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Industrie De Nora

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FY2018 Annual Report · Industrie De Nora
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2018 | ANNUAL REPORT

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The data and/or statements contained in this annual report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements, as that term is defined 
in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking 
statements may be or may concern, among other things, financial forecasts, future hydrocarbon prices and their volatility, current or future 
liquidity sources or their adequacy to support our anticipated future activities, our ability to further reduce our debt levels, possible future 
write-downs of oil and natural gas reserves, together with assumptions based on current and projected production levels, oil and gas prices and 
oilfield costs, current or future expectations or estimations of our cash flows or the impact of changes in commodity prices on cash flows, 
availability of capital, borrowing capacity, price and availability of advantageous commodity derivative contracts or the predicted cash flow 
benefits therefrom, forecasted capital expenditures, drilling activity or methods, including the timing and location thereof, the nature of any 
proposed future asset purchase or sales or dispositions or the timing or proceeds thereof, estimated timing of commencement of CO2 flooding 
of particular fields or areas, including CCA, or the availability of capital for CCA pipeline construction, or its ultimate cost or its date of 
completion, timing of CO2 injections and initial production responses in tertiary flooding projects, development activities, finding costs, 
anticipated future cost savings, capital budgets, interpretation or prediction of formation details, production rates and volumes or forecasts 
thereof, hydrocarbon reserve quantities and values, CO2 reserves and supply and their availability, potential reserves, barrels or percentages of 
recoverable original oil in place, levels of U.S. and worldwide tariffs or other trade restrictions, the likelihood, timing and impact of increased 
interest rates, the impact of regulatory rulings or changes, anticipated outcomes of pending litigation, prospective legislation affecting the oil 
and gas industry, environmental regulations, mark-to-market values, competition, long-term forecasts of production, rates of return, estimated 
costs, changes in costs, future capital expenditures and overall economics, worldwide economic conditions and other variables surrounding 
our operations and future plans. Such forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,”
“predict,” “forecast,” “to our knowledge,” “anticipate,” “projected,” “preliminary,” “should,” “assume,” “believe,” “may” or other words that 
convey, or are intended to convey, the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Such forward-looking information is based upon 
management’s current plans, expectations, estimates, and assumptions and is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could 
significantly and adversely affect current plans, anticipated actions, the timing of such actions and our financial condition and results of 
operations. As a consequence, actual results may differ materially from expectations, estimates or assumptions expressed in or implied by any
forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are fluctuations 
in worldwide oil prices or in U.S. oil prices and consequently in the prices received or demand for our oil and natural gas; decisions as to 
production levels and/or pricing by OPEC or production levels by U.S. shale producers in future periods; levels of future capital expenditures; 
effects of our indebtedness; success of our risk management techniques; accuracy of our cost estimates; availability or terms of credit in the 
commercial banking or other debt markets; fluctuations in the prices of goods and services; the uncertainty of drilling results and reserve 
estimates; operating hazards and remediation costs; disruption of operations and damages from well incidents, hurricanes, tropical storms, 
forest fires, or other natural occurrences; acquisition risks; requirements for capital or its availability; conditions in the worldwide financial, 
trade and credit markets; general economic conditions; competition; government regulations, including changes in tax or environmental laws 
or regulations; and unexpected delays, as well as the risks and uncertainties inherent in oil and gas drilling and production activities or that are 
otherwise discussed in this report, including, without limitation, the portions referenced above, and the uncertainties set forth from time to 
time in our other public reports, filings and public statements.

Current SEC rules regarding oil and gas reserves information allow oil and gas companies to disclose in filings with the SEC not only proved 
reserves, but also probable and possible reserves that meet the SEC’s definitions of such terms. We disclose only proved reserves in our filings 
with the SEC. Denbury’s proved reserves as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2018 were estimated by DeGolyer and MacNaughton, an 
independent petroleum engineering firm. In this presentation, we may make reference to probable and possible reserves, some of which have 
been estimated by our independent engineers and some of which have been estimated by Denbury’s internal staff of engineers. In this 
presentation, we also may refer to estimates of original oil in place, resource or reserves “potential,” barrels recoverable, “risked” and “unrisked”
resource potential, estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) or other descriptions of volumes potentially recoverable, which in addition to reserves 
generally classifiable as probable and possible (2P and 3P reserves), include estimates of resources that do not rise to the standards for possible 
reserves, and which SEC guidelines strictly prohibit us from including in filings with the SEC. These estimates, as well as the estimates of 
probable and possible reserves, are by their nature more speculative than estimates of proved reserves and are subject to greater uncertainties, 
and accordingly the likelihood of recovering those reserves is subject to substantially greater risk.

OPERATING AREAS

ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

MT

˜110 Miles
Cost: ˜$150MM

ND

Cedar Creek Anticline Area (CCA)

Gas Draw

Bell Creek

WY

Lost
Cabin
(COP)

p
c
Greencore Pipeline
232 Miles
3

Hartzog Draw

Salt Creek

Grieve

Shute
Creek
(XOM)

GULF COAST REGION

Proved Reserves & Total 
Company Resource Potential 
(MMBOEs)

Proved Reserves (1)

Tertiary 

Non-Tertiary 

Total Proved Reserves  

151

111

262 

Total Company Resource 
Potential (2)  

>1,000

MS

Tinsley

Jackson
Dome

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Heidelberg

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Martinvi

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W. Yellow Creek

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Delhi

Mature Area

TX

LA

Cranfieldd

Green Pipeline
˜325 MilesM

Mallalieu
Ma
Little Creek
L
M
McComb

0 

˜90 Miles
Cost: ˜$220MM

22

Conroe

Webster

Thompson

Ai Products
Air Products

Oyster Bayou

Manvel

Hastings

Nutrien

Citronelle

Gulf of 
Mexico

Denbury Operated Pipelines

Denbury Planned Pipelines

Pipelines Owned by Others

Denbury Owned Fields – Current CO2 Floods

Denbury Owned Fields – Potential CO2 Floods

Naturally-Occurring CO2 Source

Fields Owned by Others – Potential CO2 EOR Candidates 

Industrial CO2 Sources Owned or Contracted

(1) Proved tertiary and non-tertiary oil and natural gas reserves based upon 2018 SEC pricing.

(2) Total Company resource potential includes both tertiary and non-tertiary resource potential, based on a range of recovery factors and long-
term oil price assumptions, which also may include estimates of resources that do not rise to the standards of possible reserves. Potential 
tertiary reserves are estimated as of 12/31/18, and also include proved tertiary reserves estimated as of 12/31/18, based on 2018 SEC pricing. 
Potential non-tertiary reserves includes exploitation potential estimated as of 12/31/18, and also includes proved non-tertiary reserves 
estimated as of 12/31/18, based on 2018 SEC pricing. See “Forward-Looking Statements” for additional information.

 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER TO THE SHAREHOLDERS

DEAR FELLOW SHAREHOLDERS,

2018 continued to form the foundation for Denbury’s 

promising future, providing a prelude to Denbury’s 

Christian S. Kendall
President and

Chief Executive Officer

dynamic potential in a strengthening oil market. While we

oil fields, and our significant CO2 sources and

certainly did not desire the steep fall in oil prices in the 

infrastructure position us very well to continue to be the 

fourth quarter, it provided a strong reinforcement of the 

industry leader in EOR for its long future.

importance of Denbury’s sustained emphasis on balance

sheet improvement, cost discipline and capital flexibility.

Reflecting on 2018, I am inspired by the sustained 

dedication and skills of our employees, and I am more 

Many factors and uncertainties contribute to the oil

than encouraged and impressed by the great strides we

supply and demand equation. It is our belief that 

have taken together as a company. Importantly, we set

projections for strong long-term oil demand, together 

Company records in each of our safety and spill prevention

with the likelihood that supply growth from tight oil 

measures, a strong indicator that we continue to be on 

development will slow and potentially peak around the

the right track in our operations and priorities. The 

middle of the next decade, combine to support a 

Company had several other important accomplishments

conclusion that significant long-term additional oil supply

during the year, including:

will be critical. At the same time, however, investor

sentiment for the industry has been challenging, with a 

desire for companies to show value creation instead of 

growing at all costs, all amid increasing public pressure

for oil producing companies to limit their carbon impact

while safely and responsibly providing this vital 

commodity that powers much of the world’s economy.

• Significant strengthening of our balance sheet,

reducing our leverage ratio by over two turns, and 

lowering our net debt by over $280 million;

• Reducing year-on-year G&A by an incremental 

$30 million, or 30%;

• Sustained capital discipline, maintaining total capital 

within our original guidance range and continuing 

This combination of circumstances and sentiments aligns 

our longstanding objective of spending within cash 

perfectly with the core of Denbury’s business, both 

flow, generating over $80 million in free cash;

currently as well as in the future. With our strong focus 

• Replacing reserves in excess of our annual production,

on CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR), our current and

with year-end 2018 reserves up 111% compared to

planned developments provide decades of low decline, 

year-end 2017 reserves, less 2018 production;

high margin oil production while annually injecting into 

• Meaningful success in our high value, organic

our reservoirs over 3 million tons of industrial-sourced 

exploitation program, highlighted by seven 

CO2 that would otherwise be emitted into the

successful wells and a strong inventory for continued 

atmosphere. Putting that number in perspective, this 

exploitation development in 2019 and beyond;

amount of CO2 is equivalent to the amount of CO2 emitted

• Sanctioning of the Cedar Creek Anticline EOR 

annually by roughly 700,000 vehicles.

The IEA World Energy Outlook 2018 projects strong growth 

in worldwide EOR production, more than doubling from

current levels to approach nearly five million barrels of

production per day by 2040. As the only sizable U.S. public 

E&P company whose EOR operations generate the

majority of its production, Denbury’s broad EOR 

experience and expertise, our deep inventory of existing

development, a cornerstone project with the 

potential to recover in excess of 400 million barrels 

of oil from this great asset;

• Significant success with Phase Five development at

Bell Creek, exceeding our expectations; and 

• Extending our bank credit facility by two years

to 2021, while simultaneously refinancing the full 

outstanding balance of the facility into a new note 

due in 2024, leaving a fully undrawn credit facility.

The fourth quarter of 2018 also provided a strong 

continue to drive the CCA EOR project along its path

reminder of the reasons we must continue to focus our 

toward first oil, and we will expand our exploitation work

business in 2019 around $50 oil. The collapse in oil price 

to test new, high potential concepts across our asset base. 

was nearly unprecedented in terms of how far and how

We will also continue to optimize and expand production

fast the price fell, but our cost discipline, coupled with the 

from our great set of legacy fields, where our technical

capital flexibility afforded by our low-decline assets, 

teams continue to find opportunities to extract even

allowed us to quickly adjust plans for a lower price 

greater value.

environment in 2019 while still generating meaningful 

free cash.

Shareholders, I deeply value your longstanding

commitment to Denbury. Your faith in the Company and

We constantly consider the future of EOR, and we see 

your unwavering support of our team is inspirational and

great potential in the Eagle Ford shale, where only around 

energizing. We share a great vision for what Denbury can

10% of original hydrocarbons in place are recovered 

become, and I, along with the rest of the Denbury team,

through primary production. The transaction we

are committed to bringing that vision to reality.

announced in late October — where we would have

acquired Penn Virginia Corporation — was the result of 

careful and deliberate consideration of this great

Sincerely,

potential and opportunity, and, if consummated, would 

have provided the Company with a platform to commence 

work on this new frontier for EOR. While we had to make

the tough decision to mutually terminate the transaction

in early 2019 - primarily due to the poor market conditions

and opposition from certain Penn Virginia shareholders —

we continue to believe in the significant potential for EOR 

in the Eagle Ford and will continue to pursue practical 

opportunities to expand our business in areas where our

EOR expertise, experience, and extensive CO2 resources can 

create value for the benefit of all Denbury stakeholders. 

Looking ahead to 2019, our priorities are clear. While we 

have made significant improvements in our balance 

sheet, we will continue with a sharp focus on progressing

additional impactful initiatives. As we have done in past 

years, we will manage spending across our high-margin 

asset base to generate significant free cash flow, we will

Chris Kendall 

President and

Chief Executive Officer

March 29, 2019

DENBURY’S CO2 EOR CYCLE

STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 4

CO2 SOURCES & CAPTURE

The first step in implementing a carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (“CO2

EOR”) project is to secure access to substantial volumes of CO2. Denbury

sources CO2 both from naturally-occurring underground reservoirs and from

industrial sources which capture, process and then compress the CO2 for

delivery into a pipeline network. The CO2 captured from industrial sources

(which is sometimes referred to as anthropogenic or man-made CO2) could 

otherwise be released into the atmosphere.

CO2 TRANSPORTATION

The second step is transporting the CO2 from the source to the oil field. We

operate or control over 1,100 miles of CO2 pipelines and are continually

expanding this network to transport naturally-occurring CO2 and CO2 from

industrial sources to our tertiary fields. During 2018, we utilized an average 

of more than 170 million cubic feet of CO2 from industrial sources per day

and anticipate additional CO2 from industrial sources from currently

planned or future construction of facilities in our Gulf Coast region.

CO2 INJECTION

The third step is to inject the CO2 into the oil-bearing reservoir through a

wellbore. The injected CO2 moves through the reservoir, mixing with the

crude oil trapped there. The CO2 acts to separate the oil from the reservoir

rock and increase the oil’s mobility within the reservoir. The mixture is

driven through the formation into a producing wellbore, where it then

comes to the surface, increasing the field’s oil production. To date, our CO2

EOR operations have resulted in the gross production of over 190 million

barrels of oil that may not have otherwise been recovered.

CO2 EOR BENEFITS & STORAGE

CO2 EOR operations provide considerable economic and environmental

benefits. The economic benefits of CO2 EOR include the creation of jobs due

to investments required to implement and operate a CO2 EOR project, along 

with tax payments to local governments. Our CO2 EOR operations provide an

environmentally responsible method of utilizing CO2 for the primary

purpose of oil recovery, that also results in the incidental underground

storage of CO2, while also making our nation more energy secure.

UNITED STATT TES SECURITIES 

AA

AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WW
Washington, D.C. 20549

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934

2018 FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
r

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018
OR

   Transition r

TT

eport pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 

r

Act of 1934

For the transition period from _________ to________

Commission file number   1-12935

r

DENBURYRR  RESOURCES INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Y

Delaware

20-0467835

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

r

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

5320 Legacy Drive,
Plano, TX

(Address of principal executive offices)

rr

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

75024

(Zip Code)

(972) 673-2000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class:

Common Stock $.001 Par ValueVV

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:

New York Stock Exchange

YY

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  YesYY

   No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YesYY

   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for 
the past 90 days.  YesYY

   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 (§232.405
   No 
of this chapter) of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YesYY

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not 
be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an
emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emer
in Rule 12-b2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer 

   Smaller reporting company

   Emerging growth company

   Non-accelerated filer 

   Accelerated filer 

yy

yy

ging growth company”

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or 
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

yy

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  YesYY

   No 

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates, based on the closing price of the registrant’
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $2,178,055,595.

ff

s common stock as of the last 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock as of January 31, 2019, was 460,442,251.

Y
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY

AA

 REFERENCE

Document:

1. Notice and Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 22, 2019.

Incorporated as to:

1.  Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

Denbury Resources Inc.

2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K
 Table of Contents 

Page

Glossary and Selected Abbreviations

PART I

Business and Properties

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings
  Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases
of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Item 15.

Item 16.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Information

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

PART III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

Signatures

2

3

5

26

32

32

33

34

35

37

39

63

63

104

104

104

105

105

105

105

105

106

111

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.

Glossary and Selected Abbreviations

Bbl

Bbls/d

Bcf

BOE

BOE/d

Btu

CO2

EOR

One stock tank barrel, of 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used herein in reference to crude oil or other liquid 
hydrocarbons.

Barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons produced per day.

One billion cubic feet of natural gas or CO2.

One barrel of oil equivalent, using the ratio of one barrel of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids to 
6 Mcf of natural gas.

BOEs produced per day.

British thermal unit, which is the heat required to raise the temperature of a one-pound mass of water from 
58.5 to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit (°F).

Carbon dioxide.

Enhanced oil recovery.  In the context of our oil and natural gas production, EOR is also referred to as 
tertiary recovery.

Finding and
development costs

The average cost per BOE to find and develop proved reserves during a given period. It is calculated by 
dividing (a) costs, which include the sum of (i) the total acquisition, exploration and development costs 
incurred  during  the  period  plus  (ii)  future  development  and  abandonment  costs  related  to  the  specified 
property or group of properties, by (b) the sum of (i) the change in total proved reserves during the period 
plus (ii) total production during that period.

GAAP

MBbls

MBOE

Mcf

Mcf/d

MMBbls

MMBOE

MMBtu

MMcf

MMcf/d

Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

One thousand barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.

One thousand BOEs.

One thousand cubic feet of natural gas or CO2 at a temperature base of 60 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and at 
the legal pressure base (14.65 to 15.025 pounds per square inch absolute) of the state or area in which the 
reserves are located or sales are made.

One thousand cubic feet of natural gas or CO2 per day.

One million barrels of crude oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.

One million BOEs.

One million Btus.

One million cubic feet of natural gas or CO2.

One million cubic feet of natural gas or CO2 produced per day.

Noncash fair value 
gains (losses) on 
commodity 
derivatives

The net change during the period in the fair market value of commodity derivative positions.  Noncash fair 
value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives is a non-GAAP measure and makes up only a portion of 
“Commodity  derivatives  expense  (income)”  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations,  which  also 
includes the impact of settlements on commodity derivatives during the period.  Its use is further discussed 
in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of 
Operations – Operating Results Table.

NYMEX

The  New York Mercantile  Exchange.    In  the  context  of  our  oil  and  natural  gas  sales,  NYMEX  pricing 
represents the West Texas Intermediate benchmark price for crude oil and Henry Hub benchmark price for 
natural gas.

Probable
Reserves*

Reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, 
are as likely as not to be recovered.

Proved Developed
Reserves*

Reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating 
methods.

3

Denbury Resources Inc.

Proved Reserves* Reserves that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in 
future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.

Proved
Undeveloped
Reserves*

PV-10 Value

Reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells, in 
each case where a relatively major expenditure is required.

The estimated future gross revenue to be generated from the production of proved reserves, net of estimated 
future production, development and abandonment costs, and before income taxes, discounted to a present 
value using an annual discount rate of 10%.  PV-10 Values were prepared using average hydrocarbon prices 
equal to the unweighted arithmetic average of hydrocarbon prices on the first day of each month within the 
12-month period preceding the reporting date.  PV-10 Value is a non-GAAP measure and does not purport 
to represent the fair value of our oil and natural gas reserves; its use is further discussed in Item 1, Business 
and Properties – Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations.

Tcf

One trillion cubic feet of natural gas or CO2.

Tertiary Recovery A term used to represent techniques for extracting incremental oil out of existing oil fields (as opposed to 
primary  and  secondary  recovery  or  “non-tertiary”  recovery).    In  the  context  of  our  oil  and  natural  gas 
production, tertiary recovery is also referred to as EOR.

* This definition is an abbreviated version of the complete definition set forth in Rule 4-10(a) of Regulation S-X.  For the 
complete definition see: 
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?
SID=2d916841db86d079fa060fa63b08d34e&mc=true&node=se17.3.210_14_610&rgn=div8.

4

Denbury Resources Inc.

PART I

Item 1. Business and Properties

GENERAL

Denbury Resources Inc., a Delaware corporation, is an independent oil and natural gas company with 262.2 MMBOE of 
estimated proved oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2018, of which 97% is oil.  Our operations are focused in two 
key operating areas: the Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain regions.  Our goal is to increase the value of our properties through a 
combination of exploitation, drilling and proven engineering extraction practices, with the most significant emphasis relating to 
CO2 enhanced oil recovery operations.

As part of our corporate strategy, we are committed to strong financial discipline, efficient operations and creating long-term 

value for our shareholders through the following key principles:

• 

• 

• 

target specific regions where we either have, or believe we can create, a competitive advantage as a result of our ownership 
or use of CO2 reserves, oil fields and CO2 infrastructure;
secure properties where we believe additional value can be created through tertiary recovery operations and a combination 
of other exploitation, development, exploration and marketing techniques;
acquire properties that give us a majority working interest and operational control or where we believe we can ultimately 
obtain it;

•  maximize the value and cash flow generated from our operations by increasing production and reserves while controlling 

costs;
optimize the timing and allocation of capital among our investment opportunities to maximize the rates of return on our 
investments;
exercise financial discipline by attempting to balance our development capital expenditures with our cash flows from 
operations; and
attract and maintain a highly competitive team of experienced and incentivized personnel.

• 

• 

• 

Denbury has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 1997.  Our corporate headquarters is located at 
5320 Legacy Drive, Plano, Texas 75024, and our phone number is 972-673-2000.  At December 31, 2018, we had 847 employees, 
484 of whom were employed in field operations or at our field offices.  We make our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports 
on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, filed or furnished pursuant to section 13(a) or 15(d) 
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, available free of charge on or through our website, www.denbury.com, as soon as reasonably 
practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.  The SEC also maintains a website, http://
www.sec.gov, which contains periodic reports on Forms 8-K, 10-Q and 10-K filed with the SEC, along with other reports, proxy 
and information statements and other information filed by Denbury.  Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-
K”) we use the terms “Denbury,” “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” to refer to Denbury Resources Inc. and, as the context may 
require, its subsidiaries.

DEFINITIVE MERGER AGREEMENT TO ACQUIRE PENN VIRGINIA CORPORATION  

On October 28, 2018, we entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Penn Virginia 
Corporation (NASDAQ: PVAC) (“Penn Virginia”).  The Merger Agreement provides for us to acquire Penn Virginia in a stock 
and cash transaction (the “Merger”).  The Merger is subject to approval by shareholders of Penn Virginia and approval by Denbury’s 
stockholders of the issuance of Denbury common stock in the Merger and an amendment to Denbury’s charter to increase its 
authorized shares.  Consummation of the Merger is also subject to other customary mutual closing conditions, which are described 
in the Form 8-K references below.  A Form S-4 Registration Statement pertaining to the Merger has been filed with the SEC, and 
we and Penn Virginia intend to provide to our respective equity holders an updated version of the Joint Proxy Statement/Prospectus 
contained therein in connection with solicitation of approval by Denbury stockholders and Penn Virginia shareholders of those 
matters described above.  Based upon Denbury’s per share closing price on the NYSE on October 26, 2018, the transaction value 
is approximately $1.7 billion, including the assumption of Penn Virginia debt outstanding as of the date of the Merger Agreement.  
For further information, see “Overview – Agreement to Acquire Penn Virginia Corporation” in Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which is only a summary of certain aspects of the Merger Agreement 
and the transactions contemplated thereby, and is not intended to be complete.  For further information, see our Form 8-K and 
exhibits thereto filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission” or the “SEC”) on October 29, 2018.

5

Denbury Resources Inc.

In connection with the Merger Agreement, Denbury has received a commitment letter from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
subject to certain funding conditions, for a proposed new $1.2 billion senior secured revolving credit facility with a maturity date 
of December 9, 2021 and a $400 million senior secured second lien bridge facility to be available to the extent Denbury does not 
secure alternate financing prior to April 30, 2019.  The commitment letter is an exhibit to our Form 10-Q Report for the third 
quarter of 2018 filed with the SEC on November 9, 2018.  These two new debt financings are expected to be used to fully or 
partially fund the $400 million cash portion of the consideration in the Merger, potentially retire and replace Penn Virginia’s $200 
million second lien term loan, replace Penn Virginia’s existing bank credit facility, which had $321 million drawn and outstanding 
as of December 31, 2018, and pay fees and expenses.

Consummation of the Merger and the related financing, which cannot be assured and requires satisfaction of a variety of 

conditions, would have a significant impact on all aspects of our business and financial condition.

2018 BUSINESS DEVELOPMENTS

Since our production is 97% oil, oil prices generally constitute the single largest variable in our operating results.  Over the 
last few years, NYMEX oil prices have been volatile, decreasing to a low of $26 in early 2016 and gradually improving to hit a 
three-year peak of $76 in October 2018, before retreating to the low-$40’s in late December 2018 and then moving upward again 
to an average of approximately $53 per Bbl during the first two months of 2019.  During the period of lower oil prices, our focus 
primarily  has  been  on  preservation  of  cash  and  liquidity,  together  with  cost  reductions  and  debt  management,  rather  than 
concentration on expansion and growth.  Our 2018 key accomplishments and business developments included the following:

• 

Sanctioned our CO2 enhanced oil recovery development project at Cedar Creek Anticline, Denbury’s largest oil field, a project 
to access the potential for significant long-term oil production and cash flow of this key asset, which will require capital outlay 
for the initial phase of the project of approximately $300 million through 2022.

•  Generated $529.7 million of cash flow from operations in 2018 ($443.6 million after reducing for interest payments treated 

as debt reduction), significantly exceeding our incurred development capital expenditures in 2018 of $322.7 million.

•  Reduced our debt principal by $243.2 million during 2018, with $144.1 million of that reduction coming from the conversion 
of our 5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 and 3½% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 into shares of Denbury common 
stock.

•  Extended the maturity date of our senior secured bank credit facility from December 9, 2019 to December 9, 2021.

• 

• 

Issued $450.0 million of 7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024 in August 2018, with a portion of the proceeds 
utilized to fully repay outstanding borrowings on our senior secured bank credit facility.

Improved the ratio of net debt (debt principal less cash and cash equivalents) to 2018 Adjusted EBITDAX (a non-GAAP 
measure) to 4.2x (including hedge settlements) and 3.3x (excluding hedge settlements) from 6.6x (including hedge settlements) 
and 5.9x (excluding hedge settlements) utilizing the comparable 2017 measures (see Item 1, Business and Properties – Non-
GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations).

•  Reduced 2018 general and administrative expenses by $30.3 million to $71.5 million, a 30% reduction from 2017 amounts, 

reflective of our reductions in personnel and our efforts to reduce costs during the oil price downturn.

• 

Increased proved reserves at December 31, 2018 to 262.2 MMBOE, from 259.7 MMBOE at December 31, 2017, representing 
a 111% replacement of 2018 annual production.

2019 BUSINESS OUTLOOK

As we approached the end of 2018, we experienced another significant downward move in oil prices, which dropped from 
over $76 per barrel in early October 2018 to lows in the $40 per barrel range by the end of 2018.  In light of this, we remained 
diligent in determining our capital budget for 2019, exercising the flexibility we have with our asset base and focusing on both 
short-term and long-term projects that maximize value while meeting one of our key objectives of spending within cash flow.  For 
2019, we have initially budgeted our development capital spending at $240 million to $260 million, excluding capitalized interest 
and acquisitions, a decrease of roughly 23% from 2018 actual capital spending levels.  We utilized a NYMEX oil price estimate 

6

 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.

of $50 per Bbl in developing our 2019 budget, which based on our current projections would generate a level of cash flow that 
would more than fully fund our development capital spending plans, with any excess cash flow potentially used for debt reduction, 
acquisitions, and/or additional capital spending, among other things.  At this decreased capital spending level, we currently anticipate 
2019 average daily production to average between 56,000 and 60,000 BOE/d, compared to our 2018 average production rate of 
60,341 BOE/d.

Our capital spending during 2019 will focus primarily on the continued development of our current tertiary floods, certain 
exploitation projects within our existing fields and approximately $30 million of the cost for the CO2 pipeline needed for the Cedar 
Creek Anticline enhanced oil recovery project.  Planned development activities presented in the discussions that follow may be 
modified during the course of 2019 depending primarily upon oil prices and our level of cash flow to fund such development, and 
we will continue to evaluate the timing of the development of our inventory of fields and related pipelines and facilities.  Additionally, 
we plan to continue our focus on strengthening our financial condition by opportunistically taking steps to reduce our remaining 
debt levels and/or extend debt maturities, maintaining and enhancing the efficiencies achieved over the last couple of years, and 
pursuing opportunities to increase or accelerate growth through organic projects such as accretive acquisitions.

Along with Denbury’s 2019 development plans, we are continuing to market for sale approximately 4,000 acres of surface 
land with no active oil and gas operations in the Houston area.  We remain focused on a strategy that we believe will ultimately 
yield the highest value for the land, and we expect most of that value to be realized over the next couple of years.  During 2018, 
we consummated approximately $5 million of land sales and currently have signed agreements covering another $9 million that 
we expect to close in 2019.  In early 2018, we began the process of portfolio optimization through the marketing of mature properties 
located in Mississippi and Louisiana and Citronelle Field in Alabama, and completed the sale of Lockhart Crossing Field for net 
proceeds of $4.1 million during the third quarter of 2018.  The decline in oil prices and our focus on the Penn Virginia transaction 
stalled our process in the fourth quarter of 2018, but we plan to continue to evaluate our options with these fields as oil prices 
improve.  In aggregate, these fields produced an average of approximately 7,228 BOE/d during the fourth quarter of 2018.  In 
aggregate, these fields accounted for 12% of our total 2018 production and approximately 8% of our year-end proved reserves.

We  believe  the  acquisition  of  Penn Virginia  would  enhance  Denbury’s  operating  results  and  balance  sheet  by  creating  a 
combination of short-cycle investment opportunities in Penn Virginia’s Eagle Ford Shale acreage and Denbury’s lower-declining 
EOR focused asset base, with the opportunity to apply Denbury’s technical EOR knowledge and capabilities to enhance the long-
term development potential of Penn Virginia’s Eagle Ford acreage.  As a combined entity, Denbury plans to continue to spend 
within cash flow and remain focused on the same core objectives.  If the merger is not approved by the shareholders of both 
companies, Denbury will execute its 2019 plans on a stand-alone basis and remain focused on these same key objectives.

7

 
ESTIMATED NET QUANTITIES OF PROVED OIL AND NATURAL GAS RESERVES AND PRESENT VALUE OF 
ESTIMATED FUTURE NET REVENUES

Denbury Resources Inc.

Oil and Natural Gas Reserve Estimates

DeGolyer and MacNaughton (“D&M”) prepared estimates of our net proved oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 
2018, 2017 and 2016 (see the summary of D&M’s report as of December 31, 2018, included as an exhibit to this Form 10-K).  
These estimates of reserves were prepared using an average price equal to the unweighted arithmetic average of hydrocarbon prices 
on the first day of each month within the 12-month period in accordance with rules and regulations of the SEC.  These oil and 
natural gas reserve estimates do not include any value for probable or possible reserves that may exist, nor do they include any 
value for undeveloped acreage.  The reserve estimates represent our net revenue interest in our properties.

8

Denbury Resources Inc.

The following table provides estimated proved reserve information prepared by D&M as of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 
2016, as well as PV-10 Values and Standardized Measures for each period.  During 2018, total proved reserves increased by 24.5
MMBOE (9%) excluding 2018 production of 22.0 MMBOE, representing a 111% replacement of 2018 annual production.  There 
are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves and their values, including many 
factors beyond our control, which are further discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors – Estimating our reserves, production and future 
net  cash  flows  is  difficult  to  do  with  any  certainty.  See  also  Oil  and  Natural  Gas  Operations  –  Field  Summary  Table
and Supplemental Oil and Natural Gas Disclosures (Unaudited) to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion 
of reserve inputs and changes between periods.

Estimated proved reserves

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Oil equivalent (MBOE)
Reserve volumes categories

Proved developed producing

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Oil equivalent (MBOE)

Proved developed non-producing

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Oil equivalent (MBOE)

Proved undeveloped

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Oil equivalent (MBOE)

Percentage of total MBOE

Proved developed producing

Proved developed non-producing

Proved undeveloped

Representative oil and natural gas prices(1)

Oil (NYMEX price per Bbl)

Natural gas (Henry Hub price per MMBtu)

Present values (in thousands)(2)

December 31,

2018

2017

2016

255,042

43,008

262,210

200,852

39,562

207,446

21,884

3,350

22,442

32,306

96

32,322

252,625

42,721

259,745

189,166

38,184

195,530

33,365

4,251

34,073

30,094

286

30,142

247,103

44,315

254,489

170,082

40,167

176,777

31,837

3,788

32,468

45,184

360

45,244

79%

9%

12%

75%

13%

12%

69%

13%

18%

$

65.56

$

51.34

$

3.10

2.98

42.75

2.55

Discounted estimated future net cash flows before income taxes (PV-10 

Value)(3)

$ 4,025,139

$ 2,533,798

$ 1,541,684

Standardized measure of discounted estimated future net cash flows

after income taxes (“Standardized Measure”)

$ 3,351,385

$ 2,232,429

$ 1,399,217

(1)  The reference prices were based on the arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month NYMEX commodity prices for each 
month during the respective year.  These prices do not reflect adjustments for market differentials by field that are utilized in 
the preparation of our reserve report to arrive at the appropriate net price we receive.  See Item 7, Management’s Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Operating Results Table for details 
of oil and natural gas prices received, both including and excluding the impact of derivative settlements.

(2)  Determined  based  on  the  average  first-day-of-the-month  prices  for  each  month,  adjusted  to  prices  received  by  field  in 
accordance with standards set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification (“FASC”).  PV-10 Values and 
the Standardized Measure are significantly impacted by the oil prices we receive relative to NYMEX oil prices (our NYMEX 

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.

oil price differential).  The weighted-average oil price differentials utilized were $0.24 per Bbl below representative NYMEX 
oil prices as of December 31, 2018, compared to $2.25 per Bbl below NYMEX oil prices as of December 31, 2017, and $3.39 
per Bbl below NYMEX oil prices as of December 31, 2016.

(3)  PV-10 Value is a non-GAAP measure and is different from the Standardized Measure in that PV-10 Value is a pre-tax number 
and the Standardized Measure is an after-tax number.  See Item 1, Business and Properties – Non-GAAP Financial Measures 
and Reconciliations for further discussion.

Our proved non-producing reserves primarily relate to reserves that are to be recovered from productive zones that currently 
require a response to performance modifications before they can be classified as proved developed producing.  Since a majority 
of our properties are in areas with multiple pay zones, these properties may have both proved producing and proved non-producing 
reserves.

As of December 31, 2018, our estimated proved undeveloped reserves totaled approximately 32.3 MMBOE, or approximately 
12% of our estimated total proved reserves, an increase of 2.2 MMBOE (7%) from December 31, 2017 levels for these reserves, 
which changes are discussed below.  Approximately 88% (28.3 MMBOE) of our proved undeveloped oil reserves relate to planned 
future development within our CO2 tertiary operating fields.  We generally consider the CO2 tertiary proved undeveloped reserves 
to be lower risk than other proved undeveloped reserves that require drilling at locations offsetting existing production, because 
all of these proved undeveloped reserves are associated with tertiary recovery operations in fields and reservoirs that historically 
produced substantial volumes of oil under primary production.  As of December 31, 2018, 19.8 MMBOE of our total proved 
undeveloped reserves are not scheduled to be developed within five years of initial booking, all of which are part of CO2 EOR 
projects.  We believe these reserves satisfy the conditions to be included as proved reserves because (1) we have established and 
continue to follow the previously adopted development plan for each of these projects; (2) we have significant ongoing development 
activities in each of these CO2 EOR projects and (3) we have a historical record of completing the development of comparable 
long-term projects.

During 2018, we spent approximately $20 million to convert 1.1 MMBOE of proved undeveloped reserves to proved developed 
reserves, primarily related to continued tertiary development activities at Delhi Field and non-tertiary development activities at 
Cedar Creek Anticline through our Mission Canyon drilling program.  Other changes in proved undeveloped reserves during 2018
included improved recovery additions of 2.3 MMBOE related to our non-tertiary operations at Cedar Creek Anticline; adding an 
additional 2.0 MMBOE primarily related to our tertiary operations at Hastings Field and Salt Creek Field; and recognizing net 
downward revisions of our proved undeveloped reserves of 1.0 MMBOE, primarily the result of reserves that were reclassified to 
unproved  based  on  changes  in  our  waterflood  development  plans  that  would  now  extend  beyond  the  five-year  development 
timeframe.

During 2018, we provided oil and natural gas reserve estimates for 2017 to the United States Energy Information Agency that 

were substantially the same as the reserve estimates included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Internal Controls Over Reserve Estimates

Reserve information in this report is based on estimates prepared by D&M, an independent petroleum engineering consulting 
firm  located  in  Dallas, Texas,  utilizing  data  provided  by  our  internal  reservoir  engineering  team  and  is  the  responsibility  of 
management.  We rely on D&M’s expertise to ensure that our reserve estimates are prepared in compliance with SEC rules and 
regulations and that appropriate geologic, petroleum engineering, and evaluation principles and techniques are applied in accordance 
with practices generally recognized by the petroleum industry as presented in the publication of the Society of Petroleum Engineers 
entitled “Standards Pertaining to the Estimating and Auditing of Oil and Gas Reserves Information (Revision as of February 19, 
2007)”.  The person responsible for the preparation of the reserve report is a Senior Vice President at D&M; he is a Registered 
Professional Engineer in the State of Texas.  He received a Master of Science degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University 
of Texas in 1984, and he has in excess of 34 years of experience in oil and gas reservoir studies and evaluations.  Our Senior Vice 
President – Business Development and Technology is primarily responsible for overseeing the independent petroleum engineering 
firm during the process.  Our Senior Vice President – Business Development and Technology has a Bachelor of Science degree 
in Petroleum Engineering from the Colorado School of Mines and over 34 years of industry experience working with petroleum 
engineering and reserve estimates.  D&M relies on various data provided by our internal reservoir engineering team in preparing 
its reserve estimates, including such items as oil and natural gas prices, ownership interests, production information, operating 
costs, planned capital expenditures and other technical data.  Our internal reservoir engineering team consists of qualified petroleum 
engineers who maintain the Company’s internal evaluation of reserves and compare the Company’s information to the reserves 

10

Denbury Resources Inc.

prepared by D&M.  Management is responsible for designing the internal control procedures used in the preparation of our oil 
and gas reserves, which include verification of data input into reserve forecasting and economics evaluation software, as well as 
multi-discipline management reviews.  The internal reservoir engineering team reports directly to our Senior Vice President – 
Business Development and Technology.  In addition, our Board of Directors’ Reserves and Health, Safety and Environmental 
(“HSE”) Committee, on behalf of the Board of Directors, oversees the qualifications, independence, performance and hiring of 
our independent petroleum engineering firm and reviews the final report and subsequent reporting of our oil and natural gas reserve 
estimates.  The Chairman of the Reserves and HSE Committee holds a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology and bachelor’s degrees in Chemistry and Mathematics from Capital University in Ohio.  He has more than 
35 years of industry experience, with responsibilities including reserves preparation and approval.

OIL AND NATURAL GAS OPERATIONS

Summary.  Our oil and natural gas properties are concentrated in the Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain regions of the United 
States.  Currently our properties with proved and producing reserves in the Gulf Coast region are situated in Mississippi, Texas, 
Louisiana and Alabama, and in the Rocky Mountain region are situated in Montana, North Dakota and Wyoming.  Our primary 
focus is increasing the value of our properties through a combination of exploitation, drilling and proven engineering extraction 
practices, with the most significant emphasis relating to CO2 EOR operations.  Our current portfolio of CO2 EOR projects provides 
us significant oil production and reserve growth potential in the future, assuming crude oil prices are at levels that support the 
development of those projects.  

We have been conducting and expanding EOR operations on our assets in the Gulf Coast region since 1999, and as a result, 
we currently have many more CO2 EOR projects in this region than in the Rocky Mountain region.  We began operations in the 
Rocky Mountain region in 2010 in connection with, and following, our merger with Encore Acquisition Company (“Encore”).  In 
the Gulf Coast region, we own what is, to our knowledge, the region’s only significant naturally occurring source of CO2, and 
these large volumes of naturally occurring CO2 give us a significant competitive advantage in this area.  In the Rocky Mountain 
region,  we  own  an  overriding  royalty  interest  equivalent  to  an  approximate  one-third  ownership  interest  in  Exxon  Mobil 
Corporation’s (“ExxonMobil’s”) CO2 reserves in LaBarge Field in southwestern Wyoming.  In addition to the sources of CO2 we 
currently own, we purchase and use CO2 captured from industrial sources which could otherwise be released into the atmosphere 
(sometimes referred to as anthropogenic, man-made or industrial-source CO2) in our tertiary operations.  These industrial sources 
of CO2 help us recover additional oil from mature oil fields and, we believe, also provide an economical way to reduce atmospheric 
CO2 emissions through the concurrent underground storage of CO2 which occurs as part of our oil-producing EOR operations.

11

Denbury Resources Inc.

Field Summary Table.  The following table provides a summary by field and region of selected proved oil and natural gas 
reserve information, including total proved reserve quantities as of December 31, 2018, and average daily production for 2018, 
all  based  on  Denbury’s  net  revenue  interest  (“NRI”).  The  reserve  estimates  presented  were  prepared  by  D&M,  independent 
petroleum engineers located in Dallas, Texas.  We serve as operator of nearly all of our significant properties, in which we also 
own most of the interests, although typically less than a 100% working interest, and a lesser NRI due to royalties and other burdens.  
For additional oil and natural gas reserves information, see Estimated Net Quantities of Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves and 
Present Value of Estimated Future Net Revenues above and Supplemental Oil and Natural Gas Disclosures (Unaudited) to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

Proved Reserves as of December 31, 2018(1)

2018 Average Daily
Production

Oil
(MBbls)

Natural 
Gas
(MMcf)

MBOEs

% of 
Company 
Total
MBOEs

Oil
(Bbls/d)

Natural 
Gas
(Mcf/d)

Average
2018 NRI

18,359

34,557

22,469

14,998

17,427

2,084

16,850

126,744

16,443

7,562

24,005

150,749

16,245

4,460

20,705

81,395

2,193

83,588

104,293

255,042

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—

—

—

—

18,359

34,557

22,469

14,998

17,427

2,084

16,850

7.0%

13.2%

8.6%

5.7%

6.6%

0.8%

6.4%

4,368

5,596

4,355

4,843

5,530

205

6,702

126,744

48.3%

31,599

16,443

7,562

24,005

6.3%

2.9%

9.2%

4,113

2,116

6,229

150,749

57.5%

37,828

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

11,977

5,379

17,356

21,515

4,137

25,652

43,008

43,008

18,241

5,357

23,598

84,980

2,883

87,863

111,461

262,210

7.0%

2.0%

9.0%

32.4%

1.1%

33.5%

42.5%

100.0%

4,066

963

5,029

14,513

847

15,360

20,389

58,217

2,877

2,528

5,405

1,940

3,509

5,449

10,854

10,854

—

—

—

—%

315

—

255,042

43,008

262,210

100.0%

58,532

10,854

58.0%

79.9%

81.3%

87.0%

81.9%

47.2%

78.1%

76.8%

84.5%

18.5%

38.2%

66.4%

81.6%

21.6%

52.8%

80.2%

63.7%

79.0%

69.7%

67.5%

32.0%

67.1%

Tertiary oil and gas properties

Gulf Coast region

Delhi

Hastings

Heidelberg

Oyster Bayou

Tinsley

West Yellow Creek
Mature properties(2)

Total Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Bell Creek

Salt Creek and other

Total Rocky Mountain region

Total tertiary properties

Non-tertiary oil and gas properties

Gulf Coast region

Texas

Mississippi and other

Total Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region
Cedar Creek Anticline(3)
Other

Total Rocky Mountain region

Total non-tertiary properties

Total continuing properties

Property sales

Lockhart Crossing(4)
Company Total

(1)  The above reserve estimates were prepared in accordance with FASC Topic 932, Extractive Industries – Oil and Gas, using 
the arithmetic averages of the first-day-of-the-month NYMEX commodity price for each month during 2018, which were 
$65.56 per Bbl for crude oil and $3.10 per MMBtu for natural gas. 

(2)  Mature properties include Brookhaven, Cranfield, Eucutta, Little Creek, Mallalieu, Martinville, McComb and Soso fields in 

Mississippi.

12

(3)  The Cedar Creek Anticline consists of a series of 14 different operating areas.

Denbury Resources Inc.

(4)  Includes production from Lockhart Crossing Field sold in the third quarter of 2018, the majority of which was previously 

included in ‘Mature properties’ in the Gulf Coast region.

Enhanced Oil Recovery Overview.  CO2 used in EOR is one of the most efficient tertiary recovery mechanisms for producing 
crude oil.  When injected under pressure into underground, oil-bearing rock formations, CO2 acts somewhat like a solvent as it 
travels through the reservoir rock, mixing with and modifying the characteristics of the oil so it can be produced and sold.  The 
terms “tertiary flood,” “CO2 flood” and “CO2 EOR” are used interchangeably throughout this document.

While enhanced oil recovery projects utilizing CO2 have been successfully performed by numerous oil and gas companies in 
a wide range of oil-bearing reservoirs in different oil-producing basins, we believe our investments, experience and acquired 
knowledge give us a strategic and competitive advantage in the areas in which we operate.  We apply what we have learned and 
developed over the years to improve and increase sweep efficiency within the CO2 EOR projects we operate.  

We began our CO2 operations in August 1999, when we acquired Little Creek Field, followed by our acquisition of Jackson 
Dome CO2 reserves and the NEJD pipeline in 2001.  Based upon our success at Little Creek and the ownership of the CO2 reserves, 
we began to transition our capital spending and acquisition efforts to focus more heavily on CO2 EOR and, over time, transformed 
our strategy to focus primarily on owning and operating oil fields that are well suited for CO2 EOR projects.  Prior to tertiary 
flooding, we strive to maximize the currently sizeable primary and secondary production from our prospective tertiary fields and 
from fields in which tertiary floods have commenced but still contain significant non-tertiary production.  Our asset base today 
almost entirely consists of, or otherwise relates to, oil fields that we are currently flooding with CO2 or plan to flood with CO2 in 
the future, or assets that produce CO2.

Our tertiary operations have grown so that (1) 58% of our proved reserves at December 31, 2018 are proved tertiary oil 
reserves; (2) 63% of our 2018 total production was related to tertiary oil operations (on a BOE basis); and (3) 62% of our 2018
capital expenditures (excluding acquisitions) were related to our tertiary oil operations.  At year-end 2018, the proved oil reserves 
in our tertiary recovery oil fields had an estimated PV-10 Value of approximately $2.7 billion, or 67% of our total PV-10 Value.  In 
addition, there are significant probable and possible reserves at several other fields for which tertiary operations are underway or 
planned.

Although the up-front cost of tertiary production infrastructure and time to construct pipelines and production facilities is 
greater than in primary oil recovery in most circumstances, we believe tertiary recovery has several favorable, offsetting and unique 
attributes, including (1) a lower exploration risk, as we are operating oil fields that have significant historical production and 
reservoir and geological data, (2) lower production decline rates than unconventional development, (3) reasonable return metrics 
at our anticipated long-term prices, (4) limited competition for this recovery method in our geographic regions and a strategic 
advantage due to our ownership of the CO2 reserves and CO2 pipeline infrastructure, (5) our EOR operations are generally less 
disruptive to new habitats in comparison to other oil and natural gas development because we further develop existing (as opposed 
to new) oil fields, and (6) through our oil-producing EOR operations, we concurrently store CO2 captured from industrial sources
in the same underground formations that previously trapped and stored oil and natural gas.

Tertiary Oil Properties

Gulf Coast Region

CO2 Sources and Pipelines

Jackson Dome.  Our primary Gulf Coast CO2 source, Jackson Dome, located near Jackson, Mississippi, was discovered 
during the 1970s by oil and gas companies that were exploring for hydrocarbons.  This large and relatively pure source of naturally 
occurring CO2 (98% CO2) is, to our knowledge, the only significant underground deposit of CO2 in the United States east of the 
Mississippi River.  Together with the related CO2 pipeline infrastructure, Jackson Dome provides us a significant strategic advantage 
in the acquisition of properties in Mississippi, Louisiana and southeastern Texas that are well suited for CO2 EOR.

We acquired Jackson Dome in February 2001 in a purchase that also gave us ownership and control of the NEJD CO2 pipeline 
and provided us with a reliable supply of CO2 at a reasonable and predictable cost for our Gulf Coast CO2 tertiary recovery 
operations.  Since  February  2001,  we  have  acquired  and  drilled  numerous  CO2-producing  wells,  significantly  increasing  our 

13

Denbury Resources Inc.

estimated proved Gulf Coast CO2 reserves from approximately 800 Bcf at the time of acquisition of Jackson Dome to approximately 
5.0 Tcf as of December 31, 2018.  The proved CO2 reserve estimates are based on a gross (8/8ths) basis, of which our net revenue 
interest is approximately 4.0 Tcf, and is included in the evaluation of proved CO2 reserves prepared by D&M, an independent 
petroleum engineering consulting firm.  In discussing our available CO2 reserves, we make reference to the gross amount of proved 
and probable reserves, as this is the amount that is available both for our own tertiary recovery programs and for industrial users 
who are customers of Denbury and others, as we are responsible for distributing the entire CO2 production stream.

In addition to our proved reserves, we estimate that we have 910.1 Bcf of probable CO2 reserves at Jackson Dome.  While 
the majority of these probable reserves are located in structures that have been drilled and tested, such reserves are still considered 
probable reserves because (1) the original well is plugged; (2) they are located in fault blocks that are immediately adjacent to 
fault blocks with proved reserves; or (3) they are reserves associated with increasing the ultimate recovery factor from our existing 
reservoirs with proved reserves.  In addition, a significant portion of these probable reserves at Jackson Dome are located in 
undrilled structures where we have sufficient subsurface and seismic data indicating geophysical attributes that, coupled with our 
historically high drilling success rate, provide a reasonably high degree of certainty that CO2 is present.

In addition to our drilling at Jackson Dome, we have the capability to expand our processing and dehydration capacities, and 
install additional pipelines and/or pumping stations necessary to transport the CO2 through our controlled pipeline network.  We 
expect our current proved reserves of CO2, coupled with a risked drilling program at Jackson Dome and CO2 expected to be 
captured from industrial sources, to provide sufficient quantities of CO2 for us to develop our proved and probable EOR reserves 
in the Gulf Coast region.  In the future, we believe that once a CO2 flood in a field reaches its productive economic limit, we could 
recycle a portion of the CO2 that remains in that field’s reservoir and utilize it for oil production in another field’s tertiary flood.

In  the  Gulf  Coast  region,  approximately  83%  of  our  average  daily  CO2  produced  from  Jackson  Dome  or  captured  from 
industrial sources in 2018 was used in our tertiary recovery operations, compared to 87% in 2017 and 85% in 2016, with the 
balance delivered to third-party industrial users.  During 2018, we used an average of 466 MMcf/d of CO2 (including CO2 captured 
from industrial sources) for our tertiary activities.

Gulf Coast CO2 Captured from Industrial Sources.  In addition to our natural source of CO2, we are currently party to two 
long-term contracts to purchase CO2 from industrial plants.  We have purchased CO2 from an industrial facility in Port Arthur, 
Texas since 2012 and from an industrial facility in Geismar, Louisiana since 2013, which supplied an average of approximately 
53 MMcf/d of CO2 to our EOR operations during 2018.  Additionally, we are in ongoing discussions with other parties regarding 
plans to construct plants near the Green Pipeline.  In order to capture such volumes, we (or the plant owner) would need to install 
additional equipment, which includes, at a minimum, compression and dehydration facilities.

Gulf Coast CO2 Pipelines.  We acquired the 183-mile NEJD CO2 pipeline that runs from Jackson Dome to near Donaldsonville, 
Louisiana, as part of the 2001 acquisition of our Jackson Dome CO2 source.  Since 2001, we have acquired or constructed nearly 
750 miles of CO2 pipelines, and as of December 31, 2018, we have access to nearly 950 miles of CO2 pipelines, which gives us 
the ability to deliver CO2 throughout the Gulf Coast region.  In addition to the NEJD CO2 pipeline, the major pipelines in the Gulf 
Coast region are the Free State Pipeline (90 miles), Delta Pipeline (110 miles), Green Pipeline Texas (120 miles), and Green 
Pipeline Louisiana (200 miles).

Completion of the Green Pipeline allowed for the first CO2 injection into Hastings Field, located near Houston, Texas, in 
2010, and gives us the ability to deliver CO2 to oil fields all along the Gulf Coast from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Alvin, Texas.  At 
the present time, most of the CO2 flowing in the Green Pipeline is delivered from the Jackson Dome area, but also includes the 
CO2 we are receiving from the industrial facilities in Port Arthur, Texas and Geismar, Louisiana, and we are currently transporting 
a third party’s CO2 for a fee to the sales point at Hastings Field.  We currently have ample capacity within the Green Pipeline to 
handle additional volumes that may be required to develop our inventory of CO2 EOR projects in this area.

Tertiary Properties with Tertiary Production and Proved Tertiary Reserves at December 31, 2018

Delhi Field.  Delhi Field is located east of Monroe, Louisiana.  In May 2006, we purchased our initial interest in Delhi for 
$50 million.  We began well and facility development in 2008, began delivering CO2 to the field in 2009 via the Delta Pipeline, 
which runs from Tinsley Field to Delhi Field, and first tertiary production occurred at Delhi Field in 2010.  Production from Delhi 
Field in the fourth quarter of 2018 averaged 4,526 Bbls/d, compared to 4,906 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.  During 2016, 
we completed construction of a natural gas liquids extraction plant, which provides us with the ability to sell natural gas liquids 
from the produced stream, improve the efficiency of the CO2 flood, and utilize extracted methane to power the plant and reduce 

14

Denbury Resources Inc.

field operating expenses.  Our 2019 development plans for Delhi Field are primarily related to facility improvement and conformance 
work.

Hastings Field.  Hastings Field is located south of Houston, Texas.  We acquired a majority interest in this field in February 
2009 for $247 million.  We initiated CO2 injection in the West Hastings Unit during 2010 upon completion of the construction of 
the Green Pipeline.  Due to the large vertical oil column that exists in the field, we are developing the Frio reservoir using dedicated 
CO2 injection and producing wells for each of the major sand intervals.  We began producing oil from our EOR operations at 
Hastings Field in 2012, and we booked initial proved tertiary reserves for the West Hastings Unit in 2012.  The Company also has 
future plans for continued tertiary development of existing proved undeveloped reserves at the field.  During the fourth quarter of 
2018, tertiary production from Hastings Field averaged 5,480 Bbls/d, compared to 5,747 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.

Heidelberg Field.  Heidelberg Field is located in Mississippi off of the Free State Pipeline and consists of an East Unit and 
a West Unit.  Construction of the CO2 facility, connecting pipeline and well work commenced on the West Heidelberg Unit during 
2008, with our first CO2 injections into the Eutaw zone in 2008.  Our first tertiary oil production occurred in 2009, and we began 
flooding the Christmas and Tuscaloosa zones in 2013 and 2014, respectively.  During the fourth quarter of 2018, tertiary production 
at Heidelberg Field averaged 4,269 Bbls/d, compared to 4,751 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.  Our 2019 development plans 
for Heidelberg Field include continued development of the Christmas zone and conformance work, with future plans for continued 
tertiary development of existing proved undeveloped reserves at the field. 

Oyster Bayou Field.  We acquired a majority interest in Oyster Bayou Field in 2007.  The field is located in southeast Texas, 
east of Galveston Bay, and is somewhat unique when compared to our other CO2 EOR projects because the field covers a relatively 
small area of 3,912 acres.  We began CO2 injections into Oyster Bayou Field in 2010, commenced tertiary production in 2011 from 
the Frio A-1 zone, and booked initial proved tertiary reserves for the field in 2012.  In 2014, we completed development of the 
Frio A-2 zone.  During the fourth quarter of 2018, tertiary production at Oyster Bayou Field averaged 4,785 Bbls/d, compared to 
4,868 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.

Tinsley Field.  We acquired Tinsley Field in 2006.  This Mississippi field was discovered and first developed in the 1930s 
and is separated by different fault blocks.  As is the case with the majority of fields in Mississippi, Tinsley Field produces from 
multiple reservoirs.  Our CO2 enhanced oil recovery operations at Tinsley Field have thus far targeted the Woodruff formation, 
although there is additional potential in the Perry sandstone and other smaller reservoirs.  We commenced tertiary oil production 
from Tinsley Field in 2008 and substantially completed development of the Woodruff formation during 2014.  During the fourth 
quarter of 2018, tertiary oil production from the field averaged 5,033 Bbls/d, compared to 6,241 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 
2017.  Although production from Tinsley Field is believed to have peaked in 2015 and is generally on decline, we continue to 
evaluate future potential investment opportunities in this field.

In addition to our tertiary operations at Tinsley Field, we recently conducted exploitation drilling in other oil-bearing formations 
in the field.  We completed a total of two wells in the Perry Sand interval during 2018 and the first quarter of 2019.  Overall, the 
two Perry wells were successful; however, we plan to evaluate the economics and performance of these wells before drilling any 
additional wells.  In December 2018, we spudded our first well in the Cotton Valley interval and currently expect to complete this 
well during the first quarter of 2019.  We continue to evaluate exploitation opportunities in additional horizons underlying the 
existing CO2 EOR flood.

West Yellow Creek Field.  We acquired an approximate 48% non-operated working interest in West Yellow Creek Field in 
Mississippi in March 2017 for approximately $16 million, a field in which the operator had previously invested significant capital 
converting the field to a CO2 EOR flood.  Under our arrangement with the operator, we supply CO2 to the field for a fee.  West 
Yellow Creek Field is in close proximity to and analogous to Eucutta Field, a very successful CO2 flood that we developed and 
continue to operate.  We booked initial proved tertiary oil reserves at West Yellow Creek Field as of year-end 2017 and commenced 
tertiary production in early 2018.  During the fourth quarter of 2018, tertiary oil production from the field averaged 375 Bbls/d.  
Development of the field is ongoing, with 2019 development plans including continued tertiary development of the initial formation 
within the field.

Mature properties.  Mature properties include our longest-producing properties which are generally located along our NEJD 
CO2 pipeline in southwest Mississippi and Louisiana and our Free State Pipeline in east Mississippi.  This group of properties 
includes our initial CO2 field, Little Creek, as well as several other fields (Brookhaven, Cranfield, Eucutta, Mallalieu, Martinville, 
McComb and Soso fields).  These fields accounted for 18% of our total 2018 CO2 EOR production and approximately 6% of our 

15

Denbury Resources Inc.

year-end proved reserves.  These fields have been producing under CO2 flood for many years, in many cases more than a decade, 
and their production is generally declining.

Future Tertiary Properties with No Tertiary Production or Proved Tertiary Reserves at December 31, 2018

Webster  Field.    We  acquired  our  interest  in  Webster  Field  in  2012.    The  field  is  located  southeast  of  Houston,  Texas, 
approximately eight miles northeast of our Hastings Field which we are currently flooding with CO2.  At December 31, 2018, 
Webster Field had estimated proved non-tertiary reserves of approximately 2.5 MMBOE, net to our interest.  During the fourth 
quarter of 2018, non-tertiary production at Webster Field averaged 841 BOE/d, compared to 834 BOE/d in the fourth quarter of 
2017.  Webster Field is geologically similar to our Hastings Field, producing oil from the Frio zone at similar depths; as a result, 
we believe it is well suited for CO2 EOR.  In 2014, we completed a nine-mile lateral between the Green Pipeline and Webster 
Field, which we plan will eventually deliver CO2 to the field.  The timing of the development of a CO2 flood at Webster Field is 
primarily dependent upon capital availability and priorities and future oil prices.

Conroe Field.  Conroe Field, our largest potential tertiary flood in the Gulf Coast region, is located north of Houston, Texas.  We 
acquired a majority interest in this field in 2009 for $271 million in cash and 11.6 million shares of Denbury common stock, for 
a total aggregate value of $439 million.  Conroe Field had estimated proved non-tertiary reserves of approximately 9.9 MMBOE 
at December 31, 2018, net to our interest, all of which are proved developed.  During the fourth quarter of 2018, production at 
Conroe Field averaged 1,970 BOE/d, compared to 2,140 BOE/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.

To initiate a CO2 flood at Conroe Field, a pipeline must be constructed so that CO2 can be delivered to the field.  This pipeline, 
which is planned as an extension of our Green Pipeline, is preliminarily estimated to cover approximately 90 miles at a cost of 
approximately $220 million.  Our current plan for initiating a CO2 flood at Conroe Field is scheduled several years from now, the 
timing of which may change depending on capital availability and priorities, future oil prices and pipeline construction.

In addition to the currently-producing oil-bearing formations at Conroe Field, we are evaluating exploitation opportunities in 

other formations, and currently plan to drill a test well within the 2A Sand interval during 2019.

Thompson Field.  We acquired our interest in Thompson Field in June 2012 for $366 million.  The field is located in Texas, 
approximately 18 miles west of our Hastings Field.  Thompson Field had estimated proved non-tertiary reserves of approximately 
3.9 MMBOE at December 31, 2018, net to our interest, all of which are proved developed.  During the fourth quarter of 2018, 
non-tertiary production at Thompson Field averaged 942 BOE/d net to our interest, compared to 987 BOE/d in the fourth quarter 
of 2017.  Thompson Field is geologically similar to Hastings Field, producing oil from the Frio zone at similar depths, and we 
therefore believe it has CO2 EOR potential.  Under the terms of the Thompson Field acquisition agreement, after the initiation of 
CO2 injection, the seller will retain approximately a 5% gross revenue interest (less severance taxes) once average monthly oil 
production exceeds 3,000 Bbls/d.  The timing of the development of a CO2 flood at Thompson Field is primarily dependent upon 
capital availability and priorities and future oil prices.

Rocky Mountain Region

CO2 Sources and Pipelines

LaBarge Field.  We acquired an overriding royalty interest equivalent to an approximate one-third ownership interest in 
ExxonMobil’s  CO2  reserves  in  LaBarge  Field  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  as  part  of  a  sale  and  exchange  transaction  with 
ExxonMobil.  LaBarge Field is located in southwestern Wyoming, and as of December 31, 2018, our interest in LaBarge Field 
consisted of approximately 1.2 Tcf of proved CO2 reserves.

During 2018, we received an average of approximately 88 MMcf/d of CO2 from the Shute Creek gas processing plant at 
LaBarge Field that we used in our Rocky Mountain region CO2 floods.  Based on current capacity, and subject to availability of 
CO2, we currently expect our CO2 volumes from Shute Creek to increase in future years.  We pay ExxonMobil a fee to process 
and deliver the CO2, which we use in our Rocky Mountain region CO2 floods.

Other Rocky Mountain CO2 Sources.  We currently have a contract to receive CO2 from the ConocoPhillips-operated Lost 
Cabin gas plant in central Wyoming that provides us as much as 50 MMcf/d of CO2 for use in our Rocky Mountain region CO2
floods.  We currently estimate that our existing CO2 sources, plus additional CO2 from those or other CO2 sources in the region, 
are sufficient to carry out our base Rocky Mountain region EOR development plans.

16

Denbury Resources Inc.

Rocky Mountain CO2 Pipelines.  The 20-inch Greencore Pipeline in Wyoming is the first CO2 pipeline we constructed in 
the Rocky Mountain region.  We plan to use the pipeline as our trunk line in the Rocky Mountain region, eventually connecting 
our various Rocky Mountain region CO2 sources to the Cedar Creek Anticline in eastern Montana and western North Dakota.  The 
232-mile pipeline begins at the ConocoPhillips-operated Lost Cabin gas plant in Wyoming and terminates at Bell Creek Field in 
Montana.  We completed construction of the pipeline in 2012 and received our first CO2 deliveries from the ConocoPhillips-
operated Lost Cabin gas plant during 2013.  During 2014, we completed construction of an interconnect between our Greencore 
Pipeline and an existing third-party CO2 pipeline in Wyoming, which enables us to transport CO2 from LaBarge Field to our Bell 
Creek Field.

In mid-2018, we sanctioned the CO2 enhanced oil recovery development project at Cedar Creek Anticline, which requires a 
110-mile extension of the Greencore CO2 pipeline to CCA from Bell Creek Field.  The capital outlay for the pipeline is projected 
to be approximately $150 million, of which approximately $20 million was incurred in 2018 with an additional $30 million currently 
expected to be incurred in 2019, with the remainder expected in 2020 and early 2021.

Tertiary Properties with Tertiary Production and Proved Tertiary Reserves at December 31, 2018

Bell Creek Field.  We acquired our interest in Bell Creek Field in southeast Montana as part of the Encore merger in 2010.  The 
oil-producing reservoir in Bell Creek Field is a sandstone reservoir with characteristics similar to those we have successfully 
flooded with CO2 in the Gulf Coast region.  During 2013, we began first CO2 injections into Bell Creek Field, recorded our first 
tertiary oil production, and booked initial proved tertiary reserves.  Tertiary production, net to our interest, during the fourth quarter
of 2018 averaged 4,421 Bbls/d of oil, compared to 3,571 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.  During 2018, we completed the 
phase five expansion at the field, and our 2019 development plans are primarily related to phase six expansion of the flood.

Salt Creek Field.  We acquired our 23% non-operated working interest in Salt Creek Field in Wyoming for approximately 
$72 million in June 2017.  Tertiary production, net to our interest, during the fourth quarter of 2018 averaged 2,107 Bbls/d of oil, 
compared to 2,172 Bbls/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.

Future Tertiary Properties with No Tertiary Production or Proved Tertiary Reserves at December 31, 2018

Cedar Creek Anticline.  CCA is the largest potential EOR property that we own and currently our largest producing property, 
contributing approximately 25% of our 2018 total production.  Historical production from the property has primarily been from 
the Red River interval.  The field is primarily located in Montana but extends over such a large area (approximately 126 miles) 
that it also extends into North Dakota.  CCA is a series of 14 different operating areas on a common geological trend, each of 
which could be considered a field by itself.  We acquired our initial interest in CCA as part of the Encore merger in 2010 and 
acquired additional interests (the “CCA Acquisition”) from a wholly-owned subsidiary of ConocoPhillips in 2013 for $1.0 billion, 
adding 42.2 MMBOE of incremental proved reserves at that date.  Production from CCA, net to our interest, averaged 14,961 
BOE/d during the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to production during the fourth quarter of 2017 of 14,302 BOE/d.  The non-
tertiary proved reserves associated with CCA were 85.0 MMBOE, net to our interest, as of December 31, 2018.

In addition to the Red River interval, CCA contains other oil-bearing intervals including Mission Canyon and Charles B.  We 
began  pursuing  these  additional  exploitation  opportunities  in  late  2017.    We  have  drilled  seven  successful  Mission  Canyon 
exploitation wells and a successful initial test well in Cabin Creek’s Charles B formation.  We continue to evaluate the Charles B 
formation and believe it has characteristics that would make it a good candidate for secondary or tertiary flooding.  Our 2019 
development plans for CCA include up to four additional Mission Canyon wells and a potential Charles B follow-up well.

CCA is located approximately 110 miles north of Bell Creek Field, and our current plan is to connect this field to our Greencore 
Pipeline by the end of 2020.  In June 2018, we announced the sanctioning of the CO2 enhanced oil recovery development project 
at Cedar Creek Anticline.  The capital outlay for the initial phase of the project is currently estimated at $300 million through 2022, 
which includes $150 million for a 110-mile extension of the Greencore CO2 pipeline from Bell Creek Field discussed above and 
$150 million for development in the Red River formation at East Lookout Butte and Cedar Hills South fields in CCA.  First tertiary 
production from CCA is currently expected in the second half of 2022 or early 2023.  Additional phases of development are 
expected to target the Interlake, Stony Mountain and Red River formations at Cabin Creek Field beginning in 2024.

Grieve Field.  Under a 2011 farm-in agreement, we obtained a 65% working interest in Grieve Field, located in Natrona 
County, Wyoming, in exchange for developing the Grieve Field CO2 flood.  During 2016, the Company and its joint venture partner 
in Grieve Field revised their development arrangement for the field so that our partner funded $55 million of the remaining estimated 

17

Denbury Resources Inc.

capital to complete development of the facility and fieldwork in exchange for a 14% higher working interest and a disproportionate 
sharing of revenue from the first 2 million barrels of production.  Thus, our working interest in the field was reduced from 65% 
to 51%, and our net revenue interest on the first million barrels of production is approximately 20%.  This arrangement accelerated 
the remaining development of the facility and fieldwork, and we currently anticipate first tertiary production in early 2019.

Hartzog Draw Field.  We acquired our interest in Hartzog Draw Field in 2012 in conjunction with the Bakken exchange 
transaction with ExxonMobil.  The field is located in the Powder River Basin of northeastern Wyoming, approximately 12 miles 
from our Greencore Pipeline.  Hartzog Draw Field had estimated proved reserves of approximately 2.9 MMBOE at December 31, 
2018, net to our interest, 0.7 MMBOE of which relate to the natural gas producing Big George coal zone.  During the fourth quarter
of 2018, non-tertiary production averaged 1,327 BOE/d, compared to 1,518 BOE/d in the fourth quarter of 2017.  Industry activity 
around this field has been increasing for the last several years, with several operators testing various formations such as the Turner, 
Niobrara, Shannon, Parkman and Mowry for potential development.  We believe the oil reservoir characteristics of Hartzog Draw 
Field make it well suited for CO2 EOR in the future.  We currently plan to initiate a CO2 flood at Hartzog Draw Field several years 
from now, the timing of which is dependent on capital availability and priorities and future oil prices.

Other Non-Tertiary Oil Properties

Despite the majority of our oil and natural gas properties discussed above consisting of either existing or planned future tertiary 
floods, we also produce oil and natural gas either from fields in both our Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain regions that are not 
amenable to EOR or from specific reservoirs (within an existing tertiary field) that are not amenable to EOR.  For example, at 
Heidelberg Field, we produce natural gas from the Selma Chalk reservoir, which is separate from the Christmas and Eutaw reservoirs 
currently being flooded with CO2.  Continuing production from these other non-tertiary properties totaled 2,062 BOE/d during 
the fourth quarter of 2018, compared to 1,864 BOE/d during the fourth quarter of 2017.

OIL AND GAS ACREAGE, PRODUCTIVE WELLS AND DRILLING ACTIVITY

In the data below, “gross” represents the total acres or wells in which we own a working interest and “net” represents the gross 
acres or wells multiplied by our working interest percentage.  For the wells that produce both oil and gas, the well is typically 
classified as an oil or natural gas well based on the ratio of oil to natural gas production.

Oil and Gas Acreage

The following table sets forth our acreage position at December 31, 2018:

Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Total

Developed

Undeveloped

Total

Gross

226,858

361,472

588,330

Net

180,005

314,479

494,484

Gross

286,802

157,176

443,978

Net

18,213

46,399

64,612

Gross

513,660

518,648

1,032,308

Net

198,218

360,878

559,096

The percentage of our net undeveloped acreage that is subject to expiration over the next three years, if not renewed, is 

approximately 37% in 2019, 3% in 2020 and 4% in 2021.

18

  
 
 
Productive Wells

Denbury Resources Inc.

The following table sets forth our gross and net productive oil and natural gas wells as of December 31, 2018:

Producing Oil Wells

Producing Natural Gas Wells

Total

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

Operated wells

Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Total

Non-operated wells

Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Total
Total wells

Gulf Coast region
Rocky Mountain region

Total

Drilling Activity

1,240

979

2,219

52

637

689

1,292
1,616

2,908

1,154

933

2,087

18

135

153

1,172
1,068

2,240

144

278

422

7

6

13

151
284

435

135

180

315

—

2

2

135
182

317

1,384

1,257

2,641

59

643

702

1,443
1,900

3,343

1,289

1,113

2,402

18

137

155

1,307
1,250

2,557

The following table sets forth the results of our drilling activities over the last three years.  As of December 31, 2018, we had 

six wells in progress.

Exploratory wells(1)
Productive(2)
Non-productive(3)
Development wells(1)

Productive(2)
Non-productive(3)(4)

Total

2018

2017

2016

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

Gross

Net

Year Ended December 31,

2

—

14

3

19

2

—

12

3

17

—

—

2

—

2

—

—

2

—

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1)  An exploratory well is a well drilled to find a new field or to find a new reservoir in a field previously found to be productive 
of oil or natural gas in another reservoir.  Generally, an exploratory well is any well that is not a development well, an extension 
well, a service well or a stratigraphic test well.  A development well is a well drilled within the proved area of an oil or gas 
reservoir to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be productive.

(2)  A productive well is an exploratory or development well found to be capable of producing either oil or natural gas in sufficient 

quantities to justify completion as an oil or natural gas well.

(3)  A non-productive well is an exploratory or development well that is not a productive well.

(4)  During 2018, 2017 and 2016, an additional 4, 3 and 1 wells, respectively, were drilled for water or CO2 injection purposes.

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes sales volumes, sales prices and production cost information for our net oil and natural gas 

production for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:

Denbury Resources Inc.

Net sales volume

Gulf Coast region

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Total Gulf Coast region (MBOE)

Rocky Mountain region

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

Total Rocky Mountain region (MBOE)

Total Company (MBOE)

Average sales prices – excluding impact of derivative settlements

Gulf Coast region

Oil (per Bbl)

Natural gas (per Mcf)

Rocky Mountain region

Oil (per Bbl)

Natural gas (per Mcf)

Total Company

Oil (per Bbl)

Natural gas (per Mcf)

Average production cost (per BOE sold)(1)

Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Total Company

(1)  Excludes oil and natural gas ad valorem and production taxes.

PRODUCTION AND UNIT PRICES

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

13,484

1,973

13,813

7,880

1,988

8,211

22,024

14,114

1,995

14,447

7,205

2,141

7,562

22,009

$

$

$

$

67.75

$

51.19

$

3.16

2.98

63.30

$

49.58

$

2.01

1.88

66.11

$

50.64

$

2.58

2.41

22.22

$

20.48

$

22.27

22.24

20.09

20.35

14,772

3,274

15,318

7,715

2,354

8,107

23,425

41.99

2.04

39.44

1.90

41.12

1.98

18.42

16.38

17.71

Further information regarding average production rates, unit sales prices and unit costs per BOE are set forth under Item 7, 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Operating 
Results Table, included herein.

TITLE TO PROPERTIES

As is customary in the oil and natural gas industry, Denbury conducts a limited title examination at the time of its acquisition 
of properties or leasehold interests targeted for enhanced recovery, and curative work is performed with respect to significant defects 
on higher-value properties of the greatest significance.  We believe that title to our oil and natural gas properties is good and 
defensible, subject only to such exceptions that we believe do not materially interfere with the use of such properties, including 
encumbrances, easements, restrictions and royalty, overriding royalty and other similar interests.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNIFICANT OIL AND GAS PURCHASERS AND PRODUCT MARKETING

Denbury Resources Inc.

Oil and natural gas sales are made on a day-to-day basis or under short-term contracts at the current area market price.  We 
would not expect the loss of any single purchaser to have a material adverse effect upon our operations; however, the loss of a 
large single purchaser could potentially reduce the competition for our oil and natural gas production, which in turn could negatively 
impact the prices we receive.  For the year ended December 31, 2018, two purchasers accounted for 10% or more of our oil and 
natural gas revenues: Plains Marketing LP (24%) and Hunt Crude Oil Supply Company (10%).  For the years ended December 
31, 2017 and 2016, two purchasers accounted for 10% or more of our oil and natural gas revenues: Plains Marketing LP (22% and 
20% in 2017 and 2016, respectively) and Marathon Petroleum Company (10% and 14% in 2017 and 2016, respectively).

Our  ability  to  market  oil  and  natural  gas  depends  on  many  factors  beyond  our  control,  including  the  extent  of  domestic 
production and imports of oil and natural gas, the proximity of our oil and natural gas production to pipelines and corresponding 
markets, the available capacity in such pipelines, the demand for oil and natural gas, the effects of weather, and the effects of state 
and federal regulation.  As of December 31, 2018, we have not experienced significant difficulty in finding a market for all of our 
production as it becomes available or in transporting our production to those markets; however, there is no assurance that we will 
always be able to market all of our production or obtain favorable prices.

Oil Marketing

Prices received in a regional market fluctuate frequently and can differ from NYMEX pricing due to a variety of reasons, 
including supply and/or demand factors, crude oil quality and location differentials.  The oil differentials we received in the Gulf 
Coast and Rocky Mountain regions are discussed in further detail below.

Crude oil prices in the Gulf Coast region are impacted significantly by the changes in prices received for our crude oil sold 
under Light Louisiana Sweet (“LLS”) index prices relative to the change in NYMEX prices.  Overall, during 2018 and 2017, we 
sold approximately 60% and 65%, respectively, of our crude oil at prices based on, or partially tied to, the LLS index price, and 
the balance at prices based on various other indexes tied to NYMEX prices, primarily in the Rocky Mountain region.  The average 
LLS-to-NYMEX trade-month differential was a positive $4.91 per Bbl during 2018, compared to a positive $2.85 per Bbl during 
2017 and a positive $1.70 per Bbl in 2016.  Our average NYMEX oil differential in the Gulf Coast region was a positive $2.94
per Bbl and a positive $0.22 per Bbl during 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.42 per Bbl below NYMEX in 2016.  Our current 
markets at various sales points along the Gulf Coast have sufficient demand to accommodate our production, but there can be no 
assurance of future demand.  We are, therefore, monitoring the marketplace for opportunities to strategically enter into long-term 
marketing arrangements.

The marketing of our Rocky Mountain region oil production is dependent on transportation through local pipelines to market 
centers in Guernsey, Wyoming; Clearbrook, Minnesota; Wood River, Illinois; and most recently Cushing, Oklahoma.  Shipments 
on some of the pipelines are at or near capacity and may be subject to apportionment.  We currently have access to, or have 
contracted for, sufficient pipeline capacity to move our oil production; however, there can be no assurance that we will be allocated 
sufficient  pipeline  capacity  to  move  all  of  our  oil  production  in  the  future.  Because  local  demand  for  production  is  small  in 
comparison to current production levels, much of the production in the Rocky Mountain region is transported to markets outside 
of the region.  Therefore, prices in the Rocky Mountain region are further influenced by fluctuations in prices (primarily Brent 
and  LLS)  in  coastal  markets  and  by  available  pipeline  capacity  in  the  Midwest  and  Cushing  markets.   For  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2018, the discount for our oil production in the Rocky Mountain region averaged $1.50 per Bbl, compared to $1.39 
per Bbl during 2017 and $3.97 per Bbl during 2016.

COMPETITION AND MARKETS

We face competition from other oil and natural gas companies in all aspects of our business, including acquisition of producing 
properties, oil and gas leases, drilling rights, and CO2 properties; marketing of oil and natural gas; and obtaining and maintaining 
goods, services and labor.  Many of our competitors have substantially larger financial and other resources.  Factors that affect our 
ability to acquire producing properties include  available liquidity,  available  information about  prospective  properties and our 
expectations for earning a minimum projected return on our investments.  Because of the primary nature of our core assets (our 
tertiary operations) and our ownership of relatively uncommon significant natural sources of CO2 in the Gulf Coast and Rocky 
Mountain regions, we believe that we are effective in competing in the market and have less competition than our peers in certain 
aspects of our business.

21

Denbury Resources Inc.

The  demand  for  qualified  and  experienced  field  personnel  to  drill  wells  and  conduct  field  operations  and  for  geologists, 
geophysicists, engineers and other professionals in the oil and gas industry can fluctuate significantly, often in correlation with 
commodity prices, causing periodic shortages in such personnel.  Prior to the downturn in oil prices, the competition for qualified 
technical personnel had been extensive, and our personnel costs escalated.  There were also periods with shortages of drilling rigs 
and other equipment, as demand for rigs and equipment has increased along with the number of wells being drilled.  These factors 
also cause significant increases in costs for equipment, services and personnel.  We cannot be certain when we will experience 
these issues, and these types of shortages or price increases could significantly decrease our profit margin, cash flow and operating 
results, and cause significant delays in our development operations.

FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS

Numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations govern the oil and gas industry.  Additions or changes to these laws 
and regulations are often made in response to the current political or economic environment.  Compliance with the evolving 
regulatory landscape is often difficult, and substantial penalties may be incurred for noncompliance.  Additionally, the future annual 
cost of complying with all laws and regulations applicable to our operations is uncertain and will be ultimately determined by 
several factors, including future changes to legal and regulatory requirements.  Management believes that continued compliance 
with existing laws and regulations applicable to our operations and future compliance therewith will not have a materially adverse 
effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows, although such laws and regulations, and compliance 
therewith, could cause significant delays or otherwise impede operations, which may, among other things, cause our expected 
production rates and cash flows to be less than anticipated.

The following sections describe some specific laws and regulations that may affect us.  We cannot predict the cost or impact 

of these or other future legislative or regulatory initiatives.

Regulation of Oil and Gas Exploration and Production

Our operations are subject to various types of regulation at the federal, state and local levels.  Such regulation includes requiring 
permits for drilling wells; maintaining bonding requirements in order to drill or operate wells and regulating the location of wells; 
the method of drilling and casing wells; the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled; the plugging 
and abandoning of wells; and the composition or disposal of chemicals and fluids used in connection with operations.  Our operations 
are also subject to various conservation laws and regulations.  These include regulation of the size of drilling, spacing or proration 
units and the density of wells that may be drilled in those units, and the unitization or pooling of oil and gas properties.  In addition, 
federal and state conservation laws, which establish maximum rates of production from oil and gas wells, generally prohibit or 
restrict the venting or flaring of natural gas and impose certain requirements regarding the ratability of production.  The effect of 
these laws and regulations may limit the amount of oil and natural gas we can produce from our wells and may limit the number 
of wells or the locations at which we can drill.  Regulatory requirements and compliance relative to the oil and gas industry increase 
our costs of doing business and, consequently, affect our profitability.

Federal Regulation of Sales Prices and Transportation

The transportation of, and certain sales with respect to, natural gas in interstate commerce are heavily regulated by agencies 
of the U.S. federal government and are affected by, among other things, the availability, terms and cost of transportation.  Notably, 
the price and terms of access to pipeline transportation are subject to extensive U.S. federal and state regulation.  The Federal 
Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) is continually proposing and implementing new and/or modified rules and regulations 
affecting the natural gas industry, some of which may adversely affect the availability and reliability of interruptible transportation 
service on interstate pipelines.  While our sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids are not currently subject to FERC 
regulation, our ability to transport and sell such products is dependent on certain pipelines whose rates, terms and conditions of 
service  are  subject  to  FERC  regulation.  Additional  proposals  and  proceedings  that  might  affect  the  natural  gas  industry  are 
considered from time to time by Congress, FERC, state regulatory bodies and the courts, and we cannot predict when or if any 
such proposals or proceedings might become effective and their effect or impact, if any, on our operations.

Federal Energy and Climate Change Legislation and Regulation

The Pipeline Safety, Regulatory Certainty and Job Creation Act of 2011, among other things, updated federal pipeline safety 
standards, increased penalties for violations of such standards, gave the Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration (the “PHMSA”) authority for new damage prevention and incident notification, and directed the 

22

Denbury Resources Inc.

PHMSA to prescribe new minimum safety standards for CO2 pipelines, which safety standards could affect our operations and the 
costs thereof.  While the PHMSA has adopted or proposed to adopt a number of new regulations to implement this act, no new 
minimum safety standards have been proposed or adopted for CO2 pipelines.

Both federal and state authorities have in recent years proposed new regulations to limit the emission of greenhouse gasses 
as part of climate change initiatives.  For example, both the EPA and BLM have issued regulations for the control of methane 
emissions.  The EPA has promulgated regulations requiring permitting for certain sources of greenhouse gas emissions, and in 
May 2016, promulgated final regulations to reduce methane and volatile organic compound emissions from the oil and gas sector.  
In July 2017, a federal appeals court rejected an attempt by the EPA to delay implementation of the rule.  In September 2018, the 
EPA  proposed  amendments  to  the  rule  that  are  targeted  at  reducing  regulatory  requirements  and  streamlining  the  rule’s 
implementation.  Enforcement of these regulations may impose additional costs related to compliance with new emission limits, 
as well as inspections and maintenance of several types of equipment used in our operations. 

Natural Gas Gathering Regulations

State and federal regulation of natural gas gathering facilities generally includes various safety, environmental and, in some 
circumstances, nondiscriminatory-take requirements.  With the increase in construction and operation of natural gas gathering 
lines in various states, natural gas gathering is receiving greater regulatory scrutiny from state and federal regulatory agencies, 
which is likely to continue in the future.

Federal, State or Indian Leases

Our operations on federal, state or Indian oil and gas leases, especially those in the Rocky Mountain region, are subject to 
numerous restrictions, including nondiscrimination statutes.  Such operations must be conducted pursuant to certain on-site security 
regulations  and  other  permits  and  authorizations  issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Land  Management,  the  Bureau  of  Ocean  Energy 
Management, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and other federal and state 
stakeholder agencies.

Environmental Regulations

Our oil and natural gas production, saltwater disposal operations, injection of CO2, and the processing, handling and disposal 
of materials such as hydrocarbons and naturally occurring radioactive materials (“NORM”) are subject to stringent regulation.  We 
could incur significant costs, including cleanup costs resulting from a release of product, third-party claims for property damage 
and personal injuries, or penalties and other sanctions as a result of any violations or liabilities under environmental laws and 
regulations or other laws and regulations applicable to our operations.  Changes in, or more stringent enforcement of, environmental 
laws and other laws applicable to our operations could also result in delays or additional operating costs and capital expenditures.

Various federal, state and local laws and regulations controlling the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise 
relating to the protection of the environment and human health, directly impact our oil and gas exploration, development and 
production operations.  These include, among others, (1) regulations adopted by the EPA and various state agencies regarding 
approved methods of disposal for certain hazardous and nonhazardous wastes; (2) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation, and Liability Act and analogous state laws that regulate the removal or remediation of previously disposed wastes 
(including  wastes  disposed  of  or  released  by  prior  owners  or  operators),  property  contamination  (including  groundwater 
contamination), and remedial plugging operations to prevent future contamination; (3) the Clean Air Act and comparable state and 
local  requirements  already  applicable  to  our  operations  and  new  restrictions  on  air  emissions  from  our  operations,  including 
greenhouse gas emissions and those that could discourage the production of fossil fuels that, when used, ultimately release CO2; 
(4) the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, which contains numerous requirements relating to the prevention of, and response to, oil spills 
into waters of the United States; (5) the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, which is the principal federal statute governing 
the treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes; (6) the Endangered Species Act and counterpart state legislation, which 
protects certain species (and their related habitats), including certain species that could be present on our leases, as threatened or 
endangered; and (7) state regulations and statutes governing the handling, treatment, storage and disposal of NORM and other 
wastes.

In the Rocky Mountain Region, federal agencies’ actions based upon their environmental review responsibilities under the 
National Environmental Policy Act can significantly impact the scope and timing of hydrocarbon development by slowing the 

23

Denbury Resources Inc.

timing of individual applications for permits to drill and requests for rights-of-way, and delaying large scale planning associated 
with region-level resource management plans and project-level master development plans.

Management  believes  that  we  are  currently  in  substantial  compliance  with  existing  applicable  environmental  laws  and 
regulations, and does not currently anticipate that future compliance will have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated 
financial position, results of operations or cash flows, although such laws and regulations, and compliance therewith, could cause 
significant delays or otherwise impede operations, which may, among other things, cause our expected production rates and cash 
flows to be less than anticipated.

Hydraulic Fracturing

During 2018, we fracture stimulated five wells at Bell Creek Field and two wells at Tinsley Field utilizing water-based fluids.  
We currently have plans to potentially hydraulically fracture one well during 2019.  We are familiar with the laws and regulations 
applicable to hydraulic fracturing operations and take steps to ensure compliance with these requirements.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES AND RECONCILIATIONS

Reconciliation of Standardized Measure to PV-10 Value

PV-10 Value is a non-GAAP measure and is different from the Standardized Measure in that PV-10 Value is a pre-tax number 
and the Standardized Measure is an after-tax number.  The information used to calculate PV-10 Value is derived directly from data 
determined  in  accordance  with  FASC  Topic  932.  We  believe  that  PV-10  Value  is  a  useful  supplemental  disclosure  to  the 
Standardized Measure because the Standardized Measure can be impacted by a company’s unique tax situation, and it is not 
practical to calculate the Standardized Measure on a property-by-property basis.  Because of this, PV-10 Value is a widely used 
measure within the industry and is commonly used by securities analysts, banks and credit rating agencies to evaluate the estimated 
future  net  cash  flows  from  proved  reserves  on  a  comparative  basis  across  companies  or  specific  properties.  PV-10 Value  is 
commonly used by us and others in our industry to evaluate properties that are bought and sold, to assess the potential return on 
investment in our oil and natural gas properties, and to perform our impairment testing of oil and natural gas properties.  PV-10 
Value is not a measure of financial or operating performance under GAAP, nor should it be considered in isolation or as a substitute 
for the Standardized Measure.  Our PV-10 Value and the Standardized Measure do not purport to represent the fair value of our 
oil and natural gas reserves.  See also Glossary and Selected Abbreviations for the definition of “PV-10 Value” and Supplemental 
Oil  and  Natural  Gas  Disclosures  (Unaudited)  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  additional  disclosures  about  the 
Standardized Measure.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Standardized Measure to PV-10 Value for the periods indicated:

In thousands

Standardized Measure (GAAP measure)

Discounted estimated future income tax

PV-10 Value (non-GAAP measure)

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDAX

Year Ended December 31,

2018

3,351,385
673,754

4,025,139

$

$

2017

2,232,429
301,369

2,533,798

$

$

2016

1,399,217
142,467

1,541,684

$

$

Adjusted EBITDAX is a non-GAAP financial measure which management uses and is calculated based upon (but not identical 
to) a financial covenant related to “Consolidated EBITDAX” in our senior secured bank credit facility, which excludes certain 
items that are included in net income, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.  Items excluded include interest, 
income taxes, depletion, depreciation, and amortization, and items that the Company believes affect the comparability of operating 
results such as items whose timing and/or amount cannot be reasonably estimated or are non-recurring.  Management believes 
Adjusted EBITDAX may be helpful to investors in order to assess our operating performance as compared to that of other companies 
in our industry, without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical costs basis.  It is also commonly used by third 
parties to assess the Company’s leverage and ability to incur and service debt and fund capital expenditures.  Adjusted EBITDAX 
should not be considered in isolation, as a substitute for, or more meaningful than, net income, cash flows from operations, or any 
other measure reported in accordance with GAAP.  The Company’s Adjusted EBITDAX may not be comparable to similarly titled 

24

 
Denbury Resources Inc.

measures of another company because all companies may not calculate Adjusted EBITDAX, EBITDAX, or EBITDA in the same 
manner.

The following table presents a reconciliation of our net income to Adjusted EBITDAX for the periods indicated:

In thousands
Net income (GAAP measure)
Adjustments to reconcile to Adjusted EBITDAX

Interest expense
Income tax expense (benefit)
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization
Noncash fair value adjustments on commodity derivatives
Stock-based compensation
Accrued expense related to litigation over a helium supply contract
Impairment of loan receivable and related assets
Noncash, non-recurring and other(1)
Adjusted EBITDAX (non-GAAP measure)

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

$

322,698

$

163,152

69,688
87,233
216,449
(196,335)
11,951
49,373
17,805
5,504
584,366

$

99,263
(116,652)
207,713
29,781
15,154
—
—
23,358
421,769

$

(1)  Excludes pro forma adjustments related to qualified acquisitions or dispositions under the Company’s senior secured bank 

credit facility.

25

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

Denbury Resources Inc.

Oil and natural gas prices are volatile.  A sustained period of deterioration of oil prices is likely to adversely affect our 
future financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties.

Oil prices are the most important determinant of our operational and financial success.  Oil prices are highly impacted by 
worldwide oil supply, demand and prices, and have historically been subject to significant price changes over short periods of 
time.  Over the last few years, NYMEX oil prices have been volatile, decreasing to a low of $26 in early 2016 and gradually 
improving to hit a three-year peak of $76 in October 2018, before retreating to the low-$40’s in late December 2018 and then 
moving upward again to an average of approximately $53 per Bbl during the first two months of 2019.  Based on past commodity 
cycles, volatility will remain, and prices could move downward or upward on a rapid or repeated basis, which can make planning 
and budgeting, acquisition and divestiture transactions, capital raising, valuations and sustained business strategies more difficult.  
Our cash flow from operations is highly dependent on the prices that we receive for oil, as oil comprised approximately 97% of 
our 2018 production and approximately 97% of our proved reserves at December 31, 2018.  The prices for oil and natural gas are 
subject to a variety of factors that are beyond our control.  These factors include:

• 

• 

the level of worldwide consumer demand for oil and natural gas and the domestic and foreign supply of oil and natural 
gas and levels of domestic oil and natural gas storage;
the degree to which members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries maintain oil price and production 
controls;
the degree to which domestic oil and natural gas production affects worldwide supply of crude oil or its price;

• 
•  worldwide political events, conditions and policies, including actions taken by foreign oil and natural gas producing 

nations; and

•  worldwide economic conditions.

Negative movements in oil prices could harm us in a number of ways, including:

• 
• 

• 

lower cash flows from operations may require reduced levels of capital expenditures;
reduced levels of capital expenditures in turn could lower our present and future production levels, and lower the quantities 
and value of our oil and gas reserves, which constitute our major asset;
our lenders could reduce our borrowing base, and we may not be able to raise capital at attractive rates in the public 
markets;

•  we could have difficulty repaying or refinancing our indebtedness;
•  we could be forced to increase our level of indebtedness, issue additional equity, or sell assets;
•  we could be required to impair various assets, including a further write-down of our oil and natural gas assets or the value 

• 

of other tangible or intangible assets; and/or
our potential cash flows from our commodity derivative contracts that include sold puts could be limited to the extent 
that oil prices are below the prices of those sold puts.

Furthermore, some or all of our tertiary projects could remain or become uneconomical.  We may also decide to suspend future 
expansion projects, and if prices were to drop below our operating cash break-even points for an extended period of time, we may 
decide to shut-in existing production, both of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial condition 
and reduce our production.

A  financial  downturn  in  one  or  more  of  the  world’s  major  markets  could  negatively  affect  our  business  and  financial 
condition.

In addition to the impact on the demand for oil, drops in domestic or foreign economic growth rates, regional or worldwide 
increases in tariffs or other trade restrictions, significant international currency fluctuations, a sustained credit crisis, a severe 
economic contraction either regionally or worldwide or turmoil in the global financial system, could materially affect our business 
and financial condition, or impact our ability to finance operations.  Negative credit market conditions could inhibit our lenders 
from funding our senior secured bank credit facility or cause them to restrict our borrowing base or make the terms of our senior 
secured  bank  credit  facility  more  costly  and  more  restrictive.  Negative  economic  conditions  could  also  adversely  affect  the 
collectability  of  our  trade  receivables  or  performance  by  our  suppliers  or  cause  our  commodity  hedging  arrangements  to  be 
ineffective if our counterparties are unable to perform their obligations.

26

Constraints on liquidity could affect our ability to maintain or increase cash flow from operations.

Denbury Resources Inc.

In recent years, sources and levels of liquidity for the oil and gas industry have become more restrictive, in part due to the 
tightening of commercial lenders.  Although our liquidity was sufficient to support our capital expenditures during 2018, future 
additional liquidity restrictions could negatively affect our level of capital expenditures, and thus our maintenance or growth in 
production and operational cash flow.  Additionally, our liquidity could be affected by payments made upon finalization of ongoing 
litigation (see Item 3, Legal Proceedings).  We require continued access to capital.  As a result, we may seek to access the public 
or private capital markets whenever conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at 
that time.

Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect the level of our operating activities.

As  of  December 31,  2018,  our  outstanding  indebtedness  consisted  of  $1.5  billion  aggregate  principal  amount  of  senior 
indebtedness and $826.2 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated indebtedness.  Our outstanding senior indebtedness 
consisted of $614.9 million principal amount of 9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021, $455.7 million principal amount 
of 9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022, and $450.0 million principal amount of 7½% Senior Secured Second Lien 
Notes due 2024.  Our subordinated indebtedness consisted of $826.2 million principal amount of subordinated notes, all of which 
have maturity dates between 2021 and 2023 at interest rates ranging from 4.625% to 6.375% per annum at a weighted average 
interest rate of 5.39% per annum.  As of December 31, 2018, we had no outstanding borrowings on our senior secured bank credit 
facility, a borrowing base and aggregate lender commitments of $615 million under our senior secured bank credit facility and 
availability with respect to such commitments of $553.0 million after considering letters of credit outstanding.  Although the merger 
is currently expected to increase our debt levels while improving our leverage metrics and cash flow, consummation of the merger 
would further increase our exposure to economic or oil price downturns and the negative effects thereof.

Our debt could have important consequences for us, including but not limited to the following:

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, including falling crude oil prices;
impairing our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development 
activities or general corporate and other purposes;
potentially restricting us from making acquisitions or exploiting business opportunities;
requiring dedication of a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to servicing our indebtedness (so that such 
cash flows would not be available for capital expenditures or other purposes);
limiting our ability to borrow additional funds, dispose of assets and make certain investments; and/or
placing us at a competitive disadvantage as compared to our competitors that have less debt.

Increases in interest rates could adversely affect our business.

Our business and operating results can be harmed by increases in interest rates.  These changes could cause our cost of doing 
business to increase, limit our ability to pursue acquisition opportunities, reduce cash flow, affect our interest costs under our senior 
secured bank credit facility, or increase the cost of any new debt financings.

Inability to meet financial performance covenants in our bank agreements may require us to seek modification of covenants, 
force a reduction in our borrowing base, or cause repayment of amounts outstanding under our bank credit facility.

Between May 2015 and August 2018, we modified certain of our financial performance covenants under our senior secured 
bank  credit  facility  to  support  continuing  compliance  with  these  covenants  through  the  lower  oil  price  environment  we  have 
experienced over the last several years.  In August 2018, we extended the maturity of our bank credit facility to December 2021 
and reset certain financial performance covenants based on projections and oil price expectations that existed at that time.  Oil 
prices subsequent to August 2018 have been volatile, and if oil and natural gas prices decrease for an extended period of time, 
these metrics could deteriorate further, potentially causing us to not be in compliance with our senior secured bank credit facility’s 
covenants.  As such, we may be required to seek modifications of these covenants, the banks could force a reduction in our bank 
borrowing base and repayment of amounts outstanding under our bank credit facility, or provide a waiver at a significant cost to 
the Company.  As of December 31, 2018, we had no bank debt outstanding, but we did have $62.0 million in letters of credit 
outstanding.  Also, we may seek to reduce our debt by, among other things, purchasing our debt in the open market, completing 
cash tenders for our debt or public or privately negotiated debt exchanges, issuing equity or completing asset sales and other cash-
generating activities.  We cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to successfully modify these covenants or reduce our 

27

Denbury Resources Inc.

debt in the future.  For more information on our senior secured bank credit facility, see Item 7, Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital Resources and Liquidity – Senior Secured Bank Credit Facility.

Our bank borrowing base is determined semiannually, and upon requested unscheduled special redeterminations, in each case 
at the banks’ discretion, and the amount is established and based, in part, upon certain external factors, such as commodity prices.  We 
do not know, nor can we control, the results of such redeterminations or the effect of then-current oil and natural gas prices on any 
such redetermination.  A future redetermination lowering our borrowing base could limit availability under our senior secured 
bank credit facility or require us to seek different forms of financing arrangements.  If the outstanding debt under our senior secured 
bank credit facility were to ever exceed the borrowing base, we would be required to repay the excess amount over a period not 
to exceed six months.

Certain of our operations may be limited during certain periods due to severe weather conditions and other regulations.

Our operations in the Gulf Coast region may be subjected to adverse weather conditions such as hurricanes, flooding and 
tropical storms in and around the Gulf of Mexico that can damage oil and natural gas facilities and delivery systems and disrupt 
operations, which can also increase costs and have a negative effect on our results of operations.  Certain of our operations in 
North Dakota, Montana and Wyoming, including the construction of CO2 pipelines, the drilling of new wells and production from 
existing wells, are conducted in areas subject to extreme weather conditions, including severe cold, snow and rain, which conditions 
may cause such operations to be hindered or delayed, or otherwise require that they be conducted only during non-winter months, 
and depending on the severity of the weather, could have a negative effect on our results of operations in these areas.  Further, 
certain of our operations in these areas are confined to certain time periods due to environmental regulations, federal restrictions 
on when drilling can take place on federal lands, and lease stipulations designed to protect certain wildlife, which regulations, 
restrictions and limitations could slow down our operations, cause delays, increase costs and have a negative effect on our results 
of operations.

Oil and natural gas development and producing operations involve various risks.

Our operations are subject to all of the risks normally incident and inherent to the operation and development of oil and natural 
gas properties and the drilling of oil and natural gas wells, including, without limitation, pipe failure; fires; formations with abnormal 
pressures; uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas, brine or well fluids; release of contaminants into the environment and other 
environmental  hazards  and  risks  and  well  blowouts,  cratering  or  explosions.    In  addition,  our  operations  are  sometimes  near 
populated commercial or residential areas, which add additional risks.  The nature of these risks is such that some liabilities could 
exceed  our  insurance  policy  limits  or  otherwise  be  excluded  from,  or  limited  by,  our  insurance  coverage,  as  in  the  case  of 
environmental fines and penalties, for example, which are excluded from coverage as they cannot be insured.

We could incur significant costs related to these risks that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, 
financial condition and cash flows or could have an adverse effect upon the profitability of our operations.  Additionally, a portion 
of our production activities involves CO2 injections into fields with wells plugged and abandoned by prior operators.  However, 
it is often difficult (or impracticable) to determine whether a well has been properly plugged prior to commencing injections and 
pressuring  the  oil  reservoirs.    We  may  incur  significant  costs  in  connection  with  remedial  plugging  operations  to  prevent 
environmental  contamination  and  to  otherwise  comply  with  federal,  state  and  local  regulations  relative  to  the  plugging  and 
abandoning of our oil, natural gas and CO2 wells.  In addition to the increased costs, if wells have not been properly plugged, 
modification to those wells may delay our operations and reduce our production.

Development activities are subject to many risks, including the risk that we will not recover all or any portion of our investment 
in such wells.  Drilling for oil and natural gas may involve unprofitable efforts, not only from dry wells, but also from wells that 
are productive but do not produce sufficient net reserves to return a profit after deducting drilling, operating and other costs.  The 
cost of drilling, completing and operating a well is often uncertain, and cost factors can adversely affect the economics of a project.  
Further, our drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of numerous factors, including:

• 
• 
• 
• 

unexpected drilling conditions;
pressure or irregularities in formations;
equipment failures or accidents;
adverse weather conditions, including hurricanes and tropical storms in and around the Gulf of Mexico that can damage 
oil and natural gas facilities and delivery systems and disrupt operations, and winter conditions and forest fires in the 
Rocky Mountain region that can delay or impede operations;

28

Denbury Resources Inc.

• 
• 
• 

compliance with environmental and other governmental requirements;
the cost of, or shortages or delays in the availability of, drilling rigs, equipment, pipelines and services; and
title problems.

Estimating our reserves, production and future net cash flows is difficult to do with any certainty.

Estimating quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves is a complex process.  It requires interpretations of available 
technical data and various assumptions, including assumptions relating to economic factors such as future commodity prices, 
production costs, severance and excise taxes, capital expenditures and workover and remedial costs, and the assumed effect of 
governmental  rules  and  regulations.  There  are  numerous  uncertainties  about  when  a  property  may  have  proved  reserves  as 
compared to potential or probable reserves, particularly relating to our tertiary recovery operations.  Forecasting the amount of oil 
reserves recoverable from tertiary operations, and the production rates anticipated therefrom, requires estimates, one of the most 
significant being the oil recovery factor.  Actual results most likely will vary from our estimates.  Also, the use of a 10% discount 
factor for reporting purposes, as prescribed by the SEC, may not necessarily represent the most appropriate discount factor, given 
actual interest rates and risks to which our business, and the oil and natural gas industry in general, are subject.  Any significant 
inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions, or changes of conditions, could result in a revision of the quantities and net 
present value of our reserves.

The reserves data included in documents incorporated by reference represent estimates only.  Quantities of proved reserves 
are estimated based on economic conditions, including first-day-of-the-month average oil and natural gas prices for the 12-month 
period preceding the date of the assessment.  The representative oil and natural gas prices used in estimating our December 31, 
2018 reserves were $65.56 per Bbl for crude oil and $3.10 per MMBtu for natural gas, both of which were adjusted for market 
differentials by field.  Rapid crude oil price declines beginning in late 2014 have resulted in a significant decrease in our proved 
reserve value from 2014 levels, and to a lesser degree, a reduction in our proved reserve volumes, which has caused us to record 
write-downs due to the full cost ceiling test in 2015 and 2016.  As discussed in greater detail below, significant declines in oil 
prices could result in additional write-downs.  Our reserves and future cash flows may be subject to revisions based upon changes 
in economic conditions, including oil and natural gas prices, as well as due to production results, results of future development, 
operating and development costs, and other factors.  Downward revisions of our reserves could have an adverse effect on our 
financial condition and operating results.  Actual future prices and costs may be materially higher or lower than the prices and 
costs used in our estimates.

As of December 31, 2018, approximately 12% of our estimated proved reserves were undeveloped.  Recovery of undeveloped 
reserves requires significant capital expenditures and may require successful drilling operations.  The reserves data assumes that 
we can and will make these expenditures and conduct these operations successfully, but these assumptions may not be accurate, 
and these expenditures and operations may not occur.

Our planned tertiary operations and the related construction of necessary CO2 pipelines could be delayed by difficulties 
in obtaining pipeline rights-of-way and/or permits, and/or by the listing of certain species as threatened or endangered.

The production of crude oil from our planned tertiary operations is dependent upon having access to pipelines to transport 
available CO2 to our oil fields at a cost that is economically viable.  Our future construction of CO2 pipelines will require us to 
obtain rights-of-way from private landowners, state and local governments and the federal government in certain areas.  Certain 
states where we operate have considered or may again consider the adoption of laws or regulations that could limit or eliminate 
the ability of a pipeline owner or of a state, state’s legislature or its administrative agencies to exercise eminent domain over private 
property,  in  addition  to  possible  judicially  imposed  constraints  on,  and  additional  requirements  for,  the  exercise  of  eminent 
domain.  We also conduct operations on federal and other oil and natural gas leases inhabited by species that could be listed as 
threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act, which listing could lead to tighter restrictions as to federal land use 
and other land use where federal approvals are required.  These laws and regulations, together with any other changes in law related 
to the use of eminent domain or the listing of certain species as threatened or endangered, could inhibit or eliminate our ability to 
secure  rights-of-way  or  otherwise  access  land  for  current  or  future  pipeline  construction  projects  and  may  require  additional 
regulatory  and  environmental  compliance,  and  increased  costs  in  connection  therewith,  which  could  delay  our  CO2  pipeline 
construction schedule and initiation of our pipeline operations, and/or increase the costs of constructing our pipelines.

29

Denbury Resources Inc.

Our future performance depends upon our ability to effectively develop our existing oil and natural gas reserves and find 
or acquire additional oil and natural gas reserves that are economically recoverable.

Unless we can successfully develop our existing reserves and/or replace the reserves that we produce, our reserves will decline, 
resulting eventually in a decrease in oil and natural gas production and lower revenues and cash flows from operations.  We have 
historically  replaced  reserves  through  both  acquisitions  and  internal  organic  growth  activities.  For  internal  organic  growth 
activities, the magnitude of proved reserves that we can book in any given year depends on our progress with new floods and the 
timing of the production response, as well as the success of exploitation projects.  In the future, we may not be able to continue 
to replace reserves at acceptable costs.  The business of exploring for, developing or acquiring reserves is capital intensive.  We 
may not be able to make the necessary capital investment to maintain or expand our oil and natural gas reserves if our cash flows 
from operations are reduced, whether due to current oil or natural gas prices or otherwise, or if external sources of capital become 
limited or unavailable.  Further, the process of using CO2 for tertiary recovery, and the related infrastructure, requires significant 
capital investment prior to any resulting and associated production and cash flows from these projects, heightening potential capital 
constraints.  If our capital expenditures are restricted, or if outside capital resources become limited, we will not be able to maintain 
our current production levels.

Commodity derivative contracts may expose us to potential financial loss.

To reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural gas, we enter into commodity derivative contracts in 
order to economically hedge a portion of our forecasted oil and natural gas production.  As of February 26, 2019, we have oil 
derivative contracts in place covering 39,500 Bbls/d for the remainder of 2019 and 4,000 Bbls/d for 2020.  Such derivative contracts 
expose us to risk of financial loss in some circumstances, including when there is a change in the expected differential between 
the underlying price in the hedging agreement and actual prices received, when the cash benefit from hedges including a sold put 
is limited to the extent oil prices fall below the price of our sold puts, or when the counterparty to the derivative contract is financially 
constrained and defaults on its contractual obligations.  In addition, these derivative contracts may limit the benefit we would 
otherwise receive from increases in the prices for oil and natural gas.

Shortages of or delays in the availability of oil field equipment, services and qualified personnel could reduce our cash flow 
and adversely affect results of operations.

The demand for qualified and experienced field personnel, geologists, geophysicists, engineers and other professionals in the 
oil and natural gas industry can fluctuate significantly, often in correlation with oil and natural gas prices, causing periodic shortages 
in such personnel.  In the past, during periods of higher oil and natural gas prices, there have been shortages of oil field and other 
necessary  equipment,  including  drilling  rigs,  along  with  increased  prices  for  such  equipment,  services  and  associated 
personnel.  These types of shortages or price increases could significantly decrease our profit margin, cash flow and operating 
results and/or restrict or delay our ability to drill wells and conduct our operations, possibly causing us to miss our forecasts and 
projections.

The marketability of our production is dependent upon transportation lines and other facilities, certain of which we do not 
control.  When these facilities are unavailable, our operations can be interrupted and our revenues reduced.

The marketability of our oil and natural gas production depends, in part, upon the availability, proximity and capacity of 
transportation lines owned by third parties.  In general, we do not control these transportation facilities, and our access to them 
may be limited or denied.  A significant disruption in the availability of, and access to, these transportation lines or other production 
facilities could adversely impact our ability to deliver to market or produce our oil and thereby cause a significant interruption in 
our operations.

Our production will decline if our access to sufficient amounts of carbon dioxide is limited.

Our long-term strategy is primarily focused on our CO2 tertiary recovery operations.  The crude oil production from our tertiary 
recovery  projects  depends,  in  large  part,  on  having  access  to  sufficient  amounts  of  naturally  occurring  and  industrial-source 
CO2.  Our ability to produce oil from these projects would be hindered if our supply of CO2 was limited due to, among other things, 
problems with our current CO2 producing wells and facilities, including compression equipment, catastrophic pipeline failure or 
our ability to economically purchase CO2 from industrial sources.  This could have a material adverse effect on our financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows.  Our anticipated future crude oil production from tertiary operations is also dependent 
on the timing, volumes and location of CO2 injections and, in particular, on our ability to increase our combined purchased and 

30

Denbury Resources Inc.

produced volumes of CO2 and inject adequate amounts of CO2 into the proper formation and area within each of our tertiary oil 
fields.

The development of our naturally occurring CO2 sources involves the drilling of wells to increase and extend the CO2 reserves 
available for use in our tertiary fields.  These drilling activities are subject to many of the same drilling and geological risks of 
drilling and producing oil and gas wells (see Oil and natural gas development and producing operations involve various risks 
above).  Furthermore, recent market conditions may cause the delay or cancellation of construction of plants that produce industrial-
source CO2 as a byproduct that we can purchase, thus limiting the amount of industrial-source CO2 available for our use in our 
tertiary operations.

A cyber incident could occur and result in information theft, data corruption, operational disruption, and/or financial loss.

Our business has become increasingly dependent on digital technologies to conduct day-to-day operations, including certain 
of our exploration, development and production activities.  We depend on digital technology, among other things, to process and 
record financial and operating data; analyze seismic and drilling information; monitor and control pipeline and plant equipment; 
and process and store personally identifiable information of our employees and royalty owners.  Our technologies, systems and 
networks may become the target of cyber attacks or information security breaches that could result in the disruption of our business 
operations and/or financial loss.

Although we utilize various procedures and controls to monitor and protect against these threats and to mitigate our exposure 
to such threats, there can be no assurance that these procedures and controls will be sufficient in preventing security threats from 
materializing and causing us to suffer such losses in the future.  As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend 
significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our procedures and controls or to investigate and remediate any 
cyber vulnerabilities.

We may lose key executive officers or specialized technical employees, which could endanger the future success of our 
operations.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our executive officers, other key management 
and  specialized  technical  personnel.    Our  employees,  including  our  executive  officers,  are  employed  at  will  and  do  not  have 
employment agreements.  We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our ability to hire and retain highly skilled 
personnel.

Environmental laws and regulations are costly and stringent.

Our exploration, production, and marketing operations are subject to complex and stringent federal, state, and local laws and 
regulations governing, among other things, the discharge of substances into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection 
of human health and the protection of endangered species.  These laws and regulations and related public policy considerations 
affect the costs, manner, and feasibility of our operations and require us to make significant expenditures in order to comply.  
Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative, civil, and criminal penalties, the 
imposition of investigatory and remedial obligations, and the issuance of injunctions that could limit or prohibit our operations.  
Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several, strict liability for contamination resulting from spills, discharges, 
and releases of substances, including petroleum hydrocarbons and other wastes, without regard to fault, or the legality of the 
original conduct.  Under such laws and regulations, we could be required to remove or remediate previously disposed substances 
and property contamination, including wastes disposed or released by prior owners or operators.

Enactment of executive, legislative or regulatory proposals under consideration could negatively affect our business.

While it is currently anticipated that the President will attempt to move away from the trend of proposing stricter standards 
and increasing oversight and regulation at the federal level, it is possible that other proposals affecting the oil and gas industry 
could be enacted or adopted in the future, including state or local regulations, any of which could result in increased costs or 
additional operating restrictions that could have an effect on demand for oil and natural gas or prices at which it can be sold.

31

Denbury Resources Inc.

The loss of one or more of our large oil and natural gas purchasers could have an adverse effect on our operations.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, two purchasers individually accounted for 10% or more of our oil and natural gas 
revenues and, in the aggregate, for 34% of such revenues.  The loss of a large single purchaser could adversely impact the prices 
we receive or the transportation costs we incur.

If commodity prices decline appreciably, we may be required to write down the carrying value of our oil and natural gas 
properties.

Under full cost accounting rules related to our oil and natural gas properties, we are required each quarter to perform a ceiling 
test calculation, with the net capitalized costs of our oil and natural gas properties limited to the lower of unamortized cost or the 
cost center ceiling.  The present value of estimated future net revenues from proved oil and natural gas reserves included in the 
cost center ceiling is based on the average first-day-of-the-month oil and natural gas price for each month during a 12-month 
rolling period prior to the end of a particular reporting period.  During 2016, we recorded a full cost pool ceiling test write-down 
of our oil and natural gas properties totaling $810.9 million ($508.2 million net of tax).  We did not record any ceiling test write-
downs during 2017 or 2018.  Future material write-downs of our oil and natural gas properties, as well as future impairment of 
other long-lived assets, could significantly reduce earnings during the period in which such write-down and/or impairment occurs 
and would result in a corresponding reduction to long-lived assets and equity.  See Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.

Failure to complete the pending acquisition of Penn Virginia Corporation could negatively impact the price of our common 
stock and our future business and financial results.

Failure to consummate the Penn Virginia acquisition may cause negative reactions from the financial markets, including a 
downturn in the price of Denbury’s common stock; may negatively affect the manner in which costumers, lenders, business partners 
and other third parties perceive Denbury; and may lead to adverse effects on Denbury’s business and financial results from having 
expended  time  and  resources  on  the  pending  acquisition  rather  than  on  Denbury’s  existing  businesses  and  pursuit  of  other 
opportunities.

Closing of the pending acquisition of Penn Virginia would present a variety of possible business challenges to Denbury.

In addition to the possible negative effect on Denbury’s common stock price of the dilution resulting from issuance of shares 
to Penn Virginia shareholders and the higher debt levels used to finance the merger, Denbury might be negatively affected on an 
ongoing basis by the attention required to integrate Penn Virginia and its assets.  Consummating the acquisition may also fail to 
be as accretive as anticipated by Denbury and carry higher costs than anticipated, inclusive of the employee retention costs, fees 
paid to legal, financial and accounting advisors and severance benefits and costs.  Lastly, the anticipated synergies and economic 
benefits from the transaction may not be realized.

The combined company debt may limit Denbury’s financial flexibility.

Denbury’s approximate total debt of $2.5 billion at December 31, 2018 would increase upon consummation of the Penn 
Virginia acquisition.  This additional debt may carry less favorable terms than Denbury’s current debt and may bear higher interest 
rates; impose additional cash requirements to support interest payments and repay the debt obligations; and increase Denbury’s 
exposure to general economic downturns, falling oil prices and rising interest rates.

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

There are no unresolved written SEC staff comments regarding our periodic or current reports under the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934 received 180 days or more before the end of the fiscal year to which this annual report on Form 10-K relates.

Item 2.  Properties

Information regarding the Company’s properties called for by this item is included in Item 1, Business and Properties – Oil 
and Natural Gas Operations.  We also have various operating leases for rental of office space, office and field equipment, and 
vehicles.  See Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital Resources 

32

and Liquidity – Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, and Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements for the future minimum rental payments.  Such information is incorporated herein by reference.

Denbury Resources Inc.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings incidental to our businesses.  While we currently 
believe that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect 
on our business or finances, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.  We accrue for losses from litigation and claims if we 
determine that a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Riley Ridge Helium Supply Contract Claim

As part of our 2010 and 2011 acquisitions of the Riley Ridge Unit and associated gas processing facility that was under 
construction, the Company assumed a 20-year helium supply contract under which we agreed to supply the helium separated from 
the full well stream by operation of the gas processing facility to a third-party purchaser, APMTG Helium, LLC (“APMTG”).  The 
helium supply contract provides for the delivery of a minimum contracted quantity of helium with liquidated damages payable if 
specified quantities of helium are not supplied in accordance with the terms of the contract.  The liquidated damages are specified 
in the contract at up to $8.0 million per contract year and are capped at an aggregate of $46.0 million over the term of the contract.  

As the gas processing facility has been shut-in since mid-2014 due to significant technical issues, we have not been able to 
supply helium under the helium supply contract.  In a case filed in November 2014 in the Ninth Judicial District Court of Sublette 
County, Wyoming, APMTG claimed multiple years of liquidated damages for non-delivery of volumes of helium specified under 
the helium supply contract.  The Company’s position is that our contractual obligations are excused by virtue of events that fall 
within the force majeure provisions in the helium supply contract.

On January 21, 2019, the Company received notice of the trial court’s ruling that a force majeure condition did exist, but the 
Company’s performance was only excused by the force majeure provisions of the contract for a 35-day period in 2014, and as a 
result  the  Company  should  pay  APMTG  liquidated  damages  and  interest  thereon  for  those  time  periods  from  contract 
commencement to the close of evidence (November 29, 2017) when the Company’s performance was not excused as provided in 
the contract.  The trial court has not yet entered a final judgment based upon its decision.  The Company currently estimates the 
contractual liquidated damages to be $31.8 million, representing the amount due for the contract years for which evidence was 
submitted at the trial ending November 29, 2017.  However, absent reversal of the trial court’s factual or legal conclusions on 
appeal, the Company anticipates total liquidated damages will equal the $46.0 million aggregate cap under the helium supply 
contract (which includes an additional $14.2 million of liquidated damages for the contract years ending July 31, 2018 and July 
31, 2019) and other costs associated with the settlement of approximately $3.4 million, the total of which the Company has included 
in “Other liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and “Other expenses” in our Consolidated 
Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018.  The Company’s position continues to be that its contractual 
obligations have been and continue to be excused by events that fall within the force majeure provisions in the helium supply 
contract.  The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend its position and pursue all of its rights, which may include an 
appeal of the trial court’s ruling, the results of which cannot be currently predicted.

Environmental Protection Agency Matter Concerning Citronelle and Other Fields

The Company has entered into a series of tolling agreements (effective through May 30, 2019) with the Environmental Protection 
Agency (“EPA”), and has been in discussions with the agency over the past several years regarding the EPA’s contention that it 
has causes of action under the Clean Water Act (“CWA”) related to releases (principally between 2008 and 2013) of oil and produced 
water containing small amounts of oil in the Citronelle Field in southern Alabama and several fields in Mississippi.  The EPA has 
taken the position that these releases were in violation of the CWA.  Discussions have focused upon actions taken or to be taken 
by Denbury, including enhancements to the Company’s mechanical integrity program designed to minimize the occurrence and 
impact of any future releases in these fields.

Based upon ongoing discussions with the EPA, the Company currently anticipates that in the coming months it will reach 
agreement with the EPA as to a consent decree regarding the EPA’s claims, which consent decree will provide for a monetary fine 
as a civil penalty.  Based upon these discussions, the Company expects that such civil penalty will not be material to the Company’s 
business or financial condition.

33

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Denbury Resources Inc.

34

Denbury Resources Inc.

PART II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Market Information and Holders of Record

Denbury’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “DNR.”  As of January 31, 2019, based 
on information from the Company’s transfer agent, Broadridge Stock Transfer Agent, the number of holders of record of Denbury’s 
common stock was 1,411.

Dividends

We have not paid dividends on our common stock since the fourth quarter of 2015 and have no current plans to resume common 
stock dividends.  Our Bank Credit Agreement and senior secured second lien and senior subordinated note indentures require us 
to meet certain financial covenants at the time dividend payments are made.  For further discussion, see Note 6, Long-Term Debt, 
to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Month

October 2018

November 2018

December 2018

Total

Total Number
of Shares 
Purchased(1)

Average Price
Paid per Share

20,925

$

23,664

3,278

47,867

6.12

2.72

1.71

Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs

Approximate Dollar 
Value of Shares that May 
Yet Be Purchased Under 
the Plans or Programs
 (in millions)(2)

— $

—

—

—

210.1

210.1

210.1

(1)  Shares purchased during the fourth quarter of 2018 were made in connection with the surrender of shares by our employees 

to satisfy their tax withholding requirements related to the vesting of restricted shares.

(2)  In October 2011, we commenced a common share repurchase program, which has been approved for up to an aggregate of 
$1.162 billion of Denbury common shares by the Company’s Board of Directors.  This program has effectively been suspended 
and we do not anticipate repurchasing shares of our common stock in the near future.  The program has no pre-established 
ending date and may be suspended or discontinued at any time.  We are not obligated to repurchase any dollar amount or 
specific number of shares of our common stock under the program.

35

Stock Performance Graph

Denbury Resources Inc.

The following Performance Graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with 
the  SEC,  nor  shall  such  information  be  incorporated  by  reference  into  any  future  filings  under  the  Securities Act  of  1933  or 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference 
into such filings.

The following graph illustrates changes over the five-year period ended December 31, 2018, in cumulative total stockholder 
return on our common stock as measured against the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. 
Exploration and Production Index.  The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each index 
(with the reinvestment of all dividends for the index securities) from December 31, 2013, to December 31, 2018.

COMPARISON OF 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

December 31,

Denbury Resources Inc.

$

S&P 500

Dow Jones U.S. Exploration & Production

100

100

100

$

50

$

13

$

24

$

14

$

114

89

115

68

129

85

157

86

11

150

71

36

 
 
Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Denbury Resources Inc.

In thousands, except per-share data or otherwise noted

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

Year Ended December 31,

Consolidated Statements of Operations data

Revenues and other income

Oil, natural gas, and related product sales

Other

Total revenues and other income

Net income (loss)(1)

Net income (loss) per common share

Basic(1)
Diluted(1)

Dividends declared per common share(2)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

Basic

Diluted

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows data

Cash provided by (used in)

Operating activities
Investing activities(3)

Financing activities

Production (average daily)

Oil (Bbls)

Natural gas (Mcf)

BOE (6:1)

Unit sales prices – excluding impact of derivative
settlements

Oil (per Bbl)

Natural gas (per Mcf)

Unit sales prices – including impact of derivative
settlements

Oil (per Bbl)

Natural gas (per Mcf)

Costs per BOE

Lease operating expenses(4)

Taxes other than income

General and administrative expenses
Depletion, depreciation, and amortization(5)

Proved oil and natural gas reserves(6)

$

$

$

Oil (MBbls)

Natural gas (MMcf)

MBOE (6:1)

Proved carbon dioxide reserves
Gulf Coast region (MMcf)(7)
Rocky Mountain region (MMcf)(8)

Consolidated Balance Sheets data

Total assets

Total long-term liabilities

Stockholders’ equity

$

$

1,422,589

51,036

1,473,625

322,698

$

$

1,089,666

40,120

1,129,786

163,152

$

$

935,751

39,845

975,596

$

$

1,213,026

44,534

1,257,560

$

$

(976,177)

(4,385,448)

2,372,473

62,732

2,435,205

635,491

0.75

0.71

—

0.42

0.41

—

(2.61)

(2.61)

—

432,483

456,169

390,928

395,921

373,859

373,859

(12.57)

(12.57)

0.1875

348,802

348,802

1.82

1.81

0.25

348,962

351,167

$

529,685

$

267,143

$

219,223

$

864,304

$

1,222,825

(333,276)

(157,452)

(356,814)

88,613

(204,663)

(15,012)

(549,730)

(334,460)

(1,076,179)

(135,104)

58,532

10,854

60,341

58,410

11,329

60,298

61,440

15,378

64,003

69,165

22,172

72,861

66.11

$

50.64

$

41.12

$

47.30

$

2.58

2.41

1.98

2.35

57.91

$

48.40

$

44.86

$

67.41

$

2.58

2.41

1.98

2.83

22.24

$

20.35

$

17.71

$

19.37

$

4.75

3.25

9.83

255,042

43,008

262,210

3.96

4.63

9.44

252,625

42,721

259,745

3.33

4.69

36.12

247,103

44,315

254,489

4.13

5.44

19.99

282,250

38,305

288,634

70,606

22,955

74,432

90.74

4.07

90.82

3.99

23.84

6.25

5.83

21.83

362,335

452,402

437,735

4,982,440

1,155,538

5,164,741

1,187,787

5,332,576

1,214,428

5,501,175

1,237,603

5,697,642

3,035,286

$

4,723,222

$

4,471,299

$

4,274,578

$

5,885,533

$

12,690,156

3,216,652

1,141,777

3,365,077

648,165

3,372,634

468,448

4,263,606

1,248,912

6,503,194

5,703,856

37

 
Denbury Resources Inc.

(1)  Includes pre-tax impairments of assets of $810.9 million and $6.2 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively, and an accelerated depreciation charge of $591.0 million related to the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and 
related assets for the year ended December 31, 2016.

(2)  In September 2015, in light of the low oil price environment and our desire to maintain our financial strength and flexibility, 

the Company’s Board of Directors suspended our quarterly cash dividend.

(3)  Reflects the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-18, Statement 
of Cash Flows (“ASU 2016-18”), whereby changes in restricted cash are now included in the consolidated statements of cash 
flows.  We adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018, which has been applied retrospectively to all periods presented.

(4)  Lease operating expenses reported in this table include certain special items comprised of (1) lease operating expenses and 
related insurance recoveries recorded to remediate an area of Delhi Field in 2014 and 2015, (2) a reimbursement for a retroactive 
utility rate adjustment in 2015, and (3) other insurance recoveries in 2015.  If these special items are excluded, lease operating 
expenses would have totaled $528.8 million and $654.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, 
and lease operating expenses per BOE would have averaged $19.88 and $24.10 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 
2014, respectively.

(5)  Depletion, depreciation, and amortization during the year ended December 31, 2016 includes an accelerated depreciation 
charge of $591.0 million, or $25.23 per BOE, associated with the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and related assets.

(6)  Estimated proved reserves as of December 31, 2015, reflect negative reserve revisions of approximately 126 MMBOE (29%) 
in 2015 due to declines in the average first-day-of-the-month NYMEX oil price used to estimate reserves from $94.99 per 
Bbl at December 31, 2014, to $50.28 per Bbl at December 31, 2015.  In addition, the average first-day-of-the-month NYMEX 
natural gas price used to estimate reserves declined from $4.30 per MMBtu at December 31, 2014, to $2.63 per MMBtu at 
December 31, 2015.

(7)  Proved CO2 reserves in the Gulf Coast region consist of reserves from our reservoirs at Jackson Dome and are presented on 
a gross or 8/8ths working interest basis, of which our net revenue interest was approximately 4.0 Tcf, 4.1 Tcf, 4.2 Tcf, 4.4 Tcf 
and 4.5 Tcf at December 31, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and include reserves dedicated to volumetric 
production payments of 3.1 Bcf, 7.6 Bcf, 12.3 Bcf, 25.3 Bcf and 9.3 Bcf at December 31, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively (see Supplemental CO2 Disclosures (Unaudited) to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

(8)  Proved CO2 reserves in the Rocky Mountain region consist of our overriding royalty interest in LaBarge Field and at year-
end 2014 our reserves at Riley Ridge (presented on a gross (8/8ths) basis), of which our net revenue interest was approximately 
1.2 Tcf, 1.2 Tcf, 1.2 Tcf, 1.2 Tcf and 2.6 Tcf at December 31, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  As of December 31, 
2015, Riley Ridge CO2 and helium reserves were reclassified and are no longer considered proved reserves primarily as a 
result of the decline in average first-day-of-the-month natural gas prices utilized in preparing our December 31, 2015 reserve 
report.

38

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes 
thereto included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Information.  Our discussion and analysis includes forward-
looking information that involves risks and uncertainties and should be read in conjunction with Risk Factors under Item 1A of 
this Form 10-K, along with Forward-Looking Information at the end of this section for information on the risks and uncertainties 
that could cause our actual results to be materially different from our forward-looking statements.

OVERVIEW

Denbury is an independent oil and natural gas company with operations focused in two key operating areas: the Gulf Coast 
and Rocky Mountain regions.  Our goal is to increase the value of our properties through a combination of exploitation, drilling 
and proven engineering extraction practices, with the most significant emphasis relating to CO2 enhanced oil recovery operations.

Oil Price Impact on Our Business.  Our financial results are significantly impacted by changes in oil prices, as 97% of our 
production is oil.  Over the last year, NYMEX oil prices gradually improved from around $60 per Bbl at December 31, 2017 to 
around $70 per Bbl at the end of September 2018, before retreating to the low-$40’s in late December 2018.  NYMEX prices 
averaged approximately $65 per Bbl in 2018, compared to approximately $51 per Bbl in 2017, and $43 per Bbl in 2016.  Changes 
in oil prices impact all aspects of our business; most notably our cash flow from operations, revenues, and capital allocation and 
budgeting decisions.  For 2018, we remained disciplined with our capital spending despite oil prices averaging higher than our 
budgeted levels throughout most of the year.  Our 2018 capital expenditure level of $322.7 million was within our original budgeted 
range  of  $300  million  to  $325  million,  and  we  generated  approximately  $80  million  of  excess  cash  flow  after  considering 
development capital expenditures, capitalized interest and interest payments treated as repayment of debt in our financial statements.  
With this approximately $80 million of excess cash flow, debt exchanges and conversion of convertible debt, we were able to 
reduce our debt principal by $243.2 million during 2018, helping to further improve the Company’s financial condition.

During the first two months of 2019, oil prices have rebounded from the low-$40s at the end of 2018 to a level in the low-to-
mid $50s and for 2019 we have based our budget on a flat $50 oil price.  Our 2019 capital spending is budgeted in a range of $240 
million to $260 million, excluding capitalized interest and acquisitions, which is roughly a 23% decrease from our 2018 capital 
spending levels.  Assuming a flat $50 oil price, we expect that our cash flows from operations would be significantly higher than 
our capital budget and result in Denbury generating significant excess cash flow during 2019.  We have hedged over 60% of our 
estimated oil production in 2019 in order to protect against downward oil price volatility and to provide a degree of certainty in 
our 2019 estimated cash flow.  Based on this budgeted level of capital spending, we currently anticipate that our 2019 production 
will average between 56,000 and 60,000 BOE/d.  Additional information concerning our 2019 budget and plans is included below 
under Capital Resources and Liquidity – Overview.

2018 Highlights.   During 2018, we recognized net income of $322.7 million, or $0.71 per diluted common share, compared 
to net income of $163.2 million, or $0.41 per diluted common share, during 2017.  The primary drivers of our change in operating 
results between 2017 and 2018 were the following:

•  Oil and natural gas revenues increased by $332.9 million, or 31%, in 2018, driven by 31% higher realized commodity prices. 
•  Commodity derivative expense in 2018 decreased by $98.7 million as a result of a $226.1 million gain from noncash fair 
value adjustments between the periods, partially offset by a $127.5 million increase in payments for derivative settlements 
($175.2 million in payments on settlements during 2018 compared to $47.8 million during 2017).

Our 2017 net income also included the effect of a one-time deferred tax benefit of $132.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 
resulting from the reduction of the federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% as enacted by the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “Act”) 
in December 2017.

We generated $529.7 million of cash flow from operating activities during 2018, compared to $267.1 million during 2017, 
due primarily to a $332.9 million increase in revenues due to higher oil prices, offset in part by a $127.5 million increase in cash 
outflows due to derivative settlements.

Agreement to Acquire Penn Virginia Corporation.  On October 28, 2018, we entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan 
of  Merger  (the  “Merger Agreement”)  with  Penn  Virginia  Corporation  (NASDAQ:  PVAC)  (“Penn  Virginia”).    The  Merger 

39

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Agreement provides for us to acquire Penn Virginia in a stock and cash transaction (the “Merger”) valued (based upon Denbury’s 
per share closing price on the NYSE on October 26, 2018) at approximately $1.7 billion, including the assumption of Penn Virginia 
debt outstanding as of the date of the Merger Agreement.  In the aggregate, $400 million in cash and approximately 191.8 million 
shares of Denbury Common Stock are expected to be paid as merger consideration.  For further information see our Form 8-K 
and exhibits thereto filed with the Commission on October 29, 2018.

The Merger is subject to approval by the shareholders of Penn Virginia and to approval by Denbury’s stockholders of the 
issuance of Denbury common stock (“Denbury Common Stock”) in the Merger and an amendment to Denbury’s charter to increase 
its  authorized  shares.    Consummation  of  the  Merger  is  also  subject  to  other  customary  mutual  closing  conditions,  which  are 
described in the above-referenced Form 8-K.

In connection with the Merger Agreement, Denbury has received a commitment letter from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
subject to certain funding conditions, for a proposed new $1.2 billion senior secured revolving credit facility with a maturity date 
of December 9, 2021 and a $400 million senior secured second lien bridge facility to be available to the extent Denbury does not 
secure alternate financing prior to April 30, 2019.  These two new debt financings are expected to be used to fully or partially fund 
the $400 million cash portion of the consideration in the Merger, potentially retire and replace Penn Virginia’s $200 million second 
lien term loan, replace Penn Virginia’s existing bank credit facility, which had $321 million drawn and outstanding as of December 
31, 2018, and pay fees and expenses.

The Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights for both Denbury and Penn Virginia, including, among others, if 
the Merger is not completed by April 30, 2019.  On a termination of the Merger Agreement under certain circumstances, Penn 
Virginia may be required to pay Denbury a termination fee of $45 million, or Denbury may be required to pay Penn Virginia a 
termination fee of $45 million.

Consummation of the Merger and the related financing would have a significant impact on all aspects of our results of operations 

and financial condition.

Extension of Senior Secured Bank Credit Facility.  In August 2018, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Bank 
Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”) which primarily extended the maturity date from December 9, 2019 to December 9, 
2021 and reduced the borrowing base and total commitments from $1.05 billion to $615 million.  At December 31, 2018, we had 
no outstanding borrowings on our Bank Credit Facility and $38.6 million cash on hand.  See Capital Resources and Liquidity –
 Senior Secured Bank Credit Facility for further discussion.

Issuance of 7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024.  In August 2018, we issued $450.0 million of 7½% Senior 
Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Senior Secured Notes”).  The 2024 Senior Secured Notes, which bear interest at 
a rate of 7.50% per annum, were issued at par to repay outstanding borrowings on our Bank Credit Agreement, with additional 
proceeds used for general corporate purposes (see Note 6, Long-Term Debt, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional 
details).

2018 Debt Reduction.  During 2018, we reduced our debt principal by $184.9 million through debt exchange transactions 

and the conversion into common stock of convertible senior debt as follows:

•  During January 2018, we reduced debt principal by $40.8 million through an exchange transaction, in which institutional 

holders exchanged $174.3 million aggregate principal amount of our subordinated debt for:
– 

$74.1 million aggregate principal amount of 9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022 (the “2022 Senior Secured 
Notes”) and
$59.4 million aggregate principal amount of 5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Convertible Senior Notes”)

– 

• 

In April and May 2018, we reduced debt principal by $144.1 million when holders of all outstanding 3½% Convertible Senior 
Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Convertible Senior Notes”) and 2023 Convertible Senior Notes, issued in the exchange above and 
another exchange completed in December 2017, converted their notes into shares of Denbury common stock, at rates specified 
in the indentures for the notes, which resulted in the issuance of 55.2 million shares of our common stock upon conversion.  
As of April 18, 2018 and May 30, 2018, there were no remaining 2024 Convertible Senior Notes or 2023 Convertible Senior 
Notes outstanding, with the conversion of these notes saving the Company annual cash interest payments of $5.9 million.

40

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Sanctioning of CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery Development at Cedar Creek Anticline.  In June 2018, we announced the 
sanctioning of the CO2 enhanced oil recovery development project at Cedar Creek Anticline.  The capital outlay for the initial 
phase of the project is currently estimated at $300 million through 2022, which includes $150 million for a 110-mile extension of 
the Greencore CO2 pipeline from Bell Creek Field that will be spread over 2018 through 2020, with roughly two-thirds of the cost 
expected to be incurred in 2020, and $150 million for development in the Red River formation at East Lookout Butte and Cedar 
Hills South fields.  First tertiary production is currently expected in the second half of 2022 or early 2023.

Exploitation Drilling Update.  Following the success of our first exploitation horizontal well in the Mission Canyon interval 
at Cedar Creek Anticline at the end of 2017, we continued and expanded this program into 2018.  To date, we have drilled seven 
successful Mission Canyon exploitation wells and a successful initial test well in Cabin Creek’s Charles B formation.  We continue 
to evaluate the Charles B formation and believe it has characteristics that would make it a good candidate for secondary or tertiary 
flooding.  Our 2019 development plans for Cedar Creek Anticline include up to four additional Mission Canyon wells and a 
potential Charles B follow-up well.  At Tinsley Field, we completed a total of two wells in the Perry Sand interval during 2018 
and the first quarter of 2019.  Overall, the two Perry wells were successful; however, we plan to evaluate the economics and 
performance of these wells before drilling any additional wells.  In December 2018, we spudded our first well in the Cotton Valley 
interval at Tinsley Field and currently expect to complete this well during the first quarter of 2019.  We continue to evaluate 
exploitation opportunities in additional horizons underlying the existing CO2 EOR flood at Tinsley Field.  Finally, we are currently 
evaluating exploitation opportunities within oil-bearing formations at Conroe Field, and currently plan to drill a test well within 
the 2A Sand interval during 2019.

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

Overview.  Our primary sources of capital and liquidity are our cash flows from operations and availability of borrowing 
capacity under our senior secured bank credit facility.  During 2018, we generated cash flows from operations of $529.7 million, 
while incurring capital expenditures of $322.7 million, resulting in approximately $80 million of cash flow after considering 
capitalized interest and interest payments treated as repayment of debt.  Over the last several years of generally lower oil prices 
and high volatility, we have remained focused on our disciplined approach of living within cash flow and preserving liquidity 
under our bank line.  During this time, we have also remained focused on improving the Company’s financial position, and our 
efforts resulted in a reduction of $243.2 million in our debt principal since year-end 2017 and a reduction of over $1 billion since 
the end of 2014. 

In total, we have reduced our outstanding debt principal, net of cash by nearly $1.1 billion between December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2018, primarily through debt exchanges, opportunistic open market debt repurchases, and the conversion in the 
second quarter of 2018 of all of our outstanding convertible senior notes into common stock.  We also remain keenly focused on 
continuing to improve our overall leverage metrics.  Our leverage metrics have improved considerably over the past year, due 
primarily to our cost reduction efforts, continued improvement in oil prices and our overall reduction in debt.  In conjunction with 
our efforts to improve the Company’s balance sheet, we may have discussions with bondholders from time to time regarding 
potential debt reduction or maturity extension transactions of various types.

For 2019, we have budgeted capital expenditures in a range of $240 million to $260 million, which is significantly less that 
our anticipated cash flow from operations utilizing a flat $50/Bbl NYMEX oil price.  We also have oil price hedges on over 60% 
of our estimated 2019 production, protecting a portion of our cash flows in case we experience another significant drop in oil 
prices.  Therefore, we believe we have ample liquidity from the free cash flow we project to generate at $50/Bbl oil, or even lower 
prices, in 2019, and the approximate $553.0 million of liquidity available under our bank credit facility to cover any excess working 
capital needs.  As discussed above in “Overview – Agreement to Acquire Penn Virginia Corporation,” we have signed a definitive 
agreement to acquire Penn Virginia, and votes by holders of Penn Virginia and our common stock are scheduled to take place in 
mid-April 2019.  The primary source of cash for the proposed acquisition of Penn Virginia is anticipated to be a new $1.2 billion 
senior secured revolving credit facility with a maturity date of December 9, 2021 (or earlier in 2021 in certain circumstances), 
which would replace our existing facility, and a $400 million senior secured second lien bridge facility to be available to the extent 
Denbury does not secure alternate financing prior to April 30, 2019.  These two new debt financings are expected to be used to 
fully or partially fund the $400 million cash portion of the consideration in the acquisition, potentially retire and replace Penn 
Virginia’s $200 million second lien term loan, replace Penn Virginia’s existing bank credit facility, which had $321 million drawn 
and outstanding as of December 31, 2018, and pay fees and expenses.

41

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Looking forward, we plan to continue our focus of living within cash flow, while seeking opportunities to further reduce our 
leverage and improve the Company’s financial condition.  Our first maturities of debt are not until 2021, so we plan to continue 
our efforts to reduce debt and extend maturities of our debt over the next two years.  We believe the acquisition of Penn Virginia 
would significantly improve Denbury’s operating results and balance sheet by creating a combination of short-cycle investment 
opportunities  in  Penn Virginia’s  Eagle  Ford  Shale  acreage  and  Denbury’s  lower-declining  EOR  focused  asset  base,  with  the 
opportunity to apply Denbury’s technical EOR knowledge and capabilities to enhance the long-term development potential of 
Penn Virginia’s Eagle Ford acreage.  As a combined entity, Denbury plans to continue to spend within cash flow and remain focused 
on the same core objectives.  If the merger is not approved by the shareholders of both companies, Denbury will execute its 2019 
plans on a stand-alone basis and remain focused on these same key objectives.

During 2018, the Company’s financial and liquidity position improved through the extension and repayment of its senior 
secured bank credit facility.  In August 2018, we issued $450.0 million of 2024 Senior Secured Notes, with a portion of the proceeds 
utilized to fully repay outstanding borrowings on our senior secured bank credit facility.  As of December 31, 2018, we had no 
outstanding borrowings on our senior secured bank credit facility and $38.6 million of cash and cash equivalents, compared to 
$475.0 million of borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2017 with nominal cash at that date.  Also in August 2018, we 
entered into the Sixth Amendment to our senior secured bank credit facility.  As part of this amendment, we streamlined our bank 
group from 24 to 14 banks and reduced our borrowing base and total commitments from $1.05 billion to $615 million; therefore, 
as of December 31, 2018, we had $553.0 million of borrowing base availability after consideration of $62.0 million of outstanding 
letters of credit. 

Senior Secured Bank Credit Facility.  In December 2014, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and other lenders party thereto (as amended, the “Bank Credit Agreement”).  
In August 2018, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Bank Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), pursuant to which 
the following changes were made to the Bank Credit Agreement:

•  The maturity date was extended from December 9, 2019 to December 9, 2021, provided that the maturity date may occur 
earlier (between February 2021 and August 2021) if the 9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due in May 2021 (“2021 
Senior Secured Notes”) or 6 % Senior Subordinated Notes due in August 2021 are not repaid or refinanced by their respective 
maturity dates; 

•  The borrowing base and total commitments were reduced from $1.05 billion to $615 million in connection with a reduction 

in the number of lenders party to the Bank Credit Facility;

•  The amount of junior lien debt we can incur was increased from $1.2 billion to $1.65 billion outstanding in the aggregate at 

any one time; and

•  A Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX financial maintenance covenant was added with a ratio not to exceed 

5.25 to 1.0 through December 31, 2020, and 4.50 to 1.0 thereafter through the maturity date. 

At December 31, 2018, in addition to the Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX covenant added with the Sixth 
Amendment, the Bank Credit Agreement contained certain financial performance covenants through the maturity of the facility, 
including the following:

•  A consolidated senior secured debt to consolidated EBITDAX covenant, with such ratio not to exceed 2.5 to 1.0.  Currently, 

only debt under our Bank Credit Agreement is considered consolidated senior secured debt for purposes of this ratio;

•  A minimum permitted ratio of consolidated EBITDAX to consolidated interest charges of 1.25 to 1.0; and
•  A requirement to maintain a current ratio of 1.0 to 1.0.

Under these financial performance covenant calculations, as of December 31, 2018, our ratio of consolidated total debt to 
consolidated EBITDAX was 4.24 to 1.0 (based on a maximum permitted ratio of 5.25 to 1.0), our ratio of consolidated senior 
secured  debt  to  consolidated  EBITDAX  was  0.00  to  1.0  (based  upon  a  maximum  permitted  ratio  of  2.5  to  1.0),  our  ratio  of 
consolidated EBITDAX to consolidated interest charges was 3.13 to 1.0 (based upon a required ratio of not less than 1.25 to 1.0), 
and our current ratio was 2.91 to 1.0 (based upon a required ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1.0).  Based upon our currently forecasted 
levels of production and costs, hedges in place as of February 26, 2019, and current oil commodity futures prices, we currently 
anticipate continuing to be in compliance with our financial performance covenants during the foreseeable future.

The above description of our Bank Credit Agreement is qualified by the express language and defined terms contained in the 
Bank Credit Agreement and the amendments thereto, each of which are filed as exhibits to our periodic reports filed with the SEC.

42

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

As an additional source of potential liquidity, the Company has been engaged in two asset sale processes.  In the first process, 
we continue to market for sale approximately 4,000 acres of surface land with no active oil and gas operations in the Houston area.  
We remain focused on a strategy that we believe will ultimately yield the highest value for the land, and we expect most of that 
value to be realized over the next couple of years.  During 2018, we consummated approximately $5 million of land sales and 
currently have signed agreements for another $9 million that we expect to close in 2019.  In the second process, in early 2018 we 
began the process of portfolio optimization through the marketing of mature properties located in Mississippi and Louisiana and 
Citronelle Field in Alabama, and completed the sale of Lockhart Crossing Field for net proceeds of $4.1 million during the third 
quarter of 2018.  The decline in oil prices and our focus on the Penn Virginia transaction stalled our process in the fourth quarter 
of 2018, but we plan to continue evaluating our options with these fields as oil prices improve.  The pace and outcome of any sales 
of the remaining assets cannot be predicted at this time, but their successful completion could provide additional liquidity for 
financial or operational uses. 

2019 Capital Spending.  We currently anticipate that our full-year 2019 capital budget, excluding capitalized interest and 
acquisitions, will be approximately $240 million to $260 million, roughly a 23% decrease from 2018 capital spending levels of 
$322.7 million.  We anticipate our 2019 capital budget could be increased or decreased if oil prices and our resultant cash flows 
were to meaningfully change.  Capitalized interest is currently estimated at between $30 million and $40 million for 2019.  The 
2019 capital budget, excluding capitalized interest and acquisitions, provides for approximate spending as follows:

• 
• 
• 
• 

$100 million allocated for tertiary oil field expenditures;
$70 million allocated for other areas, primarily non-tertiary oil field expenditures including exploitation;
$30 million to be spent on CO2 sources and pipelines; and
$50 million for other capital items such as capitalized internal acquisition, exploration and development costs and pre-
production tertiary startup costs.

Based upon our currently forecasted levels of production and costs, commodity hedges in place, and current oil commodity 
futures prices, we intend to fund our development capital spending with cash flow from operations, with any shortfall funded with 
incremental  borrowings  under  our  Bank  Credit Agreement,  under  which  as  of  December 31,  2018,  we  had  ample  available 
borrowing capacity to cover any foreseeable cash flow shortfall.  If prices were to decrease or changes in operating results were 
to cause a reduction in anticipated 2019 cash flows significantly below our currently forecasted operating cash flows, we would 
likely reduce our capital expenditures.  If we reduce our capital spending due to lower cash flows, any sizeable reduction would 
likely lower our anticipated production levels in future years.

Capital Expenditure Summary.  The following table reflects incurred capital expenditures (including accrued capital) for 

the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:

In thousands

Capital expenditures by project

Tertiary oil fields

Non-tertiary fields
Capitalized internal costs(1)

Oil and natural gas capital expenditures

CO2 pipelines, sources and other
Capital expenditures, before acquisitions and capitalized interest

Acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties

Capital expenditures, before capitalized interest

Capitalized interest

Capital expenditures, total

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

142,560

$

129,458

$

119,117

104,811
46,599

293,970

28,700

322,670

541

323,211

37,079

53,647
52,616

235,721

5,105

240,826

88,777

329,603

30,762

31,034
56,260

206,411

2,235

208,646

11,706

220,352

25,982

$

360,290

$

360,365

$

246,334

(1)  Includes capitalized internal acquisition, exploration and development costs and pre-production tertiary startup costs.

43

 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Commitments and Obligations.  A summary of our obligations at December 31, 2018, is presented in the following table:

In thousands

Contractual obligations

Estimated interest payments on
senior secured bank credit facility,
senior secured second lien notes
and subordinated debt

Senior secured debt (principal
balance)
Subordinated debt (principal
balance)
Operating lease obligations

Pipeline and capital lease
obligations including interest
component
Other obligations(1)
Asset retirement obligations(2)

2019

2020 and 2021

2022 and 2023

Thereafter

Total

Payments Due by Period

$

178,533

$

317,444

$

105,765

$

4,313

$

606,055

—

—

10,690

32,369

61,213

2,115

614,919

203,545

19,783

54,863

160,801

1,442

455,668

622,640

20,485

55,770

73,425

17,740

450,000

—

18,169

113,439

84,577

781,249

1,520,587

826,185

69,127

256,441

380,016

802,546

Total contractual obligations

$

284,920

$

1,372,797

$

1,351,493

$

1,451,747

$

4,460,957

(1)  Represents future cash commitments under contracts in place as of December 31, 2018, primarily for purchase contracts for 
CO2 captured from industrial sources, drilling rig services and well-related costs.  As is common in our industry, we commit 
to  make  certain  expenditures  on  a  regular  basis  as  part  of  our  ongoing  development  and  exploration  program.  These 
commitments generally relate to projects that occur during the subsequent several months and are usually part of our normal 
operating expenses or part of our capital budget (see 2019 Capital Spending above).  We also have recurring expenditures for 
such  things  as  accounting,  engineering  and  legal  fees;  software  maintenance;  subscriptions;  and  other  overhead-type 
items.  Normally these expenditures do not change materially on an aggregate basis from year to year and are part of our 
general and administrative expenses.  We have not attempted to estimate the amounts of these types of recurring expenditures 
in this table, as most could be quickly canceled with regard to any specific vendor, even though the expense itself may be 
required for our ongoing normal operations.  For further discussion of our long-term commitments to purchase CO2, see Note 
12, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)  Represents the estimated future asset retirement obligations on an undiscounted basis.  The present value of the discounted 
asset retirement obligation is $176.6 million, as determined under the Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations topic 
of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification (“FASC”), and is further discussed in Note 4, Asset Retirement 
Obligations, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.  We have several operating leases relating to office space and other minor equipment 
leases.  At December 31, 2018, we had a total of $62.0 million of letters of credit outstanding under our senior secured bank credit 
facility.  Additionally,  we  have  obligations  for  development  and  exploratory  expenditures  that  arise  from  our  normal  capital 
expenditure program or from other transactions common to our industry, none of which are recorded on our balance sheet.  These 
obligations are further described in Commitments and Obligations above.  In addition, in order to recover our undeveloped proved 
reserves, we must also fund the associated future development costs estimated in our proved reserve reports, which are only 
included in the table above to the extent we have firm contracts.  For a further discussion of our future development costs, see 
Supplemental Oil and Natural Gas Disclosures (Unaudited) to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

FINANCIAL OVERVIEW OF TERTIARY OPERATIONS

As discussed in Item 1, Business and Properties – Oil and Natural Gas Operations – Enhanced Oil Recovery Overview above, 
our tertiary operations represent a significant portion of our overall operations and have become our primary strategic focus.  The 
economics of a tertiary field and the related impact on our financial statements differ from a conventional oil and gas play and are 
explained further below.

While it is difficult to accurately forecast future production, we believe our tertiary recovery operations provide significant 
long-term production growth potential at reasonable return metrics, with relatively low risk, assuming crude oil prices are at levels 
that support the development of those projects.  We have been developing tertiary oil properties for over 19 years, and the financial 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

impact of such operations is reflected in our historical financial statements.  The summary below highlights our observations 
regarding how tertiary operations have impacted our financial statements.

Finding and Development Costs.  We currently expect finding and development costs (including future development and 
abandonment costs but excluding CO2 pipeline infrastructure capital expenditures) over the life of each field to be competitive 
with the industry average costs for other oil properties.  See the definition of finding and development costs in the Glossary and 
Selected Abbreviations.

Timing of Capital Costs.  When initiating a new tertiary flood, there generally is a delay between the initial capital expenditures 
and the resulting production increases.  We must build facilities, and often a CO2 pipeline to the field, before CO2 flooding can 
commence,  and  it  usually  takes  six  to  twelve months  before  the  field  responds  to  the  injection  of  CO2  (i.e.,  oil  production 
commences).  Further, we may spend significant amounts of capital before we can recognize any proved reserves from fields we 
flood and, even after a field has proved reserves, significant amounts of additional capital will usually be required to fully develop 
the field.

Recognition of Proved Reserves.  In order to recognize proved tertiary oil reserves, we must either demonstrate production 
resulting from the tertiary process or the field must be analogous to an existing tertiary flood.  The magnitude of proved reserves 
that we can book in any given year will depend on our progress with new floods, the timing of the production response from new 
floods and the performance of our existing floods.  Typically, a high percentage of the potential reserves for a tertiary field are 
recognized when a production response is initially observed, and generally only modest changes are made thereafter.

Production Rates.  The production rate at a tertiary flood can vary from quarter to quarter, as a tertiary field’s production 
may increase rapidly when wells respond to the CO2, plateau temporarily, and then resume growth as additional areas of the field 
are developed.  During a tertiary flood life cycle, facility capacity is increased from time to time, which occasionally requires 
temporary shutdowns during installation, thereby causing temporary declines in production.  We also find it difficult to precisely 
predict when any given well will respond to the injected CO2, as the CO2 seldom travels through the rock consistently due to 
heterogeneity in the oil-bearing formations.  With the low oil prices over the past several years, our pace of development has 
generally slowed, thereby leading to a less consistent growth pattern.  We find all of these fluctuations to be normal, and generally 
expect oil production at a tertiary field to increase over time until the field is fully developed, albeit sometimes in inconsistent 
patterns.  

Operating Costs.  Tertiary projects may be more expensive to operate than traditional industry operations because of the cost 
of injecting and recycling the CO2 (primarily due to the cost of the CO2 and the significant energy requirements to re-compress 
the CO2 back into a near-liquid state for re-injection purposes).  The costs of our CO2 and the electricity required to recycle and 
inject this CO2 comprise nearly half of our typical tertiary operating expenses.  Since these costs vary along with commodity and 
commercial electricity prices, they are highly variable and will increase in a high-commodity-price environment and decrease in 
a low-price environment.  Most of our CO2 operating costs are allocated to our tertiary oil fields and recorded as lease operating 
expenses (following the commencement of tertiary oil production) at the time the CO2 is injected.  These costs have historically 
represented approximately 20% to 25% of the total operating costs for our tertiary operations.  Since we expense all of the operating 
costs to produce and inject our CO2 (following the commencement of tertiary oil production), operating costs per barrel for a new 
flood will be higher at the inception of CO2 injection projects because of minimal related oil production at that time.

45

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Operating Results Table

Certain of our operating results and statistics for each of the last three years are included in the following table.

In thousands, except per share and unit data

Operating results

Net income (loss)(1)
Net income (loss) per common share – basic(1)
Net income (loss) per common share – diluted(1)
Net cash provided by operating activities

Average daily production volumes

Bbls/d

Mcf/d

BOE/d

Operating revenues

Oil sales

Natural gas sales

Total oil and natural gas sales
Commodity derivative contracts(2)

Receipt (payment) on settlements of commodity derivatives
Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives(3)

Commodity derivatives income (expense)

Unit prices – excluding impact of derivative settlements

Oil price per Bbl

Natural gas price per Mcf

Unit prices – including impact of derivative settlements(2)

Oil price per Bbl

Natural gas price per Mcf

Oil and natural gas operating expenses

Lease operating expenses

Marketing expenses, net of third-party purchases, and plant operating 
expenses(4)
Production and ad valorem taxes

Oil and natural gas operating revenues and expenses per BOE

Oil and natural gas revenues

Lease operating expenses

Marketing expenses, net of third-party purchases, and plant operating 
expenses(4)
Production and ad valorem taxes

CO2 sources – revenues and expenses
CO2 sales and transportation fees
CO2 discovery and operating expenses
CO2 revenue and expenses, net

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

322,698

$

163,152

$

(976,177)

0.75

0.71

0.42

0.41

(2.61)

(2.61)

529,685

267,143

219,223

58,532

10,854

60,341

58,410

11,329

60,298

1,412,358

10,231

1,422,589

$

$

1,079,703

9,963

1,089,666

$

$

61,440

15,378

64,003

924,618

11,133

935,751

(175,248) $

(47,795) $

84,181

(29,781)

(77,576) $

(212,125)

(127,944)

196,335

21,087

66.11

2.58

$

$

50.64

$

2.41

57.91

$

48.40

$

2.58

2.41

41.12

1.98

44.86

1.98

489,720

$

447,799

$

414,937

39,147

96,589

39,617

79,198

64.59

$

22.24

49.51

$

20.35

2.27

4.39

1.80

3.60

31,145

(2,816)

28,329

$

$

26,182

(3,099)

23,083

$

$

45,151

68,878

39.95

17.71

1.92

2.94

24,816

(3,374)

21,442

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

(1)  Includes pre-tax full-cost pool ceiling test write-downs of our oil and natural gas properties of $810.9 million and an accelerated 
depreciation charge of $591.0 million related to the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and related assets for the year ended 
December 31, 2016.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(2)  See also Commodity Derivative Contracts below and Market Risk Management for information concerning our commodity 

derivative transactions.

(3)  Noncash  fair  value  gains  (losses)  on  commodity  derivatives  is  a  non-GAAP  measure  and  is  different  from  “Commodity 
derivatives expense (income)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in that the noncash fair value gains (losses) on 
commodity derivatives represent only the net changes between periods of the fair market values of commodity derivative 
positions,  and  exclude  the  impact  of  settlements  on  commodity  derivatives  during  the  period,  which  were  payments  on 
settlements of $175.2 million and $47.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and receipts 
on settlements of $84.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.  We believe that noncash fair value gains (losses) on 
commodity  derivatives  is  a  useful  supplemental  disclosure  to  “Commodity  derivatives  expense  (income)”  in  order  to 
differentiate noncash fair market value adjustments from receipts or payments upon settlements on commodity derivatives 
during the period.  This supplemental disclosure is widely used within the industry and by securities analysts, banks and credit 
rating agencies in calculating EBITDA and in adjusting net income (loss) to present those measures on a comparative basis 
across companies, as well as to assess compliance with certain debt covenants.  Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity 
derivatives is not a measure of financial or operating performance under GAAP, nor should it be considered in isolation or as 
a  substitute  for  “Commodity  derivatives  expense  (income)”  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations.    See  also  the 
Glossary and Selected Abbreviations for the definition of noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives.

(4)  Represents “Marketing and plant operating expenses” as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations excluding 

expenses for purchases of oil from third parties.

47

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Production 

Average daily production by area for 2018, 2017 and 2016, and for each of the quarters of 2018, is shown below:

Operating Area

Tertiary oil production

Gulf Coast region

Delhi 

Hastings

Heidelberg

Oyster Bayou

Tinsley

Other
Mature properties(1)

Total Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Bell Creek
Salt Creek(2) 
Other

Total Rocky Mountain region

Total tertiary oil production

Non-tertiary oil and gas production

Gulf Coast region

Mississippi

Texas

Other

Total Gulf Coast region

Rocky Mountain region

Cedar Creek Anticline

Other

Total Rocky Mountain region

Total non-tertiary production

Total continuing production

Property sales

Property divestitures(3)

Total production

Average Daily Production (BOE/d)

2018 Quarters

Year Ended December 31,

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

2018

2017

2016

4,169

5,704

4,445

5,056

6,053

57

6,726

32,210

4,050

2,002

—

6,052

38,262

875

4,386

431

5,692

14,437

1,485

15,922

21,614

59,876

462

60,338

4,391

5,716

4,330

4,961

5,755

142

6,725

4,383

5,486

4,376

4,578

5,294

240

6,612

4,526

5,480

4,269

4,785

5,033

375

6,748

4,368

5,596

4,355

4,843

5,530

205

6,702

32,020

30,969

31,216

31,599

4,010

2,049

—

6,059

38,079

901

4,947

388

6,236

15,742

1,490

17,232

23,468

61,547

447

61,994

3,970

2,274

6

6,250

37,219

1,038

4,533

421

5,992

14,208

1,409

15,617

21,609

58,828

353

59,181

4,421

2,107

20

6,548

37,764

1,023

4,319

457

5,799

14,961

1,343

16,304

22,103

59,867

—

59,867

4,113

2,109

7

6,229

37,828

960

4,546

424

5,930

14,837

1,431

16,268

22,198

60,026

315

60,341

4,869

4,830

4,851

5,007

6,430

13

7,078

33,078

3,313

1,115

—

4,428

37,506

981

4,493

478

5,952

14,754

1,537

16,291

22,243

59,749

549

60,298

4,155

4,829

5,128

5,083

7,192

11

8,241

34,639

3,121

—

—

3,121

37,760

850

4,906

515

6,271

16,322

1,844

18,166

24,437

62,197

1,806

64,003

(1)  Mature properties include Brookhaven, Cranfield, Eucutta, Little Creek, Mallalieu, Martinville, McComb and Soso fields.

(2)  Represents production related to the acquisition of a 23% non-operated working interest in Salt Creek Field in Wyoming, 

which closed on June 30, 2017.

(3)  Includes production from Lockhart Crossing Field sold in the third quarter of 2018, non-tertiary production in the Rocky 
Mountain region related to the sale of remaining non-core assets in the Williston Basin of North Dakota and Montana, which 
closed in the third quarter of 2016, and other minor property divestitures.

48

 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Total Production

Total continuing production during 2018 averaged 60,026 BOE/d, including 37,828 Bbls/d from tertiary properties and 22,198
BOE/d from non-tertiary properties.  Total continuing production excludes production from Lockhart Crossing Field sold in the 
third quarter of 2018, which production totaled 315 BOE/d and 549 BOE/d during 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Our 2018 total 
continuing production level represents a slight increase of 277 BOE/d compared to 2017 levels, most significantly attributable to 
a 1,801 BOE/d increase from our Rocky Mountain region tertiary properties, partially offset by declines in our Gulf Coast tertiary 
properties.

Our production during 2018 was 97% oil, consistent with 2017 and slightly higher than 96% for 2016.  We currently anticipate 
2019 average daily production will decrease slightly from our average 2018 production rate, with an expected range of between 
56,000 BOE/d and 60,000 BOE/d.

Tertiary Production

Continuing oil production from our tertiary operations averaged 37,828 Bbls/d during 2018, an increase of 322 Bbls/d (1%) 
compared  to  2017  levels,  as  production  increases  from  the  redevelopment  project  in  mid-2017  at  Hastings  Field,  continued 
expansion at Bell Creek Field, and a full year of production from the mid-2017 acquisition at Salt Creek Field were partially offset 
by natural production declines at Tinsley, Heidelberg, and our mature fields in the Gulf Coast region.

Non-Tertiary Production

Continuing production from our non-tertiary operations averaged 22,198 BOE/d during 2018, essentially unchanged compared 
to 2017 levels, as production from our Mission Canyon exploitation wells offset natural production declines at other non-tertiary 
properties.

Oil and Natural Gas Revenues 

Oil and natural gas revenues increased 31% between 2017 and 2018 and increased 16% between 2016 and 2017.  The changes 
in our oil and natural gas revenues are due to changes in production quantities and commodity prices (excluding any impact of 
our commodity derivative contracts), as reflected in the following table:

In thousands

Change in oil and natural gas revenues due to:

Increase (decrease) in production

Increase in commodity prices

Total increase in oil and natural gas revenues

Year Ended December 31,
2018 vs. 2017

Year Ended December 31,
2017 vs. 2016

Increase in
Revenues

Percentage
Increase in
Revenues

Increase
(Decrease) in
Revenues

Percentage
Increase
(Decrease) in
Revenues

$

$

765

332,158

332,923

0% $

31%

(56,574)
210,489

31% $

153,915

(6)%

22 %

16 %

49

 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Excluding  any  impact  of  our  commodity  derivative  contracts,  our  average  net  realized  commodity  prices  and  NYMEX 

differentials were as follows during 2018, 2017 and 2016:

Average net realized prices

Oil price per Bbl

Natural gas price per Mcf

Price per BOE

Average NYMEX differentials

Gulf Coast region

      Oil per Bbl

Natural gas per Mcf

 Rocky Mountain region

Oil per Bbl

      Natural gas per Mcf

Total Company

Oil per Bbl

Natural gas per Mcf

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

66.11

$

50.64

$

2.58

64.59

2.41

49.51

$

$

$

$

2.94

0.09

(1.50) $
(1.06)

$

1.30
(0.49)

$

0.22
(0.04)

(1.39) $
(1.15)

(0.32) $
(0.61)

41.12

1.98

39.95

(1.42)
(0.52)

(3.97)
(0.66)

(2.29)
(0.58)

Prices received in a regional market fluctuate frequently and can differ from NYMEX pricing due to a variety of reasons, 

including supply and/or demand factors, crude oil quality, and location differentials.

•  Gulf Coast Region.  Our average NYMEX oil differential in the Gulf Coast region was a positive $2.94 per Bbl and a 
positive $0.22 per Bbl during 2018 and 2017, respectively.  These differentials are impacted significantly by the changes 
in prices received for our crude oil sold under LLS index prices relative to the changes in NYMEX prices, as well as 
various other factors such as those noted above.  The average LLS-to-NYMEX differential (on a trade-month basis) 
averaged  a  positive  $4.91  per  Bbl  and  $2.85  per  Bbl  during  2018  and  2017,  respectively.    During  2018,  we  sold 
approximately 60% of our crude oil at prices based on, or partially tied to, the LLS index price, and the balance at prices 
based on various other indexes tied to NYMEX prices, primarily in the Rocky Mountain region.

•  Rocky  Mountain  Region.    NYMEX  oil  differentials  in  the  Rocky  Mountain  region  averaged  $1.50  per  Bbl  below 
NYMEX during 2018, compared to an average differential of $1.39 per Bbl below NYMEX in 2017.  Differentials in the 
Rocky Mountain region can fluctuate significantly on a month-to-month basis due to weather, refinery or transportation 
issues, and Canadian and U.S. crude oil price index volatility.

Commodity Derivative Contracts 

From time to time, we enter into oil derivative contracts to provide an economic hedge of our exposure to commodity price 
risk associated with anticipated future oil production and to provide more certainty to our future cash flows.  These contracts have 
historically consisted of price floors, collars, three-way collars, fixed-price swaps, fixed-price swaps enhanced with a sold put, 
and basis swaps.

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the impact our commodity derivative contracts had on our operating results for 2018, 2017

and 2016:

In thousands

2018

Payment on settlements of commodity derivatives
Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives(1)

Commodity derivatives income (expense)

2017

Receipt (payment) on settlements of commodity derivatives
Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives(1)

Commodity derivatives income (expense)

2016

Receipt (payment) on settlements of commodity derivatives
Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives(1)

Commodity derivatives income (expense)

$

$

$

$

$

$

Three Months Ended

March 31

June 30

September 30 December 31

Full Year

(33,357) $

(54,770) $

(61,611) $

(25,510) $ (175,248)

(15,468)

(41,429)

17,034

236,198

196,335

(48,825) $

(96,199) $

(44,577) $

210,688

$

21,087

(26,940) $

(11,767) $

89

$

(9,177) $

(47,795)

51,542

22,140

(25,352)

(78,111)

(29,781)

24,602

$

10,373

$

(25,263) $

(87,288) $

(77,576)

72,227

$

52,026

$

(7,295) $

(32,777) $

84,181

(95,053)

(150,235)

28,519

4,644

(212,125)

(22,826) $

(98,209) $

21,224

$

(28,133) $ (127,944)

(1)  Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives is a non-GAAP measure.  See Operating Results Table above for 
a  discussion  of  the  reconciliation  between  noncash  fair  value  gains  (losses)  on  commodity  derivatives  to  “Commodity 
derivatives expense (income)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  See also the Glossary and Selected Abbreviations 
for the definition of noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives.

In order to provide a level of price protection to a portion of our oil production, we have hedged a portion of our estimated 
oil production through 2019 and also have begun to enter into additional contracts for 2020 using both NYMEX and LLS fixed-
price swaps and three-way collars.  See Note 10, Commodity Derivative Contracts, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 
additional details of our outstanding commodity derivative contracts as of December 31, 2018, and Market Risk Management
below for additional discussion.  In addition, the following table summarizes our oil derivative contracts as of February 26, 2019:

WTI
NYMEX

Fixed-Price
Swaps

Volumes Hedged (Bbls/d)

Swap Price(1)

Argus LLS Volumes Hedged (Bbls/d)

Fixed-Price
Swaps

WTI
NYMEX

Swap Price(1)

Volumes Hedged (Bbls/d)

Jan. 2019

Feb. 2019

Mar. – June 
2019

2H 2019

2020

3,500

$59.05

7,000

$66.57

18,500

3,500

$59.05

9,000

$65.14

18,500

3,500

$59.05

12,000

$64.67

18,500

—

—

12,000

$64.67

22,000

—

—

2,000

$60.89

1,000

3-Way Collars Sold Put Price / Floor / Ceiling Price(1)(2)

$48.84 / $56.84 /
$69.94

$48.84 / $56.84 /
$69.94

$48.84 / $56.84 /
$69.94

$48.55 / $56.55 /
$69.17

$50.00 / $60.00 /
$82.50

Argus LLS Volumes Hedged (Bbls/d)

5,500

5,500

5,500

5,500

1,000

3-Way Collars Sold Put Price / Floor / Ceiling Price(1)(2)

$54.73 / $63.09 /
$79.93

$54.73 / $63.09 /
$79.93

$54.73 / $63.09 /
$79.93

$54.73 / $63.09 /
$79.93

$55.00 / $65.00 /
$86.80

Total Volumes Hedged (Bbls/d)

34,500

36,500

39,500

39,500

4,000

(1)  Averages are volume weighted.
(2)  If oil prices were to average less than the sold put price, receipts on settlement would be limited to the difference between the 

floor price and the sold put price.

51

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Commodity derivative contracts in place for 2019 and 2020 include fixed-price swaps and three-way collars.  Based on current 
contracts in place and NYMEX oil futures prices as of February 26, 2019, which average approximately $57 per Bbl for the 
remainder of 2019, we currently expect that we would receive cash payments of approximately $10 million during 2019 upon 
settlement of these contracts, the amount of which is dependent upon fluctuations in future NYMEX oil prices in relation to the 
prices of our 2019 fixed-price swaps which have weighted average prices of $59.05 per Bbl and $64.80 per Bbl for NYMEX and 
LLS hedges, respectively, and weighted average ceiling prices of our 2019 three-way collars of $69.52 per Bbl and $79.93 per 
Bbl for NYMEX and LLS hedges, respectively.  Changes in commodity prices, expiration of contracts, and new commodity 
contracts entered into cause fluctuations in the estimated fair value of our oil derivative contracts.  Because we do not utilize hedge 
accounting for our commodity derivative contracts, the period-to-period changes in the fair value of these contracts, as outlined 
above, are recognized in our statements of operations.

Production Expenses

Lease Operating Expenses

In thousands, except per-BOE data

Total lease operating expenses

Total lease operating expenses per BOE

Year Ended December 31,

2018

489,720

22.24

$

$

$

$

2017

447,799

20.35

$

$

2016

414,937

17.71

Total lease operating expense during 2018 increased $41.9 million (9%), or $1.89 (9%) on a per-BOE basis, compared to 
2017.  Our lease operating expenses during 2018 were primarily impacted by operating expenses related to our non-operated 
working interest in Salt Creek Field, which was acquired on June 30, 2017, and has higher per-BOE operating cost than our 
corporate average, along with increased workover and other repair activity at certain fields, and increased CO2 expense due to 
higher oil prices and CO2 injection volumes.

Currently, our CO2 expense comprises approximately 20% of our typical tertiary lease operating expenses, and for the CO2
reserves we already own, consists of CO2 production expenses, and for the CO2 reserves we do not own, consists of our purchase 
of CO2 from royalty and working interest owners and industrial sources.  During the year ended December 31, 2018, approximately 
52% of the CO2 utilized in our CO2 floods consisted of CO2 owned and produced by us (our net revenue interest).  The price we 
pay others for CO2 varies by source and is generally indexed to oil prices.  When combining the production cost of the CO2 we 
own with what we pay third parties for CO2, our average cost of CO2 during 2018 was approximately $0.42 per Mcf, including 
taxes paid on CO2 production but excluding depletion, depreciation and amortization of capital expended at our CO2 source fields 
and industrial sources.  This per-Mcf CO2 cost during 2018 was higher than the $0.38 per Mcf comparable measure during 2017 
due primarily to higher utilization of industrial-source CO2, which has a higher average cost than our naturally-occurring CO2
sources. 

Marketing and Plant Operating Expenses

Marketing  and  plant  operating  expenses  primarily  consist  of  amounts  incurred  related  to  the  marketing,  processing,  and 
transportation of oil and natural gas production.  Marketing and plant operating expenses were $50.0 million and $51.8 million
during 2018 and 2017, respectively, which amounts include purchases of oil from third parties of $6.5 million and $7.8 million 
during 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Taxes Other than Income

Taxes other than income includes production, ad valorem and franchise taxes.  Taxes other than income increased $17.5 million
(20%) between 2017 and 2018, due primarily to an increase in production taxes resulting from higher oil and natural gas revenues.

52

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

General and Administrative Expenses (“G&A”)

In thousands, except per-BOE data and employees

Gross cash compensation and administrative costs

Gross stock-based compensation

Operator labor and overhead recovery charges

Capitalized exploration and development costs

Net G&A expense

G&A per BOE

Net administrative costs

Net stock-based compensation

Net G&A expense

Employees as of December 31

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

220,127

$

250,703

$

271,049

15,438
(126,570)
(37,500)
71,495

2.70

0.55

3.25

847

$

$

$

19,721
(127,425)
(41,193)
101,806

3.94

0.69

4.63

879

$

$

$

21,042
(133,727)
(48,438)
109,926

4.08

0.61

4.69

1,058

$

$

$

Our gross G&A expenses, which include our field operations employee costs, on an absolute-dollar basis decreased $34.9 
million (13%) between 2017 and 2018.  The change between periods was primarily due to lower employee-related costs such as 
salaries  and  long-term  incentives  during  2018  and  the  2017  period  including  severance-related  payments  associated  with  a 
workforce reduction and compensation costs associated with the retirement of our chief executive officer.  As part of our efforts 
to reduce overhead and operating costs, we reduced our employee headcount through involuntary workforce reductions in 2017 
and 2016.  The severance-related payments associated with the 2017 workforce reduction were approximately $6.8 million.

Net G&A expense decreased $30.3 million (30%) between 2017 and 2018 primarily due to the items mentioned above that 
decreased gross G&A expenses.  The more significant percentage decrease in net G&A compared to the percentage decrease in 
gross G&A expenses was due to the workforce reduction having a larger impact on the non-field employee workforce.

Our well operating agreements allow us, when we are the operator, to charge a well with a specified overhead rate during the 
drilling phase and also to charge a monthly fixed overhead rate for each producing well.  In addition, salaries associated with field 
personnel are initially recorded as gross cash compensation and administrative costs and subsequently reclassified to lease operating 
expenses or capitalized to field development costs to the extent those individuals are dedicated to oil and natural gas production, 
exploration, and development activities.

Interest and Financing Expenses 

In thousands, except per-BOE data and interest rates
Cash interest(1)
Less: interest on Senior Secured Notes and Convertible Notes not 
reflected as interest for financial reporting purposes(1)
Noncash interest expense

Less: capitalized interest

Interest expense, net

Interest expense, net per BOE

Average debt principal outstanding
Average interest rate(2)

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

186,632

$

176,307

$

170,772

(86,111)
6,246
(37,079)
69,688

3.16

$

$

(52,473)
6,191
(30,762)
99,263

4.51

$

$

(32,120)
12,475
(25,982)
125,145

5.34

$

$

$ 2,593,035

$ 2,892,785

$ 2,973,823

7.2%

6.1%

5.7%

(1)  Cash interest is presented on an accrual basis, and includes the portion of interest on our 2021 Senior Secured Notes, 2022 
Senior Secured Notes, 2023 Convertible Senior Notes and 2024 Convertible Senior Notes versus the GAAP financial statement 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

presentation in which interest on these notes is accounted for as a reduction of debt and not reflected as interest for financial 
reporting  purposes  in  accordance  with  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  Codification  470-60,  Troubled  Debt 
Restructuring by Debtors.  See below for further discussion.

(2)  Includes commitment fees but excludes debt issue costs and amortization of discount or premium.

As reflected in the table above, cash interest expense during 2018 increased when compared to 2017 due primarily to the 
issuance of 2024 Senior Secured Notes during the third quarter of 2018.  Despite an overall reduction in the debt principal balance 
as a result of the exchange transactions, our average interest rate increased between 2017 and 2018 as the combined interest 
payments on the senior secured and convertible senior notes was higher than the previously issued senior subordinated notes and 
interest rate on our senior secured bank credit facility.

Capitalized interest increased $6.3 million (21%) during 2018, primarily due to an increase in the number of projects that 

qualify for interest capitalization.

As more fully described in Note 6, Long-Term Debt, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the exchange transactions were 
accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification 470-60, Troubled Debt Restructuring by 
Debtors, whereby most of the future interest associated with the 2021 Senior Secured Notes, 2022 Senior Secured Notes, and 
previously outstanding 2023 Convertible Senior Notes and 2024 Convertible Senior Notes was recorded as debt as of the transaction 
date, which will be reduced as semiannual interest payments are made.  Future interest payable recorded as debt totaled $250.2 
million  and  $316.8  million  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  respectively.    Therefore,  interest  expense  reflected  in  our 
Consolidated Statements of Operations is and will remain significantly lower than the actual cash interest payment.

During the second quarter of 2018, the debt principal balance and future interest applicable to the 2024 Convertible Notes 
and 2023 Convertible Notes, totaling $162.0 million, were reclassified to “Paid-in capital in excess of par” and “Common stock” 
in our Consolidated Balance Sheets upon the conversion of those notes into shares of Denbury common stock (see Overview – 
2018 Debt Reduction).  The conversion of these notes saves the Company annual cash interest payments of $5.9 million.

Depletion, Depreciation, and Amortization (“DD&A”)

In thousands, except per-BOE data

Oil and natural gas properties
CO2 properties, pipelines, plants and other property and equipment
Accelerated depreciation charge(1)

Total DD&A

DD&A per BOE

Oil and natural gas properties
CO2 properties, pipelines, plants and other property and equipment
Accelerated depreciation charge(1)

Total DD&A per BOE

Write-down of oil and natural gas properties

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

134,486

$

118,792

$

81,963

—

88,921

—

216,449

$

207,713

$

149,700

105,318

591,025

846,043

$

6.11
3.72

—

$

5.40
4.04

—

9.83

$

9.44

$

6.39
4.50

25.23

36.12

— $

— $

810,921

$

$

$

$

$

(1)  Represents an accelerated depreciation charge associated with the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and related assets.

The increase in our oil and natural gas properties depletion during 2018 when compared to 2017 was primarily due to an 
increase in depletable costs resulting from increases in our capitalized costs and future development costs associated with our 
reserves base, partially offset by an increase in proved oil and natural gas reserve quantities.  Our oil and natural gas properties 
depletion rate was $6.66 per BOE during the fourth quarter of 2018.

54

 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Write-Down of Oil and Natural Gas Properties 

Under full cost accounting rules, we are required each quarter to perform a ceiling test calculation.  Under these rules, the full 
cost ceiling value is calculated using the average first-day-of-the-month oil and natural gas price for each month during a 12-month 
rolling period through the end of each quarterly reporting period.  The falling prices throughout 2016 led to our recognizing full 
cost pool ceiling test write-downs totaling $810.9 million during 2016.  We did not record any ceiling test write-down during 2017 
or 2018.  See Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Full Cost Method of Accounting, Depletion 
and Depreciation and Oil and Natural Gas Properties for further discussion.

Other Expenses  

Other expenses totaled $79.9 million and $7.0 million during 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Other expenses during 2018 include 
$49.4 million of expense related to the Riley Ridge helium supply contract claim (see Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies 
– Litigation, to the Consolidated Financial Statements), a $17.8 million impairment for an investment related to a proposed plant 
in the Gulf Coast that would potentially supply CO2 to Denbury, due to uncertainties of the project achieving financial close (see 
Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies – Other Receivables, to the Consolidated Financial Statements), $4.4 million of transaction 
costs associated with the proposed acquisition of Penn Virginia, $2.1 million of transaction costs related to privately negotiated 
debt exchanges, and a $1.5 million write-off of debt issuance costs associated with the Company’s reduction and extension of the 
senior secured bank credit facility.  The 2017 amounts are primarily comprised of transaction costs associated with our privately 
negotiated debt exchanges in December 2017.

Income Taxes 

In thousands, except per-BOE amounts and tax rates

Current income tax benefit

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Total income tax expense (benefit)

Average income tax expense (benefit) per BOE

Effective tax rate

Total net deferred tax liability

Year Ended December 31,

2018
(16,001)
103,234

2017

$

(20,873)

(95,779)

87,233

$ (116,652)

3.96

21.3%

309,758

$

$

(5.30)

(250.9)%

198,099

$

$

$

$

2016

(785)
(543,385)
(544,170)
(23.23)
35.8%

293,878

$

$

$

$

Our income tax provisions were based on an estimated statutory rate of approximately 25% for 2018 and 38% for 2017 and 
2016.  The Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “Act”) enacted in December 2017 resulted in a reduction of the federal income tax rate from 
35% to 21% effective for calendar year 2018.  Our effective tax rate for 2018 was lower than our estimated statutory rate primarily 
due to tax benefits resulting from enhanced oil recovery income tax credits.  Our effective tax rate for 2017 was significantly lower 
than our estimated statutory rate due to a one-time deferred income tax benefit of $132.2 million reflecting a re-measurement of 
our deferred income tax assets and liabilities associated with the federal income tax rate reduction, as well as tax valuation allowances 
recorded during the period, which also reduced the net deferred tax benefit recognized.  Our total tax valuation allowance of $51.1 
million remains unchanged from December 31, 2017.  The valuation allowances will remain until the realization of future deferred 
tax benefits are more likely than not to become utilized.

As of December 31, 2018, we had an unrecognized tax benefit of $5.4 million related to an uncertain tax position.  The 
unrecognized tax benefit was recorded during 2015 as a direct reduction of the associated deferred tax asset and, if recognized, 
would not materially affect our annual effective tax rate.  We currently do not expect a material change to the uncertain tax position 
within the next 12 months.

The current income tax benefit recorded in 2018 primarily represents the estimated receivable associated with our refundable 

alternative minimum tax credits.

As of December 31, 2018, we had no federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”), tax effected business interest expense 
carryforward totaling $9.0 million, state NOLs and tax credits totaling $52.4 million (before provision for valuation allowance), 
an estimated $57.8 million of enhanced oil recovery credits to carry forward related to our tertiary operations and $21.6 million 

55

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

of research and development credits that can be utilized to reduce our current income taxes during 2019 or future years.  We also 
have $18.1 million of alternative minimum tax credits, which under the Act will be fully refundable by 2021 and are recorded as 
a receivable on the balance sheet.  Our business interest expense carryforward does not expire.  Our state NOLs expire in various 
years, starting in 2019, although most do not begin to expire until 2024.  Our enhanced oil recovery credits and research and 
development credits do not begin to expire until 2024 and 2031, respectively.  The statutes of limitation for our income tax returns 
for tax years ending prior to 2015 have lapsed and therefore are not subject to examination by respective taxing authorities.

Per-BOE Data

The following table summarizes our cash flow and results of operations on a per-BOE basis for the comparative periods.  Each 

of the individual components is discussed above.

Per-BOE data
Oil and natural gas revenues

Receipt (payment) on settlements of commodity derivatives

Lease operating expenses
Production and ad valorem taxes

Marketing expenses, net of third-party purchases, and plant operating
expenses

Production netback

CO2 sales, net of operating and exploration expenses
General and administrative expenses

Interest expense, net

Other

Changes in assets and liabilities relating to operations

Cash flows from operations

DD&A – excluding accelerated depreciation charge
DD&A – accelerated depreciation charge(1)
Write-down of oil and natural gas properties

Deferred income taxes

Gain on early extinguishment of debt
Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives(2)
Other noncash items

Net income (loss)

$

$

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

64.59
(7.96)
(22.24)
(4.39)

$

49.51
(2.17)
(20.35)
(3.60)

(1.78)
28.22

1.28
(3.25)
(3.16)
(2.23)
3.19

24.05
(9.83)
—

—
(4.69)
—

8.92
(3.80)
14.65

(1.80)
21.59

1.05
(4.63)
(4.51)
1.47
(2.83)
12.14
(9.44)
—

—

4.35

—
(1.35)
1.71

$

7.41

$

39.95

3.59
(17.71)
(2.94)

(1.92)
20.97

0.92
(4.69)
(5.34)
(0.58)
(1.92)
9.36
(10.89)
(25.23)
(34.62)
23.20

4.91
(9.05)
0.65
(41.67)

(1)  Represents an accelerated depreciation charge associated with the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and related assets.

(2)  Noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives is a non-GAAP measure.  See Operating Results Table above for 
a  discussion  of  the  reconciliation  between  noncash  fair  value  gains  (losses)  on  commodity  derivatives  to  “Commodity 
derivatives expense (income)” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  See also the Glossary and Selected Abbreviations 
for the definition of noncash fair value gains (losses) on commodity derivatives.

56

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

Debt

We finance some of our acquisitions and other expenditures with fixed and variable rate debt.  These debt agreements expose 
us to market risk related to changes in interest rates.  At December 31, 2018, we had no outstanding borrowings on our senior 
secured bank credit facility.  None of our existing debt has any triggers or covenants regarding our debt ratings with rating agencies, 
although under the NEJD financing lease, in light of credit downgrades in February 2016, we were required to provide a $41.3 
million letter of credit to the lessor, which we provided on March 4, 2016.  The letter of credit may be drawn upon in the event 
we fail to make a payment due under the pipeline financing lease agreement or upon other specified defaults set out in the pipeline 
financing lease agreement (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 5, 2008).  The fair values of our senior 
secured second lien notes, senior notes, and senior subordinated notes are based on quoted market prices.  The following table 
presents the principal and fair values of our outstanding debt at December 31, 2018:

In thousands

Fixed rate debt

2021

2022

2023

2024

Total

Fair
Value

9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021

$

614,919

$

— $

— $

— $

614,919

$

570,337

9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022

7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024

5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022

Commodity Derivative Contracts

—

—

203,545

—

—

455,668

—

—

314,662

—

—

—

—

—

307,978

—

450,000

—

—

—

455,668

450,000

203,545

314,662

307,978

421,493

362,250

142,482

213,970

175,547

We enter into oil derivative contracts to provide an economic hedge of our exposure to commodity price risk associated with 
anticipated future oil production and to provide more certainty to our future cash flows.  We do not hold or issue derivative financial 
instruments for trading purposes.  Generally, these contracts have consisted of various combinations of price floors, collars, three-
way collars, fixed-price swaps, fixed-price swaps enhanced with a sold put, and basis swaps.  The production that we hedge has 
varied from year to year depending on our levels of debt, financial strength, and expectation of future commodity prices.  In order 
to provide a level of price protection to a portion of our oil production, we have hedged a portion of our estimated oil production 
through 2020 using both NYMEX and LLS fixed-price swaps and three-way collars.  Depending on market conditions, we may 
continue to add to our existing 2019 and 2020 hedges.  See also Note 10, Commodity Derivative Contracts, and Note 11, Fair 
Value Measurements, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our commodity derivative 
contracts.

All of the mark-to-market valuations used for our commodity derivatives are provided by external sources.  We manage and 
control  market  and  counterparty  credit  risk  through  established  internal  control  procedures  that  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing 
basis.  We attempt to minimize credit risk exposure to counterparties through formal credit policies, monitoring procedures and 
diversification.  All of our commodity derivative contracts are with parties that are lenders under our senior secured bank credit 
facility (or affiliates of such lenders).  We have included an estimate of nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement of our 
commodity derivative contracts, which we have measured for nonperformance risk based upon credit default swaps or credit 
spreads. 

For accounting purposes, we do not apply hedge accounting to our commodity derivative contracts.  This means that any 
changes in the fair value of these commodity derivative contracts will be charged to earnings instead of charging the effective 
portion to other comprehensive income and the ineffective portion to earnings.

At December 31, 2018, our commodity derivative contracts were recorded at their fair value, which was a net asset of $97.3 
million, a $196.4 million increase from the $99.1 million net liability recorded at December 31, 2017.  This change is primarily 
related to the expiration of commodity derivative contracts during 2018, new commodity derivative contracts entered into during 
2018 for future periods, and changes in oil futures prices between December 31, 2017 and 2018.

57

 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Commodity Derivative Sensitivity Analysis

Based on NYMEX and LLS crude oil futures prices as of December 31, 2018, and assuming both a 10% increase and decrease 

thereon, we would expect to receive payments on our crude oil derivative contracts as shown in the following table:

In thousands

Based on:

Futures prices as of December 31, 2018

$

10% increase in prices

10% decrease in prices

Receipts

126,497

80,315

145,173

Our commodity derivative contracts are used as an economic hedge of our exposure to commodity price risk associated with 
anticipated future production.  As a result, changes in receipts or payments of our commodity derivative contracts due to changes 
in commodity prices, as reflected in the above table, would be mostly offset by a corresponding increase or decrease in the cash 
receipts on sales of our oil and natural gas production to which those commodity derivative contracts relate.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that we select 
certain accounting policies and make certain estimates and judgments regarding the application of those policies.  Our significant 
accounting policies are included in Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  These 
policies, along with the underlying assumptions and judgments by our management in their application, have a significant impact 
on our consolidated financial statements.  Following is a discussion of our most critical accounting estimates, judgments and 
uncertainties that are inherent in the preparation of our financial statements.

Full Cost Method of Accounting, Depletion and Depreciation and Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Businesses involved in the production of oil and natural gas are required to follow accounting rules that are unique to the oil 
and gas industry.  We apply the full cost method of accounting for our oil and natural gas properties.  Another acceptable method 
of accounting for oil and natural gas production activities is the successful efforts method of accounting.  In general, the primary 
differences between the two methods are related to the capitalization of costs and the evaluation for asset impairment.  Under the 
full cost method, all geological and geophysical costs, exploratory dry holes and delay rentals are capitalized to the full cost pool, 
whereas under the successful efforts method such costs are expensed as incurred.  In the assessment of impairment of oil and 
natural gas properties, the successful efforts method follows the Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
topic of the FASC, under which the net book value of assets is measured for impairment against the undiscounted future cash flows 
using commodity prices consistent with management expectations.  Under the full cost method, the full cost pool (net book value 
of oil and natural gas properties) is measured against future cash flows discounted at 10% using the average first-day-of-the-month 
oil and natural gas price for each month during a 12-month rolling period through the end of each quarterly reporting period.  The 
financial results for a given period could be substantially different depending on the method of accounting that an oil and gas entity 
applies.  Further, we do not designate our oil and natural gas derivative contracts as hedging instruments for accounting purposes 
under the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the FASC (see below), and as a result, these contracts are not considered in the full 
cost ceiling test.

We make significant estimates at the end of each period related to accruals for oil and natural gas revenues, production, 
capitalized costs and operating expenses.  We calculate these estimates with our best available data, which includes, among other 
things, production reports, price posting, information compiled from daily drilling reports and other internal tracking devices, and 
analysis of historical results and trends.  While management is not aware of any required revisions to its estimates, there will likely 
be future adjustments resulting from such things as revisions in estimated oil and natural gas volumes, changes in ownership 
interests, payouts, joint venture audits, re-allocations by the purchasers or pipelines, or other corrections and adjustments common 
in the oil and gas industry, many of which will require retroactive application.  These types of adjustments cannot be currently 
estimated or determined and will be recorded in the period during which the adjustment occurs.

Under full cost accounting, the estimated quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves used to compute depletion and the 
related present value of estimated future net cash flows therefrom used to perform the full cost ceiling test have a significant impact 

58

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

on the underlying financial statements.  The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is very complex, requiring significant 
decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data.  The data for a given field 
may  also  change  substantially  over  time  as  a  result  of  numerous  factors,  including  additional  development  activity,  evolving 
production history and continued reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions.  As a result, 
material revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time.  Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure 
the reported reserve estimates represent the most accurate assessments possible, including the hiring of independent engineers to 
prepare reported estimates, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various fields make these estimates generally 
less precise than other estimates included in our financial statement disclosures.  Over the last four years, annual revisions to our 
reserve estimates, excluding any revisions related to changes in commodity prices, have averaged approximately 1.7% of the 
previous year’s estimates and have been both positive and negative.

Changes in commodity prices also affect our reserve quantities.  These changes in quantities affect our DD&A rate, and the 
combined effect of changes in quantities and commodity prices impacts our full cost ceiling test calculation.  For example, we 
estimate that a 5% increase in our estimate of proved reserve quantities would have lowered our fourth quarter 2018 oil and natural 
gas property DD&A rate from $6.66 per BOE to approximately $6.38 per BOE, and a 5% decrease in our proved reserve quantities 
would  have  increased  our  DD&A  rate  to  approximately  $6.97  per  BOE.  Also,  reserve  quantities  and  their  ultimate  values, 
determined solely by our lenders, are the primary factors in determining the maximum borrowing base under our senior secured 
bank credit facility, particularly quantities and values of our proved developed producing reserves.

Under full cost accounting rules, we are required each quarter to perform a ceiling test calculation.  The net capitalized costs 
of oil and natural gas properties are limited to the lower of unamortized cost or the cost center ceiling.  The cost center ceiling is 
defined as (1) the present value of estimated future net revenues from proved oil and natural gas reserves before future abandonment 
costs (discounted at 10%), based on the average first-day-of-the-month oil and natural gas price for each month during a 12-month 
rolling period prior to the end of a particular reporting period; plus (2) the cost of properties not being amortized; plus (3) the lower 
of cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, if any; less (4) related income tax 
effects.  Our future net revenues from proved oil and natural gas reserves are not reduced for development costs related to the cost 
of drilling for and developing CO2 reserves nor those related to the cost of constructing CO2 pipelines, as we do not have to incur 
additional costs to develop the proved oil and natural gas reserves.  Therefore, we include in the ceiling test, as a reduction of 
future net revenues, that portion of our capitalized CO2 costs related to CO2 reserves and CO2 pipelines that we estimate will be 
consumed in the process of producing our proved oil and natural gas reserves.  The fair value of our oil and natural gas derivative 
contracts is not included in the ceiling test, as we do not designate these contracts as hedging instruments for accounting purposes.  
The cost center ceiling test is prepared quarterly.

The average first-day-of-the-month NYMEX oil price used in estimating our proved reserves declined throughout 2016 and 
led to our recognizing a full cost pool ceiling test write-down totaling $810.9 million during 2016.  We did not record any ceiling 
test write-downs during 2017 or 2018.

We exclude certain unevaluated costs from the amortization base and full cost ceiling test pending the determination of whether 
proved reserves can be assigned to such properties.  These costs are transferred to the full cost amortization base in the course of 
these properties being developed, tested and evaluated.  At least annually, we test these assets for impairment based on an evaluation 
of management’s expectations of future pricing, evaluation of lease expiration terms, and planned project development activities.  
As a result of this analysis, we recognized impairments of our unevaluated costs totaling $21.4 million and $21.0 million during 
the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, whereby these costs were transferred to the full cost amortization base.  
We did not record any impairments of our unevaluated costs during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Tertiary Injection Costs

Our tertiary operations are conducted in reservoirs that have already produced significant amounts of oil over many years; 
however, in accordance with the rules for recording proved reserves, we cannot recognize proved reserves associated with enhanced 
recovery techniques such as CO2 injection until we can demonstrate production resulting from the tertiary process or unless the 
field is analogous to an existing flood.  Our costs associated with the CO2 we produce (or acquire) and inject are principally our 
cash out-of-pocket costs of production, transportation and acquisition, and to pay royalties.

We capitalize, as a development cost, injection costs in fields that are in their development stage, which means we have not 
yet seen incremental oil production due to the CO2 injections (i.e., a production response).  These capitalized development costs 

59

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

will be included in our unevaluated property costs if there are not already proved tertiary reserves in that field.  After we see a 
production response to the CO2 injections (i.e., the production stage), injection costs will be expensed as incurred, and any previously 
deferred unevaluated development costs will become subject to depletion upon recognition of proved tertiary reserves.  During 
2018,  2017  and  2016,  we  capitalized  $24.5  million,  $25.0  million  and  $17.3  million,  respectively,  of  tertiary  injection  costs 
associated with our tertiary projects.

Income Taxes

We make certain estimates and judgments in determining our income tax expense for financial reporting purposes.  These 
estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing and 
recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes.  Our federal and state income tax returns are generally 
not prepared or filed before the consolidated financial statements are prepared; therefore, we estimate the tax basis of our assets 
and  liabilities  at  the  end  of  each  period  as  well  as  the  effects  of  tax  rate  changes,  tax  credits  and  net  operating  loss 
carryforwards.  Adjustments related to these estimates are recorded in our tax provision in the period in which we finalize our 
income tax returns.  Further, we must assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover or utilize our deferred tax assets (primarily 
our enhanced oil recovery credits and state loss carryforwards).  If recovery is not likely, we must record a valuation allowance 
against such deferred tax assets for the amount we would not expect to recover, which would result in an increase to our income 
tax expense.  As of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, we had tax valuation allowances totaling $51.1 million, $51.1 million, 
and $36.5 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of our state deferred income tax assets.  The valuation allowances 
will remain until the realization of future deferred tax benefits are more likely than not to become utilized.  A 1% increase in our 
statutory tax rate would have increased our calculated income tax expense (benefit) by approximately $4.1 million, $0.5 million
and  ($15.2  million)  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2018,  2017  and  2016,  respectively.  See  Note  7,  Income  Taxes,  to  the 
Consolidated Financial Statements and Results of Operations – Income Taxes above for further information concerning our income 
taxes.

Fair Value Estimates

The FASC defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value 
measurements.  It does not require us to make any new fair value measurements, but rather establishes a fair value hierarchy that 
prioritizes the inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  Level 1 inputs are given the highest priority in the 
fair value hierarchy, as they represent observable inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in 
active markets as of the reporting date, while Level 3 inputs are given the lowest priority, as they represent unobservable inputs 
that are not corroborated by market data.  Valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs are favored.  See Note 
11,  Fair  Value  Measurements,  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  disclosures  regarding  our  recurring  fair  value 
measurements.

Significant uses of fair value measurements include:

• 
• 

assessment of impairment of long-lived assets; and
recorded value of commodity derivative instruments.

Impairment Assessment of Long-Lived Assets

We test long-lived assets that are not subject to our quarterly full cost pool ceiling test for impairment, including a portion of 
our capitalized CO2 properties and pipelines, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may 
not be recoverable.  The factors we assess to determine if a long-lived asset impairment test is necessary include, among other 
factors, a significant adverse change in the business climate that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, a significant decrease 
in the market price of an asset group, a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset (asset group) 
is being used or in its physical condition, or a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or 
cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset (asset 
group).

We perform our long-lived asset impairment test by comparing the net carrying costs of our long-lived asset groups to the 
respective expected future undiscounted net cash flows that are supported by these long-lived assets which include production of 
our probable and possible oil and natural gas reserves.  If the undiscounted net cash flows are below the net carrying costs for an 

60

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

asset group, we must record an impairment loss by the amount, if any, that net carrying costs exceed the fair value of the long-
lived asset group.  Management assumptions impacting expected future undiscounted net cash flows include market estimates of 
future commodity prices, projections of estimated reserve quantities, projections of future rates of production, timing and amount 
of future development and operating costs, projected availability and cost of CO2, projected recovery factors of tertiary reserves 
and risk-adjustment factors applied to the net cash flows.  We did not record an impairment of long-lived assets during the year 
ended December 31, 2018.

Commodity Derivative Contracts

Historically, we have entered into oil and natural gas derivative contracts to provide an economic hedge of our exposure to 
commodity price risk associated with anticipated future oil and natural gas production and to provide more certainty to our future 
cash flows.  We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.  Generally, these contracts have consisted 
of various combinations of price floors, collars, three-way collars, fixed-price swaps, fixed-price swaps enhanced with a sold put, 
and basis swaps.  Our derivative financial instruments are recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at 
fair value.  The valuation methods used to measure the fair values of these assets and liabilities require considerable management 
judgment and estimates to derive the inputs necessary to determine fair value estimates, such as forward prices for commodities, 
interest  rates,  volatility  factors  and  credit  worthiness,  as  well  as  other  relevant  economic  measures.   We  do  not  apply  hedge 
accounting to our commodity derivative contracts under the FASC Derivatives and Hedging topic; accordingly, changes in the 
fair value of these instruments are recognized in earnings instead of charging the effective portion to other comprehensive income 
and the ineffective portion to earnings.  While we may experience more volatility in our net income (loss) than if we were to apply 
hedge accounting treatment as permitted by the FASC Derivatives and Hedging topic, we believe that for us, the benefits associated 
with applying hedge accounting do not outweigh the cost, time and effort to comply with hedge accounting.

Environmental and Litigation Contingencies

The Company makes judgments and estimates in recording liabilities for contingencies such as environmental remediation 
or ongoing litigation.  Liabilities are recorded when it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and such loss is reasonably 
estimable.  Assessments of liabilities are based on information obtained from independent and in-house experts, loss experience 
in similar situations, actual costs incurred, and other case-by-case factors.  Actual costs can vary from such estimates for a variety 
of reasons.  The costs of environmental remediation or litigation can vary from estimates due to new developments regarding the 
facts  and  circumstances  of  each  event,  including  in  the  case  of  environmental  remediation,  the  timing  of  remediation,  our 
understanding  of  the  environmental  impact,  remediation  methods  available,  and  regulatory  requirements,  and  in  the  case  of 
litigation, differing interpretations of laws and facts and assessments of damages asserted and/or incurred.

Use of Estimates

See Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of our use of estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting 

pronouncements.

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

The data and/or statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not historical facts, including, but not 
limited to, statements found in the sections entitled “Business and Properties” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” are forward-looking statements, as that term is defined in Section 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve a number of risks and uncertainties.  Such forward-
looking statements may be or may concern, among other things, financial forecasts, future hydrocarbon prices and timing, the 
degree and length of any price recovery for oil, current or future liquidity sources or their adequacy to support our anticipated 
future activities, our ability to further reduce our debt levels, possible future write-downs of oil and natural gas reserves, together 
with assumptions based on current and projected oil and gas prices and oilfield costs, current or future expectations or estimations 
of our cash flows or the impact of changes in commodity prices on cash flows, availability of capital, borrowing capacity, availability 
of advantageous commodity derivative contracts or the predicted cash flow benefits therefrom, forecasted capital expenditures, 

61

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

drilling activity or methods, including the timing and location thereof, nature of any future proposed asset sales or dispositions or 
the timing or proceeds thereof, estimated timing of commencement of CO2 flooding of particular fields or areas, timing of CO2
injections and initial production responses in tertiary flooding projects, development activities, finding costs, anticipated future 
cost savings, capital budgets, interpretation or prediction of formation details, production rates and volumes or forecasts thereof, 
hydrocarbon reserve quantities and values, CO2 reserves and supply and their availability, potential reserves, barrels or percentages 
of recoverable original oil in place, potential increases in worldwide tariffs or other trade restrictions, the likelihood, timing and 
impact of increased interest rates, the impact of regulatory rulings or changes, anticipated outcomes of pending litigation, prospective 
legislation affecting the oil and gas industry, environmental regulations, mark-to-market values, competition, long-term forecasts 
of production, rates of return, estimated costs, changes in costs, future capital expenditures and overall economics, worldwide 
economic conditions and other variables surrounding our estimated original oil in place, operations and future plans, including 
statements regarding anticipated consequences or possible risk of our pending acquisition of Penn Virginia.  Such forward-looking 
statements generally are accompanied by words such as “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “predict,” “forecast,” “to our knowledge,” 
“anticipate,” “projected,” “preliminary,” “should,” “assume,” “believe,” “may” or other words that convey, or are intended to 
convey, the uncertainty of future events or outcomes.  Such forward-looking information is based upon management’s current 
plans, expectations, estimates, and assumptions and is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could significantly and 
adversely affect current plans, anticipated actions, the timing of such actions and our financial condition and results of operations.  As 
a consequence, actual results may differ materially from expectations, estimates or assumptions expressed in or implied by any 
forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf.  Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially 
are fluctuations in worldwide oil prices or in U.S. oil prices and consequently in the prices received or demand for our oil and 
natural gas; decisions as to production levels and/or pricing by OPEC or production levels by U.S. shale producers in future periods; 
levels of future capital expenditures; effects of our indebtedness; success of our risk management techniques; accuracy of our cost 
estimates; availability of credit in the commercial banking market; fluctuations in the prices of goods and services; the uncertainty 
of drilling results and reserve estimates; operating hazards and remediation costs; disruption of operations and damages from well 
incidents, hurricanes, tropical storms, forest fires, or other natural occurrences; acquisition risks; requirements for capital or its 
availability; conditions in the worldwide financial, trade and credit markets; general economic conditions; competition; government 
regulations,  including  changes  in  tax  or  environmental  laws  or  regulations;  and  unexpected  delays,  as  well  as  the  risks  and 
uncertainties inherent in oil and gas drilling and production activities or that are otherwise discussed in this annual report, including, 
without limitation, the portions referenced above, and the uncertainties set forth from time to time in our other public reports, 
filings and public statements.

62

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Denbury Resources Inc.

The information required by Item 7A is set forth under Market Risk Management in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and 

Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Information

Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue Recognition
Potential Asset Sales

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Supplemental Oil and Natural Gas Disclosures (Unaudited)
Supplemental CO2 Disclosures (Unaudited)
Unaudited Quarterly Information

  Asset Retirement Obligations
  Unevaluated Property
Long-Term Debt
Income Taxes
Stockholders’ Equity
Stock Compensation

  Commitments and Contingencies
Additional Balance Sheet Details
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Subsequent Events

  Commodity Derivative Contracts

Fair Value Measurements

Page

64
66
67
68
69

70
77
78
78
79
80
85
87
87
90
91
93
96
96
96
98
102
103

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Denbury Resources Inc.:

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Denbury Resources Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) 
as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and 
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, including the related notes (collectively referred to 
as the “consolidated financial statements”).  We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years 
in the period ended December 31, 2018 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  
Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control 
over  financial  reporting,  and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in 
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A.  Our responsibility is to express 
opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based 
on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and 
the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether 
due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement 
of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  
Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements.  Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, 
as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.  Our audit of internal control over financial 
reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audits 
also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide 
a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

64

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.   Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Dallas, Texas
February 28, 2019

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004. 

65

Denbury Resources Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except par value and share data)

Assets

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Accrued production receivable

Trade and other receivables, net

Derivative assets

Other current assets

Total current assets
Property and equipment

Oil and natural gas properties (using full cost accounting)

Proved properties

Unevaluated properties

CO2 properties
Pipelines and plants

Other property and equipment
Less accumulated depletion, depreciation, amortization and impairment

Net property and equipment

Derivative assets

Other assets

Total assets

Current liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Oil and gas production payable

Derivative liabilities

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Current maturities of long-term debt (including future interest payable of $85,303 and $75,347, respectively –
see Note 6)

Total current liabilities

Long-term liabilities

December 31,

2018

2017

$

38,560

$

125,788

26,970

93,080

11,896

296,294

58

146,334

45,193

—

10,670

202,255

11,072,209

10,775,792

996,700
1,196,795

2,302,817

250,279
(11,500,190)

4,318,610

4,195

104,123

4,723,222

$

951,397
1,191,058

2,286,047

339,218
(11,376,646)

4,166,866

—

102,178

4,471,299

198,380

$

61,288

—

105,125

364,793

177,220

76,588

99,061

105,188

458,057

$

$

Long-term debt, net of current portion (including future interest payable of $164,914 and $241,472, respectively
– see Note 6)

2,664,211

2,979,086

Asset retirement obligations

Deferred tax liabilities, net

Other liabilities

Total long-term liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

Stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding

Common stock, $.001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized; 462,355,725 and 402,549,346 shares issued,

respectively

Paid-in capital in excess of par

Accumulated deficit

Treasury stock, at cost, 1,941,749 and 457,041 shares, respectively

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

174,470

309,758

68,213

165,756

198,099

22,136

3,216,652

3,365,077

—

462

2,685,211

(1,533,112)

(10,784)

1,141,777

$

4,723,222

$

—

403

2,507,828

(1,855,810)

(4,256)

648,165

4,471,299

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data)

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

Revenues and other income

Oil, natural gas, and related product sales

CO2 sales and transportation fees

Other income

Total revenues and other income

Expenses

Lease operating expenses

Marketing and plant operating expenses

CO2 discovery and operating expenses

Taxes other than income

General and administrative expenses

Interest, net of amounts capitalized of $37,079, $30,762, and $25,982, respectively

Depletion, depreciation, and amortization

Commodity derivatives expense (income)

Gain on debt extinguishment

Write-down of oil and natural gas properties

Other expenses

Total expenses

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax provision (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) per common share

Basic

Diluted

Weighted average common shares outstanding

Basic

Diluted

$

1,422,589

$

1,089,666

$

31,145

19,891

26,182

13,938

1,473,625

1,129,786

489,720

50,002

2,816

104,670

71,495

69,688

216,449

(21,087)

—

—

79,941

1,063,694

409,931

87,233

447,799

51,820

3,099

87,207

101,806

99,263

207,713

77,576

—

—

7,003

1,083,286

46,500

(116,652)

322,698

$

163,152

$

935,751

24,816

15,029

975,596

414,937

57,454

3,374

77,892

109,926

125,145

846,043

127,944

(115,095)

810,921

37,402

2,495,943

(1,520,347)

(544,170)

(976,177)

0.75

0.71

$

$

0.42

0.41

$

$

(2.61)

(2.61)

432,483

456,169

390,928

395,921

373,859

373,859

$

$

$

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income (loss)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows from operating activities

Depletion, depreciation, and amortization

Write-down of oil and natural gas properties

Deferred income taxes

Stock-based compensation

Commodity derivatives expense (income)

Receipt (payment) on settlements of commodity derivatives

Gain on debt extinguishment

Debt issuance costs and discounts

Other, net

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions

Accrued production receivable

Trade and other receivables
Other current and long-term assets

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Oil and natural gas production payable

Other liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Oil and natural gas capital expenditures

Acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties
CO2 capital expenditures
Pipelines and plants capital expenditures

Net proceeds from sales of oil and natural gas properties and equipment

Other

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Bank repayments

Bank borrowings

Interest payments treated as a reduction of debt

Proceeds from issuance of senior secured notes

Repayment or repurchases of senior subordinated notes

Cost of debt financing

Pipeline financing and capital lease debt repayments

Other

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

322,698

$

163,152

$

(976,177)

216,449

—

103,234

11,951

(21,087)

(175,248)

—

6,246

(4,725)

20,547

16,094
(6,827)

13,008

(15,300)

42,645
529,685

(316,647)

(541)

(5,878)

(23,108)

7,762

5,136

207,713

—

(95,779)

15,154

77,576

(47,795)

—

6,191

3,112

(21,398)

(4,421)
(1,722)

(24,710)

(3,997)

(5,933)
267,143

(262,867)

(88,886)

(2,159)

(2,540)

1,696

(2,058)

846,043

810,921

(543,385)

14,995

127,944

84,181

(115,095)

17,006

(2,161)

(24,290)

35,923
(8,661)

(34,240)

(6,752)

(7,029)
219,223

(243,027)

(1,310)

(2,321)

(2,666)

47,725

(3,064)

(333,276)

(356,814)

(204,663)

(1,982,653)

1,507,653

(79,606)

450,000

—

(16,060)

(23,300)

(13,486)

(157,452)

38,957

15,992

(1,589,000)

1,763,000

(50,349)

(1,730,500)

1,856,500

(25,835)

—

(2,503)

(6,289)

(27,462)

1,216

88,613

(1,058)

17,050

—

(76,708)

(9,574)

(28,849)

(46)

(15,012)

(452)

17,502

17,050

$

54,949

$

15,992

$

 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Dollar amounts in thousands)

Balance – December 31, 2015

354,541,626

$

355

$

2,353,549

$

(1,058,954)

3,124,311

$

(46,038)

$

1,248,912

Common Stock
($.001 Par Value)

Shares

Amount

Paid-In
Capital in
Excess of
Par

Retained
Earnings 
(Accumulated 
Deficit)

Treasury Stock
(at cost)

Shares

Amount

Total Equity

Cumulative effect of accounting change

—

Issued or purchased pursuant to stock
compensation plans

Issued pursuant to directors’ compensation plan

Issued as part of debt exchange

Stock-based compensation

Tax withholding – stock compensation

Dividends adjustments

Net loss

7,031,767

31,930

40,729,332

—

—

—

—

—

7

—

40

—

—

—

—

(415)

16,072

(7)

50

160,451

21,042

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

70

(976,177)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

782,566

(1,597)

—

—

—

—

Balance – December 31, 2016

402,334,655

402

2,534,670

(2,018,989)

3,906,877

(47,635)

Issued or purchased pursuant to stock
compensation plans

Issued pursuant to directors’ compensation plan

Stock-based compensation

Tax withholding – stock compensation

Retirement of treasury stock

Dividends adjustments

Net income

5,201,854

12,837

—

—

(5,000,000)

—

—

6

—

—

—

(5)

—

—

(6)

—

19,721

—

(46,557)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

27

163,152

—

—

—

1,550,164

(5,000,000)

—

—

—

—

—

(3,183)

46,562

—

—

Balance – December 31, 2017

402,549,346

403

2,507,828

(1,855,810)

457,041

(4,256)

Issued or purchased pursuant to stock
compensation plans

Issued pursuant to notes conversion

Stock-based compensation

Tax withholding – stock compensation

Net income

4,556,424

55,249,955

—

—

—

4

55

—

—

—

(4)

161,949

15,438

—

—

—

—

—

—

322,698

—

—

—

1,484,708

—

—

—

—

(6,528)

—

15,657

—

50

160,491

21,042

(1,597)

70

(976,177)

468,448

—

—

19,721

(3,183)

—

27

163,152

648,165

—

162,004

15,438

(6,528)

322,698

Balance – December 31, 2018

462,355,725

$

462

$

2,685,211

$

(1,533,112)

1,941,749

$

(10,784)

$

1,141,777

 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

69

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies

Organization and Nature of Operations

Denbury Resources Inc., a Delaware corporation, is an independent oil and natural gas company with operations focused in 
two key operating areas: the Gulf Coast and Rocky Mountain regions.  Our goal is to increase the value of our properties through 
a combination of exploitation, drilling and proven engineering extraction practices, with the most significant emphasis relating to 
CO2 enhanced oil recovery operations.

Principles of Reporting and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements herein have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted 
in  the  United  States  (“GAAP”)  and  include  the  accounts  of  Denbury  and  entities  in  which  we  hold  a  controlling  financial 
interest.  Undivided interests in oil and gas joint ventures are consolidated on a proportionate basis.  All intercompany balances 
and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amount of certain assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the 
financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each reporting period.  Management believes its 
estimates  and  assumptions  are  reasonable;  however,  such  estimates  and  assumptions  are  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and 
uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from such estimates.  Significant estimates underlying these financial 
statements include (1) the fair value of financial derivative instruments; (2) the estimated quantities of proved oil and natural gas 
reserves used to compute depletion of oil and natural gas properties, the related present value of estimated future net cash flows 
therefrom and the ceiling test; (3) future net cash flow estimates used in the impairment assessment of long-lived assets; (4) the 
estimated quantities of proved and probable CO2 reserves used to compute depletion of CO2 properties; (5) estimated useful lives 
used to compute depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets; (6) accruals related to oil and natural gas sales volumes and 
revenues, capital expenditures and lease operating expenses; (7) the estimated costs and timing of future asset retirement obligations; 
and (8) estimates made in the calculation of income taxes.  While management is not aware of any significant revisions to any of 
its current year-end estimates, there will likely be future revisions to its estimates resulting from matters such as revisions in 
estimated oil and natural gas volumes, changes in ownership interests, payouts, joint venture audits, re-allocations by purchasers 
or pipelines, or other corrections and adjustments common in the oil and natural gas industry, many of which require retroactive 
application.  These types of adjustments cannot be currently estimated and will be recorded in the period in which the adjustment 
occurs. 

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.  Such reclassifications had 

no impact on our reported net income, current assets, total assets, current liabilities, total liabilities or stockholders’ equity.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash 

We consider all highly liquid investments to be cash equivalents if they have maturities of three months or less at the date of 
purchase.   The  following  table  provides  a  reconciliation  of  cash,  cash  equivalents,  and  restricted  cash  as  reported  within  the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets to “Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period” as reported within the Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows:

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash included in other assets

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated Statements of
Cash Flows

December 31,

2018

2017

$

$

38,560

$

16,389

58

15,934

54,949

$

15,992

70

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Amounts included in restricted cash included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets represent 

escrow accounts that are legally restricted for certain of our asset retirement obligations.

Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Capitalized Costs.  We follow the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas properties.  Under this method, all 
costs related to the acquisition, exploration and development of oil and natural gas reserves are capitalized and accumulated in a 
single cost center representing our activities, which are undertaken exclusively in the United States.  Such costs include lease 
acquisition costs, geological and geophysical expenditures, lease rentals on undeveloped properties, costs of drilling both productive 
and nonproductive wells, capitalized interest on qualifying projects, and general and administrative expenses directly related to 
exploration and development activities, and do not include any costs related to production, general corporate overhead or similar 
activities.  We assign the purchase price of oil and natural gas properties we acquire to proved and unevaluated properties based 
on the estimated fair values as defined in the Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification (“FASC”) Fair Value Measurement
topic.  Proceeds  received  from  disposals  are  credited  against  accumulated  costs  except  when  the  sale  represents  a  significant 
disposal of reserves, in which case a gain or loss would be recognized.  A disposal of 25% or more of our proved reserves would 
be considered significant. 

Depletion  and  Depreciation.  The  costs  capitalized,  including  production  equipment  and  future  development  costs,  are 
depleted  or  depreciated  using  the  unit-of-production  method,  based  on  proved  oil  and  natural  gas  reserves  as  determined  by 
independent petroleum engineers.  Oil and natural gas reserves are converted to equivalent units on a basis of 6,000 cubic feet of 
natural gas to one barrel of crude oil.

Under full cost accounting, we may exclude certain unevaluated costs from the amortization base pending determination of 
whether proved reserves can be assigned to such properties.  The costs classified as unevaluated are transferred to the full cost 
amortization base as the properties are developed, tested and evaluated.  At least annually, we test these assets for impairment 
based on an evaluation of management’s expectations of future pricing, evaluation of lease expiration terms, and planned project 
development activities.  As a result of this analysis, we recognized impairments of our unevaluated costs totaling $21.4 million
and $21.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, whereby these costs were transferred to the 
full cost amortization base.  We did not record any impairments of our unevaluated costs during the year ended December 31, 
2018.

Write-Down of Oil and Natural Gas Properties. The net capitalized costs of oil and natural gas properties are limited to 
the lower of unamortized cost or the cost center ceiling.  The cost center ceiling is defined as (1) the present value of estimated 
future net revenues from proved oil and natural gas reserves before future abandonment costs (discounted at 10%), based on the 
average first-day-of-the-month oil and natural gas price for each month during a 12-month rolling period prior to the end of a 
particular reporting period; plus (2) the cost of properties not being amortized; plus (3) the lower of cost or estimated fair value 
of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, if any; less (4) related income tax effects.  Our future net revenues 
from proved oil and natural gas reserves are not reduced for development costs related to the cost of drilling for and developing 
CO2 reserves nor those related to the cost of constructing CO2 pipelines, as we do not have to incur additional costs to develop the 
proved oil and natural gas reserves.  Therefore, we include in the ceiling test, as a reduction of future net revenues, that portion of 
our capitalized CO2 costs related to CO2 reserves and CO2 pipelines that we estimate will be consumed in the process of producing 
our proved oil and natural gas reserves.  The fair value of our oil and natural gas derivative contracts is not included in the ceiling 
test, as we do not designate these contracts as hedge instruments for accounting purposes.  The cost center ceiling test is prepared 
quarterly.

Declines  in  2016  average  first-day-of-the-month  NYMEX  oil  prices  used  in  estimating  our  proved  reserves  led  to  our 
recognizing a full cost pool ceiling test write-down totaling $810.9 million during 2016.  We did not record any ceiling test write-
downs during 2017 or 2018.

Joint Interest Operations.  Substantially all of our oil and natural gas exploration and production activities are conducted 
jointly with others.  These financial statements reflect only our proportionate interest in such activities, and any amounts due from 
other partners are included in trade receivables.

Tertiary Injection Costs.  Our tertiary operations are conducted in reservoirs that have already produced significant amounts 
of oil over many years; however, in accordance with the SEC rules and regulations for recording proved reserves, we cannot 

71

 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

recognize  proved  reserves  associated  with  enhanced  recovery  techniques,  such  as  CO2  injection,  until  we  can  demonstrate 
production resulting from the tertiary process or unless the field is analogous to an existing flood.  

We capitalize, as a development cost, injection costs in fields that are in their development stage, which means we have not 
yet seen incremental oil production due to the CO2 injections (i.e., a production response).  These capitalized development costs 
are included in our unevaluated property costs if there are not already proved tertiary reserves in that field.  After we see a production 
response to the CO2 injections (i.e., the production stage), injection costs are expensed as incurred, and once proved reserves are 
recognized, previously deferred unevaluated development costs become subject to depletion.

CO2 Properties

We own and produce CO2 reserves, a non-hydrocarbon resource, that are used in our tertiary oil recovery operations on our 
own behalf and on behalf of other interest owners in enhanced recovery fields, with a portion sold to third-party industrial users.  We 
record revenue from our sales of CO2 to third parties when it is produced and sold.  Expenses related to the production of CO2 are 
allocated  between  volumes  sold  to  third  parties  and  volumes  consumed  internally  that  are  directly  related  to  our  tertiary 
production.  The expenses related to third-party sales are recorded in “CO2 discovery and operating expenses,” and the expenses 
related to internal use are recorded in “Lease operating expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations or are capitalized 
as oil and natural gas properties in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, depending on the stage of the tertiary flood that is receiving 
the CO2 (see Tertiary Injection Costs above for further discussion).

Costs incurred to search for CO2 are expensed as incurred until proved or probable reserves are established.  Once proved or 
probable reserves are established, costs incurred to obtain those reserves are capitalized and classified as “CO2 properties” on our 
Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Capitalized CO2 costs are aggregated by geologic formation and depleted on a unit-of-production 
basis over proved and probable reserves.

Pipelines and Plants

CO2 used in our tertiary floods is transported to our fields through CO2 pipelines.  Costs of CO2 pipelines under construction 
are not depreciated until the pipelines are placed into service.  Pipelines are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated 
useful lives, which range from 20 to 50 years.  Capitalized costs include $122.5 million of CO2 pipelines as of December 31, 2018, 
that were either under construction or had not been placed into service and therefore, were not subject to depreciation during 2018.

Pipelines and plants also include capitalized costs associated with the Riley Ridge gas processing facility in southwestern 
Wyoming.  During the fourth quarter of 2016, we reassessed the estimated useful life of the gas processing facility and related 
assets, due to the extended shut-in status of the Riley Ridge gas processing facility and our analysis of cost estimates and engineering 
options to remedy certain existing issues, and recorded accelerated depreciation to fully depreciate capitalized costs related to the 
facility and intangible assets assigned to helium production rights at Riley Ridge. 

Property and Equipment – Other

Other  property  and  equipment,  which  includes  furniture  and  fixtures,  vehicles,  computer  equipment  and  software,  and 
capitalized leases, is depreciated principally on a straight-line basis over each asset’s estimated useful life.  Vehicles and furniture 
and fixtures are generally depreciated over a useful life of five to ten years, and computer equipment and software are generally 
depreciated over a useful life of three to five years.  Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful 
life or the remaining lease term.

Leased property meeting certain capital lease criteria is capitalized, and the present value of the related lease payments is 
recorded as a liability.  Amortization of capitalized leased assets is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the 
estimated useful life or the lease term.

Maintenance and repair costs that do not extend the useful life of the property or equipment are charged to expense as incurred.

72

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Intangible Assets

Our intangible assets subject to amortization primarily consist of amounts assigned in purchase accounting to a CO2 purchase 
contract with ConocoPhillips to offtake CO2 from the Lost Cabin gas plant in Wyoming and is included in our Consolidated Balance 
Sheets under the caption “Other assets.”  We amortize the CO2 contract intangible asset on a straight-line basis over the contract 
term.  Total amortization expense for our intangible assets was $2.4 million, $2.4 million and $2.3 million during the years ended 
December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.  The following table summarizes the carrying value of our intangible assets as of December 31, 
2018 and 2017:

In thousands

Intangible asset value

Accumulated amortization

Net book value

December 31,

2018

2017

$

$

37,848
(13,074)
24,774

$

$

37,848
(10,645)
27,203

As of December 31, 2018, our estimated amortization expense for our intangible assets subject to amortization over the next 

five years is as follows:

In thousands

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

$

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430
2,430  

Impairment Assessment of Long-Lived Assets

The portion of our capitalized CO2 costs related to CO2 reserves and CO2 pipelines that we estimate will be consumed in the 
process of producing our proved oil and natural gas reserves is included in the full cost pool ceiling test as a reduction to future 
net revenues.  The remaining net capitalized costs that are not included in the full cost pool ceiling test, and related intangible 
assets, are subject to long-lived asset impairment testing whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
value may not be recoverable.

We perform our long-lived asset impairment test by comparing the net carrying costs of our long-lived asset groups to the 
respective expected future undiscounted net cash flows that are supported by these long-lived assets which include production of 
our probable and possible oil and natural gas reserves.  If the undiscounted net cash flows are below the net carrying costs for an 
asset group, we must record an impairment loss by the amount, if any, that net carrying costs exceed the fair value of the long-
lived asset group.  We did not record an impairment of long-lived assets during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Asset Retirement Obligations

In general, our future asset retirement obligations relate to future costs associated with plugging and abandoning our oil, 
natural gas and CO2 wells, removing equipment and facilities from leased acreage, and returning land to its original condition.  The 
fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recorded in the period in which it is incurred, discounted to its present 
value using our credit-adjusted-risk-free interest rate, and a corresponding amount capitalized by increasing the carrying amount 
of the related long-lived asset.  The liability is accreted each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of 
the related asset.  Revisions to estimated retirement obligations will result in an adjustment to the related capitalized asset and 
corresponding liability.  If the liability for an oil or natural gas well is settled for an amount other than the recorded amount, the 
difference is recorded to the full cost pool, unless significant.

Asset retirement obligations are estimated at the present value of expected future net cash flows.  We utilize unobservable 
inputs in the estimation of asset retirement obligations that include, but are not limited to, costs of labor and materials, profits on 

73

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

costs of labor and materials, the effect of inflation on estimated costs, and the discount rate.  Accordingly, asset retirement obligations 
are considered a Level 3 measurement under the FASC Fair Value Measurement topic.

Commodity Derivative Contracts

We utilize oil and natural gas derivative contracts to mitigate our exposure to commodity price risk associated with our future 
oil and natural gas production.  These derivative contracts have historically consisted of options, in the form of price floors, collars, 
three-way  collars,  fixed-price  swaps,  fixed-price  swaps  enhanced  with  a  sold  put,  and  basis  swaps.  Our  derivative  financial 
instruments, other than any derivative instruments that are designated under the “normal purchase normal sale” exclusion, are 
recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or a liability measured at fair value.  We do not apply hedge accounting to our 
commodity  derivative  contracts;  accordingly,  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  these  instruments  are  recognized  in  “Commodity 
derivatives expense (income)” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period of change.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, trade and 
accrued  production  receivables,  and  the  derivative  instruments  discussed  above.  Our  cash  equivalents  represent  high-quality 
securities placed with various investment-grade institutions.  This investment practice limits our exposure to concentrations of 
credit  risk.  Our  trade  and  accrued  production  receivables  are  dispersed  among  various  customers  and  purchasers;  therefore, 
concentrations of credit risk are limited.  We evaluate the credit ratings of our purchasers, and if customers are considered a credit 
risk, letters of credit are the primary security obtained to support lines of credit.  We attempt to minimize our credit risk exposure 
to the counterparties of our oil and natural gas derivative contracts through formal credit policies, monitoring procedures and 
diversification.  All of our derivative contracts are with parties that are lenders under our senior secured bank credit facility (or 
affiliates of such lenders).  There are no margin requirements with the counterparties of our derivative contracts.

Oil and natural gas sales are made on a day-to-day basis or under short-term contracts at the current area market price.  We 
would not expect the loss of any purchaser to have a material adverse effect upon our operations.  For the year ended December 31, 
2018, two purchasers accounted for 10% or more of our oil and natural gas revenues: Plains Marketing LP (24%) and Hunt Crude 
Oil Supply Company (10%).  For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, two purchasers accounted for 10% or more of 
our oil and natural gas revenues: Plains Marketing LP (22% and 20% in 2017 and 2016, respectively) and Marathon Petroleum 
Company (10% and 14% in 2017 and 2016, respectively).

Other Receivables

Denbury, along with other companies, has supported the development of a proposed plant in the Gulf Coast for which one of 
the by-products would be CO2, and for which Denbury has an offtake agreement.  Since early 2015, we have made successive 
loans towards this development, which totaled $16.9 million at December 31, 2018.  The loan is to be repaid at financial close.  
We understand the project is supported by multiple offtake agreements of various products and loans from several other interested 
parties and fixed prices have been agreed upon for engineering, procurement and construction services.  We have been informed 
by the project developer that it has been marketing and negotiating contractual terms with potential equity investors for the project 
during the past year; however, the expectation of a financial close projected by the developer continues to be delayed.  In addition, 
the project developer has informed us that potential equity investors are interested in obtaining Section 45Q tax credits seeking 
certification of the captured CO2 from the proposed plant being safely and securely stored in long-term geological storage that 
will have to be developed in the future.  Currently, the requirements to qualify for Section 45Q tax credits associated with future 
carbon capture and sequestration operations are not clear, as the U.S. Treasury (in consultation with the EPA, Department of Energy 
and the Department of Interior) have not issued regulations for determining adequate security measures for the geologic storage 
of CO2 as required by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018.  Although the project developer continues to work toward a financial 
close, due to these uncertainties, we believe it is unclear that the project developer will be able to secure the required equity 
investment and achieve a financial close.  Therefore, we have recorded a $16.9 million allowance to fully impair the loan, which 
is included within “Other expenses” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Income Taxes 

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method, under which deferred income taxes are recognized for 
the future tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets 

74

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates in effect at year end.  The effect on deferred taxes for a change in tax rates is 
recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recorded 
when it is more likely than not that the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be 
sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position.  The tax benefits recognized 
in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood 
of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share 

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders 
by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.  Diluted net income (loss) per common 
share is calculated in the same manner, but includes the impact of potentially dilutive securities.  Potentially dilutive securities 
consist of nonvested restricted stock, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), nonvested performance-based equity awards, and shares 
into which our previously-outstanding convertible senior notes were convertible.

The following table sets forth the reconciliations of net income (loss) and weighted average shares used for purposes of 

calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share for the periods indicated:

In thousands
Numerator

Net income (loss) – basic

Effect of potentially dilutive securities

Interest on convertible senior notes

Net income (loss) – diluted

Denominator

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

$

322,698

$

163,152

$

(976,177)

539

49

323,237

$

163,201

$

—
(976,177)

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic

432,483

390,928

373,859

Effect of potentially dilutive securities

Restricted stock, SARs and performance-based equity awards

Convertible senior notes

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted

6,500

17,186

456,169

2,242

2,751

—

—

395,921

373,859

Basic weighted average common shares exclude shares of nonvested restricted stock.  As these restricted shares vest, they 
will be included in the shares outstanding used to calculate basic net income (loss) per common share (although time-vesting 
restricted stock is issued and outstanding upon grant).  For purposes of calculating diluted weighted average common shares during 
the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the nonvested restricted stock and performance-based equity awards are included 
in the computation using the treasury stock method, with the deemed proceeds equal to the average unrecognized compensation 
during the period, and for the shares underlying the previously-outstanding convertible senior notes as if the convertible senior 
notes were converted at the beginning of the 2018 and 2017 periods.  In April and May 2018, all outstanding convertible senior 
notes converted into shares of Denbury common stock, resulting in the issuance of 55.2 million shares of our common stock upon 
conversion.  These shares have been included in basic weighted average common shares outstanding beginning on the date of 
conversion.  See Note 6, Long-Term Debt, for further discussion. 

75

 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following securities could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future, but were excluded from the computation of 

diluted net income (loss) per share, as their effect would have been antidilutive:

In thousands
SARs

Restricted stock and performance-based equity awards

Environmental and Litigation Contingencies

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

2,743

1,234

4,512

5,645

6,427

5,816

The Company makes judgments and estimates in recording liabilities for contingencies such as environmental remediation 
or ongoing litigation.  Liabilities are recorded when it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and such loss is reasonably 
estimable.  Assessments of liabilities are based on information obtained from independent and in-house experts, loss experience 
in similar situations, actual costs incurred, and other case-by-case factors.  Any related insurance recoveries are recognized in our 
financial statements during the period received or at the time receipt is determined to be virtually certain.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

Cash Flows.  In November 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”) 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (“ASU 2016-18”).  ASU 2016-18 addresses the diversity that existed in the classification 
and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows, and requires that a statement of cash flows explain 
the  change  in  total  cash,  cash  equivalents,  and  amounts  generally  described  as  restricted  cash  or  restricted  cash  equivalents.  
Therefore,  entities  will  no  longer  present  transfers  between  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  and  restricted  cash 
equivalents in the statement of cash flows.  Effective January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2016-18, which was applied retrospectively 
for all comparative periods presented.  Accordingly, restricted cash associated with our escrow accounts of $15.9 million and $15.4 
million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, have been included in “Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted 
cash at beginning of period” on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and $15.9 million and $15.4 million included in “Cash, 
cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period” for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.  The adoption of ASU 
2016-18 did not have an impact on our consolidated balance sheets or results of operations.

Revenue  Recognition.  In  May  2014,  the  FASB  issued ASU  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (“ASU 
2014-09”).  ASU 2014-09 amends the guidance for revenue recognition to replace numerous, industry-specific requirements.  The 
core principle of the ASU is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that 
it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. The ASU implements a five-step process for customer contract 
revenue recognition that focuses on transfer of control, as opposed to transfer of risk and rewards. The amendment also requires 
enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from contracts with 
customers.  In March, April and May 2016, the FASB issued four additional ASUs which primarily clarified the implementation 
guidance on principal versus agent considerations, performance obligations and licensing, collectibility, presentation of sales taxes 
and other similar taxes collected from customers, and non-cash consideration.  Effective January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09 
using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial 
statements but required enhanced footnote disclosures. See Note 2, Revenue Recognition, for additional information.

Not Yet Adopted

Fair Value Measurement.  In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) – Disclosure 
Framework  –  Changes  to  the  Disclosure  Requirements  for  Fair  Value  Measurements (“ASU  2018-13”).  ASU  2018-13  adds, 
modifies, or removes certain disclosure requirements for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements based on the FASB’s 
consideration of costs and benefits.  The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, 
and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted.  Entities must adopt the amendments on changes in 
unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value 
measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty prospectively, and all other amendments should be applied 
retrospectively to all periods presented.  The adoption of ASU 2018-13 is currently not expected to have a material effect on our 
consolidated financial statements but may require enhanced footnote disclosures.

76

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Leases.  In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”).  ASU 2016-02 amends the guidance 
for lease accounting to require lease assets and liabilities to be recognized on the balance sheet, along with additional disclosures 
regarding key leasing arrangements.  The ASU does not apply to mineral leases or leases that convey the right to explore for or 
use the land on which oil, natural gas, and similar natural resources are contained.  The amendments in this ASU are effective for 
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted.  
Entities must adopt the standard using a modified retrospective transition and apply the guidance to the earliest comparative period 
presented, with certain practical expedients that entities may elect to apply.  In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, Leases 
(Topic 842) – Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842, which provides an optional practical expedient to 
existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under Topic 840, which permits a company to 
evaluate  only  new  or  modified  land  easements  under  the  new  guidance.  We  intend  to  adopt  the  standard  using  a  modified 
retrospective approach with an application date of January 1, 2019 and elect the practical expedients provided in the new ASUs 
that allow historical lease classification of existing leases, allow entities to recognize leases with terms of one year or less in their 
statement of operations, and carry forward our accounting treatment for existing land easement agreements.  We have implemented 
a software system to summarize the key contract terms and financial information associated with each lease agreement, in order 
to assess the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2018-01 will have on our consolidated financial statements.  Based 
on our assessment of our leasing arrangements, we anticipate recording an operating lease liability of approximately $55 million
primarily for office leases.  The liability recognized for our financing leases has not changed as a result of the adoption of ASU 
2016-02.

Note 2. Revenue Recognition 

We record revenue in accordance with FASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which we adopted on 
January 1, 2018, and applied to all existing contracts using the modified retrospective method.  The core principle of FASC Topic 
606 is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount of consideration that it 
expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services.  This principle is achieved through applying a five-step process for 
customer contract revenue recognition:

• 

Identify the contract or contracts with a customer – We derive the majority of our revenues from oil and natural gas sales 
contracts and CO2 sales and transportation contracts.  The contracts specify each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to 
be transferred and contain commercial substance as they impact our financial statements.  A high percentage of our receivables 
balance is current, and we have not historically entered into contracts with counterparties that pose a credit risk without requiring 
adequate economic protection to ensure collection.

• 

Identify the performance obligations in the contract – Each of our revenue contracts specify a volume per day, or production 
from a lease designated in the contract (a distinct good), to be delivered at the delivery point over the term of the contract (the 
identified performance obligation).  The customer takes delivery and physical possession of the product at the delivery point, 
which generally is also the point at which title transfers and the customer obtains the risks and rewards of ownership (the identified 
performance obligation is satisfied).

•  Determine the transaction price – Typically, our oil and natural gas contracts define the price as a formula price based on 
the average market price, as specified on set dates each month, for the specific commodity during the month of delivery.  Certain 
of our CO2 contracts define the price as a fixed contractual price adjusted to an inflation index to reflect market pricing.  Given 
the industry practice to invoice customers the month following the month of delivery and our high probability of collection of 
payment, no significant financing component is included in our contracts.

•  Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract – The majority of our revenue contracts are 
short-term, with terms of one year or less, to which we have applied the practical expedient permitted under the standard eliminating 
the requirement to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations.  In limited instances, we have 
revenue contracts with terms greater than one year; however, the future delivery volumes are wholly unsatisfied as they represent 
separate performance obligations with variable consideration.  We utilized the practical expedient which eliminates the requirement 
to disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the variable consideration is allocated entirely 
to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.  As there is only one performance obligation associated with our contracts, no 
allocation of the transaction price is necessary.

77

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

•  Recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation – Once we have delivered the volume of commodity 
to the delivery point and the customer takes delivery and possession, we are entitled to payment and we invoice the customer for 
such delivered production.  Payment under most oil and CO2 contracts is made within a month following product delivery and for 
natural gas and NGL contracts is generally made within two months following delivery.  Timing of revenue recognition may differ 
from the timing of invoicing to customers; however, as the right to consideration after delivery is unconditional based on only the 
passage of time before payment of the consideration is due, upon delivery we record a receivable in “Accrued production receivable” 
in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, which was $125.8 million and $146.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 
2017, respectively.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes our revenues by product type for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:

In thousands

Oil sales

Natural gas sales
CO2 sales and transportation fees

Note 3. Potential Asset Sales 

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

1,412,358

$

1,079,703

$

924,618

10,231
31,145

9,963
26,182

11,133
24,816

$

1,453,734

$

1,115,848

$

960,567

We are marketing for sale certain surface land with no active oil and gas operations in the Houston area.  As of December 31, 
2018, the carrying value of the land was $33.0 million, which is included in “Other property and equipment” on our Consolidated 
Balance Sheets.

Note 4. Asset Retirement Obligations

The following table summarizes the changes in our asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 

2017:

In thousands
Beginning asset retirement obligations

Liabilities incurred and assumed during period

Revisions in estimated retirement obligations

Liabilities settled and sold during period

Accretion expense

Ending asset retirement obligations

Less: current asset retirement obligations(1)

Long-term asset retirement obligations

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

$

166,310

$

149,120

2,201

2,298
(9,481)
15,257

176,585
(2,115)
174,470

$

$

2,698

6,867
(5,617)
13,242

166,310
(554)
165,756

(1)  Included in “Accounts payable and accrued liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Liabilities assumed relate to minor acquisitions, with liabilities incurred generally relating to wells and facilities.

We have escrow accounts that are legally restricted for certain of our asset retirement obligations.  The balances of these 
escrow  accounts  were  $42.1  million  and  $40.6  million  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  respectively.  These  balances  are 
primarily invested in U.S. Treasury bonds, recorded at amortized cost, and money market accounts, which investments are included 
in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.  A portion of these investments are included in cash, cash equivalents, and 
restricted cash balances on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (see Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies – Cash, Cash 

78

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Equivalents, and Restricted Cash).  The carrying value of these investments approximates their estimated fair market value as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Note 5. Unevaluated Property

A summary of the unevaluated property costs excluded from oil and natural gas properties being amortized at December 31, 

2018, and the year in which the costs were incurred follows:

December 31, 2018

Costs Incurred During:

In thousands

Property acquisition costs

Exploration and development

Capitalized interest

Total

2018

2017

2016

2015 and Prior

Total

$

$

— $

8,527

$

— $

582,364

$

9,849

36,510

6,948

30,762

20,673

25,220

189,890

85,957

46,359

$

46,237

$

45,893

$

858,211

$

590,891

227,360

178,449

996,700

Our property acquisition costs for 2015 and prior were primarily related to the fair value allocated to the purchase of interests 
in the Cedar Creek Anticline (“CCA”) and Hartzog Draw, as well as CO2 tertiary potential at Conroe Field.  Exploration and 
development costs shown as unevaluated properties are primarily associated with our tertiary oil fields that are under development 
but did not have proved reserves at December 31, 2018.  The most significant development costs incurred during each period relate 
to development in preparation for the CO2 floods at Grieve and Webster fields.  We have not yet recognized proved tertiary reserves 
in these fields.

Costs are transferred into the amortization base on an ongoing basis as projects are evaluated and proved reserves established 
or  impairment  determined.  We  review  the  excluded  properties  for  impairment  at  least  annually.  We  currently  estimate  that 
evaluation of the majority of these properties and the inclusion of their costs in the amortization base is expected to be completed 
within five to ten years.  Until we are able to determine whether there are any proved reserves attributable to the above costs, we 
are not able to assess the future impact on the amortization rate of the full cost pool.

79

 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 6. Long-Term Debt

The table below reflects long-term debt and capital lease obligations outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands
Senior Secured Bank Credit Agreement

9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021

9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022

7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024

3½% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024

5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022

Pipeline financings
Capital lease obligations

Total debt principal balance

Future interest payable(1)
Debt issuance costs

Total debt, net of debt issuance costs
Less: current maturities of long-term debt(1)

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations

December 31,

2018

2017

$

— $

614,919

455,668

450,000

—
203,545

314,662

307,978

180,073
5,362

475,000

614,919

381,568

—

84,650
215,144

408,882

376,501

192,429
26,298

2,532,207
250,218
(13,089)
2,769,336
(105,125)
2,664,211

$

2,775,391
316,818
(7,935)
3,084,274
(105,188)
2,979,086

$

(1)  Future interest payable represents most of the interest due over the term of our 9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 
2021 (the “2021 Senior Secured Notes”), 9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022 (the “2022 Senior Secured Notes”) 
and to a small extent our previously outstanding 3½% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Convertible Senior 
Notes”) and has been accounted for as debt in accordance with FASC 470-60, Troubled Debt Restructuring by Debtors.  Our 
current maturities of long-term debt as of December 31, 2018 include $85.3 million of future interest payable related to the 
2021 Senior Secured Notes and 2022 Senior Secured Notes that is due within the next twelve months.  See January 2018 
Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges and 2017 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges below for further discussion.

The ultimate parent company in our corporate structure, Denbury Resources Inc. (“DRI”), is the sole issuer of all of our 
outstanding senior secured and senior subordinated notes.  DRI has no independent assets or operations.  Each of the subsidiary 
guarantors of such notes is 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by DRI, and the guarantees of the notes are full and unconditional 
and joint and several; any subsidiaries of DRI that are not subsidiary guarantors of such notes are minor subsidiaries.

Senior Secured Bank Credit Facility

In  December  2014,  we  entered  into  an Amended  and  Restated  Credit Agreement  with  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  as 
administrative agent, and other lenders party thereto (as amended, the “Bank Credit Agreement”).  The Bank Credit Agreement is 
a senior secured revolving credit facility with semiannual borrowing base redeterminations in May and November of each year, 
with the next such redetermination being scheduled for May 2019.  If our outstanding debt under the Bank Credit Agreement were 
to ever exceed the borrowing base, we would be required to repay the excess amount over a period not to exceed six months.  
Under the Bank Credit Agreement, letters of credit are available in an aggregate amount not to exceed $100 million, which may 
be increased at the sole discretion of the administrative agent, and short-term swingline loans are available in an aggregate amount 
not to exceed $25 million, each subject to the available commitments under the Bank Credit Agreement.  The Bank Credit Agreement 
is guaranteed jointly and severally by each subsidiary of DRI that is 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by DRI and is secured by 
(1) a significant portion of our proved oil and natural gas properties held through DRI’s restricted subsidiaries; (2) the pledge of 
equity interests of such subsidiaries; (3) a pledge of commodity derivative agreements of DRI and such subsidiaries (as applicable); 
and (4) a pledge of deposit accounts, securities accounts and commodity accounts of DRI and such subsidiaries (as applicable).

80

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Bank Credit Agreement limits our ability to, among other things, incur and repay indebtedness; grant liens; engage in 
certain mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions; engage in sales of assets; make acquisitions and investments; make 
distributions and dividends; and enter into commodity derivative agreements, in each case subject to customary exceptions.

In August 2018, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Bank Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), pursuant to 

which the following changes were made to the Bank Credit Agreement: 

•  The maturity date was extended from December 9, 2019 to December 9, 2021, provided that the maturity date may occur 
earlier (between February 2021 and August 2021) if the 2021 Senior Secured Notes due in May 2021 or 6 % Senior 
Subordinated Notes due in August 2021 (the “2021 Notes”) are not repaid or refinanced by their respective maturity dates;
•  The borrowing base and total commitments were reduced from $1.05 billion to $615 million while streamlining our bank 

group from 24 to 14 banks;

•  The amount of junior lien debt we can incur was increased from $1.2 billion to $1.65 billion outstanding in the aggregate 

at any one time; and

•  A Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX financial maintenance covenant was added with a ratio not to 

exceed 5.25 to 1.0 through December 31, 2020, and 4.50 to 1.0 thereafter through the maturity date.

At December 31, 2018, in addition to the Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDAX covenant added by the Sixth 
Amendment, the Bank Credit Agreement contains certain financial performance covenants through the maturity of the facility, 
including the following:

•  A consolidated senior secured debt to consolidated EBITDAX covenant, with such ratio not to exceed 2.5 to 1.0.  Currently, 
only debt under our Bank Credit Agreement is considered consolidated senior secured debt for purposes of this ratio;

•  A minimum permitted ratio of consolidated EBITDAX to consolidated interest charges of 1.25 to 1.0; and
•  A requirement to maintain a current ratio of 1.0 to 1.0.

As of December 31, 2018, (1) loans under the Bank Credit Agreement were subject to varying rates of interest based on either 
(a) for ABR Loans, a base rate determined under the Bank Credit Agreement (the “ABR”) plus an applicable margin ranging from 
1.75% to 2.75% per annum, or (b) for LIBOR Loans, the LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.75% to 3.75% per 
annum (capitalized terms as defined in the Bank Credit Agreement) and (2) the undrawn portion of the aggregate lender commitments 
under the Bank Credit Agreement was subject to a commitment fee of 0.50%.  As of December 31, 2018, we had no outstanding 
borrowings and were in compliance with all debt covenants under the Bank Credit Agreement.  The weighted average interest rate 
on borrowings outstanding under the Bank Credit Agreement was 4.5% as of December 31, 2017.

The above description of our Bank Credit Agreement is qualified by the express language and defined terms contained in the 
Bank Credit Agreement and the amendments thereto, each of which are filed as exhibits to our periodic reports filed with the SEC.

January 2018 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges

During January 2018, we closed transactions to exchange a total of $174.3 million aggregate principal amount of our then 
existing senior subordinated notes for $74.1 million aggregate principal amount of new 2022 Senior Secured Notes and $59.4 
million aggregate principal amount of new 5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Convertible Senior Notes”), resulting 
in a net reduction in our debt principal from these exchanges of $40.8 million.  The exchanged notes consisted of $11.6 million
aggregate principal amount of our 2021 Notes, $94.2 million aggregate principal amount of our 5½% Senior Subordinated Notes 
due 2022 (the “2022 Notes”) and $68.5 million aggregate principal amount of our 4 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023 (the 
“2023 Notes”).

In  accordance  with  FASC  470-60,  the  exchanges  were  accounted  for  as  a  troubled  debt  restructuring  due  to  the  level  of 
concession provided by our senior subordinated note holders.  Under this guidance, future interest applicable to the new 2022 
Senior Secured Notes and 2023 Convertible Senior Notes was recorded as debt up to the point that the principal and future interest 
of the new notes was equal to the principal amount of the extinguished notes, rather than recognizing a gain on extinguishment 
for this amount.  In May 2018, the debt principal balance and future interest applicable to the 2023 Convertible Senior Notes were 
reclassified to “Paid-in capital in excess of par” and “Common stock” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets following the conversion 
of the notes into shares of Denbury common stock (see Conversions of 2023 and 2024 Convertible Senior Notes into Common 
Stock in April and May 2018 below for further discussion).  As of December 31, 2018, $113.8 million of future interest on the 

81

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2022 Senior Secured Notes was recorded as debt, which will be reduced as semiannual interest payments are made, with the 
remaining $23.2 million of future interest to be recognized as interest expense over the term of these notes.  Therefore, future 
interest expense reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Operations on the 2022 Senior Secured Notes will be significantly 
lower than the actual cash interest payments.

2017 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges

During December 2017, we entered into privately negotiated agreements to exchange a total of $609.8 million aggregate 
principal amount of our existing senior subordinated notes for $381.6 million aggregate principal amount of new 2022 Senior 
Secured Notes and $84.7 million aggregate principal amount of new 2024 Convertible Senior Notes, resulting in a net reduction 
in our debt principal from these exchanges of $143.6 million.  The exchanged notes consisted of $364.0 million aggregate principal 
amount of our 2022 Notes and $245.8 million aggregate principal amount of our 2023 Notes.

2016 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges

During May 2016, we entered into privately negotiated agreements to exchange a total of $1,057.8 million of our existing 
senior subordinated notes for $614.9 million principal amount of our 2021 Senior Secured Notes plus 40.7 million shares of 
Denbury common stock, resulting in a net reduction from these exchanges of $442.9 million in our debt principal.  As a result of 
this debt exchange, we recognized a gain of $12.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, which is included in “Gain 
on debt extinguishment” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Conversions of 2023 and 2024 Convertible Senior Notes into Common Stock in April and May 2018

During the second quarter of 2018, holders of all $59.4 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2023 Convertible 
Senior Notes and $84.7 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 2024 Convertible Senior Notes converted their 
notes into shares of Denbury common stock, at the rates specified in the indentures for these notes, resulting in the issuance of 55.2 
million shares of our common stock upon conversion.  The debt principal balances and future interest treated as debt applicable 
to the 2023 Convertible Senior Notes and 2024 Convertible Senior Notes, totaling $162.0 million, were reclassified to “Paid-in 
capital in excess of par” and “Common stock” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets upon the conversion of the notes into shares 
of Denbury common stock.  As of April 18, 2018 and May 30, 2018, there were no remaining 2024 Convertible Senior Notes and 
2023 Convertible Senior Notes outstanding, respectively.

Senior Secured Second Lien Notes

9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021.  In May 2016, we issued $614.9 million of 2021 Senior Secured Notes.  
The 2021 Senior Secured Notes, which bear interest at a rate of 9% per annum, were issued at par in connection with privately 
negotiated exchanges with a limited number of holders of existing senior subordinated notes (see 2016 Senior Subordinated Note 
Exchanges above).  The 2021 Senior Secured Notes mature on May 15, 2021, and interest is payable semiannually in arrears on 
May 15 and November 15 of each year.  We may redeem the 2021 Senior Secured Notes in whole or in part at our option beginning 
December 15, 2018, at a redemption price of 109% of the principal amount, and at declining redemption prices thereafter, as 
specified in the indenture governing the 2021 Senior Secured Notes.  The 2021 Senior Secured Notes are not subject to any sinking 
fund requirements.

The 2021 Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed jointly and severally by our subsidiaries representing substantially all of our 
assets, operations and income and are secured by second-priority liens on substantially all of the assets that secure the Bank Credit 
Agreement, which second-priority liens are contractually subordinated to liens that secure our Bank Credit Agreement and any 
future additional priority lien debt.

9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022.  In December 2017 and January 2018, we issued $381.6 million and 
$74.1 million, respectively, of 2022 Senior Secured Notes.  The 2022 Senior Secured Notes, which bear interest at a rate of 9.25%
per annum, were issued at par in connection with exchanges with a limited number of holders of existing senior subordinated notes 
(see January 2018 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges and 2017 Senior Subordinated Note Exchanges above).  The 2022 Senior 
Secured Notes mature on March 31, 2022, and interest is payable semiannually in arrears on March 31 and September 30 of each 
year.  We may redeem the 2022 Senior Secured Notes in whole or in part at our option beginning March 31, 2019, at a redemption 
price of 109.25% of the principal amount, and at declining redemption prices thereafter, as specified in the indenture governing 

82

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

the 2022 Senior Secured Notes.  Prior to March 31, 2019, we may at our option redeem up to an aggregate of 35% of the principal 
amount of the 2022 Senior Secured Notes at a price of 109.25% of par with the proceeds of certain equity offerings.  In addition, 
at any time prior to March 31, 2019, we may redeem the 2022 Senior Secured Notes in whole or in part at a price equal to 100% 
of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest.  The 2022 Senior Secured Notes are not 
subject to any sinking fund requirements.

The 2022 Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed jointly and severally by our subsidiaries representing substantially all of our 
assets, operations and income and are secured by second-priority liens on substantially all of the assets that secure the Bank Credit 
Agreement, which second-priority liens are contractually subordinated to liens that secure our Bank Credit Agreement and any 
future additional priority lien debt.

7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024.  In August 2018, we issued $450.0 million of 7½% Senior Secured 
Second Lien Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Senior Secured Notes”). The 2024 Senior Secured Notes, which bear interest at a rate 
of 7.50% per annum, were issued at par to repay outstanding borrowings on our Bank Credit Agreement, with additional proceeds 
used  for  general  corporate  purposes.   The  2024  Senior  Secured  Notes  mature  on  February  15,  2024,  and  interest  is  payable 
semiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning in February 2019.  We may redeem the 2024 Senior 
Secured Notes in whole or in part at our option beginning August 15, 2020, at a redemption price of 103.75% of the principal 
amount, and at declining redemption prices thereafter, as specified in the indenture governing the 2024 Senior Secured Notes.  
Prior to August 15, 2020, we may at our option redeem up to an aggregate of 35% of the principal amount of the 2024 Senior 
Secured Notes at a price of 107.50% of par with the proceeds of certain equity offerings.  In addition, at any time prior to August 
15, 2020, we may redeem the 2024 Senior Secured Notes in whole or in part at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus 
a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest.  The 2024 Senior Secured Notes are not subject to any sinking fund 
requirements.

The 2024 Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed jointly and severally by our subsidiaries representing substantially all of our 
assets, operations and income and are secured by second-priority liens on substantially all of the assets that secure the Bank Credit 
Agreement, which second-priority liens are contractually subordinated to liens that secure our Bank Credit Agreement and any 
future additional priority lien debt.

Restrictive Covenants in Indentures for Senior Secured Second Lien Notes.  Each of the indentures for the 2021 Senior 
Secured  Notes,  2022  Senior  Secured  Notes  and  2024  Senior  Secured  Notes  contains  customary  covenants  that  are  generally 
consistent and that restrict our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to (1) incur additional debt; (2) make investments; 
(3)  create  liens  on  our  assets  or  the  assets  of  our  restricted  subsidiaries;  (4)  create  limitations  on  the  ability  of  our  restricted 
subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other payments to DRI or other restricted subsidiaries; (5) engage in transactions with our 
affiliates; (6) transfer or sell assets or subsidiary stock; (7) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets and 
the assets of our restricted subsidiaries; and (8) make restricted payments (which includes paying dividends on our common stock 
or redeeming, repurchasing or retiring such stock or subordinated debt (including existing senior subordinated notes)), provided 
that in certain circumstances we may make unlimited restricted payments so long as we maintain a ratio of total debt to EBITDA 
(as defined in the indentures) not to exceed 2.5 to 1.0 (both before and after giving effect to any restricted payment).  As of December 
31, 2018, we were in compliance with all debt covenants under the indentures related to our senior secured second lien notes.

Senior Subordinated Notes

6 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2021.  In February 2011, we issued $400 million of 2021 Notes.  The 2021 Notes, 
which bear interest at a rate of 6.375% per annum, were sold at par.  The 2021 Notes mature on August 15, 2021, and interest is 
payable on February 15 and August 15 of each year.  At any time prior to August 15, 2019, we may redeem the 2021 Notes in 
whole or in part at our option at a redemption price of 101.062% of the principal amount, and at declining redemption prices 
thereafter, as specified in the indenture.

5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022.  In April 2014, we issued $1.25 billion of 2022 Notes.  The 2022 Notes, which 
bear interest at a rate of 5.5% per annum, were sold at par.  The 2022 Notes mature on May 1, 2022, and interest is payable on 
May 1 and November 1 of each year.  At any time prior to May 1, 2019, we may redeem the 2022 Notes in whole or in part at our 
option, at a redemption price of 102.750% of the principal amount, and at declining redemption prices thereafter, as specified in 
the indenture.  The 2022 Notes are not subject to any sinking fund requirements.

83

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

4 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023.  In February 2013, we issued $1.2 billion of 2023 Notes.  The 2023 Notes, 
which bear interest at a rate of 4.625% per annum, were sold at par.  The 2023 Notes mature on July 15, 2023, and interest is 
payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year.  At any time prior to January 15, 2020, we may redeem the 2023 Notes in whole 
or in part at our option at a redemption price of 101.542% of the principal amount, and at declining redemption prices thereafter, 
as specified in the indenture.  The 2023 Notes are not subject to any sinking fund requirements.

Restrictive Covenants in Indentures for Senior Subordinated Notes.  Each of the indentures for the 2021 Notes, 2022 
Notes and 2023 Notes contains certain covenants that are generally consistent and that restrict our ability and the ability of our 
restricted  subsidiaries  to  take  or  permit  certain  actions,  including  restrictions  on  our  ability  and  the  ability  of  our  restricted 
subsidiaries to (1) incur additional debt; (2) make investments; (3) create liens on our assets or the assets of our restricted subsidiaries; 
(4) create restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other payments to DRI or other restricted 
subsidiaries; (5) engage in transactions with our affiliates; (6) transfer or sell assets or subsidiary stock; (7) consolidate, merge or 
transfer all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of our restricted subsidiaries; and (8) make restricted payments (which 
includes paying dividends on our common stock or redeeming, repurchasing or retiring such stock or subordinated debt), provided 
that the restricted payments covenant in the indentures for the 2022 and 2023 Notes (the “2022 and 2023 Indentures”) permits us 
in certain circumstances to make unlimited restricted payments so long as we maintain a ratio of total debt to EBITDA (both as 
defined in the 2022 and 2023 Indentures) not to exceed 2.5 to 1.0 (both before and after giving effect to any restricted payment), 
although we will not be able to realize the practical benefit of the restricted payment covenant flexibility in the 2022 and 2023 
Indentures until the 2021 Notes have been redeemed or retired.  As of December 31, 2018, we were in compliance with all debt 
covenants under the indentures related to our senior subordinated notes.

2016 Repurchases of Senior Subordinated Notes.  During 2016, we repurchased a total of $181.9 million of our outstanding 
long-term indebtedness, consisting of $9.8 million principal amount of our 2021 Notes, $66.1 million principal amount of our 
2022 Notes, and $106.0 million principal amount of our 2023 Notes in open-market transactions for a total purchase price of $76.7 
million,  excluding  accrued  interest.  In  connection  with  these  series  of  transactions,  we  recognized  a  $103.1  million  gain  on 
extinguishment, net of unamortized debt issuance costs written off, during the year ended December 31, 2016.

Pipeline Financings

In May 2008, we closed two transactions with Genesis Energy, L.P. (“Genesis”) involving two of our pipelines.  The NEJD 
Pipeline  system  included  a  20-year  financing  lease,  and  the  Free  State  Pipeline  included  a  long-term  transportation  service 
agreement.  These transactions are both accounted for as financing leases.

Debt Issuance Costs

In connection with the issuance of our outstanding long-term debt, we have incurred debt issuance costs, which are being 
amortized  to  interest  expense  using  the  straight  line  or  effective  interest  method  over  the  term  of  each  related  facility  or 
borrowing.  Remaining unamortized debt issuance costs were $19.1 million and $13.8 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively.  Issuance costs associated with our Bank Credit Agreement are included in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance 
Sheets, and issuance costs associated with our senior secured second lien notes and senior subordinated notes are included as a 
reduction of “Long-term debt, net of current portion” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

84

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Indebtedness Repayment Schedule

At December 31, 2018, our indebtedness, including our capital and financing lease obligations but excluding future interest 
payable treated as debt in accordance with FASC 470-60, Troubled Debt Restructuring by Debtors, is payable over the next five 
years and thereafter as follows:

In thousands

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Thereafter

Total indebtedness

Note 7. Income Taxes

Our income tax provision (benefit) is as follows:

In thousands
Current income tax expense (benefit)

Federal

State

Total current income tax benefit

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Federal

State

Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Total income tax expense (benefit)

$

$

19,180

16,638

834,296

788,752

327,622

545,719
2,532,207  

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

(17,885) $
1,884
(16,001)

(19,485) $
(1,388)
(20,873)

—
(785)
(785)

93,395

9,839

103,234

$

87,233

$

(113,863)
18,084
(95,779)
(116,652) $

(521,519)
(21,866)
(543,385)
(544,170)

At December 31, 2018, we had no federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”), tax effected business interest expense 
carryforward totaling $9.0 million, state NOLs and tax credits totaling $52.4 million (before provision for valuation allowance), 
an estimated $57.8 million of enhanced oil recovery credits to carry forward related to our tertiary operations, an estimated $21.6 
million of research and development credits, and $18.1 million of alternative minimum tax credits.  Under the Tax Cut and Jobs 
Act (“the Act”) enacted in December 2017, all of our alternative minimum tax credits are fully refundable by 2021 and are recorded 
as a receivable on the balance sheet.  We considered our assessment of the recorded tax benefit associated with the impacts of the 
Act to be substantially complete as of December 31, 2017, which is reflected in the table reconciling income tax expense below.  
Federal and state regulatory guidance of the Act are continuing to be issued and could result in further tax effects but are not 
expected to be material to our financial statements.  Our business interest expense carryforward does not expire.  Our state NOLs 
expire in various years, starting in 2019, although most do not begin to expire until 2024.  Our enhanced oil recovery credits and 
research and development credits begin to expire in 2024 and 2031, respectively.

Deferred income taxes reflect the available tax carryforwards and the temporary differences based on tax laws and statutory 
rates in effect at the December 31, 2018 and 2017 balance sheet dates.  As of December 31, 2018, we had $51.1 million of deferred 
tax assets associated with State of Louisiana and Mississippi net operating losses and tax credits.  A tax valuation allowance was 
recorded in 2015 to reduce the carrying value of our Louisiana deferred tax assets as the result of a tax law enacted in the State of 
Louisiana,  which  limits  a  company’s  utilization  of  certain  deductions,  including  our  net  operating  loss  carryforwards.   As  of 
December 31, 2018, tax valuation allowances totaling $41.9 million were recorded for our State of Louisiana deferred tax assets.  
Based on losses from falling commodity prices and lower future forecasted income related to our Mississippi deferred tax assets, 

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

we concluded it was not more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets would be realized.  Accordingly, we recorded a valuation 
allowance against our Mississippi deferred tax assets in 2017.  As of December 31, 2018, tax valuation allowances totaling $9.2 
million were recorded for our State of Mississippi deferred tax assets.  The valuation allowances will remain until the realization 
of future deferred tax benefits are more likely than not to become utilized.  The decrease in our valuation allowance was due to a 
utilization of a portion of our net operating loss carryforwards, offset by the generation of additional state tax credit carryforwards.

As of December 31, 2018, we had an unrecognized tax benefit of $5.4 million related to an uncertain tax position.  The 
unrecognized tax benefit was recorded during 2015 as a direct reduction of the associated deferred tax asset and, if recognized, 
would not materially affect our annual effective tax rate.  The tax benefit from an uncertain tax position will only be recognized 
if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, based upon the 
technical merits of the position.  We currently do not expect a material change to the uncertain tax position within the next 12 
months.  Our policy is to recognize penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense; however, no 
such amounts were accrued related to the uncertain tax position as of December 31, 2018.

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

In thousands
Deferred tax assets

Loss carryforwards – federal

Loss and tax credit carryforwards – state

Tax credit carryover

Business credit carryforwards

Derivative contracts

Unrecognized gain and original issue discount on debt exchange

Accrued liabilities and other reserves

Other

Valuation allowance

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Property and equipment

Derivative contracts

Other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Total net deferred tax liability

December 31,

2018

2017

$

— $

52,366

—

79,528

—

73,937

25,231

32,257
(51,093)
212,226

18,581

53,367

20,270

73,057

23,024

85,951

2,673

29,681
(51,134)
255,470

(492,214)
(23,127)
(6,643)
(521,984)
(309,758) $

(450,629)
—
(2,940)
(453,569)
(198,099)

$

86

 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Our reconciliation of income tax expense computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate and the reported effective tax 

rate on income from continuing operations is as follows:

In thousands
Income tax provision (benefit) calculated using the federal statutory
income tax rate

State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit

Tax shortfall (windfall) on stock-based compensation deduction

Valuation allowance

Enhanced oil recovery tax credits generated

Re-measurement of deferreds related to federal tax rate change

Other

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

86,086

$

16,275

$

11,968
(1,565)
(42)
(10,818)
—

1,604

2,764

5,567

5,562
(11,307)
(132,224)
(3,289)
(116,652) $

(532,121)
(25,351)
9,557

2,910

—

—

835
(544,170)

Total income tax expense (benefit)

$

87,233

$

We file consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in many state jurisdictions.  The 
statutes of limitation for our income tax returns for tax years ending prior to 2015 have lapsed and therefore are not subject to 
examination by respective taxing authorities.  We have not paid any significant interest or penalties associated with our income 
taxes.

Note 8. Stockholders’ Equity

401(k) Plan

We  offer  a  401(k)  plan  to  which  employees  may  contribute  earnings  subject  to  IRS  limitations.  We  match  100%  of  an 
employee’s contribution, up to 6% of compensation, as defined by the plan, which is vested immediately.  During 2018, 2017 and 
2016, our matching contributions to the 401(k) plan were approximately $6.2 million, $7.1 million and $7.7 million, respectively.

2017 Retirement of Treasury Stock

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we retired 5.0 million shares of existing treasury stock, with a carrying value 
of $46.6 million, acquired principally through the delivery by our employees of shares to satisfy tax withholding requirements 
related to the vesting of restricted shares, as well as shares acquired through our stock repurchase program.  These retired shares 
were included in the pool of authorized but unissued shares at the date of retirement.  Our accounting policy upon the retirement 
of treasury stock is to deduct its par value from common stock and reduce additional paid-in capital by the excess amount of 
treasury stock retired.

Note 9. Stock Compensation

The Amended and Restated 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of March 29, 2018 (the “2004 
Plan”), is an incentive plan that provides for the issuance of incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, 
restricted stock units, SARs settled in stock, and performance-based awards to officers, employees and directors.  Since the 2004 
Plan’s inception, awards covering a total of 48.4 million shares of common stock have been authorized for issuance pursuant to 
the 2004 Plan.  As of December 31, 2018, 9.1 million shares were available under the 2004 Plan for future issuance of awards, all 
of which could be issued in the form of restricted stock or performance-based awards.  Our incentive compensation program is 
administered by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors.  The 2004 Plan was last approved by our stockholders 
in May 2017 and will expire in May 2027.

Stock-based compensation expense associated with our field employees is included in “Lease operating expenses,” while such 
expense associated with non-field employees is included in “General and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements 
of  Operations.  Stock-based  compensation  associated  with  our  employees  involved  in  exploration  and  drilling  activities  is 
capitalized as part of “Oil and natural gas properties” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Effective January 1, 2016, with the 

87

 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

adoption of ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, we made an accounting policy election 
to account for forfeitures as they occur, versus the previously-estimated forfeiture rate.

Stock-based compensation costs for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, are as follows:

In thousands
Stock-based compensation expensed

General and administrative expenses

Lease operating expenses

Total stock-based compensation expensed

Stock-based compensation capitalized

Total cost of stock-based compensation arrangements

Income tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements

SARs

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

$

$

11,951

$

15,154

$

14,359

—

11,951

3,487

15,438

2,988

$

$

—

15,154

4,567

19,721

5,759

$

$

636

14,995

6,047

21,042

5,698

Prior to January 1, 2016, we granted SARs settled in stock to our employees.  The SARs generally become exercisable over 
a three-year vesting period, with the specific terms of vesting determined at the time of grant based on guidelines established by 
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.  The SARs expire over terms not to exceed 7 years from the date of grant, 
90 days after termination of employment, 90 days or one year after permanent disability, depending on the award, or one year after 
the death of the optionee.  The SARs were granted with a strike price equal to the fair market value at the time of grant, which is 
generally defined as the closing price on the NYSE on the date of grant.

The following is a summary of our SAR activity:

Number
of Awards

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(in years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

3,666,025

$

13.07

Granted

Exercised

Forfeited
Expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2018

—

—

—
(1,165,140)
2,500,885

—

—

—
18.78

10.41

Exercisable at end of period

2,497,612

$

10.41

2.2

$

2.2

$

—

—

The following is a summary of the total intrinsic value of SARs exercised and grant-date fair value of SARs vested:

In thousands

Intrinsic value of SARs exercised

Grant-date fair value of SARs vested

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

— $

— $

1,095

1,818

—

4,787

88

 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2018, all SARs vested and there was no remaining compensation cost to be recognized in future periods 
related  to  nonvested  share-based  SAR  compensation  arrangements.    There  were  no  exercises  of  SARs  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016.

Restricted Stock 

We grant non-performance-based restricted stock to employees and directors as part of our long-term compensation program.  
Holders of non-performance-based restricted stock awards have the rights of owning non-restricted stock (including voting rights) 
except that the holders are not entitled to delivery of a portion thereof until certain requirements are met.  Beginning in 2014, non-
performance-based restricted stock awards provide the holders with forfeitable dividend equivalent rights which vests with the 
underlying shares.  Non-performance-based restricted stock vests over a three-year vesting period, with the specific terms of vesting 
determined at the time of grant.

As  of  December 31,  2018,  there  was  $23.0  million  of  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to  nonvested  non-
performance-based restricted stock grants.  This unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-
average period of 2.1 years.  The following is a summary of the total vesting date fair value of non-performance-based restricted 
stock:

In thousands

Fair value of restricted stock vested

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

23,060

$

9,325

$

6,161

A summary of the status of our nonvested non-performance-based restricted stock grants issued, and the changes during the 

year ended December 31, 2018, is presented below:

Nonvested at December 31, 2017

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2018

Performance-Based Equity Awards

Number
of Shares

9,748,683

$

4,651,571
(5,055,129)
(354,547)
8,990,578

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

2.51

4.62

2.81

3.43

3.40

Annually, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors grants performance-based equity awards to Denbury’s 
officers.  Performance-based awards generally vest over 1.25 to 3.25 years for awards granted in 2016 and 2017 and over 3.25 
years for awards granted in 2018.  The number of performance-based shares earned (and eligible to vest) during the performance 
period will depend upon: (1) our level of success in achieving specifically identified performance targets (“Performance-Based 
Operational Awards”) and (2) performance of our stock relative to that of a designated peer group (“Performance-Based TSR 
Awards”).  Generally, one-half of the maximum number of shares that could be earned under the performance-based awards will 
be earned for performance at the designated target levels (100% target vesting levels) or upon any earlier change of control, and 
twice the target number of shares will be earned if the maximum target levels are met (200% of target vesting levels).  With respect 
to the performance-based equity awards, any amounts earned above the 100% target levels will be payable in cash, rather than in 
shares of Denbury stock, in order to conserve available shares under the Plan.  If performance is below the designated minimum 
levels, no performance-based shares will be earned.  Performance-Based Operational Awards are valued using the fair market 
value of Denbury stock, and Performance-Based TSR Awards are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation.

89

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2018, there was $4.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested performance-
based equity awards.  This unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 
years.  The range of assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation valuation approach for Performance-Based TSR Awards 
(presented at the target level) are as follows:

Weighted average fair value of Performance-Based TSR Awards granted

$

Risk-free interest rate

Expected life

Expected volatility

Dividend yield

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

2.29

$

2.37%

3.42

$

1.49%

1.78

1.31%

3.0 years

3.0 years

3.0 years

102.9%

—%

94.7%

—%

57.2%

—%

A summary of the status of the nonvested performance-based equity awards (presented at the target level) during the year 

ended December 31, 2018, is as follows:

Nonvested at December 31, 2017
Granted(1)
Vested(2)
Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2018

Performance-Based
Operational Awards

Performance-Based
TSR Awards

Number
of Awards

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value

Number
of Awards

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value

554,218

$

857,812
(554,218)
—

857,812

5.47

2.43

5.47

—

2.43

2,497,417

$

1,705,342
(396,643)
—

3,806,116

3.76

2.29

7.55

—

2.71

(1)  Amounts granted reflect the number of performance units granted.  The actual payout of the shares may be between 0% and 
200%, with any amounts earned above the 100% target levels payable in cash, rather than in shares of Denbury stock, in order 
to conserve available shares under the Plan.

(2)  During 2018, the service period lapsed on these performance unit awards.  The lapsed units earned a weighted average of 
75% and 53% of target for each vested Operational and TSR performance-based award, respectively, representing 415,045
aggregate shares of common stock issued.

The following is a summary of the total vesting date fair value of performance-based equity awards:

In thousands

Vesting date fair value of Performance-Based Operational Awards

$

Vesting date fair value of Performance-Based TSR Awards

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

595

542

$

1,079

$

227

—

81

Note 10. Commodity Derivative Contracts

We do not apply hedge accounting treatment to our oil and natural gas derivative contracts; therefore, the changes in the fair 
values of these instruments are recognized in income in the period of change.  These fair value changes, along with the settlements 
of expired contracts, are shown under “Commodity derivatives expense (income)” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Historically, we have entered into various oil and natural gas derivative contracts to provide an economic hedge of our exposure 
to commodity price risk associated with anticipated future oil and natural gas production and to provide more certainty to our 
future cash flows.  We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.  Generally, these contracts have 
consisted of various combinations of price floors, collars, three-way collars, fixed-price swaps, fixed-price swaps enhanced with 

90

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

a sold put, and basis swaps.  The production that we hedge has varied from year to year depending on our levels of debt, financial 
strength and expectation of future commodity prices.

We manage and control market and counterparty credit risk through established internal control procedures that are reviewed 
on an ongoing basis.  We attempt to minimize credit risk exposure to counterparties through formal credit policies, monitoring 
procedures and diversification, and all of our commodity derivative contracts are with parties that are lenders under our Bank 
Credit Agreement (or affiliates of such lenders).  As of December 31, 2018, all of our outstanding derivative contracts were subject 
to enforceable master netting arrangements whereby payables on those contracts can be offset against receivables from separate 
derivative contracts with the same counterparty.  It is our policy to classify derivative assets and liabilities on a gross basis on our 
balance sheets, even if the contracts are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements.

The following table summarizes our commodity derivative contracts as of December 31, 2018, none of which are classified 

as hedging instruments in accordance with the FASC Derivatives and Hedging topic:

Index Price

Months
Oil Contracts:
2019 Fixed-Price Swaps

Jan – June

Jan – Dec

NYMEX

Argus LLS

2019 Three-Way Collars(2)

Jan – June

July – Dec

Jan – Dec

NYMEX

NYMEX

Argus LLS

2020 Three-Way Collars(2)

Jan – Dec

Jan – Dec

NYMEX

Argus LLS

Volume
(Barrels per
day)

Contract Prices ($/Bbl)

Weighted Average Price

Range(1)

Swap

Sold Put

Floor

Ceiling

3,500

7,000

18,500

22,000

5,500

1,000

1,000

$

$

$

59.00 –

60.00 –

59.10

$

59.05

$

74.90

66.57

— $

—

— $

—

—

—

55.00 –

55.00 –

62.00 –

60.00 –

65.00 –

75.45

$

— $

48.84

$

56.84

$

75.45

86.00

—

—

48.55

54.73

56.55

63.09

82.65

$

— $

50.00

$

60.00

$

87.10

—

55.00

65.00

69.94

69.17

79.93

82.50

86.80

(1)  Ranges presented for fixed-price swaps represent the lowest and highest fixed prices of all open contracts for the period 
presented.  For three-way collars, ranges represent the lowest floor price and highest ceiling price for all open contracts for 
the period presented.

(2)  A three-way collar is a costless collar contract combined with a sold put feature (at a lower price) with the same counterparty.  
The value received for the sold put is used to enhance the contracted floor and ceiling price of the related collar.  At the contract 
settlement date, (1) if the index price is higher than the ceiling price, we pay the counterparty the difference between the index 
price and ceiling price for the contracted volumes, (2) if the index price is between the floor and ceiling price, no settlements 
occur, (3) if the index price is lower than the floor price but at or above the sold put price, the counterparty pays us the difference 
between the index price and the floor price for the contracted volumes and (4) if the index price is lower than the sold put 
price, the counterparty pays us the difference between the floor price and the sold put price for the contracted volumes.

Note 11. Fair Value Measurements

The FASC Fair Value Measurement topic defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to 
transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (often referred to as the “exit 
price”).  We  utilize  market  data  or  assumptions  that  market  participants  would  use  in  pricing  the  asset  or  liability,  including 
assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique.  These inputs can be readily observable, 
market corroborated or generally unobservable.  We primarily apply the income approach for recurring fair value measurements 
and endeavor to utilize the best available information.  Accordingly, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of 
observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  We are able to classify fair value balances based on the observability 
of those inputs.  The FASC establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy 
gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) 
and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

91

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

•  Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date.

•  Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or 
indirectly observable as of the reported date.  Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models 
or other valuation methodologies.  Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded oil derivatives that are based 
on NYMEX pricing and fixed-price swaps that are based on regional pricing other than NYMEX (e.g., Light Louisiana 
Sweet).  Our costless collars and the sold put features of our three-way collars are valued using the Black-Scholes model, 
an industry standard option valuation model that takes into account inputs such as contractual prices for the underlying 
instruments, maturity, quoted forward prices for commodities, interest rates, volatility factors and credit worthiness, as 
well  as  other  relevant  economic  measures.  Substantially  all  of  these  assumptions  are  observable  in  the  marketplace 
throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at 
which transactions are executed in the marketplace.

•  Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable.  These inputs may be used with 
internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.  As of December 31, 2018, 
instruments in this category included non-exchange-traded three-way collars that were based on regional pricing other 
than NYMEX (e.g., Light Louisiana Sweet).  The valuation models utilized for costless collars and three-way collars 
were consistent with the methodologies described above; however, the implied volatilities utilized in the valuation of 
Level 3 instruments were developed using a benchmark, which was considered a significant unobservable input. An 
increase or decrease of 100 basis points in the implied volatility inputs utilized in our fair value measurement would result 
in a change of approximately $180 thousand in the fair value of these instruments as of December 31, 2018. 

We adjust the valuations from the valuation model for nonperformance risk, using our estimate of the counterparty’s credit 
quality  for  asset  positions  and  our  credit  quality  for  liability  positions.  We  use  multiple  sources  of  third-party  credit  data  in 
determining counterparty nonperformance risk, including credit default swaps.

The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted 

for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands
December 31, 2018

Assets

Oil derivative contracts – current
Oil derivative contracts – long-term

Total Assets

December 31, 2017

Liabilities

Oil derivative contracts – current

Total Liabilities

Fair Value Measurements Using:

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$

$

$

$

— $
—

— $

81,621
2,030

83,651

$

$

11,459
2,165

13,624

$

$

93,080
4,195

97,275

— $

— $

(99,061) $
(99,061) $

— $

— $

(99,061)
(99,061)

Since we do not apply hedge accounting for our commodity derivative contracts, any gains and losses on our assets and 
liabilities are included in “Commodity derivatives expense (income)” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The  following  table  summarizes  the  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  our  Level  3  assets  and  liabilities  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands

Fair value of Level 3 instruments, beginning of year

Fair value adjustments on commodity derivatives

Payment on settlements of commodity derivatives

Fair value of Level 3 instruments, end of year

The amount of total gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in
unrealized gains relating to assets or liabilities still held at the reporting date

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

$

$

$

— $

13,624

—

13,624

$

13,624

$

(526)
526

—

—

—

We  utilize  an  income  approach  to  value  our  Level  3  three-way  collars. We  obtain  and  ensure  the  appropriateness  of  the 
significant  inputs  to  the  calculation,  including  contractual  prices  for  the  underlying  instruments,  maturity,  forward  prices  for 
commodities, interest rates, volatility factors and credit worthiness, and the fair value estimate is prepared and reviewed on a 
quarterly basis. The following table details fair value inputs related to implied volatilities utilized in the valuation of our Level 3 
oil derivative contracts:

Fair Value at
12/31/2018
(in thousands)

Oil derivative
contracts

$

13,624

Other Fair Value Measurements

Valuation
Technique

Discounted
cash flow /
Black-Scholes

Unobservable Input

Volatility Range

Volatility of Light Louisiana Sweet for settlement
periods beginning after December 31, 2018

23.3% – 43.5%

The carrying value of our loans under our Bank Credit Agreement approximate fair value, as they are subject to short-term 
floating interest rates that approximate the rates available to us for those periods.  We use a market approach to determine the fair 
value of our fixed-rate long-term debt using observable market data.  The fair values of our senior secured second lien notes, 
previously  outstanding  convertible  senior  notes,  and  senior  subordinated  notes  are  based  on  quoted  market  prices,  which  are 
considered Level 1 measurements under the fair value hierarchy.  The estimated fair value of the principal amount of our debt as 
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, excluding pipeline financing and capital lease obligations, was $1,886.1 million and $2,260.6 
million, respectively.  We have other financial instruments consisting primarily of cash, cash equivalents, short-term receivables 
and payables that approximate fair value due to the nature of the instrument and the relatively short maturities.

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

We lease office space, equipment and vehicles that have non-cancelable lease terms.  Currently, our outstanding leases have 
terms up to 14 years.  We have subleased part of the office space included in our operating leases for which we received rental 
payments.  The following table summarizes operating lease payments paid and sublease rentals received during the periods indicated:

In thousands

Operating lease payments

Sublease rental receipts

Year Ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

25,448

$

25,075

$

2,224

4,275

22,744

3,074

93

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following tables summarize by year the remaining non-cancelable future payments under our leases as of December 31, 

2018:

In thousands

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

Less: Amount representing interest

Present value of minimum lease payments

In thousands

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

Pipeline
and Capital
Leases

32,369

28,502

26,361

27,871

27,899

113,439

256,441
(71,006)
185,435

Operating
Leases

10,690

9,776

10,007

10,223

10,262

18,169

69,127

$

$

$

$

In addition, we expect to receive approximately $8.1 million for 2019 through 2021 under our sublease agreements.

Commitments

We have entered into long-term commitments to purchase CO2 that are either non-cancelable or cancelable only upon the 
occurrence of specified future events.  The commitments continue for up to 9 years.  The price we will pay for CO2 generally 
varies  depending  on  the  amount  of  CO2  delivered  and  the  price  of  oil.  Once  all  commitments  have  commenced,  our  annual 
commitment under these contracts could range from $14 million to $33 million per year, assuming a $60 per Bbl NYMEX oil 
price.

We are party to long-term contracts that require us to deliver CO2 to our industrial CO2 customers at various contracted prices, 
plus we have a CO2 delivery obligation to Genesis related to one CO2 volumetric production payment (“VPP”).  Based upon the 
maximum amounts deliverable as stated in the industrial contracts and the VPP, we estimate that we may be obligated to deliver 
up to 853 Bcf of CO2 to these customers over the next 16 years.  The maximum volume required in any given year is approximately 
254 MMcf/d, which we judge to be minor given the size of our Jackson Dome proved CO2 reserves at December 31, 2018, our 
current production capabilities and our projected levels of CO2 usage for our own tertiary flooding program.

Litigation

We are involved in various lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings incidental to our businesses. While we currently 
believe that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect 
on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties.  We accrue for losses 
from litigation and claims if we determine that a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

94

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Riley Ridge Helium Supply Contract Claim

As part of our 2010 and 2011 acquisitions of the Riley Ridge Unit and associated gas processing facility that was under 
construction, the Company assumed a 20-year helium supply contract under which we agreed to supply the helium separated from 
the full well stream by operation of the gas processing facility to a third-party purchaser, APMTG Helium, LLC (“APMTG”).  The 
helium supply contract provides for the delivery of a minimum contracted quantity of helium with liquidated damages payable if 
specified quantities of helium are not supplied in accordance with the terms of the contract.  The liquidated damages are specified 
in the contract at up to $8.0 million per contract year and are capped at an aggregate of $46.0 million over the term of the contract. 

As the gas processing facility has been shut-in since mid-2014 due to significant technical issues, we have not been able to 
supply helium under the helium supply contract.  In a case filed in November 2014 in the Ninth Judicial District Court of Sublette 
County, Wyoming, APMTG claimed multiple years of liquidated damages for non-delivery of volumes of helium specified under 
the helium supply contract.  The Company’s position is that our contractual obligations are excused by virtue of events that fall 
within the force majeure provisions in the helium supply contract.  

On January 21, 2019, the Company received notice of the trial court’s ruling that a force majeure condition did exist, but the 
Company’s performance was only excused by the force majeure provisions of the contract for a 35-day period in 2014, and as a 
result  the  Company  should  pay  APMTG  liquidated  damages  and  interest  thereon  for  those  time  periods  from  contract 
commencement to the close of evidence (November 29, 2017) when the Company’s performance was not excused as provided in 
the contract.  The trial court has not yet entered a final judgment based upon its decision.  The Company currently estimates the 
contractual liquidated damages to be $31.8 million, representing the amount due for the contract years for which evidence was 
submitted at the trial ending November 29, 2017.  However, absent reversal of the trial court’s factual or legal conclusions on 
appeal, the Company anticipates total liquidated damages will equal the $46.0 million aggregate cap under the helium supply 
contract (which includes an additional $14.2 million of liquidated damages for the contract years ending July 31, 2018 and July 
31, 2019) and other costs associated with the settlement of approximately $3.4 million, the total of which the Company has included 
in “Other liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and “Other expenses” in our Consolidated 
Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018.  The Company’s position continues to be that its contractual 
obligations have been and continue to be excused by events that fall within the force majeure provisions in the helium supply 
contract.  The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend its position and pursue all of its rights, which may include an 
appeal of the trial court’s ruling, the results of which cannot be currently predicted.

Other Contingencies

We are subject to audits for various taxes (income, sales and use, and severance) in the various states in which we operate, 
and from time to time receive assessments for potential taxes that we may owe.  In the past, settlement of these matters has not 
had a material adverse financial impact on us, and currently we have no material assessments for potential taxes.

The Penn Virginia Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights for both Denbury and Penn Virginia, including, 
among others, if the Merger is not completed by April 30, 2019.  In the event of a termination of the Merger Agreement under 
certain circumstances, Penn Virginia may be required to pay Denbury a termination fee of $45 million, or Denbury may be required 
to pay Penn Virginia a termination fee of $45 million, in each case depending on the circumstances of the termination.

We are subject to various possible contingencies that arise primarily from interpretation of federal and state laws and regulations 
affecting the oil and natural gas industry.  Such contingencies include differing interpretations as to the prices at which oil and 
natural gas sales may be made, the prices at which royalty owners may be paid for production from their leases, environmental 
issues and other matters.  Although we believe that we have complied with the various laws and regulations, administrative rulings 
and interpretations thereof, adjustments could be required as new interpretations and regulations are issued.  In addition, production 
rates, marketing and environmental matters are subject to regulation by various federal and state agencies.

95

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 13. Additional Balance Sheet Details

Trade and Other Receivables, Net

In thousands
Trade accounts receivable, net

Federal income tax receivable, net

Commodity derivative settlement receivables

Other receivables

Total

Note 14. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

In thousands
Supplemental cash flow information

Cash paid for interest, expensed

Cash paid for interest, capitalized

Cash paid for interest, treated as a reduction of debt

Cash paid for income taxes

Cash received from income tax refunds

Noncash investing and financing activities

Increase in asset retirement obligations

Increase (decrease) in liabilities for capital expenditures

Conversion of convertible senior notes into common stock

Retirement of treasury stock

Note 15. Subsequent Events

Penn Virginia Merger Agreement 

December 31,

2018

2017

11,643

$

9,037

2,390

3,900

26,970

$

15,926

8,262

—

21,005

45,193

$

$

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

50,076

$

98,261

$

130,843

37,079

79,606

492
(8,280)

4,499

14,600

162,004

—

30,762

50,349

450
(13,323)

9,565

3,930

—

46,562

25,982

25,835

375
(2,455)

11,621
(13,593)
—

—

On October 28, 2018, we entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Penn Virginia 
Corporation (NASDAQ: PVAC) (“Penn Virginia”), the closing of which is subject to approval by shareholders of Penn Virginia 
and Denbury’s stockholders and other conditions.  The Merger Agreement provides for each share of Penn Virginia common stock 
(“Penn Virginia Common Stock”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger (other than as 
described in the Merger Agreement) to be converted into the right to receive, at the election of the holder of such share of Penn 
Virginia Common Stock, either, (i) $25.86 in cash without interest and 12.4 shares of the Company’s common stock (“Denbury 
Common Stock”), (ii) $79.80 in cash without interest (the “Cash Election”), or (iii) 18.3454 shares of Denbury Common Stock 
(the “Stock Election”).  The Cash and Stock Elections are to be subject to proration to ensure that the total amount of cash paid 
to holders of Penn Virginia Common Stock is equal to $400 million.  In the aggregate, $400 million in cash and approximately 
191.8 million shares of Denbury Common Stock are expected to be paid as merger consideration.  Consummation of the merger 
is subject to satisfaction of customary conditions.  Denbury and Penn Virginia each scheduled April 17, 2019 as the date for their 
respective upcoming special stockholder meetings, at which time shareholders will vote on, among other items, the merger of Penn 
Virginia with and into Denbury.

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

October 2018 Financing Commitment Letter

In connection with the Merger Agreement, Denbury received a commitment letter from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., subject 
to certain funding conditions, for a proposed new $1.2 billion senior secured revolving credit facility with a maturity date of 
December 9, 2021 and a $400 million senior secured second lien bridge facility to be available to the extent Denbury does not 
secure alternate financing prior to April 30, 2019.  These two new debt financings are expected to be used to fully or partially fund 
the $400 million cash portion of the consideration in the acquisition, potentially retire and replace Penn Virginia’s $200 million
second lien term loan, replace Penn Virginia’s existing bank credit facility, which had $321 million drawn and outstanding as of 
December 31, 2018, and pay fees and expenses.

97

Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND NATURAL GAS DISCLOSURES (UNAUDITED)

Costs Incurred

The following table summarizes costs incurred and capitalized in oil and natural gas property acquisition, exploration and 
development  activities.  Property  acquisition  costs  are  those  costs  incurred  to  purchase,  lease  or  otherwise  acquire  property, 
including both undeveloped leasehold and the purchase of reserves in place.  Exploration costs include costs of identifying areas 
that may warrant examination and examining specific areas that are considered to have prospects containing oil and natural gas 
reserves,  including  costs  of  drilling  exploratory  wells,  geological  and  geophysical  costs,  and  carrying  costs  on  undeveloped 
properties.  Development costs are incurred to obtain access to proved reserves, including the cost of drilling development wells, 
and to provide facilities for extracting, treating, gathering and storing the oil and natural gas, and the cost of improved recovery 
systems.

We capitalize interest on unevaluated oil and natural gas properties that have ongoing development activities.  Included in 
costs incurred in the table below is capitalized interest of $36.5 million, $30.8 million and $25.2 million during the years ended 
December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Costs incurred also include new asset retirement obligations established, as 
well as changes to asset retirement obligations resulting from revisions in cost estimates or abandonment dates.  Asset retirement 
obligations included in the table below were $6.8 million, $5.6 million and $3.9 million during the years ended December 31, 
2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  See Note 4, Asset Retirement Obligations, for additional information.

Costs incurred in oil and natural gas activities were as follows:

In thousands
Property acquisitions

Proved

Unevaluated

Exploration

Development

Total costs incurred(1)

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

$

2,030

$

75,086

$

—

1,030

338,203

15,748

297

274,325

$

341,263

$

365,456

$

4,867

8,771

176

251,597

265,411

(1)  Capitalized general and administrative costs that directly relate to exploration and development activities were $37.2 million, 

$41.1 million and $48.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

98

 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

Oil and Natural Gas Operating Results

Results of operations from oil and natural gas producing activities, excluding corporate overhead and interest costs, were as 

follows:

In thousands, except per BOE data
Oil, natural gas, and related product sales

Lease operating expenses

Marketing expenses, net of third-party purchases, and plant operating
expenses

Production and ad valorem taxes

Depletion, depreciation, and amortization
CO2 properties and pipelines depletion and depreciation(1)
Write-down of oil and natural gas properties

Commodity derivatives expense (income)

Net operating income (loss)

Income tax provision (benefit)

Results of operations from oil and natural gas producing activities

Depletion, depreciation, and amortization per BOE

$

$

$

Year Ended December 31,
2017
1,089,666

$

$

2018
1,422,589

489,720

447,799

39,147

96,589

144,423
48,792

—
(21,087)
625,005

156,251

468,754

8.77

$

$

39,617

79,198

134,721
49,241

—

77,576
261,514

99,375

162,139

8.36

$

$

2016

935,751

414,937

45,151

68,878

169,550
50,573

810,921

127,944
(752,203)
(285,837)
(466,366)

9.40

(1)  Represents an allocation of the depletion and depreciation of our CO2 properties and pipelines associated with our tertiary oil 

producing activities.

Oil and Natural Gas Reserves

Net  proved  oil  and  natural  gas  reserve  estimates  for  all  years  presented  were  prepared  by  DeGolyer  and  MacNaughton, 
independent petroleum engineers located in Dallas, Texas.  These oil and natural gas reserve estimates do not include any value 
for probable or possible reserves that may exist, nor do they include any value for undeveloped acreage.  The reserve estimates 
represent our net revenue interest in our properties.  See Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows and Changes 
Therein Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves below for a discussion of the effect of the different prices on reserve 
quantities and values.  Operating costs, production and ad valorem taxes, and future development costs were based on current 
costs as of December 31, 2018.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved reserves and in projecting the future rates of 
production and timing of development expenditures.  The following reserve data represents estimates only and should not be 
construed as being exact.  Moreover, the present values should not be construed as the current market value of our oil and natural 
gas reserves or the costs that would be incurred to obtain equivalent reserves.  Estimates of reserves as of year-end 2018, 2017
and 2016 were prepared using an average price equal to the unweighted arithmetic average of hydrocarbon prices received on a 
field-by-field basis on the first day of each month within the applicable fiscal 12-month period.  All of our reserves are located in 
the United States.

99

 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

Estimated Quantities of Proved Reserves

Year Ended December 31,

Oil
(MBbl)

2018

Gas
(MMcf)

Total
(MBOE)

Oil
(MBbl)

2017

Gas
(MMcf)

Total
(MBOE)

Oil
(MBbl)

2016

Gas
(MMcf)

Total
(MBOE)

Balance at beginning of
year

Revisions of previous
estimates

252,625

42,721

259,745

247,103

44,315

254,489

282,250

38,305

288,634

21,658

6,115

22,677

14,352

2,541

14,775

(9,302)

16,289

(6,587)

Improved recovery(1)

2,314

(157)

2,288

1,936

—

1,936

—

—

—

Production

(21,364)

(3,962)

(22,024)

(21,320)

(4,135)

(22,009)

(22,487)

(5,628)

(23,425)

Acquisition of minerals
in place

—

—

—

10,554

Sales of minerals in place

(191)

(1,709)

(476)

—

—

—

10,554

36

—

36

—

(3,394)

(4,651)

(4,169)

Balance at end of year

255,042

43,008

262,210

252,625

42,721

259,745

247,103

44,315

254,489

Proved Developed
Reserves – end of year

Proved Undeveloped
Reserves – end of year

222,736

42,912

229,888

222,531

42,435

229,603

201,919

43,955

209,245

32,306

96

32,322

30,094

286

30,142

45,184

360

45,244

(1)  Improved recovery reflects reserve additions that result from the application of secondary recovery methods such as water 
flooding, or tertiary recovery methods such as CO2 flooding.  In order to recognize proved tertiary oil reserves, we must either 
have an oil production response to CO2 injections or the field must be analogous to an existing tertiary flood.  The magnitude 
of proved reserves that we can book in any given year will depend on our progress with new floods and the timing of the 
production response.  

Revisions of previous estimates during 2018 and 2017 primarily reflect increases in commodity prices between December 

31, 2016 and 2018.

There were no significant additions, excluding acquisitions of minerals in place, to our oil and natural gas reserves in 2017 
or 2016, as the magnitude of proved reserves that we can book in any given year depends on our progress with new floods and 
the timing of the production response, and we initiated no new floods in 2018, 2017 or 2016.  Acquisitions of minerals in place 
during 2017 were primarily related to our non-operated working interest acquisitions in Salt Creek and West Yellow Creek fields.

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows and Changes Therein Relating to Proved Oil and Natural 
Gas Reserves

The Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows and Changes Therein Relating to Proved Oil and Natural 
Gas Reserves (“Standardized Measure”) does not purport to present the fair market value of our oil and natural gas properties.  An 
estimate of such value should consider, among other factors, anticipated future prices of oil and natural gas, the probability of 
recoveries  in  excess  of  existing  proved  reserves,  the  value  of  probable  reserves  and  acreage  prospects,  and  perhaps  different 
discount rates.  It should be noted that estimates of reserve quantities, especially from new discoveries, are inherently imprecise 
and subject to substantial revision.

Under the Standardized Measure, future cash inflows were estimated by applying a first-day-of-the-month 12-month average 
price to the estimated future production of year-end proved reserves.  These prices have a significant impact on both the quantities 
and value of the proved reserves, as reductions in oil and natural gas prices can cause wells to reach the end of their economic life 
much sooner and can make certain proved undeveloped locations uneconomical, both of which reduce the reserves.  The following 
representative oil and natural gas prices were used in the Standardized Measure.  These prices were adjusted by field to arrive at 
the appropriate corporate net price.

100

 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

Oil (NYMEX price per Bbl)

Natural Gas (Henry Hub price per MMBtu)

2018

December 31,
2017

$

65.56

$

51.34

$

3.10

2.98

2016

42.75

2.55

The changes in the Standardized Measure of discounted future net cash flows in the tables that follow were significantly 
impacted by the movement in first-day-of-the-month average NYMEX oil prices between 2016 and 2018.  The weighted-average 
oil  prices  we  receive  relative  to  NYMEX  oil  prices  (our  NYMEX  oil  price  differential)  utilized  were  $0.24  per  Bbl  below 
representative NYMEX oil prices as of December 31, 2018, compared to $2.25 per Bbl below representative NYMEX oil prices 
as of December 31, 2017, and $3.39 per Bbl below representative NYMEX oil prices as of December 31, 2016.

Future cash inflows were reduced by estimated future production, development and abandonment costs based on current cost, 
with no escalation to determine pre-tax cash inflows.  Our future net inflows do not include a reduction for cash previously expended 
on our capitalized CO2 assets that will be consumed in the production of proved tertiary reserves.  Future income taxes were 
computed by applying the statutory tax rate to the excess of net cash inflows over our tax basis in the associated proved oil and 
natural  gas  properties.  Tax  credits  and  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  were  also  considered  in  the  future  income  tax 
calculation.  Future  net  cash  inflows  after  income  taxes  were  discounted  using  a  10%  annual  discount  rate  to  arrive  at  the 
Standardized Measure.

In thousands
Future cash inflows

Future production costs

Future development costs

Future income taxes

Future net cash flows

10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

2018
$ 16,657,988
(8,000,884)
(1,524,476)
(1,186,769)
5,945,859
(2,594,474)
3,351,385

$

December 31,
2017
$ 12,421,620
(6,623,563)
(1,433,900)
(528,767)
3,835,390
(1,602,961)
2,232,429

$

$

$

2016
9,747,726
(5,743,198)
(1,595,871)
(258,047)
2,150,610
(751,393)
1,399,217

The following table sets forth an analysis of changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows from 

proved oil and natural gas reserves:

In thousands
Beginning of year

Sales of oil and natural gas produced, net of production costs

Net changes in prices and production costs
Improved recovery(1)
Previously estimated development costs incurred

Change in future development costs

Revisions due to timing and other

Accretion of discount

Acquisition of minerals in place

Sales of minerals in place

Net change in income taxes

End of year

$

Year Ended December 31,
2017
1,399,217
(523,049)
1,231,649

2018
2,232,429
(797,132)
1,963,333

$

$

11,536

109,214
(42,240)
10,915

234,434

—

6,119

89,238

39,926
(71,141)
142,007

77,366

1,281
(372,385)
3,351,385

$

—
(158,903)
2,232,429

$

2016
1,890,124
(406,782)
(784,010)
—

86,012

85,797

48,697

209,608

477
(16,671)
285,965

$

1,399,217

(1)  Improved recovery additions result from the application of secondary recovery methods such as water flooding or tertiary 

recovery methods such as CO2 flooding.

101

 
 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

SUPPLEMENTAL CO2 DISCLOSURES (UNAUDITED)

Based on engineering reports prepared by DeGolyer and MacNaughton, proved CO2 reserves were estimated as follows:

In MMcf
CO2 reserves

Gulf Coast region(1)
Rocky Mountain region(2)

Year Ended December 31,
2017

2016

2018

4,982,440

1,155,538

5,164,741

1,187,787

5,332,576

1,214,428

(1)  Proved CO2 reserves in the Gulf Coast region consist of reserves from our reservoirs at Jackson Dome and are presented on 
a gross (8/8ths) basis, of which our net revenue interest was approximately 4.0 Tcf, 4.1 Tcf and 4.2 Tcf at December 31, 2018, 
2017 and 2016, respectively, and include reserves dedicated to volumetric production payments of 3.1 Bcf, 7.6 Bcf and 12.3 
Bcf at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(2)  Proved CO2 reserves in the Rocky Mountain region consist of our overriding royalty interest in LaBarge Field, of which our 
net revenue interest was approximately 1.2 Tcf, 1.2 Tcf and 1.2 Tcf at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

102

 
 
 
 
Denbury Resources Inc. 
Unaudited Supplementary Information

UNAUDITED QUARTERLY INFORMATION

In thousands, except per-share data
2018

Revenues and other income

Commodity derivatives expense (income)

Other expenses

Net income

Net income per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Cash flow provided by operating activities
Cash flow used in investing activities(1)
Cash flow provided by (used in) financing activities

2017

Revenues and other income

$

Commodity derivatives expense (income)

Other expenses

Net income

Net income per common share:

Basic

Diluted

Cash flow provided by operating activities
Cash flow used in investing activities(1)
Cash flow provided by (used in) financing activities

March 31

June 30

September 30

December 31

$

353,234

$

387,063

$

394,973

$

48,825

250,811

39,578

0.10

0.09

91,627
(51,376)
(40,578)

$

275,454
(24,602)
257,552

21,530

0.06

0.05

24,262
(67,696)
43,476

96,199

251,211

30,222

0.07

0.07

153,999
(83,522)
(69,908)

261,184
(10,373)
246,885

14,399

0.04

0.04

52,946
(152,991)
102,368

44,577

256,361

78,419

0.17

0.17

147,904
(81,834)
679

338,355
(210,688)
326,398

174,479

0.39

0.38

136,155
(116,544)
(47,645)

$

266,559

$

326,589

25,263

255,083

442

0.00

0.00

65,651
(73,123)
3,756

87,288

246,190

126,781

0.32

0.31

124,284
(63,004)
(60,987)

(1)  Balances presented above reflect the adoption of FASB ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (“ASU 2016-18”), whereby 
changes in restricted cash are now included in the consolidated statements of cash flows (see Note 1, Significant Accounting 
Policies – Recent Accounting Pronouncements).  Our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2018 
and June 30, 2018, filed with the SEC on May 10, 2018 and August 9, 2018, respectively, incorrectly included in the beginning-
of-period and end-of-period balances of “Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash” in our Statements of Cash Flows, certain 
U.S. Treasury Notes held in escrow accounts legally restricted for use in certain of our asset retirement obligations.  Under 
Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification (“FASC”) 230-10-20, these notes do not meet the definition of restricted 
cash and restricted cash equivalents due to their maturity date exceeding 90 days.  Therefore, changes in the U.S. Treasury 
Notes of $0.6 million and $0.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and six months ended June 30, 2018, 
respectively, should have been included in net cash used in investing activities.  Accordingly, net cash used in investing 
activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018, originally reported as $50.8 million, should have been $51.4 million, 
and net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018, originally reported as $134.1 million, should 
have been $134.9 million.  Management has evaluated the quantitative and qualitative impact of the error to previously issued 
unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows and concluded that the previously issued consolidated financial statements 
were not materially misstated.

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Denbury Resources Inc.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) was performed under the supervision and with the 
participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer.  Based on that evaluation, 
our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as 
of December 31, 2018, to ensure that information that is required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files and submits 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded; that it is processed, summarized and reported within the time periods 
specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and that information that is required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated 
and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow 
timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief 
Financial Officer, we have determined that, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, there were no changes in our internal control 
over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial 
reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined 
in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  of  the  Securities  Exchange Act  of  1934,  as  amended.  Under  the  supervision  and  with  the 
participation  of  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  our  Chief  Financial  Officer,  we  assessed  the 
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report based on the framework 
in “Internal Control – Integrated Framework” (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission.  Based on that assessment, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our internal 
control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting 
and  the  preparation  of  our  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles.

The  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31,  2018,  has  been  audited  by 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in the report that appears herein.

Important Considerations

The effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting is subject to 
various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of 
future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud.  Moreover, projections of any 
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time.  Because of these 
limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial 
reporting will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to 
the appropriate levels of management.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

104

 
Denbury Resources Inc.

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Except as disclosed below, information as to Item 10 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement (“Proxy Statement”) for the 2019

Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 22, 2019 (“Annual Meeting”), and is incorporated herein by reference.

Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers.  This Code of Ethics, including any amendments or waivers, 

is posted on our website at www.denbury.com.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Information as to Item 11 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting and is incorporated herein by 

reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Information as to Item 12 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting and is incorporated herein by 

reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Information as to Item 13 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting and is incorporated herein by 

reference.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Information as to Item 14 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting and is incorporated herein by 

reference.

105

Denbury Resources Inc.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Financial Statements and Schedules.  Financial statements and schedules filed as a part of this report are presented on page 
63.  All financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, or the required information is presented 
in the financial statements or the notes to consolidated financial statements.

Exhibits.  The following exhibits are included as part of this report.

Exhibit No.
2(a)

Exhibit
Agreement and Plan of Merger among Denbury Resources Inc., Penn Virginia Corporation, Dragon Merger 
Sub Inc. and DR Sub LLC, dated as of October 28, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Form 8-
K filed by the Company on October 29, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

3(a)

3(b)

4(a)

4(b)

4(c)

4(d)

4(e)

4(f)

4(g)

4(h)

Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Denbury Resources Inc. filed with the Delaware Secretary of 
State on October 30, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
November 7, 2014, File No. 001-12935).

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Denbury Resources Inc. as of November 4, 2014 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 3(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2014, File No. 001-12935).

Indenture for 6 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2021, dated as of February 17, 2011, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on February 22, 2011, File No. 001-12935).

First Supplemental Indenture for 6 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2021, dated as of December 31, 2014, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(x) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on February 27, 2015, 
File No. 001-12935).

Second Supplemental Indenture for 6 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2021, dated as of September 8, 2017, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2017, 
File No. 001-12935).

Indenture for 4 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023, dated as of February 5, 2013, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on February 5, 2013, File No. 001-12935).

First Supplemental Indenture for 4 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023, dated as of December 31, 2014, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(z) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on February 27, 2015, 
File No. 001-12935).

Second Supplemental Indenture for 4 % Senior Subordinated Notes due 2023, dated as of September 8, 2017, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2017, 
File No. 001-12935).

Indenture for 5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022, dated as of April 30, 2014, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on May 1, 2014, File No. 001-12935).

First Supplemental Indenture for 5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022, dated as of December 31, 2014, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(bb) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on February 27, 
2015, File No. 001-12935).

106

Denbury Resources Inc.

Exhibit No.
4(i)

Exhibit
Second Supplemental Indenture for 5½% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2022, dated as of September 8, 2017, 
by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, 
as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(c) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2017, 
File No. 001-12935).

4(j)

4(k)

4(l)

4(m)

4(n)

4(o)

10(a)

10(b)

10(c)

10(d)

10(e)

Indenture for 9% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021, dated as of May 10, 2016, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee and Collateral 
Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on May 11, 2016, File No. 
001-12935).

First Supplemental Indenture for 9% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2021, dated as of September 8, 2017, by 
and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as 
Trustee and Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(d) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company 
on November 7, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Indenture for 9¼% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2022, dated as of December 6, 2017, by and among 
Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee and 
Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 
12, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Indenture for 3½% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024, dated as of December 6, 2017, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., certain of its subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 12, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Indenture, dated as of January 9, 2018, among the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and 
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, with respect to $59,439,000 aggregate principal amount 
of 5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the 
Company on January 11, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Indenture, dated as of August 21, 2018, among the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and 
Wilmington  Trust,  National Association,  as  Trustee  and  Collateral  Trustee,  with  respect  to  $450,000,000 
aggregate principal amount of 7½% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2024 (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2014, by and among Denbury Resources 
Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the lending institutions party 
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 15, 2014, 
File No. 001-12935).

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 4, 2015, by and among Denbury 
Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial institutions 
party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 6, 2015, 
File No. 001-12935).

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2016, by and among 
Denbury Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial 
institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on 
February 23, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 18, 2016, by and among 
Denbury Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial 
institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on April 
20, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

Fourth Amendment  to Amended  and  Restated  Credit Agreement,  dated  as  of  May  3,  2017,  by  and  among 
Denbury Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial 
institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on May 
4, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

107

Denbury Resources Inc.

Exhibit No.
10(f)

Exhibit
Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 6, 2017, by and among 
Denbury Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial 
institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
November 7, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

10(g)

10(h)

10(i)

10(j)

10(k)

10(l)

10(m)

10(n)

10(o)

10(p)

10(q)

10(r)

Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 13, 2018, by and among 
Denbury Resources Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the financial 
institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on 
August 14, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Commitment Letter, dated October 28, 2018, from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. regarding a revolving credit 
facility and a bridge facility (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company 
on November 9, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Collateral Trust Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2016, by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its 
subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee and Collateral Trustee (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on May 11, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

Collateral Trust Joinder, dated as of December 6, 2017, by and among Denbury Resources Inc., certain of its 
subsidiaries, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee and Collateral Trustee (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 12, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Collateral Trust Joinder, dated as of January 9, 2018, among the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors named 
therein, Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, the other parity lien representatives from time to 
time party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on January 11, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Collateral Trust  Joinder,  dated  as  of August  21,  2018,  between Wilmington Trust,  National Association,  as 
Trustee, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2018, File No. 001-12935). 

Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2016, by and between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Priority 
Lien Agent, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on May 11, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

Priority Confirmation Joinder, dated as of December 6, 2017, by and between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as 
Priority  Lien  Agent,  and  Wilmington  Trust,  National  Association,  as  Collateral  Trustee  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 12, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Priority Confirmation Joinder, dated as of August 21, 2018, by and between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as 
Priority  Lien  Agent,  and  Wilmington  Trust,  National  Association,  as  Collateral  Trustee  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Collateral Trust Joinder, dated as of January 9, 2018, among the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors named 
therein, Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, the other parity lien representatives from time to 
time party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Collateral Trustee (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on January 11, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Pipeline Financing Lease Agreement, dated as of May 30, 2008, by and between Genesis NEJD Pipeline, LLC, 
as Lessor, and Denbury Onshore, LLC, as Lessee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of Form 8-K filed 
by the Company on June 5, 2008, File No. 001-12935).

Transportation Services Agreement, dated as of May 30, 2008, by and between Genesis Free State Pipeline, 
LLC and Denbury Onshore, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Form 8-K filed by the Company 
on June 5, 2008, File No. 001-12935).

108

Denbury Resources Inc.

Exhibit No.
10(s)**

Exhibit
Form of Indemnification Agreement, by and between Denbury Resources Inc. and its officers and directors 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2017, File No. 
001-12935).

10(t)**

10(u)**

10(v)**

10(w)**

10(x)**

10(y)**

10(z)**

10(aa)**

10(bb)**

10(cc)**

10(dd)**

10(ee)**

10(ff)**

Denbury  Resources  Inc.  Director  Deferred  Compensation  Plan,  as  amended  and  restated  effective  as  of 
December 16, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(i) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on February 
26, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

Denbury Resources Inc. Severance Protection Plan, as amended and restated effective as of March 29, 2018 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 10, 2018, File No. 
001-12935).

Denbury Resources Inc. 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective as of March 
29, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 10, 2018, 
File No. 001-12935).

2004 Form of Restricted Stock Award that vests on retirement for grants to officers pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus 
Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(l) of Form 10-
K filed by the Company on March 15, 2005, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of TSR Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 6, 2016, 
File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of TSR Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 6, 2016, 
File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of EBITDAX Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(mm) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on 
March 1, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of EBITDAX Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(nn) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on 
March 1, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of Oil Price Change vs. TSR Performance Award, under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive 
Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company 
on May 6, 2016, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of Restricted Share Award to officers pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(pp) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on 
March 1, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of Restricted Stock Award to non-employee directors pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and 
Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(qq) of Form 10-K filed by 
the Company on March 1, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2016 Form of Deferred Stock Unit Award pursuant to the Director Deferred Compensation Plan (with respect 
to deferred long-term incentive awards) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(rr) of Form 10-K filed by the 
Company on March 1, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

Standalone Restricted Share New Hire Inducement Award Agreement between Denbury Resources Inc. and 
Christian S. Kendall, dated September 8, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by 
the Company on September 8, 2015, File No. 001-12935).

109

Denbury Resources Inc.

Exhibit No.
10(gg)**

Exhibit
Restricted Stock Officer Promotion Award pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(tt) of Form 10-K filed by the Company on March 1, 
2017, File No. 001-12935).

10(hh)**

10(ii)**

10(jj)**

10(kk)**

10(ll)**

2017 Form of TSR Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 5, 2017, 
File No. 001-12935).

2017 Form of TSR Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 5, 2017, 
File No. 001-12935).

2017 Form of EBITDAX Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
May 5, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2017 Form of EBITDAX Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
May 5, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2017 Form of Oil Change vs. TSR Performance Award under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
May 5, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

10(mm)**

2017 Form of Restricted Share Award to officers pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
August 8, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

10(nn)**

10(oo)**

10(pp)**

10(qq)**

10(rr)**

10(ss)**

10(tt)**

2017 Form of Restricted Share Award to non-employee directors pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and 
Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of Form 10-Q filed by 
the Company on August 8, 2017, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of TSR Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 10, 
2018, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of TSR Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury 
Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 10, 
2018, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of Debt-Adjusted Reserves Growth Per Share Performance Award-Cash under the 2004 Omnibus 
Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of Form 10-
Q filed by the Company on May 10, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of Debt-Adjusted Reserves Growth Per Share Performance Award-Equity under the 2004 Omnibus 
Stock and Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of Form 10-
Q filed by the Company on May 10, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of Restricted Share Award to officers pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan for 
Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on 
August 9, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

2018 Form of Restricted Share Award to non-employee directors pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock and 
Incentive Plan for Denbury Resources Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of Form 10-Q filed by 
the Company on August 9, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

110

Denbury Resources Inc.

Exhibit No.
10(uu)

10(vv)

10(ww)

Exhibit
Voting and Support Agreement, by and among Denbury Resources Inc. and Strategic Value Partners, LLC, SVP 
Special Situations III LLC, SVP Special Situations III-A LLC, Strategic Value Master Fund, Ltd., Strategic 
Value Special Situations Fund III, L.P. and Strategic Value Opportunities Fund, L.P., dated as of October 28, 
2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on October 29, 2018, File 
No. 001-12935).

Voting  and  Support  Agreement,  by  and  between  Denbury  Resources  Inc.  and  KLS  Diversified  Asset 
Management LP, dated as of October 28, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K filed by 
the Company on October 29, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

Voting and Support Agreement, by and among Denbury Resources Inc. and John A. Brooks, David Geenberg, 
Michael Hanna, Darin G. Holderness, Jerry R. Schuyler, Frank Pottow, Steven A. Hartman and Benjamin Mathis, 
dated as of October 28, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 8-K filed by the Company on 
October 29, 2018, File No. 001-12935).

10(xx)**

Officer Retirement Agreement, by and between Denbury Resources Inc. and Phil Rykhoek, dated as of March 
21, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of Form 10-Q filed by the Company on May 5, 2017, File 
No. 001-12935).

21*

23(a)*

23(b)*

31(a)*

31(b)*

32*

99*

List of subsidiaries of Denbury Resources Inc.

Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.

Consent of DeGolyer and MacNaughton.

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.

The summary of DeGolyer and MacNaughton’s Report as of December 31, 2018, on oil and gas reserves (SEC 
Case) dated February 19, 2019.

*   Included herewith.
** Compensation arrangements.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

111

Denbury Resources Inc.

SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Denbury Resources Inc. has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

February 28, 2019

/s/ Mark C. Allen

DENBURY RESOURCES INC.

Mark C. Allen
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

February 28, 2019

/s/ Alan Rhoades

Alan Rhoades
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

persons on behalf of Denbury Resources Inc. and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

February 28, 2019

/s/ Christian S. Kendall

Christian S. Kendall
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

February 28, 2019

/s/ Mark C. Allen

Mark C. Allen
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

February 28, 2019

/s/ Alan Rhoades

Alan Rhoades
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

February 28, 2019

February 28, 2019

February 28, 2019

February 28, 2019

/s/ John P. Dielwart

John P. Dielwart
Director

/s/ Michael B. Decker

Michael B. Decker
Director

/s/ Gregory L. McMichael

Gregory L. McMichael
Director

/s/ Kevin O. Meyers

Kevin O. Meyers
Director

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 28, 2019

February 28, 2019

February 28, 2019

Denbury Resources Inc.

/s/ Lynn A. Peterson

Lynn A. Peterson
Director

/s/ Randy Stein

Randy Stein
Director

/s/ Laura A. Sugg

Laura A. Sugg
Director

113

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES

Exhibit 21

Name of Subsidiary

Jurisdiction of Organization

Denbury Operating Company

Denbury Onshore, LLC

Denbury Pipeline Holdings, LLC

Denbury Holdings, Inc.

Denbury Green Pipeline – Texas, LLC

Greencore Pipeline Company, LLC

Denbury Gulf Coast Pipelines, LLC

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-01006, 333-27995, 
333-55999,  333-70485,  333-39172,  333-39218,  333-39224,  333-63198,  333-90398,  333-106253,  333-116249,  333-143848, 
333-160178, 333-167480, 333-175273, 333-189438, 333-206320, 333-206808, 333-212402 and 333-218941), Form S-3 (No. 
333-222066) and Form S-4 (No. 333-228935) of Denbury Resources Inc. of our report dated February 28, 2019 relating to the 
financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K.

Exhibit 23(a)

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Dallas, Texas

February 28, 2019

Exhibit 23(b)

DeGolyer and MacNaughton
5001 Spring Valley Road
Suite 800 East
Dallas, Texas 75244

February 27, 2019

Denbury Resources Inc.
5320 Legacy Drive
Plano, Texas 75024

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We hereby consent to the use of the name DeGolyer and MacNaughton, to references to DeGolyer and MacNaughton, to the 
inclusion of our report of third party dated February 19, 2019, regarding the proved reserves of Denbury Resources Inc., and to 
the inclusion of information taken from our reports entitled “Report as of December 31, 2018 on Reserves and Revenue of Certain 
Properties with interests attributable to Denbury Resources Inc. SEC Case” (the 2018 Report), “Report as of December 31, 2017 
on Reserves and Revenue of Certain Properties owned by Denbury Resources Inc. SEC Case,” and “Report as of December 31, 
2016 on Reserves and Revenue of Certain Properties owned by Denbury Resources Inc. SEC Case” in the Annual Report on Form 
10-K of Denbury Resources Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2018.  We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference of 
information contained in the 2018 Report in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 (No. 333-228935).

Very truly yours,

/s/ DeGolyer and MacNaughton

DeGolyer and MacNaughton

Texas Registered Engineering Firm F-716

Exhibit 31(a) 

CERTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Christian S. Kendall, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Denbury Resources Inc. (the registrant);

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officers  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or  persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

February 28, 2019

/s/ Christian S. Kendall

Christian S. Kendall

Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31(b) 

CERTIFICATION UNDER SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

I, Mark C. Allen, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Denbury Resources Inc. (the registrant);

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officers  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or  persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

February 28, 2019

/s/ Mark C. Allen

Mark C. Allen

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer, and Assistant Secretary

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 32

In connection with the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the Report) of Denbury 
Resources Inc. (Denbury) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, each of the undersigned, in his capacity as an 
officer of Denbury, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002, that to his knowledge:

1.  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; 

and

2. 

information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations 
of Denbury.

Dated: February 28, 2019

Dated: February 28, 2019

  /s/ Christian S. Kendall

  Christian S. Kendall

  Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

  /s/ Mark C. Allen

Mark C. Allen

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer, and Assistant Secretary

 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING

John P. Dielwart
Chairman of the Board

Vice-Chairman

ARC Financial Corp.

Michael B. Decker
Partner

Wingate Partners

Christian S. Kendall
President

and Chief Executive Officer

Denbury Resources Inc.

Gregory L. McMichael
Independent Consultant

Kevin O. Meyers
Independent Consultant

Lynn A. Peterson
President and Chief Executive Officer

SRC Energy Inc.

Randy Stein
Independent Consultant

Laura A. Sugg
Independent Consultant

Mary M. VanDeWeghe
Chief Executive Officer and President 

Forte Consulting, Inc.

New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) Ticker

Symbol: DNR

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

Denbury Resources Inc. 

5320 Legacy Drive 

Plano, Texas 75024 

972. 673. 2000 

www.denbury.com

STOCK TRANSFER AGENT  
& REGISTRAR

For questions concerning dividends, stock 
certificates, transfer procedures or address 
changes, please contact:

Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions 
P.O. Box 1342, Brentwood, NY 11717 
866.804.4482 
Email: shareholder@broadridge.com 
www.shareholder.broadridge.com/bcis

INVESTOR INQUIRIES

Mark Allen
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial

Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary

972. 673. 2000

John Mayer
Director of Investor Relations

972. 673. 2383

CONTACTING BOARD MEMBERS

Email: john.mayer@denbury.com

ANNUAL CERTIFICATIONS

During 2018, our Chief Financial Officer 
certified to the NYSE that he is not aware of 
any violation by the Company of the NYSE’s 
corporate governance listing standards.

You may contact our board members by 
addressing a letter to Denbury Resources 
Inc., Attn: Corporate Secretary, or  
by email to secretary@denbury.com

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Christian S. Kendall
President and

Chief Executive Officer

Mark Allen
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial

Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary

Jim Matthews

Executive Vice President, 
Chief Administrative Officer, General 
Counsel and Secretary

FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
REQUESTS

For additional information and to receive 
additional copies of the Annual Report on 
Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or to obtain 
other Denbury public documents, please 
contact:

Denbury Resources Inc.  
Investor Relations 
5320 Legacy Drive  
Plano, Texas 75024 
972.673.2000 
Email: ir@denbury.com

Our Form 10-K filed with the SEC is 
included herein, excluding all exhibits 
other than our Section 302, 404 and 906 
certifications by the CEO and CFO. We will 
send shareholders our Form 10-K exhibits 
and any of our corporate governance 
documents, without charge, upon request. 
These documents are also available on our 
website at www.denbury.com.

ANNUAL MEETING

The Annual Meeting of the Stockholders 
will be held on Wednesday, May 22, 2019, 
at 8:00 A.M. CDT at Denbury’s Corporate 
Headquarters, located at 5320 Legacy Drive, 
Plano, Texas 75024.

LEGAL COUNSEL

Baker & Hostetler LLP

BANKERS

J.P. Morgan (Agent)

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED  
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

RESERVE ENGINEERS

DeGolyer and MacNaughton

Denbury Resources Inc.
5320 Legacy Drive
Plano, Texas 75024
972.673.2000
www.denbury.com