Learning Technologies Group plc
Annual Report 2015

Plain-text annual report

learning technologies group Learning Technologies Group plc ANNUAL REPORT 2015 For the year ended 31 December 2015 CONTENTS 4 9 Chairman’s Statement Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2015 17 Directors’ Report for the year ended 31 December 2015 23 Corporate Governance Report 26 Report of the Audit Committee 28 Report of the Remuneration Committee 31 32 34 35 36 Directors’ Responsibilities Statement in respect of the Annual Report and the Financial Statements Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Learning Technologies Group plc Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 37 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 39 87 88 90 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2015 Company Statement of Financial Position Company Statement of Changes in Equity Notes to the Company Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2015 99 Company information 4 plc Annual Report 2015 CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT I am pleased to report a successful year in the development of Learning Technologies Group plc (“LTG”) as a market-leader in the fast growing learning technologies sector. We made a number of important strategic acquisitions and investments to build our end-to-end offer, whilst also driving good organic growth through our enhanced capabilities. As a result, the Group delivered strong growth in revenue, operating profit and earnings for the financial year ended 31 December 2015. Market opportunity Strategic progress In an increasingly fast moving global service-based economy, organisations are becoming more aware of the significant impact that incremental improvements in staff performance can have on their businesses, particularly in efficiency, customer service and profitability. The global corporate training market, of which LTG is focused on the digital learning segment, is estimated to be worth £140 billion in 2016 with a five year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23%. Organisations are now looking to measure more precisely which learning interventions are most effective, using adaptive models which draw data from multiple sources to establish returns on e-learning investment. The e-learning industry is highly fragmented, comprising a multitude of small operators with each offering a limited range of services. There are few providers that are able to offer clients a truly comprehensive solution, which meets their evolving requirements for data driven solutions, and have the scale and in-depth experience to service large corporations and government organisations. We believe LTG is the only player to provide such a broad service offering. The market opportunity for LTG is to build the leading end-to-end workplace e-learning solution, which partners its global clients through the creation, implementation and maintenance of their integrated e-learning strategies. In 2015, we built on the foundations laid in 2014 with the acquisitions of LINE and Preloaded. In July, the Group acquired Eukleia Training Limited (“Eukleia”), a provider of e-learning services to the financial services sector. This acquisition marked LTG’s first move into a vertical sector specialism, which complements the Group’s existing expertise in e-learning strategy and implementation. After the year end, we announced on 29 January 2016 that LTG had acquired the entire issued share capital of Rustici Software LLC (‘Rustici’), the expert in digital learning interoperability. Rustici is the acknowledged global leader in SCORM conformance (the de facto industry standard for e-learning interoperability), which enables online learning content and management systems to communicate and work together. At the same time, we acquired a 27.3% stake in Watershed Systems Inc (‘Watershed’). Watershed has developed a SaaS-based learning analytics capability, which evaluates the impact and effectiveness of learning programmes, which is a significant advance for the e-learning industry. The acquisition of Rustici and our investment in Watershed have substantially enhanced the Group’s ability to capture rich data about the learner and analyse and assess the impact of e-learning on organisational performance.  plc Annual Report 2015 5 We are beginning to see the benefits of our blended service strategy, through increasing take-up by our customers. Our consultative and comprehensive approach is driving organic growth and, with the integration of our businesses and implementation of best practice, we realised impressive increases in profits and margins in 2015. The success of our strategy was best exemplified by the landmark deal announced in December 2015, to design and develop a new learning architecture and to create and deliver blended courses that incorporate a combination of digital, informal and classroom components for the entire UK Civil Service, alongside our strategic partner KPMG UK LLP. Civil Service Learning (‘CSL’) delivers learning to more than 400,000 civil servants for whom we are designing and developing blended learning across 15 curriculum areas, from leadership and management, diversity, EU practices, through to project management and digital delivery. This demonstrates the credibility and scale of LTG’s offering and capabilities. Dividend and Annual General Meeting In light of the results for 2015 and to demonstrate our confidence in the prospects for the Group in 2016, the Board is recommending an increased final dividend of 0.10p per share (2014: 0.07p per share), giving a total dividend for the year of 0.15p per share (2014: 0.10p per share). This final dividend is subject to shareholder approval at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting to be held on 19 May 2016. Board changes I am delighted to announce that Peter Gordon will join the Board as a Non-executive Director with effect from 1 April 2016. Peter brings with him 20 years of venture and private capital expertise at 3i Group plc and over the past year has assisted LTG in the successful acquisitions of Eukleia and Rustici. Current trading and outlook The Group has enjoyed a strong start to 2016 and is trading in line with management’s expectations. We expect the current financial year to benefit from a healthy order book, increased sales resulting from our compelling blended learning capability and continuing strong margins. The acquisition of Rustici and the investment in Watershed firmly places LTG at the heart of a rapidly evolving e-learning industry. The CSL contract will require a significant “up-front” cash investment in 2016. The financial returns on this investment are expected to begin accruing in the second half of the current financial year with substantial returns expected in 2017 and 2018. The Board is therefore confident in the Group’s prospects and expects to report further progress during 2016. If approved, the final dividend will be paid on 4 July 2016 to all shareholders on the register at 10 June 2016. Andrew Brode Chairman People The Group has enjoyed a transformational year in which we have seen margins improve and the benefits of our blended offering begin to have a marked effect. This could not have been achieved without the skill, passion and hard work of all of our staff. On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank them for their efforts during the year. 6 plc Annual Report 2015 MOVING LEARNING TO THE HEART OF BUSINESS STRATEGY a comprehensive e-learning solution learning technologies group MOVING LEARNING TO THE HEART OF BUSINESS STRATEGY a comprehensive e-learning solution plc Annual Report 2015 7 Blended learning advisory Strategic Operational Defining success Personalisation Subject matter expertise C o n sultancy Content Bespoke Generic Video Games with purpose Virtual Reality (VR) Augmented Reality (AR) Face to face Feedback Learner Company Corporate initiatives n tio c A C r e a t i o n A n alysis e liv ery D Learner data Analytics Measurement Platforms PCs Smartphones Tablets Portals Localisation Helpdesk 8 plc Annual Report 2015 STRATEGIC REPORT  plc Annual Report 2015 9 STRATEGIC REPORT For the year ended 31 December 2015 Financial results During 2014, LTG made its first two acquisitions, LINE Communications Holdings Limited (‘LINE’) and Preloaded Limited (‘Preloaded’). On 31 July 2015, LTG acquired Eukleia Training Limited (‘Eukleia’). In the year ended 31 December 2015, the Group generated revenue of £19.9 million (2014: £14.9 million), a 33% increase. Adjusted EBITDA increased by 107% to £4.3 million (2014: £2.1 million). To provide a better understanding of the underlying business performance, adjusted EBITDA excludes the amortisation of acquisition-related intangible assets, the amortisation of internal capitalised development costs, depreciation, share based payment charges and other exceptional items. £4.3m £2.1m £1.5m 2013 2014 2015 Significant increase in EBITDA margin to 21% (2014: 14%) Unadjusted operating profit increased by 441% to £1.8 million (2014: £0.3 million). The implementation of operational best practice across the Group, a restructuring of the delivery teams in the second half of 2015 and increased economies of scale contributed towards a significant improvement in adjusted EBITDA margins in the year to 21% (2014: 14%). On a like-for-like basis, as if the businesses that LTG owned at the end of 2015 had been owned at the end of 2014, the order book is broadly in line with the prior year. The order book is defined as the value of contracts won but not yet delivered. The Civil Service Learning (CSL) multi-year contract win should add substantially to the order book during 2016 and we will update the market on this in due course. The amortisation charge for acquisition-related intangible assets was £1.2 million (2014: £0.6 million) and is discussed further in Note 11. The amortisation charge for internally generated development costs was £0.2 million (2014: £0.1 million) and relates to the development of ‘gomo’, the Group’s award- winning multi-device authoring tool, various software tools used within the Eukleia business and an internally generated library of governance, risk and compliance (‘GRC’) materials used to service clients. The share-based payment charge increased from £0.6 million in 2014 to £0.8 million in 2015. Further details are provided in Note 22. Integration costs of £0.1 million (2014: £0.3 million) relate to restructuring costs following the acquisition of Eukleia in July 2015. Profit before tax was £1.5 million (2014: loss of £0.1 million) and adjusted profit before tax (see Note 9) increased by 113% to £3.8 million in 2015 (2014: £1.8 million). Costs of acquisitions in 2015 were £0.2 million (2014: £0.3 million) and finance charges related to contingent consideration of the acquisitions of Preloaded and Eukleia, were £0.2 million (2014: £0.2 million). The income tax expense of £0.1 million in 2015 (2014: £35,000) is stated after adjusting for the effect of the release of deferred tax on the amortisation of acquired intangibles and a deferred tax asset related to the anticipated vesting of share options. Further details are provided in Note 8. On a statutory basis, basic earnings per share (‘EPS’) increased to 0.382 pence (2014: loss of 0.049 pence). Based on the average number of shares in issue and adjusted operating profit during the year, adjusted basic EPS increased by 106% to 0.809 pence (2014: 0.393 pence). Further details are provided in Note 9. On 31 July 2015 the Group acquired 100% of the issued share capital of Eukleia, a specialist provider of governance, risk and compliance services to the financial services sector. Initial consideration 10 plc Annual Report 2015 STRATEGIC REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 comprised £6.8 million cash and £1.5 million in LTG equity. A capped earn-out of up to £3.5 million over 2 years is subject to demanding revenue growth targets. Goodwill on acquisition has been calculated at £4.6 million with acquisition-related intangible assets of £4.7 million represented mainly by customer relationships. Eukleia contributed £2.5 million revenue and £0.4 million profit before tax to the Group in the final five months of 2015. Further details of the acquisition are provided in Note 29. EPS up 102% Adjusted diluted EPS increases to 0.756p (2014: 0.375p) LTG partly funded its acquisition of Eukleia through the placing of 35,714,286 shares at 21 pence per share, raising £7.5 million. Subsequent to the financial year end, on 29 January 2016, LTG acquired Rustici, the global market leader in digital learning interoperability, for an initial consideration of USD 26.0 million of which USD 20.0 million was paid in cash and USD 6.0 million in newly issued LTG shares at 29.19 pence per share. Further performance based payments, capped at USD 11.0 million, are payable based on ambitious revenue growth targets over the next 3 years. 80% of Rustici’s current revenues are from recurring subscription fees. LTG also acquired a 27.3% investment in Watershed, the developer of the next generation learning analytics platform, for USD 3.0 million. Further details are provided in Note 30. The Group has a strong balance sheet with shareholders’ equity at 31 December 2015 of £25.5 million, equivalent to 6.3 pence per share (2014: shareholders’ equity of £14.4 million, equivalent to 4.1 pence per share). The gross cash position at 31 December 2015 was £7.3 million (2014: £4.4 million). The Group had no debt at 31 December 2015. As a result of strong cash conversion, net cash generated from operating activities was £4.0 million (2014: £0.9 million) and the operating cash conversion rate (the percentage by which cash generated from operations covers adjusted EBITDA) was 105%. Corporation tax payments were £0.5 million (2014: £32,000). Cash outflows from investing activities were £6.2 million (2014: £4.9 million) and included £1.9 million in contingent consideration payments to Preloaded vendors following the strong performance of the company in 2014. Cash inflows from financing activities were £5.1 million (2014: £7.2 million) and are stated after dividend payments which increased to £0.4 million following a maiden dividend payment of £0.1 million in 2014. Debtor days were 64 days (2014: 49 days), reflecting the extended payment terms agreed with some clients but combined debtor and WIP days were 34 days (2014: 34 days), following the implementation of accelerated invoicing. Dividend up 50% On 3 March 2015 the Group incorporated Learning Technologies Group (Trustee) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Learning Technologies Group plc. The purpose of the company is to act as an Employee Benefit Trust (‘EBT’) for the benefit of current and previous employees of the Group. At 31 December 2015 the EBT holds 404,340 ordinary shares in LTG. These shares are held in treasury. Proposed full year dividend increased to 0.15p (2014: 0.10p) Our strategy LTG’s aim is to create a group of market-leading businesses providing complementary services in the fast growing learning technologies sector to form an international business of size and scale that is able to meet the demanding expectations of corporate and government customers. This strategy is being delivered through a mixture of ‘best in class’ acquisitions that will help us create a comprehensive e-learning solution for our customers, as well as through targeted investment in internally generated intellectual property and the extension of best working practices to deliver strong organic growth.  plc Annual Report 2015 11 We continue to pursue our strategy of helping organisations adopt learning at a strategic level. ‘Moving learning to the heart of business strategy’ is achieved through our end-to-end service offering which enables us to partner with global clients throughout the creation, implementation and maintenance of their learning strategies. We deliver transformational results through learning innovation and the effective use of learning. However the vital piece that has been missing is the ability to accurately measure and assess the impact of learning on the performance of an organisation’s people. This is similar to the challenge faced by the marketing profession a decade ago, when they began the measurement revolution which has allowed marketeers to track individual responses to campaigns through to eventual sale. We believe the learning industry is at the same tipping point; finally we are in the position where enough sufficiently rich data about the learner can be captured and assimilated to analyse and quantify the organisational impact. Our capabilities LTG offers a wide range of learning solution capabilities which enables us to offer a comprehensive service to our customers. These capabilities range from industry-leading strategic consultants, through implementation advisory services, bespoke e-learning content, Learning Management Systems platform implementation and management, to learning game design and cloud- based authoring products. LEO is the Group’s main operating business which brings together these capabilities. During 2015, the business restructured its operations to focus on account management, bringing the most effective solutions to its customers. Although LEO had some tough comparatives from 2014 to beat, it delivered impressive margin improvements in the year. The Group’s increased breadth of offering enabled LEO to provide more comprehensive solutions to its customers and to help position the Group as a strategic partner to its clients, helping them realise their strategic ambitions from base principles all the way through to compelling blended learning solutions. The CSL contract win in December 2015 highlighted LEO’s thought leadership and wholly scalable e-learning solutions for large corporates and government. ‘Gamification’ or more particularly games with purpose, is one of many exciting developments in the e-learning industry. LTG is at the forefront of this development through its BAFTA award-winning business, Preloaded. Preloaded had an exceptional year delivering learning game solutions to the British Museum and MyCognition. In October 2015, Preloaded finished the development of a learning application for McDonalds. This game was successfully launched in 42 countries across Europe and has achieved phenomenal take-up and retention rates. We are continuing to build on this work in 2016. Preloaded has seen early success in 2016 in diversifying its client base and leveraging the wider LTG network. LTG’s cloud-based multi device authoring tool, gomo, made good progress in 2015, following the launch of gomo 3.0 in March. gomo won the prestigious 2015 Brandon Hall Gold Award for the Best Advance in Content Authoring Technology. The SaaS tool enables a variety of users, from single authors to large multi-national enterprise solution clients, to collaborate and publish rich and compelling learning content to a variety of platforms (including PCs, tablets and smartphones) in real-time. Clients include Nike, United Healthcare and J.P.Morgan and we are seeing strong retention rates as clients renew their annual licences. Alongside expanding LTG’s functional capabilities, which are applied across a wide variety of markets, LTG is also looking to invest in specific sector specialisms, particularly in more regulated markets such as pharmaceuticals, healthcare and resources. The acquisition of Eukleia in July 2015 was the Group’s first move into subject-matter specialism – Governance, Risk and Compliance (GRC). Eukleia is an industry leader in the GRC space specialising in the financial services sector. The integration of Eukleia is already complete and the business is operating to plan. The acquisition of Rustici and investment in Watershed post year end in January 2016 has moved LTG to the heart of the e-learning industry. Rustici is the acknowledged global leader in SCORM, the de 12 plc Annual Report 2015 STRATEGIC REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 facto industry standard for e-learning interoperability, enabling online learning content and learning management systems to communicate and work together. As the global market leader, Rustici was asked by Advanced Distributed Learning, a US government body, to lead the industry in creating the next generation of learning interoperability standards. It created a global standard to capture rich data on every aspect of learning experiences - xAPI. Watershed focuses on developing learning analytics that provide actionable insights to customers who want to adapt their learning strategy, creating more effective learning experiences and ultimately generating verifiable business results. We view the ability to measure the impact of learning as the next major disruption in the learning profession and LTG is placed in the vanguard of this crucial change. LTG is also looking to develop its capabilities, in particular through the ability to further personalise the learning experience, through more social learning environments and technology advances such as augmented reality. Our market sectors Through its established operating companies LTG has extensive experience in a variety of market sectors. These include the Defence sector where during 2015, LEO continue its support of the Defence Learning Environment, Virtual Task Trainer and redesigned and delivered a Chief Petty Officer training programme. In the Automotive sector, LEO has produced mobile delivered sales enablement tools to teach staff and support customers on the new Jaguar Land Rover range, and create product launch training for Volvo. LEO’s expertise across government is extensive. In addition to the transformational contract that was won with CSL in December 2015, building on long-standing relationships going back to 2011, LEO has undertaken projects for the Department for Education, National Health Service, and the Department for Work & Pensions. LEO has a growing presence in the FMCG and luxury goods markets with Mars, Anheuser-Busch, L’Oreal and IwC amongst LEO’s clients. In addition the infrastructure and transport industry sector business remains buoyant with HS2, Brambles and British Airways leveraging LEO’s extensive expertise. The Group has strengthened its presence in the financial services sector through the acquisition of Eukleia. Alongside Eukleia’s specialist bespoke content services, the company offers blended learning solutions such as generic content and instructor-led training given by industry-leading experts. Clients include HSBC, Barclays and Deutsche Bank. The company is looking to extend its compliance offering into other industry sectors and in the past few months has won contracts with clients such as Novartis and Brambles to deliver anti-bribery and code of conduct training. LTG is seeking opportunities to strengthen its position in other market sectors, including retail, media and pharmaceuticals. Our international reach £19.9m £7.6m £14.9m With offices in London, Brighton and Sheffield, LTG is the leading e-learning business in the UK and through its office in Zurich LTG is able to service clients throughout Europe. LEO has also set up operations in North and South America. Revenues increased by 33% in 2015 2014 2015 2013 LEO Learning Inc was established in New York in 2012. After a successful 2014, the company had a slow start to 2015. Following the appointment of a new Senior Vice President in March 2015, the company has seen impressive growth with new clients such as Amazon, SAP and Anheuser-Busch. In November, the company opened an office in Bloomington, Indiana to provide a new production facility, and with  plc Annual Report 2015 13 the acquisition of Rustici in Nashville, Tennessee, the Group is further cementing its position in the world’s largest e-learning market – the US. In 2011, LEO established a joint venture in Brazil, LEO Brazil. The JV has had success in winning projects with Brazilian firms such as Instituto Unibanco and Unicarioca, as well as the local operations of a number of multi-nationals including TIM, Shell and Coca-Cola. Headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, the company had a particularly strong sales year, and our production investment programme in the first half of the year had a marked impact on improving margins in the second half of the year. The company continues to invest in sales and marketing in order to grow the top line and opened a second sales office in Sao Paulo. Over the medium term, LTG is focused on strengthening its presence in the US and European markets and on leveraging its industry-leading capabilities for the benefit of its global clients. Key Performance Indicators The Key Performance Indicators (‘KPIs’) are sales, profit and cash flow. The sales of the business are tracked through the Order Book (unworked contracted sales). Profitability of the business, with its relatively low fixed-cost base, is managed primarily via the review of revenue with secondary measures of consultant utilisation and monthly project margin reviews. Working capital is reviewed by measures of debtor days and combined debtor and WIP days. Principal risks and uncertainties In addition to the financial risks discussed in Note 27, the Directors consider that the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group and a summary of the key measures taken to mitigate those risks are as follows: Potential downturn in the market for outsourced e-learning services LTG is dependent on the market for outsourced e-learning services. An economic downturn or instability may cause customers to delay or cancel e-learning development projects and/or related services, or to use internal resources to achieve their business goals. The Group seeks to mitigate this risk by diversifying exposure across geographical markets, increasing the number of market sectors in which the Group operates, diversifying the type of customers with whom the Group operates, increasing the range of service offerings that the Group provides and marketing activities to inform current and prospective customers about the benefits of outsourced e-learning services and LTG’s proven ability to fulfil those objectives. Attracting and retaining talented staff LTG is a market leader and we will ensure that all our operating companies are regarded as excellent employers within the e-learning industry. We benchmark ourselves against our peers regularly and are satisfied we offer competitive salaries and outstanding personal development opportunities that are further enhanced by LTG’s ambitious growth plans. We have been successful in recruiting and retaining high calibre staff. However we recognise we must continue our focus as competition for talented people intensifies within the learning technologies sector. Project overruns Projects may overrun and/or may fail to meet specified milestones. The majority of LTG’s projects are contracted on a fixed price basis. Project overruns can lead to loss of margin on projects and overall profitability for the Group. The Group seeks to mitigate this risk by operating a formal bid review process, incorporating appropriate risk premiums into agreements if appropriate, conducting regular project reviews to assess whether the revenue recognised on work-in-progress is a fair representation of actual costs incurred and estimated costs to completion, and management meetings with clients to review progress on projects. Reputational risk Failings in service provision are almost certainly going to be caused by human error. LTG has refined its ISO 9001 management processes over the last two decades and constantly reviews and updates them based on ‘lessons learned’. Furthermore, all projects are reviewed regularly for performance against customer expectation, delivery milestones and forecast margins. Extensive work is undertaken in 14 plc Annual Report 2015 STRATEGIC REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 reviewing customer feedback and any complaints are reported to the Board. Integrating acquisitions LTG aims to grow its businesses organically but also consolidate the sector by selective acquisitions of high quality companies. The challenge is to integrate them into the Group, which may require merging them with existing operations, without losing key staff or customers. LTG seeks to structure purchase terms to incentivise and retain key staff and ensure that customers receive the ‘first-class customer experience’ that is already a fundamental aspect of LTG’s success. In addition to the principal risks and uncertainties above, the Group faces other risks that include but are not limited to: • Increased competition • Failure to retain customer contracts • Customer concentration • Technology leadership • Counterparty risk Corporate responsibility LTG takes its responsibilities as a corporate citizen seriously. The Board’s primary goal is to create shareholder value but in a responsible way which serves all stakeholders. Furthermore, LTG seeks to continually enhance and extend its contribution to society through the work the Group undertakes with its clients and in areas where the Group decides to invest and explore directly. Governance The Board considers sound governance as a critical component of LTG’s success and the highest priority. LTG has an effective and engaged Board, with a strong non-executive presence from diverse backgrounds, and well- functioning governance committees. Through the Group’s compensation policies and variable components of employee remuneration, the Remuneration Committee of the Board seeks to ensure that the company’s values are reinforced in employee behaviour and that effective risk management is promoted. More information on our corporate governance can be found on page 23. Employees and their development LTG is dependent upon the qualities and skills of its employees, and the commitment of its people plays a major role in the Group’s business success. The Group invests in training and developing its staff through internally arranged knowledge sharing events and through external courses. Employees’ performance is aligned to the Group’s goals through an annual performance review process and via LTG’s incentive programmes. LTG provides employees with information about its activities through regular briefings and other media. LTG operates a number of bonus and sales commission schemes, share option schemes and a Sharesave scheme operated at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee. Diversity and inclusion LTG’s employment policies are non- discriminatory on the grounds of age, gender, nationality, ethnic or racial origin, non-job-related-disability, sexual orientation or marital status. LTG gives due consideration to all applications and provides training and the opportunity for career development wherever possible. The Board does not support discrimination of any form, positive or negative, and all appointments are based solely on merit.  plc Annual Report 2015 15 Health and Safety Environment LTG’s policy with regard to the environment is to ensure that we understand and effectively manage the actual and potential environmental impact of our activities. The Group’s operations are conducted such that compliance is maintained with legal requirements relating to the environment in areas where the Group conducts its business. During the period covered by this report LTG has not incurred any fines or penalties or been investigated for any breach of environmental regulations. Jonathan Satchell Chief Executive Officer LTG endeavours to ensure that the working environment is safe and conducive to healthy, safe and content employees who are able to balance work and family commitments. The Group has a Health and Safety at Work policy which is reviewed regularly by the Board. The Board Executive Director responsible for health and safety is the COO. The Group is committed to the health and safety of its employees, clients, sub-contractors and others who may be affected by the Group’s work activities. The Group evaluates the risks to health and safety in the business and manages this through a Health and Safety Management System. The Group provides necessary information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure that employees are able to discharge their duties effectively. The Health and Safety Management System used by the Group ensures compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements and internal standards and seeks by continuous improvement to develop health and safety performance. Community activities LTG operates a Corporate Social Responsibility agenda that encourages employees to be involved in their local communities. In 2015 the Group supported charitable activities by staff which raised a total of £5,000 (2014: £5,000) and made charitable contributions totalling £29,000 during the year (2014: £14,000). The Group has, with other leading companies in the industry, set up an industry-wide charity foundation, Learn Appeal (www.learnappeal.com) and is an active contributor to its activities. Learn Appeal has developed the ‘Learn Appeal Capsule’, a standalone unit that includes a Raspberry Pi2 computer and SD card. With a content library, LMS and Wi-Fi with up to 1km range, the device can be used in remote areas without internet connectivity to allow up to 250 users to simultaneously access learning materials. 16 plc Annual Report 2015 DIRECTORS’ REPORT  plc Annual Report 2015 17 DIRECTORS’ REPORT For the year ended 31 December 2015 The Directors present their report on the Group, together with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2015. Principal activities Business review and future developments The principal activity of the Group is the provision of e-learning services. The principal activity of the Company is that of a parent holding company which manages the Group’s strategic direction and underlying subsidiaries. Details of the business activities and acquisitions made during the year can be found in the Strategic Report on pages 9 to 15 and in Note 29 to the Consolidated Financial Statements respectively. Cautionary statement The review of the business and its future development in the Strategic Report has been prepared solely to provide additional information to shareholders to assess the Group’s strategies and the potential for these strategies to succeed. It should not be relied on by any other party for any other purpose. The review contains forward-looking statements which are made by the Directors in good faith based on information available to them up to the time of the approval of the reports and should be treated with caution due to the inherent uncertainties associated with such statements. Results and dividends The results of the Group are set out in detail on page 34. At the time of LTG’s admission to AIM in November 2013, the Board stated that they would pursue a progressive dividend policy. On 30 October 2015, the Company paid an interim dividend of 0.05 pence per share (2014: 0.03 pence per share). The Directors propose to pay a final dividend of 0.10 pence per share for the year ended 31 December 2015, equating to a total payout in respect of the year of 0.15 pence per share (2014: 0.10 pence per share). Subject to shareholder approval at the Annual General Meeting, the final dividend will be paid on 4 July 2016 to all shareholders on the register at 10 June 2016. Political donations The Group made no political donations during the year (2014: nil). Financial instruments and risk management Disclosures regarding financial instruments are provided within the Strategic Report and Note 27 to the Financial Statements. Capital Structure Details of the Company’s share capital, together with details of the movements therein are set out in Note 21 to the Financial Statements. The Company has one class of ordinary share which carries no right to fixed income. Research and development The main area of research and development has been the continued work on the gomo multi-device authoring tool as covered in the Strategic Report on pages 9 to 15. Post balance sheet events Details of post balance sheet events can be found in Note 30 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 18 plc Annual Report 2015 DIRECTORS’ REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Directors The Directors of the Company who served during the year were: Director Andrew Brode † Harry Hill † Non-executive Chairman Non-executive Deputy Chairman 22/05/2014 22/05/2014 Leslie-Ann Reed Non-executive Director 21/05/2015 Jonathan Satchell Chief Executive Officer 21/05/2015 Neil Elton Piers Lea Group Finance Director 21/05/2015 Chief Strategy Officer 21/05/2015 Dale Solomon Chief Operating Officer 21/05/2015 Board Committee abbreviations are as follows: A = Audit Committee; R = Remuneration Committee † Retires by rotation and will offer himself for re-election at next AGM Role at 31 December 2015 Date of (re-) appointment Retired Board Committee R R A A Board of Directors plc Annual Report 2015 19 Andrew Brode Non-executive Chairman Andrew Brode is a Chartered Accountant and was a former chief executive of Wolters Kluwer (UK) plc from 1978 to 1990. In 1990, he led the management buy-out of the Eclipse Group, which was sold to Reed Elsevier in 2000. In 1995, he led the management buy-in, and is Executive Chairman of RWS Group plc, Europe’s largest technical translations group, listed in the Top 30 of AIM companies. He is also Non-Executive Director of AIM quoted Electric Word plc and a number of private equity-financed media companies. He acquired Epic Group Limited (‘Epic’) together with Jonathan Satchell (Chief Executive) in 2008. Andrew Brode is the Chair of the Remuneration Committee and a member of the Audit Committee of LTG. Harry Hill Non-executive Deputy Chairman Harry Hill was Chief Executive Officer of Countrywide plc for 20 years until 2008. During his tenure at Countrywide, it founded and subsequently sold Chesnara plc and Rightmove plc. He was also responsible for forming Countrywide Property Lawyers, which was established to take advantage of conveyancing referrals from within the estate agency chain. His current directorships include Landwood Property Group and Hunters and Clarke Hillyer. He is also a trustee of Launch 22, a Shoreditch-based charity seeking to help young entrepreneurs. Harry Hill is on the Remuneration Committee of LTG. Jonathan Satchell Chief Executive Officer Jonathan Satchell is responsible for the overall strategic development of LTG with a particular focus on innovation and international opportunities. He has a strong sales and entrepreneurial background, having started his first business in 1992 selling subscriptions for Accountancy TV, a joint venture of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and the BBC which created continued professional development content for training programmes. He has been involved in the education and training industry ever since, acquiring EBC in 1997, which he helped to transform from a provider of training videos to a bespoke e-learning company. The company was sold to Futuremedia in 2006. He became interim Managing Director of Epic in 2007 and the following year he purchased the Company with Andrew Brode. Jonathan Satchell oversaw the transformation of Epic from a custom content e-learning company to an international and growing learning technologies agency. 20 plc Annual Report 2015 DIRECTORS’ REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Leslie-Ann Reed Non-executive Director Neil Elton Group Finance Director Leslie-Ann Reed was appointed Chief Financial Officer of Go Industry Dovebid plc in 2010 until July 2012 when the business was sold to Liquidity Services Inc. Prior to this, she served as Chief Financial Officer of Metal Bulletin plc and as an adviser to Marwyn Investment Management. She has extensive international experience in the media industry having served as Chief Financial Officer of PolyGram Film Operations and also worked at Warner Communications and EMI. She qualified as a Chartered Accountant with Cocke, Vellacot & Hill before moving to Arthur Andersen to continue to develop her financial management expertise. Leslie-Ann Reed is the Chair of the Audit Committee of LTG. Neil Elton is a Chartered Accountant and was appointed as Group Finance Director of LTG in 2014. An experienced listed company Finance Director, he has worked with and successfully built a number of fast-growing companies. He joined from Sagentia Group plc, a Cambridge-based technology research and development company, where he was Group Finance Director from 2010 to 2014. Between 2007 and 2010, he was Finance Director at Concateno plc, Europe’s largest tester of drugs of abuse. Prior to Concateno he was Finance Director at Mecom Group plc, an acquisitive AIM listed European media group. During the earlier part of his career Neil Elton worked at Trinity Mirror plc and trained at Arthur Andersen and Deloitte & Touche. Piers Lea Chief Strategy Officer Dale Solomon Chief Operating Officer Piers Lea founded LINE Communications Holdings Limited in 1989, which was acquired by LTG in April 2014. He has over 30 years’ experience in distance learning and communications and is widely considered a thought leader in the field of e-learning. Piers Lea continues to aid clients in achieving results through the use of learning technologies. Dale Solomon was appointed Commercial Director of Epic in 2010. Prior to this, he spent 12 years as a learning consultant working with global organisations to help them achieve measurable return on investment. Dale Solomon was instrumental in the successful opening of the company’s first international offices in Rio de Janeiro and New York in 2011 and 2012 respectively. He became Chief Operating Officer of LTG following the creation of LEO in 2014. He is now responsible for overseeing central support functions of the Group, including Sales, Marketing, Bid, IT & Facilities, Human Resources and Quality as well as the operations of LEO.  plc Annual Report 2015 21 Directors’ interests in shares and contracts Directors’ interests in the shares of LTG at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, and any changes subsequent to 31 December 2015, are disclosed in Note 7. Directors’ interests in contracts of significance to which LTG was a party during the financial year are disclosed in Note 25. Substantial interests As at the date of this report, LTG has been advised of the following significant interests (greater than 3%) in its ordinary share capital: Shareholder Andrew Brode Jonathan Satchell Liontrust Asset Management Hargreave Hale Piers Lea Vasconcelos family Nigel Wray Ordinary Shares held 113,215,005 105,289,995 26,626,008 20,481,923 17,023,383 13,250,000 12,668,214 % held 27.19% 25.29% 6.40% 4.92% 4.09% 3.18% 3.04% Except as referred to above, the Directors are not aware of any person who held an interest of 3% or more of the issued share capital of the company or could directly or indirectly, jointly or severally, exercise control. 22 plc Annual Report 2015 DIRECTORS’ REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Annual General Meeting The Annual General Meeting (‘AGM’) will be held at 2pm on 19 May 2016 at DWF LLP, 20 Fenchurch Street, London, EC3M 4AD. The notice of the AGM contains the full text of the resolutions to be proposed. Independent auditors In accordance with Section 489 of the Companies Act 2006, a resolution proposing that Crowe Clark Whitehill LLP be re-appointed will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. Provision of information to auditors Each of the persons who are Directors at the time when this Directors’ Report is approved has confirmed that: • So far as that Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware, and • That Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a Director in order to be aware of any information needed by the Company’s auditors in connection with preparing their report and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information. Signed by order of the Board Neil Elton Group Finance Director 29 March 2016  plc Annual Report 2015 23 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT The Company is registered in England and Wales and listed on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange (‘AIM’). Statement about applying the principle of the QCA Guidelines The Board recognises the value of good governance and attempts to comply with the best practice outlined in the QCA guidelines wherever possible given the size and nature of the company. The Company has adopted a share dealing code for the Board and employees of the Company which is in conformity with the requirements of Rule 21 of the AIM Rules for Companies. The Company takes steps to ensure compliance by the Board and applicable employees with the terms of such code. Board of Directors The Board is responsible for formulating, reviewing and approving the Group’s strategy, budgets and corporate actions. The Board holds Board meetings at least ten times a year and at other times as and when required. Biographical details of the Directors are included on page 19 and 20. At 31 December 2015, the Board comprised a Non- executive Chairman, Chief Executive, Group Finance Director, Chief Strategy Officer, Chief Operating Officer and two independent Non-executive Directors. All Directors bring a wide range of skills and international experience to the Board. The Non-executive Directors hold meetings without the executive Directors present. The Chairman is primarily responsible for the working of the Board of LTG. The Chief Executive is primarily responsible for the running of the business and implementation of the Board strategy and policy. The Chief Executive is assisted in the managing of the business on a day-to-day basis by the Managing Directors of the operating businesses, the Group Finance Director and the Executive team of LTG. High-level strategic decisions are discussed and taken by the full Board. Investment decisions (above a de minimis level) are taken by the full Board. Operational decisions are taken by the Managing Directors within the framework approved in the annual financial plan and within a framework of Board-approved authorisation levels. The Board met fourteen times during 2015 (2014: 10). The Board regulations define a framework of high-level authorities that maps the structure of delegation below Board level, as well as specifying issues which remain within the Board’s preserve. The Board typically meets ten times a year to consider a formal schedule of matters including the operating performance of the business and to review LTG’s financial plan and business model. Non-executive Directors are appointed for a three-year term after which their appointment may be extended by mutual agreement after due consideration by the Board. In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association, the longest serving Director must retire at each Annual General Meeting and each Director must retire in any three-year period, so that over a three year period all Directors will have retired from the Board and been subject to shareholder re-election. All Directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary and other independent professional advisers as required. Non- executive Directors have access to key members of staff and are entitled to attend management meetings in order to familiarise themselves with all aspects of LTG. It is the responsibility of the Chairman and the Company Secretary to ensure that Board members receive sufficient and timely information regarding corporate and business issues to enable them to discharge their duties. 24 plc Annual Report 2015 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Relations with shareholders Board committees The Board maintains two standing committees, being the Audit and Remuneration Committees. The minutes of all sub-committees are circulated for review and consideration by all relevant Directors, supplemented by oral reports from the Committee Chairmen at Board meetings. Audit Committee The Audit Committee is chaired by Leslie-Ann Reed and currently comprises Leslie-Ann Reed and Andrew Brode. The Audit Committee met three times during 2015 (2014: 3). Further details on the Audit Committee are provided in the Report of the Audit Committee. Remuneration Committee The Remuneration Committee is chaired by Andrew Brode and also comprises Harry Hill. The Remuneration Committee met once during 2015 (2014: 1). Further details on the Remuneration Committee are provided in the Report of the Remuneration Committee. The Directors seek to build on a mutual understanding of objectives between LTG and its major shareholders by meeting to discuss long- term issues and receive feedback, communicating regularly throughout the year and issuing trading updates as appropriate. The Board also seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its shareholders. Balanced and understandable assessment of position and prospects The Board has shown its commitment to presenting balanced and understandable assessments of LTG’s position and prospects by providing comprehensive disclosures within the Financial Report in relation to its activities. The Board has applied the principles of good governance relating to Directors’ remuneration as described below. The Board has determined that there are no specific issues which need to be brought to the attention of shareholders. Remuneration strategy LTG operates in a competitive market. If LTG is to compete successfully, it is essential that it attracts, develops and retains high quality staff. Remuneration policy has an important part to play in achieving this objective. LTG aims to offer its staff a remuneration package which is both competitive in the relevant employment market and which reflects individual performance and contribution. For 2015 the remuneration package comprised salary, pension contributions, bonus or sales commission schemes, a Sharesave scheme and, where appropriate, share options.  plc Annual Report 2015 25 Meetings of the Board and sub-committees during 2015 were as follows: Board meetings Audit Committee Remuneration Committee Number of meetings held in 2015 Andrew Brode Harry Hill Jonathan Satchell Neil Elton Piers Lea Dale Solomon Leslie-Ann Reed *Attendance by invitation 14 14/14 14/14 14/14 14/14 13/14 13/14 14/14 3 3/3 1/1* 3/3* 3/3* 1/1* 1/1* 3/3 1 1/1 1/1 1/1* - - - - 26 plc Annual Report 2015 REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE Audit Committee The Audit Committee is chaired by Leslie-Ann Reed and currently comprises Leslie-Ann Reed and Andrew Brode. The Audit Committee has written terms of reference and provides a mechanism through which the Board can maintain the integrity of the Financial Statements of LTG and any formal announcements relating to LTG’s financial performance; to review LTG’s internal financial controls and LTG’s internal control and risk management systems; and to make recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment of the external auditor, their remuneration both for audit and non-audit work, the nature, scope and results of the audit and the cost effectiveness and the independence and objectivity of the auditors. A recommendation regarding the auditors is put to shareholders for their approval in general meetings. Provision is made by the Audit Committee to meet the auditors at least twice a year. Internal controls In applying the principle that the Board should maintain a sound system of internal control to safeguard shareholders’ investment and LTG’s assets, the Directors recognise that they have overall responsibility for ensuring that LTG maintains systems to provide them with reasonable assurance regarding effective and efficient operations, internal control and compliance with laws and regulations and for reviewing the effectiveness of that system. However, there are inherent limitations in any system of control and accordingly even the most effective system can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance against material mis-statement or loss, and that the system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve the business objectives. LTG has established procedures for the running of the Audit Committee. This includes identification, categorisation and prioritisation of critical risks within the business and allocation of responsibility to its Executives and senior managers. The key features of the internal control system are described below: Control environment – LTG is committed to high standards of business conduct and seeks to maintain these standards across all of its operations. There are also policies in place for the reporting and resolution of suspected fraudulent activities. LTG has an appropriate organisational structure for planning, executing, controlling and monitoring business operations in order to achieve its objectives. Risk identification – management is responsible for the identification and evaluation of key risks applicable to their areas of business. These risks are assessed on a continual basis and may be associated with a variety of internal and external sources, including infringement of IP, sales channels, investment risk, staff retention, disruption in information systems, natural catastrophe and regulatory requirements. Information systems – Group businesses participate in periodic operational/strategic reviews and annual plans. The Board actively monitors performance against plan. Forecasts and operational results are consolidated and presented to the Board on a regular basis. Through these mechanisms, performance is continually monitored, risks identified in a timely manner, their financial implications assessed, control procedures re-evaluated and corrective actions agreed and implemented. Main control procedures – LTG has implemented control procedures designed to ensure complete and accurate accounting for financial transactions and to limit the exposure to loss of assets and fraud. Measures taken include segregation of duties and reviews by management.  plc Annual Report 2015 27 Monitoring and corrective action – there are clear and consistent procedures in place for monitoring the system of internal financial controls. This process, which operates in accordance with the FRC guidance, was maintained throughout the financial year, and has remained in place up to the date of the approval of these Financial Statements. The Board, via the Audit Committee, has reviewed the systems and processes in place in meetings with the Finance Director and LTG’s auditors during 2015. No internal audit function is operated outside of the systems and processes in place, as the Board considers that LTG is too small for a separate function. The Board considers the internal control system to be adequate for LTG. The auditors have provided services in relation to the annual audit of the Group, advice and compliance work in relation to taxation, transaction services and other advisory work during the year. The Audit Committee reviews the scope and scale of the non-audit services undertaken by the auditors in order to ensure that their independence and objectivity is safeguarded. 28 plc Annual Report 2015 REPORT OF THE REMUNERATION COMMITTEE Remuneration Committee The Committee, which is chaired by Andrew Brode, also comprises Harry Hill. The Remuneration Committee monitors the remuneration policies of LTG to ensure that they are consistent with LTG’s business objectives. Its terms of reference include the recommendation and execution of policy on Director and Executive management remuneration and for reporting decisions made to the Board. The Committee determines the individual remuneration package of the executive management of the Board. In accordance with ‘best practice’, this responsibility includes pension rights and any other compensation payments. The Remuneration Committee recognises that incentivisation of staff is a key issue for LTG, which depends on the skill of its people for its success. The Remuneration Committee seeks to incentivise employees by linking individual remuneration to individual performance and contribution, and to LTG results. During the year the Remuneration Committee approved grants of share options and confirmed a number of KPI-related bonus schemes for the Group for 2015. The aim of the Board and the Remuneration Committee is to maintain a policy that: • Establishes a remuneration structure that will attract, retain and motivate Executives, senior managers and other staff of appropriate calibre; • Rewards Executives and senior managers according to both individual and Group performance; • Establishes an appropriate balance between fixed and variable elements of total remuneration, with the performance-related element forming a potentially significant proportion of the total remuneration package; • Aligns the interests of Executives and senior managers with those of shareholders through the use of performance-related rewards and share options in LTG. From time to time the Committee may obtain market data and information as appropriate when making its comparisons and decisions and is sensitive to the wider perspective, including pay and employment conditions elsewhere in LTG, especially when undertaking salary/remuneration reviews. The remuneration package comprises the following elements: • Basic salary – normally reviewed annually and set to reflect market conditions, personal performance and benchmarks in comparable companies. The Chairman does not receive a basic salary; • Annual performance-related bonus – executives, managers and employees receive annual bonuses related to specific KPIs or overall Group performance. The Non-executive Directors do not participate in the performance-related bonus scheme; • Benefits – benefits include life assurance and pension contributions. The Non-executive Directors do not receive these benefits; • Share options – share option grants are reviewed regularly. Full details of each Director’s remuneration package and their interests in shares and share options can be found in Note 7 to the Financial Statements. There are no elements of remuneration, other than basic earnings, which are treated as being pensionable.  plc Annual Report 2015 29 Service contracts The Executive Directors have employment contracts that contain notice periods of six months. Non- executive Directors’ service contracts may be terminated on three months’ notice. There are no additional financial provisions for termination. Share option plans The Company operates three long-term equity incentive plans: • EMI share option plan • Unapproved share option plan • Sharesave Scheme Further details are provided in Note 22. The market price of the shares at 31 December 2015 was 30.25 pence (31 December 2014: 21.25 pence). The highest and lowest price during the year was 31.00 pence and 19.00 pence respectively.  plc Annual Report 2015 30 DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT  plc Annual Report 2015 31 DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF THE ANNUAL REPORT AND THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors’ Report, Annual Report and the Group and parent Company Financial Statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. They are further responsible for ensuring that the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report and other information included in the Annual Report and Financial Statements is prepared in accordance with applicable law in the United Kingdom. The maintenance and integrity of the Learning Technologies Group plc website is the responsibility of the Directors; the work carried out by the auditors does not involve the consideration of these matters and, accordingly, the auditors accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred in the accounts since they were initially presented on the website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of the accounts and the other information included in Annual Reports may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have elected to prepare the Financial Statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the EU and applicable law. The Directors must not approve the Financial Statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing these Financial Statements, the Directors are required to: • Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; • Make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; • State whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; • Prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to assume that the Company will continue in business. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and enable them to ensure that the Financial Statements comply with the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the Group Financial Statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the 32 plc Annual Report 2015 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES GROUP PLC We have audited the financial statements of Learning Technologies Group plc for the year ended 31 December 2015 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated and Parent Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Consolidated and Parent Statement of Changes in Equity, and the related Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements numbered 1 to 30 and numbered 1 to 15 for the Parent. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Parent Company Financial Statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors. Scope of the audit of the financial Statements An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This includes an assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Company’s circumstances and have been consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the Directors; and the overall presentation of the financial statements. In addition, we read all the financial and non- financial information in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report and any other surround information to identify material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements and to identify any information that is apparently materially incorrect based on, or materially inconsistent with, the knowledge acquired by us in the course of performing the audit. If we become aware of any apparent material misstatements or inconsistencies we consider the implications for our report. Opinion on financial Statements In our opinion: • the Financial Statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 31 December 2015 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; • the Group Financial Statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; • the Parent Company Financial Statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and • the Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.  plc Annual Report 2015 33 Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 In our opinion the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the Financial Statements are prepared is consistent with the Financial Statements. Matters on which we are required to report by exception We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: • adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or • the Parent Company financials are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or • certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or • we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. Richard Baker Senior Statutory Auditor For and on behalf of Crowe Clark Whitehill LLP Statutory Auditor St Bride’s House 10 Salisbury Square London EC4Y 8EH 29 March 2016 34 plc Annual Report 2015 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME For the year ended 31 December 2015 Year ended 31 Dec 2015 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 Revenue Operating expenses Share of losses of joint venture Operating profit Adjusted EBITDA Depreciation Amortisation of intangibles Share-based payment costs Integration costs Operating profit Fair value movement on contingent consideration Costs of acquisition Finance expense Interest receivable Profit/(loss) before taxation Income tax expense Profit/(loss) for the year Profit/(loss) per share attributable to owners of the Parent: Basic, (pence) Diluted, (pence) Adjusted earnings per share: Basic, (pence) Diluted, (pence) Profit/(loss) for the year Note 4 12 10 11 22 29 5 5 5 8 9 9 9 9 Other comprehensive income: Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss Exchange differences on translating foreign operations Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year attributable to owners of the parent Company £’000 19,905 (18,075) 1,830 (62) 1,768 4,276 (214) (1,419) (776) (99) 1,768 198 (234) (195) 12 1,549 (120) 1,429 0.382 0.357 0.809 0.756 1,429 33 1,462 £’000 14,920 (14,433) 487 (160) 327 2,065 (171) (659) (583) (325) 327 - (296) (162) 4 (127) (35) (162) (0.049) (0.049) 0.393 0.375 (162) 17 (145)  plc Annual Report 2015 35 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 31 Dec 2015 31 Dec 2014 Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Deferred tax assets Investments Current assets Trade receivables Other receivables, deposits and prepayments Amounts recoverable on contracts Cash and bank balances Total assets Current liabilities Trade and other payables Corporation tax Amount owing to related parties Non-current liabilities Deferred tax liabilities Other long-term liabilities Provisions Total liabilities Net assets Shareholders’ equity Share capital Share premium account Merger relief reserve Reverse acquisition reserve Share-based payment reserve Foreign exchange translation reserve Accumulated losses Total equity attributable to the owners of the parent Note 10 11 17 12 13 14 15 16 18 25 17 19 20 21 24 24 24 24 24 £’000 543 19,803 1,029 - 21,375 4,201 554 1,853 7,305 13,913 35,288 5,835 309 2 6,146 1,182 2,382 99 3,663 9,809 25,479 1,506 21,839 22,269 (22,933) 2,273 50 475 25,479 £’000 339 11,364 618 16 12,337 2,762 337 1,806 4,358 9,263 21,600 4,832 352 - 5,184 446 1,512 49 2,007 7,191 14,409 1,329 13,098 22,269 (22,933) 1,203 17 (574) 14,409 The Notes on pages 38 to 85 form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. The Financial Statements on pages 34 to 85 were approved by the Board of Directors on 29 March 2016 and signed on its behalf by Neil Elton, Group Finance Director. 36 plc Annual Report 2015 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY For the year ended 31 December 2015 Balance at 1 January 2014 Loss for period Exchange differences on translating foreign operations Total comprehensive loss for the period Issue of shares Costs of issuing shares Share-based payment charge credited to equity Deferred tax credit on share options Transfer on exercise and lapse of options Dividend paid Transactions with owners Balance at 31 December 2014 Profit for the period Exchange differences on translating foreign operations Total comprehensive loss for the period Issue of shares Costs of issuing shares Sale of treasury shares Share-based payment charge credited to equity Deferred tax credit on share options Transfer on exercise and lapse of options Dividends paid Transactions with owners Balance at 31 December 2015 Share capital £’000 Share premium £’000 Merger relief reserve £’000 Reverse acquisition reserve £’000 Share based payments reserve £’000 Translation reserve £’000 Retained earnings £’000 Total equity £’000 1,034 1,159 22,269 (22,933) 547 - - - 295 - - - - - - - - 12,211 (272) - - - - 295 11,939 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 583 356 (283) - 656 1,329 13,098 22,269 (22,933) 1,203 - - - 177 - - - - - - - - - 8,958 (257) 40 - - - - 177 8,741 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 776 362 (68) - 1,070 - - 17 17 - - - - - - - 17 - 33 33 - - - - - - - - (588) (162) - 1,488 (162) 17 (162) (145) - - - - 283 (107) 12,506 (272) 583 356 - (107) 176 13,066 (574) 14,409 1,429 1,429 - 33 1,429 1,462 - - - - - 68 (448) (380) 9,135 (257) 40 776 362 - (448) 9,608 1,506 21,839 22,269 (22,933) 2,273 50 475 25,479 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS For the year ended 31 December 2015 Note Cash flows from operating activities Profit/(loss) before taxation Adjustments for: Share based payment charge Amortisation of intangible assets Depreciation of plant and equipment Share of loss of joint venture Finance expense Fair value movement on contingent consideration Interest income Operating cash flows before working capital changes (Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables (Increase) in amount recoverable on contracts Increase/(decrease) in payables Interest received Income tax paid Net cash flows from operating activities Cash flows used in investing activities Purchase of property, plant and equipment Development of intangible assets Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired Investment in joint venture Net cash flows in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Dividends paid Issue of ordinary share capital net of share issue costs Repayment of bank loans Sale of treasury shares Contingent consideration payments in the period Net cash flows from/(used) in financing activities Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year Exchange gains on cash Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 16 plc Annual Report 2015 37 Year ended 31 Dec 2015 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 £’000 1,549 776 1,419 214 62 195 (198) (12) 4,005 (49) (62) 607 4,501 12 (483) 4,030 (232) (310) (5,617) (46) (6,205) (448) 7,379 - 40 (1,882) 5,089 2,914 4,358 33 7,305 £’000 (127) 583 659 171 160 162 - (4) 1,604 507 (668) (507) 936 4 (32) 908 (123) (198) (4,407) (179) (4,907) (107) 7,756 (465) - - 7,184 3,185 1,170 3 4,358 38 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  plc Annual Report 2015 39 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the year ended 31 December 2015 1. General information Learning Technologies Group plc (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries (together, ‘the Group’) provide a range of e-learning services and technologies to corporate and government clients. The principal activity of the Company is that of a holding company for the Group, as well as performing all administrative, corporate finance, strategic and governance functions of the Group. The Company is a public limited company, which is listed on the AIM Market of the London Stock Exchange and domiciled in England and incorporated and registered in England and Wales. The address of its registered office is 52 Old Steine, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 1NH. The registered number of the Company is 07176993. 2. Summary of significant accounting policies The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied unless otherwise stated. a) Basis of preparation The Consolidated Financial Statements of Learning Technologies Group plc have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), including interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), and the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified for any financial assets which are stated at fair value through profit or loss. The Consolidated Financial Statements of Learning Technologies Group plc are presented in pounds sterling, which is the presentation currency for the Consolidated Financial Statements. The functional currency of each of the group entities is the local currency of each individual entity and figures have been rounded to the nearest thousand. The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement and complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the Consolidated Financial Statements are disclosed in Note 3. Going concern At 31 December 2015 the Group had £7.3 million of net cash and good cash conversion. Having undertaken a detailed budgeting exercise, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and therefore continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the annual Financial Statements. Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards A number of new standards and amendments to standards and interpretations have been issued but are not yet effective and in some cases have not yet been adopted by the EU. The Directors do not expect that the adoption of these standards will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company in future periods, except that IFRS 9 will impact both the measurement and disclosures of financial instruments, IFRS 15 may have an impact on revenue recognition and related disclosures and IFRS 16 will have an impact on the recognition of operating leases. At this point it is not practicable for the Directors to provide a reasonable estimate of the effect of these standards as their detailed review of these standards is still ongoing. 40 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 (b) Basis of consolidation A subsidiary is defined as an entity over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. The share for share acquisition of Epic Performance Improvement Limited and its subsidiary companies by Epic Group Limited on 10 May 1996 was that of a re-organisation of entities which were under common control. As such, that combination also falls outside the scope of IFRS 3 ‘Business Combinations’ (Revised 2008). The Directors have therefore decided that it is appropriate to reflect the combination using the merger basis of accounting in order to give a true and fair view. No fair value adjustments were made as a result of that combination. The basis of consolidation of the acquisition of Epic Group Limited by the Company in November 2013 is described below: The substance of the share for share acquisition of Epic Group Limited and its subsidiary companies by In-Deed Online plc on 8 November 2013 was outside the scope of IFRS 3 ‘Business Combinations’ (Revised 2008) on the basis that the Directors made a judgement that prior to the transaction, In-Deed Online plc was not a business under IFRS 3 Appendix A. The Directors have therefore decided that it is appropriate to reflect the combination using the merger basis of accounting in order to give a true and fair view. No fair value adjustments were made as a result of that combination. Business combinations other than noted above are accounted for under the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, the results of the subsidiaries acquired or disposed of are included from the date of acquisition or up to the date of disposal. At the date of acquisition, the fair values of the subsidiaries’ net assets are determined and these values are reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The cost of acquisition is measured at the aggregate of the fair values, at the date of exchange, of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the Group in exchange for control of the acquiree, plus any costs directly attributable to the business combination. Any excess of the purchase consideration of the business combination over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired is recognised as goodwill. Goodwill, if any, is not amortised but reviewed for impairment at least annually. If the consideration is less than the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired, the difference is recognised directly in the statement of comprehensive income. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions are eliminated; unrealised losses are also eliminated unless cost cannot be recovered. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the Financial Statements of subsidiaries to ensure consistency of accounting policies with those of the Group. (c) Joint arrangements The Group has applied IFRS 11 to all joint arrangements as of 1 January 2012. Under IFRS 11 investments in joint arrangements are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures depending on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor. The Company has assessed the nature of its joint arrangements and determined them to be joint ventures which are accounted for using the equity method. Under the equity method of accounting, interests in joint ventures are initially recognised at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group’s share of  plc Annual Report 2015 41 the post-acquisition profits or losses and movements in other comprehensive income. When the Group’s share of losses in a joint venture equals or exceeds its interests in the joint ventures, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of joint ventures. Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its joint ventures are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the joint ventures. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of the joint ventures have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. (d) Intangible assets All intangible assets, except goodwill, are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill Goodwill represents the amount by which the fair value of the cost of a business combination exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortised and is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. The recoverable amount of goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when events or changes in circumstance indicate that it might be impaired. Impairment charges are deducted from the carrying value and recognised immediately in the income statement. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash generating units expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period. Acquisition-related intangible assets Net assets acquired as part of a business combination includes an assessment of the fair value of separately identifiable acquisition-related intangible assets, in addition to other assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities purchased. These are amortised over their useful lives which are individually assessed. Branding 2-5 years Customer contracts and relationships 2-5 years Research and development expenditure Research expenditure is recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Development expenditure is recognised as an expense except that costs incurred on development projects are capitalised as long-term assets to the extent that such expenditure is expected to generate future economic benefits. Development expenditure is capitalised if, and only if, an entity can demonstrate all of the following: (i) Its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the asset under development; (ii) The product or process is technically and commercially feasible; (iii) Its future economic benefits are probable; (iv) Its ability to use or sell the developed asset; and (v) The availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the asset under development. Capitalised development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. Development expenditure initially recognised as an expense is not recognised as assets in subsequent periods. Capitalised development expenditure is amortised on a straight-line method over a period of between three and five years when the products or services are ready for sale or use. In the event that it is no longer probable that the expected future economic 42 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 benefits will be recovered, the development expenditure is written down to its recoverable amount. (e) Functional and foreign currencies (i) Functional and presentation currency The individual Financial Statements of each entity in the Group are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates, which is the functional currency. The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in Pounds Sterling, which is the Group’s presentation currency. (ii) Transactions and balances Transactions in foreign currencies are converted into the respective functional currencies on initial recognition, using the exchange rates approximating those ruling at the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period are translated at the rates ruling as of that date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using exchange rates that existed when the values were determined. All exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss. (iii) Foreign operations Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated to Pounds Sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the end of the reporting period. Revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated at the average rate of exchange. All exchange differences arising from translation are taken directly to other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity under the foreign exchange translation reserve. On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative amount recognised in other comprehensive income relating to that particular foreign operation is reclassified from equity to profit or loss. Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising from the acquisition of foreign operations are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operations and are recorded in the functional currency of the foreign operations and translated at the closing rate at the end of the reporting period. Exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. (f) Financial instruments Financial instruments are recognised in the statements of financial position when the Group has become a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial instruments are classified as liabilities or equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement. Interest, dividends, gains and losses relating to a financial instrument classified as a liability are reported as an expense or income. Distributions to holders of financial instruments classified as equity are charged directly to equity. Financial instruments are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends to settle either on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. A financial instrument is recognised initially at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial instrument not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial instrument. Financial instruments recognised in the statements of financial position are disclosed in the individual policy statement associated with each item. Financial assets are derecognised when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or have been transferred and the Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership. On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the carrying amount and  plc Annual Report 2015 43 the sum of the consideration received and any cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss. (i) Financial assets On initial recognition, financial assets are classified as either financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity investments, loans and receivables financial assets, or available-for-sale financial assets, as appropriate. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition. • Loans and receivables financial assets Trade receivables and other receivables that have fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market are classified as loans and receivables financial assets. Loans and receivables financial assets are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment loss. Interest income is recognised by applying the effective interest rate, except for short-term receivables when the recognition of interest would be immaterial. The Group’s loans and receivables financial assets comprise ‘trade and other receivables’ and cash and cash equivalents included in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. (ii) Financial liabilities Financial liabilities are recognised when, and only when, the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value plus directly attributable transaction costs and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method other than those categorised as fair value through profit or loss. Fair value through the profit or loss category comprises financial liabilities that are either held for trading or are designated to eliminate or significantly reduce a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise. Derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as hedges. A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same party on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the profit or loss. (iii) Equity instruments Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from proceeds. Dividends on ordinary shares are recognised when paid. (g) Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment initially recognised includes its purchase price and any cost that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Depreciation is calculated under the straight-line method to write off the depreciable amount of the assets over their estimated useful lives. Depreciation of an asset does not cease when the asset becomes idle or is retired from active use unless the asset is fully depreciated. The principal annual rates used for this purpose are: Computer equipment Furniture and fittings Office equipment Leasehold improvements 33.33% 20% 20% Over the remaining life of the lease 44 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 The depreciation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period to ensure that the amounts, method and periods of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of the property, plant and equipment. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when the cost is incurred and it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the asset will flow to the Group and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of parts that are replaced is derecognised. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Cost also comprises the initial estimate of dismantling and removing the asset and restoring the site on which it is located for which the Group is obligated to incur when the asset is acquired, if applicable. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss on retirement or disposal is determined as the difference between any sales proceeds and the carrying amounts of the asset and is recognised in the income statement within other income / (expenses). Any revaluation reserve included in equity is transferred directly to retained profits on retirement or disposal of the asset. (h) Long-term contracts The amount of profit attributable to the stage of completion of a long-term contract is recognised when the outcome of the contract can be foreseen with reasonable certainty. Revenue for such contracts is stated at cost appropriate to their stage of completion plus attributable profits, less amounts recognised in previous years. Provision is made for any losses as soon as they are foreseen. Contract work in progress is stated at costs incurred, less those amounts transferred to profit or loss, after deducting foreseeable losses and payments on account not matched with revenue. Amounts recoverable on contracts are included in current assets and represent revenue recognised in excess of payments on account. (i) Impairment (i) Impairment of financial assets All financial assets (other than those categorised at fair value through profit or loss), are assessed at the end of each reporting period as to whether there is any objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events having an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the asset. An impairment loss in respect of loans and receivables financial assets is recognised in profit or loss and is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. In a subsequent period, if the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset at the date the impairment is reversed does not exceed what the amortised cost would have been had the impairment not been recognised. (ii) Impairment of non-financial assets The carrying values of intangible assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period for impairment when there is an indication that the assets might be impaired. Impairment is measured by comparing the carrying values of  plc Annual Report 2015 45 that future taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and unused tax credits can be utilised. The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient future taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes relate to the same taxation authority. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow deferred tax assets to be recovered. Deferred tax relating to acquired intangible assets is recognised outside profit or loss. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transactions either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. Deferred tax arising from a business combination is included in the resulting goodwill or excess of the acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of the acquired the assets with their recoverable amounts. The recoverable amount of the assets is the higher of the assets’ fair value less costs to sell and their value in use, which is measured by reference to discounted future cash flow. An impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately. In respect of assets other than goodwill, and when there is a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount, a subsequent increase in the recoverable amount of an asset is treated as a reversal of the previous impairment loss and is recognised to the extent of the carrying amount of the asset that would have been determined (net of amortisation and depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognised. The reversal is recognised in profit or loss immediately. (j) Income taxes Income tax for each reporting period comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax is the expected amount of income taxes payable in respect of the taxable profit for the year and is measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Financial Statements. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences other than those that arise from goodwill or excess of the Group’s interest in the net fair value of the acquired company’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over the business combination costs or from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and at the time of the transaction, affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and unused tax credits to the extent that it is probable 46 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 company’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over the business combination costs. (k) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, bank balances, deposits with financial institutions and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. (l) Employee benefits (i) Short-term benefits Wages, salaries, paid annual leave and sick leave, bonuses and non-monetary benefits are accrued in the period in which the associated services are rendered by employees of the Group. (ii) Defined contribution plans A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further amounts if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods. The Group’s contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised in profit or loss in the period to which they relate. (m) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets Provisions for property lease dilapidations are recognised when the Group has a present or constructive obligation as a result of past events, when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and when a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are reviewed at the end of each financial reporting period and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the provision is the present value of the estimated expenditure required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group. It can also be a present obligation arising from past events that is not recognised because it is not probable that outflow of economic resources will be required or the amount of obligation cannot be measured reliably. A contingent liability is not recognised but is disclosed in the Notes to the Financial Statements. When a change in the probability of an outflow occurs so that the outflow is probable, it will then be recognised as a provision. A contingent asset is a probable asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non- occurrence of one or more uncertain events not wholly within the control of the Group. The Group does not recognise contingent assets but discloses its existence where inflows of economic benefits are probable, but not virtually certain. (n) Related parties A party is related to an entity if: (i) Directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, the party: • Controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the entity (this includes Parents, subsidiaries and fellow subsidiaries); • Has an interest in the entity that gives it significant influence over the entity; or • Has joint control over the entity; (ii) The party is an associate of the entity; (iii) The party is a joint venture in which the entity is a venturer;  plc Annual Report 2015 47 (iv) The party is a member of the key management personnel of the entity or its parent; (v) The party is a close member of the family of any individual referred to in (i) or (iv); (vi) The party is an entity that is controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by, or for which significant voting power in such entity resides with, directly or indirectly, any individual referred to in (iv) or (v); or (vii) The party is a post-employment benefit plan for the benefit of employees of the entity, or of any entity that is a related party of the entity. Close members of the family of an individual are those family members who may be expected to influence, or be influenced by, that individual in their dealings with the entity. (o) Revenue and other income Group revenue represents the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for the rendering of services, net of value added tax and other similar sales based taxes, rebates and discounts after eliminating intercompany sales. Revenue from services is recognised on the percentage of completion method unless the outcome of the contract cannot be reliably determined, in which case contract revenue is only recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred that are recoverable. Foreseeable losses, if any, are provided for in full as and when it can be reasonably ascertained that the contract will result in a loss. The stage of completion is determined based on the proportion of contract costs incurred compared to total estimated contract costs. Revenue from subscriptions such as licences is amortised over the contractual period of the licence with the exception of perpetual licences where all revenue is recognised at time of contract. Interest income is recognised as other income on an accruals basis based on the effective yield on the investment. (p) Operating segments The Group operates as one reportable segment, that of the production of interactive multimedia programmes. An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the Group’s other components. An operating segment’s operating results are reviewed regularly by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. (q) Share-based payment arrangements Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity. At the end of each reporting period, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to other reserves. (r) Leases The Group leases certain property under operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. There were no leases classified under the category of finance leases. 48 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 3. Summary of critical accounting estimates and judgements The preparation of financial information in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires the Directors to exercise their judgement in the process of applying the accounting policies which are detailed above. These judgements are continually evaluated by the Directors and management and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The key estimates and underlying assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the statement of financial position date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial period, are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Revenue recognition The Group recognises revenue from service contracts with customers. Revenue is recognised on the percentage of completion method unless the outcome of the contract cannot be reliably determined, in which case contract revenue is only recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred that are considered to be recoverable. Foreseeable losses, if any, are provided for in full as and when it can be reasonably ascertained that the contract will result in a loss. The stage of completion is determined based on the proportion of contract costs incurred compared to total estimated contract costs. In making its judgement, management considered the detailed criteria for the recognition of revenue set out in IAS 18 ‘Revenue’. The Directors are satisfied that the significant risks and rewards are transferred and that the recognition of revenue over the duration of a contract is appropriate. Amounts recoverable on contracts In making its judgement as to the amounts recoverable on contracts, management considers estimates of anticipated revenues and costs from each contract and monitors the need for any provisions for losses arising from adjustments to underlying assumptions if this indicates it is appropriate. The amount of profit or loss recognised on a contract has a direct impact on the Group’s results and carrying value of amounts recoverable on contracts. The Directors are satisfied that their judgement is based on a reasonable assessment of the future prospects for each contract. Contingent consideration In some instances the cost of acquiring a business will not be known at the time of acquisition as it will depend in part on the achievement of certain performance criteria at a future date. Management exercise their judgement in discounting the future value of the anticipated deferred consideration. See Note 29 for details of how these estimates and judgements have been applied. Valuation of intangible assets The determination of the fair value of assets and liabilities including goodwill arising on the acquisition of businesses, the acquisition of industry-specific knowledge, software technology, branding and customer relationships, whether arising from separate purchases or from the acquisition as part of business combinations, and development expenditure which is expected to generate future economic benefits, are based, to a considerable extent, on management’s judgement.  plc Annual Report 2015 49 The fair value of these assets is determined by discounting estimated future net cash flows generated by the asset where no active market for the assets exists. The use of different assumptions for the expectations of future cash flows and the discount rate would change the valuation of the intangible assets. Allocation of the purchase price affects the results of the Group as finite lived intangible assets are amortised, whereas indefinite lived intangible assets, including goodwill, are not amortised and could result in differing amortisation charges based on the allocation to indefinite lived and finite lived intangible assets. The useful life used to amortise intangible assets relates to the expected future performance of the assets acquired and management’s estimate of the period over which economic benefit will be derived from the asset. The estimated useful life principally reflects management’s view of the average economic life of each asset and is assessed by reference to historical data and future expectations. Any reduction in the estimated useful life would lead to an increase in the amortisation charge. See Notes 11 and 29 for details of how these estimates and judgements have been applied. Impairment reviews IFRS requires management to undertake an annual test for impairment of indefinite lived assets and, for finite lived assets, to test for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment testing is an area involving management judgement, requiring assessment as to whether the carrying value of assets can be supported by the net present value of future cash flows derived from such assets using cash flow projections which have been discounted at an appropriate rate. In calculating the net present value of the future cash flows, certain assumptions are required to be made in respect of highly uncertain matters including management’s expectations of: • Growth in EBITDA, calculated as adjusted operating profit before; • Depreciation and amortisation; • Long-term growth rates; and • The selection of discount rates to reflect the risks involved. The Group prepares and approves a detailed annual budget, three year strategic plan and five-year management plan for its operations, which are used in the value in use calculations. See Note 11 for details of how these estimates and judgements have been applied. Changing the assumptions selected by management, in particular the discount rate and growth rate assumptions used in the cash flow projections, could significantly affect the Group’s impairment evaluation, and hence results. 4. Segment analysis IFRS 8 requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal reports about components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (which takes the form of the Board of Directors of the Company) as defined in IFRS 8, in order to allocate resources to the segment and to assess its performance. The Directors of the Company consider the principal activity of the Group to be the production of interactive multimedia programmes, and to constitute one reportable segment, that of the production of interactive multimedia programmes. A majority of sales were generated by the operations in the United Kingdom in the two years ended 31 December 2014 and 2015. All other segments primarily comprise income and expenses relating to the Group’s administrative functions. Interest income and interest expense are not allocated to segments, as this type of activity is driven by the central treasury function, which manages the cash position of the Group. Accordingly, this information is not separately reported to the Board of Directors. 50 plc Annual Report 2015  plc Annual Report 2015 51 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Geographical information All revenues of the Group are derived from its principal activity, the production of interactive multimedia programmes. The Group’s revenue from external customers and non-current assets by geographical location are detailed below. UK £’000 Switzerland £’000 Italy £’000 Rest of Europe £’000 United States £’000 Canada £’000 Rest of World £’000 31 December 2015 revenue Non-current assets 31 December 2014 revenue Non-current assets 17,528 539 21,354 - - - 20 - 21 1,638 110 12,246 339 170 135 1,977 12,315 - - - 6 Total £’000 19,905 21,375 14,920 12,337 70 - 53 16 - - - Information about major customers In both the year ended 31 December 2014 and the year ended 31 December 2015, no customer accounted for more than 10 per cent of reported revenues. 5. Profit/(loss) before taxation Profit/(loss) before taxation is arrived at after charging/(crediting):- Costs of acquisition Integration costs Amortisation of acquired intangible assets Amortisation of software development costs Auditors’ remuneration Other fees payable to auditors • Acquisition costs • Taxation Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 234 99 1,203 216 40 96 30 214 296 325 570 89 43 72 15 171 52 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Directors’ fees Directors’ pension contributions Staff costs (including Directors): • Salaries, allowances and bonuses • Social security costs • Defined contribution pension plan costs Rental of offices Research and development Finance charges Fair value movement on contingent consideration Interest income 6. Staff costs The average monthly number of employees was: Production Administration Management Aggregate remuneration (including Directors): Wages and salaries (including bonuses) Social security costs Share-based payments Pension costs 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 678 21 9,305 942 180 540 5 195 (198) (12) 500 3 7,565 796 188 365 50 162 - (4) Year ended 31 Dec 2015 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 No. 188 30 7 225 No. 163 28 7 198 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 9,305 942 776 180 11,203 7,565 796 583 188 9,132  plc Annual Report 2015 53 7. Directors’ remuneration, interests and transactions The Directors of the Company are considered to be the key management personnel of the Group. Directors’ emoluments and benefits include: Year ended 31 Dec 2015 Salary or fees £’000 Bonuses £’000 Pension contribution £’000 Share-based payments £’000 Total £’000 Andrew Brode Harry Hill Jonathan Satchell Neil Elton Piers Lea Dale Solomon Leslie-Ann Reed - 46 200 142 120 140 30 678 - - 70 45 45 45 - 205 - - 12 4 4 1 - 21 - - - 68 - 325 - 393 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 Salary or fees £’000 Bonuses £’000 Pension contribution £’000 Share-based payments £’000 Andrew Brode Harry Hill Jonathan Satchell Neil Elton Piers Lea Dale Solomon Leslie-Ann Reed Peter Mountford Richard Jones - 30 200 21 62 72 15 65 35 500 - - 25 - - 21 - - - 46 - - - - 1 1 - - 1 3 - - - - - 163 - 133 38 334 - 46 282 259 169 511 30 1,297 Total £’000 - 30 225 21 63 257 15 198 74 883 54 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Directors’ emoluments and benefits are stated for the Directors of Learning Technologies Group plc only. The amounts shown were recognised as an expense during the year. Total social security costs related to Directors during the year was £92,000 (2014: £50,000). The above figures for emoluments do not include any gains made on the exercise of share options received under long-term incentive schemes. There were no other short-term or long term benefits, post-employment benefits or termination benefits paid to Directors in either of the years ended 31 December 2015 or 31 December 2014. Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company at 31 December 2015 and 31 December 2014, and any changes subsequent to 31 December 2015, are as follows: LTG Ordinary Shares of £0.00375 each Andrew Brode Harry Hill Jonathan Satchell Leslie-Ann Reed Neil Elton Piers Lea Dale Solomon Options Shares 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 Weighted Average Exercise Price (pence) Number Number - - - - 19.000 - 5.468 6.066 - - - - - - 5.428 5.428 - - - - 1,000,000 - - - - - - - 113,215,005 113,215,005 2,008,000 1,830,000 107,039,995 113,214,995 750,000 160,000 - - 17,023,383 17,023,383 21,626,013 21,866,013 - - 22,626,013 21,866,013 240,196,383 245,283,383  plc Annual Report 2015 55 Dale Solomon was granted 16,002,452 unapproved share options on 17 February 2014. The exercise price was 5.88 pence and the vesting of the new share options are subject to the achievement of demanding performance criteria based upon significant share price increases. On 21 November 2014, he exercised 200,000 options granted in May 2012. Peter Mountford resigned as a Director of the Company with effect from 23 September 2014. Of the 11,033,000 share options that he held, 8,033,000 were forfeited. The balance remains exercisable. Richard Jones resigned as a Director of the Company with effect from 3 November 2014. Of the 9,345,887 share options that he held, 5,668,473 were forfeited. The balance remains exercisable. On 26 January 2015, Jonathan Satchell sold 3,000,000 shares and on the same day Leslie- Ann Reed acquired 750,000 shares and Neil Elton acquired 160,000 shares in the Company. On 26 January 2015, the Company granted to Neil Elton 1,000,000 new EMI share options over the Company’s shares at an exercise price of 19.000 pence per share. The vesting of the new share options are subject to the achievement of demanding performance criteria based upon significant share price increases. On 29 September 2015, Dale Solomon exercised 240,000 options granted in May 2012. On the same day Harry Hill acquired 165,000 shares and Jonathan Satchell disposed of 3,175,000 shares in the Company. On 30 September 2015, Harry Hill acquired 13,000 shares in the Company. On 29 January 2016 Jonathan Satchell disposed of 1,750,000 shares in the Company. The aggregate gain made by Directors on the exercise of options in the year amounted to £50,000 (2014: £31,000). See Note 22 for further details on share option plans. 56 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 8. Income tax Current tax expense: - UK Current Tax on profits for the year - Adjustments in respect to prior years - Foreign Current Tax on profits for the year Total current tax Deferred tax (Note 17): - Origination and reversal of temporary differences - Adjustments in respect to prior years Total deferred tax Income tax expense 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 546 (169) 56 433 (341) 28 (313) 120 176 - 38 214 (210) 31 (179) 35 A reconciliation of income tax expense applicable to the loss before taxation at the statutory tax rate to the income tax expense at the effective tax rate of the Group is as follows: 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 Profit / (loss) before taxation Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in respective countries: Tax effects of: Income not subject to tax Expenses not deductible for tax purposes Joint venture results reported net of tax Re-measurement of deferred tax - change in Share option value Difference of deferred rate and current tax rate Adjustments in respect to prior years 1,549 332 (70) 121 13 (138) 3 (141) (127) (35) (60) 54 44 - 1 31 120 35 The weighted average statutory applicable tax rate was 21.43% (2014: 27.70%). The decrease in the weighted average statutory applicable tax rate reflects a relative increase in profits generated in the UK which are subject to lower rates of tax than in the US. Deferred tax directly credited to equity amounted to £362,000 (2014: £356,000).  plc Annual Report 2015 57 9. Earnings per share Basic profit/loss per share Diluted profit/loss per share Adjusted basic earnings per share Adjusted diluted earnings per share 31 Dec 2015 Pence 31 Dec 2014 Pence 0.382 0.357 0.809 0.756 (0.049) (0.049) 0.393 0.375 Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit/loss after tax attributable to the equity holders of the Group by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all potential dilutive shares, namely share options. In order to give a better understanding of the underlying operating performance of the Group, an adjusted earnings per share comparative has been included. Adjusted earnings per share is stated after adjusting the profit/(loss) after tax attributable to equity holders of the Group for certain charges as set out in the following table below. 58 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 The calculation of earnings per share is based on the following earnings and number of shares. Profit after tax £’000 2015 Weighted average number of shares ‘000 Pence per share (Loss)/Profit after tax £’000 2014 Weighted average number of shares ‘000 Pence per share 1,429 373,505 0.382 (162) 332,027 (0.049) 1,203 776 99 234 (198) (12) 195 120 2,417 3,846 (824) 570 583 325 296 - (4) 162 35 - - - 0.647 - 1,967 1,805 (0.220) (500) - - - 0.592 - (0.150) 3,022 373,505 0.809 1,305 332,027 0.393 Basic earnings per ordinary share Effect of adjustments: Amortisation of acquired intangibles Share based payment costs Integration costs Cost of acquisitions Fair value movement on contingent consideration Interest receivable Finance expense Income tax expense Effect of adjustments Adjusted profit before tax Adjusted weighted tax charge 21.43% (27.70%) Adjusted basic earnings per ordinary share Effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares: Share options - 26,406 (0.053) - 16,063 (0.018) Adjusted diluted earnings per ordinary share 3,022 399,911 0.756 1,305 348,090 0.375  plc Annual Report 2015 59 10. Property, plant and equipment Computer equipment £’000 Fixtures and fittings £’000 Leasehold improvements £’000 Cost At 1 January 2014 Additions on acquisitions Additions Foreign exchange differences At 31 December 2014 Additions on acquisitions Additions Foreign exchange differences At 31 December 2015 Accumulated Depreciation At 1 January 2014 Charge for the year At 31 December 2014 Charge for the year At 31 December 2015 Net book value At 31 December 2014 At 31 December 2015 867 101 114 6 1,088 48 160 - 1,296 718 102 820 135 955 268 341 201 22 3 - 226 21 58 - 305 111 54 165 62 227 61 78 90 13 1 - 104 117 14 - 235 79 15 94 17 111 10 124 Total £’000 1,158 136 118 6 1,418 186 232 - 1,836 908 171 1,079 214 1,293 339 543 60 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 11. Intangible assets Cost At 1 January 2014 Additions At 31 December 2014 Additions on acquisition Additions At 31 December 2015 Accumulated amortisation At 1 January 2014 Amortisation charged in year At 31 December 2014 Amortisation charged in year At 31 December 2015 Carrying amount At 31 December 2014 At 31 December 2015 Goodwill £’000 Customer contracts and relationships £’000 Branding £’000 IP and Software development £’000 - 9,615 9,615 - 4,637 14,252 - - - - - 9,615 14,252 - 1,880 1,880 - 4,411 6,291 - 546 546 1,063 1,609 1,334 4,682 - 180 180 - 248 428 - 24 24 140 164 156 264 Total £’000 367 11,873 12,240 252 9,606 367 198 565 252 310 1,127 22,098 217 89 306 216 522 259 605 217 659 876 1,419 2,295 11,364 19,803  plc Annual Report 2015 61 Goodwill and acquisition-related intangible assets recognised have arisen from acquisitions. Refer to Note 29 for further details of acquisitions undertaken during the year. IP and software development reflects the recognition of development work undertaken in-house. CGU LEO Preloaded Eukleia Goodwill £’000 7,435 2,180 4,637 14,252 The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might be impaired. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are determined from value in use. The key assumptions for the value in use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and future operating margins. The Group monitors its pre-tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital and those of its competitors using market data. In considering the discount rates applying to CGUs, the Directors have considered the relative sizes, risks and the inter- dependencies of its CGUs. The impairment reviews use a discount rate adjusted for pre-tax cash flows. The Group prepares cash flow forecasts derived from the most recent financial plan approved by the Board and extrapolates revenues, net margins and cash flows for the following four years based on forecast growth rates of the CGUs. Cash flows beyond this five-year period are also considered in assessing the need for any impairment provisions. The growth rates are based on internal growth forecasts of between 8% and 9% for the first five years. The terminal rate used for the value in use calculation thereafter is 2.25%. No reasonably possible change in a key assumption would produce a significant movement in the carrying value of goodwill allocated to a CGU and therefore no sensitivity analysis is presented. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated, at acquisition, to the cash generating units (‘CGUs’) that are expected to benefit from that business combination. The Group has three CGUs. Following the acquisition of LINE and its merger with Epic in July 2014, to form LEO, management have determined that LEO represents one CGU. The carrying amount of goodwill has been allocated as follows: Growth rate % Pre-tax discount rate % 8% 9% 9% 11.0% 12.5% 12.5% Customer contracts, relationships and branding These intangible assets include the Group’s aggregate amounts spent on the acquisition of industry-specific knowledge, software technology, branding and customer relationships. These assets arose from acquisition as part of business combinations. The fair value of these assets is determined by discounting estimated future net cash flows generated by the asset where no active market for the assets exists. The cost of these intangible assets is amortised over the estimated useful life of each separate asset of between two and five years. IP and software development IP and software development costs principally comprise expenditure incurred on major software development projects and the production of generic e-learning content where it is reasonably anticipated that the costs will be recovered through future commercial activity. Capitalised development costs are amortised over the estimated useful life of between three and five years. 62 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 12. Investments accounted for using the equity method Investment in joint venture: Cost of investment Share of accumulated losses Foreign exchange differences The movements in joint venture investments is as follows: Balance at beginning of year Share of losses for the year Investment during the year Foreign exchange differences Joint venture 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 274 (271) (3) - 228 (209) (3) 16 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 16 (62) 46 - - - (160) 179 (3) 16 The Group acquired a 50% interest in LEO Brasil Tecnologia Educaional Ltda (‘LEO Brazil’) in November 2011, for a total consideration of 150,000 Brazilian Real (BRL); equivalent to approximately £49,000. In the year ended 31 December 2014, the Group invested an additional capital sum of BRL 748,000 (approximately £179,000) alongside that of the other party to the joint venture. In the year ended 31 December 2015, the Group invested an additional capital sum of BRL 232,000 (approximately £46,000) alongside that of the other party to the joint venture. The joint venture has share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares, which are held directly by the Group. The nature of the investment at 31 December 2014 and 31 December 2015 is listed below.  plc Annual Report 2015 63 Name of entity Country of registration or incorporation Principal activity Percentage of Ordinary Shares held by Group LEO Brasil Tecnologia Educacional Ltda (formerly Epic Brasil Tecnologia Educacional Ltda) Brazil Bespoke e-learning 50% The joint venture is a private company and there is no quoted market price available for its shares. The accounting reference date of the joint venture is coterminous with that of the Company. There are no contingent liabilities or commitments relating to the Group’s interest in the joint venture. Summarised financial information for the joint venture Set out below is summarised financial information for LEO Brazil which is accounted for using the equity method. The information reflects the amounts presented in the Financial Statements of the joint venture adjusted for differences in accounting policies between the Group and the joint venture where appropriate, and not the Group’s share of those amounts. Summarised statement of financial position: Non-current assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Other current assets Total current assets Current liabilities Other current liabilities (including trade payables) Net (liabilities) / assets 31 December 2015 £’000 31 December 2014 £’000 29 4 178 182 (302) (302) (91) 51 7 207 214 (232) (232) 33 64 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Summarised statement of comprehensive income: Revenue Depreciation and amortisation Loss from continuing operations Income tax expense / release (Loss) for the year Other comprehensive (expense) / income Total comprehensive (loss) for the year Year ended 31 Dec 2015 £’000 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 £’000 629 (9) (215) - (215) - (215) 776 (11) (251) - (251) - (251) Where the Group’s share of losses in a joint venture exceeds its interests in the joint venture, the Group does not recognise further losses as it has no further obligation to make payments on behalf of the joint venture. Such losses not recognised in the year ended 31 December 2015 totalled £46,000 (year ended 31 December 2014: £nil). Reconciliation of summarised financial information: Opening net assets/(liabilities) at 1 January (Loss) for the year Issue of share capital or capital contribution Foreign exchange differences Closing net (liabilities)/assets at 31 December Interest in joint venture at 50% Unrecognised losses Carrying value 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 33 (215) 92 (1) (91) (46) 46 - (62) (251) 323 23 33 16 - 16  plc Annual Report 2015 65 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 4,241 (40) 4,201 10 30 - 40 2,772 (10) 2,762 10 - - 10 13. Trade receivables Trade receivables Allowance for impairment losses Impairment losses: At 1 January Additions Amounts written-back At 31 December The Group’s normal trade credit term is 30 days. Other credit terms are assessed and approved on a case-by- case basis. The fair value of trade receivables approximates their carrying amount, as the impact of discounting is not significant. No interest has been charged to date on overdue receivables. 14. Other receivables, deposits and prepayments Sundry receivables Prepayments 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 38 516 554 12 325 337 66 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 15. Amount recoverable on contracts Amount recoverable on contracts 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 1,853 1,853 1,806 1,806 16. Cash and cash equivalents For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise the following: Cash and bank balances 17. Deferred tax assets/(liabilities) Deferred tax assets At 1 January Acquisition of subsidiaries Deferred tax charge directly to the income statement Deferred tax charge directly to equity At 31 December Deferred tax liabilities At 1 January Deferred tax on acquired intangibles and via acquisition Deferred tax charge directly to the income statement At 31 December 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 7,305 4,358 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 618 - 49 362 1,029 1 69 192 356 618 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 (446) (1,000) 264 (1,182) - (433) (13) (446)  plc Annual Report 2015 67 The deferred tax balances relate to temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Financial Statements. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax assets to be recovered. An analysis of deferred tax assets and liabilities is as follows: Deferred tax assets Deferred tax on share options Temporary differences Deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities Deferred tax on intangible assets Temporary differences Deferred tax liabilities 18. Trade and other payables Trade payables Payments received on account Tax and social security Contingent consideration Accruals and others 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 1,029 - 1,029 548 70 618 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 (996) (186) (1,182) (313) (133) (446) 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 814 1,858 1,140 405 1,618 5,835 546 1,505 672 1,290 819 4,832 The contingent consideration relates wholly to the acquisition of Preloaded Limited. 68 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 19. Other long-term liabilities Contingent consideration 31 Dec 20154 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 2,382 2,382 1,512 1,512 Of the contingent consideration balance, £430,000 relates to Preloaded Limited and is payable over the period 2017 to 2019. The balancing contingent consideration balance of £1,952,000 relates to the acquisition of Eukleia Training Limited. Further details are provided in Note 29. 20. Provisions Property costs At 1 January – brought forward Paid in the year Addition via acquisition Addition At 31 December 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 49 - 50 - 99 30 - - 19 49 The provision relates to the Group’s share of dilapidation costs in respect of costs to be incurred at the end of property leases.  plc Annual Report 2015 69 Number of shares Share capital £’000 Share premium £’000 Total £’000 354,495,446 1,329 13,098 14,427 35,714,286 134 - - 26 - 17 7,366 (257) 1,474 40 118 7,500 (257) 1,500 40 135 21. Share capital Shares were issued during the year as follows: At 1 January 2015 Placing of shares Issuance costs Issue of shares to acquire Eukleia Training Limited 6,818,182 Sale of Treasury shares - Shares issued on the exercise of options 4,651,903 At 31 December 2015 401,679,817 1,506 21,839 23,345 The par value of all shares is £0.00375. All shares in issue were allotted, called up and fully paid. On 31 July 2015, the Company announced that it had agreed to acquire the entire issued share capital of Eukleia Training Limited (’Eukleia’). The cash element of the acquisition consideration was funded from part of the proceeds of the placing of 35,714,286 new shares in the Company to raise £7.5 million at 21 pence per share. A further 6,818,182 new shares were issued in the Company in part consideration of the acquisition of Eukleia. Further details are provided in Note 29. 4,651,903 ordinary shares were issued during the course of the year as a result of the exercise of employee share options. On 3 March 2015 the Group incorporated Learning Technologies Group (Trustee) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The purpose of the company is to act as an Employee Benefit Trust (‘EBT’) for the benefit of current and previous employees of the Group. During the year the EBT received 604,340 existing shares in the Company for nominal value and sold 200,000 shares for a net gain of £40,000. At 31 December 2015 the EBT holds 404,340 ordinary shares in the Company. These shares are held in treasury. 70 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 22. Share-based payment transactions The Group operates an Approved and Unapproved share option plan and Sharesave option scheme. The Group’s share-based payment arrangements are summarised below. (a) Share option plans As part of its strategy for executive and key employee remuneration, on Admission to AIM the Company established a Share Option Scheme under which share options may be granted to officers and employees or members of the Group. Under the rules of the Share Option Scheme, the Company may grant EMI options and/or unapproved options. Prior to the reverse takeover by LTG in November 2013, Epic Group Limited ran their own share option scheme. Option holders in this plan either exercised their options or modified them into share options in the new scheme, such that they had a neutral effect on the option holders immediately before and after the amendment of the options. There is no limit on the number of shares, or the percentage of issued share capital, that can be used by the Company for share options. The rules of the Share Option Scheme do not comply with the ABI’s guidelines on policies and practices in respect of executive remuneration. Number of options Year ended 31 Dec 2015 Weighted average exercise price (pence) Approved share option plan - Enterprise Management Incentive (‘EMI’): At 1 January Options granted by Company Forfeited Exercised during the year At 31 December 25,248,910 4,928,370 (1,400,000) (4,327,366) 24,449,914 6.530 20.839 18.321 2.809 9.397 Number of options 24,240,723 6,000,000 (3,633,861) (1,357,952) 25,248,910 Year ended 31 Dec 2014 Weighted average exercise price (pence) 3.790 17.060 5.880 5.880 6.530 EMI options are granted to employees of the Group and vesting criteria are subject to challenging performance targets such as share price growth or other criteria such as annual sales. Except where agreed by the Board options, will lapse if an option holder ceases to be an employee of the Group. All EMI options are settled by equity.  plc Annual Report 2015 71 Unapproved share option plan: At 1 January Granted by Company Forfeited Exercised during the year At 31 December Number of options 2015 Weighted average exercise price (pence) 16,402,452 1,409,901 (125,000) (275,000) 17,412,353 5.688 22.413 1.882 1.882 7.130 Number of options 4,070,269 22,787,747 (10,455,564) - 16,402,452 2014 Weighted average exercise price (pence) 5.106 5.880 5.880 - 5.688 EMI options are granted to employees of the Group and vesting criteria are subject to challenging performance targets such as share price growth or other criteria such as annual sales. Except where agreed by the Board options will lapse if an option holder ceases to be an employee of the Group. All EMI options are settled by equity. (b) Sharesave option scheme The Company established the 2014 and 2015 Learning Technologies Group plc Sharesave Scheme in April 2014 and April 2015 respectively. The scheme enables UK permanent employees of the Group to buy shares in the Company at a discount on maturity of a three-year savings contract, unless they are made redundant, in which case they can exercise their options, at the time of redundancy. The savings are held with the Yorkshire Building Society. Each member of the scheme may save a fixed amount of up to £500 per month for three years at the end of which period, each employee may buy shares at a fixed price of 16.25 and 18.8 pence per share respectively (the ‘Option Price’), being a discount of 20% on the share price as of 28 April 2014 and 24 April 2015 respectively. At the end of three years, an employee may either opt to buy shares at the Option Price or take the savings in cash. 72 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Sharesave Option Scheme: At 1 January Granted by Company Forfeited Exercised during the year At 31 December Number of options 2015 Weighted average exercise price (pence) 3,987,857 573,500 (596,783) (49,537) 3,915,037 16.25 18.800 16.414 16.250 16.599 Number of options - 5,042,363 (1,054,506) - 2014 Weighted average exercise price (pence) - 16.250 16.250 - 3,987,857 16.250 At 31 December 2014, options granted to subscribe for Ordinary Shares of the Company, and the valuation criteria are as follows:  plc Annual Report 2015 73 Number of shares under option Date of grant Approved Unapproved scheme Sharesave Scheme Exercise Price (pence) Remaining vesting period Fair value of options (pence) Life (years) Volatility May 2012 5,790,582 Jun 2013 1,931,824 Nov 2013 7,399,138 - - - Feb 2014 Feb 2014 Feb 2014 - - - 8,001,226 4,000,613 4,000,613 Mar 2014 400,000 Mar 2014 400,000 Mar 2014 400,000 Mar 2014 400,000 Apr 2014 - Nov 2014 650,000 Nov 2014 250,000 Nov 2014 900,000 Nov 2014 900,000 Nov 2014 900,000 Jan 2015 500,000 Jan 2015 250,000 Jan 2015 250,000 Apr 2015 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dec 2015 200,000 200,000 Dec 2015 675,000 200,000 Dec 2015 675,000 200,000 Dec 2015 588,271 200,000 Dec 2015 200,000 Dec 2015 200,000 - - Dec 2015 590,099 609,901 - - - - - - - - - - 1.882 2.718 5.880 5.880 5.880 5.880 - - - Feb 2017 Feb 2017 Feb 2017 15.500 Mar 2015 15.500 Dec 2015 15.500 Dec 2016 15.500 Dec 2017 3,379,834 16.250 - - - - - - - - - 17.625 17.625 17.625 17.625 17.625 19.000 19.000 19.000 Nov 2015 Jan 2016 Jan 2017 Jan 2018 Jan 2019 Jan 2016 Jan 2016 Jan 2016 535,203 18.800 - - - - - - - - 20.250 Jan 2017 20.250 Jan 2018 20.250 Jan 2019 20.250 Jan 2020 25.250 Dec 2017 25.250 Dec 2018 25.250 Dec 2019 Totals 24,449,914 17,412,353 3,915,037 12.52 11.96 10.46 4.91 3.28 2.40 8.76 8.76 8.76 8.76 7.57 9.96 9.96 9.96 9.96 9.96 8.81 3.35 2.59 9.47 4.22 5.77 6.95 7.94 6.71 8.18 9.40 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 3 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 3 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 74 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 The expense and equity reserve arising from share- based payment transactions recognised in the year ended 31 December 2015 was £776,000 (year ended 31 December 2014: £583,000). The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options under the EMI Share Option Scheme was £0.2376. The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options under the Unapproved Scheme was £0.20. The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options under the Sharesave Scheme was £0.2185. The number of options that are exercisable at 31 December 2015 is 9,528,897 (2014: 13,256,263) An option-holder has no voting or dividend rights in the Company before the exercise of a Share option. The weighted average share price of the options granted during the year of the EMI Option Scheme was £0.1991 (2014: £0.170) and estimated fair value of each share option granted was £0.07234 (2014: £0.0964). The weighted average share price of the options granted during the year in the Unapproved Share Option Scheme was £0.2075 (2014: £0.180) and the estimated fair value of each share option granted was £0.0622 (2014: £0.03875). The weighted average share price at grant date of the Sharesave Scheme was £0.234 (2014:£0.195) and the estimated fair value of each share option was £0.0947 (2014:£0.0757). It is assumed that 75% of members will remain in the Group after three years. A 1.78% (2014: 1.78%) risk-free interest rate has been assumed for all three schemes. This estimated fair value was calculated by applying a Black-Scholes option pricing model. In the absence of a liquid market for the share capital of the Group, the expected volatility of its share price is difficult to calculate. Therefore the Directors have considered the expected volatility used by listed entities in similar operating environments to calculate the expected volatility.  plc Annual Report 2015 75 23. Subsidiaries of the Group The principal subsidiaries of the Group, all of which are private companies limited by shares, as at 31 December 2015 are as follows: Country of registration or incorporation Principal activity Percentage of Ordinary Shares held by Company Epic Group Limited England and Wales Holding company gomo Learning Limited England and Wales Mobile e-learning Leo Learning Limited England and Wales Bespoke e-learning Leo Learning Ag (formerly Line Communications Ag) Switzerland Bespoke e-learning Leo Learning Inc USA Bespoke e-learning Preloaded Limited England and Wales Educational Games Learning Technologies Group (Trustee) Limited England and Wales Employee Benefit Trust Eukleia Training Limited England and Wales Bespoke e-learning Line Communications Holdings Limited Line Communications Group Limited England and Wales Dormant England and Wales Dormant Line Learning Limited England and Wales Dormant Line On-Line Limited England and Wales Dormant 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% The accounting reference date of each of the subsidiaries is coterminous with that of the Company. 76 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 24. Reserves The share premium account represents the amount received on the issue of ordinary shares by the Company in excess of their nominal value and is non-distributable. The merger relief reserve arose on the acquisition of Leo Learning Limited (formerly Epic Performance Improvement Limited) by Epic Group Limited in 1996, and the Company’s reverse acquisition of Epic Group Limited. The reverse acquisition reserve was created in accordance with IFRS3 ‘Business Combinations’. The reserve arises due to the elimination of the Company’s investment in Epic Group Limited. Since the shareholders of Epic Group Limited became 25. Related party transactions Amount owing to joint venture: Current Trade balances the majority shareholders of the enlarged group, the acquisition is accounted for as though there is a continuation of the legal subsidiary’s Financial Statements. In reverse acquisition accounting, the business combination’s costs are deemed to have been incurred by the legal subsidiary. The share-based payment reserve arises from the requirement to value share options in existence at the grant date (see Note 22). The translation reserve represents cumulative foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the Financial Statements of foreign subsidiaries and is not distributable by way of dividends. 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 2 - The amounts due to related parties were unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand. Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this Note. Balances and transactions between the Group and other related parties are disclosed below. Remuneration of Directors and other transactions During the year there were no material transactions between the Company and the Directors, other than their emoluments (disclosed in Note 7). The Directors of the Company are considered to be the key management personnel of the entity. During the normal course of business, the Group purchased translation and accommodation services from RWS Group Limited totalling £286,000 in the year ended 31 December 2015 (2014: £185,000). Andrew Brode is the Chairman of RWS Group Limited. The amount due/accrued to RWS Group Limited at 31 December 2015 was £57,000 (31 December 2014: £35,000). These balances are included in trade and other payables (refer to Note 18).  plc Annual Report 2015 77 Transactions with joint venture In the year ended 31 December 2015, the Group invested an additional capital sum of 232,000 BRL (approximately £46,000) in its joint venture, LEO Brazil, alongside that of the other party to the joint venture. 26. Dividends paid Final dividend paid Interim dividend paid 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 248 200 448 - 107 107 On 30 October 2015, the Company paid an interim dividend of 0.05 pence per share (2014: 0.03 pence per share). The Directors propose to pay a final dividend of 0.10 pence per share for the year ended 31 December 2015, equating to a total payout in respect of the year of 0.15 pence per share (2014: 0.10 pence per share). The final dividend paid in 2015 relates to the year ending 31 December 2014. 27. Financial instruments The Group’s activities are exposed to a variety of market risk (including foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and equity price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall financial risk management policy focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on its financial performance. (a) Financial risk management policies The Group’s policies in respect of the major areas of treasury activity are as follows: (i) Market risk (i) Foreign currency risk The Group is exposed to foreign currency risk on transactions and balances that are denominated in currencies other than Pounds Sterling. The currencies giving rise to this risk are primarily the United States Dollar, Swiss Franc, Euro and the Brazilian Real. Foreign currency risk is monitored closely on an ongoing basis to ensure that the net exposure is at an acceptable level. The Group maintains a natural hedge whenever possible, by matching the cash inflows (revenue stream) and cash outflows used for purposes such as capital and operational expenditure in the respective currencies. 78 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities at the end of year were as follows: 31 December 2015 Financial assets Financial liabilities 31 December 2014 Financial assets Financial liabilities United States Dollar £’000 Brazilian Real £’000 Euro £’000 Swiss Francs £’000 906 195 1,078 238 - - 16 - 108 - 19 - 46 - 70 193 Total £’000 1,060 195 1,183 431 Foreign currency risk sensitivity analysis The following table details the sensitivity analysis to possible changes in the relative values of foreign currencies to which the Group is exposed as at the end of each year, with all other variables held constant: Effects on profit after taxation/equity United States Dollar - Strengthened by 10% - Weakened by 10% Brazilian Real - Strengthened by 10% - Weakened by 10% Euro - Strengthened by 10% - Weakened by 10% Swiss Franc - Strengthened by 10% - Weakened by 10% 31 Dec 2015 increase/(decrease) £’000 31 Dec 2014 increase/(decrease) £’000 71 (71) - - 11 (11) 5 (5) 84 (84) 15 (15) 2 (2) 12 (12)  plc Annual Report 2015 79 (ii) Interest rate risk Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk sensitivity analysis As the Group has no third party borrowings, a 100 basis points strengthening/weakening of the interest rate as at the end of each year would have immaterial impact on profit after taxation and/or equity. This assumes that all other variables remain constant. (ii) Credit risk The Group’s exposure to credit risk, or the risk of counterparties defaulting, arises mainly from trade and other receivables. The Group manages its exposure to credit risk by the application of credit approvals, credit limits and monitoring procedures on an ongoing basis. For other financial assets (including cash and bank balances), the Group minimises credit risk by dealing exclusively with high credit rating counterparties. The Group establishes an allowance for impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in respect of the trade and other receivables as appropriate. The main components of this allowance are a specific loss component that relates to individually significant exposures, and a collective loss component established for groups of similar assets in respect of losses that have been incurred but not yet identified. Impairment is estimated by management based on prior experience and the current economic environment. Credit risk concentration profile Apart from one customer, which constituted approximately 12% at 31 December 2015 (2014: 14%) of the Group’s trade receivables at that date, the Group did not have significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any group of counterparties having similar characteristics. The Group defines major credit risk as exposure to a concentration exceeding 10% of a total class of such asset. Exposure to credit risk As the Group does not hold any collateral, the maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of the financial assets as at the end of each reporting period. The exposure of credit risk for trade receivables by geographical region is as follows: United Kingdom United States Europe Allowance for impairment losses 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 3,645 2,463 482 114 (40) 291 18 (10) 4,201 2,762 80 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Ageing analysis The ageing analysis of the Group’s trade receivables is as follows: 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 2,751 1,246 1,279 211 4,241 1,287 239 2,772 (b) Capital risk management The Group defines capital as the total equity of the Group attributable to the owners of the parent Company and net funds. The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital and to provide funds for merger and acquisition activity. During 2015, the Group undertook a share placing of £7.5 million primarily in order to part finance the acquisition of Eukleia Training Limited. The Group has no external debt finance and is not subject to any external capital requirements. The Company made dividend distributions of 0.12 pence per share during the year ended 31 December 2015 (2014: 0.03 pence per share). Total equity increased from £14.4 million to £25.5 million during the year and net funds increased from £4.4 million to £7.3 million. Not past due Past due: - Less than three months - Three to six months Gross amount Trade receivables that are individually impaired were those in significant financial difficulties and have defaulted on payments. These receivables are not secured by any collateral or credit enhancement. Collective impairment allowances are determined based on estimated irrecoverable amounts from the sale of goods, determined by reference to experience of past defaults. Trade receivables that are past due but not impaired The Group believes that no impairment allowance is necessary in respect of these trade receivables. They are substantial companies with good collection track record and no recent history of default. (iii) Liquidity risk Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group’s exposure to liquidity risk arises primarily from mismatches of the maturities of financial assets and liabilities. The Group maintains a level of cash and cash equivalents and bank facilities deemed adequate by management to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they fall due. All Current Liabilities are repayable within one year.  plc Annual Report 2015 81 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 4,201 1,854 7,305 13,360 2,787 2,787 3,572 2 3,574 2,762 1,806 4,358 8,926 2,802 2,802 3,542 - 3,542 (c) Classification of financial instruments Financial assets Loans and receivables financial assets Trade receivables Amounts recoverable on contracts Cash and bank balances Financial liabilities Fair value through the profit and loss: Contingent consideration At amortised cost Trade and other payables Amount owing to related parties (d) Fair values of financial instruments The financial assets and financial liabilities maturing within the next 12 months approximate their fair values due to the relatively short-term maturity of the financial instruments. The group holds certain financial instruments on the statement of financial position at their fair value. The following table provides an analysis of those that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss, grouped into levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable. • Level 1 - Fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities: • Level 2 - Fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (derived from prices), and • Level 3 - Fair value measurements are those derived from the valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). The fair value of the contingent consideration is calculated using earnout metrics and related actual and forecast results. There have been no transfers between these categories in the current or preceding year. 82 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 2015 Contingent consideration 2014 Contingent consideration Level 1 £’000 Level 2 £’000 Level 3 £’000 - - - - - - - - 2,787 2,787 2,802 2,802 Total £’000 2,787 2,787 2,802 2,802 28. Commitments The Group had no material capital commitments contracted but not provided for in the Financial Statements. Operating lease payments represent rental payable by the Group for its office properties. The amounts of minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: Operating leases which are due: Within one year In the second to fifth years inclusive Over five years 31 Dec 2015 land and buildings £’000 31 Dec 2014 land and buildings £’000 473 704 616 1,793 312 455 - 767  plc Annual Report 2015 83 29. Acquisitions Eukleia Training Limited On 31 July 2015, the Company acquired 100% of the issued share capital of Eukleia Training Limited (’Eukleia’), a provider of e-learning services to the financial services sector. The initial consideration comprised £6,822,000 cash, and £1,500,000 in newly issued LTG shares. Further performance based payments, capped at £3,500,000 are payable on the achievement of demanding revenue growth targets in each of the years ending 31 December 2016 and 2017. Of this contingent consideration up to £3,150,000 is payable to the vendors of Eukleia. Of the potential contingent consideration payable to the vendors of Eukleia, £1,872,000 has been recognised as a cost of acquisition, reflecting the discounted value of future estimated payments over the next 2 years. A finance expense of £80,000 in the year reflects the prorated finance charge for the discounted element of the contingent deferred consideration, discounted at 10%. Together these liabilities of £1,872,000 are held on the balance sheet under long-term liabilities (see Note 19). Contingent consideration to vendors is payable in cash with LTG having the option to settle 25% of the consideration in LTG shares. The remaining £350,000 of contingent consideration is payable to Eukleia staff, the earnout criteria being aligned with the same revenue targets as the vendors. This earnout bonus will be charged to the Statement of Comprehensive Income as the benefit accrues and does not form part of the capitalised consideration. Acquisition costs of £234,000 were expensed in the year. The following table summarises the consideration paid for Eukleia, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Consideration Cash Equity instruments (6,818,182 ordinary shares) Contingent consideration due in 2017 Contingent consideration due in 2018 Total consideration Fair value £’000 6,822 1,500 819 1,053 10,194 84 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 Recognised amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed Book value £’000 Fair value £’000 Cash and cash equivalents Property, plant and equipment Internally generated intangible assets Gross trade and other receivables Trade and other payables Amount recoverable on contracts Corporation tax Deferred tax liabilities Deferred tax liabilities on acquisition Intangible assets identified on acquisition Total identifiable net assets Goodwill Total 1,204 186 252 1,608 (1,330) (14) (8) (68) - - 1,830 1,204 186 252 1,608 (1,330) (14) (8) (68) (932) 4,659 5,557 4,637 10,194 The goodwill arising is attributable to the acquired workforce, anticipated future profit from expansion opportunities and synergies of the business. Fair value adjustments have been recognised for acquisition-related intangible assets and related deferred tax and in alignment with accounting policies. Acquisition related intangible assets of £4.4 million relate to the valuation of the customer relationships which are amortised over a period of five years and £0.3 million which relates to the value of the Eukleia brand and is amortised over five years. A deferred tax liability of £0.9 million in respect of the acquisition-related intangible assets was established on acquisition (refer to Note 17). None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Goodwill arising from the acquisition has been allocated to the Eukleia CGU. Eukleia contributed £2.5 million of revenue for the period between the date of acquisition and the balance sheet date and £0.4 million of profit before tax. If the acquisition of Eukleia had been completed on the first day of the financial year, Group revenues would have been £3.7 million higher and group profit attributable to equity holders of the parent would have been £0.5 million higher. Details regarding the strategic decision to acquire Eukleia can be found in the Chairman’s statement and Strategic report on pages 4 and 9 respectively.  plc Annual Report 2015 85 30. Events since the reporting date On 29 January 2016, LTG acquired the entire issued share capital of Rustici Software LLC (‘Rustici’), the global market leader in digital learning interoperability for an initial consideration of USD 26.0 million of which USD 20.0 million was paid in cash and USD 6.0 million in newly issued LTG shares. Cash consideration was adjusted to take account of surplus cash in Rustici at completion. Further performance based payments, capped at USD 11.0 million, are payable to Rustici vendors and key employees based on ambitious revenue growth targets in each of the years ending 31 December 2016, 2017 and 2018, payable with up to 25% in new LTG shares at the option of the Company, and the remainder in cash. On an estimated equivalent basis to LTG’s accounting policies under IFRS, Rustici generated unaudited revenues of USD 6.6 million and EBITDA of USD 2.7 million in the year-ended 31 December 2015. It is anticipated that there will be Goodwill arising on the acquisition. On 29 January 2016, LTG also invested USD 3.0 million in cash in Watershed Systems Inc (‘Watershed’), the developer of the next generation learning analytics platform. Following an additional investment of USD 1.0 million by Launch Tennessee, a public-private partnership, LTG’s investment represents 27.3% of the share capital of the company. Watershed will be accounted for as an associate. The above transactions were part funded by a USD 20.0 million term loan provided by Barclays Bank plc. The loan is amortised over 5 years and repayable in quarterly instalments with a final bullet payment in January 2019. Interest is payable based on USD LIBOR, plus a 2.0% margin and the loan is subject to various financial covenants.  plc Annual Report 2015 86 COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  plc Annual Report 2015 87 COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (Registered number: 07176993) As at 31 December 2015 Note 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 Fixed assets Investment in subsidiaries Current assets Debtors Cash and bank balances Creditors Amounts falling due within one year Net current assets Total assets less current liabilities Creditors Amounts falling due after more than one year Net assets Capital and reserves Share capital Share premium account Share based payments reserve Retained profits 4 5 9 10 8 8 8 28,431 28,431 733 418 1,151 858 858 293 28,724 2,382 26,342 1,506 21,799 1,555 1,482 26,342 17,482 17,482 2,158 31 2,189 1,393 1,393 796 18,278 1,498 16,780 1,329 13,098 847 1,506 16,780 The Notes on pages 90 to 98 form an integral part of these Financial Statements. The Financial Statements on pages 87 to 98 were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 29 March 2016 and were signed on its behalf by: Neil Elton Group Finance Director 88 plc Annual Report 2015 COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY For the year ended 31 December 2015 Note Share capital £’000 Share premium £’000 Share based payments reserve £’000 At 1 January 2014 1,034 1,159 547 Profit for the year Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the period - - - Issue of shares 7 295 Costs of issuing shares Payment of dividends Share based payment charge credited to equity Transfer on exercise and lapse of options Transactions with owners At 31 December 2014 12 - - - - - - - 12,211 (272) - - - - - - - - - 583 (283) 300 847 295 1,329 11,939 13,098 Retained profits £’000 (441) 2,054 Total £’000 2,299 2,054 - - 2,054 2,054 - - (107) - - (107) 1,506 12,506 (272) (107) 583 (283) 12,427 16,780  plc Annual Report 2015 89 Retained profits £’000 1,506 2,054 Total £’000 16,780 2,054 - - 424 424 - - (448) - - 9,135 (257) (448) 776 (68) (448) 9,138 Note Share capital £’000 Share premium £’000 Share based payments reserve £’000 At 31 December 2014 1,329 13,098 847 Profit for the year Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the period - - - Issue of shares 7 177 - - - - 12 Costs of issuing shares Payment of dividends Share based payment charge credited to equity Transfer on exercise and lapse of options Transactions with owners At 31 December 2015 - - - 8,958 (257) - - - - - - - - - 776 (68) 708 177 8,701 1,506 21,799 1,555 1,482 26,342 90 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the year ended 31 December 2015 1. General information The Company is a public limited company, which is listed on the AIM Market of the London Stock Exchange and domiciled in England and incorporated and registered in England and Wales. The address of its registered office is 52 Old Steine, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 1NH. The registered number of the Company is 07176993. 2. Summary of significant accounting policies (a) Basis of preparation The Company’s Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable law and accounting standards in the United Kingdom and under the historical cost accounting rules (Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the United Kingdom). The Company’s Financial Statements were previously prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs as adopted by the EU), IFRIC interpretations and the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. Following the Company’s acquisition of Epic Group Limited in November 2013, the Directors have continued to apply IFRS in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Group but adopted Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the United Kingdom for the preparation of the Company’s Financial Statements. This change has had an impact on share premium whereby the reverse acquisition of Epic Group Limited has been accounted for at par value with no share premium. Under IFRS the acquisition is accounted for at the fair value of the consideration paid as described in Note 2 (a) to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Directors have assessed the Company’s ability to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future in accordance with the FRC Going Concern and Liquidity Risk guidance (October 2009). It is considered appropriate to continue to prepare the Financial Statements on a going concern basis. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable United Kingdom accounting standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 – ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland’ (‘FRS 102’), and with the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the modification to a fair value basis for certain financial instruments as specified in the accounting policies below. This is the first year in which the financial statements have been prepared under FRS 102. Refer to Note 14 for an explanation of the transition. The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not included a Profit and Loss account in these separate Financial Statements. The profit attributable to members of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2015 is £424,000 (year ended 31 December 2014: profit of £2,054,000). The company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland”: • the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows • the requirements of Section 11 Financial Instruments (b) Revenue recognition Revenue is stated net of Value Added Tax and net of any applicable discounts or rebates. Revenue is recognised for the rendering of services when all the following conditions are satisfied: • The amount of revenue can be measured reliably • It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company.  plc Annual Report 2015 91 (c) Interest revenue Interest revenue is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and the effective interest rate. (d) Fixed asset investments Fixed asset investments in Group undertakings are carried at cost less any provision for impairment. constructive obligations to pay further amounts if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior years. The Company’s contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised in profit or loss in the year to which they relate. (i) Related parties (e) Foreign currencies A party is related to the Company if: Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded using the rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the contracted rate or the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date and the gains or losses on translation are included in the profit and loss account. (f) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, bank balances, deposits with financial institutions and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. (g) Income taxes The charge for taxation is based on the profit/ loss for the year and takes into account taxation deferred because of timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting purposes. Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting purposes which have arisen but not reversed by the balance sheet date. (h) Pensions Defined contribution plans A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. The Company has no legal or (i) Directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, the party: • Controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company (this includes parents, subsidiaries and fellow subsidiaries); • Has an interest in the Company that gives it significant influence over the Company; or • Has joint control over the Company; (ii) The party is an associate of the Company; (iii) The party is a joint venture in which the Company is a venturer; (iv) The party is a member of the key management personnel of the Company or its parent; (v) The party is a close member of the family of any individual referred to in (i) or (iv); (vi) The party is an entity that is controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by, or for which significant voting power in such entity resides with, directly or indirectly, any individual referred to in (iv) or (v); or (vii) The party is a post-employment benefit plan for the benefit of employees of the entity, or of any entity that is a related party of the entity. Close members of the family of an individual are those family members who may be expected to influence, or be influenced by, that individual in their dealings with the Company. 92 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 (j) Share-based payment arrangements Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the entity’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity. At the end of each reporting period, the entity revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to other reserves. 3. Segment reporting The principal activity of the Company is that of a holding company for the Group, as well as performing all administrative, corporate finance, strategic and governance functions of the Group. The Directors consider this to constitute one reportable segment.  plc Annual Report 2015 93 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 17,482 10,949 - 28,431 - - - 3,901 13,581 - 17,482 - - - 28,431 17,482 4. Investment in subsidiaries Cost At 1 January Additions Disposals At 31 December Amortisation/impairment: At 1 January Provision for impairment Disposals At 31 December Net Book Value Details of the Company’s acquisitions during the year ended 31 December 2015 are set out in Note 29 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Details of the Company’s subsidiaries as at 31 December 2015 are set out in Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 94 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 5. Debtors Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings Deferred tax asset (see Note 6) Other debtors 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 602 53 78 733 2,079 35 44 2,158 Deferred tax includes £53,000 (2014: £35,000) falling due after more than one year. 6. Deferred tax assets At 1 January Deferred tax credit on share options in issue 7. Share capital Details of the Company’s authorised, called-up and fully paid share capital are set out in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The ordinary shares of the Company carry one vote per share and an equal right to any dividends declared. 8. Reserves The share-based payment reserve arises from the requirement to value share options in existence at the fair value at the date they are granted. The share premium account represents the amount received on the issue of ordinary shares by the Company in excess of their nominal value and 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 35 18 53 - 35 35 is non-distributable. In relation to the Company’s reverse acquisition of Epic Group Limited (‘Epic’), as the Company secured more than a 90% equity holding in Epic on terms that the consideration for the shares allotted was provided for the transfer to the Company of equity shares in Epic, section 610 of the Companies Act 2006 does not apply to the premium on those shares. Accordingly, the share issue has been accounted for at par value with no share premium.  plc Annual Report 2015 95 9. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year Trade creditors Contingent consideration Other creditors and accruals 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 6 405 447 858 16 1,290 87 1,393 Details of the Company’s contingent consideration as at 31 December 2015 are set out in Notes 18 and 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 10. Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year Contingent consideration 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 2,382 1,498 The interest expense relating to the movement in present value of contingent consideration in the year ending 31 December 2015 amounted to £195,000 (2014: £162,000). 11. Related party transactions The only key management personnel of the Company are the Directors. Details of their remuneration are contained in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The following transactions with subsidiaries occurred in the year: Opening amount due from related parties Amounts (repaid)/advanced by/from related parties Closing amount due from related parties 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 2,079 (1,477) 602 (1,573) 3,652 2,079 The amounts owing to/from related parties are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand. 96 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 12. Share-based payments Details of the group share based plans are contained in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The company operates an Approved share option plan. The company’s share-based payment arrangements are summarised below. Number of options 2015 Weighted average exercise price (pence) Number of options 2014 Weighted average exercise price (pence) Approved share option plan - Enterprise Management Incentive (‘EMI’): At 31 December 3,000,000 5.88 3,000,000 5.88 At 31 December 2015, options granted to subscribe for ordinary shares of the Company, and the valuation criteria are as follows: Date of grant Approved Scheme Exercise Price (pence) Remaining vesting period Fair value of options (pence) Life (years) Volatility Nov 2013 Totals 3,000,000 5.88 Nov 2016 10.46 10 45% 3,000,000 An option-holder has no voting or dividend rights in the Company before the exercise of a share option. The number of options that are exercisable at 31 December 2015 is nil (2014: Nil). No options were granted, forfeited, expired or exercised during the year (2014: nil) A 1.78% (2014: 1.78%) risk-free interest rate has been assumed for all three schemes. This estimated fair value was calculated by applying a Black-Scholes option pricing model. In the absence of a liquid market for the share capital of the Group, the expected volatility of its share price is difficult to calculate. Therefore the Directors have considered the expected volatility used by listed entities in similar operating environments to calculate the expected volatility. Share based payments which were expensed in the entity and taken to equity in the year ended 31 December 2015, amounted to £135,000 (year ended 31 December 2014: £nil). The remaining difference between the share based payments which were expensed as per Note 22 and the entity, relate to the options over the Company’s share capital held by employees of subsidiaries.  plc Annual Report 2015 97 13. Dividends paid Final dividend paid Interim dividend paid 31 Dec 2015 £’000 31 Dec 2014 £’000 248 200 448 - 107 107 14. Subsequent events Disclosures in relation to events subsequent to 31 December 2015 are shown in Note 30 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 98 plc Annual Report 2015 NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued) For the year ended 31 December 2015 15. Transition to FRS 102 The company has adopted FRS 102 for the year ended 2015 and has restated the comparative prior year amounts. Transition to FRS 102 – reconciliations Note 1. During the year, management reviewed the deferred tax asset that relates to the future tax relief available on the exercise of share options that is recognised in the entity, and concluded that it should be recognised in the subsidiary where the tax relief will be realised. Restated company statement of financial position: Original shareholders’ funds Reallocation of deferred tax of share based options Note 1 Restated shareholders’ funds Restated company profit and loss for the year ended 31 December 2014: Original profit on ordinary activities before tax Original tax on ordinary activities Reallocation of deferred tax of share based options Note 1 Restated profit for the financial year Apart from the above change there were no further material differences. 31 Dec 2014 £’000 16,937 (157) 16,780 1 Jan 2014 £’000 2,299 - 2,299 £’000 2,019 192 (157) 35 2,054  plc Annual Report 2015 99 COMPANY INFORMATION Directors Andrew Brode Non-executive Chairman Harry Hill Non-executive Deputy Chairman Jonathan Satchell Chief Executive Officer Neil Elton Group Finance Director Piers Lea Chief Strategy Officer Dale Solomon Chief Operating Officer Leslie-Ann Reed Non-executive Director Company Secretary Neil Elton Company number 07176993 Registered address 52 Old Steine Brighton East Sussex BN1 1NH Independent auditors Crowe Clark Whitehill LLP St Bride’s House 10 Salisbury Square London EC4Y 8EH Nominated adviser and broker Numis Securities Limited 10 Paternoster Square London EC4M 7LT Legal advisers DWF LLP Bridgewater Place Water Lane Leeds LS11 5DY Registrars Computershare Investor Services plc The Pavilions Bridgewater Road Bristol BS13 8AE Principal bankers Barclays Bank plc 1 Churchill Place London E14 5HP Communications consultancy Hudson Sandler Limited 29 Cloth Fair London EC1A 7NN UK London Brighton Sheffield Brazil Rio de Janeiro Sao Paulo USA New York Nashville Europe Zürich learning technologies group ltgplc.com 

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