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Incannex Healthcare Limited

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FY2022 Annual Report · Incannex Healthcare Limited
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2022 
Annual report

Limitless 
Potential

Incannex Healthcare Limited 
ASX: IHL  |  NASDAQ: IXHL 

Our Mission is to 
create first-in-class 
pharmaceutical drugs 
and therapies for 
patients with unmet 
medical needs.

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedCorporate 
Information

Contents

Incannex Healthcare Limited
ABN 93 096 635 246

Directors

Mr Joel Latham (Managing Director & CEO)

Mr Troy Valentine (Non-Executive Chairman)

Mr Peter Widdows (Non-Executive Director)

Dr George Anastassov (Non-Executive Director)

Share Register

Automic Pty Ltd 
Level 5 126 Phillip Street 
Sydney NSW 2000 
T +61 2 9698 5414

Mr Robert B. Clark (Non-Executive Director)

Auditors

Company Secretary

Madhukar Bhalla

Registered Office

Level 39, South Tower Rialto 
525 Collins Street 
Melbourne Victoria 3000

Principal Place of Business

105/8 Century Circuit 
Norwest 2153

PKF Brisbane Audit 
Level 6, 10 Eagle St 
Brisbane 4000, Queensland

Securities Exchange Listing

ASX Limited (Australian Securities Exchange) 
Home Exchange: Melbourne Victoria 
ASX Codes: IHL

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Corporate Information 

Chairman’s Message 

Directors’ Report 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes In Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

Directors’ Declaration 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Securities Exchange Information 

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited Integrating with APIRx has 
significantly enhanced our 
intellectual property position 
and has diversified our 
pipeline of drug candidates 
with a suite of projects with 
major economic potential.

Chairman’s 
Message

On behalf of the Board of Directors, I am pleased to present the 
Annual Report of Incannex Healthcare Limited (“Incannex” or “IHL”) 
for the financial year ended 30 June 2022. 

The year has presented Incannex with major opportunities and 
good fortunes in our research endeavours despite challenging 
conditions for capital markets in the second half of the year. 

The hard work and dedication of our broader team has 
culminated in Incannex becoming an ASX300 company, 
an outstanding achievement that puts our business in an 
echelon that all emerging public companies strive for, and 
we have a lot more to look forward to in the coming year.  

Our CEO, Joel Latham has continued to provide outstanding 
leadership for the team, which has been bolstered by new 
staff appointments of highly experienced people in key roles 
for our company. 

Operationally we’ve seen significant advancements in 
clinical development across the entire portfolio.  

In our IHL-42X program to treat obstructive sleep apnoea, 
patients in our phase 2 trial were dosed safely and 
successfully and the clinical trial results in fact exceeded 
the expectations of our scientific team. We’re now looking 
forward to working on our FDA IND opening trial, which marks 
the commencement of the pivotal studies required to obtain 
drug registration and marketing approval in the United States. 

It was also an important year for IHL-675A, our multi-use 
cannabinoid drug candidate for inflammatory disorders. 
Various pre-clinical assessments of IHL-675A have 
demonstrated superior outcomes to CBD alone, which 
is encouraging to us from a marketability and economic 
perspective. 

A significant body of work has been undertaken to produce 
GMP grade soft gel capsules incorporating our drug 
candidate, these capsules are being used in our phase 1 
clinical trial being conducted in Adelaide, South Australia.  

We’re also very pleased with progress in our IHL-216A 
program to treat traumatic brain injury and concussion. 
In May of 2022, we reported to ASX that IHL-216A 
demonstrated a neuroprotective effect in a rodent model 
of sports concussion, restoring spatial memory post-
concussion more rapidly than untreated animals. Following 
these and other positive pre-clinical observations, we are 
now liaising with the FDA on an appropriate clinical program 
to demonstrate our product’s safety and efficacy. 

Our partnership with Monash University continues to 
flourish as we work with world renowned Dr Paul Liknaitzky 
to undertake clinical trials in the psychedelic therapy space. 
The phase 2 Psi-GAD clinical trial that combines psilocybin 
and psychotherapy to treat patients with generalised anxiety 
disorder has been led with the utmost professionalism 
and enthusiasm. Psychedelic therapies continue to garner 
attention from the psychiatric field globally and we are 
delighted to be working with Monash University to build this 
highly innovative mode of treatment.

From a corporate perspective, we are excited to have 
finalised the acquisition of APIRx Pharmaceuticals. 
Integrating with APIRx has significantly enhanced our 
intellectual property position and has diversified our 
pipeline of drug candidates with a suite of projects with 
major economic potential. I’d like to welcome Dr George 
Anastassov and Mr Lekhram Changoer, the founders of 
APIRx, to the Incannex team. 

Financially, the company remains in a strong position with 
a long cash runway, reinforced by our $24 million option 
exercise program completed in April. Moreover, completing 
our listing on Nasdaq has opened us to a whole new market 
of stakeholders in the United States. 

Our strong financial position and having strong investor 
visibility in Australia and the United States gives us the 
necessary comfort to conduct our research programs 
unimpeded and at pace as we focus on delivering our novel 
pharmaceutical products and therapies to patients in need.

Finally, I would like to thank CEO and managing director 
Mr Joel Latham and the entire Incannex team for their 
energy and commitment they bring to Incannex on a daily 
basis. I thank our shareholders - we very much appreciate 
your support and look forward to our exciting journey 
together throughout FY2023.

Troy Valentine 
Chairman

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedDirectors’ 
Report

Your directors submit the annual financial report of Incannex Healthcare Limited 
(“IHL” or “the Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary (‘the Group”) for the 
financial year ended 30 June 2022. In order to comply with the provisions of the 
Corporations Act 2001, the Directors report as follows: 

Directors
The names of directors who held office during or since the end of the year and 
until the date of this report are as follows. Directors were in office for this entire 
period unless otherwise stated. No director served as a director of any other 
listed company during the period of three years immediately before the end of 
the financial year.

Mr Joel Latham  
Managing Director &  
Chief Executive Officer 

Appointed 24 July 2019

Mr Troy Valentine  
Non-Executive Chairman

B. Comm 
Appointed 11 December 2017

Mr Peter Widdows  
Non-Executive Director

ACA (ICAEW), BTec, MAICD 
Appointed 1 March 2018

Dr George Anastassov  
Non Executive Director

Appointed 28 June 2022

Joel Latham is the CEO and Managing Director of 
Incannex Healthcare and is responsible for the Company’s 
commercial operations, strategic decision- making, and 
oversight of all clinical development assets. Joel has 
over 15 years commercial management and executive 
experience, working for a range multi-national publicly 
traded companies.

Troy Valentine has been Chairman of the Board of Directors 
since December 2017. Mr. Valentine is a finance professional 
with managerial and Board experience spanning over 
27 years. He commenced his career with Australian 
brokerage firm Hartley Poynton (now Euroz Hartley’s 
Limited) in 1994 before moving to Patersons Securities  
(now Canaccord Genuity) in 2000 and subsequently became 
an Associate Director. During his time at Patersons, he 
was responsible for managing both retail and institutional 
accounts. Mr. Valentine has significant corporate and capital 
raising experience, especially with start-ups and small to 
mid-cap size companies. 

He is currently a director of Australian boutique corporate 
advisory firm Alignment Capital Pty Ltd, which he  
co-founded in 2014.

Peter Widdows is the former Regional CEO of the H.J. Heinz 
corporation, with responsibility for a large portion of Asia 
and Australasia. He has extensive experience in Australian 
and international consumer goods markets and has worked 
as a senior executive/CEO in numerous geographies, 
including Europe, the USA and Asia/Pacific. Mr Widdows 
has a strong track record of driving profitable growth in 
both small and large companies and turning around poor 
performing businesses. 

Dr Anastassov is responsible for APIRx commercial 
operations, strategic decision-making, and oversight of 
 all clinical development assets. He is one of the  
developers of the first-in-the world cannabinoid-containing 
chewing gum-based delivery system among a number of 
other systems and formulations. Previously, he was  
CEO and co-founder of AXIM Biotechnologies, which 
achieved an all-time-high market capitalization of 
approximately US$1.2B. 

He is the current Non-executive Chair of Sunny Queen 
Australia Ltd – Australia’s largest shell egg and egg based 
meal producer and a Non-Executive Director of Youi 
Holdings Ltd – A general insurance company.

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedPrincipal Activities
During the financial year, the principal 
activity of the Company was research 
and development associated with 
medicinal cannabinoid and psychedelic 
pharmaceutical products and therapies.

Review of operations and 
significant changes in 
state of affairs
Operating result for the year

The Group’s loss for the year to 30 June 
2022 after income tax was $14,903,909 
(2021: Loss of $8,163,590).

Cash resources
At 30 June 2022, the Group had total 
funds, comprising cash at bank and on 
hand of $37,500,931 the majority of which 
is held in Australian dollars. Total current 
assets at year-end stand at $37,879,608.

Director’s 
Report

Company Secretary

Robert Clark 
Non Executive Director

Madhukar Bhalla 

Appointed 17 August 2022

Appointed 7 July 2021

Robert Clark is currently the Vice President, Regulatory 
Affairs for Novo Nordisk in the United States.  He joined 
Novo Nordisk in 2012 after spending over 20 years at 
Pfizer in roles of increasing responsibility in the regulatory 
field.  Robert has over 35 years of US and global regulatory 
experience.  Under his leadership, his regulatory teams have 
received US FDA approvals for a large number of medicines 
across various therapeutic areas.

Madhukar “Madhu” is an experienced company secretary 
who has previously worked with multiple ASX-listed 
companies and is proficient in corporate governance, 
company administration, financial management, and 
corporate law. Madhu also has significant business and 
management experience having previous job titles including 
general manager and corporate administrator. Madhu was 
the managing director of Colortype Press for a period 
of 8 years until 2004. There, he was responsible for the 
overall management of the business, including marketing, 
contracting, procurement and directing over 30 employees.

Director’s Meetings

The number of meetings of Directors held during the year, and the number of meetings attended by each 
director were as follows:

Name

Number of meetings eligible to attend

Number of meetings attended

Troy Valentine

Peter Widdows

Dr Sud Agarwal

Joel Latham

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedBusiness 
activities  
and outlook

Our mission is to create premier ethical pharmaceutical drugs and 
therapies for patients with unmet medical needs, in all instances 
fulfilling regulatory requirements of the Food and Drug Administration 
(“FDA”) and other relevant regulatory agencies (EMA, TGA). 

Incannex Healthcare Limited

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Incannex Healthcare Limited

13

Business activities 
and outlook

Additionally, we seek to secure patents on our drug candidates in conjunction 
with our medical and scientific staff, advisors and the investigators of our 
research studies that constitute our advisory board. Our advisory board is 
comprised of industry and academic experts familiar with our business, and we 
meet with the advisory board regularly. 

The current members of our advisory board are Dr. Sud Agarwal (our Chief Medical Officer and Director),  
Dr. Mark Bleackley (our Chief Scientific Officer), Rosemarie Walsh (our Clinical Research Manager), Dr. Ron Jithoo 
(neurosurgeon and advisor for IHL-216A), and Dr. Paul Liknaitsky (psychedelic principal investigator from Monash 
University). Our advisory board also comprises our collaborative partners, in particular Monash University. Clinical trials 
are being conducted at The Alfred Hospital and the University of Western Australia Centre for Sleep Science with  
Prof Terence O’Brien (Alfred Hospital), Dr Jennifer Walsh (University of Western Australia) as principal investigators.

To achieve our goals, we intend to:

01. Advance

02. Accelerate

03. Develop

04. Maintain IP

05. Approach

06. Opportunity

Advance our novel investigational 
drug candidates towards approval 
in the United States and elsewhere.

Take advantage of accelerated 
commercialisation pathway 
options for our drug candidates.

We are pursuing FDA approval of 
all our drug candidates currently in 
development. All preclinical and clinical 
trials are structured to ensure that each 
program is FDA compliant. We will 
be pursuing a New Drug Application 
(“NDA”) with the FDA with respect to 
each of our drug candidates. If the 
NDA is approved, the product may be 
marketed in the United States. Once 
an NDA for one of our drug candidates 
is approved in the United States, we 
plan to pursue marketing approval of 
our drug candidates in other regions 
including Europe, Japan, Australia 
and Israel.

We and our regulatory consultants 
believe that each of our drug 
candidates will qualify for one 
or more FDA expedited review 
programs (breakthrough designation, 
accelerated approval, priority review 
and/or fast track), as there are limited 
pharmaceutical treatments approved 
in the U.S. for the indications that 
we are targeting with our drug 
candidates, and the pharmaceutical 
treatments that do exist have limited 
efficacy and/or are expensive. These 
expedited review programs often 
result in accelerated and less-costly 
pathways to approval compared with 
traditional regulatory pathways.

Develop future clinical 
products targeting unmet 
medical needs.

We intend to develop 
clinical products that treat 
unmet medical conditions 
or conditions where current 
treatment options are limited. 
As a result, we may have 
opportunities to accelerate 
commercialisation of 
such products.

Maintain a strong intellectual 
property portfolio.

We have developed a global intellectual 
property strategy to support our 
commercial objectives. We are 
monitoring the results of our research 
and development programs to identify 
new intellectual property that aligns 
with those commercial objectives. We 
intend to take a global approach to 
our intellectual property strategy and 
we intend to pursue patent protection 
in key global markets, including the 
United States, Europe, Japan and Israel. 
We have pending patent applications 
relating to our drug candidates IHL-42X, 
IHL-216A and IHL-675A. 

Clinical Approach

Market Opportunity

We are pursuing FDA approval of all our 
drug candidates currently being developed. 
The graphic on page 16 represents 
our clinical development pipeline and 
estimated timelines until the receipt of  
FDA pre-IND advice and the opening of 
INDs for each research program.

The combined annual global 
market size of the indications 
we are targeting is over 
US$110 billion, which is derived 
from the total addressable 
market for the treatment of OSA, 
TBI, concussion, rheumatoid 
arthritis, inflammatory bowel 
disease, inflammatory lung 
conditions (ARDS, COPD, 
Asthma, Bronchitis) and GAD. 
Thus, there is significant 
economic potential to 
shareholders, as well as benefit 
to patients suffering from 
untreated medical conditions.

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedDrug 
Candidates

28 Projects
over which proof of concept has been established in 
either pre-clinical, phase 1 or phase 2 clinical studies

Clinical  
Project

Addressable Market 
Opportunity (in US$)

Stage of 
Development

Regulatory Stage 
of Development

Next  
Steps

Relevant 
Patents

Clinical  
Project

Addressable Market 
Opportunity (in US$)

Stage of 
Development

Regulatory Stage 
of Development

Next  
Steps

Relevant 
Patents

IHL-42X
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

$10.4B (U.S.)

Phase 2A 
completed

FDA Pre-IND 
completed

IHL-675A
Inflammatory Lung Disease

$50.4B (U.S.) by 2022

Pre-clinical 
completed

FDA Pre-IND 
completed

IHL-675A
Rheumatoid Arthritis

$57B (U.S.) by 2022

Pre-clinical 
completed

IHL-675A
Inflammatory Bowel 
Disease

$20B (U.S.) by 2021

Pre-clinical 
completed

IND 
opening 
study

1x Pending 
Deemed 
novel  
& inventive

Phase 1 CT 2x Pending 

Deemed 
novel  
& inventive

Phase 1 CT 2x Pending 

Deemed 
novel  
& inventive

Phase 1 CT 2x Pending 

Deemed 
novel  
& inventive

2x Pending 
Deemed 
novel  
& inventive

IHL-216A
TBI/Concussion

$2.9B in 2019

Pre-clinical 
completed

FDA Pre-IND 
scheduled (Sept. 
2022)

IND 
opening 
study

Psi-GAD
Generalized Anxiety 
Disorder

MedChew™-1401
Pain and Spasticity in 
Multiple Sclerosis

MedChew™ GB
Post-herpatic Neuralgia

8M people (U.S. & AUS) Phase 2A 

ongoing

FDA Pre-IND 
completed

Phase 1

Drafting

$62B (Global) in '21 (a)

Pre-clinical

Pre-IND completed 
in NL and 
Switzerland

Phase 1

Granted

$3.7B (U.S.) by '27 (n)

Pre-clinical

FDA Pre-IND

Phase 1

Granted

MedChew™-1502
Parkinson's Disease

$8.05B (Global) by '27; 
6.5% CAGR (I)

MedChew™-1503
Dementia

$23.9B (Global) by '28; 
7.9% CAGR (m)

MedChew™ RL
Restless Legs Syndrome

12.1.% prevalence of 
U.S. pop. (j)

Pre-clinical

FDA Pre-IND

Phase 1

Granted

Pre-clinical

FDA Pre-IND

Phase 1

Granted

Pre-clinical

FDA Pre-IND

Phase 1

Granted

MedChew™ Dronabinol
Nausea and Vomiting in 
Chemotherapy

$3.1B (Global) by '24 (e)

Phase 1A 
completed

FDA Pre-IND 
completed

Phase 1B

Granted

CheWell
Addiction: Cannabis 
Dependence

CanQuit
Addiction: Tobacco 
Smoking Cessation

CanQuit O
Addiction: Opioid Addiction

APIRx-1601
Skin: Vitiligo

APIRx-1602
Skin: Psoriasis

APIRx 1505 Flotex
Gastro: Chrohn's Disease

CanChew Plus
Gastro: IBS

CanChew RX
Gastro: IBD

SuppoCan (Suppository)
Gastro: IBD

$12.6B (Global) by '24 (k) Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

Phase 1

Drafting

$40B (U.S.) in '21 (d)

Phase 2A 
Completed

Pre-IND, ethical 
approval

Phase 2B

Granted

$2.78B (U.S.) by '28 (r)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

Phase 1

Granted

$2.78B (U.S.) by 28 (r)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

Phase 1

Granted

Oraximax
Gingivitis and Periodontitis

$42B (U.S. and Europe) 
in '21 (a)

Clinical Stage

510(k) pre-market 
submission to FDA

Phase 2

Granted

$64B (U.S.) in '21 (c)

Pre-clinical

Pre-IND ready for 
submission

Phase 1

Drafting

$47.75B (Global) by '24, 
17.3% CAGR (o)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

Phase 1

Granted

$64B (U.S.) in '21 (c)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

Phase 1

Granted

$0.1B (Global) in '21 (b)

$0.5B (Global) in '21 (b)

Phase 2 
completed

Phase 2A 
completed

Phase 2A 
completed

Pre-IND drafting

Phase 1

Pre-IND drafting

Phase 1

Pre-IND drafting

Phase 1

2x Granted,  
1x Pending

2x Granted,  
1x Pending

2x Granted,  
1x Pending

APIRx-1603
Skin: Atopic Dermatitis

$1.1B (Global) in '21 (b)

APIRx-1701
Opth: Glaucoma

$10.4B (Global) by '26, 
6.3% CAGR (g)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

APIRx-1702 
Opth: Dry Eye Syndrome

$6.6B (Global) by '27, 
6.4% CAGR (p)

Pre-clinical

Pre-regulatory

in vitro 
studies

in vitro 
studies

APIRx-1801 
Ultrapure THC

APIRx-1802 
Ultrapure CBD

APIRx-1803 
Ultrapure CBG

$31.5B (Global) by '30; 
18.6% CAGR (q)

Developed

$31.5B (Global) by '30; 
18.6% CAGR (q)

Developed

$31.5B (Global) by '30; 
18.6% CAGR (q)

Developed

Granted

Granted

Granted

Granted

Granted

(a)   Frost & Sullivan Market Report as commissioned by APIRx,  

(d)   Frost & Sullivan Market Report as commissioned by APIRx,  

Sept. 2021

Sept. 2021, market opportunity is Irritable Bowel Syndrome/Disease 

(b)   Frost & Sullivan Market Report as commissioned by APIRx,  

(e)   Heraldkeepers, “Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting 

(k)   Heraldkeepers,”Crohn’s Disease Drugs Market Research Report 
2022: Prospects, Trends Analysis, Market Size and Forecasts to 
2027”, Jan. 2, 2022

(o)   Worldwide Market Reports,”Smoking Cessation and Nicotine  

De-Addiction Products Market”, May 2018

(p   Future Market Insights,”Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment Market”,  

Sept. 2021, market opportunity is medications and other, where 
other includes visits to physicians, in/out patient costs
(c)   Frost & Sullivan Market Report as commissioned by APIRx,  

(CINV) Drugs Market Research Report, History and Forecast  
2022-2027”, Jan. 2, 2022 

(l)   Global Market Insights,”Parkinson’s Disease Therapeutics Market”, 

July 2017

Base Year 2020

(q   Precedence Research “Cannabis Extract Market”, Mar. 2020; 

(g)   ResearchandMarkets, “Outlook on the Glaucoma Therapeutics 

(m)  Accurize Market Research,”Dementia Drugs Treatment Market”, 

includes THC, CBD, CBG and other

Sept. 2021, market opportunity is Adolescent Substance Abuse

Global Market”, 2020-2026”, Oct. 22. 2021

Nov. 27, 2021

(r)  Coherent Market Insights “Inflammatory Bowel Disease Market 

(j)   Straits Research: Home Care Sleep Screening Devices Market

(n)   Comserve,”U.S. Shingles Vaccine Market”, Jan. 4, 2022

Analysis”, Sept. 2021.

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedOur mission

Incannex Healthcare Limited was 
incorporated in Australia in April 2001. 
Incannex listed its ordinary shares on the 
ASX under the symbol “IHL” in November 
2016 and, in the form of American 
Depositary Shares under the symbol 
“IXHL” on Nasdaq in February 2022. 
Since 2019, we have been conducting 
research and development for synthetic 
cannabinoid pharmaceutical products 
and psychedelic medicine therapies for 
treatment of a range of indications. 

Strategy

Our mission is to create premier ethical pharmaceutical 
drugs and therapies for patients with unmet or undermet 
medical needs, in all instances fulfilling regulatory 
requirements of the FDA and other relevant regulatory 
agencies. We aim to be recognized as a leading specialty 
drug development company, committed to restoring 
health and transforming the lives of patients through 
the development of novel pharmaceutical products 
and treatments.

We develop targeted and scientifically validated fixed-dose 
combinations of synthetic cannabinoids and psychedelic 
agents, applying proprietary insights in an effort to create 
long term value for our patients and shareholders. We focus 
on clinical indications that we believe represent unmet or 
inadequately addressed medical needs and also represent 
compelling commercial opportunities. In particular, we are 
developing three unique pharmaceutical compositions to 
target five indications: obstructive sleep apnea (“OSA”), 
traumatic brain injury and concussion (“TBI”), rheumatoid 
arthritis (“RA”), inflammatory bowel disease (“IBD”) and 
inflammatory lung conditions (“ARDS”, “COPD”, Asthma, 
Bronchitis). We are also developing a treatment for 
generalized anxiety disorder (“GAD”) utilising psilocybin 
combined with innovative psychotherapy methods. We are 
pursuing FDA registration and marketing approval for each 
product and therapy under development.

Additionally, we seek to secure patents on our drug 
candidates in conjunction with our medical and scientific 
staff, advisors and the investigators of our research studies 
that constitute our advisory board. Our advisory board 
is comprised of industry and academic experts familiar 
with our business, and we meet with the advisory board 
regularly. The current members of our advisory board are 
Mark Bleakley (our Head of Programs), Rosemarie Walsh 
(our Clinical Research Manager), Terrance O’Brien (principal 
investigator of the IHL-42X from Alfred Hospital), Dr Jennifer 
Walsh (professor at University of Western Australia), 
Ron Jithoo (neurosurgeon and advisor for IHL-216), and 
Paul Liknaitsky (psychedelic principal investigator from 
Monash University). Our advisory board also comprises our 
collaborative partners, and in particular Monash University, 
The Alfred Hospital and the University of Western Australia 
Centre for Sleep Science.

To achieve our goals, we intend to:

•  Advance our novel investigational drug candidates 

towards approval in the United States and elsewhere. 
We are pursuing FDA approval of all our drug 
candidates currently in development. All preclinical 
and clinical trials are structured to ensure that each 
program is FDA compliant. We will be pursuing a 
New Drug Application (“NDA”) with the FDA with 
respect to each of our drug candidates. If the NDA is 
approved, the product may be marketed in the United 
States. Once an NDA for one of our drug candidates 
is approved in the United States, we plan to pursue 
marketing approval of our drug candidates in other 
regions including the European Union, Japan, Australia 
and Israel.

•  Take advantage of accelerated commercialization 
pathway options for our drug candidates. We and 
our regulatory consultants believe that each of our 
drug candidates will qualify for one or more FDA 
expedited review programs (breakthrough designation, 
accelerated approval, priority review and/or fast track), 
as there are a limited amount of pharmaceutical drug 
treatments approved in the U.S. to treat the indications 
that we are targeting with our drug candidates, and 
the pharmaceutical treatments that do exist provide 
limited treatment and are costly. These expedited 
review programs often result in accelerated and less-
costly regulatory pathways to approval compared 
with traditional regulatory pathways. We have not 
yet approached the FDA about the suitability of our 
products for these accelerated approval pathways 
and such designations do not guarantee accelerated 
review by the FDA.

Market Opportunity

The combined annual global market size of the indications 
we are targeting is over US$420 billion, which is derived 
from the total addressable market for the treatment 
of all indications over which we are developing drug 
candidates. The indications being pursued include: OSA, 
TBI, concussions, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel 
disease, inflammatory lung conditions (ARDS, COPD, 
Asthma, Bronchitis), GAD, pain, spasticity, addiction 
disorders, dementia, Parkinson’s Disease, restless leg 
syndrome, gastrointestinal diseases, periodontitis, skin 
conditions and ophthalmic conditions. Thus, there is 
significant economic potential to shareholders, as well as 
benefit to patients suffering from these medical conditions.

•  Develop future drug candidates targeting unmet 
medical needs. We intend to only develop drug 
candidates that treat unmet or undermet medical 
conditions. As a result, we may have opportunities to 
accelerate commercialization of such products.

•  Maintain a strong intellectual property portfolio. 
We have developed a global intellectual property 
strategy to support our commercial objectives. 
We are monitoring the results of our research and 
development programs to identify new intellectual 
property that aligns with those commercial objectives. 
We intend to take a global approach to our intellectual 
property strategy and intend to pursue patent 
protection in key global markets, including the United 
States, Europe, Japan and Israel. We have pending 
patent applications relating to our drug candidates 
IHL-42X, IHL-216A and IHL-675A and we own a 
further 19 granted and 23 pending patents resulting 
from the APIRx acquisition. Our patents approach 
aligns with our regulatory strategy, including the 
proposed submission of Pre-Investigational New Drug 
Application (“pre-IND”) meeting requests to the FDA 
for our clinical programs.

Clinical Approach

We are pursuing FDA approval for all our drug candidates 
currently being developed. We will continue to work with 
FDA to ensure each clinical program is structured to meet 
regulatory requirements. FDA approval will be sought 
following the completion of successful phase 3 studies. 
Once we receive FDA approval for our drug candidates, 
we will be able to commercialize our drug candidates in 
the United States and pursue regulatory approval for the 
drug to be made available in other jurisdictions, including 
the Europe, Japan, Australia and Israel. The graphic below 
represents our clinical development pipelines. 

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-42X  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized 
by a narrowing or obstruction of the 
upper airway during sleep, interfering with 
breathing and interrupting sleep. This 
relatively common and chronic disorder is 
underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. 

It is understood to contribute to a wide range of serious 
long-term outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, 
cognitive impairments such as memory loss, poor 
concentration and judgment, depression and death or 
injury due to traffic accidents resulting from excessive 
daytime sleepiness. The costs associated with OSA are 
substantial, relating to lost productivity, workplace and 
motor vehicle accidents.

A 2019 article published by the Lancet premised on 
literature-based analysis of 17 studies across 16 countries, 
estimated that OSA affects some 936 million adults 
worldwide. This alarming statistic is also thought to be 
increasing due to growing prevalence of obesity and an 
ageing global population. Many people with OSA develop 
high blood pressure (hypertension), which can increase the 
risk of cardiovascular disease. The more severe the OSA, 
the greater the risk of coronary artery disease, heart attack, 
heart failure and stroke.

There are no registered drugs for OSA. Current treatment 
options include: continuous positive airway pressure 
(“CPAP”) in which an external device pneumatically splints 
the airway open to prevent disruptions in breathing; 
oral appliances to advance the mandible or to retain the 
tongue, putting the mouth in a position more conducive 
to breathing; surgery to remove physical obstructions to 
air flow; and implantable electronic stimulators to activate 
muscles at the base of the tongue, opening the airway in 
synchrony with respiration. However, all of these therapies 
are inadequate, expensive, and for implantable stimulators 
and surgery, invasive.

The standard treatment option is the mechanical CPAP 
device, however, we believe patient compliance to CPAP 
devices is low due to discomfort and claustrophobia 
resulting from pressurized air being pumped into the 
patient’s nose and/or mouth during sleep. Despite these 
discomforts, the global annual market for OSA detection 
and treatment using CPAP devices is over US$10 billion 
and growing. The estimated compound annual growth rate 
(“CAGR”) for OSA detection and treatment using CPAP 
devices from 2021 to 2028 is 6.2%.

IHL-42X in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

IHL-42X is a fixed-dose combination of acetazolamide, a 
registered pharmaceutical, and dronabinol, a synthetic form 
of -Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); both agents have 
been shown to reduce the apnea hypopnea index (“AHI”). 
We believe that the activity of dronabinol on cannabinoid 
receptors causes dilation of the airway, and acetazolamide 
induces modest metabolic acidosis, signalling to the body 
that there is excess CO2 in the blood, thus increasing 
respiration. By exploiting two mechanisms that both reduce 
AHI in one pharmaceutical formulation, we believe that IHL-
42X has a therapeutic benefit at doses of each constituent 
drug that are safe and tolerable. 

Phase 2 Clinical Trial for IHL-42X for Obstructive 
Sleep Apnea (“OSA”)

We have completed our proof-of-concept Phase 2 clinical 
trial in Australia to support our IND application with FDA 
and to inform the clinical design of our future pivotal Phase 
2 clinical trial, which will be conducted under the IND to 
assess the safety and efficacy of IHL-42X in patients with 
Obstructive Sleep Apnea. The IND for IHL-42X in treatment 
of OSA has not yet been submitted and although we have 
incorporated multiple facets into this study, including full 
monitoring by a CRO and CDISC data formatting, there is no 
guarantee that the FDA will accept data from the Australian 
trial and further testing may be required prior to opening 
the NDA.

We received approval from The Alfred Hospital Human 
Research Ethics Committee in September 2020 to proceed 
with the trial in Australia. In December 2020, we recruited 
the first patients to the randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled clinical trial that assesses the therapeutic benefit 
of IHL-42X at three different doses. The primary endpoint 
of the trial is the change in AHI relative to baseline and the 
secondary endpoints are change in oxygen desaturation 
index (“ODI”), daytime somnolence measured by the 
Epworth Sleepiness Scale, improvement in mood as 
measured by the POMS (Profile of Moods State), and well-
being as measured by the Short Form 36 and the safety 
of the IHL-42X combination will be established through 
adverse event monitoring.

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-42X

The study was undertaken at the Alfred Hospital in 
Melbourne Australia and the University of Western Australia 
Centre for Sleep Science in Perth. Novotech, a global 
contract research organization, managed and monitored 
the study. In July 2021, a confidential interim analysis of the 
data from the phase 2 double blind randomized placebo-
controlled clinical trial was performed, and these results 
were utilized to support a patent application regarding the 
methods for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. In 
December 2021, we completed the dosing of participants in 
the phase 2 clinical trial. 

In March 2022, we announced the completion of a 
preliminary analysis of the full patient data set from the 
phase 2, proof-of-concept clinical trial. The study assessed 
three doses of IHL-42 at reducing AHI compared to placebo 
in patients who suffered from the disease. Trial participants 
received each of the three doses of IHL-42X, low, medium 
and high, and placebo across four seven-day treatment 
periods, separated by one week washout periods. A total 
of eleven participants were recruited to the study and ten 
participants competed treatment periods. Because the 
trial assessed low, mid and high doses of IHL-42X and the 
placebo in all ten trial participants with one week washout 
periods, the trial data is effectively as useful to us as a 40 
participant trial. 

At baseline, the average AHI was 42.84. For all IHL-42X 
treatment periods (using low, mid, and high doses), the 
average AHI was 23.81, a 44.4 % reduction (p-value 0.0067) 
compared to baseline AHI. During placebo treatment 
periods, the average IHI was 40.08, a 6.4 % reduction 
(p-value 0.75) compared to baseline. In total, 60% of 
participants experienced a reduction in AHI of greater 
than 50% (range: 55.0% to 91.5%) and a resulting AHI of 
less than 20 during at least one treatment period of one 
dose strength of IHL-42X. In addition, 20% of participants 
experienced a reduction in AHI of greater than 80% (range: 
82.7% to 91.5%) relative to baseline during at least one 
treatment period of one dose strength of IHL-42X.

In May 2022, following a pre-IND meeting, the FDA 
confirmed that we do not need to conduct studies in 
animals to have an IND application approved for IHL-42X. 
This decision by the FDA will save Incannex time and cost. 
The FDA provided guidance on our proposed long-term 
development strategy, including specific parameters to 
demonstrate the safety and efficacy in phase 2 and 3 pivotal 
studies, which will ensure that we can generate the data 
we need for a new drug application with FDA, subject to 
ongoing clinical success. 

In June 2022, we announced the full and complete analysis 
of data from the phase 2 proof-of-concept clinical trial 
investigating IHL-42X for treatment of OSA:

•  All doses of IHL-42X reduced AHI in patients with 
sleep apnoea compared to baseline (Table 1). This 
reduction was substantially greater than observed 
for placebo. 

•  At the group level the difference relative to baseline 
with low dose and medium dose was statistically 
significant (p<0.05)

•  When comparing directly to baseline within patients 

the difference in AHI compared to baseline between all 
three doses and placebo was statistically significant 
(p<0.001) (Table 2) 

•  Low dose IHL-42X reduced AHI by >50% relative to 
baseline in 62.5% of patients and by >80% in 25% 
of patients

•  Low dose IHL-42X reduced AHI to the greatest extent 
at both the group level and when comparing the within 
patient reduction relative to baseline

•  Low dose IHL-42X reduced AHI to a greater extent 

than predicted based on published data for dronabinol 
and acetazolamide alone (Table 3) 

The reduction in AHI observed during IHL-42X treatment 
periods means that when treated with our proprietary drug, 
patient’s breathing was interrupted less frequently during 
sleep. This supports our hypothesis that IHL-42X is an 
effective treatment for OSA. Furthermore, greater reduction 
in AHI with low dose IHL-42X compared to dronabinol and 
acetazolamide at equivalent doses supports our hypothesis 
that the two drugs are acting synergistically to produce a 
superior outcome than would be expected from dronabinol 
and acetazolamide as monotherapies. 

With respect to the oxygen desaturation index (‘ODI’), 
the data from the phase 2 proof-of-concept clinical trial 
supported the following:

•  all three doses of IHL-42X reduced ODI compared to 

baseline to a greater extent than placebo.

•  For low and medium dose IHL-42X the difference 

in reduction in ODI relative to baseline compared to 
placebo was statistically significant (p<0.05) 

Table 1. Average AHI data for baseline and each treatment period

Average AHI

Standard deviation

% Reduction relative to baseline

p value compared to baseline

Baseline

Placebo

42.84

20.33

N/A

N/A

40.08

18.16

6.44

0.76

Low

21.13

15.92

50.69

0.029

Medium

22.22

15.52

48.13

0.031

High

27.78

17.61

35.16

0.12

Table 3. Comparison of reduction in AHI relative to baseline with low dose IHL-42X and the predicted reduction with 
component drugs as monotherapies at equivalent doses based on reported data

2.5 mg dronabinol (1)

125 mg acetazolamide (2)

Low dose IHL-42X

Reduction in AHI compared to baseline (%)

23.4

23.4

50.7

Table 2. Change in AHI from baseline within subject (least square mean)

Table 4. Reduction in ODI compared to baseline during each treatment period

Average change in 
AHI from baseline

p-value relative 
to placebo 
(Bonferroni 
adjusted)

Proportion of 
subjects with AHI 
reduction >50% 
relative to baseline 
(%)

Proportion of 
subjects with AHI 
reduction >80% 
relative to baseline 
(%)

Placebo

Low

Medium

High

1.95

17.51

14.86

16.18

N/A

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

10

62.5

33.3

22.2

0

25

11.1

11.1

22

Reduction in ODI relative to 
baseline (least squares mean)

Reduction in ODI relative to 
baseline (%)

p value compared to placebo 
(Bonferroni adjusted)

Placebo

Low

Medium

High

1.8

11.7

12

8.32

18.3

59.7

59.0

28.5

N/A

0.021

0.012

0.162

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-42X

The study also measured the Plasma THC levels in patients’ 
blood. Plasma samples were collected 2 hours post dose 
1 and the morning after dose 7 for each treatment period. 
The morning after dose 7, THC levels in the low dose IHL-
42X samples had an average of 0.20 ng/ml and a maximum 
of 0.45 ng/ml, both of which are below the thresholds for 
impaired driving imposed in countries that have set limits 
for THC. With medium and high dose IHL-42X the average 
THC concentrations the morning after dose 7 were 0.86 and 
0.52 respectively.

During the IHL-42X treatment periods patients more 
frequently reported that their sleep quality was good or 
very good when compared to placebo. The highest level of 
patient reported sleep quality was observed with low and 
high dose IHL-42X (Table 5). 

For the duration of the clinical trial, patients wore an 
Actiwatch, a watch-like device that uses actigraphy to 
capture data on activity and sleep. IHL-42X at all doses 
improved sleep efficiency (the percentage of time in bed 
a patient is asleep), the number of awakenings per night, 
and the total minutes every patient was awake during 
the night (WASO) compared to placebo (Table 6). These 
improvements were greatest for low and high dose IHL-42X. 
This means that while taking IHL-42X, trial participants were 
asleep for a greater proportion of time they were in bed and 
woke up less often.

Adverse events were recorded from the time the patients 
enrolled in the trial until their end of study visit. After 
recording treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE), the 
study team, including investigators and medical monitors, 
reviewed the TEAEs to determine whether they were likely 
related to the investigational product. The TEAEs were 
consistent with what has been reported for dronabinol 
and acetazolamide alone. For each treatment period the 
proportion of patients reporting one or more TEAEs (Table 
7) as well as the total number of TEAEs (Table 8) were 
extracted from the clinical study report. Low dose IHL-42X 
had a similar proportion of patients reporting TEAEs and a 
lower number of total TEAEs than placebo. This indicated 
that low dose IHL-42X is well tolerated and in fact was more 
tolerable to trial participants than placebo. 

Table 5. Patient reported sleep quality during each treatment period

Proportion of subjects reporting good or very good sleep quality

Placebo

Low

Medium

High

Table 6. Sleep metrics captured by actigraphy

Sleep efficiency

average

p value compared to placebo

Awakenings per 
night

average

p value compared to placebo

WASO (min)

average

p value compared to placebo

Placebo

76.83

N/A

49.31

N/A

62.59

NA

26.50%

49.49%

38.47%

50.13%

High

84.17

0.0078

37.33

0.012

38.55

Low

84.81

0.0048

35.8

0.0053

37.55

Medium

81.34

0.058

41.44

0.055

47.22

0.00011

0.0031

0.0010

24

IHL-42X lowered apnoea hypopnea index 
score in OSA sufferers during clinical study.

Table 7. Proportion subjects of TEAEs reported for each treatment period

Total TEAE (%)

Related TEAE (%)

Placebo

81.8

27.3

Low

33.3

22.2

Medium

55.6

44.4

High

66.7

55.6

Table 8. Total number of TEAEs reported during each treatment period

Placebo

Low

Medium

High

Total TEAE

Related TEAE

15

7

6

4

22

16

16

12

25

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-216A for Concussion/Traumatic Brain Injury 
and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

Concussion/Traumatic Brain Injury (‘TBI’) are caused by a rapid acceleration/
deceleration of the brain caused by a direct blow to the head or sudden impact to  
the body that jolts the skull. This causes the brain to compress against the skull.  
The impact of the brain against the skull causes both macro and micro scale 
damage to the brain which sets of a series of physiological events called secondary 
injury cascades. These secondary injury cascades are what cause many of the 
neurocognitive deficits seen in TBI patients.

Falls, vehicle collisions, violence, sports and combat injuries 
are the main activities leading to TBI and concussion. The 
signs and symptoms of a concussion can be subtle and 
may not show up immediately. Symptoms can last for 
days, weeks or even longer. Common symptoms after a 
concussive traumatic brain injury are headache, loss of 
memory (amnesia) and confusion. The amnesia usually 
involves forgetting the event that caused the concussion. 
Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, blurry 
vision and ringing in the ears.

Complications can occur immediately or soon after a 
traumatic brain injury. Severe injuries increase the risk 
of a greater number of and more-severe complications. 
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury can result in 
prolonged or permanent changes in a person’s state of 
consciousness, awareness or responsiveness. Many people 
who have had a significant brain injury will experience 
changes in their cognitive ability, have executive functioning 
problems and or communication, emotional and behavioral 
problems. Some research suggests that repeated or 
severe traumatic brain injuries might increase the risk 
of degenerative brain diseases, but this risk cannot be 
predicted for an individual.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (“CTE”) is the term used 
to describe brain degeneration likely caused by repeated 
head traumas. CTE is a diagnosis made only at autopsy 
by studying sections of the brain. CTE is a rare disorder 
that is not yet well understood. CTE is not related to the 
immediate consequences of a late-life episode of head 
trauma. CTE has a complex relationship with head traumas 
such as persistent post-concussive symptoms and second 
impact syndrome that occur earlier in life.

Experts are still trying to understand how repeated head 
traumas, including how many head injuries and the severity 
of those injuries, and other factors might contribute to the 
changes in the brain that result in CTE.

CTE has been found in the brains of football players, boxers 
and other athletes that play contact sports, along with 
military personnel who were exposed to explosive blasts. 
Some signs and symptoms of CTE are thought to include 
difficulties with thinking (cognition) and emotions, physical 
problems and other behaviors. Symptoms of CTE often 
manifest decades after head trauma occurs.

CTE cannot be made as a diagnosis during life except in 
those rare individuals with high-risk exposures. Researchers 
do not yet know the frequency of CTE in the population and 
do not understand the causes. There is no cure for CTE. 
Researchers are currently developing diagnostic biomarkers 
for CTE, but none have been validated yet.

The total global addressable market for TBI was estimated 
to be US$2.9 billion in 2020 and the anticipated CAGR for 
the market from 2021 to 2028 is 8.3%. There are currently 
no pharmalogical treatments for the secondary neurological 
effects of TBI. 

IHL-216A Formulation development for 
clinical trials

IHL-216A is a fixed dose combination of isoflurane, 
a registered pharmaceutical, and CBD, intended for 
administration in the immediate period after primary 
blunt head injury to prevent development of brain injuries. 
Isoflurane is approved in the United States for induction 
and maintenance of anaesthesia. CBD is approved 
for use in seizure disorders and has shown effects on 

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27

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-216A

neuroinflammatory responses to brain injury. Isoflurane is 
a registered pharmaceutical, and also has demonstrated 
neuroprotective activity (neuroprotective activity, or 
neuroprotection, is defined as reduced neuronal cell death 
or disruption) in animal studies of TBI and is thought to act 
by modulating glutamate release and calcium uptake as well 
as via effects on mitochondrial membrane depolarization 
and excitatory neurotransmission. Thus, we believe that 
IHL-216A may affect neuroexcitation, neuro-inflammation, 
cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption 
resulting in overall neuroprotection. We are also assessing 
its ability to protect the brain against secondary injury 
mechanisms that cause neuronal cell death and raised 
intracranial pressure in the days and weeks following head 
trauma in sports, and all other applicable scenarios resulting 
in head trauma (falls, vehicle collisions, violence, combat, 
among other causes). Reducing secondary brain injury 
may improve positive outcomes for long term neurological 
sequelae, including CTE, a major health risk associated with 
contact sports.

The formulation of IHL-216A presents a unique research 
and development opportunity. We have formulated IHL-
216A as a combined inhalational product with nebulized 
drug delivery that involves using air pressure or ultrasonic 
vibrations to turn a liquid drug solution into an aerosol. 
We engaged Vectura, a UK based contract development 
and manufacturing organization, to develop the nebulised 
CBD formulation and device for delivery of the CBD to 
the isoflurane anaesthetic circuit. Vectura specializes in 
the development of inhaled drugs and has an excellent 
track record of bringing products to market and have 
formulated pharmaceutical drugs for multinational 
pharmaceutical companies including Bayer, Sandoz and 
Novartis. Development of the nebulized formulation was 
an iterative process starting with three steps of refinement 
based on properties of the solution, generated aerosol and 
dose delivery. 

On August 2, 2022, we announced that we have 
engaged Curia Global, Inc. (‘Curia’) to further develop 
and manufacture GMP-grade IHL-216A. Curia, formerly 
AMRI, is a leading contract research, development and 
manufacturing organization providing products and 
services from R&D through commercial manufacturing to 
pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical customers. Curia’s 
3,700 employees at 29 locations across the U.S., Europe 
and Asia help its customers advance from curiosity to cure.

Their engagement represents substantial progress in the 
development of IHL-216A and follows pleasing results 
from extensive proof-of-concept and optimisation studies 
undertaken at Vectura. Curia is engaged to scale-up the fill-
finish manufacture of IHL-216A in compliance with Current 
Good Manufacturing Practice (‘cGMP’). 

Curia will also generate data on the quality and stability of 
IHL-216A to support future regulatory filings, including a FDA 
pre-IND package and subsequent IND application. The first 
cGMP batch manufactured at Curia will be used in a phase 
1 clinical trial, which will commence once feedback on the 
proposed IHL-216A development plan is received from FDA 
in a pre-IND meeting that Incannex is aiming to set with FDA 
in Q3 2022. 

Due to the product’s potential therapeutic utility in contact 
sports, IHL-216A has been developed to satisfy the World 
Anti-doping Authority (“WADA”) specifications for use by 
elite and amateur athletes at risk of TBI and CTE.

Stage 1 pre-clinical study for IHL-216A for 
TBI and CTE

In December 2020, we completed an animal study to 
formally assess the neuroprotective capability of IHL-216A. 
The study introduced rodents to head trauma in a highly 
controlled manner to inflict a reproducible injury. Various 
doses of IHL-216A or its active pharmaceutical ingredients 
were administered to eight cohorts of rodents soon after 
traumatic head injury. Behavioral tests were used to assess 
the neurocognitive and motor function over time. We also 
monitored secondary injury cascades, and performed 
micro-scale cellular analysis post-mortem to discern and 
compare neuronal damage across the cohorts.

As detailed below, we found that the IHL-216A components, 
CBD and isoflurane, act synergistically to reduce indicators 
of neuronal damage, neuroinflammation and behavioral 
deficits that are consequences of TBI, as IHL-216A had 
a greater effect than the predicted effect of CBD and 
isoflurane combined. The predicted result is determined by 
analyzing the results of isoflurane and CBD independently, 
and then based on those results predicting how well the 
drugs would do in combination; to the extent IHL-216A 
exceeds the predicted result, we can conclude that the 
drugs strengthen the effectiveness of one another and 
synergy exists. The study also found that IHL-216A reduced 
neuronal damage, neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits 
in a rodent model of TBI to a greater extent than either CBD 
or isoflurane applied on a standalone basis. These results 
have not been assessed for statistical significance.

Post-mortem analysis of rat brains also detected synergy 
between CBD and isoflurane. Brains were fixed and 
sectioned prior to Nissl staining to identify neuronal 
damage. Nissl staining is a microscopy technique to 
visualise Nissl bodies. Healthy neurons typically have 
more Nissl bodies than damaged ones. Neuronal damage 
is indicated by the ratio of Nissl bodies to neurons across 
different sections of the hippocampus with a lower Nissl/
neuron ratio indicative of increased neuronal damage. 

CA1

A

n
o
r
u
e
N
/
l
s
s
i
N

1.40

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00

CA2

B

n
o
r
u
e
N
/
l
s
s
i
N

1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00

Uninjured Vehicle

 CBD

Isoflurane Predicted
CBD+Iso

IHL-216A

Uninjured Vehicle

 CBD

Isoflurane Predicted
CBD+Iso

IHL-216A

Figure 1. Synergistic activity of CBD and isoflurane (IHL-216A) in neuronal damage as assessed by Nissl staining.

Rodents that had undergone TBI and treated with CBD and/or isoflurane or vehicle were assessed for neuronal damage by post-mortem analysis of fixed 
brain sections by Nissl staining. Nissl staining permits the quantitation of the ratio of Nissl bodies to total neurons, a lower ratio being indicative of increased 
neuronal damage. The Nissl/neuron ratio observed in hippocampal regions (A) CA1 and (B) CA2 contralateral to the site of injury in the group treated with 
IHL-216A was greater than that predicted based on the groups treated with each drug alone, which is indicative of synergy. Values are average of the 
respective treatment group. Group sizes: Uninjured n=6, vehicle n=6, CBD n=6, isoflurane n=5, IHL-216A n=6. Neuroinflammation Marker — Iba1.

Synergy between CBD and isoflurane was detected in 
hippocampal regions cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and cornu 
ammonis 2 (CA2). These regions of the brain are known to 
be important in the formation and storage of memories. In 
the study, the improvement in Nissl/Neuron ratio observed 
for IHL-216A treated animals was increased by 53% for CA1 
and 60% for CA2 relative to CBD alone, 28% for CA1 and 
145% for CA2 relative to isoflurane alone, and by 20% for 
CA1 and 53% for CA2 relative to the predicted effect of CBD 
and isoflurane combined. These results demonstrated that 
less neuronal damage was observed in the rats treated with 
IHL-216A relative to the predicted value.

A post-mortem analysis of the rat brains also determined 
that CBD and isoflurane were synergistic in reducing 
levels of the neuroinflammation marker Iba1 as detected 
using immunofluorescence. Iba1 is a protein expressed 
in microglia, a type of innate immune cell in the brain, 
that is an established marker of microglial activation and 
neuroinflammation. The levels of Iba1 in the brain are 
detected using immunofluorescence, which is a microscopy 
technique that employs antibodies specific to Iba1 which are 
detected using a fluorescent tag. Increased levels of Iba1 
are indicative of increased neuroinflammation. In groups 
treated with IHL-216A, levels of the Iba1 neuroinflammation 
marker were reduced by 35% more relative to CBD alone 
and 123% more relative to isoflurane administered alone. 
IHL-216A also reduced the Iba1 neuroinflammation marker 
by 10% more than the predicted value of the combined CBD 
and isoflurane treatments.

e
v
i
t
a
e
r

l

2

m
m
/
1
a
b

I

n

i

n
o
i
t
c
u
d
e
R

e
l
c
i
h
e
v
o
t

0.90

0.80
0.70
0.60

0.50
0.40
0.30

0.20
0.10

0.00

Uninjured Vehicle

 CBD Isoflurane Predicted
CBD+Iso

IHL-216A

Figure 2. Synergistic activity of CBD and isoflurane (IHL-216A) in 
reducing levels of the neuroinflammatory marker Iba1. 

Rodents that had undergone TBI and treated with CBD and/or 
isoflurane or vehicle were assessed for neuroinflammation through 
immunofluorescence analysis of the neuroinflammatory marker Iba1. Iba1 
levels increase after TBI and a reduction in Iba1 is indicative of a reduction 
in neuroinflammation. Iba1 levels in brain sections ipsilateral to the site of 
injury in the group treated with IHL-216A were reduced more than would 
be predicted based on the reduction observed in groups treated with 
each drug alone, which is indicative of synergy. Values are average of the 
respective treatment group. Group sizes: Uninjured n=6, vehicle n=5, CBD 
n=6, isoflurane n=3, IHL-216A n=5.

28

29

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
IHL-216A

A

d
e
h
c
a
e
r
t
a
h
t
s
t
a
r

f
o

n
o
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P

n
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a
c
o

l

m
r
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f
t
a
p
e
h
t

l

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

B

m
r
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f
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a
p
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l

i

n
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c
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l

s
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c
n
a
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s
n

i

e
v
i
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a
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R

l

1.6

1.4

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

Uninjured Vehicle

 CBD

Isoflurane Predicted
CBD+Iso

IHL-216A

Uninjured Vehicle

 CBD

Isoflurane Predicted
CBD+Iso

IHL-216A

Figure 3. Synergistic activity of CBD and isoflurane (IHL-216A) in the Morris Water Maze assessment. 

Rodents that had undergone TBI and treated with CBD and/or isoflurane or vehicle were assessed for spatial learning and memory using the Morris Water 
Maze. The observed performance with respect to both (A) relative instances of animal in platform location and (B) proportion of animals in that reached the 
platform location was better in the group treated with the CBD isoflurane combination (IHL-216A) than what was predicted based on the performance of 
the groups treated with each drug alone, which is indicative of synergy. Values are average of the respective treatment group. Group sizes: Uninjured n=6, 
vehicle n=6, CBD n=5, isoflurane n=6, IHL-216A n=6.

Table 1. Values used to determine synergy between CBD and isoflurane

Relative 
instances 
in platform 
location

Proportion 
of rats that 
reached the 
platform 
location

Rotarod 
Latency (s)

Nissl/Neuron 
CA1

Nissl/Neuron 
CA2

Reduction in 
Iba1 count/
mm2 relative 
to vehicle

Uninjured

Vehicle

CBD

Isoflurane (ISO)

Predicted CBD+ISO

IHL-216A

EOB

% Outperform CBD

% Outperform ISO

% outperform Pred

1.00

0.50

0.40

0.83

0.80

1.50

0.70

275%

81%

87%

0.67

0.33

0.40

0.50

0.54

0.67

0.13

67%

34%

24%

23.39

17.83

17.60

17.33

17.08

19.33

2.25

10%

12%

13%

1.10

0.72

0.86

1.03

1.10

1.32

0.22

53%

28%

20%

1.18

0.54

0.92

0.60

0.96

1.47

0.51

60%

145%

53%

Calculation definitions for Table 1:
• EOB = IHL-216A – Predicted CBD+ISO
• % Outperform CBD = (IHL-216A/CBD) - 1
• % Outperform ISO = (IHL-216A/ISO) – 1
• % Outperform Pred = (IHL-216A/Predicted CBD+ISO) - 1

0.82

0.00

0.51

0.31

0.63

0.69

0.06

35%

123%

10%

30

Synergy between CBD and isoflurane was detected in the 
behavioral outcomes assessed using the Morris Water 
Maze. In the Morris Water Maze animals are trained to find 
a platform in a pool of water. After a number of training 
sessions, the platform is removed and the mice are 
monitored to determine whether they return to the location 
of the platform, which is a measure of spatial learning and 
memory. The number of animals treated with IHL-216A that 
returned to the location of the platform per group and the 
proportion of rats in the group that returned to the location 
of the platform was greater than that predicted based 
on the effect of CBD and isoflurane by 87 % and 24 % 
respectively. The improved performance of IHL-216A treated 
rats compared to the predicted effect demonstrated the 
synergistic effect of CBD and isoflurane.

Stage 2 pre-clinical study for IHL-216A

We have finalized a second and more-extensive animal 
study on the protective effect of IHL-216A in sports 
concussion with the Monash Trauma Group at the 
Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia.

The Monash Trauma Group consists of a team of leading 
scientists within their respective fields. Their research 
focuses on the effects, underlying pathophysiological 
mechanisms, biomarkers, and treatments of trauma related 
conditions including TBI and concussion as well as other 
types of neurological diseases, including CTE.

The study was coordinated by Dr Stuart McDonald, an 
expert in fluid biomarker development for monitoring TBI, 
Associate Professor Richelle Mychasiuk, an expert in animal 
models of TBI and their clinical relevance, and Associate 
Professor Sandy Shultz, an expert in the pathological 
mechanisms, biomarkers and treatments of TBI and 
related conditions.

The model of TBI used in the study was developed by 
Monash University in collaboration with the US National 
Football League (“NFL”). The results of the study will be 
used as a precursory data set to inform the pivotal clinical 
trials required for drug registration. Assessments in this 
study include neurocognitive performance, levels of blood 
biomarkers associated with traumatic brain injury, and 
postmortem analysis of brain tissue using both MRI and 
immunohistochemistry. 

In May 2022, we announced that the stage 2 study had 
been completed and that IHL-216A was observed to have 
a strong neuroprotective effect in a widely known model of 
sports concussion developed in collaboration with the NFL 
to accurately represent the type of brain injury that occurs 
in sports-related concussion. This study compared six 
groups of twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats When animals 

Figure 4. IHL-216A restores the deficit in Y-maze novel/familiar arm 
discrimination index assessment 24 h post TBI. 

A Y-maze was used to assess spatial memory 24 h after induction of TBI. 
Sham + Vehicle treated animals displayed a clear preference for the novel 
arm. This preference was reduced in TBI + vehicle animals, indicating that 
there is a deficit in novel arm discrimination associated with TBI. 10 Each 
group consisted of 24 rodents.

were tested in a Y-maze task, which assesses spatial 
memory by determining the animal’s ability to discriminate 
between a novel (new) and familiar arm, twenty-four hours 
after injury, animals treated with IHL-216A were found to 
have no difference in discrimination index compared sham 
(uninjured) animals (mean difference= 0.0598, p=0.5855) 
(Figure 4). In contrast, injured animals treated with either 
vehicle or isoflurane alone after injury, the discrimination 
index was significantly reduced compared to sham animals 
(mean diff=0.2704, p=0.0498 and mean diff=0.3095, 
p=0.0245 respectively). The group treated with CBD alone 
had intermediate performance in the Y-maze between sham 
and vehicle treated animals (mean diff.0.1745, p==0.2933). 
These findings indicate that the defect in spatial memory 
observed at 1 day post injury is restored in animals treated 
with IHL-216A.

Following current and previous positive preclinical 
observations, Incannex has commenced preparation of a 
pre-IND meeting package for IHL-216A. The study team is 
targeting a pre-IND meeting with FDA in Q3 2022 to discuss 
our intention to conduct an expedited clinical trial program 
required for a new drug application and marketing approval.

31

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IHL-675A

IHL-675A multi-use anti-inflammatory drug targeting rheumatoid arthritis, 
inflammatory bowel disease and lung inflammation (COPD, asthma, bronchitis, 
and ARDS) 

IHL-675A comprises a combination of hydroxychloroquine, 
a registered pharmaceutical, and CBD. Hydroxychloroquine 
(HCQ) is a disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug that 
regulates the activity of the immune system, which may 
be overactive in some conditions. HCQ can modify the 
underlying disease process, rather than simply treating 
the symptoms. We have demonstrated that IHL-675A 
components, cannabidiol and hydroxychloroquine, act 
synergistically to inhibit production of key inflammatory 
cytokines in an in vitro study and in 4 distinct successful in 
vivo experiments using established models of inflammation. 
We are able to determine whether synergies exist in IHL-
675A studies by comparing the predicted result of CBD and 
HCQ acting together to the actual IHL-675A results. The 
predicted result is determined by analyzing the results of 
HCQ and CBD independently in the study, and then based 
on those results predicting how well the drugs would do 
on a combined basis; to the extent IHL-675A exceeds the 
predicted result, we can conclude that the drugs strengthen 
the effectiveness of one another and synergies exist.

We have evaluated the results of these experiments and 
believe IHL-675A to be a multi-use drug candidate for the 
prevention and treatment of inflammatory lung conditions 
(ARDS, COPD, asthma, and bronchitis), rheumatoid arthritis 
and inflammatory bowel diseases. Potentially, this could 
mean that IHL-675A is a better alternative to CBD based 
products for certain inflammatory diseases, subject to 
further examination.

We have completed a pre-IND meeting with the FDA to 
discuss the regulatory pathway for the development of IHL-
675A for lung inflammation in the United States and plan 
to open INDs for each of the three indications. FDA agreed 
that marketing applications for IHL-675A should be 505(b)
(2) applications due to the existence of certain safety and 
efficacy information on the active ingredients of IHL-675A 

originating from historical studies that we are entitled to use 
in a new drug application. In the context of the IHL-675A 
development program, this means that we do not have to 
perform many of the nonclinical toxicology studies that are 
required for approval of a new chemical entity because 
there is adequate toxicology data for both CBD and HCQ 
available in pre-existing scientific literature or in regulatory 
submissions for the respective reference listed drugs. 
However, we still need to demonstrate IHL-675A is safe and 
effective in the target indications via a series of randomized, 
controlled clinical trials.

In July 2022, we received approval from the Bellberry 
Human Research Ethics Committee (“HREC”) for a phase 
1 clinical trial investigating the proprietary multi-use of 
IHL-675A. The trial will measure the safety, tolerability, 
and pharmacokinetic profiles of IHL-675A compared to 
the reference listed drugs, Epidiolex (CBD) and Plaquenil 
(HCQ). Three cohorts of 12 participants (n = 36) will receive 
either IHL-675A, CBD or HCQ and the assessments will 
be identical across the three arms of the trial. Patient 
recruitment is anticipated to commence in August 2022. 
Subject to clinical success, the results of the phase 1 
clinical trial will form part of three IND applications with the 
FDA for each of the initial three indications the Company is 
pursuing for IHL-675A. These indications are rheumatoid 
arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and lung inflammation, 
representing major markets for Incannex to pursue with 
IHL-675A. Once the IND applications are evaluated and 
approved, we intend to conduct clinical trials partly or 
wholly in the United States. 

32

33

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-675A

Lung Inflammation (COPD, Asthma, ARDS 
and Bronchitis)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“COPD”) is a 
chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed 
airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing 
difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and 
wheezing. It is typically caused by long-term exposure 
to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from 
cigarette smoke. People with COPD are at increased risk 
of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of 
other conditions.

Asthma is a condition in which inflammation causes the 
airways to narrow and swell and which may cause the 
patient to produce extra mucus. This can make breathing 
difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling sound (wheezing) 
during breathing and shortness of breath. For some people, 
asthma is a minor nuisance. For others, it can be a major 
problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to 
a life-threatening asthma attack. According to Allied Market 
Research, the Global COPD and asthma drug market is 
expected to reach US$50.4 billion by 2022, growing at a 
CAGR of 3.7% from 2016 to 2022.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (“ARDS”) occurs when 
fluid builds up in the air sacs (alveoli) located in the lungs. 
The fluid prevents oxygen from reaching the bloodstream. 
This deprives organs of the oxygen they need to function. 
ARDS typically occurs in people who are already critically ill 
or who have significant injuries. Severe shortness of breath 
(the main symptom of ARDS) usually develops within a few 
hours to a few days after the primary injury or infection. 
It is the one of the main causes of death resulting from 
COVID-19 and many people who develop ARDS do not 
survive. The risk of death increases with age and severity of 
illness. People who survive ARDS may experience lasting 
damage to their lungs.

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial 
tubes of the lungs. Bronchitis may be either acute or 
chronic. While acute bronchitis is common, chronic 
bronchitis, a more serious condition, is a constant irritation 
or inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (“IBD”) is an umbrella term 
used to describe disorders that involve chronic inflammation 
of the digestive tract. Significant types of IBD include:

•  Ulcerative colitis. This condition involves inflammation 
and sores (ulcers) along the superficial lining of the 
large intestine (colon) and rectum.

•  Crohn’s disease. This type of IBD is characterized 
by inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract, 
which often can involve the deeper layers of the 
digestive tract.

Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are usually 
characterized by diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal 
pain, fatigue and weight loss. IBD can be debilitating and 
sometimes leads to life-threatening complications.

The precise cause of inflammatory bowel disease remains 
unknown. Previously, diet and stress were suspected. 
However, currently medical practitioners acknowledge that 
these factors may aggravate, but are not the cause, of IBD. 
One possible cause is an immune system malfunction. 
When the immune system attempts to defeat an invading 
virus or bacterium, an abnormal immune response can 
cause the immune system to attack the cells in the 
digestive tract. The total global addressable market for IBD 
is estimated at US$20 billion in 2021 and the IBD global 
market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% from 
2021 to 2028. 

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder 
that can affect joints, skin, eyes, lungs, heart and blood 
vessels. As an autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis is 
caused by attacks to body tissues by one’s immune system. 
Unlike the wear-and-tear damage caused by osteoarthritis, 
rheumatoid arthritis causes a painful swelling that can 
eventually result in bone erosion and joint deformity. The 
total global addressable market for the pharmaceutical 
treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is estimated at 
US$57 billion.

HCQ is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis 
in the form of hydroxychloroquine sulphate and 
marketed as Plaquenil. HCQ has risks of ocular toxicity 
and cardiac effects including cardiomyopathy and QT 
prolongation amongst long term users, as listed in the 
prescribing material.

Similarly, long term use of HCQ in rheumatoid arthritis 
patients was associated with increased cardiovascular 
mortality. Therefore, there is a medical benefit to reducing 
the dose of HCQ in these arthritis patients. To understand 
the capacity for the combination of CBD with HCQ to permit 
reduction of the HCQ dose, in an animal study, low dose 
IHL-675A (1 mg/kg CBD + 2.5 mg/kg HCQ) was compared 
to a standard dose of HCQ (25 mg/kg HCQ). The 25 mg/
kg HCQ dose in rats is equivalent to a 243 mg HCQ dose in 
a 60 kg human based on the FDA body surface area dose 
equivalence of 6/37.

In a rheumatoid arthritis animal disease model study, low 
dose IHL-675A reduced disease severity scores across 
multiple assessments including clinical score, paw volume, 
pannus score, total histology score and serum cytokine 
levels to a greater extent than the equivalent of a standard 
dose of HCQ. The reduction in disease severity scores in 
animals treated with low dose IHL-675A was 1.06-3.52 times 
that observed in animals treated with HCQ alone at the 
standard dose equivalent.

This indicates that the combination of CBD and HCQ in IHL-
675A has the potential to permit a ten-fold reduction in HCQ 
dose, when combined with CBD, without sacrificing efficacy 
in treatment of arthritis.

We have broadened claims within initial patent 
filings to cover rheumatoid arthritis as an indication. 
We are continuously monitoring the results of our 
research and development program, with a view to 
identifying and protecting new IP that aligns with our 
commercial objectives.

Preclinical in vitro study of IHL-675A against 
inflammation

On November 5, 2020, we released the results of  
our first in vitro study to investigate the synergistic  
activity of IHL-675A to inhibit inflammation. To test the  
anti-inflammatory potential of IHL-675A, human 
peripheralblood mononuclear cells (“PBMCs”) were 
stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (“LPS”). 
PBMCs were incubated with a range of concentrations of 
CBD and HCQ in combination or each drug alone and then 
stimulated with LPS to induce an inflammatory response. 
The inflammatory response was assessed by measuring 
cytokine levels in the culture medium after 24 hours.  
A reduction in cytokine levels in response to drug treatment 
is indicative of anti-inflammatory activity.

Cytokine levels were averaged across three replicates from 
two donors and normalized to maximum values to yield a 
relative inhibition value. A relative inhibition of 1 is complete 
inhibition of cytokine release whereas a value of 0 is no 
inhibition of cytokine release. Anti-inflammatory synergy 
was determined using the standard scientific “Excess over 
Bliss” (“EOB”) method where the predicted inhibition, as 
calculated using the formula Epred A+B=(EA+EB)–(EAEB), is 
subtracted from the observed inhibition to yield an EOB 
score. An EOB score of greater than zero indicates that the 
combination is synergistic. None of the below data has been 
analysed for statistical significance.

The study demonstrated that CBD and HCQ act 
synergistically to inhibit production of the assessed 
inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1aα, and  
MIP-1α by PBMCs from the donors. The average EOB 
scores ranged from 0.32-0.57. The reduction in levels 
of the five cytokines (relative to vehicle treated PBMCs) 
observed in PBMCs treated with IHL-675A was 436% to 
1320% greater relative to those treated with HCQ alone, 
109% to 767% greater relative to those treated with CBD 
alone and 87% to 767% greater relative to the predicted 
combinatorial effect of CBD and HCQ. The results in Figures 
A, B, C, D and E presented below, display the optimal fixed 
dose IHL-675A combination assessed for each cytokine. 
The bars noted as Predicted CBD+HCQ represent what 
our expectation was based on the activity of each drug 
individually. The observed inhibition of cytokine release 
upon treatment with the CBD HCQ combination was greater 
than predicted based on the activity of each drug alone for 
each cytokine analyzed.

34

35

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIHL-675A

A

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0.9
0.8
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0.6
0.5
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IL-1β

B

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⍺

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0.5
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0.3
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0.1
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CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

C

IL-6

D

MIP-1

⍺

1.0
0.9
0.8
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0.6
0.5
0.4
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HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

TNF-

⍺

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

Figure 5. Inhibition of LPS-induced cytokine release from human 
PBMCs by CBD and HCQ. 

Data is presented is the average relative inhibition for the PBMC donors. 
Predicted inhibition by CBD+HCQ was calculated using the formula  
Epred A+B=(EA+EB)-(EAEB). Observed CBD+HCQ is the level of inhibition 
observed in the experiment. (A) IL-1b, (B) IL-1a, (C) IL-6, (D) MIP-1a, and  
(E) TNF-a. Error bars are standard error of the mean of the donors.

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0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0

Preclinical in vivo study of IHL-675A against 
inflammation

In November of 2020, we announced the results of an in vivo 
study assessing IHL-675A in a mouse model of sepsis. To 
determine whether CBD and HCQ synergize in vivo, mice 
from 11 groups of 10 mice, weighing 18-20g were injected 
with CBD and HCQ both alone and in combination. After 
one hour, the mice were injected with LPS to induce an 
inflammatory response. Each mouse in every cohort was 
assessed for each of the 5 inflammatory cytokines. Two 
hours after LPS injection, blood was collected from the mice 
by cardiac puncture. Sera were processed and analyzed for 
cytokine levels using a Luminex based assay. For synergy 
analysis, data was baseline subtracted using sham treated 
(no LPS injection) cytokine levels and then the values for 
each cytokine were normalized relative to maximum values 
across the groups. The normalized values were used 
to calculate the relative inhibition where a value of 1 is 
complete inhibition and a value of 0 is no inhibition.  
Synergy was calculated using the EOB method, or the 
difference between the observed and predicted inhibition 
between the combination of drug concentrations where the 
predicted inhibition is determined using the equation  
Epred A+B=(EA+EB)–(EAEB). An EOB score of greater than 0 is 
indicative of synergy.

The results of the in vivo study are presented in Figure 
6, showing the optimal fixed dose IHL-675A combination 
assessed for each cytokine in 11 groups of 10 mice. The 
bars noted as ‘Predicted CBD + HCQ’ represent IHL’s 
expectation based on the activity of each drug alone. The 
observed results from the study significantly exceeded 
the predicted results across the inflammatory cytokines 
analyzed. CBD and HCQ synergize to inhibit the production 
of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL12(p70), 
and IFN-γ in a mouse model of LPS induced sepsis. The 
average EOB scores ranged from 0.15-0.30. Levels of the 
five inflammatory cytokines were reduced compared to 
animals treated with vehicle to a greater extent in animals 
treated with IHL-675A than in those treated with CBD 
alone. Reduction in cytokine levels compared to vehicle 
treated group in the group treated with IHL-675A was 26% 
to 81% greater relative to the predicted effect of the CBD 
HCQ combination across the five analyzed cytokines after 
2 hours.

Preclinical in vivo study of IHL-675A against 
Pulmonary Inflammation (ARDS, COPD, Asthma 
and Bronchitis)

In February 2021, we announced the results of an in vivo 
study assessing IHL-675A anti-inflammatory capabilities 
regarding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 
asthma, bronchitis, and other inflammatory respiratory 
conditions. We also assessed the anti-inflammatory effect 
of our proprietary IHL-675A formulation on Pulmonary 
Neutrophilia, which is a primary underlying cause of COPD, 
asthma, bronchitis, and other inflammatory respiratory 
conditions. We reported encouraging results, as discussed 
below, which facilitate a substantial expansion of the 
potential uses for IHL-675A and represent new patient 
treatment opportunities.

A rodent model of pulmonary inflammation was used to 
assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy of IHL-675A in lungs. 
In this study, ten groups of six mice each were pre-treated 
with either CBD, HCQ or IHL-675A prior to intratracheal 
administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (“LPS”), which 
was then inhaled and acts as an inflammatory stimulus in 
the lungs. A sham group where LPS was not administered 
to the mice was also included as a control. The lungs 
were flushed with a saline solution 24 hours after LPS 
administration and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (‘BALF’) 
was analyzed for cytokine levels using a Luminex based 
assay. Cytokines are proteins that mediate the inflammatory 
response and a reduction in cytokine levels is indicative of 
reduced inflammation. A white blood cell (‘WBC’) count was 
also performed on the BALF. When inflammation occurs in 
the lungs, WBCs are recruited as part of the inflammatory 
response. A reduction in WBC count is also indicative of 
reduced inflammation.

Cytokine levels were normalized to those detected in vehicle 
treated mice and then the relative inhibition was calculated. 
IHL-675A reduced levels of all assessed inflammatory 
cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL1 and MCP-1 to a greater 
extent than either CBD or HCQ alone. WBC counts were 
normalized using the same method used for cytokines and 
IHL-675A reduced WBC counts to a greater extent than 
CBD or HCQ alone. These results indicate that IHL-675A 
has superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to CBD 
and HCQ in a mouse pulmonary inflammation model. Based 
on these results IHL-675A will be assessed for efficacy in 
the treatment of pulmonary inflammation in humans. These 
results have not been analysed for statistical significance.

36

37

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
IHL-675A

IL-1β

IL-6

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HCQ

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IHL-675A

TNF-α

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0.4

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0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

IL-12(p70)

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

IFN-γ

E

)

%

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0.2
0.1
0.0

0.8
0.7
0.6

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40.0

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WBC

35.0

30.0

25.0

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10.0

5.0

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35.0

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15.0

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0.0

CBD

HCQ

Predicted
CBD+HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Figure 6. Synergistic anti-inflammatory activity of CBD and HCQ in a mouse sepsis model.

The anti-inflammatory activity of the combination of CBD and HCQ was greater than that predicted using the Excess over Bliss method. The CBD+HCQ 
combination was synergistic at inhibiting release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL12(p70), and IFN-γ.

Figure 7. Reduction in cytokine levels and white blood cell count in BALF resulting from treatment with by IHL-675A, CBD or HCQ in a mouse 
model of pulmonary inflammation. 

Mice were treated with CBD, HCQ or a combination of CBD and HCQ (IHL-675A) and then LPS was administered intratracheally. Twenty-four hours after 
LPS administration bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for cytokine levels and white blood cell count. The reduction in cytokine levels by 
IHL-675A was greater than that for either drug alone. Drug concentrations were 1 mg/kg CBD and 25 mg/kg HCQ for (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) MCP1 and (E) 
TNF-α, 10 mg/kg CBD and 2.5 mg/kg HCQ for CXCL-1 and WBC (white blood cell count).

38

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IHL-675A

Preclinical study of IHL-675A in a model of 
Rheumatoid Arthritis

In March 2021, we announced the results of an in vivo 
study assessing IHL-675A’s anti-inflammatory capabilities 
in a rheumatoid arthritis model. Results indicate that 
a low dose of IHL-675A was 1.06 to 3.52 times more 
effective at reducing disease severity scores across 
multiple assessments including clinical score, paw volume, 
pannus score, total histology score and serum cytokine 
levels compared to a standard dose of HCQ only. HCQ is 
approved and widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid 
arthritis in the form of hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which is 
marketed as Plaquenil.

In this model of rheumatoid arthritis, female Lewis rats 
were challenged with porcine type-II collagen with Freund’s 
adjuvant on Day 1 (0.2 mg/0.2 mL/rat) by subcutaneous 
injection at the base of the tail to induce arthritis. A booster 
injection at 0.1 mg/0.1 mL/rat was injected on day 7. On day 
16, rats were allocated into groups of six. There were ten 
groups of modelled rats and one sham injected group. CBD, 
HCQ or IHL-675A were injected intraperitoneally once per 
day from day 17 to 30 (total of 14 days). Drug doses were 1 
and 10 mg/kg CBD and 2.5 and 25 mg/kg HCQ. The 10 mg/
kg CBD and 25 mg/kg HCQ doses were selected as they are 
representative of standard doses in humans based on the 
FDA body surface area dose equivalence estimation for rats 
to humans of 6/37. For a 60 kg person, the 10 mg/kg CBD 
dose in rats is equivalent to 97 mg and the 25 mg/kg HCQ 
dose in rats is equivalent to 243 mg. The maintenance dose 
range recommended for rheumatoid arthritis in the Plaquenil 
prescribing information is 200-400 mg daily.

Disease severity was assessed by measuring hind paw 
volume with a plethysmometer and using a qualitative 
severity score system on days 1, 7 ,10, 14, 16, 18, 20, 
22, 24, 26, 28 and 30. Post termination on day 30, blood 
was collected from all rats and analyzed for levels of the 
inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 using commercially 
available ELISA kits. These two cytokines were selected 
as they are known to be involved in the pathophysiology 
of rheumatoid arthritis. Both hind paws were harvested, 
weighed and formalin-fixed for histopathology. 
Histopathological evaluation consisted of an evaluation of 
cartilage and bone destruction by pannus formation (an 
abnormal layer of fibrovascular or granulated tissue) and 
mononuclear cell infiltration in synovial joint tissues. A total 
histology score, which is a sum of the pannus formation and 
mononuclear cell infiltration scores, was also calculated. For 
all assessments, the score was sham subtracted and then 
the reduction relative to the vehicle group was calculated.

In the rat model of arthritis, IHL-675A treated animals had 
a greater reduction (relative to vehicle treated animals) in 
clinical score and paw volume at days 24 and 30, pannus 
formation, total histology score, IL-1β and IL-6 than animals 
treated with HCQ alone or CBD alone (at equivalent 
doses). The reduction in disease assessments by IHL-675A 
was 1.07-8.72 times that observed for HCQ alone at an 
equivalent dose, which indicates that IHL-675A has a benefit 
in a rat model of arthritis greater than that of HCQ alone and 
demonstrates that IHL-675A has potential as a treatment for 
rheumatoid arthritis in humans.

Paw Volume Day 24

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Total Histology Score

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

IL-6

Clinical Score Day 24

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Pannus Score

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

IL-1β

A

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CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Figure 8. Comparison of IHL-675A to its component drugs CBD and HCQ in reduction of disease assessments in a rat model of rheumatoid 
arthritis. 

Groups of rats that had undergone collagen-induced arthritis modelling were treated with IHL-675A, CBD or HCQ at equivalent doses (1 mg/kg CBD, 2.5 
mg/kg HCQ). The reduction in arthritis disease severity in IHL-675A treated rats was greater than for either CBD or HCQ treated rats with respect to (A) 
clinical score at day 24, (B) paw volume at day 24, (C) pannus formation, (D) total histology score, (E) serum IL-1b levels and (F) serum IL-6 levels.

40

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IHL-675A

Preclinical studies of IHL-675A in models of 
inflammatory bowel disease

In February 2021, we announced the results of an in vivo 
study assessing IHL-675A’s anti-inflammatory capabilities 
regarding inflammatory bowel disease. IHL-675A 
demonstrated a reduction in the Colitis index of 46%, while 
CBD only and HCQ only treatment achieved a reduction of 
25% and 27% respectively, demonstrating that IHL-675A 
has superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to CBD 
only and HCQ only, which indicates that IHL-675A has the 
potential to be a treatment for inflammatory bowel disease 
in humans.

This study used eleven groups of six mice. Mice were 
treated with IHL-675A, CBD or HCQ for four consecutive 
days after administration of TNBS/ethanol to induce 
ulcerative colitis. A vehicle treated group and sham group 
were included in the study. Stool consistency was monitored 
over the course of the experiment. On Day 5 mice were 
sacrificed, blood collected for cytokine analysis and the 
colon removed for analysis.

Endpoint measurements include stool consistency score 
(an ordinal scale that measures stool consistency with a 
higher number indicative of looser stools) , colon weight, 
colon macroscopic damage score (an ordinal scale that 
combines adhesions, strictures, ulcers/inflammations and 
instances of wall thickening), colitis index (a composite 
scale from the histological examination of colon sections) 
and myeloperoxidase (an enzyme abundantly expressed 
in neutrophil granulocytes that contributes to inflammatory 
damage in IBD) levels in the colon tissue at day 5. The 
results from each of these endpoints were sham subtracted 
and the relative reduction was calculated. The data was not 
analysed for statistical significance.

Animals treated with IHL-675A displayed a greater 
reduction (relative to vehicle treated animals) in colitis index, 
macroscopic damage score, stool consistency score, colon 
to body weight ratio and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels than 
animals treated with either CBD or HCQ alone. These results 
indicate that IHL-675A has a benefit in a mouse model of 
ulcerative colitis greater than that of CBD or HCQ alone, 
which indicates that IHL-675A is a potential treatment for 
inflammatory bowel disease in humans.

A

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CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Stool consistency score

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

MPO

CBD

HCQ

IHL-675A

Relative colon weight

D

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HCQ

IHL-675A

Figure 9. Reduction in colitis score assessments by CBD and HCQ 
(IHL-675A) in a mouse model of colitis. 

Colitis was induced in mice by intracolonic installation of TNBS/ethanol 
and then treated with CBD, HCQ or CBD and HCQ (IHL-675A). After 
4 days, mice were sacrifice and the colons extracted for macro and 
microscopic analysis. The reduction in colitis severity was greater in mice 
treated with IHL-675A than for either CBD or HCQ alone for (A) colitis 
index, (B) macroscopic damage score, (C) relative colon weight, (D) stool 
consistency and (E) MPO levels. Drug dose in all assessments was 1 mg/
kg CBD and 2.5 mg/kg HCQ.

42

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Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The other component of this study is monitoring the 
pharmacokinetics of the two active pharmaceutical 
ingredients (“API”) of IHL-675A, CBD and HCQ, and 
comparing them to their respective reference listed 
drugs Epidiolex and Plaquenil. Study participants will be 
dosed with either IHL-675A, Epidiolex or Plaquenil with 
equivalent amounts of the respective API. Blood samples 
will be drawn at predetermined intervals over a 72-hour 
period and analyzed for levels of CBD and HCQ as well as 
their major metabolites. For each molecule the maximum 
concentration (“Cmax”), time to maximum concentration 
(“Tmax ”) and total exposure (“AUC”) will be determined. 
The pharmacokinetic parameters for IHL-675A, Epidolex 
and Plaquenil will be compared to determine whether the 
APIs in IHL-675A are bioequivalent to the reference listed 
drugs. Bioequivalence is an important component of the 
FDA 505(b)2 approval pathway that IHL is targeting with 
IHL-675A.

Results from this study, which has received clearance from 
the Bellberry human research ethics committee to proceed, 
will form a component of future regulatory applications for 
IHL-675A and will also inform the design of Phase 2 efficacy 
and safety studies across indications.

IHL-675A

Planned phase 1 clinical trial for IHL-675A

We have designed a Phase 1 clinical trial in Australia to 
assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of IHL-675A in 
healthy volunteers, the results of which will form part of 
our FDA IND submissions across the indications of lung 
inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel 
disease. The aims of this study are to demonstrate that there 
are no, or minimal, additional risks/side effects associated 
with the combination of CBD and HCQ compared to 
each drug alone and that the uptake and metabolism 
(pharmacokinetics) of the two drugs do not interfere with 
one another. A total of 36 subjects will participate in the 
trial, evenly divided across three arms. The three arms of 
12 subjects each will receive one of IHL-675A, Epidiolex 
(CBD), or Plaquenil (HCQ). The safety and pharmacokinetic 
assessments will be identical across the three arms.

CBD and HCQ both have both been used historically 
as treatments for our targeted indications when used 
independently. However, as with any pharmaceuticals 
there are risks involved. Part of the strategy in the design 
of IHL-675A is that the combination of CBD with HCQ 
permits a reduction in HCQ, which reduces the known 
risks associated with cumulative HCQ dose, without 
sacrificing efficacy. Results from the preclinical studies 
we have conducted to-date have led to the hypothesis 
that a lower cumulative dose of HCQ, when combined 
with CBD, will also reduce disease severity scores in IHL-
675A’s target indications in humans. Nonetheless, there is 
always potential for two drugs to interact and exacerbate 
minor concerns that exist when used alone or lead to new 
safety concerns. Demonstrating that a combination drug 
containing CBD and HCQ has a similar safety profile to the 
component drugs is an important step in the development 
program and is a requirement set out by regulatory 
agencies. This clinical trial will be performed in a Phase 1 
unit with around the clock monitoring in the event that an 
adverse event needs to be managed. Safety assessments 
will include cardiac monitoring via ECG and blood 
biomarkers, serum liver enzyme levels, blood cell counts 
and biochemistry, monitoring of vital signs and mental 
health questionnaires. Due to the substantial evidence of 
synergy between HCQ and CBD required to produce a 
superior outcome on inflammatory markers, dosages of 
HCQ and CBD may be significantly lower than for treatment 
with the individual drugs and this will be further evaluated 
in clinical trials.

44

45

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedPsilocybin-assisted Psychotherapy for  
General Anxiety Disorder (Psi-GAD)

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (‘GAD’) is characterized by 
diffuse, excessive, uncontrollable anxiety that frequently 
occurs and is not restricted to any particular environmental 
circumstances. Symptoms are variable, including feelings of 
persistent and excessive worry, nervousness, restlessness, 
difficulty in concentrating fatigue, irregular sleeping 
patterns, muscle tension, irritability, and nausea.

Generalized anxiety disorder is a relatively common and 
serious psychiatric condition affecting around 4-6% of 
the population during their lifetime. GAD can severely 
affect quality of life and professional career prospects. An 
estimated 8 million people in Australia and the United States 
have moderate to severe GAD at any point in time, of which, 
1 million people reside in Australia and 7 million people 
reside in the United States.

Existing treatments

International guidelines for GAD treatment recommend 
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (“SSRIs”), serotonin 
and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (“SNRIs”), and 
pregabalin as first-line options, with benzodiazepines 
such as diazepam as second-line options. GAD is also 
treated with psychotherapy alone or in combination with 
pharmacotherapies. However, these treatments show limited 
efficacy, with less than half of patients achieving remission 
following these treatments and substantial treatment side-
effects and cost. In particular, the side effects associated 
with long term use of these pharmacotherapies include 
emotional numbness, reduced positivity, weight gain, sexual 
disfunctions, and suicidal thoughts. Due to the limitations 
of existing treatments, we believe there is significant unmet 
need for new therapies to improve quality of life outcomes 
for patient diagnosed with GAD.

Psilocybin as a treatment for generalized 
anxiety disorder

Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may provide 
rapid, significant, and lasting benefit in treating unipolar 
depression, depression and anxiety symptoms associated 
with a terminal illness, and substance misuse. Psilocybin 
is a psychoactive molecule that occurs naturally in 
several genera of mushrooms, which primarily acts on the 
serotonin receptor system, and can modulate states of 
consciousness, cognition, perception, and mood.

When combined with specialized forms of 
psychotherapeutic support, psilocybin does not lead to 
clinically significant adverse events and can reduce scores 
on mental health severity assessments. Through the 1950s 
and 1960s, tens of thousands of individuals participated 
in psychedelic research. While methodologically limited by 
modern standards, the findings from many of these studies 
showed substantial improvements in anxiety, depression 
and addiction levels, and quality of life.

Following decades of socio-political obstruction to 
psychedelic treatments, an increasing number of clinical 
psychedelic trials are now being conducted at highly 
esteemed institutions around the world, including Imperial 
College London, John Hopkins University, University of 
California, and now Monash University, Melbourne, in 
partnership with us.

Over the past decade, the therapeutic potential of psilocybin 
in anxiety, depression and addiction has been demonstrated 
in various academic-sponsored studies. In these studies, 
psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, provided a rapid 
reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms on the day of 
administration with generally maintained treatment effects 
at follow-up assessments many months later. These studies 
have shown psilocybin to be generally well-tolerated, with 
low toxicity and no serious adverse events reported.

Incannex Healthcare Limited

46

47

Incannex Healthcare LimitedPsi-GAD

We believe that the following four studies detailed below 
support psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating anxiety 
using treatment dosages up to 30mg/70kg:

Our investigational psilocybin therapy for 
Generalized Anxiety Disorder

•  New York University, Ross et al 2016 (n=29): Rapid 
and sustained symptom reduction following 
psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression 
in patients with life-threatening cancer: a 
randomized controlled trial. Psilocybin produced 
immediate, substantial, and sustained improvements 
in anxiety and depression, as well as decreases in 
cancer-related demoralization and hopelessness, 
improved spiritual wellbeing, and increased quality 
of life.

•  Imperial College London, Carhart-Harris et al 2018 
(n=20): Psilocybin with psychological support  
for treatment-resistant depression: six-month 
follow-up. Good tolerability, effect sizes large and 
symptom improvements appeared rapidly after just 
two psilocybin treatment sessions and remained 
significant six months post-treatment in a treatment-
resistant cohort.

•  University of California, Los Angeles, Grob et al 2011 
(n=12): Pilot study of psilocybin treatment for 
anxiety in patients with advanced-stage cancer. 
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory trait anxiety subscale 
demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety at 
one and three months after treatment. There were no 
clinically significant adverse events with psilocybin.

•  John Hopkins University, Griffiths et al 2017 (n=51): 
Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained 
decreases in depression and anxiety in patients 
with life-threatening cancer: a randomized 
double-blind trial. Large and significant decreases in 
clinician-rated and self-rated measures of depression, 
anxiety or mood disturbance, and increase measures 
of quality of life, life meaning, death acceptance, 
and optimism. 

Two psilocybin research programs for depression have 
received breakthrough designation from the FDA. A 
small number of other psilocybin treatment development 
programs are underway globally. Should the results from 
any of these research programs be positive, approval 
of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a prescription 
treatment could occur within the next five years.

Our psilocybin therapy combines psilocybin with 
psychological therapy that has been specifically designed 
for patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder 
by a multidisciplinary team of experts lead by Principal 
Investigator Dr Paul Liknaitzky, along with Co-Investigators 
Professor Suresh Sundram and Professor Murat Yucel. 
The wider research team includes experts in psychedelic-
assisted therapies, psychometric evaluation, qualitative 
research, therapist training, and risk management. We are 
in the process of coordinating two clinical trials as part of 
our clinical development program. On October 28, 2021, 
we conducted a pre-IND meeting with the FDA on the 
psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for GAD program, which 
was ultimately aimed at FDA approval of our psilocybin 
therapy administered to patients with GAD.

Phase 2 exploratory clinical trial

Our Phase 2 Australian exploratory clinical trial was 
approved by the human research ethics committee (’HREC’) 
in late 2021 and this approval from an independent board 
of examiners permitted us to recruit trial participants 
in Australia. Participant screening and recruitment 
commenced in February 2022 and the first participants to 
the trial commenced treatment in March 2022.

The study is a Phase 2 randomized triple-blind active-
placebo-controlled trial to assess the safety and efficacy 
of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for GAD. Participants 
experience two psilocybin or active-placebo dosing 
sessions and up to 11 non-drug, specialist psychotherapy 
sessions over a period of 10 weeks. Primary outcomes are 
safety, efficacy and tolerability, and secondary outcomes 
are quality of life, functional impairment, and comorbidities. 
Safety is assessed by monitoring adverse events including 
but not limited to liver function tests and scores on the 
Ultra Brief Checklist of Suicidality. Efficacy is assessed by 
comparing the change in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale 
from baseline between the placebo and treatment group. 
Tolerability is assessed by comparing the proportion of 
participants who complete both dosing sessions in the 
placebo and treatment groups. Secondary endpoints will be 
assessed by monitoring disability, comorbidity, productivity 
and quality of life using patient reported outcome measures.

A preliminary analysis of patient data will be conducted 
by an independent data safety monitoring board after 30 
patients have completed primary endpoint assessment. All 
30 participants are anticipated to have been enrolled and 
commenced their treatment programs within Q3, 2022. The 
preliminary analysis will allow the trial investigators to inform 
the second part of the trial (n=42) and, or decide to initiate 
activities to commence a pivotal phase 2b clinical trial that 
Incannex is actively planning.

FDA development plan and pre-IND meeting

In October 2021, we conducted a pre-IND meeting with 
the FDA on the psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for GAD 
program. The pre-IND meeting package was prepared with 
the assistance of Camargo Pharmaceuticals LLC, who also 
attended the meeting with us. The FDA confirmed, in both 
writing and teleconference, that the therapeutic strategy for 
a psilocybin-assisted therapy for GAD is appropriate and 
conveyed interest in its development. FDA also provided 
guidance on Incannex’s proposed long-term development 
strategy with regards to what will be required for a 
successful NDA (FDA approval) and marketing authorization. 
Specific feedback from the FDA on our proposed clinical 
trial designs will shape a pivotal Phase 2b clinical trial, which 
will be the IND opening study following either interim or full 
results from the Phase 2 exploratory trial.

Intellectual Property Strategy

We strategically protect our innovations with a harmonized 
IP strategy, combining patent protection with regulatory 
and market exclusivity. We are pursuing patent protection 
for aspects of our psilocybin therapy program. The patent 
position that will be available to us is unlikely to cover 
psilocybin alone as a clinical entity. However, we are 
pursuing a patent position in relation methods of treatment 
using psilocybin including combination therapies (e.g., 
formulations, actives plus psychotherapeutic modalities) and 
other therapeutic methods (e.g., specific dosage regimens).

Psilocybin therapy protocol

Our psilocybin therapy comprises administration 
of medication with psychotherapy by mental health 
professionals that have undergone our specialised therapist 
training program. Therapy is designed to optimize patient 
safety and therapeutic outcomes in GAD with specific 
support before, during and after psilocybin dosing sessions.

Each participant receives two therapeutic doses of our 
investigational product, which will be composed of a 
specified dosage of psilocybin, with psychotherapy before, 
during and after each dose session. The psychotherapy 
comprises four distinct phases:

•  Preliminary psychotherapy: conducted during the 

screening stage with key focus on clinical formulation, 
therapeutic alliance, psychedelic treatment 
psychoeducation and practical preparation for dosing. 

•  Preparation psychotherapy: conducted following full 
enrollment and prior to the first dosing session with 
a key focus on extending preliminary psychotherapy 
work, and covering more targeted and GAD-specific 
psychological and practical preparation for dosing. 

•   After dosing support: conducted within a week 

following the preparation session with key focus on 
trust, suitable mindset, conducive physical setting, 
and participant-led support. Dosing support is the 
psychotherapy session. 

•  Integration psychotherapy: conducted following 
the dosing sessions, including the day directly 
following each dosing session, with key focus on 
sustaining benefits through specific mindful, emotion 
and somatic-focused therapy, meaning-centered 
support, and facilitating contextual changes that 
support outcomes. 

48

49

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedProfessor Suresh Sundram is the Head, Department of 
Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University 
and Director of Research, Mental Health Program, Monash 
Health. He has been investigating the molecular pathology 
of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders using 
pharmacological, neurochemical and neuropathological 
approaches. These inter-related methods have been 
applied to parse components of the disorder such as 
treatment resistance and suicide to better understand 
their neurobiological substrates. He undertook his 
doctoral and post-doctoral studies at the Mental Health 
Research Institute in Melbourne before establishing his 
laboratory there and subsequently at the Florey Institute 
and concurrently establishing a clinical research laboratory 
undertaking clinical trial and biomarker research in 
psychotic disorders. He then transferred to and integrated 
his research program at Monash University and Monash 
Medical Centre.

Psi-GAD

Monash University

Clinical trial investigators

The Principal Investigator is Dr Paul Liknaitzky, with  
Co-Investigators Professor Murat Yucel and Professor 
Suresh Sundram.

Dr. Liknaitzky is Head of the Clinical Psychedelic Research 
Lab within the Turner Institute and the Dept of Psychiatry, 
Monash. He is a Chief Principal Investigator and Research 
Fellow at Monash University, and has Adjunct or Honorary 
appointments at St Vincent’s Hospital, Macquarie 
University, Deakin University, and the University of 
Melbourne. He earned an Honours in Neuroscience and a 
PhD in Psychology from the University of Melbourne. His 
work examines mechanisms of mental illness and treatment 
development primarily within mood, anxiety and addiction 
research. Liknaitzky is an Investigator across a number 
of Australia’s first clinical psychedelic trials. He has been 
invited to deliver numerous academic, professional, and 
public talks on psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, and 
has been interviewed on the topic for print media, radio, 
and podcasts. Liknaitzky leads Australia’s first clinical 
psychedelic lab, coordinates Australia’s first applied 
psychedelic therapist training program, and is establishing 
Australia’s largest psychedelic trial (Psi-GAD). His work is 
focused on developing a rigorous program of research in 
psychedelic medicine at Monash University that seeks to 
evaluate therapeutic effects, innovate on treatment design, 
mitigate known risks, explore potential drawbacks, and 
understand therapeutic mechanisms.

Professor Murat Yucel gained a PhD combined with 
specialist clinical training in Clinical Neuropsychology in 
2001 at La Trobe University. He then worked across as 
numerous mental health research centres at the University 
of Melbourne and was promoted to professor in 2012. He 
now works within the Monash School of Psychological 
Sciences, where he heads the mental health and addiction 
research programs. He is a director of BrainPark — a world-
first neuroscience research clinic designed to bring the 
latest neuroscience with diagnostic or therapeutic benefit to 
the community in an accessible way.

In December 2020, we entered into a partnership agreement 
with Monash University (“Monash”) in Australia to conduct 
a psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy trial to treat GAD. 
Monash sponsors our initial Phase 2 exploratory clinical 
trial, ensuring rigorous scientific independence and the 
highest standards in ethical and safe research. We are 
funding and supporting this investigator-initiated trial, and 
retain all intellectual property created by the trial. We are 
also investigating the commencement of other psychedelic 
medicine research projects that would offer an opportunity 
to address what we believe is an unmet need in patients 
diagnosed with other mental illnesses.

Monash is one of Australia’s leading universities and 
consistently ranks among the world’s top 100. Psychedelic 
treatment for our exploratory trials are delivered within 
BrainPark, a state-of-the-art research platform at Monash’s 
Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and Biomedical 
Imaging Facility, that provides a highly conducive 
environment for psychedelic treatments in a research 
context. Both the School of Psychological Sciences within 
the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and the 
Department of Psychiatry within the School of Clinical 
Sciences, have combined forces to conduct psychedelic 
research and the team comprises leading researchers and 
clinicians in relevant fields of psychiatry, psychotherapy, and 
mental health treatment development.

Virtual Reality (‘VR’) Exposure Response Therapy 
(‘ERP’) and psychede lics

In March 2022, we entered into a license agreement with 
Monash to develop a novel treatment that combines Virtual 
Reality and psychedelics. The license agreement provides 
an exclusive and perpetual license over an immersive 
therapeutic Virtual Reality environment developed by 
BrainPark. The license allows Incannex to investigate the 
use of the Virtual Reality therapy tool in combination with 
a psychedelic drug to develop a new treatment for severe 
forms of one of more anxiety disorders. 

The associated research and development will be led by 
Dr Paul Liknaitzky at Monash, a highly reputable, globally 
recognized, and innovative university that ranked #40 in the 
world in the US News and World Report 2022. Incannex and 
Monash are in advanced stages of discussion in relation 
to a research agreement for the clinical trials required to 
develop the new treatment form. The initial clinical trial will 
assess efficacy, safety, tolerability, and optimal dose of the 
treatment method.

50

51

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIn May 2022, Incannex announced that it completed a 
binding share sale and purchase agreement to acquire 
100% of the issued share capital in APIRx Pharmaceuticals 
USA, LLC (‘APIRx’). The stakeholders in APIRx (‘Sellers’) 
have been issued a total of 218,169,506 new shares at a 
notional value of A$0.573 per share to satisfy the purchase 
of APIRx, which represents the price agreed at the signing 
of the binding terms sheet announced on March 24, 
2022. IHL share purchase consideration is equivalent to 
approximately 8,726,780 IXHL American Depositary Shares 
(ADS). Approval to issue the shares to the APIRX sellers 
in consideration for the acquisition of APIRx was sought 
and approved at a meeting of shareholders on June 9, 
2022. 99.27% of voting shareholders approved the issue 
of shares to the sellers. The Company completed the 
acquisition on APIRx Pharmaceuticals on the 5th of August, 
via the issuance of 218,169,497 IHL ordinary shares to the 
stakeholders of APIRx. Legal transfer of the APIRx group 
of companies to Incannex has been finalised so that the 
group of companies sit within a wholly owned subsidiary 
of Incannex. 

The acquisition of APIRx presents Incannex with both long 
and short-term opportunities for significant value growth. 
APIRx has twenty-two (22) active clinical and pre-clinical 
research and development projects underpinned by an 
intellectual property portfolio that includes 19 granted 
patents and 23 pending patents. It holds a diverse portfolio 
of promising therapeutic candidates targeted at treating 
an extensive range of conditions including pain disorders, 
addiction disorders, mental illnesses, gastrointestinal 
diseases, gum disease, skin conditions and ophthalmic 
conditions. The indications being pursued represented an 
aggregate addressable market of US$400B per annum. 

Founders of APIRx, Dr George Anastassov and Mr Lekhram 
Changoer (M.Science) have joined the Incannex team 
as non-executive director and chief technology officer 
respectively. Dr. Anastassov is responsible for APIRx 
commercial operations, strategic decision- making, and 
oversight of all clinical development assets. He is one of the 
developers of the first-in-the-world cannabinoid-containing 
chewing gum-based delivery system among a number of 
other systems and formulations. Previously, he was CEO 
and Co-founder of AXIM Biotechnologies, which achieved 
an all-time-high market capitalization of approximately 
US$1.2B. Mr. Changoer is responsible for the Company’s 
R&D, clinical & product development, commercial 
operations, quality assurance and Sales & Marketing 
of technical, consumer healthcare and pharmaceutical 
products. He has co-developed several patents in the 
cannabinoid field. Previously, he was CTO and Co-founder 
of AXIM Biotechnologies. 

The initial priority APIRx drug candidates for 
Incannex are: 

MedChew Dronabinol for chemotherapy 
induced nausea and vomiting 

According to the WHO, cancer is one of the leading causes 
for death and chemotherapy is utilized by approximately 
ten (10) million cancer patients annually and this statistic is 
expected to grow by 53% by 2040. Nausea and vomiting 
are two of the most dreaded cancer treatment-related side 
effects. Dronabinol, which is synthetic Tetrahydrocannabinol 
(‘THC’) is an approved treatment of chemotherapy 
associated nausea and vomiting as well as anorexia 
associated with HIV/AIDS. Oral dronabinol is taken up 
slowly, however, taking 1-2.5 hours to reach peak plasma 
concentration, and is also subject to first pass metabolism, 
which means that only 10-20% of the dose reaches 
the circulation. 

MedChew Dronabinol is a chewable variant of Dronabinol 
that has been developed and patented by APIRx to bypass 
first pass metabolism. In a phase 1a study of MedChew 
Dronabinol, THC appears in circulation within 10 minutes 
and a sustained release profile of 4 to 8 hours was observed 
in most study subjects so that the product is more useful in 
the time in which it is required. There is an open IND with the 
FDA for MedChew Dronabinol and the next developmental 
step for the product is to conduct a bioavailability/
bioequivalence clinical study to support application for 
approval by bridging to publicly available data on Marinol, 
the marketing name of generic dronabinol. The economic 
size of the global drug market for chemotherapy induced 
Nausea and Vomiting is anticipated to be US$3.1B per 
annum by 2024. 

MedChew Rx for pain and spasticity in  
multiple sclerosis (‘MS’) 

Up to 84% of people suffering from MS also experience 
spasticity, which causes involuntary muscle stiffness 
and spasms. Pain is also a common symptom in MS, 
with up to two-thirds of people with MS reporting pain in 
worldwide studies. MedChew™ Rx is absorbed through 
the oral mucosal membrane and bypasses the liver, and 
first pass metabolism. MedChewTM Rx contains the same 
constituent formulation of CBD and THC as the product 
Sativex, which has received EMA drug approval. MedChew 
Rx, however, facilitates extended dosing and reduces the 
need to readminister, which for Sativex is up to 12 times per 
day. It does not contain alcohol, which Sativex does, and 
will not exacerbate the dry mouth that is often associated 
with MS pharmacotherapy. MedChew Rx has underlying 

Acquisition 
of APIRx 
Pharmaceuticals

Incannex Healthcare Limited

52

53

Incannex Healthcare Limitedpatent protection via granted patents related to chewing 
gums comprising cannabinoids. APIRx staff have completed 
pre-IND meetings with Swiss-Medic (Switzerland) and 
CBG-MEG (Netherlands). There is potential to fast track 
to EMA drug approval with bioequivalent phase 1 bridging 
study to bridge to Sativex CBD/THC oral spray safety and 
efficacy data. 

Cannabinoid Chewing Gums and  
chewable tablets 

Medicated chewing gum and chewable tablets (‘MCGT’) 
is a drug delivery system growing in favour in the medical 
community due to its application as an extended-release 
dosage form that supports continuous, ongoing release 
of the medicine contained. MCGTs are fast acting as they 
deliver the active ingredients into the oral mucosa, reducing 
the potential for gastric intolerance amongst patients. These 
qualities make MCGTs an excellent delivery system for 
medicinal combinations designed to treat sustaining pain 
and addiction disorders. MCGTs are also well tolerated 
by patients as there are no capsules to swallow or messy 
liquids to administer. The benefits of mastication, otherwise 
known as chewing, are well documented and include 
improved cerebral circulation, an anti-anxiety effect, 
memory improvement, neuroprotection, and an analgesic 
effect. These qualities make MCGTs an excellent delivery 
system for medicinal combinations designed to treat 
sustaining pain and addiction disorders.

We have data for CheWell as a high bioavailability product.  
A Phase 1 pharmacokinetic (PK) study demonstrated that 
the patented CheWell formulation led to >10x increase 
in CBD bioavailability compared to the standard CBD 
chewing gum delivery mechanisms. Data from 36 patient 
phase 2 proof of concept trial observed a 50% reduction in 
abdominal pain in CheWell treated Irritable bowel syndrome 
(IBS) patients, supporting a therapeutic effect in IBS. 
International regulatory analysis is being undertaken to 
identify what is required for commercial launch in different 
jurisdictions. Improved bioavailability means that even small 
doses of CBD within MCGTs could be highly effective even 
without a prescription from a doctor. That is, they could 
meet the TGA requirements for an OTC product. Increased 
bioavailability also reduces cost of goods, which increases 
margins. First marketing claim could be for IBS, however, 
could be suitable for a range of indications for which CBD 
may currently assist patients.

Medicated Chewing Gum and Chewable Tablets 
for Treatment of Addiction

CanChew Rx and SuppoCan for  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease

APIRx has multiple patents for cannabinoid-based drug 
candidates designed for treatment of addiction to different 
drug classes.

CheWell for Cannabis Dependence 

CheWell is a CBD chewable tablet with high bioavailability 
that can be used in the treatment of people with marijuana 
addiction. Cannabis dependence is predicted to be the 
fastest growing segment of drug dependence market and 
preliminary data observed by APIRx suggest a possible 
beneficial impact of CBD on mitigating the craving effect 
of cannabis. A case report has shown positive outcomes 
for one patient treated with CBD during the withdrawal and 
relapse phase of cannabis dependence. A pre-IND for the 
use of CheWell in patients with cannabis dependence is with 
FDA is currently pending.

CanQuit for Smoking Cessation 

CanQuit is a medicated chewing gum that combines 
cannabinoids and nicotine to reduce cravings for cigarettes 
or tobacco vaping utensils. CanQuit is designed to better 
assist addicted smokers to quit smoking and we intend 
to trial our product for effectiveness against existing 
nicotine chewing gums. A more effective and cost effective 
cannabinoid/nicotine combination medicated gum may have 
the potential to disrupt the incumbent global nicotine gum 
market, which had observed sales of US$ 5.2B in 2020. 

CanQuit O for Opioid Addiction

CanQuit O is a medicated chewing gum that combines 
cannabinoids with opioid agonists and/or antagonists, 
which is designed to suppress opioid-based drug cravings 
in people addicted to opioids. We intend CanQuit O to be 
a prescription product to help combat the ongoing opioid 
addiction crisis in the United States and elsewhere. We 
believe CanQuit O has the potential to be a simple solution 
to a complex addiction disorder and nationwide problem 
with far reaching consequences. Opioid use disorder has an 
annual addressable market size estimated to be US$64B by 
2028 and with many people being addicted but untreated. 

68 million people suffer from Inflammatory Bowel Disease 
(IBD) globally. Signs and symptoms of IBD, which 
encompass both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, 
include diarrhea, fatigue, abdominal pain and cramping, 
reduced appetite, and unintended weight loss. Heretofore, 
the main medications for IBD are anti-inflammatory 
medications and analgesics. Anti-inflammatories include 
courses of corticosteroids which are used to induce 
remission but are immunosuppressing. APIRx has 
developed a CBD-containing controlled-release functional 
chewing gum called CanChew Rx and Suppocan to be 
used in conjunction with one another. SuppoCan is a 
CBD-containing suppository to facilitate local delivery of 
cannabinoids. In experiments, CBD has shown efficacy in 
treating IBD in animals and we intend to undertake a phase 
1 clinical trial to assess CanChew Rx and Suppocan. 

OraxiMax for Periodontal Disease and Gingivitis

Up to 50% of adults suffer from moderate to severe 
periodontitis and/or gingivitis. Heretofore, periodontal 
disease treatment has been limited to professional dental 
cleaning and the use of systemic antibiotics. OraxiMax 
Toothpaste and Mouthwash contain CBD and Cannabigerol 
(CBG) and are backed by fully granted IP protection. There 
products provide for disruption of dental plaque formation, 
therefore preventing gingivitis and periodontitis. Due to their 
proprietary formulations, the local availability of APIs are 
increased while systemic absorption is kept to minimum.

Benefits of CBD in dental protection include: 

•  Reduction in inflammation that can lead to 

gum diseases

•  Attacks on bacteria associated with tooth decay, 

reducing the risk of cavities. 

•  Fights bad breath. 

•  Relieves dental and gum sensitivity

•  Encourages tooth remineralization, and

•  Restores pH balance.

We have observed encouraging bioavailability data for 
Oraximax products and intend to undertake a phase 2 
study to, subject to clinical success, achieve results that 
demonstrate appropriate safety and efficacy to register the 
products as a medical device under the FDA 510(k) approval 
process in the United States. 

Topical cannabinoid development

APIRx developed and patented a combination of CBD 
and CBG, a minor cannabinoid that also has potent anti-
inflammatory properties, in a topical formulation. the 
topical solutions combine anti-inflammatory activity with 
antimicrobial activity of CBD/CBG to treat skin diseases. 
APIRx completed in-human proof of concept studies in 
three different skin diseases with dosing occurring for 6 
weeks. Our drug product was well tolerated and displayed 
a 10% improvement in patients with Vitiligo, up to a 33% 
improvement in patients with Psoriasis and up to a 22% 
improvement in patients with atopic dermatitis. Patents are 
pending for compositions and methods of use for treatment 
of each of the three indications and we intend to call a pre-
IND meeting with the FDA to discuss our best development 
pathways for the topical cannabinoid solutions. 

Cannabinoids for Ophthalmic Conditions

Via the acquisition of APIRx, we have two granted patents 
for ophthalmic formulations of cannabinoids. Anecdotal 
evidence supports therapeutic benefit for cannabis and 
cannabinoids in the treatment of ophthalmic conditions 
including: glaucoma, conjunctivitis, age related macular 
degeneration, and dry eye syndrome. We proposed that a 
therapeutic effect in these eye conditions is derived from 
the neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial 
activities of cannabinoids. We intend to undertake a phase 
1 safety and proof of concept clinical trial to advance the 
development of cannabinoids for ophthalmic conditions. 

54

55

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedDirector’s 
interests 
in the 
Company

As at the date of this report, the interests of the directors in the shares and options of the Company were: 

Director

Mr Troy Valentine

Mr Peter Widdows

Mr Joel Latham

Dr George Anastassov

Mr Robert Clark

Dividends

Number of fully paid 
ordinary shares

Number of options  
over ordinary shares

No. of performance 
rights/shares

36,651,198

16,573,685

23,748,413

66,972,077

–

2,800,000

–

10,100,000

–

–

–

–

–

–

No dividends have been paid or declared since the start of the financial year and the directors do not recommend the 
payment of a dividend in respect of the financial year.

After Balance Date Events
On 17 August 2022, the company appointed Robert Bruce 
Clark to the board as a non-executive Director.

Share Options
The Company has the following options on issue as at the 
date of the Directors’ Report. 

On 5 August 2022, the Company completed the acquisition 
on APIRx Pharmaceuticals. The acquisition was completed 
by an all-scrip transaction by issuing 218,169,497 IHL 
ordinary shares to the stakeholders of APIRx.

On 5 August 2022, the Company issued shares and options 
to Ryba LLC post year end pursuant to the mandate 
executed between the companies in November 2021. As the 
transaction between the Company and APIRx was deemed 
complete on 05 August 2022 the shares and options 
were issued.

No further significant events have occurred since the end of 
the financial year.

Expiry Date

Exercise 
Price

Listed/
Unlisted

Number 

30/06/2025

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

30/06/2026

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

30/06/2027

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

30/06/2025

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

30/06/2026

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

30/06/2027

 $0.05 

 Unlisted 

 750,000 

20/11/2023

20/11/2023

20/11/2023

01/07/2025

01/07/2026

01/07/2027

 $0.15 

 Unlisted 

 8,200,000 

 $0.25 

 Unlisted 

 20,000,000 

 $0.20 

 Unlisted 

 6,650,000 

 $0.26 

 Unlisted 

 533,333 

 $0.31 

 Unlisted 

 533,333 

 $0.35 

 Unlisted 

 533,334 

28/04/2023

 $1.00 

 Unlisted 

33,644,386

28/04/2023

 $1.00 

 Unlisted 

928

01/07/2025

01/07/2026

01/07/2027

01/07/2025

01/07/2026

01/07/2027

 $0.26 

 Unlisted 

 1,399,999 

 $0.31 

 Unlisted 

 1,399,999 

 $0.35 

 Unlisted 

 1,400,002 

 $0.26 

 Unlisted 

 1,399,999 

 $0.31 

 Unlisted 

 1,399,999 

 $0.36 

 Unlisted 

 1,400,002 

04/08/2025

$0.612

 Unlisted 

3,000,000

04/08/2025

$0.69

 Unlisted 

3,000,000

04/08/2025

$0.765

 Unlisted 

3,000,000

56

57

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedUnissued Shares under Option 

As at the date of this report, there were 91,995,314 unissued 
ordinary shares under options (2021: 338,378,176).

Option holders do not have any right, by virtue of the 
options, to participate in any share issue of the Company or 
any related body corporate.

Shares issued as a result of the exercise of options

During the financial year there were 207,650,638 ordinary 
shares issued as a result of the exercise of options  
(2021: 286,500,523).

Indemnification and Insurance of 
Directors and Officers
Indemnification

The Company has agreed to indemnify the directors of the 
Company, against all liabilities to another person (other than 
the Company or a related body corporate) that may arise 
from their position as directors of the Company, except 
where the liability arises out of conduct involving a lack of 
good faith. The agreement stipulates that the Company will 
meet the full amount of any such liabilities, including costs 
and expenses.

Remuneration Report (Audited)
This report, which forms part of the Directors’ Report, 
outlines the remuneration arrangements in place for the key 
management personnel of Incannex Healthcare Limited (the 
“Company”) for the financial year ended 30 June 2022. 

The key management personnel of the Company are the 
Directors of the Company including the Managing Director/
Chief Executive Officer.

Remuneration philosophy

The performance of the Company depends upon the quality 
of the directors and executives. The philosophy of the 
Company in determining remuneration levels is to:

•  set competitive remuneration packages to attract and 

retain high calibre employees;

•  link executive rewards to shareholder value creation; 

and

•  establish appropriate, demanding performance 
hurdles for variable executive remuneration.

Remuneration Structure 

In accordance with best practice Corporate Governance, 
the structure of non–executive director and executive 
remuneration is separate and distinct.

Insurance premiums

Non–executive director remuneration

The Company has arranged directors’ and officers’ liability 
insurance, for past, present or future directors, secretaries, 
and executive officers. The insurance cover relates to:

•  costs and expenses incurred by the relevant officers in 
defending proceedings, whether civil or criminal and 
whatever their outcome; and

•  other liabilities that may arise from their position, with 
the exception of conduct involving a wilful breach of 
duty or improper use of information or position to gain 
a personal advantage. 

The insurance policies outlined above do not contain details 
of the premiums paid in respect of individual directors or 
officers of the Company.

Environmental Regulations
The Group is not subject to any significant 
environmental regulation.

The Board seeks to set aggregate remuneration at a level 
that provides the Company with the ability to attract and 
retain directors of the highest calibre, whilst incurring a 
cost that is acceptable to shareholders. The amount of 
aggregate remuneration apportioned amongst directors is 
reviewed annually. The Board considers the fees paid to 
non–executive directors of comparable companies when 
undertaking the annual review process. Independent advice 
is obtained when considered necessary to confirm that 
remuneration is in line with market practice. 

Each director receives a fee for being a director of 
the Company. Non–executive directors may receive 
performance rights (subject to shareholder approval) as it 
is considered an appropriate method of providing sufficient 
reward whilst maintaining cash reserves. 

Executive director remuneration

Remuneration consists of fixed remuneration and variable 
remuneration (comprising short–term and long–term 
incentive schemes).

Fixed remuneration

Performance Rights Plan (PRP)

Shareholders approved the Company’s PRP at the Annual 
General Meeting held on 23 November 2011. The PRP 
is designed to provide a framework for competitive and 
appropriate remuneration so as to retain and motivate 
skilled and qualified personnel whose personal rewards are 
aligned with the achievement of the Company’s growth and 
strategic objectives. 

No performance rights have been issued under the PRP 
during the year (2021: nil).

Executive Employment Contracts 

For the year ended 30 June 2022, Mr Joel Latham, was 
appointed as Chief Executive Officer under an employment 
agreement. The material terms of the agreement are set out 
as follows:

•  Commencement date: 1 July 2018

•  Term: No fixed term

•  Fixed remuneration: $484,000 per annum, plus 

$30,000 Board fees, plus superannuation 

•  Variable remuneration up to 50% of base salary 
subject to achieving certain performance hurdles

•  Grant of 2,800,000 ordinary shares and 2,800,000 

options which vest upon continuing tenure. 933,333 
ordinary shares and 933,333 options vested on 30 
June 2022. All shares and options granted have 
received shareholder approval.

•  Termination for cause: no notice period

•  Termination without cause: three–month notice period

Fixed remuneration is reviewed annually by the Board. 
The process consists of a review of relevant comparative 
remuneration in the market and internally and, where 
appropriate, external advice on policies and practices.  
The Board has access to external, independent advice 
where necessary.

The fixed remuneration component of key management 
personnel is detailed in Tables 1 and 2. 

Variable remuneration 

The objective of the short–term incentive program is to link 
the achievement of the Group’s operational targets with the 
remuneration received by the KMP charged with meeting 
those targets. The total potential short–term incentive 
available is set at a level so as to provide sufficient incentive 
to the KMP to achieve the operational targets and such that 
the cost to the Group is reasonable in the circumstances.

Actual payments granted to each KMP depend on the extent 
to which specific operating targets set at the beginning 
of the financial year are met. A short–term incentive 
remuneration of $245,000 is payable for the financial year 
ended 30 June 2022 to Joel Latham. 

The Company also makes long term incentive payments 
to reward senior executives in a manner that aligns this 
element of remuneration with the creation of shareholder 
wealth. The long–term incentive is provided in the form of 
performance rights and options over ordinary shares in the 
Company. 

Employee Share Option Plan (ESOP)

The Incannex Healthcare Limited ESOP provides for 
the directors to set aside shares in order to reward and 
incentivise employees. Directors will not set aside more than 
5% of the total number of issued shares in the Company 
at the time of the proposed issue. Officers and employees 
both full and part–time are eligible to participate in the plan.

1,600,000 shares and 1,600,000 options have been issued 
under the ESOP during the year (2021: nil).

58

59

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedTable 1: Remuneration of key management personnel (KMP) for the year ended 30 June 2022

Short–term 
(cash–based payments)

Long–term  
(share based 
payments)

Performance 
Rights,  
Shares and 
Options 
$

Post–
employment

Super-
annuation 
$

Performance 
Related 
%

Total 
$

Key Management 
Personnel name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows2

Salary & 
fees 
$

92,750

84,742

Bonus 
$

Other 
$

–

–

–

–

240,000

312,538

9,275

8,474

654,563

93,216

–

Mr Joel Latham3

533,500

245,000

716,096

24,998

1,519,594

Dr Sud Agarwal4

48,000

Dr George Anastassov5

–

–

–

90,000

–

–

–

4,800

142,800

–

–

Total

758,992

245,000

330,000

1,028,634

47,547

2,410,173

1.  Remuneration owed to Mr Valentine at 30 June 2022 is $38,750 included in accrued expenses. Mr Valentine was paid $240,000 for consulting 

fees invoiced to the Company, outside of Director fees.

2.  Remuneration owed to Mr Widdows at 30 June 2022 is $42,076 included in accrued expenses.

3.  Remuneration owed to Mr Latham at 30 June 2022 is $245,000 included in accrued expenses.

4.  Remuneration owed to Dr Agarwal at 30 June 2022 is $25,300 is included in accounts payable. Dr Agarwal received $90,000 in fees billed 
through Medical Life Publishing Pty Ltd, for services provided as Chief Medical Officer. Dr Agarwal resigned on the 28th of June 2022.

5.  Dr Anastassov was appointed on the 28th of June 2022.

Table 2: Remuneration of key management personnel (KMP) for the year ended 30 June 2021

Short–term 
(cash–based payments)

Long–term  
(share based 
payments)

Performance 
Rights,  
Shares and 
Options 
$

Post–
employment

Super-
annuation 
$

Performance 
Related 
%

Total 
$

Key Management 
Personnel name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows2

Salary & 
fees 
$

54,000

48,000

Mr Joel Latham3

278,731

115,000

Bonus 
$

Other 
$

–

–

127,500

–

–

–

–

5,130

4,560

186,630

52,560

217,7125

24,627

636,070

Dr Sud Agarwal4

48,000

–

90,000

454,9876

4,560

597,547

Total

428,731

115,000

217,500

672,699

38,877

1,472,807

47.8

–

63.3

–

–

–

–

34.2

76.1

1.  Remuneration owed to Mr Valentine at 30 June 2021 is $73,739 included in accounts payable. Mr Valentine was paid $127,500 for consulting fees 

invoiced to the Company, outside of Director fees.

2.  Remuneration owed to Mr Widdows at 30 June 2021 is $12,000 included in accounts payable.

3.  Remuneration owed to Mr Latham at 30 June 2021 is $239,596 included in accrued expenses and leave entitlements.

4.  Remuneration owed to Dr Agarwal at 30 June 2021 is $15,717 is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Dr Agarwal received 

$90,000 in fees billed through Medical Life Publishing Pty Ltd, for services provided as Chief Medical Officer.

5.  This represents amounts expensed during FY21 for securities granted during FY20.

6.  This represents amounts expensed during FY21 for securities granted during FY20.

60

61

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedPerformance rights

Each performance right is convertible into one ordinary share upon 
achievement of the performance hurdles. No performance right will 
vest if the conditions are not satisfied, hence the minimum value of 
the performance rights yet to vest is nil.

The assessed fair value at grant date of performance 
rights granted is expensed according to the performance 
or market–based conditions attached to the performance 
hurdle. Performance based hurdles are expensed to 
each reporting period evenly over the period from grant 
date to vesting date. Market based hurdles are expensed 
on the grant date unless there is an explicit or implicit 
service condition. The relevant amount is included in the 
remuneration table (Table 1) above. 

Fair values at grant date are independently determined 
using a trinomial pricing model that takes into account 
the exercise price, term, the share price at grant date and 
expected price volatility of the underlying share, barrier 
price / performance hurdles, the expected dividend yield 
and the risk–free interest rate. For details on the valuation 
of performance rights, including assumptions used, refer to 
note 14 of these financial statements.

Performance rights activity for KMP for the year ended 30 June 2022

Performance rights activity for KMP for the year ended 30 June 2022 are set out in the table below.

The number of performance rights held by Key Management Personnel of the Group during the financial year is as follows:

30 June 2022 – Performance Rights

Name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham1

Dr Sud Agarwal2

Dr George Anastassov

Balance at  
1 July 2021

Granted/(Expired) 
by the Company

Converted to 
Ordinary shares

Balance at  
30 June 2022

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

30 June 2021 – Performance Rights

Name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham1

Dr Sud Agarwal2

Balance at  
1 July 2020

Granted/(Expired) 
by the Company

Converted to 
Ordinary shares

Balance at  
30 June 2021

1,500,000

1,500,000

5,000,000

32,303,593

(1,500,000)

(1,500,000)

(5,000,000)

(2,000,000)

–

–

–

(30,303,593)

–

–

–

–

1.  Performance rights expired during the period as performance hurdle not attained. The performance rights lapsed were granted in FY2019, with a 

value of $13,527.

2.  Dr Agarwal’s held performance rights at the start of the year, with the initial 2,000,000 expiring upon failure of the performance hurdle. All other 

performance rights achieved the performance hurdles during the year and converted to ordinary shares accordingly. The performance rights that 
expired during the year were granted in FY 2020. The value of lapsed performance rights in total was $64,000. $1,341 was expensed in FY2020 
and was reversed in the current year. The performance rights converted to shares were granted in FY2020 and were valued initially at $469,324. 
$281,124 was expensed in FY2021.

62

63

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedOptions
Key Management Personnel – Option Holdings

The number of options held by Key Management Personnel of the Group during the financial year is as follows:

30 June 2022 – Options

Name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham2

Dr Sud Agarwal3

Balance at 
1 July 2021

Other changes 
during the period

7,116,950

657,895

4,700,000

(4,316,950)

(657,895)

5,400,000

200,000,000

(200,000,000)

Dr George Anastassov

–

–

Balance at 
30 June 2022 
(or on cessation)

2,800,000

–

Exercisable

466,666

–

1.  Other changes refer to conversion of options held to ordinary shares and share options issued to Troy Valentine approved by shareholders 

in 2022.

2.  5,400,000 share options were issued to Joel Latham approved by shareholders in 2022. 

3.  Dr Agarwal’s change relates to share options that lapsed during the year and conversion of options held.

30 June 2021 – Options

Name

Balance at 
1 July 2020

Other changes 
during the period

Mr Troy Valentine1

48,355,557

(41,238,607)

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham2

Dr Sud Agarwal3

3,957,895

6,687,500

(3,300,000)

(1,987,500)

Balance at 
30 June 2021 
(or on cessation)

7,116,950

657,895

4,700,000

Exercisable

7,116,950

657,895

1,700,000

Shares
30 June 2022 – Shares

Name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham2

Dr Sud Agarwal3

Dr George Anastassov

Balance held at 
1 July 2021 
(or on appointment)

Purchases / Other 
Acquisitions

Sales /  
Other Disposals

Balance held at 
30 June 2022 
(or on cessation)

26,734,248

15,915,790

17,948,414

66,303,593

–

9,916,950

657,895

5,800,000

8,999,500

–

–

–

–

–

–

36,651,198

16,573,685

23,748,413

75,303,093

–

30 June 2021 – Shares

Name

Mr Troy Valentine1

Mr Peter Widdows1

Mr Joel Latham2

Dr Sud Agarwal3

Balance held at 
1 July 2020  
(or on appointment)

Purchases / Other 
Acquisitions

Sales /  
Other Disposals

20,234,248

12,615,790

11,829,129

36,000,000

6,500,000

3,300,000

6,119,285

30,303,593

–

–

–

–

Balance held at 
30 June 2021 
(or on cessation)

26,734,248

15,915,790

17,948,414

66,303,593

1.  The change relates to ordinary shares acquired upon conversion of options.

2.  Mr Latham’s changes arise from the conversion of 2,000,000 share options, and the removal from voluntary escrow of 4,119,285 ordinary shares.

3.  Mr Agarwal’s changes arise from the conversion of performance rights upon achievement of performance hurdles.

10,100,000

4,683,333

1.   The change relates to ordinary shares acquired upon conversion of options.

–

–

–

–

2.  Mr Latham’s changes arise from the conversion of 200,000 share options, and new ordinary shares issued as part of his remuneration packages.

3.   Mr Agarwal’s changes relates to ordinary shares acquired upon conversion of options.

288,000,000

(88,000,000)

200,000,000

200,000,000

End of Remuneration Report

1.  Other changes refer to conversion of 6,500,000 “IHLOB” options held to ordinary shares and the disposal of 34,738,607 options at $0.007. 

2.  2,250,000 share options were issued to Joel Latham, that were granted in 2020 and approved by shareholders in 2021. 2,000,000 options were 
converted during the year. These options were held on appointment. 2,237,500 were disposed of during the year. These options were held 
on appointment. 

3.  Dr Agarwal’s change relates to share options that lapsed during the year as the vesting condition was not met. The value of the lapsed options, 

previously issued to settle outstanding invoices, was $72,656.

64

65

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedAuditor’s Independence Declaration

Non–Audit Services 
The Company has not engaged the auditor to perform any 
non–audit services during the year ended 30 June 2022 
(2021: $Nil). 

Auditor Independence and  
Non–Audit Services
Section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 requires our 
auditors, PKF Brisbane Audit, to provide the directors of 
the Company with an Independence Declaration in relation 
to the audit of the annual report. This Independence 
Declaration is set out on page 20 and forms part of this 
directors’ report for the year ended 30 June 2022.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors.

Troy Valentine
Chairman 

Melbourne, Victoria 
19/09/2022

66

67

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       U     ’            C    C         UNDER SECTION 307C OF THE CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 TO THE DIRECTORS OF INCANNEX HEALTHCARE LTD   I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, during the year ended 30 June 2022, there have been no contraventions of:  (a) the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and  (b) any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit.  This declaration is in respect of Incannex Healthcare Ltd and the entities it controlled during the year.    PKF BRISBANE AUDIT      LIAM MURPHY PARTNER  BRISBANE 19 SEPTEMBER 2022   Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedFinancial 
Statements

Incannex Healthcare Limited

68

Incannex Healthcare Limited

69

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
For the year ended 30 June 2022

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
As at 30 June 2022

Revenue

Other income

Total revenue and other income

Product costs

Administration expense

Advertising and investor relations

Bad debt expense

Research and development costs

Compliance, legal and regulatory

Share based payments

Occupancy expenses

Salaries and employee benefit expense

Total expenses

Loss before tax 

Income tax benefit

Loss after tax 

Other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive loss for the year

Earnings per share 

Basic loss per share (cents per share)

Diluted loss per share (cents per share)

Notes

3(a)

3(b)

Consolidated

   30 June 2022 
$

30 June 20211  
(restated) 
$

–

1,897,596

788,654

788,654

(6,338)

(280,969)

75,748

1,973,344

(911,969)

(99,094)

(2,746,226)

(4,345,874)

(134,626)

–

(5,371,821)

(4,749,514)

(3,559,511)

(1,227,244)

14

(1,464,550)

(600,043)

(112,341)

(115,836)

(2,016,181)

(1,296,569)

(15,692,563)

(13,346,143)

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

–

–

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

–

–

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

(1.25)

(1.25)

(1.16)

(1.16)

5

6

1. Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

Assets

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables

Other assets

Total current assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Total current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity

Issued capital

Reserves

Accumulated losses

Net equity

Consolidated

Notes

   30 June 2022 
$

30 June 20211  
(restated) 
$

8

9

10

11

12

13

37,500,931

9,123,617

294,717

83,960

37,879,608

37,879,608

2,010,533

2,010,533

2,010,533

169,088

36,090

9,328,795

9,328,795

755,049

755,049

755,049

35,869,075

8,573,746

86,586,794

45,852,107

8,077,191

6,612,641

(58,794,910)

(43,891,002)

35,869,075

8,573,746

1. Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements

70

71

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 30 June 2022

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the year ended 30 June 2022

Consolidated

Balance at 30 June 2020

Options exercised

Options issued to advisors

Share based payments 

Shares issue costs

Issued  
Capital 
$

Equity  
Reserve 
$

Accumulated 
Losses 
$

Total 
$

34,192,043 

1,490,588

(32,518,203)

3,164,428

12,498,706

 – 

–

–

(838,642) 

3,781,344

600,043 

740,666

 –

 –

 –

–

12,498,706

3,781,344

600,043

(97,976)

Comprehensive loss for the year

–

–

(11,372,799)

(11,372,799)

Balance at 30 June 20211 (restated)

45,852,107

6,612,641

(43,891,002)

8,573,746

Options exercised

Options issued to advisors

Share based payments 

Share placements

Shares issued to advisors

Shares issue costs

Comprehensive loss for the year

40,274,242

–

–

400,000

450,000

(389,555)

–

–

–

1,464,550

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

40,274,242

–

1,464,550

400,000

450,000

(389,555)

(14,903,909)

(14,903,909)

Balance at 30 June 2022

86,586,794

8,077,191

(58,794,910)

35,869,075

1 Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

Cash flows from operating activities 

Receipts from customers 

Receipts from other income

Payments to suppliers and employees

Interest received and other income

Consolidated

2022 
$

20211 
(restated) 
$

Notes

–

1,974,010

782,383

82,807

(13,596,027)

(8,969,276)

6,271

2,679

Net cash (used in) operating activities 

8

(12,807,373)

(6,909,780)

Cash flows from investing activities 

Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary

Net cash from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from shares issued (net of costs)

Net cash from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held

–

–

29,277

29,277

41,184,687

12,400,730

41,184,687

12,400,730

28,377,314

9,123,617

–

5,520,227

3,603,390

–

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

8

37,500,931

9,123,617

1. Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements

The accompanying notes form part of these financial statements

72

73

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedNotes to the Financial Statements 

For the year ended 30 June 2022

1. Significant accounting policies
The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation 
of the consolidated financial statements are set out below. 
These policies have been consistently applied to all 
the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Nature of Operations

Incannex Healthcare Limited (the “Company”) and its 
consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) is a 
clinical stage pharmaceutical development company that 
is developing unique medicinal cannabis pharmaceutical 
products and psychedelic medicine therapies. The 
Company’s common shares trade on the Australian 
Securities Exchange (“ASX”). The Company’s registered 
office is at Suite 15, Level 12, 401 Docklands Drive, 
Docklands 3008, Victoria, Australia.

For the fiscal year ended 30 June 2022, the Group 
incurred a total comprehensive loss after income tax of 
$14.9 million and had net cash outflows from operations of 
$12.8 million. The Group held total cash of $37.5 million as 
of 30 June 2022.

New or amended Accounting Standards and 
Interpretations adopted

The Group has adopted all of the new or amended 
Accounting Standards and Interpretations issued by the 
International Accounting Standards Board (‘IASB’) that are 
mandatory for the current reporting periods.

Any new or amended Accounting Standards or 
Interpretations that are not yet mandatory have not been 
early adopted.

Historical cost convention

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared 
under the historical cost convention, except for, where 
applicable, the revaluation of financial assets and liabilities 
at fair value through profit or loss, financial assets at fair 
value through other comprehensive income and derivative 
financial instruments.

Critical accounting estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements 
requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. 
It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the 
process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The 
areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, 
or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant 
to the consolidated financial statements, are disclosed in 
note 2.

Comparatives

Where necessary, comparative information has been 
reclassified and repositioned for consistency with current 
year disclosures.

Statement of compliance

These consolidated financial statements were authorised 
for issue by the Board of Directors in September 2022.

The consolidated financial statements comply with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), 
as issued by the International Accounting Standards 
Board (IASB).

Parent entity information

In accordance with IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial 
Statements, these consolidated financial statements present 
the results of the Group only. Supplementary information 
about the parent entity is disclosed in note 21.

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the 
assets and liabilities of all subsidiaries of the Company as at 
30 June 2022 and 2021 and the results of all subsidiaries for 
the years then ended. Incannex Healthcare Limited and its 
subsidiaries together are referred to in these consolidated 
financial statements as the ‘Group’. Details of all controlled 
entities are set out in Note 19.

Subsidiaries are all those entities over which the Group 
has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group 
is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its 
involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect 
those returns through its power to direct the activities of 
the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the 
date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are 
de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

Intercompany transactions between entities in the Group are 
eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been 
changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the 
policies adopted by the Group.

Where the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it 
derecognizes the assets including goodwill, liabilities and 
non–controlling interest in the subsidiary together with any 
cumulative translation differences recognized in equity. 
The Group recognizes the fair value of the consideration 
received and the fair value of any investment retained 
together with any gain or loss in profit or loss.

Operating segments

Operating segments are presented at note 4 using the 
‘management approach’, where the information presented 
is on the same basis as the internal reports provided to 
the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer 
is responsible for the allocation of resources to operating 
segments and assessing their performance.

Foreign currency translation

The consolidated financial statements are presented in 
Australian dollars, which is the Company’s functional and 
presentation currency.

Foreign currency transactions

Foreign currency transactions are translated into Australian 
dollars using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates 
of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses 
resulting from the settlement of such transactions and 
from the translation at financial year–end exchange rates 
of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign 
currencies are recognized in profit or loss.

Revenue recognition 

The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of 
goods and services to clients in an amount that reflects the 
consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled 
in exchange for those goods and services by applying the 
following steps:

•  Identify the contract with a client;

•  Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

•  Determine the transaction price;

•  Allocate the transaction price to the performance 

obligations; and

•  Recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies 

a performance obligation.

Revenue may be earned over time as the performance 
obligations are satisfied or at a point in time which is when 
the entity has earned a right to payment, the customer has 
possession of the asset and the related significant risks 
and rewards of ownership, and the customer has accepted 
the asset.

The Company’s arrangements with clients can include 
multiple performance obligations. When contracts involve 
various performance obligations, the Company evaluates 
whether each performance obligation is distinct and should 
be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting under 
AASB 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

The Company determines the standalone selling price 
by considering its overall pricing objectives and market 
conditions. Significant pricing practices taken into 
consideration include discounting practices, the size 
and volume of our transactions, our marketing strategy, 
historical sales, and contract prices. The determination of 
standalone selling prices is made through consultation with 
and approval by management, taking into consideration our 
go–to–market strategy. As the Company’s go–to–market 
strategies evolve, the Company may modify its pricing 
practices in the future, which could result in changes in 
relative standalone selling prices.

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with 
customers based on the categories that most closely depict 
how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue 
and cash flows are affected by economic factors. During 
the years ended 30 June 2022 and 2021, the Company 
recognized revenue from only one such category, being 
cannabinoid oils sales. 

The Company receives payment from its clients after 
invoicing within the normal 28–day commercial terms. If a 
client is specifically identified as a credit risk, recognition 
of revenue is stopped except to the extent of fees that have 
already been collected.

Other income

Other income is recognized when it is received or when 
the right to receive it is established. Other income primarily 
consists of grant income and interest income.

Interest income

Interest revenue is recognized as interest accrues using the 
effective interest method. This is a method of calculating 
the amortised cost of a financial asset and allocating the 
interest income over the relevant period using the effective 
interest rate, which is the rate that exactly discounts 
estimated future cash receipts through the expected life 
of the financial asset to the net carrying amount of the 
financial asset.

Income tax

The income tax expense or benefit for the period is the 
tax payable on that period’s taxable income based on the 
applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction, adjusted 
by the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities 
attributable to temporary differences, unused tax losses 
and the adjustment recognized for prior reporting years, 
where applicable.

74

75

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedDeferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for 
temporary differences at the tax rates expected to be 
applied when the assets are recovered or liabilities are 
settled, based on those tax rates that are enacted or 
substantively enacted, except for:

•  When the deferred income tax asset or liability arises 
from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset 
or liability in a transaction that is not a business 
combination and that, at the time of the transaction, 
affects neither the accounting nor taxable profits; or 

•  When the taxable temporary difference is associated 

with interests in subsidiaries, associates or joint 
ventures, and the timing of the reversal can be 
controlled, and it is probable that the temporary 
difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary 
differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that 
future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those 
temporary differences and losses.

The carrying amount of recognized and unrecognized 
deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date. 
Deferred tax assets recognized are reduced to the extent 
that it is no longer probable that future taxable profits will be 
available for the carrying amount to be recovered. Previously 
unrecognized deferred tax assets are recognized to the 
extent that it is probable that there are future taxable profits 
available to recover the asset.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only where there 
is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets 
against current tax liabilities and deferred tax assets against 
deferred tax liabilities; and they relate to the same taxable 
authority on either the same taxable entity or different 
taxable entities which intend to settle simultaneously.

Government grants

Income from government grants is recognized only when 
the Company has reasonable assurance that the grants 
will be received, and the conditions of the grants will 
be complied with. Income from Government grants is 
recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which 
the Company recognizes as expenses the related costs for 
which the grants are intended to compensate. Government 
grants relate to Australian Federal Government’s 
COVID–19 support package of a “Cash Flow Boost” for 
eligible organisations, supporting small and medium 
sized organisations.

Current and non–current classification

Other financial assets

Assets and liabilities are presented in the statement  
of financial position based on current and  
non–current classification.

An asset is classified as current when: it is either expected 
to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in 
the Group’s normal operating cycle; it is held primarily 
for the purpose of trading; it is expected to be realised 
within 12 months after the reporting period; or the asset 
is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being 
exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months 
after the reporting period. All other assets are classified 
as non-current.

A liability is classified as current when: it is either expected 
to be settled in the Group’s normal operating cycle; it is held 
primarily for the purpose of trading; it is due to be settled 
within 12 months after the reporting period; or there is no 
unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability 
for at least 12 months after the reporting period. All other 
liabilities are classified as non–current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as  
non–current.

Cash

Cash and deposits held at call with financial institutions, 
other short–term, highly liquid investments with original 
maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible 
to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an 
insignificant risk of changes in value.

Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value 
and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the 
effective interest method, less any allowance for expected 
credit losses. Trade receivables are due for settlement 
within 30 days.

The Group has applied the simplified approach to measuring 
expected credit losses, which uses a lifetime expected loss 
allowance. To measure the expected credit losses, trade 
receivables have been grouped based on days overdue.

Other receivables are recognized at amortised cost, less 
any allowance for expected credit losses.

Other financial assets are initially measured at fair value. 
Transaction costs are included as part of the initial 
measurement, except for financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss. Such assets are subsequently 
measured at either amortised cost or fair value depending 
on their classification. Classification is determined based on 
both the business model within which such assets are held 
and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial 
asset unless an accounting mismatch is being avoided.

Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive 
cash flows have expired or have been transferred and the 
Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards 
of ownership. When there is no reasonable expectation of 
recovering part or all a financial asset, its carrying value is 
written off.

Intangibles

Research and development

Research costs are expensed in the period in which they 
are incurred. Development costs are capitalised when it is 
probable that the project will be a success considering its 
commercial and technical feasibility; the Group is able to 
use or sell the asset; the Group has sufficient resources 
and intent to complete the development; and its costs can 
be measured reliably. Capitalised development costs are 
amortised on a straight–line basis over the period of their 
expected benefit, being their finite life of 10 years. The 
Company has not capitalised any development costs for 
the years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

Trade and other payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services 
provided to the Group prior to the end of the financial years 
and which are unpaid. Due to their short–term nature, they 
are measured at amortised cost and are not discounted. 
The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 
30 days of recognition.

Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present 
(legal or constructive) obligation as a result of a past 
event, it is probable the Group will be required to settle 
the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the 
amount of the obligation. The amount recognized as a 
provision is the best estimate of the consideration required 
to settle the present obligation at the reporting date, taking 
into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the 
obligation. If the time value of money is material, provisions 
are discounted using a current pre–tax rate specific to the 

liability. The increase in the provision resulting from the 
passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

Employee benefits

Short–term employee benefits

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non–monetary 
benefits, annual leave and long service leave expected to 
be settled wholly within 12 months of the reporting date are 
measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the 
liabilities are settled.

Other long–term employee benefits

The liability for annual leave and long service leave not 
expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting 
date are measured at the present value of expected future 
payments to be made in respect of services provided by 
employees up to the reporting date using the projected unit 
credit method. Consideration is given to expected future 
wage and salary levels, experience of employee departures 
and periods of service. Expected future payments are 
discounted using market yields at the reporting date on 
corporate bonds with terms to maturity and currency 
that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future 
cash outflows.

Retirement benefit obligations

All employees of the Group are entitled to superannuation 
contributions in accordance with Australian law. 
Contributions to employees’ nominated superannuation 
plans are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Share–based payments 

Equity–settled compensation benefits are provided 
to employees. 

Equity–settled transactions are awards of shares, 
performance rights or options over shares, that are provided 
to employees in exchange for the rendering of services.

The cost of equity–settled transactions are measured at fair 
value on grant date. Fair value is independently determined 
using either a trinomial pricing or Black-Scholes option 
pricing model that takes into account the exercise price, the 
term of the option, the impact of dilution, the share price at 
grant date and expected price volatility of the underlying 
share, the expected dividend yield and the risk free interest 
rate for the term of the option, together with non–vesting 
conditions that do not determine whether the Group 
receives the services that entitle the employees to receive 
payment. Inputs into the Black–Scholes option pricing 
models used to calculate fair value are classified as level 
three inputs under the fair value hierarchy of IFRS 13. No 
account is taken of any other vesting conditions.

76

77

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedThe cost of equity–settled transactions are recognized as 
an expense with a corresponding increase in equity over 
the vesting period. The cumulative charge to profit or loss is 
calculated based on the grant date fair value of the award, 
the best estimate of the number of awards that are likely 
to vest and the expired portion of the vesting period. The 
amount recognized in profit or loss for the period is the 
cumulative amount calculated at each reporting date less 
amounts already recognized in previous periods.

Market conditions are taken into consideration in 
determining fair value. Therefore, any awards subject to 
market conditions are considered to vest irrespective 
of whether or not that market condition has been met, 
provided all other conditions are satisfied.

If equity–settled awards are modified, as a minimum an 
expense is recognized as if the modification has not been 
made. An additional expense is recognized, over the 
remaining vesting period, for any modification that increases 
the total fair value of the share–based compensation benefit 
as at the date of modification.

If the non–vesting condition is within the control of the 
Group or employee, the failure to satisfy the condition is 
treated as a cancellation. If the condition is not within the 
control of the Group or employee and is not satisfied during 
the vesting period, any remaining expense for the award is 
recognized over the remaining vesting period, unless the 
award is forfeited.

If equity–settled awards are cancelled, it is treated as if it 
has vested on the date of cancellation, and any remaining 
expense is recognized immediately. If a new replacement 
award is substituted for the cancelled award, the cancelled 
and new award is treated as if they were a modification.

Fair value measurement

When an asset, liability or equity instrument, financial or 
non–financial, is measured at fair value for recognition or 
disclosure purposes, the fair value is based on the price that 
would be received to sell an asset or an equity instrument or 
paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date; and assumes 
that the transaction will take place either: in the principal 
market; or in the absence of a principal market, in the most 
advantageous market.

Fair value is measured using the assumptions that 
market participants would use when pricing the asset, 
liability or equity instrument, assuming they act in their 
economic best interests. For non–financial assets, the 
fair value measurement is based on its highest and best 
use. Valuation techniques that are appropriate in the 
circumstances and for which sufficient data are available 
to measure fair value, are used, maximising the use of 
relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of 
unobservable inputs.

Assets, liabilities and equity instruments measured at fair 
value are classified into three levels, using a fair value 
hierarchy that reflects the significance of the inputs used 
in making the measurements. For assets and liabilities 
measured at fair value after initial recognition, classifications 
are reviewed at each reporting date and transfers between 
levels are determined based on a reassessment of the 
lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are 
described as follows:

•  Level 1 — quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active 

markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•  Level 2 — valuation techniques for which the 

lowest level input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement is directly or indirectly observable; and

•  Level 3 — valuation techniques for which the 

lowest level input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement is unobservable.

For recurring and non–recurring fair value measurements, 
external valuers may be used when internal expertise is 
either not available or when the valuation is deemed to be 
significant. External valuers are selected based on market 
knowledge and reputation. Where there is a significant 
change in fair value of an asset or liability from one period 
to another, an analysis is undertaken, which includes a 
verification of the major inputs applied in the latest valuation 
and a comparison, where applicable, with external sources 
of data.

Issued capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new 
shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of 
tax, from the proceeds.

Dividends

Dividends are recognized when declared during the 

financial years.

Loss per share

Basic loss per share

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the profit 
attributable to the owners of Incannex Healthcare Limited, 
excluding any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary 
shares, by the weighted average number of ordinary 
shares outstanding during the financial years, adjusted 
for bonus elements in ordinary shares issued during the 
financial years. These values are set out in Note 6.

Diluted loss per share

Diluted loss per share adjusts the figures used in the 
determination of basic earnings per share to take into 
account the after income tax effect of interest and other 
financing costs associated with dilutive potential ordinary 
shares and the weighted average number of shares 
assumed to have been issued for no consideration in 
relation to dilutive potential ordinary shares. These values 
are set out in Note 6.

Goods and Services Tax (‘GST’) and other 
similar taxes

Revenues, expenses and assets are recognized net of 
the amount of associated GST, unless the GST incurred 
is not recoverable from the tax authority. In this case it is 
recognized as part of the cost of the acquisition of the asset 
or as part of the expense.

Receivables and payables are stated inclusive of the 
amount of GST receivable or payable. The net amount of 
GST recoverable from the tax authority is included in other 
receivables in the statement of financial position.

Cash flows are presented on a gross basis. The GST 
components of cash flows arising from investing or financing 
activities which are recoverable from, or payable to the tax 
authority, are presented as operating cash flow.

Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of 
the amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the 
tax authority.

New Accounting Standards not yet adopted

International Financial Reporting Standards and 
Interpretations that have recently been issued or amended 
but are not yet mandatory, have not been early adopted 
by the Group for the annual reporting periods ended 30 
June 2022 and 2021. 

2. Critical accounting judgements, 
estimates and assumptions
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements 
requires management to make judgements, estimates 
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in 
the consolidated financial statements. Management 
continually evaluates its judgements and estimates in 
relation to assets, liabilities, contingent liabilities, revenue 
and expenses. Management bases its judgements, 
estimates and assumptions on historical experience and 
on other various factors, including expectations of future 
events, management believes to be reasonable under 
the circumstances. The resulting accounting judgements 
and estimates will seldom equal the related actual results. 
The judgements, estimates and assumptions that have 
a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next 
financial year are discussed below.

Coronavirus (COVID–19) pandemic

Judgement has been exercised in considering the impacts 
that the Coronavirus (COVID–19) pandemic has had, or 
may have, on the Group based on known information. This 
consideration extends to the nature of the products and 
services offered, customers, supply chain, staffing and 
geographic regions in which the Group operates. There 
does not currently appear to be either any significant impact 
upon the consolidated financial statements or any significant 
uncertainties with respect to events or conditions which 
may impact the Group unfavourably as at the reporting date 
or subsequently as a result of the Coronavirus (COVID–19) 
pandemic.

Share–based payment transactions

The Group measures the cost of equity–settled transactions 
with employees and third parties by reference to the fair 
value of the equity instruments at the date at which they 
are granted. The fair value is determined by using either 
the trinomial or Black–Scholes model taking into account 
the terms and conditions upon which the instruments were 
granted. The accounting estimates and assumptions relating 
to equity–settled share–based payments would have no 
impact on the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
within the next annual reporting period but may impact 
profit or loss and equity. 

78

79

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited30 June 2022

Revenue from external customers

Interest revenue

Other revenue

Other expenses

Psychedelic 
products 
$

Cannabinoid 
products 
$

Corporate 
$

Consolidated 
$

–

–

–

–

96

782,383

–

6,175

–

–

6,271

782,383

(883,708)

(4,642,796)

(10,166,059)

(15,692,563)

Segment loss after income tax

(883,708)

(3,860,317)

(10,159,884)

(14,903,909)

Segment assets

Segment liabilities

30 June 20211 (restated)

Revenue from external customers

Interest revenue

Other revenue

Other expenses

56,058

263,731

37,559,819

37,879,608

(354,310)

(577,819)

(1,078,404)

(2,010,533)

–

–

–

1,897,5962

–

1,897,596

6

–

2,673

73,068

2,679

73,068

(768,316)

(5,202,370)

(7,375,456)

(13,346,143)

Segment loss after income tax

(768,316)

(3,304,768)

(7,299,714)

(11,372,799)

Segment assets

Segment liabilities

2,000

–

104,267

(86,522)

9,222,528

(668,527)

9,328,795

(755,049)

1.  Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

2.   Of the total revenue from pharmaceuticals in each year, 100% was through Cannvalate Pty Ltd’s distribution network.

3. Revenue

(a) Revenue (point in time)

Cannabinoid oils sales

(b) Other income

Income from other arrangements

Government grants

Interest

Refundable R&D tax offset

 Consolidated

2022 
$

2021 
$

–

–

–

–

6,271

782,383

788,654

1,897,596

1,897,596

35,568

37,500

2,679

–

75,747

4. Segment Information
Identification of reportable operating segments

AASB 8 (IFRS 8) Operating Segments requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal reports about 
components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the Chief Executive Officer in order to allocate resources to the 
segment and to assess its performance.

The Group’s operating segments have been determined with reference to the monthly management accounts used by the 
Chief Executive Officer to make decisions regarding the Group’s operations and allocation of working capital. Due to the size 
and nature of the Group, the Board as a whole has been determined as the Chief Executive Officer.

Based on the quantitative thresholds included in AASB 8 (IFRS 8), for the fiscal year ended 30 June 2022, the Group was 
organised into three operating segments:

1.  Research and develop the use of psychedelic medicine and therapies for the treatment of mental health disorders. 
This activity commenced during the year. During the current year the operations consisted entirely of research and 
development activities, including clinical trials.

2.  Research and develop the use of medicinal cannabinoid products. During the year the Group continued to research and 

develop its products and the range of its products, including further clinical trials.

3.  Corporate operations, consisting of management of the organisation, capital management and management of 

resources. Revenues consist of finance income and other income. 

The Group has only one geographical segment, namely Australia.

The revenues and results of these segments of the Group as a whole are set out in the condensed statement of 
comprehensive income and the assets and liabilities of the Group as a whole are set out in the condensed statement of 
financial position. A summary of revenue and expenses for the period and assets and liabilities at the end of the fiscal year 
for each segment is shown below.1

1.  Revenue earned in 2021 was from the sale of the cannabinoid oil products through Cannvalate Pty Ltd under a distribution agreement,  

this agreement was terminated in June 2021.

80

81

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited5. Income tax
The prima facie income tax benefit on pre–tax accounting loss from operations reconciles to the income tax benefit in the 
financial statements as follows:

6. Earnings per share

Accounting loss before tax

Income tax benefit at the applicable tax rate of 25% (2021: 26%)

Non–deductible expenses 

Non–assessable income 

Deferred tax assets not recognized

Income tax benefit

Unrecognized Deferred Tax Asset

Deferred tax asset not recognized in the financial statements:

Unused tax losses 

Net unrecognized tax benefit at 25% (2021: 26%)

Consolidated

2022 
$

20211  
(restated) 
$

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

3,725,977

(564,872)

195,596

2,956,928

(1,192,112)

–

(3,356,701)

(1,764,816)

–

–

24,845,264

20,867,835

6,211,316

5,425,637

1. Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

The potential deferred tax benefit has not been recognized as an asset in the financial statements because recovery of the 
asset is not considered probable in the context of AASB 112 Income Taxes (IAS 12).

The benefit will only be realised if:

a)  the Company derives future assessable income of a nature and of an amount sufficient to enable the benefit to 

be realised.

b)  the Company complies with the conditions for deductibility imposed by the law; and

c)  no changes in tax legislation adversely affect the Company in realising the benefit. 

Consolidated

2022 
$

(1.25)

20211  
(restated) 
$

(1.16)

Basic loss per share – cents per share

Basic loss per share 

The loss and weighted average number of ordinary shares  
used in the calculation of basic loss per share is as follows:

Total comprehensive loss for the year

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

– Weighted average number of ordinary shares (number)

1,191,154,011

976,931,338

1. Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

The company notes that the diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share.

7. Dividends
The Company has not declared a dividend for the year ended 30 June 2022 (2021: $nil).

82

83

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited8. Cash and cash equivalents

9. Trade and other receivables (Current)

Cash at bank and on hand 

Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates.

Reconciliation of loss for the year to net cash flows from operating activities:

Loss after income tax 

Non–cash based expenses:

Share–based payments

Depreciation and amortisation

Non–cash expense for investor relation services

Release of Gameday reserve of sales refund

Other non–cash expenses

Changes in net assets and liabilities: 

(Increase)/Decrease in receivables 

(Increase)/Decrease in inventory

Decrease in other current assets

Increase/(Decrease) in trade payables and accrued expenses

Increase/(Decrease) in other liabilities

Cash flows used in operations

Consolidated

2022 
$

37,500,931

37,500,931

2021 
$

9,123,617

9,123,617

Consolidated

2022 
$

2021 
$

(14,903,909)

(11,372,799)

Current

Other receivables

GST recoverable

Expected credit losses

Consolidated

2022 
$

–

294,717

294,717

2021 
$

53,447

115,641

169,088

The Group applies the AASB 9 (IFRS 9) simplified model of recognizing lifetime expected credit losses for all trade 
receivables as these items do not have a significant financing component. In measuring the expected credit losses, the trade 
receivables have been assessed on a collective basis as they possess shared credit risk characteristics. They have been 
grouped based on the days past due and also according to the geographical location of customers.

1,464,550

600,043

10. Other assets (current)

–

–

–

(594,394)

(92,320)

–

53,447

1,111,080

154,173

–

3,781,344

(15,484)

91,354

214,903

183,159

172

(291,311)

(101,161)

(12,807,373)

(6,909,780)

Prepayments

Office rental bond

Prepayment clinical trial insurance

11. Trade and other payables (current)

Trade payables 

Accrued expenses 

Employee leave entitlements

Consolidated

2022 
$

45,911

24,124

13,925

83,960

Consolidated

2022 
$

1,300,696

415,449

294,388

2,010,533

2021 
$

29,784

–

6,306

36,090

2021 
$

233,117

381,717

140,215

755,049

84

85

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited12. Issued capital

13. Reserves

Ordinary shares

(a) Ordinary shares - movements during year

At start of year

Issues of new shares – placements

Issues of new shares – share based payments2

Exercise of options 

Shares in lieu of advisor fees

Share issue costs

At end of year

Consolidated

2022 
$

2021 (restated) 
$

86,586,794

45,852,107

Consolidated

2022 
$

2022 
No. of shares

45,852,107 

1,068,411,224

 400,000 

5,000,000

– 

10,000,000

40,274,243 

207,650,638

450,000 

(389,555) 

1,272,166

–

 86,586,794 

1,292,334,028

Equity based premium reserve

Balance at 1 July 2021

Options issued to advisors2

Equity instruments issued to management and directors

At 30 June 2022

Consolidated

2022 
$

6,612,641

–

1,464,550

8,077,191

20211
(restated) 
$

1,490,588

4,522,010

600,043

6,612,641

1.  Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

2   During the year ended 30 June 2021, 40,000,000 options exercisable at $0.15, $0.20, and $.25 were issued to consultants for investor relation 

services. In addition, 30,164,690 options exercisable at $0.08 were issued as consideration for broker support of the exercise of the 262m listed 
IHLOB options series. During the year ended 30 June 2020, 33,000,000 options exercisable at $0.08 and expiring on 30 September 2021, were 
issued to brokers who supported the July 2019 capital raisings. These options have been valued using a Black–Scholes option model with inputs 
being grant date share price of $0.04 risk–free rate of 0.24% and volatility of 92%.

The equity based premium reserve is used to record the value of equity issued to raise capital, and for  
share–based payments.

1.   Reclassified and remeasured amounts due to restatement from error in prior year – see note 22 for explanation

2.   The fair value of shares issued to employees and Directors expensed during the period has been recorded through the share base payment 

equity reserve refer to note 13 for further details. 

Ordinary shares entitle the holder to participate in dividends and the proceeds on winding up of the Company in proportion 
to the number of shares held. On a show of hands, every shareholder present at a meeting is entitled to one vote and upon a 
poll each share is entitled to one vote. Ordinary shares have no par value, and the Company does not have a limited amount 
of authorised capital.

86

87

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited14. Share based payments
From time to time, the Company may issue equity securities (i.e., shares, options or performance rights) to its employees, 
directors or advisors to more closely align rewards for performance with the achievement of the Company’s growth and 
strategic objectives. Where the recipient is a director of the Company, shareholder approval must be sought under the ASX 
Listing Rules prior to the issue of any equity securities to any director.

Fair value of shares issued

The fair value of shares issued to employees is determined using the closing price of shares on the grant date and expensed 
over the vesting period. The total fair value of shares issued to employees and directors during the year was $3,588,000, as 
of 30 June 2022 there was $2,743,854 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested shares.

Options

The exercise price of options outstanding as of 30 June 2022 and 2021 ranged between $0.08 and $0.35. 

As of 30 June 2022, there was $1,853,263 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share options, which 
is expected to be recognized over a weighted–average period of approximately 1.39 years.

The fair values at grant date are independently determined using either a trinomial pricing or Black–Scholes option model 
that take into account any price to exercise, the term of the options or rights, the share price at grant date, the price volatility 
of the underlying share and the risk–free interest rate for the term of the options or rights. The expensed fair value in the 
tables below represents the proportion of the total fair value that has been allocated to the current period with the balance to 
be expensed in future periods.

The following share options were issued to employees and consultants as share based payments during the year ended 
30 June 2022:

Options

Number

Grant Date2

Expiry Date

Exercise 
Price

Total 
fair value

Options granted to Directors

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Options granted to employees

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Total options

1,399,999

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–25

1,399,999

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–26

1,400,002

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–27

1,399,999

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–26

1,399,999

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–27

1,400,002

09–Jun–22

01–Jul–28

533,333

29–Apr–22

01–Jul–25

533,333

29–Apr–22

01–Jul–26

533,334

29–Apr–22

01–Jul–27

10,000,000

$0.26

$0.31

$0.35

$0.26

$0.31

$0.35

$0.26

$0.31

$0.35

$298,200

$309,400

$324,800

$326,200

$334,600

$347,200

$139,200

$143,467

$148,800

$2,371,867

The following share options were issued to employees and consultants as share based payments during the year ended 
30 June 2021:

Options

Number

Grant Date2

Expiry Date

Options granted to third parties

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Unlisted Options

Total options

10,000,000

20–Nov–20

20–Nov–23

10,000,000

20–Nov–20

20–Nov–23

10,000,000

25–Feb–21

20–Nov–23

10,000,000

25–Feb–21

20–Nov–23

30,164,690

2–Oct–20

30–Sep–21

70,164,690

Exercise 
Price

Total 
fair value

$0.15

$0.25

$0.20

$0.25

$0.08

$647,348

$527,766

$1,352,588

$1,253,140

$740,665

$4,521,507

The fair values at grant date are independently determined using either a trinomial pricing or Black–Scholes option model 
that take into account any price to exercise, the term of the options or rights, the share price at grant date, the price volatility 
of the underlying share and the risk–free interest rate for the term of the options or rights. Inputs into the trinomial and  
Black–Scholes option pricing models used to calculate fair value are classified as level three inputs under the fair value 
hierarchy of AASB 13 (IFRS 13).

The fair value of the equity–settled share options granted is estimated as at the grant date using a Black–Scholes option 
model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted, as follows for the year ended 
30 June 2022:

$0.26 
Options

$0.31 
Options

$0.35 
Options

$0.26 
Options

$0.31 
Options

$0.35 
Options

$0.26 
Options

$0.31 
Options

$0.35 
Options

01 Jul 25 01 Jul 26

01 Jul 27 01 Jul 26

01 Jul 27 01 Jul 28 01 Jul 25 01 Jul 26

01 Jul 27

Number

1,399,999 1,399,999 1,400,002 1,399,999 1,399,999 1,400,002

533,333

533,333

533,334

Expected 
volatility (%)

Risk–free 
interest rate (%)

Expected life of 
option (years)

Exercise price 
(cents)

Grant date share 
price (cents)

80%

80%

80%

80%

80%

80%

80%

80%

80%

3.12%

3.33%

3.33%

3.33%

3.33%

3.33%

2.71%

2.90%

2.90%

3.06

4.06

5.06

4.06

5.06

6.07

3.18

4.18

5.18

26

35

31

35

35

35

26

35

31

35

35

35

26

41

31

41

35

41

Vesting date

30 Jun 22 30 Jun 23 30 Jun 24 30 Jun 23 30 Jun 24 30 Jun 25

01 Jul 22

01 Jul 23

01 Jul 24

88

89

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited 
 
 
 
 
The fair value of the equity–settled share options granted is estimated as at the grant date using a Black–Scholes option 
model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted, as follows for the year ended 
30 June 2021:

16. Financial Instruments
The Group’s principal financial instruments comprise cash and short–term deposits. 

$0.08 Options

$0.15 Options

$0.25 Options $0.20 Options

$0.25 Options

30–Sep–21

20–Nov–23

20–Nov–23

20–Nov–23

20–Nov–23

Number

30,164,690

10,000,000

10,000,000

10,000,000

10,000,000

Expected volatility (%)

Risk–free interest rate (%)

Expected life of option (years)

Exercise price (cents)

Grant date share price (cents)

100%

0.17%

1

8

7.7

100%

0.11%

3

15

11.5

100%

0.11%

3

25

11.5

101%

0.12%

2.7

20

22

101%

0.12%

2.7

25

22

The main purpose of these financial instruments is to raise finance for the Group’s operations. The Group has various other 
financial liabilities such as trade payables, which arise directly from its operations. It is, and has been throughout the year 
under review, the Group’s policy that no trading in financial instruments shall be undertaken. The main risks arising from the 
Group’s financial instruments are cash flow interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and credit risk. The Board reviews and agrees 
policies for managing each of these risks and they are summarised below.

(a) Interest rate risk

The Group’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Group’s short–term deposits with 
a floating interest rate.

The Group’s exposure to interest rate on financial assets and financial liabilities is detailed in the sensitivity analysis section 
of this note.

Vesting date

2–Oct–20

20–Nov–20

20–Nov–20

25–Feb–21

25–Feb–21

(b) Sensitivity analysis

The expected life of the options is based on historical data and is not necessarily indicative of exercise patterns that may 
occur. The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility is indicative of future trends, which may also 
not necessarily be the actual outcome.

Performance Rights

Movement in number of Performance Shares and Performance Rights for the years ended:

Security Description

$0.08 Options

Balance at  
start of year

Granted by  
the Company

Converted 
 or expired

Balance at  
end of year

30 June 2022

30 June 2021

30–Sep–21

–

30–Sep–21

41,553,593

–

–

–

(41,553,593)

–

–

1.  30,303,593 performance rights converted into ordinary shares upon achievement of designated performance hurdles and 11,250,000 

performance rights expired. 

15. Remuneration of auditors

Audit or review of the financial reports of the company

Amounts received & receivable by the auditor:

Audit services – PKF Brisbane Audit

Audit services – HLB Mann Judd

Audit services – Withum Smith & Brown (US auditor)

Other services – Withum Smith & Brown (US auditor)

Consolidated

2022 
$

2021 
$

85,000

23,138

357,208

–

465,346

43,000

–

287,975

330,975

Withum Smith & Brown, PC were appointed auditors in the US in preparation for listing the Company’s securities in the US. 
During the year the work carried out involved the PCAOB compliant audit of the financial statements, along with advisory 
work in relation to the listing of securities. 

During 2022, if interest rates had been 50 basis points higher or lower than the prevailing rates realised, with all other 
variables held constant, there would have been an immaterial change in post–tax result for the year. The impact on equity 
would have been the same.

(c) Net fair values 

The net fair value of cash and cash equivalents and non–interest bearing monetary financial assets and liabilities 
approximates their carrying value.

(d) Commodity price risk 

The Group’s exposure to price risk is minimal.

(e) Credit risk 

There are no significant concentrations of credit risk within the Group.

With respect to credit risk arising from the other financial assets of the Group, which comprise cash and cash equivalents, 
available–for–sale financial assets and certain derivative instruments, the Group’s exposure to credit risk arises from default 
of the counter party, with a maximum exposure equal to the carrying amount of these instruments.

Since the Group trades only with recognized third parties, there is no requirement for collateral.

(f) Liquidity risk

The Group’s objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility through the use of share issues 
and convertible notes.

The Group’s contractual liabilities at 30 June 2022 were as follows:

Description 

Consolidated 

Payables & accruals

Less than  
1 month 
$

1 to 3 
 months 
$

3 months  
to 1 year 
$

1 to 5 
 years 
$

Total 
$

1,828,527

1,828,527

–

–

–

–

–

–

1,828,527

1,828,527

90

91

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedThe Group’s contractual liabilities at 30 June 2021 were as follows:

Key management personnel compensation

Description  

Consolidated

Payables & accruals

(g) Capital Management

Less than  
1 month 
$

 1 to 3 
 months 
$

3 months  
to 1 year 
$

1 to 5 
 years 
$

Total 
$

614,834

614,834

–

–

–

–

–

–

614,834

614,834

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, so that it may 
continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Due to the nature of the Group’s activities, 
it does not have ready access to credit facilities and therefore is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements, 
with the primary source of Group funding being equity raisings. Accordingly, the objective of the Group’s capital risk 
management is to balance the current working capital position against the requirements to meet research and development 
programmes and corporate overheads. This is achieved by maintaining appropriate liquidity to meet anticipated operating 
requirements, with a view to initiating fund raisings as required.

17. Commitments and contingencies
Lease commitments 

The Group holds three commercial leases for its office premises in Melbourne, Sydney and Perth, Australia. All of these 
leases had terms of 12 months from the commencement date of the lease. The lease payment are therefore recognized on a 
straight line basis over the lease term.

Other commitments

The Group entered into an arrangement with Monash University (“Monash”) on 23 November 2020, whereby Monash will 
provide Research Trials in relation to Psi–GAD–1 over a 3–year period. The agreement sets out the scope of the Trials to be 
conducted, and the cost to the Group, of which 50% was paid on commencement of the agreement

18. Key Management Personnel compensation and related party disclosure
The Key Management Personnel of Incannex Healthcare Limited during the year were:

•  Troy Valentine

•  Peter Widdows 

•  Joel Latham 

•  Sud Agarwal (resigned 28 June 2022)

•  George Anastassov (appointed 28 June 2022)

Short–term employee benefits

Post–employment benefits

Share based payments

Total KMP compensation

Transactions with related entities

2022 
$

1,333,992

47,547

1,028,634

2,410,173

2021 
$

761,231

38,877

672,699

1,472,807

Transactions between related parties are on commercial terms and conditions, no more favourable than those available to 
other parties unless otherwise stated.

During the year, $407,824 (2021: $97,976) in fees were paid to Alignment Capital Pty Ltd (“Alignment”), an entity in which  
Mr Valentine is a director. Alignment was engaged by the Company to manage the exercise of IHLOB options program. 

19. Details of the controlled entities
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Incannex Healthcare Limited (‘IHL’) and its wholly 
owned subsidiaries Incannex Pty Ltd (‘IXPL’) and Psychennex Pty Ltd (‘PXPL’). IXPL is incorporated in Australia and IHL owns 
100% of the issued ordinary shares in IXPL (2021: 100%). PXPL is incorporated in Australia and IHL owns 100% of the issued 
ordinary shares in PXPL (2021: 100%).

20. Events Subsequent to Reporting Date 
On 17 August 2022, the company appointed Robert Bruce Clark to the board as a non–executive Director.

On 5 August 2022, the Company completed the acquisition on APIRx Pharmaceuticals via the issuance of 218,169,497 IHL 
ordinary shares to the stakeholders of APIRx in an all–scrip transaction. As substantially all of the fair value of the assets 
acquired in the transaction relates to intangible assets (e.g., patents, trademarks, active clinical and pre-clinical research and 
development projects), the transaction has been determined to be an asset acquisition and not a business combination. 

On 5 August 2022, the Company issued shares and options to Ryba LLC post year end pursuant to the mandate executed 
between the companies in November 2021. As the transaction between the Company and APIRx was deemed complete on  
4 August 2022 the shares and options were issued.

No further significant events have occurred since the end of the financial year.

92

93

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited21. Parent entity disclosures
The individual financial statements for the parent entity show the following aggregate amounts. 

Statement of financial position

Financial Position

Current assets

Non–current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities

Non–current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Issued capital

Reserves

Accumulated losses

Shareholders’ equity

Contingencies of the Parent Entity

There are no contingent liabilities involving the parent entity (2021: Nil).

Guarantees of the Parent Entity

There are no guarantees involving the parent entity (2021: Nil)

2022 
$

2021 
$

37,559,819

9,222,528

–

–

37,559,819

9,222,528

(1,078,404)

(668,527)

–

–

(1,078,404)

(668,527)

36,481,415

8,554,001

86,586,794

45,852,107

8,077,191

6,612,641

(58,182,570)

(43,910,747)

36,481,415

8,554,001

22. Restatement of financial statements
It was identified in the current period that the accounting for share options issued to consultants and advisors as  
share-based payments during the year 30 June 2021 were recorded using the incorrect vesting dates. As such, this was an 
error in the financial report for the year ended 30 June 2021. Details of the restated accounts appear below:

Statement of Financial Position

Assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Total liabilities

Net Assets

Equity

Issued capital

Reserves

Accumulated losses

Total Equity

Statement of Comprehensive Income

Advertising and promotion

Loss before tax

Net loss for the period

Reported at  
30 June 2021 
$

Effect of error  
$

Restated  
30 June 2021 
$

9,328,795

755,049

8,573,746

–

–

–

9,328,795

755,049

8,573,746

45,938,576

(86,469)

45,852,107

3,316,963

3,295,678

6,612,641

(40,681,793)

(3,209,209)

(43,891,002)

8,573,746

–

8,573,746

Reported at  
30 June 2021 
$

Effect of error 
$

Restated  
30 June 2021 
$

(1,136,666)

(3,209,208)

(4,345,874)

(8,163,590)

(3,209,208)

(11,372,799)

(8,163,590)

(3,209,208)

(11,372,799)

Total comprehensive loss for the period

(8,163,590)

(3,209,208)

(11,372,799)

Earnings per share

Basic loss per share (cents per share)

Diluted loss per share (cents per share)

(0.83)

(0.83)

(0.33)

(0.33)

(1.16)

(1.16)

94

95

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedAuditor’s Independence Report

Directors’ Declaration
1.  In the opinion of the Directors:

a.  the accompanying financial statements, notes and additional disclosures are in accordance with the Corporations Act 

2001 including:
i.  giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 30 June 2022 and of its performance for the year 

then ended; and 

ii.  complying with Accounting Standards and Corporations Regulations 2001; and

b.  there are reasonable grounds to believe the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due 

and payable.

c.  the financial statements and notes thereto are in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards issued 

by the International Accounting Standards Board. 

2.  This declaration has been made after receiving the declarations required to be made to the Directors in accordance with 

Section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001 for the financial year ended 30 June 2022.

This declaration is signed in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors.

Troy Valentine
Chairman 

Melbourne, Victoria 
19/09/2022

96

97

  INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF INCANNEX HEALTHCARE LTD    Report on the Financial Report Opinion We have audited the accompanying financial report of Incannex Healthcare Ltd (the company), which com-prises the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2022, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, notes comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, and the directors’ declaration of the company and the consolidated entity comprising the company and the entities it controlled at the year’s end or from time to time during the financial year.  In our opinion the financial report of Incannex Healthcare Ltd is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including:  a) Giving a true and fair view of the consolidated entity’s financial position as at 30 June 2022 and of its performance for the year ended on that date; and  b) Complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001.  Basis for Opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report section of our report.  We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.   Independence We are independent of the consolidated entity in accordance with the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence Standards) (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code.  Key Audit Matters Key audit matter is the matter that, in our professional judgement, was of most significance in our audit of the financial report of the current period. This matter was addressed in the context of our audit of the financial report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on this matter. For each matter below, our description of how our audit addressed the matter is provided in that context.       Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited98

99

   1. Valuation of share-based payments  Why significant  How our audit addressed the key audit matter During the year ended 30 June 2022, the company is-sued options and shares (“securities”) to employees in-cluding key management personnel, which were ac-counted for as share-based payments under AASB 2: Share-based Payment. Equity In-strument No. Issued Fair Value $ Expensed during FY22 $ Options 10,000,000 2,371,867 529,386 Shares 10,000,000 3,588,000 844,146  20,000,000 5,959,867 1,373,532  In addition, a further $4,614,910 exists representing the balance of the fair value of securities issued as share based payments that are unrecognised as at 30 June 2022. The value of these securities has not yet been recognised as the balance represents the unamortised value of securities issued that are being recognised over the vesting period.  Total share-based payment expense for the year, includ-ing expense recognised in relation to securities issued as share-based payments in prior years, totalled $1,464,550. This is a key audit matter because 1. the company valued the options using the Black Scholes model, where inputs such as volatility and risk-free rate require judgement. 2. The significance of the share-based payment ex-pense to the company’s financial performance. 3. the level of unamortised value of securities issued that will be expensed over future reporting periods.  Refer to Notes 1, 2, 13 and 14 to the financial report for a description of the accounting policy, significant esti-mates and judgements applied, and other details in re-lation to share-based payments.   Our audit procedures included but were not limited to: • Obtaining an understanding of the key terms and conditions of the options and shares by in-specting relevant supporting documentation. • Assessing the competence and qualifications of management’s expert. • Assessed the reasonableness of key inputs into the valuation model used by the expert engaged by management. • Recalculating the estimated fair value of the op-tions using the Black Scholes option valuation methodology. • Testing the accuracy of the amortisation of share-based payments over the vesting period and the recording of an expense in the state-ment of profit or loss and an increment to the share-based payment reserve (options) or is-sued capital (shares). • Reviewing the adequacy of the company’s dis-closures in respect of the accounting treatment of share-based payments in the financial state-ments, including the significant judgments in-volved, and the accounting policy adopted.      Other Information The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in-cluded in the consolidated entity’s Annual Report, but does not include the financial report and our auditor’s report thereon.  Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial report, or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.   Directors’ Responsibilities for the Financial Report The Directors of the company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  In preparing the financial report, the Directors are responsible for assessing the consolidated entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the consolidated entity or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accord-ance with Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstate-ments can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of this financial report. As part of an audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:  • Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial report, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement result-ing from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.  • Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the consolidated entity’s internal control.  • Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the Directors.  • Conclude on the appropriateness of the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the consolidated entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial report or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited100

101

 conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the consolidated entity to cease to continue as a going concern.  • Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial report, including the disclosures, and whether the financial report represents the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.  • Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the consolidated entity to express an opinion on the group financial report. We are respon-sible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.   We communicate with the Directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.   We also provide the Directors with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reason-ably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, actions taken to eliminate threats or safeguards applied.   From the matters communicated with the Directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial report of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.  Report on the Remuneration Report We have audited the Remuneration Report included in the directors’ report for the year ended 30 June 2022. The Directors of the company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Re-port in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards.   Opinion In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Incannex Healthcare Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2022 complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.     PKF BRISBANE AUDIT     LIAM MURPHY PARTNER  BRISBANE 19 September 2022  Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedCorporate 
Governance 
Statement

Incannex Healthcare’s governance practices guide the Company 
and its controlled entities’ activities and decision-making to ensure 
the Company meets stakeholder expectations of sound corporate 
governance and continuous improvement in company performance.

This Corporate Governance statement reviews the Company’s corporate 
governance practices against the ASX Corporate Governance Principles 
and Recommendations – 4th Edition (Corporate Governance Principles). 
All these practices, unless otherwise stated, were in place as at  
24 January 2022.

Incannex Healthcare Limited

102

Incannex Healthcare Limited

103

The Corporate Governance Principles are as follows:

Principle 1:

Lay solid foundations for management 
and oversight

Principle 2:

Structure the board to be effective and 
add value

Principle 3:

Instil a culture of acting lawfully, ethically 
and responsibly

Principle 4:

Safeguard the integrity of corporate 
reports

Principle 5:

Make timely and balanced disclosure

Principle 6:

Respect the rights of security holders

Principle 7:

Recognize and manage risk

Principle 8:

Remunerate fairly and responsibly

Given the differences in size, complexity, history and culture 
of listed companies, the Corporate Governance Principles 
adopt an “if not, why not” approach to compliance and 
disclosure, requiring companies to explain the reasons for 
any departure from the Corporate Governance Principles 
recommendations. These explanations are included in 
section 9 of this statement.

Specific corporate governance policies of the Group are 
detailed on the Company’s investor website under the 
‘Investor Centre’ tab, at https://www.incannex.com.au/
investors/. In this statement Incannex Healthcare and its 
controlled entities together are referred to as the “Group” 
or “Company”.

Principle 1:  
Lay Solid Foundations for 
Management And Oversight

1.1 Board Charter and roles and responsibilities

The Board has adopted a Board Charter establishing 
corporate governance roles and responsibilities within 
the Group.

Under its Charter, the Board is ultimately responsible to 
the Company’s shareholders for all matters related to the 
running of the Company. The Board’s role is to govern the 
Company rather than to manage it, with the role of Senior 
Executives and Management to manage the company in 
accordance with the direction and delegations of the Board.

In general, the Board is responsible for overseeing all 
policies, practices, management, and operations of the 
Company, including corporate reporting systems, risk 
management, remuneration frameworks, governance issues, 
succession planning, and stakeholder communications. 
The Board also takes decisions regarding matters of 
fundamental importance to the Group.

The Board’s focus is to enhance the interests of 
shareholders and other key stakeholders and to ensure 
the Group is properly managed. Management is directly 
accountable to the Board to deliver timely, accurate, 
and relevant information to enable the Board to perform 
its responsibilities. Management is also responsible for 
operating within the relevant directives and the risk appetite 
established by the Board whilst supporting the Managing 
Director in executing day-to- day operations.

The respective roles and responsibilities of the 
Board include:

•  providing strategic guidance to the Group, including 

contributing to the development of and approving the 
corporate strategy reviewing and approving business 
plans, the budget, financial plans, and major capital 
expenditure initiatives

•  overseeing and monitoring:

a)  organisational performance and the achievement 
of the Group’s strategic goals and objectives

b)  progress of major capital expenditures and other 
significant corporate projects including any 
acquisitions or divestments or clinical trials

c)  financial performance including approval of the 

1. Responsibilities

annual and half-year financial reports and liaison 
with the Group’s auditors; and

d)  effectiveness of the Group’s governance policies 

and procedures

•  appointment, performance assessment and, if 
necessary, removal of the Managing Director

•  ratifying the appointment and/or removal and 

contributing to the performance assessment of 
members of the Senior Executive team including the 
CFO, Chief Operating Officer and Company Secretary

•  ensuring there are effective management processes 
in place and approving major corporate initiatives 
enhancing and protecting the reputation of the Group

•  overseeing the operation of the Group’s system 
for compliance and risk management reporting 
to shareholders

•  ensuring appropriate resources are available to the 

Senior Executive

Incannex Healthcare Limited ABN 93 096 635 246 is 
committed to:

(a)  complying with its disclosure obligations under the 

Corporations Act and ASX Listing Rules;

(b)  the promotion or investor confidence by ensuring that 
all investors have equal and timely access to material 
information concerning the Company, including 
material information about its financial position, 
performance, ownership and governance; and

(c)  providing announcements that are accurate, balanced 

and expressed in a clear and objective manner.

The purpose of this policy is to:

(a)  raise awareness of the Company’s obligations under 

the continuous disclosure regime;

(b)  establish a process to ensure that information about 
the Company which may be market sensitive, and 
which may require disclosure is brought to the 
attention of the relevant person in a timely manner 
and is kept confidential; and

(c)  sets outs obligations of Directors, officers, employees 

and contractors of the Company to ensure that 
the Company complies with its continuous 
disclosure obligations.

Compliance with this policy does not obviate the need for 
the Company to comply with ‘Annual Report Disclosure’.

1.1 Executive Management

(a)  Understand the continuous disclosure regulations; 

and Report potentially material information 
immediately to either the Company Secretary, the 
Managing Director or the Chair.

1.2 Company Secretary

(a)  Liaise with the Managing Director and/or Chair on 
information supplied to determine if it needs to be 
disclosed under continuous disclosure regulations; 
and

(b)  Report the material information to the market.

2. Policy

(a)  Executive Management will make themselves aware 
of the continuous disclosure regulations in the ASX 
Listing Rules.

(b)  In the event that any member of management 

becomes aware of any fact or circumstance which 
may give rise to a requirement to disclose such 
information under the ASX Listing Rules, they will 
immediately inform either the Company Secretary, the 
Managing Director or the Chair.

(c)  Prior to disclosure, the Company Secretary, in 

conjunction with the Managing Director and/or the 
Chair, will review the information to enable a judgement 
as to the appropriate disclosure to be made.

(d)  If there is uncertainty over the requirement to comply 

with the continual disclosure requirements, then the 
Company will seek external legal advice.

(e)  The Company, through the Company Secretary, will 

notify the market of any information it is determined is 
required to be disclosed.

(f)  In accordance with ASX Listing Rules, the Company 
will immediately notify the market of information:

(i)  concerning the Company that a reasonable person 
would expect to have a material effect on the price 
or value of the Company’s securities;

(ii)  that would, or would be likely to, influence persons 
who commonly invest in securities in deciding 
whether to acquire or dispose of the Company’s 
securities; and

(iii) The only exception to this is where the ASX 

Listing Rules do not require such information to 
be disclosed.

(g)  The Board must receive a copy of all material ASX 

announcements promptly after they have been made.

104

105

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare Limited2.2 Internal notification and decision-making 
concerning the disclosure obligation

The Board has designated the Company Secretary as 
the person responsible for overseeing and coordinating 
disclosure of information to the market as well as 
communicating with the relevant authorities. The 
Company Secretary will be responsible for ensuring 
that Company announcements are made in a timely 
manner and will establish a vetting procedure to ensure 
that the announcements are factual and do not omit any 
material information.

The Company Secretary will also ensure that Company 
announcements are expressed in a clear and objective 
manner that allows investors to assess the impact of the 
information when making investment decisions.

To assist the Company Secretary, fulfil the Company’s 
disclosure requirements, executive staff are responsible 
for immediately communicating to the Company Secretary 
any possible continuous disclosure matter concerning the 
operations of the Company. Executive staff are responsible 
for ensuring that the information is provided to the Company 
Secretary as soon as they become aware of it and that 
it is factual and does not omit any material information. 
Executive staff will promptly respond to requests from the 
Company Secretary for further information concerning the 
possible continuous disclosure matter.

The Company Secretary, after consultation with the Chair 
and Managing Director, determines whether information 
should be disclosed to the market.

Before an announcement is released to ASX, the Company 
must ensure:

(a)  the Company Secretary has completed its review 

process; and

(b)  the announcement has been circulated to the Board 

for review; and

(c)  the Board has authorised the release of the 

announcement in writing.

2.3 Promoting and monitoring compliance

The Company has a Continuous Disclosure Committee, 
comprising the following:

(a)  Company Secretary;

(b)  General Counsel;

(c)  Managing Director; and

(d)  The Chair and Non-Executive Directors will form part 

of the Committee for major announcements

The purpose of the Continuous Disclosure Committee is 
to promote and monitor compliance with the Company’s 
continuous disclosure obligations and to ensure that 
all employees are aware of this policy. In addition, the 
Continuous Disclosure Committee is responsible for 
ensuring that all staff are aware of the type of information 
that needs to be communicated and their obligation to 
communicate to the Company Secretary any possible 
continuous disclosure matter.

A meeting of the Committee may be convened from time to 
time to consider particular continuous disclosure issues.

On a daily basis, the Company Secretary is charged with 
monitoring compliance with this policy. As part of that 
monitoring, all major announcements to the market will 
be reviewed for compliance with this policy. All public 
announcements will also be audited for compliance. These 
compliance reviews will be reported to the Continuous 
Disclosure Committee as part of their regular review of 
compliance. Any possible non-compliance will be reported 
to the Board at its next meeting. The Company Secretary 
must notify both the Chair and the Managing Director at 
the earliest opportunity if they believe that a false market in 
the Company’s securities either exists or has the possibility 
to exist.

2.4 Measures for seeking to avoid the emergence of 
a false market in the Company’s securities

The Company recognizes that a false market in the 
Company’s securities may result if the Company provides 
incomplete information to the market or if the Company 
fails to respond to market and media speculation that 
may, or may be likely to, have an impact on the price of the 
Company’s securities.

While the Company does not, in general, respond to market 
speculation or rumours unless required to do so by law 
or other relevant bodies, the Company is committed to 
disclosing as much information as possible, without harming 
the Company, to a wide audience of investors through media 
releases of important milestones, including information that 
may not strictly be required under continuous disclosure 
requirements. Information given to the market will also be 
provided to investors through media releases.

Where appropriate, the Company will request a trading 
halt to prevent trading in the Company’s securities by an 
inefficient and uninformed market until the Company can 
make an announcement to the market.

2.5 Safeguarding confidentiality of corporate 
information to avoid premature disclosure

All employees are advised of the confidentiality of 
Company information. In addition, the Company imposes 
communication blackout periods for financial information 
between the end of financial reporting periods and the 
announcement of results to the market. To protect against 
inadvertent disclosure of price sensitive information, the 
Company does not hold meetings or briefings to discuss 
financial information with individual investors, institutional 
investors, analysts or media representatives during the 
communication blackout periods, unless such meetings 
or briefings are the subject of a specific announcement to 
the market.

2.6 Media contact and comment

The Board has designated the Managing Director or the 
Chair (where appropriate) to speak to the press on matters 
associated with the Company. In speaking to the press, the 
Managing Director or the Chair will not comment on price 
sensitive information that has not already been disclosed 
to the market, however, they may clarify previously 
released information. To assist in safeguarding against the 
inadvertent disclosure of price sensitive information, the 
Managing Director or the Chair will be informed of what the 
Company has previously disclosed to the market on any 
issue prior to briefing anyone outside the Company.

Subject to the policies of the Board and any committee 
that the Board may appoint from time to time, the Chair is 
authorised to comment on:

(a)  annual and half yearly results at the time of the 
release of the annual or half yearly report;

(b)  resolutions to be put to General Meetings of 

the Company;

(c)  changes in Directors, any matter related to the 
composition of the Board or Board processes;

(d)  any speculation concerning Board meetings or the 

outcomes of Board meetings; and

(e)  other matters specifically related to shareholders.

Subject to the policies of the Board and any committee that 
the Board may appoint from time to time, the Managing 
Director is authorised to comment on:

(a)  the Company’s future outlook;

(b)  any operational matter;

(c)  media queries concerning operational issues which 

reflect either positively or negatively on the Company;

(d)  proposed or actual legal actions; and

(e)  queries and general discussion concerning the 

Company’s industry.

There will be times when Directors and employees will be 
approached by the media for public comment. On such 
occasions, the Director(s) or employee(s) should comply 
with the following:

(a)  refer the person to the Managing Director or the Chair 

of the Board as appropriate for comment;

(b)  refrain from disclosing any information, documents 

or other forms of data to the person without the prior 
consent of the Managing Director or the Chair of the 
Board; and

(c)  report the person who contacted the Director/

employee, the reason (explicit or inferred) for the 
contact and a summary of any other relevant 
information as soon as possible to the Managing 
Director or the Chair.

2.7 External communications including analyst 
briefings and responses to shareholder questions

The Company discloses its financial and operational 
results to the market each year/half year/quarter as well as 
informing the market of other events throughout the year as 
they occur. Quarterly financial reports, media releases and 
AGM speeches are all lodged with the relevant authority. As 
all financial information is disclosed, the Company will only 
comment on factual errors in information and underlying 
assumptions when commenting on market analysts’ 
financial projections, rather than commenting on the 
projections themselves.

In addition to the above disclosures, the Company does 
conduct briefings and discussions with analysts and 
institutional investors. However, price sensitive information 
will not be discussed unless that particular information has 
been formally disclosed to the market via an announcement. 
Slides and investor presentations used in briefings will also 
be released immediately prior to the briefing to the market.

After the conclusion of each briefing or discussion, it will 
be reviewed to determine whether any price sensitive 
information has been inadvertently disclosed. If any price 
sensitive information was disclosed, it will be announced 
immediately to the market.

Similarly, when answering shareholder questions, price 
sensitive information will not be discussed unless that 
particular information has been formally disclosed to the 
market via an announcement.

Where a question can only be answered by disclosing price 
sensitive information, the Company will decline to answer 
it or take it on notice and announce the information to the 
market prior to responding.

106

107

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedIf any new price sensitive information is to be used in 
briefing media, institutional investors and analysts or in 
answering shareholder queries, written materials containing 
such information will be lodged with the relevant authority 
prior to the briefing commencing. These briefing materials 
may also include information that may not strictly be 
required under continuous disclosure requirements.

Where practicable the Company will also make available 
the opportunity for shareholders to participate in new and 
substantive investor presentations by dial-in or live-stream 
or by uploading a transcript or recording of the presentation 
to ASX subsequently. The Company is not required to make 
available presentations that do not contain new market 
sensitive information.

This policy will form a component of the induction process 
for all new employees.

The Company is committed to the full and accurate 
reporting of its financial results. Consequently, when 
complying with its periodic disclosure requirements, the 
Company will provide commentary on its financial results. 
The purpose of the commentary will be to clarify and 
balance the information in the financial results.

This commentary will be delivered in a manner that is 
neutral, free from any bias and easy to understand. This 
may involve the provision of both positive and negative 
information about the Company that the Company believes 
is necessary to keep investors fully informed.

The Company respects the rights of its shareholders and to 
facilitate the effective exercise of those rights the Company 
is committed to:

(a)  communicating effectively with shareholders;

(b)  giving shareholders ready access to balanced and 

understandable information about the Company and 
corporate proposals; and

“Substantive” presentations include results presentations 
and the types of presentations given at annual general 
meetings, investor days or broker conferences.

2.9 Provision of Information to the Board

The Company Secretary is to ensure that a copy of all 
material market announcements is to be circulated to the 
Board as soon as is practicable after its release.

2.10 Company website

The Company provides general information about the 
Company and its operations, details of the Company’s 
corporate governance policies and procedures and 
information specifically targeted at keeping the Company’s 
shareholders informed about the Company on its website.

In particular, where appropriate, after confirmation of receipt 
by the relevant authority, the following will be posted to 
the website:

(a)  relevant announcements made to the market;

(b)  media releases;

(c)  making it easy for shareholders to participate in 

(c)  information provided to analysts or the media 

general meetings of the Company.

during briefings;

2.8 Provision of information

material;

(d)  the full text of notices of meeting and explanatory 

The Company will communicate with shareholders in three 
main ways:

(e)  information related to general meetings, including the 

Chair’s address, speeches and voting results;

(a)  through ASX releases to the market;

(b)  through information provided directly to shareholders 

at general meetings of the Company; and

(c)  other market releases.

It is the Company’s policy to comply with its continuous 
and periodic disclosure obligations. In accordance with the 
Company’s continuous disclosure policy, unless exempted 
by the ASX Listing Rules, the Company will immediately 
notify the market of information:

(a)  concerning the Company that a reasonable person 

would expect to have a material effect on the price or 
value of the Company’s securities; and

(b)  that would, or would be likely to, influence persons 

who commonly invest in securities in deciding whether 
to acquire or dispose of the Company’s securities.

(f)  copies of press releases and announcements for the 

preceding year; and

(g)  copies of annual and half-yearly reports including 

financial statements for the preceding year.

Where possible, the website will also be used for web-
casting or teleconferencing analyst and media briefings 
as well as general meetings of the Company. Where the 
Company does webcast the preceding events, and even 
where it is not possible to do so, a transcript or summary of 
the information discussed will be posted to the website.

2.11 Direct communications with shareholders

Throughout the year it may be appropriate for the Company 
to directly communicate with shareholders. For example, to 
give shareholders notice of general meetings or to update 
shareholders by way of a Chair’s letter.

In relation to information that is directly communicated 
to shareholders, all shareholders have the right to elect 
to receive all such information by post, facsimile or 
electronic mail.

2.12 Meetings of the Company

In preparing for general meetings of the Company, the 
Company will draft the notice of meeting and related 
explanatory information so that they provide all of the 
information that is relevant to shareholders in making 
decisions on matters to be voted on by them at the meeting. 
This information will be presented clearly and concisely so 
that it is easy to understand and not ambiguous.

The Company will use general meetings as a tool to 
effectively communicate with shareholders and allow 
shareholders a reasonable opportunity to ask questions 
of the Board of Directors and to otherwise participate in 
the meeting.

The external auditor of the Company will be asked to attend 
each annual general meeting and to be available to answer 
shareholder questions about the conduct of the audit and 
the preparation and content of the auditor’s report.

2.13 Other information

While the Company aims to provide sufficient information 
to shareholders about the Company and its activities, 
it understands that shareholders may have specific 
questions and require additional information. To ensure 
that shareholders can obtain all relevant information to 
assist them in exercising their rights as shareholders, the 
Company will make available a telephone number and email 
address for shareholders to make their enquiries.

2.14 Investor Presentations

Where a new and substantive investor or analyst 
presentation is to be given, the Company will release a 
copy of the presentation materials on the ASX market 
announcements platform ahead of the presentation.

3. Review

This policy will be reviewed annually be the Board to 
ensure it is operating effectively and determine whether any 
amendments are required.

108

109

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedSecurities Exchange Information 

Additional information required by the ASX Limited Listing Rules, and not disclosed elsewhere in this report.

Shareholdings

No individual shareholder is recorded as being a substantial 
shareholder (>5% of the Company’s ordinary share capital).

Class of Shares and Voting Rights

The voting rights attached to the Fully Paid Ordinary shares 
of the Company are:

a.  at a meeting of members or classes of members each 

member entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy 
or by attorney; and

b.  on a show of hands every person present who is a 
member has one vote, and on a poll every person 
present in person or by proxy or attorney has one vote 
for each ordinary share held.

Options do not carry any voting rights.

Twenty Largest Shareholders (as at 22 August 2022)

Position

Holder Name

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

HSBC CUSTODY NOMINEES (AUSTRALIA) LIMITED

DR SUDHANSHU AGARWAL

GEORGE ANASTASSOV

PRASCH BV

CANNVALATE PTY LTD

MR RAYMOND LAURENCE CARROLL

MR JOEL BRADLEY LATHAM

BROWNARROWS PTY LTD 

J P MORGAN NOMINEES AUSTRALIA PTY LIMITED

NATIONAL NOMINEES LIMITED

MR PETER WIDDOWS

IMI LLC

BAGBO PTY LTD

GEMINI CAPITALL LLC 

ALIGNMENT CAPITAL PTY LTD

RYBA LLC

MR BRIAN PETER BYASS

MR KAIDE WANG

ERIC HOCHI KIM

CIPATER PTY LTD

Holding

76,046,581

75,303,093

66,972,077

63,954,841

32,000,000

30,000,000

23,748,414

21,615,707

20,699,995

17,332,787

15,973,694

14,642,234

14,516,434

13,787,086

13,194,248

13,090,170

13,062,500

12,699,699

12,216,405

12,206,477

% IC

4.99%

4.94%

4.40%

4.20%

2.10%

1.97%

1.56%

1.42%

1.36%

1.14%

1.05%

0.96%

0.95%

0.90%

0.87%

0.86%

0.86%

0.83%

0.80%

0.80%

Total

563,062,442

36.96%

Distribution of Shareholders (as at 22 August 2022)

Holding Ranges

Holders

Total Units % Issued Share Capital

above 0 up to and including 1,000

above 1,000 up to and including 5,000

above 5,000 up to and including 10,000

above 10,000 up to and including 100,000

above 100,000

Totals

648

4,308

1,991

4,148

1,302

420,167

11,832,722

15,091,242

136,237,493

1,207,817,874

12,397

1,371,399,498

0.03%

0.86%

1.10%

9.93%

88.07%

100.00%

There were 1,492 shareholders holding less than a marketable parcel (less than 1,639 shares at $ 0.305) at 22 August 2022 – 
a total of 1,523,934 shares.

There is no current on-market buy back taking place.

During the reporting year the Company used its cash and assets in a manner consistent with its business objectives.

The Company had the following unlisted equity securities on issue as at 22 August 2022:

Class

All classes of OPTIONS

Number

91,994,386

110

111

Incannex Healthcare LimitedIncannex Healthcare LimitedThe potential 
is limitless

incannex.com.au