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Kromek Group plc

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FY2019 Annual Report · Kromek Group plc
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Kromek Group plc
Annual report and accounts for the 
year ended 30 April 2019

Advancing CZT manufacture to target 
significant growth opportunities in 
medical imaging and wide area nuclear 
detection applications

Medical imaging 
and nuclear 
security

$1bn+ opportunity in each 
sector over the next 10 years

Kromek’s D3S is used to 
identify nuclear threats, 
such as dirty bombs, to 
protect civilians and key 
infrastructure in cities, 
including ports, borders 
and transport hubs. 

Kromek’s CZT-based 
detectors significantly 
advance the early 
identification of disease, 
such as cancer, 
Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s 
and osteoporosis.

Contents 

1    Financial and Operational 

Highlights

2    Chairman’s Statement

4    Strategic Report: Chief 

Executive Officer’s Review

8    Strategic Report: Chief 

Financial Officer’s Review

12  Strategic Report: Review of 

Principal Risks

20  Directors’ Biographies

22  Directors’ Report

24  Corporate Governance Report

27  Audit Committee Report

29  Remuneration Committee 

Report

34  Independent Auditor’s Report

40  Consolidated income 

statement 

41  Consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income

42  Consolidated statement of 

financial position

43  Consolidated statement of 

changes in equity

44  Consolidated statement of 

cash flows

45  Notes to the consolidated 

financial statements

78  Company financial statements

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   1

Financial Highlights

Revenue
£14.5m

h23%

Adjusted 
EBITDA*

£2.0m

Cash &
Equivalents

£20.6m

Product
% of Sales
83%
h25%
value

Gross 
Margin
57.2%

2017/18: £11.8m

2017/18: £0.5m

30 Apr 18: £9.5m

2017/18: 81%

2017/18: 56.4%

*Adjusted EBITDA defined as earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation, amortisation, other income and share-based 
payments. For a reconciliation, see the Chief Financial Officer’s Review on page 9.

“Milestone year with growth driven by 
SPECT products in medical imaging 
and D3S platform in nuclear detection 
– and delivered key target of increasing 
adjusted EBITDA”  

“Successfully commenced operations from 
new high-volume manufacturing facility 
in US following relocation to purpose-
built premises in Pittsburgh to cater for 
increased demand in medical imaging”  

Operational Highlights

D3S platform is now being sold in over 
18 countries across Europe and Asia 
as well as in the US

Two-year contract by US Dept of Homeland Security 
to develop CZT detector modules for advanced X-ray 
systems for passenger baggage screening 

$1.5m 

Secured a new nuclear security OEM 
customer with a three-year contract

$1.4m 

Won a new five-year contract from existing 
OEM customer to provide customised detector 
modules for baggage screening products

$7.8m 

$58.1m 

Awarded significant contract 
by existing OEM customer for 
CZT detectors and advanced 
electronics to be used in 
state-of-the-art medical 
imaging system 

$ 0.7m 

Awarded contract for new OEM customer in 
the nuclear medicine instrumentation market 
to be delivered over 18 months

Received expansion to existing order under 
five-year security screening contract

$2.7m 

Awarded contract by DTRA for two-year 
project to develop ruggedised, small form-
factor D3S platform for military use

$1.8m 

Continued to advance towards achieving first 
full clinical validation of Kromek’s CZT-based 
SPECT detector system

Page   2

KromeK Group plc

“Major progress was made in our Medical Imaging business 
by completing the integration of our CZT detector assemblies 
into a system capable of producing clinical grade images”

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Sir Peter Williams CBE
Chairman
26 June 2019

In the year ended 30 April 2019, Kromek took a 
number of significant steps towards its long-term 
growth goals. The progress of 2017/18 was sustained 
into the 2018/19 fiscal year as we remained at the 
forefront in developing solutions to combat some of 
the greatest security and health challenges faced by 
society today.

We continued to gain traction in all of our business 
segments with the award of high-value, multi-year 
contracts from our commercial and large government 
customers worldwide. Over the last three fiscal years, 
we have won more than $80m of contracts, across 
all of our core sectors, demonstrating the strength of 
our technology base, the successful conversion of our 
growing order pipeline and the deep and long-lasting 
partnerships that we are continuing to build with our 
customers. 

This year, Kromek continued to execute on previously-
signed agreements, which in turn helped grow profit 
at the adjusted EBITDA level providing clear evidence 
of this progress. In addition, new customers, new 
contracts and repeat orders were won in all our target 
markets. These new awards, alongside customers 
increasingly moving from R&D programmes to full 

commercialisation as cadmium zinc telluride (“CZT”) 
detection technology progressively replaces legacy 
systems, demonstrates the scale of opportunity in front 
of us. 

It also provides us with greater visibility over revenue 
for the coming years and confidence in our growth 
prospects. Overall, we have achieved significant 
milestones in commercialising our technology this 
year and remain confident of furthering our strategy of 
becoming the preferred sub-systems supplier to major 
OEMs through existing and new relationships.

Arnab Basu, our Chief Executive Officer, provides a 
detailed review of our operational achievements for 
the year and the progress made in our two key growth 
areas of single photon emission computed tomography 
(“SPECT”) products in medical imaging and our D3S 
platform in nuclear detection. The superior detail in 
SPECT images means this technology will improve 
early stage diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and 
Parkinson’s, ensuring better patient outcomes. This 
is recognised by major healthcare OEMs, which are 
driving market adoption. 

 
Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   3

“We remain at the forefront in developing solutions to combat 
some of the greatest security and health challenges faced by 
society today”  

For our D3S platform, we believe that US government agencies 
(DoD and DHS) continue to represent a significant radiation 
detection opportunity for Kromek and expect to expand our 
work with them. However, the threat of a “dirty” bomb is global 
and government agencies around the world are gearing up 
to guard against it. Our D3S platform is already involved in 
deployments across Europe and Asia, and, while the potential 
of the US market remains substantial, the demand for portable 
advanced radiation detectors for nuclear safeguarding is a 
significant global market opportunity.

Strengthened Global Base – New Facilities in 
uS

Given the strategic importance of the US markets, last year 
we laid the foundations to support future growth there and 
relocated our US operations to new premises near Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania. The new purpose-built facility serves as the 
focus of our medical imaging business, providing world-class 
manufacturing of CZT-based SPECT products. The new facility 
is fully operational and has significantly increased capacity and 
efficiency of the manufacturing process.  

In the last quarter of the year, we raised £21m from new and 
existing shareholders to strengthen the balance sheet and to 
enable us to capitalise on the significant growth opportunities 
for our flagship medical imaging products and the D3S platform. 
This included investing in our manufacturing facilities in the US 
and UK to both expand future capacity and drive efficiencies. 

We continually monitor the political environment and keep 
under review the potential impact of Brexit. However, we 
are strategically well-placed to navigate whatever will be the 
outcome of the Brexit process because we operate from both 
the UK and the US, with significant manufacturing facilities 
in both locations, and sell to an international customer base 
through a combination of distributors and direct to OEMs. 

employees and partners

As we look to the future, I would also like to express gratitude 
to those who have enabled us to reach this point. In particular, 
on behalf of the Board, I would like to thank the senior 
management team and all of our staff for their efforts and 
commitment and our shareholders for their loyal on-going 
support. We also give special thanks to Dr Graeme Speirs, who 
stepped down as a Non-executive Director during the year, for 
his tremendous support and guidance over the years, and we 
wish him all the best for the future.

Kromek has the market opportunities, the technology and 
the products to excel, and so, with the strengthening of our 
foundations and with sustained long-term growth drivers, we 
look forward to delivering significant shareholder value in the 
years to come.

“Over the last three fiscal years, we have won more than $80m of 
contracts, across all of our core sectors, demonstrating the strength of our 
technology base, the successful conversion of our growing order pipeline 
and the deep and long-lasting partnerships that we are continuing to build 
with our customers”  

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Page   4

KromeK Group plc

Strategic Report

“This was a milestone year for Kromek...we increased our 
revenue by 23% to £14.5m...adjusted EBITDA to £2.0m...and, 
successfully delivered our largest second half revenue in the 
Group’s history” 

Dr Arnab Basu MBE
Chief Executive Officer 
26 June 2019

This was a milestone year for Kromek as we delivered 
on all of our objectives, including our key target 
of growing adjusted EBITDA. For the full year, we 
increased our revenue by 23% to £14.5m (2017/18: 
£11.8m) and adjusted EBITDA fourfold to £2.0m 
(2017/18: £0.5m). In particular, we successfully 
delivered our largest second half revenue in the 
Group’s history, which was in excess of £10m. This 
progress was based on Kromek continuing to execute 
on previously-signed agreements as well as winning 
new customers, new contracts and repeat orders 
across our target markets, with growth driven by 
increasing adoption of our next-generation molecular 
imaging single photon emission computed tomography 
(“SPECT”) products in medical imaging and our D3S 
family of products in nuclear detection. It also reflects 
the increasing commercialisation of our technology, 
with product sales accounting for 83% of total revenue 
(2017/18: 81%), representing growth in value of 25%. 
We were also awarded one of our most significant 
contracts to date, expected to be worth a minimum of 
$58.1m over a seven-year period, to provide cadmium 
zinc telluride (“CZT”) detectors and associated 
advanced electronics to be used in state-of-the-art 
medical imaging systems. 

During the year, we significantly strengthened the 
foundations of our business and ability to deliver on 
future growth with the successful relocation of our US 

operations to a new facility that has been purpose-built 
for high-volume manufacturing of world-class medical 
imaging products. This was furthered in the second 
half of the year via a placing and open offer raising 
£21m to support the growth of the medical imaging 
business and sales and marketing of the D3S platform. 
In addition, the fundraise strengthens the balance 
sheet to provide flexibility to address and capitalise on 
identified and future opportunities as they emerge.  
medical Imaging 
We made significant commercial progress in the 
medical imaging markets during the year: delivering on 
previously-won orders, receiving repeat orders from 
existing customers as well as securing new contracts 
with new customers across our key segments of 
SPECT, bone mineral densitometry (“BMD”) and 
gamma probes.

As noted, during the year, we secured one of our most 
significant contracts to date, both from a strategic and 
monetary perspective. The contract, which is from 
an existing OEM customer, is expected to be worth 
a minimum of $58.1m over a seven-year period. We 
will provide the customer with CZT detectors and 
associated advanced electronics to be used in its 
state-of-the-art medical imaging systems. 

We are receiving significant interest in our SPECT 
products as the market continues to grow. The 

 
 
 
Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   5

“We significantly strengthened the foundations of our business and ability to 
deliver on future growth with the successful relocation of our US operations 
to a new facility that has been purpose-built for high-volume manufacturing 
of world-class medical imaging products” 

generational change in the detector technology is led by 
GE Healthcare, championing nuclear medical imaging and 
recognising CZT as key to their next-generation systems. 
During the year, we advanced towards achieving clinical 
validation of our CZT-based SPECT detector system under 
the contract signed in 2014 with an established manufacturer 
of X-ray diagnostics and analysis equipment. We believe that 
our CZT-based SPECT detectors will significantly enhance the 
identification and management of diseases such as cancer 
and Parkinson’s. We were also awarded a $700k order from a 
new OEM customer, to be delivered over 18 months, to supply 
our CZT detectors to be used to build next-generation nuclear 
medical instrumentation.

In the BMD segment, which is used for the detection of 
osteoporosis, we were awarded a repeat contract by an 
existing OEM customer to provide CZT-based detectors for the 
customer’s existing product line. The contract, which was worth 
$340k, was delivered during the year.

In the gamma probes segment, which are used for radio guided 
surgery, we secured a long-term repeat order from an existing 
medical customer for the supply of gamma detector modules 
for incorporation in the customer’s products. The contract, 
which covers a five-year period, is worth $1.2m.
Nuclear Detection
Our flagship D3S platform consists of a family of products 
designed to cater for the varying demands of homeland security. 
The D3S-ID is a wearable and concealable Radioisotope 
Identification Device (RIID) gamma neutron detector for 
immediate area detection. The D3S-NET builds on the features 
of the D3S-ID by adding a networked solution, with each 
device acting as a building block for wide area mapping on a 
remotely-hosted server. The recently launched D3S-PRD has 
the same hardware as the D3S-ID, but is a more cost-effective 
device without some of the specialised reporting functionality of 
the D3S-ID and is designed for first-line users. The D3S Drone 
uses an unmodified D3S gamma neutron radiation detector 
plugged into a custom-built transmission unit, which allows it to 
communicate at up to ten kilometres to a base station.

During the year, we continued to increase sales of our D3S 
products. This was supported by the expansion, following 
the successful fundraise, of our D3S distribution network and 
sales team. As a result, the D3S family of products is sold in 18 
countries worldwide. 

The D3S platform was used in active deployments and field-
tests in multiple locations of strategic importance and high risk 
across the US, Asia and Europe. With some of these multi-year 
trials approaching a successful conclusion, we anticipate this 
activity translating to product and system-level sales in the 
future.    

This included continued deployment and field-testing in major 
areas in the US by the Defense Advanced Research Projects 
Agency (“DARPA”), an agency of the US Department of 
Defense, under its SIGMA programme, and by other agencies. 
The D3S platform was also used by the Belgian Federal Police 
(Airport Unit), supported by the European Commission Counter 
Terrorism Unit of the Directorate General for Home Affairs, 
during the July 2018 NATO Summit in Brussels. 

In addition, the D3S platform was selected by the European 
Commission’s Directorate-General for Migration and Home 
Affairs, working alongside security authorities in Belgium, 
Luxembourg, The Netherlands and Spain, under a new initiative 
to allow the law enforcement authorities to validate new and 
emerging technologies for homeland protection. Deployment 
commenced post period and over the next 12 months, the 
European Commission will use our D3S-ID and D3S Drone 
radiation detectors for the protection of public spaces across 
multiple European locations covering high risk venues such as 
airports, train stations and other public areas.

We were awarded a $1.8m contract by the Defense Threat 
Reduction Agency (“DTRA”), an agency of the US Department 
of Defense, to develop a next-generation, ruggedised small 
form factor D3S for use by the US military to identify radioactive 
threats in combat environments. The project, which is 
scheduled to be delivered over a two-year period, is progressing 
ahead of schedule as customer demand is accelerating 
development towards commercialisation.  

Also during the year, we were awarded a contract by DARPA, 
as part of its new SIMGA+ initiative, to develop a proof-of-
concept vehicle-mounted device capable of detecting and 
identifying pathogens used in a biological attack at significantly 
higher speeds compared with current systems. This represents 
our first contract for biological-threat detection, which expands 
on our existing capabilities in radiological and nuclear threat 
detection. We commenced development work under the 
contract, which is progressing on track. The contract is worth 
$2.0m over a twelve-month period and could potentially be 
extended to a multi-year contract for the development of a fully-
deployable system.

In the nuclear markets, our portfolio also includes a range of 
high resolution detectors and measurement systems used for 
civil nuclear applications, primarily in nuclear power plants and 
research. During the year, this area of business continued to 
grow as expected, as we won several new customers, including 
the Spanish Army and a new OEM customer. The contract 
with the new OEM customer, which is for the supply of CZT 
detectors, is worth at least $1.4m and will be delivered over a 
three-year period, with minimum annual volumes for each year. 
We also added new distributors in Europe and Asia for our civil 
nuclear portfolio.

Page   6

KromeK Group plc

Strategic Report (Continued)

“We continued to develop and enhance products and platform 
technologies that form elements of our product roadmap and to 
enable us to maintain our leading market position” 

Security Screening 
In security screening, the regulatory framework in 
Europe regarding explosive detection systems for 
cabin baggage (EDSCB), overseen by the European 
Civil Aviation Conference, is focused on increasing 
safety as well as convenience and efficiency for 
passengers. This includes installing equipment that is 
sufficiently sophisticated to allow passengers to keep 
their liquids and laptops inside their cabin baggage 
when passing through security, which is driving OEMs 
to adopt technologies such as Kromek’s to meet 
these higher performance standards. We also provide 
OEM components for hold luggage scanning.   

During the year, we received an order expansion 
under our five-year contract that was awarded in 2017 
by a US-based OEM customer that is an emerging 
global leader in homeland security. The order 
expansion increased the total value of the contract 
by at least 90% to a minimum of $5.8m over the five 
years, with the additional $2.7m relating to the orders 
for the third and fourth years of the contract. 

An existing OEM customer that is a leading company 
in X-ray imaging systems awarded Kromek a new 
five-year supply contract worth a minimum of $7.8m. 
The contract is for the customisation of current 
technologies and CZT detector modules and supply 
for the baggage security screening market. 

We were also awarded a $1.5m two-year contract 
by the US Department of Homeland Security to 
develop CZT detector modules for commercial 
off-the-shelf detectors for advanced X-ray systems 
for passenger baggage screening. This award 
reflects our established relationship with the US 
government for developing next-generation radiation 
detection solutions for national defence and security 
applications. 

manufacturing Facilities and r&D
During the year, we relocated our US operations 
to a new purpose-built premises near Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania. The facility offers a world-class platform 
upon which to build next-generation CZT-based 
molecular imaging SPECT detector assemblies and 
other medical imaging products. The building, under 
a 20-year lease, also provides a significantly more 
efficient facility, is in a preferable location for attracting 
talent and enhances transport connectivity. It also 
allows for further capacity expansion, which, combined 
with our fundraising, means that we can deliver on the 
anticipated growth in medical imaging – which has 
already been evidenced by the award of the significant 
seven-year $58.1m contract – and provides a strong 
basis on which to strengthen this part of the business.

Following the fundraising, we have also invested in 
expanding our capacity at our UK manufacturing facility 
as well as significantly increasing process automation 
in both the UK and US. With greater automation, 
we will expand our throughput capacity as well as 
improve efficiencies. We intend to implement these 
improvements in a phased manner over the course of 
this current financial year. 

Our R&D efforts focused on two key areas. We 
continued to develop and enhance products and 
platform technologies that form elements of our 
product roadmap and to enable us to maintain our 
leading market position. Importantly, we also focused 
on value engineering to increase cost efficiencies to 
enable us to offer competitively priced products whilst 
maintaining our margins. During the year, 11 new 
patents were filed and 16 patents were granted. 

We worked on both externally and internally funded 
R&D activities, with the proportion continuing to 
transition away from externally funded R&D projects as 
our technologies are increasingly commercialised. We 
expect investment in R&D to remain at a steady level 
over the next few years as we seek to maintain our 
commercial advantage. 

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Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   7

Our US operations were relocated to a new, purpose-built premises near 
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The facility offers a world-class platform upon 
which to build next-generation CZT-based molecular imaging SPECT 
detector assemblies and other medical imaging products. 

The building allows for further capacity expansion, which, combined 
with the fundraising, means that we can deliver on the anticipated 
growth in medical imaging – which has already been evidenced by the 
award of the significant seven-year $58.1m contract – and provides a 
strong basis on which to strengthen this part of the business.

outlook

Kromek entered 2019/20 in a stronger position than 
ever before. We are delivering on existing customer 
product contracts as well as continuing to gain traction 
in all of our business segments with the award of high-
value, multi-year contracts from commercial and large 
government customers worldwide. This has given us 
strong visibility over revenues for the next six to 24 
months. As a result, we are confident of delivering 
growth for full year 2019/20, in line with market 
expectations.

Looking further ahead, with the increasing market 

adoption of our customers’ next-generation products 
that incorporate Kromek’s radiation detection solutions, 
we are receiving increasing demand from existing 
customers as well as interest from potential customers. 
As a result of our new high-volume manufacturing 
facility in the US for medical imaging products, 
combined with the fundraising completed in the second 
half of 2018/19 to support growth across the business, 
we are well-placed to capitalise on these expanding 
opportunities. Consequently, we continue to look to the 
future with confidence. 

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KromeK Group plc

Strategic Report (Continued)

“£1.5m improvement in adjusted EBITDA in 2018/19 
compared with 2017/18 is substantially a result of 
additional gross margin generated 
from higher revenues”

Mr Derek Bulmer
Chief Financial Officer
26 June 2019

Kromek achieved year-on-year revenue growth of 
23% and a fourfold increase in adjusted EBITDA 
resulting in loss before tax being reduced to £1.3m 
(2017/18: £2.5m loss). The balance sheet has been 
strengthened following the placing and open offer 
in February 2019 where the Group raised funds of 
£19.8m net of expenses. 

During the year, three new accounting standards 
were adopted: IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers’; IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ (early adopted); and 
IFRS 9 ‘Financial instruments’. The impact of these 
standards is described below. 

revenue
The Group achieved total revenue growth of 23% 
to £14.5m (2017/18: £11.8m), which was driven by 
higher sales across both product and R&D revenue 
activities. Product sales grew by 25% to £12.1m 
(2017/18: £9.6m), which accounted for 83% of total 
revenue (2017/18: 81%) and revenue from R&D 
contracts grew by 14% to £2.5m (2017/18: £2.2m), 
as detailed in the table below: 

revenue 
mix

2018/19

2017/18

£’000 % share

£’000 % share

product

12,060

r&D

Total

2,457

14,517

83%

17%

9,611

2,234

11,845

81%

19%

The continued year-on-year growth in product sales 
reflects further traction with the D3S, SPECT and BMD 
products as we delivered on the supply of multi-year 
contracts that have been announced over recent 
months and years. 

The new revenue standard IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers’ came into mandatory effect 
for the Group during 2018/19. However, following a 
comprehensive review, this mandatory change in the 
Group’s revenue recognition policy has not materially 
impacted the value of revenue that would have been 
recognised under the former revenue standards, IAS 
18 Revenue and IAS 11 Construction Contracts, in 
2018/19 or during 2017/18.  

Gross margin
The year-on-year increase in revenue resulted in growth 
of gross profit to £8.3m (2017/18: £6.7m). Due to a 
similar revenue mix, the margin remained relatively 
static year-on-year, with a slight improvement to 57.2% 
(2017/18: 56.4%).

Administration costs
Administration costs and operating expenses increased 
by £0.2m to £9.0m (2017/18: £8.8m). This increase is 
the net result of: 
•	 £0.8m	additional	costs	resulting	from	the	impact	of	
foreign exchange fluctuations on consolidation and 
revaluations of working capital balances (a weaker 
average Pound to US Dollar ratio during 2018/19 
compared with 2017/18);

 
 
 
 
Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   9

•	 £0.2m	costs	being	reallocated	from	administration	costs	
to finance costs as required under the new accounting 
standard IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ (see note 2 in the consolidated 
financial statements below); and

•	 general	cost	savings	of	£0.4m	made	throughout	2018/19.

IFrS 16
As detailed in the Group’s Interim Results announcement on 
14 January 2019, the Group has adopted the new accounting 
standard, IFRS 16 ‘Leases’, and is accounting for its existing 
leases in accordance with this standard.

Mandatory adoption of IFRS 16 comes into effect for the Group 
for the accounting period ending 30 April 2020, and, therefore, 
the Group has decided to early adopt this standard to best 
reflect the new 20-year lease for the US facility. This adoption 
applies to the accounting of all four existing property leases of 
the Group. 

In accordance with IFRS 16, right of use (ROU) assets 
representing the present value of future lease payments have 
been recognised on the face of the balance sheet at 30 April 
2019 totalling £4.0m (30 April 2018: nil). Corresponding 
liabilities have also been recognised on the face of the balance 
sheet, which are split between amounts due within one year 
and amounts due after more than one year: at 30 April 2019 
these liabilities totalled £4.2m (30 April 2018: nil). For more 
information on IFRS 16, see notes 1 to 37 to the consolidated 
financial statements below.

Adjusted eBITDA* and result from operations
Primarily due to increased revenues, which resulted in a £1.6m 
increase in gross profit, adjusted EBITDA for 2018/19 was 
£2.0m compared with £0.5m for the prior year as set out in the 
table below:

Revenue

Gross margin (%)

Loss Before Tax

eBITDA Adjustments:

Net interest

Depreciation

Amortisation

Share-based payments

Adjusted eBITDA 

2018/19
£’000

14,517

57.2%

(1,270)

364 

879

1,806

195

1,974

2017/18
£’000

11,845

56.4%

(2,533)

192

785

1,907

131

482

*Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxation, 
depreciation, amortisation, other income and share-based payments. 
Adjusted EBITDA is considered a key metric to the users of the financial 
statements as it represents a useful milestone that is reflective of the 
performance of the business as a result of revenue growth. Share-
based payments are added back when calculating the Group’s adjusted 
EBITDA as this is currently an expense with a zero direct cash impact 
on financial performance. 

The £1.5m improvement in adjusted EBITDA in 2018/19 
compared with 2017/18 is substantially a result of additional 
gross margin generated from higher revenues. This reflects the 
operational gearing of the Group, supported by the control over 
administration costs noted above.

Loss before tax for the year was reduced by 48% to £1.3m 
(2017/18: £2.5m loss), largely driven by the £1.5m increase 

in adjusted EBITDA and partially offset by higher interest, 
depreciation and share-based payments that were largely due 
to the impact of IFRS 16.

During 2018/19, the Group recognised other comprehensive 
income of £1.2m (2017/18: £1.0m loss) that arose in respect of 
exchange differences on a net investment in a foreign operation 
as described in note 3 to the financial statements. Unlike the 
£0.8m additional costs resulting from foreign exchange on 
consolidation and revaluations of working capital balances 
noted above that were expensed to the profit and loss account, 
this gain has been treated as effectively a reserve movement 
only.

Tax
The Group continues to benefit from the UK Research and 
Development Tax Credit resulting from the investment in 
developments of technology and recorded a credit of £1.0m for 
the year (2017/18: £1.4m). The Group’s deferred tax provision 
movement remained static at £nil (2017/18: £nil) due to the 
distribution of losses between the UK and US operations. 
These two elements led to an overall tax credit to the income 
statement for the Group of £1.0m (2017/18: £1.4m).

earnings per Share (“epS”)
Due to the £0.8m reduction in loss after tax for the year, the 
EPS is recorded in the year on a basic and diluted basis as 0.1p 
loss per share (2017/18: 0.4p loss per share). 

r&D
The Group invested £2.7m in the year (2017/18: £3.4m) in 
near-term product developments that were capitalised on the 
balance sheet, reflecting the continued commitment to invest 
for the future growth of the business with new and enhanced 
products. This capitalisation is lower in the current year because 
of the facility move in the US during the first half of 2018/19. 
Development work was temporarily suspended in Kromek 
US to accommodate the shutdown of the old facility and 
transfer to the new facility. Based upon the existing portfolio of 
development projects that are currently in operation primarily 
regarding SPECT and D3S, such amounts capitalised are likely 
to increase in future financial years as the Group continues with 
product development, unaffected by one-off events such as a 
facility relocation. 

This investment was offset by further amortisation of 
development costs in 2018/19 of £1.2m (2017/18: £1.2m). 
Hence, the net development cost capitalisation in 2018/19 
was £0.7m lower at £1.5m compared with £2.2m in 2017/18. 
A further £5.3m (2017/18: £4.0m) was incurred in research 
relating to the core technology platform and manufacturing 
capabilities and expensed through the income statement.

Key areas of development continue to be the expansion in the 
D3S suite of products and the SPECT and BMD platforms 
linked to existing and expanding contract deliverables and of 
significant future revenue opportunities. The Group continues 
to undertake this investment in order to advance its commercial 
advantage.  

 
 
Page   10

KromeK Group plc

Strategic Report (Continued)

During the year, the Group undertook expenditure on 
patents and trademarks of £0.2m (2017/18: £0.6m) 
with 11 new patents filed and 16 patents granted 
(2017/18: seven new patents filed and 29 patents 
granted).

capital expenditure
Capital expenditure in the year amounted to £3.6m 
(2017/18: £0.3m). This increase consisted of: 

•	 £2.5m	relating	to	the	enhancements	required	for	

medical imaging (including SPECT) manufacturing 
capabilities at the new US facility. These additions 
were financed in full by a corresponding loan with 
the Group’s landlord

•	 £0.5m	relating	to	assets	under	construction	

– primarily the required increase in production 
capacity following the award of the $58.1m seven-
year supply contract with a key medical OEM. The 
Group expects to spend up to a further £8m-£10m 
over the next 18 months in respect of such assets; 
and

•	 £0.6m	relating	to	modest	capital	expenditure	
across IT and general fixtures and fittings.

cash Balance
Cash and cash equivalents were £20.6m at 30 April 
2019 (30 April 2018: £9.5m). The £11.1m increase 
in cash during 2018/19 was a combination of the 
following:

•	 Adjusted	EBITDA	profit	for	the	year	of	£2.0m,	less	

net finance costs of £0.3m

•	

Increase	in	working	capital	of	£7.5m	(see	below	for	
more detail)

•	 R&D	Tax	Credit	receipts	of	£1.2m

•	

Investment	in	product	development	and	other	
intangibles, with capitalised development costs of 
£2.7m and IP additions of £0.2m

•	 Net	proceeds	raised	from	the	issue	of	shares	of	

£19.8m

•	 Capital	expenditure	net	of	financing	loans	of	£1.2m		

The £7.5m increase in key working capital balances is 
analysed as follows:

•	 A	£0.2m	increase	in	inventories	held	at	30	April	

2019 to £3.2m (30 April 2018: £3.0m). Following 
the $58.1m medical imaging contract awarded 
in January 2019, the Group is holding more 
component stock. This is an indicative feature of 
a contract that is centred around product supply 
rather than R&D

•	 An	£8.7m	increase	in	trade	and	other	receivables	

owed to the Group at 30 April 2019 to £20.0m (30 
April 2018: £11.3m): 

o  The majority (55%) of this overall increase 
is directly due to an expansion of amounts 
recoverable on contract (“AROC”). In line 
with IFRS 15, the Group recognises revenue 
associated with the performance obligations of 
such contracts “over time”, which best reflects 
the transfer of control. There has been an 
increase in the value of the AROC over the last 
12-24 months. The reason for this increase 
is because of the lead time to build on a 
number of long-term contracts. This position 
has been augmented due to the relocation of 
the US facility; to some extent, forward build 
was undertaken by the Group to mitigate any 
risk of delays that may have resulted from 
the relocation. This ensures that through a 
critical time of growth, the Group has sufficient 
product to deliver on these contracts in line 
with delivery requirements and expectations 
of customers. The Group expects shipment 
of products and a corresponding conversion 
of this AROC balance into invoices and then 
cash over the next 6 to 18 months. This timing 
will coincide with the beneficial impact that the 
new US facility will bring to the organisation

“The Group invested £2.7m in near-term product 
developments...reflecting the continued commitment 
to invest for the future growth of the business with new 
and enhanced products”

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Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   11

o  Other increases in trade and other receivables relate 

to the timing of invoicing around the financial year end 
and the overall 23% increase in revenue for the year. 
The Group was also impacted by the recent furlough 
of the US Government during the second half of the 
year, which effectively delayed the invoicing of some 
contracted revenues into months 11 and 12

•	 A	£1.4m	increase	in	current	liabilities	to	£8.3m	(2017/18:	
£6.9m). This increase is a feature of additional capital 
expenditure in the year relating to the continuation of the 
assets under construction and the timing of invoicing around 
the year end

•	 During	March	2019,	the	Group	renewed	its	existing	revolving	
credit facility with HSBC. The facility has been extended 
from £3.0m to £5.0m and the renewal period has increased 
to a minimum of 3 years, with an additional option for 
up to 5 years. Further, up to £2.0m of the facility can be 
used to fund plant and machinery as well as supporting 
working capital expansion. This is a continuation of a 
strong relationship with HSBC and provides the Group with 
additional funding capacity and options as it grows over the 
coming years. At 30 April 2019, £3.0m of the facility was 
drawn (30 April 2018: £3.0m).

Page   12

KromeK Group plc

Strategic Report (Continued)

The Board has carried out a robust assessment of the principal risks to achieving its strategic objectives. Risks are reviewed on 
a regular basis by the Board to identify any changes in risk profiles and to consider the optimal range of mitigation strategies.

Risk 

Description

Mitigation

Risks associated 
with competition 

Risks associated 
with management 
of the Group’s 
growth strategy

The Group faces competition from 
two types of competitor: specialised 
companies targeting discrete markets 
and divisions of large integrated device 
manufacturers. The Group’s current and 
future competitors may develop superior 
technology or offer superior products, 
sell products at a lower price or achieve 
greater market acceptance in the Group’s 
target markets. Competitors may have 
longer operating histories, greater name 
recognition, access to larger customer 
bases and more resources. As such, they 
could be able to respond more quickly to 
changing customer demands or to devote 
greater resources to the development, 
promotion and sale of their products than 
the Group.

The ability of the Group to implement 
its strategy in rapidly evolving and 
competitive markets will require effective 
management planning and operational 
controls. Significant expansion will 
be required to respond to market 
opportunities and the Group’s future 
growth and prospects will depend on 
its ability to manage this growth and 
to continue to expand and improve 
operational and financial performance, 
whilst at the same time maintaining 
effective cost controls and working capital.

Risks associated 
with product 
and technology 
adoption rates

The rate of market acceptance of the 
Group’s products is uncertain as many 
factors influence the adoption of new 
products including changing needs, 
regulation, marketing and distribution, 
users’ habits and business systems and 
product pricing.

To the extent possible, the Group carefully 
monitors competing technologies and 
product offerings. The Group intends 
to continue to make commercially-
driven investments in developing new 
technologies and products to maintain 
a strong technology position, and is 
investing in further and more specialised 
marketing and sales resources. Group 
IP gives some additional protection 
and Kromek has invested in new IP 
management systems and processes in 
the last financial year.

The Group’s experienced management 
team is well versed in the current markets 
available to the Group and well positioned 
to adapt to any changes in those markets. 
The Group also has detailed control 
systems including R&D cost control and 
extensive project management criteria. 
The Group has demonstrated its ability 
to identify, execute and integrate M&A 
opportunities with its two successful US 
acquisitions. The Group has also relocated 
one of the US subsidiary companies to 
a custom-built facility that specialises in 
the production of CZT gamma detector 
assemblies used for single-photon 
emission computed tomography (SPECT).

With a widely applicable technology base, 
the Group only chooses opportunities in 
which it believes there is a good match 
between its rare or unique capabilities and 
strong adoption drivers in large growing 
markets. The use of common technology 
platforms across multiple markets and 
applications reduces the investment risk in 
any given market segment and diversifies 
overall adoption risk.

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Risk 

Description

Mitigation

Risks associated 
with timing of 
customer or third-
party projects

Risks associated 
with exchange 
rate fluctuations

Risks associated 
with Brexit

The Group’s strategy includes co-development 
with, or licensing its technologies to, large OEM 
partners for additional development, manufacturing 
or subsequent marketing. Consequently, the Group 
will be increasingly reliant on securing and retaining 
such partners, and delays in the progress of the 
development, manufacturing or marketing of the end 
product, as a result of a partner’s action or inaction, 
may delay the receipt of product-related revenues.

As a consequence of the international nature 
of its business, the Group is exposed to risks 
associated with changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates on both sales and operations. The 
Group is headquartered in the UK and presents its 
financial statements in pounds sterling. However, its 
subsidiaries eV Products, Inc. and NOVA R&D, Inc., 
operate in the US and earn revenues and incur costs 
in US dollars. A growing proportion of the Group’s 
future revenues are expected to be denominated in 
currencies other than pounds sterling. Exchange rate 
variations between currencies in which the Group 
operates could have a significant impact on the 
Group’s reported financial results.

As a consequence of the UK’s decision to leave the 
European Union, there is international uncertainty 
around the impact this will have on business and 
trade. The Group will continue to monitor Brexit 
and other macroeconomics factors such as US and 
China relations. 

The Group has a diversified customer base and 
operates in a carefully selected portfolio of markets 
with different adoption risks and cycles. As part of 
its business model, it also more directly controls 
a certain proportion of its revenues via the sale 
of complete end-user products in three different 
markets.

The Group is predominantly exposed to currency 
risk on sales and purchases made from customers 
and suppliers. Sales and purchases from customers 
and suppliers are made on a central basis and the 
risk is monitored centrally but not hedged utilising 
any forward exchange contracts. Apart from these 
particular cash flows, the Group aims to fund 
expenses and investments in the respective currency 
and to manage foreign exchange risk at a local 
level by matching the currency in which revenue is 
generated and expenses are incurred.

The Group has significant operations and market 
presence in non-EU territories such as the US 
and Asia, as well as a portfolio of products that 
are market leaders because of the technological 
capabilities offered. As a result, the Group is 
strategically well-placed to navigate whatever will 
be the outcome of the Brexit process. However, 
management continually monitors the political 
environment and keeps the potential impact of Brexit 
under review and other global economic events such 
as the existing relationship between the US and 
China. 

Dr Arnab Basu mBe
Chief Executive Officer
26 June 2019

Page   14

KromeK Group plc

“Using CZT for medical imaging 

is like jumping straight from VHS to HD DVD 

in terms of image quality”

GE Healthcare website ‘The Pulse’ 

Background image: Piron Guillaume

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   15

CZT SPECT - A brilliant leap in 
medical imaging

Gamma detector technology was first introduced in the 
late 1950s, a technological wonder comparable with the 
introduction of the first colour TVs. Television has changed 
beyond recognition since then, but SPECT gamma detector 
technology has remained largely the same, which has set limits 
on the performance that can be obtained.

Now, in the same way as photography and television have 
gone from analogue and black and white to digital and colour, 
medical imaging is going digital and colour too, and CZT is an 
enabling technology.

SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) is 
a nuclear medicine diagnostic imaging modality where the 
patient is injected with a radio-pharmaceutical tracer which 
concentrates at sites signifying diseases like cancer, Alzheimer’s 
or Parkinson’s.

Long-term health concerns regarding exposing patients to 
radiation have driven the development of more innovative 
detector assemblies with features such as CZT solid-
state digital detectors to take a more precise image of the 
examination area.  

The main advantages of using CZT are:
•	 Exceptional	image	resolution	with	superior	specificity
•	 Reduced	patient	dose	to	a	fraction	of	historical	levels
•	 Detector	sensitivity	up	to	10-times	that	of	conventional	

gamma detectors

•	 Shorter	scan	time	reduces	the	frequency	with	that	

examinations are likely to be compromised because of 
patient movement, and leads to a better patient experience
•	 Enables	images	of	several	tracers	at	once,	further	reducing	

scan time
Improved	image	quality

•	

Perhaps the most important thing is that, despite the dramatic 
reduction in imaging time and radiation dose, it achieves this 
without compromising diagnostic accuracy.

Because the CZT detector set-up is significantly lighter and 
smaller than previous assemblies, the architecture can be 
optimised. For example with breast imaging,  the active area 
of the detector can be placed closer to the chest during 
examination.

Some studies with CZT-based gamma detectors show 
improved patient experience with up to four-times lower 
injected dose, and provided shorter, more bearable 
examinations with greater patient comfort because scans lastes 
only a few minutes. 

The impacts and benefits of using CZT are vast. For example, 
if you can see a cancer when it’s smaller and you can see 
it earlier then you get a more effective diagnosis. From this 
you are able to develop a more effective patient treatment 
strategy and, together with faster patient throughput and faster 
treatment cycle, it dramatically lowers the cost of care. 

As we enter a new era in nuclear medicine, transitioning from 
analogue to digital, CZT-based detectors are coming of age. 
Kromek provides simple turn-key product solutions and a 
robust supply chain for OEMs to integrate CZTbased detector 
assemblies into their new systems or fit into their existing 
system architecture.

Small field of view 
gamma detector 
assembly

Kromek Strengths

Achieved detector solution at acceptable price premium over conventional detector technology

Offer plug-and-play solution providing fast route-to-market and a stable and low technical risk 
solution to the OEMs 

Able to offer OEMs performance differentiation vs competing OEMs through detector assembly 
customisation and application optimisation

Partnership with Chinese OEMs to target emerging market opportunity within China

Page   16

KromeK Group plc

protecting
civilians and 
Infrastructure 
Against Nuclear 
Threats

Background image: Josh Hild

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   17

Catering for the unpredictable 
demands of homeland security

Kromek’s flagship D3S platform is a family of products 
that cater for the varying and unpredictable demands 
of homeland security. Small but powerful, wearable 
yet discreet, it is one of the fastest and most accurate 
isotope ID devices on the market that enables users to 
carry out wide area searches for nuclear threats.

At just five inches tall, it’s smaller than your average 
smartphone. The ID App rapidly detects very low levels 
of radiation, even if they pose no significant risk.

There are several variants:
•   D3S-ID is a powerful device with extended detection 
capabilities that enable safe monitoring in potentially 
high dose environments. It is a complete dual 
RIID (radioisotope identification device) and PRD 
(personal radiation device) packaged in a single 
compact device yet has all the features needed 
by CBRN experts. Results can be reported back 
discreetly and instantly using the industry standard 
‘Reachback Report’ on the Android app.

•   D3S-PRD (personal radiation device) is a recent 

addition to the family and is the only commercially 
available PRD that detects the presence of radiation 
and displays the isotope ID in seconds. Designed 
for first-line users, it shares the D3S-ID hardware but 
is a more cost-effective device without some of the 

specialised reporting functionality, providing non-
expert users with a cutting-edge capability. 

•   D3S-NET builds on D3S-ID features by adding a 
networked solution, with thousands of devices 
working together, each device acting as a building 
block for wide area mapping on a remotely hosted 
server. 

D3S-PRD can be easily upgraded to a D3S-ID via 
a simple online software upgrade, creating a single 
device with two modes of operation: PRD and RIID 
at the press of a button, giving greater flexibility to 
meet challenges without having to carry any additional 
(heavier) equipment or call in specialist help. 

The D3S Drone uses an D3S gamma neutron radiation 
detector plugged into a custom-built transmission unit, 
which allows it to communicate at up to ten kilometres 
to a base station.

The D3S platform has been used in active 
deployments and field-tests in multiple locations of 
strategic importance and high risk across the US, 
Asia and Europe. With some of these multi-year trials 
approaching a successful conclusion, we anticipate 
this activity translating to product and system-level 
sales in the future.

From prD to rIID at the touch of a button

prD

rIID

One detector 
One smartphone
Two modes of operation

Page   18

KromeK Group plc

Chernobyl's ‘Red Forest’ - 
one of the most radioactive 
locations on Earth - has 
just been surveyed by UK 
scientists using a fleet 
of drones equipped with 
Kromek detectors 

Aerial drones incorporating Kromek’s radiation detectors

can be deployed at any nuclear incident to give real-time monitoring of

the radiation intensity and its distribution

Background image: Hugh Mitton

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   19

First Drone Survey of Chernobyl’s ‘Red Forest’ 
Reveals Unknown Radioactive Hotspots

In this case, a fixed-wing drone was equipped with 
two Kromek Sigma 50 radiation detectors. The 
Sigma 50 is a scintillation detector using CsI(Tl), 
which is designed to be robust and can survive 
hazardous conditions. The Sigma 50s is also 
integrated in rotary drones that are used to scan 
places of interest following the initial survey.

These can hover and use their sensors to acquire 
high-resolution data and reconstruct in 3D format. 
The survey, conducted in April 2019, confirmed the 
current understanding of the radiation distribution 
in the forest, but in far greater detail than has 
previously been available, and also identified a few 
unexpected hotspots local authorities had no idea 
existed. Kromek continues to work with customers 
and partners to provide unique detection solutions 
for applications that previously had been impossible 
to address.

Just 500m from the Chernobyl nuclear complex, 
the ‘Red Forest’ is one of the most radioactive 
locations on Earth. In the aftermath of the 1986 
Chernobyl Power Plant reactor meltdown, the 
amount of radiation contaminating the area killed 
many of the forest’s trees and turned them a deep 
reddish orange - leaving many areas still strictly out 
of bounds to humans.

Everyone expected the forest to be contaminated 
but how could such a large area be mapped for 
radiation effectively? The answer has now been 
provided by a team of British scientists who 
surveyed the area using a fleet of drones equipped 
with Kromek radiation detectors.

The mission was undertaken by Professor Tom Scott 
with a team from Bristol University and the National 
Centre for Nuclear Robotics (NCNR). The NCNR is 
a consortium of UK research experts tasked with 
developing the next generation of technologies for 
use in cleaning up Britain’s 4.9 million tonnes of 
nuclear waste. 

The NCNR has developed a drone-mapping system 
that allows scientists to investigate hazardous 
places from a safe distance. Fixed wing drones are 
used to make a general radiation map by flying at 
about 40mph (65km/h) just above the treetops, in 
a grid pattern. Fixed wing drones provide several 
advantages over rotary drones: they can fly for 
longer, they can fly faster and they typically can carry 
a heavier payload.

Images: Bristol University

Page   20

KromeK Group plc

Sir  Peter  Williams,  CBE,  FREng,  FRS,  completed  his  degree  and 
PhD  at  Cambridge  University,  and  then  taught  at  Selwyn  College. 
He then moved into industry, working at VG Instruments where he 
became Deputy Chief Executive and at Oxford Instruments, the first 
spin out from Oxford University, where he held the positions of CEO 
and Chairman. He also chaired Isis Innovation Ltd, the technology 
transfer arm of Oxford University. He received a CBE in 1992 and 
was knighted in the Queen’s Birthday Honours list of 1998. He was 
formerly Chairman of the National Physical Laboratory, and VP and 
Treasurer of the Royal Society. He is currently Chairman of the Daiwa 
Anglo Japanese Foundation. 

in  his 

Dr Basu has a PhD in physics from Durham University, specialising 
in  semiconducting  sensor  materials.  He  held  senior  management 
family  business,  serving  over  250  major 
positions 
telecommunications  and  consumer  electronics  manufacturers, 
including Siemens and GEC. He also worked in commercial product 
development  for  Elmwood  Sensors  Ltd  (Honeywell  Group,  UK). 
A  prominent  figure  within  the  business  community,  Dr  Basu  was 
awarded EY ‘Entrepreneur of the Year’ (2009) and received an MBE 
for services to regional development and international trade (2014).

A  qualified  Chartered  Accountant  and  Barrister,  Mr  Bulmer  has 
worked with KPMG and undertaken a number of senior management 
roles with blue-chip public companies, including Bass plc, AWG plc 
and Ibstock plc. Additionally, and more recently, a number of roles as 
Finance Director of privately owned groups in both the IT and oil and 
gas  industries  have  provided  a  wealth  of  experience  in  executing 
and managing business acquisitions plus significant aspects of the 
commercial and legal disciplines of corporate management.

Sir Peter Williams
Chairman 

Dr Arnab Basu
Chief Executive Officer

Mr Derek Bulmer
Chief Financial Officer and
In-House Counsel

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Mr Kinet has over 40 years’ experience in the medical device and bio-pharmaceutical 
industry  in  leadership  positions,  most  recently  as  Group  Chief  Executive  of  LMA 
International NV and President of Smiths Medical, London. Mr Kinet has raised more 
than $100m in funding for early stage companies, taking one through an IPO, and 
made  over  $1bn  worth  of  acquisitions.  His  career  began  at  Baxter  International, 
running  a  number  of  overseas  operations  and  eventually  becoming  President  of 
Baxter’s International Division. He holds a BSc from the University of Birmingham (UK) 
and an MBA from the University of Chicago.

Mr  Whittingham  has  extensive  experience  in  investor,  operational  and  strategy 
roles with technology-rich companies, including Incuvest LLC, Generics Group plc, 
Durlacher plc, Amphion Innovations plc, INMARSAT and a number of start-ups. He 
was appointed to the Board of Kromek Group plc in September 2013 and also served 
on the Board of DSC Ltd, a predecessor company of the Group. Currently he combines 
NED and operational roles in technology growth companies. He also served as CEO 
and  later  Executive  Chairman  of  Myconostica  Ltd,  a  medical  technology  company 
spun out from a leading UK university.

Mr Wilks BSc, FCA, has considerable experience in both science and finance. He was 
formerly  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  at  Signum  Technology,  which  he  co-founded  in 
2012. Prior to this, he was Chief Financial Officer at Sondex plc where he successfully 
managed  their  listing  on  the  Main  Market  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  in  2003 
and made several post-IPO acquisitions. In 2007 Sondex was acquired by GE. After 
graduating  from  Durham  University  with  a  BSc  in  Applied  Physics  and  Electronics, 
Christopher  initially  joined  Marconi  Space  Systems  designing  power  systems  for 
space  craft,  and  he  then  trained  as  a  Chartered  Accountant  at  Arthur  Young  (now 
EY). After qualifying as a Chartered Accountant in audit, he became a Manager in the 
Corporate Finance team at EY. His intimate understanding of the physics and financial 
worlds adds valuable insight and expertise to the Board of Kromek. 

Mr Lawrence Kinet
Non-Executive Director

Mr Jerel Whittingham
Non-Executive Director 
Remuneration Committee Chair

Mr Christopher Wilks
Non-Executive Director 
Audit Committee Chair

Page   22

KromeK Group plc

The Directors present their annual report on the affairs 
of the Group, together with the financial statements 
and auditor’s report, for the year ended 30 April 2019.

principal activities

Kromek Group plc is the leading developer of radiation 
detectors based on cadmium zinc telluride (CZT), 
providing improved detection and characterisation 
capabilities within the medical imaging, nuclear 
detection and security screening markets. The Group 
realises revenue primarily on the sale of radiation 
equipment, development of radiation technology and 
for leading research into different potential applications 
of its detection technology.  

Business and strategic review

The information that fulfils the requirements of the 
strategic report and business review, including 
details of the results for the year ended 30 April 
2019, principal risks and uncertainties, research 
and development, financial KPIs and the outlook for 
future years, are set out in the Chairman’s and Chief 
Executive Officer’s Statements and the Chief Financial 
Officer’s Review, on pages 8-11.

Future developments

The Group’s development objectives for 2019/20 are 
disclosed in the Strategic Report on pages 4-13.

The Directors continue to monitor the potential impacts 
of the UK’s decision to leave the European Union (EU). 
As the Group’s turnover is generated globally and the 
proportion of UK to EU trade is not a significant portion 
of this, and the Group has significant operations and 
manufacturing facilities in both the US and UK, the 
Directors believe the Group is strategically well-placed 
to navigate whatever will be the outcome of the Brexit 
process. However, the Directors continually monitor 
the political environment and keep the potential impact 
of Brexit under review and other global economic 
events such as the existing relationship between the 
US and China. The Directors will put in place plans 
to reduce or mitigate the risks arising once they have 
been firmly established.

capital structure

The capital structure is intended to ensure and 
maintain strong credit ratings and healthy capital ratios 
in order to support the Group’s business and maximise 
shareholder value. It includes the monitoring of cash 
balances, available bank facilities and cash flows.

No changes were made to these objectives, policies or 
processes during the year ended 30 April 2019.

results and dividends

The consolidated income statement is set out on page 
40.

The Group’s loss after taxation amounted to £0.3m 
(2017/18: £1.1m).

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a 
dividend for the year ended 30 April 2019.

During the year ended 30 April 2019, the Group made 
political donations of £nil (2017/18: £nil) and charitable 
donations of £nil (2017/18: £nil).

Directors

The Directors who served throughout the year and 
up to the date of signing this report (unless otherwise 
stated) were as follows:

Dr A Basu
Mr D Bulmer 
Sir P Williams
Mr L Kinet
Mr J H Whittingham
Mr C Wilks
Dr G Speirs (resigned 1 October 2018)

The emoluments and interests of the Directors in the 
shares of the Group are set out in the Remuneration 
Committee Report.

Details of significant events since the balance sheet 
date are contained in note 16 to the parent company 
financial statements.

Directors’ indemnities

The Group has made qualifying third-party indemnity 
provisions for the benefit of its Directors, which were 
made during the year and remain in force at the date 
of this report.

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect 
of the annual report and the financial statements 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the annual 
report and the Group and parent Company financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and 
regulations.  

Company law requires the Directors to prepare 
Group and parent Company financial statements 
for each financial year.  Under the AIM Rules of the 
London Stock Exchange they are required to prepare 
the Group financial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as 
adopted by the EU (IFRSs as adopted by the EU) and 
applicable law and they have elected to prepare the 
parent Company financial statements on the same 
basis.

Under Company law the Directors must not approve 
the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of 
the Group and parent Company and of their profit or 
loss for that period. 

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Page   23

In preparing each of the Group and parent Company financial 
statements, the Directors are required to:  
•	 select	suitable	accounting	policies	and	then	apply	them	

These policies are circulated to staff as part of the employee 
manual, and reminders sent on a regular basis as the manual is 
updated and changed.

consistently;  

•	 make	judgements	and	estimates	that	are	reasonable,	

relevant and reliable;  

•	 state	whether	they	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	

IFRSs as adopted by the EU;  

•	 assess	the	Group	and	parent	Company’s	ability	to	continue	
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters 
related to going concern; and  

•	 use	the	going	concern	basis	of	accounting	unless	they	

either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company 
or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to 
do so.  

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the parent 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the parent Company and 
enable them to ensure that its financial statements comply 
with the Companies Act 2006.  They are responsible for such 
internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general 
responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to 
them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and 
detect fraud and other irregularities.  

Under applicable law and regulations, the Directors are also 
responsible for preparing a Strategic Report and a Directors’ 
Report that complies with that law and those regulations.  

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity 
of the corporate and financial information included on the 
Company’s website. Legislation in the UK governing the 
preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ 
from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

employees

Kromek develops and manufactures products and systems that 
are designed to make the world a safer place. The Board and 
senior management value technological development in the 
Group’s sector and actively support developments that lead to 
better scanning and detection systems. To this end, Kromek 
participates in technology transfer projects, and works with 
many universities and other places of learning worldwide. The 
Board, executive team and staff are active across a wide range 
of industry steering groups, organisations and other stakeholder 
organisations. All staff are encouraged to meet and participate 
in events and conferences that operate in their area of expertise. 
The Group’s learning and development policy encourages 
employees to further their professional development. Operating 
a business that is fair and equitable for all is vital to the Group’s 
success. Kromek’s ethical values are outlined in its:
•	 Equal	opportunity	policy;
•	 Personal	harassment	policy;
•	 Family-friendly	policy;
•	 Equality,	inclusion	and	diversity	policy;	and
•	 Anti-bribery	and	corruption	policy.

The Group has several routes in place to reinforce ethical 
behaviour, which, depending upon the situation, could 
be resolved in the regular one-to-one meeting, personal 
improvement plan or in more severe action, including immediate 
dismissal.

The Group’s current number of staff at the date of this report is 
126 and the percentage of this number that is female is 27%. 

Auditor

Each of the persons who is a Director at the date of approval of 
this annual report confirms that:

•	 so	far	as	the	Director	is	aware,	there	is	no	relevant	audit	
information of which the Group’s auditor is unaware; and

•	

the	Director	has	taken	all	the	steps	that	he	ought	to	have	
taken as a Director in order to make himself aware of any 
relevant audit information and to establish that the Group’s 
auditor is aware of that information.

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in 
accordance with the provisions of Section 418 of the Companies 
Act 2006.

KMPG LLP have expressed their willingness to continue in office 
as auditors and a resolution to reappoint them will be proposed 
at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

Substantial shareholders

As at 30 April 2019, shareholders holding more than 3% of the 
share capital of Kromek Group plc were:

Name of shareholder

Number of 
shares

% of voting 
rights

Miton Asset Management Ltd

69,958,835

20.30

26,234,615

7.61

Canaccord Genuity Wealth 
Management

Polymer Holdings

Hargreaves Lansdown Asset 
Management

Kilik & Co

20,273,475

19,180,103

18,985,559

Herald Investment Management

17,747,059

Interactive Investor Shareholding

10,725,634

By order of the Board

Dr Arnab Basu mBe
Chief Executive Officer
26 June 2019

5.88

5.57

5.51

5.15

3.11

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KromeK Group plc

The Directors recognise the importance of sound 
corporate governance and have chosen to apply the 
Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance 
Code (the QCA Code). The QCA Code was developed 
by the QCA, in consultation with a number of 
significant institutional small company investors, as a 
corporate governance code applicable to companies 
with shares traded on AIM.

The Board

The Board normally meets at least four times per 
year in person and four times per year telephonically. 
Its direct responsibilities include approving annual 
budgets, reviewing trading performance, approving 
significant capital expenditure, ensuring adequate 
funding, setting and monitoring strategy and reporting 
to shareholders. The Non-Executive Directors have a 
particular responsibility to ensure that the strategies 
proposed by the Executive Directors are fully 
considered.

Board meetings

The Board met five times during the year ended 30 
April 2019, including one AGM and one strategy away 
day. The following details the Board meetings during 
2018/19 and the attendees:

Date

27/06/2018

25/09/2018
(Strategy day)

01/10/2018 
(AGM)

11/12/2018

26/02/2019

Attendees

Sir Peter Williams
Arnab Basu
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Graeme Speirs
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Sir Peter Williams
Arnab Basu
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Graeme Speirs
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Sir Peter Williams
Arnab Basu
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Sir Peter Williams
Arnab Basu
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Sir Peter Williams
Arnab Basu
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Board effectiveness

The Board has set out, in the contract for Non-
Executive Directors, the time commitment required and 
asked for confirmation that the Director can devote 
enough time to meet the expectations of the Board. 

The Board currently anticipates a minimum time 
commitment of one day per month and further days 
if required for the satisfactory fulfilment of Directors’ 
duties. This includes attendance at six Board meetings 
per annum, including attendance at four in person, 
the AGM, any general meeting, one annual Board 
away day and at least one site visit per year. During 
the year, the Board visited Kromek’s US facilities, and 
it is likely that this will become an annual commitment. 
Also, Directors are expected to devote appropriate 
preparation time ahead of each meeting. 

The Board requires the Directors to disclose any 
other significant time commitments and to obtain the 
agreement of the Chairman, or in the event that the 
Chairman has a conflict of interest in relation to such 
matter, obtain the agreement of one of the Company’s 
independent Non-Executive Directors, before accepting 
additional commitments that might affect the time to 
devote to the role as a Non-Executive Director of the 
Company.

The Board is satisfied that, between the Directors, the 
executive team and senior management, the Group 
has an effective and appropriate balance of skills and 
experience. These include the areas of technology, 
business operation, finance, innovation, international 
trading and marketing. All Directors have extensive 
technical qualifications and experience relating to their 
area of operation.

The Board conducts half yearly reviews of the 
effectiveness of its performance as a unit and of the 
individual members, meeting with Board members to 
discuss their involvement with the Company to ensure 
that: 
1.  their contribution is relevant and effective;
2.  that they are committed to Kromek and its values; 

and

3.  where relevant, they have maintained their 

independence.

In order to measure the effectiveness of the Board 
against these three points, four areas of performance 
are considered:

1.  Process and relationships 

•	 Effective	in	dispatching	business	in	and	

between meetings.

•	 Good	internal	board	dynamics.	
•	 Good	key	relationships.

2.  Coverage 

•	 Focuses	on	key	issues	and	risks.	
•	

Initiative-taking,	dealing	with	crises	and	
identifying emerging issues. 

 
 
Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   25

3.  Impact 

•	 Contributes	to	the	Company’s	performance.

4.  Sustainability 

•	 Aware	of,	and	interested	in,	good	practice.

The above forms a basis for discussion around performance in 
one-to-one discussions with Board members, CEO, CFO and 
Chairman to measure effectiveness. These occur after Board 
meetings and during other meetings with the senior team. The 
Board has not adopted any more mechanistic performance 
exercises, but this is always under consideration and may be 
adopted in the future.

relations with stakeholders

Shareholders
The Company communicates with shareholders through 
the Annual Report and Accounts, full-year and half-year 
announcements, regulatory announcements, the Annual 
General Meeting (AGM) and one-to-one meetings with existing 
and potential new shareholders. The Chairman aims to ensure 
that the Chairs of the audit and remuneration committees are 
available at the Annual General Meeting to answer questions. 
All regulatory announcements along with annual reports and 
notices of all general meetings over the last five years are 
available on the corporate website and are publicised through 
Kromek’s social media channels and newsletters.

The Board receives regular updates on the views of 
shareholders through briefings and reports from Investor 
Relations, the CEO, CFO and the Company’s brokers. The 
Company communicates with institutional investors frequently 
through briefings with management and, at a minimum, at the 
time of the publication of the half year and full year results. 

Broader stakeholders
Kromek develops and manufactures products and systems 
that are designed to make the world a safer place. To support 
this goal, Kromek participates in technology transfer projects, 
and works with many universities and other places of learning 
worldwide. The Board, executive team and staff are active 
across a wide range of industry steering groups, organisations 
and other stakeholder organisations. 

As noted in the Directors’ Report above, the Group’s learning 
and development policy encourages employees to further their 
professional development. The Group also has a number of 
policies to ensure the operation of a business that is fair and 
equitable for all.

Audit committee

The Audit Committee is chaired by Christopher Wilks, an 
Independent Non-Executive Director. The other members are 
Sir Peter Williams, Lawrence Kinet and Jerel Whittingham, 
all Independent Non-Executive Directors. For the year under 
review, Dr Graeme Speirs was also a member of the Audit 
Committee until his retirement as a Non-executive Director on 1 
October 2018. The committee meets at least two times a year.

The Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing the half-
year and annual financial statements, interim management 
statements, preliminary results announcements and any other 
formal announcement or presentation relating to the Group’s 
financial performance. 

The Audit Committee reviews significant financial returns to 
regulators and any financial information covered in certain other 
documents such as announcements of a price sensitive nature. 

The Audit Committee also reviews the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control over financial reporting and considers 
key financial judgements made in the financial statements.

The Audit Committee advises the Board on the appointment of 
external auditors and on their remuneration (both for audit and 
non-audit work) and discusses the nature, scope and results 
of the audit with the auditors. The Audit Committee reviews 
the extent of the non-audit services provided by the auditors 
and reviews with them their independence and objectivity. The 
Chairman of the Audit Committee reports the outcome of Audit 
Committee meetings to the Board and the Board receives 
minutes of the meetings.

The Audit Committee meets two times per year and the 
following details the Audit Committee meetings and attendees 
during the year ended 30 April 2019:

Date

27/06/2018

14/12/2018

Attendees

Sir Peter Williams
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Graeme Speirs
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

Sir Peter Williams
Derek Bulmer
Lawrence Kinet
Jerel Whittingham
Christopher Wilks

remuneration committee

The Remuneration Committee is chaired by Jerel Whittingham, 
an Independent Non-Executive Director. The other member is 
Lawrence Kinet, an Independent Non-Executive Director. For 
the year under review, Dr Graeme Speirs was also a member 
of the Remuneration Committee until his resignation as a 
Non-Executive Director on 1 October 2018. The committee 
is responsible for making recommendations to the Board, 
within agreed terms of reference, on the Group’s framework of 
executive remuneration and its cost. The committee determines 
the contract terms, remuneration and other benefits for each of 
the Executive Directors, including performance-related bonus 
schemes and pension rights. Further details of the Group’s 
policies on remuneration and service contracts are given in the 
Remuneration Committee Report on pages 29 to 31.

Internal control

The Board is responsible for establishing and maintaining 
the Group’s system of internal control and for reviewing its 
effectiveness. The system is designed to manage rather than 
eliminate the risk of failure to achieve the Group’s strategic 
objectives and can only provide reasonable and not absolute 
assurance against material misstatement or loss. The Directors 
have set out below some of the key aspects of the Group’s 
internal control procedures.

Page   26

KromeK Group plc

Going concern

As at 30 April 2019, the Group had net assets of 
£61.2m (30 April 2018: £40.3m) and cash and cash 
equivalents of £20.6m (30 April 2018: £9.5m) as set 
out in the consolidated statement of financial position. 
The Directors have prepared detailed forecasts of 
the Group’s financial performance over the next five 
years. As a result of this review, which incorporated 
sensitivities and risk analysis, the Directors believe that 
the Group has sufficient resources and working capital 
to meet their present and foreseeable obligations for a 
period of at least twelve months from approval of these 
financial statements. Accordingly, they continue to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Group 
financial statements.

An ongoing process has been established for 
identifying, evaluating and managing the significant 
risks faced by the Group. The process has been in 
place for the full year under review and up to the 
date of approval of the annual report and financial 
statements. The Board regularly reviews this process 
as part of its review of such risks within its meetings. 
Where any weaknesses are identified, an action 
plan is prepared to address the issues and is then 
implemented.

Each year the Board approves the annual budget. 
Key risk areas are identified, reviewed and monitored. 
Performance is monitored against budget, relevant 
action is taken throughout the year and updated 
forecasts are prepared as appropriate.

Capital and development expenditure is regulated 
by a budgetary process and authorisation levels. For 
expenditure beyond specified levels, detailed written 
proposals have to be submitted to the Board for 
approval. Reviews are carried out after the purchase 
is complete. The Board requires management to 
explain any major deviations from authorised capital 
proposals and to seek further sanction from the 
Board.

The Board has reviewed the need for an internal 
audit function and concluded that this is not currently 
necessary in view of the small size of the Group and 
the close supervision by the senior leadership team of 
its day-to-day operations. The Board will continue to 
keep this under review.

The Group has a whistle-blowing policy and 
procedures to encourage staff to contact the Audit 
Committee if they need to raise matters of concerns 
other than via the Executive Directors and senior 
leadership team.

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Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   27

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present the 
Audit Committee report for the year ended 30 April 
2019.

Firstly, I would like to pass my gratitude and 
appreciation to Sir Peter Williams, who officially 
stepped down as Chair of the Audit Committee in 
June 2018. Sir Peter had been the Chair of the Audit 
Committee for the last three financial years and his 
work has seen the continued operation of an effective 
Audit Committee. I look forward to continuing this 
work as the Group continues to make technological, 
commercial and financial advances.

The Audit Committee is responsible for ensuring that 
the financial performance of the Group is properly 
reported and reviewed. Its role includes monitoring 
the integrity of the financial statements, reviewing 
internal control and risk management systems, 
reviewing any changes to accounting policies, and 
reviewing and monitoring the extent of the non-audit 
services undertaken by external auditors outside the 
committee schedule to ensure there is full opportunity 
for discussion.

members of the Audit committee

The Committee consists of four Independent 
Non-Executive Directors: me (as Chair), Sir Peter 
Williams (as former Chair), Lawrence Kinet and Jerel 
Whittingham. During the year, Graeme Speirs was a 
member of the Audit Committee as a non-independent 
Non-Executive Director until he resigned from the 
Board on 1 October 2018.

The Board is satisfied that I, as Chairman of the 
Committee, have recent and relevant financial 
experience. I was formerly Chief Financial Officer at 
Signum Technology, which I co-founded in 2012. 
Prior to this, I was Chief Financial Officer at Sondex 
plc, where I successfully managed their listing on the 
Main Market of the London Stock Exchange in 2003 
and made several post-IPO acquisitions. In 2007 
Sondex was acquired by GE. After graduating from 
Durham University with a BSc in Applied Physics and 
Electronics, I initially joined Marconi Space Systems 
designing power systems for space craft, and then 
trained as a Chartered Accountant at Arthur Young 
(now EY). 

Duties

The main duties of the Audit Committee are set out 
in its Terms of Reference, which are available on 
the Company’s website (www.kromek.com) and are 
available on request from the Company Secretary.

The main items of business considered by the Audit 
Committee during the year included:
•	

review	of	the	financial	statements	and	annual	
report

•	 consideration	of	the	external	audit	report	and	

management representation letter;

•	 going	concern	review;
•	

•	
•	

review	of	the	2019	audit	plan	and	audit	engage-
ment letter;
review	of	suitability	of	the	external	auditors;
review	of	the	risk	management	and	internal	control	
systems;
review	and	approval	of	the	interim	results;

•	
•	 assessment	of	the	need	for	an	internal	audit	func-

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tion;
•	
review	of	whistleblowing	reports;	and
•	 meeting	with	the	external	auditor	without	

management present.

role of the external auditor

The Audit Committee monitors the relationship with 
the external auditor, KPMG LLP, to ensure that auditor 
independence and objectivity are maintained. As 
part of its review, the Audit Committee monitors the 
provision of non-audit services by the external auditor. 
The breakdown of fees between audit and non-audit 
services is provided in note 7 of the Group’s financial 
statements. The non-audit fees related to tax advice 
for the Group.

The Audit Committee also assesses the auditor’s 
independence and performance. The year ended 
30 April 2019 represents the first year that David 
Mitchell, the KPMG LLP audit director and 
Responsible Individual (RI), has signed the accounts. 
He has replaced Nick Plumb as the RI in the year 
following staff rotation. The year ended 30 April 
2019 represents the second year that KPMG LLP 
have acted as the external auditor of the Group, 
having replaced the Group’s former external auditors, 
Deloitte LLP during the year ended 30 April 2018.  
Having reviewed the auditor’s independence and 
performance, the Audit Committee recommends that 
KPMG LLP be re-appointed as the Group’s auditor at 
the next AGM.

Audit process

The auditor prepares an audit plan for its review of 
the full year financial statements. The audit plan sets 
out the scope of the audit, areas to be targeted and 
audit timetable. This plan is reviewed and agreed 
in advance by the Audit Committee for discussion. 
No major areas of concern were highlighted by the 
auditor during the year; however, areas of significant 
risk and other matters of audit relevance are regularly 
communicated. The auditor currently calculates 
materiality using the Group’s normalised loss before 
tax. As the Group’s loss before tax has reduced 
to £1.3m during 2018/19 (2017/18: £2.5m), the 
materiality of the Group has consequently reduced 
by 16% to £150k (2017/18: £179k). Despite the 
reduction in materiality, there were no unadjusted 
material differences reported by the auditor to the 
Audit Committee.

 
 
Page   28

KromeK Group plc

Internal audit

At present the Group does not have an internal audit 
function, and the Audit Committee believes that 
management is able to derive assurance as to the 
adequacy and effectiveness of internal controls and 
risk management procedures without one. 

risk management and internal controls

As described on page 24 of the Corporate 
Governance Report, the Group has established 
a framework of risk management and internal 
control systems, policies and procedures. The Audit 
Committee is responsible for reviewing the risk 
management and internal control framework and 
ensuring that it operates effectively. During the year, 
the Audit Committee reviewed the framework and is 
satisfied that the internal control systems in place are 
currently operating effectively.

Whistleblowing

The Group has in place a whistleblowing policy that 
sets out the formal process by which an employee of 
the Group may, in confidence, raise concerns about 
possible improprieties in financial reporting or other 
matters.  Whistleblowing is a standing item on the 
Audit Committee’s agenda, and an opportunity for 
updates is provided at each meeting. During the year, 
there were no incidents for consideration.

christopher Wilks
Audit Committee Chairman
26 June 2019

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Annual Report & Accounts 2019

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As the Group is AIM listed, the Directors are not required, 
under  Section  420(1)  of  the  Companies  Act  2006, 
to  prepare  a  Directors’  remuneration  report  for  each 
financial year of the Group and so Kromek makes the 
following disclosures voluntarily, which are not intended 
to comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006.

for 
The  Remuneration  Committee 
recommending  the  remuneration  and  other  terms  of 
employment  for  the  Executive  Directors  of  Kromek 
Group plc.

responsible 

is 

remuneration 

the 
In  determining 
Remuneration  Committee  has  given  consideration  to 
the  requirements  of  the  UK  Corporate  Governance 
Code.

the  year, 

for 

remuneration policy

The remuneration of Executive Directors is determined 
by the Remuneration Committee and the remuneration 
of  Non-Executive  Directors  is  approved  by  the  full 
Board of Directors. The remuneration of the Chairman 
is  determined  by  the  Independent  Non-Executive 
Directors.

The  remuneration  packages  of  Executive  Directors 
comprise the following elements:

Basic salary and benefits

Basic  salaries  for  Executive  Directors  are  reviewed 
annually,  having  regard  to  individual  performance  and 
market  practice.  In  most  cases,  benefits  provided  to 
Executive Directors comprise the provision of a Group 
car,  or  appropriate  allowance,  health  insurance  and 
contributions to a Group personal pension scheme.

Annual bonus

A  contractual  bonus  is  awarded  at  the  end  of  each 
financial year, the quantum of which is at the discretion 
of the Board, having considered the recommendations 
of the Remuneration Committee. The maximum bonus 
currently  ranges  from  between  25%–100%  of  basic 
salary to reward executives’ contribution to the growth 
in revenue, and specific targeted or strategic objectives.

Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”)

The Group believes that share ownership by Executive 
Directors and employees strengthens the link between 
their personal interests and those of the Group and the 
shareholders.

The  Group  has  executive  incentive  schemes,  which 
are  designed  to  promote  long-term  improvement  in 
the  performance  of  the  Group,  sustained  increase  in 
shareholder value and clear linkage between executive 
reward and the Group’s performance.

The LTIP is based on total shareholder return (“TSR”) 
relative to an AIM peer group. Any awards made vest 
only  after  three  years.  A  review  was  undertaken  by 
external  advisors  during  the  year  which  resulted  in 
some modifications of the criteria to bring them in line 
with market best practice. The annual LTIP award was 
reduced  to  reflect  the  introduction  of  a  parallel  value 
creation share plan (“VC”) following the 2017/18 review. 
The VC will vest in May 2022 and pay-outs, if any, are 
based on the absolute value of the Group at that date. 
There is a minimum value threshold before any pay-out 
may occur and a maximum value cap.

The  Remuneration  Committee  and  Board  use 
external independent advisors to provide guidance on 
benchmarks,  scheme  structures  and  metrics.  KPMG 
LLP provided advice on LTIP best practice but not on 
specific executive schemes. The use of KPMG in this 
capacity predated their role as the Group’s auditor.    

Service contracts

Arnab Basu and Derek Bulmer have service contracts 
with  notice  periods  (to  the  Company)  of  nine  and  six 
months respectively. 

The Remuneration Committee considers the Directors’ 
notice  periods  to  be  appropriate  as  they  are  in  line 
with  the  market  and  take  account  of  the  Directors’ 
knowledge and experience.

Non-executive Directors

The  salaries  of  the  Non-Executive  Directors  are 
determined  by  the  full  Board  within  the  limits  set  out 
in  the  Memorandum  and  Articles  of  Association.  The 
Non-Executive  Directors  are  not  eligible  for  bonuses, 
pension benefits or share options.

Directors’ emoluments (Audited)
Emoluments  of  the  Directors  for  the  year  ended  30 
April 2019 are shown below.

pension contributions

During  the  year,  the  Group  made  annual  pension 
contributions  for  Arnab  Basu  and  Derek  Bulmer  to  a 
personal  pension  scheme  (i.e.  a  defined  contribution 
scheme).  Neither  benefits  in  kind  nor  bonuses  are 
pensionable.

Details of contributions payable by the Group are:

Year ended

Director

Arnab Basu

Derek Bulmer

30 April 2019
£’000

30 April 2018
£’000

10

10

10

10

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Page   30

KromeK Group plc

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Directors’ shareholdings

Beneficial interests of the Directors in the shares of the Group are shown below:

Arnab Basu

Derek Bulmer

Peter Williams

Lawrence Kinet

Jerel Whittingham

Christopher Wilks

30 April 2019

30 April 2018

Number

2,952,000

112,292

150,000

300,000

364,890

125,000

%

0.9

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.0

Number

2,952,000

100,000

100,000

250,000

364,890

75,000

%

1.1

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.0

Directors’ emoluments for the year ended 30 April 2019 

The table below forms part of the audited financial statements:

Non-executive chairman

Sir Peter Williams

executive

Arnab Basu

Derek Bulmer

Non-executive

Lawrence Kinet

Jerel Whittingham

Christopher Wilks

Graeme Speirs*

Total

Salary 
£’000

Benefits 
£’000

Bonus 
paid  
£’000

Pension 
contributions   
£’000

Total 
emoluments 
2018/19
£’000

Total 
emoluments 
2017/18  
 £’000

74

210

154

38

41

38

15

570

-

11

8

-

-

-

-

-

133

58

-

-

-

-

-

10

10

-

-

-

-

19

191

20

74

364

230

38

41

38

15

800

74

356

204

36

39

19

36

764

*Graeme Speirs resigned from his position as a Non-Executive Director on 1 October 2018.

executive Directors’ share incentive scheme (lTIp)

Share incentive scheme for Arnab Basu, Chief Executive Officer, and Derek Bulmer, Chief Financial 
Officer

The Remuneration Committee agreed, in January 2019, an incentive award scheme for Arnab Basu and Derek 
Bulmer, to offer them up to 471,910 and 307,865 shares respectively, at a price of 1p per share to vest based on 
specified performance criteria.

The Remuneration Committee agreed, in December 2017, an incentive award scheme for Arnab Basu and Derek 
Bulmer, to offer them up to 471,910 and 307,865 shares respectively, at a price of 1p per share to vest based on 
specified performance criteria.

The Remuneration Committee agreed, in January 2017, an incentive award scheme for Arnab Basu and Derek 
Bulmer, to offer them up to 595,200 and 370,647 shares respectively, at a price of 1p per share to vest based on 
specified performance criteria.

These share incentives noted above are measured by a TSR condition, calculated as the average total return in 
comparison to a peer group. The Board received specialist advice from the Group’s auditor. 

As at 30 April 2019, the shares issued in 2017, 2018 and 2019 remained unvested. 

During  2017/18  as  noted  on  page  29,  a  new  incentive  award  scheme  was  introduced  regarding  an  Average 
Valuation  Creation  of  the  Company,  referred  to  as  the  “VC”.  This  has  awarded  Arnab  Basu  and  Derek  Bulmer 
2,001,791 and 1,601,432 options under the scheme respectively. However, these options only vest after 5 years 
(at 1p per share) and are subject to challenging specific performance criteria over that period commencing 1 May 
2017. The quantity of options that vest is weighted, such that the maximum amount only vests on achievement of 
all performance criteria.

 
 
 
Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   31

Share price during the year

During  the  year  to  30  April  2019,  the  highest  share  price  was  31.34p  (2017/18:  35.63p)  and  the  lowest  share  price  was  21.22p 
(2017/18: 19.75p). The market price of the shares at 30 April 2019 was 25.50p (30 April 2018: 21.15p).

Directors’ interests in material contracts

No Director was materially interested either at the year-end or during the year in any contract of significance to the Group other than 
their employment or service contract.

executive Directors’ share options

The following table shows the movement in the total share options that have been granted to Arnab Basu and Derek Bulmer 
(separate to those under the LTIP scheme as detailed on the previous page). These options are not linked to any specified 
performance criteria:

Director

Date of grant

exercise 
price p

At 1 may 2018 
number

Awarded 
during the 
year

exercised 
during the 
year

At 30 April 2019 
number

expiry date

Arnab Basu

20 Nov 2011

Derek Bulmer

13 Sept 2010

Derek Bulmer

15 Oct 2012

Derek Bulmer

31 May 2013

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

1,000,000

500,000

125,000

250,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,000,000

20 Sept 2021

500,000

13 Sept 2020

125,000

15 Oct 2022

250,000

31 May 2023

Page   32

KromeK Group plc

This page intentionally left blank

Kromek Group plc

Annual report and accounts for the 

year ended 30 April 2019

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   33

Kromek Group plc
Annual report and accounts for the 
year ended 30 April 2019

Page   34

KromeK Group plc

Independent Auditor’s Report To The Members of Kromek Group plc 

1  our opINIoN IS uNmoDIFIeD

Overview

We have audited the financial statements of Kromek Group 
plc (“the Company”) for the year ended 30 April 2019 which 
comprise the consolidated income statement, the consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of 
financial position, consolidated  statement of changes in equity, 
consolidated statement of cash flows, company statement of 
changes in equity, company statement of financial position, 
company statement of cash flows, and the related notes, 
including the accounting policies in note 3.  

In our opinion: 
—  the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state 
of the Group’s and of the parent Company’s affairs as at 30 
April 2019 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended;  
—  the Group financial statements have been properly prepared 

in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as 
adopted by the EU);  

—  the parent Company financial statements have been 

properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by 
the EU and as applied in accordance with the provisions of 
the Companies Act 2006; and  

—  the financial statements have been prepared in accordance 

with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International 
Standards on Auditing (UK) (“ISAs (UK)”) and applicable law.  
Our responsibilities are described below. We have fulfilled our 
ethical responsibilities under, and are independent of the Group 
in accordance with, UK ethical requirements including the FRC 
Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities. We believe that the 
audit evidence we have obtained is a sufficient and appropriate 
basis for our opinion. 

Materiality: 
Group financial statements as 
a whole

£150,000 (2018: £179,000)
5% (2018: 5%) of Group loss 
before tax

Coverage

100% (2018: 100%) of Group 
loss before tax

Key audit matters vs 2018

Recurring risks

Event driven

tu

tu

tu

Revenue recognition on 
contracts

Recoverability of capitalised 
development costs

Recoverability of parent 
company’s debt due from 
group entities

New: The impact of 
uncertainties due to the UK 
exiting the European Union

New: Going concern

2  KeY AuDIT mATTerS: our ASSeSSmeNT oF rISKS 
oF mATerIAl mISSTATemeNT

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional 
judgment, were of most significance in the audit of the financial 
statements and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) identified by 
us, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall 
audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. We summarise 
below the key audit matters in arriving at our audit opinion 
above. These matters were addressed in the context of our 
audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion thereon and we do not provide a separate opinion on 
these matters. 

The risk

our response

The impact of uncertainties due to the 
UK exiting the European Union 
Refer to page 12-13 (principal risks), 
page 27-28 (Audit Committee Report), 
page 47-55 (accounting policy) and page 
45-85 (financial disclosures).

Unprecedented levels of uncertainty

All audits assess and challenge the 
reasonableness of estimates and related 
disclosures and the appropriateness of 
the going concern basis of preparation 
of the financial statements (see below). 
All of these depend on assessments 
of the future economic environment 
and the group’s future prospects and 
performance.

Brexit is one of the most significant 
economic events for the UK and at the 
date of this report its effects are subject 
to unprecedented levels of uncertainty of 
outcomes, with the full range of possible 
effects unknown.

We developed a standardised firm-
wide approach to the consideration of 
the uncertainties arising from Brexit in 
planning and performing our audits. Our 
procedures included:

Our Brexit knowledge 
—  We considered the directors’ 

assessment of Brexit-related sources 
of risk for the group’s business and 
financial resources compared with 
our own understanding of the risks. 
We considered the directors’ plans to 
take action to mitigate the risks.

Assessing transparency
—  We considered all of the Brexit related 
disclosures together, including those 
in the strategic report, comparing 
the overall picture against our 
understanding of the risks.

However, no audit should be expected 
to predict the unknowable factors or 
all possible future implications for a 
company and this is particularly the case 
in relation to Brexit.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   35

Revenue recognition on contracts 
ongoing at year end
(£14.5 million; 2018: £11.8 million)
Refer to page 27-28 (Audit Committee 
Report), page 48 (accounting policy) and 
page 56 (financial disclosures).

The risk

our response

Subjective estimate:

Our procedures included: 

Certain of the Group’s contracts with 
its customers involve the construction 
of complex technical equipment and 
provision of associated services that are 
not separable from the products over 
a period of more than one year. This is 
the first year that the Group is required 
to account for revenue under IFRS 15 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers. 
The Group has to make an assessment 
of the progress of each contract in order 
to determine how much revenue to 
recognise. The stage of completion is 
estimated by the Group with reference to 
costs incurred compared to total forecast 
contract costs. This requires an estimate 
of costs to complete the contract. Many 
of the contracts include new technologies 
or applications such that estimates 
of total contract costs are inherently 
judgmental.

Each contract is reviewed to identify and 
assess distinct performance obligations, 
and the transaction price allocated to 
each.

For contracts ongoing at year 
end, inaccurate identification of 
the performance obligations and/
or incorrectly concluding whether 
performance obligations have been 
satisfied could lead to material variances 
in the amounts recognised in revenue.

Inaccurate allocation of contract price to 
separate performance obligations and/
or assessment of whether revenue from 
ongoing contracts at year end should be 
recognised ‘over time’ rather than ‘point 
in time’, under the relevant accounting 
standards, could lead to material 
variances in the amounts recognised in 
revenue.

The effect of these matters is that, as part 
of our risk assessment, we determined 
that revenue recognised of £5.6 
million has a high degree of estimation 
uncertainty, with a potential range of 
reasonable outcomes greater than our 
materiality for the financial statements as 
a whole, and possibly many times that 
amount. The financial statements (note 4) 
disclose the sensitivity estimated by the 
Group

—  Accounting analysis: For selected 
contracts ongoing at year end we 
inspected the signed contracts 
to identify relevant performance 
obligations and other key information 
in order to assess whether the 
Group’s determination that contract 
revenue should be recognised 
over time or at a point in time was 
appropriate and whether amounts 
attributed to separate performance 
obligations were accurate. 

—  Test of detail – For selected 
contracts ongoing at year 
end, we inspected the signed 
contracts to identify relevant 
performance obligations and 
corroborated with reference to 
customer correspondence, other 
documentation, or Group project 
personnel interviews whether these 
obligations had been satisfied and 
revenue appropriately allocated to the 
performance obligations and reflected 
in the financial statements.

—  Historical comparisons – We 

evaluated the historical accuracy 
of the Group’s cost to complete 
estimation by comparing actual costs 
to budgeted forecasts.

—  Independent reperformance – 
We agreed costs to complete to 
detailed breakdowns and checked 
mathematical accuracy. We also 
reperformed the revenue recognition 
calculations based upon the 
percentage stage of completion to 
assess revenue recognised had been 
calculated and processed correctly.

—  Assessing transparency – We 
assessed the adequacy of the 
disclosures about the judgement 
involved in the identification of 
performance obligations and the 
classification of ongoing contracts 
at year end as over time or point in 
time under the relevant accounting 
standards.

Page   36

KromeK Group plc

Independent Auditor’s Report (Continued) 

Recoverability of capitalised 
development costs
(£15.3 million; 2018: £13.4 million)
Refer to page 27-28 (Audit Committee 
Report), page 52 (accounting policy) and 
page 64 (financial disclosures).

The risk

our response

Subjective valuation:

Our procedures included: 

The Group is developing its own 
technologies and products across various 
markets and sectors, with each project 
being at various stages of development. 
The nature of the technologies is market 
disruptive and there is no proven 
historic track record for the commercial 
success of the Group’s products. The 
ultimate recoverability therefore of costs 
capitalised is inherently subjective and 
requires a judgement as to the likely 
financial success in the market place of 
the products developed.

The estimated recoverable amount is 
subjective due to the inherent uncertainty 
involved in forecasting and discounting 
future cash flows.

The effect of these matters is that, 
as part of our risk assessment, we 
determined that the recoverable amount 
of capitalised development costs has a 
high degree of estimation uncertainty, 
with a potential range of reasonable 
outcomes greater than our materiality for 
the financial statements as a whole, and 
possibly many times that amount. The 
financial statements (note 4) disclose the 
sensitivity estimated by the Group.

—  Tests of detail – Comparing the 

sum of the forecast discounted 
cash flows relevant to the sale of 
products developed as a result of the 
development costs capitalised, and 
comparing to the carrying value of 
those assets to identify any shortfall.

—  Sensitivity analysis – We 

performed sensitivity analysis on the 
assumptions, including growth rates 
and discount rates included in the 
Group’s valuations to identify the 
breakeven point.

—  Historical comparisons – We 
compared the historic budget 
versus actual financial data in order 
to make an assessment of the 
Group’s forecasting ability given the 
reliance on future forecast revenues 
in the discounted cashflows used to 
support the carrying value.

—  Assessing transparency – We 
assessed the adequacy of the 
disclosures about the judgement 
involved in the recoverability of 
capitalised development costs.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   37

Going concern
(Refer to page 27-28 (Audit Committee 
Report), page 47-55 (accounting policy) 
and page 45-85 (financial disclosures).

Recoverability of parent company’s 
debt due from group entities
(£46.9 million; 2018: £43.0 million)
Refer to page 27-28 (Audit Committee 
Report), page 47-55 (accounting policy) 
and page 45-85 (financial disclosures).

our response

Our procedures included: 

Historical comparisons: 

—  We compared the Group’s forecasts 
to actual cash flows achieved in the 
year and in earlier years.

Sensitivity analysis: 

—  We considered sensitivities over 
the level of available financial 
resources indicated by the Group’s 
financial forecasts taking account 
of reasonably possible (but not 
unrealistic) adverse effects that could 
arise from these risks individually and 
collectively.

Assessing transparency:

—  Assessing the completeness and 
accuracy of the matters covered 
in the going concern disclosure 
with reference to our audit findings 
from the above procedures and 
our understanding of the Group’s 
business and strategies. 

The risk

Disclosure quality:

The financial statements explain how the 
Board has formed a judgement that it is 
appropriate to adopt the going concern 
basis of preparation for the group and 
parent company.

That judgement is based on an evaluation 
of the inherent risks to the Group’s and 
Company’s business model and how 
those risks might affect the Group’s and 
Company’s financial resources or ability 
to continue operations over a period of at 
least a year from the date of approval of 
the financial statements. 

The risks most likely to adversely affect 
the Group’s and Company’s available 
financial resources over this period were 
in relation to the timing and delivery 
of larger contracts which can cause 
material fluctuations in actual cash flows 
compared to those forecast.

There are also less predictable but 
realistic second order impacts, such 
as the impact of Brexit and the erosion 
of customer or supplier confidence, 
which could result in a rapid reduction of 
demand and available financial resources. 

The risk for our audit was whether or 
not those risks were such that they 
amounted to a material uncertainty that 
may have cast significant doubt about 
the ability to continue as a going concern.  
Had they been such, then that fact 
would have been required to have been 
disclosed. 

Forecast-based valuation

Our procedures included:

The carrying amount of the group debtor 
balance is significant and at risk of 
irrecoverability due to the loss-making 
position of the subsidiary companies. 
The estimated recoverable amount of 
these balances is subjective due to the 
inherent uncertainty in forecasting trading 
conditions and cash flows used in the 
budgets.

The effect of these matters is that, as part 
of our risk assessment, we determined 
that the recoverable amount of the these 
balances has a high degree of estimation 
uncertainty, with a potential range of 
reasonable outcomes greater than our 
materiality for the financial statements as 
a whole, and possibly many times that 
amount. The financial statements (note 4) 
disclose the sensitivity estimated by the 
Company. 

Benchmarking assumptions: 
Challenging the assumptions used in 
the cash flows included in the budgets 
based on our knowledge of the Group 
and the markets in which the subsidiaries 
operate; 

Historical comparisons: 
Assessing the reasonableness of the 
budgets by considering the historical 
accuracy of the previous forecasts;

Our sector experience: 
Evaluating the current level of trading, 
including identifying any indications of 
a downturn in activity, by examining the 
post year end management accounts 
and considering our knowledge of the 
Group and the market; and

Assessing transparency: 
Assessing the adequacy of the parent 
company’s disclosures in respect of the 
group debtor balance.

Page   38

KromeK Group plc

Independent Auditor’s Report (Continued)

3.     our ApplIcATIoN oF mATerIAlITY AND 
AN overvIeW oF The Scope oF our AuDIT 

Normalised Group Loss before Tax
£2,935,000 (2018: £3,580,000)

Group Materiality
£150,000 (2018: £179,000)

Materiality for the Group financial statements as 
a whole was set at £150,000 (2018: £179,000), 
determined with reference to a benchmark of group 
normalised loss before tax, normalised by averaging 
over the last four years due to fluctuations in the 
business cycle, of £2,935,000, of which it represents 
5% (2018: 5%).   

Materiality for the Parent company financial 
statements as a whole was set at £140,000 
(2018: £134,000), determined with reference to a 
benchmark of company total assets, chosen to be 
lower than materiality for the group as a whole, of 
which it represents 0.2% (2018: 0.3% of net assets). 

We agreed to report to the Audit Committee any 
corrected or uncorrected identified misstatements 
exceeding £7,500, in addition to other identified 
misstatements that warranted reporting on qualitative 
grounds. 

All of the Group’s 6 (2018: 6) reporting components, 
were subjected to full scope audits for group 
purposes.

The components within the scope of our work 
accounted for the percentages illustrated opposite.

The Group team instructed component auditors as 
to the significant areas to be covered, including the 
relevant risks detailed above and the information 
to be reported back.  The Group  team approved 
materialities ranging from £4,000 to £140,000, 
having regard to the mix of size and risk profile of 
the Group across the components.  The work on 
all components, including the audit of the parent 
company, was performed by the Group team.

£150,000
Whole financial statements 
materiality (2018: £179,000)

£140,000
Range of materiality at 6 
components (£4,000-£140,000) 
(2018: £11,000 to £134,000)

Normalised LBT

Group Materiality

£7,500
Misstatements reported to the 
audit committee (2018: £8,950)

Group revenue

Group loss before tax

0
0

100%

(2018 100%)

100
100

Group total assets

0
0

100%

(2018 100%)

100
100

0
0

100%

(2018 100%)

100
100

Full scope for group 
audit purposes 2019

Full scope for group 
audit purposes 2018

4.     We hAve NoThING To reporT oN GoING 
coNcerN     

not a guarantee that the group or the company will continue in 
operation. 

The Directors have prepared the financial statements on the 
going concern basis as they do not intend to liquidate the 
Company or the Group or to cease their operations, and as 
they have concluded that the Company’s and the Group’s 
financial position means that this is realistic. They have also 
concluded that there are no material uncertainties that could 
have cast significant doubt over their ability to continue as a 
going concern for at least a year from the date of approval of 
the financial statements (“the going concern period”).  

Our responsibility is to conclude on the appropriateness of 
the Directors’ conclusions and, had there been a material 
uncertainty related to going concern, to make reference to 
that in this audit report. However, as we cannot predict all 
future events or conditions and as subsequent events may 
result in outcomes that are inconsistent with judgements that 
were reasonable at the time they were made, the absence of 
reference to a material uncertainty in this auditor’s report is 

In our evaluation of the Directors’ conclusions, we considered 
the inherent risks to the Group’s and Company’s business 
model and analysed how those risks might affect the Group’s 
and Company’s financial resources or ability to continue 
operations over the going concern period. The risks that we 
considered most likely to adversely affect the Group’s and 
Company’s available financial resources over this period were in 
relation to the timing and delivery of larger contracts which can 
cause material fluctuations in actual cash flows compared to 
those forecast. 

As these were risks that could potentially cast significant doubt 
on the Group’s and the Company’s ability to continue as a 
going concern, we considered sensitivities over the level of 
available financial resources indicated by the Group’s financial 
forecasts taking account of reasonably possible (but not 
unrealistic) adverse effects that could arise from these risks 
individually and collectively and evaluated the achievability of 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   39

the actions the Directors consider they would take to improve 
the position should the risks materialise. We also considered 
less predictable but realistic second order impacts, such as 
the impact of Brexit and the erosion of customer or supplier 
confidence, which could result in a rapid reduction of available 
financial resources. 

Based on this work, we are required to report to you if we 
have concluded that the use of the going concern basis of 
accounting is inappropriate or there is an undisclosed material 
uncertainty that may cast significant doubt over the use of that 
basis for a period of at least a year from the date of approval of 
the financial statements.  

5.     We hAve NoThING To reporT oN The oTher 
INFormATIoN IN The ANNuAl reporT  

The directors are responsible for the other information 
presented in the Annual Report together with the financial 
statements.  Our opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, accordingly, we do not express 
an audit opinion or, except as explicitly stated below, any form 
of assurance conclusion thereon.  

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing so, consider whether, based on our financial statements 
audit work, the information therein is materially misstated 
or inconsistent with the financial statements or our audit 
knowledge.  Based solely on that work we have not identified 
material misstatements in the other information. 

Strategic report and directors’ report 
Based solely on our work on the other information:
—  we have not identified material misstatements in the 

strategic report and the directors’ report;  

—  in our opinion the information given in those reports for the 

financial year is consistent with the financial statements; and  

—  in our opinion those reports have been prepared in 

accordance with the Companies Act 2006.

6.     We hAve NoThING To reporT oN The oTher 
mATTerS oN WhIch We Are requIreD To reporT 
BY excepTIoN  

Under the Companies Act 2006, we are required to report to 
you if, in our opinion: 
—  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the 

parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not 
been received from branches not visited by us; or  
—  the parent Company financial statements are not in 

agreement with the accounting records and returns; or  
—  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by 

law are not made; or  

—  we have not received all the information and explanations 

we require for our audit. 

We have nothing to report in these respects.  

7.    reSpecTIve reSpoNSIBIlITIeS

Directors’ responsibilities   
As explained more fully in their statement set out on page 
22-23, the directors are responsible for: the preparation of the 
financial statements including being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view; such internal control as they determine is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements 
that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud 
or error; assessing the Group and parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters 
related to going concern; and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or 
the parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic 
alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to 
issue our opinion in an auditor’s report.  Reasonable assurance 
is a high level of assurance, but does not guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect 
a material misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or 
in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of the 
financial statements.  

A fuller description of our responsibilities is provided on the 
FRC’s website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.    

8.    The purpoSe oF our AuDIT WorK AND To 
Whom We oWe our reSpoNSIBIlITIeS 

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, 
as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so 
that we might state to the Company’s members those matters 
we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for 
no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we 
do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than 
the Company and the Company’s members, as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

David mitchell
(Senior Statutory Auditor)  
for and on behalf of KPMG LLP, Statutory Auditor  
Chartered Accountants  
Quayside House
110 Quayside 
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 3DX
26 June 2019

Page   40

KromeK Group plc

Consolidated income statement

For the year ended 30 April 2019

continuing operations

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Other operating income

Distribution costs

Administrative expenses

operating loss

Finance income

Finance costs

loss before tax

Tax

loss for the year from continuing operations

Loss per share

- basic (p)

- diluted (p)

Note

5

5

9

10

6

11

13

2019
£’000

14,517

(6,208)

8,309

-

(184)

(9,031)

(906)

155

(519)

2018
£’000

11,845

(5,161)

6,684

-

(214)

(8,811)

(2,341)

35

(227)

(1,270)

(2,533)

987

1,429

(283)

(1,104)

(0.1)

(0.1)

(0.4)

(0.4)

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   41

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

loss for the year

Items that are or may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:

For the year ended 30 April 2019

2019
£’000

(283)

2018
£’000

(1,104)

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

1,218

(1,026)

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year

935

(2,130)

Page   42

KromeK Group plc

Consolidated statement of financial position

As at 30 April 2019

Non-current assets

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Investments – long-term cash deposits

Property, plant and equipment

Right-of-use asset

current assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Current tax assets

Cash and bank balances

Total assets

current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Borrowings

Provisions for liabilities

Lease obligation

Net current assets 

Non-current liabilities

Lease obligation

Loans

Total liabilities

Net assets

equity

Share capital

Share premium account

Merger reserve

Translation reserve

Accumulated losses

Total equity

Note

14

15

16

17

19

21

21

23

26

25

24

24

26

28

29

30

31

2019
£’000

1,275

18,165

1,250

6,252

3,975

30,917

3,227

19,997

987

20,616

44,827

75,744

(4,884)

(3,133)

-

(273)

(8,290)

36,537

(3,938)

(2,313)

(6,251)

(14,541)

61,203

3,446

61,600

21,853

949

(26,645)

61,203

2018
£’000

1,275

16,555

1,250

3,097

-

22,177

3,014

11,334

1,167

9,488

25,003

47,180

(3,500)

(3,000)

(424)

-

(6,924)

18,079

-

-

-

(6,924)

40,256

2,604

42,625

21,853

(269)

(26,557)

40,256

The financial statements of Kromek Group plc (registered number 08661469) were approved by the Board of Directors and 
authorised for issue on 26 June 2019.  They were signed on its behalf by

Dr Arnab Basu mBe
Chief Executive Officer

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   43

Consolidated statement of changes in equity

For the year ended 30 April 2019

Share capital
£’000

Share 
premium
account
£’000

merger
 reserve
£’000

Translation 
reserve
£’000

Accumulated 
income/
(losses) 
£’000

Total 
equity
            £’000

Balance at 1 may 2017

2,591

42,592

21,853

757

(25,584)

42,209

Loss for the year

Exchange difference on translation of 
foreign operations

Total comprehensive losses for the 
year

Issue of share capital net of expenses

Credit to equity for equity-settled share 
based payments

-

-

-

13

-

-

-

-

33

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1,104)

(1,104)

(1,026)

-

(1,026)

(1,026)

(1,104)

(2,130)

-

-

-

131

46

131

Balance at 30 April 2018

2,604

42,625

21,853

(269)

(26,557)

40,256

IFrS 15 adjustment

Loss for the year

Exchange difference on translation of 
foreign operations

Total comprehensive income/(losses) 
for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Issue of share capital net of expenses

842

18,975

Credit to equity for equity-settled share 
based payments

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,218

-

-

(283)

-

(283)

1,218

1,218

(283)

935

-

-

-

19,817

195

195

Balance at 30 April 2019

3,446

61,600

21,853

949

(26,645)

61,203

Page   44

KromeK Group plc

Consolidated statement of cash flows

For the year ended 30 April 2019

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing activities

Investment into Money Market account

Interest received

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Purchases of patents and trademarks

Capitalisation of development costs

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities

Net proceeds on issue of shares

New loans and borrowings

Payment of loan and borrowings

Payment of lease liability

Interest paid

Net cash generated from/(used in) financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes

cash and cash equivalents at end of year

Note

32

2019 
£’000

2018 
£’000

(4,777)

(4,613)

-

155

(3,644)

(210)

(2,731)

(6,430)

19,817

2,557

(111)

(486)

(293)

21,484

10,277

9,488

851

20,616

(1,250)

35

(272)

(641)

(3,450)

(5,578)

46

-

-

(227)

(181)

(10,372)

20,343

(483)

9,488

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   45

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the year ended 30 April 2019

GeNerAl INFormATIoN

1. 
Kromek  Group  plc  is  a  company  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  the  United  Kingdom  under  the  Companies  Act.  These  financial 
statements are presented in pounds sterling because that is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group 
operates. Foreign operations are included in accordance with the policies set out in note 3.

The  Group’s  financial  information  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as 
adopted by the European Union (“EU”) and on a basis consistent with that adopted in the previous year. 

ADopTIoN oF NeW AND revISeD STANDArDS

2. 
Adoption of New and revised Standards
The accounting policies used in this financial report are consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards. However, new 
accounting standards have been adopted as described below: 

IFrS 15 revenue from contracts with customers (effective for year ends beginning on or after 1 January 2018)

The new accounting standard IFRS 15 sets out a single and comprehensive framework for revenue recognition. The guidance 
in IFRS 15 is more detailed than previous IFRSs for revenue recognition (IAS 11 Construction Contracts and IAS 18 Revenue 
and associated interpretations).

The Group has adopted IFRS 15 from 1 May 2018 and has chosen to apply the cumulative effect approach. As a result, the 
Group is required to restate its opening equity position as at 1 May 2018 to reflect the impact of transitioning to IFRS 15.  
However, when transitioning to IFRS 15, on 1 May 2018, there has been a zero impact on its opening equity position.

In  line  with  the  requirements  of  the  standard  in  regard  to  the  transition  option  adopted,  the  Group  has  not  restated  its 
comparative  information  which  continues  to  be  reported  under  previous  revenue  standards,  IAS  11  and  IAS  18.  As  noted 
below, the financial impact of this is zero.

Impact of the adoption of IFrS 15

Retained earnings as previously reported

Adjustment to earnings from adoption of IFRS 15 – profit before tax

Adjustment to earnings from adoption of IFRS 15 – deferred tax

retained earnings on adoption of IFrS 15 – 1 may 2018

Impact on the result for the year ended 30 April 2019

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Distribution costs

Administration expenses

operating loss

Finance income

Finance costs

loss before tax

Tax

loss for the year from continuing operations

As reported 
1 may 2018
£’000

(26,557)

-

-

(26,557)

Result before 
adoption
of IFRS 15
£’000

Impact of 
change 
in GAAP
£’000

Result after 
adoption
 of IFRS 15
£’000 

14,517

(6,208)

8,309

(184)

(9,031)

(906)

155

(519)

(1,270)

987

(283)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

14,517

(6,208)

8,309

(184)

(9,031)

(906)

155

(519)

(1,270)

987

(283)

Page   46

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

ADopTIoN oF NeW AND revISeD STANDArDS (coNTINueD)

2. 
Impact of the adoption of IFrS 15 (continued)
Revenue before the adoption of IFRS 15 was accounted for under IAS 11 and IAS 18.

An assessment of the impact of IFRS 15 was completed during the year across the Group’s revenue streams, including a comprehensive 
review of contracts that were not completed at the date of initial application.

This review ascertained that under IFRS 15 all revenue that had been recognised in previous accounting periods up to and including 
30  April  2018  under  the  former  revenue  standards  of  IAS  11  and  IAS  18  are  consistent  with  how  the  revenue  would  have  been 
recognised under IFRS 15 should this standard have been applied retrospectively to the same period.

In addition to this, IFRS 15 has not impacted the revenue and profit recognition of contracts commencing during the year which were 
incomplete at 30 April 2019. The revenue from contracts that were formerly assessed under IAS 11 have been accounted for under 
IFRS 15 as “over time” and, revenue from contracts that were formerly assessed under IAS 18 have been accounted for under IFRS 
15 as “point in time”.

A summary of the new accounting policies and the nature of the changes to previous accounting policies in relation to the revenues 
derived from the Group’s various goods and services are set out below:

Type of product or 
service

Revenue from the sale 
of radiation detection 
equipment

Revenue from construction 
contracts and grants

Nature, timing and satisfaction of performance obligations 
and significant payment terms

Nature, timing and satisfaction 
of performance

No material impact on adoption of 
IFRS 15.

No material impact on adoption of 
IFRS 15.

Revenue from the sale of radiation detection equipment is recognised 
at a point in time on despatch unless the customer specifically 
requests deferred delivery. For deliveries deferred, at the customer’s 
request, revenues are recognised at a point in time when the 
customer takes title of the goods provided that it is probable that 
delivery will be made, the goods are identifiable and ready for delivery 
and usual payment terms apply.

Construction contracts comprise contracts specifically negotiated for 
the construction and design, development and delivery of specific 
radiation equipment to a particular customer.

The transaction price of the contract is known from inception of the 
contract.

Each contract is reviewed to identify the number of distinct 
performance obligations and the transaction price is assigned 
accordingly, usually by the value of work performed on an input cost 
basis. Based on the performance of the contract to date, revenue is 
recognised over time.

If relevant, an expected loss on a contract is recognised immediately 
in the income statement. 

In  order  to  demonstrate  a  consistent  revenue  recognition  of  IFRS  15  compared  to  IAS  18  and  IAS  11,  the  timing  of  the  Group’s 
revenue recognition can be disaggregated in 2018/19 and 2017/18 as follows:

Product and services transferred at a point in time – IFRS 15 (2018: IAS 18)

Products and services transferred over time – IFRS 15 (2018: IAS 11)

2019 
£’000

8,952

5,565

2018 
£’000

6,035

5,810

14,517

11,845

IFrS 16 leases 
The Group has early adopted IFRS 16 Leases using the modified retrospective approach. Leases are initially recorded on the statement 
of financial position whereby the right of use (“ROU”) asset is measured at an amount equal to the current outstanding lease liability. 
Under this methodology, the comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under IAS 17 and IFRIC 4.

The Group recognises a ROU asset and a lease liability at the transition date (1 May 2018). Leases subject to IFRS 16 are recorded 
on the balance sheet, showing a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability. The lease liability is initially measured at the present 
value of future lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the relevant incremental borrowing 
rate in line with the standard.  

The ROU asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of 
the useful life of the ROU or the end of the lease term. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   47

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

2. 

ADopTIoN oF NeW AND revISeD STANDArDS (coNTINueD) 

IFrS 16 leases (continued)
The standard allows two options for adoption – fully retrospective and modified retrospective. The Group has elected to take the 
modified retrospective approach. As a result of this the Group has: 

- 

- 

recognised a lease liability at 1 May 2018 for leases previously classified as operating leases applying IAS 17. The Group has 
measured lease liabilities at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing 
rate at the date of initial application; 

recognised a right-of-use asset at 1 May 2018 for leases previously classified as operating leases applying IAS 17. The Group 
has chosen to measure right-of-use assets at an amount equal to the lease liabilities, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or 
accrued lease payments relating to those leases recognised in the statement of financial position as at 30 April 2018; and 

-  2018 comparatives are left unchanged, and any opening adjustment to net assets was recognised on 1 May 2018.

The Group has also applied the low value and short-term expedients. 

All these leases adopted under IFRS 16 relate to property rentals; no other material leases that are above the expedient threshold are 
required for IFRS 16 treatment.

As  noted  above,  no  comparatives  are  given  for  the  adoption  of  IFRS  16.  The  Group  has  calculated  that  the  right-of-use  asset 
recognised and corresponding liability as at 1 May 2018 is £1.3m.

The impact on adoption within the results reported as continued operations for the year ended 30 April 2019 is as follows: 
-  Finance costs have increased by £226k;
-  Depreciation expense has increased by £334k due to the depreciation of the right-of-use asset;
-  EPS has not changed; and
-  Adjusted EBITDA has improved by £0.5m due to the reduction of rental expense. 

IFrS 9 Financial Instruments
The Group has adopted IFRS 9 Financial Instruments which is mandatory for years commencing on or after 1 January 2018. The 
Group does not believe that the new classification requirements have a material impact on its accounting for financial assets, financial 
liabilities, loans, investments in debt securities that are all managed on a fair value basis. 

At the end of each reporting period, financial instruments are assessed for impairment. Any impairment charge is recognised in the 
profit and loss account.

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS

Basis of preparation 
The Group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the 
European Union (“IFRSs”) and IFRIC interpretations. 

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis modified for assets recognised at fair value on acquisition. 
Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for the assets. The principal accounting 
policies adopted are set out below.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results and net assets of the Group and entities controlled by the Group (its 
subsidiaries) made up to 30 April each year. Control is achieved where the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating 
policies of an investee entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.

The  results  of  subsidiaries  acquired  during  the  year  are  included  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  from  the  effective  date  of 
acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. Where necessary, adjustments are made to results of subsidiaries 
to  bring  the  accounting  policies  used  into  line  with  those  used  by  the  Group.  All  intra-group  transactions,  balances,  income  and 
expenses, and profits are eliminated on consolidation.

Going concern
As at 30 April 2019, the Group had net assets of £61.2m (2018: £40.3m) and cash and cash equivalents of £20.6m (2018: £9.5m) 
including £3m (2018: £3m) drawn down on the Group’s Revolving Credit Facility as set out in the consolidated statement of financial 
position. The Directors have prepared detailed forecasts of the Group’s financial performance over the next five years. As a result 
of  this  review,  which  incorporated  sensitivities  and  risk  analysis,  the  Directors  believe  that  the  Group  has  sufficient  resources  and 
working capital to meet their present and foreseeable obligations for a period of at least twelve months from approval of these financial 
statements. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Group financial statements.

Business combinations 
The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiary undertakings. Subsidiaries are entities controlled 
by the Group. Control exists when the Group has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an 
entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible 
are taken into account. The financial information of subsidiaries is included from the date that control commences until the date that

Page   48

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Business combinations (continued)
control ceases. Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, 
are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial information. 

Acquisitions on or after 1 may 2010
For acquisitions on or after 1 May 2010, the Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as:
•	
•	
•	
•	

the	fair	value	of	the	consideration	transferred;	plus
the	recognised	amount	of	any	non-controlling	interests	in	the	acquiree;	plus
the	fair	value	of	the	existing	equity	interest	in	the	acquiree;	less
the	net	recognised	amount	(generally	fair	value)	of	the	identifiable	assets	acquired	and	liabilities	assumed.

When the excess is negative, the negative goodwill is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Costs related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill
Goodwill arising in a business combination is recognised as an asset at the date that control is acquired (the acquisition date). Goodwill 
is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and 
the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest (if any) in the entity over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the 
identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

If, after reassessment, the Group’s interest in the fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets exceeds the sum of the consideration 
transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest 
in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognised immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.

Goodwill is not amortised but is reviewed for impairment at least annually. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated 
to each of the Group’s cash-generating units expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Cash-generating units to 
which goodwill has been allocated are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may 
be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is 
allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on 
the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent 
period.

On disposal of a subsidiary, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

contracts with customers – accounting policies applied since 1 may 2018 
The Group has adopted IFRS 15 retrospectively from 1 May 2018 in accordance with paragraph C3(a) and has chosen to apply the 
cumulative effect approach. As a result, the Group has restated its opening equity position as at 1 May 2018 to reflect the impact of 
transitioning to IFRS 15. Comparatives for the year ended 30 April 2018 have not been restated. 

The following expedients have been used in accordance with paragraph C5: 
–   revenue in respect of completed contracts that begin and end in the same accounting period has not been restated; 
–   revenue in respect of completed contracts with variable consideration reflects the transaction price at the date the contracts 

were completed; and 

–   in the financial statements for the year ending 30 April 2019, the comparative information for the year ending 30 April 2018 will 
not disclose the amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations or an explanation of when 
the Group expects to recognise that amount as revenue. 

Following the adoption of IFRS 15, the Group’s accounting policy in respect of revenue is as follows: 

Revenue represents income derived from contracts for the provision of goods and services by the Group to customers in exchange 
for consideration in the ordinary course of the Group’s activities. 

Performance obligations 
Upon approval by the parties to a contract, the contract is assessed to identify each promise to transfer either a distinct good or 
service or a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. 
Goods and services are distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations in the contract if the customer can benefit 
from them either on their own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and they are separately 
identifiable in the contract. 

Transaction price 
At the start of the contract, the total transaction price is estimated as the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be 
entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods and services to the customer, excluding sales taxes. Variable consideration, 
such as price escalation, is included based on the expected value or most likely amount only to the extent that it is highly probable 
that there will not be a reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised. The transaction price does not include estimates of 
consideration resulting from contract modifications, such as change orders, until they have been approved by the parties to the 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   49

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Transaction price (continued)
contract. The total transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations identified in the contract in proportion to their relative 
stand-alone  selling  prices.  Given  the  bespoke  nature  of  many  of  the  Group’s  products  and  services,  which  are  designed  and/or 
manufactured  under  contract  to  the  customer’s  individual  specifications,  there  are  sometimes  no  observable  stand-alone  selling 
prices. Instead, stand-alone selling prices are typically estimated based on expected costs plus contract margin consistent with the 
Group’s pricing principles. 

Revenue and profit recognition 
Revenue is recognised as performance obligations are satisfied as control of the goods and services is transferred to the customer.

For each performance obligation within a contract, the Group determines whether it is satisfied over time or at a point in time. The 
Group has determined that the performance obligations of the majority of its contracts are satisfied at a point in time. Performance 
obligations are satisfied over time if one of the following criteria is satisfied: 
–   the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Group’s performance as it performs; 
–   the Group’s performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced; or
–   the Group’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Group and it has an enforceable right to payment 

for performance completed to date.

For each performance obligation to be recognised over time, the Group recognises revenue using an input method, based on costs 
incurred  in  the  period.  Revenue  and  attributable  margin  are  calculated  by  reference  to  reliable  estimates  of  transaction  price  and 
total expected costs, after making suitable allowances for technical and other risks. Revenue and associated margin are therefore 
recognised  progressively  as  costs  are  incurred,  and  as  risks  have  been  mitigated  or  retired.  The  Group  has  determined  that  this 
method faithfully depicts the Group’s performance in transferring control of the goods and services to the customer. 

If the over-time criteria for revenue recognition are not met, revenue is recognised at the point in time that control is transferred to the 
customer, which is usually when legal title passes to the customer and the business has the right to payment, for example, on delivery. 

The Group’s contracts that satisfy the over time criteria are typically product development contracts where the customer simultaneously 
receives and consumed the benefit provided by the Groups performance. 

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised immediately as an 
expense.

Contract modifications
The Group’s contracts are sometimes amended for changes in customers’ requirements and specifications. A contract modification 
exists when the parties to the contract approve a modification that either changes existing or creates new enforceable rights and 
obligations. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and the Group’s measure of progress towards the satisfaction 
of the performance obligation to which it relates is recognised in one of the following ways: 
(a)   prospectively as an additional, separate contract; 
(b)   prospectively as a termination of the existing contract and creation of a new contract; or
(c)   as part of the original contract using a cumulative catch up. 

The majority of the Group’s contract modifications are treated under either (a) (for example, the requirement for additional distinct 
goods or services) or (c) (for example, a change in the specification of the distinct goods or services for a partially completed contract), 
although the facts and circumstances of any contract modification are considered individually as the types of modifications will vary 
contract-by-contract and may result in different accounting outcomes.

Costs to obtain a contract
 The Group expenses pre-contract bidding costs which are incurred regardless of whether a contract is awarded. The Group does not 
typically incur costs to obtain contracts that it would not have incurred had the contracts not been awarded.

Costs to fulfil a contract 
Contract fulfilment costs in respect of over time contracts are expensed as incurred. No such costs have been incurred in current or 
previous years. Contract fulfilment costs in respect of point in time contracts are accounted for under IAS 2 Inventories. 

Inventories
Inventories include raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods recognised in accordance with IAS 2 in respect of contracts 
with customers which have been determined to fulfil the criteria for point in time revenue recognition under IFRS 15. It also includes 
inventories for which the Group does not have a contract. This is often because fulfilment costs have been incurred in expectation of a 
contract award. The Group does not typically build inventory to stock. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, including all relevant 
overhead.

Contract receivables 
Contract receivables represent amounts for which the Group has an unconditional right to consideration in respect of unbilled revenue 
recognised at the balance sheet date and comprises costs incurred plus attributable margin. 

Page   50

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Contract liabilities 
Contract liabilities represent the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which consideration has been received, or 
consideration is due, from the customer. 

leases
The Group has applied IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective approach and therefore the comparative information has not been 
restated and continues to be reported under IAS 17 and IFRIC 4. 

The Group recognised a ROU asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, 
which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, 
plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying 
asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. 

The ROU asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of 
the useful life of the ROU or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of the ROU assets are determined on the same basis 
as those of property and equipment. In addition, the ROU is periodically reduced by impairment loses, if any, and adjusted for certain 
remeasurements of the lease liability. 

The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments  that  are  not  paid  at  the  commencement  date, 
discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group’s incremental borrowing 
rate. 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed payments.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future 
lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group’s estimate of the amount expected to be 
payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or 
termination option. 

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the ROU asset, or is 
recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the ROU has been reduced to zero.

The Group has elected not to recognise ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases of machinery that have a lease term of 
12 months or less and leases of low value assets, including IT equipment. The Group recognises the lease payments associated with 
these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 

Foreign currencies 
The individual results of each Group company are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates 
(its functional currency). For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each Group 
company are expressed in pound sterling, which is the functional currency of the Company, and the presentation currency for the 
consolidated financial statements. The Directors have applied IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates and have 
come to the conclusion that the inter-company loans held by Kromek Limited, substantially form part of the net investment in Kromek 
USA, and so any gain or loss arising on the inter-company loan balances are recognised as other comprehensive income in the period.

In  preparing  the  results  of  the  individual  companies,  transactions  in  currencies  other  than  the  entity’s  functional  currency  (foreign 
currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At each statement of financial position 
date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. 
Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at the date 
when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not 
retranslated.

Exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

For  the  purpose  of  presenting  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  Group’s  foreign  operations  are 
translated at exchange rates prevailing on the statement of financial position date. Income and expense items are translated at the 
average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange 
rates at the date of transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognised in other comprehensive income and 
accumulated in equity. 

On  consolidation,  the  results  of  overseas  operations  are  translated  into  Sterling  at  rates  approximating  to  those  ruling  when  the 
transactions  took  place.  All  assets  and  liabilities  of  overseas  operations,  including  goodwill  arising  on  the  acquisition  of  those 
operations, are translated at the rate ruling at the statement of financial position date. Exchange differences arising on translating the 
opening net assets at opening rate and the results of overseas operations at actual rate are recognised directly in other comprehensive 
income and are credited/(debited) to the retranslation reserve.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   51

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Government grants
Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to 
them and that the grants will be received.

Government grants towards job creation and growth (RGF) costs are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them 
with the related costs of creating those jobs.

operating result
Operating loss is stated as loss before tax, finance income and costs.

retirement benefit costs 
The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme for employees.

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due. For these schemes the 
assets of the schemes are held separately from those of the Group in independently administered funds. Payments made to state-
managed  retirement  benefit  schemes  are  dealt  with  as  payments  to  defined  contribution  schemes  where  the  Group’s  obligations 
under the schemes are equivalent to those arising in a defined contribution retirement benefit scheme.

Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement except 
to  the  extent  that  it  relates  to  items  recognised  directly  in  equity,  in  which  case  it  is  recognised  in  equity.  The  R&D  tax  credit  is 
calculated using the current rules as set out by HMRC and is recognised in the income statement during the period in which the R&D 
programmes occurred. 

i)     current tax
The  tax  credit  is  based  on  taxable  loss  for  the  year.  Taxable  loss  differs  from  net  loss  as  reported  in  the  income  statement 
because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that 
are  never  taxable  or  deductible.  The  Group’s  liability  for  current  tax  is  calculated  using  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively enacted by the statement of financial position date.

ii)    Deferred tax
Deferred  tax  is  the  tax  expected  to  be  payable  or  recoverable  on  differences  between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position  and  the  corresponding  tax  bases  used  in  the  computation  of 
taxable profit, and is accounted for using the statement of financial position liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally 
recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that 
taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not 
recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in 
a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting 
profit.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, 
and  interests  in  joint  ventures,  except  where  the  Group  is  able  to  control  the  reversal  of  the  temporary  difference  and  it  is 
probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each statement of financial position date and reduced to the extent 
that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is 
realised based on tax laws and rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the statement of financial position 
date. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited in other 
comprehensive income, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in other comprehensive income. Deferred tax assets 
and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and 
when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Group intends to settle its current tax assets and 
liabilities on a net basis.

property, plant and equipment
Fixtures and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognised impairment loss.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets (other than land and properties under construction) less 
their residual values over their useful lives, using the straight-line method, on the following bases:

Plant and machinery 

Fixtures, fittings and equipment 

Computer equipment 

6% to 25%

15%

25%

The gain or loss arising on the disposal or scrappage of an asset is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the 
carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in income.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page   52

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Internally-generated intangible assets – research and development expenditure
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.

An  internally-generated  intangible  asset  arising  from  the  Group’s  product  development  is  recognised  only  if  all  of  the  following 
conditions are met:

•	

•	

•	

the	technical	feasibility	of	completing	the	intangible	asset	so	that	it	will	be	available	for	use	or	sale;

its	intention	to	complete	the	intangible	asset	and	use	or	sell	it;

its	ability	to	use	or	sell	the	intangible	asset;	

•	 how	the	intangible	asset	will	generate	probable	future	economic	benefits.	Among	other	things,	the	entity	can	demonstrate	

the existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself or, if it is to be used internally, the 
usefulness of the intangible asset;

•	

the	availability	of	adequate	technical,	financial	and	other	resources	to	complete	the	development	and	to	use	or	sell	the	intangible	
asset; and

•	

its	ability	to	measure	reliably	the	expenditure	attributable	to	the	intangible	asset	during	its	development.

Research expenditure is written off as incurred. Development expenditure is also written off, except where the Directors are satisfied 
as to the technical, commercial and financial viability of individual projects. In such cases, the identifiable expenditure is deferred and 
amortised over the period during which the Group is expected to benefit. This period normally equates to the life of the products the 
development expenditure relates to. Where expenditure relates to developments for use rather than direct sales of product the cost is 
amortised straight-line over a 2-15-year period. Provision is made for any impairment.

Amortisation of the intangible assets recognised on the acquisitions of NOVA R&D, Inc. and eV Products, Inc. are recognised in the 
income statement on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of between five and fifteen years.

patents and trademarks
Patents and trademarks are measured initially at purchase cost and are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful 
lives. 

Impairment of tangible and intangible assets excluding goodwill
At each statement of financial position date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine 
whether  there  is  any  indication  that  those  assets  have  suffered  an  impairment  loss.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  the  recoverable 
amount of the asset is estimated to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where the asset does not generate cash flows 
that are independent from other assets, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the 
asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual 
CGUs, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of CGUs for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be 
identified. 

An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is tested for impairment at least annually and whenever there is an indication that the 
asset may be impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows are discounted to their present value using a post-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or 
CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is 
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is increased to the revised estimate 
of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been 
determined  had  no  impairment  loss  been  recognised  for  the  asset  (or  CGU)  in  prior  years.  A  reversal  of  an  impairment  loss  is 
recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the 
impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs comprise direct materials and, where applicable, direct 
labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is 
calculated in the statement of financial position at standard cost, which approximates to historical cost determined on a first in, first 
out basis. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred 
in marketing, selling and distribution. Work in progress costs are taken as production costs, which include an appropriate proportion 
of attributable overheads. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   53

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Inventories (continued)
Provision is made for obsolete, slow moving or defective items where appropriate. Items which have not shown activity for between 
12-18 months will be provided for at a rate of 50%, and those which have not shown activity in 18 months or longer will be provided 
for at a rate of 100% after consideration is given to the full or residual value where appropriate. Given the nature of the products and 
the gestation period of the technology, commercial rationale necessitates that this provision is reviewed on a case by case basis.

provisions for liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is more likely than 
not that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and the amount can be reliably estimated. Such provisions 
are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the 
balance sheet date. The discount rate used to determine the present value reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

Financial instruments

(i)     recognition and initial measurement 

Trade receivables are initially recognised when they are originated. All other financial assets and financial liabilities are initially 
recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) or financial liability is initially measured 
at fair value plus, for an item not at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable 
to its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction 
price.

(ii)     classification and subsequent measurement

Financial assets 
(a)     Classification 
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at: amortised cost; Fair Value through Other Comprehensive 
Income (FVOCI) – debt investment; FVOCI – equity investment; or FVTPL. 

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Company changes its business model for 
managing financial assets in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period 
following the change in the business model. 

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions: 
•			It	is	held	within	a	business	model	whose	objective	is	to	hold	assets	to	collect	contractual	cash	flows;	and
•			Its	contractual	terms	give	rise	on	specified	dates	to	cash	flows	that	are	solely	payments	of	principal	and	interest	on	the	

principal amount outstanding.

On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Group may irrevocably elect to present subsequent 
changes in the investment’s fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis. 

All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. 

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less impairment.

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits.

(b)     Subsequent measurement and gains and losses 
Financial assets at FVTPL – these assets (other than derivatives designated as hedging instruments) are subsequently measured 
at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognised in profit or loss. 

Financial assets at amortised cost – these assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method.  The  amortised  cost  is  reduced  by  impairment  losses.  Interest  income,  foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  and 
impairment are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognised in profit or loss.

Financial liabilities and equity 
Financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet the following two conditions: 

(a)  They include no contractual obligations upon the Group to deliver cash or other financial assets or to exchange financial 
assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Group; and

(b)  Where the instrument will or may be settled in the Group’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that 
includes no obligation to deliver a variable number of the Group’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled 
by the Group exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments.

Page   54

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Financial liabilities and equity (continued)
To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability. Where the instrument so 
classified takes the legal form of the Group’s own shares, the amounts presented in these financial statements for called up 
share capital and share premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares. 

Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is 
classified as held for trading, it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are 
measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognised in profit or loss. Other financial 
liabilities  are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method.  Interest  expense  and  foreign 
exchange gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss. 

Where a financial instrument that contains both equity and financial liability components exists these components are separated 
and accounted for individually under the above policy.

Intra-group financial instruments 
Where the Group enters into financial guarantee contracts to guarantee the indebtedness of other companies within its Group, 
the Group considers these to be insurance arrangements and accounts for them as such. In this respect, the Group treats the 
guarantee contract as a contingent liability until such time as it becomes probable that the Group will be required to make a 
payment under the guarantee.

(iii)     Impairment 

The Group recognises loss allowances for expected credit losses (ECLs) on financial assets measured at amortised cost, debt 
investments measured at FVOCI and contract assets (as defined in IFRS 15). 

The Group measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECL, except for other debt securities and bank balances 
for  which  credit  risk  (i.e.  the  risk  of  default  occurring  over  the  expected  life  of  the  financial  instrument)  has  not  increased 
significantly since initial recognition, which are measured as twelve-month ECL. 

Loss allowances for trade receivables and contract assets are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. When 
determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating 
ECL, the Group considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. 
This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the Company’s historical experience and 
informed credit assessment and including forward-looking information.

The Group assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than 30 days past due.

 The Group considers a financial asset to be in default when: 
•				The	borrower	is	unlikely	to	pay	its	credit	obligations	to	the	Group	in	full,	without	recourse	by	the	Group	to	actions	such	as	
realising security (if any is held); or
•				The	financial	asset	is	more	than	90	days	past	due.	

Lifetime ECLs are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. 

Twelve-month ECLs are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible within twelve months after the 
reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than twelve months). 

The maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Group is exposed 
to credit risk. 

measurement of ecls 
ECLs are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfalls 
(i.e. the difference between the cash flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Group 
expects to receive). ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset. 

credit-impaired financial assets 
At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost and debt securities at FVOCI are 
credit impaired. A financial asset is “credit impaired” when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated 
future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred.

Write-offs 
The  gross  carrying  amount  of  a  financial  asset  is  written  off  (either  partially  or  in  full)  to  the  extent  that  there  is  no  realistic 
prospect of recovery.

Share-based payments
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the 
equity instruments at the grant date and spread over the period during which the employees become unconditionally 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   55

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

3. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS (COnTInuED)

Share-based payments (continued)
entitled  to  the  options,  which  is  based  on  a  period  of  employment  of  three  years  from  grant  date.  Details  regarding  the 
determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in note 34.

The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis 
over  the  vesting  period,  based  on  the  Group’s  estimate  of  equity  instruments  that  will  eventually  vest.  The  vesting  date  is 
determined based on the date an employee is granted options, usually three years from date of grant. At each statement of 
financial position date, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest as a result of the 
effect of non-market-based vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit 
or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to equity reserves.

cash
Cash,  for  the  purposes  of  the  statement  of  cash  flows,  comprises  cash  in  hand  and  deposits  repayable  on  demand,  less 
overdrafts repayable on demand.

4. 

crITIcAl AccouNTING JuDGemeNTS AND KeY SourceS oF eSTImATIoN uNcerTAINTY

In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, which are described in note 3, the Directors are required to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The 
estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual 
results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in 
the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the 
revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical judgements in applying the Group’s accounting policies
The following are the critical judgements that the Directors have made in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies and 
that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements.

Development costs

As described in note 3, the Group expenditure on development activities is capitalised if it meets the criteria as per IAS 38. Management 
have exercised and applied judgement when determining the useful economic life of development cost families. If the amortisation rate 
of the SPECT and D3S development family were to be reduced to 10 and 5 years respectively, the amortisation charge for the year 
would be £0.6m higher. Initial capitalisation of costs is based on management’s judgement that technological and economic feasibility 
is assessed, usually when a product development project has reached a defined milestone.

The recoverability of the development costs are assessed on an annual basis using the latest forecasts and management expectations 
regarding the markets in which the Group operates in. Where the recoverable amount is deemed less than the currently carrying value 
of the development cost a provision is made for any impairment. Where no internally-generated intangible asset can be recognised, 
development expenditure is expensed in the period in which it is incurred. 

performance obligations arising from customer contracts 

As described in notes 2 and 3, the Group recognises revenue as performance obligations are satisfied when control of the goods 
and services is transferred to the customer. Management have exercised and applied judgment in determining what the performance 
obligation is and whether they are satisfied over time or at a point in time. In applying this judgement, management consider the nature 
of the overall contract deliverable, legal form of the contract and economic resource required for the performance obligation to be 
satisfied. 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the statement of financial position date, 
that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial 
year are discussed below.

i)     Development costs
As disclosed in note 16, Development costs are capitalised in accordance with the accounting policy noted above. These 
capitalised assets are amortised over the period during which the Group is expected to benefit. This period normally equates 
to the life of the products the development expenditure relates to. Where expenditure relates to developments for use rather 
than direct sales of product the cost is amortised over a 15-year period. 

ii)     contract revenue
This policy requires forecasts to be made of the outcomes of long-term contracts, which include assessments and judge-
ments on changes in expected costs. A change in the estimate of total forecast contract costs would impact the stage of 

Page   56

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

4.         crITIcAl AccouNTING JuDGemeNTS AND KeY SourceS oF eSTImATIoN uNcerTAINTY (COnTInuED)

ii)     contract revenue (continued)
completion of those contracts and the level of revenue recognised thereon which could have a material impact on the results 
of the Group. In accordance with IFRS 15, £4,091k of contracted revenue is measured upon stage of completion, which is an 
estimate. If the stage of completion were to be understated by 1%, this would have the effect of reducing revenue by £146k.

iii)     r&D Tax credit
The R&D tax credit is calculated using the current rules as prescribed by HMRC. The estimation is based on the actual UK 
R&D projects that qualify for the scheme that have been carried out in the period. Management form an estimation of the tax 
credit on a prudent basis and then obtain additional professional input from the current tax providers prior to submission of 
the claim to HMRC. The Group has assumed 100% of the R&D tax credit is recoverable. If only 95% of the claim were to be 
accepted by HMRC, this would have the effect of reducing the tax receivable and corresponding tax credit by £49k to £938k. 

iv)     recoverability of receivables 
As disclosed in note 3, in order to obtain market penetration through technology-based customers, the Group recognises 
that  normal  payment  terms  from  these  customers  may  not  be  adhered  to  when  assessing  recoverability  of  receivables. 
Management judge the recoverability at the balance sheet date and provide where appropriate. The provision for impairment 
represents management’s best estimate of losses incurred in the portfolio at the balance sheet date, assessed on customer 
risk scoring and commercial discussions. 

5. 

operATING SeGmeNTS

products and services from which reportable segments derive their revenues
For management purposes, the Group is organised into two geographical business units from which the Group currently operates 
from (US and UK) and it is on these operating segments that the Group is providing disclosure. Both business units focus on the three 
key markets of the Group (Medical Imaging, Nuclear Detection and Security Screening). Typically, the US business unit focuses on 
Medical Imaging and the UK on Nuclear Detection and Security Screening. However, this arrangement is flexible and can vary based 
on the geographical location of the Group’s customer.    

The  chief  operating  decision  maker  is  the  Board  of  Directors,  who  assess  performance  of  the  segments  using  the  following  key 
performances indicators: revenues, gross profit and operating profit. The amounts provided to the Board with respect to assets and 
liabilities are measured in a way consistent with the Financial Statements.

The turnover, profit on ordinary activities and net assets of the Group are attributable to one business segment, i.e. the development 
of digital colour X-ray imaging enabling direct materials identification, as well as developing a number of detection products in the 
industrial and consumer markets.

Analysis by geographical area
A geographical analysis of the Group’s revenue by destination is as follows:

United Kingdom

North America

Asia

Europe

Australasia

Total revenue

2019
£’000

2,267

4,869

5,452

1,905

24

2018
£’000

1,253

3,547

6,080

949

16

14,517

11,845

The Group has aggregated its market sectors into two reporting segments being the operational business units in the UK and US. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   57

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

5. 

operATING SeGmeNTS (COnTInuED)

Analysis by geographical area (continued)
A geographical analysis of the Group’s revenue by origin is as follows:

Year ended 30 April 2019

uK operations 
£’000

uS operations
£’000

Total for Group
£’000

revenue from sales
Revenue by segment:
-Sale of goods and services

-Revenue from grants

-Revenue from contract customers

Total sales by segment

Removal of inter-segment sales

Total external sales

Segment result – operating (loss)/profit

Interest received

Interest expense

(loss)/profit before tax

Tax credit

(loss)/profit for the year

Reconciliation to adjusted EBITDA:

Net interest

Other operating income

Tax

Depreciation of PPE

Amortisation

Non-recurring other income

Share-based payment charge

Adjusted eBITDA

other segment information

Property, plant and equipment additions

Right-of-use assets

Depreciation of PPE

Intangible asset additions

Amortisation of intangible assets

Statement of financial position

Total assets

Total liabilities

6,718

1,020

82

7,820

(1,251)

6,569

(1,652)

155

(197)

(1,694)

1,020

(674)

42

-

(1,020)

432

1,085

-

184

49

569

1,051

432

1,309

1,085

41,370

(7,097)

4,694

-

4,534

9,228

(1,280)

7,948

746

-

(322)

424

(33)

391

322

-

33

447

721

-

11

1,925

3,075

3,257

447

1,632

721

11,412

1,020

4,616

17,048

(2,531)

14,517

(906)

155

(519)

(1,270)

987

(283)

364

-

(987)

879

1,806

-

195

1,974

3,644

4,308

879

2,941

1,806

34,374

(7,444)

75,744

(14,541)

Page   58

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

5. 

operATING SeGmeNTS (COnTInuED)

Analysis by geographical area (continued)
Year ended 30 April 2018

revenue from sales
Revenue by segment:
-Sale of goods and services

-Revenue from grants

-Revenue from contract customers

Total sales by segment

Removal of inter-segment sales

Total external sales

Segment result – operating (loss)/profit

Interest received

Interest expense

(loss)/profit before tax

Tax credit

(loss)/profit for the year

Reconciliation to adjusted EBITDA:

Net interest

Other operating income

Tax

Depreciation of PPE

Amortisation

Non-recurring other income

Share-based payment charge

Adjusted eBITDA

other segment information

Property, plant and equipment additions

Depreciation of PPE

Intangible asset additions

Amortisation of intangible assets

Statement of financial position

Total assets

Total liabilities

uK operations 
£’000

uS operations
£’000

Total for Group
£’000

2,914

1,024

129

4,067

(940)

3,127

(3,955)

35

(227)

(4,147)

1,429

(2,718)

192

-

(1,429)

307

1,132

-

111

(2,405)

17

307

790

1,132

26,975

(5,503)

5,585

-

5,293

10,878

(2,160)

8,718

1,614

-

-

1,614

-

1,614

-

-

-

478

775

-

20

2,887

83

478

3,300

775

20,205

(1,421)

8,499

1,024

5,422

14,945

(3,100)

11,845

(2,341)

35

(227)

(2,533)

1,429

(1,104)

192

-

(1,429)

785

1,907

-

131

482

100

785

4,090

1,907

47,180

(6,924)

Inter-segment sales are charged on an arms-length basis.

No  other  additions  of  non-current  assets  have  been  recognised  during  the  year  other  than  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and 
intangible assets.

No impairment losses were recognised in respect of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets including goodwill.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as the Group’s accounting policies described in note 3. Segment 
(loss) represents the (loss) earned by each segment. This is the measure reported to the Group’s Chief Executive for the purpose of 
resource allocation and assessment of segment performance.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   59

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

5. 

operATING SeGmeNTS (COnTInuED)

revenues from major products and services

The Group’s revenues from its major products and services were as follows:

Product revenue

Research and development revenue

Consolidated revenue 

Information about major customers

2019
£’000

12,060

2,457

14,517

2018
£’000

9,611

2,234

11,845

Included  in  revenues  arising  from  USA  operations  are  revenues  of  approximately  £4,092k  (2018:  £4,773k)  which  arose  from  the 
Group’s largest customer. Included in revenues arising from UK operations are revenues of approximately £1,066k (2018: £1,265k) 
which arose from a major customer.

6. 

loSS BeFore TAx For The YeAr

Loss before tax for the year has been arrived at after (crediting)/charging:

Net foreign exchange losses/(gains)

Research and development costs recognised as an expense

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortisation of internally-generated intangible assets

Cost of inventories recognised as expense

Staff costs (see note 8)

7. 

AuDITor’S remuNerATIoN

The analysis of the auditor’s remuneration is as follows:

Fees payable to the company’s auditor and their associates for 
other services to the Group

–The audit of the Company and its subsidiaries

Total audit fees

-   Taxation and other services

Total non-audit fees

Total

2019
£’000

82

5,432

879

1,806

4,152

7,372

2018
£’000

(593)

4,015

785

1,907

4,672

6,642

2019
£’000

2018
£’000

62

62

34

34

96

55

55

33

33

88

Page   60

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

8. 

STAFF coSTS

The average monthly number of employees (excluding non-executive directors) was:

Directors (executive)

Research and development, production

Sales and marketing

Administration

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

Wages and salaries

Social security costs

Pension scheme contributions

Share-based payments

2019
Number

2018
Number

2

95

7

12

116

2019
£’000

6,297

551

329

195

7,372

2

89

6

11

108

2018
£’000

5,662

504

345

131

6,642

The total Directors’ emoluments (including non-executive directors) was £780k (2018: £744k). The aggregate value of 
contributions paid to money purchase pension schemes was £20k (2018: £20k) in respect of two directors (2018: two 
directors). For a breakdown of remuneration by director, refer to the Directors’ emoluments table on page 30 within the 
Remuneration Committee Report (pages 29-31).

The highest paid director received emoluments of £354k (2018: £346k) and amounts paid to money purchase pension 
schemes was £10k (2018: £10k). 

Key management compensation:

Wages and salaries and other short-term benefits

Social security costs

Pension scheme contributions

Share-based payment expense

Key management comprise the Executive Directors and senior operational staff.

2019
£’000

1,162

136

27

184

1,494

2018
£’000

1,307

258

57

97

1,719

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   61

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

9. 

FINANce INcome

Bank deposits

Total finance income

10. 

FINANce coSTS

Interest on bank overdrafts, loans and borrowings

Interest expense for lease arrangements

Total interest expense

11. 

TAx

recognised in the income statement

Current tax credit:

UK corporation tax on losses in the year

Adjustment in respect of previous periods

Foreign taxes paid

Total current tax

Deferred tax:

Origination and reversal of timing differences

Adjustment in respect of previous periods

Total deferred tax

2019 
£’000

155

155

2019 
£’000

293

226

519

2019 
£’000

992

(5)

-

987

-

-

-

2018 
£’000

35

35

2018 
£’000

227

-

227

2018 
£’000

1,167

262

-

1,429

-

-

-

Total tax credit in income statement

987

1,429

Corporation tax is calculated at 19% (2018: 19%) of estimated taxable loss for the year. Taxation for other jurisdictions is calculated 
at the rates prevailing in the respective jurisdictions.

Page   62

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

11. 

TAx (COnTInuED)

reconciliation of tax credit
The charge for the year can be reconciled to the profit in the income statement as follows:

Loss before tax

Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2018: 19.0%)

(Non-taxable income)/expenses not deductible 

Effect of R&D

Share scheme deduction under Part 12 CTA 2009

Unrecognised movement on deferred tax

Adjustment in respect of previous periods

Unrelieved tax losses arising in the period

Fixed asset timing differences

Total tax credit for the year

2019 
£’000

1,270

241

(205)

1,073

9

(74)

(5)

(52)

-

987

2018
£’000

2,533

481

115

879

64

(305)

262

10

(77)

1,429

Further details of deferred tax are given in note 22. There are no tax items charged to other comprehensive income.

The effect of R&D is the tax impact of capitalised development costs being deducted in the year in which they are incurred.

Adjustment in respect of previous periods relate to additional R&D tax credits the Group receives following final submission.  

The rate of corporation tax for the year is 19% (2018: 19%). Finance (No.2) Act 2015 reduced the rate from 19% to 18% (with effect 
from 1 April 2020). The 2020 rate was further reduced to 17% by Finance Act 2016. Accordingly, deferred tax has been provided in line 
with the rates at which temporary differences are expected to reverse. There is a potential deferred tax asset on excess tax deductions 
arising from share-based payments on exercise of share options of £145k (2018: £46k). The asset has not been recognised as it is 
not considered probable that there will be future profits available. 

The other tax jurisdiction that the Group currently operates in is the US. Any deferred tax arising from the US operations is calculated 
at 21% which represents the revised rate of 21% following recent tax reform in the US.

12. 

DIvIDeNDS

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2018: £nil).

13. 

loSSeS per ShAre

The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following data:

losses

Losses  for  the  purposes  of  basic  and  diluted  losses  per  share  being  net  losses  attributable  to 
owners of the Group

Number of shares

2019 
£’000

(283)

2019
Number

2018 
£’000

(1,104)

2018
Number

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of basic losses per share

275,073,400

260,161,744

Effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares:

   Share options

2,581,104

2,606,464

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of diluted losses per share

277,654,504

262,768,208

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   63

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

13. 

loSSeS per ShAre (COnTInuED)

losses (continued)

Basic (p)

Diluted (p)

2019 

(0.1)

(0.1)

2018 

(0.4)

(0.4)

Due to the Group having losses in each of the years, the fully diluted loss per share for disclosure purposes, as shown in the income 
statement, is the same as for the basic loss per share.

14.  GooDWIll

cost

At 1 May 2018

At 30 April 2019

Accumulated impairment losses

At 1 May 2018

At 30 April 2019

carrying amount

At 30 April 2019

At 30 April 2018

£’000

1,275

1,275

-

-

1,275

1,275

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated, at acquisition, to the cash generating units (CGUs) that are expected to 
benefit from that business combination. Before recognition of impairment losses, the carrying amount of goodwill had been allocated 
as follows:

US operations

2019
£’000

1,275

2018
£’000

1,275

The goodwill arose on the acquisition of Nova R&D, Inc. in 2010, and represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration given 
over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. 

Goodwill has been allocated to Kromek USA (a combination of eV Products and Nova R&D Inc.) as a cash generating unit (CGU). This 
is reported in note 6 within the segmental analysis of the US operations. 

The  Group  tests  goodwill  annually  for  impairment  or  more  frequently  if  there  are  indications  that  goodwill  might  be  impaired,  by 
comparing the net book value of the goodwill and non-current assets for the CGU to its value in use on a discounted cash flow basis.

The recoverable amount has been determined on a value in use basis on each cash-generating unit using the management approved 
10 year forecasts for each cash-generating unit. The base 10-year projection is year-on-year growth over the next 10 years, with 
overheads remaining relatively stable. The annual growth rate of the CGU for the next 10 years is expected to be 70%. These cash 
flows are then discounted at the Company’s weighted average cost of capital of 11.97% (2018: 12.37%).

Based on the results of the current year impairment review, no impairment charges have been recognised by the Group in the year 
ended 30 April 2019 (2018:  £nil). Management have considered various sensitivity analyses  in  order to appropriately  evaluate  the 
carrying value of goodwill. 

Having  assessed  the  anticipated  future  cash  flows  the  Directors  do  not  consider  there  to  be  any  reasonably  possible  changes  in 
assumptions that would lead to such an impairment charge in the year ended 30 April 2019. For illustrative purposes, a compound 
reduction in revenue of 10% in each of years 1-10 whilst holding overheads constant would not affect the conclusion of the review.

The Directors have reviewed the recoverable amount of the CGU and do not consider there to be any impairment in 2019 or 2018.

Page   64

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

15.  oTher INTANGIBle ASSeTS

cost

At 1 May 2018

Additions

Exchange differences

At 30 April 2019

Amortisation

At 1 May 2018

Charge for the year

Exchange differences

At 30 April 2019

carrying amount 
At 30 April 2019

At 30 April 2018

Development 
costs
£’000

Patents,
trademarks & 
other intangibles
£’000

15,933

2,731

421

19,085

2,509

1,207

38

3,754

15,331

13,424

6,785

210

207

7,202

3,654

599

115

4,368

2,834  

3,131

Total
£’000

22,718

2,941

628

26,287

6,163

1,806

153

8,122

18,165

16,555

The Group amortise the capitalised development costs on a straight-line basis over a period of 2-15 years rather than against product 
sales directly relating to the development expenditure. Provision is made for any impairment.

Patents and trademarks are amortised over their estimated useful lives, which is on average 10 years.

The carrying amounts of the acquired intangible assets arising on the acquisitions of Nova R&D, Inc. and eV Products, Inc. as at the 
30 April 2019 was £952k (2018: £1,067k), with amortisation to be charged over the remaining useful lives of these assets which is 
between 3 and 13 years.

The amortisation charge on intangible assets is included in administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   65

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

16. 

properTY, plANT AND equIpmeNT

Assets Under 
Construction
£’000

Computer 
Equipment
£’000

Plant and 
machinery
£’000

Fixtures and
fittings
£’000

cost or valuation

At 1 May 2018

Additions

Disposals

Exchange differences

At 30 April 2019

Accumulated depreciation and 
impairment

At 1 May 2018

Charge for the year

Eliminated on disposal

Exchange differences

At 30 April 2019

carrying amount

At 30 April 2019

At 30 April 2018

17. 

rIGhT-oF-uSe ASSeT

-

494

-

-

494

-

-

-

-

-

494

-

932

184

-

15

7,839

2,773

(145)

184

1,131

10,651

710

106

-

9

825

306

222

5,032

411

(139)

131

5,435

5,216

2,807

251

193

(24)

7

427

183

28

(24)

4

191

236

68

Total
£’000

9,022

3,644

(169)

206

12,703

5,925

545

(163)

144

6,451

6,252

3,097

The  Group  has  early  adopted  IFRS  16  effective  from  1  May  2018  and  has  recognised  right-of-use  assets  for  leases  previously 
classified as operating leases applying IAS 17. 

Details of the Group’s right-of-use assets and their carrying amount are as follows:

cost 

Opening right-of-use asset recognised on adoption of IFRS 16 (1 May 2018)

Rent accrual release

New leases in the year

Effect of movements in exchange rates

cost at 30 April 2019

Depreciation 

Charge for the year

Exchange differences

Depreciation at 30 April 2019

carrying amount

At 30 April 2019

2019
£’000

1,340

(163)

3,075

56

4,308

334

(1)

333

3,975

Page   66

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

18. 

SuBSIDIArIeS

A list of the subsidiaries, including the name, country of incorporation, and proportion of ownership interest is given in note 3 to the 
Company’s separate financial statements.

19. 

INveNTorIeS

Raw materials

Work-in-progress

Finished goods

2019
£’000

1,394

1,656

177

3,227

2018
£’000

1,093

1,488

433

3,014

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense during the year in respect of continuing operations was £4,152k (2018: £4,672k). 

The write-down of inventories to net realisable value amounted to £462k (2018: £235k). The reversal of write-downs amounted to nil 
(2018: nil). The partial release of the write-downs was because of a revised estimate of the net realisable value of certain inventory lines 
based upon actual sales made of the inventory during the period.

20. 

AmouNTS recoverABle oN coNTrAcTS

contracts in progress at the balance sheet date:

Amounts due from contract customers included in trade and other receivables

Contract costs incurred plus recognised profits less recognised losses to date

Less: progress billings

21. 

TrADe AND oTher receIvABleS

Amount receivable for the sale of goods

Amounts recoverable on contracts (see note 20)

Other receivables

Prepayments and accrued income

Current tax assets

2019
£’000

12,362

12,362

12,929

(567)

12,362

2019
£’000

5,592

12,362

848

1,195

987

20,984

2018
£’000

7,556

7,556

8,062

    (506)

7,556

2018
£’000

3,245

7,556

200

333

1,167

12,501

Amount receivable for the sale of goods
Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as financial assets at amortised cost. 

The average credit period taken on sales of goods is 54 days. The Group initially recognises an impairment allowance of 100% against 
receivables over 120 days. However, this is subject to management override where there is evidence of recoverability, most notably, 
where specific support is being provided to strategic partners in the marketing of new products. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   67

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

21. 

TrADe AND oTher receIvABleS (COnTInuED)

Amount receivable for the sale of goods (continued)
Before accepting any new customer, the Group uses an external credit scoring system to assess the potential customer’s credit quality 
and defines credit limits by customer. 

The Group does not hold any collateral or other credit enhancements over any of its trade receivables, with the exception of stock 
recovered from customers in respect of the doubtful debts disclosed below.

Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables at the statement of financial position date was:

31-60 days 

61-90 days

91-120 days

121+ days

Total

2019
£’000

113

113

-

893

2018
£’000

114

58

-

876

1,119

1,048

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable, the Group considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from 
the date credit was initially granted up to the reporting date. 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables is approximately equal to their fair value.

Ageing of impaired receivables at the statement of financial position date was:

31-60 days 

61-90 days

91-120 days

121+ days

Total

2019
£’000

-

-

-

116

116

2018
£’000

-

-

-

303

303

At 30 April 2019, trade receivables are shown net of an impairment allowance of £116k (2018: £303k) arising from the ordinary course 
of business, as follows:

Balance at 1 May 2018

Provided during the year

(Released) during the year

Impact of foreign exchange

Balance at 30 April 2019

2019
£’000

303

-

(193)

6

116

2018
£’000

435

32

(155)

(9)

303

The doubtful debt provision records impairment losses unless the Group is satisfied that no recovery of the amount owing is possible, 
at which point the amounts considered irrecoverable are written off against the trade receivables directly.

Page   68

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

22. 

DeFerreD TAx lIABIlITIeS

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the Group and movements thereon during the current and 
prior reporting period.

At 1 May 2018

(Credit)/charge to profit or loss

At 30 April 2019

Fair value
revaluation of 
acquired 
intangibles
£’000

723

(384)

339

Accelerated 
capital 
allowances
£’000

Short term 
timing 
differences
£’000

Tax
losses
£’000

844

225

1,069

(27)

(1,540)

(127)

(154)

286

(1,254)

Total
£’000

-

-

-

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset where the Group has a legally enforceable right to do so. The following is the analysis of 
the deferred tax balances (after offset) for financial reporting purposes:

Deferred tax liabilities

Deferred tax assets

2019
£’000

1,254

(1,254)

-

2018
£’000

1,540

(1,540)

-

At the statement of financial position date, the Group has unused tax losses of £20,632k (2018: £21,786k) available for offset against 
future profits. A deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of £6,763k (2018: £6,763k) of such losses. The asset is considered 
recoverable because it can be offset to reduce future tax liabilities arising in the Group. No deferred tax asset has been recognised 
in respect of the remaining £13,869k (2018: £15,023k) as it is not yet considered sufficiently certain that there will be future taxable 
profits available.  All losses may be carried forward indefinitely subject to a significant change in the nature of the Group’s trade with 
US losses having a maximum life of 20 years.

23. 

TrADe AND oTher pAYABleS

Trade payables and accruals

Deferred income

2019
£’000

4,871

13

4,884

2018
£’000

3,490

10

3,500

Trade payables and accruals principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. The average credit 
period taken for trade purchases is 50 days. For all suppliers, no interest is charged on the trade payables. The Group has financial 
risk management policies in place to ensure that all payables are paid within the pre-agreed credit terms.

Deferred income relates to government grants received which have been deferred until the conditions attached to the grants are met.

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   69

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

24. 

leASe oBlIGATIoN

The  Group  has  early  adopted  IFRS  16  effective  from  1  May  2018  and  has  recognised  a  lease  liability  at  1  May  2018  for  leases 
previously classified as operating leases applying IAS 17. The Group has measured lease liabilities at the present value of the remaining 
lease  payments,  discounted  using  the  Group’s  incremental  borrowing  rate  at  the  date  of  initial  application.  Details  of  the  Group’s 
liability in respect of right-of-use assets and their carrying amount are as follows:

opening lease liability recognised on adoption of IFrS 16 (1 may 2018)

New leases entered into during the year

Finance costs

Payments made during the year

Impact of foreign exchange

At 30 April 2019

Presented as:

Lease liability payable within 1 year

Lease liability payable in more than 1 year

At 30 April 2019

2019
£’000

1,340

3,075

226

(486)

56

4,211

273

3,938

4,211

Rental charges associated with other low value leased assets that fall within the expedient threshold have been expensed to the profit 
and loss accounts (£17k).

25. 

provISIoNS For lIABIlITIeS

At 1 May 

Charged to profit or loss

Fully utilised

Impact of foreign exchange

At 30 April

2019
£’000

424

-

(424)

-

-

2018
£’000

169

269

-

(14)

424

During the prior year, the Company was given notice on one of its sites. The sites dilapidations provision reflects management’s best 
estimates and ability to measure the likely costs that may be incurred restoring the building back to its original state. The Group are 
now free from future obligations relating to the old site so the provision has been released in full.

Page   70

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

26. 

BorroWINGS

Secured borrowing at amortised cost

Revolving credit facility

Other borrowings

Total borrowings

Amount due for settlement within 12 months

Amount due for settlement after 12 months

2019
£’000

3,000

2,446

5,446

3,133

2,313

2018
£’000

3,000

-

3,000

3,000

-

In February 2019, the Group successfully renewed its revolving credit facility. Previously a 24-month facility, this facility is now a 36 
months deal with a plus 1, plus 1 option with regards to years 4 to 5. In addition to the extension of the renewal period, the quantum 
of the facility has increased from £3.0m to £5.0m. This facility is secured by a debenture and a composite guarantee across the Group. 
The terms of the revolving credit facility are a nominal interest rate of LIBOR+2.5% and a repayment term of six months from date of 
drawdown. The fair value equates to the carrying value.

During the year, the Group secured a £2.3m loan with the landlord of the new Zelienople premises in relation to additional leasehold 
improvements. This loan is repaid in equal instalments on a monthly basis and attracts interest at 6.50% per annum. This facility is 
secured against a standby letter of credit. 

The RCF borrowing is secured by a floating charge over the Group’s assets.

Finance  lease  liabilities  are  secured  by  the  assets  leased.  The  borrowings  are  at  a  fixed  interest  rate  with  repayment  periods  not 
exceeding five years.

The weighted average interest rates paid during the year were as follows:

Revolving credit facility

Finance lease liabilities

27. 

DerIvATIveS FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS AND heDGe AccouNTING

At 30 April 2019 and 30 April 2018, the Group had no derivatives in place.

Allotted, called up and fully paid:

260,435,618 (2018: 259,095,618) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each

84,199,471 (2018: 1,300,000) Ordinary shares issued at £0.01 each

Total 344,635,089 (2018: 260,435,618) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each

2019
%

3.10

5.30

2019
£’000

2,604

842

3,446

2018
%

3.10

-

2018
£’000

2,591

13

2,604

During the year 191,000 shares (2018: 1,340,000) were allotted under EMI share option schemes.

The Directors were authorised at the AGM in February 2019 to allot and issue 84,008,471 Ordinary Shares at a price of 24p per share. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   71

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

29. 

ShAre premIum AccouNT

Balance at 1 May 2018

Premium arising on issue of equity shares

Expenses arising on issue of equity shares

Balance at 30 April 2019

30. 

TrANSlATIoN reServe

Balance at 1 May 2018

Exchange differences on translating the net assets of foreign operations

Balance at 30 April 2019

£’000

42,625

20,163

(1,188)

61,600

£’000

(269)

1,218

(949)

Exchange differences relating to the translation of the net assets of the Group’s foreign operations, which relate to subsidiaries only, 
from their functional currency into the parent’s functional currency, being Sterling, are recognised directly in the translation reserve.

31. 

AccumulATeD loSSeS

Balance at 1 May 2018

Net loss for the year

Effect of share-based payment credit

Balance at 30 April 2019

£’000

(26,557)

(283)

195

(26,645)

Page   72

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

32. 

NoTeS To The cASh FloW STATemeNT

Loss for the year

Adjustments for:

Finance income

Finance costs

Income tax credit

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortisation of intangible assets

Share-based payment expense

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital

(Increase)/decrease in inventories

Increase in receivables

Increase/(decrease) in payables

(Decrease)/increase in provisions

Cash used in operations

Income taxes received

Net cash used in operating activities

cash and cash equivalents

Cash and bank balances

2019 
£’000

(283)

(155)

519

(987)

879

1,806

195

1,974

(213)

(8,663)

1,384

(424)

(5,942)

1,165

(4,777)

2019 
£’000

20,616

2018 
£’000

(1,104)

(35)

227

(1,429)

783

1,907

131

480

191

(5,330)

(1,067)

255

(5,471)

858

(4,613)

2018 
£’000

9,488

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, net of 
outstanding bank overdrafts. The carrying amount of these assets is approximately equal to their fair value.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   73

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

33. 

recoNcIlIATIoN oF lIABIlITIeS ArISING From FINANcING AcTIvITIeS

Balance at 1 May 2018

Cash flows;

-  Repayments

Non – cash

-  Recognition on adoption of IFRS 16

-  Additions

-  Effect of moving exchange rates

-  Interest applied

Balance at 30 April 2019

34. 

ShAre BASeD pAYmeNTS

loans and 
borrowings
£’000

Lease liability
£’000

3,000

(247)

-

2,557

-

136

5,446

-

(486)

1,340

3,075

56

226

4,211

equity-settled share option scheme
The Company has a share option scheme (EMI scheme) for all employees of the Group. Options are exercisable at a price equal to the 
average quoted market price of the Company’s shares on the date of grant. The average vesting period is three years. If the options 
remain unexercised after a period of ten years from the date of grant the options expire. Options are forfeited if the employee leaves 
the Group before the options vest.

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows.

Number of share 
options

2019
Weighted average 
exercise price (£)

Number of share 
options

2018
Weighted average 
exercise price (£)

Outstanding at beginning of the year

Granted during the year

Exercised during the year

Forfeited during the year

Outstanding at the end of the year

Exercisable at the end of the year

9,851,070

882,600

(191,000)

(514,200)

10,028,470

8,875,570

0.17

0.20

0.015

0.28

0.17

0.17

10,514,870

910,600

(1,340,000)

(234,400)

9,851,070

8,500,570

0.16

0.26

0.015

0.27

0.17

0.17

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise for share options exercised during the year was £0.015 (2018: £0.015). The 
options outstanding at 30 April 2019 had a weighted average exercise price of £0.17 (2018: £0.17) and a weighted average remaining 
contractual life of four years (2018: four years). The range of exercise prices for outstanding share options at 30 April 2018 was 1.5p 
to 79p (2017: 1.5p to 79p). In 2019, the aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted is £46k (2018: £46k). The inputs 
into the Black-Scholes model are as follows:

Weighted average share price

Weighted average exercise price

Expected volatility

Expected life

Risk-free rate

Expected dividend yields

2019

26p

20p

29.30%

 6 years

0.57

0%

2018

27p

27p

31.14%

6 years

0.37

0%

Page   74

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

34. 

ShAre BASeD pAYmeNTS (COnTInuED)

equity-settled share option scheme (continued)
Expected  volatility  was  determined  by  calculating  the  historical  volatility  of  similar  listed  businesses  over  the  previous  three  years. 
The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, 
exercise restrictions, and behavioural considerations.

The Kromek Group plc 2013 long Term Incentive plan
On 10 October 2013, a new Long Term Incentive Plan was adopted. Under the plan, awards will be made annually to key employees. 
Subject to the satisfaction of the required TSR performance criteria, these grants will vest evenly over a three-year reporting period, 
with the first having ended on 30 April 2014, and the remainder on subsequent year end dates. 

During January 2019, 1,443,829 (2018: 1,443,829) options were granted under the 2013 LTIP to a number of key employees, including 
two executive directors of the Group. The fair value of these options granted was £183k (2018: £61k). The amounts recognised as a 
share-based payment expense for the year ended 30 April 2019 was £12k (2018: £20k).

The 2013 Long Term Incentive Plan award was valued using the Monte Carlo pricing model. The inputs into the Monte Carlo pricing 
model are as follows:

Weighted average share price

Weighted average exercise price

Expected volatility

Expected life

Risk-free rate

Expected dividend yields

2019

22p

1p

35.00%

  3 years

0.32

0%

2018

22p

1p

35.00%

3 years

0.32

0%

During  2017/18,  a  new  incentive  award  scheme  was  introduced  for  a  number  of  key  employees  regarding  an  Average  Valuation 
creation of the Company, referred to as the “VC”. This has awarded key employees 8,007,162 options under the scheme. However, 
these options only vest after 5 years (at 1p per share) and are subject to challenging specific performance criteria over that period 
commencing 1 May 2017. The quantity of options that vest is weighted, such that the maximum amount only vests on achievement 
of all performance criteria.

The Group recognised total expenses of £195k (2018: £131k) related to all equity-settled share-based payment transactions. This is 
inclusive of both the equity settled share option scheme and the 2013 LTIP.

35. 

reTIremeNT BeNeFIT SchemeS

Defined contribution schemes
The Group operates defined contribution retirement benefit schemes for all employees. Where there are employees who leave the 
schemes prior to vesting fully, the contributions payable by the Group are reduced by the amount of forfeited contributions.

The employees of the Group’s subsidiaries in the United States of America are members of a state-managed retirement benefit scheme 
operated by the government of the United States of America. The subsidiaries are required to contribute a specified percentage of 
payroll costs to the retirement benefit scheme to fund the benefits. The only obligation of the Group with respect to the retirement 
benefit scheme is to make the specified contributions. 

The total cost charged to income of £329k (2018: £345k) represents contributions payable to these schemes by the Group at rates 
specified in the rules of the schemes. As at 30 April 2019, contributions of £23k (2018: £23k) due in respect of the current reporting 
period had not been paid over to the scheme.

36. 

FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS

Financial Instruments
The Group’s principal financial instruments are cash and trade receivables. 

The Group has exposure to the following risks from its operations:

capital risk 
The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising the 
return to shareholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The Group’s overall strategy has remained unchanged 
between 2018 and 2019.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   75

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

36. 

FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS (COnTInuED) 

capital risk (continued)
The capital structure of the Group consists of net debt, which includes the borrowings disclosed in note 25 after deducting cash and 
cash equivalents, and equity attributable to equity holders of the Company, comprising issued capital, reserves and accumulated 
losses as disclosed in notes 28 to 31. 

The Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.

The Group’s primary source of capital is equity. By pricing products and services commensurately with the level of risk and focusing 
on the effective collection of cash from customers, the Group aims to maximise revenues and operating cash flows. 

Cash  flow  is  further  controlled  by  ongoing  justification,  monitoring  and  reporting  of  capital  investment  expenditures  and  regular 
monitoring and reporting of operating costs. Working capital fluctuations are managed through employing the revolving credit facility 
available, which at the year-end was £3.0m (2018: £3.0m). Details of the revolving credit facility have been included in note 26.

The Group considers that the current capital structure will provide sufficient flexibility to ensure that appropriate investment can be 
made, if required, to implement and achieve the longer-term growth strategy of the Group. 

market risk
The Group may be affected by general market trends, which are unrelated to the performance of the Group itself. The Group’s success 
will depend on market acceptance of the Group’s products and there can be no guarantee that this acceptance will be forthcoming.

Market opportunities targeted by the Group may change and this could lead to an adverse effect upon its revenue and earnings.

Foreign currency risk 
The Group’s operations are split between the UK and the US, and as a result the Group incurs costs in currencies other than its 
presentational  currency  of  pounds  sterling.  The  Group  also  holds  cash  and  cash  equivalents  in  non-sterling  denominated  bank 
accounts.

The following table shows the denomination of the year end cash and cash equivalents balance:

£ sterling

US$ sterling equivalent

€ sterling equivalent

2019 
£’000

24,229

(4,156)

543

2018 
£’000

8,847

202

439

Had the foreign exchange rate between sterling, US$ and € changed by 4% (2018: 6%), this would affect the loss for the year and net 
assets of the Group by £12k (2018: £65k). 4% (2018: 6%) is considered a reasonable assessment of foreign exchange movement as 
this has been the movement noted between 2018 and 2019 (2017 and 2018). 

credit risk 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group. The 
Group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral where appropriate, as 
a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Group only transacts with entities that are rated the equivalent of 
investment grade and above. This information is supplied by independent rating agencies where available, and if not available, the 
Group uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to rate its major customers. The Group’s exposure 
and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is spread 
amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved by the risk 
management committee annually. 

Trade receivables consist of a small number of customers, spread across diverse industries and geographical areas. Ongoing credit 
evaluation is performed on the financial condition of accounts receivable.

The Group’s standard credit terms are 30 to 60 days from date of invoice. Invoices greater than 60 days old are assessed as overdue. 
The maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of each financial asset included on the statement of financial position as 
summarised in note 21.

Amounts recoverable on contract arise following revenue recognized over time in line with IFRS 15. The balance of £12,362k at 30 
April 2019 will convert into invoiced revenues following product dispatch to the customer. The Group retain physical possession of the 
inventory, which passes to the customer on payment of invoice. Under these contracts, the Group retains the right to be compensated 
at a minimum for the full value of the contract in the event of early termination.

The Group’s management considers that all the above financial assets that are not impaired or past due for each of the reporting dates 
under review are of good quality.

Page   76

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

36. 

FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS (COnTInuED) 

liquidity risk

Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity 
risk management framework for the management of the Group’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management 
requirements. The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, 
by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. 

The following table details the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed repayment 
periods. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on 
which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest and principal cash flows. The contractual maturity is based 
on the earliest date on which the Group may be required to pay.

Weighted 
average 
effective 
interest rate
%

3.1

3.1

5.3

5.0

revolving credit facility at
30 April 2018

revolving credit facility at
30 April 2019

other Borrowing Facilities 
at 30 April 2019 

lease obligations at 
30 April 2019

Less than 1 
month
£’000

1-3 months
£’000

3 months to 
1 year
£’000

1-5 years
£’000

5+ years
£’000

Total
£’000

3,000

3,000

3,000

-

-

-

11

21

32

-

-

-

33

65

98

3,000

3,000

3,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

89

527

1,786

2,446

187

1,183

2,755

4,211

3,276

1,710

4,541

9,657

Significant accounting policies
Details of the significant accounting policies and methods adopted (including the criteria for recognition, the basis of measurement 
and the bases for recognition of income and expenses) for each class of financial asset, financial liability and equity instrument are 
disclosed in note 3.

categories of financial instruments

Financial assets

Investment in money market accounts

Cash and bank balances 

Loans and receivables 

Financial liabilities

Amortised cost 

2019 
£’000

1,250

20,616

18,802

2018 
£’000

1,250

9,488

11,001

(14,513)

(3,925)

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   77

Notes to the consolidated financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

36. 

FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS (COnTInuED) 

Fair values of Financial Assets and Financial liabilities
The following hierarchy classifies each class of financial asset or liability depending on the valuation technique applied in determining 
its fair value:

Level 1: The fair value is calculated based on quoted prices traded in active markets for identical assets of liabilities.

Level 2: The fair value is based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 
either directly or indirectly. The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer 
a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

Level 3:  The fair value is based on inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

In these financial statements, all of the above financial instruments are considered to be Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. There have 
been no transfers between categories in the current or preceding year. The fair value of financial instruments held at fair value have 
been determined based on available market information at the balance sheet date of 30 April 2019.

37. 

relATeD pArTY TrANSAcTIoNS

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation 
and are not disclosed in this note. Transactions between the Group and its related parties are disclosed below.  

Director’s transactions
Other than those disclosed within this note and the shareholding transaction with directors noted in the Directors Report, there have 
been no other transactions with related parties. 

Page   78

KromeK Group plc

Company statement of financial position

As at 30 April 2019

Non-current assets

Investment in subsidiaries

Amounts due from subsidiary company

Investment in money market account

current assets

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Borrowings

Total liabilities

Net assets 

equity

Share capital

Share premium account

Merger reserve

Accumulated losses

Total equity

Note

3

5

6

7

11

12

13

2019 
£’000

4,000

46,902

1,250

52,152

157

16,943

17,100

69,252

(349)

(3,000)

(3,349)

65,903

3,446

61,600

3,221

(2,364)

65,903

2018 
£’000

4,000

-

1,250

5,250

43,008

1,778

44,786

50,036

(271)

(3,000)

(3,271)

46,765

2,604

42,625

3,221

(1,685)

46,765

The loss for the year was £679k (2018: loss £535k). 

The financial statements of Kromek Group plc (registered number 08661469) were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised 
for issue on 26 June 2019. They were signed on its behalf by:

Dr Arnab Basu mBe

Chief Executive Officer 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   79

Company statement of changes in equity

For the year ended 30 April 2019

equity attributable to equity holders of the company

Share capital
£’000

Share 
premium
account
£’000

merger
reserve
£’000

Accumulated
 losses 
£’000

Total 
equity
              £’000

Balance at 1 may 2017

2,591

42,592

3,221

(1,150)

47,254

Loss for the year and total comprehensive losses 
for the year

Issue of share capital net of expenses

-

13

-

33

-

-

(535)

-

(535)

46

Balance at 30 April 2018

2,604

42,625

3,221

(1,685)

46,765

Loss for the year and total comprehensive loss 
for the year

Issue of share capital net of expenses

-

842

-

18,975

-

-

(679)

(679)

-

19,817

Balance at 30 April 2019

3,446

61,600

3,221

(2,364)

65,903

Page   80

KromeK Group plc

Note

10

Company statement of cash flows

For the year ended 30 April 2019

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing activities

Investment in Money market account

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities

Net proceeds from issue of share capital

Loans made to Group companies

Loans paid

Net cash from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2019 
£’000

(650)

-

-

19,817

(3,934)

(68)

15,815

15,165

1,778

16,943

2018 
£’000

(577)

(1,250)

(1,250)

47

(4,144)

(76)

(4,173)

(6,000)

7,778

1,778

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   81

Notes to the Company financial statements

For the year ended 30 April 2019

1. 

SIGNIFIcANT AccouNTING polIcIeS

The separate financial statements of the Company are presented as required by the Companies Act 2006. As permitted by that Act, 
the separate financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) adopted 
by the European Union.

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the remeasurement of certain financial instruments 
to fair value. The principal accounting policies adopted are the same as those set out in note 3 to the consolidated financial statements 
except as noted below.

Investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost less, where appropriate, provisions for impairment.

The  Company’s  financial  statements  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Kromek  Group  plc.  Accordingly,  the 
Company has taken advantage of the exemption from publishing an income statement, and the losses for the Company are shown 
within the Company Statement of Financial Position.

2. 

AuDITor’S remuNerATIoN

The auditor’s remuneration for audit and other services is disclosed in note 7 to the consolidated financial statements.

3. 

SuBSIDIArIeS

Details of the Company’s direct and indirect subsidiaries as at 30 April 2019 are as follows:

Name

Kromek Limited (Direct)

Place of incorporation
(or registration) and operation

NETPark, Sedgefield, 
TS21 3FD, United Kingdom

Kromek Germany Limited 
(Indirect through Kromek Limited)

NETPark, Sedgefield, 
TS21 3FD, United Kingdom

Kromek, Inc. 
(Indirect through Kromek Limited)

NOVA R&D, Inc. 
(Indirect through Kromek Limited)

eV Products, Inc. 
(Indirect through Kromek Limited)

143 Zehner School Road,
Zelienople, PA 16063, 
United States of America

833 Marlborough Avenue, 
Riverside CA 92507, 
United States of America

143 Zehner School Road,
Zelienople, PA 16063, 
United States of America

Durham Scientific Crystals Limited
(Indirect through Kromek Limited)

NETPark, Sedgefield, 
TS21 3FD, United Kingdom

Class of 
shares 
held

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

Proportion
of ownership 
interest %

100

100

100

100

100

100

Activity
%

Scientific research and 
development

Sales and marketing

Holding company

Scientific research and 
development

Scientific research and 
development

Dormant company

The Company owns 100% of the share capital in Kromek Limited. Kromek Limited owns 100% of the share capital in Kromek Inc. 
and 100% of the share capital in Kromek (Germany) Limited. Kromek Inc. owns 100% of the share capital in eV Products Inc. and 
NOVA R&D Inc. 

The investments in subsidiaries are all stated at cost.

At 1 May 2018 

At 30 April 2019

£,000

4,000

4,000

At 30 April 2019 the Company was owed £46,902k from its immediate subsidiary company, Kromek Limited. This has been classified 
as  a  receivable  due  in  more  than  one  year  on  the  face  of  the  balance  sheet  as  this  most  accurately  reflects  the  likely  repayment 
timeframe of the balance outstanding. The loan is unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand. At 30 April 2018 the balance 
was £42,968 and was included in trade and other receivables within current assets (see note 5).

Page   82

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the Company financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

4.     STAFF coSTS

The average monthly number of employees (excluding non-executive directors) was:

2019 
Number

2018 
Number

Research and development, production

Sales and marketing

Administration

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

Wages and salaries

Social security costs

Pension scheme contributions

5. 

TrADe AND oTher receIvABleS

Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings

Prepayments

Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand.

6.       TrADe AND oTher pAYABleS

Trade payables and accruals

Social security and other taxation

2

1

3

6

2019 
£’000

400

50

22

472

2019 
£’000

-

157

157

2019 
£’000

326

23

349

2

1

2

5

2018 
£’000

354

47

75

476

2018
£’000

42,968

40

43,008

2018 
£’000

248

23

271

Trade payables and accruals principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. The average credit 
period taken for trade purchases is 30 days. For all suppliers no interest is charged on the trade payables. The Group has financial risk 
management policies in place to ensure that all payables are paid within the pre-agreed credit terms. The Directors consider that the 
carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value.

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   83

Notes to the Company financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

7.        BorroWINGS

Details regarding the borrowings of the Company are disclosed in note 26 to the consolidated financial statements.

8. 

FINANcIAl ASSeTS

Intercompany balances
The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value. There are no past due or impaired receivable balances.

cash and cash equivalents
These  comprise  cash  held  by  the  Company  and  short-term  bank  deposits  with  an  original  maturity  of  three  months  or  less.  The 
carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value.

9. 

FINANcIAl lIABIlITIeS

Trade and other payables
Trade payables principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. The average credit period taken for 
trade purchases is 30 days. The carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value.

10. 

NoTeS To The STATemeNT oF cASh FloWS

Loss for the year

Adjustments for:

Finance costs

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital

Increase in receivables

Increase/(decrease) in payables

Net cash from operating activities

11.     ShAre cApITAl

Allotted, called up and fully paid:

260,435,618 (2018: 259,095,618) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each

84,199,471 (2018: 1,340,000) Ordinary shares issued at £0.01

Total 344,635,089 (2018: 260,435,618) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each

2019 
£’000

(679)

68

(611)

(117)

78

(650)

2019
£’000

2,604

842

3,446

2018 
£’000

(535)

75

(460)

(36)

(81)

(577)

2018 
£’000

2,591

13

2,604

Page   84

KromeK Group plc

Notes to the Company financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

12.      ShAre premIum AccouNT

Balance at 1 May 2018

Premium arising on issue of equity shares

Expenses arising on issue of equity shares

Balance at 30 April 2019

13.      AccumulATeD loSSeS

Balance at 1 May 2018

Net loss for the year

Balance at 30 April 2019

2019 
£’000

42,625

20,163

(1,188)

61,600

£’000

(1,685)

(679)

(2,364)

14.      FINANcIAl INSTrumeNTS

The Company’s principal financial instruments are cash and trade receivables. 

The Company has exposure to the following risks from its operations:

capital risk 
The Company manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Company will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising 
the return to shareholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. 

The capital structure of the Company consists of equity attributable to equity holders of the Company, comprising issued capital, 
reserves and accumulated losses as disclosed in notes 26 to 30 to the consolidated financial statements. 

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.

Cash flow is controlled by ongoing justification, monitoring and reporting of capital investment expenditures and regular monitoring 
and reporting of operating costs. 

The Company considers that the current capital structure will provide sufficient flexibility to ensure that appropriate investment can be 
made, if required, to implement and achieve the longer-term growth strategy of the Company. 

market risk
The Company may be affected by general market trends, which are unrelated to the performance of the Company itself. The Company’s 
success will depend on market acceptance of the Company’s products and there can be no guarantee that this acceptance will be 
forthcoming. 

Market opportunities targeted by the Company may change and this could lead to an adverse effect upon its revenue and earnings.

Foreign currency risk 
The Company currently does not undertake transactions denominated in foreign currencies. 

Annual Report & Accounts 2019

Page   85

Notes to the Company financial statements (continued)

For the year ended 30 April 2019

credit risk 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The 
Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral where appropriate, 
as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Company only transacts with entities that are rated the equivalent 
of investment grade and above. This information is supplied by independent rating agencies where available, and if not available, the 
Company uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to rate its major customers. The Company’s 
exposure and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is 
spread amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved by the 
risk management committee annually. 

The Company’s management considers that all the above financial assets that are not impaired or past due for each of the reporting 
dates under review are of good quality.

liquidity risk
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity 
risk management framework for the management of the Company’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management 
requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, 
by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. 

The following table details the Company’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed repayment 
periods. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on 
which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest and principal cash flows. The contractual maturity is based 
on the earliest date on which the Group may be required to pay.

Weighted 
average 
effective 
interest rate
%

3.1

3.1

revolving credit Facility 

at 30 April 2018

revolving credit Facility 

at 30 April 2019

Less than 1 
month
£’000

1-3 months
£’000

3 months to 
1 year
£’000

1-5 years
£’000

5+ years
£’000

-

-

-

-

3,000

3,000

-

-

-

-

Total
£’000

3,000

3,000

15. 

ulTImATe coNTrollING pAreNT AND pArTY

In the opinion of the Directors, there is no ultimate controlling parent or party.

16. 

eveNTS AFTer The BAlANce SheeT DATe

There have been no events after the reporting date that require disclosure in line with IAS10 events after the reporting period.

17. 

relATeD pArTY TrANSAcTIoNS

No dividends were paid in the period in respect of ordinary shares held by the Company’s Directors.

Page   86

Notes:

KromeK Group plc

Directors, Secretary and Advisers

DIRECTORS  

Dr A Basu  

Mr D Bulmer  

Sir P Williams

Mr L H N Kinet

Mr J H Whittingham  

Mr C Wilks 

COMPANY SECRETARY  

Mr D Bulmer 

REGISTERED OFFICE  

BANKERS  

HSBC Bank plc  

1 Saddler Street  

Durham  

DH1 3NR  

AUDITOR  

KPMG LLP  

Statutory Auditor

Newcastle upon Tyne

NE1 3DX  

LEGAL ADVISER  

Eversheds Sutherland  

Bridgewater Place  

Water Lane  

Leeds  

LS11 5DR

NETPark  

Thomas Wright Way  

Sedgefield  

TS21 3FD

NOMINATED ADVISER AND 
BROKER 

Cenkos Securities plc

6.7.8. Tokenhouse Yard

London 

EC2R 7AS    

REGISTRAR  

Link Asset Services

34 Beckenham Road

Beckenham

BR3 4TU  

PUBLIC RELATIONS ADVISER  

Luther Pendragon Ltd

48 Gracechurch Street

London 

EC3V 0EJ  

Kromek Group plc 

NETPark,  Thomas Wright Way,

Sedgefield,  County Durham,  TS21 3FD,  UK