowns.  As of December 31, 2014, 71% of our trailer fleet was 2011 or newer model 
years.  The average age of our trailer fleet was 4.4 years at December 31, 2014 compared to 4.6 years at December 31, 2013.  It 
is currently estimated that our dry-van trailer fleet, after planned capital expenditures, will be 100% 2011 and newer model years 
by the end of 2015.  We expect the average age of our trailer fleet at the end of 2015 to be approximately 4.8 years.

We obtain additional tractor capacity through the use of independent contractors who own their own tractor equipment.  Independent 
contractors are responsible for the maintenance of their equipment and are periodically inspected by us for compliance with our 
operational and safety requirements and those of the DOT.  We also gain tractor and trailer capacity through revenue equipment 
operating leases, post GTI acquisition.  As of December 31, 2014, leased tractor equipment was 4.3% and leased trailer equipment 
was 1.5% of the total operating fleet.  We are responsible for the maintenance of the equipment that we lease.  We expect to 
transition away from the use of operating leases on tractor equipment and currently estimate that our operating tractor fleet, with 
the exception of independent contractors, will be 100% owned by the end of 2015. 

The Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) implemented engine requirements designed to reduce emissions over a period of 
time.  These  requirements  have  been  implemented  in  multiple  phases  and  required  progressively  more  restrictive  emission 
requirements in 2007 and 2010.  Compliance with the new emission standards has resulted in a significant increase in the cost of 
new tractors and higher maintenance costs.  As of December 31, 2014, 95% of our owned tractor fleet was 2010 or newer model 
year engine technology.

In addition, in August 2011, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) and EPA adopted a new rule that 
established the first-ever fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards for tractors.  These standards apply to model years 2014 to 
2018, which are required to achieve an approximate 20% reduction in fuel consumption by 2018.  Further, in February 2014 
President Barack Obama announced that his administration will begin developing the next phase of tighter fuel efficiency standards 
for tractors, and directed the EPA and NHTSA to develop new fuel-efficiency and greenhouse gas standards by early 2016.  We 
already have some of the 2014 engine technology in our fleet and have experienced increased new tractor prices and additional 
parts and maintenance costs, which will continue as we upgrade our fleet and could adversely affect our operating results and 
profitability, particularly if such costs are not offset by potential fuel savings.  We cannot predict, however, the extent to which 
our operations and productivity will be impacted.

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Fuel

We purchase diesel fuel ("fuel") over-the-road through a network of fuel stops throughout the United States at which we have 
negotiated price discounts.  In addition, bulk fuel sites are maintained at the majority of our twenty-two terminal locations.   We 
strategically manage fuel purchase decisions based on pricing of over-the-road fuel prices, bulk fuel prices, and the routing of 
equipment.  Both above ground and underground storage tanks are utilized at the bulk fuel sites.  Exposure to environmental 
cleanup costs is minimized by periodic inspection and monitoring of the tanks.  Increases in fuel prices can have an adverse effect 
on the results of operations.  We have fuel surcharge agreements with most customers that enable us to pass through most long-
term price increases.  For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, fuel expense was $219.3 million, $172.3 million, 
and $169.0 million or 29.7%, 36.7%, and 37.5%, respectively, of our total operating expenses.  Department of Energy (“DOE”) 
average price of fuel decreased 2.8%, which had a positive impact on our net fuel cost for the year ended December 31, 2014.  
Additionally, overall fuel efficiency has improved during 2014 due to adding more fuel-efficient late-model tractors to the operating 
fleet, which include various idle management technologies.  Fuel consumed by empty and out-of-route miles and by truck engine 
idling time is not recoverable and therefore any increases or decreases in fuel prices related to empty and out-of-route miles and 
idling time will directly impact our operating results.  

Competition and Industry

The truckload industry is highly competitive and fragmented with thousands of carriers of varying sizes.  We compete with other 
truckload carriers; primarily those serving the regional, short-to-medium haul market.  Logistics providers, railroads, less-than-
truckload carriers, and private fleets provide additional competition but to a lesser extent.  The industry is highly competitive based 
primarily upon freight rates, qualified drivers, service, and equipment availability.  

Over the past year, we have seen improvements in the general economic environment.  Increased demand for trucking services 
and a tightening of capacity has led to an improved trucking environment as well.  We expect demand for our services to continue 
to improve in 2015.  We believe we are well positioned to take advantage of this improved market by providing high-quality 
service and meeting the equipment needs of targeted shippers.  However, strong competition within the industry for the hiring of 
drivers and independent contractors will continue to challenge us and others in our industry.

Safety and Risk Management

We are committed to promoting and maintaining a safe operation. Our safety program is designed to minimize accidents and to 
conduct our business within governmental safety regulations.  We communicate safety issues with drivers on a regular basis and 
emphasize safety through equipment specifications and regularly scheduled maintenance intervals.  Our drivers are compensated 
and recognized for the achievement of a safe driving record.

The primary risks associated with our business include cargo loss and physical damage, personal injury, property damage, and 
workers’ compensation claims.  We self-insure a portion of the exposure related to all of the aforementioned risks. Insurance 
coverage, including self-insurance retention levels, is evaluated on an annual basis. We actively participate in the settlement of 
each claim incurred.

We act as a self-insurer for auto liability involving property damage, personal injury, or cargo based on defined insurance retention 
amounts ranging from $0.5 million to $2.0 million for any individual claim based on the insured party and circumstances of the 
loss event.  Liabilities in excess of these amounts, for any individual claim, are covered by insurance up to $75.0 million.  We 
retain any liability in excess of $75.0 million.  We act as a self-insurer for workers’ compensation liability ranging from $0.5 
million to $1.0 million for any individual claim based on the insured party and circumstances of the loss event.  Liabilities in 
excess of this amount are covered by insurance.  In addition, we maintain primary and excess coverage for employee health 
insurance and catastrophic physical damage coverage is carried to protect against natural disasters.  Finally, we act as a self-insurer 
for any physical damage to our tractors and trailers.

Regulation

We are a common and contract motor carrier regulated by the DOT and various state and local agencies.  The DOT generally 
governs matters such as safety requirements, registration to engage in motor carrier operations, insurance requirements, and periodic 
financial reporting.  Currently, our operating subsidiaries have satisfactory DOT safety ratings, which is the highest available 
rating under the current safety scale.  A conditional or unsatisfactory DOT safety rating could have an adverse effect on us, as 
some of our contracts with customers require a satisfactory rating.  Such matters as weight and dimensions of equipment are also 
subject to federal, state, and international regulations.

5

The DOT, through the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (the “FMCSA”), imposes safety and fitness regulations on us 
and our drivers, including rules that restrict driver hours-of-service.  In December 2011, the FMCSA published its 2011 Hours-
of-Service Final Rule (the “2011 Rule”).  The 2011 Rule requires drivers to take 30-minute breaks after eight hours of consecutive 
driving and reduces the total number of hours a driver is permitted to work during each week from 82 hours to 70 hours.  The 
2011 Rule provides that the 34-hour restart may only be used once per week and must include two rest periods between one a.m. 
and five a.m. (together, the “2011 Restart Restrictions”).  These rule changes became effective on July 1, 2013.

On December 13, 2014, Congress passed the 2015 Omnibus Appropriations bill, which was signed into law December 16, 2014.  
Among other things, the legislation provides relief from the 2011 Restart Restrictions, which essentially reverts back to the more 
straight forward 34-hour restart that was in effect before the 2011 Rule became effective.

During 2009, the FMCSA introduced its Compliance Safety Accountability Program, (“CSA,”) (formerly Comprehensive Safety 
Analysis) which is a set of evaluation standards on the safety performance of motor carriers and drivers by which we are currently 
measured.  CSA enhances the measurement of a motor carrier’s safety performance and adds innovative new tools designed to 
correct deficiencies.  CSA is designed to impact the behavior of carriers and drivers, industry high-risk carriers and drivers, and 
apply a wider range of initiatives to reduce high risk behavior.  Through CSA, the FMCSA along with its state partners includes 
a comprehensive measurement system of all safety-based violations found during roadside inspections and weighing such violations 
by their relationship to crash risk.  Safety performance information is accumulated to assess the safety performance of both carriers 
and drivers.  Prior to January 2015, we had not exceeded any of the performance thresholds established by FMCSA's seven CSA 
categories (unsafe driving, fatigued driving, driver fitness, controlled substances, vehicle maintenance, hazardous materials and 
crash rating).  We monitor our  CSA  scores and compliance through results from roadside inspections and other data available to 
detect positive or negative trends in compliance issues on an ongoing basis.  One of our subsidiaries has recently exceeded the 
established intervention threshold in one of the seven safety-related standards of CSA.  Although the subsidiary exceeded the 
established threshold in one category, the subsidiary maintained an overall satisfactory DOT safety rating.  Based on our historical 
CSA scores we believe this to be an isolated incident and, assuming no further incidents, we expect this subsidiary to be below 
the intervention threshold in this category after one year.  Based on this unfavorable rating, however, we may be prioritized for 
an intervention action or roadside inspection, either of which could adversely affect our results of operations.  Moreover, there 
can be no assurance that our operating subsidiaries will not exceed CSA intervention thresholds in the future. 

The FMCSA also issued new rules that would require nearly all carriers, including us, to install and use electronic on-board 
recording devices (“EOBRs”) in their tractors to electronically monitor truck miles and enforce hours-of-service.  These rules 
were vacated by the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals in August 2011.  In July 2012, Congress passed a federal transportation bill 
that requires promulgation of rules mandating the use of EOBRs (now referred to as electronic logging devices, or “ELDs”) by 
July 2013 with full adoption for all trucking companies no later than July 2015.  It is uncertain if this adoption date will be 
challenged or extended.  We believe the ELD mandate, together with the revised hours-of-service rules and other regulations, 
could result in a reduction in effective trucking capacity to service increased demand.  Although we are not currently required to 
install ELDs in our tractors, we have proactively installed ELDs.  Currently, 100% of our over-the-road tractors have ELDs installed 
including electronic logs.  We believe early adoption and implementation of ELDs among our fleet during 2011 has provided cost 
savings to us by implementing ELDs prior to any final rules by the FMCSA as well as positioning us for future rules mandating 
the use of ELDs.

In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) and other federal, 
state, and municipal authorities implemented and continue to implement various security measures, including checkpoints and 
travel restrictions on large trucks.  The U.S. Transportation Security Administration (“TSA”) adopted regulations that require 
determination by the TSA that each driver who applies for or renews his or her license for carrying hazardous materials is not a 
security threat.  This could reduce the pool of qualified drivers who are permitted to transport hazardous waste, which could require 
us to increase driver compensation, limit our fleet growth, or result in trucks sitting idle.  These regulations also could complicate 
the matching of available equipment with hazardous material shipments, thereby increasing our response time on customer orders 
and our non-revenue miles.  As a result, it is possible we could fail to meet the needs of our customers or could incur increased 
expenses to do so.  While transporting hazardous materials subjects us to a wide array of regulations, the number of hazardous 
material shipments we make is insignificant relative to our total number of shipments.

Our operations are subject to various federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations, implemented principally by the 
EPA and similar state regulatory agencies.  These laws and regulations include the management of underground fuel storage tanks, 
the transportation of hazardous materials, the discharge of pollutants into the air and surface and underground waters, the use of 
engine idling, and the disposal of hazardous waste.  Our truck terminals often are located in industrial areas where groundwater 
or  other  forms  of  environmental  contamination  could  occur.    Our  operations  involve  the  risks  of  fuel  spillage  or  seepage, 
environmental damage, and hazardous waste disposal, among others.  Certain of our facilities have waste oil or fuel storage tanks 
and fueling islands.  Management believes that its operations are in compliance with current laws and regulations and does not 
6

know of any existing condition that would cause compliance with applicable environmental regulations to have a material effect 
on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.  In the event we should fail to comply with applicable regulations,we 
could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil or criminal liability, any of which could have a materially adverse 
effect on our business and operating results.

EPA regulations limiting exhaust emissions became more restrictive in 2010.  In 2010, President Obama signed an executive 
memorandum directing the NHTSA and the EPA to develop new, stricter fuel efficiency standards for heavy tractors.  In August 
2011, the NHTSA and EPA adopted a new rule that established the first-ever fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards for 
medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which include tractors we utilize.  These standards apply to model years 2014 to 2018, which 
are required to achieve an approximate 20% reduction in fuel consumption by 2018.  In addition, in February 2014, President 
Barrack Obama announced that his administration will begin developing the next phase of tighter fuel efficiency standards for 
medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, including tractors we utilize, and directed the EPA and NHTSA to develop new fuel efficiency 
and greenhouse gas standards by March 31, 2016.  We believe these requirements could result in increased new tractor prices and 
additional parts and maintenance costs incurred to retrofit our tractors with technology to achieve compliance with such standards, 
which could adversely affect our operating results and profitability, particularly if such costs are not offset by potential fuel savings. 
We cannot predict, however, the extent to which our operations and productivity will be impacted.

In order to reduce exhaust emissions, some states and municipalities have begun to restrict the locations and amount of time where 
diesel-powered tractors, such as ours, may idle.  These restrictions could force us to alter our drivers’ behavior, purchase on-board 
power units (for portions of our tractor fleet that do not currently have them) that do not require the engine to idle, or face a decrease 
in productivity.

The California Air Resource Board (“CARB”) has adopted emission control regulations which will be applicable to all heavy-
duty tractors that pull 53-foot or longer box-type trailers traveling within the state of California.  The tractors and trailers subject 
to these CARB regulations must be either EPA SmartWay certified or equipped with low-rolling, resistance tires and retrofitted 
with SmartWay-approved aerodynamic technologies.  Enforcement of these CARB regulations for model year 2011 equipment 
began in 2010 and will be phased in over several years for older equipment.  We will continue monitoring our compliance with 
the CARB regulations.  Federal and state lawmakers also have proposed potential limits on carbon emissions under a variety of 
climate-change proposals.  Compliance with such regulations has increased the cost of our new trailers, will continue to increase 
the cost of any new trailers that we will operate in California, required us to retrofit certain of our pre-2011 model year trailers 
that  operate  in  California,  and  could  impair  equipment  productivity and  increase  operating expenses.   These  adverse  effects, 
combined with the uncertainty as to the reliability of the newly-designed diesel engines and the residual value of these vehicles, 
could materially increase our costs or otherwise adversely affect our business or operations.

As of October 2013, any entity acting as a broker or a freight forwarder is required to obtain authority from the FMCSA, and is 
subject to a minimum $75,000 financial security requirement, increased from the previous requirement of $10,000.  We are licensed 
by the FMCSA as a property broker and are in compliance with the financial security requirement.  This new requirement may 
limit entry of new brokers into the market or cause current brokers to exit the market.  Such persons may seek agent relationships 
with companies such as us to avoid this increased cost.  If they do not seek out agent relationships, the number of brokers in the 
industry could decrease.

We may also become subject to new or more restrictive regulations relating to matters such as fuel emissions and ergonomics.  
Our  drivers  and  independent  contractors  also  must  comply  with  the  safety  and  fitness  regulations  promulgated  by  the  DOT, 
including those relating to drug and alcohol testing.  Additional changes in the laws and regulations governing our industry could 
affect the economics of the industry by requiring changes in operating practices or by influencing the demand for, and the costs 
of providing, services to shippers.

Available Information

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Definitive Proxy Statements, Current Reports on Form 8-K 
and other information filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") are available to the public, free of charge,  
through the “Investors” section on our Internet website, at http://www.heartlandexpress.com.  Information on our website is not 
incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.  You may also access and read our filings with the SEC without charge through 
the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.  

7

RISK FACTORS

Our future results may be affected by a number of factors over which we have little or no control. The following discussion of 
risk factors contains forward-looking statements as discussed in "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" above.  
The following issues, uncertainties, and risks, among others, should be considered in evaluating our business and growth outlook.    
If any of the following risk factors, as well as other risks and uncertainties that are not currently known to us or that we currently 
believe are not material, actually occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely 
affected and you may lose all or a significant part of your investment. 

Our business is subject to general economic and business factors affecting the trucking industry that are largely out of our 
control, any of which could have a materially adverse effect on our operating results.

The truckload industry is highly cyclical and our business is dependent on a number of factors that may have a negative impact 
on our results of operations, many of which are beyond our control. We believe that some of the most significant of these factors 
are economic changes that affect supply and demand, in transportation markets, such as:

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recessionary economic conditions and downturns in customers’ business cycles;

changes in customers’ inventory levels and in the availability of funding for their working capital;

excess tractor and trailer capacity in comparison with shipping demand;

the rate of unemployment and availability of and compensation for alternative jobs for truck drivers;

activity in key economic indicators such as manufacturing of automobiles and durable goods, and housing construction;

supply chain disruptions due to factors such as weather, strikes or slowdowns affecting ports and other shipping locations 
or other transportation providers, and railroad congestion; and

changes in interest rates.

Conditions that decrease shipping demand or increase the supply of tractors and trailers can exert downward pressure on rates and 
equipment  utilization,  thereby  decreasing  asset  productivity. The  risks  associated  with  these  factors  are  heightened  when  the 
U.S. economy is weakened. Some of the principal risks of such conditions are as follows:

(cid:127) we may experience a reduction in overall freight levels, which may impair our asset utilization;

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certain of our customers may face credit issues and could experience cash flow problems that may lead to payment delays, 
increased credit risk, bankruptcies and other financial hardships that could result in even lower freight demand and may 
require us to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts;

freight  patterns  may  change  as  supply  chains  are  redesigned,  resulting  in  an  imbalance  between  our  capacity  and  our 
customers’ freight demand;

customers may solicit bids for freight from multiple trucking companies or select competitors that offer lower rates from 
among existing choices in an attempt to lower their costs and we might be forced to lower our rates or lose freight;

(cid:127) we may be forced to accept more freight from freight brokers, where freight rates are typically lower, or may be forced to 

incur more non-revenue miles to obtain loads; and 

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the resale value of our equipment may decline, which could negatively impact our earnings and cash flows.

We also are subject to potential increases in various costs and other events that are outside of our control that could materially 
reduce our profitability if we are unable to increase our rates sufficiently.  Such cost increases include, but are not limited to, fuel 
8

and energy prices, taxes and interest rates, tolls, license and registration fees, insurance premiums, revenue equipment and related 
maintenance costs, and healthcare and other benefits for our employees.  We cannot predict whether, or in what form, any such 
cost increase or event could occur. Any such cost increase or event could adversely affect our profitability.

In addition, we cannot predict future economic conditions, fuel price fluctuations or how consumer confidence could be affected 
by actual or threatened armed conflicts or terrorist attacks, government efforts to combat terrorism, military action against a foreign 
state or group located in a foreign state, or heightened security requirements.  Enhanced security measures could impair our 
operating efficiency and productivity and result in higher operating costs.

Our growth may not continue at historical rates, if at all, and any decrease in revenues or profits may impair our ability 
to implement our business strategy, which could have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations.

Historically, we have experienced significant and rapid growth in revenue and profits.  There can be no assurance that our business 
will continue to grow in a similar fashion in the future, or at all, or that we can effectively adapt our management, administrative, 
and operational systems to respond to any future growth.  Further, there can be no assurance that our operating margins will not 
be adversely affected by future changes in and expansion of our business or by changes in economic conditions.

We have established terminals throughout the United States in order to serve markets in various regions.  These regional operations 
require the commitment of additional personnel and revenue equipment, as well as management resources, for future development 
and  establishing  terminals  and  operations  in  new  markets  could  require  more  time,  resources  or  a  more  substantial  financial 
commitment than anticipated.  Should the growth in our regional operations stagnate or decline, the results of our operations could 
be adversely affected.  As we continue to expand, it may become more difficult to identify large cities that can support a terminal 
and we may expand into smaller cities where there is insufficient economic activity, fewer opportunities for growth and fewer 
drivers and non-driver personnel to support the terminal.  We may encounter operating conditions in these new markets, as well 
as our current markets, that differ substantially from our current operations and customer relationships and appropriate freight 
rates in new markets could be challenging to attain.  These challenges may negatively impact our growth, which could have a 
materially adverse effect on our ability to execute our business strategy and our results of operations. 

We are highly dependent on a few major customers, the loss of one or more of which could have a materially adverse effect 
on our business.

A significant portion of our operating revenue is generated from several major customers.  For the year ended December 31, 2014, 
our top 25 customers, based on operating revenue, accounted for approximately 68% of our operating revenue.  We cannot assure 
you that our customer relationships will continue as presently in effect or that we will receive our current customer rate levels in 
the future.  A reduction in freight volumes or our services or termination of our services by one or more of our major customers, 
could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating results.  In addition, if any of our major customers experience 
financial hardship, the demand for our services could decrease, which could negatively affect our operating results.

Indebtedness under our Credit Agreement could have adverse consequences on our future operations.

Prior to the acquisition of GTI, we had not had outstanding indebtedness since the third quarter of 1997.  Accordingly, we had not 
been required to devote any cash flows from operations to debt service payments, and we were not subject to affirmative and 
negative covenants customarily in a bank debt facility that impose restrictions on the operation of our business.  In conjunction 
with the acquisition of GTI, we entered into a five-year, unsecured credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 
(the “Credit Agreement”), in the original amount of $250.0 million.  The Credit Agreement includes periodic, permanent reductions 
in the lending commitment during the term of the facility.  As of November 1, 2014, the lending commitment was reduced to 
$225.0  million.   At  December 31,  2014,  we  had  $24.6  million  outstanding  borrowings  under  the  Credit Agreement.   As  of 
January 31, 2015, we had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement.  Any indebtedness under the Credit Agreement 
could have adverse consequences on our future operations, including:

9

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resulting in an event of default if we fail to comply with the financial and other covenants contained in the Credit Agreement, 
which could result in all of our debt thereunder becoming immediately due and payable;

reducing the availability of our cash flows to fund organic growth, working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, stock 
repurchases, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

limiting our flexibility in planning for or reacting to and increasing our vulnerability to, changes in our business, the industry 
in which we operate and the general economy; and

increasing our vulnerability to the impact of adverse economic and industry conditions.

If our cash flows and capital resources are inadequate to service our obligations under the Credit Agreement, we may be forced 
to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures, or to sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our 
indebtedness.   These  alternative  measures  may  not  be  successful  and  may  not  permit  us  to  meet  our  scheduled  debt  service 
obligations.  In the event that we need to refinance all or a portion of our outstanding debt before maturity or as it matures, we 
may be unable to obtain terms as favorable as the current terms of the Credit Agreement.

We have significant ongoing capital requirements that could affect our profitability if we are unable to generate sufficient 
cash from operations and obtain financing on favorable terms.

The truckload industry is capital intensive, and our historical policy of operating late-model revenue equipment requires us to 
invest significant amounts annually to maintain a newer average age for our fleet of revenue equipment.  We expect to pay for 
projected capital expenditures with cash flows from operations, proceeds from sales of equipment being replaced, and perhaps 
with proceeds of borrowings.  If we are unable to generate sufficient cash from operations, or proceeds from sales of equipment 
being replaced, or utilize borrowing capacity on our Credit Agreement, we would need to seek alternative sources of capital, 
including additional financing, to meet our capital requirements.  In the event that we are unable to generate sufficient cash from 
operations or obtain additional financing on favorable terms in the future, we may have to limit our fleet size, enter into less 
favorable financing arrangements, or operate our revenue equipment for longer periods, any of which could have a materially 
adverse effect on our profitability.  

Increased prices, reduced productivity, and restricted availability of new revenue equipment and decreased demand and 
value of used equipment may adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.

We are subject to risk with respect to higher prices for new tractors.  Prices may increase due to, among other reasons, (i) increases 
in commodity prices, (ii) government regulations applicable to newly manufactured tractors, trailers and diesel engines and (iii) 
the pricing discretion of equipment manufacturers.  In addition, the engines installed in our newer tractors are subject to emissions 
control regulations issued by the EPA.  The regulations require reductions in exhaust emissions from diesel engines manufactured 
in  or  after  2010.    Compliance  with  such  regulations  has  increased  the  cost  of  our  new  tractors  and  could  impair  equipment 
productivity, lower fuel mileage and increase our operating expenses.  These adverse effects, combined with the uncertainty as to 
the reliability of the vehicles equipped with the newly designed diesel engines and the residual values realized from the disposition 
of these vehicles, could increase our costs or otherwise adversely affect our business or operations as the regulations become 
effective.

The market for used equipment is cyclical and can be volatile, and any downturn in the market could negatively impact our earnings 
and cash flows.  In recent periods, we have recognized significant gains on the sale of our used tractors and trailers, in part because 
of a strong used equipment market.  During periods of lower used equipment values, we may generate lower gains on sale, which 
would reduce our earnings and cash flows, and could adversely impact our liquidity and financial condition.  Alternatively, we 
could decide, or be forced, to operate our equipment longer, which could negatively impact maintenance and repairs expense, 
customer service, and driver satisfaction.

If diesel fuel prices increase significantly, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our operations are dependent upon diesel fuel.  Prices and availability of petroleum products are subject to political, economic, 
weather-related, geographic and market factors that are outside our control and each of which may lead to fluctuations in the cost 
of fuel.  Because our operations are dependent upon diesel fuel, significant increases in diesel fuel costs could materially and 
adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition if we are unable to pass increased costs on to customers through 
rate increases or fuel surcharges.  Even if we are able to pass some increased costs on to customers, fuel surcharge programs 

10

generally do not protect us against all of the increases in fuel prices.  Moreover, in times of rising fuel prices, the lag between 
purchasing the fuel, and the billing for the surcharge (which typically is based on the prior week's average price), can negatively 
impact our earnings and cash flows.  In addition, the terms of each customer's fuel surcharge agreement vary, and customers may 
seek to modify the terms of their fuel surcharge agreements to minimize recoverability for fuel price increases.  Our results of 
operations and cash flows would be negatively affected to the extent we cannot recover higher fuel costs or fail to improve our 
fuel price protection through our fuel surcharge program.  Increases in fuel prices, or a shortage or rationing of diesel fuel, could 
also materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

Difficulty in attracting and retaining drivers, including independent contractors, may have a materially adverse effect on 
our business.

Difficulty in attracting or retaining qualified drivers, including independent contractors, could have a materially adverse effect on 
our growth and profitability. Competition for drivers, which has been historically intense, may increase even more as the overall 
demand for freight services increases with improvements in economic conditions. We have seen evidence that CSA and stricter 
hours-of-service (“HOS”) regulations adopted by the United States DOT in July 2013 have tightened, and may continue to tighten, 
the market for eligible drivers.  If a shortage of drivers were to occur, or if we were unable to attract and contract with independent 
contractors, we could be forced to, among other things, limit our growth, decrease the number of our tractors in service, or adjust 
our driver compensation package or independent contractor compensation, which could adversely affect our profitability and 
results of operations if not offset by a corresponding increase in customer rates.  In addition, our independent contractors are 
responsible for paying for their own equipment, fuel and other operating costs.  Significant increases in these costs could cause 
them to seek higher compensation from us or seek other opportunities within or outside the trucking industry.

If our independent contractors are deemed by regulators or judicial process to be employees, our business and results of 
operations could be adversely affected. 

Tax and other regulatory authorities have in the past sought to assert that independent contractors in the trucking industry are 
employees rather than independent contractors. Members of Congress have frequently proposed federal legislation that would 
make it easier to reclassify independent contractors as employees and impose increased recordkeeping and compliance obligations 
on businesses that use independent contractors.  Some states have put initiatives in place to increase their revenues from items 
such as unemployment, workers’ compensation and income taxes, and a reclassification of independent contractors as employees 
would help states with this initiative.  Further, class actions and other lawsuits have been filed in our industry seeking to reclassify 
independent contractors as employees for a variety of purposes, including workers’ compensation and health care coverage. Taxing 
and other regulatory authorities and courts apply a variety of standards in their determination of independent contractors’ status. 
If our independent contractors are determined to be our employees, we would incur additional exposure under federal and state 
tax, workers’ compensation, unemployment benefits, labor, employment and tort laws, including for prior periods, as well as 
potential liability for employee benefits and tax withholdings. 

We operate in a highly regulated industry and increased costs of compliance with, or liability for violation of, existing or 
future regulations could have a materially adverse effect on our business.

We operate in the United States pursuant to operating authority granted by the DOT.  Our company drivers and independent 
contractors also must comply with the safety and fitness regulations of the DOT, including those relating to CSA safety performance 
and  measurements,  drug  and  alcohol  testing  and  HOS.    Weight  and  equipment  dimensions  also  are  subject  to  government 
regulations.  We also may become subject to new or more restrictive regulations relating to exhaust emissions, drivers' HOS, 
ergonomics, ELDs, collective bargaining, security at ports, and other matters affecting safety or operating methods. 

In July 2012, Congress passed a federal transportation bill that requires promulgation of rules mandating the use of ELDs by July 
2013 with full adoption for all trucking companies no later than July 2015.  In March 2014, the FMCSA announced a Supplemental 
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to mandate ELDs.  The effective date and publication date in the Federal Register were not 
announced.  The rule will go into effect two years after the final rule is issued.  It is uncertain if this adoption date will be challenged 
or extended.  We believe the ELD mandate, together with the revised HOS rules and other regulations, could result in a reduction 
in effective trucking capacity to service increased demand.  Although we are not currently required to install ELDs in our tractors, 
we have proactively installed ELDs.  Since December 31, 2011, 100% of our over-the-road tractors have had ELDs installed 
including electronic logs.  Such installation could cause an increase in driver turn-over, information that can be used in litigation, 
cost increases, and decreased asset utilization.  

Federal,  state,  and  municipal  authorities  have  implemented  and  continue  to  implement  various  security  measures,  including 
checkpoints and travel restrictions on large trucks.  The TSA has adopted regulations that require a determination by the TSA that 
each driver who applies for or renews his or her license for carrying hazardous materials is not a security threat.  This could reduce 

11

the pool of qualified drivers, which could require us to increase driver compensation, limit our fleet growth, or let trucks sit idle.  
These regulations also could complicate the matching of available equipment with hazardous material shipments, thereby increasing 
our response time on customer orders and our non-revenue miles. As a result, it is possible we may fail to meet the needs of our 
customers or may incur increased expenses to do so.  These security measures could negatively impact our operating results.

Some states and municipalities have begun to restrict the locations and amount of time where diesel-powered tractors, such as 
ours, may idle, in order to reduce exhaust emissions.  These restrictions could force us to alter our drivers’ behavior, purchase on-
board power units (for portions of our tractor fleet that do not currently have them) that do not require the engine to idle, or face 
a decrease in productivity.

Future laws and regulations may be more stringent and require changes in our operating practices, influence the demand for 
transportation services or require us to incur significant additional costs.  Higher costs incurred by us or by our suppliers who pass 
the costs on to us through higher prices could adversely affect our results of operations.  The Regulation section in Item 1 of this 
Annual  Report  discusses  several  proposed,  pending,  and  final  regulations  that  could  significantly  impact  our  business  and 
operations.

Safety-related evaluations and rankings under CSA could adversely affect our profitability and operations, our ability 
to maintain or grow our fleet, and our customer relationships.

Under CSA, drivers and fleets are evaluated and ranked based on certain safety-related standards.  The methodology for determining 
a carrier's DOT safety rating has been expanded to include the on-road safety performance of the carrier's drivers.  As a result, 
certain current and potential drivers may no longer be eligible to drive for us, our fleet could be ranked poorly as compared to our 
peers, and our safety rating could be adversely impacted.  A reduction in eligible drivers or a poor fleet ranking may result in 
difficulty attracting and retaining qualified drivers, including impacting our number of unmanned trucks, and could cause our 
customers to direct their business away from us and to carriers with higher fleet rankings, which would adversely affect our results 
of operations.  Additionally, competition for drivers with favorable safety ratings may increase and thus provide for increases in 
driver related compensation cost.  One of our subsidiaries has recently exceeded the established intervention threshold in one of 
the seven safety-related standards of CSA.  Based on this unfavorable rating, we may be prioritized for an intervention action or 
roadside inspection.  In addition, from time to time we could further exceed the FMCSA's established intervention thresholds 
under certain categories, which could also cause our drivers to be prioritized for intervention action or roadside inspection by 
regulatory authorities.  Such action or inspection could adversely affect our results of operations and we may incur greater than 
expected expenses in our attempts to improve our scores.

Our operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations, the violation of which could result in substantial 
fines or penalties.

In addition to direct regulation by the DOT and other agencies, we are subject to various environmental laws and regulations 
dealing with the handling of hazardous materials, waste oil, underground fuel storage tanks, and discharge and retention of storm-
water.  We operate in industrial areas, where truck terminals and other industrial facilities are located and where groundwater or 
other  forms  of  environmental  contamination  have  occurred.  Our  operations  involve  the  risks  of  fuel  spillage  or  seepage, 
environmental damage and hazardous waste disposal, among others.  We also maintain bulk waste oil or fuel storage and fuel 
islands at the majority of our facilities.  If (i) we are involved in a spill or other accident involving hazardous substances, (ii) there 
are releases of hazardous substances we transport, (iii) soil or groundwater contamination is found at our facilities or results from 
our operations or (iv) we are found to be in violation of or fail to comply with applicable environmental laws or regulations, then 
we could be subject to clean-up costs and liabilities, including substantial fines or penalties or civil and criminal liability, any of 
which could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Our business also is subject to the effects of new tractor engine design requirements implemented by the EPA.  In August 2011, 
the NHTSA and EPA adopted a new rule that established the first-ever fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards for medium- 
and heavy-duty vehicles, which include tractors we utilize.  These standards apply to model years 2014 to 2018, which are required 
to achieve an approximate 20% reduction in fuel consumption by 2018.  In addition, President Barack Obama announced that his 
administration will begin developing the next phase of tighter fuel efficiency standards for medium and heavy-duty vehicles, 
including tractors, and directed the EPA and NHTSA to develop new fuel-efficiency and greenhouse gas standards by March 31, 
2016.  Additional changes in the laws and regulations governing or impacting our industry could affect the economics of the 
industry by requiring changes in operating practices or by influencing the demand for, and the costs of providing, services to 
shippers.

12

We are exposed to risks related to our acquisition of GTI and we may not be able to achieve the benefits we expected at 
the time of the acquisition.  Any failure to implement our business strategy with respect to the GTI acquisition could 
negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have partially completed the integration of GTI’s business into our own.  However, additional activities, remain to be completed, 
and many of these activities involve third parties, including customers, drivers, and suppliers, whose actions are out of our control.  
We have not yet achieved, and may never achieve, the full benefit of the revenue enhancements and cost savings we expected at 
the time of the acquisition.  In addition, even if we achieve the expected benefits, we may be unable to achieve them within the 
anticipated time frame. Also, the cost savings and other benefits may be offset by unexpected costs incurred in integrating GTI, 
increases in other expenses, or problems in the business unrelated to the GTI acquisition.  If the integration is not successful, or 
if we fail to implement our business strategy with respect to the acquisition, we may be unable to achieve expected results and 
our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Specific risks associated with the remaining integration include the following:

the potential loss of customers, employees, suppliers, other business partners or independent contractors;

failure  to  effectively  consolidate  functional  areas,  which  may  be  impeded  by  inconsistencies  in,  or  conflicts  between, 
standards, controls, procedures, policies, business cultures and compensation structures;

potential future impairment charges, write-offs, write-downs or restructuring charges that could adversely affect our results 
of operations;

significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting;

increased tax liability or other tax risk if future earnings are less than anticipated, there is a change in the deductibility of 
items, or we are unable realize the benefits of a special tax election referred to as a “Section 338(h)(10) election”;

exposure to unknown liabilities or other obligations of GTI, which may include matters relating to employment, labor and 
employee benefits, litigation, accident claims and environmental issues, and which may affect our ability to comply with 
applicable laws;

the ongoing integration and management of technologies and services of the two companies, including the consolidation 
and integration of information systems;

the coordination of resources across broad geographical areas;

the loss of truck drivers of GTI or our historical operations due to differences in pay, policies, business culture, branding, 
or other factors, or an increase in costs of recruiting and retaining truck drivers; and

the challenges of moving toward a single brand and market identity.

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(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

We may not make acquisitions in the future, or if we do, we may not be successful in integrating the acquired company, 
either of which could have a materially adverse effect on our business.

Historically, acquisitions have been a part of our growth.  There is no assurance that we will be successful in identifying, negotiating, 
or consummating any future acquisitions.  If we fail to make any future acquisitions, our growth rate could be materially and 
adversely affected.  Any additional acquisitions we undertake could involve the dilutive issuance of equity securities, incurring 
indebtedness and/or incurring large one-time expenses.  In addition, acquisitions involve numerous risks, including difficulties in 
assimilating the acquired company's operations, the diversion of our management's attention from other business concerns, risks 
of entering into markets in which we have had no or only limited direct experience, and the potential loss of customers, key 
employees and drivers of the acquired company, all of which could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating 
results.  If we make acquisitions in the future, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to successfully integrate the acquired 
companies or assets into our business, which would have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and 
results of operations.

13

If we are unable to retain our key employees or find, develop and retain terminal managers, our business, financial condition 
and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We are highly dependent upon the services of several executive officers and key management employees.  The loss of any of their 
services could have a short-term, negative impact on our operations and profitability.  We currently do not have employment 
agreements with any of our key employees or executive officers, and the loss of any of their services could negatively impact our 
operations and future profitability.  We must continue to develop and retain a core group of managers if we are to realize our goal 
of expanding our operations and continuing our growth.  Failing to develop and retain a core group of managers could have a 
materially adverse effect on our business.    

Seasonality and the impact of weather affect our operations and profitability.

Our tractor productivity decreases during the winter season because inclement weather impedes operations, and some shippers 
reduce their shipments after the winter holiday season.  Revenue can also be affected by bad weather and holidays, since revenue 
is directly related to available working days of shippers.  At the same time, operating expenses increase and fuel efficiency declines 
because of engine idling and harsh weather, which creates higher accident frequency, increased claims, and more equipment repairs. 
We can also suffer short-term impacts from weather-related events such as hurricanes, blizzards, ice storms, and floods that could 
harm our results or make our results more volatile.  Weather and other seasonal events could adversely affect our operating results.

We self-insure for a significant portion of our claims exposure, which could significantly increase the volatility of, and 
decrease the amount of, our earnings.

Our future insurance and claims expense might exceed historical levels, which could reduce our earnings. We self-insure for a 
portion of our claims exposure resulting from workers’ compensation, auto liability, general liability, cargo and property damage 
claims, as well as employees’ health insurance.  We are also responsible for our legal expenses relating to such claims. We reserve 
currently for anticipated losses and related expenses. We periodically evaluate and adjust our claims reserves to reflect trends in 
our own experience as well as industry trends.  However, ultimate results may differ from our estimates, which could result in 
losses over our reserved amounts.  We do not currently maintain directors’ and officers’ insurance coverage, although we are 
obligated to indemnify them against certain liabilities they may incur while serving in such capacities.

We maintain insurance with licensed insurance carriers for the amounts in excess of our self-insured portion.  It is possible that 
one or more claims could exceed our aggregate coverage limits.  Insurance carriers that provide excess insurance coverage to us 
currently and for past claim years have encountered financial issues.  Insurance carriers have raised premiums for many businesses, 
including trucking companies.  As a result, our insurance and claims expense could increase, or we could raise our self-insured 
retention when our policies are renewed or replaced.  If these expenses increase, or if we experience a claim in excess of our 
coverage limits, we experience a claim for which coverage is not provided or we experience a claim that is covered and our 
insurance company fails to perform, results of our operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We are dependent on computer and communications systems, and a systems failure could cause a significant disruption 
to our business.

Our business depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications hardware systems and 
infrastructure including our communications with our fleet of revenue equipment.  We currently use a centralized computer network 
and regular communication to achieve system-wide load coordination.  Our operating system is critical to understanding customer 
demands,  accepting  and  planning  loads,  dispatching  drivers  and  equipment,  and  billing  and  collecting  for  our  services.    Our 
operations and those of our technology and communications service providers are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, 
power loss, telecommunications failure, terrorist attacks, internet failures, computer viruses, deliberate attacks of unauthorized 
access to systems, denial-of-service attacks on websites and other events beyond our control.  If any of our critical systems fail 
or become otherwise unavailable, whether as a result of the upgrade project or otherwise, we would have to perform the functions 
manually, which could temporarily impact our ability to manage our fleet efficiently, to respond to customers’ requests effectively, 
to maintain billing and other records reliably and to bill for services and prepare financial statements accurately or in a timely 
manner.  Any significant system failure, upgrade complication, security breach or other system disruption could interrupt or delay 
our operations, damage our reputation, cause us to lose customers or impact our ability to manage our operations and report our 
financial performance, any of which could have a materially adverse effect on our business.

14

Concentrated ownership of our stock can influence stockholder decisions, may discourage a change in control, and may 
have an adverse effect on share price of our stock.

Investors who purchase our common stock may be subject to certain risks due to the concentrated ownership of our common stock. 
The Gerdin family, our directors, and our executive officers, as a group, own or control approximately 49% of our common stock. 
This ownership concentration may have the effect of discouraging, delaying, or preventing a change in control, and may also have 
an adverse effect on the market price of our shares.  As a result of their ownership, the Gerdin family, the executive officers and 
directors, as a group, may have the ability to influence the outcome of any matter submitted to our stockholders for approval, 
including the election of directors.  This concentration of ownership could limit the price that some investors might be willing to 
pay for our common stock, and could allow the Gerdin family to prevent or could discourage or delay a change of control, which 
other stockholders may favor.  Further, our bylaws have been amended to “opt out” of the Nevada control share statute.  Accordingly, 
an acquisition of more than a majority of our common stock by the Gerdin family will not result in certain shares in excess of a 
majority losing their voting rights and may enhance the Gerdin family's ability to exercise control over decisions affecting us.  The 
interests of the Gerdin family may conflict with the interests of other holders of our common stock, and they may take actions 
affecting us with which other stockholders disagree.

Efforts by labor unions could divert management's attention and could have a materially adverse effect on our operating 
results.

Any attempt to organize by our employees could result in increased legal and other associated costs.  In addition, if an attempted 
organizing effort were successful and we were to enter into a collective bargaining agreement, the terms could negatively affect 
our costs, efficiency and ability to generate acceptable returns on the affected operations. 

PROPERTIES

Our headquarters is located in North Liberty, Iowa which is located on Interstate 380 near the intersection of Interstates 380 and 
80.  The headquarters is located on 40 acres of land along the Cedar Rapids/Iowa City business corridor and includes a 65,000 
square foot office building and a 32,600 square foot shop and maintenance building.  

The following table provides information regarding our terminal facilities:

Company Location
Albany, Oregon
Atlanta, Georgia
Boise, Idaho
Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Chester, Virginia
Clackamas, Oregon
Columbus, Ohio
Denver, Colorado
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Indianapolis, Indiana (1)
Jacksonville, Florida
Kingsport, Tennessee
Lathrop, California
Medford, Oregon
North Liberty, Iowa (2)
O’Fallon, Missouri
Olive Branch, Mississippi
Pacific, Washington
Phoenix, Arizona
Pontoon Beach, Illinois
Rancho Cucamonga, California
Seagoville, Texas

Office
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Shop
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Fuel
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes

Owned or
Leased
Leased
Owned
Leased
Owned
Owned
Leased
Owned
Leased
Leased
Leased
Owned
Owned
Owned
Leased
Owned
Owned
Owned
Leased
Owned
Leased
Leased
Owned

15

(1) This location includes a land lease for a location that is separate from the terminal location. 
(2) Corporation headquarters.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are a party to ordinary, routine litigation and administrative proceedings incidental to our business. These proceedings primarily 
involve  claims  for  personal  injury,  property  damage,  cargo,  and  workers’  compensation  incurred  in  connection  with  the 
transportation of freight.  We maintain insurance to cover liabilities arising from the transportation of freight for amounts in excess 
of certain self-insured retentions.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Price Range of Common Stock

Our common stock trades on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol HTLD.  The following table sets forth, for 
the calendar periods indicated, the range of high and low price quotations for our common stock as reported by The NASDAQ 
Global Select Market and our Company’s dividends declared per common share from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014.

Period

High

Low

Dividends
declared per
Common
Share

Calendar Year 2014
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Calendar Year 2013
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter

$

23.05

$

19.41

$

23.53

25.07

27.96

19.96

21.10

22.30

$

14.21

$

12.98

$

14.58

15.09

19.74

12.99

13.80

13.74

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

On February 26, 2015, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The NASDAQ Global Select Market was $25.50 per 
share.

The prices reported reflect inter-dealer quotations without retail mark-ups, markdowns or commissions, and may not represent 
actual transactions.  As of February 26, 2015, we had 215 stockholders of record of our common stock.  However, we estimate 
that we have a significantly greater number of stockholders because a substantial number of our shares of record are held by 
brokers or dealers for their customers in street names.

Dividend Policy

During the third quarter of 2003, we announced the implementation of a quarterly cash dividend program.  We have declared and 
paid quarterly dividends for the past forty-six consecutive quarters.  During 2014 and 2013, we declared quarterly dividends as 
detailed below.

Payment amount (per common
share)
Payment amount total for all shares
(in millions)

1st Quarter

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

2014

$0.02

$1.7

$0.02

$1.7

$0.02

$1.8

$0.02

$1.8

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Payment amount (per common
share)
Payment amount total for all shares
(in millions)

1st Quarter

2nd Quarter

3rd Quarter

4th Quarter

2013

$0.02

$1.7

$0.02

$1.7

$0.02

$1.7

$0.02

$1.8

We currently intend to continue the quarterly cash dividend program.  However, future payments of cash dividends will depend 
upon our financial condition, results of operations and capital requirements, as well as other factors deemed relevant by the Board 
of Directors.

Stock Repurchase

In 2001, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase 15.4 million shares, adjusted for stock splits, of our common 
stock in open market or negotiated transactions using available cash, cash equivalents and investments which was subsequently 
amended in February 2012 to increase the remaining number of authorized shares for repurchase to 5 million.  Approximately 3.2 
million shares remained authorized for repurchase under the program as of December 31, 2014 and the program has no expiration 
date. There were no shares repurchased in the open market during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and 1.8 million 
shares repurchased during 2012.  Shares repurchased during 2012 were accounted for as treasury stock.  Shares purchased under 
the program prior to 2012 were retired.  We have omitted tabular disclosure of share repurchases given that, during the relevant 
periods, no repurchases were made and the number of shares authorized for repurchase remained the same at approximately 3.2 
million.  Thus, additional tabular disclosure would be immaterial. 

The specific timing and amount of repurchases will be determined by market conditions, cash flow requirements, securities law 
limitations, and other factors.  Repurchases will continue from time to time, as conditions permit, until the number of shares 
authorized to be repurchased have been bought, or until the authorization to repurchase is terminated, whichever occurs first.  The 
share repurchase authorization is discretionary and has no expiration date.  The repurchase program may be suspended, modified, 
or discontinued at any time without prior notice.   

Stock-based Compensation

In July, 2011, a Special Meeting of Stockholders of Heartland Express, Inc. was held, at which meeting the approval of the Heartland 
Express, Inc. 2011 Restricted Stock Award Plan (the “Plan”) was ratified.  The Plan authorized the issuance of up to 0.9 million 
shares and is administered by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors (the “Committee”).  In accordance with 
and subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee has the authority to determine all provisions of awards of restricted stock, 
including, without limitation, the employees who will receive awards, the number of shares awarded to individual employees, the 
time or times when awards will be granted, restrictions and other conditions (including, for example, the lapse of time) to which 
the vesting of awards may be subject, and other terms and conditions and form of agreement to be entered into by us and employees 
subject to awards of restricted stock.  Per the terms of the awards, employees receiving awards will have all of the rights of a 
stockholder with respect to the unvested restricted shares including, but not limited to, the right to receive such cash dividends, if 
any, as may be declared on such shares from time to time and the right to vote such shares at any meeting of our stockholders.   

The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2014, information about compensation plans under which our equity securities 
are authorized for issuance:

Number of
Securities to be
Issued upon
Expiration of
Vesting
Requirements
(a)

Weighted
Average
Stock Price
on Date of
Grant
(b)

Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance under
Equity Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities
Reflected in Column (a))
(c)

Equity compensation plan approved by
stockholders

183,066

$

15.22

502,686

17

 
 
The following table summarizes our restricted stock award activity for the years ended December 31, 2014, December 31, 2013, 
and December 31, 2012.    

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

2014

Number of Restricted
Stock Awards (in
thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

211.5

52.2
(75.6)
(5.0)
183.1

$

$

2013

13.81

25.40

14.34

13.57

16.78

Number of Restricted
Stock Awards (in
thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

276.8

23.0
(75.3)
(13.0)
211.5

$

$

2012

13.57

17.28

14.04

13.57

13.81

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

Number of Restricted
Stock Awards (in
thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

351.0

—
(70.2)
(4.0)
276.8

$

$

13.57

—

13.57

13.57

13.57

18

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected consolidated financial data presented below is derived from our consolidated financial statements. The information 
set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 
of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto within this Annual Report.

Statements of Income Data:

Operating revenue

Operating expenses:

Salaries, wages, and benefits

Rent and purchased transportation

Fuel

Operations and maintenance

Operating taxes and licenses

Insurance and claims

Communications and utilities

Depreciation and amortization (1)
Other operating expenses

Gain on disposal of property and equipment

Operating income (1)

Interest income

Interest expense

Income before income taxes (1)
Federal and state income taxes

Net income (1)

Weighted average shares outstanding (5)

Basic

Diluted

Earnings per share (1)

Basic

Diluted

Dividends declared per share (2)
Balance Sheet data:

Net working capital

Total assets
Long-term debt (3)

Stockholders' equity (2)

Year Ended December 31,

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

2014

2013 (4)

2012

2011

2010

$

871,355

$

582,257

$

545,745

$

528,623

$

499,516

278,126

51,950

219,261

39,052

20,370

17,946

6,494

108,566

31,266
(33,544)
739,487

131,868

195
(446)
131,617

46,783

178,736

12,808

172,315

22,345

10,516

14,888

3,552

68,908

19,157
(33,270)
469,955

112,302

462
(208)
112,556

41,974

167,073

6,273

168,981

25,282

8,694

14,906

2,953

57,158

14,633
(15,109)
450,844

94,901

674

—

95,575

34,034

166,717

7,527

161,915

20,938

9,225

13,142

2,957

57,226

14,552
(32,133)
422,066

106,557

773

—

107,330

37,398

$

84,834

$

70,582

$

61,541

$

69,932

$

87,748

87,923

85,209

85,441

85,892

86,201

89,656

89,673

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.97

0.96

0.08

81,944

759,994

24,600
476,587

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.83

0.83

0.08

55,732

724,841

75,000
397,653

0.72

0.71

1.08

146,070

467,737

—
290,364

0.78

0.78

0.08

167,772

525,666

—
340,771

$

$

$

$

167,980

9,460

126,477

17,086

8,480

12,526

3,187

61,949

14,239
(13,317)
408,067

91,449

1,424

—

92,873

30,657

62,216

90,689

90,689

0.69

0.69

1.08

144,886

506,035

—
334,187

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) Effective July 1, 2013, we changed our estimate of depreciation expense on tractors to the 125% declining balance from 
the 150% declining balance method because a stable used equipment market supported a return to our historical estimate 
of depreciation on tractor equipment over its expected useful life.

(2) During 2010 and 2012 we paid special dividends of $1.00 per share, which were in addition to regular quarterly dividends 

declared.  These special dividends totaled $90.7 million in 2010 and $85.0 million in 2012.

(3) During 2013 we entered into an unsecured reducing line of credit agreement.  Maximum borrowing capacity as of December 
31, 2014 was $225.0 million.  As of December 31, 2014, we had $24.6 million of outstanding borrowings and, based on 
outstanding borrowings and letters of credit, we had available borrowing capacity of $196.0 million under such line of 
credit.  As of January 31, 2015, we had no outstanding borrowings on our line of credit and based on outstanding letters 
of credit, we had available borrowing capacity of $220.6 million under such line of credit.

(4) We acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of GTI in November 2013.  Therefore, our operating results for the year ended 
December 31, 2013, include the operating results of GTI for only the period of November 11, 2013, to December 31, 
2013.

(5) The difference between basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding is due to the effect of unvested restricted 

stock granted under the 2011 Restricted Stock Award Plan.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS

This section contains certain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A 
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and such statements 
are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended.  All 
statements, other than statements of historical or current fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, 
including without limitation: any projections of earnings, revenues, or other financial items; any statement of plans, strategies, 
and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; any 
statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; and any statements of belief and any statement of assumptions 
underlying any of the foregoing.  In this Item 7, statements relating to expected sources of working capital, liquidity and funds for 
meeting equipment purchase obligations, expected capital expenditures, future acquisitions and dispositions of revenue equipment, 
future market for used equipment, future trucking capacity, expected freight demand and volumes, future rates and prices, future 
depreciation and amortization, future asset utilization, expected tractor and trailer count, expected fleet age, future driver market, 
expected driver compensation, expected independent contractor usage, planned allocation of capital, future equipment costs, 
future fuel expense and the future effectiveness of fuel surcharge programs and price hedges, among others, are forward-looking 
statements.  Such  statements  may  be  identified  by  their  use  of  terms  or  phrases  such  as  “expects,”  “estimates,”  “projects,” 
“believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “may” “could,” and similar terms and phrases.  Forward-looking statements are based on 
currently available operating, financial, and competitive information.  Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks 
and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, which could cause future events and actual results to differ 
materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements.  Known factors that could cause 
or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” set forth 
above.  Readers should review and consider the factors discussed in “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report, along with various 
disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

All such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance 
on such forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or 
revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any 
change in the events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

Overview

We are a short-to-medium haul truckload carrier of general commodities with corporate headquarters in North Liberty, Iowa.  We 
provide nationwide transportation services to major shippers spanning from Washington to Florida and New England to California 
as well as parts of Canada.  We offer primarily asset-based transportation services in the dry van truckload market and also offer 
temperature-controlled transportation services and non asset-based freight brokerage services although such temperature-controlled 
and non asset-based services are not material sources of revenue.  We provide these transportation services using predominately 
company-owned and leased revenue equipment.  We also obtain additional capacity through the use of independent contractor 
tractors, although this source of capacity is not significant to our overall operations.  We generally earn revenue based on the 

20

number of miles per load delivered.  We believe the keys to success are maintaining high levels of customer service and safety.  
Management believes achieving high levels of customer service and safety is predicated on the availability of late-model equipment 
and experienced drivers.  Management believes that our service standards, safety record, and equipment availability have made 
us a core carrier for many of our major customers.

We achieve operating efficiencies and cost controls through equipment utilization, which is optimized by a common information 
system platform, a fleet of late model equipment, industry-leading driver to non-driver employee ratio, and effective management 
of fixed and variable operating costs.  During 2014, the demand for freight services generally outpaced industry capacity.  Industry 
capacity continues to be hindered by an insufficient quantity of qualified drivers, which is further challenged by various regulations 
that increasingly reduce drivers' availability.  Industry regulations, including the thirty minute break within the first eight hours 
of driving requirement that became effective July 1, 2013, have and will continue to reduce driver utilization compared to previous 
periods.  We cannot predict how future regulations will impact driver utilization.  An industry shortage of qualified drivers, in 
conjunction with reduced driver utilization, creates a favorable rate environment, but also a general industry trend toward increased 
driver wages to attract and retain qualified drivers.  The revenue trends are consistent with what we have experienced in non-
committed business in the spot markets.   We cannot currently predict how long this trend will continue. 

Competition for drivers, which has historically been intense, has recently escalated due to higher demand for freight services and 
decreasing numbers of qualified drivers in the industry, and we have experienced increased difficulties attracting and retaining 
qualified drivers.  We continue to explore new strategies to attract and retain qualified drivers.  We hire the majority of our drivers 
with at least six to nine months of over-the-road experience and safe driving records.  In order to attract and retain experienced 
drivers who understand the importance of customer service, we have sought to solidify our position as an industry leader in driver 
compensation in our operating markets.  We implemented increases to our driver pay package effective November 1, 2014, raising 
driver compensation, on average, by approximately 10%. Our new driver pay package includes future pay increases based on 
years of continued service to us, increased rates for accident-free miles of operation.  Additionally, we improved detention pay to 
assist drivers to offset unproductive detention time effective January 1, 2015.  We believe this compensation increase solidified 
our leadership position in terms of driver pay within the industry and rewards our drivers for years of service with safe operating 
mileage benchmarks which are critical to our operational and financial performance.

Containment of fuel cost continues to be one of management's top priorities as fuel expenses, at approximately 25.2% of operating 
revenues at December 31, 2014, is our highest cost after salaries, wages and benefits to our drivers and other employees.  According 
to the DOE, average diesel fuel prices have increased each year during the periods 2009 through 2012 and have been relatively 
flat to declining in 2013 and declining throughout 2014 and into 2015.  Average DOE diesel fuel prices for 2009 through 2014 
were, $2.47, $3.00, $3.85, $3.97, $3.92, and $3.81 respectively.  The average price per gallon in 2015, through February 23, 2015 
is $2.90.  Although the average price per gallon in 2015 is the lowest it has been since 2010, we currently anticipate that fuel prices 
will increase throughout 2015.  We are not able to pass through all fuel price increases through fuel surcharge agreements with 
customers due to tractor idling time, along with empty and out-of-route miles.  We continue to manage and implement fuel initiative 
strategies that we believe will effectively manage fuel costs.  These initiatives include strategic fueling of our trucks, whether it 
be terminal fuel or over-the-road fuel, reducing tractor idle time, controlling out-of-route miles, controlling empty miles, utilizing 
on-board power units to minimize idling, educating drivers to save energy, trailer skirting, and increasing fuel economy through 
the purchase of newer, more fuel efficient tractors.  We are not able to pass through all fuel price increases through fuel surcharge 
agreements with customers due to tractor idling time, along with empty and out-of-route miles.  At December 31, 2014, 97% of 
our over-the-road sleeper berth tractor fleet was equipped with idle management controls.  At December 31, 2014, our tractor fleet 
had an average age of 2.0 years and our trailer fleet had an average age of 4.4 years.   

We continue to focus on growing organically by providing quality service to targeted customers with a high density of freight in 
our regional operating areas.  In addition to the development of our regional operating areas, we have made six acquisitions since 
1987.  Future growth depends upon several factors including the level of economic growth and the related customer demand, the 
available capacity in the trucking industry, our ability to identify and consummate future acquisitions, our ability to integrate 
operations of acquired companies to realize efficiencies, and our ability to attract and retain experienced drivers that meet our 
hiring standards.

We ended 2014 with operating revenues of $871.4 million, including fuel surcharges, net income of $84.8 million, and basic net 
income per share of $0.97 on basic weighted average outstanding shares of 87.7 million compared to operating revenues of $582.3 
million, including fuel surcharges, net income of $70.6 million, and basic net income per share of $0.83 on basic weighted average 
shares of 85.2 million in 2013.  We posted an 84.9% operating ratio (which represents operating expenses as a percentage of 
operating revenues) for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 80.7% for the same period of 2013, and a 9.7% net margin 
(which represents net income as a percentage of operating revenues) for 2014, compared to 12.1% in same period of 2013.  We 
had total assets of $760.0 million at December 31, 2014.  We achieved a return on assets of 11.4% and a return on equity of 19.1% 
over the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 12.4% and 20.5%, respectively, for 2013.

21

  
Our cash flow from operating activities for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 of $172.5 million was 19.8% of operating 
revenues, compared to $111.2 million and 19.1% in 2013.  During 2014, we used $115.5 million in net investing cash flows, of 
which $113.7 million was used in net purchases of revenue equipment and $3.0 million was the result of finalized acquisition 
activity, during the first quarter of 2014.  We used $57.4 million in financing activities, of which $50.4 million was net debt 
repayments related to the GTI acquisition and $7.0 million was used to pay dividends to our shareholders during 2014.  As a result, 
our cash and cash equivalents decreased $0.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to 2013.  We ended 
2014 with cash and cash equivalents of $17.3 million.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth the percentage relationships of expense items to total operating revenue for the periods indicated:

Operating revenue
Operating expenses:

Salaries, wages, and benefits
Rent and purchased transportation
Fuel
Operations and maintenance
Operating taxes and licenses
Insurance and claims
Communications and utilities
Depreciation and amortization
Other operating expenses
Gain on disposal of property and equipment

Operating income

Interest income
Interest expense

Income before income taxes

Income taxes

Net income

2014

Year Ended December 31,
2013
100.0 %

100.0%

2012
100.0%

31.9%
6.0
25.2
4.5
2.3
2.1
0.7
12.5
3.6
(3.8)
84.9%
15.1%
0.0%
0.0%
15.1%
5.4
9.7%

30.7 %
2.2
29.6
3.8
1.8
2.6
0.6
11.8
3.3
(5.7)
80.7 %
19.3 %
0.0 %
0.0 %
19.3 %
7.2
12.1 %

30.6%
1.1
31.0
4.6
1.6
2.7
0.5
10.5
2.7
(2.8)
82.6%
17.4%
0.1%
0.0%
17.5%
6.2
11.3%

Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared With the Year Ended December 31, 2013

We acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of GTI on November 11, 2013 and therefore our operating results for year ended 
December 31, 2014 include the operating results of GTI for the full year, while our operating results for the year ended December 31, 
2013 include the operating results of GTI only for the period of November, 11, 2013 to December 31, 2013.  GTI's operations in 
2014 impacted operating revenues, salaries, wages and benefits, rent and purchased transportation, fuel expense, operating and 
maintenance expense, and depreciation and amortization compared to 2013, as further explained below.  Per authoritative guidance 
on segment reporting, we have included GTI's operating results in our single segment.  See Note 1 of the consolidated financial 
statements for additional information on segment reporting.     

Operating revenue increased $289.1 million (49.7%), to $871.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 from $582.3 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2013.  The increase in revenue was the result of an increase in trucking revenues of $237.1 million 
(51.1%) and a $52.0 million (43.9%) increase in fuel surcharge revenue from $118.4 million in 2013 to $170.4 million in 2014.  
Operating revenues (the total of trucking and fuel surcharge revenue) are primarily earned based on loaded miles driven in providing 
truckload transportation services.  The number of loaded miles is affected by general freight supply and demand trends and the 
number of revenue earning equipment vehicles (tractors).  The number of revenue earning equipment vehicles (tractors) is directly 
affected by the number of available company drivers and independent contractors providing capacity to us.  Our operating revenues 
are reviewed regularly on a combined basis across the United States due to the similar nature of our services offerings and related 

22

 
 
 
 
 
similar base pricing structure.  The net trucking revenue increase was the result of a 44.7% increase in loaded miles due to an 
increase in drivers, primarily driven by the GTI acquisition, combined with an increase in the rate per loaded mile compared to 
2013.  We expect revenue to be positively impacted through increases in rate per loaded mile due to current market conditions, 
including a lack of qualified drivers in the industry, and continued integration of legacy GTI freight to our pricing model.      

Fuel surcharge revenues represent fuel costs passed on to customers based on customer specific fuel charge recovery rates and 
billed loaded miles.  Fuel surcharge revenues increased primarily as a result of increased loaded miles during 2014 compared to 
2013, offset by a 2.8% decrease in the average DOE diesel fuel prices during 2014 compared to 2013, as reported by the DOE.   

Salaries, wages, and benefits increased $99.4 million (55.6%), to $278.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 from 
$178.7 million in the 2013 period.  Salaries, wages, and benefits increased $56.9 million (44.9%) due to an increase in driver 
wages, which was attributable to increases in driver miles directly related to the GTI acquisition, as discussed above, and an 
increase in our driver compensation toward the end of 2014, offset by a decrease in the number of driver employees.  We currently 
expect that our expenses relating to driver wages, as a percentage of operating revenues, will increase in 2015 as compared to 
2014, with or without changes in driver miles, due to increases in average driver wages paid per mile implemented in late 2014.  
The increases in driver wages per mile are due to current market conditions caused by a lack of qualified drivers in the industry.  
Another $20.4 million (86.1%) of the increase in salaries, wages, and benefits was due to non-driver wages, which was directly 
attributable to a 119% increase in the average number of non-driver employees period over period, primarily as a result of the GTI 
acquisition.  Salaries, wages and benefits increased $10.7 million due to health insurance expense, $6.7 million increase due to 
increased payroll taxes, associated with the increase in driver and non-driver wages, and $4.5 million due to increased workers’ 
compensation claims.  Health insurance and workers compensation expense also increased slightly, mainly due to an increase in 
the number of covered participants resulting from additional employees gained from the GTI acquisition, and an associated increase 
in the amount of claims.

Rent and purchased transportation increased $39.1 million (305.6%), to $52.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 from 
$12.8 million in the comparable period of 2013.  The increase was attributable to an increase in amounts paid to third party carriers 
on brokered loads of $16.7 million, an increase in amounts paid to independent contractors of $11.6 million, an increase in amounts 
paid for operating leases of revenue equipment of $7.0 million, and an increase in leased property expense of $4.0 million.  The 
increases in third party broker expense, operating leases of revenue equipment, and leased property expense were due to the fact 
we did not incur these types of expenses prior to the GTI acquisition.  The increase in amounts paid to independent contractors 
was due to an increase in the miles driven by independent contractors during 2014 as compared to 2013.  During the year ended 
December 31, 2014, independent contractors accounted for 3.6% of the total fleet miles compared to 1.7% for the same period of 
2013.

Fuel increased $46.9 million (27.2%), to $219.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 from $172.3 million for the same 
period of 2013.  The increase was primarily the result of increased miles, offset by cost savings attributable to decreased fuel 
prices, increased fuel economy on our tractor fleet, and operational efficiencies.  Fuel cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge, decreased 
31.5% in 2014 compared to 2013, due in part to a 2.8% decrease in the average diesel price per gallon as reported by the DOE.  Other 
factors contributing to the decrease in fuel cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge, included increased fuel economy due to newer, 
more fuel efficient, revenue equipment, increases in fuel surcharge revenues as a percentage of fuel costs due to prices in effect 
at fuel purchase compared to revenues collected, idle management controls, and a reduction of non-revenue miles as a result of 
improved network efficiencies.  Although the average price per gallon in 2015 is the lowest it has been since 2010, we currently 
anticipate that fuel prices will increase throughout 2015.

Depreciation and amortization increased $39.7 million (57.6%), to $108.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 from 
$68.9 million in the same period of 2013.  The increase is mainly attributable to an increase in the number of revenue equipment 
units  (tractors  and  trailers)  being  depreciated.    Tractor  depreciation  increased  $26.8  million,  giving  effect  to  the  change  in 
depreciation method for tractors further discussed below, on a 42.9% increase in the number of tractor units depreciated during 
the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period of 2013.  As tractors are depreciated using the declining balance 
method, depreciation expense is highest in the first year of use and declines in subsequent years.  Effective July 2013, we changed 
our estimate of depreciation expense on tractors to the 125% declining balance method from the 150% declining balance method 
because a stable used equipment market supported a return to our historical estimate of depreciation on tractor equipment over its 
expected useful life.  Changing to the 125% declining balance method from the 150% declining balance method increased operating 
income and decreased depreciation expense by $3.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to the same 
period of 2013.  Compared to 2013, trailer depreciation increased $9.4 million on an 61.5% increase in the number of trailer units 
depreciated during the year ended December 31, 2014.  Increases in all other depreciation and amortization totaled $3.6 million, 
mainly related to amortization of intangible assets and depreciation associated with leasehold improvements of leased terminal 
facilities.  We currently expect this cost to increase in 2015 as we upgrade our tractor and trailer fleets and discontinue use of 
leases for revenue equipment. 

23

Operating and maintenance expense increased $16.7 million (74.8%), to $39.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, 
from $22.3 million in the same period of 2013.  Operating and maintenance costs increased mainly due to an increase in the number 
of revenue equipment units in the fleet period over period as discussed above.  There were additional increases due to costs 
associated with preparing equipment for sale as we continue to upgrade our tractor and trailer fleets.  We expect these costs to 
fluctuate in 2015 based on revenue equipment trading activity and overall fleet reliability.

Operating taxes and licenses expense increased $9.9 million (93.7%), to $20.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 
from $10.5 million in 2013, due to an increase in the number of revenue equipment units (tractors and trailers) being licensed and 
fuel taxes due to additional fuel purchases and an increase in miles driven.  Insurance and claims expense increased $3.1 million 
(20.5%), to $17.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 from $14.9 million in 2013, due to increased severity and 
frequency of claims offset by an actuarial adjustment to reduce the overall reserve for expected future payments.  Other operating 
expenses increased $12.1 million (63.2%), to $31.3 million, during the year ended December 31, 2014 from $19.2 million in 2013, 
due to an increase in miles driven.

Gains on the disposal of property and equipment increased $0.3 million (0.8%), to $33.5 million during the year ended December 31, 
2014, from $33.3 million in the same period of 2013.  The increase was mainly the combined effect of a decrease in gains on sales 
of tractor equipment of $2.6 million and an increase in gains on trailer equipment sales of $3.1 million.  The decrease in gains on 
tractor sales was the net effect of selling 11% more tractors during 2014, offset by lower gains per unit as certain units sold were 
GTI units that were adjusted to market value at the time of the GTI acquisition.  The increase in gains on trailer sales was due to 
a 137% increase in the number of units sold with an offsetting gain per unit decrease of 41%, due to certain units being GTI units 
that were adjusted to market value at the time of the GTI acquisition.  We currently anticipate tractor and trailer equipment sale 
activity during 2015 to increase from 2014 levels, although total gains are expected to be generally lower due to lower gains per 
unit.  

Interest expense increased $0.2 million, to $0.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2014 due to our outstanding borrowings, 
on our line of credit during 2014, which were directly attributable to the GTI acquisition. 

Our effective tax rate was 35.5% and 37.3% for years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  The decrease in the 
effective tax rate for 2014 is primarily attributable to an increase in favorable income tax expense adjustments resulting from the 
roll off of certain state tax contingencies and a provision to return adjustment.  

As a result of the foregoing, our operating ratio (operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue) was 84.9% during the 
year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 80.7% during the year ended December 31, 2013.  Net income increased $14.3 
million (20.2%), to $84.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, from $70.6 million during the 2013 period as a result of 
the net effects discussed above.

Year Ended December 31, 2013 Compared With the Year Ended December 31, 2012

Our operating results for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes the operating results of GTI for only the period of November, 
11, 2013 to December 31, 2013.  GTI's operations for this fifty-one day period impacted the change in operating revenues, salaries, 
wages and benefits, rent and purchased transportation, fuel expense, and depreciation and amortization in 2013 compared to 2012, 
as further explained below.   

Operating revenue increased $36.5 million (6.7%), to $582.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, from $545.7 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2012.  The increase in revenue was the result of a $30.5 million (7.0%) increase in trucking and 
other revenues, and a $6.0 million (5.4%) increase in fuel surcharge revenue from $112.4 million in 2012 to $118.4 million in 
2013.  Fuel surcharge revenues increased primarily as a result of increased miles during 2013 compared to 2012 offset by a 1.2% 
decrease in average diesel fuel prices during the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to the same period of 2012, as reported 
by the DOE.  Trucking and other revenues increased mainly as a result of an increase in loaded miles.   

Salaries, wages, and benefits increased $11.7 million (7.0%), to $178.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $167.1 
million in the 2012 period.  Salaries, wages, and benefits increased $6.3 million (5.3,%) due to an increase in driver wages, $3.8 
million (18.9%) due to an increase in office and shop wages, $0.9 million due to health insurance expense, and $0.8 million due 
to payroll taxes associated with the increase in driver and office and shop wages.  The increase in driver wages was attributable 
to an increase in miles driven, and the office and shop wages increase was directly attributable to an increase in the number of 
employees.  Health insurance increased due to an increase in the number of covered participants, as a result of the increase in the 
number of employees.    

24

Rent and purchased transportation increased $6.5 million (104.2%), to $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, from 
$6.3 million in the 2012 period.  The increase was attributable to an increase in amounts paid for operating leases of revenue 
equipment of $1.3 million, an increase in amounts paid to third party carriers on brokered loads of $3.2 million, an increase in 
amounts paid to independent contractors, of $1.0 million, and an increase in leased property expense of $0.8 million.  The increases 
in operating leases of revenue equipment, third party broker expense and leased property expense were due to the fact that we did 
not incur these types of expenses prior to the GTI acquisition.  The increase in independent contractors was due to an increase in 
the miles driven by independent contractors during 2013 as compared to 2012.

Fuel increased $3.3 million (2.0%), to $172.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, from $169.0 million for the same 
period of 2012.  Fuel expense increased $8.4 million primarily as the result of increased miles, which was offset by cost savings 
of $5.1 million due to decreased fuel prices.  Fuel cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge, decreased 9.9% in 2013 compared to 2012, 
partly as the result of a 1.2% decrease in the average diesel price per gallon in 2013 as reported by the DOE.  Other factors that 
contributed to the decrease in fuel cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge included increased fuel economy due to newer, more fuel 
efficient, revenue equipment, increases in fuel surcharge revenues, idle management controls, and a slight reduction of out of route 
miles.  

Depreciation and amortization increased $11.8 million (20.6%), to $68.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2013, from 
$57.2 million in the same period of 2012.  The increase is mainly attributable to an increase in the number of revenue equipment 
units being depreciated.  Tractor depreciation increased $8.1 million, giving effect to the change in depreciation method for tractors 
further discussed below, on a 48.7% increase in the number of tractor units depreciated during the year ended December 31, 2013.  
Trailer depreciation increased $3.1 million on a 100% increase in the number of trailer units depreciated during the year ended 
December 31, 2013.   The increase in the number of tractors and trailers was primarily a result of the GTI acquisition.  As tractors 
are depreciated using the declining balance method, depreciation expense is highest in the first year of use and declines in subsequent 
years.  Effective July, 2013, we changed our estimate of depreciation expense on tractors to the 125% declining balance method 
from the 150% declining balance method because a stable used equipment market supported a return to our historical estimate of 
depreciation on tractor equipment over its expected useful life.  Changing to the 125% declining balance method from the 150% 
declining balance method increased operating income and decreased depreciation expense by $4.4 million during the year ended 
December 31,  2013.    Increases  in  all  other  depreciation  and  amortization  totaled  $0.7  million,  which  was  mainly  related  to 
amortization of intangible assets and depreciation associated with leasehold improvements of leased terminal facilities.  

Operating and maintenance expense decreased $2.9 million (11.6%), to $22.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2013, 
from $25.3 million in the 2012 period mainly due to decreased revenue equipment parts and maintenance costs primarily attributable 
to reduced tire costs. 

Gains  on  the  disposal  of  property  and  equipment  increased  $18.2  million  (120.2%),  to  $33.3  million  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2013, from $15.1 million in the 2012 period.  The increase was mainly the combined effect of increases in gains 
on sales of tractor equipment of $17.1 million and an increase in gains on trailer equipment sales of $1.0 million.  The increase 
in gains on tractor sales was largely due to selling approximately five times more tractors during 2013 compared to 2012.  The 
increase in gains on trailer sales was due to a 24.7% decline in the number of trailer units sold offset by an increase in the gains 
per unit sold during 2013 compared to 2012. 

Interest expense increased $0.2 million, to $0.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2013, due to borrowings under our credit 
facility in 2013, which were directly attributable to the GTI acquisition in November, 2013. 

Our effective tax rate was 37.3% and 35.6% for year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  The increase in the effective 
tax rate for 2013 was primarily attributable to a decrease in favorable income tax expense adjustments during 2013 compared to 
2012 as a result of the roll off of certain state tax contingencies.  

As a result of the foregoing, our operating ratio (operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue) was 80.7% during the 
year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 82.6% during the year ended December 31, 2012.  Net income increased $9.0 million 
(14.7%), to $70.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $61.5 million during the compared 2012 period as a result 
of the net effects discussed above.

25

Inflation and Fuel Cost

Most of our operating expenses are inflation-sensitive, with inflation generally producing increased costs of operations.  During 
the past three years, inflation has been fairly modest with its impacts mostly related to revenue equipment prices, tire prices and 
compensation paid to drivers.  Innovations in equipment technology, EPA mandated new engine emission requirements and driver 
comfort have resulted in higher tractor prices.  We historically have limited the effects of inflation through increases in freight 
rates and certain cost control efforts.  We also continue to update our fleet with more fuel-efficient, EPA emission-compliant late-
model engines which are more expensive than tractors that were previously purchased with engines meeting 2010 EPA requirements.  
General improvement of economic conditions and the imbalance of industry supply and demand for freight services in recent 
years have allowed certain rate increases, although the rate increases received have significantly lagged the increases in depreciation 
expense per year due to increased prices paid for new revenue equipment over the same period.    

In addition to inflation, significant fluctuations in fuel prices can adversely affect our operating results and profitability.  We have 
attempted to limit the effects of increases in fuel prices through certain cost control efforts and our fuel surcharge program.  We 
impose fuel surcharges on substantially all accounts.  Although we historically have been able to pass through most long-term 
increases in fuel prices and operating taxes to customers in the form of surcharges and higher rates, these arrangements generally 
do not fully protect us from short-term fuel price increases and also may prevent us from receiving the full benefit of any fuel 
price decreases.  Additionally, we are not able to recover fuel surcharge on empty miles, out of route miles, or fuel used in idling.  

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The growth of our business requires significant investments in new revenue equipment.  Historically, prior to the GTI acquisition, 
we  have  been  debt-free,  funding  revenue  equipment  purchases  with  cash  flow  provided  by  operating  activities  and  sales  of 
equipment.  Our primary source of liquidity prior to the GTI acquisition in 2013 was cash flow provided by operating activities.  
We entered into a line of credit during the fourth quarter of 2013, described below, to partially finance the GTI acquisition, including 
the payoff of debt we assumed.  Our primary source of liquidity during 2014 remains cash flow generated from operating activities, 
although we maintain our line of credit to provide assistance with additional cash requirements to fund capital expenditures.  During 
2014, we were able to fund revenue equipment purchases with cash flows provided by operating activities and sales of equipment 
as well as reduce the outstanding balance on our line of credit to $24.6 million at year end.  In January 2015, we fully repaid 
borrowings on our line of credit and currently have no outstanding borrowings.

On November 11, 2013, we entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, (the “Bank”).  Pursuant 
to the Credit Agreement, the Bank provided a five-year, $250.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit, which was used to 
assist in the repayment of all debt acquired at the time of the GTI acquisition, and which may be used for future working capital, 
equipment financing, and general corporate purposes.  The Bank's commitment decreased to $225.0 million on November 1, 2014 
and will further decrease to $200.0 million on November 1, 2015, and to $175.0 million on November 1, 2016 through October 
31, 2018.

The Credit Agreement is unsecured, with a negative pledge against all assets of our consolidated group, except for debt associated 
with permitted acquisitions, new purchase-money debt and capital lease obligations as described in the Credit Agreement.  The  
Credit Agreement matures on October 31, 2018, subject to the ability of Heartland Express, Inc. of Iowa (the “Borrower”) to 
terminate the commitment at any time at no additional cost to the Borrower.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement can either 
be, at the Borrower's election, (i) one-month or three-month LIBOR (Index) plus 0.625%, floating, or (ii) Prime (Index) plus 0%, 
floating.  The weighted average variable annual percentage rate for amounts borrowed and outstanding at December 31, 2014 was 
0.787%.  There is a commitment fee on the unused portion of the line of credit under the Credit Agreement at 0.0625%, due 
quarterly.

The Credit Agreement contains customary financial covenants including, but not limited to, (i) a maximum adjusted leverage ratio 
of 2:1, measured quarterly, (ii) required minimum net income of $1.00, measured quarterly, (iii) required minimum tangible net 
worth of $200 million, measured quarterly, and (iv) limitations on other indebtedness and liens.  The Credit Agreement also includes 
customary events of default, conditions, representations and warranties, and indemnification provisions.  We were in compliance 
with the respective financial covenants at December 31, 2014.

Operating cash flow for 2014 was $172.5 million compared to $111.2 million during the same period of 2013.  This was primarily 
a result of net income (excluding non-cash depreciation, changes in deferred taxes, stock-based compensation, loss on sale of 
investments and gains on disposal of equipment) being approximately $82.5 million higher during 2014 compared to 2013, offset 
by a decrease in cash flow generated by operating assets and liabilities of approximately $21.3 million.  The net decrease in cash 
provided by operating assets and liabilities was mainly attributable to a decrease in accounts payable and other accrued expenses, 
primarily due to timing of revenue equipment payments.  Additionally, decreases in self-insurance reserves and an increase in our 
26

income tax receivable position at the end of 2014 had an unfavorable impact on operating cash flows.  Cash flows from operating 
activities during 2013 was $111.2 million compared to $102.2 million during the same period of 2012.  This was primarily a result 
of net income (excluding non-cash depreciation, changes in deferred taxes, stock-based compensation, loss on sale of investments 
and gains on disposal of equipment) being approximately $17.7 million higher during 2013 compared to 2012 offset by a decrease 
in cash flow generated by operating assets and liabilities of approximately $8.7 million.  Cash flow from operating activities was 
19.8% of operating revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 19.1% and 18.7%, respectively, for the same 
periods of 2013 and 2012.

Cash flows used in investing activities was $115.5 million during 2014, a decrease in cash used of $18.0 million compared to cash 
flows used in investing activities of $133.5 million during 2013.  The decrease in cash used in investing activities was mainly the 
result of a $107.9 million decrease in amounts paid for acquisition activity, offset by increases in net capital expenditures (cash 
used in equipment purchases less cash provided from equipment sales) of $70.8 million and a decrease in calls of investments in 
auction rate security investments of $21.1 million compared to 2013.  Cash flows used in investing activities was $133.5 million 
during 2013 compared to cash flows used in investing activities of $6.0 million during 2012 or an increase in cash used of $127.5 
million.  The increase in cash used in investing activities was mainly the result of the acquisition of GTI using $110.9 million and 
an increase in net capital expenditures (cash used in equipment purchases less cash provided from equipment sales) of $5.3 million.  
These increases in cash used for the GTI acquisition and net capital expenditures was offset by a decrease in calls of investments 
in auction rate security investments of $11.3 million to $21.1 million compared to 2012.  We currently anticipate net capital 
expenditures to be approximately $107 million to $117 million for 2015, most of which relates to upgrading our tractor and trailer 
fleet throughout 2015.  Although, we expect to sell trailers during 2015 to partially offset the price of new trailers, there are no 
guaranteed commitments from third parties to buy trailers during 2015, and therefore these estimated trailer proceeds have not 
been used to reduce our estimated net capital expenditures for 2015.  

Cash flows used in financing activities decreased $22.4 million in 2014 compared to 2013.  During 2014, we had borrowings of 
$19.1 million and repayments of $69.5 million, resulting in net repayments of $50.4 million on the Credit Agreement during 2014 
compared to $75.0 million net borrowings of debt mainly used to refinance acquired debt during 2013.  In addition, we declared 
and paid $7.0 million of dividends to our shareholders in 2014 compared to $6.9 million in 2013.  Cash flows used in financing 
activities decreased $36.3 million in 2013 compared to 2012.  During 2012 the Company paid a special dividend of $85.0 million, 
had no borrowings, and paid $24.2 million for repurchase of our common stock. 

In 2001, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase 15.4 million shares, adjusted for stock splits, of our common 
stock in open market or negotiated transactions using available cash, cash equivalents and investments which was subsequently 
amended in February 2012 to increase the remaining number of authorized shares for repurchase to 5 million.  Approximately 3.2 
million shares remained authorized for repurchase under the program as of December 31, 2014 and the program has no expiration 
date. There were no shares repurchased in the open market during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and 1.8 million 
shares repurchased during 2012.  Shares repurchased during 2012 were accounted for as treasury stock.  Shares purchased under 
the program prior to 2012 were retired.  Repurchases will continue from time to time, as conditions permit, until the number of 
shares authorized to be repurchased have been bought, or until the authorization to repurchase is terminated, whichever occurs 
first.  The share repurchase authorization is discretionary and has no expiration date.  The repurchase program may be suspended, 
modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice.   

We paid income taxes, net of refunds, of $23.7 million in 2014, which was $14.4 million lower than income taxes paid during 
2013 of $38.1 million and lower than the $42.8 million paid in 2012.  The decrease was mainly due to a decrease in taxable income 
driven  by  higher  tax  depreciation on  revenue  equipment purchases.   The  higher  tax  depreciation  resulted  from  a  50%  bonus 
depreciation  for  tax  purposes  on  new  tractor  and  trailer  equipment  purchases  and  accelerated  tax  methods  on  the  remaining 
depreciable basis after the effects of bonus depreciation.  Taxable income was further reduced by higher tax depreciation on 
revalued assets and amortization expense related to intangible assets resulting from the GTI acquisition.  

Management believes we have adequate liquidity to meet our current and projected needs in the foreseeable future.  Management 
believes we will continue to have significant capital requirements over the long-term, which we expect to fund with cash flows 
provided by operating activities,  proceeds from the sale of used equipment and available capacity on the Credit Agreement.  At 
December 31, 2014, we had $17.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, outstanding debt of $24.6 million, and $196.0 million, 
available borrowing capacity on the Credit Agreement.  

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

The Company’s liquidity and financial condition is not materially affected by off-balance sheet transactions.  In conjunction with 
the GTI acquisition, we became party to certain operating leases to finance a portion of our revenue equipment and terminal 

27

facilities.  Operating lease expense during 2014 was $12.5 million compared to $2.0 million in 2013.  The future operating lease 
obligations are detailed in the Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments table below.   

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following sets forth our contractual obligations and commercial commitments at December 31, 2014.

Contractual Obligations

Purchase obligation (1)

Long-term debt (2)

Operating lease obligations

Obligations for unrecognized tax benefits (3)

$

$

Payments due by period (in millions)

Total

Less than 1
year

1–3 years

3–5 years

More than 5
years

$

85.9

$

— $

— $

85.9

24.6

19.6

18.3

—

7.1

—

148.4

$

93.0

$

—

9.1

—

9.1

24.6

3.4

—

$

28.0

$

—

—

—

18.3

18.3

(1) Relates mainly to our commitment on revenue equipment purchases, net of estimated sale values of tractor

equipment where we have contracted values for used equipment.

(2) As of January 31, 2015, we had repaid the $24.6 million outstanding long-term debt.

(3) Obligations for unrecognized tax benefits represent potential liabilities and include interest and penalties of $5.7

million.  We are unable to reasonably determine when these amounts will be settled.

At December 31, 2014, we had a total of $12.6 million in gross unrecognized tax benefits.  Of this amount, $8.0 million represents 
the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact our effective tax rate as of December 31, 2014.  The 
total net amount of accrued interest and penalties for such unrecognized tax benefits was $5.7 million at December 31, 2014, and 
is included in income taxes payable per the consolidated balance sheet.  Income tax expense is increased each period for the accrual 
of interest on outstanding positions and penalties when the uncertain tax position is initially recorded.  Income tax expense is 
reduced in periods by the amount of accrued interest and penalties associated with reversed uncertain tax positions due to lapse 
of applicable statute of limitations, when applicable or when a position is settled.  These unrecognized tax benefits relate to risks 
associated with state income tax filing positions for our corporate subsidiaries.  A reconciliation of the obligations for unrecognized 
tax benefits is as follows:

December 31, 2014

(in thousands)

Gross unrecognized tax benefits
Accrued penalties and interest associated with
the unrecognized tax benefits (net of benefit of
interest deduction)
Obligations for unrecognized tax benefits

$

$

12,632

5,664

18,296

A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and ultimately settled.  It is difficult to predict the ultimate 
outcome or the timing of resolution for uncertain tax positions. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax 
benefits could significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. These changes could result from the expiration 
of the statute of limitations, examinations or other unforeseen circumstances.   We  do not have any outstanding litigation related 
to tax matters.  At this time, management’s best estimate of the reasonably possible change in the amount of gross unrecognized 
tax benefits to be a decrease of approximately $0.7 million to an decrease of $1.7 million during the next twelve months mainly 
due to the expiration of certain statute of limitations, net of additions.  The federal statute of limitations remains open for the years 
2011 and forward.  Tax years 2004 and forward may be subject to audit by state tax authorities depending on the tax code and 
administrative practice of each state.

As of December 31, 2014, we did not have any capital lease obligations.  

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires 
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 

28

 
 
 
statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  periods.  Management  routinely  makes 
judgments and estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.  As the number of variables and assumptions 
affecting  the  probable  future  resolution  of  the  uncertainties  increase,  these  judgments  become  even  more  subjective  and 
complex. We have identified certain accounting policies, described below, that are the most important to the portrayal of our current 
financial condition and results of operations.

The most significant accounting policies and estimates that affect the financial statements include the following:

Revenue and cost recognition

Revenue is generally recognized when freight is delivered.  Revenue is estimated for multiple-stop loads based on the number of 
miles run prior to the end of the accounting period.  Revenue associated with loads delivered but not billed as of the end of an 
accounting period are estimated as part of revenue for that period.  Revenue associated with freight brokerage services is recognized 
on a gross basis and as freight is delivered, as the Company is the primary obligor, although revenues are not material to the 
Company's consolidated operations.  Driver wages and other direct operating expenses are recognized when freight is delivered 
and are estimated for multiple-stop loads at the end of an accounting period.  

Property, plant, and equipment

Management estimates the useful lives of revenue equipment based on estimated use of the asset.  For tractors, it has been our 
historical practice to buy new tractor and trailer equipment directly from manufacturers.  Tractors and trailers are depreciated 
using the 125% declining balance method and straight-line method, respectively, as management believes this is the best matching 
of depreciation expense with the decline in estimated tractor and trailer values based on the use of the tractor and trailers.  Depreciable 
lives of tractors and trailers are 5 and 7 years, respectively, when purchased new.  Management estimates the useful lives on tractors 
based on average miles per truck per year as well as manufacturer warranty periods.  We have not historically run tractors outside 
of manufacturer warranty periods.  Management estimates the useful lives of trailers based on manufacturer warranty periods as 
well as our internal maintenance programs.  Estimates of salvage value are based upon the expected market values of equipment 
at the end of the expected useful life.  A key component to expected market values of equipment is our historical maintenance 
programs which in management's opinion are critical to the resale value of equipment.  Management selects depreciation methods 
that it believes most accurately reflects the timing of benefit received from the applicable assets.   

Management estimated the remaining useful lives of revenue equipment and other assets acquired from GTI during 2013 based 
on the original purchase date, estimated life of the asset, the estimated remaining life of the asset as of the acquisition date, and 
estimated holding period of the asset.    

We periodically evaluate property and equipment for impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that 
indicate the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable.  Recoverability of assets to be held and used is evaluated by a 
comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the group.  
If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount over which the carrying 
amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.  There were no impairment charges recognized during the years ended 
December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.

Goodwill and other intangibles

We perform an annual impairment test on goodwill.  This annual assessment is conducted at the end of September unless events 
or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that impairment has occurred prior to that date or from the assessment date 
through our year end, December 31st.  

We  periodically  evaluate  other  intangibles  that  are  amortizable  for  impairment  when  the  occurrence  of  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable.  Recoverability of assets to be held and used is 
evaluated by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated 
by the group.  If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount over which 
the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.  There were no impairment charges recognized during the 
years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.

Self-insurance accruals
Management estimates accruals for the self-insured portion of pending accident liability, workers’ compensation, physical damage 
and cargo damage claims.  These accruals are based upon individual case estimates, including reserve development, and estimates 
of incurred-but-not-reported losses based upon past experience.  Industry development as well as our historical case results are 
29

used to determine development of individual case claims.  These liabilities are undiscounted and represent management's best 
estimate of our ultimate obligations.   

Stock-based compensation
Compensation expense is recognized over the underlying service period required for an employee to become vested in a respective 
restricted stock award.  The amount of the associated compensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards on the date 
of grant and reduced by estimated forfeitures and recognized over the required service period. 

Income taxes
Significant management judgment is required to determine the provision for income taxes and to determine whether deferred 
income taxes will be realized.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable 
income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.   Recent tax law changes have not 
significantly affected our expectation of tax rates.  A valuation allowance is required to be established for the amount of deferred 
income tax assets that are determined not to be realizable.  We have not recorded a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets 
as it is management's opinion that it is more likely than not we will be able to utilize the remaining deferred tax assets based on 
our history of profitability and taxable income.  

Management judgment is required in the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements based 
on recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position 
taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  The unrecognized tax benefits relate to risks associated with state income filing 
positions and not federal income tax filing positions.  Measurement of uncertain income tax positions is based on statutes of 
limitations, penalty rates, and interest rates on a state by state and year by year basis.  

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new accounting guidance, which requires an entity to recognize 
the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The guidance 
will replace most existing revenue recognition in GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for us on January 
1, 2017.  Early application is not permitted. The new guidance permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect 
transition method. We are evaluating the effect that the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and related 
disclosures. We have not yet selected a transition method nor have we determined the effect of the standard on our ongoing financial 
reporting.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

General

We are exposed to market risk changes in interest rates on our long-term debt and from changes in commodity prices, primarily 
fuel and rubber.  We do not currently use derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes, although we have used 
instruments in the past for fuel price risk management, and do not use them for either speculation or trading.  Because substantially 
all of our operations are confined to the United States, we are not subject to a material foreign currency risk.

Interest Rate Risk

We had $24.6 million of debt outstanding at December 31, 2014.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement can either be, at our 
election, (i) one-month or three-month LIBOR (Index) plus 0.625%, floating, or (ii) Prime (Index) plus 0%, floating.  All outstanding 
borrowings at December 31, 2014 were under the one-month LIBOR (Index) plus 0.625% option.  Increases in interest rates could 
impact our annual interest expense on future borrowings. Assuming the level of borrowings at December 31, 2014, a hypothetical 
one-percentage point increase in the LIBOR interest rate would increase our annual expense by $0.2 million, resulting in a decrease 
in earnings.

Commodity Price Risk

We are subject to commodity price risk primarily with respect to purchases of diesel fuel and rubber. We have fuel surcharge 
agreements with most customers that enable us to pass through most long-term price increases therefore limiting our exposure to 
commodity price risk.  Fuel surcharges that can be collected do not always fully offset an increase in the cost of diesel fuel as we 
are not able to pass through fuel costs associated with out-of-route miles, empty miles, and tractor idle time.  Based on our actual 
fuel purchases for 2014, assuming miles driven, fuel surcharges as a percentage of revenue, percentage of unproductive miles, 
and miles per gallon remained consistent with 2014 amounts, a $1.00 increase in the average price of fuel, year over year, would 
30

decrease our earnings by approximately $7.9 million.  We use a significant amount of tires to maintain our revenue equipment.  
We are not able to pass through 100% of price increases from tire suppliers due to the severity and timing of increases and current 
rate environment.  Historically, we have sought to minimize tire price increases through bulk tire purchases from our suppliers.  
Based on our expected tire purchases for 2015, a 10% increase in the price of tires would increase our tire purchase expense by 
$1.4 million, resulting in a corresponding decrease in earnings.  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The report of KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, our consolidated financial statements, and the notes 
thereto, and the financial statement schedule are included beginning on page 33.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures– We have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 
13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports and to other members of senior management and the 
Board of Directors.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation 
of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal 
Accounting and Financial Officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operations of our disclosure controls and procedures, as 
defined in Exchange Act Rule 15d-15(e).  Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 
concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  effective  in  enabling  us  to  record,  process,  summarize  and  report 
information required to be included in our periodic SEC filings within the required time period.  

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting – Our management is responsible for establishing 
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 
15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act.   This is a process designed by, or under the supervision of the principal executive and principal 
financial officers and effected by the board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP 
and includes those policies and procedures that:

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

prescribe the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions;

provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements;

provide reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures of company assets are made in accordance with management 
authorization; and

provide reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of company assets that could have a material 
effect on our financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  management,  including  our  principal  executive  officer  and  principal 
financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 
framework  in  Internal  Control–  Integrated  Framework  (1992)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway Commission (COSO) as of December 31, 2014. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control– 
Integrated Framework (1992), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of 
December 31, 2014.   

Our auditor, KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued their audit report on the effectiveness of 
our internal control over financial reporting, which is included in this Annual Report beginning on page 33. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting – As a result of the Company’s acquisition of GTI in the fourth quarter 
of  2013,  the  Company  has  expanded  its  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  to  include  GTI. These  controls  have  been 
incorporated into the Company’s Section 404 assessment for 2014. There were no other changes in the Company’s internal control 

31

 
over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2014, that have materially affected, or are reasonably 
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a code of ethics known as the “Code of Business Conduct and Ethics” that applies to our employees including 
the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and controller. In addition, we have adopted a code of ethics known as 
“Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers.” We make these codes available on its website at www.heartlandexpress.com (and 
in print to any shareholder who requests them).  Information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual 
Report. 

32

33

34

HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2013

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents
Trade receivables, net
Prepaid tires
Prepaid shop supplies
Other current assets
Income tax receivable
Deferred income taxes, net
Total current assets

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Land and land improvements
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and fixtures
Shop and service equipment
Revenue equipment
Construction in progress

Less accumulated depreciation

Property and equipment, net

GOODWILL
OTHER INTANGIBLES, NET
OTHER ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Compensation and benefits
Insurance accruals
Other accruals

Total current liabilities
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

Income taxes payable
Long-term debt
Deferred income taxes, net
Insurance accruals less current portion
Other long-term liabilities

Total long-term liabilities

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 13)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Preferred stock, par value $.01; authorized 5,000 shares; none issued

Capital stock, common, $.01 par value; authorized 395,000 shares; issued 90,689 in 2014 and
2013; outstanding 87,781 and 87,705 in 2014 and 2013, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Treasury stock, at cost; 2,908 and 2,984 shares in 2014 and 2013, respectively

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

35

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

17,303
77,034
10,160
2,056
8,992
19,920
14,767
150,232

22,463
34,151
8,033
2,096
10,820
600,335
668
678,566
198,007
480,559
100,212
16,380
12,611
759,994

8,261
26,303
19,249
14,475
68,288

18,296
24,600
101,605
59,300
11,318
215,119

17,763
84,400
6,999
4,194
11,061
5,706
14,177
144,300

17,069
27,347
16,134
1,829
10,604
549,415
466
622,864
173,605
449,259
98,686
18,746
13,850
724,841

26,912
28,084
20,945
12,627
88,568

20,089
75,000
61,948
67,965
13,618
238,620

—

—

907
4,058
509,834
(38,212)
476,587
759,994

$

907
5,897
432,034
(41,185)
397,653
724,841

 
 
 
 
 
 
HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Year Ended December 31,

2014

2013

2012

OPERATING REVENUE

$ 871,355

$ 582,257

$ 545,745

OPERATING EXPENSES

Salaries, wages and benefits

Rent and purchased transportation

Fuel

Operations and maintenance

Operating taxes and licenses

Insurance and claims

Communications and utilities

Depreciation and amortization

Other operating expenses

Gain on disposal of property and equipment

Operating income

Interest income

Interest expense

278,126

51,950

219,261

39,052

20,370

17,946

6,494

108,566

31,266
(33,544)
739,487

178,736

12,808

172,315

22,345

10,516

14,888

3,552

68,908

19,157
(33,270)
469,955

167,073

6,273

168,981

25,282

8,694

14,906

2,953

57,158

14,633
(15,109)
450,844

131,868

112,302

94,901

195

462

(446)

(208)

674

—

Income before income taxes

131,617

112,556

95,575

Federal and state income taxes

46,783

41,974

34,034

Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Comprehensive income

Net income per share

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding

Basic

Diluted

$ 84,834
—
$ 84,834

$ 70,582
1,284
$ 71,866

$ 61,541
1,797
$ 63,338

$

$

0.97

0.96

$

$

0.83

0.83

$

$

0.72

0.71

87,748

87,923

85,209

85,441

85,892

86,201

Dividends declared per share

$

0.08

$

0.08

$

1.08

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

36

 
 
 
HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Capital

Stock,

Common

Additional

Paid-In

Capital

Retained

Earnings

Balance, January 1, 2012

$

907

$

589

$

398,706

$

Net income

Other comprehensive income,
net of tax

Dividends on common
stock, $1.08 per share

Repurchases of common stock

Stock-based compensation

Balance, December 31, 2012

Net income

Other comprehensive income,
net of tax

Dividends on common
stock, $0.08 per share

Issuance of common stock

Stock-based compensation

Balance, December 31, 2013

Net income

Dividends on common
stock, $0.08 per share

Stock-based compensation

—

—

—

—

—

907

—

—

—

—

—

907

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2,379

2,968

—

—

—

1,745

1,184

5,897

—

—

(1,839)

61,541

(91,934)
—

—

368,313

70,582

—

(6,861)
—

—

432,034

84,834

(7,034)
—

Balance, December 31, 2014

$

907

$

4,058

$

509,834

$

Accumulated

Other

Treasury

Comprehensive

Stock
(56,350) $
—

Loss

Total

(3,081) $
—

340,771

61,541

—

—

1,797

1,797

—
(24,190)
—
(80,540)
—

—

—

39,355

—
(41,185)
—

—

2,973
(38,212) $

—

—

—
(1,284)
—

(91,934)
(24,190)
2,379

290,364

70,582

1,284

1,284

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(6,861)
41,100

1,184

397,653

84,834

(7,034)
1,134

— $

476,587

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
  by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

Deferred income taxes

Loss on sale of investments

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Gain on disposal of property and equipment

Changes in certain working capital items (net of acquisition):

Trade receivables

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and accrued expenses

Accrued income taxes

Net cash provided by operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

Purchases of property and equipment, net of trades

Maturity, calls and sales of investments

Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired

Change in other assets

Net cash used in investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Cash dividends paid

Borrowings on line of credit

Repayments on line of credit

Repayments on debt assumed

Repurchases of common stock

Net cash used in financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Beginning of period

End of period
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW
INFORMATION

Interest paid

Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of refunds

Noncash investing and financing activities:

Fair value of revenue equipment traded

Purchased property and equipment in accounts payable

Issuance of common stock in acquisition of business

Year Ended December 31,
2013

2012

2014

$

84,834

$

70,582

$

61,541

109,629

39,067

—

1,134
(33,544)

7,366
(1,009)
(19,017)
(16,007)
172,453

91,266
(204,973)
—
(3,011)
1,239
(115,479)

(7,034)
19,100
(69,500)
—

—
(57,434)
(460)

69,649

10,262

200

1,184
(33,270)

7,834

904
(9,722)
(6,388)
111,235

92,313
(135,195)
21,100
(110,900)
(825)
(133,507)

(6,861)
75,000

—
(147,942)
—
(79,803)
(102,075)

57,821
(5,751)
—

2,379
(15,109)

(2,357)
5,688

953
(2,992)
102,173

29,184
(66,811)
32,350

—
(704)
(5,981)

(91,934)
—

—

—
(24,190)
(116,124)
(19,932)

17,763

119,838

17,303

$

17,763

$

139,770

119,838

484

23,723

3,393

230

$

$

$

$

4

38,101

2,138

11,191

— $

41,100

$

$

$

$

$

—

42,776

—

698

—

$

$

$

$

$

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1.  Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Business

Heartland Express, Inc., (the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a holding company incorporated in Nevada, which owns all of 
the stock of Heartland Express Inc. of Iowa, Gordon Trucking, Inc. (“GTI”), Heartland Express Services, Inc., Heartland Express 
Maintenance Services, Inc., and A & M Express, Inc. We and our subsidiaries operate as one segment.  We, together with our 
subsidiaries, are a short-to-medium haul truckload carrier (predominately 500 miles or less per load) with corporate headquarters 
in North Liberty, Iowa.  We primarily provide nationwide asset-based dry van truckload service for major shippers from Washington 
to Florida and New England to California.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the parent company, Heartland Express, Inc., and its subsidiaries, 
all of which are wholly owned.  All material intercompany items and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 
(“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and 
expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Segment Information

We provide multiple transportation services across the United States (U.S.) and parts of Canada. We offer primarily asset-based 
transportation services in the dry van truckload market and also offer truckload temperature-controlled transportation services and 
non-asset based brokerage services.  None of our transportation services individually meet the definition of a segment.  Our Chief 
Operating Decision Maker oversees and manages all of our transportation services, on a combined basis, including the legacy 
transportation services of GTI, which was acquired on November 11, 2013.  As a result of the foregoing, we have determined that 
we have one segment, consistent with the authoritative accounting guidance on disclosures about segments of an enterprise and 
related information. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments with insignificant interest rate risk and original maturities of three 
months or less at acquisition.  At December 31, 2014, restricted and designated cash and investments totaled $12.6 million, and 
all of which was included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.  Restricted and designated cash and 
investments totaled $10.6 million at December 31, 2013 and $0.1 million was included in other current assets and $10.5 million 
was included in non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.  The restricted and designated funds represent deposits 
required by state agencies for self-insurance purposes and funds that are earmarked for a specific purpose and not for general 
business use.

Investments
Municipal bonds of $1.4 million and $1.4 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, are stated at amortized cost, are 
classified as held-to-maturity and are included in restricted cash in other non-current assets.  Investment income received on held-
to-maturity investments is generally exempt from federal income taxes and is accrued as earned.  

Trade Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Revenue is recognized when freight is delivered, creating a credit sale and an account receivable.  Credit terms for customer 
accounts are typically on a net 30 day basis.   We use a percentage of aged receivable method and our write off history in estimating 
the allowance for bad debts.  We review the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts on a monthly basis.  We are aggressive 
in our collection efforts resulting in a low number of write-offs annually.  Conditions that would lead an account to be considered 
39

uncollectible include customers filing bankruptcy and the exhaustion of all practical collection efforts.  We will use the necessary 
legal recourse to recover as much of the receivable as is practical under the law.  Allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.3 million 
and $1.0 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Prepaid Shop Supplies

Prepaid shop supplies consist mainly of parts for revenue equipment and are valued at the lower of average cost or market. 

Prepaid Tires, Property, Equipment, and Depreciation

Property and equipment are reported at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.  Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations 
as  incurred.  Tires  are  capitalized  separately  from  revenue  equipment  and  are  reported  separately  as  “Prepaid  tires”  in  the 
consolidated balance sheets and amortized over two years.  Depreciation expense of $1.1 million  and $0.7 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, has been included in communications and utilities in the consolidated statements 
of comprehensive income.  Depreciation for financial statement purposes is computed by the straight-line method for all assets 
other than tractors.  We recognize depreciation expense on tractors at 125% declining balance method.  New tractors are depreciated 
to salvage values of $15,000 while new trailers are depreciated to salvage values of $4,000.

We changed to 150% declining balance depreciation from the historical 125% declining balance depreciation for tractors in 2009 
due to lower used truck values, higher prices for new equipment, and uncertainty surrounding the reliability and resale value of 
tractors with 2010 emission-compliant engines.  Effective July 1, 2013, we changed depreciation for tractors back to the historical 
125% declining balance method as a stable used equipment market supported a return to our historical estimate of depreciation 
on tractor equipment over its expected useful life. Under the declining balance method, depreciation for each tractor is highest in 
the first year and declines in each year throughout the useful life.  Changing to the 125% declining balance method from the 150% 
declining balance method increased operating income and decreased depreciation expense by $3.3 million ($0.02 per share, net 
of tax effect) during the year ended December 31, 2014. 

Lives of the assets are as follows:

Land improvements and buildings
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and fixtures
Shop and service equipment
Revenue equipment

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Years
5-30
5-25
3-5
3-10
5-7

We periodically evaluate property and equipment and amortizable intangible assets for impairment upon the occurrence of events 
or changes in circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable.  Recoverability of assets to be 
held and used is evaluated by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected 
to be generated by the group.  If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the 
amount over which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.  There were no impairment charges 
recognized during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, held-to-maturity investments and accounts payable, which are 
recorded at cost, approximate fair value based on the short-term nature and high credit quality of these financial instruments. The 
fair value of long-term debt is equal to the carrying amount as all of the debt is variable rate debt at current market rates.

Advertising Costs

We  expense  all  advertising  costs  as  incurred.  Advertising  costs  are  included  in  other  operating  expenses  in  the  consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income.  Advertising expense was $2.7 million, $0.9 million, and $1.0 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively.

40

 
 
Goodwill

Goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment by applying a fair value based analysis in accordance with the authoritative 
accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets.  Our annual assessment is conducted as of the end of September 
each  year  and  no  indicators  requiring  assessment  were  identified  during  the  period  from  this  assessment  through  year-
end.  Management determined that no impairment charge was required for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.  

Other Intangibles, Net

Other intangibles, net consists primarily of a tradename, covenants not to compete, customer relationships, and real estate purchase 
options.  All intangible assets determined to have finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The useful life of an 
intangible asset is the period over which the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to future cash flows.  See Notes 
3 and 4 for additional information regarding intangible assets.

Contingent Consideration

We estimate and record the acquisition date estimated fair value of contingent consideration as part of purchase price consideration 
for acquisitions.  Additionally, each reporting period, we estimate changes in the fair value of contingent consideration, and any 
change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  An increase in the earn-out expected 
to be paid in connection with the GTI acquisition will result in a charge to operations in the year that the anticipated fair value of 
contingent consideration increases, while a decrease in the earn-out expected to be paid will result in a credit to operations in the 
year that the anticipated fair value of contingent consideration decreases.  The estimate of the fair value of contingent consideration 
requires subjective assumptions to be made of future operating results, discount rates, and probabilities assigned to various potential 
operating result scenarios.  Future revisions to these assumptions could materially change the estimate of the fair value of contingent 
consideration and, therefore, materially affect our future financial results.

Insurance Accruals

We  are  self-insured  for  auto  liability,  cargo  loss  and  damage,  bodily  injury  and  property  damage  (BI/PD),  and  workers’ 
compensation.  Insurance accruals reflect the estimated cost of claims, including estimated loss and loss adjustment expenses 
incurred but not reported, and not covered by insurance.  Accident and workers’ compensation accruals are based upon individual 
case estimates, including reserve development, and estimates of incurred-but-not-reported losses based upon our own historical 
experience and industry claim trends.  Insurance accruals are not discounted.  The cost of cargo and BI/PD insurance and claims 
are included in insurance and claims expense, while the costs of workers’ compensation insurance and claims are included in 
salaries, wages, and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  Insurance accruals are presented as either 
current or non-current in the consolidated balance sheets based on our expectation of when payment will occur. 

Health insurance accruals reflect the estimated cost of health related claims, including estimated expenses incurred but not reported.  
The cost of health insurance and claims are included in salaries, wages and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income.  Health insurance accruals of $6.7 million and $6.1 million are included in other accruals in the consolidated balance 
sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Revenue and Expense Recognition

Revenue is generally recognized when freight is delivered.  Revenue is estimated for multiple-stop loads based on the number of 
miles run prior to the end of the accounting period.  Revenue associated with loads delivered but not billed as of the end of an 
accounting period are estimated as part of revenue for that period.  Fuel surcharge revenue charged to customers and freight 
brokerage services on freight brokered to third party carriers are earned consistent with the timing of freight revenues and included 
in operating revenue in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  Fuel surcharge revenues were $170.4 million, 
$118.4 million, and $112.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively, and are included in 
operating revenue in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.  Revenue associated with freight brokerage services 
is recognized on a gross basis and as freight is delivered, as the Company is the primary obligor, although revenues are not material 
to the Company's consolidated operations.  Driver wages and other direct operating expenses are recognized when freight is 
delivered and are estimated for multiple-stop loads at the end of an accounting period. 

Stock-Based Compensation

We have a stock-based compensation plan that provides for the grants of restricted stock awards to our employees.  We account 
for restricted stock awards using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation.  Issuances of stock upon 
41

 
vesting of restricted stock are made from treasury stock.  Compensation expense for restricted stock grants is recognized over the 
requisite service period of each award and is included in salaries, wages and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income.  Total compensation of $6.5 million is being amortized over the requisite service period for each separate vesting period 
as if the award is, in substance, multiple awards.

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is based upon the weighted average common shares outstanding during each year.  Diluted earnings per 
share is based on the basic weighted earnings per share with additional weighted common shares for common stock equivalents.  
During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, we granted shares of common stock to certain of our employees under 
the Company's 2011 Restricted Stock Award Plan.  A reconciliation of the numerator (net income) and denominator (weighted 
average number of shares outstanding of the basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) for 2014, 2013, and 2012 is as follows 
(in thousands, except per share data):

2014

Net Income
(numerator)

Shares
(denominator)

Per Share
Amount

$

$

$

$

84,834

—

84,834

87,748

175

87,923

2013

Net Income
(numerator)

Shares
(denominator)

70,582

—

70,582

85,209

232

85,441

$

$

$

$

0.97

0.96

Per Share
Amount

0.83

0.83

Basic EPS

Effect of restricted stock

Diluted EPS

Basic EPS

Effect of restricted stock

Diluted EPS

Basic EPS

Net Income
(numerator)
61,541
$

Effect of restricted stock

—

Diluted EPS

$

61,541

2012
Shares
(denominator)
85,892

309

86,201

Per Share
Amount

$

$

0.72

0.71

Income Taxes

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the 
future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statements carrying amount of existing assets 
and liabilities and their respective tax basis.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  Such amounts 
are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse.  The 
effect of a change in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that the change in enacted.   A valuation allowance is 
recorded to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Pursuant to the authoritative accounting guidance on income taxes, when establishing a valuation allowance, we consider future 
sources of taxable income such as “future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and carry-forwards” and “tax planning 
strategies”.  In the event we determine that the deferred tax assets will not be realized in the future, the valuation adjustment to 
the deferred tax assets is charged to earnings or accumulated other comprehensive loss based on the nature of the asset giving rise 
to the deferred tax asset and the facts and circumstances resulting in that conclusion.

42

We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results 
reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years.  Adjustments based on filed returns are recorded when identified.

We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained.  Recognized 
income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition 
or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.  We record interest and penalties related to 
unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income.  Other comprehensive income refers to revenues, 
expenses, gains and losses that are not included in net income, but rather are recorded directly in stockholders' equity.  For the 
years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, comprehensive income consists of net income and unrealized gains on available-for-
sale securities.  For the year ended December 31, 2014, comprehensive income consisted of net income.

During the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, there was $0.0 million, $1.3 million, and $1.8 million, respectively, of 
income recorded directly in stockholders' equity related entirely to an unrealized gain on available for sale securities due to the 
reversal of a previously recorded reserve to adjust certain investments to estimated fair value based on calls of investments at par.  

Note 2.  Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major Customers

Our major customers represent primarily the consumer goods, appliances, food products and automotive industries.  Credit is 
granted to customers on an unsecured basis.  Our five largest customers accounted for approximately 32%, 32%, and 39% of 
operating revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.   Our five largest customers accounted 
for approximately 28% and 20% of gross accounts receivable as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  

There was no single customer that accounted for more than 10% of operating revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 
2013.  During the year ended December 31, 2012, one customer exceeded 10% of operating revenues. 

Note 3.  Acquisition of Gordon Trucking, Inc. 

On November 11, 2013, Heartland Express, Inc. of Iowa (the “Buyer”), our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a Stock Purchase 
Agreement, dated November 11, 2013 (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”), with GTI, the stockholders of GTI (the “Sellers”), and 
Mr. Larry Gordon, in his capacity as Sellers' Representative.  GTI is a truckload carrier headquartered near Seattle, Washington, 
offering primarily asset-based transportation services in the dry van truckload market.

Pursuant  to  the  Stock  Purchase Agreement,  the  Buyer  purchased  100%  of  GTI's  issued  and  outstanding  common  stock  (the 
“Transaction”).  The Buyer paid $285.0 million of total consideration, for the issued and outstanding common stock of GTI, which 
was paid in cash, restricted shares of our common stock, and the assumption of certain indebtedness of GTI.  The purchase price 
was adjusted in the first quarter of 2014 when a post-closing true-up of working capital that was finalized.  Up to an additional 
$20.0 million is payable in an earn-out for performance through 2017 with certain maximum amounts payable each year, as 
described  below.   The  Stock  Purchase Agreement  included  an  election  under  Internal  Revenue  Code  Section  338(h)(10).    In 
addition, the Buyer purchased the personal goodwill of Mr. Gordon for $15.0 million pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement. 

The Stock Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants, and indemnification provisions.  At 
closing, $24.0 million of the purchase price in the form of our common stock was placed in escrow to secure payment of any post-
closing adjustments to the purchase price and to secure the Sellers' indemnification obligations to the Buyer, and $6.0 million of 
the purchase price in cash was placed in escrow to secure the post-closing working capital adjustment, which was released when 
the post-closing working capital adjustment was finalized in the first quarter of 2014.

The funds to pay the cash consideration payable to the Sellers and Mr. Gordon were funded out of our available cash at the time 
of the acquisition.  The shares issued as part of the purchase price were issued from treasury shares.  In connection with the 
Transaction, the Buyer, as the borrower, as well as the Company, GTI, and the other members of our consolidated group entered 
into an unsecured revolving credit facility, initially in the amount of up to $250.0 million (the “Financing”).  Proceeds of the 
Financing were used in part to repay all of GTI's debt assumed in the Transaction.  See Note 5 for further details of the Financing.  

GTI's results have been included in the consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition and represented 48.6% of 
consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2013 and 9.6% of operating revenue for 2013.  Acquisition related expenses of $2.2 
million are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013.  

43

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 assume 
that the acquisition of GTI occurred as of January 1, 2012.  

Year ended

December 31, 2013

December 31, 2012

(in thousands)

Operating revenue

$

961,525

$

Net income

90,821

972,340

64,769

These pro forma amounts do not purport to be indicative of the results that would have actually been obtained if the acquisition 
had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented or that may be obtained in the future.  

The allocation of the purchase price is detailed in the tables below.  The goodwill recognized represents expected synergies from 
combining our operations with those of GTI, as well as other intangible assets that did not meet the criteria for separate recognition.  
All tax goodwill recognized in the Transaction is deductible for tax purposes over 15 years.

ALLOCATION OF PURCHASE PRICE

Cash paid (before netting $20 million cash acquired)

Value of common stock issued (2.86 million shares)
Total fair value of consideration transferred (before netting $20 million cash acquired),
excluding debt assumed
Allocated to:

(in thousands)

$

130,900

41,100

172,000

Historical book value of GTI's assets and liabilities

$

92,125

Adjustments to recognize assets and liabilities at acquisition-date fair value:

Property, plant, and equipment

Other assets

Liabilities

Fair value of tangible net assets acquired

Identifiable intangibles at acquisition-date fair value

Excess of consideration transferred over the net amount of assets and liabilities recognized,
including $13.6 million attributable to the fair value of a potential earn-out obligation
(goodwill)

(17,912)
3,450
(18,576)

59,087

19,042

$

93,871

Excess of consideration transferred over the net amount of assets and liabilities recognized, (goodwill), was still subject to final 
purchase price consideration related to post closing working capital adjustment as of December 31, 2013.  The post-closing net 
working capital amount was finalized in the first quarter of 2014, see Note 4 for further discussion.

44

The assets and liabilities associated with GTI were recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date and the amounts are as 
follows:

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable

Other current assets

Property and equipment

Other non-current assets

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Total assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Insurance accruals

Long-term debt

Other accruals

Total consideration transferred

TOTAL PURCHASE PRICE CONSIDERATION

Cash paid pursuant to Stock Purchase Agreement

Cash paid pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement

Cash acquired included in historical book value of GTI assets and liabilities

Net cash paid at closing

Common stock issued (par value of $0.01)

Debt assumption

(in thousands)

21,485

45,679

14,371

189,409

3,916

19,042

93,871

387,773
(29,165)
(23,821)
(147,942)
(14,845)
172,000

(in thousands)

115,900

15,000
(20,000)
110,900

41,100

148,000

300,000

$

$

$

$

$

$

Included in adjustments to recognize assets and liabilities at acquisition-date fair values was a liability of $1.5 million, which was 
included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2013, and which represented a working capital adjustment 
for additional amounts owed to the Sellers for the amount by which the cash balance actually delivered at closing exceeded the 
estimated cash balance of $20.0 million to be paid at closing and the amount by which the debt balance actually delivered at closing 
was less than the estimated debt balance of $148.0 million used in calculating the total purchase price consideration paid at closing.   

As part of the Stock Purchase Agreement, we entered into a contingent consideration agreement with certain stockholders of the 
Sellers.  The contingent consideration agreement includes various earn-out targets tied to certain operational metrics of GTI as 
well as consolidated operational performance over the period of 2014 through 2017.  The total potential earn-out is $20.0 million 
with maximum amounts payable each year as follows:

2014 $

2015

2016-2017

$

(in thousands)

6,000

6,000

8,000

20,000

Per the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Sellers will be entitled to any unearned earn-out amounts for 2014 and 2015 
if the maximum earn-out target is achieved in either the 2016 or 2017 earn-out period, but in no event will the earn-out exceed 
$20.0 million in the aggregate for all earn-out periods.  The contingent liability was estimated as of the acquisition date and has 
been included in the adjustments to liabilities at acquisition-date fair value recorded.  Estimated fair value of this contingent 
liability as of the acquisition date was calculated using unobservable, Level 3 inputs, due to lack of observable market inputs.  The 
original valuation of the contingent liability was generated by third party valuation personnel using a Monte Carlo, assuming 
Geometric Brownian Motion, simulation model to hypothetically replicate our future performance, which model was based on 

45

techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market including our estimated future operating performance,  
a risk-free rate, volatility rate, and the underlying time period.   As such, the fair value of the contingent liability is subject to 
change based on actual results of GTI and us in future years.  We may be required to record an operating expense in a future period 
for any difference in the recorded liability, at December 31, 2014, and the potential earn-out maximum payment of $20.0 million 
based on actual results.  At December 31, 2014, the Company estimated the potential earn-out of $13.6 million, of which $2.3 
million was included in other current liabilities and $11.3 million was included in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2014.  
At December 31, 2013, the liability for the potential earn-out was $13.6 million, all of which were included in other long-term 
liabilities.

Note 4.  Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following tables summarize the intangible assets subject to amortization for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2013. 

Amortization
period (years)

Gross Amount

2014

Customer relationships

Tradename

Covenants not to compete

Real estate options

20

6

10

2.2

Amortization
period (years)

Customer relationships

Tradename

Covenants not to compete

Real estate options

20

6

10

2.2

$

$

$

$

Accumulated
Amortization
(in thousands)
$

428

1,388

351

495

Net intangible
assets

$

7,172

6,012

2,749

447

7,600

7,400

3,100

942

19,042

$

2,662

$

16,380

2013

Gross Amount

Accumulated
Amortization
(in thousands)

Net intangible
assets

$

7,600

7,400

3,100

942

$

48

154

39

55

7,552

7,246

3,061

887

19,042

$

296

$

18,746

Amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets at acquisition-date fair values from the date of acquisition to 
December 31, 2013 and for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 was $0.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively, and was 
included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  Future amortization expense 
for intangible assets is estimated at $2.4 million the year ending December, 31, 2015, $1.9 million for 2016, $1.9 million for 2017,  
$1.9 million for 2018, and $1.8 million for 2019.  

Changes in carrying amount of goodwill were as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2013

Acquisitions

Balance at December 31, 2013

Acquisition adjustments

Balance at December 31, 2014

(in thousands)

4,815

93,871

98,686

1,526

100,212

46

Included in the carrying amount of goodwill at December 31, 2013 was $1.5 million, which was included in accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2013, representing a working capital adjustment for additional amounts owed to the sellers 
of GTI for the amount by which the cash balance actually delivered at closing exceeded the estimated cash balance of $20.0 million 
to be paid at closing on November 11, 2013. The final consideration transferred over the net amount of assets and liabilities 
recognized on November 11, 2013 (goodwill) was still subject to post closing working capital adjustments at December 31, 2013. 
The working capital adjustments were finalized in March 2014 resulting in an additional payment of $3.0 million, which included 
the$1.5 million liability recorded at December 31, 2013. 

Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets are tested at least annually for impairment by applying a fair value based analysis in 
accordance with the authoritative accounting guidance on goodwill and other intangible assets. We perform an annual impairment 
test as of the end of September each year or any other time when indicators requiring further assessment are identified. There were 
no indicators requiring further assessment that were identified during the twelve month period ended December 31, 2014 and our 
2014 annual impairment test resulted in no impairment.

Note 5.  Long-Term Debt

In November 2013, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National 
Association, (the “Bank”), Heartland Express, Inc. of Iowa as the borrower (the “Borrower”), us, GTI, and the other members of 
our consolidated group, as Guarantors.  Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Bank provided a five-year, $250.0 million unsecured 
revolving line of credit, which was used to finance the Transaction, including the payoff of debt assumed as part of the Transaction.  
We may also use the line of credit in the future for working capital, equipment financing, and general corporate purposes.  The 
Bank's commitment decreased to $225.0 million on November 1, 2014, and will decrease to $200.0 million on November 1, 2015, 
and to $175.0 million on November 1, 2016 through October 31, 2018.

The Credit Agreement is unsecured, with a negative pledge against all assets of our consolidated group, except for debt associated 
with permitted acquisitions, new purchase-money debt and capital lease obligations as described in the Credit Agreement.  The 
Credit Agreement matures on October 31, 2018.  The Borrower has the ability to terminate the commitment at any time at no 
additional cost to the Borrower.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement can either be, at Borrower's election, (i) one-month or 
three-month LIBOR (Index) plus 0.625%, floating, or (ii) Prime (Index) plus 0.0%, floating.  There is a commitment fee on the 
unused portion of the revolving line of credit at 0.625%, due quarterly.

The Credit Agreement contains customary financial covenants including, but not limited to, (i) a maximum adjusted leverage ratio 
of 2:1, measured quarterly, (ii) a minimum net income requirement of $1.00, measured quarterly, (iii) a minimum tangible net 
worth of $200 million requirement, measured quarterly, and (iv) limitations on other indebtedness and liens.  The Credit Agreement 
also includes customary events of default, conditions, representations and warranties, and indemnification provisions.  We were 
in compliance with the financial covenants at December 31, 2014.

Long term debt consisted of the following at December 31 (in thousands):

Long-term debt

$

24,600

$

75,000

December 31, 2014

December 31, 2013

The weighted average variable annual percentage rate (“APR”) for amounts borrowed and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2013 was 0.787% and 0.793%, respectively. Borrowing under the line of credit is recorded in “Long-term debt”  in 
the consolidated balance sheets.  Outstanding letters of credit associated with the revolving line of credit at December 31, 2014 
were $4.4 million compared to $5.5 million at December 31, 2013.  As of December 31, 2014, the line of credit available for future 
borrowing was $196.0 million compared to $169.5 million at December 31, 2013.  

Note 6.  Accident and Workers’ Compensation Insurance Accruals

We act as a self-insurer for auto liability involving property damage, personal injury, or cargo based on defined insurance retention 
amounts ranging from $0.5 million to $2.0 million for any individual claim based on the insured party and circumstances of the 
loss event.  Liabilities in excess of these amounts are covered by insurance up to $75.0 million.  We retain any liability in excess 
of $75.0 million. We act as a self-insurer for property damage to our tractors and trailers.

We act as a self-insurer for workers’ compensation liability ranging from $0.5 million to $1.0 million for any individual claim 
based on the insured party and circumstances of the loss event.    Liabilities in excess of this amount are covered by insurance.  
The State of Iowa initially required us to deposit $0.7 million into a trust fund as part of the self-insurance program.  Earnings on 

47

this account become part of the required deposit and as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 total deposits in this account 
were $1.4 million.  This deposit is in municipal bonds classified as held-to-maturity and is recorded in other non-current assets 
on the consolidated balance sheets.  The State of Washington required us to deposit $0.7 million into a trust fund as part of the 
self  insurance  program.   As  of  December 31,  2014,  $0.7  million  of  deposits  was  recorded  in  other  non-current  assets  on  the 
consolidated balance sheets.  As of December 31, 2013, $0.6 million of deposits was recorded in other non-current assets and $0.1 
million was included in other current assets.

In addition, we have provided insurance carriers with letters of credit totaling approximately $7.5 million in connection with our 
liability and workers’ compensation insurance arrangements and self-insurance requirements of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration.  There were no outstanding balances due on  any letters of credit at December 31, 2014 or 2013.

Accident and workers’ compensation accruals include the estimated settlements, settlement expenses and an estimate for claims 
incurred but not yet reported for property damage, personal injury and public liability losses from vehicle accidents and cargo 
losses as well as workers’ compensation claims for amounts not covered by insurance.  Accident and workers’ compensation 
accruals are based upon individual case estimates, including reserve development, and estimates of incurred-but-not-reported 
losses based upon our own historical experience and industry claim trends.  Since the reported liability is an estimate, the ultimate 
liability may be more or less than reported.  If adjustments to previously established accruals are required, such amounts are 
included in operating expenses in the current period.  These accruals are recorded on an undiscounted basis.  Estimated claim 
payments to be made within one year of the balance sheet date have been classified as insurance accruals within current liabilities 
as of December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Note 7.  Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of  December 31 are as follows:

Deferred income tax assets:

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Accrued expenses

Stock-based compensation

Insurance accruals

State net operating loss carryforward

Indirect tax benefits of unrecognized tax benefits

Other

Total gross deferred tax assets

Less valuation allowance

Net deferred tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities:

Property and equipment

Goodwill

Prepaid expenses

Net deferred tax liability

2014

2013

(in thousands)

$

478

$

8,969

677

25,395

3,241

4,595

772

44,127

—

44,127

291

6,980

648

26,000

682

4,846

1,207

40,654

—

40,654

(125,611)
(2,385)
(2,969)
(130,965)
(86,838) $

$

(85,849)
(1,835)
(741)
(88,425)
(47,771)

The deferred tax amounts above have been classified in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2014 and 
2013 as follows:

Current assets, net
Long-term liabilities, net

48

2014

2013

(in thousands)
14,767
(101,605)
(86,838) $

$

14,177
(61,948)
(47,771)

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We have not recorded a valuation allowance against any deferred tax assets at December 31, 2014 and 2013.  In management’s 
opinion, it is more likely than not that we will be able to utilize these deferred tax assets in future periods as a result of our history 
of profitability, taxable income, and reversal of deferred tax liabilities.

Income tax expense consists of the following:

Current income taxes:

Federal

State

Deferred income taxes:

Federal

State

Total

2014

2013

2012

(in thousands)

$

6,860

$

855

7,715

36,706

2,362

39,068

30,560

1,152

31,712

7,192

3,070

10,262

$

46,783

$

41,974

$

38,148

1,636

39,784

(5,890)
140
(5,750)
34,034

The income tax provision differs from the amount determined by applying the U.S. federal tax rate as follows:

Federal tax at statutory rate (35%)

State taxes, net of federal benefit

Non-taxable interest income

Uncertain income tax penalties and interest, net

Other

2014

2013

2012

(in thousands)

$

46,066

$

39,395

2,737
(7)
(993)
(1,020)
46,783

$

3,242
(20)
(766)
123

$

41,974

$

33,451

1,554
(48)
(616)
(307)
34,034

At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had a total of $12.6 million and $13.4 million in gross unrecognized tax 
benefits, respectively.  Of this amount, $8.0 million and $8.6 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if 
recognized, would impact our effective tax rate as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.  Unrecognized 
tax benefits were a net decrease of $0.8 million and $2.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, 
due mainly to the expiration of certain statutes of limitation net of additions and settlements with respective states.  This had the 
effect of reducing the effective state tax rate during these respective periods.  The total net amount of accrued interest and penalties 
for such unrecognized tax benefits was $5.7 million and $6.7 million at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively,  
and is included in income taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheets.  Net interest and penalties included in income tax 
expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was a benefit of approximately $1.0 million, $0.7 million, and 
$0.6 million respectively.  Income tax expense is increased each period for the accrual of interest on outstanding positions and 
penalties when the uncertain tax position is initially recorded.  Income tax expense is reduced in periods by the amount of accrued 
interest  and  penalties  associated  with  reversed  uncertain  tax  positions  due  to  lapse  of  applicable  statute  of  limitations,  when 
applicable or when a position is settled.  Income tax expense was reduced during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 
2012 due to reversals of interest and penalties due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations and settlements, net of additions for 
interest and penalty accruals during the same period.  These unrecognized tax benefits relate to risks associated with state income 
tax filing positions for our corporate subsidiaries.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

Balance at January 1,

Additions based on tax positions related to current year

Additions for tax positions of prior years

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations

Settlements

Balance at December 31,

2014

2013

(in thousands)

$

13,432

$

15,723

983

277
—

(2,060)
—

843

616
(300)

(1,984)
(1,466)

$

12,632

$

13,432

A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and ultimately settled.  It is difficult to predict the ultimate 
outcome or the timing of resolution for uncertain tax positions. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax 
benefits could significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. These changes could result from the expiration 
of the statute of limitations, examinations or other unforeseen circumstances.  We do not have any outstanding litigation related 
to tax matters.  At this time, management’s best estimate of the reasonably possible change in the amount of gross unrecognized 
tax benefits is a decrease of approximately $0.7 million to a decrease of $1.7 million during the next twelve months, mainly due 
to the expiration of certain statute of limitations, net of additions.  The federal statute of limitations remains open for the years 
2011  and  forward.   Tax  years  2004  and  forward  are  subject  to  audit  by  state  tax  authorities  depending  on  the  tax  code  and 
administrative practice of each state.

Note 8.  Operating Leases

We have operating leases for certain revenue equipment.  A portion of these leases are with a commercial tractor dealership, which 
is owned by a board member and certain of our employees.  Rent expense for these leases was $8.3 million and $1.3 million, 
(including related-party rental payments totaling $6.8 million and $0.9 million), for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, 
respectively, and were included in rent and purchased transportation in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  
The various leases expire from 2015 through 2016.  

We lease certain terminal facilities under operating leases.  A portion of these leases are with limited liability companies, whose 
members include a board member and certain of our employees and a commercial tractor dealership owned by a board member 
and certain of our employees.  The related-party rental payments were entered into as a result of the Transaction.  Rent expense 
for terminal facilities were $4.2 million and $0.7 million, (including related-party rental payments totaling $3.9 million and $0.6 
million), for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and was included in rent and purchased transportation 
in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  The various leases expire from 2015 through 2018 and contain options 
to renew.  We have purchase options on the majority of these facilities.  We exercised our purchase option on the Lathrop, California 
terminal and finalized this purchase during the second quarter of 2014.  We paid $2.8 million to a limited liability company, whose 
members include a board member and certain of our employees, as a result of this transaction.  We have a right of first refusal on 
the sale of the Pacific, Washington location property by the owners.  We are responsible for all taxes, insurance, and utilities related 
to the terminal leases.  See Note 4 for acquisition-date fair value of the “Real estate options”.  

As of December 31, 2014, we did not have any capital lease obligations.  Future minimum lease payments related to the operating 
leases described above, as of December 31, 2014, are as follows:

Amounts (in thousands)

Related Party

Non-Related Party

Total

6,580 $

507 $

5,010

3,718

3,408

—

206

135

—

—

7,087

5,216

3,853

3,408

—

18,716 $

848 $

19,564

2015

2016

2017

2018

Thereafter

Total

$

$

See Note 12 for additional information regarding related party transactions.

50

 
Note 9.  Equity

In 2001, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase 15.4 million shares, adjusted for stock splits, of our common 
stock in open market or negotiated transactions using available cash, cash equivalents and investments which was subsequently 
amended in February 2012 to increase the remaining number of authorized shares for repurchase to 5 million.  Approximately 3.2 
million shares remaining authorized for repurchase under the program as of December 31, 2014 and has no expiration date.  There 
were  no  shares  repurchased  in  the  open  market  during  the  years  ended  December 31,  2014  and  2013  and  1.8  million  shares 
repurchased during 2012.  Shares repurchased during 2012 were accounted for as treasury stock.  Shares purchased under the 
repurchase program prior to 2012 were retired.  The share repurchase authorization is discretionary, and may be suspended or 
discontinued at any time without prior notice.  

During the years ended December 31, 2014,  2013 and 2012 our Board of Directors declared regular quarterly dividends totaling 
$7.0 million, $6.9 million, and $6.9 million for each year, respectively.  We paid a special dividend of $85.0 million during the 
fourth quarter of 2012.  Future payment of cash dividends and the amount of such dividends will depend upon our financial 
conditions, our results of operations, our cash requirements, our tax treatment, and certain corporate law requirements, as well as 
factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

Note 10.  Stock-Based Compensation

In July 2011, a Special Meeting of Stockholders of Heartland Express, Inc. was held, at which meeting the approval of the Heartland 
Express, Inc. 2011 Restricted Stock Award Plan (the “Plan”) was ratified.  The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee 
of our Board of Directors.  Per the terms of the awards, employees receiving awards will have all of the rights of a stockholder 
with respect to the unvested restricted shares including, but not limited to, the right to receive such cash dividends, if any, as may 
be declared on such shares from time to time and the right to vote such shares at any meeting of our stockholders.

The Plan made available up to 0.9 million shares for the purpose of making restricted stock grants to our eligible officers and 
employees.  During December 2011, 0.4 million shares were granted to employees and no additional shares were granted during 
2012.  There were 0.05 million shares granted during 2014 and 0.02 million shares were granted in 2013.  The shares granted 
under the Plan during 2011 are service based awards beginning December 14, 2011 and 20% of the awards vest each June 1st 
through 2016.  The shares issued in 2014 and 2013 are also service based awards and generally vest evenly from the date of grant 
through the fifth anniversary date of the grant.  Once vested, there are no other restrictions on the awards.  Compensation expense 
associated with these awards is based on the market value of our stock on the grant date.  Our market closing price on December 14, 
2011, grant date, was $13.57 and ranged between $13.86 and $18.18 on the various grant dates for the shares issued in 2013.  The 
Company's market close price ranged between $21.72 and $27.47 on the various grant dates during 2014.  There were no significant 
assumptions made in determining the fair value.  Compensation expense associated with restricted stock awards is included in 
salaries, wages and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.  Compensation expense associated with 
restricted stock awards was $1.1 million, $1.2 million, and $2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 
respectively.    Unrecognized  compensation  expense  was  $1.3  million  at  December 31,  2014  which  will  be  recognized  over  a 
weighted average period of 1.5 years. 

The following table summarizes our restricted stock award activity for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.  The 
vesting date for the majority of awards vested in 2014 was June 1, 2014.  The fair value of awards vested during 2014, 2013 and 
2012 was $1.1 million, $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively.  

2014

Number of Shares of
Restricted Stock
Awards (in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

211.5

52.2
(75.6)
(5.0)
183.1

$

$

13.81

25.40

14.34

13.57

16.78

51

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

2013

Number of Shares of
Restricted Stock
Awards (in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

276.8

23.0
(75.3)
(13.0)
211.5

$

$

2012

13.57

17.28

14.04

13.57

13.81

Unvested at beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding (unvested) at end of year

Number of Shares of
Restricted Stock
Awards (in thousands)
351.0

—
(70.2)
(4.0)
276.8

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

$

$

13.57

—

13.57

13.57

13.57

Note 11.  Profit Sharing Plan and Retirement Plan

We have retirement savings plans (the “Plans”) for substantially all employees who have completed one year of service and are 
19 years of age or older.  Employees may make 401(k) contributions subject to Internal Revenue Code limitations. The Plans 
provide for a discretionary profit sharing contribution to non-driver employees and a matching contribution of a discretionary 
percentage to driver employees (Heartland Plan) and discretionary matching contributions to driver and non-driver employees 
(GTI Plan).  Our profit sharing contributions totaled approximately $2.1 million, $0.4 million, and $0.7 million, for the years 
ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

Note 12.  Related Party

We lease terminal facilities for operations under operating leases from certain limited liability companies, whose members include 
a board member and certain of our employees, and a commercial tractor dealership owned by a board member and certain of our 
employees.  The terminal facility leases have initial five year terms with options to renew and options to purchase with the exception 
of the Pacific, Washington location which contains a right of first refusal on any sale of the property.  

We purchased tractors from and sold tractors to the commercial tractor dealership noted above.  We also have operating leases for 
certain  revenue  equipment  with  the  commercial  tractor  dealership  and  we  also  purchased  parts  and  services  from  the  same 
commercial tractor dealership.  We owed this commercial tractor dealership $0.1 million and $1.3 million, which were included 
in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014 and 2013, for parts and service 
and tractors delivered but not paid for prior to December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  We also provide certain administrative 
services to this commercial tractor dealership.  

52

The related payments (receipts) with related parties for the period after the close of the Transaction, November 11, 2013 through 
December 31, 2013 and for the year ended December 31, 2014 were as follows:

Payments for tractor purchases

Receipts for tractor sales

Receipts for trailer sales

Revenue equipment lease payments

Payments for parts and services

Terminal lease payments

Terminal lease purchase option payment

Administrative services receipts

December 31, 2014

November 11, 2013 to
December 31, 2013

(in thousands)

$

$

46,562
(15,564)
(103)
6,842

5,906

3,930

2,825
(516)
49,882

$

$

6,884
(2,138)
—

930

1,058

572

—
(98)
7,208

Note 13.  Commitments and Contingencies

We  are  a  party  to  ordinary,  routine  litigation  and  administrative  proceedings  incidental  to  our  business.    In  the  opinion  of 
management, our potential exposure under pending legal proceedings is adequately provided for in the accompanying consolidated 
financial statements.  

The total estimated purchase commitments for tractors, net of tractor sale commitments, and trailer equipment, at December 31, 
2014, was $85.9 million.  

Note 14.  Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

Year ended December 31, 2014

Operating revenue
Operating income
Income before income taxes
Net income
Net income per share, basic
Net income per share, diluted

Year ended December 31, 2013(1)
Operating revenue
Operating income
Income before income taxes
Net income
Net income per share, basic
Net income per share, diluted

First

Second

Third

Fourth

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

224,481
20,688
20,569
14,079
0.16
0.16

134,273
30,207
30,330
19,734
0.23
0.23

226,785
40,642
40,616
26,472
0.30
0.30

133,992
29,375
29,504
19,138
0.23
0.23

217,092
36,290
36,214
22,737
0.26
0.26

130,645
26,000
26,126
15,868
0.19
0.19

202,997
34,247
34,216
21,544
0.25
0.25

183,348
26,720
26,596
15,842
0.18
0.18

(1) We acquired 100% of the outstanding stock of GTI on November 11, 2013 and therefore our operating results for the

fourth quarter of 2013 includes the operating results of GTI for the period of November, 11, 2013 to December 31, 2013.

Note 15.  Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events occurring subsequent to December 31, 2014 through the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K for disclosure.   As of January 31, 2015, we had no outstanding borrowings on our line of credit.  No other events occurred 
requiring disclosure.   

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
Column C
Charges To

Column B

Column A

Column D

Balance At
Beginning
of Period

Cost
And
Expense

Other
Accounts (1)

Deductions

Column E

Balance
At End
of Period

Description
Allowance for doubtful accounts:
Year ended December 31, 2014
Year ended December 31, 2013
Year ended December 31, 2012

$

$

1,028
829
791

$

466
(27)
205

— $
238
—

$

232
12
167

1,262
1,028
829

(1)   Addition to allowance for doubtful accounts following acquisition of GTI.  

See accompanying Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEARTLAND EXPRESS, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES

CORPORATE INFORMATION

DIRECTORS
Michael J. Gerdin
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and
President, Heartland Express, Inc.

KEY EMPLOYEES
Michael J. Gerdin
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and
President, Heartland Express, Inc.

Dr. Benjamin J. Allen
Retired President, University of Northern Iowa

John P. Cosaert
Executive Vice President, Finance and Treasurer, and Chief
Financial Officer, Heartland Express, Inc.

Lawrence D. Crouse
President, Oak Creek Ranch, LLC

Thomas E. Hill
Vice President, Controller, and Secretary, Heartland Express,
Inc.

James G. Pratt
Retired Secretary and Treasurer, Hills Bancorporation

Dennis J. Wilkinson
Vice President, Operations, Heartland Express, Inc.

Dr. Tahira K. Hira 
Retired Senior Policy Advisor to the President, Iowa State
University and a Professor of Personal Finance and
Consumer Economics

Gary L. King
Vice President, Safety and Human Resources, Heartland
Express, Inc.

Larry J. Gordon
Chief Executive Officer, Valley Freightliner
Founder, Gordon Trucking, Inc.

TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
250 Royall Street Canton, MA  02021

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM
KPMG LLP                                                                         
2500 Ruan Center
666 Grand Avenue
Des Moines, Iowa 50309

CORPORATE COUNSEL
Scudder Law Firm, P.C., L.L.O
411 South 13th Street, Second Floor
Lincoln, NE  68508

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
Heartland Express, Inc.
901 North Kansas Avenue
North Liberty, IA  52317-4726

Todd A. Trimble
Vice President, Regional Operations, Heartland Express, Inc.

Mark E. Crouse
Vice President, Western Operations, Heartland Express, Inc.

Kent D. Rigdon
Vice President, Sales, Heartland Express, Inc.

ANNUAL MEETING
Heartland's Annual Meeting will be held at 8:00 a.m. local
time on May 14, 2015 at Hills Bank and Trust Company, 590
West Forevergreen Road, North Liberty, IA 52317

COMMON STOCK
NASDAQ Global Select Market - HTLD

A copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, including exhibits thereto, for the year ended December 31, 2014, as filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission, may be obtained by stockholders of record without charge upon written request to 
Thomas E. Hill, at the Company.

55

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The following graph compares five-year cumulative total stockholder returns on the Company’s Common Stock with 
INSERT STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH
the cumulative total stockholder return of the Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S. Companies) and the Nasdaq Trucking & 
Transportation Stocks commencing December 31, 2009 and ending December 31, 2014.

The stock performance graph assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2009. There can be no assurance that the 
Company’s stock performance will continue into the future with the same or similar trends depicted in the graph above.  
The Company will not make or endorse any predictions as to future stock performance. The CRSP Index for Nasdaq 
Trucking & Transportation Stocks includes all publicly held truckload motor carriers traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market, 
as well as all Nasdaq companies within the Standard Industrial Code Classifications 3700-3799, 4200-4299, 4400-4599, 
and 4700-4799 U.S. and Foreign. The Company will provide the names of all companies in such index upon request.  

56

 
 
Annual Report

2014

HEARTLAND EXPRESS

901 NORTH KANSAS AVENUE | NORTH LIBERTY, IOWA 52317