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Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.

kgi · TSX Basic Materials
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FY2016 Annual Report · Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.
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TSX: KL
OTCQX: KLGDF

ANNUAL 
REPORT
2016

OVERVIEW

Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. is a mid-tier gold producer targeting 530,000 - 570,000 ounces in 
Tier 1 mining jurisdictions of Canada and Australia. The production profile of the Company 
is anchored from two high-grade, low-cost operations, including the Macassa Mine located 
in northeastern Ontario and the Fosterville Mine located in the state of Victoria, Australia. 
Kirkland Lake Gold's solid base of quality assets is complemented by district scale 
exploration potential, supported by a strong financial position with extensive management 
and operational expertise.

Kirkland Lake Gold is committed to delivering low-cost production, advancing its 
exploration pipeline, and maintaining a large resource and reserve base of quality assets 
to foster future production growth. Extensive exploration potential, improved visibility to 
increase mine life, and excess milling capacity at each operation, positions Kirkland Lake 
Gold to organically grow production to increase value for its shareholders.

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DIVERSIFIED GOLD PRODUCTION
LETTER FROM THE CEO
2016 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
2016 OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS
2016 MINERAL RESERVES AND RESOURCES
2017 OUTLOOK
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Forward Looking Statements 

This annual report contains forward looking statements. Please refer to the “Forward Looking Statements” on page 61. 
Effective December 31, 2016, the Company advises that it has changed its reporting currency from Canadian to U.S. dollars and accordingly all dollar amounts are in 
U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted.

Technical Disclosure 

(1) Mineral Resources are exclusive of Mineral Reserves for Canadian Assets and Mineral Resources are inclusive of Mineral Reserves for Australian Assets.  For full 
disclosure with respect to the Company’s properties, see the Company’s Technical Reports effective December 31, 2016, filed on SEDAR on March 30, 2017.
(2) The technical contents related to Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. mines and properties set out in the Annual Report have been reviewed and approved by Pierre Rocque, 
P. Eng., Vice President, Technical Services, Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd., a Qualified Person as defined by the Canadian Securities Administrators National Instrument 43-
101 “Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects”.
(3) The PEA is preliminary in nature and is based on a number of assumptions that may be changed in the future as additional information becomes available. The 
PEA includes inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable 
them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the PEA will be realized. The Maud Creek Gold Project PEA Technical Report is available 
on Sedar and www.klgold.com and was compiled by Peter Fairfield, Principal Consultant (Project Evaluation), BEng (Mining), FAusIMM CP (Mining) of SRK Consulting 
(Australasia) Pty Ltd. By virtue of his education, membership to a recognized professional association and relevant work experience, Peter Fairfield is an independent 
"Qualified Person" as such term is defined in NI 43-101. Mineral resources that are not mineral  reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. For full details 
please see press release dated May 16, 2016 available under archive news releases on www.klgold.com.

1 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

DIVERSIFIED
GOLD PRODUCTION

HOLLOWAY MINE1

TAYLOR MINE

HOLT MINE

MACASSA MINE

COSMO MINE3

CANADIAN
OPERATIONS

OPERATIONAL MINE

CARE & MAINTENANCE

AUSTRALIAN 
OPERATIONS

FOSTERVILLE MINE

STAWELL MINE2

AT A GLANCE

TIER 1 MINING 
JURISDICTIONS 
OF CANADA & 
AUSTRALIA 

530,000 
-  570,000 
OZ OF GOLD 
PRODUCTION IN 
2017 

~2,000 
EMPLOYEES & 
CONTRACTORS    

(1) In December 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold announced the transitioning of the Holloway Gold Mine to a temporary suspension of operations. The Holloway Mine will be 
maintained in a production ready state with the intent of restarting the operation in the future with meaningful and enhanced economics and pending successful exploration 
programs being completed (See News Release dated December 12, 2016).
(2) In December 2016, the Company officially transitioned the Stawell Mine into care and maintenance and in a state of operational readiness to possibly recommence 
operations pending exploration success (See News Release dated December 12, 2016).
(3) Effective June 30, 2017, Kirkland Lake Gold has decided to suspend production at the Cosmo Mine, allowing the Company to conduct a review of operations and obtain 
a better understanding of near mine exploration targets. The Cosmo Mine will be maintained in a state of readiness to allow operations to recommence when exploration, 
resource definition and the development planning phase is completed (See News Release dated May 4, 2017).

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

    | 

ANNUAL REPORT 2016 

2

LETTER FROM THE CEO

Dear Shareholders, 

2016 was a transformational year for Kirkland Lake 
Gold. We began the year as a junior gold company 
and completed 2016 as a newly repositioned mid-
tier gold producer. The developments made in 2016 
represent  deliberate  and  measured  actions  that 
were  undertaken  with  the  goal  of  creating  value 
for  our  shareholders.  Under  your  newly  formed 
Company,  our  portfolio  boasts  ownership  of  5 
underground  gold  mines  and  4  milling  facilities 
across two superior mining jurisdictions of Canada 
and Australia. Remaining focused on cultivating a 
sustainable position in the industry, we believe our 
new Company is positioned to deliver high quality 
gold production with robust margins and generate 
a significant cash flow.

During  2016,  on  a  pro-forma  basis,  the  Company 
generated consolidated gold production of 542,751 
ounces across its international operating platform. 
Both  the  Canadian  and  Australian  operations 
exceeded  previously  announced  2016  guidance, 
delivering  303,027  ounces  of  gold  from  Canada 
and 239,724 ounces of gold from Australia. During 
the  fourth  quarter,  record  production  results 
were driven by improved performance from both 
the  Macassa  and  Fosterville  mines,  due  to  record 
grade  and  recoveries  at  both  sites.  Additionally, 
we completed the year with a strong cash balance 
of  US$234  million,  including  cash  acquired  from 
improved  financial 
Newmarket  Gold,  marking 

3 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

strength  and  increased  flexibility  to  invest  in 
our  future. 
In  terms  of  costs,  the  Company 
outperformed  its  targets  achieving  an  operating 
cost  per  ounce  sold  of  $571,  well  below  the 
Company's guidance of $600-$650, and an All-In 
Sustaining Cost per ounce sold of $923, which also 
succeeded the guidance of $1,000-1,050. 

Not only did we set operational records in 2016, but 
we  also  delivered  strong  financial  results.  For  the 
2016  year,  the  Company  realized  record  revenue 
of  US$407  million  from  gold  sales  of  329,489 
ounces,  including  gold  sales  from  the  Australian 
operations  for  the  month  of  December  2016.  The 
average annual realized price of gold was US$1,234 
per ounce sold, while the Company remained fully 
unhedged  to  benefit  from  increases  in  the  price 
of  gold.  For  the  bottom  line,  Kirkland  Lake  Gold 
achieved  2016  net  earnings  of  US$42.1  million 
(US$0.35  per  share)  and  adjusted  net  earnings  of 
US$75.3 million (US$0.62 per share), excluding any 
one-time items that did not reflect the underlying 
operations of the Company. During the year, your 
Company  generated  positive  operating  cash  flow 
of  US$180.9  million  (US$1.49  per  share)  and  free 
cash flow of US$107.2 million (US$0.88 per share).

Our  prolific  district  scale 
land  packages  will 
continue  to  differentiate  Kirkland  Lake  Gold 
from  other  investment  opportunities  in  the  gold 
industry.  Moving  forward,  we  expect  exploration 
to  be  a  key  value  driver,  as  reflected  by  our 

commitment  to  spend  $45-$55  million  during 
2017,  predominantly 
in  diamond  drilling.  We 
believe  we  have  tremendous  opportunities  to 
expand resources, find new extensions to previously 
discovered  mineralization  and  discover  exciting 
new  high  grade  mineralization  expanding  upon 
our 2016 results. Our flagship operations continue 
to  demonstrate  immense  exploration  potential. 
The  Macassa  Mine  is  one  of  the  highest-grade 
underground gold mines in the world, with grade 
improving  at  depth.  At  Fosterville,  exploration 
success  on  near  mine  targets  continue  to  deliver 
exciting  results,  including  1,429  g/t  Au  over  15.2m 
(estimated true width of 4.97m) intersecting high-
grade  visible  gold  bearing  mineralization,  and 
reaffirming an increasing grade profile at depth. 

Throughout  2016,  investment  into  the  Macassa 
and Fosterville mines have yielded positive results, 
in  which  we  saw  significant  increases  in  Mineral 
Reserves of 37% and 66% respectively. Particularly 
encouraging  was  the  increase  in  reserve  grade  at 
both  properties;  Macassa  averaging  20.8  g/t  gold 
and Fosterville averaging 9.2 g/t gold. As we move 
forward, we see numerous potential opportunities 
to  delineate  additional  higher  grade  Mineral 
leveraging  existing 
Resources  and  Reserves, 
infrastructure  and  excess  mill  capacity.  By  doing 
so,  we  further  our  Company  motto  of  “Growth 
Through the Drill Bit”.  

We  believe  our  production  is  defined  by  quality, 
not  quantity.  In  December  of  2016,  the  Company 
announced the transitioning of the Holloway Mine 
to a temporary suspension of operations while being 
maintained  in  a  production  ready  state,  pending 
exploration success.  Additionally, at that time, we 
announced  the  transitioning  of  the  Stawell  Mine 
into care and maintenance, similarly, to be placed 
in a state of operational readiness to recommence 
operations pending exploration success. In May of 
2017,  we  announced  a  production  suspension  at 
the Cosmo Mine, effective June 30 2017, allowing 
the  Company  to  conduct  a  review  of  operations 
and  obtain  a  better  understanding  of  near  mine 
exploration  targets.    While  these  decisions  were 
not taken lightly, Kirkland Lake Gold is focused on 
maximizing  financial  returns  from  high-quality 
long lived gold assets to grow shareholder value. 

Following a very strong start to 2017, the Company 
announced  a  revision  to  its  consolidated  outlook 
for  the  year  including  an  upwards  adjustment  to 
production and a decrease in unit costs, mainly the 
result of improved performance at Fosterville. For 
the remainder of the year, we are on track to meet 

our  2017  revised  guidance  objectives  including 
gold  production  of  530,000-570,000  ounces  at 
an  operating  cost  per  ounce  of  US$475-525  and 
AISC  per  ounce  of  US$850-900.  At  the  end  of 
the  first  quarter  of  2017,  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  had 
a  very  strong  balance  sheet  with  US$280  million 
in cash and US$85 million in debt, represented in 
two  series  of  unsecured  convertible  debentures 
becoming  due  in  June  2017  and  December  2017, 
providing further opportunities to strengthen the 
balance sheet by the end of the year. 

During  the  first  quarter  of  2017,  the  Board 
of  Directors  approved  a  new  dividend  policy 
recommending  the  payment  of  a  quarterly 
dividend of C$0.01 per common share (C$0.04 per 
common  share  annually).  Continued  operational 
productivity,  confidence 
in  our  outlook  and 
our  ability  to  generate  positive  cash  flows  were 
key  deciding  factors  in  extending  a  dividend  to 
shareholders. 

On a final note, I would like to thank our people for 
their enormous efforts during this momentous year. 
While it’s a privilege to present strong operational 
and  financial  results,  I  owe  the  honor  to  all  of 
the  hard-working  people  behind  the  Company, 
specifically  our  outstanding  management  team, 
employees,  contractors  and  suppliers  and  Board 
of  Directors.  It  is  their  commitment  to  success 
that has enabled the Company to deliver superior 
results on all fronts. 

is  an  ongoing  effort, 

results  become  a  platform 

As  a  CEO,  I  believe  that  creating  value  for 
in  which 
shareholders 
yesterday’s 
for 
tomorrow’s improvements. As we move ahead, we 
will  continue  to  ensure  that  Kirkland  Lake  Gold 
delivers on its primary goal of creating shareholder 
value  with  an  emphasis  on  safe  and  responsible 
mining each and every day. 

We  look  forward  to  delivering  exceptional  results 
in 2017 and thank all of our shareholders for their 
continued support.

Sincerely, 

Anthony Makuch 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

    | 

ANNUAL REPORT 2016 

4

May 15, 2017

2016

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS1

(all figures are expressed in US dollars unless otherwise noted)

RECORD REVENUE

GENERATION OF SIGNIFICANT 
CASH FLOW

$500.0

$450.0

$400.0

$350.0

$300.0

$250.0

$200.0

$150.0

$100.0

$50.0

$0.0

$406.7

REVENUE
(millions)

Based on: 

gold sales of 
329,489 oz &

average realized 
price2 of gold
$1,234/ oz

$200.0

$180.0

$160.0

$140.0

$120.0

$100.0

$80.0

$60.0

$40.0

$20.0

$0.0

$180.9

$1.49
per
basic
share

$107.2

$0.88
per
basic
share

OPERATING
CASH FLOW
(millions)

FREE
CASH FLOW2
(millions)

NET EARNINGS

STRONG FINANCIAL POSITION

$100.0

$90.0

$80.0

$70.0

$60.0

$50.0

$40.0

$30.0

$20.0

$10.0

$0.0

$75.3

$0.62
per
adjusted 
basic
share

$42.1

$0.35
per
basic
share

$234.9

$92.3

$250.0

$225.0

$200.0

$175.0

$150.0

$125.0

$100.0

$75.0

$50.0

$25.0

$0.0

NET EARNINGS 
(millions)

ADJUSTED
NET EARNINGS2, 3
(millions)

CASH BALANCE
(millions)

WORKING 
CAPITAL2
(millions)

(1) Full Year 2016 results include the results of Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. (“former Kirkland Lake”) operations for the full year; the results of the Newmarket operations for December 
2016, being the period following the completion of the business combination between the former Kirkland Lake and Newmarket; and the results of the St Andrew operations 
for the period starting on January 26, 2016, being the period following the completion of the acquisition of St Andrew by former Kirkland Lake. 
(2) Non GAAP Measures 
Operating cash cost per ounce sold, all-in sustaining costs per ounce sold, average realized gold price per ounce, working capital and free cash flow are Non-GAAP measures. 
In the gold mining industry, these are common performance measures but do not have any standardized meaning, and are considered Non-GAAP measures. The Company 
believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS” or “GAAP”), certain investors use such Non-
GAAP measures to evaluate the Company’s performance and ability to generate cash flow. Accordingly, they are intended to provide additional information and should not be 
considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. A reconciliation of operating cost per ounce and AISC per ounce to 
total operating costs for the most recent reporting period, the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and the eight months ended December 31, 2015, is set out 
on the Company’s MD&A for the period ended December 31, 2016 filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and at www.klgold.com. Please refer to the “Forward Looking Statements” 
on page 61. 
(3) Adjusted net earnings (and adjusted basic share) excludes the items that do not reflect the underlying operations of the Company, including the transaction costs 
associated with the acquisition of Newmarket and the business combination with St Andrew, as well as one time severance costs associated with the transition of Stawell to 
care and maintenance.

5 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

 
2016

OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS1

Record 
Gold 
Production:

Consolidated operations achieved gold production of 314,495 ounces, including 18,657 
ounces from operations in Australia from November 30, 2016 onwards, surpassing 
previously announced 2016 production guidance of 270,000 - 290,000 ounces of gold.

Record Low Operating Cash2 
Cost & All-In Sustaining Cost 
(AISC) per ounce sold:

Total production costs of $198.4 million resulting in operating cost per 
ounce sold and AISC per ounce sold of $571 and $923 respectively, 
below the lower range of 2016 cost guidance.

Completed acquisition of St. 
Andrew Goldfields Ltd. and business 
combination with Newmarket Gold Inc. 

The acquisition and business combination resulted in the 
creation of a mid-tier gold company.

PRO-FORMA PRODUCTION3 

151,755 oz.

57,086 oz.

TOTAL:
542,751 oz.

175,167 oz.

55,765 oz.

42,639 oz.

32,204 oz.

28,135 oz.

MACASSA

FOSTERVILLE

HOLT

COSMO

TAYLOR

STAWELL

HOLLOWAY

PRO-FORMA FLAGSHIP MINE HIGHLIGHTS3

MACASSA MINE

FOSTERVILLE MINE

TAYLOR MINE

Ore Milled (tonnes)

396,633

Ore Milled (tonnes)

693,066

Ore Milled (tonnes)

199,231

Mill Grade (g/t Au)

Recovery (%)

14.10

97.1

Mill Grade (g/t Au)

Recovery (%)

7.55

90.1

Mill Grade (g/t Au)

Recovery (%)

6.90

96.5

Gold Production

175,167

Gold Production

151,755

Gold Production

42,639

Macassa is one of the highest 
grade gold mines in the world

Fosterville is the largest gold producer 
in the state of Victoria, Australia 

Taylor is a modern new mine with 
significant exploration potential 

(1) See page 5 (footnote 1).
(2) See page 5 (footnote 2). 
(3) Pro-forma consolidated information includes operating results from: (i) the former Newmarket Gold Inc. assets for the entire 12-month period ended December 31, 2016 including 
the period from January 1, 2016 to November 29, 2016 prior to the merger with Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. ("KLG") on November 30, 2016 (See News Release dated November 3, 2016); 
and (ii) the Holt Mine Complex, which contains the Taylor and Holt Mine and a milling facility, for the entire 12-month period ended December 31, 2016, including the period of 
January 1, 2016 to January 25, 2016 prior to the acquisition of St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. by KLG on January 26, 2016 (See News Release dated May 12, 2016).

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

    | 

ANNUAL REPORT 2016 

6

2016

MINERAL RESERVES AND RESOURCES HIGHLIGHTS

Macassa Mine Mineral Reserves increased from December 31, 2014 by 37% to 2,010,000 ounces of 
gold, after two years of depletion totaling 336,000 ounces. Mineral Reserve grade increased by 7% 
to 20.8 g/t Au from the previous grade of 19.3 g/t Au.

Fosterville Mine Mineral Reserves increased from December 31, 2015 by 66% to 643,000 ounces of 
gold, after depletion of 151,755 ounces. Mineral Reserve grade increased 27% to 9.2 g/t Au from 7.3 
g/t Au. Excluding Carbon-In-Leach ("CIL") Residues, after depletion, Fosterville's Mineral Reserves 
increased over 100% to 490,000 ounces at an average grade of 9.8 g/t Au (1,560,000 tonnes). 

Total Canadian Mineral Reserves increased by 20% between 2014 and 2016 to 2,750,000 ounces 
of gold. 

Total Australian Mineral Reserves increased by 24% from December 31, 2015 to 952,000 ounces of 
gold, mainly attributable to the 66% increase in Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves at Fosterville 
underpinned by down-plunge extensions of the high-grade, visible gold-bearing Lower Phoenix 
Gold Zone and the discovery of visible gold-bearing Harrier Zone. 

See page 1 (footnote 1, 2 and 3).

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD MINERAL RESERVES BY ASSET 
as of December 31, 2016

PROVEN

PROBABLE 

PROVEN AND PROBABLE 

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

2,390

21.8

1,670

3,000

20.8

2,010

Macassa

610

16.9

Taylor

0

Holt

1,450

Holloway

Hislop

0

0

0

4.2

0

0

332

0

194

0

0

743

2,500

57

176

2,060

8.0

526

5,870

Total 
Canadian 
Assets

Fosterville

896

98

0

994

NT

Stawell

Total 
Australian 
Assets

7.9

3.0

0

7.5

229

9

0

238

1,280

2,310

2,700

6,280

5.4

4.7

5.7

5.8

11.8

10.1

2.3

1.5

3.5

129

376

10

33

743

3,950

57

176

5.4

4.5

5.7

5.8

129

570

10

33

2,220

7,930

10.8

2,750

414

168

132

713

2,170

2,400

2,700

7,280

9.2

2.3

1.5

4.1

643

177

132

952

Total 
Reserves

3,050

7.8

764

12,200

7.5

2,940

15,200

7.6

3,700

See page 1 (footnote 1, 2 and 3).

7 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD CANADIAN ASSETS MINERAL RESOURCES
as of December 31, 2016

MEASURED

INDICATED

MEASURED AND 
INDICATED

INFERRED

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Macassa 

907

16.2

474

1,570

16.8

849

2,480

16.6

1,320

1,420

20.2

Taylor

399

6.0

77

2,360

5.5

416

2,760

5.6

Holt

3,960

4.3

549

3,020

4.1

398

6,970

4.2

Holloway

156

Hislop

Aquarius

0

0

Canamax 0

Ludgate

0

4.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

21

0

0

0

0

1,210

1,150

5.4

3.6

210

132

1,370

1,150

5.3

3.6

22,300

1.3

926

22,300

1.3

926

9

240

522

5.1

4.1

39

68

240

522

5.1

4.1

39

68

170

1,400

493

947

231

132

1,810

8,690

2,710

797

924

313

1,320

456

95

0

23

162

5.4

4.7

5.2

3.7

0.8

4.3

3.6

Totals

5,420

6.4

1,120

32,400

2.9

3,040

37,800

3.4

4,160

17,000

6.0

3,300

See page 1 (footnote 1, and 2).

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD AUSTRALIAN ASSETS MINERAL RESOURCES
as of December 31, 2016

MEASURED

INDICATED

MEASURED AND 
INDICATED

INFERRED

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Tonnes 
(000’s)

Gold 
Grade 
(g/t)

Gold 
Ounces 
(000’s)

Fosterville  2,760

4.8

Northern 
Territory

2,520

4.2

Stawell 

81

3.7

Totals

5,360

4.5

See page 1 (footnote 1, 2 and 3).

427

344

10

781

12,600

5.8

2,360

15,300

5.7

2,790

5,400

4.6

28,200

2.0

1,840

30,700 2.2

2,180

15,100

2.3

792

1,110

3,620

2.0

236

3,700

2.1

246

1,130

2.9

104

44,400

3.1

4,440

49,700

3.3

5,220

21,700

2.9

2,000

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

    | 

ANNUAL REPORT 2016 

8

2017

CONSOLIDATED OUTLOOK 

CANADIAN MINES

AUSTRALIAN MINES

Macassa

Holt

Taylor

Fosterville

Cosmo

Consolidated

Gold production (oz)  

190,000 - 
195,000

65,000  - 
70,000

55,000  - 
60,000

200,000 - 
225,000

20,000

530,000 - 
570,000

Operating cash costs 
per ounce sold (1)

$520 - 
$550

$670 - 
$725

$450 - 
$525

$310 - 
$330

$1,500 - 
$1,600

AISC per ounce sold (1)

Operating costs (millions)

Royalty costs (millions)

Sustaining and growth 
capital (millions)

Exploration 
expenditures (millions)

Corporate G&A 
expenses (millions)

$475 - $525

$850 - $900

$270 - $280

$20 - $25

$180 - $200

$45 - $55

$17

As a result of the Company’s operational performance and results in the first quarter of 2017, Kirkland Lake Gold amended the 2017 consolidated outlook (See News 
Released dated May 4, 2017).    

(1) Operating Cash Costs per ounce and AISC per ounce reflect an average USD to CAD exchange rate of 1.35 and a USD to AUD exchange rate of 1.325.

9 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION 
AND ANALYSIS

For the year ended December 31, 2016 and
the eight months ended December 31, 2015

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

    | 

ANNUAL REPORT 2016 

10

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) dated March 28, 2017 of Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. (the “Company” 
and as defined in the section entitled “Business Overview”) contains information that management believes is relevant to 
an assessment and understanding of the Company’s consolidated financial position and the results of its consolidated 
operations  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and  for  the  eight  months  ended  December  31,  2015.    This  MD&A 
should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the 
year ended December 31, 2016 and eight months ended December 31, 2015, which were prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This MD&A may contain forward-looking statements and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors described in 
the “Risk and Uncertainties” and “Forward Looking Statements” sections at the end of this MD&A and as described in the 
Company’s Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2016. Additional information including this MD&A, 
the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company’s Annual Information 
Form for the year ended December 31, 2016, and press releases have been filed electronically through the System for 
Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR”) and are available online under the Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. profile 
at www.sedar.com and on the Company’s website (www.klgold.com).

NON – IFRS MEASURES

Certain non-IFRS measures are included in this MD&A, including average realized gold price per ounce, operating cash 
costs and operating cash cost per ounce sold, all-in sustaining cost per ounce sold (“AISC”), free cash flows generated 
and adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share and working capital.  In the gold mining industry, these 
are common performance measures but may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers.  The 
Company believes that these measures, in addition to information prepared in accordance with IFRS, provides investors 
with useful information to evaluate the Company’s performance and ability to generate cash flow from its operations.  
Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute 
for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.  For further information, refer to the “Non-IFRS Measures” 
section of this MD&A.

The following additional abbreviations may be used throughout this MD&A: General and Administrative Expenses (“G&A”); 
Year to Date (“YTD”); Property, Plant and Equipment (“PPE”); Gold (“Au”); Ounces (“oz”); Grams per Tonne (“g/t”); Million 
Tonnes (“Mt”); Kilometre (‘km”); Metres (“m”); Tonnes per Day (“tpd”); and Life of Mine (“LOM”).

COMPARATIVE INFORMATION

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company (and Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.) completed two separate business 
combinations: a plan of arrangement with Newmarket Gold Inc. which closed on November 30, 2016 and prior to that, 
the acquisition of St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. on January 26, 2016.  The results of operations for Newmarket Gold Inc. and 
St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. are only included from the time of acquisition.  For complete details please refer to  sections 
“Business Overview” and “Recent Corporate Developments” in this MD&A.  

Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. changed its fiscal year end from April 30th to December 31st, effective on January 1, 2016.  As such, 
for comparative purposes, the current quarter end and year end results will be compared to the two month and eight 
month periods ended December 31, 2015.

Kirkland  Lake  Gold  Inc.  has  also  updated  its  reporting  format  for  certain  mining  statistics  to  use  metric  rather  than 
imperial measurements.  For consistency with the new reporting format, all prior period amounts reported in short tons 
have been restated to tonnes (where 1 ton = 0.9072 tonne), and all previously reported grade measurements of ounces 
per ton (“opt”) have been restated to grams per tonne (where 1 opt = 34.2857 g/t).

CHANGE IN REPORTING CURRENCY

Following  the  business  combination  with  Newmarket  Gold  Inc.,  the  Company  retrospectively  changed  its  reporting 
currency from Canadian dollars to United States dollars with effect from the year ended December 31, 2016.  See note 2 
of the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further details.  All amounts 
are presented in United States dollars ("$") unless otherwise stated.  References in this document to “C$” are to Canadian 
dollars and references to "A$" are to Australian dollars.  Unless otherwise specified, all tabular amounts are expressed in 
thousands of United States dollars, except per share or per ounce amounts.

11 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

BUSINESS OVERVIEW 

Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. (individually, or collectively with its subsidiaries, as applicable, the “Company” or “Kirkland Lake Gold”) 
is a new mid-tier, Canadian listed, gold producer currently with five wholly owned underground operating  mines in Canada 
and Australia.  The Company is targeting over 500,000 ounces of annual production with a production profile anchored by 
three high-grade, low-cost operations, the Macassa Mine (“Macassa”) and the Taylor Mine (“Taylor”) located in northeastern 
Ontario, Canada and the Fosterville Gold Mine (“Fosterville”) located in the state of Victoria, Australia.  Kirkland Lake Gold also 
realizes  additional  gold  production  from  its  Holt  Mine,  also  located  in  northeastern  Ontario  and  the  Cosmo  Gold  Mine 
(“Cosmo”) located in the Northern Territory, Australia.   In addition, Kirkland Lake Gold has a pipeline of growth projects within 
Australia, including the Maud Creek Gold Project in the Northern Territory and the Big Hill Gold Project in the state of Victoria.  
The Company continues to conduct extensive exploration on its land holdings throughout Canada and Australia, all of which 
are  located  along  prolific  mining  trends.    The  current  exploration  programs  are  focused  on  extending  known  zones  of 
mineralization and testing for new discoveries, thereby increasing the level of mineral resources and reserves to foster future 
organic growth. 

Kirkland Lake Gold is focused on delivering  superior  value for its shareholders and cultivating a  position within the mining 
industry  as  a  sustainable  leading  gold  producer  through  a  commitment  to  delivering  low-cost  production,  advancing  its 
exploration and development pipeline, and maintaining a large resource and reserve base of quality assets to foster future 
production growth.  Extensive exploration potential, improved visibility to increase mine life, and excess milling capacity at 
each operation positions Kirkland Lake Gold to organically grow production and increase value for its shareholders. 

Effective December 6, 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold’s common shares began trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under 
the ticker symbol “KL” and on January 19, 2017 began trading on the OTCQX under the symbol “KLGDF” effective January 19, 
2017.  Previously, Newmarket Gold Inc. (“Newmarket”) was trading on the TSX under the symbol “NMI” and on the OTCQX 
under the symbol “NMKTF”.  From September 15, 2016 to December 6, 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. (“Old Kirkland Lake Gold”) 
was traded on the TSX under the symbol “KLG” and prior to September 15, 2016 traded on the TSX under the symbol “KGI”.  
The Company also has two issues of convertible debentures of Old Kirkland Lake Gold, which  continue to trade under the 
symbols KLG.DB and KLG.DB.A on the TSX as well.  Further information about Kirkland Lake Gold can be found in the Company’s 
regulatory  filings,  including  the  Annual  Information  Form  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  available  on  SEDAR  at 
www.sedar.com and on the Company’s website at www.klgold.com.  

On November 30, 2016, Old Kirkland Lake Gold, at the time a publicly listed company on the TSX which owned and operated 
two  mining  complexes  in  Kirkland  Lake,  Ontario  and  several  exploration  properties  in  Ontario,  completed  a  Plan  of 
Arrangement  with  Newmarket,  a  publicly  listed  company  which  owned  and  operated several  mines  and  other  exploration 
projects in Australia.  Under the terms of the deal, Old Kirkland Lake Gold became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Newmarket, 
and was renamed Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd.  The transaction with Newmarket was considered a business combination under 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) with Old Kirkland Lake Gold being the acquirer for accounting purposes.  
As such, the comparative information, in this MD&A and for financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 is that 
of Old Kirkland Lake Gold, with the results of operations of Newmarket consolidated from November 30, 2016. 

On January 26, 2016, Old Kirkland Lake Gold acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of St Andrew Goldfields 
Ltd. (“St Andrew”).  St Andrew was a TSX listed gold mining and exploration company with an extensive land package in the 
Timmins mining district in Ontario that operated the Holt, Holloway, and Taylor Mines (together the “Holt Complex”).  The 
transaction with St Andrew was considered a business combination under IFRS with Old Kirkland Lake Gold being the acquirer 
for accounting purposes.   

The transactions between the Company, Old Kirkland Lake Gold, Newmarket and St Andrew are further discussed in the body 
of this MD&A. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS 

The following is a summary of the Company’s financial and operational highlights as at and for the three months ended and 
the year ended December 31, 2016.  A more detailed analysis is provided throughout this MD&A. 

THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 HIGHLIGHTS 

  Updated Resources and Reserves as at December 31, 2016:  Canadian Mineral Reserves increased by 20% between 
2014 and 2016 to 2.75 million ounces of gold and Australian Mineral Reserves increased 24% from 2015 to 952,000 
ounces  of  gold  as  at  December  31,  2016,  more  than  replacing  ounces  produced  (for  greater  detail  see  section 
“Updated Resources and Reserves”). 

 

 

Solid  financial  position:    Cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  $234.9  million  and  working  capital 1 of  $92.3  million  as  at 
December  31,  2016.    Working  capital  at  December  31,  2016,  takes  into  account  the  full  carrying  value  of  the 
convertible debentures totaling $85.0 million (as it is included in the Company’s current liabilities).  During Q4 2016, 
the Company also assumed $68.3 million in cash and cash equivalents from the acquisition of Newmarket. 

Completed business combination with Newmarket:  The acquisition of Newmarket was completed on November 30, 
2016, resulting in the creation of an exciting new mid-tier gold company with targeted gold production of over 500,000 
ounces annually with high-quality cornerstone assets at Macassa, Fosterville, and Taylor offering low cost production 
and superior free cash flow generation. 

  Record  quarterly  gold  production:    Total  record  quarterly  gold  production  of  106,609  ounces,  including  ounces 
produced in the month of December 2016 from the Australia operations following the acquisition of Newmarket on 
November 30, 2016.  Production in Q4 2016 was led by Macassa totaling 52,318 ounces, at a run of mine grade of 
21.6 g/t and mill recovery of 97.6%. 

  Higher revenue and lower operating costs and AISC:  Consolidated revenue for the Q4 2016 period was at a record 
high of $134.2 million, while consolidated operating cash costs per ounce sold1 and consolidated AISC per ounce sold1 
for the same period remained low at $533/oz and AISC at $883/oz. 

  Decreased royalties:  The Company agreed to terms with Franco-Nevada Holdings Corp. (“FNV”) to buy-back a 1% net 
smelter return (“NSR”) royalty on the Company’s land holdings in the Kirkland Lake camp for $30.7 million (paid in Q4 
2016), reducing the Company’s royalty rate on gold revenue at Macassa from 2.5% to 1.5%. 

  Net earnings:  The Company’s net earnings for Q4 2016 was $3.1 million or $0.02 per basic share (C$0.03) and adjusted 
net earnings 1 for the same period was $27.9 million or $0.19 per basic share (C$0.25).  Adjusted net earnings excludes 
items  that  do  not  reflect  the    underlying  operations  of  the  Company,  including  transaction  costs  incurred  on  the 
acquisition of Newmarket and one time severance costs incurred on the transition of Stawell to care and maintenance. 

  Drilling success in Canada and Australia: 

o  At  the  Fosterville  Mine,  mineralization  in  the  Lower  Phoenix  Footwall  has  demonstrated  high-grade 
continuity and down plunge extension with the return of significant drill intercepts including 1,429 g/t Au 
over 15.15m in hole UDH1817.  At the Eagle Fault System, high-grade mineralization has been extended down 
plunge with a recent drill intercept returning 15.97 g/t Au over 11.35m in hole UDH1890A (see Kirkland Lake 
Gold news release dated January 17, 2017). 

o  At  the  Taylor  Mine,  new  discoveries  and  extensions  to  mineralization  were  reported  from  surface  and 
underground drilling programs reported in January 2017 (see Kirkland Lake Gold news release dated January 
30, 2017), including 10.31 g/t Au over 3.2m in hole TA16-005 in the West Porphyry Deposit (“WPZ”) which 
contains the majority of the Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserve estimates and 39.62 g/t Au over 1.1m 
in hole T450-012 which identified WPZ Deposit 1003 zone style mineralization approximately 330m down-
dip. 

1 See “Non-IFRS Measures” section in this MD&A for further details. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 HIGHLIGHTS (IN ADDITION TO Q4 2016 NOTED ABOVE) 

 

Completed business combination with St Andrew:  The acquisition of St Andrew was completed on January 26, 2016 
following  which,  the  Company  became  a  multi-asset  intermediate  gold  producer.    The  acquisition  provided  the 
Company with financial flexibility through an aggregated positive cash position and also provided an opportunity for 
further exploration success on a large under-explored land package in Canada. 

  Record  annual  gold  production:    Consolidated  operations  achieved  a  record  annual  gold  production  of  314,495 
ounces (including 18,657 ounces from one month of operations in Australia following the acquisition of Newmarket).  
Guidance from April 2016 was originally 270,000 to 290,000 ounces.  Production was led by Macassa, based on record 
mine and mill production, record run of mine grade of 16.5 g/t and record recovery of 97.1%. 

  Higher revenue and lower operating costs and AISC:  Consolidated revenues for annual 2016 was a record $406.7 
million, while consolidated operating cash costs per ounce sold for the same period remained low at $571/oz and 
consolidated AISC at $923/oz. 

  Generation of free cash flow 2:  Operating cash flow for 2016 was $180.9 million or $1.49 per basic share based on 
revenue of $406.7 million and free cash flow of $107.2 million after investing $15.8  million in exploration growth 
programs.  A significant increase from the eight months ended December 31, 2015 of operating cash flow of $39.4 
million or $0.49 per basic share and free cash flow of $13.1 million or $0.16 per basic share. 

  Net earnings:  The Company’s net earnings for 2016 was $42.1 million or $0.35 per basic share (C$0.46) and adjusted 
net earnings for the same period was $75.3 million or $0.62 per adjusted basic share (C$0.82).  Adjusted net earnings 
(and adjusted basic share) excludes the items that may not be reflective of underlying operations of the Company, 
such as transaction costs associated with the acquisition of Newmarket and the business combination with St Andrew, 
as well as one time severance costs associated with the transition of Stawell to care and maintenance. 

RECENT CORPORATE DEVELOPMENTS 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  entered  into  two  transformative  business  combination 
arrangements, the first completed on January 26, 2016 with St Andrew and the second completed on November 30, 2016 with 
Newmarket.  The details of each transaction are outlined below and the resulting combined entity, Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd., is 
an  exciting  new  mid-tier  gold  company  with  targeted  gold  production  of  over  500,000  ounces  for  2017  (see  details  under 
section “Company Outlook”).  

Highlights of the combined company include: 

  A new low-cost, mid-tier gold producer: Production guidance of over 500,000 ounces of gold in 2017 with operating 

cash costs per ounce sold between $650/oz and $725/oz and AISC per ounce sold below $1,000/oz. 

 

Strong balance sheet and healthy cash flow generation: Consolidated cash balance of $234.9 million as at December 
31, 2016, and projected free cash flow generation in 2017 provides financial strength and flexibility. 

  Diversified production base: The Company now operates five mines and four mills in highly prospective gold camps 

with low geopolitical risk – Canada and Australia which are two of the top mining jurisdictions in the world.  

 

Expanded discovery and exploration potential: District-scale property positions in established gold camps in Canada 
and Australia with strong development and exploration potential to fuel future organic growth. 

BUSINESS COMBINATION WITH ST ANDREW 

On  January  26,  2016,  Old  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  completed  the  acquisition  of  St  Andrew  by  acquiring  all  of  the  issued  and 
outstanding common shares of St Andrew pursuant to a Plan of Arrangement (the “St Andrew Arrangement”).  Prior to the 
completion of this arrangement, St Andrew was a gold mining and exploration company listed on the TSX, with an extensive 

2 See “Non-IFRS Measures” section in this MD&A for further details. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

land  package  in  the  Timmins  Mining  District,  northeastern  Ontario,  Canada,  which  lies  within  the  world  famous  Abitibi 
Greenstone Belt, and operated the Holt, Holloway and Taylor Mines (together, the “Holt Mine Complex”). 

Pursuant to the terms of the St Andrew Arrangement, Old Kirkland Lake Gold acquired each outstanding St Andrew common 
share in exchange for 0.0906 of one common share of the Old Kirkland Lake Gold (the “St Andrew Exchange Ratio”), which 
resulted in the issuance of 33,367,488 Old Kirkland Lake Gold shares.  Upon completion of the St Andrew Arrangement, former 
St Andrew shareholders held, in aggregate, a 29% interest in the then consolidated company.  In addition, Old Kirkland Lake 
Gold also authorized up to an additional 1,566,881 shares upon exercise of the stock options held by the former option holders 
of St Andrew.  Following the completion of the St Andrew Arrangement, St Andrew continued as a wholly owned subsidiary of 
Old Kirkland Lake Gold and the results of operations from St Andrew, including activities at the Holt Mine Complex, are included 
in the results of the Company’s operations for the period of January 26, 2016 to December 31, 2016. 

The Company determined that the acquisition of St Andrew was a business combination in accordance with IFRS 3,  Business 
Combinations, and as such has accounted for this transaction using the acquisition method with Old Kirkland Lake Gold being 
the acquirer.  For further analysis and details on the fair value of the consideration transferred to St Andrew shareholders and 
the  purchase  price  allocation  to  the  identified  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  refer  to  the  Company’s  audited 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, note 6. 

BUSINESS COMBINATION WITH NEWMARKET 

The acquisition of Newmarket was completed on November 30, 2016 (the “closing date”).  Pursuant to the Plan of Arrangement 
with Newmarket (“Newmarket Arrangement”), Old Kirkland Lake shareholders received 2.1053 Newmarket shares for each 
Old Kirkland Lake share outstanding at the closing date.  Concurrent with the closing, the Company undertook a 0.475 for 1 
share consolidation with former shareholders of Newmarket receiving 0.475 of a post-consolidated Company share for every 
1 pre-consolidated share of Newmarket in order to set the post combination share capital in line with Old Kirkland Lake share 
capital. 

On closing of the Arrangement, the Company had 202,289,193 post-consolidation common shares issued and outstanding with 
approximately 58% of the common shares being held by former shareholders of Old Kirkland Lake and approximately 42% by 
former shareholders of Newmarket.  In addition, the Company assumed all outstanding stock options, performance share units 
and phantom share units of Newmarket.   

Prior  to  the  completion  of  the  transaction,  Newmarket  was  a  Canadian  TSX  listed  gold  producer  with  three  100%  owned 
underground operating mines in Australia: the Fosterville Gold Mine and the Stawell Gold Mine located in the state of Victoria, 
and the Cosmo Gold Mine located in the Northern Territory.  In addition, Newmarket owned a  number of growth projects 
within Australia, including the Maud Creek Gold Project in the Northern Territory and the Big Hill Gold Project in the state of 
Victoria.    Following  the  completion  of  the  Newmarket  Arrangement,  the  results  of  operations  from  Newmarket,  including 
activities  at  each  of  the  three  Australian  mines,  are  included  in  the  results  of  the  Company’s  operations  for  the  period  of 
November 30, 2016 to December 31, 2016. 

The  Company  determined  that  the  transaction  with  Newmarket  was  a  business  combination  in  accordance  with  IFRS  3, 
Business Combinations, and as such has accounted for this transaction using the acquisition method with Old Kirkland Lake 
Gold  being  the  acquirer.    For  further  analysis  and details  on  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  to  Newmarket 
shareholders and the purchase price allocation to the identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed, refer to the Company’s 
audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016, note 6. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

COMPANY OUTLOOK 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  the  Company  reported  a  record  consolidated  gold  production  of  314,495  ounces 
(including 18,657 ounces from one month of operations in Australia attributed to the Company, from November 30, 2016 to 
December 31, 2016, following the acquisition of Newmarket).  The Canadian mine operations combined for a total of 295,838 
ounces of gold production in 2016, which exceeded the total guidance of 270,000 to 290,000 originally provided in April 2016 
due primarily to increased production at Macassa at significantly higher grade in 2016 when compared the prior year.  Macassa 
provided strong annual performance, representing over 55% of total consolidated production for the year ended 2016.  The 
strong  operational  results  have  resulted  in  the  Company  attaining  a  robust  balance  sheet  with  $234.9  million  in  cash  and 
working capital of $92.3 million as at December 31, 2016, a solid position to withstand recent and ongoing gold price volatility. 

The Company was below guidance on operating cash costs per ounce sold and AISC per ounce sold for the year ended 2016 
due to production improvements at the mines and overall weaker Canadian dollar in Q4 2016 compared to earlier in 2016, and 
an increase in ounces sold as a result of higher production at increased average grades. 

Actual operating cash costs per ounce sold was $571/oz compared to guidance of between $600/oz and $650/oz.  Actual AISC 
per ounce sold for the year was $923/oz compared to guidance of between $1,000/oz and $1,050/oz. 

On December 13, 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold announced the transitioning of the Stawell Gold Mine (“Stawell”) in Australia to 
care and maintenance and the Holloway Gold Mine (“Holloway”) in Canada to a temporary suspension of  operations.  Both 
mine sites will be maintained in a production ready state to allow restarting the operations in the future with meaningful and 
enhanced economics subject to successful exploration programs being completed.  The transition to care and maintenance 
and temporary suspension of operations allows the Company to focus on the highest quality gold ounces in the portfolio and 
thereby help create the best investment vehicle for our shareholders. 

Kirkland Lake Gold is focused on growing shareholder value by maintaining a strong foundation of quality gold production, 
cash flow generation and reinvestment in tier 1 district scale assets located in Canada and Australia.  Extensive exploration 
potential, improved visibility to increase mine life, and excess milling capacity at each operation, positions Kirkland Lake Gold 
to  organically  grow  production  to  increase  value  for  its  shareholders.    The  combination  of  the  high-grade  Macassa  Mine 
Complex and the low-cost Fosterville and Taylor Gold Mines, will form the production backbone of the Company going into 
2017  and  future  years.    Kirkland  Lake  Gold’s  strong  balance  sheet  provides  financial  flexibility  to  support  its  strategy  and 
aggressively explore district scale opportunities, following the exciting high-grade discoveries made in 2016 and early 2017. 

Taking into account the two acquisitions during 2016 of St Andrew and Newmarket, Kirkland Lake Gold provides the following 
consolidated guidance  for 2017, which  is consistent  and unchanged from the Company’s news release dated February 27, 
2017:  

Canadian Mines 

Australian Mines 

Macassa 

Holt 

Taylor 

Fosterville 

Cosmo 

  Consolidated 

180,000 
to 185,000 
$552 - 
$568 

Gold production (oz)   

Operating cash costs per ounce sold (1) 

AISC per ounce sold (1) 

Operating costs (in millions) 

Royalty costs (in millions) 

Sustaining and growth capital  
(in millions) 
Exploration expenditures (in millions) 

Corporate G&A expenses (in millions) 

65,000         

55,000         

140,000      

60,000          

500,000           

to 70,000 
$672 - 
$723 

to 60,000 
$551 - 
$601 

to 145,000 
$467 - 
$484 

to 65,000 
$941 - 
$1,020 

to 525,000 

$625 - $675 

  $950 - $1,000 

$310 - $320 

$16 - $20 

$180 - $200 

$45 - $55 

$14 

(1)  Operating Cash Costs per ounce sold and AISC per ounce sold reflect an average US$ to C$ exchange rate of 1.28 and a US$ to A$ exchange rate of 1.28. 

(2)  See the sections on “Forward Looking Information” and “Risk Factors” for further information and details. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

KEY PERFORMANCE DRIVERS 

The Company’s results of operations, financial condition, financial performance and cash flows are affected by various business 
conditions and trends.  The variability of gold prices, fluctuating currency rates and increases and decreases in costs of materials 
and  consumables  associated  with  the  Company’s  mining  activities  are  the  primary  economic  factors  that  have  impacted 
financial results during the three months and year ended December 31, 2016.  The Company’s key internal performance drivers 
are production volumes and costs which are discussed throughout this MD&A, specifically in sections, “Review of Operating 
Mines” and “Consolidated Financial Review”.  The key external performance drivers are the price of gold and foreign exchange 
rates. 

GOLD PRICE 

The price of gold is the most significant external factor affecting profitability and cash flow of the Company and therefore, the 
financial performance of the Company is expected to be closely linked to the price of gold.  The price of gold is subject to 
volatile price fluctuations over short periods of time and can be affected by numerous macroeconomic conditions, including 
supply and demand factors, value of the US dollar, interest rates, global economic and political issues, including for example 
in 2016, uncertainty associated with Britain’s vote to leave the European Union (“Brexit”) and the US Presidential election, 
inflation concerns, and other such events or concerns. 

The price of gold fell by more than 11% in 2015 as the US currency strengthened as a result of market expectations of an 
increase in the US benchmark interest rate.  For the year ended December 31, 2015, the gold price average was $1,160/oz, 
and ended 2015 at $1,060/oz (based on an average of the London Bullion Market Association (“LBMA”) P.M. fix closing gold 
price).  For the first three quarters of 2016, gold prices rose steadily quarter over quarter, with the Q3 2016 LBMA P.M. fix 
averaging $1,335/oz (the Q1 2016 average was $1,183/oz and the Q2 2016 average was $1,260/oz).  The increases in the first 
nine months of 2016 were the result of numerous factors including uncertainty on the US benchmark interest rate hikes, the 
US Presidential election year, and as a result of the uncertainty of events leading up to and following Brexit.  During Q4 2016, 
gold prices retreated from the Q3 2016 average high to a Q4 2016 average of $1,221/oz with events up to and following the 
US Presidential election having an initial downward impact on gold prices.  As at December 31, 2016 gold prices closed at 
$1,146/oz based on the LBMA P.M. fix.  

In early 2017, gold prices remained volatile but have risen from the closing 2016 price, reaching a high of $1,257/oz in February 
2017 and sustaining prices over $1,200/oz for most of February and March 2017.  Management considers that the outlook for 
the remainder of 2017 and the long term environment remain favourable for the business citing global economic trends such 
as global, political and geopolitical uncertainties (elections in France and Germany in 2017 and the effect of policy changes in 
the US as a result of its new administration), rising inflation expectations, and growth in the Asian markets. 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company did not engage in any active hedging program and management believes the Company 
is  well  positioned  to  benefit  from  increases  in  the  price  of  gold  while  continuing  to  focus  on  cost  management,  mine 
efficiencies, and low cost gold production from its existing mines. 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES 

The Company’s reporting currency is the US Dollar, however its operations are in Canada and Australia, where its functional 
currencies are the Canadian and Australian dollars respectively.  Consequently, the Company’s operating results are influenced 
significantly by changes in the US dollar exchange rates against these other currencies.  Weaker Canadian and Australian dollars 
decrease costs in US dollar terms at the Company’s Canadian and Australian operations, as well as reducing capital costs at the 
Company’s operations as a significant portion of the capital costs are denominated in Canadian and Australian dollars.  The 
impact  of  the  Australian  dollar  fluctuations  only  affect  the  Company’s  operations  from  the  date  of  the  acquisition  of 
Newmarket Gold which closed on November 30, 2016.   

Diverging monetary policies impacted the US dollar, which gained against major global currencies.  Over the last few years, the 
Canadian and Australian dollars have had similar trajectories when compared to the US dollar with only slight variations for 
short periods of time.  As at December 31, 2016, the Australian dollar was worth $0.7229 and the Canadian dollar was worth 
$0.7448 against the US dollar, while the average rates for Q4 2016 for the Australian dollar was $0.7495 and the Canadian 
dollar was $0.7494, against the US dollar.  The Australian currency, prior to the Company’s acquisition of Newmarket Gold, had 
no impact on the Company’s operations prior to November 30, 2016.  For Q4 2015, the Canadian currency was little changed 
when compared to Q4 2016 as it averaged $0.7490 in the prior comparable period.  While 2015 saw the Canadian currency 
weaken against the US dollar by approximately 15% over the course of the year, 2016 saw the Canadian dollar, following a 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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sharp gain in Q1 2016, remain relatively range bound and remain close to the average for the year ended December 31, 2016, 
which was $0.7545. 

In early 2017, both the Canadian and Australian dollar have strengthened slightly since the end of 2016, with the Canadian 
currency trading above $0.76 and the Australian dollar trading above $0.75 at times.  However, much like gold prices, currency 
rates  can  be  volatile  and  fluctuations  can  occur  as  a  result  of  many  different  events,  including  but  not  limited  to,  global 
economies, government intervention, interest rate  hikes and policies of the new US administration which have yet to take 
hold.  Current 2017 forecasts project a weaker Canadian dollar and a relatively flat Australian dollar over the course of the 
year.    The  Company  does  not  currently  have  a  foreign  exchange  hedging  program  in  place  to  guard  against  significant 
fluctuations in either the Canadian or Australian dollar. 

UPDATED RESOURCES AND RESERVES 

In March 2017, the Company provided an update on its consolidated 2016 year end Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources.   

The  technical  reports  prepared  in  accordance  with  National  Instrument  43-101  supporting  the  2016  Mineral  Reserve  and 
Mineral  Resource  estimates  will  be  filed  under  the  SEDAR  profile  of  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  Ltd.  on  March  30,  2017  at 
www.sedar.com.  Highlights of the reports include the following: 

  Macassa Mineral Reserves increased from December 31, 2014 by 37% to 2,010,000 ounces of gold, after two years of 
depletion totaling 336,000 ounces.  Mineral Reserve grade increased by 7% to 20.8 g/t Au from the previous grade of 
19.3 g/t Au. 

 

 

 

Fosterville Mineral Reserves increased from December 31, 2015 by 66% to 643,000 ounces of gold, after depletion of 
151,755  ounces.  Mineral  Reserve  grade  increased  27%  to  9.2  g/t  Au  from  7.3  g/t  Au.  Excluding  Carbon-In-Leach 
Residues (“CIL”), after depletion, Fosterville’s Mineral Reserves increased over 100% to 490,000 ounces at an average 
grade of 9.8 g/t Au (1,560,000 tonnes). 

Total Canadian Mineral Reserves increased by 20% between 2014 and 2016 to 2,750,000 ounces of gold. 

Total  Australian  Mineral  Reserves  increased  by  24%  from  December  31,  2015  to  952,000  ounces  of  gold,  mainly 
attributable to the 66% increase in Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves at Fosterville underpinned by down-plunge 
extensions of the high-grade, visible gold-bearing Lower Phoenix Gold Zone and the discovery of visible gold-bearing 
Harrier Zone. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
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The Canadian and Australian Mineral Reserves and Resources effective December 31, 2016 are summarized as follows: 

CONSOLIDATED CANADIAN AND AUSTRALIAN MINERAL RESERVES, EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 31, 2016 3 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces (000’s) 

2016 

Macassa  

Taylor  

Holt 

Holloway 

Hislop  

Canadian Operations  

3,000 

743 

3,950 

58 

176 

7,930 

20.8 

5.4 

4.5 

5.7 

5.8 

10.8 

2016 

2,010 

129 

570 

10 

33 

2,750 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces (000’s) 

Fosterville  

Northern Territory (“NT”)   

Stawell  

Australian Operations  

Notes 

2,170 

2,400 

2,700 

7,280 

9.2 

2.3 

1.5 

4.1 

643 

177 

132 

952 

CIM definitions (2014) were followed in the calculation of Mineral Reserves 

1) 
2)  Mineral Reserves were estimated using a long-term gold price of US$1,200/oz (C$1,500/oz; A$1,500/oz) 
3) 

Cut-off grades for Canadian Assets were calculated for each stope, including the costs of: mining, milling, General and Administration, royalties and 
capital expenditures and other modifying factors (e.g. dilution, mining extraction, mill recovery. 
Cut-off grades for Australian Assets from 0.4 g/t Au to 3.1 g/t Au, depending upon width, mining method and ground conditions; Dilution and 
mining recovery factors varied by property 

4) 

5)  Mineral  Reserves estimates for  the  Canadian  Assets were  prepared under  the  supervision  of  P.  Rocque,  P.  Eng.,  the  Vice  President,  Technical 

Services of the Company. 

6)  Mineral Reserves estimates for the Fosterville property were prepared under the supervision of Ion Hann, FAusIMM. 
7) 
Fosterville CIL Residues are stated as Proven contained ounces. Mill recovery of 25% are planned, based on operating performance. 
8)  Mineral Reserves estimates for the Northern Territory property were prepared under the supervision of Jason Keily, FAusIMM (CP). 
9)  Mineral Reserves estimates for the Stawell property were prepared under the supervision of Ian Holland, FAusIMM. 
10)  Totals may not add exactly due to rounding. 

CONSOLIDATED CANADIAN AND AUSTRALIAN MINERAL RESOURCES, EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 31, 2016 2 

Measured & Indicated  

Inferred  

2016 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces 
(000’s) 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces 
(000’s) 

Macassa  

Taylor  

Holt 

Holloway 

Hislop  

2,480 

2,760 

6,970 

1,370 

1,150 

Aquarius  

22,300 

Canamax 

Ludgate  

Canadian 
Operations 

240 

522 

37,800 

16.6 

1,320 

5.6 

4.2 

5.3 

3.6 

1.3 

5.1 

4.1 

3.4 

493 

947 

231 

132 

926 

39 

68 

4,160 

1,420 

1,810 

8,690 

2,710 

797 

9 

170 

1,400 

17,000 

20.2 

5.4 

4.7 

5.2 

3.7 

0.8 

4.3 

3.6 

6.0 

924 

313 

1,320 

456 

95 

0 

23 

162 

3,300 

3 Mineral Resources are exclusive of Mineral Reserves for Canadian Assets and Mineral Resources are inclusive of Mineral Reserves for Australian Assets.   

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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Measured & Indicated  

Inferred  

2016 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces 
(000’s) 

Tonnes (000’s) 

Gold Grade (g/t) 

Gold Ounces 
(000’s) 

Fosterville  

NT  

Stawell  

Australian 
Operations 

15,300 

30,700 

3,710 

49,700 

5.7 

2.2 

2.1 

3.3 

2,790 

2,180 

246 

5,220 

5,400 

15,100 

1,130 

21,700 

4.6 

2.3 

2.9 

2.9 

792 

1,110 

104 

2,000 

Notes 
1) 
2) 
3) 
4) 
5) 
6) 

7) 
8) 

9) 
10) 

11) 

12) 
13) 

14) 
15) 
16) 

CIMM definitions (2014) were followed in the calculation of Mineral Resource 
Mineral Resources are reported Exclusive of Mineral Reserves for the Canadian assets. 
Mineral Resource estimates were prepared under the supervision of D. Cater, P. Geo. Vice President Exploration Canada 
Canadian Assets consist of Macassa, Holt, Taylor, Holloway, Canamax, Ludgate, Hislop, Aquarius 
Mineral Resources are estimated using a long-term gold price of US$1,200/oz (C$1,500/oz) 
Mineral Resources were estimated using a 8.57 g/t cut-off grade for Macassa, a 2.9 g/t cut-off grade for Holt, and a 2.6 g/t cut-off grade for Taylor, 
a 3.9 g/t cut-off grade (Holloway), a 2.5 g/t cut-off grade for Canamax and Ludgate, a 2.2 g/t cut-off grade for Hislop and 0 g/t cut-off grade for 
Aquarius. 
Mineral Resources for the Australian assets are reported Inclusive of Mineral Reserves. 
Mineral Resources at Fosterville were estimated using cut-off grades of 0.7 g/t Au for oxide and 1.0 g/t Au for sulfide mineralization to potentially 
open-pitable depths of approximately 100m, below which a cut-off grade of 3.0 g/t Au was used. 
Carbon-In-Leach Residues at Fosterville is stated as contained ounces – 25% recovery is expected based on operating performances. 
Mineral Resources in the Northern Territory were estimated using a cut-off grade of 0.5 g/t Au for potentially open-pitable mineralization and cut-
offs of 1.5 to 2.0g/t Au for underground mineralization. 
Mineral Resources at the Stawell property were estimated using a 0.35g/t Au cut-off grade for potentially open-pitable mineralization and a range 
of cut-offs (2.0 to 2.3 g/t Au) for underground mineralization. 
Mineral Resource estimates for the Fosterville property were prepared under the supervision of Troy Fuller, MAIG.  
Mineral Resource estimates for the Northern Territory properties, excluding the Maud Creek Deposit, were prepared under the supervision of Mark 
Edwards, FAusIMM (CP). 
Mineral Resource estimates for the Maud Creek property in the Northern Territory, was prepared by Danny Kentwell, FAusIMM.   
Mineral Resource estimates for the Stawell property were prepared under the supervision of John Winterbottom, MAIG.  
Totals may not add up due to rounding.   

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY 

The following table provides key summarized consolidated financial information for the Company’s operations for the three 
months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  as  well  as  comparative  figures  for  the  two  months  and  eight  months  ended 
December 31, 2015.  Discussion of these results are included in this MD&A under the section, “Consolidated Financial Review”. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

20 

(in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts)Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Two Months Ended December 31, 2015Year Ended                   December 31, 2016Eight Months Ended December 31, 2015   Revenue$134,225 $27,860 $406,664 $115,796    Production costs$66,152 $15,399 $198,369 $64,730    Net earnings before taxes$11,194 $1,888 $73,263 $12,802    Net earnings$3,076 $609 $42,107 $5,731    Earnings per share - basic$0.02 $0.01 $0.35 $0.07    Earnings per share - diluted$0.02 $0.01 $0.34 $0.07    Cash flow from operations$65,014 $11,388 $180,927 $39,358    Cash investment on mine development and PPE$23,885 $5,178 $73,694 $25,537  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED KEY PERFORMANCE MEASURES 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

RECORD PRODUCTION AND REVENUE FOR THE QUARTER AND YEAR ENDED 2016 

On a consolidated basis, the Company produced a record Q4 2016 total of 106,609 ounces of gold, 38% higher than Q3 2016 
and  56%  higher  than  Q2  2016.    Q4  2016  includes  one  month  production  from  the  newly  acquired  Australian  operations 
contributing  18,657  ounces  in  the  month  of  December.    2016  was  a  transformational  year  for  the  Company  following  the 
acquisitions  of  both  Newmarket  and  St  Andrew  which  directly  impacted  the  overall  production  of  the  Company  in  2016 
compared to 2015, as the prior periods in 2015 only represent the results of Macassa, while 2016 includes the operations of 
the  Holt  Mine  Complex  from  January  26,  2016  onwards  and  the  Australia  operations  from  November  30,  2016  onwards.  
Production in 2016 was led largely by Macassa, which accounted for 49% of consolidated production in Q4 2016 and 56% in 
the  full  year  2016.    The  acquisition  of  the  Australian  mines,  will  provide  greater  diversification  of  gold  production,  with 
Fosterville in Australia and Macassa in Canada accounting for the largest percentage of the Company’s overall gold production 
in 2017. 

For Q4 2016, the Company processed a total of 469,968 tonnes at an average grade of 7.5 g/t and a recovery of 93.6%.  When 
compared to Q3 2016, tonnes increased by 162,082 tonnes and consolidated average grade and recoveries decreased from 
8.2 g/t and 95.7% respectively.  The higher tonnes produced and lower grade and recoveries, reflect the inclusion of Australian 
operations at Cosmo and the Stawell for the month of December 2016.  Stawell was transitioned to care and maintenance in 
December 2016, as described below in “Review of Operating Mines” to ensure the Company continues to focus on the highest 
quality ounces of production at the most effective costs for maximum value.  Production data from 2015 includes information 
from Macassa only, as the Company did not acquire the Holt Mine Complex and the Australian operations until 2016. 

2016 annual production of 314,495 ounces of gold (which includes 18,657 ounces from Australian operations in December 
2016) surpassed the Company’s full year 2016 guidance of between 270,000 to 290,000 ounces of production due primarily to 
the increased production levels at Macassa year over year including increased grade, with run of mine head grade of 16.5 g/t 
gold for 2016. 

The record production for the period directly resulted in record revenue for both Q4 2016 and the year ended 2016 totaling 
$134.2 million and $406.7 million respectively.  While Q4 2016 saw a decline in overall realized gold price to $1,202/oz when 
compared to the Q3 2016 average of $1,321/oz, the overall pricing was higher than both the two months and eight month 
comparative figures for 2015 of $1,102/oz and $1,145/oz respectively.   

Quarter over quarter in 2016, total revenues have increased significantly as a result of the acquisitions discussed above, the 
resulting increase in production ounces and with the gold price increasing in 2016 when compared to 2015.  Consolidated 
revenue in Q1 2016 was $79.9 million, increasing to $91.7 million in Q2 2016, then $100.8 million in Q3 2016 and finally $134.2 
million in Q4 2016. 

DECREASED UNIT COSTS FOR BOTH Q4 AND ANNUAL 2016  

Total production costs for Q4 2016 were $66.2 million compared to $15.4 million in production costs for the two months ended 
December 31, 2015.  Total production costs for 2016 are $198.4 million compared to $64.8 million for the eight months ended 
December 31, 2015.  The increase in production costs overall relate to the increased production from multiple mine sites as a 
result of the acquisition of St Andrew and Newmarket in 2016 (2015 information includes only operation results from Macassa) 
as well the result of comparing Q4 2016 and full annual 2016 results against two and eight month periods ending December 
31, 2015. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

21 

Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Two Months Ended December 31, 2015Year Ended                   December 31, 2016Eight Months Ended December 2015   Tonnes milled                   469,968                      62,158                 1,304,037                    225,729    Grade (g/t Au)                           7.5                          14.1                            7.9                          14.4    Recovery (%)                         93.6                          97.2                          95.1                          97.1    Gold produced (oz)                   106,609                      27,604                    314,495                    102,597    Gold Sold (oz)                   111,690                      25,284                    329,489                    101,094    Averaged realized price ($/oz sold)$1,202 $1,102 $1,234 $1,145    Operating cash costs per ounce sold ($/oz sold)$533 $604 $571 $638    AISC ($/oz sold)$883 $1,006 $923 $970    Adjusted net earnings$27,909 $609 $75,282 $5,731  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

Operating cash costs per ounce sold for Q4 2016 averaged $533/oz, which is a decrease of 12% when compared to the two 
months  ended  December  31,  2015  of  $604/oz  and  was  lower  than  the  immediately  preceding  quarter  of  Q3  2016  which 
averaged $540/oz.   

A similar decrease in unit cost is noted for the year with average operating cash costs sold at $571/oz for 2016 (based on $198.4 
million in production costs for the year) when compared to $638/oz (based on $64.7 million in production costs for the period) 
for the eight months ended December 31, 2015.  AISC per ounce sold also saw a similar decline across comparable periods, 
averaging $883/oz in Q4 2016, a decrease of 9% when compared to the Q3 2016 average of $970/oz and a 12% decrease when 
compared  to  the  two  months  ended  December  31,  2015  average  of  $1,006.    For  2016,  AISC  per  ounce  sold  was  $923/oz 
compared to $970 for the eight month prior period ending December 31, 2015, a decrease of 5% year over year. 

Both annual 2016 operating cash costs and AISC per ounce sold were below 2016 guidance due to a weaker Canadian and 
Australian dollar, improvements at the mine sites, higher production rates and increased average grade at Macassa, for which 
original operating cash costs per ounce sold guidance was between $600/oz and $650/oz and AISC per ounce sold guidance 
was between $1,000/oz and $1,050/oz. 

The decrease in both unit costs was the result of a variety of factors including cost management strategies and efficiencies, 
obtaining  the  most  efficient  ounces  on  a  consolidated  basis,  the  acquisition  of  the  low  cost  producing  mine  at  Fosterville, 
Australia, higher production and sales levels, and a weaker Canadian and Australian dollar also assisted in lowering overall unit 
production costs. 

AUSTRALIAN OPERATIONS INCREASE TOTAL REVENUES BY $33.9 MILLION 

The acquisition of Newmarket aided the Company in achieving record revenues in Q4 2016 and for the year ended 2016, with 
Australian  operations  contributing  total  revenue  of  $33.9  million  for  the  period  since  acquisition  (November  30,  2016).  
Production was led by the Australian cornerstone assets at the Fosterville Gold Mine, which contributed a total of $23.0 million 
of revenue for the one month ended December 31, 2016, while incurring total operating cash costs of $8.3 million over the 
same period. 

Q4 2016 NET EARNINGS PER SHARE OF $0.02 AND ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS PER SHARE OF $0.19  

The Company introduced a new non-IFRS measure in Q3 2016, adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share (see 
the “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this MD&A for a full definition and reconciliation to net income. 

Net earnings for Q4 2016 was $3.1 million (or $0.02 per basic share) compared to net earnings of $0.6 million (or $0.01 per 
basic share) for the two months ended December 31, 2015.  When factoring into account certain one-time items totaling $24.9 
million, such as transaction costs on the acquisition of Newmarket and severance costs associated with the transition of Stawell 
to care and maintenance, adjusted net earnings for Q4 2016 is $27.9 million (or $0.19 per basic share).  The increase reflects 
higher production and revenue and lower operating costs overall, partially offset by the higher depreciation and depletion, 
higher  general  and  administrative  expenses  due  to  spending  on  integration  of  St  Andrew  and  Newmarket,  with  increased 
expenditures on exploration and deferred tax expense.   

The results of operations had a similar impact on net earnings over the course of 2016, equaling net earnings of $42.1 million 
(or $0.35 per basic share) compared to net earnings of $5.7 million (or $0.07 per basic share) for the eight month period ended 
December 31, 2015.  Adjusted net earnings for 2016 was $75.3 million, or $0.62 per basic share when taking into account one-
time items, totaling $33.1 million, such as transaction costs for the acquisition of Newmarket and St. Andrew and severance 
costs associated with the transition of Stawell to care and maintenance. 

STRENGTHENING FINANCIAL POSITION 

Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2016 totalled $234.9 million and receivables totalled $7.5 million compared to 
$67.7  million  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  $5.8  million  in  receivables  at  December  31,  2015.    Substantially  all  of  the 
receivables for both period ends was from gold dore sold for which cash had not yet been received. 

Working capital over the same periods also increased significantly, totaling $92.3 million as at December 31, 2016 compared 
to $62.4 million as at December 31, 2015.  The working capital as at December 31, 2016, includes the convertible debentures, 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

which are all current, of $85.0 million, and the current portion of finance leases totaling $12.9 million.  Based on the Company’s 
financial strength, strong cash and working capital position, management believes the Company has flexibility and can manage 
the current levels of convertible debentures as they become due. 

The improvement in the Company’s overall financial strength is largely the result of the increased production profile from the 
acquisition of both St Andrew and Newmarket in 2016.  The increase in cash reflects $180.9 million of cash flow from operations 
generated throughout 2016 and $22.4 million received from the issuance of common shares of the Company.  The Company 
also acquired $76.1 million in cash with the acquisitions of St Andrew and Newmarket during 2016.  During the year ended 
2016, $15.6 million was spent on finance lease payments, debenture interest and buybacks. 

In Q4 2016, the Company successfully repurchased 1% of an NSR to FNV on the Company’s land holdings in the Kirkland Lake 
Camp (Macassa) for $30.7 million, paid in Q4 2016, and thereby reducing the Company’s royalty rate on gold revenue from 
Macassa from 2.5% to 1.5%. 

REVIEW OF OPERATING MINES 

Canadian Mine Operations 

MACASSA MINE COMPLEX  

The Macassa Mine is located in the Municipality of Kirkland Lake, within Teck Township, District of Timiskaming, in the eastern 
part  of  Northern,  Ontario  Canada,  approximately  600  km  north  of  Toronto,  Canada.    The  Macassa  Mine  Complex  is  the 
Company’s flagship Canadian Mine Operation.  Situated in one of Canada’s most historic and renowned gold mining districts, 
the Kirkland Lake Camp, Macassa boasts proven and probable reserves of 3.0 million tonnes grading an average of 20.8 g/t 
gold for a total of 2.0 million ounces. 

The  Macassa  Mine  Complex  continued  to  deliver  solid  operating  results  during  Q4  2016  with  a  record  quarter  of  gold 
production  of  52,318  ounces  (an  average  of  17,439  ounces  per  month)  as  compared  to  production  of  27,604  ounces  (an 
average of 13,802 ounces per month) in the two months ended December 31, 2015. The increase in ounces is attributed to the 
additional tonnes at significantly higher grade ore milled during the quarter.  Excluding the lower grade processed during the 
quarter, Macassa achieved 74,745 tonnes of ore at an average grade of 21.6 g/t.  In comparison, the Company’s immediate 
prior quarter, Q3 2016, achieved total tonnes milled of 100,357 tonnes at an average grade of 13.7 g/t.  Excluding the lower 
grade processed in Q3 2016, Macassa achieved 81,462 tonnes of ore at an average grade of 16.5 g/t for a total of 42,866 ounces 
of gold produced, which highlights the impact of the improved grade performance at Macassa.  Mill recovery over all periods 
was strong, consistently over 97%. 

Development of the 5600’ Level and 5700’ Level in the lower SMC continues to be advanced in preparation for production in 
2017. The main decline development is ongoing and is currently below the 5700’ Level.  Areas of interest in Q1 2017, will be 
focusing on improving advance rates in the Lower SMC with the deployment of a 2 boom jumbo and additional equipment.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

23 

Operating resultsThree Months Ended December 31, 2016Two Months Ended December 31, 2015Year Ended                   December 31, 2016Eight Months Ended December 2015Total Ore Milled (t)                          102,288                             62,158                           396,633                           225,729     Run of Mine (t)                            74,745                             62,158                           331,353                           225,729     Low Grade (t)                            27,543                                       -                               65,280                                       -   Average Grade (g/t)                                 16.3                                  14.1                                  14.1                                  14.4     Run of Mine tonnes                                 21.6                                  14.1                                  16.5                                  14.4     Low Grade tonnes                                   2.3                                       -                                      2.0                                       -   Gold Oz Contained                            53,605                             28,387                           180,309                           105,622 Recovery (%)97.697.297.197.1Gold Oz Produced52,31827,604175,167102,597Development metres - operating                               1,153                                   707                                5,104                                3,548 Development metres - capital                               1,578                                   946                                5,282                                3,878 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$421 $604 $527 $638 AISC per ounce sold$834 $1,006 $907 $970 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$17,072 $7,960 $51,287 $26,069  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The  Macassa  Mine  Complex  produced  175,167  gold  ounces  in  the  twelve  months  ending  December  31,  2016  (an  average 
production rate of 14,597 ounces per month) as to compared production of 102,597 ounces of gold during the eight months 
ended December 31, 2015 (an average production rate of 12,825 ounces per month).  The increase can be attributed to a 
higher milled tonne rate for 2016 compared to the prior period and a higher run of mine average grade of 16.5 g/t compared 
to the prior eight month period ended December 31, 2015 of 14.4 g/t.  

The Company continues to focus on obtaining the best value for its ounces produced.  At Macassa, costs have trended down 
compared to prior year and in comparison to the immediately prior quarter, with operating cash costs per ounce sold averaging 
$421/oz in Q4 2016 compared to $713/oz in Q3 2016.  The lower costs were the result of production improvements at the 
mine and an overall weaker Canadian dollar in Q4 2016 compared to earlier in 2016, and an increase in ounces sold as a result 
of higher production at increased average grades.   

In Q4 2016, in planning for the future of mining operations at the Macassa Mine, the Company determined that it would be in 
its best interests to begin permitting a new tailings facility and phasing out use of the existing tailings facility.  As part of that 
decision, the Company identified additional rehabilitation work not contemplated in the original closure plan that the Company 
determined to be necessary to safely close and reclaim the tailings area. 

HOLT MINE COMPLEX  

The 100% owned Holt Mine Complex consists of three mines, the Holt Mine and Mill and the Holloway Mine, which are located 
at the eastern end of East Timmins, within the Timmins Mining District in northeastern Ontario and the Taylor Mine located 
53 km east of Timmins, Ontario (approximately 68 km by road west of the Holt Mill).  The Holt-Holloway property package is 
comprised of 48 separate property elements totaling 691 claims for an aggregate area of 15,172 hectares.  The Taylor Mine 
consists of 31 patented claims for a total area covering 1,067 hectares.  In total, the three mines comprise a total proven and 
probable reserves estimated at 709,000 ounces of gold. 

The following table outlines the Holt Mine Complex operations as a combined entity, with a breakdown of each mine’s results 
defined and discussed further below.  The information below represents the results from the Holt Mine Complex (and the 
individual mines that comprise the Holt Mine Complex, being the Holt Mine, the Taylor Mine, and the Holloway Mine) and 
show only the results from the date of the St Andrew acquisition (January 26, 2016).  No information is presented for the 
periods prior to that date, as the Company was not entitled to the economic benefits of operations at the Holt Mine Complex 
prior to that date. 

1   Results of the Holt Mine Complex included from the date of St Andrew acquisition (January 26, 2016). 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

24 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                  226,968                                    766,693     Run of Mine (t)                                  224,532                                    756,923     Low Grade (t)                                       2,436                                         9,770 Average Grade (g/t)                                           5.3                                              5.2     Run of Mine tonnes                                           5.3                                              5.3     Low Grade tonnes                                           2.1                                              2.4 Gold Oz Contained                                    38,391                                    128,617 Recovery (%)92.893.8Gold Oz Produced35,634120,671Development metres - operating                                       1,264                                         6,247 Development metres - capital                                       2,122                                         7,530 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$537 $599 AISC per ounce sold$937 $950 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$10,531 $31,238 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HOLT MINE  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

1   Results of the Holt Mine included from the date of St Andrew acquisition (January 26, 2016). 

During Q4 2016, the Holt Mine produced a total of 15,761 ounces of gold, being the highest production of any quarter in 2016, 
bringing the total annual production attributed to Kirkland Lake Gold to 53,234 ounces.  Average grade and recovery in Q4 
were also in line with the annual figures and expectations overall at 4.6 g/t and 94.5% respectively.  While grade slipped slightly 
from Q3 2016, which was an average of 4.8 g/t gold, tonnes milled increased by over 12% in Q4 2016 from Q3 2016, which 
resulted in the increase of quarterly gold production from 14,950 ounces in Q3 2016 to 15,761 ounces in Q4 2016.  Gold was 
mainly derived from Zone 4 on the 925m Level and 1075m Level mining areas and from Zone 6 on the 775m Level and 925m 
Level. 

Unit costs over the course of 2016 have also decreased quarter over quarter at the Holt Mine as a result of a reduction in the 
reliance on contractors throughout the course of the year, as the Company replaced various contractors with new staff and 
thereby reduced overall costs.  The Company’s unit costing was also improved as a result of a decrease in the value of the 
Canadian dollar throughout 2016, reaching some of its weaker levels towards the end of the year, as well as the increase in 
gold  production  and  gold  sales  quarter  over  quarter.    Total  operating  cash  cost  per  ounce  sold  for  Q4  2016  was  $542/oz 
comparing favorably to Q3 2016 costs of $550/oz.  In addition, AISC per ounce decreased to $1,055/oz in Q4 2016 compared 
to Q3 2016 AISC of $1,075/oz, which was impacted by the purchase of various mining equipment in Q3 2016. 

TAYLOR GOLD MINE  

1   Results of the Holt Mine included from the date of St Andrew acquisition (January 26, 2016). 

Overall,  a  decrease  in  milled  ore  in  Q4  2016  to  48,254  tonnes  from  the  Q3  2016  total  of  52,466  tonnes  combined  with  a 
decrease  in  grade  to  6.7  g/t  compared  to  an  average  of  7.1  g/t  in  Q3  2016  resulted  in  a  decrease  of  14%  in  overall  gold 
production in Q4 2016 to 10,048 ounces when comparing to the immediate preceding quarter. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

25 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                  113,499                                    386,972 Average Grade (g/t)                                           4.6                                              4.5 Gold Oz Contained                                    16,684                                       56,334 Recovery (%)94.594.5Gold Oz Produced15,76153,234Development metres - operating                                          381                                         2,198 Development metres - capital                                       1,186                                         4,134 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$542 $623 AISC per ounce sold$1,055 $1,061 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$5,682 $16,846 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1)Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                    48,254                                    188,767     Run of Mine (t)                                    45,818                                    178,997     Low Grade (t)                                       2,436                                         9,770 Average Grade (g/t)                                           6.7                                              7.0     Run of Mine tonnes                                           7.0                                              7.2     Low Grade tonnes                                           2.1                                              2.4 Gold Oz Contained                                    10,288                                       41,474 Recovery (%)96.196.5Gold Oz Produced10,04840,746Development metres - operating                                          515                                         2,014 Development metres - capital                                          810                                         2,966 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$446 $438 AISC per ounce sold$812 $711 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$3,384 $10,036 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The overall operating cash costs per ounce  sold for Q4 2016 was  slightly higher than  the 2016 annual average at  $446/oz 
compared to $438/oz for the annual 2016.  The increase was also affected in AISC at $812/oz sold in Q4 2016 compared to 
$711/oz for the year ended 2016.  The increase in unit costs in Q4 2016 was primarily due to a decrease in average grade over 
the course of the same periods and thereby resulted in a decrease in ounces produced and sold over the same periods.   

HOLLOWAY GOLD MINE  

1   Results of the Holt Mine included from the date of St Andrew acquisition (January 26, 2016). 

Holloway produced 9,825 ounces of gold derived mainly from the Blacktop Zone and from the Smoke Deep Zone. The head 
grade achieved during the quarter of 5.4 g/t was 8% higher than expected due to stope sequencing, with mill recoveries of 
87.3% a slight decrease from the prior quarter as a result of levels of graphitic ore in the materials processed. 

In December 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold announced the transitioning of the Holloway Gold Mine to a temporary suspension of 
operations.  The mine will be maintained in a production ready state with the intent of restarting the operation in the future 
with meaningful and enhanced economics and pending successful exploration programs being completed. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

26 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                    65,215                                    190,954 Average Grade (g/t)                                           5.4                                              4.9 Gold Oz Contained                                    11,253                                       30,069 Recovery (%)87.388.8Gold Oz Produced9,82527,129Development metres - operating                                          368                                         2,035 Development metres - capital                                          126                                             430 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$623 $811 AISC per ounce sold$885 $1,104 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$1,464 $4,348 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

Australian Mine Operations 

FOSTERVILLE GOLD MINE  

The Fosterville Gold Mine is located approximately 20 km northeast of the town of Bendigo and 130km north of the city of 
Melbourne  in  Victoria,  Australia.    With  a  noteworthy  history  of  gold  mining  in  the  area  dating  back  to  1894,  the  current 
Fosterville Gold Mine commenced commercial production in April 2005 with a sulphide plant that has produced well over a 
million ounces since that time.  Proven and Probable Reserves were recently calculated at 643,000 ounces of gold grading an 
average of 9.2 g/t (including CIL residues of 616,000 tonnes grading 7.2 g/t gold for 153,000 oz). 

(1)  The operational information presented in these columns include operating results for the Fosterville Gold Mine for the three months ended December 31, 
2016 and for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The data is for information purposes only and includes information from the period of January 1, 2016 
to November 29, 2016, prior to the  acquisition  of Fosterville Gold Mine  by Kirkland Lake Gold  as part of the  Newmarket Arrangement.  No financial 
information is presented for these periods or prior comparative periods as the Company was not entitled to the economic benefits of operations at the 
Fosterville Gold Mine prior to November 30, 2016. 

Fosterville performed strongly in the month of December 2016, producing 13,196 ounces of gold.  For perspective, this result 
helped confirm a new quarterly production record of 44,406 ounces (previous record – 37,245 ounces in Q2 2016) and a new 
annual record of 151,755 ounces (previous record – 123,095 ounces in 2016).  For the month of December 2016, mined tonnes 
were lower (in comparison to prior historical months) with the operation focused on optimizing the extraction of high-grade 
lenses on multiple levels in the Lower Phoenix area.  The resultant grade established a new monthly mined grade record of 
11.0 g/t in December and quarterly mined grade record of 9.5 g/t. 

Mine development advanced 573 metres in December and an average monthly rate of 566 metres in Q4 2016, below the rate 
in Q3 2016 (-15%).  Significant investment in diamond drilling also continued with nine rigs in action at year end, drilling a 
combination of exploration and resource definition programs.  The focus of activities was predominantly on the Harrier South 
and Lower Phoenix systems with each yielding significant high-grade intercepts containing visible gold as reported during the 
quarter and subsequently in January 2017 (see section Growth and Exploration – Fosterville Mine in this MD&A). 

During the month of December 2016, the mill processed 56,754 tonnes at an average grade of 7.9 g/t Au and a 91.7% recovery.  
Mill throughput was driven by availability of mine tonnes in addition to an 11,000 tonne drawdown in the stockpile over the 
month.  When compared to historical operational data, mill recovery was strong with a new quarterly record of 92.4% achieved 
(previous record – 90.8% in Q2 2016) due to a combination of higher mill feed grade and slightly lower proportion of black 
shale-associated ore.   

Fosterville achieved operating cash costs per ounce of $420/oz for the month of December and all-in sustaining costs per ounce 
of $641/oz, as the operation realized the benefit of the focus on total extraction mining methods and the resultant higher 
grades and continues to benefit from a weaker Australian dollar when compared to the US dollar over the course of the last 
five  years.    Sustaining  capital  expenditures  of  $3.4  million  for  the  month  was  driven  predominantly  by  underground 
development and resource definition drilling and was broadly aligned to average monthly expenditure for 2016.   

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

27 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                     56,754                                      176,242                                     693,066 Average Grade (g/t)                                            7.9                                               8.5                                               7.6 Gold Oz Contained                                     14,392                                        48,063                                     168,495 Recovery (%)91.792.490.1Gold Oz Produced13,19644,406151,755Development metres - operating                                           255                                              927                                          3,419 Development metres - capital                                           318                                              771                                          3,580 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$420 AISC per ounce sold$641 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$3,401 One Month Ended December 31, 2016Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 (1)Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

COSMO GOLD MINE  

The Cosmo Gold Mine and the operations in the area is comprised of a group of mineral tenements totaling over 2,000 km2 in 
the Northern Territory, Australia, which includes an inventory of historical gold discoveries, historical and modern gold mines, 
and current mineral resources and mineral reserves.  The Cosmo Gold Mine has a total Proven and Probable Reserves of 63,000 
ounces of gold grading an average of 2.3 g/t and additional exploration opportunities in the surrounding areas.  The area also 
houses  the  100%  owned  Maud  Creek  Gold  Project,  discussed  later  in  this  MD&A,  a  development  opportunity  with  an 
established Preliminary Economic Assessment completed in 2016.  The Maud Creek  Gold Project contains a Measured and 
Indicated Mineral Resource of 724,000 ounces of gold averaging 3.5 g/t gold. 

(2)  The operational information presented in these columns include operating results for the Cosmo Gold Mine for the three months ended December 31, 
2016 and for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The data is for information purposes only and includes information from the period of January 1, 2016 
to  November  29,  2016,  prior  to  the  acquisition  of  Cosmo  Gold  Mine  by  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  as  part  of  the  Newmarket  Arrangement.    No  financial 
information is presented for these periods or prior comparative periods as the Company was not entitled to the economic benefits of operations at the 
Cosmo Gold Mine prior to November 30, 2016. 

Cosmo produced 4,609 ounces of gold for the month of December 2016, which was slightly below expectations in terms of 
mine performance, although the mill continued to boast a recovery of 94.0% and above average grade of 3.0 g/t for the month, 
when compared to the year to date results of 93.6% recovery and 2.9 g/t average grade. 

December  2016  production  was  52,789  mined  tonnes  at  a  grade  of  2.94  g/t  gold.    Mine  performance  was  improved  with 
flexibility in the stoping sequence and lower than planned dilution and ore loss as a consequence of the revised mining methods 
and sequence.  These new ore sources enabled multiple mining areas to be incorporated in the mine plan delivering better 
grades and reliability. 

Mine development for the month of December was 169m.  Development continued to access new mining areas around the 
newly discovered Redbelly and Taipan lodes, as well as assisting with the development of a new exploration drill drive to test 
the down plunge extensions of the Sliver Lode.   Currently there are four diamond drill rigs in operation at Cosmo, following 
up on the new discoveries. 

Process improvements in the mill continued to focus on quality performance with overall mill recovery remaining high at 94% 
for December.  This has been made possible through the application of reagents controls with the newer and changed ore 
sources being processed. 

Operating  cash  costs  were  $1,048  per  ounce  sold,  due  to  a  combination  of  higher  throughput  from  mine  sequencing 
improvements and the resultant better grades from lower dilution.  Total capital expenditures in December were minimal at 
$0.65 million, which resulted in all-in sustaining cash costs per ounce of $1,173. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

28 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                     51,590                                      157,770                                     646,848 Average Grade (g/t)                                            3.0                                               2.8                                               2.9 Gold Oz Contained                                       4,902                                        14,078                                        59,595 Recovery (%)94.094.593.6Gold Oz Produced4,60913,30755,764Development metres - operating                                           159                                              406                                          1,633 Development metres - capital                                             10                                              330                                             814 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$1,048 AISC per ounce sold$1,173 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$650 One Month Ended December 31, 2016Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 (1)Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

STAWELL GOLD MINE 

The Stawell Gold Mines are located in the Australian State of Victoria, 250 km northwest of the city of Melbourne.  In December 
2016, the  Company officially  transitioned the Stawell Gold Mines into care and maintenance and in a  state of operational 
readiness to possibly recommence operations with activities focused on exploration programs within the Aurora B discovery.  
The area around the Stawell Gold Mine also includes the Big Hill Enhanced Development Project which provides an opportunity 
to host two open pit mines with a Proven and Probable Resource of 132,000 ounces of gold grading 1.5 g/t. 

(3)  The operational information presented in these columns include operating results for the Stawell Gold Mine for the three months ended December 31, 
2016 and for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The data is for information purposes only and includes information from the period of January 1, 2016 
to  November  29,  2016,  prior  to  the  acquisition  of  Stawell  Gold  Mine  by  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  as  part  of  the  Newmarket  Arrangement.    No  financial 
information is presented for these periods or prior comparative periods as the Company was not entitled to the economic benefits of operations at the 
Stawell Gold Mine prior to November 30, 2016. 

Following the announcement made on December 13, 2016, Stawell Gold Mines ceased underground mining operations and 
transitioned to care and maintenance resulting in minimal capital expenditures in the month.  The mill operated for several 
days after this announcement to process all mined ore resulting in a total of 852 ounces of gold produced for December. 

All employee and personnel costs associated with the decision to place Stawell Gold Mines under care and maintenance were 
realized in December, resulting in a one-time severance cost associated with redundancies totaling $4.0 million.  Subsequent 
to the transition, costs incurred at Stawell have been classified as care and maintenance on the statement of operations. 

Operating  costs  on  a  per  unit  basis  were  significantly  higher  than  previous  periods  reflecting  the  transition  to  care  and 
maintenance  and  the  subsequently  lower  rate  of  production.  All  in  sustaining  costs  per  ounce  sold  were  also  negatively 
impacted by the lower production base and therefore lower gold ounces sold. 

GROWTH AND EXPLORATION 

Canada 

At the Canadian operations, Kirkland Lake Gold continued to invest in growth programs with the aim of delineating near-term 
resource  growth  at  the  Company’s  operating  mines.  For  2016,  the  Company  incurred  $14.5  million  in  exploration  and 
evaluation expenditures in Canada, consisting of multiple drill programs at Macassa, Taylor and Holloway operations.   

MACASSA GOLD MINE 

South  Mine  Complex  (“SMC”)  Underground  Drill  Programs  –  During  Q4  2016,  Macassa  reported  positive  results  from  80 
underground, near-mine definition drill holes totaling 29,000m, which continued to return significant intercepts containing 
high-grade visible gold mineralization (See News Release dated November 7, 2016).   The drilling program infilled gaps in drill 
hole coverage between inferred resource blocks and identified new mineralization associated with the easterly strike extension 
of the SMC, located approximately 610m southeast of the #2 shaft at the Macassa Mine Complex. 

Underground drilling on the 5300 level continued to focus on defining the easterly and westerly strike extension of the SMC 
zone mineralization. Significant high-grade gold mineralization of 651.8 g/t Au (93.6 g/t cut) over 3.8m, including 2,846.1 g/t 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

29 

Operating resultsTotal Ore Milled (t)                                     32,367                                      174,049                                     845,573 Average Grade (g/t)                                            0.9                                               1.5                                               1.5 Gold Oz Contained                                           969                                          8,251                                        39,831 Recovery (%)87.984.580.9Gold Oz Produced8526,97132,204Development metres - operating                                             88                                              504                                          2,714 Development metres - capital                                               -                                                   -                                               393 Operating cash costs per ounce sold$1,973 AISC per ounce sold$2,025 Total capital expenditures (in thousands)$240 One Month Ended December 31, 2016Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 (1)Year Ended                   December 31, 2016 (1) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

Au over 0.5m 4, in hole 53-2921 (Estimated True Width [“ETW”] 2.2m) and 40.1 g/t Au over 3.0m in hole 53-2967 (ETW 2.0m) 
and 97.7 g/t Au (70.2 g/t cut) over 1.6m (ETW 0.8m) including 263.3 g/t Au over 0.3m, in hole 53-3065.  The high-grade SMC 
zone has now been defined over a strike length of 1,300m and vertical extent of 690m with the zone being present down to 
the -7000 elevation.  Recent drill results from the SMC program continue to support the view that the system remains open 
for expansion.  The Company is in the process of extending the 5300 level exploration drift further to the east, closing the 
almost  1,500m  gap  between  the  current  known  extent  of  the  SMC  mineralization,  and  the  regional  surface  holes  that 
encountered previously reported SMC style mineralization.   

Surface drill testing of the easterly strike extension of the SMC zone and the Amalgamated Break targets continued to remain 
a high priority for the company throughout Q4 2016.  A total of six drills produced over 21,800m of core during the quarter. 
Kirkland Lake Gold is currently compiling and interpreting the results of the 2016 drill program.   

During Q4 2016, underground drilling on the 4250 level at Macassa targeted mineralization associated with both the ’04 and 
’05 Breaks.  The ’04 Break was the host mineralized fault structure for historical mining with recent drilling evaluating the up-
dip extension of the break above the 2600 elevation.  Assay results from this program continued to return significant intercepts 
containing high-grade visible gold mineralization (See News Release dated May 25, 2016). 

HOLT MINE COMPLEX    

Surface drilling on the Taylor property is focused on two target areas: namely west of the West Porphyry Zone (“WPZ”) and 
along strike to the east of the Shaft Zone.  The area west of the WPZ targeted potential mineralization between the 1004 lens 
and Shoot Deposit.  Drilling along strike to the east targeted flat dipping mineralized quartz veins situated in the hanging wall 
of the Porcupine Destor Fault (PDF).  A total of 25 holes / 13,400m of drilling have been completed on the Taylor property to 
date.   

HOLLOWAY WEST  

Surface drilling at Holloway West consisted of 23 holes (19,400m) targeting the westerly strike extension of mineralized zones 
on  a  target  known  as  Lightval.  Underground  exploration  drilling  at  Holloway  consisted  of  53  holes  (17,700m)  which 
concentrated on the Holloway West, Lightning Deep east and up-dip extensions, and adjacent to Blacktop a mineral deposit 
situated on the 400-550m level located approximately 1.5km east of the headframe.  

DISTRICT ACTIVITIES 

The company completed a total of 2,170 line kilometres of high resolution airborne Magnetics / Electromagnetics survey which 
was conducted by Geotech in Q3 2016, which covered the majority of the company’s properties including Hislop, Ludgate, 
Garrison Creek, Harker West, Holt and Holloway and Marriott Township claim blocks.  

Data processing and subsequent target picks will be assessed and prioritized for drill follow up in 2017.  Targets of interest in 
the  Holt  /  Holloway  area  consist  of  Holloway  West,  Newmex,  Tousignant  West,  the  Howey  Cochenour  –  Coin  trend,  and 
Cascade which is situated 500 metres east of Tousignant, with drilling programs planned for 2017.  

Australia   

FOSTERVILLE GOLD MINE 

Lower Phoenix Underground Drill Programs – During Q4 2016, Fosterville reported positive results from 29 underground near-
mine resource definition drill holes totaling 10,108m, which demonstrated the continuity of exceptional high grade visible gold 
mineralization on both the newly discovered west dipping Lower Phoenix Footwall and Eagle Structures in the Lower Phoenix 
gold system (See Newmarket Gold news release dated November 8, 2016 and KL Gold release dated January 17, 2017). 

Underground drilling using four diamond drill rigs continued to focus on resource definition and understanding of multiple gold 
targets, including the Lower Phoenix Footwall (LPFW) and Eagle Faults. Mining production continues on the upper-plunge areas 

4 High grade assays are cut to 246.9 g/t or 120.0 g/t depending on the zone. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

of the Lower Phoenix gold system structures, including the high-grade Eagle Fault, and provides additional data for increasing 
geological model confidence.  

Significant  drill  results  were  returned  for  a  west  dipping  Lower  Phoenix  Footwall  Structure  and  includes  the  record  drill 
intercept  at Fosterville of  1,429 g/t  Au 5 over 15.15m (ETW 4.97m)  (Incl. 21,490 g/t  Au  4 over 0.6m [ETW 0.24m])  in hole 
UDH1817 (See KL Gold news release dated January 17, 2017 for further details and intercepts). 

The  mineralized  zone  is  untested  down-plunge  and  appears  to  link  with  the  high-grade  Eagle  structure  at  its  lower  edge. 
Continued definition drilling from the hanging wall drill platforms during 2017 will continue to advance the understanding of 
size and scale of this attractive resource growth target. 

The high-grade Eagle Fault system is presently defined over a strike length of 790m and vertical extent of 450m and drilling 
continues  to  return  significant  high-grade  gold  intercepts.  The  Eagle  zone  remains  untested  and  open  at  depth  below  the 
3940mRL and south of 6360mN, and drilling is planned to target beyond these extents during 2017. 

Lower Phoenix Surface Based Growth Drilling Programs – During Q4 2016, Fosterville reported three surface-based diamond 
drill holes totaling 2,591m that targeted the Lower Phoenix gold system on 8050mN. The drilling is approximately 350m north 
of Lower Phoenix Mineral Reserves and returned a significant intercept of 6.5 g/t Au over 27.8m (ETW 25.0m) in hole SPD618C. 
The surface-based drilling programs continue to confirm the resource expansion potential of the Lower Phoenix gold system 
(See Newmarket Gold news release dated November 8, 2016. The company has continued a surface based drill program on 
the Lower Phoenix North 8300mN with the intent to further expand the Lower Phoenix North Mineral Resource, which remains 
open to the north.  

Harrier South Underground Drilling – For Q4 2016, Fosterville reported positive drill results for the Harrier South Gold System 
where  14  underground  holes,  totaling  5,563m  were  completed.  The  resource  definition  program  continued  to  focus  on 
resource definition and understanding of multiple gold targets including the Harrier Base Fault in the Harrier South gold system 
(See Newmarket Gold news release dated November 8, 2016 and KL Gold release dated January 17, 2017). 

Drill results returned on the Harrier Base Structure contain a record high-grade intercept for UDH1868 of 129 g/t Au 4 over 
6.95m (ETW 6.2m) (Incl. 877 g/t Au 4 over 1m [ETW 0.9m]). 

The results confirm a high-grade zone containing visible gold between 4750mN and 4900mN and 4280mRL to 4350mRL and 
continue to support  an increasing grade trend with increasing depth (down-plunge). Planned drilling for 2017  will test  the 
down-plunge  extensions  of  this  identified  high-grade  zone  to  4650mN,  approximately  100m  beyond  the  current  extent  of 
drilling.   

COSMO GOLD MINE AND NORTHERN TERRITORY (“NT”) 

During Q4 2016, the Cosmo Mine progressed growth diamond drilling programs on the Sliver, Eastern Footwall, Redbelly and 
Taipan Lodes with 9,841m completed. The programs were undertaken to expand on the positive drill results reported in Q3 
2016 by Newmarket Gold (See news release dated August 22, 2016 from Newmarket). 

In addition to the growth drilling in the fourth quarter the development of the 625 North Decline was established to provide 
drill platforms for exploring for the northern down-plunge extensions of the Sliver Lode and Western Lodes. The 625 North 
Decline is suitable for resource definition and grade control drilling and could potentially be extended to access the 600mRL 
and lower levels, should ore zones be defined. 
On March 6, 2017, KL Gold announced the discovery of the Lantern Gold Deposit from underground exploration drilling.  The 
results were the accumulation of 25 diamond drill holes (totaling 5m973m) targeted to test down-plunge extensions of the 
Cosmo Open Pit.  The results are highlighted by drill hole CW93515 returning 119 g/t Au 4 over 4.5m (ETW 4.0m) (Incl. 521 g/t 
Au 4 over 1.0m [ETW 0.9m]) (For further details on results of this program see KL Gold news release dated March 6, 2017). 
Continued  drilling  of  further  down-plunge  extensions  of  the  Lantern  Deposit  are  to  be  tested  over  the  next  six  months  in 
aggressive  step-out  exploration  programs,  including  scoping  and  resource  definition  drilling  programs  and  construction  of 
underground development to access the Lantern Deposit. 

5 Visible gold present in drill intercept. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

MAUD CREEK GOLD PROJECT, NORTHERN TERRITORY 

The Company maintains a positive preliminary economic assessment (“PEA”) for the 100% owned Maud Creek Gold Project 
located in the Northern Territory, approximately 144 kilometres from the Union Reefs processing facility. Utilization of the 
Union Reefs Mill provides an opportunity to leverage existing infrastructure in the future, which has a total capacity of 2.5 Mt, 
of which 1.2 Mt is not being utilized and can treat additional ore.  The Maud Creek deposit is also located close to existing 
infrastructure such as road and rail networks and is also situated approximately 20 km from the regional centre of Katherine 
in the Northern Territory.  The PEA was prepared by SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd (“SRK”) using base case parameters 
of a A$1,550 per ounce gold price (US$1,200) and an AUD/US exchange rate of 0.77.  

Highlights from the Preliminary Economic Assessment are presented below:  

Quantity  
Parameter/ Result 
A$201 million (US$155 million) 
Pre-Tax NPV (5%) 
116% 
Pre-Tax IRR 
A$137 million (US$105 million) 
After-Tax NPV (5%) 
80% 
After Tax IRR 
1.25 years  
Pay Back Period  
A$42 million (~US$32 million) 
Pre-production Capital Cost  
Mine Life  
9.5 years  
LOM Gold Grade (Diluted Gold Grade)  4.2 g/t Au 
LOM Recovered Gold  
Average Annual Production  
LOM Cash Operating Cost  

496,000 ounces  
52,000 ounces  
A$822 per ounce (US$632 per ounce) 

The NI 43-101 technical report  for Maud Creek  entitled “Technical Report, Preliminary  Economic Assessment  of the  Maud 
Creek  Gold  Project,  Northern  Territory,  Australia”  and  dated  May  16,  2016  (the  “Technical  Report”)  is  available  under  the 
Company’s profile on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

STAWELL GOLD MINE  

During Q4, 2016 a drill drive was completed for the Aurora B target area at Stawell.  The drill drive was established to provide 
a range of suitable platforms for future drilling of Aurora B targets, and follows up Aurora B drilling undertaken in Q2 and Q3, 
2016 under Newmarket Gold.   

In Q1, 2017 it is planned to undertake resource conversion drilling at Aurora B to potentially increase the size of the mineral 
resource and upgrade a portion of the Inferred Mineral Resource to an Indicated Mineral Resource status.  

In addition to the Aurora B drilling it is also planned to undertake investigative drilling of the east basalt flank for other potential 
gold mineralization zones. The Company expects to provide an update on Aurora B in the first half of 2017. 

The Modified Big Hill Development Project (“The Big Hill Project”) 

The Company continues to progress the Big Hill Project at Stawell, an important growth opportunity for the Company and the 
community of Stawell.  On June 6, 2014, Newmarket released a positive Feasibility Study prepared in accordance with NI 43-
101, which defined a Mineral Reserve for the project and robust project economics.  Given the decision to place the Stawell 
operation on care and maintenance, this was reviewed in February 2017 which confirmed the continued viability of the project.  
In terms of permitting, the Victorian Government announced an assessment process on February 24, 2017 for the approval of 
the project.  The Company is currently planning the next stage of the process. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL REVIEW 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The Company reported annual earnings from mine operations of $133.6 million for 2016 compared to $29.8 million for the 
eight months ended December 31, 2015.  The Company acquired St Andrew on January 26, 2016 with the results of operations 
of St Andrew included from that date.  The increase reflects the additional earnings from the Holt Mine Complex acquired with 
St Andrew (120,671 ounces of gold produced in 2016 at the Holt Mine Complex since acquisition), higher revenues due to 
higher production at Macassa (average monthly production for Macassa in 2016 was 14,597 ounces of gold compared to the 
average monthly production for Macassa during the eight months ended December 31, 2015 of 12,825 ounces of gold), higher 
overall gold price ($1,234 for 2016 compared to $1,145 for the eight months ended December 31, 2015), and lower operating 
cash cost per ounce sold ($527 for 2016 compared to $638 for the eight months ended December 31, 2015).  These costs were 
partially  offset  by  higher  royalty  expenses  due  to  higher  production  and  higher  gold  prices  and  higher  depletion  and 
depreciation as a result of higher gold sales. 

Earnings from mine operations for Q4 2016 were $39.3 million compared to $6.8 million for the two months ended December 
31, 2015, which similar to the Company’s year end was the result of the addition of results from the Holt Mine Complex (35,634 
ounces of gold produced in Q4 2016), as well as a higher production rate from Macassa (an average monthly production rate 
of 17,439 ounces of gold compared to the prior year comparative of 13,802 ounces in 2015), an average realized gold price of 
$100/oz more than the prior year period, and lower operating costs per ounce sold over the prior year period ($533 in Q4 2016 
compared to $604 for the two months ended December 31, 2015).  Similar to 2016, the earnings from the mine operations for 
Q4 2016 were partially offset by higher royalty expenses due to higher production and gold sales and higher royalty expenses 
due to higher production and gold price and higher depletion and depreciation as a result of higher gold sales.  The results of 
Q4 2016 also include the production from the Australian assets acquired in the Newmarket Arrangement for the period since 
acquisition (November 30, 2016) totaling 18,657 ounces of gold production. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

33 

(in thousands except per share amounts) Three Months Ended December 31, 2016  Two Months Ended December 31, 2015  Year Ended                   December 31, 2016  Eight Months Ended December 2015 Revenue$134,225 $27,860 $406,664 $115,796    Production costs                                    (66,152)                                    (15,399)                                 (198,369)                                    (64,730)   Royalty expense                                      (4,208)                                          (712)                                    (15,587)                                      (2,948)   Depletion and depreciation                                    (24,587)                                      (4,976)                                    (59,066)                                    (18,346)Earnings from mine operations                                      39,278                                         6,773                                    133,642                                       29,772 Expenses   General and administrative                                      (2,507)                                      (1,922)                                    (11,991)                                      (4,674)   Transaction costs                                    (14,379)                                               -                                       (17,746)                                               -      Exploration and evaluation                                      (6,066)                                      (1,132)                                    (15,839)                                      (4,241)   Care and mainteance                                      (4,056)                                               -                                         (4,056)                                               -   Earnings from operations                                      12,270                                         3,719                                       84,010                                       20,857 Finance and other items   Other income (loss), net                                        1,794                                           (143)                                            148                                       (1,282)   Finance income                                            272                                             175                                             843                                             727    Finance costs                                      (3,141)                                      (1,864)                                    (11,738)                                      (7,500)Earnings before taxes                                      11,194                                         1,888                                       73,263                                       12,802    Current income tax expense (recovery)                                            310                                                (7)                                      (2,800)                                          (228)   Deferred tax expense                                      (8,428)                                      (1,271)                                    (28,356)                                      (6,843)Net earnings$3,076 $609 $42,107 $5,731 Basic earnings per share$0.02$0.01$0.35$0.07Diluted earnings per share$0.02$0.01$0.34$0.07Adjusted earnings per share$0.19$0.01$0.62$0.07 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The Company reported net income of $42.1 million or $0.35 per basic share for 2016 and $3.1 million or $0.02 per basic share 
for Q4 2016.  The Company reported net income of $5.7 million or $0.07 per basic share for the eight months ended December 
31, 2015 and $0.6 million or $0.01 per common share for the two months ended December 31, 2015.  The increases in the 
2016 periods are the result of the  above impacts on earnings from mine operations, partially  offset  by higher general and 
administrative  expenses,  transaction  costs,  exploration,  suspension  of  operations  and  care  and  maintenance  as  discussed 
below, in general resulting from the increased level of operations following the acquisitions of St Andrew and Newmarket in 
2016. 

Adjusted net earnings for 2016 was $75.3 million, or $0.62 per basic share when taking into account one-time items, totaling 
$33.1 million, such as transaction costs for the acquisition of Newmarket and St Andrew and severance costs associated with 
the transition of Stawell to care and maintenance, which resulted in the one-time payment of severances on transition. 

Due to the acquisitions of St Andrew and Newmarket, revenues for 2016 increased significantly when compared to the prior 
period.  For 2016, the average monthly revenue was $33.9 million compared to the eight month December 31, 2015 period 
average monthly revenue of $14.5 million, an increase of over 134%.  For Q4 2016, the average monthly revenue generated 
was $44.7 million compared to the prior year two month period which had a monthly average of $13.9 million.  For annual 
2016, the Company sold 329,489 ounces of gold compared to 101,094 ounces for the eight month period ended December 31, 
2015 at an 8% higher average gold price ($1,234 compared to the prior period of $1,145).  For Q4 2016, the Company sold 
111,690 ounces of gold compared to 25,284 ounces for the eight month period ended December 31, 2015 at a  9% higher 
average gold price ($1,202 compared to the prior period of $1,102).  The results reflect the production added by the Holt Mine 
Complex  from  January  26,  2016  onwards  and  the  production  from  the  Australian  assets  acquired  through  the  Newmarket 
Arrangement from November 30, 2016 onwards. 

Annual 2016 and Q4 2016 total production costs increased respectively by $133.6 million and $50.7 million, compared to the 
prior eight month and two month periods ended December 31, 2016, as the prior periods operating costs include only the 
operating costs of Macassa.  Operating cash costs per ounce sold was $571 for the 2016 compared to $638/oz for the eight 
months ended December 31, 2015 and $533 for Q4 2016 compared to $604 for the two months ended December 31, 2015.  
The lower unit cash cost per ounce sold reflect the acquisition of St Andrew and Newmarket during 2016 which are lower grade 
mines but also significantly lower cost per tonne mines than the Macassa operations by itself.  The results were also impacted 
by the weakening Canadian and Australian dollar currencies which effectively reduces costs in US dollar terms.  Other cost of 
operations, being royalties and depletion and depreciation both increased over the comparative prior period due primarily to 
production increases as a result of the acquisitions in 2016. 

General and administrative expenses increased by $7.3 million for 2016 compared to the eight months ended December 31, 
2015 and increased $0.6 million for Q4 2016 compared to the two months ended December 31, 2015.  The increases for both 
annual and quarterly periods were related to increase staffing, consulting, and integration programs implemented in 2016 as 
a result of the acquisition of St Andrew and Newmarket, as well as certain executive management changes. 

Transaction costs associated with the Newmarket Arrangement were $15.5 million incurred in Q4 2016 and included in the 
year ended 2016 costs as well, which include $2.3 million in costs associated with the acquisition of St Andrew for total annual 
transaction costs of $17.8 million.  There were no such costs incurred in 2015. 

Care and maintenance costs for 2016 and Q4 2016, being $4.1 million, relate to the transition of the Stawell Gold Mine in 
Australia to a state of care and maintenance and are one-time severance payments made on the date of notice, December 13, 
2016.  Stawell will be maintained in a production ready state with the intent of restarting the operations in the future with 
meaningful and enhanced economics and pending successful  exploration programs being completed.   There were no such 
costs incurred in 2015. 

Exploration expenses increased significantly in both Q4 2016 and annual 2016 when compared to the two and eight months 
ended December 31, 2015, increasing $5.0 million and $11.6 million respectively.  The increase in costs for 2016 reflect mostly 
the  additional  drilling  and  exploration  efforts  at  the  Holt  Mine  Complex,  which  related  to  a  C$15.0  million  flow-through 
financing closed in July 2016 and a C$7.0 million flow-through financing completed in December 2016.  In addition, during Q4 
2016,  the  results  also  include  exploration  work  programs  in  Australia,  particularly  Fosterville.    The  results  of  exploration 
activities are outlined in further detail in the section “Growth and Exploration”.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

Finance  expense  is  consistent  relative  to  the  periods  presented  and  relates  to  various  financial  instruments  held  by  the 
Company,  including  the  accretion  of  the  convertible  debentures  and  the  costs  associated  with  finance  lease  obligations.  
Finance income relates primarily to interest earned on excess cash held on account.   

Provision for current and deferred income tax expense totaling $8.1 million for Q4 2016 and $31.2 million for the year ended 
2016 are significantly higher than comparative periods, totaling $1.3 million in the two months ended December 31, 2015 and 
$7.0 million for the eight months ended December 31, 2015.  The increase is a result of the recognition of deferred tax liabilities 
associated with the purchase price allocation on the Newmarket and St Andrew transactions. 

FINANCIAL CONDITION REVIEW 

Kirkland  Lake  Gold  is  committed  to  managing  liquidity  by  achieving  positive  cash  flows  from  its  mine  operations  to  fund 
operating  and  capital  requirements  as  well  as  development  projects.    The  Company  monitors  the  expected  settlement  of 
financial assets and liabilities on an ongoing basis; there are no significant accounts payable, capital lease obligations, or other 
payments that are outstanding past their due dates. 

As at December 31, 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold had a positive working capital balance of $92.3 million, including a cash and cash 
equivalents balance of $234.9 million, a significant increase from December 31, 2015 working capital of $62.4 million.  The 
strengthening  of  working  capital  reflects  ongoing  free  cash  flow  generation  from  the  Company’s  mine  operations,  the 
acquisition of $76.1 million in cash and cash equivalents from the transactions with Newmarket and St Andrew during 2016, 
and is offset by capital spending of $73.7 million and the buyback of a 1% FNV NSR royalty for $30.7 million. 

CASH FLOW ANALYSIS 

The Company generated $180.9 million in cash flow from operations during 2016, which included changes in non-cash working 
capital, which increased cash flow by $36.5 million.   

Net cash flows from financing activities during 2016 were $7.7 million reflecting proceeds of $16.6 million from flow through 
financing,  proceeds  of  $5.8  million  from  stock  options  exercised,  partially  offset  by  finance  lease  repayments  and  interest 
expense, net of interest received of $14.2 million. 

On  December  23,  2016,  the  Company  closed  a  flow  through  financing  for  aggregate  gross  proceeds  of  $5.2  million  (C$7.0 
million)  consisting  of  the  issue  and  sale  of  691,700  flow  through  common  shares  at  a  price  of  C$10.12  per  share.  The  net 
proceeds  of  $5.2  million  (C$7.0  million)  were  recorded  as  share  capital  $3.4  million  (C$4.6  million)  and  deferred  premium 
liability  of  $1.8  million  (C$2.4  million);  the  deferred  premium  will  be  recognized  as  other  income  as  the  Company  incur 
Canadian exploration eligible flow through expenditures (“CEE”). No expenditures were incurred in 2016 in relation to the 
financing; the Company has until December 31, 2017 to fulfil its obligation by incurring CEE.   

On July 13, 2016, the Company closed a flow through financing for gross proceeds of $11.6 million (C$15.0 million), consisting 
of the issue and sale of 1,047,340 post consolidation flow through common shares at a price of C$14.32 per share.  The net 
proceeds of $11.5 million (C$14.9 million) were recorded as share capital $9.5 million (C$12.2 million) and deferred premium 
liability of $2.1 million (C$2.8 million). As at December 31, 2016, $4.9 million (C$6.5 million) of CEE were spent in relation to 
the financing and an amortization of the deferred premium of $0.9 million was recorded as other income; the Company has 
until December 31, 2017 to spend the remaining C$8.5 million on CEE.   

Cash outflows from investing activities 2016 was $20.1 million.  Mineral property expenditures in 2016 was $58.2 million and 
a total of $15.5 million cash was spent on capital equipment, offset by $7.4 million transferred from restricted cash to cash and 
cash equivalents.  The restricted cash was acquired with St Andrew in January 2016 and represented letters of credit St Andrew 
had with the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (“MNDM”) as required under the Closure Plans for the costs of 
remediation  and  reclamation  of  its  properties.    In  Q3  2016  the  Company  completed  a  surety  bond  with  Liberty  Mutual 
Insurance Company (the “Issuer”) for $7.6 million and replaced the letters of credits with MNDM with the unsecured surety 
bonds.  The Company has agreed to indemnify the Issuer in the event that the Issuer is called upon to satisfy any of the Closure 
Plans by way of a drawdown of the surety bond as directed by MNDM. The surety bond can be renewed annually and bears 
annual interest of 1.2%.  
The Company also acquired cash and cash equivalents of $68.3 million from the transaction with Newmarket on November 30, 
2017 and $7.8 million on the acquisition of St Andrew in Q1 2016. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The  Company’s  convertible  unsecured  subordinate  debentures  are  listed  on  the  TSX  under  the  stock  symbols  KLG.DB  and 
KLG.DB.A, respectively. The 6% debentures mature on June 30, 2017 (classified as current as December 31, 2016) for a total 
principal due of C$56.8 million; the 7.5% debenture mature on December 31, 2017 for a total principal due of $62.0 million. 
The interest on the debentures is paid semi-annually in June and December.  The Company has the option of paying the interest 
by issuing shares; the Company may redeem the debentures, subject to certain conditions.  

On April 3, 2015, the Company launched a Normal Course Issuer Bid (“NCIB”) on the TSX to purchase up to 10% of each issue 
of the convertible debentures outstanding, and on April 3, 2016 renewed the NCIB to purchase up to C$5.7 million of its 6% 
convertible  unsecured  subordinate  debentures,  and  up  to  C$6.9  million  of  its  7.5%  convertible  unsecured  subordinate 
debentures.  Purchases of the 6% debentures and 7.5% debentures pursuant to the NCIB may be made through the facilities 
of the TSX during the period April 6, 2016 to April 6, 2017, or such earlier time as the NCIB is completed or terminated at the 
option of the Company.  All securities purchased by the Company under the NCIB will be cancelled. As at the date of this MD&A, 
the Company had purchased C$0.7 million of the 6% debentures and C$7.0 million of the 7.5% debentures. 

The Company has a credit facility for C$42.7 million, which currently includes a combination of an operating loan facility (C$20.0 
million), and an equipment lease facility (C$15.7 million).  Amounts drawn under the credit facility are secured by various assets 
of the Company, including cash, accounts receivable, inventory and assets held under the lease facility.  The credit facility also 
contains certain financial covenants, which the Company was in compliance with at December 31, 2016.  The Company also 
had a USD revolving credit facility which was cancelled on April 26, 2016.  No amount was drawn under the revolving operating 
facility as at December 31, 2016 and 2015. 

At December 31, 2016, C$10.8 million was drawn under the equipment lease facility.  Amounts drawn under the equipment 
lease facility are subject to separate lease agreements with a maximum term of 60 months and interest rates which are variable 
depending on when the finance leases are entered into.  

On October 5, 2016, the Company provided notice to Franco-Nevada Canada Holdings Corp. of the intent to exercise its right 
to buy back a 1% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty (the “Royalty”) on its land holdings in the Kirkland Lake camp, reducing 
the  Company’s  royalty  to  1.5%.    As  per  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  royalty  agreement  dated  October  28,  2013,  the 
Company made the payment of $30.7 million to FNV in the fourth quarter.  

The Company’s cash balance supplemented by cash flow from operations are expected to be sufficient to fund operations for 
the foreseeable future. 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company did not have any off-balance sheet items. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

OUTSTANDING SHARE AND CONVERTIBLE EQUITY INFORMATION 

OUTSTANDING SHARE INFORMATION 

Authorized: Unlimited number of common shares 

Issued: Fully paid common shares 

Issued: Convertible debenture – 6% p.a. – principal remaining 

Issued: Convertible debenture – 7.5% p.a. – principal remaining 

Issued: Stock options  

Issued: Restricted share units 

Issued: Performance share units 

Issued: Common share purchase warrants 

 As at December 31, 2016 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

203,031,934 

C$56.8 million 

C$62.0 million 

7,514,307 

108,589 

1,707,571 

2,356 

- 

C$15.00 

C$13.70 

C$4.60 

- 

- 

C$2.63 

Terms of the Company’s equity incentive plans are outlined in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for 
the year ended December 31, 2016. 

As at December 31, 2016, if the holders of the convertible debentures elected to convert to common shares of the Company, 
the Company would be required to issue approximately 8.3 million common shares in fulfilment of the terms of the debentures.  
The 6% per annum debentures mature on June 30, 2017 and the 7.5% per annum debentures mature on December 31, 2017.  

QUARTERLY INFORMATION 

The consolidated results presented below include the results of operations for St Andrew and Newmarket from the period of 
January 26, 2016 and November 30, 2016 onwards respectively, following the acquisition of each entity.  As a result, results 
prior to January 26, 2016 only reflect the results of the Macassa Mine Complex only.  The following selected financial data for 
the last eight fiscal quarters has been prepared in accordance with IFRS and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 
interim  condensed  consolidated  financial  statements  for  each  of  the  periods  considered  below  and  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2016.  

The  revenue  and  consequently  the  amount  of  net  income  and  earnings  per  share  is  driven  largely  by  the  amount  of  gold 
produced and sold and is subject to fluctuations in the market price of gold in US dollars and the strength and weakening of 
the  US  dollar  specifically  against  the  Canadian  and  Australian  dollars.    The  timing  of  gold  pours,  gold  sales,  gold  price 
fluctuations, ore grade and gold inventory balances also affect quarterly results.  Trends observed or averaged over a longer 
time period may be more representative of the true performance of the business. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

37 

(in thousands except per share amounts)December 31September 30June 30March 31October 31July 31April 30Revenue$134,225 $100,825 $91,689 $79,925 $27,860 $38,420 $49,516 $43,682 Net earnings before income taxes$11,194 $30,158 $17,017 $14,894 $1,887 $4,827 $6,088 $6,229 Net earnings$3,076 $18,880 $10,641 $9,510 $609 $1,615 $3,508 $5,935 Net earnings per share (basic)$0.02 $0.15 $0.09 $0.09 $0.01 $0.02 $0.04 $0.08 Net earnings per share (diluted)$0.02 $0.15 $0.09 $0.09 $0.01 $0.02 $0.04 $0.08 20162015Three Months EndedTwo Months Ended December 31Three Months Ended 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SELECTED ANNUAL INFORMATION 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

The Company’s financial position was significantly impacted as at December 31, 2016 as a result of the acquisition of St Andrew 
on January 26, 2016 and Newmarket on November 30, 2016 which resulted in a much higher cash and cash equivalents balance, 
stronger working capital and increased mining interests and total assets.  The revenue and consequently the amount of net 
income and earnings per share is driven largely by the amount of gold produced and sold and is subject to fluctuations in the 
market  price  of  gold  in  US  dollars  and  the  strength  and  weakening  of  the  US  dollar  specifically  against  the  Canadian  and 
Australian dollars.  The timing of gold pours, gold sales, gold price fluctuations, ore grade and gold inventory balances also 
affect  quarterly  results.    Trends  observed  or  averaged  over  a  longer  time  period  may  be  more  representative  of  the  true 
performance of the business. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL RISK  

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it to effectively support the acquisition, operations, 
exploration  and  development  of  mineral  properties.  In  the  definition  of  capital,  the  Company  includes,  as  disclosed  on  its 
consolidated  statement  of  financial  position:  share  capital,  equity  portion  of  convertible  debentures,  deficit,  reserves  and 
convertible debentures. 

The Company’s capital at December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows (in thousands): 

The  Company  believes  it  has  sufficient  funds  to  finance  its  current  operating,  development  and  exploration  expenditures. 
Longer  term,  the  Company  may  pursue  opportunities  to  raise  additional  capital  through  equity  and/or  debt  markets  as  it 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

38 

(in thousands, except for per share figures) Year Ended                   December 31, 2016  Eight Months Ended December 2015  Year Ended              April 30, 2015 Financial Results   Revenue$406,664$115,796$167,254   Earnings from mine operations$133,642$29,772$38,110   Net earnings$42,107$5,731$15,060   Basic earnings per share$0.35$0.07$0.21   Diluted earnings per share$0.34$0.07$0.21 As at and for the Year Ended                                             December 31, 2016  As at and for the              Eight Months Ended                                         December 31, 2015  As at and for the Year Ended                                             April 30, 2015 Financial Position   Cash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718 $66,278    Working capital$92,307$62,356 $58,589    Mining interests and property and equipment$976,044$261,096 $289,745    Total assets$1,298,694$350,225 $385,560    Total non-current liablities$195,201$100,570 $106,789    Cash dividends paid-                              -                                     -                                  Share capital$900,389 $288,556 Equity portion of convertible debentures 15,674 15,674 Reserves(21,588)(47,697)Retained earnings (deficit)11,439 (30,668)Liability portion of convertible debentures84,961 78,807                                                $990,875 $304,672 As atDecember 31, 2016As atDecember 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

progresses with its projects and properties. The Company will continue to assess new properties and seek to acquire an interest 
in additional properties if it feels there is sufficient geologic or economic potential and if it has adequate financial resources to 
do so.  

Management reviews its capital management approach on an ongoing basis and believes that its approach, given the relative 
size of the Company, is reasonable.  

Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries are subject to any other externally imposed capital requirements.  

CARRYING VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The carrying values of the financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows (in thousands): 

FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate their 
carrying values due to the short term to maturity of these financial instruments.   

The fair value hierarchy of financial instruments measured at fair valued on the consolidated statement of financial position is 
as follows (in thousands): 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

39 

Financial AssetsAt fair value through profit or lossCash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718Restricted cash20,042                                      -                                             $254,940$67,718Loans and receivables, measured at amortized costAccounts receivable$7,481$5,841Available for sale, measured at fair valueInvestment in public and private companies$5,885$-Financial LiabilitiesOther financial liabilities, measured at fair valueShared based liabilities$436$-Other financial liabilities, measured at amortized costAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$72,076$19,445Convertible unsecured debentures$84,961$78,807As atDecember 31, 2016As atDecember 31, 2015As at December 31,Level 1 Cash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718Restricted cash$20,042-                                       Available for sale investments - publicly traded$1,686-                                       Level 2Share based liabilities note 21$436$-Level 3Available for sale investments - privately held $4,199$-As atDecember 31, 2016As atDecember 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS 

The Company is exposed to financial risks sensitive to changes in commodity prices, foreign exchange and interest rates. The 
Company’s  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  establishment  and  oversight  of  the  risk  management 
framework.  Currently  the  Company  has  no  outstanding  options,  forward  or  future  contracts  to  manage  its  price-related 
exposures.  The Company's risk exposures and the impact on the Company's financial instruments are summarized below:  

Credit risk 

The Company's credit risk is primarily attributable to trade and other amounts receivable, which consist primarily of goods and 
services tax due from the Federal Governments of Australia and Canada. Consequently, credit risk is considered low and no 
allowance for doubtful debts has been recorded at the date of the statement of financial position. At December 31, 2016, there 
were no significant trade receivables and the Company has no significant concentration of credit risk arising from operations.  

The Company’s cash and restricted cash are held with established Canadian and Australian financial institutions from which 
management believes the risk of loss to be remote. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided 
on such deposits.   

Liquidity risk 

The Company monitors the expected settlement of financial assets and liabilities on an ongoing basis; there are no significant 
payables or obligations that are outstanding past their due dates. As at December 31, 2016, the Company had a net working 
capital of $92.3 million, including cash and cash equivalents of $234.9 million. 

Future financing requirements, if any, will depend on a number of factors that are difficult to predict and are often beyond the 
control of the Company. The main factor is the realized price of gold received for gold produced from the Company’s operating 
mines  and  the  operating  and  capital  costs  of  those  mines,  and  exploration  and  development  costs  associated  with  the 
Company’s growth projects. 

Market risk 

(a)  Foreign currency risk 

The Company is exposed to foreign currency risk as gold is priced in US dollars and the functional currency of the Canadian 
operations  is  the  Canadian  dollar  and  the  functional  currency  of  the  Australian  operations  is  the  Australian  dollar.  The 
development  and  operation  of  the  Company’s  mining  assets  will  largely  be  funded  with  Canadian  and  Australian  dollars. 
However, gold is priced on international markets in US dollars, the Company’s reporting currency. At December 31, 2016, the 
Canadian dollar was worth $0.74 US dollars (December 31, 2015 - $0.72) and the Australian dollar was worth $0.72 US dollars 
(December 31, 2015 - $0.73).   

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the average exchange rate of the Canadian dollar against the US dollar was $0.75 
(year ended December 31, 2015 – $0.78) and the average exchange rate of the Australian dollar against the US dollar was $0.74 
(year ended December 31, 2015 – $0.75). 

The  Company’s  cash  and  cash  equivalents  were  held  in  the  following  currencies  as  at  December  31,  2016  and  2015  (in 
thousands): 

The Company’s restricted cash is held in Australian and Canadian dollars.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

40 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Canadian$155,366$62,971Australian73,755                                                                  -                                                                                         US5,777                                                                    4,747                                                                                     $234,898$67,718 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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(b)  Interest rate risk 

The Company’s exposure to risks of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to interest earned on its cash balances. 
The Company reviews its interest rate exposure periodically, giving consideration to potential renewals of existing positions 
and alternative financial investments. A 1% change in the short-term rates would have had an effect on interest income and 
earnings before income tax in 2016 of approximately $1.4 million. 

Finance leases and other obligations and convertible debentures bear interest at fixed rates.  The Company does not account 
for any fixed rate liabilities at fair value, consequently a change in the interest rates at the reporting date would not impact 
the carrying amount of financial liabilities or the statement of operations. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Contractual obligations of the Company as at December 31, 2016 are as follows (in thousands): 

Convertible debenture obligations include principal and interest payments.  

During 2016, the Company informed the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines that it intends to undertake 
additional reclamation work ($10,427 or C$14,000, included in the current provision at December 31, 2016), not previously 
contemplated in the closure plan for the Macassa Mine Complex.  

The Company has royalty obligations on its various mines sites as discussed below: 

- 

- 

- 

- 

A 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty to Franco-Nevada Corporation (“FNV”) on production from the Company’s 
Macassa property.  For the Company’s mine properties in the State of Victoria, Australia, a 2% NSR royalty on the 
Fosterville Gold Mine and a 1% NSR royalty on the Stawell Gold Mine, each payable as applicable quarterly to AuRico 
Metals Inc.  The Stawell Gold Mine is further subject to a A$2 per ounce royalty payable on gold produced from the 
Stawell mining license. 

A 1% NSR on production from the Taylor mine; a sliding scale NSR linked to gold price for the Holt and Holloway mines 
with the NSR paid for 2016 at ~10%. 

A 1% ad valorem royalty on any future gold production above 250,000 ounces derived from the Maud Creek Gold 
Project  (Australia); a  1% gross royalty and A$5 per ounce royalty are payable on any future gold production from 
certain tenements from the Maud Creek Gold Project that are located south of the main Maud Creek gold deposit. 
The Company also has a  contingent contractual obligation of a payment of A$2 million that would be due upon a 
decision to proceed with development of the Maud Creek Gold Project.  

The  Fosterville  Gold  Mine  is  subject  to  a  license  fee  which  enables  it  to  use  the  patented  BIOX  process  to  treat 
refractory ore from the underground mine. The fee is paid at a rate of A$1.33 per ounce of gold produced and treated 
through the BIOX Plant and terminates when 1,500,000 ounces of gold in aggregate has been treated in the plant. As 
at December 31, 2016, approximately 1,126,840 ounces of gold had been treated in the plant. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

41 

Total Less than a year1-3 years4-5 yearsAfter 5 yearsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$72,076$72,076$-$-$-Convertible debentures93,281                                     93,281                -                -                -                Finance lease payments29,123                                     13,117                15,876           130               -                Office rent and other obligations2,514                                      1,277                  606               631               -                Income taxes payable3,747                                      3,747                  Environmental rehabilitation provision63,828                                     14,880                -                -                48,948           Provisions - employee entitlements5,812                                      4,391                  1,421             -                -                $270,381$202,769$17,903$761$48,948As at December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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On  March  1,  2017,  the  Company  agreed  to  an  Impact  and  Benefits  Agreement  with  the  Matachewan  First  Nation  and 
Wahgoshig First Nation (the “First Nation communities”) as it relates to its operations and exploration activities in Northern 
Ontario.  The  agreement  provides  for  certain  contractual  obligations  with  First  Nation  communities  and  establishes  a 
framework for ongoing dialogue and consultation, including providing business, employment and training opportunities for 
members of the First Nation communities, as well as providing certain financial benefits to the First Nations communities. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

The remuneration of directors and executive officers is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors. 
The directors’ fees and other compensation of directors and executive officers were as follows: 

Related  party transactions  are  measured  at the exchange  amount which  is  the consideration  agreed  to  between  the 
parties.  

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect 
the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities at the date of the 
financial statements and reporting amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Estimates and assumptions 
are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  management’s  experience  and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future 
events that are believed to be reasonable under  the circumstances.  However, actual outcomes may differ materially from 
these estimates. 

USEFUL LIFE OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

The Company reviews the estimated lives of its plant  and equipment  at the end of each reporting period.  There were no 
material changes in the lives of plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and eight month period ended 
December 31, 2015. 

DETERMINATION OF RESERVES AND RESOURCES 

Reserve and resource estimates are used in the unit of production calculation for depletion and depreciation expense and the 
determination of the timing of rehabilitation provision costs as well as in the impairment analysis.  

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating reserves and resources.  Assumptions that are valid at the time of 
estimation may change significantly when new information becomes available.  Changes in the forecast prices of commodities, 
exchange rates, production costs, or recovery rates as well as new drilling results may change the economic status of reserves 
and resources and may result in the reserves and resources being revised. 

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES 

Judgment  is  required  in  determining  whether  deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  on  the  statement  of  financial  position.  
Deferred tax assets, including those arising from unutilized tax losses require management to assess the likelihood that the 
Company and/or its subsidiaries will generate taxable earnings in future periods, in order to utilize recognized deferred tax 
assets.  Estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from operations and the application of existing 
tax laws in each jurisdiction.  To the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates,  the 
ability of the Company and/or its subsidiaries to realize the net  deferred tax assets recorded at the statement  of financial 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

42 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Offiicer salaries and short-term benefits$1,463$728Share based payments1,799                                                                     429                                                                                   Directors fees522                                                                        162                                                                                   Severance payments1,928                                                                     715                                                                                   $5,712$2,034 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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position date could be impacted.  Additionally, future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the Company and its 
subsidiaries operate could limit the ability of the Company to obtain tax deductions in future periods.  

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS 

The  carrying  amounts  of  mining  properties  and  plant  and equipment  are  reviewed  for  impairment  if  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  If there are indicators of impairment, an exercise is 
undertaken to determine whether the carrying values are in excess of their recoverable amount.  Such review is undertaken 
on an asset by asset basis, except where such assets do not generate  cash flows independent of other assets, and then the 
review is undertaken at the cash generating unit level (“CGU”). 

The Company considers both external and internal sources of information in assessing whether there are any indications that 
mining  interests  are  impaired.    External  sources  of  information  the  Company  considers  include  changes  in  the  market, 
economic and legal environment in which the Company operates that are not within its control and affect the recoverable 
amount  of  mining  interests.    Internal  sources  of  information  the  Company  considers  include  the  manner  in  which  mining 
properties and plant and equipment are being used or are expected to be used and indications of economic performance of 
the  assets.    In  assessing  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  that  the  Company’s  mining  interests  represented  by  its 
investments in associates are impaired, the Company’s management considers observable data including the carrying amounts 
of the investees’ net assets as compared to their market capitalization. 

ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION 

Significant estimates and assumptions are made in determining the environmental rehabilitation costs as there are numerous 
factors that will affect the ultimate liability payable.  These factors include estimates of the extent and costs of rehabilitation 
activities, technological changes, regulatory changes, cost increases, and changes in discount rates.  

Those uncertainties may result in actual expenditures in the future being different from the amounts currently provided.  The 
provision represents management’s best estimate of the present value of the future rehabilitation costs required. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

The  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  and  future  changes  in  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  the  audited 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The following outlines the new accounting policies 
adopted by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2016 and those new standards and interpretations not yet 
adopted by the Company. 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION – CHANGE IN REPORTING CURRENCY 

Following  the  business  combination  with  Newmarket,  the  Company  changed  its  reporting  currency  from  Canadian  dollars 
(“C$”) to United States dollars (“US$”) with effect for the year ended December 31, 2016.   

A change in the reporting currency represents a change in accounting policy in terms of IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in 
Accounting Estimates and Errors, requiring the restatement of comparative information.  In accordance with IAS 21, The Effects 
of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, the following methodology was followed in restating historical financial information 
from C$ into US$ and translating the information for the year ended December 31, 2016: 

  Non-US$ assets and liabilities were translated at the relevant closing exchange rate at the end of the reporting period. 
Non-US$ items of income and expenditure and cash flows were translated at rates that approximate the exchange 
rates at the dates of the transactions (i.e. average rates for the period); 

 

The foreign currency translation reserve was reset to $Nil as at May 1, 2010, the date on which the Company adopted 
IFRS, in line with IFRS 1, First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards.  Share capital and other 
reserves, as appropriate, were translated at the historic rates prevailing at the dates of underlying transactions; and 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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 

The  effects  of  translating  the  Company’s  financial  results  and  financial  position  into  US$  were  recognized  in  the 
accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  and  the  foreign  currency  translation  reserve  in  the  consolidated 
changes in equity. 

The  functional  currencies  of  the  Company’s  various  subsidiaries  –  functional  currencies  referring  to  the  currencies  of  the 
primary  economic  environments  in  which  underlying  businesses  operate  –  remain  unchanged;  as  such,  foreign  exchange 
exposures will be unaffected by the change, other than that the effects of such exposures will be presented in US$. 

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS ADOPTED 

International Accounting Standards 1, Presentation of Financial Statements (“IAS 1”) 

IAS 1 was amended in December 2014 in order to clarify, among other things, that information should not be obscured by 
aggregating or by providing immaterial information that materiality considerations apply to all parts of the financial statements 
and  that  even  when  a  standard  requires  a  specific  disclosure,  materiality  considerations  do  apply.    The  amendments  are 
effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2016.  There  were  no  material  changes  to  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial statements upon adoption. 

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET ADOPTED 

IFRS 2, Share Based Payments (“IFRS 2”) 

Final amendments to IFRS 2 were issued in June 2016 to clarify the classification and measurement of share based payment 
transactions.  These amendments deal with variations in the final settlement arrangements including: (a) accounting for cash 
settled  share  based  payment  transactions  that  include  a  performance  condition,  (b)  classification  of  share  based  payment 
transactions with net settlement features, and (c) accounting for modifications of share based payment transactions from cash 
settled  to  equity.    These  changes  are  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2018.  The  Company  is 
currently assessing the impact of the changes to IFRS 2. 

IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows (“IAS 7”) 

The IASB issued amendments to IAS 7 in January 2016.  The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 
January 1, 2017.  This amendment will require disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in 
liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash and non-cash changes.  The Company will 
adopt the amendments to IAS 7 in its financial statements for the annual period beginning on January 1, 2017.  The Company 
is currently assessing the impact of adopting IAS 7. 

IAS 12, Income Taxes (“IAS 12”) 

The amendments clarify that the existence of a deductible temporary difference depends solely on a comparison of the carrying 
amount of an asset and its tax base at the end of a reporting period, and is not affected by possible future changes in the 
carrying amount or expected recovery of the asset.  The Company intends to adopt the amendments to IAS 12 in its financial 
statements for the annual period beginning on January 1, 2017.  The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting 
IAS 12.  

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments (“IFRS 9”) 

IFRS 9 was issued by the IASB in November 2009 with additions in October 2010 and will replace IAS 39 Financial Instruments: 
Recognition and Measurement (“IAS 39”).  IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is measured at 
amortized cost or fair value, replacing the multiple rules in IAS 39.  The approach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages 
its financial instruments in the context of its business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial assets.  
Most of the requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of financial liabilities were carried forward unchanged 
to IFRS 9, except that an entity choosing to measure a financial liability at fair value will present the portion of any change in 
its fair value due to changes in the entity’s own credit risk in other comprehensive income, rather than within profit or loss.  
The new standard also requires a single impairment method to be used, replacing the multiple impairment methods in IAS 39. 
The final version of IFRS 9 was issued in July 2014 and includes (i) a third measurement category for financial assets – fair value 

ANNUAL REPORT 

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44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

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through other comprehensive income: (ii) a single, forward-looking “expected loss” impairment model, and (iii) a mandatory 
effective date for IFRS 9 of annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.  Earlier adoption is permitted.   The Company 
has made progress in its implementation of IFRS 9, however, has not  yet determined the extent  of the impact of the new 
standard  on  its  consolidated  financial  statements.    The  Company  expects  to  report  more  detained  information,  including 
estimated quantitative financial impacts, if material, in its 2017 consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”) 

IFRS 15 proposes to replace IAS 18 Revenue, IAS 11 Construction Contracts, and some revenue-related interpretations.  The 
standard contains a single model that applies to contracts with customers and two approaches to recognizing revenue: at a 
point in time or over time.  The model features a contract-based five-step analysis of transactions to determine whether, how 
much, and when revenue is recognized.  New estimates and judgmental thresholds have been introduced, which  may affect 
the amount and/or timing of revenue recognized. IFRS 15 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018.  
Earlier  adoption  is  permitted.    The  Company  has  not  yet  determined  the  extent  of  the  impact  of  the  new  standard  on  its 
consolidated  financial  statements.    The  Company  expects  to  report  more  detailed  information,  including  estimated 
quantitative financial impacts, if material, in its 2017 consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 16, Leases (“IFRS 16”) 

In January 2016, the IASB issued the IFRS 16, which replaces the existing lease accounting guidance.  IFRS 16 requires all leases 
to  be  reported  on  the  balance  sheet  unless  certain  criteria  for  exclusion  are  met.    IFRS  16  is  effective  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2019 with early adoption permitted if IFRS 15 is also adopted at the same time.  The Company is currently in the 
process of assessing the impact that the new and amended standards will have on its consolidated financial statements. 

IFRIC 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration 

On December 8, 2016, the IASB issued IFRIC Interpretation 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration. The 
Interpretation clarifies which  date should be used for translation when a  foreign  currency transaction involves an advance 
payment or receipt. The Interpretation is applicable for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Earlier application 
is permitted. The Company intends to adopt the Interpretation in its financial statements for the annual period beginning on 
January 1, 2018. The Company does not expect the Interpretation to have a material impact on the financial statements. 

NON-IFRS MEASURES 

The Company has included certain non-IFRS measures in this document, as discussed below.  The Company believes that these 
measures, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, provide investors an improved ability to 
evaluate the underlying performance of the Company.  The non-IFRS measures are intended to provide additional information 
and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.  
These measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed under IFRS, and therefore may not be comparable to other 
issuers. 

FREE CASH FLOW AND FREE CASH FLOW PER SHARE 

In the gold mining industry, free cash flow and free cash per share are common performance measures with no standardized 
meaning.  Free  cash  flow  is  calculated  by  deducting  capital  cash  spending  (capital  expenditures  for  the  period,  net  of 
expenditures paid through finance leases) from cash flows from operations; free cash flow per share is calculated by dividing 
free cash flow for the period by the weighted average number of outstanding shares for that period. 

The Company discloses free cash flow and free cash flow per share as it believes the measures provide valuable assistance to 
investors  and  analysts  in  evaluating  the  Company’s  ability  to  generate  cash  flow.  The  most  directly  comparable  measure 
prepared in accordance with IFRS is cash flows generated from operations.   

Free cash flow and free cash flow per share are reconciled to the amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Cash 
Flows as follows: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
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1 Excludes finance lease additions 

OPERATING CASH COSTS AND OPERATING CASH COSTS PER TONNE AND OUNCE SOLD 

Operating cash costs and operating cash cost per tonne and per ounce sold are non-IFRS measures.  In the gold mining industry, 
these metrics are common performance measures but do not have any standardized meaning under IFRS.  

Operating  cash  costs  include  mine  site  operating  costs  such  as  mining,  processing  and  administration,  but  exclude  royalty 
expenses, depreciation and depletion and share based payment expenses and reclamation costs.  Operating cash costs per 
tonne of ore produced is calculated by dividing operating cash costs to tonnes milled; operating cash cost per ounce sold is 
based on ounces sold and is calculated by dividing operating cash costs by gold ounces sold.  

The Company discloses operating cash costs and operating cash cost per tonne and per ounce sold as it believes the measures 
provide  valuable  assistance  to  investors  and  analysts  in  evaluating  the  Company’s  operational  performance  and  ability  to 
generate cash flow.  The most directly comparable measure prepared in accordance with IFRS is total production expenses. 
Operating cash costs and operating cash cost per ore tonne produced and per ounce of gold sold should not be considered in 
isolation or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with IFRS. 

AISC AND AISC PER OUNCE SOLD 

AISC and AISC per ounce sold are Non-IFRS measures.  These measures are intended to assist readers in evaluating the total 
costs of producing gold from current operations.  While there is no standardized meaning across the industry for this measure, 
the Company’s definition conforms to the definition of AISC as set out by the World Gold Council in its guidance note dated 
June 27, 2013.  

The Company defines AISC as the sum of operating costs (as defined and calculated above), royalty expenses, sustaining capital 
(capital required to maintain current operations at existing levels), corporate expenses, underground exploration expenses 
and  reclamation  cost  accretion  related  to  current  operations.    Corporate  expenses  include  general  and  administrative 
expenses, net of transaction related costs, severance expenses for management changes and interest income.  AISC excludes 
growth capital, reclamation cost accretion not related to current operations, interest expense, debt repayment and taxes.   

TOTAL CASH COSTS AND AISC RECONCILIATION 

The following tables reconciles these non-IFRS measures to the most directly comparable IFRS measures available for the three 
months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and for the year ended December 31, 2016 and eight months ended December 
31, 2015: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

46 

Cash flow generated from operations$65,014$11,388$180,927$39,358   Mineral property additions(16,850)                       (5,139)                         (58,223)                       (20,599)                          Property, plant and equipment (1)(7,035)                         (39)                             (15,471)                       (4,938)                         Free cash flow$41,129$6,211$107,233$13,821Weighted average shares outstanding - basic ('000s)146,45880,954121,17280,571Cash flow per share generated from operations$0.44$0.14$1.49$0.49Free cash flow per share$0.28$0.08$0.88$0.17(in thousands, except per share amounts)Three months ended December 31, 2016Two months ended December 31, 2015Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)  Purchase price allocation represents the impact on production costs of the valuation of metal inventory acquired with the business combinations. 
(2)  Genderal and adiministration costs are net of finance and certain other income items. 

(in thousands, except per tonne and per ounce amounts)Holt               MineHolloway       MineTaylor           MineHolt Mine ComplexMacassa       MineFosterville MineCosmo          MineStawell         MineTotal          Consolidated      Production costs$8,286 $6,248 $4,670 $19,204 $19,988 $14,636 $6,797 $5,527 $66,152       Share based payment expenses                     (21)                     (21)                     (21)                     (63)                     (79)                       -                          -                          -                      (142)      Purchase Price Allocation (1)                       -                          -                          -                          -                          -                  (6,478)                       -                          -                  (6,478)Operating cash costs                 8,265                  6,227                  4,649                19,141                19,909                  8,158                  6,797                  5,527                59,532       Royalties                 1,820                     876                     127                  2,823                     867                     483                        -                         35                  4,208       Share based payment expenses                      21                       21                       21                       63                     198                        -                          -                          -                       261       Rehabilitation acretion                      34                          7                          9                       50                       12                       15                       32                          7                     116       Underground mine drilling                       -                         84                       86                     170                     610                        -                          -                          -                       780       General and administrative costs (2)                    264                     173                     181                     618                     821                     384                     128                       55                  2,006       Mine development                 2,981                     294                  2,073                  5,348                  7,691                  2,861                     178                        -                  16,078       Plant and equipment                 2,702                  1,170                  1,311                  5,183                  9,381                     539                     472                       48                15,623 AISC$16,087 $8,853 $8,457 $33,397 $39,488 $12,440 $7,608 $5,673 $98,605       Ounces of gold sold15,242 10,001 10,414 35,658 47,342 19,408 6,487 2,802 111,697       Operating cash cost per ounce sold$542 $623 $446 $537 $421 $420 $1,048 $1,973 $533       AISC per ounce sold$1,055 $885 $812 $937 $834 $641 $1,173 $2,025 $883 (in thousands, except per tonne and per ounce amounts)Macassa       Mine      Production costs$15,399       Share based payment expenses                   (117)Operating cash costs               15,282       Royalties                    712       Share based payment expenses                    324       Rehabilitiation and remediation                        -         Mine exploration                    247       General and administrative costs                    945       Mine development                 5,111       Plant and equipment                 2,825 AISC$25,445       Ounces of gold sold               25,284       Operating cash cost per ounce sold$604       AISC per ounce sold$1,006 Three months ended December 31, 2016Two months ended December 31, 2015 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
TSX-KL 

(1)  Purchase price allocation represents the impact on production costs of the valuation of metal inventory acquired with the business combinations. 
(2)  Genderal and adiministration costs are net of finance and certain other income items. 

(in thousands, except per tonne and per ounce amounts)Holt               MineHolloway       MineTaylor           MineHolt Mine ComplexMacassa       MineFosterville MineCosmo          MineStawell         MineTotal          Consolidated      Production costs$36,752 $22,068 $21,309 $80,129 $91,279 $14,637 $6,797 $5,527 $198,369       Stock-based compensation                      (21)                     (21)                     (21)($63)                   (280)                       -                          -                          -   ($343)      Purchase Price Allocation (1)               (1,335)                     (58)               (1,958)($3,351)                       -                  (6,478)                       -                          -   ($9,829)Operating cash costs               35,396                21,989                19,330                76,715                90,999                  8,159                  6,797                  5,527              188,197       Royalties                 6,882                  2,562                     555                  9,999                  5,070                     483                        -                         35                15,587       Stock-based compensation                      21                       21                       21                       63                  1,510                        -                          -                          -                    1,573       Rehabilitiation and remediation                     133                       31                       36                     200                     123                       15                       32                          7                     377       Underground mine drilling                       -                       512                     548                  1,060                  2,501                        -                          -                          -                    3,561       General and administrative costs (2)                 1,058                     501                     824                  2,383                  5,150                     384                     128                       55                  8,101       Mine development               10,914                  1,491                  6,748                19,153                33,551                  2,861                     178                        -                  55,743       Plant and equipment                 5,940                  2,857                  3,288                12,085                17,736                     539                     472                       48                30,880 AISC$60,344 $29,964 $31,350 $121,658 $156,640 $12,440 $7,608 $5,672 $304,019       Ounces of gold sold56,792 27,129 44,086 128,008 172,784 19,408 6,487 2,802 329,489       Operating cash cost per ounce sold$623 $811 $438 $599 $527 $420 $1,048 $1,972 $571       AISC per ounce sold$1,063 $1,104 $711 $950 $907 $641 $1,173 $2,024 $923 (in thousands, except per tonne and per ounce amounts)Macassa       Mine      Production costs$64,730       Stock-based compensation                    (257)Operating cash costs               64,473       Royalties                 2,949       Stock-based compensation                 1,008       Rehabilitiation and remediation                        -         Mine exploration                 1,134       General and administrative costs                 2,646       Mine development               20,874       Plant and equipment                 5,025 AISC$98,109       Ounces of gold sold             101,094       Operating cash cost per ounce sold$638       AISC per ounce sold$970 Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
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AVERAGE REALIZED PRICE PER OUNCE SOLD 

In the gold mining industry, average realized price per ounce sold is a common performance measure that does not have any 
standardized meaning.  The most directly comparable measure prepared in accordance with IFRS is revenue from gold sales.  
Average  realized  price  per  ounces  sold  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  or  as  a  substitute  for  measures  prepared  in 
accordance with IFRS.  The measure is intended to assist readers in evaluating the total revenues realized in a period from 
current operations. 

Average realized price per ounce sold is reconciled for the periods presented as follows: 

ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS AND ADJUSTED NET EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share are used by management and investors to measure the underlying 
operating performance of the Company.   

Adjusted net earnings is defined as net earnings adjusted to exclude the after-tax impact of specific items that are significant, 
but not reflective of the underlying operations of the Company, including transaction costs, executive severance payments, 
and severance costs associated with transitioning the Stawell Gold Mine to care and other unusual items.  Adjusted basic net 
earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average number of shares outstanding under the basic method of loss per 
share as determined under IFRS. 

WORKING CAPITAL 

Working capital is a Non-IFRS measure.  In the gold mining industry, working capital is a common performance measure but 
does not have any standardized meaning. 

The most  directly comparable measure prepared in accordance with IFRS is current  assets and current  liabilities.  Working 
capital is calculated by deducting current liabilities from current assets.  Working capital should not be considered in isolation 
or as a substitute from measures prepared in accordance with IFRS.  The measure is intended to assist readers in evaluating 
the Company’s liquidity.  Working capital is reconciled to the amounts in the consolidated Statements of Financial Position as 
follows: 

(1)  Purchase price allocation represents the impact on production costs of the valuation of metal inventory acquired with the business combinations. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

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Revenue from gold sales (in thousands)$134,225$27,860$406,664$115,796Ounces sold111,69025,284329,489101,094Average realized price per ounce sold$1,202$1,102$1,234$1,145Three months ended December 31, 2016Two months ended December 31, 2015Year months ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Net earnings$3,076$609$42,107$5,731     Transaction costs14,379                        -                             17,746                        -                                  PPA adjustment on inventory (1)6,478                          -                             9,829                          -                                  Executive severance payments-                             -                             1,624                          -                                  Transition of mines to care and maintenance 3,976                          -                             3,976                          -                             Adjusted net earnings$27,909$609$75,282$5,731Weighted average shares outstanding - basic ('000s)146,45880,954121,17280,571Adjusted net earnings per share - basic$0.19$0.01$0.62$0.07(in thousands, except per share amounts)Three months ended December 31, 2016Two months ended December 31, 2015Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Current assets$289,886$86,147$88,174Current liablities197,57923,79029,585Working capital$92,307$62,357$58,589(in thousands)As atDecember 31, 2016As atDecember 31, 2015As atApril 30, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information is gathered and 
reported to senior management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Executive Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate to permit timely decisions regarding public disclosure. 

Kirkland Lake Gold’s management, including the CEO and CFO, have as at December  31, 2016, designed Disclosure Controls 
and Procedures (as defined in National Instrument 52-109 of the Canadian Securities Administrators), or caused them to be 
designed under their supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the issuer is made 
known  to  them  by  others,  particularly  during  the  period  in  which  the  interim  or  annual  filings  are  being  prepared;  and 
information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it 
under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities 
legislation.   

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

Kirkland Lake Gold’s management, including the CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal 
control over financial reporting.  Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, 
the CEO and CFO and effected by management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.   

Kirkland Lake Gold’s management, including the CEO and CFO, believe that disclosure controls and procedures and internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  no  matter  how  well  conceived  and  operated,  can  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute, 
assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.  Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that 
there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.  Because of the inherent 
limitations in all control systems, they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, 
within the Company have been prevented or detected.  These inherent limitations include the realities that judgements in 
decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake.  Additionally, controls can 
be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by unauthorized override of 
the controls.  The design of any control system also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future 
events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed. 

In accordance with National Instrument 52-109, a company may limit its certification of design of disclosures and procedures 
and internal control over financial reporting to exclude the controls, policies and procedures of a business that it acquired not 
more than 365 days before the end of the relevant financial period (i.e. not more than 365 days before December 31, 2016).  
The  Company’s  management,  with  the  participation  of  the  CEO  and  the  CFO,  has  limited  the  scope  of  the  design  of  the 
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to exclude controls, policies and 
procedures  at  the  Holt,  Holloway  and  Taylor  Mines,  which  were  acquired  on  January  26,  2016  and  the  Australian  mines 
acquired in connection with the Newmarket Arrangement completed on November 30, 2016.   

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 
2016, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting.  Management is continuing to integrate and implement its internal controls over the acquired businesses discussed 
above. 

Management used the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls for the year ended 
December  31,  2016.    Based  on  this  evaluation,  management  concluded  that  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  was  operating  effectively  as  at  December  31,  2016  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  the  financial  information  is 
recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. 

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RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

The following major risk factors should be given special consideration when evaluating trends, risks and uncertainties relating 
to  the  Company’s  business.    Any  of  the  following  risk  factors  could  cause  circumstances  to  differ  materially  from  those 
described  in  forward  –  looking  statements  relating  to  the  Company,  and  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  upon  the 
Company, its business, operations, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.  Although the following are major 
risk  factors identified by management, they do not  comprise a  definitive list  of all risk  factors related to the Company.  In 
addition,  other  risks  and  uncertainties  not  presently  known  by  management  could  impair  the  Company  and  its  business, 
operations, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. 

EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT AND OPERATING RISKS 

Mining operations are inherently dangerous and generally involve a high degree of risk. Kirkland Lake Gold’s operations are 
subject to all of the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and production of precious and 
base metals, including, without limitation, unusual and unexpected geologic formations, seismic activity, rock bursts, cave-ins, 
flooding  and  other  conditions  involved  in  the  drilling  and  removal  of  material,  any  of  which  could  result  in  damage  to,  or 
destruction of, mines and other producing facilities, personal injury or loss of life and damage to property and environmental 
damage,  all  of  which  may  result  in  possible  legal  liability.    Although  the  Company  expects  that  adequate  precautions  to 
minimize risk will be taken, mining operations are subject to hazards such as fire, rock falls, geo-mechanical issues, equipment 
failure or failure of retaining dams around tailings disposal areas which may result in environmental pollution and consequent 
liability.  The occurrence of any of these events could result in a  prolonged interruption of the Company’s operations that 
would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.  

The  exploration  for  and  development  of  mineral  deposits  involves  significant  risks,  which  even  a  combination  of  careful 
evaluation,  experience  and  knowledge  may  not  eliminate.    While  the  discovery  of  an  ore  body  may  result  in  substantial 
rewards, few properties that are explored are ultimately developed into producing mines.  Major expenses may be required 
to locate and establish mineral reserves, to develop metallurgical processes and to construct mining and processing facilities 
at a particular site.  It is impossible to ensure that the exploration or development programs planned by Kirkland Lake Gold will 
result  in  a  profitable  commercial  mining  operation.    Whether  a  mineral  deposit  will  be  commercially  viable  depends  on  a 
number  of  factors,  some  of  which  are:  the  particular  attributes  of  the  deposit,  such  as  size,  grade  and  proximity  to 
infrastructure, metal prices that are highly cyclical, and government regulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, 
royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection.  The exact effect of these 
factors cannot be accurately predicted, but the combination of these factors may result in Kirkland Lake Gold not receiving an 
adequate return on invested capital.  There is no certainty that the expenditures made towards the search and evaluation of 
mineral deposits will result in discoveries or development of commercial quantities of ore.  

Development  projects  have  no  operating  history  upon  which  to  base  estimates  of  future  capital  and  operating  costs.    For 
development  projects,  resource  estimates  and  estimates  of  operating  costs  are,  to  a  large  extent,  based  upon  the 
interpretation of geologic data obtained from drill holes and other sampling techniques, and feasibility studies, which derive 
estimates of capital and operating costs based upon anticipated tonnage and grades of ore to be mined and processed, ground 
conditions, the configuration of the ore body, expected recovery rates of minerals from ore, estimated operating costs, and 
other factors.  As a result, actual production, cash operating costs and economic returns could differ significantly from those 
estimated.  It is not unusual for new mining operations to experience problems during the start-up phase, and delays in the 
commencement of production can often occur.  

Mineral exploration is highly speculative in nature.  There is  no assurance that exploration efforts will be successful.  Even 
when  mineralization  is  discovered,  it  may  take  several  years  until  production  is  possible,  during  which  time  the  economic 
feasibility of production may change.  Substantial expenditures are required to establish proven and probable mineral reserves 
through  drilling.    Because  of  these  uncertainties,  no  assurance  can  be  given  that  exploration  programs  will  result  in  the 
establishment or expansion of mineral resources or mineral reserves.  

FLUCTUATION PRICE OF GOLD  

The Company’s profitability and long-term viability depend, in large part, upon the market price of gold. Metal prices fluctuate 
widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control, including global and regional supply and demand 
for  industrial  products  containing  metals  generally;  changes  in  global  or  regional  investment  or  consumption  patterns; 

ANNUAL REPORT 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
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increased production due to new mine developments and improved mining and production methods; decreased production 
due to mine closures; interest rates and interest rate expectation; expectations with respect to the rate of inflation or deflation; 
currency rate fluctuations; availability and costs of metal substitutes; global or regional political or economic conditions; and 
sales by central banks, holders, speculators and other producers of metals in response to any of the above factors. 

There can be no assurance that metal prices will remain at current levels or that such prices will improve. A decrease in the 
market  prices  could  adversely  affect  the  profitability  of  the  Company’s  existing  mines  and  projects  as  well  as  its  ability  to 
finance  the  exploration  and  development  of  additional  properties,  which  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company’s results of operations, cash flows and financial position. A decline in metal prices may require the Company to write-
down mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates, which could result in material write-downs of investments in mining 
properties. Further, if revenue from metal sales declines, the Company may experience liquidity difficulties. Its cash flow from 
mining operations may be insufficient to meet its operating needs, and as a result the Company could be forced to discontinue 
production and could lose its interest in, or be forced to sell, some or all of its properties. 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company did not utilize any hedging programs to mitigate the effect of gold price movement. 

FLUCTUATION IN FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES 

Currency fluctuations may affect the Company’s capital costs and the costs that the Company incurs at its operations. Gold is 
sold throughout the world based principally on a United States dollar price, but most of the Company’s operating and capital 
expenses are incurred in Australian dollars and Canadian dollars. The appreciation of these foreign currencies could materially 
and adversely affect Kirkland Lake Gold’s profitability, results of operations and financial position.  

As at December 31, 2016, the Company did not maintain any forward contracts to sell US dollars, Canadian dollars or Australian 
dollars in order to protect against the risk of an increase in the value of any foreign currency. 

AVAILABILITY AND COSTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE, ENERGY, AND OTHER COMMODITIES 

Mining, processing, capital development projects and exploration activities depend on adequate infrastructure.  Reliable access 
to energy and power sources and water supply are important factors that affect capital and operating costs.  If the Company 
does not have timely access to adequate infrastructure, there is no assurance that it will be able to start or continue exploiting 
and develop projects, complete them on timely basis or at all.  There is no assurance that the ultimate operations will achieve 
the anticipated production volume, or that construction costs and operating costs will not be higher than estimates calculated. 

The profitability of the Company’s business is also affected by the market prices and availability of commodities and resources 
which are consumed or otherwise used in connection with the Company’s operations and development projects such as diesel 
fuel, electricity, finished steel, tires, steel, chemicals and reagents. Prices of such commodities and resources are also subject 
to  volatile  price  movements,  which  can  be  material  and  can  occur  over  short  periods  of  time  due  to  factors  beyond  the 
Company’s control.  

If  there  is  a  significant  and  sustained  increase  in  the  cost  of  certain  commodities,  the  Company  may  decide  that  it  is  not 
economically feasible to continue all of the Company’s commercial production and development activities and this could have 
an adverse effect on profitability.  Higher worldwide demand for critical resources like input commodities, drilling equipment, 
mobile mining equipment, tires and skilled labour could affect the Company’s ability to acquire them and lead to delays in 
delivery and unanticipated cost increases, which could have an effect on the Company’s operating costs, capital expenditures 
and production schedules. 

Further, the Company relies on certain key third-party suppliers and contractors for services, equipment, raw materials used 
in, and the provision of services necessary for, the development, construction and continuing operation of its assets.  As a 
result, the Company’s activities at its mine sites are subject to a number of risks some of which are outside its control, including 
negotiating agreements with suppliers and contractors on acceptable terms, the inability to replace a supplier or a contractor 
and  its  equipment,  raw  materials  or  services  in  the  event  that  either  party  terminates  the  agreement,  interruption  of 
operations  or  increased  costs  in  the  event  that  a  supplier  or  contractor  ceases  its  business  due  to  insolvency  or  other 
unforeseen event and failure of a supplier or contractor to perform under its agreement with the Company.  The occurrences 
of one or more of these events could have a material effect on the business, results of operations and financial condition of 
the Company. 

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The Company manages certain of these such risks by means of long-term electricity agreements with local power authorities 
(where  available)  and  inventory  control  processes  on  consumables  including  fuel.  Furthermore,  the  Company  seeks  to 
continually review, assess, and improve operations to reduce input costs and maximize output. 

UNCERTAINTY OF PRODUCTION ESTIMATES 

Kirkland Lake Gold has prepared estimates of future gold production for its existing and future mines. The Company cannot 
give any assurance that such estimates will be achieved. Failure to achieve production estimates could have an adverse impact 
on the Company’s future cash flows, profitability, results of operations and financial conditions. The realization of production 
estimates are dependent on, among other things, the accuracy of mineral reserve and resource estimates, the accuracy of 
assumptions regarding ore grades and recovery rates, ground conditions (including hydrology), the physical characteristics of 
ores, the presence or absence of particular metallurgical characteristics, and the accuracy of the estimated rates and costs of 
mining, ore haulage and processing. Actual production may vary from estimates for a variety of reasons, including the actual 
ore mined varying from estimates of grade or tonnage; dilution and metallurgical and other characteristics (whether based on 
representative samples of ore or not); short-term operating factors such as the need for sequential development of ore bodies 
and the processing of new or adjacent ore grades from those planned; mine failures or slope failures; industrial accidents; 
natural  phenomena  such  as  inclement  weather  conditions,  floods,  droughts,  rock  slides  and  earthquakes;  encountering 
unusual or unexpected geological conditions; changes in power costs and potential power shortages; shortages of principal 
supplies needed for mining operations, including explosives, fuels, chemical reagents, water, equipment parts and lubricants; 
plant  and  equipment  failure;  the  inability  to  process  certain  types  of  ores;  labour  shortages  or  strikes;  and  restrictions  or 
regulations imposed by government agencies or other changes in the regulatory environment. Such occurrences could also 
result in damage to mineral properties or mines, interruptions in production, injury or death to persons, damage to property 
of Kirkland Lake Gold or others, monetary losses and legal liabilities in addition to adversely affecting mineral production. These 
factors may cause a mineral deposit that has been mined profitably in the past to become unprofitable, forcing Kirkland Lake 
Gold to cease or curtail production. 

UNCERTAINTY IN THE ESTIMATION OF MINERAL RESERVES AND MINERAL RESOURCES 

To extend the lives of its mines and projects, ensure the continued operation of the business and realize its growth strategy, it 
is  essential  that  the  Company  continues  to  realize  its  existing  identified  mineral  reserves,  convert  mineral  resources  into 
mineral reserves, increase its mineral resource base by adding new mineral resources from areas of identified mineralized 
potential, and/or undertake successful exploration or acquire new mineral resources. 

Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.  The figures for mineral reserves 
and mineral resources contained in this MD&A are estimates only and no assurance can be given that the anticipated tonnages 
and grades will be achieved, that the indicated level of recovery will be realized or that mineral reserves will be mined or 
processed profitably.  Actual mineral reserves may not conform to geological, metallurgical or other expectations, and the 
volume and grade of ore recovered may differ from estimated levels.  There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating 
mineral reserves and mineral resources, including many factors beyond the Company’s control.  Such estimation is a subjective 
process, and the accuracy of any mineral reserve or mineral resource  estimate is a  function of the quantity and quality of 
available data and of the assumptions made and judgments used in engineering and geological interpretation.  Short-term 
operating factors relating to the mineral reserves, such as the need for orderly development of the ore bodies or the processing 
of new or different ore grades, may cause the mining operation to be unprofitable in any particular accounting period.  In 
addition, there can be no assurance that gold recoveries in small scale laboratory tests will be duplicated in larger scale tests 
under on-site conditions or during production.  Lower market prices, increased production costs, reduced recovery rates and 
other factors may result in a revision of its mineral reserve estimates from time to time or may render the Company’s mineral 
reserves uneconomic to exploit.  Mineral reserve data is not indicative of future results of operations.  If the Company’s actual 
mineral reserves and mineral resources are less than current estimates or if the Company fails to develop its mineral resource 
base through the realization of identified mineralized potential, its results of operations or financial condition may be materially 
and adversely affected.  Evaluation of mineral reserves and mineral resources occurs from time to time and estimates may 
change depending on further geological interpretation, drilling results and metal prices, which could have a negative effect on 
the Company’s operations.  The category of inferred mineral resource is often the least reliable mineral resource category and 
is subject to the most variability.  Due to the uncertainty which may attach to inferred mineral resources, there is no assurance 
that  inferred  mineral  resources  will  be  upgraded  to  proven  mineral  reserves  and  probable  mineral  reserves  as  a  result  of 

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continued exploration.  The Company regularly evaluates its mineral resources and it often determines the merits of increasing 
the reliability of its overall mineral resources. 

COST ESTIMATES 

Capital and operating cost estimates made in respect of Kirkland Lake Gold’s mines and development projects may not prove 
accurate. Capital and operating cost estimates are based on the interpretation of geological data, feasibility studies, anticipated 
climatic conditions, market conditions for required products and services, and other factors and assumptions regarding foreign 
exchange  currency  rates.    Any  of  the  following  events  could  affect  the  ultimate  accuracy  of  such  estimate:  unanticipated 
changes in grade and tonnage of ore to be mined and processed; incorrect data on which engineering assumptions are made; 
delay in construction schedules, unanticipated transportation costs; the accuracy of major equipment and construction cost 
estimates; labour negotiations; changes in government regulation (including regulations regarding prices, cost of consumables, 
royalties, duties, taxes, permitting and restrictions on production quotas on exportation of minerals); and title claims. 

REPLACEMENT OF DEPLETED MINERAL RESERVES 

Given  that  mines  have  limited  lives  based  on  proven  mineral  reserves  and  probable  mineral  reserves,  the  Company  must 
continually replace and expand its mineral resources and mineral reserves at its gold mines and discover, develop, or acquire 
mineral reserves for production. The life-of-mine estimates used by management in its analysis may not prove accurate.  The 
Company’s ability to maintain or increase its annual production of gold will depend in significant part on its ability to bring new 
mines into production and to expand mineral reserves or extend the life of existing mines. 

ADDITIONAL CAPITAL AND FINANCING RISK 

The exploration and development of the Company’s properties, including continuing exploration and development projects, 
and  the  construction  of  mining  facilities  and  commencement  of  mining  operations,  may  require  substantial  additional 
financing.  Failure to obtain sufficient financing will result in a delay or indefinite postponement of exploration, development 
or production on any or all of the Company’s properties or even a loss of a property interest.  Additional financing may not be 
available when needed or if available, the terms of such financing might not be favourable to the Company and might involve 
substantial dilution to existing shareholders.  Failure to raise capital when needed would have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.  In addition, failure to comply with covenants under the 
Company’s current or future debt agreements or to make scheduled payments of the principal of, or to pay interest on, its 
indebtedness would likely result in an event of default under the debt agreements and would allow the lenders to accelerate 
the debt under these agreements, which may affect the Company’s financial condition. 

ABILITY TO EXECUTE BUSINESS PLANS, INTEGRATION AND MANAGEMENT OF GROWTH 

The acquisitions of St Andrew and Newmarket were completed with the expectation that they would result in a diversified 
production, strong financial position and flexibility, and strong productive growth profile for the Company.  These anticipated 
benefits associated with these transactions, including the realization of operational synergies, requires the acquired businesses 
to be successfully integrated in a timely and non-disruptive manner.  While the Company has retained independent third party 
financial  consultants  to  assist  with  the  integration  process,  many  operational  and  strategic  decisions  with  respect  to  the 
combined company have not yet been implemented.  These decisions and the integration of the St Andrew and Newmarket 
operations along with the potential transaction may present challenges to management, including the integration of systems 
and personnel of each company, and special risks including possible unanticipated liabilities, unanticipated costs, operational 
delays  and  the  loss  of  key  employees.    The  performance  of  the  Company’s  operations  could  be  adversely  affected  if  the 
combined company cannot retain key employees to assist in the integration and operation of St Andrew, Newmarket, and 
Kirkland  Lake  Gold.    As  a  result  of  these  factors,  it  is  possible  that  the  cost  reductions  and  synergies  expected  from  the 
combination of each transaction will not be realized.  In addition, such synergies assume certain realized long-term metals and 
consumable commodities prices and foreign exchange rates.  If actual prices were below such assumed prices, the realization 
of potential synergies could be adversely effected. In addition, experience from actual mining or processing operations may 
identify new or unexpected conditions which could reduce production below, and/or increase capital and/or operating costs 
above,  the  Company’s  current  estimates.    If  actual  results  are  less  favourable  than  the  Company  currently  estimates,  the 
combined company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity could be materially adversely impacted. 
There can be no assurance that the Company will not incur significant costs in the future in connection with such potential 
liabilities.  The Company may also be subject to growth-related risks including capacity constraints and pressure on its internal 
systems and controls.  The ability of the Company to manage growth effectively will require it to continue to implement and 

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improve its operational and financial systems and to expand, train and manage its employee base. The inability of the Company 
to effectively deal with this growth may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results 
of operations and prospects. 

GOVERNMENT REGULATION 

The Company’s mining, processing, development and exploration activities are subject to various laws governing prospecting, 
mining, development, production, taxes, labour standards and occupational health, mine safety, toxic substances, land use, 
water use and other matters.  No assurance can be given that new rules and regulations will not be enacted or that existing 
rules and regulations will not be applied in a manner which could limit or curtail exploration and development. 

Many of the mineral rights and interests of the Company are subject  to government  approvals, licenses and permits.  The 
granting of enforcement of the terms of such approvals, licenses and permits are, as a practical matter, subject to the discretion 
of the applicable governments or governmental officials.  No assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in 
maintaining any or all of the various approvals, licenses and permits in full force and effect without modification or revocation.  
To the extent such approvals are required and not obtained, the Company may be curtailed or prohibited from continuing or 
proceeding with planned exploration or development of mineral properties. 

Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions thereunder, 
including  orders  issued  by  regulatory  or  judicial  authorities  causing  operations  to  cease  or  be  curtailed,  and  may  include 
corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions.  Parties engaged 
in  mining  operations  or  in  the  exploration  or  development  of  mineral  properties  may  be  required  to  compensate  those 
suffering  loss  or  damage  by  reason  of  the  mining  activities  and  may  have  civil  or  criminal  fines  or  penalties  imposed  for 
violations of applicable laws or regulations. 

Amendments to current laws and regulations governing operations or more stringent implementation thereof could have a 
material adverse effect on the Company and cause increases in exploration expenses, capital expenditures or development 
costs or reduction in levels of production at producing properties, if any, or require abandonment or delays in development of 
new mining properties. 

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND HAZARDS 

Mining, like many other extractive natural resource industries, is subject to potential risks and liabilities due to accidents that 
could result in serious injury or death and/or material damage to the environment and Company assets.  The impact of such 
accidents could affect the profitability of the operations, cause an interruption to operations, lead to a loss of licenses, affect 
the reputation of the Company and its ability to obtain further licenses, damage community relations and reduce the perceived 
appeal of the Company as an employer. 

All phases of the Company’s operations are also subject to environmental regulation under the laws of the Commonwealth of 
Australia, federal government of Canada and the State, Province or Territory in which those activities are conducted.  These 
regulations mandate, among other things, water and air quality standards, noise, surface disturbance, the impact on flora and 
fauna  and  land  reclamation,  and  regulate  the  generation,  transportation,  storage  and  disposal  of  hazardous  waste. 
Environmental legislation is evolving in a  manner that will require stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and 
penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects and a heightened degree of 
responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees.  There is no assurance that the Company has been or 
will at all times be in full compliance with all environmental laws and regulations or hold, and be in full compliance with,  all 
required environmental, health and safety permits.  The potential costs and delays associated with compliance with such laws, 
regulations and permits could prevent the Company from proceeding with the development of a project or the operation or 
further development of a project, and any non-compliance therewith may adversely affect the Company’s business, financial 
condition and results of operations.  Environmental hazards may also exist on the properties on which the Company holds 
interests that are unknown to the Company at present and that have been caused by previous or existing owners or operators 
of the properties. 

Government  environmental approvals and permits are  currently, or may in the future  be, required in connection with the 
Company’s  operations.  To  the  extent  such  approvals  are  required  and  not  obtained,  the  Company  may  be  curtailed  or 
prohibited from proceeding with planned exploration or development of mineral properties.  Failure to comply with applicable 

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laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement  actions, including orders issued by regulatory or 
judicial  authorities  causing  operations  to  cease  or  be  curtailed,  and  may  include  corrective  measures  requiring  capital 
expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in mining operations, including the 
Company, may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the mining activities and may have civil 
or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations.  Amendments to current laws, regulations 
and permits governing operations and activities of mining companies, or more stringent implementation thereof, could have 
a material adverse impact on the Company and cause increases in exploration expenses, capital expenditures or production 
costs, reduction in levels of production at producing properties, or abandonment or delays in development of new mining 
properties. 

In the context of environmental permits, including the approval of reclamation plans, Kirkland Lake Gold must comply with 
standards, laws and regulations that may entail costs and delays depending on the nature of the activity to be permitted and 
how stringently the regulations are implemented by the regulatory authority.  The reclamation liability on any of Kirkland Lake 
Gold’s properties will be calculated based on current laws and regulations and the expected future costs to be incurred in 
reclaiming,  restoring  and  closing  its  exploration  or  operating  mine  sites.    It  is  possible  that  the  Company’s  estimate  of  its 
ultimate reclamation liability could change as a result of changes in laws and regulations and changes in cost estimates.  Should 
the Company be unable to post required financial assurance related to an environmental remediation obligation, the Company 
might  be  prohibited  from  starting  planned  operations  or  required  to  suspend  existing  operations  or  enter  into  interim 
compliance measures pending completion of the required remedy, which could have a material adverse effect. 

In addition, personnel involved in the Company’s operations are subject to many inherent risks, including but not limited to, 
rock bursts, cave-ins, flooding, fall of ground, electricity, slips and falls and moving equipment that could result in occupational 
illness, health issues and personal injuries.  The Company has implemented and continues to improve on various health and 
safety measures designed to mitigate such risks, including the implementation of improved risk identification and reporting 
systems across the Company, effective management systems to identify and minimize health and safety risks, health and safety 
training and the promotion of enhanced employee commitment and accountability, including a fitness for work program which 
focuses on fatigue, stress, and alcohol and drug abuse.  Such precautions, however, may not be sufficient to eliminate health 
and safety risks and employees, contractors and others may not adhere to the occupational health and safety programs that 
are in place.  Any such occupational health and personal safety issues may adversely affect the business of the Company and 
its future operations. 

TAX MATTERS AND FOREIGN MINING TAX REGIMES 

The Company’s taxes are affected by a number of factors, some of which are outside of its control, including the application 
and interpretation of the relevant tax laws and treaties.  If the Company’s filing position, application of tax incentives or similar 
‘holidays’ or benefits were to be challenged for whatever reason, this could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
business, results of operations and financial condition.  

The  Company  is  subject  to  routine  tax  audits  by  various  tax  authorities.    Tax  audits  may  result  in  additional  tax,  interest 
payments and penalties which would negatively affect the Company’s financial condition and operating results.  New laws and 
regulations or changes in tax rules and regulations or the interpretation of tax laws by the courts or the tax authorities may 
also have a substantial negative impact on the Company’s business.  There is no assurance that the Company’s current financial 
condition will not be materially adversely affected in the future due to such changes. 

Mining tax regimes in foreign jurisdictions are subject  to differing interpretations and are subject  to constant  change. The 
Company’s interpretation of taxation law as applied to its transactions and activities may not coincide with that of the tax 
authorities. As a result, transactions may be challenged by tax authorities and the Company’s operations may be assessed, 
which could result in significant additional taxes, penalties and interest.  In addition, proposed changes to mining tax regimes 
in foreign jurisdictions could result in significant additional taxes payable by the Company, which would have a negative impact 
on the financial results of Kirkland Lake Gold. 

AUSTRALIAN FOREIGN INVESTMENT LAW 

Pursuant to Australian law, a person acquiring control or direction, directly or indirectly, of 15% or more of the securities of 
the Company may be required to obtain prior approval from the Australian Foreign Investment Review Board.  An investor 

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who fails to obtain such approval may be subject to fines or may be forced to dispose of a portion of the investment.  Investors 
should consult their own legal advisors prior to making any investment in securities of the Company.  

FOREIGN OPERATIONS AND POLITICAL RISK 

Kirkland  Lake  Gold  conducts  mining,  development  and  exploration  and  other  activities  in  Australia.    Inherent  risks  with 
conducting foreign operations include, but are not limited to: renegotiation, cancellation or forced modification of existing 
contracts;  expropriation  or  nationalization  of  property;  changes  in  laws  or  policies  or  increasing  legal  and  regulatory 
requirements of particular countries including those relating to taxation, royalties, imports, exports, duties, currency, or other 
claims by government entities, including retroactive claims and/or changes in the administration of laws, policies and practices; 
uncertain  political  and  economic  environments;  war,  terrorism,  sabotage  and  civil  disturbances;  delays  in  obtaining or  the 
inability to obtain or maintain necessary governmental permits or to operate in accordance with such permits or regulatory 
requirements;  currency  fluctuations;  import  and  export  regulations,  including  restrictions  on  the  export  of  gold  or  other 
minerals; limitations on the repatriation of earnings; and increased financing costs. 

These risks may limit or disrupt operating mines or projects, restrict the movement of funds, cause Kirkland Lake Gold to have 
to expend more funds than previously expected or required, or result in the deprivation of contract rights or the taking of 
property by nationalization or expropriation without fair compensation, and may materially adversely affect the Company’s 
financial position or results of operations.  

INFORMATION SYSTEMS SECURITY THREATS 

The Company is dependent upon information technology systems to conduct its operations. 

The  Company’s  information  technology  systems  are  subject  to  disruption,  damage  or  failure  from  a  variety  of  sources, 
including,  without  limitation,  cable  cuts,  damage  to  physical  plants,  fire,  power  loss,  vandalism,  theft,  computer  viruses, 
security breaches, cyber-attacks, natural disasters, and defects in design.  Cyber security incidents, in particular, are evolving 
and include, but are not limited to, malicious attempts to gain unauthorized access to data and/or automated network systems 
and the manipulation or improper use of information technology systems. 

Given  the  unpredictability  of  the  timing,  nature  and  scope  of  information  technology  disruptions,  the  Company  could 
potentially be subject to information system failures; production downtimes; operational delays; significant costs, including 
increased  capital  expenses;  the  unauthorized  release  of  confidential  information;  the  destruction  or  corruption  of  data; 
lawsuits; damage to the Company’s reputation; and/or financial losses resulting from remedial actions, all of which could have 
a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash flows, competitive position, financial condition or results of operations.  The 
Company  could  also  be  adversely  affected  by  system  or  network  disruptions  if  new  or  upgraded  information  technology 
systems are defective, not installed properly or not properly integrated into the Company’s operations. 

The Company continuously monitors security threats to its information systems and implements measures to manage these 
threats.  Although the Company has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks, there can be no assurance 
that the Company will not incur such losses in the future.  The Company’s risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully 
mitigated because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats, the difficulty in anticipating such threats and 
the  difficulty  in  immediately  detecting  all  such  threats.    As  a  result,  cyber  security  and  the  continued  development  and 
enhancement of controls, processes and practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and networks from 
attack, disruption or damage remain a priority.  As cyber threats continue to evolve, the Company may be required to expend 
additional  resources  to  continue  to  modify  or  enhance  protective  measures  or  to  investigate  and  remediate  any  security 
vulnerabilities. 

REPUTATIONAL RISK 

As a result of the increased usage and the speed and global reach of social media and other web-based tools used to generate, 
publish and discuss user-generated content  and to connect with other users, companies today are at much greater risk  of 
losing control over how they are perceived in the marketplace.  Damage to the Company’s reputation can be the result of the 
actual or perceived occurrence of any number of events, and could include any negative publicity, whether true or not.  The 
Company does not have direct control over how it is perceived by others and reputation loss may lead to increased challenges 
in  developing  and  maintaining  community  relations,  decreased  investor  confidence  and  an  impediment  to  the  Company’s 

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overall ability to conduct its operations and advance its projects, thereby having a material adverse impact on the financial 
performance, cash flows and growth prospects. 

DEPENDENCE ON KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL  

Kirkland Lake Gold is dependent upon a number of key management personnel. The Company’s ability to manage its operating, 
development, exploration and financing activities will depend in large part on the efforts of these individuals.  As Kirkland Lake 
Gold’s business grows, it will require additional key financial, administrative, mining, marketing and public relations personnel 
as well as additional staff for operations.  The Company faces intense competition for qualified personnel, and there can be no 
assurance that the Company will be able to attract and retain such personnel.  The loss of the services of one or more key 
employees or the failure to attract and retain new personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to 
manage and expand the Company’s business.  

INSURANCE AND UNINSURED RISKS 

Kirkland  Lake  Gold’s  business  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  hazards  generally,  including:  adverse  environmental 
conditions; industrial accidents; labour disputes; unusual or unexpected geological conditions; ground or slope failures; cave-
ins;  changes  in  the  regulatory  environment;  and  natural  phenomena  such  as  inclement  weather  conditions,  floods  and 
earthquakes. Such occurrences could result in damage to mineral properties or production facilities, personal injury or death, 
environmental damage to Newmarket’s properties or the properties of others, delays in mining, monetary losses and possible 
legal liability.  

The businesses and properties of Kirkland Lake Gold are insured against loss or damage, subject to a number of limitations and 
qualifications.  Such insurance will not cover all the potential risks associated with a mining company’s operations.  Kirkland 
Lake  Gold  may  also  be  unable  to  maintain  insurance  to  cover  these  risks  at  economically  feasible  premiums.    Insurance 
coverage may not continue to be available or may not be adequate to cover any resulting liability.  Moreover, insurance against 
risks such as environmental pollution or other hazards as a result of exploration and production is not generally available to 
Kirkland Lake Gold or to other companies in the mining industry on acceptable terms.  Kirkland Lake Gold might also become 
subject to liability for pollution or other hazards that it may not be insured against or that Kirkland Lake Gold may elect not to 
insure against because of premium costs or other reasons. Losses from these events may cause Kirkland Lake Gold to incur 
significant costs that could have a material adverse effect upon its financial performance and results of operations. 

OBLIGATIONS AS A PUBLIC COMPANY 

The Company’s business is subject to evolving corporate governance and public disclosure regulations that may from time to 
time increase both the Company’s compliance costs and the risk of non-compliance, which could adversely impact the price of 
the common shares. 

The  Company  is  subject  to  changing  rules  and  regulations  promulgated  by  a  number  of  governmental  and  self-regulated 
organizations, including, but not limited to, the Canadian Securities Administrators, the TSX, and the International Accounting 
Standards Board.  These rules and regulations continue to evolve in scope and complexity creating many new requirements. 
For example, the Government of Canada proclaimed into force the Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act on June 1, 
2015,  which  mandates  the  public  disclosure  of  payments  made  by  mining  companies  to  all  levels  of  domestic  and  foreign 
governments beginning for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The Company’s efforts to comply with such legislation could 
result in increased general and administration expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-
generating activities to compliance activities. 

MARKET PRICE OF SECURITIES  

Securities markets have had a high level of price and volume volatility, and the market price of securities of many resource 
companies have experienced wide fluctuations in price that have not necessarily been related to the operating performance, 
underlying  asset  values  or  prospects  of  such  companies.    Factors  unrelated  to  the  financial  performance  or  prospects  of 
Kirkland Lake Gold include macroeconomic developments locally and globally and market perceptions of the attractiveness of 
particular industries. There can be no assurance that continued fluctuations in mineral prices will not occur.  

As  a  result  of  any  of  these  factors,  the  market  price  of  the  securities  of  the  Company  at  any  given  point  in  time  may  not 
accurately reflect the Company’s long-term value.  In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s 

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securities, shareholders have instituted class action securities litigation against those companies.  Such litigation, if instituted, 
could  result  in  substantial  cost  and  diversion  of  management  attention  and  resources,  which  could  significantly  harm 
profitability and the reputation of Kirkland Lake Gold.  

FIRST NATIONS AND ABORIGINAL HERITAGE  

First  Nations  claims  and  Aboriginal  heritage  issues  may  affect  the  ability  of  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  to  pursue  exploration, 
development and mining on Australian and Canadian properties. The resolution of First Nations title and Aboriginal heritage 
issues is an integral part of exploration and mining operations and Kirkland Lake Gold is committed to managing any issues 
that may arise effectively.  However, in view of the inherent legal and factual uncertainties relating to such issues, no assurance 
can be given that material adverse consequences will not arise. 

CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW MINES 

The success of construction projects and the development of new mines by the Company is subject to a number of factors 
including  the  availability  and  performance  of  engineering  and  construction  contractors,  mining  contractors,  suppliers  and 
consultants,  the  receipt  of  required  governmental  approvals  and  permits  in  connection  with  the  construction  of  mining 
facilities, the conduct of mining operations (including environmental permits), and the successful completion and operation of 
ore passes, among other operational elements.  Any delay in the performance of any one or more of the contractors, suppliers, 
consultants or other persons on which the Company is dependent in connection with its construction activities, a delay in or 
failure to receive the required governmental approvals and permits in a timely manner or on reasonable terms, or a delay in 
or failure in connection with the completion and successful operation of the operational elements of new mines could delay 
or  prevent  the  construction  and  start-up  of  new  mines  as  planned.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  current  or  future 
construction  and  start-up  plans  implemented  by  the  Company  will  be  successful,  that  the  Company  will  be  able  to  obtain 
sufficient  funds  to  finance  construction  and  start-up  activities,  that  personnel  and  equipment  will  be  available  in  a  timely 
manner or on reasonable terms to successfully complete construction projects, that the Company will be able to obtain all 
necessary governmental approvals and permits or that the construction, start-up and ongoing operating costs associated with 
the development of new mines will not be significantly higher than anticipated by the Company.  Any of the foregoing factors 
could adversely impact the operations and financial condition of the Company. 

Some  of  the  Company’s  projects  have  no  operating  history  upon  which  to  base  estimates  of  future  cash  flow.  The  capital 
expenditures and time required to develop new mines or other projects are considerable and changes in costs or construction 
schedules can affect project economics.  Thus, it is possible that actual costs may change significantly and economic returns 
may differ materially from the Company’s estimates. 

CLIMATE CHANGE 

Kirkland Lake Gold has  material properties located in the  Northern Territory, Australia.  Typically, the Northern Territory’s 
tropical wet season is from the end of November to the end of March.  During the wet season, the properties may be subject 
to unpredictable weather conditions such as cyclones, heavy rains, strong winds and flash flooding. Kirkland Lake Gold has 
undertaken several steps to minimize the effects of the wet season on its operations including sealing roads, accommodating 
the  build-up  of  mined  inventory  and  planning  exploration  and  mining  activities  around  the  wet  season.    Nonetheless,  no 
assurance can be given that the unpredictable weather conditions will not adversely affect mining and exploration activities.  
In particular, mining, drilling and exploration activities may be suspended due to poor ground conditions, ore haulage activities 
may be slowed or delayed as roads may be temporarily flooded, and deposits where the host rock is clayish in nature may have 
to be mined or processed at slower than anticipated rates and/or mixed with lower grade stockpile ore.  

COMPETITION 

The  mining  industry  is  intensely  competitive  in  all  of  its  phases  and  Kirkland  Lake  Gold  competes  with  many  companies 
possessing greater financial and technical resources than itself. Competition in the precious metals mining industry is primarily 
for mineral rich properties that can be developed and produced economically; the technical expertise to find, develop, and 
operate such properties; the labour to operate the properties; and the capital for the purpose of funding such properties.  
Many competitors not only explore for and mine precious metals, but also conduct refining and marketing operations on a 
global basis.  Such competition may result in Kirkland Lake Gold being unable to acquire desired properties, to recruit or retain 
qualified employees or to acquire the capital necessary to fund its operations and develop its properties.  Existing or future 

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competition  in  the  mining  industry  could  materially  adversely  affect  Newmarket’s  prospects  for  mineral  exploration  and 
success in the future. 

LITIGATION 

All industries, including the mining industry, are subject to legal claims, with and without merit.  Legal proceedings may arise 
from time to time in the course of the Company’s business.  Such litigation may be brought from time to time in the future 
against Kirkland Lake Gold or one or more of its Subsidiaries or the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries may be subject 
to another form of litigation.  Defense and settlement costs of legal claims can be substantial, even with respect to claims that 
have no merit.  As of the date hereof, no significant claims have been brought against the Company, nor has the Company 
received an indication that any claims are forthcoming.  However, due to the inherent uncertainty of the litigation process, 
should a claim be brought against the Company, the process of defending such claims could take away from the time and effort 
management of the Company would otherwise devote to its business operations and the resolution of any particular legal 
proceeding to which the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries may become subject could have a material adverse effect 
on the Company’s financial position and results of operations. 

DEPENDENCE ON OUTSIDE PARTIES 

Kirkland Lake Gold has relied upon consultants, engineers, contractors and other parties and intends to rely on these parties 
for exploration, development, construction and operating expertise.  Substantial expenditures are required to construct mines, 
to  establish  mineral  reserves  through  drilling,  to  carry  out  environmental  and  social  impact  assessments,  to  develop 
metallurgical processes to extract metal from ore and, in the case of new properties, to develop the exploration and plant 
infrastructure  at  any  particular  site.    Deficient  or  negligent  work  or  work  not  completed  in  a  timely  manner  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on Kirkland Lake Gold. 

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 

Certain of the directors and officers of the Company also serve as directors and/or officers of other companies involved in 
natural resource exploration and development and, consequently, there exists the possibility for such directors and officers to 
be in a position of conflict.  The Company expects that any decision made by any of such directors and officers involving the 
Company will be made in accordance with their duties and obligations to deal fairly and in good faith with a view to the best 
interests of the Company and its shareholders, but there can be no assurance in this regard.  In addition, each of the Company’s 
directors is required to declare and refrain from voting on any matter in which such directors may have a conflict of interest 
or which are governed by the procedures set forth in the OBCA and any other applicable law. 

NO HISTORY OF DIVIDENDS 

The Company has not historically paid any dividends on its common shares since incorporation and does not anticipate doing 
so in the foreseeable future.  Payment of any future dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors after 
taking into account many factors, including results, financial condition and anticipated cash needs. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS 

The Company prepares its financial reports in accordance with IFRS.  In preparation of financial reports, management may 
need  to  rely  upon  assumptions,  make  estimates  or  use  their  best  judgement  in  determining  the  financial  condition  of  the 
Company.  Significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the Company’s audited annual financial statements.  
In order to have a  reasonable level of assurance that financial transaction are properly authorized, assets are safeguarded 
against  unauthorized  or  improper  use,  and  transactions  are  properly  recorded  and  reported.    The  Company  believes  its 
financial reporting and financial statements are prepared with reasonable safeguards to ensure reliability, the Company cannot 
provide absolute assurance. 

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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS 

Certain statements in this MD&A constitute ‘forward looking statements’, including statements regarding the plans, intentions, 
beliefs and current expectations of the Company with respect to the future business activities and operating performance of 
the Company. The words “may”, “would”, “could”, “will”, “intend”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect” and 
similar expressions, as they relate to the Company, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Investors are 
cautioned that forward-looking statements are based on the opinions, assumptions and estimates of management considered 
reasonable at the date the statements are made, and are inherently subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties and other 
known and unknown factors that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-
looking statements. These factors include, among others, the development of the Company’s properties and the anticipated 
timing thereof, expected production from, and the further potential of, the Company’s properties, the anticipated timing and 
commencement of exploration programs on various targets within the Company’s land holdings, the ability to lower costs and 
gradually increase production, the ability of the Company to successfully achieve business objectives, including integrating Old 
Kirkland Lake Gold and Newmarket or the effects of unexpected costs, liabilities or delays, the potential benefits and synergies 
and expectations of other economic, business and or competitive factors, the Company's expectations in connection with the 
projects and exploration programs being met, the impact of general business and  economic conditions, global liquidity and 
credit availability on the timing of cash flows and the values of assets and liabilities based on projected future conditions, 
fluctuating gold prices, currency exchange rates (such as the Canadian dollar versus the United States dollar), mark-to-market 
derivative  variances,  possible  variations  in  ore  grade  or  recovery  rates,  changes  in  accounting  policies,  changes  in  the 
Company's corporate mineral resources, changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined, changes in project 
development,  construction,  production  and  commissioning  time  frames,  the  possibility  of  project  cost  overruns  or 
unanticipated costs and expenses, higher prices for fuel, power, labour and other consumables contributing to higher  costs 
and  general  risks  of  the  mining  industry,  failure  of  plant,  equipment  or  processes  to  operate  as  anticipated,  unexpected 
changes in mine life, seasonality and unanticipated weather changes, costs and timing of the development of new deposits, 
success of exploration activities, permitting time lines,  native and aboriginal heritage issues, risks relating to infrastructure, 
permitting and licenses, government regulation of the mining industry, risks relating to foreign operations, uncertainty in the 
estimation  and  realization  of  mineral  resources  and  mineral  reserves,  quality  and  marketability  of  mineral  product, 
environmental regulation and reclamation obligations, risks relating to the Northern Territory wet  season, risks relating to 
litigation, risks relating to foreign mining tax regimes, competition, currency fluctuations,  government regulation of mining 
operations, environmental risks, unanticipated reclamation expenses, title disputes or claims, and limitations on insurance, as 
well as those risk factors discussed or referred to in the AIF of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with 
the securities regulatory authorities in certain provinces of Canada and available at www.sedar.com. Should one or more of 
these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements prove incorrect, 
actual  results  may  vary  materially  from  those  described  herein  as  intended,  planned,  anticipated,  believed,  estimated  or 
expected. Although the Company has attempted to identify important risks, uncertainties and factors which could cause actual 
results to differ materially, there may be others that cause results not be as anticipated, estimated or intended. The Company 
does  not  intend,  and  does  not  assume  any  obligation,  to  update  these  forward-looking  statements  except  as  otherwise 
required by applicable law. 

Mineral  resources  are  not  mineral  reserves,  and  do  not  have  demonstrated  economic  viability,  but  do  have  reasonable 
prospects for  economic  extraction. Measured and indicated resources are  sufficiently well defined to allow  geological and 
grade continuity to be reasonably assumed and permit the application of technical and economic parameters in assessing the 
economic viability of the resource. Inferred resources are estimated on limited information not sufficient to verify geological 
and grade continuity or to allow technical and economic parameters to be applied. Inferred resources are too speculative 
geologically to have economic considerations applied to them to enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves. There is 
no certainty that mineral resources of any category can be upgraded to mineral reserves through continued exploration. 

INFORMATION CONCERNING ESTIMATES OF MEASURED, INDICATED AND INFERRED 
RESOURCES 

This document uses the terms “Measured”, “Indicated” and “Inferred” Resources. United States investors are advised that 
while such terms are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission 
does not recognize them. “Inferred Mineral Resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and as to 
their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an Inferred Mineral Resource will ever be 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
2016 

TSX-KL 

upgraded  to  a  higher  category.  Under  Canadian  rules,  estimates  of  Inferred  Mineral  Resources  may  not  form  the  basis  of 
feasibility or other economic studies. United States investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of Measured or 
Indicated Mineral Resources will ever be converted into Mineral Reserves. United States investors are also cautioned not to 
assume that all or any part of an Inferred Mineral Resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable. 

TECHNICAL INFORMATION 

The technical contents related to Kirkland Lake Gold mines and properties, have been reviewed and approved by Pierre Rocque, 
P. Eng., Vice President, Technical Services, Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd., a Qualified Person as defined by the Canadian Securities 
Administrators National Instrument 43-101 “Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects”. 

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CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

As at December 31, 2016 and 2015
Year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year (eight months) 
ended December 31, 2015

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ANNUAL REPORT 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. are the responsibility of management and 
have been approved by the Board of Directors. 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management and are in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards.  

A system of internal controls has been developed and is maintained by management to provide reasonable assurance 
that assets are properly accounted for and adequately safeguarded and that the financial information is relevant, reliable 
and accurate.  

The significant accounting policies used are described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. The financial 
statements include estimates based on the experience and judgment of management in order to ensure that the financial 
statements are presented fairly, in all material respects. 

The Board of Directors exercises its responsibilities for ensuring that management fulfils its responsibilities for financial 
reporting and internal control with the assistance of its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is appointed by the Board 
of Directors and all of its members are directors who are not officers or employees of Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. The Audit 
Committee  meets periodically to review financial reports and to discuss internal controls over the financial reporting 
process,  auditing  matters  and  financial  reporting  issues.  The  Committee  reviews  the  Company’s  annual  financial 
statements and recommends their approval to the Board of Directors. 

These financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP on behalf of the shareholders. KPMG LLP has full and free 
access to the Audit Committee and may meet with or without the presence of management. 

(signed) “Anthony Makuch” 
Anthony Makuch  
President and Chief Executive Officer 

March 28, 2017 
Toronto, Canada 

(signed) “Philip C. Yee” 
Philip C. Yee 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial 
Officer 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

To the Shareholders of Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd., which comprise the consolidated 
statements of financial position as at December 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and April 30, 2015, the consolidated statements of 
operations and comprehensive income (loss), cash flows and changes in equity for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the 
eight-month period ended  December  31, 2015, and notes, comprising a  summary of  significant  accounting policies  and other 
explanatory information. 

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable 
the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our 
audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we comply with ethical 
requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements 
are free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. The procedures selected depend on our judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of 
the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk  assessments,  we  consider  internal 
control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit 
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of 
the  entity’s  internal  control.  An  audit  also  includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the 
reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated 
financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a  basis for our audit 
opinion. 

Opinion 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of 
Kirkland Lake Gold Ltd. as at December 31, 2016, December 31, 2015 and April 30, 2015, and its consolidated financial performance 
and its consolidated cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the eight-month period ended December 31, 2015 in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Original Signed by: 

/s/ KPMG LLP 

Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants 
March 28, 2017 
Toronto, Canada 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD.  

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
(In thousands of United States Dollars) 

 Commitments and contractual obligations (Note 29)  

APPROVED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

Signed “Jeff Parr”, DIRECTOR   

Signed “Anthony Makuch”, DIRECTOR 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements  

ANNUAL REPORT 

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66 

As atNoteDecember 31, 2016December 31, 2015April 30, 2015AssetsCurrent assetsCash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718$66,278Accounts receivable14   7,481                       5,841                      4,948                    Inventories15   40,926                     9,970                      12,882                  Prepaid expenses and other current assets6,581                       2,617                      4,066                    289,886                   86,146                    88,174                  Non-current assetsOther long-term assets16   6,187                       2,982                      1,118                    Restricted cash17   20,042                     -                             6,522.99               Mining interests and plant and equipment18   976,044                   261,097                  289,745                Deferred tax assets13   6,535                       -                             -                           1,298,694                350,225                  $385,560LiabilitiesCurrent  liabilitiesAccounts payable and accrued liabilities19   $72,076$19,445$23,940Convertible debentures 22   84,961                     -                             -                           Finance leases 20   12,877                     4,254                      5,486                    Income taxes payable3,747                       91                           -                           Deferred premium on flow through shares24(a)2,943                       -                             159                       Provisions23   20,975                     -                             -                           197,579                   23,790                    29,585                  Non-current liabilitiesConvertible debentures22   -                              78,807                    88,627                  Share based liabilities21   436                         -                             -                           Provisions23   40,994                     4,753                      5,856                    Finance leases 20   15,157                     5,980                      7,039                    Deferred tax liabilities13   138,614                   11,030                    5,267                    392,780                   124,360                  136,374                Shareholders' equityShare capital$900,389$288,556$286,680Equity portion of convertible debentures22   15,674                     15,674                    15,674                  Reserves(21,588)                    ($47,697)(16,768)                 Retained earnings (deficit)11,439                     (30,668)                   (36,399)                 $905,914$225,865249,186                1,298,694                $350,225$385,560 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD.  

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
For the year ended December 31, 2016 and eight months ended December 31, 2015 
(In thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

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67 

Year endedEight months endedNoteDecember 31, 2016December 31, 2015Revenue$406,664$115,796Production costs8             (198,369)                (64,730)                          Royalty expense(15,587)                  (2,948)                            Depletion and depreciation(59,066)                  (18,346)                          Earnings from mine operations133,642                  29,772                           ExpensesGeneral and administrative 9             (11,991)                  (4,674)                            Transaction costs6             (17,746)                  -                                 Exploration and evaluation(15,839)                  (4,241)                            Care and maintenance10           (4,056)                    -                                 Earnings from operations84,010                   20,857                           Other income (loss), net11           148                        (1,282)                            Finance itemsFinance income12           843                        727                                Finance costs12           (11,738)                  (7,500)                            Net earnings before taxes73,263                   12,802                           Current income tax expense13           (2,800)                    (228)                               Deferred tax expense13           (28,356)                  (6,843)                            Net earnings$42,107$5,731Other comprehensive income (loss)Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit and loss:Unrealized loss on available for sale investments, net of tax16           340                        -                                 Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations987                        (31,561)                          Comprehensive income (loss)$43,434($25,830)Basic earnings per share 24(b(iii))$0.35$0.07Diluted earnings per share24(b(iii))$0.34$0.07 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD.  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
 (Stated in thousands of United States Dollars) 

Supplementary cash flow information – Note 25 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

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Year endedEight months endedNoteDecember 31, 2016December 31, 2015Operating activitiesNet earnings $42,107$5,731Depletion and depreciation59,066                     18,346                   Share based payment expense 1,710                       1,008                     Other (income) loss, net(148)                        1,282                     Finance items, net10,518                     6,708                     Income tax expense31,156                     7,071                     Change in non-cash working capital 25    36,519                     (788)                       Net cash provided by operating activities180,928                   39,358                   Investing activitiesAdditions to mining interests18    (58,223)                    (20,599)                  Buy back of royalty18    (30,669)                    -                         Additions to property, plant and equipment18    (15,471)                    (4,938)                    Cash and cash equivalents received on business combinations      6 76,067                     -                         Transfer from restricted cash, net7,430                       6,523                     Proceeds on dispositions of assets749                         -                         Net cash used in investing activities(20,117)                    (19,014)                  Financing activitiesNet proceeds from exercise of stock options5,786                       1,501                     Net proceeds from flow through financings24(a)16,648                     -                         Interest paid, net of interest received of $843 (2015 - $727)(6,329)                     (5,952)                    Repayment of operating line-                          (1,542)                    Payment of finance lease  obligations(7,908)                     (2,881)                    Buy back of convertible debentures(466)                        (1,445)                    Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities7,731                       (10,319)                  Impact of foreign exchange on cash balances(1,362)                     (8,584)                    Change in cash and cash equivalent during the period167,180                   1,440                     Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period67,718                     66,278                   Cash and cash equivalents, end of year$234,898$67,718 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD.   

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
(In thousands of United States Dollars, except share information) 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

69 

NoteShares (000s) AmountShare based paymentsForeign currency translation reserveInvestment revaluation reserveBalance at April 30, 2015          169,070 $286,680$15,674$24,582($41,351)$-($36,399)$249,186Exercise of share options, including transfer from reserves1,363              1,876                   -                 (375)                     -                       -                       -                 1,501                 Shared based payments expense24(b(ii))-                 -                       -                 1,008                   -                       -                       -                 1,008                 Foreign currency translation -                 -                       -                 -                       (31,561)                -                       -                 (31,561)              Net earnings-                 -                       -                 -                       -                       -                       5,731              5,731                 Balance at December 31, 2015          170,433 $288,556$15,674$25,215($72,912)$-($30,668)$225,865Acquisition of St Andrew Goldfields6(b)            70,249 112,706                -                 2,069                   -                       -                       -                 114,775              Flow through share issuance, net of issue costs24(a)              2,205 9,405                   -                 -                       -                       -                       -                 9,405                 Exercise of share options, inclcuding transfer from reserves 4,490              8,140                   -                 (2,521)                  -                       -                       -                 5,619                 Share based payments expense24(b(ii))                   -   -                       -                 1,319                   -                       -                       -                 1,319                 Acquisition of Newmarket Gold, net of share issue costs of $1626(a)178,492          477,878                -                 24,062                  -                 501,940              Consolidation of shares6(a)         (223,581)-                       -                 -                       -                       -                       -                 -                     Flow through share issuance, net of issue costs24(a)                 692 3,389                   -                 -                       -                       -                       -                 3,389                 Exercise of share options and other equity based instruments, including transfer from reserves of $148                   53 315                      -                 (148)                     -                       -                       -                 167                    Foreign currency translation                    -   -                       -                 -                       987                      -                       -                 987                    Other comprehensive income                   -   -                       -                 -                       -                       340                      -                 340                    Net earnings                   -   -                       -                 -                       -                       -                       42,107            42,107               Balance at December 31, 2016          203,032 $900,389$15,674$49,996($71,924)$340$11,439$905,914Reserves(Accumulated Deficit)/ Retained earningsEquity portion of convertible debenturesShareholders' EquityShare Capital 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

1.  DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS  

Kirkland  Lake  Gold  Ltd.  (individually,  or  collectively  with  its  subsidiaries,  as  applicable,  “Kirkland  Lake  Gold”,  or  the 
"Company"), is a publicly listed entity incorporated in the province of Ontario, Canada. The Company’s common shares are 
listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) and on the OTCQX Market. The Company’s head office, principal address and 
record office are located at 200 Bay Street, Suite 3120, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5J 2J1.  

On November 30, 2016, Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. (“Old Kirkland Lake”), at the time a publicly listed company which owned and 
operated  two  mining  complexes  in  Kirkland  Lake  as  well  as  several  exploration  properties  in  the  province  of  Ontario, 
completed a Plan of Arrangement (the “Arrangement” – note 6) with Newmarket Gold Inc. (“Newmarket”), a publicly listed 
company which owned and operated several mines as well as various exploration properties in Australia. Under the Plan of 
Arrangement all existing Old Kirkland Lake common shares were exchanged into Newmarket common shares at a ratio of 
1:2.1053. Old Kirkland Lake became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Newmarket, which was then renamed “Kirkland Lake Gold 
Ltd.”  At the same time the Company completed a consolidation of the combined common shares on the basis of 0.475 post-
consolidation shares for each one pre-consolidation share.  

On January 26, 2016, Old Kirkland Lake acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. 
(” St Andrew” - note 6). St Andrew was a Canadian based gold mining and exploration company with an extensive land package 
in the Timmins mining district in Ontario and operated the Holt, Holloway and Taylor mines, together referred to as the Holt 
Complex. 

2.  BASIS OF PREPARATION 

Statement of Compliance 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(“IFRS”). The accounting policies applied in these consolidated financial statements are presented in note 3 and have been 
applied  consistently  to  all  years  unless  otherwise  noted.  These  consolidated  financial  statements  were  approved  by  the 
Company’s Board of Directors on March 28, 2017. 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial assets and 
liabilities  which  are  measured  at  fair  value.    The  significant  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  note  3  and  have  been 
consistently applied in each of the periods presented. 

The November 30, 2016 Arrangement with Newmarket is considered a business combination under IFRS with Old Kirkland 
Lake  being  the  acquirer  for  accounting  purposes  (note  6(a)).  As  such  the  comparative  information  in  these  financial 
statements is the Old Kirkland Lake comparative information, with the results of operations of Newmarket consolidated from 
November 30, 2016 (the “acquisition date”).  

In 2015 Old Kirkland Lake changed its fiscal year end from April 30 to December 31.  As such, the comparative period ended 
December 31, 2015, is a stub year comprised of eight months. 

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  compliance  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make  certain 
critical accounting estimates.  It also requires management to exercise judgement in the process of applying the Company’s 
accounting  policies.  The  areas  involving  a  higher  degree  of  judgement  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  and 
estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in note 4. 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Change in Reporting Currency 

Following  the  business  combination  with  Newmarket,  the  Company  retrospectively  changed  its  reporting  currency  from 
Canadian dollars (“CAD”) to United States dollars (“USD”) with effect from the year ended December 31, 2016.   

A change in the reporting currency represents a change in accounting policy in accordance with IAS 8 Accounting Policies, 
Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors requiring the restatement of comparative information. In accordance with IAS 
21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, the following methodology was followed in restating historical financial 
information from CAD into USD and translating the information as at and for the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub 
year ended December 31, 2015: 

- 

-  Non-USD assets and liabilities were translated at the relevant closing exchange rate at the end of each reporting 
period. Non-USD items of income and expenditure and cash flows were translated  at rates that approximate the 
exchange rates at the dates of the transactions (i.e. average rates for the period); 
The foreign currency translation reserve was reset to $Nil as at May 1, 2010, the date on which the Company adopted 
IFRS, in line with IFRS 1 First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. Share capital and other 
reserves, as appropriate, were translated at the historic rates prevailing at the dates of underlying transactions; and 
The  effects  of  translating  the  Company’s  financial  results  and  financial  position  into  USD  were  recognized  in 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and the foreign currency translation reserve in the consolidated 
statement of changes in equity. 

- 

The  functional  currencies  of  the  Company’s  various  subsidiaries  remain  unchanged  (note  3(b)).  References  in  these 
consolidated financial statements to “C$” are to Canadian dollars and references to "A$" are to Australian dollars. 

3.  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The principal accounting policies are set out below: 

a)  Basis of presentation and consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. Subsidiaries 
are those entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company is exposed to or has rights to the variable 
returns from the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary. Power is defined 
as existing rights that give the Company the ability to direct the relevant activities of the subsidiary. The financial statements 
of  the  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  that  control  is  transferred  to  the 
Company to the date control ceases. All intercompany transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full 
upon consolidation.  

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ANNUAL REPORT 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The subsidiaries of the Company as at December 31, 2016 and their principal activities are described below: 

b)  Foreign currency translation 

The functional currency for each entity consolidated with the Company is determined by the currency of the primary 
economic environment in which it operates (the “functional currency”). The functional currency for the Company and its 
Canadian subsidiaries is the Canadian dollar; the functional currency for all Australian subsidiaries is the Australian dollar. 
The consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars which is the reporting currency for the 
Company (note 2).   

In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional 
currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end 
of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at that 
date.  Non-monetary  items  carried  at  fair  value  that  are  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  translated  at  the  rates 
prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost 
in a foreign currency are translated at the rate on the date of transaction.  

Exchange differences are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they  arise except for exchange differences on 
monetary items receivable from or payable to a foreign operation for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur 
(therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation), which are recognized initially in other comprehensive 
income and reclassified from equity to profit or loss on disposal or partial disposal of the net investment. 

On the disposal of a foreign operation (i.e. a disposal of the Company’s entire interest in a foreign operation, or a disposal 
involving loss of control over a  subsidiary that includes a foreign  operation), all the accumulated exchange differences in 
respect of that operation attributable to the Company are reclassified to profit or loss. In the case of a partial disposal (i.e. no 
loss of control) of a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, the proportionate share of accumulated exchange differences 
are re-attributed to non-controlling interests and are not recognized in profit or loss.  

c)  Business Combinations 

A  business  combination  is  defined  as  an  acquisition  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  constitute  a  business.  A  business  is  an 
integrated set of activities and assets that consist of inputs, including non-current assets, and processes, including operational 
processes, that when applied to those inputs have the ability to create outputs that provide a return to the Company and its 
shareholders. A business also includes those assets and liabilities that do not necessarily have all the inputs and processes 
required to produce outputs, but can be integrated with the inputs and processes of the Company to create outputs. When 
acquiring a set of activities or assets in the exploration and development stage, which may not have outputs, the Company 
considers other factors to determine whether the set of activities or assets is a business.  

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NameCountry of IncorporationProportion of Ownership InterestPrincipal ActivityKirkland Lake Gold Inc.Canada100%OperatingSt Andrews Goldfields Ltd.Canada100%OperatingCrocodile Gold Inc.Canada100%Holding CompanyNewmarket Gold Victorian Holdings Pty Ltd. Australia100%Holding CompanyDown Under Finance Corporation Pty Ltd.Australia100%Holding CompanyFosterville Gold Mine Pty Ltd.Australia100%OperatingLeviathan Resources Pty Ltd.Australia100%Holding CompanyStawell Gold Mines Pty Ltd.Australia100%OperatingNewmarket Gold NT Holdings Pty Ltd. Australia100%Holding CompanyNT Mining Operations Pty Ltd. Australia100%Operating0982583 B.C. Ltd. Canada100%Inactive0982576 B.C. Ltd. Canada100%InactiveNewmarket America Holdings Inc. U.S.A.100%Inactive 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method whereby identifiable assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed, including contingent liabilities, are recorded at their fair values at the acquisition date. The acquisition date is the 
date at which the Company obtains control over the acquiree, which is generally the date that consideration is transferred 
and the Company acquires the assets and assumes the liabilities of the acquiree. The Company considers all relevant facts 
and circumstances in determining the acquisition date. 

The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the fair 
values of the assets at the acquisition date transferred by the Company, the liabilities, including contingent consideration, 
incurred and payable by the Company to former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Company. The 
measurement date for equity interests issued by the Company is the acquisition date. Acquisition related costs are expensed 
as incurred. 

d)  Revenue recognition 

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts received for goods 
sold in the normal course of business, net of discounts and sales related taxes. Revenue from gold sales is recognized to the 
extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company, the revenue can be reliably measured and when 
all significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer.  

e)  Financial Instruments  

Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company or its subsidiaries become party to the contracts that give 
rise  to  them  and  are  classified  as  loans  and  receivables,  financial  instruments  fair  valued  through  profit  or  loss,  held-to-
maturity, available for sale financial assets and other liabilities, as appropriate. The Company considers whether a contract 
contains an embedded derivative when the entity first becomes a party to it. The embedded derivatives are separated from 
the  host  contract  if  the  host  contract  is  not  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  and  when  the  economic 
characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contract. Reassessment only occurs if there is a change in 
the terms of the contract that significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise be required.  

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (“FVTPL”) 

Financial assets at FVTPL include financial assets held for trading and financial assets designated upon initial recognition as at 
FVTPL. A financial asset is classified in this category principally for the purpose of selling in the short term, or if so designated 
by management. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred.  

AVAILABLE FOR SALE FINANCIAL ASSETS  

Available  for sale (“AFS”) financial assets are those non-derivative financial assets that  are designated as  such or are not 
classified  as  loans  and  receivables,  held-to-maturity  investments  or  financial  assets  at  FVTPL.  AFS  financial  assets  are 
measured at fair value upon initial recognition and at each period end, with unrealized gains or losses being recognized as a 
separate component of equity in other comprehensive income until the investment is derecognized or until the investment 
is  determined  to  be  impaired,  at  which  time  the  cumulative  gain  or  loss  previously  reported  in  equity  is  included  in  net 
earnings (loss). The Company has classified its investments in certain public and private companies as available for sale. 

LOANS AND RECEIVABLES  

Trade receivables, loans and other receivables that have fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active 
market are classified as loans and receivables. Loans and receivables are initially  recognized  at the transaction value and 
subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognized in the statement 
of comprehensive income when the loans and receivables are derecognized or impaired, as well as through the amortization 
process. Interest income is recognized by applying the effective interest rate, except for short term receivables when the 
recognition of interest would be immaterial. 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

Other financial liabilities, including accounts payable and accrued liabilities, convertible debentures, finance leases, share 
based liabilities and provisions are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs. After initial recognition, interest 
bearing loans and borrowings financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest 
method. Gains and losses are recognized in net earnings (loss) when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the 
amortization process. Borrowing liabilities are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right 
to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the statement of financial position date, and are derecognized 
when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged or they expire.  

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS 

Derivative  instruments,  including  embedded  derivatives,  are  recorded  at  fair  value  on  initial  recognition  and  at  each 
subsequent  reporting  period.  Any  gains  or  losses  arising  from  changes  in  fair  value  on  derivatives  are  recorded  in  the 
statement of comprehensive income. 

FAIR VALUES  

The fair value of quoted investments is determined by reference to market prices at the close of business on the statement 
of financial position date. Where there is no active market, fair value is determined using valuation techniques. These include 
using  recent  arm’s  length  market  transactions;  reference  to  the  current  market  value  of  another  instrument  which  is 
substantially the same; discounted cash flow analysis; and, pricing models.  

Financial instruments that are measured at fair value subsequent to initial recognition are grouped into a hierarchy based on 
the degree to which the fair value is observable as follows: 

Level 1 fair value measurements are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 

Level 2 fair  value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are 
observable for the asset or liability either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and 

Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that 
are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 

IMPAIRMENT OF FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Financial assets, other than those recorded at FVTPL, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each period end. A financial 
asset is considered impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the 
initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows of the investments have been adversely impacted. 

If an available for sale asset is impaired, the change in fair value is transferred to net earnings (loss) in the period, including 
cumulative gains or losses previously recognized in other comprehensive income or loss. Reversals of impairment in respect 
of  equity  instruments  classified  as  available  for  sale  are  not  recognized  in  net  earnings  (loss)  but  included  in  other 
comprehensive income.  

f)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash and short-term money market instruments with an original maturity of three months 
or less, or which are on demand.  

g)  Inventories and stockpiled ore 

Inventories are valued at the lower of weighted average cost  or net  realizable value. Inventories include work-in-process 
inventory (stockpiled ore, gold in circuit and bullion inventories) as well as materials and supplies inventory.  

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

For  work-in-process  inventory  the  costs  of  production  include:  (i)  materials,  equipment,  labour  and  contractor  expenses 
which are directly attributable to the extraction and processing of ore; (ii) depletion and depreciation of property, plant and 
equipment used in the extraction and processing of ore; and (iii) related production overheads (based on normal operating 
capacity).  Net  realizable  value  is  the  estimated  selling  price  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  less  estimated  costs  of 
completion and costs of selling the final product. 

Supplies net realizable value is measured by replacement cost.  

h)  Mining interests 

Mining  interests  represent  capitalized  expenditures  related  to  the  development  of  mining  properties,  related  plant  and 
equipment and expenditures arising from property acquisitions. Upon disposal or abandonment, the carrying amounts of 
mining interests are derecognized and any associated gains or losses are recognized in profit or loss. 

MINING PROPERTIES 

Purchased mining properties are recognized as assets at their  cost of acquisition or at fair value if purchased as part of a 
business combination. The Company expenses exploration and evaluation expenditures and near term ore development costs 
as  incurred.  Near  term  development  costs  occur  in  areas  where  the  Company  expects  production  to  occur  within  the 
subsequent 12 months. Property acquisition costs, longer term development, and costs incurred to expand ore reserves are 
capitalized if the criteria for recognition as an asset are met.  

The carrying amounts of mining properties are depleted using the unit-of-production method over the estimated recoverable 
ounces, when the mine is capable of operating at levels intended by management. Under this method, depletable costs are 
multiplied by the number of ounces produced, and divided by the estimated recoverable ounces contained in proven and 
probable reserves and a portion of resources where it is considered highly probable that those resources will be economically 
extracted.  

A mine is capable of operating at levels intended by management when: (i) operational commissioning of major mine and 
plant  components  is  complete;  (ii)  operating  results  are  being  achieved  consistently  for  a  period  of  time;  (iii)  there  are 
indicators that these operating results will be continued; and (iv) other factors are present, including one or more of the 
following:  

- 
- 
- 

a significant portion of plant/mill capacity has been achieved;  
a significant portion of available funding is directed towards operating activities;  
a pre-determined, reasonable period of time has passed; or significant milestones for the development of the mining 
property have been achieved.  

Management  reviews  the  estimated  total  recoverable  ounces  contained  in  depletable  reserves  and  resources  at  each 
financial year end, and when events and circumstances indicate that such a review should be made. Changes to estimated 
total recoverable ounces contained in depletable reserves and resources are accounted for prospectively. 

PLANT AND EQUIPMENT  

Plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses or at fair value if purchased as 
part of a business combination. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, any costs directly 
attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner 
intended by management, the estimated close down and restoration costs associated with the asset and borrowing costs 
incurred that are attributable to qualifying assets as noted in note 3(i).   

Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line or unit of production basis, over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the 
remaining  life  of  the  mine;  the  life  of  mine  is  based  on  estimated  recoverable  ounces  contained  in  proven  and  probable 
reserves  and  a  portion  of  resources  where  it  is  considered  highly  probable  that  those  resources  will  be  economically 
extracted.  

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The significant classes of depreciable plant and equipment and their estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Category 

Mill and related infrastructure 
Vehicles and mobile equipment 
Office equipment 
Computer equipment 

Rates 

Life of mine 
3-5 years  
5 years 
3 years 

Assets under construction are depreciated when they are substantially complete and available for their intended use, over 
their estimated useful lives. Management reviews the estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation methods of 
the Company’s plant and equipment at the end of each financial year, and when events and circumstances indicate that such 
a review should be made. Changes to estimated useful lives, residual values or depreciation methods resulting from such 
review are accounted for prospectively 

Leased assets  

Leases in which the Company assumes substantially all risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Assets 
held under finance leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value and the present value of minimum lease payments at 
inception of the lease, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Lease payments are accounted for as discussed 
in note 3(k).  

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets.  

i)  Borrowing costs 

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset that 
necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale) are capitalized as part of the cost of 
the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.  

j) 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment or whenever 
indicators of impairment exist. Assets that are subject to amortization or depreciation are reviewed for impairment whenever 
events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss  is 
recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount 
of assets is the greater of their fair value less costs to sell and value in use.  

Fair value is based on an estimate of the amount that the Company may obtain in a sale transaction on an arm’s-length basis. 
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For an asset that does 
not generate cash inflows largely independent of those from other assets, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash 
generating unit to which the asset belongs. The Company’s cash generating units are the lowest level of identifiable groups 
of assets that generate cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. 
Where a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-
generating units, otherwise they are allocated to the smallest  group of cash generating units for which  a  reasonable and 
consistent allocation basis can be identified. 

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An 
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that 
would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.  

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

k)  Leases 

Assets held under finance leases are recognized as discussed in note 3(h). The corresponding liability is recognized as a finance 
lease obligation at the present  value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance 
charges and reduction of the lease obligation to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining liability. Finance charges 
are recorded as a finance expense to profit and loss, unless they are attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are 
capitalized.  

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except where another 
systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are realized. 

l)  Share based payments 

The Company has the ability under certain share based compensation plans (note 21 and 24(b(i)) to grant equity based awards 
to directors, officers and employees of, or consultants to, the Company or employees of a corporation providing management 
services to the Company.  

The fair value of the estimated number of stock options awarded to employees, officers and directors that will eventually 
vest, is recognized as share based compensation expense over the vesting period of the stock options with a corresponding 
increase to equity. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes 
option-pricing model and is expensed over the vesting period, based on the Company’s estimate of equity instruments that 
will  eventually  vest.  At  the  end  of  each  reporting  period,  the  Company  revises  its  estimate  of  the  number  of  equity 
instruments expected to  vest and adjusts the amount  of recorded compensation  expense accordingly. The  impact of the 
revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognized in net earnings (loss) or capitalized in mining properties such that the 
accumulated expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to the share  based payment reserve. 
The share based payment cost is recognized in net earnings (loss) or capitalized in mining properties (for options granted to 
individuals involved on specific projects).   

The performance share units (“PSUs”) and restricted share units (“RSUs”) awarded to eligible executives are measured at fair 
value at grant date. The fair value of the estimated number of PSUs and RSUs awarded expected to vest is recognized as share 
based compensation expense over the vesting period of the PSUs and RSUs with a corresponding amount recorded in reserves 
until the respective shares are issued in settlement of the PSUs and RSUs.  

Deferred share units (“DSUs”) awarded to non-executive directors will be settled in cash. The fair value of the DSUs awarded, 
representing the fair market value of the Company’s shares is recognized as share based compensation expense at grant date 
with a corresponding amount recorded as a share based liability. Until the DSU liability is settled, the fair value of the DSUs is 
re-measured at the end of each reporting period and at the date of settlement, with changes in fair value recognized as share 
based compensation expense or recovery in the period. 

As a result of the Newmarket acquisition (note 6) the Company assumed phantom stock units previously granted to certain 
Australian employees, all of which vested at the date of transaction.  Each of the phantom units entitles the holder to a cash 
payment on exercise based on the market value of the Company’s shares on the date of exercise less the strike price of the 
phantom share unit.  

Phantom share units are recorded at their fair market value on the date of grant based on the quoted market price of the 
Company’s shares and are revalued at each reporting date based on the difference between the quoted market price of the 
Company’s shares at the end of the period and the grant  date strike price.  The  fair  value is recognized as a  share based 
payment expense in the consolidated statement of operations with a corresponding entry in share based liabilities 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

For transactions with non-employees, the fair value of the equity settled awards is measured at the fair value of the goods or 
services received, at the date the goods or services are received by the Company. In cases where the fair value of goods or 
services received cannot be reliably estimated, the Company estimates the fair value of the awards at the date of grant. 

m)  Pension plans  

Old Kirkland Lake has a pension plan whereby it contributes a fixed percentage of the employees’ salary to the plan if matched 
by employees’ contribution to a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (“RRSP”). St Andrew has a defined contribution pension 
plan whereby St Andrew contributes a fixed percentage of the employees’ salaries to the pension plan. The employees are 
able to direct the contributions into a variety of investment funds offered by the plans. Pension costs associated with the 
Company’s required contributions under the plans are recognized as an expense when the employees have rendered service 
entitling them to the contribution and are charged to profit or loss, or capitalized to mining interests for employees directly 
involved in the specific projects. Subsequent to year end, effective March 1, 2017 the Company consolidated both plans into 
a new defined contribution pension plan, which covers all of the Company’s employees of the Canadian operations. Under 
the new plan, the Company contributes a fixed percentage of the employees’ salaries to the pension plan.  

n)  Deferred income taxes 

Taxes, comprising both income taxes and mining taxes, are recognised in profit and loss, except when they relate to items 
recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) or directly in equity, in which case the related taxes are recognized in other 
comprehensive income (loss), or directly in equity, respectively. 

Deferred income taxes are recognised in the financial statements using the balance sheet  liability method of accounting, 
providing for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. As an exception, deferred tax assets 
and liabilities are not  recognized  if the temporary differences arise from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset  or 
liability in a transaction (other than in a business combination) that affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is 
realized or the liability is settled based on the tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the 
statement of financial position date.  

Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available 
against which temporary differences can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced 
to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. 

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  when  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax  assets 
against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company 
intends to settle its current assets and liabilities on a net basis.  

o)  Share capital 

Common shares issued by the Company are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new 
common shares are recognized in equity, net of tax, as a deduction from the share proceeds (share issue costs).  

p)  Flow through shares 

Under Canadian income tax legislation, a company is permitted to issue flow through shares whereby the company agrees to 
incur qualifying expenditures and renounce the related income tax deductions to the investors. The Company allocates the 
proceeds from the issuance of these shares between the offering of shares and the sale of tax benefits. The allocation is made 
based on the difference between the quoted price of the shares and the amount the investor pays for the shares. A deferred 
flow through premium liability is recognized for the difference. The liability is reversed when the expenditures are made and 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

is recorded in other income. The spending also gives rise to a deferred tax timing difference between the carrying value and 
tax value of the qualifying expenditure. 

q)  Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Company or its subsidiaries have a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result 
of  a  past  event,  it  is  probable  that  an  outflow  of  resources  embodying  economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the 
obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The amount recognized as a provision is the 
best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. If the effect of 
the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax 
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the 
liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.  

Contingent  liabilities  are  not  recognized  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  if  not  estimable  and  probable,  and  are 
disclosed in notes to the financial information unless their occurrence is remote. Contingent assets are not recognized in the 
consolidated financial statements, but are disclosed in the notes if their recovery is deemed probable.  

ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION 

Provisions for environmental rehabilitation are made in respect of the estimated future costs of closure and restoration and 
for environmental rehabilitation costs (which include the dismantling and demolition of infrastructure, removal of residual 
materials and remediation of disturbed areas) in the accounting period when the related environmental disturbance occurs. 
The provision is discounted using a pre-tax rate, and the unwinding of the discount is included in finance costs. At the time 
of establishing the provision, a corresponding asset is capitalized and is depreciated over future production from the mining 
property to which it relates. The provision is reviewed on an annual basis for changes in cost estimates, changes in legislation, 
discount rates and operating lives.  

Changes to estimated future costs are recognized in the statement of financial position by adjusting the rehabilitation asset 
and liability. Increases in estimated costs related to mine production become part of ore inventory. For closed sites, changes 
to estimated costs are recognized immediately in the profit and loss.  

r)  Earnings (loss) per share 

Basic earnings or loss per share is computed by dividing the net earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the 
weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the relevant period. The Company follows the treasury stock 
method in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, except when assessing the dilution impact of the convertible debt, 
where the if-converted method is used. The treasury method assumes that outstanding stock options, PSUs and RSUs with 
an average exercise price below the market price of the underlying shares are exercised and the assumed proceeds are used 
to repurchase common shares of the Company at the average market  price of the  common shares  for the period. The if 
converted method assumes that all convertible debt has been converted in determining fully diluted earnings or loss per 
share if they are in the money, except where such conversion would be anti-dilutive. 

4.  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION 

UNCERTAINTY 

In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, which are described in note 3, management is required to make 
judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount and classification of assets and liabilities that are not 
readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and 
other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.  

The  estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting  estimates  are 
recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised. 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The following are the significant judgments and areas involving estimates, that management have made in the process of 
applying the Company’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the 
consolidated financial statements.   

Significant Judgments in Applying Accounting Policies 

OPERATING LEVELS INTENDED BY MANAGEMENT 

Prior to reaching operating levels intended by management, costs incurred are capitalized as part of costs of the related 
mining property and proceeds from sales are offset against costs capitalized. Depletion of capitalized costs for mining 
properties begins when operating levels intended by management have been reached. Management considers several 
factors in determining when a mining property has reached the operating levels intended by management.  

DETERMINATION OF FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY 

In accordance with International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, 
management determined that the functional currency of the Company’s Canadian and Australian subsidiaries is, 
respectively, the Canadian and Australian dollar. Determination of functional currency involves judgements to determine 
the primary economic environment and the Company reconsiders the functional currency of its entities if there is a change 
in events and conditions which determined the primary economic environment. 

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS 

Determination of whether a set of assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute the acquisition of a business or asset 
may require the Company to make certain judgements as to whether or not the assets acquired and liabilities assumed include 
the inputs, processes and outputs necessary to constitute a business as defined in IFRS 3 – Business Combinations. Based on 
an assessment of the relevant facts and circumstances, the Company concluded that the acquisition of St Andrew Goldfields 
on January 26, 2016 and Newmarket on November 30, 2016 met the criteria for accounting as a business combination.  

The allocation of the purchase price of acquisitions requires estimates as to the fair market value of acquired assets and 
liabilities. The information necessary to measure the fair values as at the acquisition date of assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed requires management to make certain judgments and estimates about future events, including but not limited to 
estimates of mineral reserves and mineral resources and exploration potential of the assets acquired, future operating 
costs and capital expenditures, discount rates to determine fair value of assets acquire and future metal prices and long 
term foreign exchange rates. 

Changes to the preliminary measurements of assets and liabilities acquired may be retrospectively adjusted when new 
information is obtained until the final measurements are determined within one year of the acquisition date. 

Accounting Estimates and Assumptions  

USEFUL LIFE OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

As discussed in note 3(h), the Company reviews the estimated lives of its plant and equipment at the end of each reporting 
period. There were no material changes in the lives of plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 
stub year ended December 31, 2015. 

DETERMINATION OF RESERVES AND RESOURCES 

Reserve and resource estimates are used in the unit of production calculation for depletion and depreciation expense and 
the determination of the timing of rehabilitation provision costs as well as in the impairment analysis.  

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating reserves and resources. Assumptions that are valid at the time of 
estimation may change significantly when new information becomes available. Changes in the forecast prices of commodities, 
exchange rates, production costs, or recovery rates as well as new drilling results may change the economic status of reserves 
and resources and may result in the reserves and resources being revised. 

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES 

Judgment  is  required  in  determining  whether  deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  on  the  statement  of  financial  position. 
Deferred tax assets, including those arising from unutilized tax losses require management to assess the likelihood that the 
Company and/or its subsidiaries will generate taxable earnings in future periods, in order to utilize recognized deferred tax 
assets. Estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from operations and the application of existing 
tax laws in each jurisdiction. To the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates, the 
ability of the Company and/or its subsidiaries to realize the net deferred tax assets recorded at the statement of financial 
position date could be impacted. Additionally, future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the Company and  its 
subsidiaries operate could limit the ability of the Company to obtain tax deductions in future periods.  

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS 

The carrying amounts of mining properties and plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment if events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If there are indicators of impairment, an exercise is 
undertaken to determine whether the carrying values are in excess of their recoverable amount. Such review is undertaken 
on an asset by asset basis, except where such assets do not generate cash flows independent of other assets, and then the 
review is undertaken at the cash generating unit level (“CGU”). 

The Company considers both external and internal sources of information in assessing whether there are any indications that 
mining  interests  are  impaired.  External  sources  of  information  the  Company  considers  include  changes  in  the  market, 
economic and legal environment in which the Company operates that are not within its control and affect the recoverable 
amount  of  mining  interests.  Internal  sources  of  information  the  Company  considers  include  the  manner  in  which  mining 
properties and plant and equipment are being used or are expected to be used and indications of economic performance of 
the  assets.  In  assessing  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  that  the  Company’s  mining  interests  represented  by  its 
investments  in  associates  are  impaired,  the  Company’s  management  considers  observable  data  including  the  carrying 
amounts of the investees’ net assets as compared to their market capitalization. 

ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION 

Significant estimates and assumptions are made in determining the environmental rehabilitation costs as there are 
numerous factors that will affect the ultimate liability payable. These factors include estimates of the extent and costs of 
rehabilitation activities, technological changes, regulatory changes, cost increases, and changes in discount rates.  

Those uncertainties may result in actual expenditures in the future being different from the amounts currently provided. 
The provision represents management’s best estimate of the present value of the future rehabilitation costs required. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

5.  CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ISSUED BUT 

NOT YET EFFECTIVE 

Changes in Accounting Policies 

IAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements (“IAS 1”) 

IAS 1 was amended in December 2014 in order to clarify, among other things, that information should not be obscured by 
aggregating  or  by  providing  immaterial  information,  that  materiality  considerations  apply  to  all  parts  of  the  financial 
statements  and  that  even  when  a  standard  requires  a  specific  disclosure,  materiality  considerations  do  apply.  The 
amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016. There were no material changes to the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Accounting Standards Issued But Not yet Adopted 

IFRS 2, Share Based Payments 

Final  amendments  to  IFRS  2,  Share  Based  Payments  ("IFRS  2")  were  issued  in  June  2016  to  clarify  the  classification  and 
measurement  of  share  based  payment  transactions.  These  amendments  deal  with  variations  in  the  final  settlement 
arrangements  including;  (a)  accounting  for  cash  settled  share  based  payment  transactions  that  include  a  performance 
condition,  (b)  classification  of  share  based  payment  transactions  with  net  settlement  features,  and  (c)  accounting  for 
modifications of share based payment transactions from cash settled to equity. These changes are effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the changes to IFRS 2. 

IAS 7, Statement of Cash Flows 

The IASB issued amendments to IAS 7, Statement of Cash flows (“IAS 7”), in January 2016.  The amendments are effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017.  This amendment will require disclosures that enable users of financial 
statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash and 
non-cash  changes.    The  Company  will  adopt  the  amendments  to  IAS  7  in  its  financial  statements  for  the  annual  period 
beginning on January 1, 2017.  The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting IAS 7. 

IAS 12, Income Taxes (“IAS 12”) 

The  amendments  clarify  that  the  existence  of  a  deductible  temporary  difference  depends  solely  on  a  comparison  of  the 
carrying amount of an asset and its tax base at the end of a reporting period, and is not affected by possible future changes 
in the carrying amount or expected recovery of the asset.  The Company intends to adopt the amendments to IAS 12 in its 
financial statements for the annual period beginning on January 1, 2017.  The Company is currently assessing the impact of 
adopting IAS 12.  

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (“IFRS 9”) was issued by the IASB in November 2009 with additions in October 2010 and will 
replace IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement (“IAS 39”). IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine 
whether a financial asset is measured at amortized cost or fair value, replacing the multiple rules in IAS 39. The approach in 
IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments in the context of its business model and the contractual 
cash flow characteristics of the financial assets. Most of the requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of 
financial liabilities were carried forward unchanged to IFRS 9, except that an entity choosing to measure a financial liability at 
fair  value  will  present  the  portion  of  any  change  in  its  fair  value  due  to  changes  in  the  entity’s  own  credit  risk  in  other 
comprehensive income, rather than within profit or loss. The new standard also requires a single impairment method to be 
used, replacing the multiple impairment methods in IAS 39. The final version of IFRS 9 was issued in July 2014 and includes 
(i) a third measurement category for financial assets – fair value through other comprehensive income; (ii) a single, forward-
looking “expected loss” impairment model, and (iii) a mandatory effective date for IFRS 9 of annual periods beginning on or 
after  January  1,  2018.    Earlier  adoption  is  permitted.  The  Company  has  made  progress  in  its  implementation  of  IFRS  9, 
however, has not yet determined the extent of the impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements. The 
Company expects to report more detailed information, including estimated quantitative financial impacts, if material, in its 
2017 consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers 

IFRS  15  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (“IFRS  15”)  proposes  to  replace  IAS  18  Revenue,  IAS  11  Construction 
Contracts, and some revenue-related interpretations. The standard contains a single model that applies to contracts with 
customers and two approaches to recognizing revenue: at a point in time or over time. The model features a contract-based 
five-step analysis of transactions to determine whether, how much, and when revenue is recognized. New estimates and 
judgmental thresholds have been introduced, which may affect the amount and/or timing of revenue recognized. IFRS 15 is 
effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Earlier adoption is permitted.  The Company has not yet 
determined the extent of the impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements. The Company expects to 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

report  more detailed information, including estimated quantitative financial impacts, if  material, in its  2017  consolidated 
financial statements. 

IFRS 16, Leases 

In January 2016, the IASB issued the IFRS 16, Leases (“IFRS 16”) which replaces the existing lease accounting guidance.  IFRS 
16 requires all leases to be reported on the balance sheet unless certain criteria for exclusion are met.  IFRS 16 is effective for 
the year ended December 31, 2019 with early adoption permitted if IFRS 15 is also adopted at the same time.  The Company 
is currently in the process of assessing the impact that the new and amended standards will have on its consolidated financial 
statements. 

IFRIC 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration 

On December 8, 2016, the IASB issued IFRIC Interpretation 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration. 
The Interpretation clarifies which date should be used for translation when a foreign currency transaction involves an 
advance payment or receipt. The Interpretation is applicable for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. 
Earlier application is permitted. The Company intends to adopt the Interpretation in its financial statements for the annual 
period beginning on January 1, 2018. The Company does not expect the Interpretation to have a material impact on the 
financial statements. 

6.  

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS 

a)  Acquisition of Newmarket Gold Inc. 

The  acquisition  of  Newmarket  was  completed  on  November  30,  2016  (the  “closing  date”).  Pursuant  to  the  Plan  of 
Arrangement,  Old  Kirkland  Lake  shareholders  received  2.1053  Newmarket  shares  for  each  Old  Kirkland  Lake  share 
outstanding at the closing date. Concurrent with the closing, the Company undertook a 0.475 for 1 share consolidation with 
former shareholders of Newmarket receiving 0.475 of a post-consolidated Company share for every one pre-consolidated 
share of Newmarket in order to set the post combination share capital in line with Old Kirkland Lake share capital. 

On closing of the Arrangement, the Company had 202,289,193 post-consolidation common shares issued and outstanding 
with approximately 58% of the common shares being held by former shareholders of Old Kirkland Lake and approximately 
42% by former shareholders of Newmarket. In addition, the Company assumed all outstanding stock options, performance 
share units and phantom share units of Newmarket.   

The Company has determined that the acquisition of Newmarket was a  business combination in accordance with IFRS 3, 
Business Combinations, and as such has accounted for it in accordance with this standard using the acquisition method with 
Old Kirkland Lake as the acquirer. Although the previous Newmarket legal entity remains the top public entity in the corporate 
structure,  Old  Kirkland  Lake  was  determined  to  be  the  acquirer,  through  completion  of  a  reverse  acquisition,  as  its 
shareholders retain majority control post-Arrangement, the composition of the Board reflects a majority of pre-Arrangement 
Old Kirkland Lake Board members, and Old Kirkland Lake has retained key management functions of the combined business. 
The acquisition of Newmarket expands and diversifies the Company’s production profile through the addition of producing 
mines in Australia. The Company incurred transaction costs of $15,465 related to the Arrangement, expensed in accordance 
with IFRS 3, Business Combinations. The Company also incurred $162 of share issue costs which were netted against share 
capital. 

In the accounting for the reverse acquisition, the consideration is determined by reference to the fair value of the number of 
shares the legal subsidiary, being Old Kirkland Lake, would have issued to the legal parent  entity, being the Company, to 
obtain  the  same  ownership  interest  in  the  combined  entity.  As  a  result,  the  consideration  is  measured  at  the  value  of 
84,784,000 shares on a post-consolidation basis that would have been issued by Old Kirkland Lake. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

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ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration paid and the preliminary estimates of the fair  values of 
identified  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  from  Newmarket.    Final  valuations  of  assets  and  liabilities  are  not  yet 
complete  due  to  the  timing of  the  acquisition  and  the  inherent  complexity  associated  with  the  valuations. The  Company 
expects to finalize the determination of the fair  values of the assets and liabilities acquired and deferred taxes within 12 
months of the acquisition date, which could result in material differences from the preliminary values presented in these 
financial statements.  

These consolidated financial statements include revenue of $33,931 and earnings from mine operations of $3,186 related to 
Newmarket mine operations, from the close of the Arrangement to December 31, 2016.  

b)  Acquisition of St. Andrew Goldfields  

On January 26, 2016, Old Kirkland Lake completed the acquisition of St Andrew, a previously TSX listed company, and acquired 
all of the issued and outstanding common shares of St Andrew pursuant to a plan of arrangement (the “Acquisition”).  

Pursuant to the Acquisition, Old Kirkland Lake acquired all outstanding St Andrew common shares in exchange for 0.0906 of 
one common share of the Old Kirkland Lake (the “Exchange Ratio”) and issued 33,367,488 post consolidation common shares. 
In addition, St. Andrew stock options were replaced with Old Kirkland Lake stock options at the transaction Exchange Ratio. 
Upon completion of the Acquisition, St Andrew shareholders held, in aggregate, a 29% interest in Old Kirkland Lake.  

The Company determined that the acquisition of St Andrew was a business combination in accordance with IFRS 3, Business 
Combinations,  and  as  such  has  accounted  for  it  in  accordance  with  this  standard  using  the  acquisition  method  with  Old 
Kirkland Lake as the acquirer.  St Andrew is currently a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The business combination 
expands  and  diversifies  the  Company’s  production  profile  through  the  addition  of  the St.  Andrew  properties  in  northern 
Ontario. $2,281 of transaction costs incurred in relation to the acquisition of St Andrew are expensed in accordance with IFRS 
3, Business Combination.  

For the year ended December 31, 2016 revenue of $159,237 and earnings from mine operations of $51,032 related to the 
newly acquired St Andrew mine properties has been included in these consolidated financial statements.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

85 

Purchase PriceCommon shares issued $478,040Options and performance share units assumed 24,062                                                    $502,102Net Assets AcquiredAssetsCash and cash equivalents$68,286Current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents41,542                                                    Mining interests and plant and equipment549,575                                                  Restricted cash19,369                                                    Available for sale investments5,425                                                     LiabilitiesAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$29,379Environmental rehabilitation and other provisions42,560                                                    Finance lease obligations5,074                                                     Deferred income tax liabilities105,082                                                  $502,102 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The  following  table  summarizes  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  to  St  Andrew  shareholders  and  the  final 
estimates of the fair values of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company used a discounted cash flow 
model to estimate the expected future cash flows of the properties. Expected future cash flows are based on estimates of 
future production and commodity prices, operating costs and forecast capital expenditures based on the life of mine as at 
the acquisition date.  

c)  Pro forma effect of business combinations 

Had the acquisitions of Newmarket and St Andrew taken place on January 1, 2016, the total pro forma  consolidated 
revenue and earnings from mine operations for the Company would have been $677,712 and $225,646, respectively, an 
increase of $271,048 and $92,004, for the year ended December 31, 2016. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

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KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

86 

Purchase PriceCommon shares issued $112,706Stock options assumed on acquisition2,069                                                     $114,775Net Assets AcquiredAssetsCash and cash equivalents$7,781Current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents18,571                                                    Mining interests44,007                                                    Plant and equipment50,245                                                    Restricted cash8,103                                                     Other long term assets154                                                        Deferred tax assets15,210                                                    LiabilitiesAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$12,021Environmental rehabilitation provision6,742                                                     Finance lease and other obligations4,746                                                     Deferred income tax liabilities5,787                                                     $114,775 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

8.  PRODUCTION COSTS 

9.  GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE 

General and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 and eight months period ended December 
31, 2015 include the following: 

Severance payments represent  termination and severance payments regarding certain executive changes as a  result  of a 
restructuring undertaken by the Company in 2016.  

10. CARE AND MAINTENANCE EXPENSES 

Care and maintenance includes expenses incurred on the Company’s Stawell mine in Australia (in care and maintenance since 
December 13, 2016) and the Hislop mine acquired with St Andrew (in care and maintenance as at January 26, 2016, the date 
of acquisition and on temporary suspension since September 30, 2016). Care and maintenance for the year ended December 
31, 2016 is as follows ($Nil in stub year 2015, since both mines acquired in 2016): 

11.  OTHER INCOME (LOSS) 

Unrealized  and  realized  foreign  exchange  gain  (loss),  net  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  includes  $Nil  of 
unrealized and realized loss (stub year 2015  - $1,228) from foreign exchange forward contracts; the contracts were 
fully settled in 2015 and no new contracts entered in 2016.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

87 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Operating costs$198,026$64,473Share based payment expense note 24(b(ii))343                                             257                                                        Production costs$198,369$64,730Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015General and administrative costs$9,137$3,923Severance payments1,624                                                   -                                                              Share based payment expense note 24(b(ii))1,230                                                   751                                                             General and Administrative$11,991$4,674Year ended December 31, 2016Stawell mine$3,976Hislop mine80                                                                                                          Total Care and Maintenance Expenses$4,056Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Loss on disposal of non core mining interests and plant and equipment note 18($1,007)($228)Amortisation of deferred premium on flow through shares note 24(a)911                                             156                                                       Unrealized and realized foreign exchange gain (loss), net429                                             (1,210)                                                   Other loss, net(185)                                           -                                                       Other income (loss)$148($1,282) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

12. FINANCE ITEMS 

Finance income and expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 and eight months ended December 31. 2015 includes 
the following: 

13. INCOME TAXES  

a)  Provision for income taxes 

A reconciliation of income tax expense and the product of accounting income before income tax multiplied by the combined 
Canadian federal and provincial statutory income tax rate is as follows: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

88 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Interest income on bank deposits$843$727Finance income$843$727Convertible debentures note 22($10,346)($6,956)Interest on capital leases and other loans (603)                                                 (360)                                                         Finance fees and bank charges(412)                                                 (118)                                                         Unwinding of discount on rehabilitation provision note 23(377)                                                 (66)                                                           Finance expense($11,738)($7,500)Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Net earnings before taxes$73,263$12,802Computed income tax expense at Canadian statutory rates (25%)$18,316$3,201Statutory permanent differences3,697                                              331                                                        Foreign tax rate differential(491)                                                -                                                         Current and deferred Ontario Mining Tax8,442                                              3,114                                                     Tax benefit not recognized570                                                 -                                                         Renouncement of flow through expenditures1,229                                              762                                                        Revision in estimates282                                                 (337)                                                       Other(888)                                                -                                                         Income tax expense$31,1567,071                                                     Current income tax expense2,800                                              228                                                        Deferred tax expense$28,356$6,843 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

b)  Deferred income tax balances 

The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 
2015 are as follows: 

Movements in net deferred tax liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year ended December 31, 2015 are 
as follows: 

At December 31, 2016, deferred tax liabilities have not been recognized in respect of the aggregate amount of $83 million 
(December  31,  2015  -  $Nil)  of  taxable  temporary  differences  associated  with  investments  in  subsidiaries.  The  Company 
controls the timing and circumstances of the reversal of these differences, and the differences are not anticipated to reverse 
in the foreseeable future. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

89 

As at December 31, 20162015Deferred income tax assets:Mining interests and plant and equipment($19,714)$-Environmental rehabilitation provision                                                         1,806 -                                                     Financing costs                                                            364 -                                                     Ontario Mining Tax                                                         1,911 -                                                     Loss carry forwards                                                       22,179 -                                                     Inventory                                                              40 -                                                     Other                                                             (51)-                                                     $6,535$-As at December 31, 20162015Deferred income tax liabilities:Mining interests and plant and equipment($127,284)($7,385)Environmental rehabilitation provision5,054                                            1,189                                                  Financing costs315                                              372                                                     Ontario Mining Tax(15,751)                                         (3,209)                                                 Discount of convertible debentures(943)                                             (1,653)                                                 Loss carry forwards3,043                                            -                                                     Inventory(3,788)                                          -                                                     Other739                                              (344)                                                    ($138,614)($11,030)Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Opening balance($11,030)($5,267)Recognised in purchase price(95,670)                                         -                                                       Recognised in profit and loss(28,356)                                         (6,843)                                                   Foreign currency translation2,977                                            1,080                                                    Net deferred income tax (liabilities($132,079)($11,030) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Deferred tax assets have not been recognized in respect of the following temporary differences because it is not probable 
that future taxable profit will be available against which the Company can use the benefits. 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had the following Canadian and Australian income tax attributes to carry forward: 

14. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE 

The fair value of receivables approximates their carrying value. None of the amounts included in receivables at December 31, 
2016 are past due. 

Trade receivables represent value of gold doré sold as at year end for which the money is not yet received; gold sales are 
generally settled within 1-2 weeks after delivery to the refinery, as such there are no doubtful accounts. In determining the 
recoverability of other receivables, the Company considers any change in the credit quality of the counter party, with the 
concentration of the credit risk limited due to the nature of the counterparties involved. 

Accounts receivable at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are denominated in Canadian and Australian dollars (being the functional 
currency of the Company’s Canadian and Australian operations, respectively), as follows: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

90 

As at December 31, 20162015Investments$308$0Canadian capital loss carryforwards-                                               769                                                     Investment tax credits12,187                                          12,131                                                Mining interests10,712                                          -                                                     Australian non-capital loss carryforwards112,779                                        -                                                     Provision for reclamation provision and acrued liabilities21,440                                          -                                                     Australian royalty tax249,577                                        -                                                     Year ended December 31, 2016Expiry DateCanadaNon capital losses$8,6282034-2036Tax basis of mining interests$152,834IndefiniteTax basis of plant and equipment$188,643IndefiniteInvestment tax credits$12,1872017-2030Financing costs$1,8262017-2020AustraliaNon capital losses $188,890IndefiniteTax basis of mining interests$33,054IndefiniteTax basis of plant and equipment$88,511IndefiniteAs at December 31,20162015Trade receivables$874$5,138Sales tax and other statutory receivables5,765                                              556                                                     Other receivables842                                                 147                                                     $7,481$5,841 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

15. INVENTORIES 

The cost of gold inventories and ore stockpiled (“metal inventory”) recognized as an expense in 2016 and stub year 2015 is 
$198,026 and $64,473, respectively (note 8). There were no write downs or reversals  of write downs of inventory to net 
realizable value during the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year 2015.  

Metal inventory at December 31, 2016 includes a $2,353 fair value adjustment for the acquired Newmarket metal inventory 
(note 6(a)). $6,479 of the fair value adjustment at date of acquisition (November 30, 2016) has been recognized as an expense 
for December 2016.  

16. OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS 

AVAILABLE FOR SALE INVESTMENTS  

Movements for the available for sale investments for the year ended December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

Available for sale investments at December 31, 2016 include $4,199 fair value of the Company’s investment in JDS Silver Inc. 
(“JDS”), a private company incorporated in British Columbia and $1,686, being the fair value of the Company’s investment in 
several public companies; the Company has a 6% interest on JDS and interest varying between 0.1% and 10% on the various 
public companies. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

91 

As at December 31,20162015Canadian dollars$5,521$5,841Australian dollars1,960                                              -                                                     $7,481$5,841As at December 31,20162015Gold doré$1,265$145Gold in circuit16,010                                              4,211                                                     Ore stockpiles5,581                                                388                                                        Supplies and consumables18,070                                              5,226                                                     $40,926$9,970As at December 31,20162015Available for sale investments$5,885$-Due from royalty holder-                                               2,449                                                     Other302                                               533                                                        $6,187$2,982Balance at begining of year$-Acquired as part of Newmarket acquisition note 6(a)5,425                                  Acquired as part of St Andrew acquisition note 6(b)154                                    Unrealized gain340                                    Foreign currency translation(34)                                     Available for sale investments, end of year$5,885Year ended December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

During 2016, the Company recorded a $340 after tax unrealized gain in other comprehensive income representing the change 
in the market value of its available for sale investments during the year.  

DUE FROM ROYALTY HOLDER  

In 2015, upon completion of a sales tax audit by the Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”), the Company received a reassessment 
which  determined  that  certain  royalty  payments  received  by  the  Company  in  2013  were  subject  to  HST.  The  Company 
disputed the CRA assessment and filed a Notice of Objection in early 2015. At the same time the Company paid to the CRA a 
total of C$7,348 in 2015 (HST for C$6,778 and C$440 for interest and penalties), pending the outcome of the dispute.  

The Company recovered from the royalty holder half of the disputed HST amount paid to the CRA (C$3,674) and agreed to 
recover the remaining half once the dispute with the CRA was resolved. The balance of $2,449 (C$3,674) was recorded as a 
receivable  from  the  royalty  holder  at  December  31,  2015.  No  receivable  was  recorded  for  the  amount  paid  to  CRA  for 
penalties and interest since the outcome of the Notice of Objection was unknown.   

The Company was successful in its appeal and in December 2016 received a refund of $5,400 (C$7,348) from CRA, which 
included the paid HST as well as the amount paid for penalties and interest, the latter recorded in other income in 2016. The 
Company refunded to the royalty holder the amount received in 2015. 

17. RESTRICTED CASH 

Movements on the restricted cash balances for the year ended December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

Cash collateral related to rehabilitation performance guarantees includes $18,885 (A$26,135) for performance guarantees 
provided by the Company to the State of Victoria and Northern Territory governments relating to the future reclamation and 
rehabilitation of the Company’s mine sites and exploration tenements in Australia. The remaining balance of $134 (C$180) 
represents  letters  of  credit  with  the  Ministry  of  Northern  Development  and  Mines  ("MNDM")  in  Canada  for  future 
reclamation and rehabilitation of the Company’s sites in Canada.  The guarantees and letters of credit are secured by cash 
deposits and are restricted and not available for current operations. 

On January 26, 2016 (date of acquisition), St Andrew held $8,103 (C$11,394) in restricted cash. During 2016 the Company 
completed a surety bond arrangement with Liberty Mutual Insurance Company (the “Issuer”) for $7,570 (C$10,240), whereby 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

92 

As at December 31,2016Cash collateral relating to rehabilitation performance guarantees$19,019Other restricted cash1,023                                         $20,042Balance at begining of year$-Acquired as part of Newmarket arrangement note 6(a)19,369                                Acquired as part of St Andrew acquisition note 6(b)8,103                                  Replaced with surety bonds(7,846)                                New letters of credits issued229                                    Foreign currency translation187                                    Restricted cash,  end of year20,042                                Year ended December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

the Company replaced the letters of credit with MNDM with unsecured surety bonds; the same amount was transferred from 
restricted cash to cash and cash equivalents. The Company has agreed to indemnify the Issuer in the event that the Issuer is 
called upon to satisfy any portion of the Closure Plans by way of a drawdown of the surety bonds as directed by the MNDM. 

The restricted cash outstanding as at December 31, 2016 includes $950 (C$1,275) for letters of credit with the Independent 
Electricity System Operator of Ontario  (“IESO”), the Company’s power provider  for its  operations in Ontario,  which  were 
issued under an agreement between the Company and the IESO. These funds are restricted and not available for current 
operations. 

18. MINING INTERESTS AND PLANT AND EQUIPMENT  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

93 

Year ended December 31, 2016DepletableNon depletableTotal Mining InterestPlant and equipmentTotalCostAt January 1, 2016$198,162$41,530$239,692$121,325 $361,017Additions, including transfer from construction in progress58,007              216                   58,223               27,587               85,810                   Construction in progress, net of transfers to plant and equipment-                        -                       -                         3,748                 3,748                     Buyback of royalty 30,669              -                       30,669               -                        30,669                   Acquisition of St Andrew Goldfields note 6(b)44,007              -                       44,007               50,245               94,252                   Acquisition of Newmarket Gold note 6(a)352,359            95,076              447,435             102,140             549,575                 Change in environmental closure assets (estimate and discount rate) 10,366              44                     10,410               -                        10,410                   Disposals(130)                  -                       (130)                   (9,523)               (9,653)                    Foreign currency translation(1,010)               (1,032)              (2,042)                3,403                 1,361                     Cost at December 31, 2016$692,430$135,834$828,264$298,925$1,127,189Accumulated depreciation and depletionAt January 1, 2016$58,054$-$58,054$41,866$99,920Depreciation -                        -                       -                         20,287               20,287                   Depletion36,079              -                       36,079               -                        36,079                   Disposals(130)                  -                       (130)                   (7,597)               (7,727)                    Foreign currency translation1,406                -                       1,406                 1,179                 2,585                     Accumulated depreciation and depletion at December 31, 2016$95,410$ -$95,410$55,735$151,145Carrying value at December 31, 2016$597,020$135,834$732,854$243,190$976,044 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

MINING INTERESTS 

Depletable mining interests at December 31, 2016 and 2015 includes carrying value of the assets for the producing mines in 
Canada for $257,510 and $140,107, respectively (Macassa Mine and Holt Complex and related mills, with the Holt complex 
acquired in January 26, 2016) and Australia  for $339,512  (Fosterville and Cosmo mines and respective  mills, acquired on 
November 30, 2016), with the remainder of the change from the date of acquisition being due to foreign exchange impact.  

Non-depletable mining interests at December 31, 2016 and 2015 includes $43,026 and $41,530, respectively for the carrying 
value  of  previously  acquired  interest  in  exploration  properties  around  the  Company’s Macassa  Mine  in  Canada,  with  the 
change  in  value  related  primarily  to  impact  of  foreign  exchange;  and  $92,807  for  the  carrying  value  of  various  acquired 
exploration  properties  in  Australia,  with  the  remainder  of  the  change  from  the  date  of  acquisition  being  due  to  foreign 
exchange impact.  

On  November  3,  2016,  the  Company  acquired  1%  of  the  2.5%  net  smelter  return  royalty  on  the  Macassa  property  from 
Franco-Nevada Canada Holdings Corp. ("FNV") for a cash payment of $30,669. 

PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Plant and equipment at December 31, 2016, includes $3,748 of construction in progress (December 31, 2015 - $5,431). Plant 
and equipment also includes costs of $47,635 (2015  - $19,892) and accumulated depreciation of $10,682 (2015  - $4,790) 
related to capital equipment and vehicles under finance leases (note 20). 

During 2016 the Company disposed of certain old equipment  and recognized  a  loss of $1,926 (stub year 2015  – loss of 
$229); the Company also sold a non-core exploration property for $776 and recognized a gain for the same amount. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

94 

Eight months ended December 31, 2015DepletableNon depletableTotalPlant and equipmentTotalCostAt May 1, 2015$204,473$47,225$251,698$133,474$385,172Additions, including transfer from construction in progress20,398              201                 20,599                                   4,116 24,715                   Change in environmental closure assets (estimate and discount rate) (436)                  -                     (436)                   1,412                   976                        Disposals-                        -                     -                         (874)                     (874)                       Foreign currency translation(26,274)             (5,895)            (32,169)              (16,804)                (48,973)                  Cost at December 31, 2015$198,162$41,530$239,692$121,325$361,017Accumulated depreciation and depletionAt May 1, 2015$54,475$-$54,475$40,951$95,426Depreciation -                        -                     -                                             7,295 7,295                     Depletion11,051              -                     11,051               -                           11,051                   Disposals-                        -                     -                                              (644)(646)                       Foreign currency translation(7,471)               -                     (7,471)                (5,735)                  (13,206)                  Accumulated depreciation and depletion at December 31, 2015$58,054$0$58,054$41,866$99,920Carrying value at December 31, 2015$140,107$41,530$181,637$79,458$261,097 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

19.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES 

Accounts payable are non-interest bearing and are generally due within 30 days or payable on demand. The Company has 
cash management processes in place to ensure all payables are paid within their credit terms.  

The fair value of accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying amount. Trade payables relate mainly to 
the acquisition of materials, supplies and contractor services. These payables do not accrue interest and no guarantees have 
been granted.  

Trade payables and accrued liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are denominated in the following currencies: 

20.  FINANCE LEASES  

Finance  leases  and  other  loans  at  December  31,  2016  and  2015  include  the  obligations  of  the  Company  under  various 
equipment and vehicle finance leases; the finance leases expire between January 31, 2017 and February 28, 2021 and bear 
interest between 3.07% and 9.73%. The Company has the option to purchase the equipment and vehicles leased at the end 
of the terms of the leases, for a nominal amount. The Company’s obligations under finance leases are secured by the lessor’s 
title to the leased assets. The fair value of the finance lease liabilities approximates their carrying amount.  

The following schedule outlines the total minimum loan payments due for the finance lease obligations over their remaining 
terms as at December 31, 2016 and 2015: 

OPERATING LINE OF CREDIT AND LEASE FACILITIES 

The Company has a credit facility for a maximum of C$42,680 comprised of a revolving operating loan facility (C$20,000) and 
equipment lease facilities (for C$15,680). Amounts outstanding under the operating line are secured by various assets of the 
Company, including cash, accounts receivable and inventory; the amounts financed under the lease facilities are secured with 
the  equipment  under  the  respective  lease  facilities.  The  credit  facility  contains  certain  financial  covenants,  which  the 
Company was in compliance with at December 31, 2016. The Company also had a USD revolving credit facility of up  to a 
maximum of $10,000, which was cancelled on April 26, 2016.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

95 

As at December 31,20162015Trade payable and acrued liabilities$57,897$8,242Payroll and governement remitances14,179                                          11,203                                              $72,076$19,445As at December 31,20162015Canadian$42,517$19,445Australian26,970                                          -                                                   USD2,589                                           -                                                   $72,076$19,445Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Not later than one year$13,531$4,587Later than one year and not later than five years15,947                                                 6,239                                                  Less: Future finance charges(1,444)                                                 (592)                                                    Present value of minimum lease payments$28,034$10,234Less: Current portion(12,877)                                               (4,254)                                                 Non-current portion$15,157$5,980 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

No amount was drawn under the revolving operating facility as at December 31, 2016 and 2015; the Company pays a standby 
rate of 1.5% on any undrawn amount. 

Subsequent to year end, on February 15, 2017, the Company amended the credit facility which included the cancellation of 
the C$20,000 revolving operating loan facility and increasing the lease facilities to C$27,400. 

At December 31, 2016, C$10,834 were drawn under the lease  facilities (December 31,  2015  -  C$9,300).  Amounts drawn 
under  the  equipment  lease  facilities  are  subject  to  separate  lease  agreements  with  a  maximum  term  of  60  months  and 
interest  rates  which  are  variable  depending  on  when  the  finance  leases  are  entered  into;  all  obligations  under  these 
agreements are included in finance lease liability at December 31, 2016 and 2015.   

21.  SHARE BASED LIABILITIES 

Pursuant to the terms of the Arrangement Agreement entered into between Old Kirkland Lake and Newmarket (note 6 (a)), 
the  Newmarket  executive  based  compensation  plan  (the  “Company’s  Plan”)  superseded  the  Old  Kirkland  Lake  existing 
compensation plans, however, awards outstanding under the Old Kirkland Lake Incentive Plan (the “Old Kirkland Plan”) prior 
to November 30, 2016, continue to be governed by the terms of the Old Kirkland Plan.  

The  Company’s  Plan  provides  for  the  issuance  of  options  or  units  respectively  to  employees,  directors,  or  officers  of  the 
Company  or  any  of  its  subsidiaries  or  affiliates,  consultants,  and  management  employees.  The  aggregate  number  of  the 
Company’s shares available at all times for issuance under the Company’s Plan or any other security based compensation 
arrangement  (pre-existing  or  otherwise)  shall  not  exceed  9,500,000  of  the  Company’s  shares.    On  completion  of  the 
Arrangement with Old Kirkland Lake all previously granted Newmarket stock options and Newmarket share units became 
fully vested. 

The Board of Directors has the power to determine terms of any options and units granted under the Company’s incentive 
plans, including setting exercise prices, vesting terms and expiry dates. 

Pursuant to the Old Kirkland Lake Plan, the Company may grant deferred shared units (“DSUs”) to its non-executive directors. 
Each DSUs issued entitle the holder upon retirement to a cash payment equal to the market value of one common share of 
the Company.  

As a result of the Arrangement with Newmarket the Company assumed phantom stock units previously granted to certain 
Australian employees, all of which vested at the date of transaction. Each of the phantom units entitles the holder to a cash 
payment on exercise based on the market value of the Company’s shares on the date of exercise less the strike price of the 
phantom share unit. 

DSUs are recorded at the fair market value at the date of grant and marked to market at each period end. Phantom share 
units are recorded at their fair market value on the date of grant based on the quoted market price of the Company’s shares 
and are revalued at each reporting date based on the difference between the quoted market price of the Company’s shares 
at the end of the period and the grant date strike price. The fair value is recognized as a share based payment expense in the 
consolidated statement of operations with a corresponding entry in share based liabilities.  

Changes in the number of DSUs and phantom units outstanding during the year ending December 31, 2016 are as follows (no 
DSUs issued in stub year 2015): 

Changes on the share based liabilities during the year ending December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

96 

DSUsPhantom share unitsOpening balance-                                                           -                                                Granted70,623                                                      -                                                Assumed with the Newmarket transaction-                                                           107,287                                         Redeemed(30,267)                                                    (19,395)                                          Balance at December 31, 201640,356                                                      87,892                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

22.  CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES 

On July 19, 2012, the Company completed a C$57,500 private placement of convertible unsecured subordinated debentures 
(“6% debentures”) for net proceeds of C$54,800. The debentures bear interest at 6% per annum, payable semi-annually. The 
debentures are convertible, at the option of the holders, into 3,833,333 common shares (C$15.00 per share) until the earlier 
of  the  last  business  day  immediately  preceding  their  maturity  on  June  30,  2017  and  the  last  business  day  immediately 
preceding the date specified by the Company for redemption of such debentures. The Company may redeem the debentures 
until  their  maturity  on  June  30,  2017,  subject  to  certain  conditions,  by  providing  appropriate  notice  when  the  weighted 
average trading price of the common shares on the TSX during the 20 consecutive trading days ending five trading days prior 
to such notice is not less than 130% of the conversion price. The conversion rate may be adjusted under certain conditions 
which include a subdivision or consolidation of shares or a change in control of the Company. 

On  November  7,  2012,  the  Company  completed  a  C$69,000  private  placement  of  convertible  unsecured  subordinated 
debentures (“7.5% debentures”) for net proceeds of C$65,800. The debentures bear interest at 7.5% per annum, payable 
semi-annually.  The  Company  may  elect  to  satisfy  its  obligation  to  pay  interest  on  the  debentures  by  delivering  sufficient 
common shares to satisfy the interest obligation. The debentures are convertible, at the option of the holders, into 5,036,496 
common  shares  (C$13.70  per  share)  until  the  earlier  of  the  last  business  day  immediately  preceding  their  maturity  on 
December 31, 2017 and the last business day immediately preceding the date specified by the Company for redemption of 
such debentures. The Company may redeem the debentures from December 31, 2015 until their maturity on December 31, 
2017, subject to certain conditions, by providing 30 to 60 day notice when the weighted average trading price of the common 
shares on the TSX during the 20 consecutive trading days ending five trading days prior to such notice is not less than 130% 
of  the  conversion  price.  The  conversion  rate  may  be  adjusted  under  certain  conditions  which  include  a  subdivision  or 
consolidation of shares or a change in control of the Company. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

97 

Year ended December 31, 2016Opening liability$-Share based payment expense443                                                                        Redeemed DSUs (cash payments)(210)                                                                       Foreign currency translation(19)                                                                         Deferred share units liability$214Phantom unit liability assumed with Newmarket arrangement382                                                                        Redeemed phantom units (cash payments)(100)                                                                       Share based payment expense(52)                                                                         Foreign currency translation(8)                                                                          Total share based payment liability$436 Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Carrying amount, beginning of period$78,807 $88,627Interest payable                                                     -   2,055                                                     Repurchase of convertible debentures(466)                                                 (1,445)                                                    Interest expense and unwinding of discount10,346                                              6,956                                                     Interest payments(6,157)                                               (6,201)                                                    Foreign currency translation2,431                                                (11,182)                                                  Carrying amount, end of year$84,961$78,807Current portion 84,961                                              -                                                         Long term balance$-$78,807 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The convertible debentures are compound financial instruments, consisting of the debt instrument and the equity conversion 
feature. The debt instrument was valued at amortized cost using a rate applicable to a non-compound debt instrument. The 
excess of the proceeds over the value assigned to the debt instrument was allocated as the fair value of the equity component 
of the convertible debentures. Transaction costs were netted against the debt instrument and equity component based on 
the  pro-rata  allocation  of  the  fair  value  of  each  instrument  at  initial  recognition.  The  Company  received  net  proceeds  of 
$93,920 (C$120,625) of which $15,674 (C$20,330) was recorded as a component of shareholder’s equity. 

On April 3, 2015, the Company launched a Normal Course Issuer Bid ("NCIB") on the TSX to purchase up to C$5,750 of the 6% 
debentures, and up to C$6,900 of the 7.5% debentures. Purchases of the debentures pursuant to the NCIB could be made 
through the facilities of the TSX during the period from April 3, 2015 to April 2, 2016, or such earlier time as the Bid was 
completed or terminated at the option of the Company. The Company would pay the market price at the time of acquisition 
for any securities purchased through the facilities of the TSX. All securities purchased by the Company under the NCIB will be 
cancelled. 

The Company has repurchased a total of C$663 of the 6.0% debentures (C$591 and C$72, respectively during 2016 and stub 
year  2015)  and  C$6,952  of  the  7.5%  debentures  (C$52  and  C$1,900,  respectively  during  2016  and  stub  year  2015,  with 
C$5,000 purchased before May 1, 2015).  

As at December 31, 2016, the principal outstanding under the debentures is C$118,885 (December 31, 2015  – C$119,528). 
The fair  value of the debentures as at December 31, 2016 was C$122,761 (December 31, 2015  - C$117,264), determined 
based on the market price of the debentures at each year end.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

23.  PROVISIONS 

ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION PROVISION 

The  Company  provides  for  the  estimated  future  cost  of  rehabilitating  mine  sites  and  related  production  facilities  on  a 
discounted basis as such activity that creates the rehabilitation obligation occurs.  The rehabilitation provision represents the 
present value of estimated future rehabilitation costs. These provisions are based on the Company’s internal estimates, with 
consideration of closure plans and rehabilitation requirements established by relevant regulatory bodies.  

Movements on the environmental rehabilitation provision for the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year 2015 are as 
follows: 

During 2016 the Company informed the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines that it intends to undertake 
additional reclamation work ($10,427 or C$14,000, included in the current provision at December 31, 2016), not previously 
contemplated in the closure plan for the Macassa Mine Complex.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

99 

As at December 31,20162015Environmental rehabilitation provision$55,971$4,753Long service leave5,812                                                -                                                         Other186                                                   -                                                         Total provisions$61,969$4,753Current provisions20,975                                              -                                                         Long term balance$40,994$4,753Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Balance, beginning of period $4,753$5,856 Change in estimates10,266                                             (436)                                                       Acquired with business combinations note 641,300                                             -                                                         Site closure and reclamation costs paid(403)                                                -                                                         Unwinding of discount on rehabilitation provision377                                                 66                                                          Foreign currency translation(322)                                                                                                       (733)Balance, end of the period $55,971$4,753 Current portion 16,397                                             -                                                         Long term balance$39,574$4,753  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Assumptions used on valuing the environmental provision as at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: 

All estimates and assumptions are reviewed regularly to take into account any material changes to underlying assumptions 
and  inputs.  However,  actual  rehabilitation  costs  will  ultimately  depend  upon  future  market  prices  for  the  necessary 
decommissioning  works  required,  which  will  reflect  market  conditions  at  the  relevant  time.  Furthermore,  the  timing  of 
rehabilitation is likely to depend on when the mines cease to produce at economically viable rates. This, in turn, will depend 
upon future gold prices and costs of production, which are inherently uncertain. 

LONG SERVICE LEAVE 

Long  service  leave  is  an  Australian  employee  entitlement  which  accrues  based  on  an  employee’s  length  of  service  to  a 
company. The provision is estimated based on the total current service of the Company’s employees and the probability of 
expected future service and earnings. As at December 31, 2016, the total accrued long service leave was $5,812, of which 
$4,391 included in the current provision. 

24.  SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares without par value. 

a)  SHARE CAPITAL 

As at December 31, 2016, the Company had 203,031,934 common shares outstanding. In addition to the shares issued for 
completing the business combinations in 2016, the Company completed two flow through financings in 2016. 

On  December  23,  2016,  the  Company  closed  a  flow  through  financing  for  aggregate  gross  proceeds  of  $5,172  (C$7,000) 
consisting of the issue and sale of 691,700 flow through common shares at a price of C$10.12 per share. The net proceeds of 
$5,157 (C$6,980) were recorded as share capital $3,389 (C$4,587) and deferred premium liability of $1,768 (C$2,393); the 
deferred  premium  will  be  recognized  as  other  income  as  the  Company  incurs  Canadian  exploration  eligible  flow  through 
expenditures (“CEE”). No expenditures were incurred in 2016 in relation to the financing; the Company has until December 
31, 2017 to fulfil its obligation by incurring CEE.   

On July 13, 2016, the Company closed a flow through financing for gross proceeds of $11,568 (C$15,000), consisting of the 
issue and sale of 1,047,340 post consolidation flow through common shares at a price of C$14.32 per share.  The net proceeds 
of $11,521 (C$14,937) were recorded as share capital $9,405 (C$12,194) and deferred premium liability of $2,116 (C$2,743). 
As at December 31, 2016, $4,904 (C$6,484) of CEE was spent in relation to the financing and an amortization of the deferred 
premium of $897 was recorded as other income; the Company has until December 31, 2017 to spend the remaining C$8,456 
on CEE.   

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

100 

As at December 31, 2016Estimated Closure PeriodInflation RateRisk free rateUndiscounted estimated closure costsCanadian OperationsMacassa Mine Complex2017, 20302.00%2.14%-2.40$18,068Holt Complex2018 - 20231.69%3.89%$8,716Australian OperationsFosterville Gold Mine20212.50%2.32%$8,570Northern Territories Operations20222.50%1.96%$22,495Stawell Mine20192.50%1.96%$5,978As at December 31, 2015Estimated Closure PeriodInflation RateDiscount RateUndiscounted estimated closure costsCanadian OperationsMacassa Mine Complex20302%2.14%-2.40%$7,412 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Movements on the deferred premium liability as at December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

b)  RESERVES 

i.  SHARE BASED COMPENSATION PLANS 

The Company has the following outstanding equity based awards: 

Share options 

Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s Plan (note 21), Kirkland Lake Gold may grant stock options to eligible participants, 
which includes officers, employees and consultants of the Company. The exercise price of a stock option granted shall be not 
less than the greater of (i) the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s common shares on the TSX for the 
five trading days immediately prior to the grant date, and (ii) the closing price of the shares on the TSX on the trading day 
immediately prior to the grant date.  Pursuant to the terms of the Old Kirkland Lake Plan (note 21), stock options shall have 
a maximum term of five years and will generally be terminated 90 days after a participant ceases to be an officer, employee, 
or consultant. 

Movements in share options during the year ended December 31, 206 and stub year ended December 31, 2015 were as 
follows: 

The  weighted  average  fair  value  of  the  share  options  granted  under  the  Old  Kirkland  Lake  Plan  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2016 is C$2.43 per share (stub year ended December 31, 2015 – C$2.39). Options are priced using the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. Where relevant, the expected life used in the model has been adjusted based on management’s 
best estimate for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioral considerations. Expected volatility is 
based on the historical share price volatility the Company and the mining industry. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

101 

Balance at beining of year$-Deferred premium liability on flow throgh share issuances3,885                                  Amortisation of deferred premium liability(897)                                   Foreigh currency translation(45)                                     $2,943Year ended December 31, 2016Number ofWeighted average Number ofWeighted average optionsexercise price (C$)optionsexercise price (C$)Opening Balance3,920,800$5.854,107,800 $5.82Granted 30,0005.31                        648,000 4.91                      Assumed on St Andrew acquisition1,566,8766.86                                                 -                            -   Assumed on Newmarket acquisition4,625,1613.52                                                 -                            -   Exercised(2,173,306)3.51                        (647,500)3.02                      Expired(448,224)17.52                      (74,000)17.32                    Forfeited(7,000)6.83                        (113,500)8.11                      Stock options outstanding, end of year7,514,3074.60                        3,920,800 5.85                      Stock options exerciseable, end of year7,180,808$4.732,173,300 $7.24Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

The fair value of options granted under the Old Kirkland Lake Plan during the year ending December 31, 2016 and stub year 
ended December 31, 2015 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following 
weighted average assumptions: 

Options  assumed  with  the  business  combinations  in  2016  were  valued  at  the  date  of acquisition  using  the  Black-Scholes 
option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: 

Share Options Exercised 

The following table outlines share options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2016: 

For the stub year ended December 31, 2015 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

102 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight  months ended December 31, 2015Weighted average exercise price per shareC$5.31C$4.91Risk-free interest rate0.45%0.56%Expected volatility67%67%Expected life 3.91 years3.25 yearsExpected dividend yield0%0%Expected forfeiture rate5.45%5.42%Weighted average per share grant date fair valueC$2.43C$2.26Assumed on theSt Andrew AcquisitionNemarket ArrangementExercise price per shareC$6.86C$3.52Risk-free interest rate0.72%0.55%Weighted average per share grant date fair valueC$1.86C$4.06Expected volatility60%40%Expected life 3.98 years0.50 yearsExpected dividend yield0%0%Expected forfeiture rate0%0%Grant priceNumber of options exercisedExercise datesWeighted average closing share price at exercise date$2.99 - $6.83              1,196,035 January 1, 2016 to March 31, 2016$8.79$2.99 - $6.83                 569,607 April 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016$10.88$2.99 - $6.83                 366,998 July 1, 2016 to September 30, 2016$11.25$3.16 - $5.81                   40,666 October 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016$9.132,173,306              $9.76Grant priceNumber of options exercisedExercise datesWeighted average closing share price at exercise date$2.99                  100,000 May 1, 2015 to July 31, 2015$5.74$2.99 - $4.97                 547,500 August 1, 2015 to October 31, 2015$5.55647,500                 $5.58 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Other equity based instruments  

Pursuant to the terms of the Incentive Plan, the Company may grant restricted shares or restricted share units (“RSUs”) as 
well as performance share units (“PSUS) to eligible participants. The value of an RSU and PSU at the grant date is equal to the 
fair market value of a common share of the Company on that date.  

Each RSU and PSU represents one common share of the Company which entitles a participant to receive a common share 
issued  from  treasury,  a  cash  payment  equal  to  the  fair  market  value  of  a  common  share  on  the  date  of  vesting,  or  a 
combination thereof, at the  discretion of the Company’s  Compensation Committee. Unless otherwise determined  by the 
Compensation Committee, no RSU or PSU shall vest later than three years after the date of grant. 

Upon vesting of the PSUs, the number of shares the holder can receive ranges between 0% and 200% of the number of the 
PSUs granted, to be determined at the end of the performance period based on the performance of the underlying Kirkland 
Lake Gold shares.  

Movements in the number of the equity based instruments for the year ended December 31, 2016 were as follows (none 
issued in the stub year ended December 31, 2015) is as follows: 

ii. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENT EXPENSE 

The cost of share based payments is allocated to production costs (options granted to employees involved in the commercial 
operations at the mines and mill), general and administrative costs (options granted to directors and corporate employees) 
and transaction costs (expense related to the vesting of certain officers of the Company terminated upon completion of the 
Newmarket arrangement).  

The allocation of share based payments on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for 
the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year ended December 31, 2015 is as follows:   

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

103 

Year ended December 31, 2016PSUsRSUsBalance at January 1, 2016-                                  -                                  Granted137,272                           157,272                           Assumed with the Newmarket acquisition1,620,857                         -                                  Cancelled(16,767)                            (26,767)                            Redeemed(33,791)                            (21,916)                            Balance at December 31, 20161,707,571                         108,589                           Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015PSU share based payment expense$162$-PSU cash payments36                                                -                                                        RSU share based payment expense205                                               -                                                        RSU cash payments70                                                -                                                        Stock options share based payment expense846                                               1,008                                                     Equity based instruments share based payment expense$1,319$1,008Cash settled instruments share based payment expense note 21$391$-Total share based payment expense$1,710$1,008 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

iii. 

BASIC AND DILUTED INCOME PER SHARE 

Basic  and  diluted  income  per  share  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and  stub  year  ended  December  31,  2015  is 
calculated as shown in the table below. The diluted income per share for the year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year 
ended December 31, 205 includes the impact of certain outstanding options, Performance share units and restricted share 
units; the impact of the outstanding convertible debentures is not included in the calculations as the impact would be anti-
dilutive. 

 Weighted average diluted number of common shares for year ended December 31, 2016 and stub year ended December 31, 
2015 is calculated as follows: 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

104 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015General and administrative$1,230$751Transaction costs137                                               -                                                        Production costs343                                               257                                                       Total share based payment expense$1,710$1,008Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Net earnings$42,107 $5,731 Weighted average basic number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)               121,172                      80,571 Basic earnings per share$0.35 $0.07 Weighted average diluted number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)               123,889                      81,181 Diluted earnings per share$0.34 $0.07 Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Weighted average basic number of common shares outstanding (in '000s)               121,172                      80,571 In the money shares - share options (in '000s)                  2,478                          610 In the money shares - RSUs (in '000s)                     239                            -   Weighted average diluted number of common shares outstanding               123,889                      81,181  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

25.  SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION  

As at December 31, 2016, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance of $234,898 (December 31, 2015 – $67,718) was 
held in full at major Canadian and Australian banks in deposit accounts.  

Supplemental information to the statements of cash flows is as follows: 

26.   OPERATING SEGMENTS  

As a result of the acquisitions of Newmarket and St.Andrew, the Company now operates multiple gold mines in Canada and 
Australia (two geographical segments), including the Macassa Mine complex and Holt Complex in Northern Ontario, Canada, 
and the Fosterville, Cosmo and Stawell gold mines in Australia.  The Company’s operating segments reflect these multiple 
mining interests and are reported in a manner consistent with internal reporting used to assess the performance of each 
segment.  

The Macassa Mine and Mill Complex was the sole operating segment for the in the stub year ended December 31, 2015.    

The information reported below as at and for the year ended December 31, 2016 is based on the information provided to the 
Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker.

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

105 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Change in non-cash working capital*Decreasein accounts receivable$1,372(2,757)                                                    Decrease (increase) in inventories9,589                                                (4,043)                                                    Increase in prepaid expenses(2,286)                                               1,448                                                     Increase in accounts payable and acrued liabilities27,844                                              4,564                                                     $36,519($788)*Exclude impact of working capital acquired with business combinations (note 6)Investing and Financing non-cash transactionsProperty, plant and equipment acquired financed through capital leases$15,864$590Other informationInterest paid $7,172$6,680 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND EIGHT MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015  
(in thousands of United States Dollars, except per share amounts) 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD LTD. 

Macassa MineHolt ComplexTotal Canadian OperationsFostervilleNorthern TerritoryStawellTotal Australian OperationsCorporate TotalRevenue$213,496$159,237$372,733$22,950$7,658$3,323$33,931$-$406,664Production costs           (91,279)           (80,129)(171,408)                    (14,637)             (6,797)             (5,527)(26,961)                              -   (198,369)               Royalty expense(5,070)             (9,999)             (15,069)           (483)                -                 (34)                 (517)                                   -   (15,586)                 Depletion and depreciation(31,345)           (18,077)           (49,422)           (8,326)             (1,217)             (96)                 (9,639)             (5)                   (59,066)                 Earnings (loss) from mine operations85,802            51,032            136,834          (496)                (356)                (2,334)             (3,186)             (5)                   133,642                 ExpensesGeneral and administrative-                 -                 -                 -                 -                 -                 -                 (11,991)           (11,991)                 Transaction costs-                 -                 -                 -                 -                 -                 -                 (17,746)           (17,746)                 Exploration and evaluation(8,621)             (5,881)             (14,502)           (346)                (969)                (22)                 (1,337)             -                 (15,839)                 Care and maintenance-                 (80)                 (80)                 -                 62                   (4,038)             (3,976)             (4,056)                   Earnings (loss) from operations 77,181            45,071            122,252          (842)                (1,263)             (6,394)             (8,499)             (29,742)           84,010                  Other (loss) income(859)                764                 (95)                 (10)                 25                   -                 15                   228                 148                       Finance itemsFinance income-                 -                 -                 -                 -                 843                 843                       Finance costs(200)                (123)                (323)                (15)                 (32)                 (110)                (157)                (11,258)           (11,738)                 Net earnings (loss) before taxes76,122            45,713            121,835          (867)                (1,270)             (6,504)             (8,641)             (39,929)           73,263                  Current income tax expense(194)                (2,662)             (2,856)             56                   -                 -                 56                   -                 (2,800)                   Deferred tax recovery (expense)(18,947)           (12,009)           (30,956)           602                 -                 1,877              2,479              121                 (28,356)                 Net earnings (loss)$56,981$31,042$88,023($209)($1,270)($4,627)($6,106)($39,808)$42,107Expenditures on: Mining interest$33,551$21,590$55,141$2,862$178$42$3,082$-$58,223Property, plant and equipment7,616              6,646              14,262            539                 472                 198                 1,209              -                 15,471                  Total capital expenditures$41,167$28,236$69,403$3,401$650$240$4,291$-$73,694Total assets437,291          $200,580$637,87180,618            $67,708$11,709$160,035$500,767$1,298,694Total liabilities177,360          $39,943$217,303$23,602$27,274$11,372$62,248$113,229$392,780As at and for the year ended December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

TSX-KL 

27.    FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS  

MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL RISK  

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it to  effectively support the acquisition, operations, 
exploration  and  development  of  mineral  properties.  In  the  definition  of  capital,  the  Company  includes,  as  disclosed  on  its 
consolidated  statement  of  financial  position:  share  capital,  equity  portion  of  convertible  debentures,  deficit,  reserves  and 
convertible debentures. 

The Company’s capital at December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 

The  Company  believes  it  has  sufficient  funds  to  finance  its  current  operating,  development  and  exploration  expenditures. 
Longer  term,  the  Company  may  pursue  opportunities  to  raise  additional  capital  through  equity  and/or  debt  markets  as  it 
progresses with its projects and properties. The Company will continue to assess new properties and seek to acquire an interest 
in additional properties if it feels there is sufficient geologic or economic potential and if it has adequate financial resources to 
do so.  

Management reviews its capital management approach on an ongoing basis and believes that its approach, given the relative 
size of the Company, is reasonable.  

Neither the Company nor its subsidiaries are subject to any other externally imposed capital requirements.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

107 

20162015Share capital$900,389 $288,556 Equity portion of convertible debentures 15,674 15,674 Reserves(21,588)(47,697)Retained earnings (deficit)11,439 (30,668)Liability portion of convertible debentures note 2284,961 78,807                                 $990,875 $304,672 As at December 31, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CARRYING VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The carrying values of the financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

TSX-KL 

FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate their 
carrying values due to the short term to maturity of these financial instruments.   

The fair value hierarchy of financial instruments measured at fair valued on the consolidated statement of financial position is 
as follows: 

FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS 

The Company is exposed to financial risks sensitive to changes in commodity prices, foreign exchange and interest rates. The 
Company’s  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  establishment  and  oversight  of  the  risk  management 
framework.  Currently  the  Company  has  no  outstanding  options,  forward  or  future  contracts  to  manage  its  price-related 
exposures.  

The Company's risk exposures and the impact on the Company's financial instruments are summarized below:  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

108 

As at December 31, 20162015Financial AssetsAt fair value through profit or lossCash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718Restricted cash20,042                                              -                                                         $254,940$67,718Loans and receivables, measured at amortized costAccounts receivable$7,481$5,841Available for sale, measured at fair valueInvestment in public and private companies note 16$5,885$-Financial LiabilitiesOther financial liabilities, measured at fair valueShared based liabilities note 21$436$-Other financial liabilities, measured at amortized costAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$72,076$19,445Convertible unsecured debentures$84,961$78,807As at December 31,20162015Level 1 Cash and cash equivalents$234,898$67,718Restricted cash$20,042-                                                         Available for sale investments - publicly traded note 16$1,686-                                                         Level 2Share based liabilities note 21$436$-Level 3Available for sale investments - privately held note 16$4,199$- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

TSX-KL 

Credit risk 

The Company's credit risk is primarily attributable to trade and other amounts receivable, which consist primarily of goods and 
services tax due from the Federal Governments of Australia and Canada. Consequently, credit risk is considered low and no 
allowance for doubtful debts has been recorded at the date of the statement of financial position. At December 31, 2016, there 
were no significant trade receivables and the Company has no significant concentration of credit risk arising from operations.  

The Company’s cash and restricted cash are held with established Canadian and Australian financial institutions from which 
management believes the risk of loss to be remote. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided 
on such deposits.   

Liquidity risk 

The Company monitors the expected settlement of financial assets and liabilities on an ongoing basis; there are no significant 
payables or obligations that are outstanding past their due dates. As at December 31, 2016, the Company had a net working 
capital of $92,308, including cash and cash equivalents of $234,898. 

Future financing requirements, if any, will depend on a number of factors that are difficult to predict and are often beyond the 
control of the Company. The main factor is the realized price of gold received for gold produced from the Company’s operating 
mines  and  the  operating  and  capital  costs  of  those  mines,  and  exploration  and  development  costs  associated  with  the 
Company’s growth projects. 

Market risk 

(a)  Foreign currency risk 

The Company is exposed to foreign  currency risk  as gold is priced in US dollars and the functional currency of the Ontario 
operations  is  the  Canadian  dollar  and  the  functional  currency  of  the  Australian  operations  is  the  Australian  dollar.  The 
development  and  operation  of  the  Company’s  mining  assets  will  largely  be  funded  with  Canadian  and  Australian  dollars. 
However, gold is priced on international markets in US dollars, the Company’s reporting currency. At December 31, 2016, the 
Canadian dollar was worth $0.74 US dollars (December 31, 2015 - $0.72) and the Australian dollar was worth $0.72 US dollars 
(December 31, 2015 - $0.73).   

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the average exchange rate of the Canadian dollar against the US dollar was $0.75 
(year ended December 31, 2015 – $0.78) and the average exchange rate of the Australian dollar against the US dollar was $0.74 
(year ended December 31, 2015 – $0.75). 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held in the following currencies as at December 31, 2016 and 2015: 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

TSX-KL 

The Company’s restricted cash is held in Australian and Canadian dollars.  

(b) 

Interest rate risk 

The Company’s exposure to risks of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to interest earned on its cash balances. 
The Company reviews its interest rate exposure periodically, giving consideration to potential renewals of existing positions 
and alternative financial investments. A 1% change in the short-term rates would have had an effect on interest income and 
earnings before income tax in 2016 of approximately $1,300. 

The finance lease and other obligations and convertible debentures bear interest at fixed rates.  The Company does not account 
for any fixed rate liabilities at fair value, consequently a change in the interest rates at the reporting date would not impact 
the carrying amount of financial liabilities or the statement of operations. 

28.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

The remuneration of directors and executive officers is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors. 
The directors’ fees, consulting fees and other compensation of directors and executive officers were as follows: 

Related party transactions are measured at the exchange amount which is the consideration agreed to between the parties.  

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

110 

Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Canadian$155,366$62,971Australian73,755                                              -                                                               US5,777                                                4,747                                                            $234,898$67,718Year ended December 31, 2016Eight months ended December 31, 2015Offiicer salaries and short-term benefits$1,463$728Share based payments1,799                                                429                                                           Directors fees522                                                   162                                                           Severance payments1,928                                                715                                                           $5,712$2,034 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 

Contractual obligations of the Company as at December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 

TSX-KL 

Convertible debentures obligation includes principal and interest payments.  

The Company has royalty obligations on its various mines sites as discussed below: 

- 

- 

- 

- 

A 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty to Franco-Nevada Corporation (“FNV”) on production from the Company’s 
Macassa property. The previous royalty amount of 2.5% was reduced in 2016 when the Company exercised its option 
to  buy  back  1%  of  the  Macassa  royalty  for  $30,532.    For  the  Company’s  mine  properties  in  the  State  of  Victoria, 
Australia, a 2% NSR royalty on the Fosterville Gold Mine and a 1% NSR royalty on the Stawell Gold Mine, each payable 
as applicable quarterly to AuRico Metals Inc.  The Stawell Gold Mine is further subject to a A$2 per ounce royalty 
payable on gold produced from the Stawell mining license. 

A 1% NSR on production from the Taylor mine; a sliding scale NSR linked to the gold price for the Holt and Holloway 
mines with the NSR paid for 2016 at ~10%. 

A 1% ad valorem royalty on any future gold production above 250,000 ounces derived from the Maud Creek Gold 
Project  (Australia); a  1% gross royalty and A$5 per ounce royalty are payable on any future gold production from 
certain tenements from the Maud Creek Gold Project that are located south of the main Maud Creek gold deposit. 
The Company also has a contingent contractual obligation of A$2 million that would be due upon a decision to proceed 
with development of the Maud Creek Gold Project.  

The  Fosterville  Gold  Mine  is  subject  to  a  license  fee  which  enables  it  to  use  the  patented  BIOX  process  to  treat 
refractory ore from the underground mine. The fee is paid at a rate of A$1.33 per ounce of gold produced and treated 
through the BIOX Plant and terminates when 1,500,000 ounces of gold in aggregate has been treated in the plant. As 
at December 31, 2016, approximately 1,126,840 ounces of gold had been treated in the plant. 

ANNUAL REPORT 

2016 

   | 

KIRKLAND LAKE GOLD 

111 

Total Less than a year1-3 years4-5 yearsAfter 5 yearsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$72,076$72,076$-$-$-Convertible debentures93,281                                     93,281                -                -                -                Finance lease payments29,123                                     13,117                15,876           130               -                Office rent and other obligations2,514                                      1,277                  606               631               -                Income taxes payable3,747                                      3,747                  Environmental rehabilitation provision63,828                                     14,880                -                -                48,948           Provisions - employee entitlements5,812                                      4,391                  1,421             -                -                $270,381$202,769$17,903$761$48,948As at December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
COMPANY INFORMATION

Corporate Head Off ce
200 Bay Street, Suite 3120
RBC Plaza – South Tower Toronto, 
Ontario  M5J 2J1 Canada

Registrar and Transfer Agent 
TSX Trust Company 
200 University Avenue, Suite 300 
Toronto, Ontario  M5H 4H1 
Canada 
T:  416.607.7898
www.tsxtrust.com

Auditors
KPMG LLP
333 Bay Street, Suite 4600 
Toronto, Ontario   M5H 2S5 
Canada
T:  416.777.8500
www.kpmg.ca

CORPORATE INFORMATION

DIRECTORS

Eric Sprott 
Anthony Makuch (3) (5) 
Barry P. Olson (3) (5) 
Pamela Klessig (1) (5) (3)  
Jeffrey Parr (2) (3) (4)

Raymond Threlkeld (1) (2)
Jonathan Gill (3) (4)
Arnold Klassen (1) (2) (4)

Chairman of the Board

President and Chief Executive Officer

Independent Director

Independent Director

Independent Director

Independent Director

Independent Director

Independent Director

Board Committees:
(1) Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
(2) Audit Committee
(3) Technical Committee
(4) Compensation Committee
(5) HSE & Corporate Social Responsibility Committee

OFFICERS

Anthony Makuch 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Darren Hall 

Philip Yee 

Chief Operating Officer

Executive VP and Chief Financial Officer 

Alasdair Federico 

Executive VP of Corporate Affairs & CSR 

Doug Cater 
John Landmark 

Meri Verli 

Pierre Rocque 

Jennifer Wagner 

Raymond Yip 

VP of Exploration, Canada 

VP of Exploration, Australia

Senior VP, Finance and Treasurer

VP, Technical Services

Corporate Legal Counsel

VP of Business Intelligence

TSX: KL
OTCQX: KLGDF

200 Bay Street, Suite 3120
RBC Plaza – South Tower
Toronto, Ontario  M5J 2J1
Canada

www.klgold.com