UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the Transition Period from _____ to _____
Commission File Number 001-15204
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Ontario, Canada
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
Not Applicable
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
45 St. Clair Avenue West, Suite 400
Toronto, Ontario
(Address of principal executive offices)
M4V 1K9
(Zip Code)
1-416-848-1171
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Common Stock, no par value
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data
File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that
No
the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference
in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting
company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting
company)
Smaller Reporting Company
Emerging Growth Company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
No
As of June 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of the registrant's voting common stock held by non-affiliates of registrant was $85,076,504
based upon the closing sale price of the common stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange. Solely for purposes of this calculation,
all executive officers and directors of the registrant are considered affiliates.
The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock outstanding as of March 16, 2018 was 23,660,855.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III of this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to certain sections of the Proxy Statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,
which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31,
2017.
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Table Of Contents
PART I
Item 1. Business
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2. Properties
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Item 9B. Other Information
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX
3
4
4
16
27
27
27
27
28
28
30
31
54
56
110
110
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
115
115
124
125
126
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "2017 Annual Report"), including the accompanying consolidated financial statements
of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. ("Kingsway") and its subsidiaries (individually and collectively referred to herein as the
"Company") and the notes thereto appearing in Item 8 herein (the "Consolidated Financial Statements"), Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing in Item 7 herein (the "MD&A"), and the other Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules filed as a part hereof or incorporated by reference herein may contain or incorporate by reference
information that includes or is based on forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of
1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and reflect Kingsway management's current beliefs,
based on information currently available. The words "anticipate," "expect," "believe," "may," "should," "estimate," "project,"
"outlook," "forecast" and variations or similar words and expressions are used to identify such forward looking information, but
these words are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements. Specifically, statements about (i) the Company's
ability to preserve and use its net operating losses; (ii) the Company's expected liquidity; and (iii) the potential impact of volatile
investment markets and other economic conditions on the Company's investment portfolio and underwriting results, among others,
are forward-looking, and the Company may also make forward-looking statements about, among other things:
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its results of operations and financial condition (including, among other things, premium volume, premium rates, net and
operating income, investment income and performance, return on equity, and expected current returns and combined ratios);
changes in facts and circumstances affecting assumptions used in determining the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses;
the number and severity of insurance claims (including those associated with catastrophe losses) and their impact on the
adequacy of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses;
the impact of emerging claims issues as well as other insurance and non-insurance litigation;
orders, interpretations or other actions by regulators that impact the reporting, adjustment and payment of claims;
changes in industry trends and significant industry developments;
uncertainties related to regulatory approval of insurance rates, policy forms, license applications and similar matters;
the impact of certain guarantees made by the Company;
the ability to complete current or future acquisitions successfully;
the ability to successfully implement our restructuring activities; and
strategic initiatives.
For a discussion of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ, see Item 1A,"Risk Factors," and Item 7, "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions," in
this 2017 Annual Report.
Except as expressly required by applicable securities laws, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise
any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, that might arise subsequent
to the date of this 2017 Annual Report.
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Part I
Item 1. BUSINESS
Kingsway Financial Services Inc. was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on September 19, 1989. In
this report, the terms "Kingsway," the "Company," "we," "us" or "our" mean Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and all entities
included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company's registered office is located at 45 St. Clair Avenue West, Suite 400, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 1K9. The
common shares of Kingsway are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol
"KFS."
Kingsway is a Canadian holding company with operating subsidiaries located in the United States. The Company operates as a
merchant bank with a focus on long-term value-creation. The Company owns or controls subsidiaries primarily in the insurance,
extended warranty, asset management and real estate industries and pursues non-control investments and other opportunities acting
as an advisor, an investor and a financier. Kingsway conducts its business through the following three reportable segments:
Insurance Underwriting, Extended Warranty (formerly Insurance Services) and Leased Real Estate. Insurance Underwriting,
Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate conduct their business and distribute their products in the United States. Certain of
the business descriptions below, particularly "Investments," "Reinsurance" and "Regulatory Environment," are principally or
exclusively related to Insurance Underwriting.
Financial information about Kingsway's reportable business segments for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is
contained in the following sections of this 2017 Annual Report: (i) Note 24, "Segmented Information," to the Consolidated Financial
Statements; and (ii) "Results of Continuing Operations" section of MD&A.
REPORTING CURRENCY
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been presented in U.S. dollars because the Company's principal investments and cash
flows are denominated in U.S. dollars. The Company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar since the substantial majority of its
operations is conducted in the United States. Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies are
translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated at average monthly rates and
shareholders' equity is translated at the rates in effect at dates of capital transactions. Foreign currency translation adjustments are
included in shareholders' equity under the caption accumulated other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency gains and losses
resulting from transactions which are denominated in currencies other than the entity's functional currency are reflected in foreign
exchange losses, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
All of the dollar amounts in this 2017 Annual Report are expressed in U.S. dollars, except where otherwise indicated. References
to "dollars" or "$" are to U.S. dollars, and any references to "C$" are to Canadian dollars.
GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS
Acquisition of Professional Warranty Service Corporation:
On October 12, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Professional Warranty Service Corporation
("PWSC") for estimated cash consideration of approximately $9.9 million. The final purchase price is subject to a true-up that
will be finalized in 2018. PWSC is included in the Extended Warranty segment. PWSC is a leading provider of new home warranty
products and administration services to the largest tier of domestic residential construction firms in the United States. Further
information is contained in Note 4, "Acquisitions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
INSURANCE UNDERWRITING SEGMENT
The Company's property and casualty insurance business operations are conducted primarily through the following subsidiaries:
Mendota Insurance Company ("Mendota"), Mendakota Insurance Company ("Mendakota"), Mendakota Casualty Company
("MCC"), Kingsway Amigo Insurance Company ("Amigo") and Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation (collectively, "Insurance
Underwriting").
The insurance subsidiaries in Insurance Underwriting issue insurance policies and retain the risk of operating profit or loss related
to the ultimate loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred on the underlying policies. Insurance Underwriting provides non-
standard automobile insurance to individuals who do not meet the criteria for coverage by standard automobile insurers. Insurance
Underwriting has policyholders in 12 states; however, new business is accepted in only eight states. In 2017, production in the
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following states represented 90.1% of Insurance Underwriting's gross premiums written: Florida (28.0%), Texas (16.8%), California
(13.3%), Nevada (12.1%), Illinois (10.5%) and Colorado (9.4%).
The Company previously placed Amigo and MCC into voluntary run-off in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Each of Amigo and MCC
entered into a comprehensive run-off plan that was approved by its respective state of domicile. Kingsway continues to manage
Amigo and MCC in a manner consistent with the run-off plans. During the first quarter of 2015, MCC sent a letter of intent to
the Illinois Department of Insurance to resume writing private passenger automobile policies in the state of Illinois. MCC began
writing these policies on April 1, 2015.
Insurance Underwriting Products
Insurance Underwriting primarily markets automobile insurance products which provide coverage in three major areas: liability,
accident benefits and physical damage. Liability insurance provides coverage for claims against the Company's insureds legally
responsible for automobile accidents which have injured third-parties or caused property damage to third-parties. Accident benefit
policies or personal injury protection policies provide coverage for loss of income, medical and rehabilitation expenses for insured
persons who are injured in an automobile accident, regardless of fault. Physical damage policies cover damages to an insured
automobile arising from a collision with another object or from other risks such as fire or theft.
Table 1 and Table 2 summarize Insurance Underwriting's gross premiums written by line of business and by state, respectively,
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
TABLE 1 Gross premiums written by line of business
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)
Private passenger auto liability
Auto physical damage
Total gross premiums written
87,222
39,737
126,959
68.7%
31.3%
90,114
42,575
67.9%
32.1%
78,811
37,592
100.0%
132,689
100.0%
116,403
67.7%
32.3%
100.0%
2017
% of Total
2016
% of Total
2015
% of Total
TABLE 2 Gross premiums written by state
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)
Florida
Texas
California
Nevada
Illinois
Colorado
Other
2017
% of Total
2016
% of Total
2015
% of Total
35,534
21,314
16,923
15,406
13,301
11,982
12,499
28.0%
16.8%
13.3%
12.1%
10.5%
9.4%
9.9%
36,378
23,525
14,429
15,015
17,644
11,122
14,576
27.4%
17.7%
10.9%
11.3%
13.3%
8.4%
11.0%
27,935
18,989
12,046
11,572
18,265
10,027
17,569
24.0%
16.3%
10.3%
9.9%
15.7%
8.6%
15.2%
Total gross premiums written
126,959
100.0%
132,689
100.0%
116,403
100.0%
Non-standard automobile insurance is principally provided to individuals who do not qualify for standard automobile insurance
coverage because of their payment history, driving record, place of residence, age, vehicle type or other factors. Such drivers
typically represent higher than normal risks and pay higher insurance rates for comparable coverage.
Non-standard automobile insurance loss experience is generally driven by higher frequency and lower severity than the standard
automobile market. The higher frequency, however, is mitigated to some extent by higher premium rates; the tendency of high-
risk individuals to own low-value automobiles; and generally lower limits of insurance coverage as insureds tend to purchase
coverage at the minimum prescribed limits. In the United States, non-standard automobile insurance policies generally have lower
limits of insurance commensurate with the minimum coverage requirements under the statute of the states in which we write the
business. These limits of liability are typically not greater than $50,000 per occurrence.
The insuring of non-standard automobile drivers is often transitory. When their driving records improve, insureds may qualify to
obtain insurance in the standard market at lower premium rates. We often cancel policies for non-payment of premium and,
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
following a period of lapse in coverage, insureds frequently return to purchase a new policy at a later date. As a result, our non-
standard automobile insurance policies experience a retention rate that is lower than that experienced for standard market risks.
This creates an on-going requirement to replace non-renewing policyholders with new policyholders and to react promptly to issue
cancellation notices for non-payment of premiums to mitigate potential bad debt write-offs. Most of our insureds pay their premiums
on a monthly installment basis, and we typically limit our risk related to non-payment of premiums by requiring a deposit for
future insurance premiums and the prepayment of subsequent installments.
In the United States, automobile insurers are generally required to participate in various involuntary residual market pools and
assigned risk plans that provide automobile insurance coverage to individuals or other entities that are unable to purchase such
coverage in the voluntary market. Participation in these pools in most jurisdictions is in proportion to voluntary writings of selected
lines of business in those jurisdictions.
Non-standard automobile insurance accounted for 100.0% of Insurance Underwriting's gross premiums written in 2017, 2016 and
2015. For the year ended December 31, 2017, gross premiums written for non-standard automobile insurance decreased 4.3% to
$127.0 million as compared to $132.7 million in 2016. For the year ended December 31, 2016, gross premium written for non-
standard automobile insurance increased 14.0% to $132.7 million as compared to $116.4 million in 2015. The decrease in gross
premiums written during 2017 compared to 2016 reflects the Company’s actions throughout 2017 to increase rates, revise payment
terms and invoke certain market restrictions, all with the intention of improving the profitability of the Company’s business. The
increase in gross premiums written during 2016 compared to 2015 reflected a change in the mix of business by state resulting from
Insurance Underwriting’s strategic shift to emphasize certain states and de-emphasize others while also reflecting the competitive
market dynamics of each state. Of particular note, the Company recorded increased premiums written in Florida, Texas and Nevada
while reducing premiums written in Virginia, a state in which Insurance Underwriting ceased writing new business beginning in
the third quarter of 2015.
Marketing and Distribution
Our strategy focuses on developing and maintaining strong relationships with our independent agents. Insurance Underwriting's
products and services are marketed through approximately 2,800 independent agencies. We maintain an "open market" approach
which enables these agents to place business with us without the obligation of minimum production commitments, providing us
with a broad, flexible and scalable distribution network. We continually strive to provide excellent service in the markets in which
we operate, communicating through a variety of channels as we look for opportunities to increase efficiency and reduce operating
costs with our agents. Our independent agents have the ability to bind insurance policies on our behalf, subject to our underwriting
guidelines. Our proprietary point-of-sale systems, however, prevent any agent from binding an unacceptable risk. We do not,
though, delegate authority to settle or adjust claims, establish underwriting guidelines, develop rates or enter into other transactions
or commitments through our independent agents.
Florida and Texas business are originated through affiliated managing general agents, and the Texas business is written through
an unaffiliated Texas county mutual insurance company. This Texas business is then 100% assumed through a quota-share
arrangement by one of our insurance subsidiaries. This represents a common way of originating non-standard automobile business
in the state of Texas due to the greater rating and underwriting flexibility accorded Texas county mutual insurance companies
under Texas statutes.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounts for 10% or more of Insurance Underwriting's revenues, and no loss of a
customer or group of affiliated customers would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Competition
Insurance Underwriting operates in a highly competitive environment. Our core non-standard automobile offerings are policies
at the minimum prescribed limits in each state produced entirely through our independent agents. We compete with large national
insurance companies and smaller regional insurance companies which produce through independent agents. We also compete
with insurance companies which sell policies directly to their customers.
Large national insurance companies and direct underwriters typically operate in standard lines of personal automobile and property
insurance in addition to non-standard lines and generally bring with them increased name recognition obtained through extensive
media advertising, loyalty of the customer base to the insurer rather than to an independent agency and, potentially, reduced policy
acquisition costs and increased customer retention.
From time to time, the non-standard automobile market attracts competition from new entrants. In many cases, these entrants are
looking for growth and, as a result, price their insurance below the rates that we believe provide an acceptable return for the related
risk. We firmly believe that it is not in our best interest to compete solely on price; consequently, we are willing to experience a
loss of market share during periods of intense price competition or soft market conditions. During the last few years, the Company
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carried out a detailed review of its premium adequacy in the territories in which it operates and implemented steps to terminate
business where premium adequacy was unlikely to be achieved within an acceptable period of time.
In order to stay competitive while striving to generate an economic rate of return, we compete on a number of factors such as
distribution strength and breadth, premium adequacy, agency relationships, ease of doing business and market reputation.
Ultimately, we believe that our ability to compete successfully in our industry is based, among other things, on our ability to:
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identify markets that are most likely to produce an underwriting profit;
operate with a disciplined underwriting approach;
practice prudent claims management;
establish an appropriate provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses;
strive for cost containment and the economics of shared support functions where deemed appropriate; and
provide our independent agents and brokers with competitive commissions, an ease of doing business and additional value-
added products and services for them and their customers.
Insurance Underwriting generally does not compete on the basis of ratings assigned by insurance rating agencies. Previously, the
Company's insurance subsidiaries were assigned ratings by A.M. Best. In October, 2011 the Company had the A.M. Best ratings
for all of its insurance subsidiaries withdrawn. As a result, the Company's insurance subsidiaries are currently unrated.
Underwriting
Our underwriting philosophy stresses receiving an adequate premium and spread of risks for the business we accept. We regularly
monitor premium adequacy by territory, line of business and agency and take actions as necessary. Actions include, but are not
limited to, tightening underwriting requirements, filing for rate increases, terminating underperforming programs and agents, non-
renewing policies (where permitted) and other administrative changes. Typically, we do not reduce our premiums when competitors
underwrite at premium rates that we believe are below acceptable levels. Instead, we focus on maintaining our premium per risk
rather than writing a large number of risks at premiums that we believe would be inadequate and thus unprofitable. As a result,
our premium volumes may be negatively impacted during a soft market.
Claims Management
Claims management is the process by which Insurance Underwriting determines the validity and amount of a claim. We believe
that claims management is fundamental to our operating results. With respect to Insurance Underwriting, proper and efficient
claims management has a direct effect on the operating profit or loss which has been retained related to the ultimate loss and loss
adjustment expenses incurred on the underlying policies.
Insurance Underwriting primarily employs its own claims adjusters who are responsible for investigating and settling claims. Our
goal is to settle claims fairly for the benefit of our insureds in a manner that is consistent with the insurance policy language and
our regulatory and legal obligations.
In addition to claims adjusters, our operating subsidiaries also employ appraisers, special investigators and salvage, subrogation
and other personnel who are responsible for helping us reduce the net cost of claim-handling, particularly with respect to identifying
instances of fraud. We also outsource certain of these activities when we believe outsourcing represents a more efficient approach
to performing these activities. We aggressively combat fraud and have processes in place to investigate suspicious claim activity.
We may also engage independent appraisers, private investigators, various experts and legal counsel to assist us in adjusting claims.
When necessary, we defend litigation against our insureds generally by retaining outside legal counsel.
EXTENDED WARRANTY SEGMENT
Extended Warranty includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: IWS Acquisition Corporation ("IWS"), Trinity Warranty
Solutions LLC ("Trinity") and PWSC, (collectively, "Extended Warranty").
IWS is a licensed motor vehicle service agreement company and is a provider of after-market vehicle protection services distributed
by credit unions in 23 states and the District of Columbia to their members.
Trinity sells warranty products and provides maintenance support to consumers and businesses in the heating, ventilation, air
conditioning ("HVAC"), standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration industries. Trinity distributes its warranty
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
products through original equipment manufacturers, HVAC distributors and commercial and residential contractors. Trinity
distributes its maintenance support direct through corporate owners of retail spaces throughout the United States.
PWSC sells new home warranty products and provides administration services to home builders and homeowners across the United
States. PWSC distributes its products and services through an in-house sales team and through insurance brokers and insurance
carriers throughout all states except Alaska and Louisiana.
Effective April 1, 2015, the Company closed on the sale of its wholly owned subsidiary, Assigned Risk Solutions Ltd. ("ARS").
As a result, ARS has been classified as discontinued operations and the results of their operations are reported separately for all
periods presented. Prior to the transaction, ARS was included in the Extended Warranty (formerly Insurance Services) segment.
As a result of classifying ARS as a discontinued operation, all segmented information has been restated to exclude ARS from the
Extended Warranty segment. Further information is contained in Note 5, "Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and
Liquidation," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Extended Warranty Products
IWS markets and administers vehicle service agreements and related products for new and used automobiles throughout the United
States. A vehicle service agreement is an agreement between IWS and the vehicle purchaser under which IWS agrees to replace
or repair, for a specific term, designated vehicle parts in the event of a mechanical breakdown. IWS serves as the administrator
on all contracts it originates. Vehicle service agreements supplement, or are in lieu of, manufacturers' warranties and provide a
variety of extended coverage options. Vehicle service agreements typically range from three months to seven years and/or 3,000
miles to 100,000 miles. The cost of the vehicle service agreement is a function of the contract term, coverage limits and type of
vehicle.
In addition to marketing vehicle service agreements, IWS also brokers a guaranteed asset protection product ("GAP") through its
distribution channel. GAP generally covers a consumer's out-of-pocket amount, related to an automobile loan or lease, if the
vehicle is stolen or damaged beyond repair. IWS earns a commission when a consumer purchases a GAP certificate but does not
take on any insurance risk.
Trinity sells HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration warranty products and provides equipment
breakdown and maintenance support services to companies across the United States. As a seller of warranty products, Trinity
markets and administers product warranty contracts for certain new and used products in the HVAC, standby generator, commercial
LED lighting and refrigeration industries throughout the United States. A warranty contract is an agreement between Trinity and
the purchaser of such HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration equipment to replace or repair, for a
specific term, designated parts in the event of a mechanical breakdown. As a provider of equipment breakdown and maintenance
support services, Trinity acts as a single point of contact to its clients for both certain equipment breakdowns and scheduled
maintenance of equipment. Trinity will provide such repair and breakdown services by contracting with certain HVAC providers.
PWSC administers insured warranty programs of liability coverage for home builders issued to buyers of their new homes. The
liability coverage is provided to builder entities nationwide by a single, A+ rated insurance carrier. The warranty document is an
agreement between the home builder and the purchaser of the home and includes specific tolerances related to covered defects
and precise definitions of damages. Each damage category includes materials defect coverage for the first year, major systems
coverage for the second year, and workmanship and structural coverage for years three through ten. The warranty enables certain
damages to be resolved by the home builder without admitting fault or negligence, and offers an efficient method to resolve
complaints by buyers through mediation and mandatory binding arbitration, when allowed, to avoid costly litigation and resolve
issues amicably.
PWSC also administers uninsured home builder backed warranty programs for home builders issued to buyers of their new homes.
The warranty document, an agreement between the home builder and the purchaser of the home, includes performance standards
established by the home builder and warrants conditions in the home that in the builder’s opinion may constitute a construction
defect throughout the warranty period. Claims are covered for the statute of repose in a specific state or per agreement with the
general liability insurance carrier. Constituents' interests are aligned to handle their claims relative to construction defects promptly
and without attorney intervention. The warranty enables construction defects to be resolved by the home builder without admitting
fault or negligence, and offers an efficient method to resolve complaints by buyers through mediation and mandatory binding
arbitration to avoid costly litigation and resolve issues amicably.
Marketing and Distribution
IWS markets its products primarily through credit unions. IWS enters into an exclusive agreement with each credit union whereby
the credit union receives a stipulated access fee for each vehicle service agreement issued to its members. The credit unions are
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
served by IWS employee representatives located throughout the United States in close geographical proximity to the credit unions
they serve. IWS distributes and markets its products in 23 states and the District of Columbia.
Trinity directly markets and distributes its warranty products to manufacturers, distributors and installers of HVAC, standby
generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration equipment. As a provider of equipment breakdown and maintenance support,
Trinity directly markets and distributes its product through its clients, which are primarily companies that directly own and operate
numerous locations across the United States.
PWSC markets its insured warranty products through a sales force directly to the home builder and its uninsured builder backed
warranty products through a network of construction general liability insurance carriers and domestic insurance brokers. Home
builder prospects are developed through membership in local homebuilder associations, attendance at homebuilder conventions,
distribution of promotional products and direct mail efforts. For its uninsured home builder backed product, PWSC dedicates
senior personnel to working with the construction general liability insurers and domestic insurance brokers to identify and assist
in developing new opportunities and devotes marketing resources to sell its product.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounts for 10% or more of Extended Warranty's revenues, and no loss of a customer
or group of affiliated customers would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Competition
IWS focuses exclusively on the automotive finance market with its core vehicle service agreement and related product offerings,
while much of its competition in the credit union channel has a less targeted product approach. IWS' typical competitor takes a
generalist approach to market by providing credit unions with a variety of different product offerings. They are thus unable to
deliver specialty expertise on par with IWS and do not give vehicle service agreement products the attention they require for
healthy profitability and strong risk management.
Trinity operates in an environment with few market competitors. Trinity competes on two important facets: its belief that it provides
superior customer service relative to its competitors and its ability, through the support of its insurance company partners, to
provide warranty solutions to a wider range of HVAC, standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration equipment
than that of its competitors.
For its insured warranty product, PWSC operates in an environment with several competitors. PWSC differentiates itself through
its relationship with and backing by an A+ rated global insurance carrier; its over 20 years' experience in the field of new home
warranty administration; its dispute resolution services; and best in class customer service. For its uninsured builder backed
product, PWSC operates in an environment with very few competitors. The most significant features differentiating the builder
backed product from its competition are an express warranty for all construction defects, the only warranty that is fully integrated
with the general liability policy in its definition and coverage of construction defects, and mutual agreement between the home
builder and the home buyer that all claims be resolved through mediation or, if necessary, binding arbitration.
Claims Management
Claims management is the process by which Extended Warranty determines the validity and amount of a claim. We believe that
claims management is fundamental to our operating results. The individual operating subsidiaries in Extended Warranty primarily
employ their own claims adjusters who are responsible for investigating and settling claims. Our goal is to settle claims fairly for
the benefit of our insureds and the insureds of our insurance company partners in a manner that is consistent with the insurance
policy language and our regulatory and legal obligations.
IWS effectively and efficiently manages claims by utilizing in-house expertise and information systems. IWS employs an
experienced claims staff comprised of Automotive Service Excellence certified mechanics, knowledgeable in all aspects of vehicle
repairs and potential claims. Additionally, IWS owns its own proprietary database of historical claims data dating back over twenty
years. Management analyzes this database to drive real-time pricing adjustments and strategic decision-making.
Trinity claims on warranty products are managed by the insurance companies with which Trinity partners. Trinity may, at times,
act as a third-party administrator of such claims; however, at no time does Trinity bear the loss of claims on warranty products.
Under PWSC’s warranty products, disputes typically arise when there is a difference between what the homeowner expects of the
builder and what the builder believes are its legitimate warranty service responsibilities. PWSC employs an experienced claims
staff who responds to all inquiries from homeowners and from requests by builders. Any inquiries or complaints received are
submitted or communicated to the builder. PWSC will not make any determination as to the validity or resolution of any complaint;
however, PWSC can and will discuss alternatives or resolutions to disputes with all parties and can mediate or negotiate a fair
solution to a dispute. This process ensures that home builders can effectively manage new home construction risk and reduce the
9
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
potential for substantial legal costs associated with litigation. PWSC may, at times, act as a third-party administrator for claims
under the insured warranty product; however, at no time does PWSC bear the loss of claims on warranty products.
LEASED REAL ESTATE SEGMENT
Leased Real Estate includes the Company's subsidiary, CMC Industries, Inc. ("CMC"). CMC owns, through an indirect wholly
owned subsidiary (the "Property Owner"), a parcel of real property consisting of approximately 192 acres located in the State of
Texas (the "Real Property"), which is subject to a long-term triple net lease agreement. The Real Property is also subject to a
mortgage, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets (the "Mortgage").
PRICING AND PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
Responsibility for pricing and product management rests with the Company's individual operating subsidiaries in each of Insurance
Underwriting and Extended Warranty. Typically, teams comprised of pricing actuaries, product managers and business development
managers work together by territory to develop policy forms and language, rating structures, regulatory filings and new product
ideas. Data solutions and claims groups track loss performance on a monthly basis so as to alert the operating subsidiaries to the
potential need to adjust forms or rates.
UNPAID LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
Kingsway records a provision for its unpaid losses that have occurred as of a given evaluation date as well as for its estimated
liability for loss adjustment expenses. The provision for unpaid losses includes a provision, commonly referred to as case reserves,
for losses related to reported claims as well as a provision for losses related to claims incurred but not reported ("IBNR"). The
provision for loss adjustment expenses represents the cost to investigate and settle claims.
The provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses does not represent an exact calculation of the liability but instead
represents management's best estimate at a given accounting date, utilizing actuarial and statistical procedures, of the undiscounted
estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses. Management continually reviews its estimates
and adjusts its provision as new information becomes available. In establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses, the Company also takes into account estimated recoveries, reinsurance, salvage and subrogation.
Any adjustments to the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses are reflected in the consolidated statements of
operations in the periods in which they become known, and the adjustments are accounted for as changes in estimates. Even after
such adjustments, ultimate liability or recovery may exceed or be less than the revised provisions. An adjustment that increases
the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is known as an unfavorable development or a deficiency and will reduce
net income while an adjustment that decreases the provision is known as a favorable development or a redundancy and will increase
net income.
Process for Establishing the Provision for Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
The process for establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses reflects the uncertainties and significant
judgmental factors inherent in predicting future results of both reported and IBNR claims. As such, the process is inherently
complex and imprecise and estimates are constantly refined. The process of establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss
adjustment expenses relies on the judgment and opinions of a large number of individuals, including the opinions of the Company's
actuaries.
Factors affecting the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses include the continually evolving and changing
regulatory and legal environment, actuarial studies, professional experience and expertise of the Company's claims departments'
personnel and independent adjusters retained to handle individual claims, the quality of the data used for projection purposes,
existing claims management practices including claims handling and settlement practices, the effect of inflationary trends on future
loss settlement costs, court decisions, economic conditions and public attitudes.
The process for establishing the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses begins with the collection and analysis of claim
data. Data on individual reported claims, both current and historical, including paid amounts and individual claim adjuster estimates,
are grouped by common characteristics and evaluated by actuaries in their analyses of ultimate claim liabilities by product line.
Such data is occasionally supplemented with external data as available and when appropriate. The process of analyzing the
provision is undertaken on a regular basis, generally quarterly, in light of continually updated information.
Multiple estimation methods are available for the analysis of the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses. Each estimation
method has its own set of assumption variables and its own advantages and disadvantages, with no single estimation method being
better than the others in all situations and no one set of assumption variables being meaningful for all product line components.
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
The relative strengths and weaknesses of the particular estimation methods when applied to a particular group of claims can also
change over time; therefore, the actual choice of estimation method can change with each evaluation. The estimation methods
chosen are those that are believed to produce the most reliable indication at that particular evaluation date.
In most cases, multiple estimation methods will be valid for the evaluation of the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses.
This will result in a range of reasonable estimates for the provision. Reported values found to be closer to the endpoints of a range
of reasonable estimates are subject to further detailed reviews. These reviews may substantiate the validity of management's
recorded provision or lead to a change in the reported provision.
The exact boundary points of these ranges are more qualitative than quantitative in nature, as no clear line of demarcation exists
to determine when the set of underlying assumptions for an estimation method switches from being reasonable to unreasonable.
As a result, the Company does not believe that the endpoints of these ranges are or would be comparable across companies. In
addition, potential interactions among the different estimation assumptions for different product lines make the aggregation of
individual ranges a highly judgmental and inexact process.
A basic premise in most actuarial analyses is that past patterns demonstrated in the data will repeat themselves in the future, absent
a material change in the associated risk factors discussed below. To the extent a material change affecting the ultimate provision
for loss and loss adjustment expenses is known, such change is quantified to the extent possible through an analysis of internal
company data and, if available and when appropriate, external data. Such a measurement is specific to the facts and circumstances
of the particular claim portfolio and the known change being evaluated. Significant structural changes to the available data, product
mix or organization can materially impact the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses.
Informed judgment is applied throughout the process. This includes the application of various individual experiences and expertise
to multiple sets of data and analyses. In addition to actuaries, experts involved with the reserving process also include underwriting
and claims personnel and lawyers, as well as other company management. As a result, management may have to consider varying
individual viewpoints when establishing the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses.
Variables Influencing the Provision for Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
The variables discussed above have different impacts on estimation uncertainty for a given product line, depending on the length
of the claim tail, the reporting lag, the impact of individual claims and the complexity of the claim process for a given product
line.
Property and casualty insurance policies are either written on a claims-made or occurrence basis. Claims-made policies generally
cover, subject to requirements in individual policies, claims reported during the policy period. Policies that are written on an
occurrence basis require that the insured demonstrate that a loss occurred in the policy period, even if the insured reports the loss
in a later policy period.
Product lines are generally classifiable as either long-tail or short-tail, based on the average length of time between the event
triggering claims under a policy and the final resolution of those claims. Short-tail claims are reported and settled quickly, resulting
in less estimation variability. The longer the time before final claim resolution, the greater the exposure to estimation risks and
hence the greater the estimation uncertainty.
A major component of the claim tail is the reporting lag. The reporting lag, which is the time between the event triggering a claim
and the reporting of the claim to the insurer, makes estimating IBNR inherently more uncertain. In addition, the greater the reporting
lag, the greater the proportion of IBNR to the total provision for the product line. Writing new products with material reporting
lags can result in adding several years' worth of IBNR claim exposure before the reporting lag exposure becomes clearly observable,
thereby increasing the risk associated with pricing and reserving such products.
For some lines, the impact of large individual claims or loss events, such as catastrophes, can be material to the analysis. These
lines are generally referred to as being "low frequency/high severity," while lines without this "large claim" sensitivity are referred
to as "high frequency/low severity." The provision for low frequency/high severity lines can be sensitive to the impact of a small
number of potentially large claims or a small number of significant loss events, such as catastrophes. As a result, the role of
judgment is much greater for these provisions. In contrast, for high frequency/low severity lines, the impact of individual claims
is relatively minor and the range of reasonable provision estimates is narrower and more stable.
Claim complexity can also greatly affect the estimation process by impacting the number of assumptions needed to produce the
estimate, the potential stability of the underlying data and claim process, and the ability to gain an understanding of the data.
Product lines with greater claim complexity have inherently greater estimation uncertainty.
11
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Actuaries have to exercise a considerable degree of judgment in the evaluation of all these factors in their analysis of the provision
for loss and loss adjustment expenses. The human element in the application of actuarial judgment is unavoidable when faced
with material uncertainty. Different actuaries may choose different assumptions when faced with such uncertainty, based on their
individual backgrounds, professional experiences and areas of focus. Hence, the estimates selected by the various actuaries may
differ materially from each other.
Lastly, significant structural changes to the available data, product mix or organization can also materially impact the process for
establishing the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses.
Property and Casualty Insurance
The Company's insurance policies are generally written on an occurrence basis. Non-standard automobile includes both short and
long-tail coverages. The payments that are made quickly typically pertain to auto physical damage and property damage claims.
The payments that take longer to finalize and are more difficult to estimate relate to bodily injury claims. Reporting lags are
relatively short, and the claim settlement process for personal automobile liability generally is the least complex of the liability
products. Given that our core non-standard automobile offerings are policies at the minimum prescribed limits in each state, our
non-standard automobile business is generally viewed as a high frequency, low severity business.
Examples of common risk factors that could change and, thus, affect the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses for the
non-standard automobile product line include, but are not limited to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
trends in jury awards;
changes in the underlying court system and its philosophy;
changes in case law;
litigation trends;
frequency of claims with payment capped by policy limits;
change in average severity of accidents, or proportion of severe accidents;
subrogation opportunities;
degree of patient responsiveness to treatment;
changes in claim handling philosophies;
effectiveness of no-fault laws;
frequency of visits to health providers;
number of medical procedures given during visits to health providers;
types of health providers used;
types of medical treatments received;
changes in cost of medical treatments;
changes in policy provisions (e.g., deductibles, policy limits, endorsements, etc.);
changes in underwriting standards; and
changes in the use of credit data for rating and underwriting.
Rollforward of Property and Casualty Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
Table 3 shows a rollforward of the provision for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of amounts
recoverable from reinsurers. The effect on the Company's net (loss) income during the past three years due to changes in estimates
of prior year property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is shown as the "prior years" contribution to incurred
losses. The consolidated financial statements are presented on a calendar year basis for all data. Calendar year results reflect
payments and re-estimation of the provision that have been recorded in the consolidated financial statements during the applicable
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
reporting period without regard to the periods in which the original losses were incurred. Calendar year results do not change
after the end of the applicable reporting period, even as new information develops.
TABLE 3 Rollforward of property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Balance at beginning of period, gross
Less reinsurance recoverable related to property and casualty
unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Balance at beginning of period, net
Incurred related to:
Current year
Prior years
Paid related to:
Current year
Prior years
Balance at end of period, net
Plus reinsurance recoverable related to property and casualty
unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Balance at end of period, gross
INVESTMENTS
2017
53,795
681
53,114
100,097
20,694
(57,983)
(52,444)
63,478
174
63,652
2016
55,471
1,207
54,264
96,289
8,095
(62,978)
(42,556)
53,114
681
53,795
2015
63,895
3,203
60,692
86,439
616
(54,415)
(39,068)
54,264
1,207
55,471
We manage our investments to support the liabilities of our insurance operations, preserve capital, maintain adequate liquidity and
maximize after-tax investment returns within acceptable risks. The fixed maturities portfolios are managed by a third party firm
and are comprised predominantly of high-quality fixed maturities with relatively short durations. Equity, limited liability and
other investments are managed by a team of employees and advisors dedicated to the identification of investment opportunities
that offer asymmetric risk/reward potential with a margin of safety supported by private market values. The Investment Committee
of the Board of Directors is responsible for monitoring the performance of our investments and compliance with the Company's
investment policies and guidelines, which it reviews annually. We are also subject to the applicable state regulations that prescribe
the type, quality and concentration of investments that individual insurance companies can make.
For further descriptions of the Company's investments, see our disclosures under the headings "Net Investment Income," "Net
Realized Gains," "Investments," "Liquidity and Capital Resources" and "Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions" in the
MD&A and Note 6, "Investments," and Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
REINSURANCE
For most of the non-standard automobile business that we write, our exposure is generally limited to the minimum statutory liability
limits, which are typically not greater than $50,000 per occurrence, depending on the state. We have from time to time, though,
entered into different types of reinsurance arrangements as part of the management of our non-standard automobile business. For
2016 and 2015, we entered into an excess of loss reinsurance arrangement to reduce our exposure to losses related to certain
catastrophic events which may occur in any of the states in which we write non-standard automobile business. Upon the expiration
in January, 2017 of this excess of loss reinsurance arrangement, we concluded not to renew it.
Reinsurance ceded does not relieve us of our ultimate liability to our insureds in the event that any reinsurer is unable to meet its
obligations under its reinsurance contracts. We therefore enter into reinsurance contracts with only those reinsurers which we
believe have sufficient financial resources to meet their obligations to us. Reinsurance treaties generally have terms of one year
and, as a result, are subject to renegotiation annually.
Because our reinsurance recoverable is generally unsecured, we regularly evaluate the financial condition of our reinsurers and
monitor the concentrations of credit risk to minimize our exposure to significant losses as a result of the insolvency of a reinsurer.
We believe that the amounts we have recorded as reinsurance recoverable are appropriately established. Estimating our reinsurance
recoverable, however, is subject to various uncertainties and the amounts ultimately recoverable may vary from amounts currently
recorded. Estimating amounts of reinsurance recoverable is also impacted by the uncertainties involved in the establishment of
13
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses. As our underlying provision develops, the amounts ultimately recoverable
may vary from amounts currently recorded.
As of December 31, 2017, we had $0.2 million recoverable from third-party reinsurers. As shown in Table 4 below, at December 31,
2017, 100.0% of the amounts recoverable from third-party reinsurers were due from reinsurers that were rated "A-" or higher by
the A.M. Best rating service. We regularly evaluate our reinsurers and their respective amounts recoverable, and an allowance for
uncollectible reinsurance is provided, if needed.
TABLE 4 Composition of amounts due from reinsurers by A.M. Best rating
As of December 31, 2017
A+
A-
Total
REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
52.7%
47.3%
100.0%
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulation in the states in which they do business. Such regulation pertains to
a variety of matters, including, but not limited to, policy forms, premium rate plans, licensing of agents, licenses to transact business,
trade practices, claims practices, investments, payment of dividends, transactions with affiliates and solvency. The majority of
our insurance is written in states requiring prior approval by regulators before proposed rates for property and casualty policies
may be implemented.
Our U.S. insurance subsidiaries are subject to the insurance holding company laws in the jurisdictions in which they conduct
business. These regulations require that each U.S insurance company in the holding company system register with the insurance
department of its state of domicile and furnish information concerning the operations of companies in the holding company system
which may materially affect the operations, management or financial condition of the insurers in the holding company domiciled
in that state. We have U.S. insurance subsidiaries that are organized and domiciled under the insurance statutes of Illinois, Minnesota
and Florida. The insurance laws in each of these states similarly provide that all transactions among members of a holding company
system be done at arm’s length and be shown to be fair and reasonable to the regulated insurer. Transactions between insurance
company subsidiaries and their parents and affiliates typically must be disclosed to the state regulators, and any material or
extraordinary transaction requires prior approval of the applicable state insurance regulator. A change of control of a domestic
insurer or of any controlling person requires the prior approval of the state insurance regulator. In general, any person who acquires
10% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the insurer or its parent company is presumed to have acquired control of the
domestic insurer. To the best of our knowledge, we are in compliance with the regulations discussed above.
Insurance companies are required to report their financial condition and results of operation in accordance with statutory accounting
principles prescribed or permitted by state insurance regulators in conjunction with the National Association of Insurance
Commissioners ("NAIC"). State insurance regulators also prescribe the form and content of statutory financial statements, perform
periodic financial examinations of insurers, set minimum reserve and loss ratio requirements, establish standards for the types and
amounts of investments and require minimum capital and surplus levels. Such statutory capital and surplus requirements reflect
risk-based capital ("RBC") standards promulgated by the NAIC. These RBC standards are intended to assess the level of risk
inherent in an insurance company's business and consider items such as asset risk, credit risk, underwriting risk and other business
risks relevant to its operations. In accordance with RBC formulas, an insurance company's RBC requirements are calculated and
compared to its total adjusted capital, as defined by the NAIC, to determine whether regulatory intervention is warranted. In
general, insurers reporting surplus as regards policyholders below 200% of the authorized control level, as defined by the NAIC,
at December 31 are subject to varying levels of regulatory action, including discontinuation of operations. As of December 31,
2017, surplus as regards policyholders reported by each of our insurance subsidiaries, with the exception of Mendota, exceeded
the 200% threshold. Refer to Note 28, "Regulatory Capital Requirements and Ratios," to the Consolidated Financial Statements
for further discussion.
Our insurance subsidiaries are required under the guaranty fund laws of most states in which they transact business to pay
assessments up to prescribed limits to fund policyholder losses or liabilities of insolvent insurance companies. Our insurance
subsidiaries also are required to participate in various involuntary pools or assigned risk pools. In most states, the involuntary
pool participation of our insurance subsidiaries is in proportion to their voluntary writings of related lines of business in such states.
We operate under licenses issued by various state insurance authorities. These licenses govern, among other things, the types of
insurance coverage and agency and claim services that we may offer consumers in these states. Such licenses typically are issued
only after we file an appropriate application and satisfy prescribed criteria. We must apply for and obtain the appropriate new
14
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
licenses before we can implement any plan to expand into a new state or offer a new line of insurance or other new product that
requires separate licensing.
The insurance laws of most states in which our insurance subsidiaries operate require insurance companies to file insurance rate
schedules and insurance policy forms for review and approval. State insurance regulators have broad discretion in judging whether
our rates are adequate, not excessive and not unfairly discriminatory and whether our policy forms comply with law. The speed
at which we can change our rates depends, in part, on the method by which the applicable state's rating laws are administered.
Generally, state insurance regulators have the authority to disapprove our rates or request changes in our rates. In addition, certain
states in which we operate have laws and regulations that limit an automobile insurance company's ability to cancel or not renew
policies.
We are subject to state laws and regulations that require diversification of our investment portfolios and that limit the amount of
investments in certain categories. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations would cause non-conforming investments to
be treated as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus and, in some instances, would require divestiture.
The state insurance departments that have jurisdiction over our insurance company subsidiaries may conduct on-site visits and
examinations of the insurance companies' affairs, especially as to their financial condition, ability to fulfill their obligations to
policyholders, market conduct, claims practices and compliance with other laws and applicable regulations. Typically, these
examinations are conducted every three to five years. In addition, if circumstances dictate, regulators are authorized to conduct
special or target examinations of insurance companies to address particular concerns or issues. The results of these examinations
can give rise to regulatory orders requiring remedial, injunctive or other corrective action on the part of the company that is the
subject of the examination or the assessment of fines or other penalties against that company.
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act protects consumers from the unauthorized dissemination of certain personal information. The
majority of states have implemented additional regulations to address privacy issues. These laws and regulations apply to all
financial institutions, including insurance companies, and require us to maintain appropriate procedures for managing and protecting
certain personal information of our customers and to fully disclose our privacy practices to our customers. We may also be exposed
to future privacy laws and regulations, which could impose additional costs and impact our results of operations or financial
condition.
In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "DFA") was enacted into law. Among other
things, the DFA forms within the Treasury Department a Federal Insurance Office ("FIO") that is charged with monitoring all
aspects of the insurance industry, gathering data, and conducting a study on methods to modernize and improve the insurance
regulatory system in the United States. FIO's report, which was delivered to Congress in 2013, concluded that a hybrid approach
to regulation, involving a combination of state and federal government action, could improve the U.S. insurance system by attaining
uniformity, efficiency and consistency, particularly with respect to solvency and market conduct regulation. A hybrid approach
was also recommended to address the perceived need for uniform supervision of insurance companies with national and global
activities. FIO established the Federal Advisory Committee on Insurance ("FACI") whose mission is to provide recommendations
to FIO on issues it monitors for Congress. While the NAIC continues to promote the strengths of the U.S. state-based insurance
regulatory system, both FIO/FACI and international standard setting authorities such as the International Association of Insurance
Supervisors are actively seeking a role in shaping the future of the U.S. insurance regulatory framework.
Title V of the DFA instructs the FIO Director to submit an update to the report that FIO submitted to Congress in 2013 describing
the impact of Part II of the DFA's Nonadmitted and Reinsurance Reform Act of 2010 ("NRRA") on the ability of state regulators
to access reinsurance information for regulated entities in their jurisdictions. The update, submitted by FIO in May 2015, concludes
that Part II of NRRA has not had an adverse impact on the ability of state regulators to access reinsurance information from
regulated companies. It is not yet known whether or how these organizations' recommendations might result in changes to the
current state-based system of insurance industry regulation or ultimately impact Kingsway’s operations.
Vehicle service agreements are regulated in all states in the United States, and IWS is subject to these regulations. Most states
utilize the approach of the Uniform Service Contract Act which was adopted by the NAIC in the early 1990's. Under that scheme,
states regulate vehicle service contract companies by requiring them annually to file documentation, together with a copy of the
contract of insurance covering their liability under the service contracts, which complies with the particular state's regulatory
requirements. IWS is in compliance with the regulations of each state in which it sells vehicle service agreements.
Certain, but not all, states regulate the sale of HVAC and equipment warranty contracts. Trinity is licensed as a service contract
provider in those states where it is required.
The insurance carrier providing the contractual liability coverage for the insured warranty product offered by PWSC is designated
as a surplus lines carrier in all states. The offering of surplus lines insurance is regulated in all states. The insurance carrier has
designated an agent within PWSC who is a licensed property and casualty broker and a surplus lines broker in all states where
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
such a license is required. PWSC is in compliance with the regulations of each state in which it offers its insured warranty products.
In addition, New Jersey, Maryland and the U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development ("HUD") require PWSC to file its
warranty plan documents and other company information for periodic review and approval to demonstrate compliance with new
home warranty plan regulations promulgated by those jurisdictions. HUD and New Jersey require such a filing every two years.
Maryland requires a filing every year. PWSC is in compliance with the filing requirements of each state and HUD.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 2017, we employed 316 personnel supporting our continuing operations, of which 309 were full-time employees.
ACCESS TO REPORTS
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports
filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are made available free of charge
through our website at www.kingsway-financial.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed
with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Most issuers, including Kingsway, are exposed to numerous risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from
recent results or anticipated future results. The risks and uncertainties described below are those specific to the Company that we
currently believe have the potential to be material, but they may not be the only ones we face. If any of the following risks, or
any other risks and uncertainties that we have not yet identified or that we currently consider not to be material, actually occur or
become material risks, our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and
adversely affected. Investors are advised to consider these factors along with the other information included in this 2017 Annual
Report and to consult any further disclosures Kingsway makes on related subjects in its filings with the SEC.
FINANCIAL RISK
Kingsway is a holding company, and its operating insurance subsidiaries are subject to dividend restrictions and are
required to maintain minimum capital and surplus levels, which could limit our operations and have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition.
Kingsway is a holding company with assets consisting primarily of the capital stock of its subsidiaries. Our operations are and
will continue to be limited by the earnings of our subsidiaries and their ability to pay dividends to us. The payment of dividends
by our operating insurance subsidiaries is subject to various statutory and regulatory restrictions imposed by the insurance laws
of the domiciliary jurisdiction, including Barbados, of each such subsidiary. As a result of operating losses recorded in recent
years, at this time none of our U.S. insurance subsidiaries is able to declare and pay a dividend to the holding company without
prior regulatory approval. The Company expects these restrictions to continue. In the case of other subsidiaries not currently
subject to these restrictions, these subsidiaries may be limited in their ability to make dividend payments or advance funds to
Kingsway in the future because of the need to support their own capital levels. The inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends
to us could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of MD&A for a detailed description of the liquidity requirements of the holding
company and the regulatory capital requirements of the operating insurance subsidiaries. No assurances can be given that the
operating insurance subsidiaries will be able to maintain compliance with these regulatory capital requirements.
We have substantial outstanding recourse debt, which could adversely affect our ability to obtain financing in the future,
react to changes in our business and satisfy our obligations.
As of December 31, 2017, we had $90.5 million principal value of outstanding recourse subordinated debt, in the form of trust
preferred debt instruments, with redemption dates beginning in December, 2032. Because of our substantial outstanding recourse
debt:
•
•
•
our ability to engage in acquisitions without raising additional equity or obtaining additional debt financing could be limited;
our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements or
general corporate purposes and our ability to satisfy our obligations with respect to our debt may be impaired in the future;
a large portion of our cash flow must be dedicated to the payment of interest on our debt, thereby reducing the funds available
to us for other purposes;
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
• we are exposed to the risk of increased interest rates because our outstanding subordinated debt, representing $90.5 million
of principal value, bears interest directly related to the London interbank offered interest rate for three-month U.S. dollar
deposits ("LIBOR");
it may be more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations to our creditors, resulting in possible defaults on, and acceleration
of, such debt;
•
• we may be more vulnerable to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
• we may be at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors with proportionately less debt or with comparable debt
on more favorable terms and, as a result, they may be better positioned to withstand economic downturns;
our ability to refinance debt may be limited or the associated costs may increase;
•
•
our flexibility to adjust to changing market conditions and ability to withstand competitive pressures could be limited; and
• we may be prevented from carrying out capital spending that is, among other things, necessary or important to our growth
strategy and efforts to improve the operating results of our businesses.
Increases in interest rates would increase the cost of servicing our subordinated debt and could adversely affect our results
of operation.
Our outstanding recourse debt of $90.5 million principal value bears interest directly related to LIBOR. As a result, increases in
LIBOR would increase the cost of servicing our debt and could adversely affect our results of operations. As of December 31,
2017, each one hundred basis point increase in LIBOR would result in an approximately $0.9 million increase in our annual interest
expense.
Our operations are restricted by the terms of our debt indentures, which could limit our ability to plan for or react to
market conditions or meet our capital needs.
Our debt indentures contain numerous covenants that may limit our ability, among other things, to make particular types of restricted
payments and pay dividends or redeem capital stock. The covenants under our debt agreements could limit our ability to plan for
or react to market conditions or to meet our capital needs. No assurances can be given that we will be able to maintain compliance
with these covenants.
If we are not able to comply with the covenants and other requirements contained in the debt indentures, an event of default under
the relevant debt instrument could occur. If an event of default does occur, it could trigger a default under our other debt instruments,
and the holders of the defaulted debt instrument could declare amounts outstanding with respect to such debt to become immediately
due and payable. Upon such an event, our assets and cash flow may not be sufficient to fully repay borrowings under our outstanding
debt instruments. In addition, such a repayment under an event of default could adversely affect our liquidity and force us to sell
assets to repay borrowings.
The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors closely monitors the debt and capital position and, from time to time,
recommends capital initiatives based upon the circumstances of the Company.
The Real Property is leased pursuant to a long-term triple net lease and the failure of the tenant to satisfy its obligations
under the lease may adversely affect the condition of the Real Property or the results of the Leased Real Estate segment.
Because the Real Property is leased pursuant to a long-term triple net lease, we depend on the tenant to pay all insurance, taxes,
utilities, common area maintenance charges, maintenance and repair expenses and to indemnify, defend and hold us harmless from
and against various claims, litigation and liabilities arising in connection with its business, including any environmental liabilities.
There can be no assurance that the tenant will have sufficient assets, income and access to financing to enable it to satisfy its
payment obligations to us under the lease. The inability or unwillingness of the tenant to meet its rent obligations to CMC or to
satisfy its other obligations, including indemnification obligations, could materially adversely affect the business, financial position
or results of operations of our Leased Real Estate segment. Furthermore, the inability or unwillingness of the tenant to satisfy its
other obligations under the lease, such as the payment of insurance, taxes and utilities, could materially and adversely affect the
condition of the Real Property.
Our triple net lease agreement requires that the tenant maintain comprehensive liability and hazard insurance. However, there are
certain types of losses (including losses arising from environmental conditions or of a catastrophic nature, such as earthquakes,
hurricanes and floods) that may be uninsurable or not economically insurable. Insurance coverage may not be sufficient to pay
the full current market value or current replacement cost of a loss. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances,
environmental considerations, and other factors also might make it infeasible to use insurance proceeds to replace the property
after such property has been damaged or destroyed. In addition, if we experience a loss that is uninsured or that exceeds policy
coverage limits, we could lose the capital invested in the property as well as the anticipated future cash flows from the property.
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
We may not be able to realize our investment objectives, which could significantly reduce our earnings and liquidity.
We depend on our investments, particularly our fixed maturities, for a substantial portion of our liquidity. As of December 31,
2017, our investments included $53.2 million of fixed maturities, at fair value. General economic conditions can adversely affect
the markets for interest rate-sensitive instruments, including the extent and timing of investor participation in such markets, the
level and volatility of interest rates and, consequently, the fair value of fixed maturities. In addition, changing economic conditions
can result in increased defaults by the issuers of investments that we own. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors,
including monetary policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors beyond our control.
Given the low interest rate environment that exists for fixed maturities, a significant increase in investment yields or an impairment
of investments that we own could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition by
reducing the fair value of the investments we own, particularly if we were forced to liquidate investments at a loss. The low
interest rate environment for fixed maturities that has existed for years also exposes us to reinvestment risk as these investments
mature because the funds may be reinvested at rates lower than those of the maturing investments.
As of December 31, 2017, our investments also included $25.2 million of limited liability investments and a $10.3 million limited
liability investment, at fair value. These investments are less liquid than fixed maturities. We generally make these investments
with long-term time horizons in mind. General economic conditions, stock market conditions and many other factors can adversely
affect the fair value of the investments we own. If circumstances necessitated us disposing of our limited liability investments
prematurely in order to generate liquidity for operating purposes, we would be exposed to realizing less than their carrying value.
Our ability to achieve our investment objectives is affected by general economic conditions that are beyond our control and our
own liquidity needs for operating purposes. We may not be able to realize our investment objectives, which could adversely affect
our results of operations, financial condition and available cash resources.
A difficult economy generally may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
An adverse change in market conditions leading to instability in the global credit markets presents additional risks and uncertainties
for our business. In particular, deterioration in the public debt markets could lead to investment losses and an erosion of capital
in our insurance company subsidiaries as a result of a reduction in the fair value of investments.
Depending on market conditions going forward, we could incur substantial realized and unrealized losses in future periods, which
could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. We could also experience a reduction in capital
in our insurance subsidiaries below levels required by the regulators in the jurisdictions in which they operate. Certain trust
accounts and letters of credit for the benefit of related companies and third-parties have been established with collateral on deposit
under the terms and conditions of the relevant trust and/or letter of credit agreements. The value of collateral could fall below the
levels required under these agreements putting the subsidiary or subsidiaries in breach of the agreements.
Market volatility may also make it more difficult to value certain of our investments if trading becomes less frequent. Disruptions,
uncertainty and volatility in the global credit markets may also impact our ability to obtain financing for future acquisitions. If
financing is available, it may only be available at an unattractive cost of capital, which would decrease our profitability. There
can be no assurance that market conditions will not deteriorate in the near future.
Financial disruption or a prolonged economic downturn may materially and adversely affect our business.
Worldwide financial markets have recently experienced periods of extraordinary disruption and volatility, resulting in heightened
credit risk, reduced valuation of investments and decreased economic activity. Moreover, many companies have experienced
reduced liquidity and uncertainty as to their ability to raise capital during such periods of market disruption and volatility. In the
event that these conditions recur or result in a prolonged economic downturn, our results of operations, financial position and/or
liquidity could be materially and adversely affected. These market conditions may affect the Company's ability to access debt
and equity capital markets. In addition, as a result of recent financial events, we may face increased regulation. Many of the other
risk factors discussed in this Risk Factors section identify risks that result from, or are exacerbated by, financial economic downturn.
These include risks related to our investments portfolio, the competitive environment, adequacy of unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses and regulatory developments.
We provided indemnity and hold harmless agreements to a third party, which could materially adversely affect our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
We provided indemnity and hold harmless agreements to a third-party for certain customs bonds reinsured by Lincoln General
Insurance Company ("Lincoln General") during a period of the time Lincoln General was a subsidiary of ours. These agreements
may require us to compensate the third-party if Lincoln General is unable to fulfill its obligations relating to the customs bonds.
Our potential exposure under these agreements is not determinable, and no assurances can be given that we will not be required
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
to perform under these agreements in a manner that has a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
We have generated net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. income tax purposes, but our ability to use these net operating
losses may be limited by our inability to generate future taxable income.
Our U.S. businesses have generated consolidated net operating loss carryforwards ("U.S. NOLs") for U.S. federal income tax
purposes of approximately $882.4 million as of December 31, 2017. These U.S. NOLs can be available to reduce income taxes
that might otherwise be incurred on future U.S. taxable income. The utilization of these U.S. NOLs would have a positive effect
on our cash flow. Our operations, however, remain challenged, and there can be no assurance that we will generate the taxable
income in the future necessary to utilize these U.S. NOLs and realize the positive cash flow benefit. Also, our U.S. NOLs have
expiration dates. There can be no assurance that, if and when we generate taxable income in the future from operations or the sale
of assets or businesses, we will generate such taxable income before our U.S. NOLs expire.
We have generated U.S. NOLs, but our ability to preserve and use these U.S. NOLs may be limited or impaired by future
ownership changes.
Our ability to utilize the U.S. NOLs after an "ownership change" is subject to the rules of Section 382 of the U.S. Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended ("Section 382"). An ownership change occurs if, among other things, the shareholders (or specified
groups of shareholders) who own or have owned, directly or indirectly, five (5%) percent or more of the value of our shares or
are otherwise treated as five (5%) percent shareholders under Section 382 and the regulations promulgated thereunder increase
their aggregate percentage ownership of the value of our shares by more than 50 percentage points over the lowest percentage of
the value of the shares owned by these shareholders over a three-year rolling period. An ownership change could also be triggered
by other activities, including the sale of our shares that are owned by our five (5%) shareholders. In the event of an ownership
change, Section 382 would impose an annual limitation on the amount of taxable income we may offset with U.S. NOLs. This
annual limitation is generally equal to the product of the value of our shares on the date of the ownership change multiplied by
the long-term tax-exempt rate in effect on the date of the ownership change. The long-term tax-exempt rate is published monthly
by the Internal Revenue Service. Any unused Section 382 annual limitation may be carried over to later years until the applicable
expiration date for the respective U.S. NOLs. In the event an ownership change as defined under Section 382 were to occur, our
ability to utilize our U.S. NOLs would become substantially limited. The consequence of this limitation would be the potential
loss of a significant future cash flow benefit because we would no longer be able to substantially offset future taxable income with
U.S. NOLs. There can be no assurance that such ownership change will not occur in the future.
Expiration of our tax benefit preservation plan may increase the probability that we will experience an ownership change
as defined under Section 382.
In order to reduce the likelihood that we would experience an ownership change without the approval of our Board of Directors,
our shareholders ratified and approved the tax benefit preservation plan agreement (the "Plan"), dated as of September 28, 2010,
between the Company and Computershare Investor Services Inc., as rights agent, for the sole purpose of protecting the U.S. NOLs.
The Plan expired on September 28, 2013. There can be no assurance that our Board of Directors will recommend to our shareholders
that a similar tax benefit preservation plan be approved to replace the expired Plan; furthermore, there can be no assurance that
our shareholders would approve any new tax benefit preservation plan were our Board of Directors to present one for shareholder
approval. The expiration of the Plan, without a new tax benefit preservation plan, exposes us to certain changes in share ownership
that we would not be able to prevent as we would have been able to prevent under the Plan. Such changes in share ownership
could trigger an ownership change as defined under Section 382 resulting in restrictions on the use of NOLs in future periods, as
discussed above.
We will only be able to utilize our U.S. NOLs against the future taxable income generated by companies we acquire if we
are able to include the acquired companies in our U.S. consolidated tax return group.
We have in the past acquired companies and expect to do so in the future. Our ability to include acquired companies in our U.S.
consolidated tax return group is subject to the rules of Section 1504 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. If
it were ever determined that an acquired company did not qualify to be included in our U.S. consolidated tax return group, such
acquired company would be required to file a U.S. tax return separate and apart from our U.S. consolidated tax return group. In
that instance, the acquired company would be required to pay U.S. income tax on its taxable income despite the existence of our
U.S. NOLs, which would be a use of cash at the acquired company; furthermore, were the income tax obligation of the acquired
company in such instance to be greater than its available cash, we could be obligated to contribute cash to our subsidiary to meet
its income tax obligation. There can be no assurance that an acquired company will generate taxable income and, if an acquired
company does generate taxable income, there can be no assurance that the acquired company will be allowed to be included in
our U.S. consolidated tax return group.
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Our being registered as a Canadian domestic company subjects us to being taxed in Canada on foreign accrual property
income that cannot be offset by our U.S. NOLs.
Canadian domestic companies are subject to taxation on certain non-Canadian sourced income called foreign accrual property
income ("FAPI"). FAPI is traditionally comprised of passive income (i.e. interest, dividends, rents, capital gains and income
generated from triple net leases). As a result, our investment portfolio, triple net lease and merchant banking activities are generally
deemed to be sources of FAPI. Active trades or businesses are generally not considered sources of FAPI; however, pursuant to
current Canadian tax law, our U.S. property-casualty insurance companies may be considered sources of FAPI. Our FAPI is subject
to taxation in Canada regardless of whether we separately utilize our U.S. NOLs to offset that same income for U.S. income tax
purposes. As a result, we could be required to pay Canadian income tax on FAPI despite the existence of our U.S. NOLs. We are
currently in a position to offset some amount of FAPI using available Canadian NOLs and foreign accrual property losses ("FAPLs")
that have been generated based upon our prior year loss activity. In the event that we do not have sufficient Canadian NOLs and
FAPLs to offset future FAPI, however, we would be required to pay Canadian income tax, which would have a negative effect on
our cash flow. There can be no assurance that our available Canadian NOLs and FAPLs will offset our future FAPI. In order for
us to avoid paying Canadian income tax on future FAPI, we would have to redomesticate to a non-Canadian jurisdiction.
COMPLIANCE RISK
If we fail to comply with applicable insurance and securities laws or regulatory requirements, our business, results of
operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
As a publicly traded holding company listed on the Toronto and New York Stock Exchanges and that owns several property and
casualty insurance subsidiaries, we are subject to numerous laws and regulations. These laws and regulations delegate regulatory,
supervisory and administrative powers to federal, provincial or state regulators.
Insurance regulations are generally designed to protect policyholders rather than shareholders and are related to matters including:
rate-setting;
risk-based capital and solvency standards;
restrictions on the amount, type, nature, quality and quantity of investments;
the maintenance of adequate provisions for unearned premiums and unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses;
restrictions on the types of terms that can be included in insurance policies;
standards for accounting;
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claims-settlement practices;
the examination of insurance companies by regulatory authorities, including periodic financial and market conduct
examinations;
the licensing of insurers and their agents;
limitations on dividends and transactions with affiliates;
approval of certain reinsurance transactions; and
insolvency proceedings.
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In light of losses incurred in recent years, Kingsway and its regulated subsidiaries have been subject to intense review and supervision
by insurance regulators. Our regulated insurance businesses are also subject to periodic financial, market conduct and other types
of examinations initiated by the insurance regulators in the states in which our insurance subsidiaries are domiciled or in which
we conduct our insurance business. These insurance regulators have broad discretion during the course of these examinations to
assert their authority and take significant steps intended, in their sole discretion, to protect the policyholders of the insurance
companies we own. These steps have included:
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requesting additional capital contributions from Kingsway to its insurance subsidiaries;
requiring certain actions be taken with respect to the investment portfolios of the insurance companies;
requiring certain analyses be undertaken and plans be developed for submission to the insurance regulators;
prohibiting certain actions of the insurance companies without the approval of the insurance regulators; and
requiring more frequent reporting, including with respect to capital and liquidity positions.
These and other actions have made it challenging for the Company to continue to maintain focus on the operation and development
of its businesses. The Company does not expect these conditions to change in the foreseeable future.
In light of financial performance and a number of material transactions executed over the years, the Company has been asked to
respond to questions from and provide information to regulatory bodies overseeing insurance and/or securities laws in Canada
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
and the United States. The Company has cooperated in all respects with these reviews and has responded to information requests
on a timely basis.
Any failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations or the mandates of our insurance regulators could result in the imposition
of fines or significant restrictions on our ability to do business, which could adversely affect our results of operations or financial
condition. In addition, any changes in laws or regulations, including the adoption of consumer initiatives regarding rates charged
for automobile or other insurance coverage or claims-handling procedures, could materially adversely affect our business, results
of operations and financial condition. It is not possible to predict the future impact of changing federal, state and provincial
regulation on our operations, and there can be no assurance that laws and regulations enacted in the future will not be more
restrictive than existing laws and regulations.
Our business is subject to risks related to litigation and regulatory actions.
We are a defendant in a number of legal actions relating to our insurance and other business operations. We may from time to
time be subject to a variety of legal and regulatory actions relating to our current and past business operations, including, but not
limited to:
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disputes over coverage or claims adjudication;
disputes regarding sales practices, disclosure, premium refunds, licensing, regulatory compliance and compensation
arrangements;
disputes with agents, producers or network providers over compensation and termination of contracts and related claims;
disputes with taxing authorities regarding our tax liabilities; and
disputes relating to certain businesses acquired or disposed of by us.
In addition, plaintiffs continue to bring new types of legal actions against insurance and related companies. Current and future
court decisions and legislative activity may increase our exposure to these types of claims. Multiparty or class action claims may
present additional exposure to substantial economic, non-economic or punitive damage awards. The loss of even one of these
claims, if it resulted in a significant award or a judicial ruling that was otherwise detrimental, could create a precedent in our
industry that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. This risk of potential liability
may make reasonable settlements of claims more difficult to obtain. We cannot determine with any certainty what new theories
of recovery may evolve or what their impact may be on our business.
We may be subject to governmental or administrative investigations and proceedings in the context of our highly regulated
businesses. We cannot predict the outcome of these investigations, proceedings and reviews, and cannot assure that such
investigations, proceedings or reviews or related litigation or changes in operating policies and practices would not materially
adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, if we were to experience difficulties with our
relationship with a regulatory body in a given jurisdiction, it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to do business in
that jurisdiction.
Material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could result in material misstatements in our
consolidated financial statements.
We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm must report on its
evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting. As disclosed in Item 9A of our 2016 Annual Report, we previously
identified a material weakness as of December 31, 2016 in our internal control over financial reporting related to income tax
accounting for non-routine transactions.
Although we successfully remediated this material weakness during 2017, we can provide no assurance that additional material
weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future and that such material weaknesses,
if identified, will not result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements.
STRATEGIC RISK
The achievement of our strategic objectives is highly dependent on effective change management.
We have restructured our operating insurance subsidiaries, including exiting states and lines of business, placing subsidiaries into
voluntary run-off, terminating managing general agent relationships and hiring a new management team, with the objective of
focusing on core lines of business, creating a more effective and efficient operating structure and focusing on profitability. These
actions resulted in changes to our structure and business processes. While these changes are expected to bring us benefits in the
form of a more agile and focused business, success is dependent on management effectively realizing the intended benefits. Change
management may result in disruptions to the operations of the business or may cause employees to act in a manner that is inconsistent
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
with our objectives. Any of these events could negatively impact our performance. We may not always achieve the expected cost
savings and other benefits of our initiatives.
We may experience difficulty continuing to reduce our holding company expenses while at the same time retaining staff
given the significant reduction in size and scale of our businesses.
We have divested a number of subsidiaries and significantly reduced our written premium in the insurance subsidiaries we continue
to own. At the same time, we have been downsizing our holding company expense base in an attempt to compensate for the
reduction in scale. There can be no assurance that our remaining businesses will produce enough cash flow to adequately compensate
and retain staff and to service our other holding company obligations, particularly the interest expense burden of our remaining
outstanding debt.
The insurance industry and related businesses in which we operate may be subject to periodic negative publicity, which
may negatively impact our financial results.
Our products and services are ultimately distributed to individual consumers. From time to time, consumer advocacy groups or
the media may focus attention on insurance products and services, thereby subjecting our industry to periodic negative publicity.
We also may be negatively impacted if participants in one or more of our markets engage in practices resulting in increased public
attention to our businesses. Negative publicity may also result in increased regulation and legislative scrutiny of practices in the
property and casualty insurance industry as well as increased litigation. These factors may further increase our costs of doing
business and adversely affect our profitability by impeding our ability to market our products and services, requiring us to change
our products or services, or by increasing the regulatory burdens under which we operate.
The highly competitive environment in which we operate could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
The property and casualty markets in which we operate are highly competitive. We compete with major North American and
other insurers, many of which have more financial, marketing and management resources than we do. There may also be other
companies of which we are not aware that may be planning to enter the property and casualty insurance industry. Insurers in our
markets generally compete on the basis of price, consumer recognition, coverages offered, claims handling, financial stability,
customer service and geographic coverage. Although our pricing is influenced to some degree by that of our competitors, we
generally believe that it is not in our best interest to compete solely on price. As a result, we are willing to experience from time
to time a loss of market share during periods of intense price competition. Our business could be adversely impacted by the loss
of business to competitors offering competitive insurance products at lower prices. This competition could affect our ability to
attract and retain profitable business.
In our non-standard automobile business, we compete with both large national underwriters and smaller regional companies. Our
competitors include other companies that, like us, serve the independent agency market, as well as companies that sell insurance
directly to customers. Direct underwriters may have certain competitive advantages over agency underwriters, including increased
name recognition, loyalty of the customer base to the insurer rather than to an independent agency and reduced costs to acquire
policies.
Additionally, in certain states, government-operated risk plans may provide non-standard automobile insurance products at lower
prices than we provide.
From time to time, our markets may also attract competition from new entrants. In some cases, such entrants may, because of
inexperience, the desire for new business or for other reasons, price their insurance below the rates that we believe offer acceptable
premiums for the related risk. Further, a number of our competitors, including new entrants to our markets, are developing e-
business capabilities that may impact the level of business transacted through our more traditional distribution channels or that
may affect pricing in the market as a whole.
The vehicle service agreement market in which we compete is comprised of a few large companies, which market service agreements
to credit unions on a national basis and have significantly more financial, marketing and management resources than we do, as
well as several other companies that are somewhat similar in size to IWS that market service agreements to credit unions either
on a regional basis or a less robust national basis. There may also be other companies of which we are not aware that may be
planning to enter the vehicle service agreement industry. Competitors in our market generally compete on coverages offered,
claims handling, customer service, financial stability and, to a lesser extent, price. Larger competitors of ours benefit from added
advantages such as industry endorsements and preferred vendor status. We do not believe that it is in our best interest to compete
solely on price. Instead, we focus our marketing on the total value experience to the credit union and its member, with an emphasis
on customer service. While we historically have been able to adjust our product offering to remain competitive when competitors
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
have focused on price, our business could be adversely impacted by the loss of business to competitors offering vehicle service
agreements at lower prices.
Engaging in acquisitions involves risks, and, if we are unable to effectively manage these risks, our business may be
materially harmed.
From time to time we engage in discussions concerning acquisition opportunities and, as a result of such discussions, may enter
into acquisition transactions.
Acquisitions entail numerous risks, including the following:
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difficulties in the integration of the acquired business;
assumption of unknown material liabilities, including deficient provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses;
diversion of management's attention from other business concerns;
failure to achieve financial or operating objectives; and
potential loss of policyholders or key employees of acquired companies.
We may not be able to integrate or operate successfully any business, operations, personnel, services or products that we may
acquire in the future.
Engaging in new business start-ups involves risks, and, if we are unable to effectively manage these risks, our business may
be materially harmed.
From time to time we engage in discussions concerning the formation of a new business venture and, as a result of such discussions,
may form and capitalize a new business.
New business start-ups entail numerous risks, including the following:
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identification of appropriate management to run the new business;
understanding the strategic, competitive and marketplace dynamics of the new business and, perhaps, industry;
establishment of proper financial and operational controls;
diversion of management's attention from other business concerns; and
failure to achieve financial or operating objectives.
We may not be able to operate successfully any business, operations, personnel, services or products that we may organize as a
new business start-up in the future.
Our company has executive officers who also serve as directors and executive officers for 1347 Property Insurance Holdings,
Inc., Atlas Financial Holdings, Inc., Limbach Holdings, Inc., Itasca Capital Ltd. and 1347 Energy Holdings LLC, entities
in which we hold investments, which may lead to conflicting interests.
As a result of our having previously spun off 1347 Property Insurance Holdings, Inc. ("PIH") and Atlas Financial Holdings, Inc.
("Atlas"); formed 1347 Capital Corp., which later entered into a business combination with Limbach Holdings, Inc. ("Limbach");
and invested in Itasca Capital Ltd. ("ICL") and 1347 Energy Holdings LLC ("1347 Energy"), entities in which we hold investments,
we have executive officers who also serve as directors for PIH, Atlas, Limbach, ICL and 1347 Energy and who serve as executive
officers, pursuant to a management services agreement, for ICL. Our executive officers and members of our Company's board of
directors have fiduciary duties to our stockholders; likewise, persons who serve in similar capacities at PIH, Atlas, Limbach, ICL
and 1347 Energy have fiduciary duties to those companies’ stockholders. We may find, though, the potential for a conflict of
interest if our Company and one or more of these other companies pursue acquisitions, investments and other business opportunities
that may be suitable for each of us. Our executive officers who find themselves in these multiple roles may, as a result, have
conflicts of interest or the appearance of conflicts of interest with respect to matters involving or affecting more than one of the
companies to which they owe fiduciary duties. Furthermore, our executive officers who find themselves in these multiple roles
own stock options, shares of common stock and other securities in some of these entities. These ownership interests could create,
or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when the applicable individuals are faced with decisions that could have different
implications for our Company and these other entities. Our Audit Committee reviews potential conflicts that may arise on a case-
by-case basis, keeping in mind the applicable fiduciary duties owed by the executive officers and directors of each entity. From
time to time, we may enter into transactions with or participate jointly in investments with PIH, Atlas, Limbach, ICL or 1347
Energy. There can be no assurance that we will not create new situations where our directors or executive officers serve as directors
or executive officers in future investment holdings of our Company.
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KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
OPERATIONAL RISK
Our provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses may be inadequate, which would result in a reduction in our
net income and might adversely affect our financial condition.
Our provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses do not represent an exact calculation of our actual liability but are
estimates involving actuarial and statistical projections at a given point in time of what we expect to be the cost of the ultimate
settlement and administration of reported and IBNR claims. The process for establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss
adjustment expenses reflects the uncertainties and significant judgmental factors inherent in estimating future results of both
reported and IBNR claims and, as such, the process is inherently complex and imprecise. These estimates are based upon various
factors, including:
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actuarial projections of the cost of settlement and administration of claims reflecting facts and circumstances then known;
estimates of future trends in claims severity and frequency;
legal theories of liability;
variability in claims-handling procedures;
economic factors such as inflation;
judicial and legislative trends, actions such as class action lawsuits, and judicial interpretation of coverages or
policy exclusions; and
the level of insurance fraud.
Most or all of these factors are not directly quantifiable, particularly on a prospective basis, and the effects of these and unforeseen
factors could negatively impact our ability to accurately assess the risks of the policies that we write. In addition, there may be
significant reporting lags between the occurrence of insured events and the time they are actually reported to us and additional
lags between the time of reporting and final settlement of claims.
As time passes and more information about the claims becomes known, the estimates are appropriately adjusted upward or
downward to reflect this additional information. Because of the elements of uncertainty encompassed in this estimation process,
and the extended time it can take to settle many of the more substantial claims, several years of experience may be required before
a meaningful comparison can be made between actual losses and the original provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses.
We cannot assure that we will not have unfavorable development in the future. In addition, we have in the past, and may in the
future, acquire other insurance companies. We cannot assure that the provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses of
the companies that we acquire are or will be adequate.
In addition, government regulators for our insurance subsidiaries could require that we increase our provisions for unpaid loss and
loss adjustment expenses if they determine that our provisions are understated. Such an increase to the provision for unpaid loss
and loss adjustment expenses for one of our insurance subsidiaries could cause a reduction in its surplus as regards policyholders,
which could adversely affect our ability to sell insurance policies.
Our Extended Warranty subsidiaries' deferred service fees may be inadequate, which would result in a reduction in our
net income and might adversely affect our financial condition.
Our Extended Warranty subsidiaries' deferred service fees do not represent an exact calculation but are estimates involving actuarial
and statistical projections at a given point in time of what we expect to be the remaining future revenue to be recognized in relation
to our remaining future obligations to provide policy administration and claim-handling services. The process for establishing
deferred service fees reflects the uncertainties and significant judgmental factors inherent in estimating the length of time and the
amount of work related to our future service obligations. If we amortize the deferred service fees too quickly, we could overstate
current revenues, which may adversely affect future reported operating results.
As time passes and more information about the remaining service obligations becomes known, the estimates are appropriately
adjusted upward or downward to reflect this additional information. We cannot assure that we will not have unfavorable re-
estimations in the future of our deferred service fees. In addition, we have in the past, and may in the future, acquire companies
that record deferred service fees. We cannot assure that the deferred service fees of the companies that we acquire are or will be
adequate.
Our reliance on independent agents can impact our ability to maintain business, and it exposes us to credit risk.
We market and distribute our automobile insurance products through a network of independent agents in the United States. As a
result, we rely heavily on these agents to attract new business. They typically represent more than one insurance company, which
may expose us to competition within the agencies and, therefore, we cannot rely on their commitment to our insurance products.
24
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Loss of all or a substantial portion of the business provided by these intermediaries could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
In accordance with industry practice, our customers sometimes pay the premiums for their policies to agents for remittance to us.
These premiums are considered paid when received by the agents and thereafter the customer is no longer liable to us for those
amounts, whether or not we have actually received the premiums from the agents. Consequently, we assume a degree of risk
associated with our reliance on independent agents in connection with the settlement of insurance balances.
Our reliance on credit unions and automobile sales can impact our ability to maintain business.
We market and distribute our vehicle service agreements through a network of credit unions in the United States. As a result, we
rely heavily on these credit unions to attract new business. While these distribution arrangements tend to be exclusive between
us and each credit union, we have competitors that offer similar products exclusively through credit unions. Loss of all or a
substantial portion of our existing credit union relationships; a significant decline in membership in our existing credit union
relationships; or a significant decline in new and used automobile sales could have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations and financial condition.
Our reliance on homebuilders and new home sales can impact our ability to maintain business.
We market and distribute our core home warranty products through home builders throughout the United States. As a result, we
rely heavily on these home builders to generate new business. Loss of all or a substantial portion of our existing home builder
relationships or a significant decline in new home sales could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
Our reliance on a limited number of warranty and maintenance support clients and customers can impact our ability to
maintain business.
We market and distribute our warranty products and equipment breakdown and maintenance support services through a limited
number of customers and clients across the United States. Loss of all or a substantial portion of our existing customers and clients
could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our gross premiums written are derived from the non-standard automobile markets. If the demand for insurance in this
market declines, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, 100.0% of the gross premiums written from our Insurance Underwriting segment were
attributable to non-standard automobile insurance. The size of the non-standard automobile insurance market can be affected
significantly by many factors outside of our control, such as the underwriting capacity and underwriting criteria of standard
automobile insurance carriers, and we may be specifically affected by these factors. Additionally, the non-standard automobile
insurance market tends to contract during periods of high unemployment. To the extent that the non-standard automobile insurance
markets are affected adversely for any reason, our gross premiums written will be disproportionately affected due to our substantial
reliance on these insurance markets.
We derive the majority of our non-standard automobile insurance gross premiums written from a few geographic areas,
which may cause our business to be affected by catastrophic losses or business conditions in these areas.
Certain jurisdictions, specifically Florida, Texas, Illinois, California, Colorado and Nevada, generated 90.1% of our non-standard
automobile insurance gross premiums written during 2017.
Our results of operations may, therefore, be adversely affected by any catastrophic losses in these areas. Catastrophic losses can
be caused by a wide variety of events, including earthquakes, hurricanes, tropical storms, tornadoes, wind, ice storms, hail, fires,
terrorism, riots and explosions, and their incidence and severity are inherently unpredictable. Catastrophic losses are characterized
by low frequency but high severity due to aggregation of losses and could result in adverse effects on our results of operations or
financial condition. Our results of operations may also be adversely affected by general economic conditions, competition,
regulatory actions or other business conditions that affect losses or business conditions in the specific areas in which we conduct
most of our business.
If reinsurance rates rise significantly or reinsurance becomes unavailable or reinsurers are unable to pay amounts due to
us, we may be adversely affected.
In the past, we have purchased reinsurance from third-parties in order to reduce our liability on individual risks. Reinsurance does
not relieve us of our primary liability to our insureds. A third-party reinsurer's insolvency, inability or unwillingness to make
payments under the terms of a reinsurance treaty could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of
25
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
operations. As of December 31, 2017, we had $0.4 million recoverable from third-party reinsurers, including reinsurance
recoverable related to property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses.
The amount and cost of reinsurance available to our insurance companies are subject, in large part, to prevailing market conditions
beyond our control. Our ability to provide insurance at competitive premium rates and coverage limits on a continuing basis may
depend in part upon the extent to which we can obtain adequate reinsurance in amounts and at rates that will not adversely affect
our competitive position. If we determine in the future that access to reinsurance facilities is desirable or necessary in order for
us to conduct business, we cannot assure that we will be able to obtain reinsurance in adequate amounts and at favorable rates. If
this were to occur, we may need to modify our underwriting practices or reduce our underwriting commitments.
Disruptions or security failures in our information technology systems could create liability for us and/or limit our ability
to effectively monitor, operate and control our operations and adversely impact our reputation, business, financial condition,
results of operation and cash flows.
Our information technology systems facilitate our ability to monitor, operate and control our operations. Changes or modifications
to our information technology systems could cause disruption to our operations or cause challenges with respect to our compliance
with laws, regulations or other applicable standards. For example, delays, higher than expected costs or unsuccessful
implementation of new information technology systems could adversely impact our operations. In addition, any disruption in or
failure of our information technology systems to operate as expected could, depending on the magnitude of the problem, adversely
impact our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows, including by limiting our capacity to monitor, operate
and control our operations effectively. Failures of our information technology systems could also lead to violations of privacy
laws, regulations, trade guidelines or practices related to our customers and employees. If our disaster recovery plans do not work
as anticipated, or if the third-party vendors to which we have outsourced certain information technology or other services fail to
fulfill their obligations to us, our operations may be adversely impacted. Any of these circumstances could adversely impact our
reputation, business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.
Our success depends on our ability to price accurately the risks we underwrite.
Our results of operation and financial condition depend on our ability to underwrite and set premium rates accurately for a wide
variety of risks. Adequate rates are necessary to generate premiums sufficient to pay loss and loss adjustment expenses and other
expenses and to earn a profit. To price our products accurately, we must collect and properly analyze a substantial amount of data;
develop, test and apply appropriate pricing techniques; closely monitor and timely recognize changes in trends; and project both
severity and frequency of losses with reasonable accuracy. Our ability to undertake these efforts successfully, and as a result price
our products accurately, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, some of which are outside our control, including:
•
•
•
•
the availability of reliable data and our ability to properly analyze available data;
the uncertainties that inherently characterize estimates and assumptions;
our selection and application of appropriate pricing techniques; and
changes in applicable legal liability standards and in the civil litigation system generally.
Consequently, we could underprice risks, which would adversely affect our underwriting results, or we could overprice risks,
which would reduce our sales volume and competitiveness. In either case, our results of operation could be materially and adversely
affected.
Our results of operation may fluctuate as a result of cyclical changes in the property and casualty insurance industry.
Our results of operation are primarily attributable to the property and casualty insurance industry, which as an industry is cyclical
in nature and has historically been characterized by soft markets followed by hard markets. A soft market is a period of relatively
high levels of price competition, less restrictive underwriting standards and generally low premium rates. A hard market is a
period of capital shortages resulting in lack of insurance availability, relatively low levels of competition, more selective
underwriting of risks and relatively high premium rates. If we find it necessary to reduce premiums or limit premium increases
due to competitive pressures on pricing in a softening market, we may experience a reduction in our premiums written and,
therefore, in our earned premium revenues, which could adversely affect our results of operation.
Our results of operation and financial condition could be adversely affected by the results of our voluntary run-off of two
of our insurance subsidiaries.
The Company currently has two of its insurance subsidiaries, MCC and Amigo, operating in voluntary run-off. Our success at
managing these run-offs is highly dependent upon proper claim-handling and the availability of the necessary liquidity to pay
claims when due. As a result, we are dependent in part on our ability to retain the services of appropriately trained and supervised
claim-handling personnel. The loss of the services of any of our key claim-handling personnel working in our run-offs, or the
26
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
inability to identify, hire and retain other highly qualified claim-handling personnel in the future, could adversely affect our results
of operations. We are also dependent on the continuing availability of the necessary liquidity, from the sale of investments,
collection of reinsurance recoverables and, potentially, capital contributions, to properly settle claims. Our inability to sell
investments when needed or to collect outstanding reinsurance recoverables when due could have an adverse effect on our results
of operation or financial condition. See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of MD&A for additional detail regarding
the voluntary run-offs of MCC and Amigo.
HUMAN RESOURCES RISK
Our business depends upon key employees, and if we are unable to retain the services of these key employees or to attract
and retain additional qualified personnel, our business may be adversely affected.
Our success at improving our performance will be dependent in part on our ability to retain the services of our existing key
employees and to attract and retain additional qualified personnel in the future. The loss of the services of any of our key employees,
or the inability to identify, hire and retain other highly qualified personnel in the future, could adversely affect our results of
operations.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
Leased Properties
Insurance Underwriting leases facilities with an aggregate square footage of approximately 40,298 at five locations in five states.
The latest expiration date of the existing leases is in February 2023.
Extended Warranty leases facilities with an aggregate square footage of approximately 26,534 at three locations in three states.
The latest expiration date of the existing leases is in October 2024.
The Company leases facilities for its corporate offices with an aggregate square footage of approximately 8,086 at two locations
in one state. The latest expiration date of the existing leases is in November 2020.
The properties described above are in good condition. We consider our office facilities suitable and adequate for our current levels
of operations.
Owned Properties
Leased Real Estate owns the Real Property, which is subject to a long-term triple net lease agreement. The Real Property includes
rail car tracks which provide rail car storage spaces and has 72 miles of double-ended rail track. The Real Property also contains
a 5,760 square foot office building with an attached observation tower comprised of 1,150 square feet.
The Company also owns two buildings located in Illinois consisting of approximately 4,636 square feet. The buildings are used
for rental purposes and corporate offices.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
In connection with its operations in the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are named as defendants in
various actions for damages and costs allegedly sustained by the plaintiffs. While it is not possible to estimate the loss, or range
of loss, if any, that would be incurred in connection with any of the various proceedings at this time, it is possible an individual
action would result in a loss having a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations or financial condition.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
27
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Part II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the
trading symbol "KFS."
The following table sets forth, for the calendar quarters indicated, the high and low sales price for our common shares as reported
on the TSX and NYSE.
TSX
NYSE
High - C$
Low - C$
High - US$
Low - US$
C$
C$
7.57
7.95
8.56
8.56
8.36
7.63
6.90
6.34
6.25
6.66
7.29
7.38
7.42
6.65
5.59
5.33
$
$
6.05
6.20
6.30
6.50
6.25
5.79
5.37
4.79
4.95
5.45
5.35
5.40
5.45
5.23
4.48
3.72
2017
Quarter 4
Quarter 3
Quarter 2
Quarter 1
2016
Quarter 4
Quarter 3
Quarter 2
Quarter 1
Shareholders of Record
As of March 15, 2018, the closing sales price of our common shares as reported by the TSX was C$5.57 per share and as reported
by the NYSE was $4.30 per share.
As of March 16, 2018, we had 21,708,190 common shares issued and outstanding, held by approximately 3,400 shareholders of
record.
Dividends
The Company has not declared a dividend since the first quarter of 2009. The declaration and payment of dividends is subject to
the discretion of our Board of Directors after taking into account many factors, including financial condition, results of operations,
anticipated cash needs and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. For a discussion of our cash resources and
needs, see the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of MD&A.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The information required related to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is incorporated herein by
reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than
120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not have any unregistered sales of our equity securities.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we did not have any repurchases of our equity securities.
28
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Performance Graph
The following stock performance graph shows a comparison of cumulative total shareholder return on the Company's common
stock for the period beginning on December 31, 2012 and ending on December 31, 2017 with cumulative total return of the Russell
MicroCap Index and the SNL MicroCap U.S. Financial Services Index. Kingsway is not a constituent of either of these two
indices. The graph shows the change in value of an initial one hundred dollar investment over the period indicated, assuming all
dividends have been reinvested.
Company/Index
Kingsway
Russell MicroCap
SNL Micro Cap U.S. Financial Services
Years ended December 31,
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
$
$
$
100 $
100 $
100 $
102 $
146 $
121 $
146 $
151 $
120 $
120 $
143 $
88 $
164 $
172 $
87 $
133
195
118
29
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following table has selected financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013 and
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and MD&A included in this 2017 Annual Report.
Historical results are not necessarily indicative of future results.
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data (1):
Net premiums earned
Service fee and commission income
Rental income
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Loss from continuing operations
Basic loss per share - continuing operations
Diluted loss per share - continuing operations
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and invested assets
Total Assets
Note payable
Bank loan
LROC preferred units, at fair value
Senior unsecured debentures, at fair value
Subordinated debt, at fair value
Total Liabilities
Total Shareholders' Equity
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
130,443
127,608
117,433
117,593
109,608
31,909
13,384
2,669
3,771
(11,655)
(0.76)
(0.76)
145,853
484,600
186,469
4,917
—
—
52,105
435,290
43,849
24,232
5,436
8,244
360
(733)
(0.05)
(0.05)
164,912
501,021
190,074
—
—
—
43,619
437,759
56,835
22,966
—
2,955
1,197
(11,415)
(0.61)
(0.61)
24,659
—
1,616
5,041
(14,666)
(0.95)
(0.95)
49,543
—
2,186
3,505
(43,311)
(3.12)
(3.12)
160,830
241,022
159,210
301,722
168,677
324,639
—
—
—
—
39,898
190,925
43,703
—
—
13,618
—
40,659
253,526
41,866
—
—
14,854
14,356
28,471
287,719
36,920
(1) The Company disposed of its subsidiary, ARS, on April 1, 2015. The financial results of ARS are presented as discontinued
operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. Refer to Note 5, "Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and
Liquidation," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
The Company disposed of its majority interest in its subsidiary, PIH, effective March 31, 2014. The earnings of PIH are included
in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and for the year ended December 31,
2013.
The Company acquired its subsidiary, PWSC, effective October 12, 2017. The consolidated statements of operations include the
earnings of PWSC from the date of acquisition. Refer to Note 4, "Acquisitions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for
further discussion.
The Company acquired its subsidiary, Trinity, effective May 22, 2013. The consolidated statements of operations include the
earnings of Trinity from the date of acquisition.
30
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
Kingsway is a Canadian holding company with operating subsidiaries located in the United States. The Company operates as a
merchant bank with a focus on long-term value-creation. The Company owns or controls subsidiaries primarily in the insurance,
extended warranty, asset management and real estate industries and pursues non-control investments and other opportunities acting
as an advisor, an investor and a financier. Kingsway conducts its business through the following three reportable segments:
Insurance Underwriting, Extended Warranty (formerly Insurance Services) and Leased Real Estate.
Insurance Underwriting includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: Mendota Insurance Company ("Mendota"),
Mendakota Insurance Company ("Mendakota"), Mendakota Casualty Company ("MCC"), Kingsway Amigo Insurance Company
("Amigo") and Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation. Throughout this 2017 Annual Report, the term "Insurance Underwriting" is
used to refer to this segment.
Insurance Underwriting provides non-standard automobile insurance to individuals who do not meet the criteria for coverage by
standard automobile insurers. Insurance Underwriting has policyholders in 12 states; however new business is accepted in only
eight states. In 2017, production in the following states represented 90.1% of Insurance Underwriting's gross premiums written:
Florida (28.0%), Texas (16.8%), California (13.3%), Nevada (12.1%), Illinois (10.5%) and Colorado (9.4%). For the year ended
December 31, 2017, non-standard automobile insurance accounted for 100.0% of Insurance Underwriting's gross premiums written.
The Company previously placed Amigo and MCC into voluntary run-off in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Each of Amigo and MCC
entered into a comprehensive run-off plan which was approved by its respective state of domicile. Kingsway continues to manage
Amigo and MCC in a manner consistent with the run-off plans. During the first quarter of 2015, MCC sent a letter of intent to
the Illinois Department of Insurance to resume writing private passenger automobile policies in the state of Illinois. MCC began
writing these policies on April 1, 2015.
Extended Warranty includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: IWS Acquisition Corporation ("IWS"), Trinity Warranty
Solutions LLC ("Trinity") and Professional Warranty Service Corporation ("PWSC"). Throughout this 2017 Annual Report, the
term "Extended Warranty" is used to refer to this segment. Prior to the second quarter of 2017, Extended Warranty was referred
to as Insurance Services.
IWS is a licensed motor vehicle service agreement company and is a provider of after-market vehicle protection services distributed
by credit unions in 23 states and the District of Columbia to their members.
Trinity sells warranty products and provides maintenance support to consumers and businesses in the heating, ventilation, air
conditioning ("HVAC"), standby generator, commercial LED lighting and refrigeration industries. Trinity distributes its warranty
products through original equipment manufacturers, HVAC distributors and commercial and residential contractors. Trinity
distributes its maintenance support direct through corporate owners of retail spaces throughout the United States.
PWSC sells new home warranty products and provides administration services to home builders and homeowners across the United
States. PWSC distributes its products and services through an in house sales team and through insurance brokers and insurance
carriers throughout all states except Alaska and Louisiana.
Leased Real Estate includes the Company's subsidiary, CMC Industries, Inc. ("CMC"). CMC owns, through an indirect wholly
owned subsidiary (the "Property Owner"), a parcel of real property consisting of approximately 192 acres located in the State of
Texas (the "Real Property"), which is subject to a long-term triple net lease agreement. The Real Property is also subject to a
mortgage, which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets (the "Mortgage"). Throughout this 2017 Annual
Report, the term "Leased Real Estate" is used to refer to this segment.
Effective April 1, 2015, the Company closed on the sale of its wholly owned subsidiary, Assigned Risk Solutions Ltd. ("ARS").
As a result, ARS has been classified as discontinued operations and the results of their operations are reported separately for all
periods presented. Prior to the transaction, ARS was included in the Extended Warranty segment. As a result of classifying ARS
as a discontinued operation, all segmented information has been restated to exclude ARS from the Extended Warranty segment.
31
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
NON U.S.-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Throughout this 2017 Annual Report, we present our operations in the way we believe will be most meaningful, useful and
transparent to anyone using this financial information to evaluate our performance. In addition to the U.S. GAAP presentation of
net (loss) income, we show certain statutory reporting information and other non-U.S. GAAP financial measures that we believe
are relevant in managing our business and drawing comparisons to our peers. These measures are segment operating (loss) income,
gross premiums written, net premiums written and underwriting ratios.
Following is a list of non-U.S. GAAP measures found throughout this report with their definitions, relationships to U.S. GAAP
measures and explanations of their importance to our operations.
Segment Operating (Loss) Income
Segment operating (loss) income represents one measure of the pretax profitability of our segments and is derived by subtracting
direct segment expenses from direct segment revenues. Revenues and expenses are presented in the consolidated statements of
operations, but are not subtotaled by segment; however, this information is available in total and by segment in Note 24, "Segmented
Information," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, regarding reportable segment information. The nearest comparable U.S.
GAAP measure is loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense which, in addition to segment operating
(loss) income, includes net investment income, net realized gains, other-than-temporary impairment loss, amortization of intangible
assets, contingent consideration benefit, impairment of intangible assets, interest expense not allocated to segments, other income
and expenses not allocated to segments, net, foreign exchange losses, net, (loss) gain on change in fair value of debt, gain (loss)
on deconsolidation of subsidiaries and equity in net income (loss) of investees. A reconciliation of segment operating (loss) income
to loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is
presented in Tables 1 and 2 of the "Results of Continuing Operations" section of MD&A.
Gross Premiums Written
While net premiums earned is the related U.S. GAAP measure used in the consolidated statements of operations, gross premiums
written is the component of net premiums earned that measures insurance business produced before the effect of ceding reinsurance
premiums, but without respect to when those premiums will be recognized as actual revenue. We use this measure as an overall
gauge of gross business volume in Insurance Underwriting.
Net Premiums Written
While net premiums earned is the related U.S. GAAP measure used in the consolidated statements of operations, net premiums
written is the component of net premiums earned that measures the difference between gross premiums written and the effect of
ceding reinsurance premiums, but without respect to when those premiums will be recognized as actual revenue. We use this
measure as an indication of retained or net business volume in Insurance Underwriting.
Underwriting Ratios
Kingsway, like many insurance companies, analyzes performance based on underwriting ratios such as loss and loss adjustment
expense ratio, expense ratio and combined ratio. The loss and loss adjustment expense ratio is derived by dividing the amount of
net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred by net premiums earned. The expense ratio is derived by dividing the sum of
commissions and premium taxes; general and administrative expenses and policy fee income by net premiums earned. The
combined ratio is the sum of the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio and the expense ratio. A combined ratio below 100%
demonstrates underwriting profit whereas a combined ratio over 100% demonstrates an underwriting loss.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classification of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results
could differ from these estimates. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in
estimates are recorded in the accounting period in which they are determined. The critical accounting estimates and assumptions
in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses; valuation
of fixed maturities and equity investments; impairment assessment of investments; valuation of limited liability investment, at fair
value; valuation of deferred income taxes; valuation and impairment assessment of intangible assets; goodwill recoverability;
deferred acquisition costs; fair value assumptions for performance shares; and fair value assumptions for subordinated debt
obligations.
32
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Provision for Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
A significant degree of judgment is required to determine amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements for the provision
for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses. The process for establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses reflects the uncertainties and significant judgmental factors inherent in predicting future results of both known and
unknown loss events. As such, the process is inherently complex and imprecise and estimates are constantly refined. The process
of establishing the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses relies on the judgment and opinions of a large number
of individuals, including the opinions of the Company's actuaries. Further information regarding estimates used in determining
our provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is discussed in the “Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses”
section of Part I, Item 1 of this 2017 Annual Report and Note 13, "Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses," to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
The Company utilizes external actuaries to evaluate the adequacy of our provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
under the terms of our insurance policies and vehicle service agreements. The provision is evaluated by the Company's actuaries
with the results then shared with management, which is responsible for establishing the provision recorded in the consolidated
balance sheets.
In the year-end actuarial review process, an analysis of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is completed
for each insurance subsidiary and IWS. Unpaid deferred cost containment expenses and unpaid adjusting and other expenses,
which are components of the provision for loss adjustment expenses, and unpaid losses are each separately analyzed by line of
business and by accident year utilizing a wide range of actuarial methods. These unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses are
further analyzed by looking separately at case reserves, which are specific reserves established for specific claims, and reserves
for losses incurred but not reported ("IBNR").
Because the establishment of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is an inherently uncertain process involving
estimates, current provisions may need to be updated. Adjustments to the provision, both favorable and unfavorable, are reflected
in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods in which such estimates are updated. The Company's actuaries develop
a range of reasonable estimates and a point estimate of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses. The actuarial point estimate is
intended to represent the actuaries' best estimate and will not necessarily be at the mid-point of the high and low estimates of the
range.
Valuation of Fixed Maturities and Equity Investments
Our equity investments, including warrants, are recorded at fair value using quoted market values based on latest bid prices, where
active markets exist, or models based on significant market observable inputs, where no active markets exist. For fixed maturities,
we use observable inputs such as quoted prices in inactive markets, quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments,
benchmark interest rates, broker quotes and other relevant inputs. We do not have any fixed maturities and equity investments in
our portfolio which require us to use unobservable inputs.
Gains and losses realized on the disposition of investments are determined on the first-in first-out basis and credited or charged
to the consolidated statements of operations. Premium and discount on investments are amortized and accredited using the interest
method and charged or credited to net investment income.
Impairment Assessment of Investments
The establishment of an other-than-temporary impairment on an investment requires a number of judgments and estimates. We
perform a quarterly analysis of the individual investments to determine if declines in market value are other-than-temporary. The
analysis includes some or all of the following procedures, as applicable:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
identifying all unrealized loss positions that have existed for at least six months;
identifying other circumstances management believes may impact the recoverability of the unrealized loss positions;
obtaining a valuation analysis from third-party investment managers regarding the intrinsic value of these investments based
on their knowledge and experience together with market-based valuation techniques;
reviewing the trading range of certain investments over the preceding calendar period;
assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for debt instruments based on the investment grade credit ratings
from third-party rating agencies;
assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for any debt instrument with a non-investment grade credit
rating based on the continuity of its debt service record;
determining the necessary provision for declines in market value that are considered other-than-temporary based on the analyses
performed; and
33
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
•
assessing the Company's ability and intent to hold these investments at least until the investment impairment is recovered.
The risks and uncertainties inherent in the assessment methodology used to determine declines in market value that are other-than-
temporary include, but may not be limited to, the following:
•
•
•
•
the opinions of professional investment managers could be incorrect;
the past trading patterns of individual investments may not reflect future valuation trends;
the credit ratings assigned by independent credit rating agencies may be incorrect due to unforeseen or unknown facts related
to a company's financial situation; and
the debt service pattern of non-investment grade instruments may not reflect future debt service capabilities and may not
reflect a company's unknown underlying financial problems.
As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the
Company recorded write downs of $0.3 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments for the year
ended December 31, 2017, $0.1 million and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments and
limited liability investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $0.0 million for other-than-temporary
impairment related to fixed maturities for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Valuation of Limited Liability Investment, at Fair Value
In connection with the deconsolidation of 1347 Investors LLC ("1347 Investors") during the third quarter of 2016, the Company
retained a minority investment in 1347 Investors. The Company has made an irrevocable election to account for this investment
at fair value with changes in fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of this investment is
calculated based on a model that distributes the net equity of 1347 Investors to all classes of membership interests. The model
uses quoted market prices and significant market observable inputs.
Valuation of Deferred Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is calculated based on the expected tax treatment of transactions recorded in our consolidated
financial statements. In determining our provision for income taxes, we interpret tax legislation in a variety of jurisdictions and
make assumptions about the expected timing of the reversal of deferred income tax assets and liabilities and the valuation of
deferred income taxes.
The ultimate realization of the deferred income tax asset balance is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during
the periods in which the Company's temporary differences reverse and become deductible. A valuation allowance is established
when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred income tax asset balance will not be realized. In determining
whether a valuation allowance is needed, management considers all available positive and negative evidence affecting specific
deferred income tax asset balances, including the Company's past and anticipated future performance, the reversal of deferred
income tax liabilities, and the availability of tax planning strategies.
Objective positive evidence is necessary to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed for all or a portion of a
company's deferred income tax asset balances when significant negative evidence exists. Cumulative losses are the most compelling
form of negative evidence considered by management in this determination. To the extent a valuation allowance is established in
a period, an expense must be recorded within the income tax provision in the consolidated statements of operations. As of
December 31, 2017, the Company maintains a valuation allowance of $181.2 million, $174.8 million of which relates to its U.S.
deferred income taxes. The largest component of the U.S. deferred income tax asset balance relates to tax loss carryforwards that
have arisen as a result of losses generated from the Company's U.S. operations. Uncertainty over the Company's ability to utilize
these losses over the short-term has led the Company to record a valuation allowance.
Future events may result in the valuation allowance being adjusted, which could materially impact our financial position and results
of operations. If sufficient positive evidence were to arise in the future indicating that all or a portion of the deferred income tax
assets would meet the more likely than not standard, all or a portion of the valuation allowance would be reversed in the period
that such a conclusion was reached.
Valuation and Impairment Assessment of Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Intangible assets with definite useful lives
consist of vehicle service agreements in-force ("VSA in-force"), database, customer relationships, contract-based revenues and
in-place lease. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If circumstances require that a definite-lived
34
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
intangible asset be tested for possible impairment, we first compare the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that
definite-lived intangible asset to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the definite-lived intangible asset is not recoverable
on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of a tenant relationship, insurance licenses and trade name. Intangible assets with an
indefinite life are assessed for impairment annually as of December 31, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that
the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether
it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If facts and circumstances indicate that it is more
likely than not that the intangible asset is impaired, a fair value-based impairment test would be required. Management must make
estimates and assumptions in determining the fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets that may affect any resulting impairment
write-down. This includes assumptions regarding future cash flows and future revenues from the related intangible assets or their
reporting units. Management then compares the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets to their respective carrying
amounts. If the carrying amount of an intangible asset exceeds the fair value of that intangible asset, an impairment is recorded.
During 2017, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million related to its insurance licenses indefinite lived intangible
asset. The impairment recorded was the result of Mendota and Mendakota surrendering their insurance licenses in the state of
New Mexico during the first quarter of 2017. No impairment charges were taken on intangible assets in 2016 or 2015. Additional
information regarding our intangible assets is included in Note 11, "Intangible Assets," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Goodwill Recoverability
Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually as of December 31, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the
carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it
is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If facts and circumstances indicate
that it is more likely than not that the goodwill is impaired, a fair value-based impairment test would be required. The goodwill
impairment test is a two-step process that requires management to make judgments in determining what assumptions to use in the
calculation. The first step of the process consists of estimating the fair value of each reporting unit based on valuation techniques,
including a discounted cash flow model using revenue and profit forecasts, and comparing those estimated fair values with the
carrying values of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, which includes the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value
is less than the carrying value, a second step is performed to compute the amount of the impairment, if any, by determining an
implied fair value of goodwill. The determination of the implied fair value of goodwill of a reporting unit requires management
to allocate the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. Any unallocated fair value
represents the implied fair value of goodwill, which is compared to its corresponding carrying value. For reporting units with a
negative book value, qualitative factors are evaluated to determine whether it is necessary to perform the second step of the goodwill
impairment test. Additional information regarding our goodwill is included in Note 10, "Goodwill," to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Deferred Acquisition Costs
Deferred acquisition costs represent the deferral of expenses that we incur related to successful efforts to acquire new business or
renew existing business. Acquisition costs, primarily commissions, premium taxes and underwriting and agency expenses related
to issuing insurance policies and vehicle service agreements, are deferred and charged against income ratably over the terms of
the related insurance policies and vehicle service agreements. Management regularly reviews the categories of acquisition costs
that are deferred and assesses the recoverability of this asset. For Insurance Underwriting, a premium deficiency and a corresponding
charge to income is recognized if the sum of the expected losses and loss adjustment expenses, unamortized acquisition costs and
maintenance costs exceeds related unearned premiums and anticipated net investment income.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments include investments in warrants and performance shares issued to the Company under various
performance share grant agreements. Refer to Note 6, "Investments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for further details
regarding the performance shares. Warrants are classified as equity investments in the consolidated balance sheets.
We measure derivative financial instruments at fair value. Warrants are recorded at fair value using quoted market values based
on latest bid prices, where active markets exist, or models based on significant market observable inputs, where no active markets
exist. The performance shares, for which no active market exists, are required to be valued at fair value as determined in good
faith by the Company. Such determination of fair value would require us to develop a model based upon relevant observable
market inputs as well as significant unobservable inputs, including developing a sufficiently reliable estimate for an appropriate
discount to reflect the illiquidity and unique structure of the security. The Company determined that its model for the performance
shares was not sufficiently reliable. As a result, we have assigned a fair value of zero to the performance shares.
35
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Fair Value Assumptions for Subordinated Debt Obligations
Our subordinated debt is measured and reported at fair value. The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated using a model
based on significant market observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party. These inputs include credit spread assumptions
developed by a third party and market observable swap rates.
36
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
A reconciliation of total segment operating loss to net (loss) income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 is presented
in Table 1 below:
Table 1 Segment Operating (Loss) Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Segment operating (loss) income
Insurance Underwriting
Extended Warranty
Leased Real Estate
Total segment operating loss
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Amortization of intangible assets
Contingent consideration benefit
Impairment of intangible assets
Interest expense not allocated to segments
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net
Foreign exchange losses, net
Loss on change in fair value of debt
Gain on deconsolidation of subsidiary
Equity in net income (loss) of investees
Loss from continuing operations before income tax benefit
Income tax benefit
Loss from continuing operations
Loss on liquidation of subsidiary, net of taxes
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes
Net (loss) income
2017
2016
Change
(20,606)
3,957
3,099
(13,550)
2,669
3,771
(316)
(1,152)
212
(250)
(4,977)
(9,436)
(15)
(8,487)
—
2,115
(29,416)
(17,761)
(11,655)
(494)
1,017
(11,132)
(8,202)
506
627
(7,069)
8,244
360
(157)
(1,242)
657
—
(4,496)
(7,640)
(15)
(3,721)
5,643
(1,017)
(10,453)
(9,720)
(733)
—
1,255
522
(12,404)
3,451
2,472
(6,481)
(5,575)
3,411
(159)
90
(445)
(250)
(481)
(1,796)
—
(4,766)
(5,643)
3,132
(18,963)
(8,041)
(10,922)
(494)
(238)
(11,654)
Loss from Continuing Operations, Net (Loss) Income and Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Share
For the year ended December 31, 2017, we incurred a loss from continuing operations of $11.7 million ($0.76 per diluted share)
compared to $0.7 million ($0.05 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2016. The loss from continuing operations
for the year ended December 31, 2017 is primarily attributable to operating loss in Insurance Underwriting, interest expense not
allocated to segments, other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net and loss on change in fair value of debt, partially
offset by operating income in Extended Warranty and Leased Real Estate, net investment income, net realized gains, equity in net
income of investees and income tax benefit. The loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 is primarily
attributable to operating loss in Insurance Underwriting, interest expense not allocated to segments, other income and expenses
not allocated to segments, net and loss on change in fair value of debt, partially offset by net investment income, gain on
deconsolidation of subsidiary and income tax benefit.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, we reported net loss of 11.1 million ($0.73 per diluted share) compared to net income of
$0.5 million ($0.01 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2016.
37
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Insurance Underwriting
For the year ended December 31, 2017, Insurance Underwriting gross premiums written were $126.9 million compared to $132.7
million for the year ended December 31, 2016, representing a 4.4% decrease. Net premiums written decreased 4.2% to $126.9
million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared with $132.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Net premiums
earned increased 2.2% to $130.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared with $127.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2016. The increase in net premiums earned generally reflects the natural lag between when premiums are written
and when they are earned. The more recent trend of net premiums written decreasing year over year will eventually lead to a year
over year decrease in net premiums earned. Of particular note, the Company had approximately 12% fewer policies in force at
December 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016. The decrease in policies in force reflects the Company’s actions throughout
2017 to increase rates, revise payment terms and invoke certain market restrictions, all with the intention of improving the
profitability of the Company’s business.
The Insurance Underwriting operating loss increased to $20.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $8.2
million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in operating loss is primarily explained by the difference between
the $20.7 million of unfavorable development in the provision for property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses recorded
in 2017 for accident years 2016 and prior compared to the $8.1 million of unfavorable development recorded in 2016 for accident
years 2015 and prior.
The Insurance Underwriting loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for 2017 was 92.6% compared to 81.8% in 2016. The increase
in the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio is primarily attributable to the increased unfavorable development recorded in 2017
as compared to the unfavorable development recorded in 2016.
The Insurance Underwriting expense ratio was 23.5% in 2017 compared with 25.0% in 2016. The decrease in the expense ratio
is primarily due to increased net premiums earned as well as lower salary and benefits expense at Mendota and MCC and lower
bad debt expense at Mendota for 2017 as compared to 2016, despite the 2016 expense ratio reflecting a one-time benefit of $0.5
million related to the settlement of outstanding litigation.
The Insurance Underwriting combined ratio was 116.1% in 2017 compared with 106.8% in 2016, reflecting the dynamics which
affected the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio and expense ratio.
Extended Warranty
The Extended Warranty service fee and commission income increased 31.8% to $31.9 million for the year ended December 31,
2017 compared with $24.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. This increase was primarily due to increased service
fee and commission income at both IWS and Trinity. IWS experienced increased sales of vehicle service agreements due to higher
automobile sales and improved penetration of its credit union distribution channel. Trinity experienced increased sales to existing
customers of both its maintenance support and warranty products. The increase in service fee and commission income is also
reflective of the inclusion of PWSC in 2017 following its acquisition effective October 12, 2017. PWSC service fee and commission
income was $2.4 million from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2017.
The Extended Warranty operating income was $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared with $0.5 million
for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in operating income is due to the inclusion of PWSC in 2017, as noted above,
as well as improved revenues, partially offset by related increases in cost of services sold at Trinity and commission expense at
IWS, for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. PWSC operating income was $0.9 million
from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2017.
38
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Leased Real Estate
Leased Real Estate rental income was $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $5.4 million for the year
ended December 31, 2016. The rental income is derived from CMC's long-term triple net lease. The Company acquired 81% of
CMC on July 14, 2016. The 2017 rental income is reflective of a lease amendment that was executed effective beginning in the
first quarter of 2017 whereby the tenant will pay an aggregate $25.0 million of additional rental income through May 2034, the
remaining term of the lease (the "Lease Amendment"). The Leased Real Estate operating income was $3.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 2017 compared to $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Leased Real Estate operating income
includes interest expense of $6.3 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. See
"Investments" section below for further discussion.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income decreased to $2.7 million in 2017 compared to $8.2 million in 2016. The decrease in 2017 is primarily
explained by the difference between the $0.4 million net investment loss recorded during 2017 related to the Company’s limited
liability investment, at fair value compared to the $4.7 million net investment income recorded during 2016 related to the Company’s
limited liability investment, at fair value.
Net Realized Gains
The Company incurred net realized gains of $3.8 million in 2017 compared to $0.4 million in 2016. The net realized gains in
2017 and 2016 resulted primarily from the liquidation of equity investments in Insurance Underwriting.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Loss
As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the
Company recorded write downs of $0.3 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments for the year
ended December 31, 2017 and $0.1 million and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments
and limited liability investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
The Company's intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Amortization of intangible
assets was $1.2 million in 2017 compared to $1.2 million in 2016.
Contingent Consideration Benefit
Contingent consideration benefit was $0.2 million in 2017 compared to $0.7 million in 2016. The asset purchase agreements
executed by the Company in 2012 and 2013 related to the acquisitions of IWS and Trinity, respectively, provided for additional
payments to the former owners of IWS and Trinity contingent upon the achievement of certain targets over future reporting periods.
Contingent consideration liabilities resulting from the acquisitions of IWS and Trinity were estimated at their respective acquisition
dates using valuation models designed to estimate the probability of such contingent payments based on various assumptions. The
valuation models assume certain achievement of targets, discount rates related to riskiness of the projections used and the time
value of money to calculate the net present value of future consideration payments.
The benefit recorded for the year ended December 31, 2017 is attributable to the Company having executed an agreement with
the former owner of Trinity. The parties to the Trinity agreement agreed to a fixed payment in exchange for extinguishing the
rights to future contingent payments. The benefit recorded for the year ended December 31, 2016 is attributable to the Company
having executed an agreement with the former owners of IWS. The parties to the IWS agreement agreed to a fixed payment and
other consideration in exchange for extinguishing the rights to future contingent payments. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the
Company has total contingent liabilities of $0.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively, which is included in accrued expenses and
other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated
Financial Statements, for further details.
Impairment of Intangible Assets
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million related to its insurance
licenses indefinite lived intangible asset. The impairment recorded was the result of Mendota and Mendakota surrendering their
insurance licenses in the state of New Mexico during the first quarter of 2017. No impairment charges were taken on intangible
assets during the year ended December 31, 2016.
39
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Interest Expense not Allocated to Segments
Interest expense not allocated to segments for 2017 was $5.0 million compared to $4.5 million in 2016. The increase in 2017 is
attributable to generally higher London interbank offered interest rates for three-month U.S. dollar deposits ("LIBOR") during the
year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the year ended December 31, 2016. The Company's subordinated debt bears interest
at the rate of LIBOR, plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%.
Other Income and Expenses not Allocated to Segments, Net
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments was a net expense of $9.4 million in 2017 compared to $7.6 million in 2016.
The increase in net expense is primarily the result of more general and administrative expense for compensation, employee benefits
and professional fees in 2017 as compared to 2016, partially offset by a $0.7 million gain recorded during the third quarter of 2017
related to the termination of a financing lease, as further discussed in Note 15, "Finance Lease Obligation Liability," to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Foreign Exchange Losses, Net
During 2017, the Company incurred foreign exchange losses, net of $0.0 million compared to $0.0 million in 2016.
Loss on Change in Fair Value of Debt
The loss on change in fair value of debt amounted to $8.5 million in 2017 compared to $3.7 million in 2016. The loss for 2017
and 2016 is due to an increase in the fair value of the subordinated debt. See "Debt" section below for further information.
Gain on Deconsolidation of Subsidiary
Prior to the third quarter of 2016, the Company owned 61.0% of the outstanding units of 1347 Investors. Because the Company
owned more than 50% of the outstanding units, the Company had been consolidating the financial statements of 1347 Investors.
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company's ownership percentage in 1347 Investors was reduced to 26.7%. As a result of
this change in ownership, the Company recorded a non-cash gain on deconsolidation of 1347 Investors of $5.6 million during the
third quarter of 2016. This gain results from removing the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest in 1347 Investors and the
carrying value of the consolidated net assets of 1347 Investors, which the Company reported prior to the closing of the transaction,
and recording the fair value of the Company's 26.7% retained noncontrolling investment in 1347 Investors as of the transaction
date. Refer to the "Investments" section below and Note 5, "Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," to the
Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Investees
Equity in net income of investees was $2.1 million in 2017 compared to equity in net loss of investees of $1.0 million in 2016.
Equity in net income (loss) of investees represents the Company's investments in Itasca Capital Ltd. and 1347 Capital Corp. See
Note 7, "Investment in Investee," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
Income Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit for 2017 was $17.8 million compared to $9.7 million in 2016. The 2017 income tax benefit is primarily related
to a release of deferred income tax liabilities and an adjustment to the deferred income tax valuation allowance resulting from the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes to the
U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, a permanent reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21%.
The Company is subject to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 740-10, Income Taxes, which requires that the
effect on deferred tax income assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates be recognized in the period the tax rate change was
enacted. In December of 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 ("SAB 118"), which provides that companies
that have not completed their accounting for the effects of the Tax Act but can determine a reasonable estimate of those effects
should include a provisional amount based on their reasonable estimate in their financial statements.
Pursuant to SAB 118, the Company recorded provisional amounts for the estimated income tax effects of the Tax Act on deferred
income taxes. The Company recorded a $19.0 million decrease to income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations
for the year ended December 31, 2017, $18.9 million of which related to a decrease in the Company’s net deferred income tax
liability as of December 31, 2017 because of the reduction in the corporate income tax rate.
40
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Although the $19.0 million tax benefit represents what the Company believes is a reasonable estimate of the impact of the income
tax effects of the Tax Act on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017, it should be considered
provisional. Any adjustments to the Company's provisional amounts will be reported as a component of the consolidated statements
of operations during the reporting period in which any such adjustments are determined, all of which will be reported no later than
the fourth quarter of 2018.
The 2016 income tax benefit is related to the partial release of the Company’s valuation allowance carried against its deferred
income tax assets as a result of its acquisition of CMC.
See Note 17, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional detail of the income tax benefit recorded
for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015:
A reconciliation of total segment operating loss to net income for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is presented in
Table 2 below:
Table 2 Segment Operating (Loss) Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Segment operating (loss) income
Insurance Underwriting
Extended Warranty
Leased Real Estate
Total segment operating loss
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Amortization of intangible assets
Contingent consideration benefit
Interest expense not allocated to segments
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net
Foreign exchange losses, net
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of debt
Gain (loss) on deconsolidation of subsidiaries
Equity in net loss of investees
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
Loss from continuing operations
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes
Net income
2016
2015
Change
(8,202)
506
627
(7,069)
8,244
360
(157)
(1,242)
657
(4,496)
(7,640)
(15)
(3,721)
5,643
(1,017)
(10,453)
(9,720)
(733)
—
1,255
522
(1,147)
(628)
—
(1,775)
2,955
1,197
(10)
(1,244)
1,139
(5,278)
(3,790)
(1,215)
1,458
(4,420)
(339)
(11,322)
93
(11,415)
1,417
11,267
1,269
(7,055)
1,134
627
(5,294)
5,289
(837)
(147)
2
(482)
782
(3,850)
1,200
(5,179)
10,063
(678)
869
(9,813)
10,682
(1,417)
(10,012)
(747)
Loss from Continuing Operations, Net Income and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share
For the year ended December 31, 2016, we incurred a loss from continuing operations of $0.7 million ($0.05 per diluted share)
compared to $11.4 million ($0.61 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2015. The loss from continuing operations
for the year ended December 31, 2016 is primarily attributable to operating loss in Insurance Underwriting, interest expense not
allocated to segments, other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net and loss on change in fair value of debt, partially
offset by net investment income, gain on deconsolidation of subsidiary and income tax benefit. The loss from continuing operations
for the year ended December 31, 2015 is primarily attributable to operating losses in Insurance Underwriting and Extended Warranty,
41
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
interest expense not allocated to segments, other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net and loss on deconsolidation
of subsidiary, partially offset by net investment income and gain on change in fair value of debt.
For the year ended December 31, 2016, we reported net income of $0.5 million ($0.01 per diluted share) compared to $1.3 million
($0.04 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Insurance Underwriting
For the year ended December 31, 2016, Insurance Underwriting gross premiums written were $132.7 million compared to $116.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2015, representing a 14.0% increase. Net premiums written increased 14.0% to $132.5
million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared with $116.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. Net premiums
earned increased 8.7% to $127.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared with $117.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2015. The increase in gross premiums written, net premiums written and net premiums earned reflect a change in
the mix of business by state resulting from Insurance Underwriting’s strategic shift to emphasize certain states and de-emphasize
others while also reflecting the competitive market dynamics of each state. Of particular note, the Company had recorded increased
premiums written in Florida, Texas and Nevada while reducing premiums written in Virginia, a state in which Insurance
Underwriting ceased writing new business beginning in the third quarter of 2015.
The Insurance Underwriting operating loss increased to $8.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $1.1
million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase in operating loss is primarily attributed to an increase in loss and loss
adjustment expenses, partially offset by an increase in net premiums earned in 2016 as compared to 2015. During the fourth
quarter of 2016, the Company recorded unfavorable development of approximately $9.1 million related to accident years 2015
and prior in the Company’s continuing operations, while approximately $1.5 million of favorable development was recorded during
the fourth quarter related to the continuing run-offs at Amigo and MCC. In response to industry trends of increasing frequency
and severity, Mendota and MCC have been aggressively increasing premium rates throughout the second half of 2016 and into
2017. During this same period, the Company hired several new members to the Insurance Underwriting management team,
including a new President and two new Vice Presidents to supervise the Claim Department. The new management team launched
a number of initiatives related to increasing policy fee income, reducing bad debt expense, outsourcing the first notice of loss
function, outsourcing much of the salvage and subrogation function and entering into an agreement with an outside vendor to
migrate to a new policy administration and claim-handling operating platform sometime in 2017.
The Insurance Underwriting loss and loss adjustment expense ratio for 2016 was 81.8% compared to 74.1% in 2015. The increase
in the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio is primarily attributable to the increased loss and loss adjustment expenses recorded
in the fourth quarter of 2016 related to accident years 2015 and prior as described above.
The Insurance Underwriting expense ratio was 25.0% in 2016 compared with 27.4% in 2015. The decrease in the expense ratio
is primarily due to the increase in net premiums earned and policy fee income for 2016 as compared to 2015. The Insurance
Underwriting expense ratio includes policy fee income of $9.8 million and $8.3 million, respectively, for the years ended
December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
The Insurance Underwriting combined ratio was 106.8% in 2016 compared with 101.5% in 2015, reflecting the dynamics which
affected the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio and expense ratio.
Extended Warranty
The Extended Warranty service fee and commission income increased 5.2% to $24.2 million for the year ended December 31,
2016 compared with $23.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. This increase was due to increased service fee and
commission income at both IWS and Trinity. The Extended Warranty operating income was $0.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 2016 compared with operating loss of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase in operating
income is primarily related to lower staff-related expenses at Trinity along with increased service fee and commission income at
both IWS and Trinity for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015.
42
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Leased Real Estate
Leased Real Estate rental income was $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to zero for the year ended
December 31, 2015. The rental income is derived from CMC's long-term triple net lease. The Company acquired 81% of CMC
on July 14, 2016. The Leased Real Estate operating income was $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to
zero for the year ended December 31, 2015. Leased Real Estate operating income includes interest expense of $2.9 million and
zero for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. See "Investments" section below for further discussion.
Net Investment Income
Net investment income increased to $8.2 million in 2016 compared to $3.0 million in 2015. The increase in 2016 is is primarily
due to income from the Company's investment in 1347 Investors. During 2016, the Company recorded net investment income
related to this investment of $4.7 million.
Net Realized Gains
The Company incurred net realized gains of $0.4 million in 2016 compared to $1.2 million in 2015. The net realized gains in
2016 resulted primarily from the liquidation of equity investments in Insurance Underwriting. The net realized gains in 2015
resulted primarily from the liquidation of limited liability investments in Insurance Underwriting.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Loss
As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the
Company recorded write downs of $0.1 million and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments
and limited liability investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016 and and $0.0 million for other-than-temporary
impairment related to fixed maturities for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
The Company's intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Amortization of intangible
assets was $1.2 million in 2016 compared to $1.2 million in 2015.
Contingent Consideration Benefit
Contingent consideration benefit was $0.7 million in 2016 compared to $1.1 million in 2015. The benefit recorded for the year
ended December 31, 2016 is attributable to the Company having executed an agreement with the former owners of IWS. The
asset purchase agreement executed by the Company in 2012 related to the acquisition of IWS provided that additional payments
were due to the former owners of IWS contingent upon the achievement of certain targets over future reporting periods. The
parties to the agreement agreed to a fixed payment and other consideration in exchange for extinguishing the rights to future
contingent payments. The benefit recorded for the year ended December 31, 2015 is the result of the Company's evaluation of its
contingent consideration liabilities. See Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements,
for further details.
Interest Expense not Allocated to Segments
Interest expense not allocated to segments for 2016 was $4.5 million compared to $5.3 million in 2015. The decrease is attributable
to the repayment during June 2015 of the outstanding principal balance on the LROC preferred units due June 30, 2015.
Other Income and Expenses not Allocated to Segments, Net
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments was a net expense of $7.6 million in 2016 compared to $3.8 million in 2015.
The increase in net expense is primarily the result of a $6.0 million gain recorded during the first quarter of 2015 related to the
termination of the Company's management services agreement with PIH, as further discussed in Note 26, "Related Party
Transactions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, partially offset by less general expense for salaries in 2016 as compared
to 2015.
Foreign Exchange Losses, Net
During 2016, the Company incurred foreign exchange losses, net of $0.0 million compared to $1.2 million in 2015. Foreign
exchange losses, net for the year ended December 31, 2015 were incurred primarily related to conversion of the net Canadian
dollar assets of Kingsway Linked Return of Capital Trust ("KLROC Trust"). The Company deconsolidated KLROC Trust in June
43
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
2015. See Note 5, "Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for
further details.
(Loss) Gain on Change in Fair Value of Debt
The loss on change in fair value of debt amounted to $3.7 million in 2016 compared to a gain of $1.5 million in 2015. The 2016
loss is due to an increase in the fair value of the subordinated debt, whereas the 2015 gain is due to a decrease in the fair values
of the subordinated debt and LROC preferred units. See "Debt" section below for further information.
Gain (Loss) on Deconsolidation of Subsidiaries
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded a non-cash gain on deconsolidation of 1347 Investors of $5.6 million.
Refer to the "Investments" section below and Note 5, "Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," to the
Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
Prior to the second quarter of 2015, the Company beneficially owned and controlled 74.8% of KLROC Trust. As a result, the
Company had been consolidating the financial statements of KLROC Trust. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company’s
controlling interest in KLROC Trust was reduced to zero upon the Company's repayment of its C$15.8 million outstanding on its
LROC preferred units due June 30, 2015. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash loss on deconsolidation of subsidiary of
$4.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. This reported loss results from removing the net assets and accumulated
other comprehensive loss of KLROC Trust from the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 5, "Deconsolidations,
Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
Equity in Net Loss of Investees
Equity in net loss of investees of $1.0 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively,
represents the loss related to the Company's investments in Itasca Capital Ltd. and 1347 Capital Corp. See Note 7, "Investment
in Investee," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion.
Income Tax (Benefit) Expense
Income tax benefit for 2016 was $9.7 million compared to income tax expense of $0.1 million in 2015. The 2016 income tax
benefit is related to the partial release of the Company’s valuation allowance carried against its deferred income tax assets as a
result of its acquisition of CMC. See Note 17, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional detail of
the income tax (benefit) expense recorded for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
44
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
INVESTMENTS
Portfolio Composition
All of our investments in fixed maturities and equity investments are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value.
At December 31, 2017, we held cash and cash equivalents and investments with a carrying value of $145.9 million. Investments
held by our insurance subsidiaries must comply with applicable domiciliary state regulations that prescribe the type, quality and
concentration of investments. Our U.S. operations typically invest in U.S. dollar-denominated instruments to mitigate their exposure
to currency rate fluctuations.
Table 3 below summarizes the carrying value of investments, including cash and cash equivalents, at the dates indicated.
TABLE 3 Carrying value of investments, including cash and cash equivalents
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)
Type of investment
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies
and authorities
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and
collateralized mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Limited liability investments
Limited liability investment, at fair
value
Other investments
Short-term investments
Total investments
Cash and cash equivalents
Total
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
2017
% of Total
2016
% of Total
25,244
17.3%
28,148
17.1%
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
7,419
1,575
8,994
25,173
10,314
3,721
151
101,567
44,286
145,853
2.6%
5.3%
1.5%
9.8%
36.5%
5.0%
1.1%
6.1%
17.3%
7.0%
2.6%
0.1%
69.6%
30.4%
100.0%
3,088
8,506
3,467
18,555
61,764
21,426
1,804
23,230
22,974
10,700
9,368
401
128,437
36,475
164,912
1.9%
5.2%
2.1%
11.3%
37.6%
13.0%
1.1%
14.1%
13.9%
6.5%
5.7%
0.2%
78.0%
22.0%
100.0%
The Company performs a quarterly analysis of its investment portfolio to determine if declines in market value are other-than-
temporary. Further information regarding our detailed analysis and factors considered in establishing an other-than-temporary
impairment on an investment is discussed within the "Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions" section of MD&A.
As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the
Company recorded write downs of $0.3 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments for the year
ended December 31, 2017, $0.1 million and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments and
limited liability investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $0.0 million for other-than-temporary
impairment related to fixed maturities for the year ended December 31, 2015.
The length of time a fixed maturity investment may be held in an unrealized loss position may vary based on the opinion of the
investment manager and their respective analyses related to valuation and to the various credit risks that may prevent us from
recapturing the principal investment. In the case of a fixed maturity investment where the investment manager determines that
45
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
there is little or no risk of default prior to the maturity of a holding, we would elect to hold the investment in an unrealized loss
position until the price recovers or the investment matures. In situations where facts emerge that might increase the risk associated
with recapture of principal, the Company may elect to sell a fixed maturity investment at a loss.
Due to the inherent volatility of equity markets, we believe an equity investment may trade from time to time below its intrinsic
value based on historical valuation measures. In these situations, an equity investment may be maintained in an unrealized loss
position for different periods of time based on the underlying economic assumptions driving the investment manager’s valuation
of the holding.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the gross unrealized losses for fixed maturities and equity investments amounted to $1.4 million
and $1.0 million, respectively, and there were no unrealized losses attributable to non-investment grade fixed maturities. At each
of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, all unrealized losses on individual investments were considered temporary.
Limited Liability Investments
The Company owns investments in various limited liability companies ("LLCs") and limited partnerships ("LPs") that primarily
invest in income-producing real estate or real estate related investments. The Company's investments in these LLCs and LPs are
accounted for under the equity method of accounting and reported as limited liability investments in the consolidated balance
sheets. The most recently available financial statements of the LLCs and LPs are used in applying the equity method. The difference
between the end of the reporting period of the LLCs and LPs and that of the Company is no more than three months. Most of the
real estate investments are held on a triple net lease basis whereby the lessee agrees to pay all real estate taxes, building insurance
and maintenance. Table 4 below presents additional information pertaining to the limited liability investments at December 31,
2017 and 2016.
TABLE 4 Limited liability investments
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Triple net lease limited liability investments
Other real estate related limited liability investments
Non-real estate limited liability investments
Total
Triple Net Lease Investments
2017
13,010
4,167
7,996
25,173
Carrying Value
2016
12,190
3,904
6,880
22,974
Table 5 below presents total income from triple net lease investments included in the Company’s loss from continuing operations
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
TABLE 5 Income from triple net lease investments included in loss from continuing operations
For the years ended December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Income from triple net lease limited liability investments
Income from CMC operations
Non-recurring income tax benefit related to CMC
Total income included in loss from continuing operations
as a result of triple net lease investments and CMC
acquisition
2017
1,852
2,517
17,302
2016
1,381
519
9,915
21,671
11,815
2015
1,701
—
—
1,701
The Company has been increasing its exposure to triple net lease investments. These can take the form of limited liability investments
as well as the Company’s investment in CMC. See Note 4, "Acquisitions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further
discussion regarding CMC.
46
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Income from triple net lease limited liability investments in the table above is recognized based on the Company's share of the
earnings of the limited liability entities and is included in net investment income in the Company’s consolidated statements of
operations.
Income from CMC operations in the table above for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, is comprised of Leased Real
Estate segment operating income of $3.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively, amortization of intangible assets of $0.1 million
and $0.0 million, respectively and income tax expense of $0.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Non-recurring income tax benefit related to CMC in the table above for the year ended December 31, 2017 relates to the decrease
in CMC's net deferred income tax liabilities as a result of the reduction in the corporate income tax rate due to the Tax Act. See
Note 17, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion regarding the Tax Act. Non-recurring
income tax benefit related to CMC in the table above for the year ended December 31, 2016 is related to the partial release of the
Company's valuation allowance carried against its deferred income tax assets as a result of the acquisition of CMC.
With respect to CMC, the Company expects to record income each year based upon the rental income recognized under its existing
triple net lease agreement on the Real Property less operating expenses, which are comprised principally of interest on the Mortgage
and depreciation and amortization of certain of the assets acquired. Over the next three years, the Company generally expects to
recognize in its consolidated statements of operations income of approximately $2.8 to $3.1 million per year related to its ownership
of CMC. Because of the Lease Amendment, CMC may be in a position to distribute to the Company some of the cash received
from the additional rental income. Any material cash flow to the Company, however, remains likely to occur only upon the
occurrence of one of the three events that would trigger payment of service fees. There can be no assurance as to the timing of
the occurrence, or the resulting outcome, from one of these events. Refer to the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section below
for further discussion.
Limited Liability Investment, at Fair Value
The Company's investment in 1347 Investors is accounted for at fair value and reported as limited liability investment, at fair value
in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying value of the Company's limited
liability investment, at fair value was $10.3 million and 10.7 million, respectively.
Originally, the Company owned 61.0% of the outstanding units of 1347 Investors. Because the Company owned more than 50%
of the outstanding units, 1347 Investors had been included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. 1347 Investors
had an investment in the common stock and private units of 1347 Capital Corp. which was reflected in investment in investee in
the consolidated balance sheets. 1347 Capital Corp. was formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset
acquisition or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities.
On July 21, 2016, Limbach Holdings LLC announced the closing of its previously announced merger with 1347 Capital Corp.
and was renamed Limbach Holdings, Inc. ("Limbach"). As a result of this transaction, the Company's ownership percentage in
1347 Investors was reduced from 61.0% to 26.7%, leading the Company to record a $5.6 million gain during the third quarter of
2016 related to the deconsolidation of 1347 Investors. This gain resulted from removing the carrying value of the noncontrolling
interest in 1347 Investors and the carrying value of the consolidated net assets of 1347 Investors, and recording the fair value at
the time of the transaction of the Company's 26.7% retained investment in 1347 Investors. At the time of the transaction, the
noncontrolling interest representing 39.0% of 1347 Investors had been carried by the Company at $1.5 million.
As a result of recording a gain of $5.6 million in the consolidated statements of operations and a reduction to shareholders’ equity
of $1.5 million from the removal of the noncontrolling interest in 1347 Investors, the Company reported a net increase in its
shareholders' equity of $4.1 million during the third quarter of 2016 related to the closing of the Limbach merger and the related
deconsolidation of 1347 Investors. Following the transaction, the principal asset of 1347 Investors is its holdings of Limbach
common shares.
During the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company made an irrevocable election to account for its remaining 26.7% investment in
1347 Investors at fair value, with any changes in fair value to be reported in net investment income in the consolidated statements
of operations. The fair value of this investment is calculated based on a model that distributes the net equity of 1347 Investors to
all classes of membership interests. The model uses quoted market prices and significant market observable inputs. The Company
recorded net investment loss of $0.4 million and net investment income of $4.7 million related to this investment for the years
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
47
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
PROPERTY AND CASUALTY UNPAID LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
Property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated liabilities for reported loss events, IBNR
loss events and the related estimated loss adjustment expenses.
Tables 6 and 7 present distributions, by line of business, of the provision for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses gross and net of external reinsurance, respectively.
TABLE 6 Provision for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses - gross
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Line of Business
Non-standard automobile
Commercial automobile
Other
Total
2017
62,219
580
853
63,652
2016
52,115
918
762
53,795
TABLE 7 Provision for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses - net of reinsurance recoverable
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
Line of Business
Non-standard automobile
Commercial automobile
Other
Total
Non-Standard Automobile
2017
62,053
572
853
63,478
2016
51,497
855
762
53,114
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the gross provisions for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for our
non-standard automobile business were $62.2 million and $52.1 million, respectively. The increase is primarily due to an increase
in unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota.
Commercial Automobile
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the gross provisions for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses for our
commercial automobile business were $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively. This decrease is primarily due to the continuing
voluntary run-off of Amigo.
Information with respect to development of our provision for prior years' property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses
is presented in Table 8.
TABLE 8 Increase (decrease) in prior years' provision for property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses by
line of business and accident year
For the year ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands of dollars)
Accident Year
2012 & prior
2013
2014
2015
2016
Total
Non-standard
Automobile
Commercial
Automobile
227
149
862
3,383
15,579
20,200
285
40
—
(13)
—
312
48
Other
182
—
—
—
—
182
Total
694
189
862
3,370
15,579
20,694
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
For the year ended December 31, 2016 (in thousands of dollars)
Accident Year
2011 & prior
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total
Non-standard
Automobile
Commercial
Automobile
(193)
338
205
1,524
5,902
7,776
201
325
(224)
—
—
302
For the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands of dollars)
Accident Year
2010 & prior
2011
2012
2013
2014
Total
Non-standard
Automobile
(457)
(451)
1,018
(935)
2,300
1,475
Commercial
Automobile
(406)
(7)
(432)
(134)
—
(979)
Other
17
—
—
—
—
17
Other
120
—
—
—
—
120
Total
25
663
(19)
1,524
5,902
8,095
Total
(743)
(458)
586
(1,069)
2,300
616
The net movements in prior years' provisions for property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance, was
an increase of $20.7 million, $8.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
Table 8 identifies the relative contribution of the increases (decreases) in the provisions for property and casualty loss and loss
adjustment expenses attributable to the respective lines of business and accident years.
The unfavorable development in 2017 was primarily related to the increase in property and casualty loss and loss adjustment
expenses at Mendota. The Company experienced an accelerated recognition and payment of claim exposures during 2017 related
to accident years 2016 and prior as a result of two primary factors. First, the non-standard automobile industry experienced an
increase in claim severities related to material damage and third-party injury claims. Second, the Company experienced significant
disruptions within its claim staff during 2016, resulting in a build-up of its claim inventory. Mendota installed a new claim
management team during the fourth quarter of 2016. This new claim management team overhauled the claim department staff
and claim processes throughout 2017 and began the task of reducing the pending inventory of open claims; however, the age of
the outstanding claims combined with the deteriorating industry trends led to a significant increase in claim payments beyond
what had been previously reserved for accident years 2016 and prior. The unfavorable development in 2016 was primarily related
to the increase in property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota and MCC, offset by a decrease in property
and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses due to the continuing voluntary run-off of Amigo. Refer to the "Results of Continuing
Operations, Insurance Underwriting" section above for further discussion. The unfavorable development in 2015 was primarily
related to the increase in property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota, offset by a decrease in property and
casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses due to the continuing voluntary run-offs of Amigo and MCC. Original estimates are
increased or decreased as additional information becomes known regarding individual claims.
DEBT
Note Payable
As part of the acquisition of CMC, the Company assumed the Mortgage and recorded the Mortgage at its estimated fair value of
$191.7 million, which included the unpaid principal amount of $180.0 million as of the date of acquisition plus a premium of $11.7
million. The Mortgage matures on May 15, 2034 and has a fixed interest rate of 4.07%. The Mortgage is carried in the consolidated
balance sheets at its amortized cost, which reflects the monthly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the premium
using the effective interest rate method.
49
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Bank Loan
On October 12, 2017, the Company borrowed a principal amount of $5.0 million from a bank to partially finance its acquisition
of PWSC. The bank loan matures on October 12, 2022 and has a fixed interest rate of 5.0%. The bank loan is carried in the
consolidated balance sheets at its unpaid principal balance.
Subordinated Debt
Between December 4, 2002 and December 16, 2003, six subsidiary trusts of the Company issued $90.5 million of 30-year capital
securities to third-parties in separate private transactions. In each instance, a corresponding floating rate junior subordinated
deferrable interest debenture was then issued by Kingsway America Inc. to the trust in exchange for the proceeds from the private
sale. The floating rate debentures bear interest at the rate of LIBOR, plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%. The Company
has the right to call each of these securities at par value any time after five years from their issuance until their maturity. During
the first quarter of 2011, the Company gave notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to
defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters, pursuant to the contractual terms of its outstanding indentures, which permit interest
deferral. This action does not constitute a default under the Company's Trust Preferred indentures or any of its other debt indentures.
On November 6, 2015, the Company paid $22.1 million to its Trust Preferred trustees to be used by the trustees to pay the interest
which the Company had been deferring since the first quarter of 2011.
The Company's subordinated debt is measured and reported at fair value. At December 31, 2017, the carrying value of the
subordinated debt is $52.1 million. The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated using a model based on significant market
observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party. For a description of the market observable inputs and inputs developed
by a third party used in determining fair value of debt, see Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the market observable swap rates changed, and the Company experienced a decrease
in the credit spread assumption developed by the third party. Changes in the market observable swap rates affect the fair value
model in different ways. An increase in the LIBOR swap rates has the effect of increasing the fair value of the Company's
subordinated debt while an increase in the risk-free swap rates has the effect of decreasing the fair value. The decrease in the
credit spread assumption has the effect of increasing the fair value of the Company's subordinated debt while an increase in the
credit spread assumption has the effect of decreasing the fair value. The other primary variable affecting the fair value of debt
calculation is the passage of time, which will always have the effect of increasing the fair value of debt. The changes to the credit
spread and swap rate variables during 2017, along with the passage of time, contributed to the $8.5 million increase in fair value
of the Company’s subordinated debt between December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2017. This increase in fair value is reported
as loss on change in fair value of debt in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Though the changes in the model assumptions will continue to introduce volatility each quarter to the Company’s reported gain
or loss on change in fair value of debt, the fair value of the Company’s subordinated debt will eventually equal the principal value
of the subordinated debt by the time of the stated redemption date of each trust, beginning with the trust maturing on December
4, 2032 and continuing through January 8, 2034, the redemption date of the last of the Company’s outstanding trusts. As a result,
it should be expected that, on average, the Company will continue to report quarterly and annual losses on change in fair value of
debt and that from time to time these quarterly and annual losses may be material to the Company’s results of operations.
For a description of each of the Company's six subsidiary trusts, see Note 14, "Debt," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The purpose of liquidity management is to ensure there is sufficient cash to meet all financial commitments and obligations as
they fall due. The liquidity requirements of the Company and its subsidiaries have been met primarily by funds generated from
operations, capital raising, disposal of discontinued operations, investment maturities and income and other returns received on
investments or from the sale of investments. Cash provided from these sources is used primarily for making investments and for
loss and loss adjustment expense payments, debt servicing and other operating expenses. The timing and amount of payments for
loss and loss adjustment expenses may differ materially from our provisions for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, which
may create increased liquidity requirements.
50
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
Cash Flows
During 2017, the net cash used in operating activities as reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows was $19.0 million.
The reconciliation between the Company's reported net loss of $11.1 million and the net cash used in operating activities of $19.0
million can be explained primarily by the deferred income tax benefit of 18.4 million, the increase in other receivables of $3.8
million, the increase in other net assets of $3.8 million, net realized gains of $3.8 million and the decrease in unearned premiums
of $3.5 million, partially offset by the increase in liability for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses of $9.7 million, the loss
on change in fair value of debt of $8.5 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $5.6 million and the decrease in premiums
and service fee receivable of $2.2 million.
During 2017, the net cash provided by investing activities as reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows was $24.6
million. This source of cash was driven primarily by proceeds from sales and maturities of fixed maturities, equity investments,
other investments and short-term investments in excess of purchases of fixed maturities, equity investments and limited liability
investments and net cash used for acquisition of business.
During 2017, the net cash provided by financing activities as reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows was $2.2
million. This source of cash is attributed to proceeds from the bank loan net of principal repayments of $4.9 million, partially
offset by principal repayments of $2.6 million on the Company's note payable.
In summary, as reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company's net increase in cash and cash equivalents
during 2017 was $7.8 million.
The Company's Insurance Underwriting subsidiaries fund their obligations primarily through premium and investment income
and maturities in the investments portfolios. The Company's Extended Warranty subsidiaries fund their obligations primarily
through service fee and commission income. The Company's Leased Real Estate subsidiary funds its obligations through rental
income.
The liquidity of the holding company is managed separately from its subsidiaries. Actions available to the holding company to
raise liquidity in order to meet its obligations include the sale of passive investments; sale of subsidiaries; issuance of debt or
equity securities; certain excess cash flow from the Company’s Extended Warranty subsidiaries and giving notice to its Trust
Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters, which right the
Company previously exercised during the period from the first quarter of 2011 through the fourth quarter of 2015.
Receipt of dividends from the Insurance Underwriting subsidiaries is not generally considered a source of liquidity for the holding
company. The insurance subsidiaries require regulatory approval for the return of capital and, in certain circumstances, prior to
the payment of dividends. At December 31, 2017, the U.S. insurance subsidiaries of the Company were restricted from making
any dividend payments to the holding company without regulatory approval pursuant to the domiciliary state insurance regulations.
Receipt of dividends from the Extended Warranty subsidiaries is limited for the holding company at this time even though excess
cash generated by Trinity’s operating results is freely available for distribution to the holding company. IWS is somewhat constrained
from paying dividends, given the existence of a 10% minority owner of its common equity, and PWSC is constrained from paying
dividends while the bank loan incurred to partially finance the acquisition of PWSC remains outstanding.
Receipt of dividends from the Leased Real Estate segment is not generally considered a source of liquidity for the holding company.
Because of the Lease Amendment, CMC may be in a position to distribute to the Company some of the cash received from the
additional rental income. Any material cash flow to the Company, however, to help the Company meet its holding company
obligations remains likely to occur only upon the occurrence of one of the three events described in the next paragraph that would
trigger payment of service fees. There can be no assurance as to the timing of the occurrence, or the resulting outcome, from one
of these events.
Pursuant to the terms of the management services agreement entered into at the closing of the acquisition of CMC, an affiliate of
the seller (the "Service Provider") will provide certain services to CMC and its subsidiaries in exchange for service fees. Such
services (collectively, the "Services") will include (i) causing an affiliate of the Service Provider to guaranty certain obligations
of the Property Owner (pursuant to an Indemnity and Guaranty Agreement between such affiliate and the holder of the Mortgage
(the "Mortgagor")), (ii) providing certain individuals to serve as members of the board of directors and/or certain executive officers
of CMC and/or its subsidiaries and (iii) providing asset management services with respect to the Real Property. In exchange for
the Services, the Property Owner will pay certain fees to the Service Provider. The payment of such service fees may be triggered
by (i) a sale of the Real Property, (ii) a restructuring of the lease to which the Real Property is subject or (iii) a refinancing or
restructuring of the Mortgage. The amount of the service fees will range from 40%-80% of the net proceeds generated by the
51
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
event triggering the payment of the service fees (depending on the nature and timing of the triggering event). The Lease Amendment
has not triggered the payment of service fees to the Service Provider.
The holding company’s liquidity, defined as the amount of cash in the bank accounts of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and
Kingsway America Inc., was $0.6 million and $14.9 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. These
amounts are reflected in the cash and cash equivalents of $44.3 million and $36.5 million reported at December 31, 2017 and
December 31, 2016, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The cash and cash equivalents other than the
holding company’s liquidity represent restricted and unrestricted cash held by the Company’s Insurance Underwriting, Extended
Warranty and Leased Real Estate subsidiaries and are not considered to be available to meet holding company obligations, which
primarily consist of interest payments on subordinated debt; holding company operating expenses; transaction-driven expenses
of the Company’s merchant banking activities; investments; and any other extraordinary demands on the holding company.
The holding company’s liquidity of $0.6 million at December 31, 2017 represented approximately one month of interest payments
on subordinated debt and regularly recurring operating expenses before any transaction-driven expenses of the Company’s merchant
banking activities, any new holding company investments or any other extraordinary demands on the holding company. Subsequent
to December 31, 2017, holding company liquidity increased, primarily as a result of the sale of holding company investments. As
of the filing date of the Company’s 2017 Annual Report, the holding company’s liquidity of $6.1 million represented approximately
7 months of interest payments on subordinated debt and regularly recurring operating expenses before any transaction-driven
expenses of the Company’s merchant banking activities, any new holding company investments or any other extraordinary demands
on the holding company.
While the Company believes it has sources of liquidity available to allow it to continue to meet its holding company obligations,
there can be no assurance that such sources of liquidity will be available when needed.
Regulatory Capital
In the United States, a risk-based capital ("RBC") formula is used by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners
("NAIC") to identify property and casualty insurance companies that may not be adequately capitalized. In general, insurers
reporting surplus as regards policyholders below 200% of the authorized control level, as defined by the NAIC, at December 31
are subject to varying levels of regulatory action, including discontinuation of operations. As of December 31, 2017, surplus as
regards policyholders reported by each of our insurance subsidiaries, with the exception of Mendota, exceeded the 200% threshold.
As of December 31, 2017, Mendota's RBC was 196%, which is at the company action level, as defined by the NAIC. Mendota
has prepared a comprehensive RBC plan, which it filed with the Minnesota Department of Commerce ("MNDOC") on March 15,
2018. The comprehensive plan is intended to outline Mendota's future plans, including the current and projected RBC level, and
is subject to approval by the MNDOC. Achievement of the comprehensive plan depends on future events and circumstances, the
outcome of which cannot be assured. As part of the Company’s response to improve Mendota’s RBC and to reduce the risk profile
of its business, Mendota entered into a 50% quota share reinsurance agreement with a highly rated reinsurer, effective February
1, 2018, for all premiums written with the exception of premium written in California. The reinsurance arrangement will reduce
Mendota’s net premiums written during 2018, which will reduce the risk-based capital charge assigned to the business and should,
as a result, improve Mendota’s RBC. MCC also entered into a 50% quota share reinsurance agreement with the same reinsurer,
effective February 1, 2018.
During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company began taking steps to place all of Amigo into voluntary run-off. As of December
31, 2012, Amigo’s RBC was 157%. In April 2013, Kingsway filed a comprehensive run-off plan with the Florida Office of
Insurance Regulation, which outlines plans for Amigo's run-off. Amigo remains in compliance with that plan. As of December 31,
2017, Amigo's RBC was 5,206%.
Kingsway previously placed MCC into voluntary run-off in early 2011. At the time it was placed into voluntary run-off, MCC's
RBC was 160%. MCC entered into a comprehensive run-off plan approved by the Illinois Department of Insurance in June 2011.
MCC remains in compliance with that plan. As of December 31, 2017, MCC's RBC was 1,008%.
Our reinsurance subsidiary, which is domiciled in Barbados, is required by the regulator in Barbados to maintain minimum capital
levels. As of December 31, 2017, the capital maintained by Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation was in excess of the regulatory
capital requirements in Barbados.
The Illinois Department of Insurance completed in 2016 a financial examination of MCC for the five-year period ending December
31, 2015. No financial statement adjustments were required. The Florida Office of Insurance Regulation ("FOIR") completed in
52
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis
2016 a financial examination of Amigo for the three-year period ending December 31, 2014 and completed in the first quarter of
2018 a financial examination of Amigo for the two-year period ending December 31, 2016. No financial statement adjustments
were required as a result of either examination. In 2017, the MNDOC began a financial examination of Mendota and Mendakota
for the five-year period ending December 31, 2016. This examination is expected to be completed by June 30, 2018. Despite the
results of the recently completed financial examinations of MCC and Amigo, there can be no assurance that the domiciliary
regulators in general, or the MNDOC in particular with respect to the continuing financial examination of Mendota and Mendakota,
will not propose financial adjustments or take other actions that would be material to the Company’s business, results of operations
or financial condition.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Table 9 summarizes cash disbursements related to the Company's contractual obligations projected by period, including debt
maturities, interest payments on outstanding debt, the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses and future minimum
payments under operating leases. Interest payments in Table 9 related to the subordinated debt assume LIBOR remains constant
throughout the projection period.
Our provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses does not have contractual payment dates. In Table 9 below, we have
included a projection of when we expect our unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses to be paid, based on historical payment
patterns. The exact timing of the payment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses cannot be predicted with certainty. We
maintain an investments portfolio with varying maturities and a substantial amount in short-term investments to provide adequate
cash flows for the projected payments in Table 9. The unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses in Table 9 have not been reduced
by amounts recoverable from reinsurers.
TABLE 9 Cash payments related to contractual obligations projected by period
As of December 31, 2017 (in thousands of dollars)
Note payable
Bank loan
Subordinated debt
Interest payments on outstanding debt
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Future minimum lease payments
Total
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
2018
2,981
1,000
—
12,760
44,662
1,496
62,899
2019
3,337
1,000
—
12,581
13,307
1,215
31,440
2020
3,712
1,000
—
2021
4,108
1,000
—
2022 Thereafter
Total
4,526
157,472
176,136
917
—
—
90,500
4,917
90,500
12,388
12,180
11,955
110,956
172,820
5,244
525
2,022
422
690
424
506
234
66,431
4,316
22,869
19,732
18,512
359,668
515,120
The Company has an off-balance sheet arrangement related to a guarantee, which is further described in Note 27, "Commitments
and Contingent Liabilities," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
53
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in interest or currency exchange rates and equity prices.
We have exposure to market risk through our investment activities and our financing activities.
Given our U.S. operations typically invest in U.S. dollar denominated fixed maturity instruments, our primary market risk exposures
in the investments portfolio are to changes in interest rates. Periodic changes in interest rate levels generally affect our financial
results to the extent that the investments are recorded at market value and reinvestment yields are different than the original yields
on maturing instruments. During periods of rising interest rates, the market values of the existing fixed maturities will generally
decrease. The reverse is true during periods of declining interest rates.
We manage our exposure to risks associated with interest rate fluctuations through active review of our investment portfolio by
our management and Board, consultation with third-party financial advisors and by managing the maturity profile of our fixed
maturity portfolio. Our goal is to maximize the total after-tax return on all of our investments. An important strategy we employ
to achieve this goal is to try to hold enough in cash and short-term investments in order to avoid liquidating longer-term investments
to pay loss and loss adjustment expenses.
Table 10 below summarizes the fair value by contractual maturities of the fixed maturities portfolio, excluding cash and cash
equivalents, at December 31, 2017 and 2016.
TABLE 10 Fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturity date
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars, except for percentages)
Due in less than one year
Due in one through five years
Due after five through ten years
Due after ten years
Total
2017
11,154
33,791
3,780
4,489
53,214
% of Total
21.0%
63.5%
7.1%
8.4%
100.0%
2016
6,561
40,750
4,552
9,901
61,764
% of Total
10.6%
66.0%
7.4%
16.0%
100.0%
At December 31, 2017, 84.5% of fixed maturities, including treasury bills, government bonds and corporate bonds, had contractual
maturities of five years or less. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain issuers have the right to
call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The Company holds cash and high-grade short-term assets
that, along with fixed maturities, management believes are sufficient in amount for the payment of unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses and other obligations on a timely basis. In the event additional cash is required to meet obligations to our policyholders
and customers, we believe that the high-quality investments in the portfolios provide us with sufficient liquidity.
Based upon the results of interest rate sensitivity analysis, Table 11 below shows the interest rate risk of our investments in fixed
maturities, measured in terms of fair value (which is equal to the carrying value for all our fixed maturity securities).
TABLE 11 Sensitivity analysis on fixed maturities
As of December 31 (in thousands of dollars)
As of December 31, 2017
Estimated fair value
Estimated increase (decrease) in fair value
As of December 31, 2016
Estimated fair value
Estimated increase (decrease) in fair value
100 Basis Point
Decrease in
Interest Rates
No Change
100 Basis Point
Increase in
Interest Rates
$
$
$
$
54,411
1,197
63,303
1,539
$
$
$
$
53,214
$
— $
52,017
(1,197)
61,764
$
— $
60,225
(1,539)
54
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
We use both fixed and variable rate debt as sources of financing. Because our subordinated debt is LIBOR-based, our primary
market risk related to financing activities is to changes in LIBOR. As of December 31, 2017, each one hundred basis point increase
in LIBOR would result in an approximately $0.9 million increase in our annual interest expense.
Equity Risk
Equity risk is the risk we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in equity prices. Our exposure to changes in equity
prices results from our holdings of common stock. We principally manage equity price risk through industry and issuer
diversification and asset allocation techniques and by continuously evaluating market conditions.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is defined as the risk of financial loss due to failure of the other party to a financial instrument to discharge an obligation.
Credit risk arises from our positions in short-term investments, corporate debt instruments and government bonds.
The Investment Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for the oversight of key investment policies and limits. These
policies and limits are subject to annual review and approval by the Investment Committee. The Investment Committee is also
responsible for ensuring these policies are implemented and procedures are in place to manage and control credit risk.
Table 12 below summarizes the composition of the fair values of fixed maturities, excluding cash and cash equivalents, at
December 31, 2017 and 2016, by rating as assigned by Standard and Poor's ("S&P") or Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's").
Fixed maturities consist of predominantly high-quality instruments in corporate and government bonds with approximately 90.1%
of those investments rated 'A' or better at December 31, 2017. 'Not Rated' in Table 12 below includes $3.0 million of 8% preferred
stock of 1347 Property Insurance Holdings, Inc., redeemable on February 24, 2020. During the first quarter of 2018, the preferred
stock was redeemed at its par value of $3.0 million.
TABLE 12 Credit ratings of fixed maturities
As of December 31 (ratings as a percentage of total fixed maturities)
Rating (S&P/Moody's)
AAA/Aaa
AA/Aa
A/A
Percentage rated A/A2 or better
BBB/Baa
BB/Ba
Not rated
Total
2017
70.6%
7.4
12.1
90.1%
2.6
1.1
6.2
2016
69.5%
6.4
14.3
90.2%
3.8
1.0
5.0
100.0%
100.0%
55
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements of
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016
and 2015
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1-Business
Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 3-Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Note 4-Acquisitions
Note 5-Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and Liquidation
Note 6-Investments
Note 7-Investment in Investee
Note 8-Reinsurance
Note 9-Deferred Acquisition Costs
Note 10-Goodwill
Note 11-Intangible Assets
Note 12-Property and Equipment
Note 13-Unpaid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
Note 14-Debt
Note 15-Finance Lease Obligation Liability
Note 16-Leases
Note 17-Income Taxes
Note 18-Loss from Continuing Operations per Share
Note 19-Stock-Based Compensation
Note 20-Employee Benefit Plan
Note 21-Class A Preferred Stock
Note 22-Shareholders' Equity
Note 23-Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Note 24-Segmented Information
Note 25-Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Note 26-Related Party Transactions
Note 27-Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Note 28-Regulatory Capital Requirements and Ratios
Note 29-Statutory Information and Policies
Note 30-Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
56
57
59
60
61
62
63
65
65
65
71
72
75
77
81
82
83
83
83
85
86
89
90
90
91
95
95
97
97
98
99
100
103
106
106
107
107
109
Tel: 616-774-7000
Fax: 616-776-3680
www.bdo.com
200 Ottawa Avenue NW, Suite 300
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Shareholders
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Itasca, Illinois
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Kingsway Financial Services
Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated
statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and
financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the
“consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31,
2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (“COSO”) and our report dated March 16, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion
thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements
based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required
to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require
that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or
fraud.
BDO USA, LLP, a Delaware limited liability partnership, is the U.S. member of BDO International Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, and forms part of the
international BDO network of independent member firms.
BDO is the brand name for the BDO network and for each of the BDO Member Firms.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding
the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well
as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2010.
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 16, 2018
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturities, at fair value (amortized cost of $53,746 and $62,136, respectively)
$
53,214
$
Equity investments, at fair value (cost of $9,146 and $19,099, respectively)
Limited liability investments
Limited liability investment, at fair value
Other investments, at cost which approximates fair value
Short-term investments, at cost which approximates fair value
Total investments
Cash and cash equivalents
Investment in investee
Accrued investment income
Premiums receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $115 and $115, respectively
Service fee receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $318 and $274, respectively
Other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of zero and $806, respectively
Deferred acquisition costs, net
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $13,600 and $10,603, respectively
Goodwill
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $8,333 and $7,181, respectively
Other assets
Total Assets
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Property and casualty
Vehicle service agreements
Total unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Unearned premiums
Note payable
Bank loan
Subordinated debt, at fair value
Net deferred income tax liabilities
Deferred service fees
Income taxes payable
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Total Liabilities
Class A preferred stock, no par value; unlimited number authorized; 222,876 and 262,876 issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively; redemption amount of $5,572
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, no par value; unlimited number authorized; 21,708,190 and 21,458,190 issued and
outstanding at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Shareholders' equity attributable to common shareholders
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries
Total Shareholders' Equity
8,994
25,173
10,314
3,721
151
101,567
44,286
5,230
526
27,855
4,286
7,139
13,045
108,230
80,112
87,615
4,709
$
$
484,600
$
63,652
$
2,779
66,431
36,686
186,469
4,917
52,105
30,331
39,741
2,644
15,966
435,290
5,461
—
356,021
(313,487)
(3,852)
38,682
5,167
43,849
Total Liabilities, Class A preferred stock and Shareholders' Equity
$
484,600
$
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
61,764
23,230
22,974
10,700
9,368
401
128,437
36,475
3,116
790
31,564
1,320
3,299
13,609
116,961
71,061
89,017
5,372
501,021
53,795
2,915
56,710
40,176
190,074
—
43,619
48,720
35,822
2,051
20,587
437,759
6,427
—
353,882
(297,668)
(208)
56,006
829
56,835
501,021
59
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned
Service fee and commission income
Rental income
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Other income
Total revenues
Operating expenses:
Loss and loss adjustment expenses
Commissions and premium taxes
Cost of services sold
General and administrative expenses
Leased real estate segment interest expense
Amortization of intangible assets
Contingent consideration benefit
Impairment of intangible assets
Total operating expenses
Operating loss
Other expenses (revenues), net:
Interest expense not allocated to segments
Foreign exchange losses, net
Loss (gain) on change in fair value of debt
(Gain) loss on deconsolidation of subsidiaries
Equity in net (income) loss of investees
Total other expenses, net
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
Loss from continuing operations
Loss on liquidation of subsidiary, net of taxes
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes
Net (loss) income
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in
consolidated subsidiaries
Less: dividends on preferred stock, net of tax
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders
Loss per share - continuing operations:
Basic:
Diluted:
Earnings per share - discontinued operations:
Basic:
Diluted:
(Loss) earnings per share – net (loss) income attributable to common
shareholders:
Basic:
Diluted:
Weighted average shares outstanding (in ‘000s):
Basic:
Diluted:
2017
130,443
31,909
13,384
2,669
3,771
(316)
11,334
193,194
125,982
25,006
6,535
46,269
6,264
1,152
(212)
250
211,246
(18,052)
4,977
15
8,487
—
(2,115)
11,364
(29,416)
(17,761)
(11,655)
(494)
—
1,017
(11,132)
4,337
350
(15,819)
(0.76)
(0.76)
0.02
0.02
(0.73)
(0.73)
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
127,608
24,232
5,436
8,244
360
(157)
10,907
176,630
109,609
24,562
4,193
41,629
2,899
1,242
(657)
—
183,477
(6,847)
4,496
15
3,721
(5,643)
1,017
3,606
(10,453)
(9,720)
(733)
—
—
1,255
522
(281)
565
238
(0.05)
(0.05)
0.06
0.06
0.01
0.01
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
117,433
22,966
—
2,955
1,197
(10)
15,425
159,966
92,812
22,773
4,044
41,760
—
1,244
(1,139)
—
161,494
(1,528)
5,278
1,215
(1,458)
4,420
339
9,794
(11,322)
93
(11,415)
—
1,417
11,267
1,269
162
394
713
(0.61)
(0.61)
0.64
0.64
0.04
0.04
21,547
21,547
20,003
20,003
19,710
19,710
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
60
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
(in thousands)
Net (loss) income
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes(1):
Unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturities and equity investments:
Unrealized (losses) gains arising during the period
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Recognition of currency translation loss on liquidation of subsidiary
Recognition of currency translation loss on deconsolidation of subsidiary
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive (loss) income
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in
consolidated subsidiaries
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common shareholders
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
(11,132)
$
522
$
1,269
(5,213)
1,076
—
494
—
2,764
(494)
—
—
—
(3,643)
(14,775)
$
2,270
2,792
$
4,338
(289)
(19,113)
$
3,081
$
$
$
(3,505)
1,564
858
—
1,243
160
1,429
(308)
1,737
(1) Net of income tax (benefit) expense of $0, $0 and $0 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
61
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
(in thousands, except share data)
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Shareholders'
Equity
Attributable to
Common
Shareholders
Noncontrolling
Interests in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
Common Stock
Shares
Amount
19,709,706
$
— $
340,844
$
(301,008) $
(2,372) $
37,464
$
4,402
$
41,866
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
802
744
(744)
—
—
2,342
1,107
—
(394)
—
—
—
630
—
—
2,342
1,107
(2,342)
162
—
—
1,269
630
(470)
160
(394)
802
—
—
(394)
802
19,709,706
$
— $
341,646
$
(297,209) $
(2,486) $
41,951
$
1,752
$
43,703
—
—
—
1,775,384
(26,900)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
11,221
—
—
—
1,015
(572)
803
—
—
(125)
—
(565)
—
—
250,000
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(47)
1,000
—
—
—
1,186
—
—
(15,469)
(350)
—
—
—
—
(572)
803
2,278
2,278
11,221
(125)
(933)
(281)
(8)
—
—
(1,505)
522
2,270
11,221
(125)
—
299
299
(565)
1,015
—
—
(565)
1,015
(47)
—
(47)
1,000
(15,469)
(350)
(3,644)
(3,644)
—
1,186
—
4,337
1,000
(11,132)
—
1
—
(350)
(3,643)
1,186
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
21,458,190
$
— $
353,882
$
(297,668) $
(208) $
56,006
$
829
$
56,835
21,708,190
$
— $
356,021
$
(313,487) $
(3,852) $
38,682
$
5,167
$
43,849
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
62
Balance, January
1, 2015
Correction of
prior period error
Deconsolidation
of noncontrolling
interest
Net income
Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
Preferred stock
dividends, net of
tax
Stock-based
compensation
Balance,
December 31,
2015
Deconsolidation
of 1347 Investors
LLC
Net income (loss)
Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
Common stock
issued, net
Repurchases of
common stock for
cancellation
Consolidation of
CMC Industries,
Inc.
Preferred stock
dividends, net of
tax
Stock-based
compensation
Balance,
December 31,
2016
Common stock
issuance expenses
Conversion of
Class A preferred
stock to common
stock
Net (loss) income
Preferred stock
dividends, net of
tax
Other
comprehensive
loss
Stock-based
compensation
Balance,
December 31,
2017
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
2017
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
(11,132)
$
522
$
1,269
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities:
Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes
Equity in net (income) loss of investees
Equity in net income of limited liability investments
Loss (gain) on change in fair value of investments
Depreciation and amortization expense
Contingent consideration benefit
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
Net realized gains
Loss (gain) on change in fair value of debt
Deferred income taxes
Intangible asset impairment
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Amortization of fixed maturities premiums and discounts
Amortization of note payable premium
(Gain) loss on deconsolidation of subsidiaries
Loss on liquidation of subsidiary
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Premiums and service fee receivable, net, adjusted for PWSC assets acquired
Other receivables, net, adjusted for PWSC assets acquired
Deferred acquisition costs, net
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Unearned premiums
Deferred service fees, adjusted for PWSC liabilities acquired
Other, net, adjusted for PWSC assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Net cash used in operating activities
Investing activities:
Proceeds from sales and maturities of fixed maturities
Proceeds from sales of equity investments
Purchases of fixed maturities
Purchases of equity investments
Net acquisitions of limited liability investments
Net proceeds from (purchases of) other investments
Net proceeds from (purchases of) short-term investments
Net proceeds from sale of discontinued operations
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
Net disposals (purchases) of property and equipment and intangible assets, adjusted for
PWSC assets acquired
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
Repurchase of common stock for cancellation
Proceeds from bank loan, net of principal payments
Principal payments on note payable assumed in CMC acquisition
Redemption of LROC preferred units
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
63
(1,017)
(2,115)
(1,797)
678
5,572
(212)
1,186
(3,771)
8,487
(18,389)
250
316
220
(960)
—
494
2,165
(3,789)
564
9,721
(3,490)
1,840
(3,798)
(18,977)
16,784
18,266
(8,576)
(5,040)
(404)
5,646
250
1,017
(7,929)
4,549
24,563
(47)
—
4,917
(2,645)
—
2,225
7,811
36,475
44,286
$
(1,255)
1,017
(1,157)
(5,100)
2,780
(657)
1,015
(360)
3,721
(9,807)
—
157
218
(447)
(5,643)
—
(4,883)
1,068
(1,466)
(1,736)
4,942
1,503
(21)
(15,589)
26,063
7,807
(32,297)
(3,178)
(3,118)
(3,898)
(264)
1,255
(494)
(645)
(8,769)
10,477
(125)
—
(1,220)
—
9,132
(15,226)
51,701
36,475
$
(11,267)
339
(1,596)
216
1,845
(1,139)
802
(1,197)
(1,458)
87
—
10
323
—
4,420
—
1,848
1,356
54
(8,424)
(1,198)
(777)
(18,318)
(32,805)
27,480
819
(26,351)
(9,564)
(10,312)
(600)
4
44,919
—
(203)
26,192
—
—
—
—
(12,920)
(12,920)
(19,533)
71,234
51,701
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Supplemental disclosures of cash flows information:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest
Income taxes
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of Class A preferred stock to common stock
Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisition of Argo
Fixed maturities received in connection with termination of PIH management
services agreement
Equity investments received in connection with termination of PIH management
services agreement
Accrued dividends on Class A preferred stock issued
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
12,134
37
1,000
$
$
$
— $
— $
— $
350
$
7,298
10
$
$
— $
744
$
— $
— $
565
$
24,249
—
—
—
3,000
960
394
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
64
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 BUSINESS
Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (the "Company" or "Kingsway") was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario)
on September 19, 1989. Kingsway is a Canadian holding company with operating subsidiaries located in the United States. The
Company operates as a merchant bank with a focus on long-term value-creation. The Company owns or controls subsidiaries
primarily in the insurance, extended warranty, asset management and real estate industries and pursues non-control investments
and other opportunities acting as an advisor, an investor and a financier.
NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a)
Principles of consolidation:
The accompanying information in the 2017 Annual Report has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP").
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact
on previously reported net (loss) income or total shareholders' equity.
Subsidiaries
The Company's consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, shareholders' equity, revenues, expenses and cash
flows of the holding company and its subsidiaries and have been prepared on the basis of U.S. GAAP. A subsidiary is an entity
which is controlled, directly or indirectly, through ownership of more than 50% of the outstanding voting rights, or where the
Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Assessment of
control is based on the substance of the relationship between the Company and the entity and includes consideration of both existing
voting rights and, if applicable, potential voting rights that are currently exercisable and convertible. The operating results of
subsidiaries that have been disposed of are included up to the date control ceased and any difference between the fair value of the
consideration received and the carrying value of the subsidiary are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. All
intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in full.
The consolidated financial statements are prepared as of December 31, 2017 based on individual company financial statements at
the same date. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been aligned where necessary to ensure consistency with those of Kingsway.
The consolidated financial statements include the following subsidiaries, all of which are owned, directly or indirectly: 1347
Advisors LLC; 1347 Capital LLC; Advantage Auto, Inc.; Appco Finance Corporation; American Country Underwriting Agency
Inc.; Argo Management Group, LLC ("Argo"); ARM Holdings, Inc.; CMC Industries, Inc. ("CMC"); Congress General Agency,
Inc.; Insurance Management Services Inc.; Itasca Capital Corp.; Itasca Investors LLC; Itasca Real Estate Investors, LLC; IWS
Acquisition Corporation ("IWS"); KFS Capital LLC; Kingsway America II Inc.; Kingsway America Inc.; Kingsway America
Agency Inc.; Kingsway Amigo Insurance Company ("Amigo"); Kingsway General Insurance Company; Kingsway LGIC Holdings,
LLC; Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation; Mattoni Insurance Brokerage, Inc.; Mendakota Casualty Company ("MCC");
Mendakota Insurance Company ("Mendakota"); Mendota Insurance Agency, Inc.; Mendota Insurance Company ("Mendota");
MIC Insurance Agency, Inc.; Professional Warranty Service Corporation ("PWSC"); Professional Warranty Services LLC; and
Trinity Warranty Solutions LLC ("Trinity").
Noncontrolling interests
The Company has noncontrolling interests attributable to its subsidiaries, CMC and IWS. The Company previously had
noncontrolling interests attributable to 1347 Investors LLC ("1347 Investors") and Kingsway Linked Return of Capital Trust
("KLROC Trust") prior to the deconsolidation of these subsidiaries in July 2016 and June 2015, respectively. Refer to Note 5,
"Deconsolidations, Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," for information regarding the deconsolidations of 1347 Investors
and KLROC Trust. A noncontrolling interest arises where the Company owns less than 100% of the voting rights and economic
interests in a subsidiary and is initially recognized at the proportionate share of the identifiable net assets of the subsidiary at the
acquisition date and is subsequently adjusted for the noncontrolling interest's share of the acquiree's net income (losses) and changes
in capital. The effects of transactions with noncontrolling interests are recorded in shareholders' equity where there is no change
of control.
(b)
Use of estimates:
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classification of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related
65
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results
could differ from these estimates. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in
estimates are recorded in the accounting period in which they are determined. The critical accounting estimates and assumptions
in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses; valuation
of fixed maturities and equity investments; impairment assessment of investments; valuation of limited liability investment, at fair
value; valuation of deferred income taxes; valuation and impairment assessment of intangible assets; goodwill recoverability;
deferred acquisition costs; fair value assumptions for performance shares; and fair value assumptions for subordinated debt
obligations.
(c)
Foreign currency translation:
The consolidated financial statements have been presented in U.S. dollars because the Company's principal investments and cash
flows are denominated in U.S. dollars. The Company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar since the substantial majority of its
operations is conducted in the United States. Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies are
translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated at average monthly rates and
shareholders' equity is translated at the rates in effect at dates of capital transactions. The net unrealized gains or losses which
result from the translation of non-U.S. subsidiaries financial statements are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss.
Such currency translation gains or losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations upon the sale of a foreign
subsidiary. Transactions settled in foreign currencies are translated to functional currencies at the exchange rate prevailing at the
transaction dates. The unrealized foreign currency translation gains and losses arising from available-for-sale financial assets are
recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income until realized, at which date they are reclassified to the consolidated statements
of operations. Unrealized foreign currency translation gains and losses on certain interest bearing debt obligations carried at fair
value are included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Foreign currency translation adjustments are included in shareholders' equity under the caption accumulated other comprehensive
loss. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions which are denominated in currencies other than the entity's
functional currency are reflected in foreign exchange losses, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
(d)
Business combinations:
The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for acquisitions of subsidiaries or other businesses. The results of acquired
subsidiaries or other businesses are included in the consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition. The cost
of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets received, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed
at the date of exchange. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination
are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any noncontrolling interest. The
excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Company's share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded
as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is
recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Noncontrolling interests in the net assets of consolidated entities are
reported separately in shareholders' equity.
(e)
Investments:
Investments in fixed maturities and equity investments in common stocks are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair
value. Unrealized gains and losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, until sold or until an other-
than-temporary impairment is recognized, at which point cumulative unrealized gains or losses are transferred to the consolidated
statements of operations.
Limited liability investments include investments in limited liability companies and limited partnerships in which the Company's
interests are not deemed minor and, therefore, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting.
Limited liability investment, at fair value represents the Company's investment in 1347 Investors. The Company has made an
irrevocable election to account for this investment at fair value with changes in fair value reported in the consolidated statements
of operations.
Other investments include mortgage and collateral loans and are reported at their unpaid principal balance.
Short-term investments, which consist of investments with original maturities between three months and one year, are reported at
cost which approximates fair value.
Realized gains and losses on sales, determined on a first-in first-out basis, are included in net realized gains.
66
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Dividends and interest income are included in net investment income. Investment income is recorded as it accrues. Income from
limited liability investments is recognized based on the Company's share of the earnings of the limited liability entities and is
included in net investment income. Income from limited liability investment, at fair value is included in net investment income.
The Company accounts for all financial instruments using trade date accounting.
The Company conducts a quarterly review to identify and evaluate investments that show objective indications of possible
impairment. Impairment is charged to the consolidated statements of operations if the fair value of an instrument falls below its
cost/amortized cost and the decline is considered other-than-temporary. Factors considered in determining whether a loss is other-
than-temporary include the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below cost; the financial condition and near-
term prospects of the issuer; and the Company's ability and intent to hold investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for
any anticipated recovery.
(f)
Derivative financial instruments:
Derivative financial instruments include investments in warrants and performance shares issued to the Company under various
performance share grant agreements. Refer to Note 6, "Investments," for further details regarding the performance shares. Warrants
are classified as equity investments in the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company measures derivative financial instruments at fair value. The fair value of derivative financial instruments is required
to be revalued each reporting period, with corresponding changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of operations,
or, in the case of derivative financial instruments that are publicly traded, in other accumulated other comprehensive loss. Realized
gains or losses are recognized upon settlement of the contracts.
(g)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible
into cash.
(h)
Investment in investee:
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, investment in investee includes the Company's investment in the common stock of Itasca Capital
Ltd. ("ICL"). This investment is accounted for under the equity method of accounting and reported as investment in investee in
the consolidated balance sheets. Investment in investee is comprised of an investment in an entity where the Company has the
ability to exercise significant influence but not control. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Company owns, directly
or indirectly, between 20% and 50% of the outstanding voting rights of the investee. Assessment of significant influence is based
on the substance of the relationship between the Company and the investee and includes consideration of both existing voting
rights and, if applicable, potential voting rights that are currently exercisable and convertible. This investment is reported as
investment in investee in the consolidated balance sheets, with the Company's share of income (loss) and other comprehensive
income (loss) of the investee reported in the corresponding line in the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated
statements of comprehensive (loss) income, respectively. Under the equity method of accounting, an investment in investee is
initially recognized at cost and adjusted thereafter for the post-acquisition change in the Company's share of net assets of the
investee.
At each reporting date, and more frequently when conditions warrant, management assesses its investment in investee for potential
impairment. If management's assessment indicates that there is objective evidence of impairment, the investee is written down to
its recoverable amount, which is determined as the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. Write-downs to
reflect other-than-temporary impairments in value are included in other-than-temporary impairment loss in the consolidated
statements of operations.
The most recently available financial statements of the investee are used in applying the equity method. The difference between
the end of the reporting period of the investee and that of the Company is no more than three months. Adjustments are made for
the effects of significant transactions or events that occur between the date of the investee's financial statements and the date of
the Company's consolidated financial statements.
(i)
Premiums and service fee receivables:
Premiums and service fee receivables include balances due and uncollected and installment premiums not yet due from agents
and insureds. Premiums and service fee receivables are reported net of an estimated allowance for doubtful accounts.
67
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(j)
Reinsurance:
Reinsurance premiums, losses, and loss adjustment expenses are accounted for on a basis consistent with those used in accounting
for the original policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. Premiums and losses ceded to other companies have
been reported as a reduction of premium revenue and incurred loss and loss adjustment expenses. Commissions paid to the
Company by reinsurers on business ceded have been accounted for as a reduction of the related policy acquisition costs. Reinsurance
recoverable is recorded for that portion of paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses that are ceded to other companies.
Prepaid reinsurance premiums are recorded for unearned premiums that have been ceded to other companies.
(k)
Deferred acquisition costs, net:
The Company defers commissions, premium taxes and other underwriting and agency expenses that are directly related to successful
efforts to acquire new or existing insurance policies and vehicle service agreements to the extent they are considered recoverable.
Costs deferred on property and casualty insurance products are amortized over the period in which premiums are earned. Costs
deferred on vehicle service agreements are amortized as the related revenues are earned. The method followed in determining the
deferred acquisition costs limits the deferral to its realizable value by giving consideration to estimated future loss and loss
adjustment expenses to be incurred as revenues are earned. Changes in estimates, if any, are recorded in the accounting period in
which they are determined. Anticipated investment income is included in determining the realizable value of the deferred acquisition
costs. The Company's deferred acquisition costs are reported net of ceding commissions.
(l)
Property and equipment:
Property and equipment are reported in the consolidated financial statements at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment has
been provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of such assets. Repairs and maintenance are recognized
in operations during the period incurred. Land is not depreciated. The Company estimates useful life to be thirty to forty years
for buildings; five to fifty years for site improvements; three to ten years for leasehold improvements; three to ten years for furniture
and equipment; and three to five years for computer hardware.
(m)
Goodwill and intangible assets:
When the Company acquires a subsidiary or other business where it exerts significant influence, the fair value of the net tangible
and intangible assets acquired is determined and compared to the amount paid for the subsidiary or business acquired. Any excess
of the amount paid over the fair value of those net assets is considered to be goodwill.
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually as of December 31, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the
carrying value may not be recoverable, to ensure that its fair value is greater than or equal to the carrying value. Any excess of
carrying value over fair value is charged to the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the impairment is
determined.
The Company has the option to assess goodwill for impairment by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether
it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If facts and circumstances indicate
that it is more likely than not that the goodwill is impaired, a fair value-based impairment test would be required. The goodwill
impairment test is a two-step process that requires management to make judgments in determining what assumptions to use in the
calculation. In the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to its book value including goodwill. If the fair value
of the reporting unit is in excess of its book value, the related goodwill is not impaired and no further analysis is necessary. If the
fair value of the reporting unit is less than its book value, there is an indication of potential impairment and a second step is
performed. When required, the second step of testing involves calculating the implied fair value of goodwill for the reporting unit.
The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination, which is
the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit determined in step one over the fair value of its net assets and identifiable intangible
assets as if the reporting unit had been acquired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds the implied fair value
of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. For reporting units with a negative book
value, qualitative factors are evaluated to determine whether it is necessary to perform the second step of the goodwill impairment
test.
When the Company acquires a subsidiary or other business where it exerts significant influence or acquires certain assets, intangible
assets may be acquired, which are recorded at their fair value at the time of the acquisition. An intangible asset with a definite
useful life is amortized in the consolidated statements of operations over its estimated useful life. The Company writes down the
value of an intangible asset with a definite useful life when the undiscounted cash flows are not expected to allow for full recovery
of the carrying value.
68
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not subject to amortization and are tested for impairment annually as of December
31, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, to ensure that fair values
are greater than or equal to carrying values. Any excess of carrying value over fair value is charged to the consolidated statements
of operations in the period in which the impairment is determined.
(n)
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses:
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses represent the estimated liabilities for reported loss events, incurred but not yet reported
loss events and the related estimated loss adjustment expenses, including investigation. Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
are determined using case-basis evaluations and statistical analyses, including industry loss data, and represent estimates of the
ultimate cost of all claims incurred through the balance sheet date. Although considerable variability is inherent in such estimates,
management believes that the liability for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is adequate. The estimates are continually
reviewed and adjusted as necessary, and such adjustments are included in current operations and accounted for as changes in
estimates.
(o)
Debt:
The Company's note payable is reported at amortized cost. The note payable includes a premium that is being amortized through
the maturity date of the note payable using the effective interest rate method.
The Company's bank loan is reported at its unpaid principal balance.
The Company's subordinated debt is measured and reported at fair value. The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated
using a model based on significant market observable inputs and inputs developed by a third party. These inputs include credit
spread assumptions developed by a third party and market observable swap rates. Changes in fair value are reported in the
consolidated statements of operations as loss (gain) on change in fair value of debt.
(p)
Contingent consideration:
The consideration for certain of the Company's acquisitions included future payments to the former owners that were contingent
upon the achievement of certain targets over future reporting periods. Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured and
reported at fair value at the date of acquisition and are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance
sheets. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities can result from changes to one or multiple inputs, including
adjustments to the discount rates or changes in the assumed achievement or timing of any targets. These fair value measurements
are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Changes in assumptions could have an impact on the payout of
contingent consideration liabilities. Changes in fair value are reported in the consolidated statements of operations as contingent
consideration benefit.
(q)
Income taxes:
The Company and its non-U.S. subsidiaries file separate foreign income tax returns. Kingsway America II Inc. and its eligible
U.S. subsidiaries file a U.S. consolidated federal income tax return ("KAI Tax Group"). The method of allocating federal income
taxes among the companies in the KAI Tax Group is subject to written agreement, approved by each company's Board of Directors.
The allocation is made primarily on a separate return basis, with current credit for any net operating losses or other items utilized
in the consolidated federal income tax return. The Company's U.S. subsidiaries not included in the KAI Tax Group file separate
federal income tax returns.
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred income tax assets and
liabilities are recognized for (i) the differences between the financial statement carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities
and their respective tax bases and (ii) loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured
using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period
that includes the date of enactment. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely
than not and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of a deferred tax asset that management believes will not be
realized. Current federal income taxes are charged or credited to operations based upon amounts estimated to be payable or
recoverable as a result of taxable operations for the current year. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance
with the income tax accounting guidance. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax
benefits in income tax (benefit) expense.
69
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(r)
Leases
Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis, based on contractual lease terms with fixed and
determinable increases over the non-cancellable term of the related lease when collectability is reasonably assured. Rental income
recognized in excess of amounts contractually due and collected pursuant to the underlying lease is recorded in other receivables
in the consolidated balance sheets. Rental expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term,
net of any applicable lease incentive amortization. Below market lease liabilities recorded in connection with the acquisition
method of accounting are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the lease, as determined at the acquisition
date, and are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of below market
lease liabilities is included in rental income in the consolidated statements of operations.
(s)
Revenue recognition:
Premium revenue and unearned premiums
Premium revenue is recognized on a pro rata basis over the terms of the respective policy contracts. Unearned premiums represent
the portion of premiums written that are applicable to the unexpired terms of policies in force.
Service charges on installment premiums are recognized as income upon receipt of related installment payments and are reflected
in other income. Revenue from policy fees is deferred and recognized over the terms of the respective policy contracts, with
revenue reflected in other income.
The reinsurers' share of unearned premiums is recognized as amounts recoverable using principles consistent with the Company's
method for determining the unearned premium liability.
Service fee and commission income and deferred service fees
Service fee and commission income represents vehicle service agreement fees, warranty product commissions and maintenance
support service fees and homebuilder warranty service fees and commissions based on terms of various agreements with credit
unions, consumers, businesses and homebuilders.
Vehicle service agreement fees include the administrative fees from the sale of vehicle service agreements as well as the fees to
administer future claims and are earned over the life of the contract. The administrative fee component is recognized in proportion
to the costs incurred in acquiring and administering the vehicle service agreements. The claims fee component is earned over the
life of the vehicle service agreements based on the greater of expected claims or actual claims experience.
Warranty product commissions and maintenance support service fees include the commissions from the sale of warranty contracts
for certain new and used heating, ventilation, air conditioning ("HVAC"), standby generator, commercial LED lighting and
refrigeration equipment as well as the service fees collected to administer equipment breakdown and maintenance support services.
Warranty product commissions are earned at the time of the warranty product sales and service fees from equipment breakdown
and maintenance support transactions are earned as completed or services are rendered.
The Company earns service fees and commissions on warranties issued by new homebuilders. The Company recognizes
commissions as income on the certification date, which is typically the date of the closing of the sale of the home to the buyer.
The Company also earns an incentive bonus on eligible warranties, which is based on expected ultimate loss ratio targets and a
profit-sharing percentage on expected profits. Service fee revenue is recognized as income over the warranty period, the majority
of which is 10 years and is based on homes closed by the builder. The Company estimates deferred revenue for years two through
ten of the warranty period, based on historical dispute resolution services experience.
Contingent revenue
The terms of the sale of one of the Company's subsidiaries includes potential receipt by the Company of future earnout payments.
The gain related to the earnout payments is recorded when the consideration is determined to be realizable and is reported in the
consolidated statements of operations as gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes.
The assumptions and methodologies used are continually reviewed and any adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements
of operations in the period in which the adjustments are made.
70
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(t)
Cost of services sold:
Cost of services sold is comprised of direct costs incurred to generate maintenance support fee revenue. Cost of services sold
includes payments to third-party contractors who service equipment breakdowns and perform maintenance support.
(u)
Stock-based compensation:
The Company has a stock-based compensation plan for key officers of the Company. The Company uses the fair-value method
of accounting for stock-based compensation awards granted to employees. Expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the
service period during which awards are expected to vest, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. The Company
determines the fair value of stock options on their grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. When these stock
options are exercised, the amount of proceeds together with the amount recorded in additional paid-in capital is recorded in
shareholders' equity.
(v)
Fair value of financial instruments:
The fair values of the Company's investments in fixed maturities and equity investments, limited liability investment, at fair value,
performance shares and subordinated debt are estimated using a fair value hierarchy to categorize the inputs it uses in valuation
techniques. The fair value of the Company's investment in investee is based on quoted market prices. Fair values for other
investments approximate their unpaid principal balance. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets
approximate fair values for cash, short-term investments and certain other assets and other liabilities because of their short-term
nature.
NOTE 3 RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
(a)
Adoption of New Accounting Standards:
In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU")
2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU
2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 was issued to simplify the accounting for share-based payment awards. The guidance requires,
prospectively, all tax effects related to share-based payments be made through the statement of operations at the time of settlement
as opposed to excess tax benefits being recognized in additional paid-in-capital under the current guidance. ASU 2016-09 also
removes the requirement to delay recognition of a tax benefit until it reduces current taxes payable. This change is required to be
applied on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening accumulated deficit. Additionally, all
tax related cash flows resulting from share-based payments are to be reported as operating activities on the statement of cash flows,
a change from the current requirement to present tax benefits as an inflow from financing activities and an outflow from operating
activities. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption
is permitted with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Effective January 1, 2017, the
Company adopted ASU 2016-09. The adoption of the standard did not affect the Company's consolidated financial statements.
(b)
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted:
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"), which outlines a single
comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The core principle of
ASU 2014-09 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount
that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015,
the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date ("ASU
2015-14"). This amendment defers the effective date of the previously issued ASU 2014-09 until the interim and annual reporting
periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Earlier application is permitted for interim and annual reporting periods beginning
after December 15, 2016. In addition, the FASB has issued four related ASU's on principal versus agent guidance (ASU
2016-08), identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance (ASU 2016-10), a revision of certain
SEC Staff Observer comments (ASU 2016-11) and implementation guidance (ASU 2016-12). The guidance permits two methods
of transition upon adoption; full retrospective and modified retrospective. The Company will utilize the modified retrospective
method upon adoption of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018. Under the modified retrospective method, revenues and other
disclosures for pre-2017 periods would be provided in the notes to the consolidated financial statements as previously reported
under the current revenue standard. Insurance contracts, lease contracts and investments are not within the scope of ASU 2014-09;
therefore, this standard would not apply to the majority of our consolidated revenues. For the Company's Extended Warranty
segment, which is within the scope of this guidance, the Company reviewed its service fee and commission income revenue streams
and compared its historical accounting policies and practices to the new standard. As a result, the Company believes its current
71
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
revenue recognition will be materially consistent with the way we expect to recognize service fee and commission income once
ASU 2014-09 is adopted.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement
of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). The amendments in ASU 2016-01 address certain aspects of
recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. Most significantly, ASU 2016-01 requires (1)
equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of an
investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income (loss); and (2) an entity to present
separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in
the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value
option for financial instruments. For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2016-01 are effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and will be applied using a cumulative-
effect adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company currently records its
equity investments at fair value with net unrealized gains or losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Adoption of ASU 2016-01 will require the changes in fair value on equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be
recorded in net income (loss). The Company currently records its subordinated debt at fair value with the total change in fair
value reported in net income (loss). Adoption of ASU 2016-01 will require the portion of the change in fair value of subordinated
debt related to the instrument-specific credit risk to be recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The adoption of ASU
2016-01 will have no impact on the Company’s total shareholders' equity as of January 1, 2018. Subsequent to adoption, ASU
2016-01 could have a significant effect on the Company's results of operations and earnings (loss) per share as changes in fair
value of equity investments will be presented in net income (loss) rather than other comprehensive income (loss) and certain
changes in fair value of subordinated debt will be presented in other comprehensive income (loss) rather than net income (loss).
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 was issued to improve the financial
reporting of leasing transactions. Under current guidance for lessees, leases are only included on the balance sheet if certain
criteria, classifying the agreement as a capital lease, are met. This update will require the recognition of a right-of-use asset and
a corresponding lease liability, discounted to the present value, for all leases that extend beyond 12 months. For operating leases,
the asset and liability will be expensed over the lease term on a straight-line basis, with all cash flows included in the operating
section of the statement of cash flows. For finance leases, interest on the lease liability will be recognized separately from the
amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income and the repayment of the principal portion of the
lease liability will be classified as a financing activity while the interest component will be included in the operating section of
the statement of cash flows. The accounting treatment for lessors will remain relatively unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective
for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, leases
will be recognized and measured at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The
Company is currently evaluating the potential effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments ("ASU 2016-15").
The objective of ASU 2016-15 is to reduce diversity in the classification of cash receipts and payments for specific cash flow
issues, including debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business
combination and proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 31, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of ASU 2016-15 is permitted. The Company
does not believe the adoption of ASU 2016-15 will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill
Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 was issued to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. This update changes
the impairment test by requiring an entity to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount as opposed to
comparing the carrying amount of goodwill with its implied fair value. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual and interim reporting
periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not believe the adoption of ASU
2017-04 will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 4 ACQUISITIONS
Professional Warranty Service Corporation:
On October 12, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of PWSC for estimated cash consideration of
approximately $9.9 million. The final purchase price is subject to a true-up that will be finalized in 2018. The consolidated
statements of operations include the earnings of PWSC from the date of acquisition. No supplemental pro forma revenue and
earnings information related to the acquisition has been presented for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016,
as the impact is immaterial. As further discussed in Note 24, "Segmented Information," PWSC is included in the Extended Warranty
72
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
segment. PWSC is based in Virginia and is a leading provider of new home warranty products and administration services to the
largest tier of domestic residential construction firms in the United States. This acquisition allows the Company to grow its portfolio
of warranty companies and expand into the home warranty business.
The Company intends to finalize during 2018 its fair value analysis of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The assets
acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements at their estimated fair market values. These
estimates, allocations and calculations are subject to change as we obtain further information; therefore, the final fair market values
of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed may not agree with the estimates included in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following table summarizes the estimated allocation of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Other receivables
Service fee receivable
Property and equipment
Other assets
Goodwill
Total assets
Deferred service fees
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Total liabilities
Purchase price
CMC Industries, Inc.:
October 12, 2017
2,071
50
1,422
238
205
9,051
13,037
2,079
1,089
3,168
9,869
$
$
$
$
$
$
On July 14, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of 81.0% of CMC for cash consideration of $1.5 million. The consolidated
statements of operations include the earnings of CMC from the date of acquisition. As further discussed in Note 24, "Segmented
Information," CMC is included in the Leased Real Estate segment. CMC owns, through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary (the
"Property Owner"), a parcel of real property consisting of approximately 192 acres located in the State of Texas (the "Real Property").
The Real Property is leased to a third party pursuant to a long-term triple net lease. Effective beginning the first quarter of 2017,
the Company executed a lease amendment between CMC and its tenant under which the tenant will pay an aggregate $25.0 million
of additional rental income through May 2034, the remaining term of the lease. The Real Property is also subject to a mortgage,
which is recorded as note payable in the consolidated balance sheets (the "Mortgage"). The Mortgage is nonrecourse indebtedness
with respect to CMC and its subsidiaries (including the Property Owner), and the Mortgage is not, nor will it be, guaranteed by
Kingsway or its affiliates.
This acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase price
was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. During
the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company completed its fair value analysis on the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill
of $61.0 million was recognized. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Separately identifiable intangible assets of
$74.8 million were recognized resulting from the valuations of in-place lease and a tenant relationship. Refer to Note 11, "Intangible
Assets," for further disclosure of the intangible assets related to this acquisition. The Mortgage was recorded at its estimated fair
value of $191.7 million, which included the unpaid principal amount of $180.0 million as of the date of acquisition plus a premium
of $11.7 million. Refer to Note 14, "Debt," for further discussion of the Mortgage. The Company also recognized a below market
lease liability of $0.9 million, which is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. The below market lease liability resulted
from the terms of the acquired operating lease contract being unfavorable relative to market terms of comparable leases on the
date of acquisition. The below market lease liability is amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the lease, as
determined at the acquisition date. Amortization of below market lease liabilities is included in rental income in the consolidated
statements of operations.
73
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Other receivables
Property and equipment
Intangible asset - subject to amortization
Intangible asset - not subject to amortization
Other assets
Goodwill
Total assets
Note payable
Deferred income tax liability
Income taxes payable
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Noncontrolling interest in CMC
Total liabilities and noncontrolling interest
Purchase price
July 14, 2016
1,006
1,971
113,008
1,125
73,667
1,385
60,983
253,145
191,741
55,603
2,018
1,984
299
251,645
1,500
$
$
$
$
$
The consolidated statements of operations include the earnings of CMC from the date of acquisition. From the date of acquisition
through December 31, 2016, CMC earned revenue of $5.4 million and net income of $0.5 million. The following unaudited pro
forma summary presents the Company's consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2016 and December
31, 2015 as if CMC had been acquired on January 1, 2015. The pro forma summary is presented for illustrative purposes only
and does not purport to represent the results of our operations that would have actually occurred had the acquisition occurred on
January 1, 2015 or project our results of operations as of any future date or for any future period, as applicable.
(in thousands, except per share data)
Revenues
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common
shareholders
Basic earnings (loss) per share - continuing operations
Diluted earnings (loss) per share - continuing operations
$
$
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
172,320
$
2016
183,294
538
0.03
0.03
$
$
$
(10,884)
(0.55)
(0.55)
Argo Management Group LLC:
Effective April 21, 2016, the Company issued 160,000 shares of its common stock to acquire Argo. The Argo purchase price of
$0.7 million was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the date the 160,000 shares were issued. The
consolidated statements of operations include the earnings of Argo from the date of acquisition. No supplemental pro forma
revenue and earnings information related to the acquisition has been presented for the years ended December 31, 2016 and December
31, 2015, as the impact is immaterial. Argo’s primary business is to act as the Managing Member of Argo Holdings Fund I, LLC,
an investment fund organized for purposes of making control-oriented equity investments in established lower middle market
companies based in North America, with a focus on search fund investments.
This acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase price
was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. During
74
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
the second quarter of 2016, the Company completed its fair value analysis on the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Separately
identifiable intangible assets of $0.7 million were recognized resulting from the valuations of contract-based management fee and
promote fee revenues. Refer to Note 11, "Intangible Assets," for further disclosure of the intangible assets related to this acquisition.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Other receivables
Intangible assets - subject to amortization
Other assets
Total assets
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Total liabilities
Purchase price
April 21, 2016
5
17
731
5
758
14
14
744
$
$
$
$
$
NOTE 5 DECONSOLIDATIONS, DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND LIQUIDATION
(a)
Deconsolidations
1347 Investors LLC:
At June 30, 2016, the Company owned 61.0% of the outstanding units of 1347 Investors. Because the Company owned more than
50% of the outstanding units, 1347 Investors was included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. 1347 Investors
had an investment in the common stock and private units of 1347 Capital Corp. which was reflected in investment in investee in
the consolidated balance sheets. 1347 Capital Corp., which completed an initial public offering on July 21, 2014 and had 24 months
from the date of the initial public offering to complete a successful business combination, was formed for the purpose of entering
into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities.
On March 23, 2016, 1347 Capital Corp. announced the signing of a definitive agreement with Limbach Holdings LLC ("Limbach"),
in which 1347 Capital Corp. would merge with Limbach. On July 21, 2016, Limbach announced the closing of the previously
announced merger, and 1347 Capital Corp. was renamed Limbach Holdings, Inc. As a result of this transaction, the Company's
ownership percentage in 1347 Investors was reduced to 26.7% at the transaction date, leading the Company to record a non-cash
gain of $5.6 million during 2016 related to the deconsolidation of 1347 Investors. This gain results from removing the carrying
value of the noncontrolling interest in 1347 Investors and the carrying value of the consolidated net assets of 1347 Investors, which
the Company reported prior to the closing of the transaction, and recording the fair value of the Company's 26.7% retained
noncontrolling investment in 1347 Investors as of the transaction date. Subsequent to the transaction date, the Company is
accounting for its remaining noncontrolling investment in 1347 Investors at fair value.
Kingsway Linked Return of Capital Trust:
On July 14, 2005, KLROC Trust completed its public offering of C$78.0 million through the issuance of 3,120,000 LROC 5%
preferred units due June 30, 2015 (“LROC preferred units”), of which the Company was a promoter. KLROC Trust’s net proceeds
of the public offering was C$74.1 million.
During 2009 and 2010, KFS Capital began purchasing LROC preferred units. As a result of these acquisitions, the Company
beneficially owned and controlled 2,333,715 units, representing 74.8% of the issued and outstanding LROC preferred units and
began consolidating the financial statements of KLROC Trust effective July 23, 2010.
During the second quarter of 2015, the Company's controlling interest in KLROC Trust was reduced to zero upon the Company's
repayment of its C$15.8 million outstanding on its LROC preferred units due June 30, 2015. As a result, the Company recorded
a non-cash loss on deconsolidation of KLROC Trust of $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. This reported loss
75
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
results from removing the net assets and accumulated other comprehensive loss of KLROC Trust from the Company’s consolidated
balance sheets.
(b)
Discontinued Operations
On April 1, 2015, the Company closed on the sale of its subsidiary, Assigned Risk Solutions Ltd. ("ARS") for $47.0 million in
cash. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company received additional post-closing cash consideration of $2.0 million. The
terms of the sale also provide for potential receipt by the Company of future earnout payments equal to 1.25% of ARS' written
premium and fee income during the earnout periods. The earnout payments are payable in three annual installments beginning in
April 2016 through April 2018. During 2017, the Company received cash consideration, before expenses, for the second annual
installment earnout payment of $1.3 million. During 2016, the Company received cash consideration, before expenses, of $1.5
million, consisting of the first annual installment earnout payment of $1.4 million and $0.1 million related to state tax overpayments.
Net of expenses, the Company recorded an additional gain on disposal of ARS of $1.0 million and $1.3 million for the years ended
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. As a result of the sale, ARS, previously disclosed as part of the Extended
Warranty (formerly Insurance Services) segment, has been classified as a discontinued operation. The earnings of ARS are disclosed
as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. Summary financial information
included in income from discontinued operations, net of taxes for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is presented
below:
(in thousands)
Revenues:
Service fee and commission income
Other (expense) income
Total revenues
Expenses:
General and administrative expenses
Income from discontinued operations before income tax expense
Income tax expense
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations before income tax
benefit
Income tax benefit
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes
Total gain/income from discontinued operations, net of taxes
2017
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,017
—
1,017
1,017
$
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,255
—
1,255
1,255
$
8,342
(20)
8,322
6,462
1,860
443
1,417
11,177
(90)
11,267
12,684
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, ARS' net cash used in operating activities was zero and zero and $0.2
million , respectively. ARS had no cash flows from investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
(c)
Liquidation
During 2017, the Company's subsidiary, Kingsway ROC GP ("ROC GP"), was liquidated. As a result of the liquidation of this
subsidiary, the Company realized a net after-tax loss of $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. This loss represents
the foreign exchange loss previously recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and now recognized in the statements of
operations as a result of the liquidation of ROC GP. Summarized financial information for liquidation of subsidiary is shown
below:
(in thousands)
Liquidation:
Loss on liquidation before income taxes
Income tax benefit
Loss on liquidation of subsidiary, net of taxes
2017
(494) $
— $
(494) $
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
— $
—
— $
—
—
—
$
$
76
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 6 INVESTMENTS
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair value of the Company's investments in fixed maturities
and equity investments at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are summarized in the tables shown below:
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and
authorities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and collateralized
mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants - publicly traded
Warrants - not publicly traded
Total equity investments
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
December 31, 2017
$
25,519
$
—
$
3,826
7,784
2,279
14,338
53,746
7,583
603
960
9,146
3
7
1
22
33
199
266
173
638
671
275
46
128
11
105
565
363
142
285
790
$
25,244
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
7,419
727
848
8,994
Total fixed maturities and equity investments
$
62,892
$
$
1,355
$
62,208
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
December 31, 2016
U.S. government, government agencies and
authorities
$
28,312
$
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and collateralized
mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants - publicly traded
Warrants - not publicly traded
Total equity investments
3,131
8,610
3,468
18,615
62,136
17,701
438
960
19,099
Total fixed maturities and equity investments
$
81,235
$
22
1
12
4
94
133
4,156
279
180
4,615
4,748
$
$
186
44
116
5
154
505
431
53
—
484
989
$
28,148
3,088
8,506
3,467
18,555
61,764
21,426
664
1,140
23,230
$
84,994
77
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Net unrealized gains and losses in the tables above are reported as other comprehensive (loss) income with the exception of net
unrealized losses of $0.1 million, at December 31, 2017, and net unrealized gains of $0.2 million, at December 31, 2016, related
to warrants - not publicly traded, which are reported in the consolidated statements of operations.
The table below summarizes the Company's fixed maturities at December 31, 2017 by contractual maturity periods. Actual results
may differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturity
of these obligations.
(in thousands)
Due in one year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through ten years
Due after ten years
Total
Amortized Cost
11,194
34,172
3,818
4,562
53,746
$
$
$
December 31, 2017
Estimated Fair
Value
11,154
33,791
3,780
4,489
53,214
$
The following tables highlight the aggregate unrealized loss position, by security type, of fixed maturities and equity investments
in unrealized loss positions as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The tables segregate the holdings based on the
period of time the investments have been continuously held in unrealized loss positions.
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Less than 12 Months
Greater than 12 Months
Total
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies
and authorities
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and
collateralized mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Total
$
17,067
$
136
$
8,177
$
139
$
25,244
$
275
2,092
5,550
1,158
6,807
25
86
5
62
893
1,789
660
2,201
21
42
6
43
2,985
7,339
1,818
9,008
32,674
314
13,720
251
46,394
4,515
896
5,411
363
427
790
—
—
—
—
—
—
4,515
896
5,411
46
128
11
105
565
363
427
790
$
38,085
$
1,104
$
13,720
$
251
$
51,805
$
1,355
78
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands)
December 31, 2016
Less than 12 Months
Greater than 12 Months
Total
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Loss
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government
agencies and authorities
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and
collateralized mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Total
$
18,509
$
186
$
— $
— $
18,509
$
2,594
7,709
1,830
10,956
41,598
900
31
931
$
42,529
$
44
116
5
154
505
293
20
313
818
$
—
58
44
—
102
868
—
868
970
$
—
—
—
—
—
138
33
171
171
2,594
7,767
1,874
10,956
41,700
1,768
31
1,799
$
43,499
$
186
44
116
5
154
505
431
53
484
989
Fixed maturities and equity investments contain approximately 191 and 173 individual investments that were in unrealized loss
positions as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The establishment of an other-than-temporary impairment on an investment requires a number of judgments and estimates. The
Company performs a quarterly analysis of the individual investments to determine if declines in market value are other-than-
temporary. The analysis includes some or all of the following procedures as deemed appropriate by the Company:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
identifying all unrealized loss positions that have existed for at least six months;
identifying other circumstances management believes may impact the recoverability of the unrealized loss positions;
obtaining a valuation analysis from third-party investment managers regarding the intrinsic value of these investments
based on their knowledge and experience together with market-based valuation techniques;
reviewing the trading range of certain investments over the preceding calendar period;
assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for debt instruments based on the investment grade credit
ratings from third-party rating agencies;
assessing if declines in market value are other-than-temporary for any debt instrument with a non-investment grade credit
rating based on the continuity of its debt service record;
determining the necessary provision for declines in market value that are considered other-than-temporary based on the
analyses performed; and
assessing the Company's ability and intent to hold these investments at least until the investment impairment is recovered.
The risks and uncertainties inherent in the assessment methodology used to determine declines in market value that are other-than-
temporary include, but may not be limited to, the following:
•
•
•
•
the opinions of professional investment managers could be incorrect;
the past trading patterns of individual investments may not reflect future valuation trends;
the credit ratings assigned by independent credit rating agencies may be incorrect due to unforeseen or unknown facts
related to a company's financial situation; and
the debt service pattern of non-investment grade instruments may not reflect future debt service capabilities and may not
reflect a company's unknown underlying financial problems.
As a result of the analysis performed by the Company to determine declines in market value that are other-than-temporary, the
Company recorded write downs of $0.3 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments for the year
ended December 31, 2017, $0.1 million and $0.1 million for other-than-temporary impairment related to equity investments and
79
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
limited liability investments, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $0.0 million for other-than-temporary
impairment related to fixed maturities for the year ended December 31, 2015.
There were $0.3 million, $0.1 million and $0.0 million of other-than-temporary losses recognized in other comprehensive (loss)
income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Company has reviewed currently available information regarding investments with estimated fair values less than their carrying
amounts and believes these unrealized losses are not other-than-temporary and are primarily due to temporary market and sector-
related factors rather than to issuer-specific factors. The Company does not intend to sell those investments, and it is not likely it
will be required to sell those investments before recovery of its amortized cost.
The Company does not have any exposure to subprime mortgage-backed investments.
Limited liability investments include investments in limited liability companies and limited partnerships that primarily invest in
income-producing real estate or real estate related investments. The Company's interests in these investments are not deemed
minor and, therefore, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The most recently available financial statements
are used in applying the equity method. The difference between the end of the reporting period of the limited liability entities and
that of the Company is no more than three months. As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying value of limited
liability investments totaled $25.2 million and $23.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2017, the Company has unfunded
commitments totaling $1.3 million to fund limited liability investments.
Limited liability investment, at fair value represents the Company's investment in 1347 Investors. In connection with the
deconsolidation of 1347 Investors during the third quarter of 2016, the Company retained a minority investment in 1347 Investors.
The Company has made an irrevocable election to account for this investment at fair value. As of December 31, 2017 and
December 31, 2016, the carrying value of the Company's limited liability investment, at fair value was $10.3 million and $10.7
million, respectively. At December 31, 2017, there was no unfunded commitment related to the limited liability investment, at
fair value.
Other investments include mortgage and collateral loans and are reported at their unpaid principal balance. As of December 31,
2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying value of other investments totaled $3.7 million and $9.4 million, respectively.
The Company had previously entered into two separate performance share grant agreements with 1347 Property Insurance Holdings,
Inc. ("PIH"), whereby the Company will be entitled to receive up to an aggregate of 475,000 shares of PIH common stock upon
achievement of certain milestones for PIH’s stock price. Pursuant to the performance share grant agreements, if at any time the
last sales price of PIH’s common stock equals or exceeds: (i) $10.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends,
reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period, the Company will receive
100,000 shares of PIH common stock; (ii) $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations,
recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period, the Company will receive 125,000 shares
of PIH common stock (in addition to the 100,000 shares of common stock earned pursuant to clause (i) herein); (iii) $15.00 per
share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within
any 30-trading day period, the Company will receive 125,000 shares of PIH common stock (in addition to the 225,000 shares of
common stock earned pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) herein); and (iv) $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends,
reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period, the Company will receive
125,000 shares of PIH common stock (in addition to the 350,000 shares of common stock earned pursuant to clauses (i), (ii) and
(iii) herein). To the extent shares of PIH common stock are granted to the Company under either of the performance share grant
agreements, they will be recorded at the time the shares are granted and will have a valuation equal to the last sales price of PIH
common stock on the day prior to such grant. No shares were received by the Company under either of the performance share
grant agreements as of December 31, 2017. On January 2, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with PIH to cancel the
$10.00 per share Performance Shares Grant Agreement in exchange for cash consideration of $0.3 million. The Company will
record this gain during the first quarter of 2018. Refer to Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," for further details regarding
the performance shares.
80
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Gross realized gains and losses on fixed maturities, equity investments and limited liability investments for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows:
(in thousands)
Gross realized gains
Gross realized losses
Total
2017
4,406
(635)
3,771
$
$
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
1,198
(1)
1,197
2016
764
(404)
360
$
$
Net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, is comprised as follows:
(in thousands)
Investment income
Interest from fixed maturities
Dividends
Income from limited liability investments
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of limited liability investment, at fair
value
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of warrants - not publicly traded
Other
Gross investment income
Investment expenses
Net investment income
NOTE 7 INVESTMENT IN INVESTEE
2017
809
500
1,797
(386)
(292)
428
2,856
(187)
2,669
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
794
682
1,157
4,720
380
653
8,386
(142)
8,244
$
$
907
702
1,596
—
(216)
223
3,212
(257)
2,955
$
$
Investment in investee includes the Company's investment in the common stock of ICL and is accounted for under the equity
method. Prior to the second quarter of 2016, the Company's investment in ICL was included in equity investments in the consolidated
balance sheets. During the second quarter of 2016, the Company's ownership percentage in ICL was increased to 31.2%. As a
result of this change in ownership, the Company determined that its investment in the common stock of ICL qualified for the equity
method of accounting and, thus, is included in investment in investee in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017
and December 31, 2016. The Company's investment in ICL is recorded on a three-month lag basis.
The carrying value, estimated fair value and approximate equity percentage for the Company's investment in investee at
December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
(in thousands, except for percentages)
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Equity
Percentage
Estimated Fair
Value
Carrying
Value
Equity
Percentage
Estimated Fair
Value
Carrying
value
ICL
31.2% $
3,816
$
5,230
31.2% $
4,251
$
3,116
The estimated fair value of the Company's investment in ICL at December 31, 2017 in the table above is calculated based on the
published closing price of ICL at September 30, 2017 to be consistent with the three-month lag in reporting its carrying value
under the equity method. The estimated fair value of the Company's investment in ICL based on the published closing price of
ICL at December 31, 2017 is $3.4 million.
1347 Investors previously had an investment in the common stock and private units of 1347 Capital Corp., which was included
in investment in investee in the consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2016. As discussed in Note 5, "Deconsolidations,
Discontinued Operations and Liquidation," during the third quarter of 2016, the Company's ownership percentage in 1347 Investors
was reduced to 26.7% and the Company deconsolidated 1347 Investors. As a result of removing the net assets of 1347 Investors
81
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
from the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, the Company no longer had a direct investment in the common stock and private
units of 1347 Capital Corp. at December 31, 2016.
The Company reported equity in net income of investees of $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and equity in net
loss of investees of $1.0 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
NOTE 8 REINSURANCE
As is customary in the insurance industry, the Company reinsures portions of certain insurance policies it writes, thereby providing
a greater diversification of risk and minimizing exposure on larger risks. The Company remains contingently at risk with respect
to any reinsurance ceded and would incur an additional loss if an assuming company were unable to meet its obligation under the
reinsurance treaty.
The Company monitors the financial condition of its reinsurers to minimize its exposure to significant losses from reinsurer
insolvencies. Letters of credit are maintained for any unauthorized reinsurer to cover ceded unearned premium and ceded unpaid
loss and loss adjustment expenses balances.
For most of the non-standard automobile business, the liability is limited to the minimum statutory liability limits, which are
typically not greater than $50,000 per occurrence, depending on the state. The Company's reinsurance includes excess of loss
reinsurance to reduce its exposure to individual losses as well as losses related to catastrophic events that may simultaneously
affect many of our policyholders. During 2016 and 2015, the Company entered into an excess of loss reinsurance arrangement to
reduce its exposure to losses related to certain catastrophic events that may occur in any of the states in which the Company writes
non-standard automobile business. Upon the expiration in January, 2017 of this excess of loss reinsurance arrangement, we
concluded not to renew it.
Ceded premiums, loss and loss adjustments expenses, and commissions as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016
and 2015 are summarized as follows:
(in thousands)
Ceded premiums written
Ceded premiums earned
Ceded loss and loss adjustment expenses
Ceded unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Ceded unearned premiums
Ceding commissions
$
$
2017
—
7
(248)
174
—
226
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
165
166
(571)
1,207
7
(138)
2016
141
141
111
681
7
—
The Company's Texas business is written through an unaffiliated Texas county mutual insurance company. This Texas business
is then 100% assumed by Mendota through a quota-share arrangement. The amounts of assumed premiums written were $21.3
million, $23.5 million and $19.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The amounts of
assumed premiums earned were $21.9 million, $22.8 million and $19.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and
2015, respectively.
The maximum amount of return commission and return of unearned premium that would have been due if all of the Company's
reinsurance had been canceled is as follows at December 31, 2017:
(in thousands)
Assumed
Ceded
Net
December 31, 2017
Commission Equity
801
—
801
Unearned Premium Reserve
5,160
7
5,153
$
$
$
$
82
NOTE 9 DEFERRED ACQUISITION COSTS
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Policy acquisition costs consist primarily of commissions, premium taxes, and underwriting and agency expenses, net of ceding
commission income, incurred related to successful efforts to acquire new or renewal insurance contracts and vehicle service
agreements. Acquisition costs deferred on both property and casualty insurance products and vehicle service agreements are
amortized over the period in which the related revenues are earned.
The components of deferred acquisition costs and the related amortization expense as of and for the years ended December 31,
2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, are comprised as follows:
(in thousands)
Balance at January 1, net
Additions
Amortization
Balance at December 31, net
NOTE 10 GOODWILL
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
13,609
$
12,143
$
12,197
27,864
(28,428)
13,045
$
29,288
(27,822)
13,609
26,307
(26,361)
12,143
$
$
Goodwill was $80.1 million and $71.1 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and is attributable to the Extended
Warranty and Leased Real Estate reportable segments. As further discussed in Note 4, "Acquisitions," the Company recorded
goodwill of $9.0 million related to the acquisition of PWSC on October 12, 2017. The Company intends to finalize during 2018
its fair value analysis of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the acquisition of PWSC. The estimates, allocations
and calculations recorded at December 31, 2017 are subject to change as we obtain further information; therefore, the final fair
market values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed may not agree with the estimates included in the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually as of December 31, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the
carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company tested goodwill for recoverability at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
Based on the assessment performed, no goodwill impairments were recognized in 2017, 2016 or 2015.
NOTE 11 INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets are comprised as follows:
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
Intangible assets subject to amortization
Database
Vehicle service agreements in-force
Customer relationships
In-place lease
Contract-based revenues
Intangible assets not subject to amortization
Tenant relationship
Insurance licenses
Trade name
Total
4,918
3,680
3,611
1,125
731
73,667
7,553
663
95,948
$
$
2,521
3,640
1,965
92
115
—
—
—
8,333
$
$
2,397
40
1,646
1,033
616
73,667
7,553
663
87,615
$
$
83
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands)
December 31, 2016
Intangible assets subject to amortization
Database
Vehicle service agreements in-force
Customer relationships
In-place lease
Contract-based revenues
Intangible assets not subject to amortization
Tenant relationship
Insurance licenses
Trade name
Total
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
$
$
4,918
3,680
3,611
1,125
731
73,667
7,803
663
96,198
$
$
2,029
3,554
1,521
29
48
—
—
—
—
7,181
$
$
2,889
126
2,090
1,096
683
73,667
7,803
663
89,017
As further discussed in Note 4, "Acquisitions," during 2016, the Company recorded $74.8 million of separately identifiable
intangible assets related to in-place lease and tenant relationship, as part of the acquisition of CMC. The in-place lease intangible
asset of $1.1 million is being amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of approximately 18 years, which is
based on the term of the existing operating lease. The tenant relationship intangible asset of $73.7 million relates to a single long-
term tenant relationship. The Company has determined that there are no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or
other factors limiting the useful life of the tenant relationship; therefore, the tenant relationship intangible asset is deemed to have
an indefinite useful life and is not amortized.
As further discussed in Note 4, "Acquisitions," during the second quarter of 2016, the Company recorded $0.7 million of separately
identifiable intangible assets for contract-based management fee and promote fee revenues as part of the acquisition of Argo. The
contract-based management fee revenue intangible asset is being amortized over nine years. The contract-based promote fee
revenue intangible asset is being amortized over a three-year period beginning in 2022. The amortization periods for the contract-
based revenues intangible assets are based on the patterns in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are expected to
be consumed.
The Company's other intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized either based on the patterns in which the economic
benefits of the intangible assets are expected to be consumed or using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives,
which range from seven to fifteen years. Amortization of intangible assets was $1.2 million, $1.2 million and $1.2 million for the
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The estimated aggregate future amortization expense of all intangible
assets is $1.1 million for 2018, $0.9 million for 2019, $0.8 million for 2020, $0.8 million for 2021 and $0.8 million for 2022.
The tenant relationship, insurance licenses and trade name intangible assets have indefinite useful lives and are not amortized. All
intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are reviewed annually by the Company for impairment. During 2017, the Company
recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million related to its insurance licenses indefinite lived intangible asset. The impairment
recorded was the result of Mendota and Mendakota surrendering their insurance licenses in the state of New Mexico during the
first quarter of 2017. No impairment charges were taken on intangible assets in 2016 or 2015.
84
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 12 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are comprised as follows:
(in thousands)
Land
Site improvements
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and equipment
Computer hardware
Total
(in thousands)
Land
Site improvements
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and equipment
Computer hardware
Total
$
$
$
Cost
21,371
91,308
968
522
2,281
5,380
121,830
Cost
23,355
91,308
5,533
540
2,149
4,679
$
127,564
Accumulated
Depreciation
—
$
6,028
53
433
2,155
4,931
13,600
$
Accumulated
Depreciation
—
$
1,894
1,828
392
1,952
4,537
$
10,603
December 31, 2017
Carrying
Value
$
$
21,371
85,280
915
89
126
449
108,230
December 31, 2016
Carrying
Value
$
23,355
89,414
3,705
148
197
142
$
116,961
For the year ended December 31, 2017, depreciation expense on property and equipment of $4.4 million and zero is included in
general and administrative expenses and loss and loss adjustment expenses, respectively, in the consolidated statements of
operations. For the year ended December 31, 2016, depreciation expense on property and equipment of $2.3 million and $0.2
million is included in general and administrative expenses and loss and loss adjustment expenses, respectively, in the consolidated
statements of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2015, depreciation expense on property and equipment of $0.4 million
and $0.2 million is included in general and administrative expenses and loss and loss adjustment expenses, respectively, in the
consolidated statements of operations.
85
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 13 UNPAID LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
The establishment of the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses is based on known facts and interpretation of
circumstances and is, therefore, a complex and dynamic process influenced by a large variety of factors. These factors include
the Company's experience with similar cases and historical trends involving loss payment patterns, pending levels of unpaid loss
and loss adjustment expenses, product mix or concentration, loss severity and loss frequency patterns.
Other factors include the continually evolving and changing regulatory and legal environment; actuarial studies; professional
experience and expertise of the Company's claims departments' personnel and independent adjusters retained to handle individual
claims; the quality of the data used for projection purposes; existing claims management practices including claims-handling and
settlement practices; the effect of inflationary trends on future loss settlement costs; court decisions; economic conditions; and
public attitudes.
Consequently, the process of determining the provision for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses necessarily involves risks
that the actual loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred by the Company will deviate, perhaps materially, from the estimates
recorded.
The Company's evaluation of the adequacy of unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses includes a re-estimation of the liability
for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses relating to each preceding financial year compared to the liability that was previously
established.
(a) Property and Casualty
The results of this comparison and the changes in the provision for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses,
net of amounts recoverable from reinsurers, as of December 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:
(in thousands)
December 31,
Balance at beginning of period, gross
$
53,795
$
55,471
$
2017
2016
Less reinsurance recoverable related to property and casualty
unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Balance at beginning of period, net
Incurred related to:
Current year
Prior years
Paid related to:
Current year
Prior years
Balance at end of period, net
681
53,114
100,097
20,694
(57,983)
(52,444)
63,478
1,207
54,264
96,289
8,095
(62,978)
(42,556)
53,114
Plus reinsurance recoverable related to property and casualty unpaid
loss and loss adjustment expenses
Balance at end of period, gross
174
63,652
$
681
53,795
$
$
2015
63,895
3,203
60,692
86,439
616
(54,415)
(39,068)
54,264
1,207
55,471
The Company reported unfavorable development on property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses of $20.7
million, $8.1 million and $0.6 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The unfavorable development in 2017 was primarily
related to the increase in property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota. The unfavorable development
in 2016 was primarily related to the increase in property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota and
MCC, offset by a decrease in property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses due to the continuing voluntary run-
off of Amigo. The unfavorable development in 2015 was primarily related to the increase in property and casualty unpaid loss
and loss adjustment expenses at Mendota, offset by a decrease in property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
due to the continuing voluntary run-offs of Amigo and MCC. Original estimates are increased or decreased as additional information
becomes known regarding individual claims.
86
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables contain information about property and casualty incurred and paid loss and loss adjustment expenses
development as of and for the year December 31, 2017, net of reinsurance, as well as cumulative claim frequency and the total of
IBNR liabilities, including expected development on reported property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
included within the net incurred losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses amounts. The information about property and
casualty incurred and paid loss and loss adjustment expenses development for the years ended December 31, 2008 through 2016,
and the average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age as of December 31, 2017, is presented as supplementary
information.
Non-standard automobile insurance
(in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
For the Years Ended December 31,
Accident
Year
2008
Unaudited
2009
Unaudited
2010
Unaudited
2011
Unaudited
2012
Unaudited
2013
Unaudited
2014
Unaudited
2015
Unaudited
2016
Unaudited
2017
As of December 31,
2017
Total of
IBNR Plus
Expected
Development
on Reported
Losses
Cumulative
Number of
Reported
Claims
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Total
169,011
178,901
186,086
188,375
190,835
190,575
190,121
190,144
190,262
190,128
182,829
184,499
184,989
186,769
186,685
185,966
185,723
185,558
185,508
167,682
173,657
176,234
175,753
174,915
174,598
174,202
174,053
106,834
106,744
104,898
102,695
102,280
101,876
101,900
63,333
63,131
63,739
64,666
65,025
65,453
69,501
70,801
69,661
70,168
70,336
74,320
76,676
78,463
79,409
74,431
79,818
83,145
83,835
97,647
1,039
6,267
29,795
17,971
(3,165)
25,640
351
1,695
5,326
89,385
14,834
1,136,964
39
34
35
25
24
34
32
34
35
31
87
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Non-standard automobile insurance
(in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
For the Years Ended December 31,
Accident
Year
2008
Unaudited
2009
Unaudited
2010
Unaudited
2011
Unaudited
2012
Unaudited
2013
Unaudited
2014
Unaudited
2015
Unaudited
2016
Unaudited
2017
105,842
156,504
103,882
175,729
157,090
95,490
183,505
172,990
148,631
63,908
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
185,724
176,305
161,756
90,303
34,045
188,974
183,064
169,129
97,368
54,040
39,983
189,505
184,807
172,291
99,846
60,637
61,082
44,897
189,767
185,175
173,449
101,088
62,991
65,915
67,964
44,828
189,948
185,315
173,661
101,421
64,007
69,021
74,954
71,048
52,687
190,032
185,406
173,768
101,629
65,309
70,110
77,877
79,314
84,988
50,339
Total
1,078,772
Liabilities for non-standard automobile unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses prior to 2008, net of reinsurance
Total liabilities for non-standard automobile unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance
39
58,231
The following table reconciles the non-standard automobile unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance presented
in the tables above to the property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses reported in the consolidated balance
sheet at December 31, 2017 and 2016:
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Liabilities for property and casualty loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance
Non-standard automobile
Commercial automobile and other
Total
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
Non-standard automobile
Commercial automobile and other
Total
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses
Total gross liability for property and casualty unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses
58,231
1,347
59,578
166
8
174
3,900
63,652
The following is supplementary information about average historical incurred loss duration as of December 31, 2017.
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Losses by Age, Net of Reinsurance (Unaudited)
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9
Year 10
Non-standard automobile
68.2% 19.8%
7.5%
2.8%
0.9%
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%
—%
—%
88
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) Vehicle Service Agreements
The results of the comparison and the changes in the provision for vehicle service agreement unpaid loss and loss adjustment
expenses as of December 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:
(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
Incurred related to:
Current year
Prior years
Paid related to:
Current year
Prior years
Balance at end of period
NOTE 14 DEBT
Debt consists of the following instruments:
2017
2,915
5,191
—
2016
$
2,975
$
5,225
—
(5,377)
50
2,779
$
(5,321)
36
2,915
$
$
$
December 31,
2015
2,975
5,757
—
(5,757)
—
2,975
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Note payable
Bank loan
Subordinated debt
Total
$
$
$
Principal Carrying Value
186,469
176,136
4,917
4,917
52,105
90,500
243,491
271,553
$
Fair Value
168,477
4,864
52,105
225,446
$
$
$
$
$
Principal Carrying Value
190,074
178,781
—
—
43,619
90,500
233,693
269,281
$
Fair Value
190,074
—
43,619
233,693
$
$
Subordinated debt mentioned above consists of the following trust preferred debt instruments:
Issuer
Principal
(in thousands)
Issue date
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust I
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust II
Kingsway CT Statutory Trust III
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust III
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust IV
Kingsway DE Statutory Trust VI
(a) Note payable:
$
$
$
$
$
$
15,000
12/4/2002
17,500
5/15/2003
20,000
10/29/2003
15,000
5/22/2003
10,000
9/30/2003
13,000
1/8/2004
Interest
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 4.00% payable quarterly
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 4.10% payable quarterly
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 3.95% payable quarterly
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 4.20% payable quarterly
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 3.85% payable quarterly
annual interest rate equal to LIBOR,
plus 4.00% payable quarterly
Redemption date
12/4/2032
5/15/2033
10/29/2033
5/22/2033
9/30/2033
1/8/2034
As further discussed in Note 4, "Acquisitions," as part of the acquisition of CMC, the Mortgage, which is recorded as note payable
in the consolidated balance sheets, was recorded at its estimated fair value of $191.7 million, which included the unpaid principal
amount of $180.0 million as of the date of acquisition plus a premium of $11.7 million. The Mortgage matures on May 15, 2034
and has a fixed interest rate of 4.07%. The Mortgage is carried in the consolidated balance sheets at its amortized cost, which
reflects the monthly pay-down of principal as well as the amortization of the premium using the effective interest rate method.
The fair value of the Mortgage disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of A-rated industrial bonds with
similar maturities.
89
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b) Bank loan:
On October 12, 2017, the Company borrowed a principal amount of $5.0 million from a bank at a fixed interest rate of 5.0%. The
bank loan matures on October 12, 2022. The carrying value of the bank loan at December 31, 2017 of $4.9 million represents its
unpaid principal balance. The fair value of the bank loan disclosed in the table above is derived from quoted market prices of B
and B minus rated industrial bonds with similar maturities.
(c) Subordinated debt:
Between December 4, 2002 and December 16, 2003, six subsidiary trusts of the Company issued $90.5 million of 30-year capital
securities to third-parties in separate private transactions. In each instance, a corresponding floating rate junior subordinated
deferrable interest debenture was then issued by KAI to the trust in exchange for the proceeds from the private sale. The floating
rate debentures bear interest at the rate of the London interbank offered interest rate for three-month U.S. dollar deposits ("LIBOR"),
plus spreads ranging from 3.85% to 4.20%. At December 31, 2017, the interest rates ranged from 5.33% to 5.68%. The Company
has the right to call each of these securities at par value any time after five years from their issuance until their maturity.
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company gave notice to its Trust Preferred trustees of its intention to exercise its voluntary
right to defer interest payments for up to 20 quarters, pursuant to the contractual terms of its outstanding Trust Preferred indentures,
which permit interest deferral. This action does not constitute a default under the Company's Trust Preferred indentures or any of
its other debt indentures. On November 6, 2015, the Company paid $22.1 million to its Trust Preferred trustees to be used by the
trustees to pay the interest the Company had been deferring since the first quarter of 2011.
NOTE 15 FINANCE LEASE OBLIGATION LIABILITY
On October 2, 2014, the Company completed a sale and leaseback transaction involving building and land located in Miami,
Florida, which was previously recorded as asset held for sale. The transaction did not qualify for sales recognition and was
accounted for as a financing due to the Company's continuing involvement with the property as a result of nonrecourse financing
provided to the buyer in the form of prepaid rent. A finance lease obligation liability equal to the selling price of the property was
established at the date of the transaction. During the lease term, the Company recorded interest expense on the finance lease
obligation at its incremental borrowing rate and increased the finance lease obligation liability by the same amount.
During the second quarter of 2017, the Company was informed of the landlord's intent to terminate the lease agreement effective
October 10, 2017. The Company had the option to vacate the property and effectively terminate the lease earlier than October 10,
2017. As a result of terminating the lease, the Company no longer has continuing involvement with the property and has recognized
the sale of the property as well as the related gain of $0.7 million. The gain results primarily from removing the carrying values
of the land, building and finance lease obligation liability from the consolidated balance sheets and from the return of part of the
original prepaid rent. The gain is included in other income in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended
December 31, 2017. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, finance lease obligation liability of zero and $5.1 million, respectively, is
included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the carrying
value of the land and building of zero and $4.8 million, respectively, is included in property and equipment in the consolidated
balance sheets.
NOTE 16 LEASES
As further discussed in Note 4, "Acquisitions," the Company owns Real Property that is subject to a long-term triple net lease
agreement with a third party. The lease provides for future rent escalations and renewal options. The initial lease term ends in
May 2034. The lessee bears the cost of maintenance and property taxes. In addition, the Company leases a property to a third
party under an operating lease, where we are the lessor. Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis,
based on contractual lease terms with fixed and determinable increases over the non-cancellable term of the related lease when
collectability is reasonably assured. Rental income includes amortization of below market lease liabilities of $0.1 million $0.0
million and zero for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The estimated aggregate future amortization of below
market lease liabilities is $0.1 million for 2018, $0.1 million for 2019, $0.1 million for 2020, $0.1 million for 2021 and $0.1 million
for 2022.
90
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Assets, which are included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets, leased to third parties under operating
leases where the Company is the lessor, are as follows:
(in thousands)
Land
Site improvements
Buildings
Gross property and equipment leased
Accumulation depreciation
Net property and equipment leased
As of December 31,
2017
$
$
21,183
91,308
811
113,302
(6,068)
107,234
The Company also leases certain office space under non-cancelable leases, with initial terms typically ranging from two to eight
years, along with options that permit renewals for additional periods. The Company also leases certain equipment and automobiles
under non-cancelable operating leases, with initial terms typically ranging from three to five years. Minimum rent is expensed
on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Future minimum annual lease payments and lease receipts under operating leases for the next five years and thereafter are:
(in thousands)
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
NOTE 17 INCOME TAXES
$
Lease Commitments
1,496
$
1,215
525
422
424
234
Lease Receipts
11,331
11,572
11,832
12,099
12,371
162,546
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes
to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) a permanent reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21%
and (2) eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax ("AMT") and changing how existing AMT credits can be realized.
The Company is subject to the provisions of the ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which requires that the effect on deferred income tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates be recognized in the period the tax rate change was enacted. In December of 2017,
the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 ("SAB 118"), which provides that companies that have not completed their
accounting for the effects of the Tax Act but can determine a reasonable estimate of those effects should include a provisional
amount based on their reasonable estimate in their financial statements.
Pursuant to SAB 118, the Company recorded provisional amounts for the estimated income tax effects of the Tax Act on deferred
income taxes. The Company estimates that (1) the reduction in the corporate income tax rate decreased its net deferred income
tax liability as of December 31, 2017 by $18.9 million and (2) the change in the AMT credit rules allowed the Company to reduce
its valuation allowance against its gross deferred income tax assets by $0.1 million, for a combined Tax Act total of $19.0 million.
The $19.0 million Tax Act amount was recorded as a decrease to income tax expense in the Company’s consolidated statements
of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017. In addition, as result of the reduction in the corporate income tax rate, the
Company provisionally reduced its December 31, 2017 net deferred income tax asset balance and the related net deferred income
tax valuation allowance by $108.2 million, the net effect of which had no impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of
operations for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Although the $19.0 million tax benefit represents what the Company believes is a reasonable estimate of the impact of the income
tax effects of the Tax Act on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2017, it should be considered
provisional. In light of the complexity of the Tax Act, the Company anticipates additional interpretive guidance from the U.S.
Treasury. In addition, once the KAI Tax Group finalizes certain tax positions when it files its 2017 U.S. tax return, the Company
will be able to conclude whether any further adjustments are required to its deferred income tax balances. Any adjustments to these
91
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
provisional amounts will be reported as a component of the consolidated statements of operations during the reporting period in
which any such adjustments are determined, all of which will be reported no later than the fourth quarter of 2018.
Income tax (benefit) expense consists of the following:
(in thousands)
Current income tax expense
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
2017
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
$
628
(18,389)
(17,761)
$
$
87
(9,807)
(9,720)
$
$
6
87
93
Income tax (benefit) expense varies from the amount that would result by applying the applicable U.S. corporate income tax rate
of 34% to loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense. The following table summarizes the differences:
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
(3,849)
(3,554)
—
—
(6,743)
1,033
88
108
—
51
273
345
223
145
2,384
—
(415)
—
(72)
356
(9,720)
93
$
(in thousands)
Income tax benefit at U.S. statutory income tax rate
Tax Act adjustment
Valuation allowance
Indefinite life intangibles
Change in unrecognized tax benefits
Non-deductible compensation
Foreign operations subject to different tax rates
Deconsolidation of subsidiary
Non-taxable dividend income
Other
Income tax (benefit) expense for continuing operations
2017
(10,001)
(19,022)
9,092
1,071
490
403
32
—
—
174
(17,761)
$
$
$
$
92
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities are
presented as follows:
(in thousands)
Deferred income tax assets:
Losses carried forward
Unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses and unearned premiums
Intangible assets
Debt issuance costs
Investments
Deferred rent
Deferred revenue
Other
Valuation allowance
Deferred income tax assets
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Indefinite life intangibles
Depreciation and amortization
Fair value of debt
Land
Investments
Deferred acquisition costs
Deferred income tax liabilities
Net deferred income tax liabilities
$
$
$
$
2017
193,498
3,391
2,490
988
842
807
394
461
(181,222)
21,649
(18,005)
(16,916)
(5,894)
(4,435)
(3,991)
(2,739)
(51,980)
(30,331)
December 31,
2016
301,339
5,609
1,135
1,621
1,828
1,395
385
1,134
(276,590)
37,856
(28,079)
(28,620)
(12,100)
(7,181)
(5,969)
(4,627)
(86,576)
(48,720)
$
$
$
$
The Company maintains a valuation allowance for its gross deferred income tax assets of $181.2 million (U.S. operations - $174.8
million; Other - $6.4 million) and $276.6 million (U.S. operations - $269.7 million; Other - $6.9 million) at December 31, 2017
and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company's businesses have generated substantial operating losses in prior years. These
losses can be available to reduce income taxes that might otherwise be incurred on future taxable income; however, it is uncertain
whether the Company will generate the taxable income necessary to utilize these losses or other reversing temporary differences.
This uncertainty has caused management to place a full valuation allowance on its December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016
net deferred income tax assets, excluding the deferred income tax liability and deferred income tax assets relating to AMT credit
amounts set forth in the paragraph below. In 2017 and 2016, the Company released into income $0.4 million and $9.9 million,
respectively, of its valuation allowance, as a result of its acquisition of CMC, due to net deferred income tax liabilities that are
expected to reverse during the period in which the Company will have deferred income tax assets available.
The Company carries net deferred income tax liabilities of $30.3 million at December 31, 2017, $8.0 million of which relates to
deferred income tax liabilities that are scheduled to reverse in periods after the expiration of the KAI Tax Group's consolidated
U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, $22.4 million of which relates to deferred income tax liabilities related to land and indefinite
life intangible assets, and $0.1 million of which relates to deferred income tax assets relating to AMT credits. The Company carries
net deferred income tax liabilities of $48.7 million at December 31, 2016, $13.4 million of which relates to deferred income tax
liabilities that are scheduled to reverse in periods after the expiration of the KAI Tax Group's consolidated U.S. net operating loss
carryfowards and $35.3 million of which relates to deferred income tax liabilities related to land and indefinite life intangible
assets. The Company considered a tax planning strategy in arriving at its December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 net deferred
income tax liabilities.
The Tax Act modified the U.S. net operating loss deduction, effective with respect to losses arising in tax years beginning after
December 31, 2017. The Tax Act, however, did not limit the utilization, in 2018 and later tax years, of U.S. net operating losses
generated in 2017 and prior tax years.
93
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Amounts, originating dates and expiration dates of the KAI Tax Group's consolidated U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, totaling
$882.4 million, are as follows:
Year of net operating loss
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2016
2017
Expiration date
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2036
2037
Net operating loss
(in thousands)
8,321
62,308
53,895
512,499
92,058
45,238
33,756
30,780
7,245
17,389
18,897
In addition, not reflected in the table above, are net operating loss carryforwards of (i) $6.5 million relating to separate U.S. tax
returns, which losses will expire over various years through 2037; (ii) $25.7 million, relating to operations in Barbados, of which,
$24.2 million will expire in 2018 and $1.5 million will expire over various years through 2026; and (iii) $24.1 million relating to
operations in Canada, which losses will expire over various years through 2037.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits, exclusive of interest and penalties, is as follows:
(in thousands)
December 31,
Unrecognized tax benefits - beginning of year
Gross additions - current year tax positions
Gross additions - prior year tax positions
Gross reductions - prior year tax positions
Gross reductions - settlements with taxing authorities
Impact due to expiration of statute of limitations
Unrecognized tax benefits - end of year
$
$
2017
1,274
—
93
—
—
—
1,367
$
$
2016
—
—
1,274
—
—
—
1,274
$
$
2015
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 would affect the Company's
effective tax rate, was an expense of $0.5 million, $0.1 million and zero, respectively.
As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company carried a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $1.4 million
and $1.3 million, respectfully, that is included in income taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies
interest and penalty accruals, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. During the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized an expense for interest and penalties of $0.5 million, $0.1 million
and zero, respectively. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company carried an accrual for the payment of interest
and penalties of $0.9 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
The federal income tax returns of the Company's U.S. operations for the years through 2013 are closed for Internal Revenue Service
("IRS") examination. The Company's federal income tax returns are not currently under examination by the IRS for any open tax
years. The federal income tax returns of the Company's Canadian operations for the years through 2012 are closed for Canada
Revenue Agency ("CRA") examination. Kingsway's 2015 and 2014 Canadian federal income tax returns are currently under
examination by the CRA. No material audit adjustments have been proposed by the CRA.
94
NOTE 18 LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS PER SHARE
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of numerators and denominators for the basic and diluted loss from continuing
operations per share computation for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
(in thousands, except per share data)
Numerator:
Loss from continuing operations
(Less) plus: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Less: dividends on preferred stock, net of tax
Loss from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders
Denominator:
Weighted average basic shares
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Weighted average diluted shares
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Effect of potentially dilutive securities
Total weighted average diluted shares
Basic loss from continuing operations per common share
Diluted loss from continuing operations per common share
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
(11,655)
(4,337)
(350)
$
(733)
281
(565)
(11,415)
(162)
(394)
(16,342)
$
(1,017)
$
(11,971)
21,547
20,003
19,710
21,547
—
21,547
20,003
—
20,003
(0.76)
(0.76)
$
$
(0.05)
(0.05)
$
$
19,710
—
19,710
(0.61)
(0.61)
$
$
$
$
Basic loss from continuing operations per share is calculated using weighted-average common shares outstanding. Diluted loss
from continuing operations per share is calculated using weighted-average diluted shares. Weighted-average diluted shares is
calculated by adding the effect of potentially dilutive securities to weighted-average common shares outstanding. Potentially
dilutive securities consist of stock options, unvested restricted stock awards, unvested restricted stock units, warrants and convertible
preferred stock. Because the Company is reporting a loss from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2017,
2016 and 2015, all potentially dilutive securities outstanding were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss from continuing
operations per share since their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
NOTE 19 STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
(a)
Stock Options
On May 13, 2013, the Company's shareholders approved the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan ("2013 Plan"). The 2013 Plan replaced
the Company's previous Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan ("Prior Plan"), with respect to the granting of future equity
awards. Under the 2013 Plan, the Company reserved for issuance to key employees selected by the Company new stock options
("New Stock Options") to purchase up to an additional 300,000 common shares. No New Stock Options were granted during the
year ended December 31, 2017. There are no New Stock Options remaining for future grants.
On May 13, 2013, the Company's shareholders also approved the Option Exchange Program whereby the outstanding stock options
under the Prior Plan held by current employees will be canceled and replaced with stock options granted under the 2013 Plan
("Replacement Options"). The maximum number of common shares available to be granted as Replacement Options is 355,625.
No Replacement Options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2017. There are no Replacement Options remaining
for future grants.
The Replacement Options and New Stock Options (collectively, the "Stock Options") are fully vested and exercisable at the date
of grant and are exercisable for a period of four years.
95
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2017:
Number of
Options
Outstanding
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2016
651,875
$
Granted
Exercised
Expired or Forfeited
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
Exercisable at December 31, 2017
—
—
—
651,875
651,875
$
$
4.51
—
—
—
4.51
4.51
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)
1.4
$
1,134
0.4
0.4
$
$
352
352
The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and exercisable is the difference between the December 31, 2017 market
price for the Company's common shares and the exercise price of the options, multiplied by the number of options where the fair
value exceeds the exercise price.
At December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the number of options exercisable was 651,875, 651,875 and 611,875, respectively, with
weighted average prices of $4.51, $4.51 and $4.50, respectively. No options were exercised during the years ended December 31,
2017, 2016 and 2015.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of each option on the date of grant. No
options were granted during the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2015. The assumptions used in the Black-
Scholes pricing model for options granted during the year ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:
Risk-free interest rate
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
Expected term (in years)
(b)
Restricted Stock Awards
Year ended December 31, 2016
1.1%
—
0.5%
4.0
Under the 2013 Plan, the Company made grants of restricted common stock awards ("Restricted Stock Awards") to certain officers
of the Company on March 28, 2014. The Restricted Stock Awards shall become fully vested and the restriction period shall lapse
as of March 28, 2024 subject to the officers' continued employment through the vesting date. The Restricted Stock Awards are
amortized on a straight-line basis over the ten-year requisite service period. Total unamortized compensation expense related to
unvested Restricted Stock Awards at December 31, 2017 was $5.0 million. The grant-date fair value of Restricted Stock Awards
was determined using the closing price of Kingsway common stock on the date of grant. The following table summarizes the
activity related to unvested Restricted Stock Awards during the year ended December 31, 2017:
Unvested at December 31, 2016
Granted
Forfeited
Unvested at December 31, 2017
Number of Restricted
Stock Awards
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value
(per Share)
1,952,665
$
—
—
1,952,665
$
4.14
—
—
4.14
96
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(c)
Restricted Stock Units
The Company granted restricted common stock units ("Restricted Stock Units") to an officer of the Company pursuant to a Restricted
Stock Unit Agreement dated August 24, 2016. Each Restricted Stock Unit represents a right to receive one common share on the
vesting date. The Restricted Stock Units shall become fully vested and the restriction period shall lapse as of March 28, 2024
subject to the officer's continued employment through the vesting date. The Restricted Stock Units are amortized on a straight-
line basis over the requisite service period. Total unamortized compensation expense related to unvested Restricted Stock Units
at December 31, 2017 was $2.4 million. The grant-date fair value of the Restricted Stock Units was determined using the closing
price of Kingsway common stock on the date of grant. The following table summarizes the activity related to unvested Restricted
Stock Units for the year ended December 31, 2017:
Unvested at December 31, 2016
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Unvested at December 31, 2017
Number of Restricted
Stock Units
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair Value
(per Share)
500,000
$
—
—
—
500,000
$
5.73
—
—
—
5.73
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, was $1.2 million, $1.0 million and $0.8 million for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(d)
Employee Share Purchase Plan
The Company has an employee share purchase plan ("ESPP Plan") whereby qualifying employees could choose each year to have
up to 5% of their annual base earnings withheld to purchase the Company's common shares. After one year of employment, the
Company matches 100% of the employee contribution amount, and the contributions vest immediately. All contributions are used
by the plan administrator to purchase common shares in the open market. The Company's contribution is expensed as paid and
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 totaled $0.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
NOTE 20 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company maintains a defined contribution plan in the United States for all of its qualified employees. Qualifying employees
can choose to voluntarily contribute up to 60% of their annual earnings subject to an overall limitation of $18,000 in each of 2017
and 2016. The Company matches an amount equal to 50% of each participant's contribution, limited to contributions up to 5%
of a participant's earnings.
The contributions for the plan vest based on years of service with 100% vesting after five years of service. The Company's
contribution is expensed as paid and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 totaled $0.3 million, $0.3 million
and $0.3 million, respectively. All Company obligations to the plans were fully funded as of December 31, 2017.
NOTE 21 CLASS A PREFERRED STOCK
On May 13, 2013, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the Company's Articles of Incorporation to create an
unlimited number of zero par value class A preferred shares. The Company's Board of Directors will have the ability to fix the
designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the shares of each series of preferred shares. The preferred
shares will have priority over the common shares.
There were 222,876 and 262,876 shares of Class A preferred stock ("Preferred Shares") outstanding at December 31, 2017 and
2016, respectively. Each Preferred Share is convertible into 6.25 common shares at a conversion price of $4.00 per common share
any time at the option of the holder prior to April 1, 2021. As of December 31, 2017, the maximum number of common shares
issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Shares is 1,392,975 common shares.
During 2017, 40,000 Preferred Shares were converted into 250,000 common shares at the conversion price of $4.00 per common
share, or $1.0 million, at the option of the holders. As a result, $1.0 million was reclassified from Class A preferred stock to
Shareholders' Equity on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017.
97
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Preferred Shares are not entitled to vote. The holders of the Preferred Shares are entitled to receive fixed, cumulative,
preferential cash dividends at a rate of $1.25 per Preferred Share per year. The cash dividend rate shall be revised to $1.875 per
Preferred Share per year if the dividend accumulates for a period greater than 30 consecutive months from the date of the most
recent dividend payment. On and after February 3, 2016, the Company may redeem all or any part of the then outstanding Preferred
Shares for the price of $28.75 per Preferred Share, plus accrued but unpaid dividends thereon, whether or not declared, up to and
including the date specified for redemption. The Company will redeem any Preferred Shares not previously converted into common
shares, and which remain outstanding on April 1, 2021, for the price of $25.00 per Preferred Share, plus accrued but unpaid
dividends, whether or not declared, up to and including the date specified for redemption. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, accrued
dividends of $1.3 million and 1.0 million were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 480-10-S99-3A, SEC Staff Announcement: Classification and Measurement of Redeemable
Securities, redemption features not solely within the control of the issuer are required to be presented outside of permanent equity
on the consolidated balance sheets. As described above, the holder has the option to convert the Preferred Shares at any time;
however, if not converted, they are required to be redeemed on April 1, 2021. As such, the Preferred Shares are presented in
temporary or mezzanine equity on the consolidated balance sheets and will be accreted up to the stated redemption value of $5.6
million through the April 1, 2021 redemption date.
NOTE 22 SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of zero par value common stock. There were 21,708,190 and 21,458,190
shares of common stock outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
There were no dividends declared during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
In November 2015, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company was
authorized to repurchase up to 5% of its currently issued and outstanding common stock through November 2016. During the
year ended December 31, 2016, the Company repurchased 26,900 shares for an aggregate purchase price of $0.1 million, including
fees and commissions, under its share repurchase program. All repurchased common stock was cancelled. The timing and amount
of any share repurchases are determined based on market conditions, share price and other factors, and the program may be
discontinued or suspended at any time.
During the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company identified an item in its accumulated other comprehensive income balance related
to a subsidiary that was deconsolidated in 2015. The immaterial error from the 2015 deconsolidation of subsidiary resulted from
an entry that was recorded against accumulated other comprehensive income instead of accumulated deficit at the time the
accounting for the deconsolidation occurred. The recording of this immaterial error resulted in a reduction to accumulated other
comprehensive income and an increase to accumulated deficit of approximately $0.8 million, which has been reflected as a
correction of prior period error for the year ended December 31, 2015 in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity.
On April 21, 2016, the Company issued 160,000 shares of common stock as consideration for the acquisition of Argo. Refer to
Note 4, "Acquisitions," for further details regarding the Argo acquisition.
On November 16, 2016, the Company closed with non-affiliate investors a private placement of 1,615,384 shares of common
stock at a purchase price of $6.50 per share with net proceeds to the Company of $10.5 million.
As described in Note 21, "Class A Preferred Stock", during 2017, 40,000 Preferred Shares were converted into 250,000 common
shares. As a result, $1.0 million was reclassified from Class A preferred stock to Shareholders' Equity on the consolidated balance
sheet at December 31, 2017.
The following table summarizes information about warrants outstanding at December 31, 2017:
Exercise Price
5.00
$
5.00
$
Date of Issue
16-Sep-13
3-Feb-14
Expiry Date
15-Sep-23
15-Sep-23
Total:
Remaining Contractual
Life (in years)
5.7
5.7
5.7
December 31, 2017
Number
Outstanding
3,280,790
1,642,975
4,923,765
98
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 23 ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The table below details the change in the balance of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 as relates to shareholders' equity attributable to common shareholders on the
consolidated balance sheets. On the other hand, the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income present the components
of other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, only for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 and inclusive of
the components attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries.
(in thousands)
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Fixed
Maturities and
Equity
Investments
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
Total
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Balance, January 1, 2015
$
3,580
$
(5,952) $
(2,372)
Correction of prior period error
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
loss
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income
(744)
(2,884)
1,342
(2,286)
—
929
1,243
2,172
(744)
(1,955)
2,585
(114)
Balance, December 31, 2015
$
1,294
$
(3,780) $
(2,486)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
loss
Net current-period other comprehensive income
2,772
(494)
2,278
—
—
—
2,772
(494)
2,278
Balance, December 31, 2016
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
loss
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance, December 31, 2017
$
$
$
3,572
$
(3,780) $
(208)
(5,214)
1,076
(4,138) $
—
494
494
$
(5,214)
1,570
(3,644)
(566) $
(3,286) $
(3,852)
99
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were reclassified to the following lines of the consolidated statements of
operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
(in thousands)
Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive income from unrealized
(losses) gains on fixed maturities and equity investments to:
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net (loss) income
Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive loss from foreign
currency translation adjustments to:
Loss on liquidation of subsidiary, net of taxes
Loss on deconsolidation of subsidiary
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net (loss) income
Total reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net (loss)
income
NOTE 24 SEGMENTED INFORMATION
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
$
(760)
(316)
(1,076)
—
(1,076)
$
527
(33)
494
—
494
(1,332)
(10)
(1,342)
—
(1,342)
(494)
—
(494)
—
(494)
—
—
—
—
—
—
(1,243)
(1,243)
—
(1,243)
$
(1,570)
$
494
$
(2,585)
The Company conducts its business through the following three reportable segments: Insurance Underwriting, Extended Warranty
(formerly Insurance Services) and Leased Real Estate.
Insurance Underwriting Segment
Insurance Underwriting includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: Mendota, Mendakota, MCC, Amigo and Kingsway
Reinsurance Corporation (collectively, "Insurance Underwriting"). Insurance Underwriting principally offers personal automobile
insurance to drivers who do not meet the criteria for coverage by standard automobile insurers. Insurance Underwriting has
policyholders in 12 states; however, new business is accepted in only eight states.
The Company previously placed Amigo and MCC into voluntary run-off in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Each of Amigo and MCC
entered into a comprehensive run-off plan that was approved by its respective state of domicile. Kingsway continues to manage
Amigo and MCC in a manner consistent with the run-off plans. During the first quarter of 2015, MCC sent a letter of intent to
the Illinois Department of Insurance to resume writing private passenger automobile policies in the state of Illinois. MCC began
writing these policies on April 1, 2015.
Extended Warranty Segment
Extended Warranty includes the following subsidiaries of the Company: IWS, Trinity and PWSC (collectively, "Extended
Warranty"). Prior to the second quarter of 2017, Extended Warranty was referred to as Insurance Services.
IWS is a licensed motor vehicle service agreement company and is a provider of after-market vehicle protection services distributed
by credit unions in 23 states and the District of Columbia to their members.
Trinity sells warranty products and provides maintenance support to consumers and businesses in the HVAC, standby generator,
commercial LED lighting and refrigeration industries. Trinity distributes its warranty products through original equipment
manufacturers, HVAC distributors and commercial and residential contractors. Trinity distributes its maintenance support directly
through corporate owners of retail spaces throughout the United States.
100
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
PWSC sells new home warranty products and provides administration services to home builders and homeowners across the United
States. PWSC distributes its products and services through an in house sales team and through insurance brokers and insurance
carriers throughout all states except Alaska and Louisiana.
Effective April 1, 2015, the Company closed on the sale of its wholly owned subsidiary, ARS. As a result, ARS has been classified
as discontinued operations and the results of their operations are reported separately for all periods presented. Prior to the transaction,
ARS was included in the Extended Warranty segment. As a result of classifying ARS as a discontinued operation, all segmented
information has been restated to exclude ARS from the Extended Warranty segment.
Leased Real Estate Segment
Leased Real Estate includes the Company's subsidiary, CMC, which was acquired on July 14, 2016. CMC owns the Real Property
that is leased to a third party pursuant to a long-term triple net lease. The Real Property is also subject to the Mortgage. When
assessing and measuring the operational and financial performance of the Leased Real Estate segment, interest expense related to
the Mortgage is included in Leased Real Estate's segment operating income.
Revenues and Operating (Loss) Income by Reportable Segment
Results for the Company's reportable segments are based on the Company's internal financial reporting systems and are consistent
with those followed in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. The following tables provide financial data used
by management. Segment assets are not allocated for management use and, therefore, are not included in the segment disclosures
below.
Revenues by reportable segment reconciled to consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
were:
(in thousands)
Revenues:
Insurance Underwriting:
Net premiums earned
Other income
Total Insurance Underwriting
Extended Warranty:
Service fee and commission income
Other income
Total Extended Warranty
Leased Real Estate:
Rental income
Other income
Total Leased Real Estate
Total segment revenues
Rental income not allocated to segments
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Other income not allocated to segments
Total revenues
2017
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
130,443
$
127,608
$
117,433
9,901
140,344
31,909
191
32,100
13,364
493
13,857
186,301
20
2,669
3,771
(316)
749
10,272
137,880
8,937
126,370
24,232
283
24,515
5,419
50
5,469
22,966
368
23,334
—
—
—
167,864
149,704
17
8,244
360
(157)
302
—
2,955
1,197
(10)
6,120
$
193,194
$
176,630
$
159,966
101
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The operating (loss) income by reportable segment in the following table is before income taxes and includes revenues and direct
segment costs. Total segment operating loss reconciled to the consolidated loss from continuing operations for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were:
(in thousands)
Segment operating (loss) income
Insurance Underwriting
Extended Warranty
Leased Real Estate
Total segment operating loss
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Other-than-temporary impairment loss
Amortization of intangible assets
Contingent consideration benefit
Impairment of intangible assets
Interest expense not allocated to segments
Other income and expenses not allocated to segments, net
Foreign exchange losses, net
(Loss) gain on change in fair value of debt
Gain (loss) on deconsolidation of subsidiaries
Equity in net income (loss) of investees
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit)
expense
Income tax (benefit) expense
Loss from continuing operations
$
2017
(20,606)
3,957
3,099
(13,550)
2,669
3,771
(316)
(1,152)
212
(250)
(4,977)
(9,436)
(15)
(8,487)
—
2,115
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
(8,202)
506
627
(7,069)
8,244
360
(157)
(1,242)
657
—
(4,496)
(7,640)
(15)
(3,721)
5,643
(1,017)
(1,147)
(628)
—
(1,775)
2,955
1,197
(10)
(1,244)
1,139
—
(5,278)
(3,790)
(1,215)
1,458
(4,420)
(339)
(29,416)
(17,761)
(11,655)
$
(10,453)
(9,720)
(733)
$
(11,322)
93
(11,415)
$
$
Insurance Underwriting net premiums earned by line of business for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were:
(in thousands)
Insurance Underwriting:
Private passenger auto liability
Auto physical damage
Total net premiums earned
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
$
89,235
41,208
130,443
$
$
69,086
58,522
127,608
$
$
79,258
38,175
117,433
102
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 25 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair value amounts represent estimates of the consideration that would currently be agreed upon between knowledgeable, willing
parties who are under no compulsion to act. Fair value is best evidenced by quoted bid or ask price, as appropriate, in an active
market. Where bid or ask prices are not available, such as in an illiquid or inactive market, the closing price of the most recent
transaction of that instrument subject to appropriate adjustments as required is used. Where quoted market prices are not available,
the quoted prices of similar financial instruments or valuation models with observable market-based inputs are used to estimate
the fair value. These valuation models may use multiple observable market inputs, including observable interest rates, foreign
exchange rates, index levels, credit spreads, equity prices, counterparty credit quality, corresponding market volatility levels and
option volatilities. Minimal management judgment is required for fair values calculated using quoted market prices or observable
market inputs for models. Greater subjectivity is required when making valuation adjustments for financial instruments in inactive
markets or when using models where observable parameters do not exist. Also, the calculation of estimated fair value is based on
market conditions at a specific point in time and may not be reflective of future fair values. For the Company's financial instruments
carried at cost or amortized cost, the book value is not adjusted to reflect increases or decreases in fair value due to market
fluctuations, including those due to interest rate changes, as it is the Company's intention to hold them until there is a recovery of
fair value, which may be to maturity.
The Company classifies its investments in fixed maturities and equity investments as available-for-sale and reports these investments
at fair value. The Company's limited liability investment, at fair value, performance shares, subordinated debt and contingent
consideration liabilities are measured and reported at fair value.
Fixed maturities and equity investments - Fair values of fixed maturities for which no active market exists are derived from quoted
market prices of similar instruments or other third party evidence. Fair values of equity investments, including warrants, reflect
quoted market values based on latest bid prices, where active markets exist, or models based on significant market observable
inputs, where no active markets exist.
Limited liability investment, at fair value - The fair value of the limited liability investment, at fair value is calculated based on a
model that distributes that net equity of 1347 Investors to all classes of membership interests. The model uses quoted market
prices and significant market observable inputs.
Performance shares - The performance shares, for which no active market exists, are required to be valued at fair value as determined
in good faith by the Company. Such determination of fair value would require the Company to develop a model based upon
relevant observable market inputs as well as significant unobservable inputs, including developing a sufficiently reliable estimate
for an appropriate discount to reflect the illiquidity and unique structure of the security. The Company determined its model for
the performance shares was not sufficiently reliable. As a result, the Company has assigned a fair value of zero to the performance
shares. Refer to Note 6, "Investments," for further details regarding the performance shares.
Subordinated debt - The fair value of the subordinated debt is calculated using a model based on significant market observable
inputs and inputs developed by a third party. These inputs include credit spread assumptions developed by a third party and market
observable swap rates.
Contingent consideration - The consideration for certain of the Company's acquisitions included future payments to the former
owners that were contingent upon the achievement of certain targets over future reporting periods. Liabilities for contingent
consideration were measured and reported at fair value and were included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated
balance sheets. The fair value of contingent consideration liabilities was estimated using internal models without relevant observable
market inputs. Estimated payments were discounted using present value techniques to arrive at estimated fair value. Contingent
consideration liabilities were revalued each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities can
result from changes to one or multiple inputs, including adjustments to the discount rates or changes in the assumed achievement
or timing of any targets. Any changes in fair value were reported in the consolidated statements of operations as contingent
consideration benefit. During the second quarter of 2017, the Company settled its remaining contingent consideration liability;
therefore, no contingent consideration liability remains on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2017.
103
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company employs a fair value hierarchy to categorize the inputs it uses in valuation techniques to measure the fair value. The
extent of use of quoted market prices (Level 1), valuation models using observable market information (Level 2) and internal
models without observable market information (Level 3) in the valuation of the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured
at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was as follows:
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Fair Value Measurements at the End of the
Reporting Period Using
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets(Level 1)
Total
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Recurring fair value measurements
Assets:
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and
authorities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and collateralized
mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Limited liability investment, at fair value
Other investments
Short-term investments
Total assets
Liabilities:
Subordinated debt
Total liabilities
$
$
$
$
25,244
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
7,419
1,575
8,994
10,314
3,721
151
76,394
52,105
52,105
$
$
$
$
— $
—
—
—
—
—
7,419
727
8,146
—
—
—
8,146
$
— $
— $
25,244
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
—
848
848
10,314
3,721
151
68,248
52,105
52,105
$
$
$
$
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
104
(in thousands)
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2016
Fair Value Measurements at the End of the
Reporting Period Using
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Recurring fair value measurements
Assets:
Fixed maturities:
U.S. government, government agencies and
authorities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and collateralized
mortgage obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Limited liability investment, at fair value
Other investments
Short-term investments
Total assets
Liabilities:
Subordinated debt
Contingent consideration
Total liabilities
$
$
$
$
28,148
$
— $
28,148
$
3,088
8,506
3,467
18,555
61,764
21,426
1,804
23,230
10,700
9,368
401
—
—
—
—
—
21,426
664
22,090
—
—
—
3,088
8,506
3,467
18,555
61,764
—
1,140
1,140
10,700
9,368
401
105,463
$
22,090
$
83,373
$
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
43,619
325
43,944
$
$
— $
43,619
—
—
— $
43,619
$
$
—
325
325
The following table provides a reconciliation of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
(in thousands)
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration:
Beginning balance
Settlements of contingent consideration liabilities
Change in fair value of contingent consideration included in net (loss)
income
Ending balance
$
$
105
Years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
325
(113)
(212)
— $
$
1,982
(1,000)
(657)
325
$
$
3,121
—
(1,139)
1,982
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 26 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Related party transactions, including services provided to or received by the Company's subsidiaries, are measured in part by the
amount of consideration paid or received as established and agreed by the parties. Management believes consideration paid for
such services in each case approximates fair value. Except where disclosed elsewhere in these consolidated financial statements,
the following is a summary of related party transactions.
On February 11, 2014, the Company's subsidiary, 1347 Advisors entered into a management services agreement with PIH that
provides for certain services, including forecasting, analysis of capital structure and reinsurance programs, consultation in future
restructuring or capital raising transactions, and consultation in corporate development initiatives, that 1347 Advisors will provide
to PIH unless and until 1347 Advisors and PIH agree to terminate the services. On February 24, 2015, the Company announced
that it had entered into a definitive agreement with PIH to terminate the management services agreement. Pursuant to the transaction,
1347 Advisors received the following consideration: $2.0 million in cash; $3.0 million of 8% preferred stock of PIH, mandatorily
redeemable on February 24, 2020; a Performance Shares Grant Agreement with PIH, whereby 1347 Advisors will be entitled to
receive 100,000 shares of PIH common stock if at any time the last sales price of PIH's common stock equals or exceeds $10.00
per share for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period; and warrants to purchase 1,500,000 shares of common stock
of PIH with a strike price of $15.00, expiring on February 24, 2022. The Company recorded a gain of $6.0 million during 2015
related to the termination of the management services agreement, which is included in other income in the consolidated statements
of operations. On January 2, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with PIH to cancel the $10.00 per share Performance
Shares Grant Agreement in exchange for cash consideration of $0.3 million. The Company will record this gain during the first
quarter of 2018. Refer to Note 6, "Investments," and Note 25, "Fair Value of Financial Instruments," for further details regarding
the performance shares.
On April 20, 2016, John T. Fitzgerald, the Managing Member of Argo, joined the Company as an Executive Vice President. As
part of the agreement to purchase Argo, Mr. Fitzgerald received 160,000 common shares of the Company. On April 21, 2016, the
Board of Directors appointed Mr. Fitzgerald as a new director. Pursuant to a Restricted Stock Unit Agreement dated August 24,
2016, the Company granted 500,000 restricted stock units to Mr. Fitzgerald.
On December 14, 2016, the Company sold 100,000 shares of PIH common stock to Ballantyne Strong, Inc. ("Ballantyne") at a
price of $7.57 per share. Kyle Cerminara is the Chief Executive Officer of Ballantyne and Fundamental Global Investors ("FGI").
FGI is a greater than 5% shareholder of the Company.
On October 25, 2017, the Company executed an agreement to sell 900,000 shares of PIH common stock, at a price of $7.85 per
share, to FGI in two separate transactions for cash proceeds totaling $7.1 million. On November 1, 2017, the Company sold
475,428 of the 900,000 shares of PIH common stock to FGI for cash proceeds totaling $3.7 million. The second transaction, for
the sale of the remaining 424,572 shares of PIH common stock, closed on March 15, 2018 following FGI having obtained the
necessary regulatory approvals.
NOTE 27 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
(a) Legal proceedings:
In connection with its operations in the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are named as defendants in
various actions for damages and costs allegedly sustained by the plaintiffs. While it is not possible to estimate the loss, or range
of loss, if any, that would be incurred in connection with any of the various proceedings at this time, it is possible an individual
action would result in a loss having a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations or financial condition.
(b) Guarantee:
The Company provided indemnity and hold harmless agreements to a third party for certain customs bonds reinsured by Lincoln
General Insurance Company ("Lincoln General") during a period of the time Lincoln General was a subsidiary of the Company.
These agreements may require the Company to compensate the third party if Lincoln General is unable to fulfill its obligations
relating to the customs bonds. The Company's potential exposure under these agreements is not determinable, and no liability has
been recorded in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2017. No assurances can be given, however, the Company
will not be required to perform under these agreements in a manner that would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, results of operations or financial condition.
106
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The third party filed a lawsuit on May 11, 2016 seeking damages of $0.2 million from the Company. During the fourth quarter
of 2017, the Company tendered payment of $0.2 million in an effort to resolve this particular matter.
(c)
Commitments:
The Company has entered into subscription agreements to commit up to $2.7 million of capital to allow for participation in limited
liability investments. At December 31, 2017, the unfunded commitment was $1.3 million.
(d) Collateral pledged:
Fixed maturities and short-term investments with an estimated fair value of $12.1 million and $13.1 million were on deposit with
state and provincial regulatory authorities at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Also, from time to time,
the Company pledges investments to third-parties as deposits or to collateralize liabilities incurred under its policies of insurance.
The amount of such pledged investments was $16.2 million and $16.4 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016,
respectively. Collateral pledging transactions are conducted under terms that are common and customary to standard collateral
pledging and are subject to the Company's standard risk management controls.
NOTE 28 REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS AND RATIOS
In the United States, a risk-based capital ("RBC") formula is used by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners
("NAIC") to identify property and casualty insurance companies that may not be adequately capitalized. In general, insurers
reporting surplus as regards policyholders below 200% of the authorized control level, as defined by the NAIC, at December 31
are subject to varying levels of regulatory action, including discontinuation of operations. As of December 31, 2017, surplus as
regards policyholders reported by each of our insurance subsidiaries, with the exception of Mendota, exceeded the 200% threshold.
As of December 31, 2017, Mendota's RBC was 196%, which is at the company action level, as defined by the NAIC. Mendota
has prepared a comprehensive RBC plan, which it filed with the Minnesota Department of Commerce ("MNDOC") on March 15,
2018. The comprehensive plan is intended to outline Mendota's future plans, including the current and projected RBC level, and
is subject to approval by the MNDOC. Achievement of the comprehensive plan depends on future events and circumstances, the
outcome of which cannot be assured. As part of the Company’s response to improve Mendota’s RBC and to reduce the risk profile
of its business, Mendota entered into a 50% quota share reinsurance agreement with a highly rated reinsurer, effective February
1, 2018, for all premiums written with the exception of premium written in California. The reinsurance arrangement will reduce
Mendota’s net premiums written during 2018, which will reduce the risk-based capital charge assigned to the business and should,
as a result, improve Mendota’s RBC. MCC also entered into a 50% quota share reinsurance agreement with the same reinsurer,
effective February 1, 2018.
During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company began taking steps to place all of Amigo into voluntary run-off. As of December
31, 2012, Amigo’s RBC was 157%. In April 2013, Kingsway filed a comprehensive run-off plan with the Florida Office of
Insurance Regulation, which outlines plans for Amigo's run-off. Amigo remains in compliance with that plan. As of December 31,
2017, Amigo's RBC was 5,206%.
The Company previously placed MCC into voluntary run-off in early 2011. At the time it was placed into voluntary run-off, MCC's
RBC was 160%. MCC entered into a comprehensive run-off plan approved by the Illinois Department of Insurance in June 2011.
MCC remains in compliance with that plan. As of December 31, 2017, MCC's RBC was 1,008%.
The Company's reinsurance subsidiary, which is domiciled in Barbados, is required by the regulator in Barbados to maintain
minimum capital levels. As of December 31, 2017, the capital maintained by Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation was in excess
of the regulatory capital requirements in Barbados.
NOTE 29 STATUTORY INFORMATION AND POLICIES
The Company's insurance subsidiaries prepare statutory basis financial statements in accordance with accounting practices
prescribed or permitted by the Departments of Insurance in states in which they are domiciled. "Prescribed" statutory accounting
practices include state laws, regulations and general administrative rules, as well as a variety of publications of the NAIC.
"Permitted" statutory accounting practices encompass all accounting practices that are not prescribed. Such practices may differ
from state to state; may differ from company to company within a state; and may change in the future.
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are required to report results of operations and financial position to insurance regulatory
authorities based upon statutory accounting practices. In converting from statutory to U.S. GAAP, typical adjustments include
deferral of acquisition costs, the inclusion of statutory non-admitted assets in the balance sheets, the inclusion of net unrealized
107
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
holding gains or losses related to fixed maturities in shareholders’ equity, and the inclusion of changes in deferred tax assets and
liabilities in net (loss) income.
Statutory capital and surplus and statutory net (loss) income for the Company's insurance subsidiaries are:
(in thousands)
Combined net (loss) income, statutory basis
Combined capital and surplus, statutory basis
2017
(15,379)
26,222
$
$
2016
(7,528)
41,330
$
$
December 31,
2015
6,298
42,387
$
$
The Company’s insurance subsidiaries are required to hold minimum levels of statutory capital and surplus to satisfy regulatory
requirements. The minimum statutory capital and surplus, or company action level RBC, necessary to satisfy regulatory
requirements for the Company's insurance subsidiaries collectively was $26.7 million at December 31, 2017. Company action
level RBC is the level at which an insurance company is required to file a corrective action plan with its regulators and is equal
to 200% of the authorized control level RBC.
Dividends paid by insurance subsidiaries are restricted by regulatory requirements of the insurance departments in the subsidiaries'
state of domicile. The maximum amount of dividends that can be paid to shareholders by insurance companies without prior
approval of the domiciliary state insurance commissioner is generally limited to the greater of (i) 10% of a company's statutory
capital and surplus at the end of the previous year or (ii) 100% of the company's net income for the previous year and is generally
required to be paid out of an insurance company's unassigned funds.
At December 31, 2017, the U.S. insurance subsidiaries of the Company were restricted from making any dividend payments to
the holding company without regulatory approval pursuant to the domiciliary state insurance regulations.
108
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 30 SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
Select unaudited quarterly information is as follows:
(in thousands, except per share data)
2017
Net premiums earned
Service fee and commission income
Rental income
Total revenues
Total operating expenses
Operating (loss) income
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Net loss
Net loss attributable to common shareholders
Loss per share - continuing operations:
Basic:
Diluted:
Loss per share – net loss attributable to common shareholders:
Basic:
Diluted:
Q4
Q3
Q2
Q1
$
31,447
$
32,556
$
33,518
$
32,922
10,451
3,346
49,536
65,503
(15,967)
50
(444)
(4,634)
(0.19)
(0.18)
(0.21)
(0.20)
8,023
3,344
52,002
50,104
1,898
(1,562)
(1,562)
(1,526)
(0.07)
(0.07)
(0.07)
(0.07)
6,873
3,347
44,915
48,260
(3,345)
(8,659)
(7,642)
(7,896)
(0.42)
(0.42)
(0.37)
(0.37)
6,562
3,347
46,741
47,379
(638)
(1,484)
(1,484)
(1,763)
(0.08)
(0.08)
(0.08)
(0.08)
(in thousands, except per share data)
2016
Net premiums earned
Service fee and commission income
Rental income
Total revenues
Total operating expenses
Operating loss
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
Earnings (loss) per share - continuing operations:
Basic:
Diluted:
Earnings (loss) per share – net income (loss) attributable to common
shareholders:
Basic:
Diluted:
Q4
Q3
Q2
Q1
$
33,419
$
32,949
$
31,813
$
29,427
7,186
2,998
52,788
55,415
(2,627)
1,174
1,305
1,042
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
6,330
2,432
45,825
46,161
(336)
1,587
1,587
1,370
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06
5,394
3
41,137
42,187
(1,050)
(1,999)
(875)
(621)
(0.09)
(0.09)
(0.03)
(0.03)
5,322
3
36,880
39,714
(2,834)
(1,495)
(1,495)
(1,553)
(0.08)
(0.08)
(0.08)
(0.08)
109
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted
an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") as of December 31, 2017. The Company’s disclosure
controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files under
the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms
and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and
evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s management recognizes that disclosure controls and procedures,
no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure
controls and procedures are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to meet reasonable assurance
standards. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints
that require the Company’s management to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures
relative to their costs. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about
the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all
potential future conditions.
Based on this evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as
of December 31, 2017, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as
defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company's management evaluated the effectiveness of
its internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). On October 12, 2017, the Company
acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of PWSC. PWSC has not been included in management's assessment of the effectiveness
of internal controls over financial reporting. PWSC accounted for approximately 1.3% of the Company's consolidated revenues
for the year ended December 31, 2017 and approximately 2.9% of the Company's consolidated total assets at December 31, 2017.
Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2017, our internal controls over
financial reporting are effective.
Remediation of 2016 Material Weakness in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
As reported in our 2016 Form 10-K, the Company identified and reported a material weakness in internal control over financial
reporting that resulted from the inadequate design and operation of internal controls related to income tax accounting for non-
routine transactions.
We have designed, implemented and tested the appropriate controls to fully remediate this material weakness. The controls include,
among other actions, engaging a nationally recognized accounting firm to assist us with the review of income tax accounting for
non-routine transactions. All remediation actions described in our 2016 Form 10-K, filed on March 13, 2017, and our Form 10-
Q, filed on November 7, 2017, are fully completed.
Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been audited by BDO
USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. Their attestation report is included below under the heading "Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm," and is incorporated into this Item 9A by reference.
110
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
On October 12, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of PWSC. Since the date of acquisition, the Company
has been analyzing and evaluating procedures and controls to determine their effectiveness and to make them consistent with our
disclosure controls and procedures. As permitted by the SEC, PWSC has been excluded from the scope of our quarterly discussion
of material changes in internal control over financial reporting below.
Other than the steps taken to remediate the material weakness described above, there have been no changes in the Company's
internal control over financial reporting during the period beginning October 1, 2017, and ending December 31, 2017, that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting, except with respect
to PWSC.
111
Tel: 616-774-7000
Fax: 616-776-3680
www.bdo.com
200 Ottawa Avenue NW, Suite 300
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Shareholders
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Itasca, Illinois
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal
Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
the Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all
material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017,
based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as
of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of operations,
comprehensive (loss) income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and financial statement schedules
listed in the accompanying index, and our report dated March 16, 2018 expressed an unqualified
opinion thereon.
The Company acquired Professional Warranty Service Corporation during 2017, and management
excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2017, Professional Warranty Service Corporation’s internal control
over financial reporting associated with approximately 2.9% of total assets and approximately
1.3% of total revenues, included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of
and for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting
of the Company also excluded an evaluation of internal control over financial reporting of
Professional Warranty Service Corporation.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting, included in the accompanying “Item 9A, Management’s Report on Internal Control over
Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S.
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the
standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing
BDO USA, LLP, a Delaware limited liability partnership, is the U.S. member of BDO International Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, and forms part of the
international BDO network of independent member firms.
BDO is the brand name for the BDO network and for each of the BDO Member Firms.
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A
company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect
the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance
that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of
the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors
of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection
of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material
effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 16, 2018
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Item 9B. Other Information
None
PART III.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting
of Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that is applicable to all employees, including our chief executive officer,
chief financial officer and other senior financial personnel, as well as our directors. A copy of the Code of Business Conduct and
Ethics is posted in the "Corporate Governance" section of our website at www.kingsway-financial.com. Any future amendments
to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any grant of waiver from a provision of the code requiring disclosure under
applicable SEC rules will be disclosed in the "Corporate Governance" section of our website.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting
of Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Information regarding our equity compensation plans is incorporated herein by reference to Item 5 of Part II of this Form 10-K.
All other information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting
of Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement for our 2017 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.
114
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
Part IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Documents filed as part of this Report
(1) Financial Statements. We have filed the following documents, which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this 2017 Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial Statement Schedules. The following financial statement schedules are filed as a part hereof along with the
related reports of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm included in Part II, Item 8. Schedules not listed
here have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Schedule I
Investments Other Than Investments in Related Parties
Schedule II
Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)
Schedule III
Supplementary Insurance Information
Schedule IV
Reinsurance Schedule
Schedule V
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedule VI
Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations
(3) Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the accompanying "Index to Exhibits" that follow the signature pages of this report
are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Form 10-K.
(b) Exhibits. Included in Item 15(a)(3) above
(c) Financial Statement Schedules. Included in Item 15(a)(2) above
115
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE I. Investments Other Than Investments in Related Parties
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities:
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
December 31, 2017
Amount Shown
on Consolidated
Balance Sheet
Fair Value
U.S. government, government agencies and authorities
$
25,519
$
25,244
$
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Mortgage-backed
Asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage
obligations
Corporate
Total fixed maturities
Equity investments:
Common stock
Warrants
Total equity investments
Limited liability investments
Limited liability investments, at fair value
Other investments
Short-term investments
Total investments
3,826
7,784
2,279
14,338
53,746
7,583
1,563
9,146
25,173
10,314
3,721
151
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
7,419
1,575
8,994
—
10,314
—
—
25,244
3,783
7,663
2,269
14,255
53,214
7,419
1,575
8,994
25,173
10,314
3,721
151
$
102,251
$
72,522
$
101,567
NOTE 1: Cost approximates fair value for limited liability investments, other investments and short-term investments.
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
116
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE II. Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)
Parent Company Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Assets
Investments in subsidiaries
Equity investments
Cash and cash equivalents
Investment in investee
Other assets
Total Assets
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Total Liabilities
Class A preferred stock
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Shareholders' equity attributable to common shareholders
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries
Total Shareholders' Equity
Total Liabilities, Class A preferred stock and Shareholders' Equity
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
$
$
$
$
41,951
491
688
5,230
3,134
51,494
2,184
2,184
5,461
—
356,021
(313,487)
(3,852)
38,682
5,167
43,849
51,494
$
$
$
$
47,729
—
11,469
3,116
2,254
64,568
1,306
1,306
6,427
—
353,882
(297,668)
(208)
56,006
829
56,835
64,568
117
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE II. Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)
Parent Company Statements of Operations
(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net investment income
Net realized gains
Total revenues
Expenses:
General and administrative expenses
Foreign exchange (gains) losses, net
Equity in net (income) loss of investee
Total expenses
Loss from continuing operations before income tax benefit and equity in
(loss) income of subsidiaries
Income tax (benefit) expense
Equity in (loss) income of subsidiaries
Net (loss) income
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
2017
35
—
35
3,796
(165)
(2,115)
1,516
(1,481)
—
(9,651)
(11,132)
$
$
$
$
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
6
47
53
2,147
(58)
74
2,163
(2,110)
—
2,632
522
$
$
5
—
5
2,715
553
—
3,268
(3,263)
—
4,532
1,269
118
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE II. Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)
Parent Company Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
(in thousands)
Net (loss) income
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes(1):
Unrealized (losses) gains on fixed maturities and equity investments:
Unrealized (losses) gains arising during the period
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Other comprehensive (loss) income - parent only
Equity in other comprehensive (loss) income of subsidiaries
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive (loss) income
2017
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
(11,132) $
522
$
1,269
(139)
—
—
(139)
(3,504)
(3,643)
(14,775) $
$
588
—
—
588
1,682
2,270
2,792
$
(588)
—
—
(588)
748
160
1,429
(1) Net of income tax (benefit) expense of $0, $0 and $0 in 2017, 2016 and 2015
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
119
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE II. Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)
Parent Company Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities:
Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used in operating
activities:
Equity in net loss (income) of subsidiaries
Equity in net (income) loss of investee
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
Net realized gains
Other, net
Net cash used in operating activities
Investing activities:
Purchases of equity investments
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
Repurchase of common stock for cancellation
Capital contributions to subsidiaries
Cash dividends received from subsidiaries
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
2017
Years ended December 31,
2015
2016
$
(11,132)
$
522
$
1,269
9,651
(2,115)
1,186
—
(368)
(2,778)
(630)
(630)
(47)
—
(7,326)
—
(7,373)
(10,781)
11,469
688
$
(2,632)
74
1,015
(47)
(147)
(1,215)
—
—
10,477
(125)
—
—
10,352
9,137
2,332
11,469
$
$
(4,532)
—
802
—
1,242
(1,219)
(3,143)
(3,143)
—
—
(500)
500
—
(4,362)
6,694
2,332
120
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE III. Supplementary Insurance Information
(in thousands)
2017
Insurance
Underwriting
Amounts not
allocated to
segments
Total
2016
Insurance
Underwriting
Amounts not
allocated to
segments
Total
2015
Insurance
Underwriting
Amounts not
allocated to
segments
Total
December 31,
Unpaid
Loss and
Loss
Adjustment
Expenses
Deferred
Acquisition
Costs
Years ended December 31,
Unearned
Premiums
Net
Premiums
Earned
Loss and
Loss
Adjustment
Expenses
Amortization
of Deferred
Acquisition
Costs
Other
Operating
Expenses
Net
Premiums
Written
$
$
$
$
$
$
6,720
$
63,652
$
36,686
$
130,443
$
120,791
$
24,203
$
15,956
$ 126,959
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
6,720
$
63,652
$
36,686
$
130,443
$
120,791
$
24,203
$
15,956
$ 126,959
7,782
$
53,795
$
40,176
$
127,608
$
104,384
$
24,154
$
17,543
$ 132,550
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
7,782
$
53,795
$
40,176
$
127,608
$
104,384
$
24,154
$
17,543
$ 132,550
6,696
$
55,471
$
35,234
$
117,433
$
87,055
$
23,333
$
17,130
$ 116,239
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
6,696
$
55,471
$
35,234
$
117,433
$
87,055
$
23,333
$
17,130
$ 116,239
NOTE 1: Net investment income is not allocated to segments, therefore net investment income is not provided in this schedule.
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
121
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE IV. Reinsurance
(in thousands, except for percentages)
Years ended December 31,
Direct
Premiums
Written
105,647
109,165
97,414
$
$
$
Premiums
Ceded to
Other
Companies
—
141
165
$
$
$
Premiums
Assumed
from Other
Companies
21,312
23,526
18,990
$
$
$
Net Premiums
Written
$
$
$
126,959
132,550
116,239
Percentage of
Premiums
Assumed to
Net
16.8%
17.7%
16.3%
2017
2016
2015
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
122
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE V. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(in thousands)
Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax
Assets:
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Year Ended December 31, 2016
Year Ended December 31, 2015
Balance at
Beginning
of Year
Charged to
Income Tax
(Benefit)
Expense
Tax Act
Rate Change
Disposals
and Other
Balance at
End of Year
$
$
$
276,590
283,636
287,151
$
$
$
9,092
$
(6,743) $
$
1,033
(108,179) $
— $
— $
3,719
$
(303) $
(4,548) $
181,222
276,590
283,636
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
123
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SCHEDULE VI. Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Insurance Operations
Deferred
Acquisition
Costs
Unpaid Loss
and Loss
Adjustment
Expenses
Unearned
Premiums
Net Earned
Premiums
Net
Investment
Income
Current
Year
Prior
Years
Amortization
of Deferred
Acquisition
Costs
Paid Loss
and Loss
Adjustment
Expenses
Net
Premiums
Written
Loss and Loss
Adjustment Expenses
Related to
$
6,720 $
63,652 $
36,686 $ 130,443 $
1,784 $ 100,097 $ 20,694 $
24,203 $
110,427 $ 126,959
$
7,782 $
53,795 $
40,176 $ 127,608 $
5,530 $ 96,289 $
8,095 $
24,154 $
105,534 $ 132,550
(in thousands)
Affiliation with
Registrant (1)
Year ended
December 31, 2017
Year ended
December 31, 2016
Year ended
December 31, 2015
$
6,696 $
55,471 $
35,234 $ 117,433 $
2,811 $ 86,439 $
616 $
23,333 $
93,483 $ 116,239
(1) Consolidated property-casualty insurance operations
See accompanying report of independent registered accounting firm.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.
124
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: March 16, 2018
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
/s/ Larry G. Swets, Jr.
By:
Name: Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Title: Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Chief Executive Officer and Director
(principal executive officer)
March 16, 2018
/s/ John T. Fitzgerald
John T. Fitzgerald
President, Chief Operating Officer and Director
March 16, 2018
/s/ William A. Hickey, Jr.
William A. Hickey, Jr.
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial and accounting officer)
March 16, 2018
/s/ Terence Kavanagh
Terence Kavanagh
/s/ Gregory Hannon
Gregory Hannon
/s/ Gary Schaevitz
Gary Schaevitz
/s/ Joseph Stilwell
Joseph Stilwell
Chairman of the Board and Director
March 16, 2018
Director
Director
Director
March 16, 2018
March 16, 2018
March 16, 2018
125
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Description
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.1
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated April 1, 2015, by and between National General Holdings Corp., as Buyer, and Kingsway
America Inc. and Mendota Insurance Company, as Sellers (included as Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K, filed April 7, 2015, and
incorporated herein by reference).
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 17, 2016 by and among CMC Acquisition, LLC, CRIC TRT Acquisition LLC and
BNSF-Delpres Investments Ltd. (included as Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K, filed July 20, 2016, and incorporated herein by
reference).
Amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 17, 2016, by and among CMC Acquisition, LLC, CRIC TRT
Acquisition LLC, and BNSF-Delpres Investments Ltd. (included as Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2016, and
incorporated herein by reference).
Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (included as Exhibit 3.1 to the
Form 10-Q, filed November 7, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
By-law No. 5 of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (included as Exhibit 3.2 to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and
incorporated herein by reference).
Indenture dated December 4, 2002 between Kingsway America Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company of Connecticut,
National Association (included as Exhibit 4.3 to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Indenture dated May 15, 2003 between Kingsway America Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association (included as Exhibit 4.4 to
the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Indenture dated October 29, 2003 between Kingsway America Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association (included as Exhibit 4.5
to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Indenture dated May 22, 2003 between Kingsway America Inc., Kingsway Financial Services Inc., and Wilmington Trust
Company (included as Exhibit 4.6 to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Junior Subordinated Indenture dated September 30, 2003 between Kingsway America Inc. and J.P Morgan Chase Bank (included
as Exhibit 4.7 to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Indenture dated December 16, 2003 between Kingsway America Inc., Kingsway Financial Services Inc., and Wilmington Trust
Company (included as Exhibit 4.8 to the Form 10-K, filed March 30, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference).
Excerpt of the Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Company (included as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K,
filed December 27, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference).
Amended and Restated Common Stock Series B Warrant Agreement, dated July 8, 2014 (included as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-
K, filed July 10, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).
Kingsway Financial Services Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (included as Schedule B to the Definitive Proxy Statement on
Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 11, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference). *
Form of Subscription Agreement (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K, filed December 27, 2013, and incorporated herein
by reference).
Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 3, 2014, by and among the Company and the other parties signatory thereto
(included as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K, filed February 4, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference).
Kingsway America Inc. Employee Share Purchase Plan (included as Schedule B to the Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule
14A filed with the SEC on April 30, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference). *
126
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
10.5
10.6
Agreement to Buyout and Release dated February 24, 2015 between 1347 Advisors LLC and 1347 Property Insurance Holdings,
Inc. (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K, filed February 27, 2015, and incorporated herein by reference).
Stockholders’ Agreement, dated as of July 14, 2016, by and between CMC Industries, Inc., CMC Acquisition LLC and CRIC
TRT Acquisition LLC (included as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed July 20, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.7 Management Services Agreement, dated as of July 14, 2016, by and between TRT LeaseCo, LLC and DGI-BNSF Corp.
(included as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K, filed July 20, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
14
21
23
TRT LeaseCo, LLC 4.07% Senior Secured Note, Due May 15, 2034 (included as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q, filed August 4,
2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Deed of Trust, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Rents and Fixture Filing Statement, dated as of March 12, 2015,
from TRT LeaseCo, LLC to Malcolm Morris, as Deed of Trust Trustee for the benefit of Wells Fargo Bank Northwest, N.A., as
trustee (included as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q, filed August 4, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Lease between TRT LeaseCo, LLC, as Landlord, and BNSF Railway Company (f/k/a The Burlington Northern and Santa Fe
Railway Company), as Tenant, dated as of June 1, 2014 (included as Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q, filed August 4, 2016, and
incorporated herein by reference).
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2016 by and between the Company and GrizzlyRock Institutional Value
Partners, LP. (included as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2016 by and between the Company and W.H.I. Growth Fund Q.P., L.P.
(included as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2016 by and between the Company and Yorkmont Capital Partners, LP.
(included as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2016 by and among the Company, GrizzlyRock Institutional Value
Partners, LP and W.H.I. Growth Fund Q.P., L.P. (included as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and
incorporated herein by reference).
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2016 by and between the Company and Yorkmont Capital Partners,
LP. (included as Exhibit 10.5 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Right of First Offer Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2016 by and between the Company and GrizzlyRock Institutional
Value Partners, LP. (included as Exhibit 10.6 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Right of First Offer Agreement, dated as of November 16, 2016 by and between the Company and W.H.I. Growth Fund Q.P.,
L.P. (included as Exhibit 10.7 to Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).
Kingsway Financial Services Inc. Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Subsidiaries of Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Consent of BDO USA, LLP
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act
32.1
32.2
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002
127
KINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
101.INS XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
128
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
1
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Table of Contents
Page
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
WHO IS COVERED
DIRECTOR, OFFICER AND EMPLOYEE OBLIGATIONS
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
USE OF INFORMATION
CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION
CONFIDENTIALITY OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
CORPORATE OPPORTUNITIES
USE OF INSIDE INFORMATION (INSIDER TRADING)
FAIR DEALING
ANTI-RETALIATION
PROTECTION AND USE OF COMPANY ASSETS
OFFERING OF GIFTS
ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
RECORDS RETENTION
COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RULES & REGULATIONS
COMMUNICATING WITH REGULATORS AND OTHERS
DUTY TO REPORT AND CONSEQUENCE
CONTACT US
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
10
10
CODE OF ETHICS FOR THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER,
KINGSWAY’S SENIOR OFFICERS AND OTHER SENIOR FINANCIAL PERSONNEL............
10
2
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
NOTICE
This policy applies to all employees of Kingsway Financial Services, Inc., (“KFS”) and its business units.
This Code also applies to all outside directors with respect to their Kingsway-related activities. This policy
was approved by the Board of Directors on March 17, 2017.
3
1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Our goal at Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and its business units (“Kingsway”, “KFS” or the
“Company”) is to uphold the highest business and personal ethical standards as well as to comply
with all laws and regulations that apply to our business. Adherence to the standards contained in this
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”) will help to ensure decisions that reflect care for
all of our stakeholders. This Code is intended as an overview of the Company’s guiding principles
and not as a restatement of Company policies and procedures.
Ethical business behavior is the responsibility of every individual at the Company and is reflected
not only in our relations with each other but also with our policyholders, other organizations, suppliers,
competitors, government and the public. Whatever the area of activity and whatever the degree of
responsibility, the Company expects each employee to act in a manner that will enhance its reputation
for honesty, integrity and the faithful performance of its undertakings and obligations.
This Code does not supersede, change or alter the existing Company policies and procedures already
in place as stated in the Employee Handbook and communicated to Company employees. Certain
policies referred to herein are contained in their entirety in the Employee Handbook, and Company
employees are instructed to refer to this handbook for a copy of those policies and required reporting
procedures.
No Company policy can provide definitive answers to all questions. If employees have questions
regarding the standards discussed or policies referenced in this Code or are in doubt about the best
course of action in a particular situation, the employee should refer to the reporting requirements for
that particular standard as stated in the Code, or the reporting requirements for policies as stated in
the Employee Handbook and contact the person or party designated.
Employees must promptly report any violation of this Code to their Manager, the business unit Human
Resources Manager or Kingsway’s Vice President-Human Resources.
This Code cannot and is not intended to cover every applicable law or provide answers to all questions
that might arise; for that we must ultimately rely on each person’s good sense of what is right, including
a sense of when it is proper to seek guidance from others on the appropriate course of conduct.
Because our business depends upon the reputation of the Company and its directors, officers and
employees for integrity and principled business conduct, in many instances this Code goes beyond
the requirements of the law.
2. WHO IS COVERED
This Code applies to all officers and employees of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and its business
units. This Code also applies to all outside directors with respect to their Kingsway-related activities.
Any reference in this Code to “Kingsway” refers to Kingsway Financial Services Inc. and its business
units. Any reference to “employees” refers to directors, officers and employees of Kingsway and its
business units.
4
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
3. DIRECTOR, OFFICER AND EMPLOYEE OBLIGATIONS
It is the obligation of each and every director, officer and employee of Kingsway to become familiar
and comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and integrate them into every aspect
of our business. All employees are expected to observe all applicable laws and adhere to the highest
ethical standards in all matters dealing with the Company.
4. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Directors, officers and employees of Kingsway have a duty of loyalty to the Company, and must
therefore avoid any actual, perceived or potential conflict of interest with the Company. A conflict
situation can arise when a director, officer or employee takes actions or has interests that may make
it difficult to perform his or her work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest also arise when
a director, officer or employee, or a member of his or her family i.e. spouse, common-law spouse,
child, stepchild, sibling, parent, sister or brother-in-law, grandparent, grandchild, or any variation of
such relationships, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position in the Company.
In exercising our responsibilities, it is vital that we be guided by what is in the best interests of the
Company and those clients with whom we have business relationships. All of our employees are
required to conduct their personal and business affairs in such a way so as to avoid conflicts with the
interests of the Company, its shareholders, brokers, policyholders and its customers.
It is each employee’s responsibility to ensure that his or her personal conduct complies with the
following principles and to make appropriate disclosures when actual or potential conflicts may arise.
Although the principles below are discussed in terms of the employees of the Company, each of us
must also exercise care to avoid actual, perceived or potential conflicts of interest which might arise
because of the activities of our family members or other members of our household.
1.
Employees may not use their affiliation with the Company for improper personal benefit.
Examples of such prohibited activities include:
Employees receiving remuneration, gifts, entertainment or other compensation of a material
nature from any entity performing work or services for the Company or from any entity which
is seeking to do business with the Company. Gifts or favors that are generally considered as
common business or social courtesies are acceptable only as long as they are reasonable and
customary in type, frequency and value such as a luncheon or dinner.
Employees having a financial interest in an entity that sells goods or services to the Company
where the employee is able to influence the Company’s business transactions with that entity.
Employees using, for their own personal gain or for the benefit of others, any confidential or
“inside” information obtained as a result of their employment with the Company.
Employees misappropriating to themselves or to others the benefit of any business venture
or opportunity about which the employees learn or develop in the course of their employment
and which is related to a current or prospective business of the Company.
5
2.
3.
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Employees may not be employed by or affiliated with a competitor.
Serving as a director, officer, employee, partner, consultant, agent of, or having a significant
ownership interest in, an organization, which competes with any function within the Company,
violates your duty of loyalty to the Company and is prohibited.
Directors, officers and employees have a responsibility to disclose actual, perceived or
potential conflicts or any activity that appears to be in conflict with policy or procedure.
Determining whether you have a conflict and, if so, what to do about it can be difficult and no set of
guidelines or statement of principles, however comprehensive and detailed, can hope to cover all
situations or address every question of judgment. Employees are, therefore, required to disclose all
actual, perceived or potential conflicts. If you have any doubt about your disclosure obligations in
a particular situation, the best course is to consult with your Manager or Supervisor or the HR executive
of the Company or business unit. Potential conflicts of interest must be reported to the Chief Financial
Officer and are subject to review and, if appropriate, approval or ratification by the Audit Committee.
5. USE OF INFORMATION
To provide the highest quality services to our policyholders and customers, we must be efficient in
gathering and storing information, be thorough in our analysis of information collected, and be creative
in generating new information. Our ability to remain competitive requires both our willingness and
alertness to share information within our organization and our awareness that certain types of
information must be protected from disclosure. It is especially important to maintain our reputation
by safeguarding information entrusted to us by our customers and fellow employees; it is also a legal
requirement in many cases. Please refer to Kingsway’s Privacy Policy.
As an employer, the Company maintains personnel records for every employee. Access to this
information is limited within the Company, and is generally released to those outside of the Company
only if required by law. Preserving the confidentiality of such information is necessary for creation
of a productive and comfortable work environment.
6. CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION
Our customers provide us with confidential and/or personal information about themselves, their
families and their business operations (where applicable). The Company will only collect and maintain
information for legal and business reasons. This means that only those employees and outside
governmental authorities and regulators with a legitimate need to know such information should have
access to such information.
Employees must adhere to applicable laws for maintaining, updating, disclosing and verifying such
confidential information. Employees are also expected to comply with departmental policies and
procedures relating to the retention and orderly destruction of records and documents (Refer to the
Records Retention Section in this document).
All employees must be aware of the consequences of intentionally or inadvertently revealing such
information and recognize that the use of confidential information obtained in the course of our
employment for any personal benefit or any non-business related reason is strictly forbidden. Specific
areas in which preventing disclosure or use of confidential information are especially important
6
include personal medical records, financial data for a business entity, and claims investigative,
litigation and settlement information.
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
7. CONFIDENTIALITY OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Confidential business information and practices can be defined as information used in trade or business
which gives the owner a competitive advantage and which is not generally known to the public. If
the owner fails to adequately protect the information or matter, it may lose its confidential status.
Such business information and practices could include software code, customer lists, all business
related information or a new invention that is yet to be patented.
Sometimes you may encounter such business information and/or practices in the course of evaluating
a service provided to, or a service or product received from a policyholder, customer, vendor, etc.
You may be responsible for the loss of such information and/or practice if you reveal it to others,
even fellow Company employees, who do not need to know this proprietary information. Both the
Company and the employee may be held liable for financial losses to the owner of the business
information or practice.
At times you may develop confidential business information and/or practices in the course of your
employment. This information is the property of the Company. Confidential business information
and practices of the Company must be identified as such when revealed to outside parties so the
recipient is aware he or she should not pass them on further. Before the release of proprietary
information to a third party the appropriate confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements should be
in place.
If confidential business information and practices are revealed to you during the course of your
employment with the Company, you must protect the information even after you stop working for
the Company. The Company will take whatever steps it deems appropriate, including legal action,
to protect such business information and practices from unauthorized disclosure or use by current or
former employees.
8. CORPORATE OPPORTUNITIES
No director, officer or employee may: (a) take for himself or herself personally opportunities that are
discovered through the use of Company property, information or position; (b) use Company property,
information or position for personal gain; or (c) compete with the Company.
9. USE OF INSIDE INFORMATION (INSIDER TRADING)
Please refer to the “Disclosure, Securities Trading and Confidentiality Policy.” If you have any
questions in connection with whether or not a trade in the company shares is permitted at any particular
time, please contact Kingsway’s Chief Financial Officer.
10. FAIR DEALING
Each director, officer and employee shall endeavor to deal fairly and in good faith with Kingsway
customers, shareholders, employees, suppliers, regulators, business partners, competitors and others.
No director, officer or employee shall take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation,
concealment, abuse of privileged or confidential information, misrepresentation, fraudulent behavior
or any other unfair dealing practice.
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11. ANTI-RETALIATION
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Kingsway prohibits any retaliation against an employee who makes a good-faith report of perceived
violations of this Code or the law or anyone who assists in a Company investigation.
If you believe that you have been subjected to any form of retaliation you should report the matter
through one of the channels described in this policy. However, any person making a report in bad
faith will be subject to disciplinary action up to and including discharge.
12. PROTECTION AND USE OF COMPANY ASSETS
Company assets, such as information, materials, supplies, time, intellectual property, software,
hardware, and facilities, among other property, are valuable resources owned, licensed, or otherwise
belonging to the Company. Safeguarding Company assets is the responsibility of all directors, officers
and employees. All Company assets should be used for legitimate business purposes. The personal
use of Company assets without permission is prohibited.
Employees are expected to use Company equipment and materials (e.g. telephones, computers,
software and photocopiers) for Company business only. All Company equipment and materials are
dedicated for business use only and the Company reserves the right to monitor and investigate usage
of Company equipment and materials at its discretion.
Employees should not use Company resources for personal benefit or to benefit persons or entities
outside the Company. In certain circumstances, the Company may approve of the use of particular
corporate resources for charitable or community purposes.
Employees must maintain accurate records and abide by corporate policies concerning reimbursable
expenses, and eligibility for all Company benefits, including sick leave, education and disability
payments.
13. OFFERING OF GIFTS
Employees may not make payments or give gifts (other than gifts of nominal value that are generally
considered as common business or social courtesies such as lunches, dinners, attendance at sporting
events, etc.) in order to influence regulatory or business decisions. The Company has established
internal control procedures to ensure that assets are protected and properly used, and that financial
records and reports are accurate and reliable. Employees and supervisors share the responsibility for
maintaining and complying with required internal controls.
The Company’s success relies upon the integrity of all of its employees. The Company has instituted
a comprehensive set of procedures, rules and controls to prevent fraud and dishonesty and it will take
all action necessary and appropriate to enforce these policies and procedures.
14. ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
It is the policy of Kingsway to fully and fairly disclose the financial condition of the Company in
compliance with applicable accounting principles, laws, rules and regulations. All books and records
of Kingsway shall be administered in such a way, as to fully and fairly reflect all Company transactions.
8
15. RECORDS RETENTION
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Please refer to the “Records Management and Retention Policy.” If you have any questions in this
regard, do not hesitate to contact your supervisor or Kingsway’s Senior Manager-Internal Audit.
16. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RULES & REGULATIONS
The Company is subject to a myriad of laws and regulations on how we must conduct our business.
Many of these laws are designed to protect consumers in situations where it is perceived that a business
because of size, resources or expertise is able to unfairly control or influence customer decisions. It
is critically important that both the Company and its employees comply with the letter and spirit of
the laws, which regulate the conduct of our business.
All aspects of Company business (e.g., sales, underwriting, claims, human resources, actuarial,
accounting and financial reporting, financial services, investments, and governmental relations) are
impacted by compliance requirements. Employees must be aware of the applications of the laws that
affect the performance of their jobs and must carry out their job responsibilities in a manner that
ensures that the Company is in compliance with external statutory, regulatory and industry
requirements.
Kingsway takes a proactive stance on compliance with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations,
including insider trading laws and applicable anti-trust laws. In addition, the Company requires that
its directors, officers and employees comply with the policies set out in the Employee Handbook.
17. COMMUNICATING WITH REGULATORS AND OTHERS
In the event that an inquiry from a regulator is received the employee must contact Kingsway’s Chief
Financial Officer. All requests from regulators should be responded to in a candid, accurate manner.
Employees must not conceal, destroy or alter any documents or information. If a Kingsway employee
is served with a subpoena they must notify Kingsway’s Chief Financial Officer immediately.
18. NO LOANS TO DIRECTORS OR OFFICERS
In accordance with applicable law, it is the policy of Kingsway not to extend or maintain credit, to
arrange for the extension of credit, or to renew an extension of credit, in the form of a personal loan
to or for any director or officer. Any questions about whether a loan has been made to a director or
officer in violation of this policy should be directed to the Company's counsel.
19. AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND WAIVER
Any amendment or waiver of this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for a director, executive
officer or any financial or accounting officer at the level of the principal accounting officer or controller
or above, may be made only by the Board of Directors, and must be promptly disclosed to stockholders
if and as required by applicable law or the rules of each stock exchange on which the Company's
shares are traded. Waivers with respect to other employees or applicable contractors may be made
only by the Company's Chief Financial Officer. Any waiver of this Code of Conduct with respect to
a conflict of interest transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K
promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, must be approved in advance by the Audit
Committee.
9
20. DUTY TO REPORT
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Every director, officer and employee has a duty to adhere to this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
and all existing Company policies, and to report immediately to the Company any suspected violations
in accordance with applicable procedures.
Employees shall report suspected violations of Company policies by following the reporting
procedures for that specific policy as identified in the Employee Handbook. All other suspected
violations of the Code must be reported to the business unit Human Resources manager or Kingsway’s
Vice President-Human Resources. The Company will investigate any matter so reported and take
appropriate disciplinary and corrective action, up to and including prosecution and termination of
employment. The Company forbids retaliation against employees who report violations of this Code
of Business Conduct and Ethics in good faith.
21. CONTACT US
Requests for further information should be referred to Kingsway’s Vice President - Human Resources
as follows:
Kingsway America Inc.
3155 NW 77th Avenue
Miami, FL 33122
Attention: Vice President-Human Resources
Telephone: (305) 716-6017
Facsimile: (305) 716-6417
Email: KAIHumanResources@kingswayfinancial.com
* * *
10
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Kingsway’s Senior Officers
and Other Senior Financial Personnel
Kingsway’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Senior Officers (as defined below) and other
Senior Financial Personnel (as defined below) are bound by the provisions set forth in Kingsway’s Code of
Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”). In addition to the Code, these individuals are subject to the
following additional specific policies:
1.
APPLICABILITY
This Code of Ethics for the CEO, CFO, Kingsway’s senior officers and other senior financial personnel
(the “Supplemental Code”) is designed to mandate honest and ethical conduct; full, fair, accurate,
timely and understandable disclosure of financial information in the periodic reports of Kingsway;
and compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations. This Supplemental Code applies to the
CEO, CFO, Kingway’s Senior Officers and Other Senior Financial Personnel. As used in this
Supplemental Code, the term Senior Officers means any officer of Kingsway who holds the title of
Vice President or above and the term Other Senior Financial Personnel means finance, accounting,
actuarial, tax or internal audit personnel. The CEO, CFO, Kingsway’s Senior Officers and Other
Senior Financial Personnel are collectively referred to in this Supplemental Code as the “Covered
Persons.”
2.
HONEST AND ETHICAL CONDUCT
In performing his or her duties, each of the Covered Persons shall act in accordance with high standards
of honest and ethical conduct including taking appropriate actions to permit and facilitate the ethical
handling and resolution of actual, perceived or potential conflicts of interest between personal and
professional relationships.
In addition, each of the Covered Persons shall promote high ethical standards for employees who
have responsibilities in financial reporting and other areas of accounting, audit, tax and throughout
Kingsway.
3.
FULL, FAIR AND ACCURATE DISCLOSURE
In performing their duties, each of the Covered Persons shall promote and take appropriate action
within their respective areas of responsibility to cause Kingsway to provide, full, fair, accurate, timely
and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that Kingsway files or submits to all
regulatory authorities including, the Ontario Securities Commission and the Securities and Exchange
Commission and in other public communications.
4.
COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS
In performing their duties, each of the Covered Persons shall endeavor to comply, and take appropriate
action within each of their respective areas of responsibility to cause Kingsway to comply, with
applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations, including applicable rules and regulations of
self-regulatory organizations.
Each of the Covered Persons shall promptly provide to Kingsway America’s Vice President - Human
Resources or the Board’s Audit Committee information concerning conduct such Covered Person
11
reasonably believes to constitute a material violation by one or more of Kingsway’s Directors or
Officers of the securities laws, rules or regulations or other laws, rules or regulations applicable to
Kingsway.
Exhibit 14 Code of Business Conduct & Ethics
5.
INFLUENCING AUDITORS
Each Covered Person shall not take any action, directly or indirectly, to fraudulently influence, coerce,
manipulate or mislead Kingsway’s independent auditors.
In performing their duties, each Covered Person shall, within each of their respective areas of
responsibility, engage in, and seek to promote, full, fair and accurate disclosure of financial and other
information to, and open and honest discussions with, Kingsway’s independent auditors.
6. SERVICE ON BOARDS OF DIRECTORS OF OTHER FOR-PROIT ENTERPRISES
No Covered Person shall serve on the board of directors, board of managers or in a similar capacity
with any for-profit enterprise other than Kingsway without obtaining the prior consent of the Audit
Committee on an annual basis.
7.
REPORTING VIOLATIONS OF THE SUPPLEMENTAL CODE
Each of the Covered Persons shall promptly report to the attention of the Board’s Audit Committee
or Kingsway America’s Vice President - Human Resources any information they may have
concerning:
1.
2.
Significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely
affect Kingsway’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data or
Any fraud, whether material or not, involving management or other employees who have a
role in the company’s financial reporting, disclosures or internal controls.
ANONYMOUS REPORTING OF VIOLATIONS
Any violation of this Supplemental Code and any violation by the Company’s Covered Persons of
the securities laws, rules or regulations or other laws, rules or regulations applicable to Kingsway
may be reported anonymously to the Chair of the Audit Committee of the Board.
WAIVER AND AMENDMENT OF THE SUPPLEMENTAL CODE
The Board’s Audit Committee, as well as the Board, shall have the authority to approve any amendment
to this Supplemental Code. Kingsway will publicly disclose any substantive amendment of this
Supplemental Code as required by applicable law.
COMPLIANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY
The Board’s Audit Committee will assess compliance with this Supplemental Code, report violations
of this Supplemental Code to the Board, and, based upon the relevant facts and circumstances
recommend to the Board appropriate action. A violation of this Supplemental Code may result in
disciplinary action including termination of employment.
8.
9.
10.
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Subsidiaries of Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Exhibit 21
Subsidiaries
Kingsway America II Inc.
1347 Advisors LLC
1347 Capital LLC
Itasca Investors LLC
Itasca Capital Corp.
IWS Acquisition Corporation
Trinity Warranty Solutions LLC
Professional Warranty Services LLC
Professional Warranty Service Corporation
American Country Underwriting Agency Inc.
Advantage Auto, Inc.
Argo Management Group, LLC
ARM Holdings, Inc.
Mattoni Insurance Brokerage, Inc.
Appco Finance Corporation
CMC Acquisition LLC
CMC Industries Inc.
Texas Rail Terminal LLC
TRT Leaseco, LLC
Insurance Management Services Inc.
Itasca Real Estate Investors, LLC
KAI Advantage Auto, Inc.
KFS Capital LLC
Kingsway America Inc.
Kingsway LGIC Holdings, LLC
Mendota Insurance Company
Congress General Agency, Inc.
Kingsway Amigo Insurance Company
Mendakota Casualty Company
Mendakota Insurance Company
Mendota Insurance Agency, Inc.
MIC Insurance Agency Inc.
Kingsway America Agency Inc.
Kingsway General Insurance Company
Kingsway Reinsurance Corporation
Jurisdiction of Incorporation/Organization
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Florida
Delaware
Delaware
Virginia
Illinois
Illinois
Delaware
Illinois
Washington
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Texas
Delaware
Delaware
Florida
Illinois
Illinois
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Minnesota
Texas
Florida
Illinois
Minnesota
Texas
Texas
Illinois
Ontario
Barbados
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Kingsway Financial Services Inc.
Itasca, Illinois
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8
(Registration Nos. 333-196633 and 333-194108) of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. of our reports
dated March 16, 2018, relating to the consolidated financial statements and financial statement
schedules, and the effectiveness of Kingsway Financial Services Inc.’s internal control over
financial reporting, which appear in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 16, 2018
BDO USA, LLP, a Delaware limited liability partnership, is the U.S. member of BDO International Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, and forms part of
the international BDO network of independent member firms.
BDO is the brand name for the BDO network and for each of the BDO Member Firms.
EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
I, Larry G. Swets, Jr., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Kingsway Financial Services Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 16, 2018
By /s/ Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Larry G. Swets, Jr., Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, William A. Hickey, Jr., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Form 10-K of Kingsway Financial Services Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 16, 2018
By /s/ William A. Hickey, Jr.
William A. Hickey, Jr., Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President
(Principal Financial Officer)
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended
December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned
William A. Hickey, Jr., the Chief Financial Officer and Principal Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of the
undersigned's knowledge and belief:
(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company.
Date: March 16, 2018
By /s/ William A. Hickey, Jr.
William A. Hickey, Jr., Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President
(Principal Financial Officer)
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kingsway Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended
December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned
Larry G. Swets, Jr., the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to
18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of the
undersigned's knowledge and belief:
(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company.
Date: March 16, 2018
By /s/ Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Larry G. Swets, Jr., Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)