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FY2013 Annual Report · Lake Resources NL
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Lake Resources N.L.

ANNUAL  REPORT  2013

ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Corporate Strategy

Company Directory

Lake Resources' mission has always been to develop a profitable 
minerals discovery business, concentrating on the effective use of 
the geosciences and leveraging these skills to make strategic 
investments.  To this end, our focus is on:

!

!

!

!

!

Exploration in the most prospective areas for world-class 
deposits that will attract major mining companies as joint 
venture partners at an appropriate stage.

Use of the most cost-effective practices and technologies 
including multispectral satellite images, reprocessing and 
reinterpretation of existing databases and application of 
appropriate deposit models.

Formation of alliances with major mining companies for 
exploration and development of the Company's discoveries.

Development of a revenue stream comprising net smelter 
royalties and net profits interests when mining companies 
develop deposits discovered by us.

Seed capital investments in other emerging resources sector 
companies.

The board considers that the corporate culture required for successful 
mineral exploration is significantly different from the culture of the 
downstream businesses of mining and smelting.

Accordingly, Lake Resources does not place a high priority on 
becoming a miner, preferring instead, to retain royalty and net profits 
interests in its discoveries and to remain focussed on its core 
business of mineral exploration.

Lake Resources N.L.
A.B.N.  49 079 471 980

Directors

Ross Johnston
Chairman

Peter J Gilchrist
Managing Director

James G Clavarino
Exploration Director

Registered Office

3-7 Maud Street
Newstead  QLD 4006
GPO Box 1239
Brisbane  4001 Australia

Contacts

Telephone: +61 7 3257 1111
                 +61 7 3252 0255
Facsimile: +61 7 3257 2122
Email: lakeresources@lakeresources.com.au
Website: www.lakeresources.com.au

Auditors

Hayes Knight Audit (Qld) Pty Ltd
Level 19, 127 Creek Street
Brisbane 4000, Australia

Bankers

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited
102 Brisbane Street
Ipswich 4305, Australia

Share Registry

Link Market Services Limited
Level 15, 324 Queen Street
Brisbane 4000, Australia

ASX Code
LKE

Lake Resources N.L.

Chairman’s Report

Dear Shareholder

During  the  year  under  review,  the  company's 
activities  focussed  on  data  compilation  and 
evaluation for the Chagai project in Balochistan, 
Pakistan,  following  a  percussion  drilling 
program  that  was  completed  in  the  second 
quarter of 2012.  This project is situated in the 
Tethyan  magmatic  arc,  which  extends  from 
Turkey, through Iran into Pakistan and hosts a 
number of copper gold deposits including the   
Saindak copper-gold mine and the giant Reko 
Diq  copper-gold  deposit  of  Tethyan  Copper 
Company  limited  (TCC)  (see  below).  Lake 
Resources has been exploring the region since 
1998.

At Koh-i-Sultan, exploration targets are world-
class copper and gold deposits associated with 
an extensive system of intensely altered breccia 
and  volcanics  on  the  margin  of  an  extinct 
volcanic  caldera. 
  Lake  Resources  has 
undertaken drilling programs in 2005, 2007-8 
and 2012.   Geologically significant gold and 
trace  elements  have  been  intersected  in  a 
number  of  holes  -  these  results  support  the 
accumulating  evidence  of  potential  for 
economic porphyry copper-gold deposits.

The  Dasht-i-Gauran  area  is  situated  to  the 
west of copper mineralisation reported by TCC 
from drilling at its Sor Baroot Prospect at the 
Reko  Diq  Project,  and  covers  a  number  of 
possible  alteration  zones  identified  from 
interpretation of satellite images.

The Amalaf area adjoins the northern boundary 
of  the  Saindak  copper-gold  mine. 
  Our 
exploration target is large tonnage - low grade 
copper amenable to low-cost open-pit mining 
and trucking to the adjacent Saindak mine.   A 
percussion drilling program scheduled for the 
second  quarter  of  2012  was  postponed  as  a 
result of a new Government of Pakistan policy 
requiring  security  clearances  for  expatriate 
personnel engaged in exploration activities in 
the region. Application for these clearances is 
in progress.

th

Subsequent to 30  June 2013, the Directorate 
General of Mines and Minerals, Government of 
Balochistan, advised that it has cancelled the 
Company's  three  Exploration  Licences  in 
Balochistan due to lack of exploration activity. 

The Exploration Licences were due for renewal 
in September 2015.  The Company has lodged 
appeals  against  the  cancellations  and  is 
awaiting  notice  of  a  date  for  hearing  of  the 
appeals.     Other avenues for restoration of the 
Exploration Licences are being investigated by 
the Company's Country Manager in Pakistan.  In 
view of the uncertainty of the legal processes in 
Pakistan, the directors believe that it is prudent 
to  write  down  the  value  of  the  Company's 
investment in Pakistan to zero in the accounts 
dated 30  June 2013.  

th

In their First Quarter Report 2013, Barrick Gold 
stated that “In February 2013, the ICC tribunal 
issued  a  ruling  denying  Tethyan  Copper 
Company's request for provisional measures.”   
In  their  Second  Quarter  Report  2013,  Barrick 
noted  that  “Pakistan  received  an  extension  to 
file its opposition brief in the ICSID matter until 
September  2013. 
  The  ICSID  tribunal  is 
considering  scheduling  a  merits  hearing  for 
mid-2014.    The  ICC  tribunal  has  scheduled 
hearing dates for June 2014, and is considering 
the scope of these hearings.”

On  the  world  scene,  volatility  of  world 
economies and commodity demand and prices 
  The 
continue  to  dominate  the  outlook. 
Company is currently focussed on the status of 
its exploration licences in Pakistan – any future 
developments of the Company will depend on 
the outcome of the Company's interest in these 
licences.  The Company will also need to raise 
further  working  capital  to  continue  with  any 
planned activities.

I  wish  to  thank  my  fellow  directors, 
management  and  contractors  for  their 
contribution to the operation of the company.   
Thanks also to you, our shareholders, for your 
ongoing  support.    We  look  forward  to  your 
continuing association with Lake Resources.

Ross Johnston
Chairman

Approximately  70  km  west  of  Lake's 
Koh-i-Sultan  project  is  the  giant  Reko  Diq 
copper-gold  deposit  (see  Figure  1).    Barrick 
and  Antofagasta  each  hold  a  50%  interest  in 
Te t h y a n   C o p p e r   C o m p a n y   L i m i t e d  
(TCC/Tethyan), whose principal asset is a 75% 
interest  in  the  Reko  Diq  project,  with  the 
Government  of  Balochistan  holding  25%  . 
According  to  Antofagasta  “The  mineral 
resource at Reko Diq is estimated at   5.9 billion 
tonnes with an average copper   grade of 0.41% 
and average gold grade of       0.22g/tonne at a 
cut-off  grade  of  0.2%  copper    equivalent…” 
( A n t o f a g a s t a   w e b s i t e ,  
antofagasta.co.uk/interior/operations/f_explor
a.html)

Following the submission of a feasibility study 
to Government of Balochistan in August 2010, 
for  development  of  the  project,  Tethyan 
submitted an application for a mining lease in 
accordance with the Balochistan Mineral Rules 
in February 2011. 

In the financial report for the six months ended 
30 June 2012, Antofagasta stated that “On 15 
November  2011,  Tethyan  was  notified  by  the 
Government of Balochistan that the Government 
had rejected the application. Tethyan is pursuing 
two international arbitrations in order to protect 
its legal rights: one against the Government of 
Balochistan  with  the  International  Centre  for 
Settlement  of  Investment  Disputes  (“ICSID”) 
asserting breaches of the Bilateral Investment 
Treaty  between  Australia  (where  Tethyan  is 
incorporated)  and  Pakistan,  and  the  other 
against the Government of Balochistan with the 
International  Chamber  of  Commerce  (:ICC”), 
asserting breaches of the CHEJVA ( Chagai Hills 
Joint Venture Agreement).   Constitution of the 
ICC and ICSID arbitration panels is in progress”.  

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Exploration Projects

Mineral exploration is an inherently risky undertaking. Typically, for every 
one thousand mineral occurrences investigated, only one hundred 
warrant drilling and of these, only one ultimately proves to be 
economically mineable. 

Factors  that  influence  investment  decisions  for  scarce 
exploration  funds  include  geological  prospectivity, 
availability of geological, geophysical and exploration data, 
access  to  land,  sovereign  risk,  government  policies, 
infrastructure and competitive advantages.

PAKISTAN

AUSTRALIA

ARGENTINA

From its inception in 1997, Lake concentrated its early efforts in Pakistan 
and Sweden. In 2004, the Company wound down exploration in Sweden and 
shifted its focus to a promising new exploration play in Argentina, whilst continuing 
exploration in Pakistan. Following encouraging results from the company's first drilling program in 
Pakistan in late 2005, work in Argentina was placed on hold to concentrate on the company's more 
advanced copper and gold targets in Pakistan.

Pakistan

With a population of about 193 million (July 
2013  estimate),  the  Islamic  Republic  of 
Pakistan  is  bordered  by  Iran,  Afghanistan, 
China and India, and has a land area of 771 000 
square kilometres, about one tenth of the area 
of Australia.  

The Republic is made up of four provinces - 
Sindh  (capital,  Karachi),  Punjab  (Lahore), 
Khyber  Pakhtunkhwa  (formerly  North-West 
Frontier (Peshawar)) and Baluchistan (Quetta) 
and seven areas ('agencies') on the border with 
Afghanistan  known  as  the  federally-
administered tribal areas (FATA). Pakistan also 
administers part of the former princely state of 
Jammu  and  Kashmir  –  Gilgit-Baltistan  also 
known  as  Northern  Areas.    Islamabad  is  a 
special 'Federal Capital Territory'.

Pakistan has a federal system of government 
with  a  bicameral  legislature  comprising  the 
National  Assembly,  and  an  upper  house,  the 
Senate.    All  four  provinces  have  their  own 
elected  provincial  assemblies  and  each 
provincial  government  is  headed  by  a  chief 
minister  who  presides  over  the  provincial 
cabinet.  Provincial governors are appointed by 
the president. Local or district governments are 
headed by elected nazims.

2

Following  a  major  earthquake  in  Pakistan  in 
October 2005, Australia contributed more than 
$80 million in emergency assistance.  In 2010 
Australia's  program  grew  in  response  to  the 
devastating  floods  which  swept  through 
Pakistan  in  July  of  that  year,  providing  $75 
million  in  humanitarian  and  early  recovery 
assistance. 
  Australia's  total  official 
development assistance to Pakistan for 2012-
2013  is  estimated  at  A$86  million. 
  In 
2012—13  Australia  is  supporting  the  World 
Food Programme to provide emergency food 
rations for up to 975 000 people displaced by 
conflict  in  the  Federally  Administered  Tribal 
Areas.

Commercial  links  between  Australia  and 
Pakistan include BHP Billiton's investment in 
Pakistan's Zamzama gas field valued at US$100 
million.    Total  two-way  trade  in  2012  was 
A$879 million, principally food products, coal 
and cotton exports from Australia to Pakistan 
and textiles and rice from Pakistan to Australia.  
There  is  a  growing  Pakistani  community  in 
Australia  of  approximately  33  000  people  of 
Pakistani  ancestry  and,  in  2012,  there  were 
close to 11 000 Pakistani students studying in 
Australia.

th

Pakistan held National Assembly and provincial 
parliamentary  elections  in  May  2013. 
Pakistan's Government is led by Prime Minister 
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (since 6  June 
2013).  The next National Assembly election is 
due in 2018.   An election for 54 of the 100 
seats in the Senate was held in March 2012 
with the next election scheduled for 2015.  On 
th8   September  2013,  Mr  Mamnoon  Hussein 
was inaugurated as President for a 5-year term, 
replacing Mr Asif Ali Zardari.

Australia established diplomatic relations with 
Pakistan after partition and has had a resident 
mission in the country since 1948.   Bilateral 
relations  between  Australia  and  Pakistan 
include  agreements  on  promotion  and 
protection of investments, defence, agriculture 
and development assistance.

 
Lake Resources N.L.

A F G H A N I S T A N

Amalaf

AFGHANISTAN

IRAN

Chagai
Project

Quetta

N A T S I K A P

I N D I A

Dasht-i-Gauran

Karachi

TCC Reko Diq
Project

Koh-i-Sultan

Zahidan

Saindak
Copper-Gold
Mine

I R A N

Taftan

Rail

a

n

d

Lake resources Licence

In  the  early  1990s,  BHP  (subsequently  BHP 
Billiton (BHPB)) commenced exploration of the 
Chagai  region,  discovering  a  cluster  of 
porphyry  copper-gold  deposits  at  Reko  Diq.   
Tethyan Copper Company Ltd (TCC) continued 
exploration under an agreement with BHPB until 
early  2006  when  TCC  was  taken  over  by 
Antofagasta PLC.   Following the takeover, the 
TCC mineral interests have been managed and 
operated  by  a  50:50  joint  venture  between 
Antofagasta  and  Barrick  Gold  Corporation. 
Government of Balochistan has a 25% interest 
in the project.  

The  current  mineral  resource  at  Reko  Diq  is 
estimated at 5.9 billion tonnes with an average 
copper grade of 0.41% and average gold grade 
of  0.22  g/tonne  at  a  cut-off  grade  of  0,2% 
copper  equivalent  (Antofagasta  PLC,  Annual 
Report 2009).   Feasibility, environmental and 
social  impact  studies  were  finalised  and 
submitted  to  Government  of  Balochistan  in 
August 2010 and applications for mining leases 
were  submitted  in  February  2011.      On  15 
November  2011,  Tethyan  was  notified  by  the 
Government  of  Balochistan  that  the 
Government  had  rejected  the  application. 
Tethyan is pursuing international arbitrations in 
order to protect its legal rights.

s e a l e d

Hwy

Nok Kundi

P A K I S T A N

3

CHAGAI PROJECT
Lake Resources is exploring for epithermal gold 
and  porphyry  copper-gold  deposits  in  the 
Chagai region in western Balochistan.  

Regional Setting

The  project  area  is  situated  in  the  Tethyan 
Magmatic  Arc  which  extends  from  Turkey 
through Iran into Pakistan.   Important mineral 
deposits in the Arc include the Saindak copper-
gold mine, adjacent to Lake's Amalaf EL, and 
the Reko Diq porphyry copper-gold project of 
Antofagasta PLC and Barrick Gold Corporation.

Access is by sealed highway from the provincial 
capital of Quetta to the border with Iran.  A wide-
gauge railway parallels the highway.  

The first systematic geological mapping of the 
region, at a scale of 1 inch to 4 miles (1:253 
440),  was  undertaken  in  1952-56  under  a 
Canada-Pakistan  Colombo  Plan  project.    In 
1956-70, mapping and appraisal of geological 
resources in Pakistan was undertaken under a 
cooperative  program  between  geological 
Survey  of  Pakistan  (GSP)  and  the  U.S. 
Geological  Survey  which  resulted 
the 
discovery  of  the  copper-mineralised  quartz-
diorite stocks at Saindak.

in 

Further  exploration  at  Saindak  during  the 
1970's  resulted  in  the  discovery  of  porphyry 
copper,  gold  and  molybdenum  in  three 
deposits totalling 440 million tonnes @ 0.41% 
copper and 0.5g/t gold,

During  1991-93,  under  a  turnkey  contract, 
Metallurgical  Construction  Corporation  of 
China (MCC) constructed a metallurgical plant 
and open pit mine based on the South Orebody 
(78 Mt averaging 0.43% Cu and 0.5 g/t Au).   
The project was handed over to Saindak Metals 
Limited in January 1996 after a successful trial 
operation  which  produced  1  550  tonnes  of 
blister copper.   Due to a shortage of working 
capital,  the  mine  was  placed  on  a  'care  and 
maintenance' basis until 2003 when it was re-
commissioned under the management of MCC, 
who continue to operate mining and smelting 
operations at Saindak.  

 
ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Tenements

Lake  Resources  commenced  regional 
exploration in the Chagai region following the 
granting  of  a  10  000  sq  km  Reconnaissance 
Licence (RL) in early 1998.  

In March 2000, the RL was relinquished and four 
Exploration  Licences  (ELs),  covering  920  sq 
km, were granted to Lake.  These ELs expired in 
March 2009 and were replaced with three new 
ELs that were granted for a period of three years 
commencing  on  10   September  2009.    In 
2012, the ELs were renewed, over reduced areas 
(approx. 50%) for a further period of three years 
to September 2015.  Details are set out below.

th

Balochistan Tenements

Tenement

EL Number

Area
(sq km)

Lake
Interest

Date of
Grant

Date of
Expiry

Previous Work

Amalaf

(71)/5468-78

46.9

(see Note 1)

10/09/2009

9/09/2015

Dasht-i-Gauran

(72)/5492-5503

29.12

(see Note 1)

10/09/2009

9/09/2015

Koh-i-Sultan

(73)/5479-91

85.1

(see Note 1)

10/09/2009

9/09/2015

Note 1.  Clause 12 of the Licence documents provides that the grantee “…will also sign an agreement with the 
Government of Balochistan within a period of two months regarding participation/entry of the Government of 
Balochistan in the said licence/project with 12.5% share on 100% discount i.e. without any investment or 25% 
share with investment in accordance with the Latest Policy of the Government”.  Government of Balochistan 
advised in a letter dated 15  May 2010 that preparation of a draft agreement is in progress.

th

The  Dasht-i-Gauran  area  is  situated  to  the 
west of copper mineralisation reported by TCC 
from drilling at its Sor Baroot Prospect at the 
Reko  Diq  Project,  and  covers  a  number  of 
possible  alteration  zones  identified  from 
interpretation of satellite images.

At Koh-i-Sultan, Lake is exploring for gold and 
copper associated with an extensive system of 
intensely  altered  breccia  and  volcanics 
covering  an  area  of  more  than  five  square 
kilometres on the margin of an extinct volcanic 
caldera.

th

Subsequent to 30  June 2013, the Directorate 
General of Mines and Minerals, Government of 
Balochistan, advised that it has cancelled the 
Company's  three  Exploration  Licences  in 
Balochistan due to lack of exploration activity.   
The Company has lodged appeals against the 
cancellations and is awaiting notice of a date for 
hearing  of  the  appeals.      Other  avenues  for 
restoration  of  the  Exploration  Licences  are 
being investigated by the Company's Country 
Manager in Pakistan.

The Amalaf area adjoins the northern boundary 
  The 
of  the  Saindak  copper-gold  mine. 
exploration target is large tonnage - low grade 
copper amenable to low-cost open-pit mining 
and  trucking  to  the  adjacent  Saindak  mine 
operated  by  Chinese  company  Metallurgical 
Construction Corporation (MCC).

4

Initial exploration of the RL by Lake comprised 
geological  interpretation  of  multispectral 
Landsat  TM  images,  reprocessing  and 
interpretation of airborne magnetic survey data, 
follow-up  geological  reconnaissance  and 
geochemical  surveys.    This  work  identified 
numerous areas for more detailed exploration.

Work on the EL areas commenced with detailed 
geological  interpretation  of  merged  Landsat 
ETM  and  SPOT  satellite  images  at  1;25,000 
scale that produced detailed geological maps 
and  identified  alteration  zones  that  could  be 
associated  with  copper-gold  mineralisation.   
Subsequent  ground  investigation  of  these 
targets  included  geological  reconnaissance, 
geochemical sampling (stream sediment, soil 
and rock) and ground magnetic surveys.  

In  2004,  revised  geological  interpretations 
based on stereoscopic ASTER satellite images 
and  computer-processed  spectral  data  at 
1:25,000 scale were completed.   The ASTER 
spectral data provided enhanced discrimination 
between different alteration types that could be 
related to mineralisation.

In  2005,  Lake  undertook  a  6-hole  reverse 
circulation percussion drilling program — two 
holes  on  each  of  the  Company's  three 
Exploration  Licence  areas—with  encouraging 
results.

At Amalaf one of two holes drilled by Lake intersected low-grade copper-molybdenum over the 
length of the hole (drillhole LRJJ-02, 12 -120 m, 108 m @ 0.17%Cu & 94 ppm Mo).

At Koh-i-Sultan, drillhole LRM-01, the first hole ever drilled to test this system, intersected copper 
and gold mineralisation on the western margin of the system:

! 3    
1
3 -
1
9 m @ 0.29 g/t Au & 1.63% Cu;
12 m,    
1
! 12   
12 -
1
6 m @ 1.14 g/t Au & 0.25% Cu;
1
18 m,    
! 18   
18 -
69 m @ 0.55 g/t Au & 0.03% Cu (includes  36-60 m, 24m @ 1.05 g/t Au);
  87 m,  
! 129 
129 -
11 m @ 0.60 g/t Au & 0.02% Cu. 
140 m, 

The hole terminated at a depth of 140 m  in continuing gold mineralisation.  

i

In 2006, rock geochemical grid sampling (309 samples) at Koh-i-Sultan identified anomalous gold, 
tellurium, bismuth and arsenic in a cohesive pattern over an area of about five sq km covering the 
main Miri alteration system and associated zones to the west and south of the Nawah Caldera.

In  early  2007,  high  resolution  (2.5  m)  stereoscopic  satellite  imagery  from  the  Advanced  Land 
Observation Satellite (ALOS) was utilised to produce a new photogeological interpretation and a 
digital elevation model (DEM) and 10 m topographic contour map.  

In the latter part of 2007, preparations were made for a 3 000 m diamond drilling (coring) program to 
test a zone of breccia and alteration centred on an interpreted north-south-trending fault zone, near 
the western rim of Nawah Caldera at Koh-i-Sultan.  A logistics base was established at the village of 
Nok Kundi, approximately 35 km south of the drill sites, on the main highway linking the Chagai 
region with the provincial capital of Quetta and 2.8 km of access track to proposed drill sites were 
constructed. 

During 2008, five holes were completed for a total of 2 284 m.  Details of the drillholes are set out in 
the table below.

Hole No. 

North 
(m) 

East 
(m) 

R.L. 
(m) 

Azimuth  
(degrees)  

Angle 
(degrees)  

Total Depth
(m)

LRMDDH - 001 
LRMDDH - 002
LRMDDH - 003 
LRMDDH - 004
LRMDDH - 005 

3 222 046 
3 222 046
3 222 471 
3 222 469
3 222 422 

480 621 
480 616
480 706 
480 704
480 449 

2 049 
2 049
2 073 
2 073
2 063 

090.7° 
272.7°
086.7° 
263.7°
268.7° 

-62° 
-62°
-60° 
-61° 
-61.5° 

507.2 
538.4
550.6 
392.2
296.4 

Notes:

Location measured by GPS  estimated accuracy ± 5 m horizontal, ± 20m vertical.
Co-ordinates are UTM, WGS84.  
Azimuth is related to True North (magnetic variation 1.265° East)

The diamond drilling program resulted in two significant discoveries:

! porphyry-type copper-gold mineralisation in drillhole LRMDDH-002 (392 – 520 m,  128 m 

!

@ 0.14% Cu and 0.19 g/t Au) and
a  very  large,  variably-altered  and  mineralised  breccia  complex,  intersected  in  all  five 
drillholes, over a width of more than 700 m and a north-south extent of more than 400 m.  
Geologically  significant  gold  values  were  intersected  in  the  breccia  in  four  of  the  five 
drillholes. 

Lake Resources N.L.

5

 
ANNUAL REPORT 2013

250m  (approx.)

LRMDDH005
LRMDDH005

LRMDDH003 LRMDDH004
LRMDDH003 LRMDDH004

LRMDDH-004
LRMDDH-003

LRMDDH-005

Nawah

MIRI 
MIRI 
WEST
WEST

LRMDDH-001
LRMDDH-002

      Caldera

MIRI 
MIRI 
    EAST
    EAST

Alteration
Alteration
Zone
Zone

LRM01
LRM01
GOLD ZONE
GOLD ZONE

BATIL
BATIL

LRMDDH001 LRMDDH002
LRMDDH001 LRMDDH002

New Access Track
New Access Track

N

Drillhole site locations.

Individual  drillhole  results  are  summarized 
Individual  drillhole  results  are  summarized 
below:
below:

2005 Percussion Drillhole LRM-01
    3-12m, 0.29 g/t Au, 1.63% Cu
  12-18m, 1.14 g/t Au, 0.25% Cu
  18-87m, 0.55 g/t Au, 0.03% Cu
129-140m, 0.60 g/t Au, 0.02% Cu

! LRMDDH-001  intersected  zones  of  vent 
! LRMDDH-001  intersected  zones  of  vent 
breccias,  altered  breccias  and  barren 
breccias,  altered  breccias  and  barren 
feldspar porphyry.   Gold mineralization is 
feldspar porphyry.   Gold mineralization is 
present  in  altered  breccia  from  334  to         
present  in  altered  breccia  from  334  to         
340 m (6 m x 0.30 g/t Au), 364 to 376 m 
340 m (6 m x 0.30 g/t Au), 364 to 376 m 
(12 m x 0.55g/t Au) and 506 to 507.3 m 
(12 m x 0.55g/t Au) and 506 to 507.3 m 
(end of hole) (1.3 m x 0.77 g/t Au).
(end of hole) (1.3 m x 0.77 g/t Au).

2005 Percussion Drillhole LRM-02
   3-75m,        barren alt. porphyry.
75-131m, barren doleritic intrusive.

0

1

2km

During  the  first  half  of  2012,  a  reverse 
circulation  (RC)  drilling  program  totalling 
2,070  m  was  completed  at  the  Koh-i-Sultan 
project.    The  drilling,  which  was  originally 
scheduled  for  2011,  was  delayed  due  to  the 
unavailability of suitable drilling equipment in 
Pakistan.    A  crawler-mounted  multi-purpose 
(diamond  coring  and  percussion)  drill  and  a 

crawler-mounted air compressor (900 cfm @ 
350  psi),  were  shipped  from  Australia  by 
Interdrill Pty Ltd and drilling commenced in late 
March 2012.   

Seventeen  holes  were  drilled  within  an  area 
approximately 1,000 m east-west by 1,500 m 
north-south,  along  Miri  Nala,  southwest  of 
Nawah Caldera.

! LRMDDH-002 intersected altered breccias 
! LRMDDH-002 intersected altered breccias 
and  intrusive  porphyry.    Porphyry-type 
and  intrusive  porphyry.    Porphyry-type 
copper-gold  mineralization  is  present  in 
copper-gold  mineralization  is  present  in 
potassic-altered porphyry from 392 to 520 
potassic-altered porphyry from 392 to 520 
m  (128  m  x  0.14%Cu  and  0.19g/t  Au).   
m  (128  m  x  0.14%Cu  and  0.19g/t  Au).   
Anomalous molybdenum is present in the 
Anomalous molybdenum is present in the 
upper  part  of  the  porphyry  mineralization 
upper  part  of  the  porphyry  mineralization 
and also in the overlying breccias.
and also in the overlying breccias.

! LRMDDH-003  intersected  mainly  altered 
! LRMDDH-003  intersected  mainly  altered 
breccias with lesser vent breccia and minor 
breccias with lesser vent breccia and minor 
porphyry.  Gold is present in altered breccia 
porphyry.  Gold is present in altered breccia 
from 136 to 158 m (22 m x 0.41g/t Au).
from 136 to 158 m (22 m x 0.41g/t Au).
! LRMDDH-004  intersected  altered  mainly 
! LRMDDH-004  intersected  altered  mainly 
altered breccias.  Gold is present in altered 
altered breccias.  Gold is present in altered 
breccia from 242 to 258 m (16 m x 0.50g/t 
breccia from 242 to 258 m (16 m x 0.50g/t 
Au) and 320 to 324 m (4 m x 0.16 g/t Au).
Au) and 320 to 324 m (4 m x 0.16 g/t Au).
! LRMDDH-005 intersected altered breccias 
! LRMDDH-005 intersected altered breccias 
from top to bottom.   Supergene copper is 
from top to bottom.   Supergene copper is 
present from 80 to 108 m (28 m x 0.26% 
present from 80 to 108 m (28 m x 0.26% 
Cu), including 8 m x 0.56% Cu from 80 to 
Cu), including 8 m x 0.56% Cu from 80 to 
88 m.   Minor   gold   is   present   in   the 
88 m.   Minor   gold   is   present   in   the 
supergene  copper  zone  from  86  to  92  m       
supergene  copper  zone  from  86  to  92  m       
(6 m x 0.19 g/t Au) and further down-hole at 
(6 m x 0.19 g/t Au) and further down-hole at 
204 to 216 m (12 m x 0.32g/t Au) and 256 
204 to 216 m (12 m x 0.32g/t Au) and 256 
to 268 m (12 m x 0.15 g/t Au).
to 268 m (12 m x 0.15 g/t Au).

(Cutoff grades used for the above intersections 
(Cutoff grades used for the above intersections 
are 0.10 g/t Au and 0.1% Cu).
are 0.10 g/t Au and 0.1% Cu).

6

Lake Resources N.L.

479500 E

480000 E

480500 E

481000 E

3222500 N

3222000 N

LRMDDH-005

LRMDDH-004

LRMDDH-003

LRMRC-017

LRMRC-016

LRMRC-015

LRMRC-013

LRMRC-014

LRMDDH-002

LRMDDH-001

LRMRC-011

LRMRC-012

3221500 N

LRMRC-009

LRMRC-018

LRMRC-010

LRMRC-008

LRM-01

LRMRC-019

LRMRC-007

3221000 N

LRMRC-005

LRMRC-006

LRMRC-004

LRMRC-003

LRM-02

LEGEND

Drill hole collar 
and surface projection

LRM-01- 02             
LRMDDH-001- 05   
LRMRC-003 - 019   

2005
2008
2012

0

500m

Map Grid UTM/WGS84/Zone 41N

Koh-i-Sultan
DRILL HOLES and ACCESS TRACKS

A number of the drillholes were terminated before reaching planned depth when they encountered potentially lethal concentrations of pressurized H2S 
gas.  Drillhole location and orientation details are set out in the table below.

Hole No. 

LRMRC-003
LRMRC-004
LRMRC-005
LRMRC-006
LRMRC-007
LRMRC-008
LRMRC-009
LRMRC-010
LRMRC-011
LRMRC-012
LRMRC-013
LRMRC-014
LRMRC-015
LRMRC-016
LRMRC-017
LRMRC-018
LRMRC-019

North 
(m) 

3 220 787 
3 220 968
3 220 970 
3 221 003
3 221 009 
3 221 447
3 221 441 
3 221 624
3 221 779 
3 221 769 
3 222 006 
3 222 006 
3 222 171 
3 222 171 
3 222 260 
3 222 172 
3 222 175 

East 
(m) 

479 689 
479 623
479 615 
479 765
479 762 
479 645
479 649 
479 800
479 971 
479 970 
480 116 
480 124 
480 316 
480 312 
480 558 
479 588 
479 597 

R.L. 
(m) 

1,748 
1,751
1,760 
1,786
1,786 
1,782
1,797 
1,819
1,852 
1,852 
1,896 
1,896 
1.940 
1.940 
2,005 
1,755 
1,755 

Azimuth  
(degrees)  

Angle 
(degrees)

Total Depth
(m)

Reason for termination

090°
090°
271°
092°
273°
091°
272°
088°
270°
090°
269°
090°
089°
270°
271°
275°
095°

-60° 
-60°
-60° 
-60°
-60° 
-60°
-60° 
-60°
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 
-60° 

112 
73
148 
80
157 
139
133 
139
160 
139 
98 
100 
211 
151 
64 
79 
78 

Intersected H S gas
2
Lost air
Risk of H S gas
Unpromising rocks

2

Risk of H S gas
Intersected H S gas

2

2

2

Intersected H S gas
Risk of H S gas
Intersected H S gas

2

2

7

Intersected water
Risk of H S gas
Risk of H S gas

2

2

Notes:
                  Co-ordinates are UTM, WGS84, Zone 41N, Azimuth is magnetic (magnetic variation 1.8° East), R.L is height above mean sea level

 Location measured by GPS – estimated accuracy ± 5 m horizontal, ± 20m vertical.

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Drillhole  chip  samples  were  collected 
continuously  via  a  cyclone  splitter  for  2  m 
intervals  and  subjected  to  geochemical 
analysis by ALS Laboratories in Brisbane for 
49 elements including silver base metals and 
a range or rare earths and trace elements by 
ICPAES and ICMP analysis, and gold by fire 
assay with AAS finish.

Work Completed in 2012-2013

During the year under review, work focussed 
on compilation and evaluation of data from 
the 2012 percussion drilling program.

At the southern end of the area, in the vicinity 
of  the  gold  intersection  in  2005  drillhole 
LRM-01,  seven  holes  intersected  variably 
altered volcanics and breccia.  Five of these 
holes  (LRMRC  005,  006,  007  &009)  were 
essentially barren, except for patchy elevated 
levels of manganese. 

However, significant gold was intersected in 
four drillholes, with associated copper in two 
of these holes, similar to drillhole LRM-01 
drilled in 2005.

! LRMRC-003: from 64 to 68 m (4 m @ 
0.17 g/t Au) and 74 to 90 m (16 m @ 
0.14 g/t Au).

! LRMRC-005: from 90 to 92 m (2 m @ 
0.11 g/t Au), 96 to 100 m (4 m @ 0.29 
g/t Au), 106 to 112 m (6 m @ 0.13 g/t 
Au) and 124 to 134 m (10 m @ 0.43 g/t 
Au).

! LRMRC-018: from 2 to 16 m (14 m @ 
2.20 g/t Au & 0.32% Cu, including 2 to 
12 m (10 m @ 2.96 g/t Au & 0.44% Cu) 
and 68 to 72 m (4 m @ 0.19 g/t Au).
! LRMRC-019: from 2 to 78 m, anomalous 
gold  over  the  complete  hole  (average 
1.47 g/t Au) with copper in the top 18 m, 
including 2 to 22 m (20 m @ 2.23 g/t Au 
& 0.18% Cu), 22 to 58 m (36 m @ 0.27 
g/t Au), 58 to 70 m (12 m @ 4.53 g/t Au) 
and 70 to 78 m (8 m @ 0.39 g/t Au).

8

These  results  are  interpreted  to  support 
potential  for  a  large  porphyry  copper-gold 
target associated with the porphyry copper-
gold intersection in 2008 drillhole LRMDDH-
002 (392 to 520 m : 128 m @ 0.14% Cu and 
0.19 g/t Au).

A  substantial  program  of  deep  diamond 
drilling (500 – 600m) would be required to 
test these targets below the levels achievable 
with RC drilling.

A planned RC drilling program at the Amalaf 
Exploration Licence area that was scheduled 
for the second quarter 2012, was postponed 
as a result of a new Government of Pakistan 
policy  requiring  security  clearances  for 
expatriate personnel engaged in exploration 
activities in this region.  Application for these 
clearances is in progress.

The  future  of  further  exploration  will  be 
dependent on the outcome of appeals by the 
company  against  cancellation  of  its 
exploration licences in Balochistan.

These  results  are  interpreted  to  support 
potential  for  a  significant  gold  target,  with 
possible supergene copper in the LRM001 – 
LRMRC003/005/018/019 area.  The copper-
gold association could indicate potential for 
porphyry  copper-gold  mineralization 
beneath this area.

To the north, drillholes LRMRC 010 – 017 
intersected  zones  of  geochemically 
anomalous molybdenum (>5 ppm up to 130 
ppm)  and  copper  (>300  ppm  up  to  1675 
ppm).  Minor gold was intersected in some of 
these drillholes:

! LRMRC-010: from 28 to 42 m (14 m @ 
0.16 g/t Au), 56 to 70 m (14 m @ 0.34 
g/t Au) and 134 to 139 m (5 m @ 0.13 
g/t Au).

! LRMRC-013: from 46 to 48 m (2 m @ 

0.31 g/t Au).

! LRMRC-014: from 78 to 84 m (6 m @ 

0.20 g/t Au).

! LRMRC-015: from 74 to 76 m (2 m @ 

0.38 g/t Au).

! LRMRC-016: from 86 to 92 m (6 m @ 
0.13 g/t Au), 110 to 120 m (10 m @ 
0.13 g/t Au) and 150 to 151 m (1 m @ 
0.21 g/t Au).

! LRMRC-017: from 06 to 08 m (2 m @ 
0.11 g/t Au), 12 to 14 m (2 m @ 0.11 g/t 
Au) and 16 to 20 m (4 m @ 0.11 g/t Au).

(Cutoff grade used for the above intersections is 
0.10 g/t Au)

The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results, is based on information compiled by Jim Clavarino who is a Member of The Australasian Institute of 
Mining and Metallurgy.  Mr. Clavarino is Exploration Director of Lake Resources NL and is employed by Argent Resources Pty Ltd.   Mr. Clavarino has sufficient 
experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a 
Competent Person as defined in the 2004 Edition of the 'Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves'.   Mr. 
Clavarino consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.

Glossary of Terms

Lake Resources N.L.

PAKISTAN

ARGENTINA

AUSTRALIA

In this Report, the following words have these meanings unless the  context otherwise requires:

"Alteration" means chemical changes to rocks and minerals, commonly related to ore-forming processes.
"Andean-type arc" means a chain of volcanic centres and intrusives associated with continental plate margins.
"Anomaly/anomalous" means abnormal; in geological data may indicate a target for investigation.
"Argillic alteration" means a type of alteration of rocks and minerals to clay minerals.
“Base metals" means any of the more common metals such as copper, lead and zinc.
"Batholith" means a large body of intrusive igneous rock.
"Breccia" means a rock made up of angular coarse fragments.
"Caldera" means a more or less circular volcanic depression whose diameter is many times greater than that of a volcanic vent.
"Chalcopyrite" means one of the sulphide minerals of copper.
"Diamond drilling" means a method of drilling using diamond tipped drill bits to recover solid core samples from the ground.
"Disseminated" means mineral particles scattered more or less evenly within rock or zone of rocks.
"Epithermal" means ore deposited at shallow depths from ascending hot solutions.
"Float" means rocks no longer in their original place.
"Geochemical sampling" means the collection and chemical analysis of geological samples for metals and trace elements.
"Geophysical surveys" means surveys using instruments to detect and measure naturally occurring and induced magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic properties of 
the earth.
"GIS" (Geographic/Geologic Information System) means a system for defining, storing, manipulating and presenting spatially related information such as geological, 
geophysical, geochemical and topographic data.
"Gossan" means the outcropping ferruginous deposits derived from the oxidation of underlying sulphide minerals.
"Gravity (survey/data)" means measurements of the earth's field of gravity, which varies depending on the underlying rocks.
"g/t" means grams per tonne, a measurement commonly used for precious metal ores.
"Island arc" means a chain of volcanic islands associated with oceanic tectonic plate margins.
"km" means kilometres.
"Magnetic (survey/data)" means measurement of the earth's natural magnetic field, which varies depending on the underlying rocks.
"Magnetite" means one of the oxide minerals of iron.
"Massive sulphide" means mineral deposits containing a high proportion of sulphide minerals.
"Net smelter return" means the payment made by a smelter to a mine for the contained metal in concentrate after deduction of all smelting and refining costs, penalties, 
deductions and freight.
“Porphyry deposits" refer to a type of mineral deposit (usually copper, molybdenum and gold) associated with intrusive igneous rocks where the valuable minerals are 
present in disseminated form.
"ppb" means parts per billion, a measurement of concentration.
"ppm" means parts per million, a measurement of concentration.
"Precious metals" means gold, silver or any of the platinum group of metals.
"Quaternary age" means a geologic period of time from 1.8 million years ago to present.
"Satellite images" means digital images of the earth's surface compiled from spectral data collected by sensors carried in special-purpose satellites, readily available for 
all parts of the world from various commercial and government sources.
"Sheeted dykes" means groups of thin (relative to length) tabular igneous intrusives.
"Sovereign risk" means the potential risk that could arise due to a change in government or government policy.
"Sq km" means a measurement of area in square kilometres.
"Stockwork" means a network of veins.
"Stratigraphic" refers to identifiable geological strata.
"Stratovolcano" means a stratified volcanic cone of large proportions.
"Stream sediment sample" means a sample of the silt and sand collected from a stream bed for geochemical analysis.
"Supergene deposit" means a mineral deposit formed by descending surficial solutions.
"Tectonic plate" means a distinct cohesive block of the earth's crust.
"Tenements" means mineral exploration and mining titles granted by government agencies.

Lake Resources N.L.

3-7 Maud Street
Newstead  QLD 4006
GPO Box 1239
Brisbane  4001 Australia

Telephone: +61 7 3252 0255
Facsimile:  +61 7 3257 2122
Email: lakeresources@lakeresources.com.au

I

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