Independent Bank
Annual Report 2016

Plain-text annual report

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT AND CEO Dear Shareholders: 2016 PERFORMANCE As we look back on 2016, I am pleased with the year-over-year improvement in our operating results as we continue to focus on increasing shareholder value. We are reporting double digit increases in net income and earnings per share, good growth in loans and deposits, solid credit quality metrics, and strong capital ratios. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company reported net income of $22.8 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, compared to net income of $20.0 million, or $0.86 per diluted share, in 2015. Earnings: Striving for Sustained Long-Term Growth Our earnings are a critical component to the valuation of our Company. This past year we achieved a 13.7% increase in net income and a 22.1% increase in diluted earnings per share. For the full year, our return on assets improved to 0.92% from 0.86% while our return on average common shareholders’ equity improved to 9.21% from 7.89% one year ago. At December 31, 2016, our tangible book value per share increased by 3.9% to $11.62, up from $11.18 one year ago. Balance sheet: Diversified, Liquid, and Asset Sensitive Our balance sheet continues to show real strength, with a good mix of earning assets, a growing core deposit base, a 72.3% loans-to-deposits ratio and a bias towards rising interest rates (asset sensitive). For the full year, loans grew by $127.8 million, or 8.6% (excluding payment plan receivables). All three loan categories, commercial, mortgage and installment, increased for the second consecutive year. For all of 2016, the commercial team generated $288.8 million of new commitments growing our commercial loan portfolio by $55.6 million, or 7.4%. Overall, we continue to have a nice mix of new business by region and by segment, and improved operating leverage for the commercial banking group. Our mortgage team originated $428.2 million of loans and we sold $314.0 million during 2016. This compares favorably to 2015, when we originated $336.6 million and had sales of $281.5 million. This represents a 27.2% increase in originations and an 11.5% increase in sales. For all of 2016, portfolio mortgages increased by $40.6 million, or 8.1%. I am particularly pleased that nearly two-thirds of our 2016 mortgage closings represented purchase money transactions. Our retail banking channels originated $101.8 million in non-real estate loan production for all of 2016 as compared to $90.5 million in 2015. This represents an $11.3 million increase in originations, or 12.5%. The installment category grew this past year by $31.6 million, or 13.5%. Total deposits were $2.23 billion at December 31, 2016, an increase of $139.8 million, or 6.7% since December 31, 2015. The increase in deposits occurred across our geographic markets in retail, commercial and public funds categories. The Company’s deposit base is substantially all core funding with $1.74 billion or 78.2% in transaction accounts. This reflects the significant value of our franchise, with a cost of deposits to total deposits of 0.25% for the fourth quarter of 2016. Credit Quality: Strong Maintaining prudent credit standards will always be a top priority for our Company. Our thirty- to eighty -nine day delinquency rates at December 31, 2016, were zero for commercial loans and 0.66% for mortgage and consumer loans. At year- end 2016, the ratio of non-performing assets to total assets improved to 0.72% from 0.74% one year ago, while our allowance for loan losses was $20.2 million or 1.26% of loans. I am very pleased to see our loan net charge-offs continue to be low. Loan net charge-offs to average portfolio loans for all of 2016 were 0.06% compared to 0.05% in 2015. Capital: Well Capitalized and Prudent Capital Management We are targeting tangible common equity to range between 8.5% and 9.5%. Tangible common equity totaled 9.70% of tangible assets at December 31, 2016, as compared to 10.34% one year ago. Over the last year we have deployed capital organically with $138.4 million or 9.5% growth in average loans and $173.7 million or 8.2% growth in average interest-earning assets. Over this same period, we have returned 106% of our current year earnings through a combination of dividends and share repurchases. During 2016, we repurchased 1.15 million shares. And since the start of 2015, we have repurchased 2.12 million of our shares. 02 Other Matters: Continued Focus on Community Banking In December of 2016, we signed an agreement to sell the majority of the assets and the payment processing business of Mepco Finance Corporation, our Chicago-based subsidiary. Mepco had become a non-strategic asset during the last few years, and we believe this divestiture will allow us to completely focus on our community banking business. We expect to close on this transaction during the first half of 2017. In the later part of last year, we made a significant investment in our mortgage banking business. This effort included the adding of approximately fifty new associates and the opening of five new loan production offices. These offices are located in Ann Arbor, Brighton, Traverse City and Troy, Michigan and in Columbus, Ohio. In 2017, we have opened additional loan production offices in Dearborn, Michigan and Fairlawn, Ohio. We believe each of these markets provide solid growth opportunities for our Company. We were also very pleased to have Ms. Christina Keller join our Board of Directors in December of 2016. Ms. Keller’s experience working in a leadership role at a global manufacturing company headquartered in West Michigan, her international experience, and educational background, make her an important addition to our Board. COMMUNITY BANKING & OUR MARKETS Macro Environment: Directional Change, from Headwinds to Tailwinds; and Uncertainty There has been a real shift in the macro economic outlook from years past. Today, there exists significant optimism for the banking industry, particularly following the November 2016 elections. The optimism stems from a belief in a more accommodating business environment, rising interest rates, a steepening yield curve, tax reform and regulatory relief. Whether one or more of these factors materializes is yet unknown; however, in the interim, bank stock valuations have priced in some benefit from these potential changes. The growth rate of the US economy, as measured by the year-over-year change in the gross domestic product (GDP), slowed in 2016 to 1.6% as compared to 2.6% in 2015. Inflation as measured by the change in the consumer price index (CPI) increased in 2016 to 1.3% from 0.1% in 2015. And the employment picture improved at the end of 2016, with a national unemployment rate of 4.8%, compared to 5.3% at the end of 2015. Short-term interest rates, as measured by the target federal funds rate, increased to 0.75% at the end of 2016 as compared to 0.50% at the end of 2015. Longer-term interest rates, as measured by the 10-year treasury yield, increased to 2.45% from 2.27% one year earlier. Local Markets: Positive Trends Continue Independent Bank is the fourth largest bank headquartered in the State of Michigan. We operate 63 branches in 21 counties across Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. In addition, we operate 14 loan production offices, generally in markets that we believe to offer strong growth potential. 2016 was the sixth consecutive year that the State reported an increase in payroll jobs and the seventh consecutive year that Michigan’s unemployment rate moved lower. At year end, the Michigan jobless rate was 5.0%, or one-tenth of a percentage point below the State’s December 2015 unemployment rate of 5.1%. Michigan payroll jobs totaled 4.41 million at December 31, 2016, 90,000 jobs higher than one year ago. We also continue to see positive year-over-year trends in home sales, home prices, and housing starts in most of our markets. Commercial real estate occupancy rates in office, industrial and retail are also either stable or trending positive. Today there are a little less than 6,000 banks in the United States and a little over one hundred banks headquartered in the State of Michigan. On average, at the national level, there is one less bank per day for each day of the year. This industry consolidation trend rate is likely to continue. This consolidation of the banking industry is not new and does create significant market disruption, including in many of our Michigan markets. As a competitor in this space, we believe the market disruption assists us in retaining our share of business, but also creates a real opportunity to add new customers and talented staff. 3 OUTLOOK FOR 2017 AND BEYOND We are very bullish on the outlook for 2017 and beyond. As outlined earlier, there is much optimism in the macro economic environment. Michigan continues to reinvent itself and stay relevant in the global marketplace. We continue to believe there exists a real need in the marketplace for community banks and specifically a financial institution like Independent Bank. The IB Brand: Exceptional Service; Community Focus; Trusted Partners; Ease of Use; Competitive Our brand is built around meeting this need. Quite simply it starts and ends with the customer and delivering exceptional service, “we aim to impress every customer, every day, every time.” Therefore, it requires a community focus; we are active members of and serving our community through lending, investing, and giving of our time and talent. This past year a great example was our “Making a Difference Day,” where our entire employee base spent a full day on 65 various service projects assisting the people in our communities. Banking has always required trust; however, in today’s culture, this value cannot be taken for granted, and we take seriously the expectation of all our stakeholders to be trusted partners. At the center of our brand is our culture, specifically a high performance culture. We strive to be the best in everything we do, with high expectations and high results. Over time, our industry has for various reasons opened itself up to criticism; one criticism is making things more complicated than they need to be. Alternatively, we work hard to be easy to do business with, real people, approachable, honest answers, helpful advice and a friendly smile. Finally, all the above elements we look to package and price competitively, with a continuous goal of creating value. Operating Plan We are now operating near our previously established profitability targets, 1.0% return on assets and 10.0% or better return on equity. However, sustaining this level and in fact improving on it each year is our number one goal. Our operating plan going forward continues to be straight forward and very consistent with what I have shared in the past. First, we seek to further improve net interest income through loan growth and altering our interest-earning asset mix from lower yielding investment securities to higher yielding loans. We believe this lever or opportunity still exists as we work towards an 85% to 95% loan-to-deposit ratio. Our recent move to expand our mortgage banking area with loan production offices in higher growth, more densely populated markets directly feeds this objective. In fact, as you may recall, I shared in my 2015 shareholder letter our decision to invest in the industry’s premier mortgage loan origination platform, as we remain committed to mortgage lending, while others in the banking industry were deciding to exit the business. We believe that despite a higher interest rate environment in the forecast, our on-going emphasis on purchase money transactions will serve us well to generate gains and servicing income on saleable loans, in addition to interest income on non-saleable portfolio originations. This expansion effort, combined with continued growth in our existing commercial banking and consumer banking business lines, should provide meaningful opportunities to meet our loan growth targets while maintaining appropriate diversification in our loan portfolios. Second, we will manage expenses through the streamlining of processes, on-going branch optimization efforts, and the outsourcing of specialty areas where cost effective. The combination of revenue growth with controlling expenses will enable us to continue the current positive trend line for our efficiency ratio. Our efficiency ratio has improved four consecutive years, most recently improving from 77.2% in 2015 to 73.7% in 2016, and we are targeting 68.5% in 2017. Longer-term we look to move towards the low 60’s with this important ratio. Third, we will continue in our efforts to grow our core deposit base. We look to accomplish this through our checking acquisition strategies; leveraging our growing commercial and industrial (C&I) loan portfolio; and maintaining and growing our public funds portfolio. While our branch traffic has declined in recent years, we have seen a significant growth for our mobile banking and online banking channels with the roll out of new features and enhancements. Our online banking channel has grown to over 69,000 users, up from 59,000 users three years ago. Over the same time period, our mobile banking channel has increased from 10,000 users to over 34,000 users. We see our mobile and online offerings to be very attractive and gaining in popularity. 4 Fourth, we will emphasize prudent and active enterprise-wide risk management. I am very pleased with the continuous improvement in our risk management practices. From credit risk and market risk, to operational and regulatory risk, we have in place an infrastructure to effectively support our business plans. At the core of any business is its people. Our operating plan is meaningless if we do not retain, invest in and recruit talented people. Going forward, our plans are to continue to build on our existing leadership and mentoring programs, fostering a highly engaged workforce and a focus on continuous improvement. Finally, capital management will continue to be a priority for us. I regularly share our targeted tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio of 8.5% to 9.5%. This range takes into consideration the growth opportunities in front of us, as well as the inherent risks of our balance sheet and longer-term capital needs. Our priorities will be organic growth, followed by a consistent dividend with a payout range of 30% to 50% of earnings; followed by share repurchases in consideration of an acceptable earn back period. Acquired growth on an opportunistic basis will also be considered. Again, this operating plan of accelerating revenue growth, controlling expenses, always seeking to grow our core deposit base, investing in our people, while managing risk and being good stewards of our capital, is very consistent with the plan shared in years past. The key to our ongoing efforts is in sound execution of this plan, which can only be accomplished with great teamwork. I am very proud of the Independent Bank team and have a great deal of confidence in them to successfully execute our plan. CLOSING I encourage you to attend the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Independent Bank Corporation at 3:00 p.m. Eastern Time, on Tuesday, April 25, 2017. For the third consecutive year, and as a convenience to all of our shareholders, we will be conducting our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, virtually, by means of remote communication via the internet. In closing, I would like to acknowledge the commitment and ongoing effort of your Board of Directors, our Bank officers, and all of our Bank associates. Their dedication and service is exemplary, and each is truly making a positive difference in the lives of our customers, our shareholders, and the communities we serve. Sincerely, William B. (Brad) Kessel President and CEO 5 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (dollars in thousands, except per share data) FOR THE YEAR Interest income Interest expense Net interest income Provision for loan losses Net gains on securities Other non-interest income Non-interest expense Income before income tax Income tax expense Net income 2016 2015 CHANGE AMOUNT CHANGE PERCENT $ 86,523 $ 80,842 $ 5,681 7.03 % 6,882 79,641 (1,309) 563 41,735 90,347 32,901 10,135 5,856 74,986 (2,714) 20 40,110 88,450 29,380 9,363 1,026 4,655 1,405 543 1,625 1,897 3,521 772 17.52 6.21 51.77 2,715.00 4.05 2.14 11.98 8.25 $ 22,766 $ 20,017 $ 2,749 13.73 % PER COMMON SHARE DATA Net income per common share Basic Diluted $ 1.06 1.05 Cash dividends declared 0.34 $ 0.88 $ 0.18 20.45 % 0.86 0.26 0.19 0.08 22.09 30.77 AT YEAR END Assets Loans Deposits Interest-earning assets Shareholders’ equity Book value per common share RATIOS Net income to Average common equity Average assets As a percent of average interest-earning assets Interest income Interest expense Net interest income $ 2,548,950 $ 2,409,066 $ 139,884 5.81 % 1,608,248 2,225,719 2,355,744 248,980 11.71 1,515,050 2,085,963 2,187,408 251,092 11.28 93,198 139,756 168,336 (2,112) 0.43 6.15 6.70 7.70 (0.84) 3.81 7.89% 0.86 1.32 % 16.73  % 0.06 6.98 3.86% (0.04)% (1.04 ) % 0.28 3.58 0.02 (0.06) 7.14 (1.68) 9.21% 0.92 3.82% 0.30 3.52 6 Performance Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selected Consolidated Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management’s Discussion and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quarterly Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9 10 33 34 35 40 98 7 PERFORMANCE GRAPH The graph below compares the total returns (assuming reinvestment of dividends) of Independent Bank Corporation common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Bank Stock Index. The graph assumes $100 invested in Independent Bank Corporation common stock (returns based on stock prices per the NASDAQ) and each of the indices on December 31, 2011 and the reinvestment of all dividends during the periods presented. The performance shown on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future performance. Independent Bank Corporation Independent B ank Corporat ion NAS DAQ Compos it e NAS DAQ B ank e u l a V x e d n I $1,800 $1,700 $1,600 $1,500 $1,400 $1,300 $1,200 $1,100 $1,000 $900 $800 $700 $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13 12/31/14 12/31/15 12/31/16 Index Independent Bank Corporation NASDAQ Composite NASDAQ Bank Period Ending 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13 12/31/14 12/31/15 12/31/16 $ 100.00 100.00 100.00 $ 263.16 117.45 134.74 $ 902.26 164.57 184.08 $ 995.79 188.84 205.85 $ 1,183.73 201.98 210.40 $ 1,722.69 219.89 266.24 8 SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA (1) 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) 2015 2013 SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Interest expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gain on branch sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preferred stock discount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income applicable to common stock . . . $ 86,523 $ 6,882 79,641 (1,309) 563 — — 41,735 90,347 32,901 10,135 22,766 $ — — 22,766 $ 80,842 $ 5,856 74,986 (2,714) 20 1,193 — 38,917 88,450 29,380 9,363 20,017 $ — — 20,017 $ 80,555 $ 7,299 73,256 (3,136) 320 — 500 37,955 89,951 25,216 7,195 18,021 $ — — 18,021 $ 2012 99,398 13,143 86,255 6,887 887 5,402 — 57,276 116,735 26,198 — 26,198 87,121 $ 9,162 77,959 (3,988) 369 — — 44,460 104,118 22,658 (54,851) 77,509 $ (3,001) 7,554 82,062 $ (4,347) — 21,851 PER COMMON SHARE DATA Net income per common share Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared and paid . . . . . . . . . . . . Book value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.06 $ 1.05 0.34 11.71 0.88 $ 0.86 0.26 11.28 0.79 $ 0.77 0.18 10.91 5.87 $ 3.55 0.00 10.15 2.51 0.80 0.00 5.58 SELECTED BALANCES Assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,548,950 $2,409,066 $2,248,730 $2,209,943 $2,023,867 1,419,139 1,608,248 Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,275 20,234 1,779,537 2,225,719 Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,975 248,980 Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,622 9,433 Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,175 35,569 Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,409,962 25,990 1,924,302 250,371 12,470 35,569 1,515,050 22,570 2,085,963 251,092 11,954 35,569 1,374,570 32,325 1,884,806 231,581 17,188 40,723 SELECTED RATIOS Net interest income to average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.52% 3.58% 3.67% 4.11% 4.04% Net income to (2) Average common equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average shareholders’ equity to average assets . . Tier 1 capital to average assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing loans to Portfolio Loans . . . . . . 9.21 0.92 9.98 10.50 0.83 7.89 0.86 10.93 10.91 0.71 7.43 0.80 10.83 11.18 1.08 64.22 3.87 8.69 10.61 1.30 68.29 0.92 4.82 8.08 2.32 (1) The significant variations in the results of operations for the five years presented above is a result of a number of factors, including changes in asset quality metrics, our consolidation, closing or sale of 36 branches in 2012, our exit from the Troubled Asset Relief Program in 2013, and a significant income tax benefit realized in 2013. (2) These amounts are calculated using net income applicable to common stock. 9 MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Disclaimer Regarding Forward-Looking Statements. Statements in this report that are not statements of historical fact, including statements that include terms such as ‘‘will,’’ ‘‘may,’’ ‘‘should,’’ ‘‘believe,’’ ‘‘expect,’’ ‘‘forecast,’’ ‘‘anticipate,’’ ‘‘estimate,’’ ‘‘project,’’ ‘‘intend,’’ ‘‘likely,’’ ‘‘optimistic’’ and ‘‘plan’’ and statements about future or projected financial and operating results, plans, projections, objectives, expectations, and intentions, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, descriptions of plans and objectives for future operations, products or services; projections of our future revenue, earnings or other measures of economic performance; forecasts of credit losses and other asset quality trends; statements about our business and growth strategies; and expectations about economic and market conditions and trends. These forward-looking statements express our current expectations, forecasts of future events, or long-term goals. They are based on assumptions, estimates, and forecasts that, although believed to be reasonable, may turn out to be incorrect. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including: • • • • • • • • economic, market, operational, liquidity, credit, and interest rate risks associated with our business; economic conditions generally and in the financial services industry, particularly economic conditions within Michigan and the regional and local real estate markets in which our bank operates; the failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of, and provisions made to, our allowance for loan losses; increased competition in the financial services industry, either nationally or regionally; our ability to achieve loan and deposit growth; volatility and direction of market interest rates; the continued services of our management team; and implementation of new legislation, which may have significant effects on us and the financial services industry. This list provides examples of factors that could affect the results described by forward-looking statements contained in this report, but the list is not intended to be all-inclusive. The risk factors disclosed in Part I – Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as updated by any new or modified risk factors disclosed in Part II – Item 1A of any subsequently filed Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, include all known risks our management believes could materially affect the results described by forward-looking statements in this report. However, those risks may not be the only risks we face. Our results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and prospects could also be materially and adversely affected by additional factors that are not presently known to us that we currently consider to be immaterial, or that develop after the date of this report. We cannot assure you that our future results will meet expectations. While we believe the forward-looking statements in this report are reasonable, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement. In addition, these statements speak only as of the date made. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update or alter any statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. Introduction. The following section presents additional information to assess the financial condition and results of operations of Independent Bank Corporation, its wholly-owned bank, Independent Bank (the ‘‘Bank’’), and their subsidiaries. This section should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the supplemental financial data contained elsewhere in this annual report. We also encourage you to read our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’). That report includes a list of risk factors that you should consider in connection with any decision to buy or sell our securities. Overview. We provide banking services to customers located primarily in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. As a result, our success depends to a great extent upon the economic conditions in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula. At times, we have experienced a difficult economy in Michigan. Economic conditions in Michigan began to show signs of improvement during 2010. Generally, these improvements have continued into 2016, albeit at an uneven pace. There has been an overall decline in the unemployment rate as well as generally improving housing prices and other related 10 statistics (such as home sales and new building permits). In addition, since early- to mid-2009, we have seen an improvement in our asset quality metrics. In particular, since early 2012, we have generally experienced a decline in non-performing assets, lower levels of new loan defaults, and reduced levels of loan net charge-offs. Recent Developments. On December 30, 2016, the Bank and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mepco Finance Corporation (‘‘Mepco’’), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (‘‘APA’’) with Seabury Asset Management LLC (‘‘Seabury’’). Pursuant to the terms of the APA, we are selling our payment plan processing business, payment plan receivables, and certain other assets to Seabury, who also is assuming certain liabilities of Mepco. These assets and liabilities are categorized as ‘‘held for sale’’ in the December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. We also recorded a $0.32 million loss related to the sale of these assets in the fourth quarter of 2016. This loss is included in non-interest expenses in the 2016 Consolidated Statement of Operations. This transaction is expected to close during the first half of 2017. The closing is subject to various conditions, including the ability of Mepco to assign certain specified contracts to Seabury. During 2016, Mepco recorded $4.2 million of interest income, $3.6 million of net interest income, $4.3 million of non-interest expense, a loss before income taxes of $0.65 million and a net loss of $0.35 million. We do not believe that the sale of the Mepco assets will have a significant impact on our overall financial condition or results of operations. In the fourth quarter of 2016, we reached a tentative settlement regarding litigation initiated against the Bank in Wayne County, Michigan Circuit Court. This litigation concerned the Bank’s checking account transaction sequencing during a period from February 2009 to June 2011. Under the terms of the settlement, we have agreed to pay $2.2 million and we are also responsible for class notification costs and certain other expenses which are estimated to total approximately $0.1 million. We recorded a $2.3 million expense in the fourth quarter of 2016 for this settlement. Although we deny any liability associated with this matter and believe we have meritorious defenses to the allegations in the complaint, given the costs and uncertainty of litigation, we determined that this settlement was in the best interests of the organization. Regulation. On July 2, 2013, the Federal Reserve Board approved a final rule that establishes an integrated regulatory capital framework (the ‘‘New Capital Rules’’). The rule implements in the United States the Basel III regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and certain changes required by the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the ‘‘Dodd-Frank Act’’). In general, under the New Capital Rules, minimum requirements have increased for both the quantity and quality of capital held by banking organizations. Consistent with the international Basel framework, the New Capital Rules include a new minimum ratio of common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5% and a common equity tier 1 capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets that applies to all supervised financial institutions. The 2.5% capital conservation buffer is being phased in over a four-year period beginning in 2016 with 0.625% added to the minimum ratio for adequately capitalized institutions for 2016 and each subsequent year until being fully phased in during 2019. To avoid limits on capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments we must meet the minimum ratio for adequately capitalized institutions plus the phased in buffer. The rule also raises the minimum ratio of tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4% to 6% and includes a minimum leverage ratio of 4% for all banking organizations. As to the quality of capital, the New Capital Rules emphasize common equity tier 1 capital, the most loss-absorbing form of capital, and implements strict eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments. The New Capital Rules also change the methodology for calculating risk-weighted assets to enhance risk sensitivity. Under the New Capital Rules our existing trust preferred securities are grandfathered as qualifying regulatory capital. We were subject to the New Capital Rules beginning on January 1, 2015, and as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we exceeded all of the capital ratio requirements of the New Capital Rules. It is against this backdrop that we discuss our results of operations and financial condition in 2016 as compared to earlier periods. 11 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Summary. We recorded net income of $22.8 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, in 2016, net income of $20.0 million, or $0.86 per diluted share, in 2015, and net income of $18.0 million, or $0.77 per diluted share, in 2014. KEY PERFORMANCE RATIOS Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2016 Net income to. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average common equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.21% 0.92 7.89% 0.86 7.43% 0.80 $1.06 1.05 $0.88 0.86 $0.79 0.77 Net interest income. Net interest income is the most important source of our earnings and thus is critical in evaluating our results of operations. Changes in our net interest income are primarily influenced by our level of interest-earning assets and the income or yield that we earn on those assets and the manner and cost of funding our interest-earning assets. Certain macro-economic factors can also influence our net interest income such as the level and direction of interest rates, the difference between short-term and long-term interest rates (the steepness of the yield curve) and the general strength of the economies in which we are doing business. Finally, risk management plays an important role in our level of net interest income. The ineffective management of credit risk and interest-rate risk in particular can adversely impact our net interest income. Net interest income totaled $79.6 million during 2016, compared to $75.0 million and $73.3 million during 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in net interest income in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily reflects a $173.7 million increase in average interest-earning assets that was partially offset by a six basis point decrease in our tax equivalent net interest income as a percent of average interest-earning assets (the ‘‘net interest margin’’). The decline in our net interest margin is primarily due to the prolonged low interest rate environment that has pushed our average yield on loans lower. Interest rates have generally been at extremely low levels since 2008 due primarily to the Federal Reserve Bank’s (‘‘FRB’’) monetary policies and its efforts to stimulate the U.S. economy. This very low interest rate environment has generally had an adverse impact on our interest income and net interest income. The FRB did move the target federal funds rate up by 0.25% in each of December of 2016 and 2015. Future changes in the target federal funds rate are uncertain; however, we anticipate that any upward movements in short-term interest rates will be gradual. Given the repricing characteristics of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (and our level of non-interest bearing demand deposits), we would expect that our net interest margin will generally benefit on a long-term basis from rising interest rates. The increase in net interest income in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily reflects a $96.5 million increase in average interest-earning assets that was partially offset by a nine basis point decrease in our net interest margin. Our net interest income is also impacted by our level of non-accrual loans. Average non-accrual loans totaled $10.9 million, $13.8 million and $17.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 12 AVERAGE BALANCES AND RATES 2016 2015 2014 Average Balance Interest Rate Average Balance Interest Rate Average Balance Interest Rate (Dollars in thousands) 5.18% 6.34 1.33 3.76 0.33 4.81 4.03 ASSETS Taxable loans . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt loans (1) . . . . . Taxable securities . . . . . . . Tax-exempt securities (1) . . Interest bearing cash and repurchase agreement. . . Other investments . . . . . . . $1,596,136 3,763 534,233 54,390 $74,014 220 9,921 1,917 4.64% $1,457,508 3,972 5.85 529,571 1.86 34,039 3.52 $70,770 246 7,805 1,388 4.86% $1,383,883 6.19 4,889 475,917 1.47 40,200 4.08 $71,621 310 6,341 1,510 78,606 15,474 403 792 Interest earning assets . . . . 2,282,602 87,267 Cash and due from banks . . Other assets, net . . . . . . . . 36,831 155,778 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . $2,475,211 0.51 5.12 3.82 66,595 17,171 275 925 2,108,856 81,409 0.41 5.39 3.86 84,244 23,252 282 1,118 2,012,385 81,182 44,842 166,363 $2,320,061 45,213 182,099 $2,239,697 LIABILITIES Savings and interest- bearing checking . . . . . . Time deposits . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . $1,018,685 447,243 47,058 Interest bearing liabilities . . 1,512,986 Non-interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity. . . . . . 688,697 26,439 247,089 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity . . $2,475,211 1,115 3,826 1,941 6,882 0.11 0.86 4.12 0.45 $ 988,504 386,035 47,842 1,422,381 1,056 2,953 1,847 5,856 0.11 0.76 3.86 0.41 $ 951,745 413,729 60,225 1,425,699 1,064 3,903 2,332 7,299 0.11 0.94 3.87 0.51 619,206 24,840 253,634 540,107 31,247 242,644 $2,320,061 $2,239,697 Net interest income . . . . $80,385 $75,553 $73,883 Net interest income as a percent of average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.52% 3.58% 3.67% (1) Interest on tax-exempt loans and securities is presented on a fully tax equivalent basis assuming a marginal tax rate of 35%. RECONCILIATION OF NET INTEREST MARGIN, FULLY TAXABLE EQUIVALENT (‘‘FTE’’) 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) 2014 Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Add: taxable equivalent adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $79,641 744 $74,986 567 $73,256 627 Net interest income - taxable equivalent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $80,385 $75,553 $73,883 Net interest margin (GAAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.49% 3.56% 3.64% Net interest margin (FTE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.52% 3.58% 3.67% 13 CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME 2016 compared to 2015 Rate Volume 2015 compared to 2014 Rate Net Volume Net (In thousands) Increase (decrease) in interest income (1) Taxable loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt loans (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taxable securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt securities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing cash and repurchase agreement . . Other investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,526 (13) 69 738 55 (88) $(3,282) $3,244 (26) 2,116 529 128 (133) (13) 2,047 (209) 73 (45) $3,701 (57) 754 (244) (66) (316) $(4,552) $ (851) (64) 1,464 (122) (7) (193) (7) 710 122 59 123 Total interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,287 (1,429) 5,858 3,772 (3,545) 227 Increase (decrease) in interest expense (1) Savings and interest bearing checking . . . . . . . . . . Time deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 500 (31) 502 26 373 125 524 59 873 94 1,026 40 (248) (478) (686) (48) (702) (7) (757) (8) (950) (485) (1,443) Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,785 $(1,953) $4,832 $4,458 $(2,788) $ 1,670 (1) The change in interest due to changes in both balance and rate has been allocated to change due to balance and change due to rate in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of change in each. (2) Interest on tax-exempt loans and securities is presented on a fully tax equivalent basis assuming a marginal tax rate of 35%. COMPOSITION OF AVERAGE INTEREST EARNING ASSETS AND INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2016 As a percent of average interest earning assets Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.1% 29.9 69.3% 30.7 69.0% 31.0 Average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Savings and NOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brokered CDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average interest bearing liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Earning asset ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Free-funds ratio (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.6% 19.6 — 2.1 66.3% 92.2% 33.7 46.9% 18.2 0.1 2.2 67.4% 90.9% 32.6 47.3% 19.9 0.6 3.0 70.8% 89.9% 29.2 (1) Average interest earning assets less average interest bearing liabilities. Provision for loan losses. The provision for loan losses was a credit of $1.3 million, $2.7 million and $3.1 million during 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The provision reflects our assessment of the allowance for loan losses taking into consideration factors such as loan mix, levels of non-performing and classified loans and loan net charge-offs. While we use relevant information to recognize losses on loans, additional provisions for related losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions, customer circumstances and other credit risk factors. See ‘‘Portfolio Loans and asset quality’’ for a discussion of the various components of the allowance for loan losses and their impact on the provision for loan losses. 14 Non-interest income. Non-interest income is a significant element in assessing our results of operations. We regard net gains on mortgage loans as a recurring source of revenue but they are quite cyclical and thus can be volatile. Non-interest income totaled $42.3 million during 2016 compared to $40.1 million and $38.8 million during 2015 and 2014, respectively. The components of non-interest income are as follows: NON-INTEREST INCOME 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Service charges on deposit accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interchange income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains (losses) on assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other than temporary impairment loss on securities: Total impairment loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment loss recognized in earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage loan servicing, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment and insurance commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Title insurance fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gain on branch sale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12,406 7,938 $12,389 8,481 $13,446 8,164 10,566 563 — — — 2,222 1,647 1,124 1,187 — — 4,645 7,448 20 — — — 1,751 1,827 1,282 1,156 1,193 — 4,583 5,628 329 (9) — (9) 791 1,814 1,371 995 — 500 5,746 Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $42,298 $40,130 $38,775 Service charges on deposit accounts totaled $12.4 million during both 2016 and 2015 and was $13.4 million during 2014. Although service charges were relatively unchanged in 2016 as compared to 2015, over the last few years, such service charges had been decreasing, principally due to a decline in non-sufficient funds (‘‘NSF’’) occurrences and related NSF fees. We believe the long-term decline in NSF occurrences is due to our customers managing their finances more closely and having real-time access to deposit account information through electronic channels allowing them to reduce NSF activity and avoid the associated fees. Interchange income totaled $7.9 million in 2016 compared to $8.5 million in 2015 and $8.2 million in 2014. The decrease in interchange income in 2016 as compared to 2015 primarily results from lower incentives under our Debit Brand Agreement with MasterCard. In addition, although transaction volume increased 1.5% year-over-year, interchange revenue per transaction declined by 3.1%, primarily due to a higher mix of debit (PIN-based) versus credit (signature-based) transactions. The increase in interchange income in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily results from the new Debit Brand Agreement with MasterCard that was executed in January 2014. We began converting our debit card base to MasterCard in June 2014 and completed the conversion in September 2014. Certain volume incentives under the new Debit Brand Agreement began to abate in the fourth quarter of 2015. We realized net gains of $10.6 million on mortgage loans during 2016, compared to $7.4 million and $5.6 million during 2015 and 2014 respectively. The volume of loans sold is dependent upon our ability to originate mortgage loans as well as the demand for fixed-rate obligations and other loans that we choose to not put into our portfolio because of our established interest-rate risk parameters. (See ‘‘Portfolio Loans and asset quality.’’) Net gains on mortgage loans are also dependent upon economic and competitive factors as well as our ability to effectively manage exposure to changes in interest rates and thus can often be a volatile part of our overall revenues. 15 MORTGAGE LOAN ACTIVITY 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) 2014 Mortgage loans originated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage loans sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains as a percent of mortgage loans sold (‘‘Loan Sales Margin’’) . . . . . Fair value adjustments included in the Loan Sales Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $428,249 313,985 10,566 3.37% 0.12 $336,618 281,494 7,448 2.65% 0.16 $265,494 223,580 5,628 2.52% 0.01 Net gains on mortgage loans have increased over the past two years due primarily to decreases in mortgage loan interest rates during parts of 2016 and 2015 that resulted in an increase in mortgage loan refinance volumes as well as an improving housing market which has resulted in an increase in purchase money mortgage origination volume. Net gains as a percentage of mortgage loans sold (our ‘‘Loan Sales Margin’’) are impacted by several factors including competition and the manner in which the loan is sold. Gains on mortgage loans are also impacted by recording fair value accounting adjustments. Excluding these fair value accounting adjustments, the Loan Sales Margin would have been 3.25% in 2016, 2.49% in 2015 and 2.51% in 2014. The higher Loan Sales Margins in 2016 as compared to 2015 and 2014, was principally due to more favorable competitive conditions including wider primary-to-secondary market pricing spreads during the first ten months of 2016. However, during the last two months of 2016, mortgage loan interest rates rose by approximately 0.75% and Loan Sales Margins contracted considerably due to competitive factors. In general, as overall industry-wide mortgage loan origination levels drop, pricing becomes more competitive. The changes in the fair value accounting adjustments are primarily due to changes in the amount of commitments to originate mortgage loans for sale during each period. During the last quarter of 2016 and the first two months of 2017, we significantly expanded our mortgage-banking operations by adding over fifty new employees and opening five new loan production offices (Ann Arbor, Brighton, Traverse City and Troy, Michigan and Columbus, Ohio). We are also in the process of opening two additional loan production offices (Dearborn, Michigan and Fairlawn, Ohio). We expect this business expansion to add to net gains on mortgage loans and on a longer-term basis, accelerate the growth of portfolio mortgage loans and mortgage loans serviced for others, leading to increased interest and mortgage loan servicing income. However, this expansion will also increase non-interest expenses, particularly compensation and employee benefits and occupancy. In addition, due to higher interest rates, we expect mortgage loan refinance volume to decline in 2017 on an industry wide basis. It is important to our future results of operations that we effectively and successfully manage this business expansion. GAINS AND LOSSES ON SECURITIES 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $64,103 12,037 14,633 $616 75 624 $ 53 55 304 Proceeds Year Ended December 31, Losses (2) Gains (1) (In thousands) Net $563 20 320 (1) Gains in 2016 include $0.262 million related to an increase in the fair value of trading securities and 2014 includes $0.295 million relating to a U.S. Treasury short position. (2) Losses in 2015 and 2014 includes $0.055 million and $0.295 million, respectively related to a decrease in the fair value of trading securities and 2014 includes $0.009 million of other than temporary impairment charges. We generated net gains on securities of $0.6 million in 2016, and $0.02 million and $0.3 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively. The 2016 net gain on securities was due primarily to a $0.3 million increase in the fair value of trading securities and $64.1 million of securities sales that produced net gains of $0.3 million. The 2015 net gain on securities was due primarily to the sales of U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities that were partially offset by a $0.06 million decline in the fair value of trading securities. The 2014 net gain on securities was primarily 16 due to the sales of U.S. Government agency securities and municipal securities as well as fair value adjustments on a U.S. treasury short sale position that were partially offset by a $0.3 million decline in the fair value of trading securities. We recorded no net impairment losses in 2016 or 2015 as compared to a net impairment loss of $0.01 million in 2014, related to other than temporary impairment of securities available for sale. The 2014 impairment charge related to private label residential mortgage-backed securities. Mortgage loan servicing generated net earnings of $2.2 million, $1.8 million and $0.8 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These yearly comparative variances are primarily due to changes in the valuation allowance on capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights and the level of amortization of this asset. The period end valuation allowance is based on the valuation of the mortgage loan servicing portfolio and the amortization is primarily impacted by prepayment activity. The changes in the valuation allowance are principally due to changes in the estimated future prepayment rates being used in the period end valuations. CAPITALIZED MORTGAGE LOAN SERVICING RIGHTS 2016 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Balance at January 1,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Originated servicing rights capitalized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12,436 3,119 (2,850) 966 $12,106 2,697 (2,868) 501 $13,710 1,823 (2,509) (918) Balance at December 31,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,671 $12,436 $12,106 Valuation allowance at December 31,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,306 $ 3,272 $ 3,773 At December 31, 2016, we were servicing approximately $1.66 billion in mortgage loans for others on which servicing rights have been capitalized. This servicing portfolio had a weighted average coupon rate of 4.20% and a weighted average service fee of approximately 25.6 basis points. Remaining capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights at December 31, 2016 totaled $13.7 million, representing approximately 82 basis points on the related amount of mortgage loans serviced for others. The capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights had an estimated fair market value of $14.2 million at December 31, 2016. As of January 1, 2017, we elected the fair value measurement method for our mortgage loan servicing rights (in lieu of the amortization method). Investment and insurance commissions declined to $1.6 million in 2016, as compared to $1.8 million in both 2015 and 2014. The decline in 2016 was due primarily to open sales positions during part of the year. We earned $1.1 million, $1.3 million and $1.4 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, on our separate account bank owned life insurance principally as a result of increases in the cash surrender value. Our separate account is primarily invested in agency mortgage-backed securities and managed by PIMCO. The crediting rate (on which the earnings are based) reflects the performance of the separate account. The total cash surrender value of our bank owned life insurance was $54.0 million and $54.4 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Title insurance fees totaled $1.2 million in both 2016 and 2015 as compared to $1.0 million in 2014. The fluctuation in title insurance fees is primarily a function of the level of mortgage loans (particularly refinances) that we originated. On April 29, 2015 the Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement (‘‘PAA’’) with Isabella Bank (based in Mt. Pleasant, Michigan). Pursuant to the PAA, on August 28, 2015, we sold the fixed assets, real property and certain other assets of our bank branch located in Midland, Michigan (the ‘‘Midland Branch’’) to Isabella Bank. The deposit liabilities of the Midland Branch were assumed by Isabella Bank. Under the terms of the PAA, Isabella Bank paid a premium of $0.6 million (which was equal to 6.0% of the average deposit liabilities of $9.7 million based on the 20-day average ending two business days prior to the closing date of August 28, 2015) and $0.85 million for the real property and fixed assets (including the ATM). The real property and the fixed assets had a net book value of approximately $0.2 million as of August 28, 2015. We recorded a net gain of $1.2 million in the third quarter of 2015 on the sale of the Midland Branch. On December 1, 2014, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with EJF Capital LLC. Under the terms of this agreement, we purchased 5,000 shares of trust preferred securities (liquidation amount of $1,000 per security) 17 that were issued by IBC Capital Finance IV, a special purpose entity whose common stock we own. The trust preferred securities have been retired along with certain related common stock issued by IBC Capital Finance IV and subordinated debentures issued by us. We paid $4.5 million for the trust preferred securities that had a par value of $5.0 million, as well as $0.033 million in accrued and unpaid interest. We recorded a gain on the extinguishment of debt of $0.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2014. Other non-interest income totaled $4.6 million in both 2016 and 2015 as compared to $5.7 million in 2014. The decrease in 2016 and 2015 as compared to 2014 is primarily due to a decline in rental income on other real estate due to the sales of income-producing properties. Non-interest expense. Non-interest expense is an important component of our results of operations. We strive to efficiently manage our cost structure. Non-interest expense totaled $90.3 million in 2016, $88.5 million in 2015, and $90.0 million in 2014. The components of non-interest expense are as follows: NON-INTEREST EXPENSE 2016 Year ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Compensation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payroll taxes and employee benefits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $33,991 6,955 8,633 $33,346 6,732 8,108 $33,833 5,154 8,234 Compensation and employee benefits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Occupancy, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture, fixtures and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loan and collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Litigation settlement expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal and professional. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interchange expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDIC deposit insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit card and bank service fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on sale of payment plan business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (gains) losses on other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision (credit) for loss reimbursement on sold loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,579 8,023 7,952 3,912 3,142 2,512 2,300 1,856 1,742 1,111 1,049 791 728 347 320 250 30 4,703 48,186 8,369 7,944 3,892 2,957 3,609 — 2,121 2,013 1,125 1,366 797 809 347 — (180) (59) 5,154 47,221 8,912 7,532 4,137 2,926 5,392 — 2,193 1,969 1,291 1,567 946 993 536 — (500) (466) 5,302 Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $90,347 $88,450 $89,951 Compensation expense, which is primarily salaries, totaled $34.0 million, $33.3 million and $33.8 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in 2016 as compared to 2015 is primarily due to annual merit based salary increases. 2016 average total full-time equivalent employee levels were unchanged compared to 2015. The decrease in 2015 as compared to 2014 is due to a decline in total full-time equivalent employees related to branch consolidations or closings and other staffing reductions. 2015 average total full-time equivalent employee levels fell by 4.1% compared to 2014. Performance-based compensation expense totaled $7.0 million, $6.7 million and $5.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increases in 2016 as compared to 2015, and in 2015 as compared to 2014, are both primarily related to higher compensation under our incentive compensation plans based on our improved financial performance. 18 We maintain performance-based compensation plans. In addition to commissions and cash incentive awards, such plans include an ESOP and a long-term equity based incentive plan. The amount of expense recognized in 2016, 2015 and 2014 for share-based awards under our long-term equity based incentive plan was $1.5 million, $1.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively. In 2016, 2015 and 2014, there were new grants of restricted stock and performance share awards. Payroll taxes and employee benefits expense totaled $8.6 million, $8.1 million and $8.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in 2016 as compared to 2015 is primarily due to a $0.2 million increase in our 401(k) plan match and a $0.2 million increase in employee training costs (primarily sales training). The decrease in 2015 as compared to 2014 is primarily due to a $0.3 million decrease in health insurance costs that was partially offset by a $0.2 million increase in the 401(k) match. In 2014, we increased our 401(k) plan match from 1% to 2% of eligible compensation. In 2015, we added auto-enrollment to our 401(k) plan. In 2016, we increased our 401(k) plan match from 2% to 3% of eligible compensation. Occupancy expenses, net, totaled $8.0 million, $8.4 million and $8.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in 2016 as compared to 2015 is primarily due to a decline in utilities and real estate property taxes due to branch closings or sales that took place during 2015 and a decline in leasehold improvement depreciation expense at Mepco related to its former Chicago location. The decrease in 2015 as compared to 2014 is primarily due to branch consolidations or closings and lower snow removal costs. Data processing expenses totaled $8.0 million, $7.9 million, and $7.5 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Although data processing expenses were relatively unchanged in 2016 as compared to 2015 on a consolidated basis, such expenses declined by $0.6 million at Mepco (due primarily to a decrease in software amortization), but this decline was offset by a comparable increase in such expenses at the Bank (various new or expanded electronic banking services and network security costs). The increase in 2015 as compared to 2014 is due primarily to the addition of new products and services (desktop software, sales management software and a new mortgage loan origination platform) as well as increased costs due to growth in mobile banking usage. Furniture, fixtures and equipment expense was relatively unchanged in 2016 as compared to 2015 and declined by $0.2 million in 2015 from 2014. The decline in 2015 was due primarily to the closing or consolidation of certain branch offices. Communications expense increased by $0.2 million in 2016 as compared to 2015 and was relatively unchanged in 2015 as compared to 2014. The increase in 2016 as compared to 2015 was due primarily to an increase in postage costs principally as a result of mailing new Chip-enabled debit cards to our entire debit card customer base. Loan and collection expenses primarily reflect costs related to the management and collection of non-performing loans and other problem credits. These expenses have declined steadily during the past several years primarily due to decreases in non-performing loans, new loan defaults and watch/problem credits. We incurred a $2.3 million expense in 2016 for the settlement of a litigation matter as described earlier under ‘‘Recent Developments.’’ Advertising expense totaled $1.9 million, $2.1 million, and $2.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in 2016 as compared to 2015 was primarily due to declines in outdoor (billboard) advertising, television and radio advertising and market research that were partially offset by an increase in checking account acquisition costs (principally direct mail). The slight decrease in 2015 as compared to 2014 is due primarily to a reduction in outdoor advertising. Legal and professional fees totaled $1.7 million, $2.0 million, and $2.0 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in 2016 as compared to 2015 was due primarily to a $0.4 million decline in such costs at Mepco resulting from the resolution of certain litigation matters and a related reduction in legal fees. Interchange expense primarily represents fees paid to our core information systems processor and debit card licensor related to debit card and ATM transactions. This expense was relatively unchanged in 2016 as compared to 2015. The decrease in this expense in 2015 as compared to 2014 is primarily due to the impact of our new seven-year core data processing contract that we executed in March 2014. FDIC deposit insurance expense totaled $1.0 million, $1.4 million, and $1.6 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decline in 2016 as compared to 2015 principally results from the FDIC Deposit Insurance Fund 19 reserve ratio reaching a 1.15% reserve ratio at June 30, 2016, which triggered a new assessment method and generally lower deposit insurance premiums for banks with less than $10 billion in assets. The decline in 2015 as compared to 2014 reflected a reduction in the Bank’s risk based premium rate due to our improved financial metrics. Credit card and bank service fees primarily relate to card processing fees incurred by Mepco in its payment plan processing business and variations in this expense are principally due to changes in the number of payment plans being administered by Mepco. Supplies expense has declined over the past two years consistent with our cost reduction initiatives and the smaller size of the organization resulting from the closing or consolidation of branches. The amortization of intangible assets primarily relates to branch acquisitions and the amortization of the deposit customer relationship value, including core deposit value, which was acquired in connection with those acquisitions. We had remaining unamortized intangible assets of $1.9 million and $2.3 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015 respectively. See note #7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a schedule of future amortization of intangible assets. We incurred a $0.3 million loss in 2016 on the expected sale of Mepco’s payment plan business as described earlier under ‘‘Recent Developments.’’ Net (gains) losses on other real estate and repossessed assets represent the gain or loss on the sale or additional write downs on these assets subsequent to the transfer of the asset from our loan portfolio. This transfer occurs at the time we acquire the collateral that secured the loan. At the time of acquisition, the other real estate or repossessed asset is valued at fair value, less estimated costs to sell, which becomes the new basis for the asset. Any write-downs at the time of acquisition are charged to the allowance for loan losses. The net loss of $0.25 million in 2016 is primarily due to $0.46 million of write-downs on a group of commercial income-producing properties. These properties ($2.9 million balance in other real estate at December 31, 2016) are now under contract for sale. We expect this sale to close in the first half of 2017. The net gains of $0.2 million and $0.5 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively, primarily reflect greater stability in real estate prices, with many markets even experiencing price increases. The provision for loss reimbursement on sold loans was an expense of $0.03 million in 2016 compared to a credit of $0.06 million and $0.5 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively. This provision represents our estimate of incurred losses related to mortgage loans that we have sold to investors (primarily Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae). The credit provisions in 2015 and 2014 are due primarily to the reduction or rescission of certain loss reimbursement requests that had been pending and accrued for in earlier periods. Since we sell mortgage loans without recourse, loss reimbursements only occur in those instances where we have breached a representation or warranty or other contractual requirement related to the loan sale. The reserve for loss reimbursements on sold mortgage loans totaled $0.56 million and $0.53 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This reserve is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. This reserve is based on an analysis of mortgage loans that we have sold which are further categorized by delinquency status, loan to value, and year of origination. The calculation includes factors such as probability of default, probability of loss reimbursement (breach of representation or warranty) and estimated loss severity. The reserve levels at December 31, 2016 and 2015 also reflect the resolution of the mortgage loan origination years of 2000 to 2008 with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. We believe that the amounts that we have accrued for incurred losses on sold mortgage loans are appropriate given our analyses. However, future losses could exceed our current estimate. Other non-interest expenses totaled $4.7 million, $5.2 million, and $5.3 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The $0.5 million decrease in 2016 as compared to 2015 is primarily due to declines in vehicle service contract counterparty contingency expense, costs related to unfunded lending commitments and fraud costs related to deposit account and debit card activities. Income tax expense. We recorded an income tax expense of $10.1 million, $9.4 million and $7.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our actual federal income tax expense is different than the amount computed by applying our statutory income tax rate to our income before income tax primarily due to tax-exempt interest income and tax-exempt income from the increase in the cash surrender value on life insurance. 20 In addition, 2016 included a $0.3 million income tax benefit resulting from the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 ‘‘Compensation – Stock Compensation (718) Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.’’ See note #1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Also, 2014 income tax expense was reduced by a credit of approximately $0.7 million due to a true-up of the amount of unrecognized tax benefits relative to certain net operating loss carryforwards and the reversal of a valuation allowance on a capital loss carryforward that was believed to not be more likely than not to be realized prior to a strategy executed during the second quarter of 2014 that generated capital gains. We assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against our deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a ‘‘more likely than not’’ standard. The ultimate realization of this asset is primarily based on generating future income. We concluded at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, that the realization of substantially all of our deferred tax assets continues to be more likely than not. We did maintain a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets of approximately $1.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015 and $1.0 million at December 31, 2014. This valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets primarily relates to state income taxes at Mepco. In this instance, we determined that the future realization of these particular deferred tax assets was not more likely than not. This conclusion in 2016 was based on the pending sale of Mepco’s payment plan business and in 2015 and 2014 was primarily based on the uncertainty of Mepco’s future earnings attributable to particular states (given the various apportionment criteria) and the significant reduction in the size of Mepco’s business. Business segments. Prior to 2016, we reported on two segments: Independent Bank and Mepco. However, given the significant reduction in the size of Mepco’s business and its relative immateriality, we have now eliminated any separate segment reporting on Mepco. Rather, we evaluate the operations of the organization as one single unit. 21 FINANCIAL CONDITION Summary. Our total assets increased to $2.55 billion at December 31, 2016, compared to $2.41 billion at December 31, 2015, primarily due to increases in securities available for sale and loans. Loans, excluding loans held for sale (‘‘Portfolio Loans’’), totaled $1.61 billion at December 31, 2016, an increase of 6.2% from $1.52 billion at December 31, 2015. (See ‘‘Portfolio Loans and asset quality’’). Not included in Portfolio Loans at December 31, 2016 are $30.6 million of payment plan receivables and $0.8 million of commercial loans. These balances are included in ‘‘Payment plan receivables and other assets held for sale’’ in our December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. They are classified as held for sale due to the pending sale of our Mepco payment plan business as described above under ‘‘Recent Developments.’’ Deposits totaled $2.23 billion at December 31, 2016, compared to $2.09 billion at December 31, 2015. The increase in deposits during 2016 is primarily due to growth in checking, savings and time account balances. Securities. We maintain diversified securities portfolios, which include obligations of U.S. government- sponsored agencies, securities issued by states and political subdivisions, residential and commercial mortgage- backed securities, asset-backed securities, corporate securities and trust preferred securities. We regularly evaluate asset/liability management needs and attempt to maintain a portfolio structure that provides sufficient liquidity and cash flow. Except as discussed below, we believe that the unrealized losses on securities available for sale are temporary in nature and are expected to be recovered within a reasonable time period. We believe that we have the ability to hold securities with unrealized losses to maturity or until such time as the unrealized losses reverse. (See ‘‘Asset/liability management.’’) Securities available for sale increased during 2016 due primarily to the purchase of asset-backed securities, securities issued by states and political subdivisions and corporate securities. The securities were purchased to utilize funds generated from the increase in total deposits. (See ‘‘Deposits and borrowings’’ and ‘‘Liquidity and capital resources.’’) Our portfolio of securities available for sale is reviewed quarterly for impairment in value. In performing this review, management considers (1) the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (3) the impact of changes in market interest rates on the market value of the security and (4) an assessment of whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For securities that do not meet these recovery criteria, the amount of impairment recognized in earnings is limited to the amount related to credit losses, while impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). We recorded net impairment losses related to other than temporary impairment on securities available for sale of zero, zero, and $0.009 million, in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The 2014 net other than temporary impairment charge was all related to private label residential mortgage-backed securities. In this instance, we believed that the decline in value was directly due to matters other than changes in interest rates, was not expected to be recovered within a reasonable timeframe based upon available information and was therefore other than temporary in nature. (See ‘‘Non-interest income’’ and ‘‘Asset/liability management.’’) SECURITIES Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Losses (In thousands) Fair Value Securities available for sale December 31, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $615,709 585,851 $2,548 3,152 $7,641 3,519 $610,616 585,484 Portfolio Loans and asset quality. In addition to the communities served by our Bank branch network, our to established principal underwriting criteria, we also may participate in commercial lending transactions with certain non-affiliated banks and make whole loan purchases from other financial institutions. In August 2016 and December 2015, we purchased lending markets also include nearby communities and metropolitan areas. Subject 22 $14.8 million and $32.6 million, respectively, of single-family residential fixed rate mortgage loans from other Michigan-based financial institutions. These mortgage loans were all on properties located in Michigan. At December 31, 2016, the remaining balance on these purchased mortgage loans was $38.9 million. The senior management and board of directors of our Bank retain authority and responsibility for credit decisions and we have adopted uniform underwriting standards. Our loan committee structure and the loan review process attempt to provide requisite controls and promote compliance with such established underwriting standards. However, there can be no assurance that our lending procedures and the use of uniform underwriting standards will prevent us from incurring significant credit losses in our lending activities. We generally retain loans that may be profitably funded within established risk parameters. (See ‘‘Asset/liability management.’’) As a result, we may hold adjustable-rate conventional and fixed rate jumbo mortgage loans as Portfolio Loans, while 15- and 30-year, fixed-rate non-jumbo mortgage loans are generally sold to mitigate exposure to changes in interest rates. (See ‘‘Non-interest income.’’) LOAN PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) Real estate (1) Residential first mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 453,348 $ 432,215 106,297 Residential home equity and other junior mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,629 Construction and land development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498,706 Other (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,350 Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180,424 Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,830 Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,599 Payment plan receivables (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,608,248 $1,515,050 105,550 77,287 525,748 234,632 206,607 5,076 — (1) Includes both residential and non-residential commercial loans secured by real estate. (2) Includes loans secured by multi-family residential and non-farm, non-residential property. (3) Payment plan receivables were reclassified to held for sale at December 31, 2016. See ‘‘Recent Developments’’. Future growth of overall Portfolio Loans is dependent upon a number of competitive and economic factors. Further, it is our desire to reduce or restrict certain loan categories for risk management reasons. NON-PERFORMING ASSETS (1) Non-accrual loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-performing loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-performing assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2014 December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) $10,607 116 10,723 7,150 $17,873 $15,231 7 15,238 6,454 $21,692 $13,364 — 13,364 5,004 $18,368 As a percent of Portfolio Loans Non-performing loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing assets to total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses as a percent of non-performing loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.83% 1.26 0.72 151.41 0.71% 1.49 0.74 210.48 1.08% 1.84 0.96 170.56 (1) Excludes loans classified as ‘‘troubled debt restructured’’ that are performing and vehicle service contract counterparty receivables, net. 23 TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS Performing TDR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing TDR’s (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,560 3,565 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,125 $59,726 $70,286 4,071(2) 7,636 $63,797 $77,922 December 31, 2016 Commercial Retail Total (In thousands) December 31, 2015 Commercial Retail Total (In thousands) Performing TDR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing TDR’s (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,318 3,041 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16,359 $68,194 $81,512 3,777(2) 6,818 $71,971 $88,330 (1) Included in non-performing loans table above. (2) Also includes loans on non-accrual at the time of modification until six payments are received on a timely basis. Non-performing loans totaled $13.4 million, $10.7 million and $15.2 million at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in 2016 as compared to 2015 is primarily due to the default of one commercial loan relationship and one mortgage loan relationship in the fourth quarter. The decline in 2015 as compared to 2014 is principally due to declines in non-performing commercial loans, residential mortgage loans and consumer loans. These declines reflected reduced levels of new loan defaults as well as loan charge-offs, pay-offs, negotiated transactions, and the migration of loans into other real estate. In general, improving economic conditions in our market areas, as well as our collection and resolution efforts, have resulted in modest levels of non-performing loans over the past three years. However, we are still experiencing some loan defaults, particularly related to commercial loans secured by income-producing property and mortgage loans secured by resort/vacation property. Non-performing loans exclude performing loans that are classified as troubled debt restructurings (‘‘TDRs’’). Performing TDRs totaled $70.3 million, or 4.4% of total Portfolio Loans, and $81.5 million, or 5.4% of total Portfolio Loans, at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The decrease in the amount of performing TDRs during 2016 reflects declines in both commercial loan and retail loan TDRs. Other real estate and repossessed assets totaled $5.0 million at December 31, 2016, compared to $7.2 million at December 31, 2015. The decrease in other real estate during 2016 primarily reflects the sale of properties during the year being in excess of the inward migration of new properties. We will place a loan that is 90 days or more past due on non-accrual, unless we believe the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Accordingly, we have determined that the collection of the accrued and unpaid interest on any loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest is probable. ALLOCATION OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES 2016 December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Specific allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other adversely rated commercial loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Historical loss allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional allocations based on subjective factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,152 491 4,929 5,662 $10,983 1,053 5,262 5,272 $13,233 761 6,773 5,223 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,234 $22,570 $25,990 Some loans will not be repaid in full. Therefore, an allowance for loan losses (‘‘AFLL’’) is maintained at a level which represents our best estimate of losses incurred. In determining the AFLL and the related provision for loan 24 losses, we consider four principal elements: (i) specific allocations based upon probable losses identified during the review of the loan portfolio, (ii) allocations established for other adversely rated commercial loans, (iii) allocations based principally on historical loan loss experience, and (iv) additional allowances based on subjective factors, including local and general economic business factors and trends, portfolio concentrations and changes in the size and/or the general terms of the loan portfolios. The first AFLL element (specific allocations) reflects our estimate of probable incurred losses based upon our systematic review of specific loans. These estimates are based upon a number of factors, such as payment history, financial condition of the borrower, discounted collateral exposure and discounted cash flow analysis. Impaired commercial, mortgage and installment loans are allocated allowance amounts using this first element. The second AFLL element (other adversely rated commercial loans) reflects the application of our commercial loan rating system. This rating system is similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulators. Commercial loans that are rated below a certain predetermined classification are assigned a loss allocation factor for each loan classification category that is based upon a historical analysis of both the probability of default and the expected loss rate (‘‘loss given default’’). The lower the rating assigned to a loan or category, the greater the allocation percentage that is applied. The third AFLL element (historical loss allocations) is determined by assigning allocations to higher rated (‘‘non-watch credit’’) commercial loans using a probability of default and loss given default similar to the second AFLL element and to homogenous mortgage and installment loan groups based upon borrower credit score and portfolio segment. For homogenous mortgage and installment loans, a probability of default for each homogenous pool is calculated by way of credit score migration. Historical loss data for each homogenous pool coupled with the associated probability of default is utilized to calculate an expected loss allocation rate. The fourth AFLL element (additional allocations based on subjective factors) is based on factors that cannot be associated with a specific credit or loan category and reflects our attempt to ensure that the overall AFLL appropriately reflects a margin for the imprecision necessarily inherent in the estimates of expected credit losses. We consider a number of subjective factors when determining this fourth element, including local and general economic business factors and trends, portfolio concentrations and changes in the size, mix and the general terms of the overall loan portfolio. Increases in the AFLL are recorded by a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Although we periodically allocate portions of the AFLL to specific loans and loan portfolios, the entire AFLL is available for incurred losses. We generally charge-off commercial, homogenous residential mortgage and installment loans and payment plan receivables when they are deemed uncollectible or reach a predetermined number of days past due based on product, industry practice and other factors. Collection efforts may continue and recoveries may occur after a loan is charged against the AFLL. While we use relevant information to recognize losses on loans, additional provisions for related losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions, customer circumstances and other credit risk factors. The AFLL decreased $2.3 million to $20.2 million at December 31, 2016 from $22.6 million at December 31, 2015 and was equal to 1.26% of total Portfolio Loans at December 31, 2016 compared to 1.49% at December 31, 2015. Three of the four components of the AFLL outlined above declined during 2016. The AFLL related to specific loans decreased $1.8 million in 2016 due primarily to a $9.3 million, or 10.4%, decline in the balance of individually impaired loans as well as charge-offs. The AFLL related to other adversely rated commercial loans decreased $0.6 million in 2016 as the total balance of such loans included in this component decreased to $11.8 million at December 31, 2016, from $27.8 million at December 31, 2015. The AFLL related to historical losses decreased $0.3 million during 2016 due principally to the use of a lower estimated probability of default for homogenous mortgage and installment loans (resulting from lower loan net charge-offs and reduced levels of new defaults on loans over the relevant measurement period). The AFLL related to subjective factors increased $0.4 million due primarily to Portfolio Loan growth. Two of the four components of the AFLL outlined above declined during 2015. The AFLL related to specific loans decreased $2.3 million in 2015 due primarily to a $24.0 million, or 21.6%, decline in the balance of individually impaired loans as well as charge-offs. The AFLL related to other adversely rated commercial loans increased $0.3 million in 2015. Although the total balance of such loans included in this component decreased to $27.8 million at December 31, 2015, from $30.6 million at December 31, 2014, the allowance related to such loans increased slightly due to the use of higher loss given default rates. The AFLL related to historical losses decreased $1.5 million during 2015 due principally to the use of a lower estimated probability of default for homogenous mortgage and installment loans (resulting from lower loan net charge-offs and reduced levels of new defaults on loans). The AFLL related to subjective factors was relatively unchanged (increased by just $0.05 million during 2015). 25 ALLOWANCE FOR LOSSES ON LOANS AND UNFUNDED COMMITMENTS 2016 2015 2014 Loan Losses Unfunded Commitments Unfunded Loan Losses Commitments (Dollars in thousands) Loan Losses Unfunded Commitments Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . $22,570 Additions (deductions) Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries credited to allowance . . . . . . . Loans charged against the allowance . . . . Reclassification to loans held for sale . . . (1,309) 4,619 (5,587) (59) Additions (deductions) included in non- $652 $25,990 $539 $ 32,325 $508 — — — — (2,714) 5,022 (5,728) — — — — — 113 $652 (3,136) 7,420 (10,619) — — — — — — 31 $ 25,990 $539 interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (2) — Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,234 $650 $22,570 Net loans charged against the allowance to average Portfolio Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.06% 0.05% 0.23% The ratio of loan net charge-offs to average loans was 0.06% in 2016 (or $1.0 million) compared to 0.05% in 2015 (or $0.7 million) and 0.23% in 2014 (or $3.2 million). The slight increase in loan net charge-offs in 2016 as compared to 2015 were in mortgage loans and deposit overdrafts. The decrease in loan net charge-offs in 2015 as compared to 2014 occurred across all loan categories. This decrease primarily reflected reduced levels of non-performing loans and improvement in collateral liquidation values. Vehicle service contract (‘‘VSC’’) counterparty receivables, net totaled $2.3 million and $7.2 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These VSC counterparty receivables represent funds due to Mepco related to the cancellation of payment plan receivables. The $2.3 million balance at December 31, 2016 is not part of the Mepco assets being sold as described above in ‘‘Recent Developments.’’ In the past, we have had to initiate litigation against certain counterparties, including third party insurers, to collect amounts owed to Mepco as a result of those parties’ dispute of their contractual obligations to Mepco. During the first quarter of 2016, we settled our last significant remaining litigation matter with certain of Mepco’s counterparties. This settlement resulted in our receipt of a cash payment of $4.0 million on March 31, 2016. This settlement also resulted in our receipt of an interest-bearing promissory note from one of Mepco’s counterparties for $1.5 million with monthly payments scheduled over a five-year period beginning in May 2016. Due to the lack of any payment history and limited financial information on this counterparty, we established a full reserve on this promissory note. This reserve (representing the remaining balance on the note) totaled $1.3 million at December 31, 2016. Thus far, this counterparty has made all required monthly payments on the note. As a longer-term payment history is developed, we will continue to evaluate the need for all or any part of a reserve. Deposits and borrowings. Historically, the loyalty of our customer base has allowed us to price deposits competitively, contributing to a net interest margin that compares favorably to our peers. However, we still face a significant amount of competition for deposits within many of the markets served by our branch network, which limits our ability to materially increase deposits without adversely impacting the weighted-average cost of core deposits. To attract new core deposits, we have implemented various account acquisition strategies as well as branch staff sales training. Account acquisition initiatives have historically generated increases in customer relationships. Over the past several years, we have also expanded our treasury management products and services for commercial businesses and municipalities or other governmental units and have also increased our sales calling efforts in order to attract additional deposit relationships from these sectors. We view long-term core deposit growth as an important objective. Core deposits generally provide a more stable and lower cost source of funds than alternative sources such as short-term borrowings. (See ‘‘Liquidity and capital resources.’’) Deposits totaled $2.23 billion and $2.09 billion at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The $139.8 million increase in deposits in 2016 is due to growth in checking, savings and time deposit account balances. Reciprocal deposits totaled $38.7 million and $50.2 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These deposits represent demand, money market and time deposits from our customers that have been placed through 26 Promontory Interfinancial Network’s Insured Cash Sweep® service and Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service®. These services allow our customers to access multi-million dollar FDIC deposit insurance on deposit balances greater than the standard FDIC insurance maximum. We cannot be sure that we will be able to maintain our current level of core deposits. In particular, those deposits that are uninsured may be susceptible to outflow. At December 31, 2016, we had approximately $572.1 million of uninsured deposits. A reduction in core deposits would likely increase our need to rely on wholesale funding sources. We have also implemented strategies that incorporate using federal funds purchased, other borrowings and Brokered CDs to fund a portion of our interest-earning assets. The use of such alternate sources of funds supplements our core deposits and is also a part of our asset/liability management efforts. Other borrowings, comprised almost entirely of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (the ‘‘FHLB’’), totaled $9.4 million and $12.0 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As described above, we utilize wholesale funding, including FHLB borrowings and Brokered CDs to augment our core deposits and fund a portion of our assets. At December 31, 2016, our use of such wholesale funding sources (including reciprocal deposits) amounted to approximately $48.1 million, or 2.2% of total funding (deposits and total borrowings, excluding subordinated debentures). Because wholesale funding sources are affected by general market conditions, the availability of such funding may be dependent on the confidence these sources have in our financial condition and operations. The continued availability to us of these funding sources is not certain, and Brokered CDs may be difficult for us to retain or replace at attractive rates as they mature. Our liquidity may be constrained if we are unable to renew our wholesale funding sources or if adequate financing is not available in the future at acceptable rates of interest or at all. Our financial performance could also be affected if we are unable to maintain our access to funding sources or if we are required to rely more heavily on more expensive funding sources. In such case, our net interest income and results of operations could be adversely affected. We historically employed derivative financial instruments to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates. We discontinued the active use of derivative financial instruments during 2008. We began to again utilize interest-rate swaps in 2014, relating to our commercial lending activities. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we entered into $24.1 million, $24.3 million and $3.3 million (original aggregate notional amounts), respectively, of interest rate swaps with commercial loan customers, which were offset with interest rate swaps that the Bank entered into with a broker-dealer. We recorded $0.380 million, $0.412 million and $0.070 million of fee income related to these transactions during 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Liquidity and capital resources. Liquidity risk is the risk of being unable to timely meet obligations as they come due at a reasonable funding cost or without incurring unacceptable losses. Our liquidity management involves the measurement and monitoring of a variety of sources and uses of funds. Our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows categorize these sources and uses into operating, investing and financing activities. We primarily focus our liquidity management on maintaining adequate levels of liquid assets (primarily funds on deposit with the FRB and certain investment securities) as well as developing access to a variety of borrowing sources to supplement our deposit gathering activities and provide funds for purchasing investment securities or originating Portfolio Loans as well as to be able to respond to unforeseen liquidity needs. Our primary sources of funds include our deposit base, secured advances from the FHLB, a federal funds purchased borrowing facility with another commercial bank, and access to the capital markets (for Brokered CDs). At December 31, 2016, we had $363.4 million of time deposits that mature in the next 12 months. Historically, a majority of these maturing time deposits are renewed by our customers. Additionally, $1.74 billion of our deposits at December 31, 2016, were in account types from which the customer could withdraw the funds on demand. Changes in the balances of deposits that can be withdrawn upon demand are usually predictable and the total balances of these accounts have generally grown or have been stable over time as a result of our marketing and promotional activities. However, there can be no assurance that historical patterns of renewing time deposits or overall growth or stability in deposits will continue in the future. We have developed contingency funding plans that stress test our liquidity needs that may arise from certain events such as an adverse change in our financial metrics (for example, credit quality or regulatory capital ratios). Our liquidity management also includes periodic monitoring that measures quick assets (defined generally as short-term assets with maturities less than 30 days and loans held for sale) to total assets, short-term liability 27 dependence and basic surplus (defined as quick assets compared to short-term liabilities). Policy limits have been established for our various liquidity measurements and are monitored on a monthly basis. In addition, we also prepare cash flow forecasts that include a variety of different scenarios. We believe that we currently have adequate liquidity at our Bank because of our cash and cash equivalents, our portfolio of securities available for sale, our access to secured advances from the FHLB, our ability to issue Brokered CDs and our improved financial metrics. We also believe that the parent company (including time deposits) of approximately $14.5 million as of December 31, 2016 provides sufficient liquidity resources at the parent company to meet operating expenses, to make interest payments on the subordinated debentures and to pay a cash dividend on our common stock for the foreseeable future. the available cash on hand at In the normal course of business, we enter into certain contractual obligations. Such obligations include requirements to make future payments on debt and lease arrangements, contractual commitments for capital expenditures, and service contracts. The table below summarizes our significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2016. CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS (1) 1 Year or Less 1-3 Years 3-5 Years (In thousands) After 5 Years Total Time deposit maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FHLB advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase obligations (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $363,382 1,587 — 1,444 1,757 $ 93,857 5,185 — 2,307 3,514 $27,026 2,656 $ 853 — — 35,569 499 — 1,387 2,196 $485,118 9,428 35,569 5,637 7,467 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $368,170 $104,863 $33,265 $36,921 $543,219 (1) Excludes approximately $0.5 million of accrued tax and interest relative to uncertain tax benefits due to the high degree of uncertainty as to when, or if, those amounts would be paid. (2) Includes contracts with a minimum annual payment of $1.0 million and are not cancellable within one year. Effective management of capital resources is critical to our mission to create value for our shareholders. In addition to common stock, our capital structure also currently includes cumulative trust preferred securities. CAPITALIZATION Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amount not qualifying as regulatory capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amount qualifying as regulatory capital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 35,569 (1,069) 34,500 $ 35,569 (1,069) 34,500 Common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323,745 (65,657) (9,108) 248,980 339,462 (82,334) (6,036) 251,092 Total capitalization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $283,480 $285,592 We currently have three special purpose entities that originally issued $39.5 million of cumulative trust preferred securities. These special purpose entities issued common securities and provided cash to our parent company that in 28 turn issued subordinated debentures to these special purpose entities equal to the trust preferred securities and common securities. The subordinated debentures represent the sole asset of the special purpose entities. The common securities and subordinated debentures are included in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. On December 1, 2014, we purchased 5,000 shares of trust preferred securities (liquidation amount of $1,000 per security, representing a total of $5.0 million) that were issued by IBC Capital Finance IV. The trust preferred securities have been retired along with certain related common stock issued by IBC Capital Finance IV and subordinated debentures issued by us. At both December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had $34.5 million of cumulative trust preferred securities remaining outstanding. The Federal Reserve Board has issued rules regarding trust preferred securities as a component of the Tier 1 capital of bank holding companies. The aggregate amount of trust preferred securities (and certain other capital elements) are limited to 25 percent of Tier 1 capital elements, net of goodwill (net of any associated deferred tax liability). The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit can be included in Tier 2 capital, subject to restrictions. At the parent company, all of these securities qualified as Tier 1 capital at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Although the Dodd-Frank Act further limited Tier 1 treatment for trust preferred securities, those new limits did not apply to our outstanding trust preferred securities. Further, the New Capital Rules grandfathered the treatment of our trust preferred securities as qualifying regulatory capital. Common shareholders’ equity decreased to $249.0 million at December 31, 2016 from $251.1 million at December 31, 2015 due primarily to share repurchases, dividends and an increase in our accumulated other comprehensive loss that was substantially offset by our net income in 2016. Our tangible common equity (‘‘TCE’’) totaled $247.0 million and $248.8 million, respectively, at those same dates. Our ratio of TCE to tangible assets was 9.70% and 10.34% at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. TCE and the ratio of TCE to tangible assets are non-GAAP measures. TCE represents total common equity less intangible assets. In January 2015 and 2016, our Board of Directors authorized share repurchase plans. Under the terms of these share repurchase plans, we were authorized to buy back up to 5% of our outstanding common stock (plus an additional $5.0 million for the 2016 plan). These repurchase plans expired on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During 2016, we repurchased 1,153,136 shares of our comment stock at an average price of $14.62 per share. During 2015, we repurchased 967,199 shares of our comment stock at an average price of $13.96 per share. In January 2017, our Board of Directors authorized another share repurchase plan. Under the terms of the 2017 share repurchase plan, we are authorized to buy back up to 5% of our outstanding common stock. This repurchase plan is authorized to last through December 31, 2017. We resumed a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock of six cents per share in May 2014 and continued to pay regular quarterly dividends at that amount through August 2015. In October 2016 and 2015, our Board of Directors increased the quarterly cash dividend on our common stock to ten cents and eight cents per share, respectively. Because the Bank had negative ‘‘undivided profits’’ (i.e. a retained deficit) during 2014, 2015 and for the first quarter of 2016, under Michigan banking regulations, the Bank was not permitted to pay a dividend. However, we were able to request regulatory approval for a return of capital from the Bank to the parent company. During the first quarter of 2016, we requested regulatory approval for an $18.0 million return of capital from the Bank to the parent company. This return of capital request was approved by our banking regulators on February 24, 2016, and the Bank returned $18.0 million of capital to the parent company on February 25, 2016. Our banking regulators approved previous return of capital requests of $18.5 million and $15.0 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively. In the second quarter of 2016, the Bank returned to a positive retained earnings position. At December 31, 2016, the Bank had positive retained earnings of $9.9 million. In January 2017 and October 2016, the Bank paid $5.0 million dividends to the parent company. Also see note #20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included within this report. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, our Bank (and holding company) continued to meet the requirements to be considered ‘‘well-capitalized’’ under federal regulatory standards (also see note #20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included within this report). 29 Asset/liability management. Interest-rate risk is created by differences in the cash flow characteristics of our assets and liabilities. Options embedded in certain financial instruments, including caps on adjustable-rate loans as well as borrowers’ rights to prepay fixed-rate loans, also create interest-rate risk. Our asset/liability management efforts identify and evaluate opportunities to structure our statement of financial condition in a manner that is consistent with our mission to maintain profitable financial leverage within established risk parameters. We evaluate various opportunities and alternate asset/liability management strategies carefully and consider the likely impact on our risk profile as well as the anticipated contribution to earnings. The marginal cost of funds is a principal consideration in the implementation of our asset/liability management strategies, but such evaluations further consider interest-rate and liquidity risk as well as other pertinent factors. We have established parameters for interest-rate risk. We regularly monitor our interest-rate risk and report at least quarterly to our board of directors. We employ simulation analyses to monitor our interest-rate risk profile and evaluate potential changes in our net interest income and market value of portfolio equity that result from changes in interest rates. The purpose of these simulations is to identify sources of interest-rate risk inherent in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. The simulations do not anticipate any actions that we might initiate in response to changes in interest rates and, accordingly, the simulations do not provide a reliable forecast of anticipated results. The simulations are predicated on immediate, permanent and parallel shifts in interest rates and generally assume that current loan and deposit pricing relationships remain constant. The simulations further incorporate assumptions relating to changes in customer behavior, including changes in prepayment rates on certain assets and liabilities. CHANGES IN MARKET VALUE OF PORTFOLIO EQUITY AND NET INTEREST INCOME Change in Interest Rates Market Value of Portfolio Equity (1) Percent Change Net Interest Income (2) Percent Change (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2016 200 basis point rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 basis point rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Base-rate scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 basis point decline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $427,400 417,800 399,800 366,000 6.90% 4.50 — (8.45) December 31, 2015 200 basis point rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 basis point rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Base-rate scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 basis point decline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $419,600 407,300 387,000 356,500 8.42% 5.25 — (7.88) $84,800 82,500 79,300 73,500 $80,700 78,700 75,900 72,000 6.94% 4.04 — (7.31) 6.32% 3.69 — (5.14) (1) Simulation analyses calculate the change in the net present value of our assets and liabilities, including debt and related financial derivative instruments, under parallel shifts in interest rates by discounting the estimated future cash flows using a market-based discount rate. Cash flow estimates incorporate anticipated changes in prepayment speeds and other embedded options. (2) Simulation analyses calculate the change in net interest income under immediate parallel shifts in interest rates over the next twelve months, based upon a static Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, which includes debt and related financial derivative instruments, and do not consider loan fees. Accounting Standards Update. See note #1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this report for details on recently issued accounting pronouncements and their impact on our financial statements. 30 FAIR VALUATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘‘FASB’’) Accounting Standards Codification (‘‘ASC’’) topic 820 - ‘‘Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures’’ (‘‘FASB ASC topic 820’’) defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. We utilize fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. FASB ASC topic 820 differentiates between those assets and liabilities required to be carried at fair value at every reporting period (‘‘recurring’’) and those assets and liabilities that are only required to be adjusted to fair value under certain circumstances (‘‘nonrecurring’’). Trading securities, securities available- for-sale, loans held for sale, and derivatives are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other financial assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for investment, capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. See note #21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion on our use of fair valuation of financial instruments and the related measurement techniques. LITIGATION MATTERS As described in ‘‘Recent Developments’’ we settled a litigation matter in December 2016 and recorded a $2.3 million expense in the fourth quarter. We are also involved in various other litigation matters in the ordinary course of business. At the present time, we do not believe any of these other matters will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. The aggregate amount we have accrued for losses we consider probable as a result of these other litigation matters is immaterial. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of outcomes from any litigation matter, we believe it is reasonably possible we may incur losses in addition to the amounts we have accrued. At this time, we estimate the maximum amount of additional losses that are reasonably possible is approximately $0.3 million. However, because of a number of factors, including the fact that certain of these other litigation matters are still in their early stages, this maximum amount may change in the future. The litigation matters described in the preceding paragraph primarily include claims that have been brought against us for damages, but do not include litigation matters where we seek to collect amounts owed to us by third parties (such as litigation initiated to collect delinquent loans). These excluded, collection-related matters may involve claims or counterclaims by the opposing party or parties, but we have excluded such matters from the disclosure contained in the preceding paragraph in all cases where we believe the possibility of us paying damages to any opposing party is remote. Risks associated with the likelihood that we will not collect the full amount owed to us, net of reserves, are disclosed elsewhere in this report. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES Our accounting and reporting policies are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry. Accounting and reporting policies for the AFLL, originated mortgage loan servicing rights, and income taxes are deemed critical since they involve the use of estimates and require significant management judgments. Application of assumptions different than those that we have used could result in material changes in our financial position or results of operations. Our methodology for determining the AFLL and related provision for loan losses is described above in ‘‘Portfolio Loans and asset quality.’’ In particular, this area of accounting requires a significant amount of judgment because a multitude of factors can influence the ultimate collection of a loan or other type of credit. It is extremely difficult to precisely measure the amount of probable incurred losses in our loan portfolio. We use a rigorous process to attempt to accurately quantify the necessary AFLL and related provision for loan losses, but there can be no assurance that our modeling process will successfully identify all of the probable incurred losses in our loan portfolio. As a result, we could record future provisions for loan losses that may be significantly different than the levels that we recorded in prior periods. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had approximately $13.7 million and $12.4 million, respectively, of mortgage loan servicing rights capitalized on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. There are several critical assumptions involved in establishing the value of this asset including estimated future prepayment speeds on 31 the underlying mortgage loans, the interest rate used to discount the net cash flows from the mortgage loan servicing, the estimated amount of ancillary income that will be received in the future (such as late fees) and the estimated cost to service the mortgage loans. We believe the assumptions that we utilize in our valuation are reasonable based upon accepted industry practices for valuing mortgage loan servicing rights and represent neither the most conservative or aggressive assumptions. We recorded decreases in the valuation allowance on capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights of $1.0 million and $0.5 million in 2016 and 2015, respectively compared to an increase of $0.9 million in 2014. As of January 1, 2017, we elected the fair value measurement method for our mortgage loan servicing rights (in lieu of the amortization method). We expect the cumulative effective of this accounting change to decrease January 1, 2017 retained deficit by $0.4 million, net of tax. We will no longer record amortization of or impairment against capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights, rather we will now record capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded as an increase or decrease to mortgage loan servicing, net, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our accounting for income taxes involves the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily associated with net operating loss carryforwards and differences in the timing of the recognition of revenues and expenses for financial reporting and tax purposes. At December 31, 2016 we had gross deferred tax assets of $39.2 million, gross deferred tax liabilities of $5.3 million and a valuation allowance of $1.1 million. This compares to gross deferred tax assets of $45.5 million, gross deferred tax liabilities of $4.8 million and a valuation allowance of $1.1 million at December 31, 2015. We assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against our deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a ‘‘more likely than not’’ standard. The ultimate realization of this asset is primarily based on generating future income. We concluded at both December 31, 2016 and 2015, that the realization of substantially all of our deferred tax assets continues to be more likely than not. 32 MANAGEMENT’S ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING The management of Independent Bank Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to us and the board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. We assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. In making this assessment, we used the criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our assessment, management has concluded that as of December 31, 2016, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2016, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. Their report immediately follows our report. William B. Kessel President and Chief Executive Officer Independent Bank Corporation March 7, 2017 Robert N. Shuster Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 33 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Shareholders Independent Bank Corporation Grand Rapids, Michigan We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Independent Bank Corporation as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016. We also have audited Independent Bank Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Independent Bank Corporation’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. limitations, In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Independent Bank Corporation as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, Independent Bank Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Grand Rapids, Michigan March 7, 2017 34 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands, except share amounts) ASSETS Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale, carried at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment plan receivables and other assets held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment plan receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and equipment, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank-owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax assets, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vehicle service contract counterparty receivables, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued income and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 35,238 47,956 83,194 5,591 410 610,616 15,543 35,946 33,360 804,017 538,615 265,616 — 1,608,248 (20,234) 1,588,014 5,004 40,175 54,033 32,818 13,671 2,271 1,932 26,372 $2,548,950 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Deposits Non-interest bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Savings and interest-bearing checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reciprocal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 717,472 1,015,724 38,657 453,866 2,225,719 9,433 35,569 718 28,531 2,299,970 $ 54,260 31,523 85,783 11,866 148 585,484 15,471 27,866 — 748,398 498,036 234,017 34,599 1,515,050 (22,570) 1,492,480 7,150 43,103 54,402 39,635 12,436 7,229 2,280 23,733 $2,409,066 $ 659,793 988,174 50,207 387,789 2,085,963 11,954 35,569 — 24,488 2,157,974 Commitments and contingent liabilities Shareholders’ Equity Preferred stock, no par value, 200,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock, no par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: 21,258,092 shares at December 31, 2016 and 22,251,373 shares at December 31, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — 323,745 (65,657) (9,108) 248,980 $2,548,950 339,462 (82,334) (6,036) 251,092 $2,409,066 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 35 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS Year Ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2014 2016 INTEREST INCOME Interest and fees on loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest on securities Taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Interest Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTEREST EXPENSE Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Interest Expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Interest Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NON-INTEREST INCOME Service charges on deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interchange income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains (losses) on assets Mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other than temporary impairment loss on securities Total impairment loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment loss recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage loan servicing, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Title insurance fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gain on branch sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Non-interest Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NON-INTEREST EXPENSE Compensation and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Occupancy, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture, fixtures and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loan and collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Litigation settlement expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal and professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interchange expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDIC deposit insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit card and bank service fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on sale of payment plan business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (gains) losses on other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loss reimbursement on sold loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Non-interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income Before Income Tax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income per common share Basic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared and paid per common share. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $74,157 $70,930 $71,823 9,921 1,250 1,195 86,523 4,941 1,941 6,882 79,641 (1,309) 80,950 12,406 7,938 10,566 563 — — — 2,222 1,187 — — 7,416 42,298 49,579 8,023 7,952 3,912 3,142 2,512 2,300 1,856 1,742 1,111 1,049 791 320 250 30 5,778 90,347 32,901 10,135 $22,766 $ $ $ 1.06 1.05 0.34 7,805 907 1,200 80,842 4,009 1,847 5,856 74,986 (2,714) 77,700 12,389 8,481 7,448 20 — — — 1,751 1,156 1,193 — 7,692 40,130 48,186 8,369 7,944 3,892 2,957 3,609 — 2,121 2,013 1,125 1,366 797 — (180) (59) 6,310 88,450 29,380 9,363 $20,017 $ $ $ 0.88 0.86 0.26 6,341 991 1,400 80,555 4,967 2,332 7,299 73,256 (3,136) 76,392 13,446 8,164 5,628 329 (9) — (9) 791 995 — 500 8,931 38,775 47,221 8,912 7,532 4,137 2,926 5,392 — 2,193 1,969 1,291 1,567 946 — (500) (466) 6,831 89,951 25,216 7,195 $18,021 $ $ $ 0.79 0.77 0.18 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 36 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss) $22,766 $20,017 $18,021 Securities available for sale Unrealized gain (loss) arising during period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in unrealized gains and losses for which a portion of other (4,465) (540) 5,095 than temporary impairment has been recognized in earnings . . . . . . . 40 Reclassification adjustment for other than temporary impairment included in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification adjustments for gains included in earnings . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense (benefit). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive — (301) (4,726) (1,654) — — (75) 398 9 (329) (615) (215) 5,173 1,811 income (loss) on securities available for sale, net of tax . . . . . . . (3,072) (400) 3,362 Derivative instruments Reclassification adjustment for accretion on settled derivatives . . . . . . . Unrealized gains recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivative instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gains recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — — — — — — — Other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3,072) (400) 380 380 133 247 3,609 Comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,694 $19,617 $21,630 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 37 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Balances at January 1, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income for 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared, $.18 per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Issuance of 30,828 shares of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation (issuance of 107,359 shares of common stock) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balances at December 31, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income for 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared, $.26 per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repurchase of 967,199 shares of common stock. . . . . . . . . Issuance of 39,610 shares of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation (issuance of 299,263 shares of common stock) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation withholding obligation (withholding of 77,624 shares of common stock) . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balances at December 31, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle . . . . . Balances at December 31, 2015, as adjusted . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income for 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared, $.34 per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repurchase of 1,153,136 shares of common stock . . . . . . . Issuance of 21,402 shares of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation (issuance of 180,380 shares of common stock) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation withholding obligation (withholding of 41,927 shares of common stock) . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,192 — 352,462 — — (13,498) 112 1,477 (1,091) — 339,462 62 339,524 — — (16,854) 82 1,620 (627) — Common Stock Accumulated Deficit $351,173 — — 97 $(110,347) 18,021 (4,129) — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss $(9,245) — — — — 3,609 (5,636) — — — — Total Shareholders’ Equity $231,581 18,021 (4,129) 97 1,192 3,609 250,371 20,017 (5,896) (13,498) 112 — 1,477 — (400) (6,036) — (6,036) — — — — (1,091) (400) 251,092 1,247 252,339 22,766 (7,274) (16,854) 82 — — (96,455) 20,017 (5,896) — — — — — (82,334) 1,185 (81,149) 22,766 (7,274) — — — — — — 1,620 — (3,072) (627) (3,072) Balances at December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $323,745 $ (65,657) $(9,108) $248,980 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 38 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADJUSTMENTS TO RECONCILE NET INCOME TO NET CASH FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disbursements for loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred loan fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and premiums and accretion of discounts on securities, loans and interest bearning deposits - time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities impairment recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (gains) losses on other real estate and repossessed assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vehicle service contract counterparty contingencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Litigation settlement expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss on sale of payment plan business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gain on branch sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in accrued income and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Adjustments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash From Operating Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CASH FLOW USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from the maturity of securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principal payments received on securities available for sale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from the maturity of interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of Federal Reserve Bank stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net increase in portfolio loans (loans originated, net of principal payments). . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of portfolio loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash paid for branch sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from the collection of vehicle service contract counterparty receivables . . . . . . . . Proceeds from the sale of other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash Used in Investing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES Net increase in total deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net decrease in other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net decrease in vehicle service contract counterparty payables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repurchase of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation withholding obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redemption of subordinated debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash From Financing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash paid during the year for Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfers to other real estate and repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfer of payment plan receivables to vehicle service contract counterparty receivables . . . . Purchase of securities available for sale and interest bearing deposits - time not yet settled . . . Transfers to payment plan receivables and other assets held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfers to other liabilities held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 22,766 (In thousands) $ 20,017 $ 18,021 324,828 (322,342) (1,309) 8,064 (1,911) 288,852 (285,608) (2,714) 8,997 (1,234) 228,906 (226,550) (3,136) 8,918 (753) 5,216 (10,566) (563) — 250 (50) 1,620 2,300 320 — — (5,478) 838 1,217 23,983 64,103 40,530 162,499 (297,925) — 6,253 371 (443) (107,472) (15,000) — 4,786 4,251 2,235 416 (3,459) (138,855) 139,756 — — (2,521) (279) (7,274) 82 (16,854) (627) — 112,283 (2,589) 85,783 $ 83,194 $ 6,416 563 2,355 200 1,582 33,360 718 4,553 (7,448) (20) — (180) 119 1,477 — — (1,193) — (1,387) (196) 4,018 24,035 12,037 36,808 130,232 (234,693) (4,595) 6,222 4,906 (458) (74,343) (32,872) (7,229) 1,092 6,179 — 555 (4,354) (160,513) 170,314 (1) 100 (615) (1,180) (5,896) 112 (13,498) (1,091) — 148,245 11,767 74,016 $ 85,783 $ 5,769 295 6,694 1,203 — — — 3,014 (5,628) (329) 9 (500) 199 1,192 — — — (500) (2,579) (7,213) (4,950) 13,071 14,633 58,220 84,487 (224,946) (2,401) 6,719 3,814 (314) (37,195) — — 385 18,471 — 309 (4,298) (82,116) 39,496 (1) 100 (4,817) (2,112) (4,129) 97 — — (4,654) 23,980 (45,065) 119,081 $ 74,016 $ 7,365 216 6,143 180 265 — — See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 39 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1 – ACCOUNTING POLICIES The accounting and reporting policies and practices of Independent Bank Corporation and subsidiaries conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and prevailing practices within the banking industry. Our critical accounting policies include the determination of the AFLL, the valuation of originated mortgage loan servicing rights and the valuation of deferred tax assets. We are required to make material estimates and assumptions that are particularly susceptible to changes in the near term as we prepare the consolidated financial statements and report amounts for each of these items. Actual results may vary from these estimates. Our subsidiary Independent Bank (‘‘Bank’’) transacts business in the single industry of commercial banking. Our Bank’s activities cover traditional phases of commercial banking, including checking and savings accounts, commercial lending, direct and indirect consumer financing and mortgage lending. Our principal markets are the rural and suburban communities across Lower Michigan and Ohio that are served by our Bank’s branches and loan production offices. We also purchase payment plans from companies (which we refer to as ‘‘counterparties’’) that provide vehicle service contracts and similar products to consumers, through our wholly owned subsidiary, Mepco Finance Corporation (‘‘Mepco’’). At December 31, 2016, 72.2% of our Bank’s loan portfolio was secured by real estate. PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Independent Bank Corporation and its subsidiaries. The income, expenses, assets and liabilities of the subsidiaries are included in the respective accounts of the consolidated financial statements, after elimination of all material intercompany accounts and transactions. STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS — For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, interest bearing deposits and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are sold for one-day periods. We report net cash flows for customer loan and deposit transactions, for short-term borrowings and for vehicle service contract counterparty payables. INTEREST BEARING DEPOSITS — Interest bearing deposits consist of overnight deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank. INTEREST BEARING DEPOSITS - TIME — Interest bearing deposits - time consist of deposits with original maturities of 3 months or more. LOANS HELD FOR SALE — Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair value. Fair value adjustments, as well as realized gains and losses, are recorded in current earnings. PAYMENT PLAN RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS HELD FOR SALE — On December 30, 2016 Mepco executed an Asset Purchase Agreement (the ‘‘APA’’) with Seabury Asset Management LLC (‘‘Seabury’’). Pursuant to the terms of the APA, Mepco is selling its payment plan processing business, payment plan receivables ($30.6 million), commercial loans ($0.8 million) and certain other assets ($2.0 million) to Seabury, who also is assuming certain liabilities ($0.7 million) of Mepco. These assets and liabilities are categorized as ‘‘held for sale’’ in our December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. This transaction is expected to close during the first half of 2017. These assets and corresponding liabilities held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value on an aggregate basis. Fair value adjustments, if any, are recorded in current earnings. OPERATING SEGMENTS — While chief decision-makers monitor the revenue streams of our various products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated as one single unit. Discrete financial information is not available other than on a consolidated basis for material lines of business. Prior to 2016, we reported on two segments: Independent Bank and Mepco. However, given the significant reduction in the size of Mepco’s business and its relative immateriality, we have now eliminated any separate segment reporting on Mepco. CAPITALIZED MORTGAGE LOAN SERVICING RIGHTS — We recognize as separate assets the rights to service mortgage loans for others. The fair value of originated mortgage loan servicing rights has been determined based upon fair value indications for similar servicing. The mortgage loan servicing rights are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net loan servicing income. We assess mortgage loan servicing rights for impairment based on the fair value of those rights. For purposes of measuring impairment, the characteristics used include interest rate, term and type. Amortization of and changes in the impairment reserve on originated mortgage loan servicing rights are included in mortgage loan servicing, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The 40 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) fair values of mortgage loan servicing rights are subject to significant fluctuations as a result of changes in estimated and actual prepayment speeds and default rates and losses. Mortgage loan servicing income is recorded for fees earned for servicing loans previously sold. The fees are generally based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal and are recorded as income when earned. Mortgage loan servicing fees, excluding amortization of and changes in the impairment reserve on originated mortgage loan servicing rights, totaled $4.1 million, $4.1 million and $4.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Late fees and ancillary fees related to loan servicing are not material. As of January 1, 2017, we elected the fair value measurement method for our mortgage loan servicing rights (in lieu of the amortization method). We expect the cumulative effective of this accounting change to decrease January 1, 2017 retained deficit by $0.4 million, net of tax. We will no longer record amortization of or impairment against capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights, rather we will now record capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recorded as an increase or decrease to mortgage loan servicing, net, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS — Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from us, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and we do not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. SECURITIES — We classify our securities as trading, held to maturity or available for sale. Trading securities are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term and are reported at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. Securities held to maturity represent those securities for which we have the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity and are reported at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts computed on the level-yield method. We did not have any securities held to maturity at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Securities available for sale represent those securities not classified as trading or held to maturity and are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable income taxes reported in other comprehensive income (loss). We evaluate securities for other than temporary impairment (‘‘OTTI’’) at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. In performing this evaluation, management considers (1) the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (3) the impact of changes in market interest rates on the market value of the security and (4) an assessment of whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For securities that do not meet the aforementioned recovery criteria, the amount of impairment recognized in earnings is limited to the amount related to credit losses, while impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis. Gains and losses realized on the sale of securities available for sale are determined using the specific identification method and are recognized on a trade-date basis. FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK (‘‘FHLB’’) STOCK — Our Bank subsidiary is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income in interest income-other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. FEDERAL RESERVE BANK (‘‘FRB’’) STOCK — Our Bank subsidiary is a member of its regional Federal Reserve Bank. FRB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income in interest income-other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. LOAN REVENUE RECOGNITION — Interest on loans is accrued based on the principal amounts outstanding. In general, the accrual of interest income is discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due for commercial loans and installment loans and when a loan misses four consecutive payments for mortgage loans and the borrower’s capacity to repay the loan and collateral values appear insufficient for each loan class. However, loans may be placed 41 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) on non-accrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due if, in management’s opinion, the borrower is unable to meet payment obligations as they become due or as required by regulatory provisions. All interest accrued but not received for all loans placed on non-accrual is reversed from interest income. Payments on such loans are generally applied to the principal balance until qualifying to be returned to accrual status. A non-accrual loan may be restored to accrual status when interest and principal payments are current and the loan appears otherwise collectible. Delinquency status for all classes in the commercial and installment loan segments is based on the actual number of days past due as required by the contractual terms of the loan agreement while delinquency status for mortgage loan segment classes is based on the number of payments past due. Certain loan fees and direct loan origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of yield generally over the contractual life of the related loan. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are deferred until the loan is advanced and are then recognized generally over the contractual life of the loan as an adjustment of yield. Fees on commitments that expire unused are recognized at expiration. Fees received for letters of credit are recognized as revenue over the life of the commitment. PAYMENT PLAN RECEIVABLE REVENUE RECOGNITION — Payment plan receivables are acquired by Mepco at a discount and reported net of this discount in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. This discount is accreted into interest and fees on loans in the Consolidated Statements of Operations over the life of the receivable computed on a level-yield method. All classes of payment plan receivables that have been canceled and are 90 days or more past due as required by the contractual terms of the payment plan are classified as non-accrual. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES — Portfolios are disaggregated into segments for purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses (‘‘AFLL’’) which include commercial, mortgage and installment loans and prior to December 31, 2016, payment plan receivables. These segments are further disaggregated into classes for purposes of monitoring and assessing credit quality based on certain risk characteristics. Classes within the commercial loan segment include (i) income producing – real estate, (ii) land, land development and construction – real estate and (iii) commercial and industrial. Classes within the mortgage loan segment include (i) 1-4 family, (ii) resort lending, (iii) home equity – 1st lien, (iv) home equity – 2nd lien and beginning in 2015 (v) purchased loans. Classes within the installment loan segment include (i) home equity – 1st lien, (ii) home equity – 2nd lien, (iii) loans not secured by real estate and (iv) other. Classes within the payment plan receivables segment include (i) full refund, (ii) partial refund and (iii) other. Commercial loans are subject to adverse market conditions which may impact the borrower’s ability to make repayment on the loan or could cause a decline in the value of the collateral that secures the loan. Mortgage and installment loans and payment plan receivables are subject to adverse employment conditions in the local economy which could increase default rates. In addition, mortgage loans and real estate based installment loans are subject to adverse market conditions which could cause a decline in the value of collateral that secures the loan. For an analysis of the AFLL by portfolio segment and credit quality information by class, see note #4. Some loans will not be repaid in full. Therefore, an AFLL is maintained at a level which represents our best estimate of losses incurred. In determining the AFLL and the related provision for loan losses, we consider four principal elements: (i) specific allocations based upon probable losses identified during the review of the loan portfolio, (ii) allocations established for other adversely rated commercial loans, (iii) allocations based principally on historical loan loss experience, and (iv) additional allocations based on subjective factors, including local and general economic business factors and trends, portfolio concentrations and changes in the size and/or the general terms of the loan portfolios. The first AFLL element (specific allocations) reflects our estimate of probable incurred losses based upon our systematic review of specific loans. These estimates are based upon a number of objective factors, such as payment history, financial condition of the borrower, discounted collateral exposure and discounted cash flow analysis. Impaired commercial, mortgage and installment loans are allocated allowance amounts using this first element. The second AFLL element (other adversely rated commercial loans) reflects the application of our loan rating system. This rating system is similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulators. Commercial loans that are rated below a certain predetermined classification are assigned a loss allocation factor for each loan classification category that is based upon a historical analysis of both the probability of default and the expected loss rate (‘‘loss given default’’). The lower the rating assigned to a loan or category, the greater the allocation percentage that is applied. The third AFLL element (historical loss allocations) is determined by assigning allocations to higher rated (‘‘non-watch credit’’) commercial loans using a probability of default and loss given default similar to the second 42 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) AFLL element and to homogenous mortgage and installment loan groups based upon borrower credit score and portfolio segment. For homogenous mortgage and installment loans a probability of default for each homogenous pool is calculated by way of credit score migration. Historical loss data for each homogenous pool coupled with the associated probability of default is utilized to calculate an expected loss allocation rate. The fourth AFLL element (additional allocations based on subjective factors) is based on factors that cannot be associated with a specific credit or loan category and reflects our attempt to reasonably ensure that the overall AFLL appropriately reflects a margin for the imprecision necessarily inherent in the estimates of expected credit losses. We consider a number of subjective factors when determining this fourth element, including local and general economic business factors and trends, portfolio concentrations and changes in the size, mix and the general terms of the overall loan portfolio. Increases in the AFLL are recorded by a provision for loan losses charged to expense. Although we periodically allocate portions of the AFLL to specific loans and loan portfolios, the entire AFLL is available for incurred losses. We generally charge-off commercial, homogenous residential mortgage and installment loans and payment plan receivables when they are deemed uncollectible or reach a predetermined number of days past due based on loan product, industry practice and other factors. Collection efforts may continue and recoveries may occur after a loan is charged against the AFLL. While we use relevant information to recognize losses on loans, additional provisions for related losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions, customer circumstances and other credit risk factors. A loan is impaired when full payment under the loan terms is not expected. Generally, those loans included in each commercial loan class that are rated substandard, classified as non-performing or were classified as non-performing in the preceding quarter, are evaluated for impairment. Those loans included in each mortgage loan or installment loan class whose terms have been modified and considered a troubled debt restructuring are also impaired. Loans which have been modified resulting in a concession, and which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings (‘‘TDR’’) and classified as impaired. We measure our investment in an impaired loan based on one of three methods: the loan’s observable market price, the fair value of the collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as those loans included in each installment and mortgage loan class and each payment plan receivable class, are collectively evaluated for impairment and accordingly, they are not separately identified for impairment disclosures. TDR loans are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate at inception of the loan. If a TDR is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported net, at the fair value of collateral. A loan can be removed from TDR status if it is subsequently restructured and the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulties and the newly restructured agreement does not contain any concessions to the borrower. The new agreement must specify market terms, including a contractual interest rate not less than a market interest rate for new debt with similar credit risk characteristics, and other terms no less favorable to us than those we would offer for similar new debt. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT — Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using both straight-line and accelerated methods over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Buildings are generally depreciated over a period not exceeding 39 years and equipment is generally depreciated over periods not exceeding 7 years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful life or lease period. BANK OWNED LIFE INSURANCE — We have purchased a group flexible premium non-participating variable life insurance contract on approximately 267 lives (who were salaried employees at the time we purchased the contract) in order to recover the cost of providing certain employee benefits. Bank owned life insurance is recorded at its cash surrender value or the amount that can be currently realized. OTHER REAL ESTATE AND REPOSSESSED ASSETS — Other real estate at the time of acquisition is recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell, which becomes the property’s new basis. Fair value is typically determined by a third party appraisal of the property. Any write-downs at date of acquisition are charged to the AFLL. Expense incurred in maintaining other real estate and subsequent write-downs to reflect declines in value and gains or losses on the sale of other real estate are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Non-real estate repossessed assets are treated in a similar manner. 43 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) OTHER INTANGIBLES — Other intangible assets consist of core deposits. They are initially measured at fair value and then are amortized on both straight-line and accelerated methods over their estimated useful lives, which range from 10 to 15 years. VEHICLE SERVICE CONTRACT COUNTERPARTY RECEIVABLES, NET — These amounts represent funds due to Mepco from its counterparties for cancelled service contracts. Upon the cancellation of a service contract and the completion of the billing process to the counterparties for amounts due to Mepco, there is a decrease in the amount of ‘‘payment plan receivables’’ and an increase in the amount of ‘‘vehicle service contract counterparty receivables’’ until such time as the amount due from the counterparty is collected. INCOME TAXES — We employ the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method establishes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. Under this method, the effect of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. The deferred tax asset is subject to a valuation allowance for that portion of the asset for which it is more likely than not that it will not be realized. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. We recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. We file a consolidated federal income tax return. Intercompany tax liabilities are settled as if each subsidiary filed a separate return. COMMITMENTS TO EXTEND CREDIT AND RELATED FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — Financial instruments may include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Financial instruments involve varying degrees of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of amounts reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Exposure to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the financial instruments for loan commitments to extend credit and letters of credit is represented by the contractual amounts of those instruments. In general, we use a similar methodology to estimate our liability for these off-balance sheet credit exposures as we do for our AFLL. For commercial related commitments, we estimate liability using our loan rating system and for mortgage and installment commitments we estimate liability principally upon historical loss experience. Our estimated liability for off balance sheet commitments is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and any charge or recovery is recorded in non-interest expense - other in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — We record derivatives on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as assets and liabilities measured at their fair value. The accounting for increases and decreases in the value of derivatives depends upon the use of derivatives and whether the derivatives qualify for hedge accounting. At the inception of the derivative we designate the derivative as one of three types based on our intention and belief as to likely effectiveness as a hedge. These three types are (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (‘‘Fair Value Hedge’’), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (‘‘Cash Flow Hedge’’), or (3) an instrument with no hedging designation. For a Fair Value Hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change. For a Cash Flow Hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and is reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. We did not have any Fair Value Hedges or Cash Flow Hedges at December 31, 2016 or 2015. For both types of hedges, changes in the fair value of derivatives that are not highly effective in hedging the changes in fair value or expected cash flows of the hedged item are recognized immediately in current earnings. For instruments with no hedging designation, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in earnings. These free standing instruments currently consist of (i) mortgage banking related derivatives and include rate-lock loan commitments to fund mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and mandatory forward commitments for the future delivery of these mortgage loans, (ii) certain pay-fixed and pay-variable interest rate swap agreements related to commercial loan customers and 44 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) (iii) certain purchased and written options related to a time deposit product. Fair values of the mortgage derivatives are estimated based on mortgage backed security pricing for comparable assets. We enter into mandatory forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans generally when interest rate locks are entered into in order to hedge the change in interest rates resulting from our commitments to fund the loans. Changes in the fair values of these derivatives are included in net gains on mortgage loans in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair values of the pay-fixed and pay-variable interest rate swap agreements are based on discounted cash flow analyses and are included in net interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair values of the purchased and written options are based on prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics and are included in net interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest expense. Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in non-interest income (mortgage banking related derivatives) or net interest income (interest rate swap agreements and options). Cash flows on hedges are classified in the cash flow statement the same as the cash flows of the items being hedged. We formally document the relationship between derivatives and hedged items, as well as the risk- management objective and the strategy for undertaking hedge transactions, at the inception of the hedging relationship. This documentation includes linking Fair Value or Cash Flow Hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. We also assess, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative instruments that are used are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items. We discontinue hedge accounting when it is determined that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative is settled or terminates, a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, a hedged firm commitment is no longer firm, or treatment of the derivative as a hedge is no longer appropriate or intended. When hedge accounting is discontinued, subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded in earnings. When a fair value hedge is discontinued, the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value and the existing basis adjustment is amortized or accreted over the remaining life of the asset or liability. When a cash flow hedge is discontinued but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transactions are still expected to occur, gains or losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive loss are amortized into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME — Comprehensive income consists of net income, unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale and derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE — Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and participating share awards. All outstanding unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to nonforfeitable dividends are considered participating securities for this calculation. For diluted net income per common share, net income is divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus the assumed exercise of stock options, restricted stock units, performance share units and stock units for a deferred compensation plan for non-employee directors. SHARE BASED COMPENSATION — Cost is recognized for non-vested share awards issued to employees based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. A simulation analysis which considers potential outcomes for a large number of independent scenarios is utilized to estimate the fair value of performance share units and the market price of our common stock at the date of grant is used for other non-vested share awards. Cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. Cost is also recognized for stock issued to non-employee directors. These shares vest immediately and cost is recognized during the period they are issued. COMMON STOCK — At December 31, 2016, 0.1 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the dividend reinvestment plan and 0.4 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under our long-term incentive plans. RECLASSIFICATION — Certain amounts in the 2015 and 2014 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2016 presentation. 45 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) ADOPTION OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS — In June 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘‘FASB’’) issued Accounting Standards Update (‘‘ASU’’) 2014-12, ‘‘Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) – Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved After the Requisite Service Period’’. This ASU amends existing guidance related to the accounting for share-based payments when the terms of an award provide that a performance target could be achieved after the requisite service period. These amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. The total amount of compensation cost recognized during and after the requisite service period should reflect the number of awards that are expected to vest and should be adjusted to reflect those awards that ultimately vest. The requisite service period ends when the employee can cease rendering service and still be eligible to vest in the award if the performance target is achieved. This amended guidance became effective for us on January 1, 2016, and did not have a material impact on our consolidated operating results or financial condition. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, ‘‘Compensation – Stock Compensation (718) Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting’’. This ASU amends existing guidance in an effort to simplify certain aspects of accounting for share-based payments. The areas for simplification in this ASU include income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. This amended guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2017, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this amended guidance during the second quarter of 2016 using a modified retrospective approach. The impact of this adoption was to adjust our January 1, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to reflect cumulative effect adjustments as follows: January 1, 2016 Originally Presented Cumulative Retrospective Adjustments (Dollars in thousands) January 1, 2016 Adjusted Deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 39,635 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,409,066 Common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 339,462 Accumulated deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (82,334) Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 251,092 Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,409,066 $1,247 $1,247 $ 62 $1,185 $1,247 $1,247 $ 40,882 $2,410,313 $ 339,524 $ (81,149) $ 252,339 $2,410,313 The adjustments above reflect the recording of $1.23 million of unrealized excess benefits on share based compensation and $0.06 million (impact to equity of $0.02 million after consideration of deferred taxes) for the impact of making an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. After January 1, 2016, excess tax benefits or deficiencies resulting from share-based payments will be recognized as tax benefit or expense when they occur. Tax benefits of $0.3 million were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2016, as a result of share awards vesting and stock option exercises. In addition, we have elected to apply the amendments related to the presentation of excess tax benefits in the statement of cash flows on a prospective basis. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, ‘‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)’’. This ASU supersedes and replaces nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance, establishes a new control-based revenue recognition model, changes the basis for deciding when revenue is recognized over time or at a point in time, provides new and more detailed guidance on specific topics and expands and improves disclosures about revenue. In addition, this ASU specifies the accounting for some costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer. This amended guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2018, and is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated operating results or financial condition. Financial instruments for the most part and related contractual rights and obligations which are the sources of the majority of our operating revenue are excluded from the scope of this amended guidance. In addition, for those operating revenue streams that are included in the scope of this amended guidance, based upon our review of these sources of income we do not believe they will be materially impacted by this amended guidance. 46 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, ‘‘Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) – Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities’’. This ASU amends existing guidance related to the accounting for certain financial assets and liabilities. These amendments, among other things, requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. This amended guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2018. We have reviewed the types of financial instruments impacted by this amended guidance, including certain equity investments and liabilities measured under the fair value election, and have determined that we do not currently own any such instruments. The balance of this amended guidance is expected to impact certain disclosure items but is not expected to have any impact on our consolidated operating results or financial condition. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, ‘‘Leases (Topic 842)’’. This ASU amends existing guidance related to the accounting for leases. These amendments, among other things, requires lessees to account for most leases on the balance sheet while recognizing expense on the income statement in a manner similar to existing guidance. For lessors the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct finance leases. This amended guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated operating results or financial condition. Based on a review of our operating leases that we currently have in place (see note #18) we do not expect a material change in the recognition, measurement and presentation of lease expense or impact on cash flow. While the primary impact will be the recognition of certain operating leases on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, this impact is not expected to be material. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, ‘‘Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments’’. This ASU significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. This ASU will replace today’s ‘‘incurred loss’’ approach with an ‘‘expected loss’’ model for instruments measured at amortized cost. For securities available for sale, allowances will be recorded rather than reducing the carrying amount as is done under the current other-than-temporary impairment model. This ASU also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. This amended guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2020. We began evaluating this ASU in 2016 and have formed a committee that includes personnel from various areas of the Bank that meets regularly to discuss the implementation of this ASU. We are in the process of gathering data and reviewing loss methodologies as well as reviewing certain software applications that would assist us in the implementation of this ASU. While we have not yet determined what the impact will be on our consolidated operating results or financial condition by the nature of the implementation of an expected loss model compared to an incurred loss approach, we would expect our AFLL to increase under this ASU. NOTE 2 – RESTRICTIONS ON CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS Our Bank is required to maintain reserve balances in the form of vault cash and non-interest earning balances with the FRB. The average reserve balances to be maintained during 2016 and 2015 were $4.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively. We do not maintain compensating balances with correspondent banks. We are also required to maintain reserve balances related primarily to our merchant payment processing operations and for certain investment security transactions. These balances are held at unrelated financial institutions and totaled $2.4 million and $2.5 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 47 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 3 – SECURITIES Securities available for sale consist of the following at December 31: 2016 U.S. agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private label mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortized Cost $ 28,909 156,053 12,799 35,035 146,829 175,180 56,356 2,922 1,626 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $615,709 2015 U.S. agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private label mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 47,283 195,055 34,017 5,061 117,431 145,193 38,895 2,916 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $585,851 Unrealized Gains Losses Fair Value (In thousands) $ 159 1,173 28 216 271 478 223 — — $2,548 $ 309 1,584 94 161 54 941 9 — $3,152 $ 80 937 195 524 391 4,759 399 343 13 $ 28,988 156,289 12,632 34,727 146,709 170,899 56,180 2,579 1,613 $7,641 $610,616 $ 80 583 83 319 581 1,150 290 433 $ 47,512 196,056 34,028 4,903 116,904 144,984 38,614 2,483 $3,519 $585,484 Total OTTI recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss for securities available for sale was zero at both December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our investments’ gross unrealized losses and fair values aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual securities have been at a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31 follows: Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or More Unrealized Losses Unrealized Losses Fair Value Fair Value (In thousands) Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses 2016 U.S. agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,179 62,524 U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . 6,079 U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . 20,545 Private label mortgage-backed. . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,958 Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,078 25,546 — 1,613 $ 41 732 194 281 172 4,014 292 — 13 $ 8,217 20,857 143 1,413 17,763 14,623 2,810 2,579 — $ 39 205 1 243 219 745 107 343 — $ 12,396 83,381 6,222 21,958 70,721 127,701 28,356 2,579 1,613 $ 80 937 195 524 391 4,759 399 343 13 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $286,522 $5,739 $68,405 $1,902 $354,927 $7,641 48 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Less Than Twelve Months Twelve Months or More Unrealized Losses Unrealized Losses Fair Value Fair Value (In thousands) Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses 2015 U.S. agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,164 57,538 U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . 16,747 U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . — Private label mortgage-backed. . . . . . . . . . . . 102,660 Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,493 30,550 — $ 47 316 60 — 434 597 290 — $ 6,746 23,340 2,247 3,393 5,189 12,240 — 2,483 $ 33 267 23 319 147 553 — 433 $ 18,910 80,878 18,994 3,393 107,849 $ 80 583 83 319 581 64,733 30,550 2,483 1,150 290 433 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $272,152 $1,744 $55,638 $1,775 $327,790 $3,519 Our portfolio of securities available for sale is reviewed quarterly for impairment in value. In performing this review, management considers (1) the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (3) the impact of changes in market interest rates on the market value of the security and (4) an assessment of whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For securities that do not meet the aforementioned recovery criteria, the amount of impairment recognized in earnings is limited to the amount related to credit losses, while impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). U.S. agency, U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed securities and U.S. agency commercial mortgage backed securities — at December 31, 2016, we had 25 U.S. agency, 118 U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed and nine U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed securities whose fair market value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized losses are largely attributed to increases in interest rates since acquisition and widening spreads to Treasury bonds. As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary. Private label residential mortgage backed securities — at December 31, 2016, we had 34 of this type of security whose fair value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized losses are centered in four securities purchased prior to 2016. Two of these four securities have an impairment in excess of 10% and all four of these holdings have been impaired for more than 12 months. The unrealized losses are largely attributable to credit spread widening on these four securities since their acquisition. These four securities are receiving principal and interest payments. Most of these transactions are pass-through structures, receiving pro rata principal and interest payments from a dedicated collateral pool. The nonreceipt of interest cash flows is not expected and thus not presently considered in our discounted cash flow methodology discussed below. These four private label mortgage-backed securities are reviewed for OTTI utilizing a cash flow projection. The cash flow analysis forecasts cash flow from the underlying loans in each transaction and then applies these cash flows to the bonds in the securitization. Our cash flow analysis forecasts complete recovery of our cost basis for all four of these securities whose fair value is less than amortized cost. As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no other declines discussed above are deemed to be other than temporary. 49 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Other asset backed — at December 31, 2016, we had 111 other asset backed securities whose fair value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized losses are primarily due to credit spread widening and increases in interest rates since acquisition. As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary. Obligations of states and political subdivisions — at December 31, 2016, we had 329 municipal securities whose fair value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized losses are primarily due to increases in interest rates since acquisition. Fifty-one of these securities have an impairment in excess of 10%. The larger relative impairments on obligations of states and political subdivisions is due primarily to the longer maturities of many of the securities in this portfolio and interest rate spread widening relative to treasury securities in late 2016, due in part, to market reaction to the potential for a future reduction in corporate income tax rates, which would reduce the tax benefit of owning tax-exempt securities. As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary. Corporate — at December 31, 2016, we had 30 corporate securities whose fair value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized losses are primarily due to credit spread widening and increases in interest rates since acquisition. As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary. Trust preferred securities — at December 31, 2016, we had three trust preferred securities whose fair value is less than amortized cost. All of our trust preferred securities are single issue securities issued by a trust subsidiary of a bank holding company. The pricing of trust preferred securities has suffered from credit spread widening. One of the three securities is rated by two major rating agencies as investment grade, while one (a Bank of America issuance) is rated below investment grade by two major rating agencies and the other one is non-rated. The non-rated issue is a relatively small bank and was never rated. The issuer of this non-rated trust preferred security, which had a total amortized cost of $1.0 million and total fair value of $0.8 million as of December 31, 2016, continues to have satisfactory credit metrics and make interest payments. The following table breaks out our trust preferred securities in further detail as of December 31: 2016 2015 Fair Value Net Unrealized Loss Fair Value Net Unrealized Loss (In thousands) Trust preferred securities Rated issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrated issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,800 779 $(123) (220) $1,690 793 $(226) (207) As management does not intend to liquidate these securities and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities prior to recovery of these unrealized losses, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary. Foreign government — at December 31, 2016, we had one foreign government security whose fair value is less than amortized cost. The unrealized loss is primarily due to increases in interest rates since acquisition. As management does not intend to liquidate this security and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell this security prior to recovery of this unrealized loss, this decline is not deemed to be other than temporary. We recorded zero credit related OTTI charges in the Consolidated Statements of Operations on securities available for sale during 2016 and 2015 and $0.01 million during 2014. 50 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) At December 31, 2016, three private label residential mortgage-backed securities had credit related OTTI and are summarized as follows: As of December 31, 2016 Fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortized cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-credit unrealized loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cumulative credit related OTTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit related OTTI recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Operations For the years ended December 31, Senior Security $1,226 1,184 — 42 757 Super Senior Security Senior Support Security (In thousands) $1,096 1,029 — 67 457 $ 74 — — 74 380 Total $2,396 2,213 — 183 1,594 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — — — — 9 $ — — — $ — — 9 Each of these securities is receiving principal and interest payments similar to principal reductions in the underlying collateral. All three of these securities have unrealized gains at December 31, 2016. The original amortized cost for each of these securities has been permanently adjusted downward for previously recorded credit related OTTI. The unrealized loss (based on original amortized cost) for these securities is now less than previously recorded credit related OTTI amounts. A roll forward of credit losses recognized in earnings on securities available for sale for the years ending December 31 follow: 2016 2015 (In thousands) 2014 Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,844 $1,844 $1,835 Additions to credit losses on securities for which no previous OTTI was recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increases to credit losses on securities for which OTTI was previously recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — — — — 9 Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,844 $1,844 $1,844 The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale at December 31, 2016, by contractual maturity, follow: Maturing within one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturing after one year but within five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturing after five years but within ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturing after ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private label mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortized Cost Fair Value (In thousands) $ 18,728 102,330 79,798 64,137 264,993 156,053 12,799 35,035 146,829 $ 18,751 101,846 78,140 61,522 260,259 156,289 12,632 34,727 146,709 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $615,709 $610,616 51 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The actual maturity may differ from the contractual maturity because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. A summary of proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale and gains and losses for the years ended December 31 follow: 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds $64,103 12,037 14,633 Realized Gains (1) (In thousands) Losses (2) $354 75 329 $53 — — (1) Gains in 2014 exclude $0.3 million of realized gain related to a U.S. Treasury short position. (2) Losses in 2014 exclude $0.01 million of credit related OTTI recognized in earnings. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, our trading securities consisted of various preferred stocks. During each of those years, we recognized gains (losses) on trading securities of $0.26 million, $(0.06) million and $(0.30) million, respectively, that are included in net gains on securities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. All of these amounts relate to gains (losses) recognized on trading securities still held at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Securities available for sale with a book value of $2.4 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings, derivatives, public deposits and for other purposes as required by law. There were no investment obligations of state and political subdivisions that were payable from or secured by the same source of revenue or taxing authority that exceeded 10% of consolidated shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2016 or 2015. NOTE 4 – LOANS AND PAYMENT PLAN RECEIVABLES Our loan portfolios at December 31 follow: 2016 2015 (In thousands) Real estate (1) Residential first mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential home equity and other junior mortgages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and land development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other (2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment plan receivables (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 453,348 105,550 77,287 525,748 234,632 206,607 5,076 — $ 432,215 106,297 62,629 498,706 193,350 180,424 6,830 34,599 Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,608,248 $1,515,050 (1) Includes both residential and non-residential commercial loans secured by real estate. (2) Includes loans secured by multi-family residential and non-farm, non-residential property. (3) Payment plan receivables were reclassified to held for sale at December 31, 2016. See note #1. Loans include net deferred loan costs of $4.1 million and $2.2 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Payment plan receivables totaling $36.9 million at December 31, 2015, are presented net of unamortized discount of $2.3 million at December 31, 2015. These payment plan receivables had effective yields of 13% at December 31, 2015. 52 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In August 2016 and December 2015, we purchased $15.0 million and $32.6 million, respectively of single-family residential fixed rate jumbo mortgage loans from two separate Michigan-based financial institutions. These mortgage loans were all on properties located in Michigan, had weighted average interest rates (after a 0.25% servicing fee) of 3.65% and 3.94%, respectively and weighted average remaining contractual maturities of 332 months and 344 months, respectively. An analysis of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31 follows: 2016 Balance at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . Additions (deductions) Commercial Mortgage Installment Payment Plan Receivables Subjective Allocation Total (In thousands) $ 5,670 $10,391 $ 1,181 $ 56 $5,272 $ 22,570 Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries credited to allowance . . . . . . . Loans charged against the allowance . . . . Reclassification to loans held for sale. . . . (1,945) 2,472 (1,317) — (158) 1,047 (2,599) — 401 1,100 (1,671) — (4) — — (52) 397 — — (7) (1,309) 4,619 (5,587) (59) Balance at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,880 $ 8,681 $ 1,011 $ — $5,662 $ 20,234 2015 Balance at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . Additions (deductions) $ 5,445 $13,444 $ 1,814 $ 64 $5,223 $ 25,990 Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries credited to allowance . . . . . . . Loans charged against the allowance . . . . (737) 2,656 (1,694) (1,744) 1,258 (2,567) (274) 1,108 (1,467) (8) — — 49 — — (2,714) 5,022 (5,728) Balance at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,670 $10,391 $ 1,181 $ 56 $5,272 $ 22,570 2014 Balance at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . Additions (deductions) $ 6,827 $17,195 $ 2,246 $ 97 $5,960 $ 32,325 Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries credited to allowance . . . . . . . Loans charged against the allowance . . . . (1,683) 4,914 (4,613) (1,029) 1,397 (4,119) 349 1,104 (1,885) (36) 5 (2) (737) (3,136) 7,420 — — (10,619) Balance at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,445 $13,444 $ 1,814 $ 64 $5,223 $ 25,990 53 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Allowance for loan losses and recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment follows: Commercial Mortgage Installment Payment Plan Receivables Subjective Allocation Total (In thousands) 2016 Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment . . . $ 2,244 $ 6,579 $ Collectively evaluated for impairment . . . 2,102 2,636 329 682 $ — $ — $ — 5,662 9,152 11,082 Total ending allowance balance. . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,880 $ 8,681 $ 1,011 $ — $5,662 $ 20,234 Loans Individually evaluated for impairment . . . $ 15,767 $ 59,151 $ 4,913 261,474 Collectively evaluated for impairment . . . 790,228 481,828 Total loans recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest included in recorded 805,995 540,979 266,387 investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,978 2,364 771 $ — — — — Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $804,017 $538,615 $265,616 $ — 2015 Allowance for loan losses: $ 79,831 1,533,530 1,613,361 5,113 $1,608,248 Individually evaluated for impairment . . . $ 2,708 $ 7,818 $ Collectively evaluated for impairment . . . 2,573 2,962 457 724 $ — $ — $ 5,272 56 56 10,983 11,587 Total ending allowance balance. . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,670 $ 10,391 $ 1,181 $ Loans Individually evaluated for impairment . . . $ 16,868 $ 66,375 $ 5,888 228,827 Collectively evaluated for impairment . . . 733,399 433,931 $ — 34,599 Total loans recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest included in recorded 750,267 500,306 234,715 34,599 investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,869 2,270 698 — Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $748,398 $498,036 $234,017 $34,599 $5,272 $ 22,570 $ 89,131 1,430,756 1,519,887 4,837 $1,515,050 Non-performing loans include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans. If these loans had continued to accrue interest in accordance with their original terms, approximately $0.5 million, $0.6 million and $0.8 million of interest income would have been recognized in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Interest income recorded on these loans was approximately zero during the years ended 2016, 2015 and 2014. 54 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Loans on non-accrual status and past due more than 90 days (‘‘Non-performing Loans’’) at December 31 follow: 90+ and Still Accruing Non- Accrual (In thousands) Total Non- Performing Loans 2016 Commercial Income producing - real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development and construction - real estate. . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — — — $ 628 105 4,430 $ 628 105 4,430 Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest included in recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 Commercial Income producing - real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development and construction - real estate. . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment plan receivables Full refund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partial refund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest included in recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — — — — — — — — $ — $ — $ — 49 69 — — — — — — — — — — — — 5,248 1,507 222 317 — 266 289 351 1 5,248 1,507 222 317 — 266 289 351 1 $13,364 $ — $13,364 $ — $ 1,027 401 2,028 $ 1,027 450 2,097 4,744 1,094 187 147 2 106 443 421 2 2 2 1 4,744 1,094 187 147 2 106 443 421 2 2 2 1 $118 $ 2 $10,607 $ — $10,725 $ 2 55 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) An aging analysis of loans by class at December 31 follows: Loans Past Due 30-59 days 60-89 days 90+ days Total Loans not Past Due Total Loans (In thousands) 2016 Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development and construction - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ 383 $ 383 $ 287,255 $ 287,638 74 100 — 1,385 31 66 2,361 — 149 470 13 311 238 533 8 869 5,248 — 1,507 222 — 317 218 — 2 48 41 95 1 266 289 351 1 105 1,551 8,478 1,507 371 1,005 15 625 568 979 10 51,670 465,031 51,775 466,582 306,063 101,541 28,645 54,232 39,122 12,025 13,390 236,022 2,768 314,541 103,048 29,016 55,237 39,137 12,650 13,958 237,001 2,778 Total recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . $4,257 $2,659 $8,681 $15,597 $1,597,764 $1,613,361 Accrued interest included in recorded investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 45 $ 19 $ — $ 64 $ 5,049 $ 5,113 2015 Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development and construction - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment plan receivables Full refund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partial refund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 203 $ 209 $ 647 $ 1,059 $ 305,155 $ 306,214 — 785 1,943 307 50 439 9 315 231 567 15 492 415 110 — 16 252 151 252 952 44,231 398,618 44,483 399,570 640 4,744 — 1,094 187 — 147 54 2 1 107 149 83 3 62 228 3 106 443 421 2 2 2 1 7,327 1,401 237 640 12 528 823 1,071 20 556 645 114 269,880 114,619 22,327 50,618 33,245 16,707 19,727 193,680 2,159 21,294 5,834 6,156 277,207 116,020 22,564 51,258 33,257 17,235 20,550 194,751 2,179 21,850 6,479 6,270 Total recorded investment . . . . . . . . . . . $5,881 $1,555 $8,201 $15,637 $1,504,250 $1,519,887 Accrued interest included in recorded investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 53 $ 17 $ 2 $ 72 $ 4,765 $ 4,837 56 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Impaired loans are as follows : Impaired loans with no allocated allowance TDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non - TDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impaired loans with an allocated allowance TDR - allowance based on collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDR - allowance based on present value cash flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non - TDR - allowance based on collateral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non - TDR - allowance based on present value cash flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 1,782 1,107 3,527 72,613 491 — $ 2,518 203 4,810 81,002 260 — Total impaired loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $79,520 $88,793 Amount of allowance for loan losses allocated TDR - allowance based on collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TDR - allowance based on present value cash flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non - TDR - allowance based on collateral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non - TDR - allowance based on present value cash flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total amount of allowance for loan losses allocated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,868 7,146 138 — $ 9,152 $ 2,436 8,471 76 — $10,983 Impaired loans by class as of December 31 are as follows (1): With no related allowance recorded: Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment 2015 Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Related Allowance Recorded Investment (In thousands) $ 517 $ 768 $— $ 641 $ 851 $— 31 2,341 709 3,261 2 — — — — — — — 387 — — — 66 — — — 2,891 5,191 — — — — — — — — — — — 818 1,245 1,393 1,241 23 — — — — — — — 183 — — — 76 — — — 2,727 3,744 — — — — — — — — — — — 57 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 2016 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment 2015 Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Related Allowance Recorded Investment (In thousands) 7,737 7,880 554 8,377 9,232 516 239 4,902 244 5,246 41,701 16,898 235 315 1,994 2,415 504 — 43,479 16,931 242 398 2,117 2,443 540 — 36 1,654 4,100 2,453 10 16 118 182 29 — 1,690 4,097 1,778 4,439 47,792 18,148 168 244 2,364 2,929 587 8 49,808 18,319 172 325 2,492 2,951 658 8 296 1,896 5,132 2,662 9 15 143 271 42 1 76,940 79,520 9,152 86,404 90,182 10,983 With an allowance recorded: Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,254 8,648 554 9,018 10,083 516 270 7,243 953 8,507 41,703 16,898 235 315 1,994 2,415 504 — 43,866 16,931 242 398 2,183 2,443 540 — 36 1,654 4,100 2,453 10 16 118 182 29 — 2,508 5,342 3,171 5,680 47,815 18,148 168 244 2,364 2,929 587 8 49,991 18,319 172 325 2,568 2,951 658 8 296 1,896 5,132 2,662 9 15 143 271 42 1 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $79,831 $84,711 $9,152 $89,131 $93,926 $10,983 Accrued interest included in recorded investment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 311 $ 338 (1) There were no impaired payment plan receivables or purchased mortgage loans at December 31, 2016 or 2015. 58 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Average recorded investment in and interest income earned on impaired loans by class for the years ended December 31 follows (1): 2016 2015 2014 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (In thousands) $ 609 $ 2 $ 4,520 $ 387 $ 7,660 $ 250 330 961 10 — — — — 3 — — 1,913 7 54 16 — — — 5 — — — 84 952 2,125 79 257 1,145 3,351 64 152 19 12 — — — — — — 11 — — — 5 — — — 29 40 — — — — — — — 1 — — 2 — — — 7,628 739 12,225 469 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . With an allowance recorded: Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,069 427 12,677 1,129 5,723 44,923 17,544 226 248 2,185 2,661 546 4 31 189 1,918 619 10 14 147 162 35 — 2,219 6,663 50,421 18,448 161 172 2,539 3,055 653 10 439 54 104 2,140 670 8 13 176 193 37 1 12,772 3,939 8,500 55,877 19,458 160 57 2,837 3,359 719 14 677 149 294 2,286 753 6 2 174 188 35 1 83,258 3,552 97,018 3,835 107,692 4,565 59 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 2016 2015 2014 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (In thousands) Total Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction- real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,678 1,459 6,684 44,933 17,544 226 248 2,185 2,664 546 4 429 38 243 1,934 619 10 14 152 162 35 — 17,197 3,171 8,788 50,440 18,460 161 172 2,539 3,055 653 10 826 133 361 2,151 670 8 13 181 193 37 1 20,432 5,084 11,851 55,906 19,498 160 57 2,837 3,359 719 14 927 213 446 2,286 754 6 2 176 188 35 1 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $85,171 $3,636 $104,646 $4,574 $119,917 $5,034 (1) There were no impaired payment plan receivables or purchased mortgage loans during the years ending December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Our average investment in impaired loans was approximately $85.2 million, $104.6 million and $119.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Cash receipts on impaired loans on non-accrual status are generally applied to the principal balance. Interest income recognized on impaired loans was approximately $3.6 million, $4.6 million and $5.0 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, of which the majority of these amounts were received in cash and related primarily to performing TDR’s. Troubled debt restructurings at December 31 follow: Performing TDR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing TDR’s (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing TDR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-performing TDR’s (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Retail loans include mortgage and installment loan segments. (2) Included in non-performing loans table above. Commercial $10,560 3,565 $14,125 Commercial $13,318 3,041 $16,359 2016 Retail (1) (In thousands) Total $59,726 4,071(3) $63,797 $70,286 7,636 $77,922 2015 Retail (1) (In thousands) Total $68,194 3,777(3) $71,971 $81,512 6,818 $88,330 (3) Also includes loans on non-accrual at the time of modification until six payments are received on a timely basis. 60 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) We have allocated $9.0 million and $10.9 million of specific reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified in troubled debt restructurings as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We have committed to lend additional amounts totaling up to $0.04 million at both December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as troubled debt restructurings. The terms of certain loans were modified as troubled debt restructurings and generally included one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan; an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk; or a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan. Modifications involving a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan have generally been for periods ranging from 9 months to 36 months but have extended to as much as 480 months in certain circumstances. Modifications involving an extension of the maturity date have generally been for periods ranging from 1 month to 60 months but have extended to as much as 230 months in certain circumstances. Loans that have been classified as troubled debt restructurings during the years ended December 31 follow (1): Number of Contracts Pre-modification Recorded Balance Post-modification Recorded Balance (Dollars in thousands) 2016 Commercial Income producing - real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 Commercial Income producing - real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 — 9 9 1 1 2 6 6 2 — 40 2 — 17 8 1 1 1 6 8 2 — 46 61 $ 290 — 2,044 927 116 107 77 141 154 46 — $ 290 — 2,027 1,004 117 78 78 145 157 46 — $3,902 $3,942 $ 229 — 3,188 1,345 313 20 27 220 228 19 — $ 227 — 2,960 1,128 307 20 27 186 217 25 — $5,589 $5,097 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Number of Contracts Pre-modification Recorded Balance Post-modification Recorded Balance (Dollars in thousands) 2014 Commercial Income producing - real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 13 15 6 1 1 13 9 6 — 70 $ 426 55 2,236 1,576 1,583 17 85 631 400 114 — $ 389 44 1,606 1,570 1,572 14 84 523 400 106 — $7,123 $6,308 (1) There were no payment plan receivables or purchased mortgage loans classified as troubled debt restructurings during the years ending 2016, 2015 and 2014. The troubled debt restructurings described above increased (decreased) the AFLL by $(0.1) million, $0.4 million and $0.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively and resulted in charge offs of $0.53 million, $0.16 million and $0.04 million during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Loans that have been classified as troubled debt restructured during the past twelve months and that have subsequently defaulted during the years ended December 31 follows: Number of Contracts Recorded Balance (Dollars in thousands) 2016 Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — 1 — — — — — — — — 1 $ — — 1,767 — — — — — — — — $1,767 62 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Number of Contracts Recorded Balance (Dollars in thousands) 2015 Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 2nd lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans not secured by real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — 2 2 — — — — — 1 — 5 — — 2 1 — — — — — — — 3 $ — — 157 73 — — — — — 4 — $234 $ — — 319 125 — — — — — — — $444 A loan is generally considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms for commercial loans and installment loans and when four consecutive payments are missed for mortgage loans. The troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted described above increased (decreased) the AFLL by $(0.17) million, $(0.03) million and $0.02 million during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively and resulted in charge offs of $0.51 million, zero and zero during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The terms of certain other loans were modified during the years ending December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 that did not meet the definition of a troubled debt restructuring. The modification of these loans could have included modification of the terms of a loan to borrowers who were not experiencing financial difficulties or a delay in a payment that was considered to be insignificant. 63 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, we perform an evaluation of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under our internal underwriting policy. Credit Quality Indicators – As part of our on on-going monitoring of the credit quality of our loan portfolios, we track certain credit quality indicators including (a) weighted-average risk grade of commercial loans, (b) the level of classified commercial loan borrowers, (d) financial performance of certain counterparties for payment plan receivables and (e) delinquency history and non-performing loans. loans, (c) credit scores of mortgage and installment For commercial loans, we use a loan rating system that is similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulators. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 12. A description of the general characteristics of the ratings follows: Rating 1 through 6: These loans are generally referred to as our ‘‘non-watch’’ commercial credits that include very high or exceptional credit fundamentals through acceptable credit fundamentals. Rating 7 and 8: These loans are generally referred to as our ‘‘watch’’ commercial credits. This rating includes loans to borrowers that exhibit potential credit weakness or downward trends. If not checked or cured these trends could weaken our asset or credit position. While potentially weak, no loss of principal or interest is envisioned with these ratings. Rating 9: These loans are generally referred to as our ‘‘substandard accruing’’ commercial credits. This rating includes loans to borrowers that exhibit a well-defined weakness where payment default is probable and loss is possible if deficiencies are not corrected. Generally, loans with this rating are considered collectible as to both principal and interest primarily due to collateral coverage. Rating 10 and 11: These loans are generally referred to as our ‘‘substandard - non-accrual’’ and ‘‘doubtful’’ commercial credits. This rating includes loans to borrowers with weaknesses that make collection of debt in full, on the basis of current facts, conditions and values at best questionable and at worst improbable. All of these loans are placed in non-accrual. Rating 12: These loans are generally referred to as our ‘‘loss’’ commercial credits. This rating includes loans to borrowers that are deemed incapable of repayment and are charged-off. The following table summarizes loan ratings by loan class for our commercial loan segment at December 31: Non-watch 1-6 Watch 7-8 Commercial Substandard Accrual 9 (In thousands) Non- Accrual 10-11 Total 2016 Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $282,886 $ 3,787 67 Land, land development and construction - real estate . . 9,788 Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,603 449,365 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $783,854 $13,642 $ 337 — 2,998 $3,335 $ 628 $287,638 51,775 466,582 105 4,431 $5,164 $805,995 Accrued interest included in total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,915 $ 52 $ 11 $ — $ 1,978 2015 Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $296,898 $ 6,866 2,995 Land, land development and construction - real estate . . 19,502 Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,844 371,357 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $709,099 $29,363 $1,423 243 6,683 $8,349 $1,027 $306,214 44,483 399,570 401 2,028 $3,456 $750,267 Accrued interest included in total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,729 $ 108 $ 32 $ — $ 1,869 64 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) For each of our mortgage and installment segment classes we generally monitor credit quality based on the credit scores of the borrowers. These credit scores are generally updated semi-annually. The following tables summarize credit scores by loan class for our mortgage and installment loan segments at December 31: 1-4 Family Resort Lending Mortgage (1) Home Equity 1st Lien Home Equity 2nd Lien (In thousands) Purchased Loans Total 2016 800 and above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750-799 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700-749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650-699 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600-649 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550-599 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500-549 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Under 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unknown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 36,534 102,382 69,337 50,621 25,270 13,747 9,215 5,145 2,290 $314,541 $ 10,484 41,999 24,727 13,798 5,769 3,030 1,438 92 1,711 $103,048 $ 6,048 10,006 5,706 4,106 1,674 455 486 255 280 $29,016 $ 8,392 20,113 12,360 8,167 3,067 1,699 981 279 179 $55,237 $ 8,462 20,984 9,115 437 — — — — 139 $39,137 $ 69,920 195,484 121,245 77,129 35,780 18,931 12,120 5,771 4,599 $540,979 Accrued interest included in total . . . . . . . . . $ 1,466 $ 450 $ 111 $ 226 $ 111 $ 2,364 2015 800 and above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750-799 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700-749 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650-699 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600-649 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550-599 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500-549 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Under 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unknown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 28,760 78,802 56,519 51,813 27,966 16,714 10,610 4,708 1,315 $277,207 $ 13,943 40,888 31,980 17,433 4,991 3,070 1,051 554 2,110 $116,020 $ 4,374 7,137 4,341 3,203 1,467 1,027 572 244 199 $22,564 $ 7,696 17,405 11,022 7,691 3,684 1,918 1,295 265 282 $51,258 $ 2,310 23,283 6,940 — — — — — 724 $33,257 $ 57,083 167,515 110,802 80,140 38,108 22,729 13,528 5,771 4,630 $500,306 Accrued interest included in total . . . . . . . . . $ 1,396 $ 477 $ 87 $ 196 $ 114 $ 2,270 (1) Credit scores have been updated within the last twelve months. Home Equity 1st Lien Home Equity 2nd Lien Installment (1) Loans not Secured by Real Estate (In thousands) Other Total 2016 800 and above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750-799. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700-749. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650-699. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600-649. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550-599. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500-549. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Under 500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,354 2,478 1,920 2,852 1,691 1,231 981 114 29 $12,650 $ 1,626 3,334 2,686 2,541 1,775 1,063 692 220 21 $13,958 $ 53,281 107,460 43,456 19,053 4,638 1,942 1,095 276 5,800 $237,001 $ 86 793 821 624 298 53 45 24 34 $2,778 $ 56,347 114,065 48,883 25,070 8,402 4,289 2,813 634 5,884 $266,387 Accrued interest included in total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 54 $ 59 $ 638 $ 20 $ 771 65 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Home Equity 1st Lien Home Equity 2nd Lien Installment (1) Loans not Secured by Real Estate (In thousands) Other Total 2015 800 and above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750-799. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700-749. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650-699. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600-649. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550-599. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500-549. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Under 500. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,792 4,117 2,507 3,508 2,173 1,800 1,056 223 59 $17,235 $ 1,782 5,931 3,899 4,182 2,153 1,346 855 370 32 $20,550 $ 44,254 86,800 34,789 16,456 4,979 1,997 1,170 385 3,921 $194,751 $ 58 531 694 499 200 109 61 23 4 $2,179 $ 47,886 97,379 41,889 24,645 9,505 5,252 3,142 1,001 4,016 $234,715 Accrued interest included in total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 78 $ 83 $ 520 $ 17 $ 698 (1) Credit scores have been updated within the last twelve months. Mepco is a wholly-owned subsidiary of our Bank that operates a vehicle service contract payment plan business throughout the United States. As discussed in note #1 all payment plan receivables have been reclassified to held for sale at December 31, 2016. In addition, see note #11 for more information about Mepco’s business. As of December 31, 2015, approximately 63.2% of Mepco’s outstanding payment plan receivables related to programs in which a third party insurer or risk retention group was obligated to pay Mepco the full refund owing upon cancellation of the related service contract (including with respect to both the portion funded to the service contract seller and the portion funded to the administrator). These receivables are shown as ‘‘Full Refund’’ in the table below. Another approximately 18.7% of Mepco’s outstanding payment plan receivables as of December 31, 2015, related to programs in which a third party insurer or risk retention group is obligated to pay Mepco the refund owing upon cancellation only with respect to the unearned portion previously funded by Mepco to the administrator (but not to the service contract seller). These receivables are shown as ‘‘Partial Refund’’ in the table below. The balance of Mepco’s outstanding payment plan receivables related to programs in which there was no insurer or risk retention group that had any contractual liability to Mepco for any portion of the refund amount. These receivables are shown as ‘‘Other’’ in the table below. For each class of our payment plan receivables we monitored financial information on the counterparties as we evaluated the credit quality of this portfolio. The following table summarizes credit ratings of insurer or risk retention group counterparties by class of payment plan receivable at December 31: 2015 AM Best rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payment Plan Receivables Full Refund Partial Refund Other Total (In thousands) $ — 2,712 3,418 15,720 $21,850 $ 6 5,203 1,177 93 $6,479 $ — — 6,265 5 $6,270 $ 6 7,915 10,860 15,818 $34,599 Although Mepco has contractual recourse against various counterparties for refunds owing upon cancellation of vehicle service contracts, see note #11 below regarding certain risks and difficulties associated with collecting these refunds. 66 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Mortgage loans serviced for others are not reported as assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The principal balances of these loans at December 31 follow: 2016 2015 (In thousands) Mortgage loans serviced for: Fannie Mae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freddie Mac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginnie Mae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 944,703 622,885 85,290 6,115 $1,658,993 $ 898,443 707,891 37,884 107 $1,644,325 Custodial deposit accounts maintained in connection with mortgage loans serviced for others totaled $18.9 million and $21.8 million, at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. If we do not remain well capitalized for regulatory purposes (see note #20), meet certain minimum capital levels or certain profitability requirements or if we incur a rapid decline in net worth, we could lose our ability to sell and/or service loans to these investors. This could impact our ability to generate gains on the sale of loans and generate servicing income. A forced liquidation of our servicing portfolio could also impact the value that could be recovered on this asset. Fannie Mae has the most stringent eligibility requirements covering capital levels, profitability and decline in net worth. Fannie Mae requires seller/servicers to be well capitalized for regulatory purposes. For the profitability requirement, we cannot record four or more consecutive quarterly losses and experience a 30% decline in net worth over the same period. Finally, our net worth cannot decline by more than 25% in one quarter or more than 40% over two consecutive quarters. The highest level of capital we are required to maintain is at least $2.5 million plus 0.25% of loans serviced for Freddie Mac. An analysis of capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights for the years ended December 31 follows: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Originated servicing rights capitalized. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 12,436 3,119 (2,850) 966 13,671 2015 (In thousands) 12,106 $ 2,697 (2,868) 501 12,436 $ 2,306 $ 3,272 $ $ $ 2014 13,710 1,823 (2,509) (918) 12,106 3,773 $ $ $ Loans sold and serviced that have had servicing rights capitalized. . . . $1,657,996 $1,643,086 $1,661,269 The fair value of capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights was $14.2 million and $12.9 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Fair value was determined using an average coupon rate of 4.20%, average servicing fee of 0.256%, average discount rate of 10.07% and an average Public Securities Association (‘‘PSA’’) prepayment rate of 175 for December 31, 2016; and an average coupon rate of 4.32%, average servicing fee of 0.254%, average discount rate of 10.04% and an average PSA prepayment rate of 203 for December 31, 2015. NOTE 5 – OTHER REAL ESTATE A summary of other real estate activity for the years ended December 31 follows (1): Balance at beginning of year, net of valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . Loans transferred to other real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales of other real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions to valuation allowance charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year, net of valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 $ 7,070 2,355 (3,596) (873) $ 4,956 2015 (In thousands) $ 6,370 6,694 (5,502) (492) $ 7,070 2014 $ 18,088 6,143 (17,198) (663) $ 6,370 (1) Table excludes other repossessed assets totaling $0.05 and $0.08 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 67 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) We periodically review our real estate properties and establish valuation allowances on these properties if values have declined since the date of acquisition. An analysis of our valuation allowance for other real estate follows: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Direct write-downs upon sale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) 2014 $ 1,692 873 (1,772) $ 793 $ 2,511 492 (1,311) $ 1,692 $ 4,047 663 (2,199) $ 2,511 At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the balance of other real estate includes $1.9 million and $2.8 million of foreclosed residential real estate properties. Retail mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements totaled $1.0 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Other real estate and repossessed assets totaling $5.0 million and $7.2 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, are presented net of the valuation allowance on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. NOTE 6 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT A summary of property and equipment at December 31 follows: Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated depreciation and amortization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 15,486 54,656 72,090 142,232 (102,057) $ 15,152 57,638 79,842 152,632 (109,529) Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 40,175 $ 43,103 Depreciation expense was $5.8 million, $6.6 million and $6.7 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. NOTE 7 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS Intangible assets, net of amortization, at December 31 follows: 2016 2015 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization (In thousands) Amortized intangible assets - core deposits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,118 $4,186 $6,118 $3,838 Intangible amortization expense was $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $0.5 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. A summary of estimated core deposit intangible amortization at December 31, 2016, follows: 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2022 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In thousands) $ 346 346 346 346 346 202 $1,932 68 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 8 – DEPOSITS A summary of interest expense on deposits for the years ended December 31 follows: Savings and interest bearing checking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time deposits under $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time deposits of $100,000 or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 $1,115 1,628 2,198 $4,941 2015 (In thousands) $1,056 1,586 1,367 $4,009 2014 $1,064 2,467 1,436 $4,967 Aggregate time deposits in denominations of $250,000 or more amounted to $174.6 million and $110.4 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. A summary of the maturity of time deposits at December 31, 2016, follows: 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2022 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In thousands) $363,382 74,019 19,838 11,341 15,685 853 $485,118 Reciprocal deposits totaled $38.7 million and $50.2 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These deposits represent demand, money market and time deposits from our customers that have been placed through Promontory Interfinancial Network’s Insured Cash Sweep® service and Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service®. These services allow our customers to access multi-million dollar FDIC deposit insurance on deposit balances greater than the standard FDIC insurance maximum. A summary of reciprocal deposits at December 31 follows: Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NOTE 9 – OTHER BORROWINGS A summary of other borrowings at December 31 follows: Advances from the FHLB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 3,055 4,350 31,252 $38,657 $ 3,436 8,340 38,431 $50,207 2016 2015 (In thousands) $9,428 5 $9,433 $11,949 5 $11,954 Advances from the FHLB are secured by unencumbered qualifying mortgage and home equity loans with a market value equal to at least 135% to 174%, respectively, of outstanding advances. Advances are also secured by FHLB stock that we own, which totaled $7.8 million at December 31, 2016. Unused borrowing capacity with the 69 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) FHLB (subject to the FHLB’s credit requirements and policies) was $205.3 million at December 31, 2016. Interest expense on advances amounted to $0.8 million, $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. No FHLB advances were terminated during 2016, 2015 or 2014. As a member of the FHLB, we must own FHLB stock equal to the greater of 1.0% of the unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans or 5.0% of our outstanding advances. At December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the FHLB stock ownership requirements. The maturity dates and weighted average interest rates of FHLB advances at December 31 follow: 2016 Amount Rate Amount (Dollars in thousands) 2015 Rate Fixed-rate advances 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,192 5,183 — 3,053 $9,428 7.04% 5.99 7.49 6.61% $ 2,089 1,258 5,437 — 3,165 $11,949 6.55% 7.04 5.99 7.49 6.59% A summary of contractually required repayments of FHLB advances at December 31, 2016 follow: 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In thousands) $1,587 5,042 143 2,656 $9,428 We had no borrowings outstanding with the FRB during the years ended or at December 31, 2016, 2015 or 2014. We had unused borrowing capacity with the FRB (subject to the FRB’s credit requirements and policies) of $391.2 million at December 31, 2016. Collateral for FRB borrowings are certain commercial loans. Assets, consisting of FHLB stock and loans, pledged to secure other borrowings and unused borrowing capacity totaled $904.6 million at December 31, 2016. NOTE 10 – SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES We have formed various special purpose entities (the ‘‘trusts’’) for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities in either public or pooled offerings or in private placements. Independent Bank Corporation owns all of the common stock of each trust and has issued subordinated debentures to each trust in exchange for all of the proceeds from the issuance of the common stock and the trust preferred securities. Trust preferred securities totaling $34.5 million at both December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital. These trusts are not consolidated with Independent Bank Corporation and accordingly, we report the common securities of the trusts held by us in accrued income and other assets and the subordinated debentures that we have issued to the trusts in the liability section of our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 70 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Summary information regarding subordinated debentures as of December 31 follows: Entity Name 2016 and 2015 Issue Date Subordinated Debentures Trust Preferred Securities Issued Common Stock Issued IBC Capital Finance III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 2007 IBC Capital Finance IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September 2007 Midwest Guaranty Trust I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . November 2002 (In thousands) $12,372 15,465 7,732 $35,569 $12,000 15,000 7,500 $34,500 $ 372 465 232 $1,069 Other key terms for the subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities that were outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015 follow: Entity Name Maturity Date Interest Rate First Permitted Redemption Date IBC Capital Finance III IBC Capital Finance IV Midwest Guaranty Trust I July 30, 2037 September 15, 2037 November 7, 2032 3 month LIBOR plus 1.60% July 30, 2012 3 month LIBOR plus 2.85% September 15, 2012 3 month LIBOR plus 3.45% November 7, 2007 The subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities are cumulative and have a feature that permits us to defer distributions (payment of interest) from time to time for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. Interest is payable quarterly on each of the subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities and no distributions were deferred at December 31, 2016 and 2015. We have the right to redeem the subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities (at par) in whole or in part from time to time on or after the first permitted redemption date specified above or upon the occurrence of specific events defined within the trust indenture agreements. During 2014, we redeemed trust preferred securities issued by IBC Capital Finance IV with a par value of $5.0 million. These trust preferred securities were redeemed at a discount of $0.5 million and we recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for this same amount. Issuance costs have been capitalized and are being amortized on a straight- line basis over a period not exceeding 30 years and are included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Distributions (payment of interest) on the trust preferred securities are also included in interest expense – other borrowings in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. NOTE 11 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES In the normal course of business, we enter into financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of customers or to reduce exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments may include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Financial instruments involve varying degrees of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of amounts reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Exposure to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the financial instruments for loan commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amounts of those instruments. We do not, however, anticipate material losses as a result of these financial instruments. A summary of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk at December 31 follows: Financial instruments whose risk is represented by contract amounts Commitments to extend credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standby letters of credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $364,270 3,140 $243,458 3,582 2016 2015 (In thousands) 71 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and generally require payment of a fee. Since commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the commitment amounts do not represent future cash requirements. Commitments are issued subject to similar underwriting standards, including collateral requirements, as are generally involved in the extension of credit facilities. Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in such transactions is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities and, accordingly, standby letters of credit are issued subject to similar underwriting standards, including collateral requirements, as are generally involved in the extension of credit facilities. The majority of the standby letters of credit are to corporations, have variable rates that range from 0.60% to 8.25% and mature through 2018. In December 2016, we reached a tentative settlement regarding litigation initiated against us in Wayne County, Michigan Circuit Court. This litigation concerned checking account transaction sequencing during a period from February 2009 to June 2011. Under the terms of the settlement, we have agreed to pay $2.2 million and are also responsible for class notification costs and certain other expenses which are estimated to total approximately $0.1 million. Although, we deny any liability associated with this matter and believe we have meritorious defenses to the allegations in the complaint, given the costs and uncertainty of litigation, it was determined that this settlement was in the best interests of the organization. We are also involved in various other litigation matters in the ordinary course of business. At the present time, we do not believe any of these other matters will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. The aggregate amount we have accrued for losses we consider probable as a result of these other litigation matters is immaterial. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of outcomes from any litigation matter, we believe it is reasonably possible we may incur losses in addition to the amounts we have accrued. At this time, we estimate the maximum amount of additional losses that are reasonably possible is approximately $0.3 million. However, because of a number of factors, including the fact that certain of these other litigation matters are still in their early stages, this maximum amount may change in the future. The litigation matters described in the preceding paragraph primarily include claims that have been brought against us for damages, but do not include litigation matters where we seek to collect amounts owed to us by third parties (such as litigation initiated to collect delinquent loans). These excluded, collection-related matters may involve claims or counterclaims by the opposing party or parties, but we have excluded such matters from the disclosure contained in the preceding paragraph in all cases where we believe the possibility of us paying damages to any opposing party is remote. Risks associated with the likelihood that we will not collect the full amount owed to us, net of reserves, are disclosed elsewhere in this report. Mepco conducts its payment plan business activities across the United States. Mepco acquires the payment plans from companies (which we refer to as Mepco’s ‘‘counterparties’’) at a discount from the face amount of the payment plan. Each payment plan (which are classified as payment plan receivables in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition) permits a consumer to purchase a vehicle service contract by making installment payments, generally for a term of 12 to 30 months, to the sellers of those contracts (one of the ‘‘counterparties’’). Mepco thereafter collects the payments from consumers. In acquiring the payment plan, Mepco generally funds a portion of the cost to the seller of the service contract and a portion of the cost to the administrator of the service contract. The administrator, in turn, pays the necessary contractual liability insurance policy (‘‘CLIP’’) premium to the insurer or risk retention group. Consumers are allowed to voluntarily cancel the service contract at any time and are generally entitled to receive a refund from the administrator of the unearned portion of the service contract at the time of cancellation. As a result, while Mepco does not owe any refund to the consumer, it also does not have any recourse against the consumer for nonpayment of a payment plan and therefore does not evaluate the creditworthiness of the individual consumer. If a consumer stops making payments on a payment plan or exercises the right to voluntarily cancel the service contract, the service contract seller and administrator are each obligated to refund to Mepco the amount necessary to make Mepco whole as a result of its funding of the service contract. In addition, the insurer or risk retention group that issued the CLIP for the service contract often guarantees all or a portion of the refund to Mepco. 72 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Upon the cancellation of a service contract and the completion of the billing process to the counterparties for amounts due to Mepco, there is a decrease in the amount of ‘‘payment plan receivables’’ and an increase in the amount of ‘‘vehicle service contract counterparty receivables’’ until such time as the amount due from the counterparty is collected. These amounts represent funds actually due to Mepco from its counterparties for cancelled service contracts. Mepco is currently in the process of working to recover these receivables, primarily through negotiated settlements with the counterparties. In some cases, Mepco requires collateral or guaranties by the principals of the counterparties to secure these refund obligations; however, this is generally only the case when no insurance company is involved to guarantee the repayment obligation of the seller and administrator counterparties. In most cases, there is no collateral to secure the counterparties’ refund obligations to Mepco, but Mepco has the contractual right to offset unpaid refund obligations against amounts Mepco would otherwise be obligated to fund to the counterparties. In addition, even when collateral is involved, the refund obligations of these counterparties are not fully secured. Mepco incurs losses when it is unable to fully recover funds owed to it by counterparties upon cancellation of the underlying service contracts. The sudden failure of one of Mepco’s major counterparties (an insurance company, administrator, or seller/dealer) could expose us to significant losses. When counterparties do not honor their contractual obligations to Mepco to repay funds, we recognize estimated losses. Mepco pursues collection (including commencing legal action if necessary) of funds due to it under its various contracts with counterparties. Mepco has had to initiate litigation against certain counterparties, including third party insurers, to collect amounts owed to Mepco as a result of those parties’ dispute of their contractual obligations to Mepco. During the first quarter of 2016, we settled our last significant remaining litigation matter with certain of Mepco’s counterparties. This settlement resulted in our receipt of a cash payment of $4.0 million on March 31, 2016. This settlement also resulted in our receipt of an interest-bearing promissory note from one of Mepco’s counterparties for $1.5 million with monthly payments scheduled over a five-year period beginning in May 2016. Due to the lack of any payment history and limited financial information on this counterparty, we established a full reserve on this promissory note as of March 31, 2016. A full reserve on the remaining balance ($1.3 million) on this note was maintained at December 31, 2016. Thus far, this counterparty has made all required monthly payments on the note. As a longer-term payment history is developed on this note, we will continue to evaluate the need for all or any part of a reserve. Vehicle service contract counterparty receivables, net totaled $2.3 million as of December 31, 2016 compared to $7.2 million as of December 31, 2015. For 2016, 2015 and 2014, non-interest expenses include $(0.1) million, $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, of (recoveries) charges related to vehicle service contract counterparty contingencies. These (recoveries) charges are being classified in non-interest expense – other in the Consolidated Statements of Operations because they are associated with a default or potential default of a contractual obligation under our counterparty contracts as opposed to loss on the administration of the payment plan itself. Our estimate of probable incurred losses from vehicle service contract counterparty contingencies requires a significant amount of judgment because a number of factors can influence the amount of loss that we may ultimately incur. These factors include our estimate of future cancellations of vehicle service contracts, our evaluation of collateral that may be available to recover funds due from our counterparties, and our assessment of the amount that may ultimately be collected from counterparties in connection with their contractual obligations. We apply a rigorous process, based upon historical payment plan activity and past experience, to estimate probable incurred losses and quantify the necessary reserves for our vehicle service contract counterparty contingencies, but there can be no assurance that our modeling process will successfully identify all such losses. We believe our assumptions regarding the collection of vehicle service contract counterparty receivables are reasonable, and we based them on our good faith judgments using data currently available. We also believe the current amount of reserves we have established and the vehicle service contract counterparty contingencies expense that we have recorded are appropriate given our estimate of probable incurred losses at the applicable Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition date. However, because of the uncertainty surrounding the numerous and complex assumptions made, actual losses could exceed the charges we have taken to date. 73 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) An analysis of our vehicle service contract counterparty receivable, net follows: Balance at beginning of year, net of reserve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfers in from payment plan receivables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserves (established) reversed and charge-offs recorded to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recovery of previously charged-off receivable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserve established on previously charged-off receivable . . . . . . . . . Transferred from contingency reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfer to held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year, net of reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserve at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An analysis of our vehicle service contract counterparty reserve follows: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions (recoveries) recorded to expense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserve established on previously charged-off receivable . . . . . . . . . Charge-offs, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 7,229 200 88 1,500 (1,500) (38) (422) (4,786) $ 2,271 $ 1,437 2016 $ 56 (88) 1,500 (31) $1,437 $ 7,237 1,203 (119) — — — — (1,092) $ 7,229 $ 56 2015 (In thousands) $ 1,370 119 — (1,433) $ 56 2014 $7,716 180 (199) — — (75) — (385) $7,237 $1,370 2014 $1,375 199 — (204) $1,370 In connection with our pending sale of Mepco (see note #1), we agreed to contractually indemnify the purchaser from certain losses it may incur, including as a result of its failure to collect certain receivables it purchased as part of the business as well as breaches of representations and warranties we made in the sale agreement, subject to various limitations. We have not accrued any liability related to these indemnification requirements in our December 31, 2016 Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition because we believe the likelihood of having to pay any amount as a result of these indemnification obligations is remote. However, if the purchaser is unable to collect the receivables it purchased from Mepco or otherwise encounters difficulties in operating the business, it is possible it could make one or more claims against us pursuant to the sale agreement. In that event, we may incur expenses in defending any such claims and/or amounts paid to such purchaser to resolve such claims. The provision for loss reimbursement on sold loans represents our estimate of incurred losses related to mortgage loans that we have sold to investors (primarily Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae). Since we sell mortgage loans without recourse, loss reimbursements only occur in those instances where we have breached a representation or warranty or other contractual requirement related to the loan sale. The provision for loss reimbursement on sold loans was an expense (credit) of $0.03 million, $(0.06) million and $(0.47) million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The small expense in 2016 is primarily due to establishing specific reserves for pending loss reimbursement claims. The credit provisions in 2015 and 2014 are due primarily to the settlements of certain loss reimbursement claims at lower amounts than what had been specifically reserved for at the end of the respective previous period. The reserve for loss reimbursements on sold mortgage loans totaled $0.6 million and $0.5 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This reserve is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. This reserve is based on an analysis of mortgage loans that we have sold which are further categorized by delinquency status, loan to value, and year of origination. The calculation includes factors such as probability of default, probability of loss reimbursement (breach of representation or warranty) and estimated loss severity. The reserve levels at December 31, 2016 and 2015 also reflect the resolution of the mortgage loan origination years of 2000 to 2008 with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. We believe that the amounts that we have accrued for incurred losses on sold mortgage loans are appropriate given our analyses. However, future losses could exceed our current estimate. 74 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 12 – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND INCOME PER COMMON SHARE On January 21, 2016 and 2015, our Board of Directors authorized share repurchase plans to buy back up to 5% of our outstanding common stock through the end of each respective year. On April 26, 2016 our Board of Directors authorized a $5.0 million expansion of the 2016 repurchase plan. During 2016 and 2015 repurchases were made through open market transactions and totaled 1,153,136 and 967,199 shares of common stock, respectively for an aggregate purchase price of $16.9 million and $13.5 million, respectively. On November 15, 2011, we entered into a Tax Benefits Preservation Plan (the ‘‘Preservation Plan’’) with our stock transfer agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. Our Board of Directors adopted the Preservation Plan in an effort to protect the value to our shareholders of our ability to use deferred tax assets, such as net operating loss carry forwards, to reduce potential future federal income tax obligations. Under federal tax rules, this value could be lost in the event we experienced an ‘‘ownership change,’’ as defined in Section 382 of the federal Internal Revenue Code. The Preservation Plan attempted to protect this value by reducing the likelihood that we would experience such an ownership change by discouraging any person who is not already a 5% shareholder from becoming a 5% shareholder (with certain limited exceptions). On October 25, 2016, the Board of Directors took affirmative action to not renew the Preservation Plan, which expired on November 15, 2016. None of the Rights had been exercised or had become exercisable because no unpermitted 4.99% or more change in the beneficial ownership of the outstanding common stock had occurred. A reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per common share for the years ended December 31 follows: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22,766 $20,017 $18,021 2016 2014 2015 (In thousands, except per share amounts) Weighted average shares outstanding (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of stock options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock units for deferred compensation plan for non-employee directors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance share units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restricted stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average shares outstanding for calculation of diluted 21,378 151 22,716 119 22,927 124 115 48 35 112 — 233 114 — 306 earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,727 23,180 23,471 Net income per common share Basic (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1.06 Diluted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1.05 $ 0.88 $ 0.86 $ 0.79 $ 0.77 (1) Basic net income per common share includes weighted average common shares outstanding during the period and participating share awards. Weighted average stock options outstanding that were not considered in computing diluted net income per common share because they were anti-dilutive totaled zero, 0.03 million and 0.03 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 75 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 13 – INCOME TAX The composition of income tax expense for the years ended December 31 follows: Current expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance - change in estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 362 9,756 17 $10,135 $ 200 9,128 35 $9,363 2014 $ (359) 7,672 (118) $7,195 Income tax expense includes income taxes in a variety of other states due primarily to Mepco’s operations. The amounts of such state income taxes were an expense (benefit) of $(0.1) million, $(0.1) million and zero in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The deferred income tax expense of $9.8 million, $9.1 million and $7.7 million during 2016, 2015 and 2014 can be primarily attributed to the utilization of our net operating loss (‘‘NOL’’) carryfoward and decrease in our AFLL. A reconciliation of income tax expense to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 35% in each year presented to the income before income tax for the years ended December 31 follows: Statutory rate applied to income before income tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrecognized tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-deductible meals, entertainment and memberships . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other, net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $11,515 (534) (477) (348) (155) 46 17 71 $10,135 $10,283 (434) (449) — (135) 43 35 20 $ 9,363 2014 $8,826 (522) (480) — (595) 53 (118) 31 $7,195 As described in Note #1, we adopted ASU 2016-09, ‘‘Compensation – Stock Compensation (718) Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting’’ during the second quarter of 2016 which now requires us to recognize for book purposes either income tax expense or benefit on deficiencies / excess benefits relating to share-based compensation. Included in income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 are tax benefits of $0.3 million due to the vesting of certain share-based compensation grants and the exercise of stock options during the period. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31 follow: 2016 2015 (In thousands) Deferred tax assets Loss carryforwards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternative minimum tax credit carry forward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property and equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized loss on securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase premiums, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Litigation settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,131 7,104 4,064 3,143 1,782 1,460 1,011 805 $25,516 7,901 3,427 3,369 128 1,755 786 — 76 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Vehicle service contract counterparty contingency reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized loss on trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other than temporary impairment charge on securities available for sale . . . . . . Deferred compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance on other real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non accrual loan interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserve for unfunded lending commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss reimbursement on sold loans reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax liabilities Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred loan fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Home Loan Bank stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) 500 486 400 375 277 246 228 196 1 39,209 (1,071) 38,138 4,785 490 45 — 5,320 21 578 382 404 592 232 228 186 — 45,505 (1,054) 44,451 4,353 256 45 162 4,816 Deferred tax assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,818 $39,635 We assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against our deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a ‘‘more likely than not’’ standard. The ultimate realization of this asset is primarily based on generating future income. We concluded at both December 31, 2016 and 2015, that the realization of substantially all of our deferred tax assets continues to be more likely than not. The valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets totaled $1.1 million at both December 31, 2016 and 2015. The valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets at December 31, 2016 primarily relates to state income taxes from Mepco. In this instance, we determined that the future realization of these particular deferred tax assets was not more likely than not. This conclusion in 2016 was based on the pending sale of Mepco’s payment plan business and in 2015 was primarily based on the uncertainty of Mepco’s future earnings attributable to particular states (given the various apportionment criteria) and the significant reduction in the size of Mepco’s business. Because of our NOL and tax credit carryforwards, we are still subject to the rules of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. An ownership change, as defined by these rules, would negatively affect our ability to utilize our NOL carryforwards and other deferred tax assets in the future. If such an ownership change were to occur, we may suffer higher-than-anticipated tax expense, and consequently lower net income and cash flow, in those future years. At December 31, 2016, we had federal NOL carryforwards of approximately $46.0 million which, if not used against taxable income, will expire as follows: 2031 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2032 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In thousands) $ 8,301 37,739 $46,040 In addition to the amounts in the table above we also had a minor amount of state NOL carryforwards in certain states where Mepco operates. In addition, we had $4.1 million of alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards with indefinite lives at December 31, 2016. 77 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31 follow: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions based on tax positions related to the current year . . . . . . . Reductions due to the statute of limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reductions due to settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 $ 976 19 (155) — $ 840 2015 (In thousands) $1,091 20 (135) — $ 976 2014 $1,672 18 (595) (4) $1,091 If recognized, the entire amount of unrecognized tax benefits, net of $0.3 million of federal tax on state benefits, would affect our effective tax rate. We do not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months. No amounts were expensed for interest and penalties for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. No amounts were accrued for interest and penalties at December 31, 2016, 2015 or 2014. At December 31, 2016, U.S. Federal tax years 2013 through the present remain open to examination. NOTE 14 – SHARE BASED COMPENSATION AND BENEFIT PLANS We maintain share based payment plans that include a non-employee director stock purchase plan and a long-term incentive plan that permits the issuance of share based compensation, including stock options and non-vested share awards. The long-term incentive plan, which is shareholder approved, permits the grant of additional share based awards for up to 0.2 million shares of common stock as of December 31, 2016. The non-employee director stock purchase plan permits the grant of additional share based payments for up to 0.2 million shares of common stock as of December 31, 2016. Share based awards and payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant and are expensed over the requisite service period. Common shares issued upon exercise of stock options come from currently authorized but unissued shares. During 2016, 2015 and 2014 pursuant to our long-term incentive plan, we granted 0.10 million, 0.07 million and 0.07 million shares, respectively of restricted stock and 0.05 million, 0.03 million and 0.03 million performance stock units (‘‘PSUs’’), respectively to certain officers. The shares of restricted stock issued during 2016 cliff vest after periods ranging from one to four years, the shares of restricted stock issued during 2015 cliff vest after a period of three years and the shares of restricted stock issued during 2014 vest ratably over three years. The PSUs issued during 2016 cliff vest after periods ranging from three to five years and the PSUs issued during 2015 and 2014 cliff vest after a period of three years. The performance feature of the PSUs is based on a comparison of our total shareholder return over the three year period starting on the grant date to the total shareholder return over that period for a banking index of our peers. Our directors may elect to receive at least a portion of their quarterly cash retainer fees in the form of common stock (either on a current basis or on a deferred basis) pursuant to the non-employee director stock purchase plan referenced above. Shares equal in value to that portion of each director’s fees that he or she has elected to receive in stock are issued each quarter and vest immediately. We issued 0.01 million shares to directors during each of the years ending 2016, 2015 and 2014 and expensed their value during those same periods. Total compensation expense recognized for grants pursuant to our long-term incentive plan was $1.5 million, $1.4 million and $1.0 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The corresponding tax benefit relating to this expense was $0.5 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Total expense recognized for non-employee director share based payments was $0.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The corresponding tax benefit relating to this expense was $0.04 million, $0.03 million and $0.1million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. At December 31, 2016, the total expected compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock and PSUs not yet recognized was $2.2 million. The weighted-average period over which this amount will be recognized is 2.4 years. 78 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) A summary of outstanding stock option grants and related transactions follows: Number of Shares Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregated Intrinsic Value (In thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235,596 — (21,614) (664) (2,300) $4.94 3.93 6.42 3.54 Outstanding at December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211,018 $5.05 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . 211,018 $5.05 Exercisable at December 31, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211,018 $5.05 A summary of outstanding non-vested stock and related transactions follows: Outstanding at January 1, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding at December 31, 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.09 5.09 5.09 $3,514 $3,514 $3,514 Number of Shares 261,981 147,160 (107,795) (4,924) 296,422 Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value $11.29 15.39 7.92 13.24 $14.52 Certain information regarding options exercised during the periods ending December 31 follows: Intrinsic value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash proceeds received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax benefit realized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 $254 $ 85 $ 89 2015 (In thousands) $444 $137 $155 2014 $321 $ 96 $112 We maintain 401(k) and employee stock ownership plans covering substantially all of our full-time employees. During 2016 and 2015 we matched 50% of employee contributions to the 401(k) plan up to a maximum of 6% and 4% of participating employees’ eligible wages, respectively. During 2014 we matched 100% of employee contributions up to a maximum of 2% of participating employees’ eligible wages. Contributions to the employee stock ownership plan are determined annually and require approval of our Board of Directors. The maximum contribution is 6% of employees’ eligible wages. Contributions to the employee stock ownership plan were 2% for 2016, 2015 and 2014. Amounts expensed for these retirement plans were $1.4 million, $1.2 million, and $1.0 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our employees participate in various performance-based compensation plans. Amounts expensed for all incentive plans totaled $6.2 million, $5.7 million and $4.2 million, in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We also provide certain health care and life insurance programs to substantially all full-time employees. Amounts expensed for these programs totaled $3.5 million, $3.6 million and $3.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014 respectively. These insurance programs are also available to retired employees at their own expense. 79 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 15 – OTHER NON-INTEREST INCOME Other non-interest income for the years ended December 31 follows: Investment and insurance commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ATM fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other real estate rental income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 $1,647 1,496 1,124 58 3,091 $7,416 2015 (In thousands) $1,827 1,551 1,282 128 2,904 $7,692 2014 $1,814 1,599 1,371 1,295 2,852 $8,931 NOTE 16 – DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS We are required to record derivatives on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as assets and liabilities measured at their fair value. The accounting for increases and decreases in the value of derivatives depends upon the use of derivatives and whether the derivatives qualify for hedge accounting. Our derivative financial instruments according to the type of hedge in which they are designated at December 31 follow: No hedge designation Rate-lock mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pay-fixed interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pay-variable interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Written options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notional Amount $ 26,658 61,954 46,121 46,121 3,119 3,119 $187,092 Notional Amount 2016 Average Maturity (years) (Dollars in thousands) 0.1 0.1 8.6 8.6 4.5 4.5 4.4 2015 Average Maturity (years) (Dollars in thousands) No hedge designation Rate-lock mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pay-fixed interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pay-variable interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchased options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Written options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 20,581 46,320 27,587 27,587 2,098 2,098 $126,271 0.1 0.1 8.0 8.0 5.7 5.7 3.7 Fair Value $ 646 630 249 (249) 238 (238) $1,276 Fair Value $ 550 69 (497) 497 122 (122) $ 619 We have established management objectives and strategies that include interest-rate risk parameters for maximum fluctuations in net interest income and market value of portfolio equity. We monitor our interest rate risk position via simulation modeling reports. The goal of our asset/liability management efforts is to maintain profitable financial leverage within established risk parameters. 80 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) To meet our asset/liability management objectives, we may periodically enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate exposure to fluctuations in cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates (‘‘Cash Flow Hedges’’). Cash Flow Hedges included certain pay-fixed interest rate swaps which converted the variable-rate cash flows on debt obligations to fixed-rates. In 2013 we terminated our last Cash Flow Hedge pay-fixed interest rate swap and paid a termination fee of $0.6 million. The remaining unrealized loss on the terminated pay-fixed interest rate swap which was equal to this termination fee was included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and was amortized into earnings through December 31, 2014, the original remaining life of the pay-fixed interest rate swap. Certain derivative financial instruments have not been designated as hedges. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments has been recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and is adjusted on an ongoing basis to reflect their then current fair value. The changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges are recognized in earnings. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into rate-lock mortgage loan commitments with customers (‘‘Rate-Lock Commitments’’). These commitments expose us to interest rate risk. We also enter into mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans (‘‘Mandatory Commitments’’) to reduce the impact of price fluctuations of mortgage loans held for sale and Rate-Lock Commitments. Mandatory Commitments help protect our loan sale profit margin from fluctuations in interest rates. The changes in the fair value of Rate Lock Commitments and Mandatory Commitments are recognized currently as part of net gains on mortgage loans in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We obtain market prices on Mandatory Commitments and Rate-Lock Commitments. Net gains on mortgage loans, as well as net income, may be more volatile as a result of these derivative instruments, which are not designated as hedges. During 2015, we began offering to our deposit customers an equity linked time deposit product (‘‘Altitude CD’’). The Altitude CD is a time deposit that provides the customer a guaranteed return of principal at maturity plus a potential equity return (a written option), while we receive a like stream of funds based on the equity return (a purchased option). The written and purchased options will generally move in opposite directions resulting in little or no net impact on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. All of the written and purchased options in the table above relate to this Altitude CD product. During 2014, we began a program that allows commercial loan customers to lock in a fixed rate for a longer period of time than we would normally offer for interest rate risk reasons. We will enter into a variable rate commercial loan and an interest rate swap agreement with a customer and then enter into an offsetting interest rate swap agreement with an unrelated party. The interest rate swap agreement fair values will generally move in opposite directions resulting in little or no net impact on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. All of the interest rate swap agreements in the table above relate to this program. During the second quarter of 2014, we completed a securities trade in which we shorted a $13 million UST security. This UST short was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2014 and the change in the fair value of the short position from the inception date to the termination date has been recorded in net gains on securities in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. 81 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The following tables illustrate the impact that the derivative financial instruments discussed above have on individual line items in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition for the periods presented: Fair Values of Derivative Instruments Asset Derivatives December 31, Liability Derivatives December 31, 2016 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value 2015 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value 2016 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value 2015 Balance Sheet Location Fair Value (In thousands) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Rate-lock mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . Other assets Mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans. . . . . Other assets Pay-fixed interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . Other assets Pay-variable interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . Other assets Purchased options. . . . . . . . Other assets Written options . . . . . . . . . Other assets $ 646 Other assets $ 550 Other liabilities $ — Other liabilities $ — 630 Other assets 69 Other liabilities — Other liabilities — 493 Other assets — Other liabilities 244 Other liabilities 497 244 Other assets 238 Other assets — Other assets 497 Other liabilities 122 Other liabilities — Other liabilities 493 Other liabilities — Other liabilities 238 Other liabilities — — 122 $619 Total derivatives. . . . . . . $2,251 $1,238 $975 The effect of derivative financial instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations follows: Year Ended December 31, Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Effective Portion) 2015 2014 2016 Location of Loss Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income (Effective Portion) 2015 2014 2016 Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income (1) Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income (1) 2015 2014 2016 Cash Flow Hedges Pay-fixed interest rate swap agreements . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No hedge designation (In thousands) $— $— $— $— $— $— Interest expense $— $— $— $(380) $— $(380) Interest expense $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Rate-lock mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on mortgage loans Net gains on mortgage loans Interest $ 96 $ 113 $ 71 561 253 (312) Pay-fixed interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . income 746 (315) (182) Pay-variable interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . income (746) 315 182 Interest Purchased options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . expense 116 122 — Interest Written options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . expense (116) (122) — Interest UST short position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on securities — $ 657 — $ 366 295 $ 54 (1) For cash flow hedges, this location and amount refers to the ineffective portion. 82 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 17 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Certain of our directors and executive officers, including companies in which they are officers or have significant ownership, were loan and deposit customers during 2016 and 2015. A summary of loans to our directors and executive officers whose borrowing relationship (which includes loans to entities in which the individual owns a 10% or more voting interest) exceeds $60,000 for the years ended December 31 follows: Balance at beginning of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New loans and advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repayments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at end of year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 190 594 (369) $ 415 $216 — (26) $190 Deposits held by us for directors and executive officers totaled $1.0 million and $1.3 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. NOTE 18 – LEASES We have non-cancelable operating leases for certain office facilities, some of which include renewal options and escalation clauses. A summary of future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2016, follows: 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2022 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In thousands) $1,444 1,313 994 927 460 499 $5,637 Rental expense on operating leases totaled $1.2 million, $1.2 million and $1.3 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. NOTE 19 – CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK Credit risk is the risk to earnings and capital arising from an obligor’s failure to meet the terms of any contract with our organization or otherwise fail to perform as agreed. Credit risk can occur outside of our traditional lending activities and can exist in any activity where success depends on counterparty, issuer or borrower performance. Concentrations of credit risk (whether on- or off-balance sheet) arising from financial instruments can exist in relation to individual borrowers or groups of borrowers, certain types of collateral, certain types of industries or certain geographic regions. Credit risk associated with these concentrations could arise when a significant amount of loans or other financial instruments, related by similar characteristics, are simultaneously impacted by changes in economic or other conditions that cause their probability of repayment or other type of settlement to be adversely affected. Our major concentrations of credit risk arise by collateral type and by industry. The significant concentrations by collateral type at December 31, 2016, include $558.9 million of loans secured by residential real estate and $77.3 million of construction and development loans. Additionally, within our commercial real estate and commercial loan portfolio, we had significant standard industry classification concentrations in the following categories as of December 31, 2016: Lessors of Nonresidential Real Estate ($247.1 million); Lessors of Residential Real Estate ($98.5 million); Health Care and Social Assistance 83 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) ($70.1 million) and Construction General Contractors and Land Development ($62.5 million). A geographic concentration arises because we primarily conduct our lending activities in the State of Michigan. NOTE 20 – REGULATORY MATTERS Capital guidelines adopted by federal and state regulatory agencies and restrictions imposed by law limit the amount of cash dividends our Bank can pay to us. Under these guidelines, the amount of dividends that may be paid in any calendar year is limited to the Bank’s current year net profits, combined with the retained net profits of the preceding two years. Further, the Bank cannot pay a dividend at any time that it has negative undivided profits. As of December 31, 2016, the Bank had positive undivided profits of $9.9 million. We can request regulatory approval for a return of capital from the Bank to the parent company. During the first quarters of 2016, 2015 and 2014, we requested regulatory approval for returns of capital from the Bank to the parent company for $18.0 million, $18.5 million and $15.0 million. These return of capital requests were approved by our banking regulators on February 24, 2016, February 13, 2015 and March 28, 2014, respectively and the Bank returned these amounts to the parent company on February 25, 2016, February 17, 2015 and April 9, 2014, respectively. It is not our intent to have dividends paid in amounts that would reduce the capital of our Bank to levels below those which we consider prudent and in accordance with guidelines of regulatory authorities. We are also subject to various regulatory capital requirements. The prompt corrective action regulations establish quantitative measures to ensure capital adequacy and require minimum amounts and ratios of total, Tier 1, and common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory, and possibly discretionary, actions by regulators that could have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines, we must meet specific capital requirements that involve quantitative measures as well as qualitative judgments by the regulators. The most recent regulatory filings as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, categorized our Bank as well capitalized. Management is not aware of any conditions or events that would have changed the most recent Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (‘‘FDIC’’) categorization. On July 2, 2013, the Federal Reserve approved a final rule that establishes an integrated regulatory capital framework (the ‘‘New Capital Rules’’). The rule implements in the United States the Basel III regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and certain changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. In general, under the New Capital Rules, minimum requirements have increased for both the quantity and quality of capital held by banking organizations. Consistent with the international Basel framework, the New Capital Rules include a new minimum ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5% and a common equity Tier 1 capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets that applies to all supervised financial institutions. The capital conservation buffer began to phase in on January 1, 2016 with 0.625% added to the minimum ratio for adequately capitalized institutions for 2016 and 0.625% will be added each subsequent year until fully phased in during 2019. This capital conservation buffer is not reflected in the table that follows. To avoid limits on capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments we must meet the minimum ratio for adequately capitalized institutions plus the phased in buffer. The rule also raises the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4% to 6% and includes a minimum leverage ratio of 4% for all banking organizations. As to the quality of capital, the New Capital Rules emphasize common equity Tier 1 capital, the most loss-absorbing form of capital, and implement strict eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments. The New Capital Rules also change the methodology for calculating risk-weighted assets to enhance risk sensitivity. The New Capital Rules became effective for us on January 1, 2015 84 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Our actual capital amounts and ratios at December 31 follow: Actual Amount Ratio Minimum for Adequately Capitalized Institutions Amount Ratio (Dollars in thousands) Minimum for Well-Capitalized Institutions Amount Ratio 2016 Total capital to risk-weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $286,289 270,855 15.86% $144,413 144,223 15.02 8.00% 8.00 NA $180,279 NA 10.00% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $265,405 249,971 14.70% $108,309 108,167 13.87 6.00% 6.00 NA $144,223 NA 8.00% Common equity tier 1 capital to risk- weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tier 1 capital to average assets $238,996 249,971 13.24% $ 81,232 81,126 13.87 4.50% 4.50 NA $117,181 NA 6.50% Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $265,405 249,971 10.50% $101,112 101,019 9.90 4.00% 4.00 NA $126,274 NA 5.00% 2015 Total capital to risk-weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $278,170 261,894 16.65% $133,668 133,514 15.69 8.00% 8.00 NA $166,893 NA 10.00% Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $257,050 240,867 15.38% $100,251 100,136 14.43 6.00% 6.00 NA $133,514 NA 8.00% Common equity tier 1 capital to risk- weighted assets Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tier 1 capital to average assets $239,271 240,867 14.32% $ 75,188 75,102 14.43 4.50% 4.50 NA $108,480 NA 6.50% Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Independent Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $257,050 240,867 10.91% $ 94,217 94,145 10.23 4.00% 4.00 NA $117,682 NA 5.00% NA - Not applicable 85 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The components of our regulatory capital are as follows: Consolidated December 31, Independent Bank December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 (In thousands) Total shareholders’ equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $248,980 $251,092 $258,814 $259,947 Add (deduct) Accumulated other comprehensive loss for regulatory purposes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disallowed deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common equity tier 1 capital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualifying trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disallowed deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,310 (1,159) (12,135) 238,996 34,500 (8,091) 238 (912) (11,147) 239,271 34,500 (16,721) Tier 1 capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265,405 257,050 3,310 (1,159) (10,994) 249,971 — — 249,971 238 (912) (18,406) 240,867 — — 240,867 Allowance for loan losses and allowance for unfunded lending commitments limited to 1.25% of total risk- weighted assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,884 21,120 20,884 21,027 Total risk-based capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $286,289 $278,170 $270,855 $261,894 NOTE 21 – FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES FASB ASC topic 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. FASB ASC topic 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Level 1 instruments include securities traded on active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange, as well as U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets. Level 2: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 2 instruments include securities traded in less active dealer or broker markets. Level 3: Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. We used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value: Securities: Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities (trading or available for sale) are classified as Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include certain preferred stocks included in our trading portfolio for which there are quoted prices in active markets. If quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by (1) using quoted market prices of securities with similar characteristics, (2) matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, or (3) a discounted cash flow analysis whose significant fair value 86 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) inputs can generally be verified and do not typically involve judgment by management. These securities are classified as Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy and primarily include agency securities, private label mortgage-backed securities, other asset backed securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, trust preferred securities, corporate securities and foreign government securities. Loans held for sale: The fair value of mortgage loans held for sale is based on mortgage backed security pricing for comparable assets (recurring Level 2). Impaired loans with specific loss allocations based on collateral value: From time to time, certain loans are considered impaired and an AFLL is established. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. We measure our investment in an impaired loan based on one of three methods: the loan’s observable market price, the fair value of the collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, all of our total impaired loans were evaluated based on either the fair value of the collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an appraised value or when an appraised value is not available we record the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments can be significant and thus will typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Other real estate: At the time of acquisition, other real estate is recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell, which becomes the property’s new basis. Subsequent write-downs to reflect declines in value since the time of acquisition may occur from time to time and are recorded in net (gains) losses on other real estate and repossessed assets in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of the property used at and subsequent to the time of acquisition is typically determined by a third party appraisal of the property. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments can be significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Appraisals for both collateral-dependent impaired loans and other real estate are performed by certified general appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by us. Once received, an independent third party (for commercial properties over $0.25 million) or a member of our Collateral Evaluation Department (for commercial properties under $0.25 million) or a member of our Special Assets Group (for retail properties) reviews the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the overall resulting fair value in comparison with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics. We compare the actual selling price of collateral that has been sold to the most recent appraised value of our properties to determine what additional adjustment, if any, should be made to the appraisal value to arrive at fair value. For commercial and retail properties we typically discount an appraisal to account for various factors that the appraisal excludes in its assumptions. These additional discounts generally do not result in material adjustments to the appraised value. Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights: The fair value of capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights is based on a valuation model used by an independent third party that calculates the present value of estimated net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income. Certain model assumptions are generally unobservable and are based upon the best information available including data relating to our own servicing portfolio, reviews of mortgage servicing assumption and valuation surveys and input from various mortgage servicers and, therefore, are recorded as nonrecurring Level 3. Management evaluates the third party valuation for reasonableness each quarter as part of our financial reporting control processes. Derivatives: The fair value of rate-lock mortgage loan commitments and mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans is based on mortgage backed security pricing for comparable assets (recurring Level 2). The fair value of interest rate swap agreements is based on a discounted cash flow analysis whose significant fair value inputs can 87 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) generally be observed in the market place and do not typically involve judgment by management (recurring Level 2). The fair value of purchased and written options is based on prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics and do not typically involve judgment by management (recurring Level 2). Assets and liabilities measured at fair value, including financial assets for which we have elected the fair value option, were as follows: Fair Value Measurements Using Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) (In thousands) Fair Value Measure- ments Significant Un- observable Inputs (Level 3) $ 410 $410 $ — $ — December 31, 2016: Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis: Assets Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities available for sale U.S. agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private label mortgage-backed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivatives (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,988 156,289 12,632 34,727 146,709 170,899 56,180 2,579 1,613 35,946 2,251 Liabilities Derivatives (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975 Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring basis: Assets Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impaired loans (4) Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate. . . . . . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,163 255 54 1,342 Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Other real estate (5) Commercial Income producing - real estate (6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate. . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,863 176 98 133 (1) Included in accrued income and other assets. (2) Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28,988 156,289 12,632 34,727 146,709 170,899 56,180 2,579 1,613 35,946 2,251 975 — — — — — 2,863 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 8,163 255 54 1,342 361 — 176 98 133 (3) Only includes servicing rights that are carried at fair value due to recognition of a valuation allowance. (4) Only includes impaired loans with specific loss allocations based on collateral value. (5) Only includes other real estate with subsequent write downs to fair value. (6) Level 2 valuation is based on a signed purchase agreement. 88 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Fair Value Measurements Using Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Fair Value Measure- ments Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Un- observable Inputs (Level 3) (In thousands) $ 148 $148 $ — $ — December 31, 2015: Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis: Assets Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities available for sale U.S. agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency residential mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. agency commercial mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . Private label mortgage-backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other asset backed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions. . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivatives (1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,512 196,056 34,028 4,903 116,904 144,984 38,614 2,483 27,866 1,238 Liabilities Derivatives (2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619 Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring basis: Assets Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights (3) . . . . . . . . . . . Impaired loans (4) Commercial Income producing - real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other real estate (5) Commercial Land, land development & construction-real estate . . . Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage 1-4 family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resort lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installment Home equity - 1st lien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,481 711 40 1,257 421 129 639 165 26 107 14 36 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 47,512 196,056 34,028 4,903 116,904 144,984 38,614 2,483 27,866 1,238 619 — — — — — — — — — — — — 8,481 — — — — — — — — — — — 711 40 1,257 421 129 639 165 26 107 14 36 (1) Included in accrued income and other assets. (2) Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. (3) Only includes servicing rights that are carried at fair value due to recognition of a valuation allowance. (4) Only includes impaired loans with specific loss allocations based on collateral value. (5) Only includes other real estate with subsequent write downs to fair value. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. 89 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Changes in fair values of financial assets for which we have elected the fair value option for the years ended December 31 were as follows: Total Change in Fair Values Included in Current Period Earnings Net Gains (Losses) on Assets Securities Loans (In thousands) 2016 Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 262 — $ — (277) $ 262 (277) 2015 Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (55) — $(295) — $ — 90 $ — 258 $ (55) 90 $(295) 258 For those items measured at fair value pursuant to our election of the fair value option, interest income is recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Operations based on the contractual amount of interest income earned on these financial assets and dividend income is recorded based on cash dividends received. The following represent impairment charges recognized during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 relating to assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis: • • • Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights, whose individual strata are measured at fair value, had a carrying amount of $8.2 million, which is net of a valuation allowance of $2.3 million, at December 31, 2016, and had a carrying amount of $8.5 million, which is net of a valuation allowance of $3.3 million, at December 31, 2015. A recovery (charge) of $1.0 million, $0.5 million and $(0.9) million was included in our results of operations for the years ending December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Loans which are measured for impairment using the fair value of collateral for collateral dependent loans had a carrying amount of $4.0 million, with a valuation allowance of $2.0 million at December 31, 2016, and had a carrying amount of $5.1 million, with a valuation allowance of $2.5 million at December 31, 2015. An additional provision for loan losses relating to impaired loans of $0.2 million, $1.1 million and $2.1 million was included in our results of operations for the years ending December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Other real estate, which is measured using the fair value of the property, had a carrying amount of $3.2 million which is net of a valuation allowance of $0.8 million at December 31, 2016, and a carrying amount of $1.0 million, which is net of a valuation allowance of $1.7 million, at December 31, 2015. An additional charge relating to other real estate measured at fair value of $0.6 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million was included in our results of operations during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We had no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. 90 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements measured on a non-recurring basis follows: Asset Fair Value (In thousands) Valuation Technique Unobservable Inputs Weighted Average 2016 Capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights . . . . . . . $8,163 Present value of net Discount rate servicing revenue Cost to service Ancillary income Float rate $ 10.07% 83 24 1.97% Impaired loans Commercial (1) . . . . . . . . . . . 1,446 Sales comparison Adjustment for differences Mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Sales comparison Adjustment for differences approach between comparable sales (4.7) approach between comparable sales (1.5)% Other real estate Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage and installment . . . 2015 Capitalized mortgage 176 231 Sales comparison Adjustment for differences approach between comparable sales (22.5) Sales comparison Adjustment for differences approach between comparable sales (5.1) loan servicing rights . . . . . . . $8,481 Present value of net Discount rate servicing revenue Cost to service Ancillary income Float rate $ 10.04% 80 24 1.73% Impaired loans Commercial (1) . . . . . . . . . . . 1,605 Sales comparison Adjustment for differences Mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 approach between comparable sales Income approach Sales comparison Capitalization rate Adjustment for differences (2.1)% 9.3 approach between comparable sales 0.7 Other real estate Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mortgage and installment . . . 804 183 Sales comparison Adjustment for differences approach between comparable sales (3.9) Sales comparison Adjustment for differences approach between comparable sales 75.6 (1) In addition to the valuation techniques and unobservable inputs discussed above, at December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had an impaired collateral dependent commercial relationship that totaled $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively that was primarily secured by collateral other than real estate. Collateral securing this relationship primarily included machinery and equipment and inventory at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Valuation techniques at December 31, 2016 and 2015, included appraisals and discounting restructuring firm valuations based on estimates of value recovery of each particular asset type. Discount rates used ranged from 0% to 100% of stated values. 91 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding for loans held for sale for which the fair value option has been elected at December 31. Loans held for sale 2016. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NOTE 22 – FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Aggregate Fair Value Difference (In thousands) Contractual Principal $35,946 27,866 23,662 $437 714 624 $35,509 27,152 23,038 Most of our assets and liabilities are considered financial instruments. Many of these financial instruments lack an available trading market and it is our general practice and intent to hold the majority of our financial instruments to maturity. Significant estimates and assumptions were used to determine the fair value of financial instruments. These estimates are subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of judgment, and therefore, fair values may not be a precise estimate. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. Estimated fair values have been determined using available data and methodologies that are considered suitable for each category of financial instrument. For instruments with adjustable-interest rates which reprice frequently and without significant credit risk, it is presumed that estimated fair values approximate the recorded book balances. Fair value methodologies discussed below do not necessarily represent an exit price in the determination of the fair value of these financial instruments. Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits: The recorded book balance of cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits approximate fair value and are classified as Level 1. Interest bearing deposits - time: Interest bearing deposits - time have been valued based on a model using a benchmark yield curve plus a base spread and are classified as Level 2. Securities: Financial instrument assets actively traded in a secondary market have been valued using quoted market prices. Trading securities are classified as Level 1 while securities available for sale are classified as Level 2 as described in note #21. Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock: It is not practicable to determine the fair value of FHLB and FRB Stock due to restrictions placed on transferability. Net loans and loans held for sale: The fair value of loans is calculated by discounting estimated future cash flows using estimated market discount rates that reflect credit and interest-rate risk inherent in the loans and do not necessarily represent an exit price. Loans are classified as Level 3. Impaired loans are valued at the lower of cost or fair value as described in Note #21. Loans held for sale are classified as Level 2 as described in Note #21. Payment plan receivables held for sale are also classified as Level 2 based on a signed APA as described in Note #1. Accrued interest receivable and payable: The recorded book balance of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair value and are classified at the same Level as the asset and liability they are associated with. Derivative financial instruments: The fair value of rate-lock mortgage loan commitments and mandatory commitments to sell mortgage loans is based on mortgage backed security pricing for comparable assets, the fair value of interest rate swap agreements is based on a discounted cash flow analysis whose significant fair value inputs can generally be observed in the market place and do not typically involve judgment by management and the fair value of purchased and written options is based on prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics and do not typically involve judgment by management. Each of these instruments has been classified as Level 2 as described in note #21. Deposits: Deposits without a stated maturity, including demand deposits, savings, NOW and money market accounts, have a fair value equal to the amount payable on demand. Each of these instruments is classified as Level 1. Deposits with a stated maturity, such as time deposits, have generally been valued based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using a discount rate approximating current market rates for liabilities with a similar maturity resulting in a Level 2 classification. 92 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Other borrowings: Other borrowings have been valued based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using a discount rate approximating current market rates for liabilities with a similar maturity resulting in a Level 2 classification. Subordinated debentures: Subordinated debentures have generally been valued based on a quoted market price of similar instruments resulting in a Level 2 classification. The estimated recorded book balances and fair values at December 31 follow: 2016 Assets Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits - time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net loans and loans held for sale (1). . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivative financial instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities Deposits with no stated maturity (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposits with stated maturity (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivative financial instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 Assets Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits - time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net loans and loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivative financial instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities Deposits with no stated maturity (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposits with stated maturity (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Derivative financial instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recorded Book Balance Fair Value Fair Value Using Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Un- observable Inputs (Level 3) Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) (In thousands) $ 35,238 47,956 5,591 410 610,616 15,543 1,655,335 7,316 2,251 $1,740,601 485,118 9,433 35,569 932 975 $ 54,260 31,523 11,866 148 585,484 15,471 1,520,346 6,565 1,238 $1,659,743 426,220 11,954 35,569 466 619 $ 35,238 47,956 5,611 410 610,616 NA 1,629,587 7,316 2,251 $1,740,601 483,469 10,371 25,017 932 975 $ 54,260 31,523 11,858 148 585,484 NA 1,472,613 6,565 1,238 $1,659,743 423,776 13,448 23,069 466 619 $ 35,238 47,956 — 410 — $ — $ — 5,611 — 610,616 — — — — — NA — 5 — NA 67,321 2,364 2,251 NA 1,562,266 4,947 — $1,740,601 — — — 21 — $ 54,260 31,523 — 148 — $ — $ 483,469 10,371 25,017 911 975 $ — $ — 11,858 — 585,484 — — — — — — — — — — — NA — 5 — NA 27,866 1,969 1,238 NA 1,444,747 4,591 — $1,659,743 — — — 21 — $ — $ 423,776 13,448 23,069 445 619 — — — — — — (1) Net loans and loans held for sale at December 31, 2016 include $31.4 million of payment plan receivables and commercial loans held for sale. (2) Deposits with no stated maturity include reciprocal deposits with a recorded book balance of $7.4 million and $11.8 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Deposits with a stated maturity include reciprocal deposits with a recorded book balance of $31.3 million and $38.4 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 93 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The fair values for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are estimated to approximate their aggregate book balance, which is nominal, and therefore are not disclosed. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale the entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business, the value of future earnings attributable to off-balance sheet activities and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Fair value estimates for deposit accounts do not include the value of the core deposit intangible asset resulting from the low-cost funding provided by the deposit liabilities compared to the cost of borrowing funds in the market. NOTE 23 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS A summary of changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (‘‘AOCL’’), net of tax during the years ended December 31 follows: 2016 Balances at beginning of period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications . . . . . . . . Amounts reclassified from AOCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net current period other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities Available for Sale $ (238) (2,876) (196) (3,072) Dispropor- tionate Tax Effects from Securities Available for Sale $(5,798) — — — Unrealized Losses on Settled Derivatives $ — — — — Total $(6,036) (2,876) (196) (3,072) Balances at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(3,310) $(5,798) $ — $(9,108) 2015 Balances at beginning of period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications . . . . . . . . Amounts reclassified from AOCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net current period other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . $ 162 (351) (49) (400) $(5,798) — — — $ — — — — $(5,636) (351) (49) (400) Balances at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (238) $(5,798) $ — $(6,036) 2014 Balances at beginning of period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income before reclassifications. . . . . . Amounts reclassified from AOCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(3,200) 3,570 (208) Net current period other comprehensive income . . . . . . . . 3,362 $(5,798) — — — Balances at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 162 $(5,798) $(247) — 247 247 $ — $(9,245) 3,570 39 3,609 $(5,636) The disproportionate tax effects from securities available for sale arose due to tax effects of other comprehensive income (‘‘OCI’’) in the presence of a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets and a pretax loss from operations. Generally, the amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to operations is determined without regard to the tax effects of other categories of income or loss, such as OCI. However, an exception to the general rule is provided when, in the presence of a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, there is a pretax loss from operations and pretax income from other categories in the current period. In such instances, income from other categories must offset the current loss from operations, the tax benefit of such offset being reflected in operations. 94 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) A summary of reclassifications out of each component of AOCL for the years ended December 31 follows: AOCL Component 2016 Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale 2015 Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale 2014 Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale Unrealized losses on settled derivatives Reclassified From AOCL (In thousands) Affected Line Item in Consolidated Statements of Operations $ 301 — 301 105 Net gains on securities Net impairment loss recognized in earnings Total reclassifications before tax Income tax expense $ 196 Reclassifications, net of tax $ 75 — 75 26 Net gains on securities Net impairment loss recognized in earnings Total reclassifications before tax Income tax expense $ 49 Reclassifications, net of tax $ 329 (9) 320 112 Net gains on securities Net impairment loss recognized in earnings Total reclassifications before tax Income tax expense $ 208 Reclassifications, net of tax $(380) (133) $(247) $ (39) Interest expense Income tax benefit Reclassification, net of tax Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax 95 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) NOTE 24 – INDEPENDENT BANK CORPORATION (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) FINANCIAL INFORMATION Presented below are condensed financial statements for our parent company. CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION ASSETS Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued income and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) $ 9,515 5,000 259,883 10,489 $284,887 $ 35,569 379 248,939 $284,887 $ 10,800 5,000 261,016 10,120 $286,936 $ 35,569 378 250,989 $286,936 CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 OPERATING INCOME Dividends from subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,000 27 — — 153 5,180 OPERATING EXPENSES Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Operating Expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income (Loss) Before Income Tax and Equity in Undistributed Net Income of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,167 554 1,721 3,459 (615) Income (Loss) Before Equity in Undistributed Net Income of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,074 18,692 $ — 72 — — 31 103 1,021 560 1,581 (1,478) (542) (936) 20,953 $ — 64 500 295 35 894 1,462 527 1,989 (1,095) (383) (712) 18,733 Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22,766 $20,017 $18,021 96 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22,766 $ 20,017 $ 18,021 2016 Year Ended December 31, 2015 (In thousands) 2014 ADJUSTMENTS TO RECONCILE NET INCOME TO NET CASH FROM (USED) IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES Deferred income tax benefit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on extinguishment of debt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decrease in accrued income and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities. . . . . . . Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash From (Used) in Operating Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchases of interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturity of interest bearing deposits - time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Return of capital from subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash From Investing Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CASH FLOW USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES Repurchase of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Share based compensation withholding obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redemption of subordinated debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Cash Used in Financing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (615) 29 — — 246 1 (18,692) (19,031) 3,735 (7,500) 7,500 18,000 18,000 (16,854) (7,274) 1,735 (627) — (23,020) (1,285) 10,800 (542) 21 — — 5 (6) (20,953) (21,475) (1,458) (5,000) 12,500 18,500 26,000 (13,498) (5,896) 1,569 (1,091) — (18,916) 5,626 5,174 (383) 46 (500) (295) 118 287 (18,733) (19,460) (1,439) (17,500) 5,000 15,000 2,500 — (4,129) 1,242 — (4,654) (7,541) (6,480) 11,654 Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,515 $ 10,800 $ 5,174 NOTE 25 – BRANCH SALE On April 29, 2015 we entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement (‘‘PAA’’) with Isabella Bank (based in Mt. Pleasant, Michigan). Pursuant to the PAA, on August 28, 2015, we sold the fixed assets, real property and certain other assets of our bank branch located in Midland, Michigan (the ‘‘Midland Branch’’) to Isabella Bank. The deposit liabilities of the Midland Branch were assumed by Isabella Bank which totaled $8.7 million on the date of sale. Under the terms of the PAA, Isabella Bank paid a premium of $0.6 million (which was equal to 6.0% of the average deposit liabilities of $9.7 million based on the 20-day average ending two business days prior to the closing date of August 28, 2015) and $0.85 million for the real property and fixed assets (including the ATM). The real property and the fixed assets had a net book value of approximately $0.2 million as of August 28, 2015. We recorded a net gain of $1.2 million in the third quarter of 2015 on the sale of the Midland Branch. 97 QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) A summary of selected quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31 follows: Three Months Ended March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2016 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21,354 19,763 (530) 6,057 4,100 $21,267 19,630 (734) 9,049 6,438 $21,745 19,998 (175) 9,352 6,373 $22,157 20,250 130 8,443 5,855 Net income per common share Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.19 0.19 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.27 2015 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for loan losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,552 18,091 (659) 5,561 3,781 $20,131 18,701 (134) 8,243 5,619 $20,293 18,841 (244) 7,325 5,047 $20,866 19,353 (1,677) 8,251 5,570 Net income per common share Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 0.16 0.25 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.25 0.25 During the fourth quarter of 2016, we recognized a recovery of impairment on our capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights of $2.4 million (see note #4) and recorded a litigation settlement expense of $2.3 million (see note #11). During the fourth quarter of 2015, we recognized a recovery of impairment on our capitalized mortgage loan servicing rights of $0.8 million (see note #4). QUARTERLY SUMMARY (UNAUDITED) First quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second quarter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High $16.15 15.32 17.00 22.25 Reported Sales Prices of Common Shares 2015 2016 Low Low Close High Cash Dividends Declared Close 2016 2015 $13.89 13.42 14.32 16.33 $14.55 14.51 16.83 21.70 $13.20 13.93 15.27 15.88 $12.07 12.62 13.20 13.71 $12.83 13.56 14.76 15.23 $0.08 0.08 0.08 0.10 $0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 We have approximately 1,400 holders of record of our common stock. Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market System under the symbol ‘‘IBCP.’’ The prices shown above are supplied by Nasdaq and reflect the inter-dealer prices and may not include retail markups, markdowns or commissions. There may have been transactions or quotations at higher or lower prices of which we are not aware. In addition to limitations imposed by the provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act (which, among other things, limits us from paying dividends to the extent we are insolvent), our ability to pay dividends is limited by our ability to obtain funds from our Bank and by regulatory capital guidelines applicable to us (see note #20). 98 INDEPENDENT BANK CORPORATION SENIOR OFFICERS BOARD OF DIRECTORS* William B. Kessel Michael M. Magee, Jr., Chairman Robert N. Shuster William J. Boer Joan A. Budden James J. Twarozynski Stephen L. Gulis, Jr. Terry L. Haske Christina L. Keller William B. Kessel James E. McCarty, Lead Director Matthew J. Missad Charles C. Van Loan INDEPENDENT BANK SENIOR OFFICERS William B. Kessel Beth J. Jungel Robert N. Shuster Keith J. Lightbody Mark L. Collins Cheryl L. McKellar Stefanie M. Kimball Dean M. Morse Dennis J. Mack David C. Reglin Laurinda M. Neve Steven M. Potter Cheryl A. Bartholic Tricia L. Raquepaw Martha A. Blandford Edward W. Ryan Richard E. Butler Raymond P. Stecko Larry R. Daniel Sandra A. Dine Patrick J. Ervin Peter R. Graves Michael J. Stodolak James J. Twarozynski Denise E. Wheaton *Individuals listed also serve on the Board of Directors for Independent Bank. STOCK Independent Bank Corporation’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market System under the symbol IBCP. TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219, info@amstock. com, (telephone 800.937.5449), serves as transfer agent and registrar of our common stock. Inquiries related to shareholder records and change of name, address or ownership of stock should be directed to our transfer agent and registrar. INVESTOR RELATIONS ON THE INTERNET Go to our website at IndependentBank.com to find the latest investor relations information about Independent Bank Corporation, including stock quotes, news releases and financial data. DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND DIRECT STOCK PURCHASES OR SALES Investors Choice is our Dividend Reinvestment & Direct Stock Purchase and Sale Plan sponsored and administered by American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the transfer agent for Independent Bank Corporation. A plan booklet is available by writing to our Chief Financial Officer. The plan materials are also available at the American Stock Transfer & Trust Company website (amstock.com). FORM 10-K Shareholders may obtain, without charge, a copy of Form 10-K, the 2016 Annual Report to the Securities and Exchange Commission, through our website at IndependentBank.com or by writing to the Chief Financial Officer, Independent Bank Corporation, 4200 East Beltline, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525 or by email at info@ibcp.com. 

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