Strength through Diversification Annual Report 2 0 1 8
Hospitality & Entertainment
Education
Government
Science & Tech
Manufacturing
Mission Critical
Infrastructure
Healthcare
Commercial
Limbach Holdings, Inc., with revenues of approximately $546 million in 2018, is an integrated building
systems provider—managing all components of mechanical, electrical, plumbing and control systems, from
system design and construction through service and maintenance.
We engineer, construct and service the mechanical, plumbing, air conditioning, heating, building automation,
electrical and control systems in both new and existing buildings and infrastructure. We work for general
contractors and building owners in the private, not-for-profit and public/government sectors.
With headquarters in Pittsburgh, PA, we operate from 10 strategically located business units throughout the
United States including Western Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh), Eastern Pennsylvania (Warrington, PA), New Jersey
(South Brunswick), New England (Wilmington, MA), Ohio (Columbus and Athens, OH), Michigan (Pontiac and
Lansing, MI), Southern California (Seal Beach, CA), Mid-Atlantic (Laurel, MD), and our new office opened in
2018 in downtown Detroit. Our design engineering and innovation center, Limbach Engineering & Design
Services, is based in Orlando, Florida. Harper, a Limbach Holdings, Inc. company, operates throughout Florida
with offices in Tampa, Lake Mary, north of Orlando, and we are opening up a new office in Boynton Beach to
service southeast Florida.
Our approximately 1,700 employees strive to be our customers’ 1st Choice in terms of the services we provide,
markets we serve and regions where we operate. Since founding, our commitment to safety, advanced
technology, human development and reliable execution has enabled us to attract and retain the industry’s top
leadership talent, skilled craftspeople and professional management staff.
Financial Highlights
Revenues
($ in millions)
Backlog
($ in millions)
$294.4
$331.4
$294.4
$447.0
$331.4
$485.7
$447.0
$546.5
$485.7
$546.5
$326.9
$378.1
$326.9
$434.3
$378.1
$461.4
$434.3
$559.7
$461.4
$559.7
$294.4
$331.4
$294.4
$447.0
$331.4
$485.7
$447.0
$546.5
$485.7
$546.5
$326.9
$378.1
$326.9
$434.3
$378.1
$461.4
$434.3
$559.7
$461.4
$559.7
2014
2014
2015
2014
2016
2015
2017
2016
2018
2017
2015
2014
2016
2015
2017
2016
2018
2017
2018
2018
2014
2014
2015
2014
2016
2015
2017
2016
2018
2017
2015
2014
2016
2015
2017
2016
2018
2017
2018
2018
Top line growth continued in 2018 as our revenues were up 12.5%
from the prior year. Our 2018 revenues were above our initial plan,
also allowing us to increase our guidance mid-year. We continue
to see solid demand for our specialty contracting expertise in
multiple verticals, with various industry analysts forecasting growth
in non-residential construction activity for the next several years.
Among our branches, New England, Ohio, Florida and Southern
California led our growth.
Our 2018 revenue performance was built on our 2016 and 2017 sales
activity and with 2018 sales activity continuing to be strong, we
have set an excellent foundation for revenues in 2019 and beyond.
Among the industry verticals we target, Healthcare, Transportation,
Education and Mission Critical continue to be very strong. In
2018 we expanded our presence in Michigan with a new office in
downtown Detroit, which was a key component in our multi-year,
multi-building project package win with Bedrock Construction.
Gross Profit
($ in millions)
$67.0
$67.0
$67.0
$67.0
Service Revenue
($ in millions)
Maintenance Base
Maintenance Base
Pull-Through
Maintenance Base
Revenue
Pull-Through
Revenue
Pull-Through
Maintenance Base
Revenue
Pull-Through
Revenue
$45.4
$39.1
$55.7
$45.4
$65.6
$55.7
$59.4
$65.6
$59.4
$39.1
$39.1
$45.4
$39.1
$55.7
$45.4
$65.6
$55.7
$59.4
$65.6
$59.4
$40.9
$47.7
$40.9
$70.9
$47.7
$81.5
$70.9
$94.4
$81.5
$94.4
$40.9
$47.7
$40.9
$70.9
$47.7
$81.5
$70.9
$94.4
$81.5
$94.4
2014
2015
2014
2016
2015
2017
2016
2018
2017
2018
2017
2015
2016
2016
2018
2014
2014
Our 2018 Gross Profit of $59.4 million was negatively impacted by
2015
project-related write-downs in our Mid-Atlantic business unit. We
implemented a number of measures to address the issues in the
branch and are confident we are well on our way to restoring it to
profitability. On a percentage basis, 2018 Gross Margin was 10.9%,
compared to 13.5% in 2017. Excluding the Mid-Atlantic branch, 2018
Gross Profit would have been $67.0 million, resulting in 2018 Gross
Margin of 15.2%.
2017
2018
$9.1
2014
$9.1
2014
$10.0
$9.1
$11.3
$10.0
$12.9
$11.3
$13.9
$12.9
2015
$10.0
2014
$9.1
2016
$11.3
2015
$10.0
2017
$12.9
2016
$11.3
2018
$13.9
2017
$12.9
$13.9
2018
$13.9
2017
2017
2015
2016
2016
2018
2014
Our Service business attained a notable milestone in 2018 with
2015
segment revenues of $108.3 million. The maintenance base which
serves as the foundation for much of our Service revenues reached
$14.7 million at year-end and was up 14% in 2018 from the prior
year. That base drives our pull-through revenue and thus gives us
confidence that Service segment revenues will continue to grow
nicely in 2019 and beyond.
2018
Dear Fellow Stockholders,
I would like to update our stakeholders on the
progress of Limbach Holdings as we aim to
become a best-in-class integrated specialty
contractor and service firm in the USA.
Limbach faced a considerable challenge in
2018, but due to our diversity, we were able
to weather a very tight labor environment in
one of our business units, ultimately providing
valuable lessons learned that have made our
business better. In previous presentations,
we reinforced the importance of having a
diversified business. We operate in eight major
market sectors; provide services to twenty-one
metropolitan regions and surrounding areas;
and deliver both construction and annuity
maintenance contract services. This strategic
platform of diversity allowed us to weather
acute, labor-related challenges in one business
unit. It also will allow us to continue our top-
line revenue growth, coupled with bottom-line
profitability, while tapering economic cycle-
driven slowdowns.
2018 featured plenty of highlights, including
the launch of our 9th major market sector,
Data Centers, or Mission Critical as we have
titled it, a sector
that is predicted to
have stable growth
for years to come,
as the internet of
things continues its
explosive growth.
Our Service
business surpassed
expectations with
year-on-year revenue
growth of 14.8 %,
Customer: Turner Construction
Project: Turnstile (Confidential)
Location: New Albany, OH
representing 19.8% of our overall business
revenue. Year-on-year service sales grew 45%.
Our maintenance base, which is a key forward
indicator, reached a Company-record high
of $14.7 million, exceeding our internal plan.
Continuing with the Service segment update,
during 2018, we expanded our building
automation systems (“BAS”) offering with
design, installation
and maintenance
of BAS in 9 of our
10 business units. We
also launched a new
energy monitoring
software tool, that will
lead to energy retrofit
projects and ongoing
monitoring fees. Combining our existing
growth platform for the Service segment, and
these technology applications, we see the
opportunity to continue the excellent growth
we have experienced over the past number
of years. I should note our Rapid Service
Expansion program, launched in 2013, has beat
our plan every year, growing organically from
$39.9 million in 2013 to $108.3 million in 2018
and delivering EBIT growth of $2.7 million to
$7.7 million. We continue to make significant
investment in our Service segment SG&A to
support our rapid growth. We believe this
investment is smart and will deliver long-term
annuity results as Service becomes an increasing
portion of our overall revenue, driving improved
profitability. We see the Service business
delivering strong shareholder value for years
to come.
Our Construction segment results were very
disappointing due to the severe project
writedowns in our Mid-Atlantic region
stemming from customer delays compounded
by a regional labor shortage. The combination
of delays outside of our control; continued
rapid sales growth in 2016 and 2017; and an
insufficient understanding of the developing
labor shortage, caused us to incur very large
project charges. The labor market, specifically
a capacity shortage in the Washington, D.C.
market, is very severe. The industry is booming
1
and while that normally would bring increased
profits, the severity was not understood, and
the business was crippled in the second half of
2018. The majority of those troubled projects
are complete and the Limbach labor force has
returned to manageable levels. At the time of
this letter, we are pursuing over $15 million in
change orders and claims around the impacts of
customer delays on these Mid-Atlantic projects.
Once resolved, this will possibly mean additional
cash flows for the Company in future periods.
When isolating the Mid-Atlantic region from the
rest of the Construction segment, the majority
of our business units delivered exceptional
returns. Specifically, without Mid-Atlantic,
the business would have delivered revenue
of $350.8 million with $22.6 million in EBIT.
Safety, customer selection, sales, execution
and cash flow were strong in the majority
of our operations.
Construction backlog at year end reached a
record $505.5 million, an 18.5% jump over the
year earlier period. This construction backlog
provides a 60.1% revenue coverage in 2019.
In addition, we have a record “promised” set
of projects totaling $380.2 million. Promised
projects are not yet in backlog, but have
entered either preconstruction, engineering
or the customer has committed the project to
us. These are all positive forward indicators for
2019 and beyond.
Other Construction segment highlights from
2018 include a continuation of the expansion
of modular
construction
assembles,
construction
components that
create efficiencies,
reducing demand
for labor in the
field and increase
margins. Our goal
Harper Shop, Lake Mary, FL
2
is to maximize prefab of materials before hitting
the project site. Our Limbach Modeling &
Production System (LMPS) is allowing us to
steadily increase our prefabrication.
Within our Florida business unit in 2018, we also
piloted the aggressive use of real-time data,
which delivered superior results, specifically
to our Orlando business unit. Typically, our
field forces would receive monthly production
reports, which is late, lagging information. The
pilot created a process for weekly data for both
leading and lagging indicators. This timely data
allows management and field forces to take
immediate action to correct identified issues as
well as see positive trends to emphasize, which
deliver improved gross margin. It all added up
to sizable additional margin generated over
booked values and very few unanticipated cost
impacts. These processes and reports are being
rolled out to the rest of the Company in 2019.
This is a preventive risk management measure
that will improve our gross profit margins.
Learning Center at the LEDS office,
To support our
continued growth
and risk management
oversight, we
promoted a seasoned
employee as Co-
COO, splitting these
responsibilities
between Kris Thorne
and Mike McCann.
We have enjoyed
impressive revenue
growth over the past several years, and we
expect that growth to continue, through
organic expansion and acquisitions. We also
expanded Limbach University’s training staff
and programs, doubling the team from 3 to 6
full-time staff. We have hired many new people,
and expect that to continue, plus we continue
to focus on long-term employee continuing
education, with a goal of 24 hours of training
per year. This past year, we introduced a new
Orlando, FL
online training program to supplement in
classroom training. LU also continued with our
in-house Limbach Leadership Development
program, or LLDP, to cultivate the next
generation of leaders.
Our safety program, known as Hearts & Minds,
continued to realize significant progress on
improving our lagging indicators with improving
results, while increasing the hours worked
with new employees joining the Company. We
credit this trend to leadership’s commitment to
eliminate injuries, a new
Safety Accountability
Policy launched in 2017, a
new observation program
and the development
of an in-house program
consisting of a two-day commitment workshop
that all supervisors are required to attend. Why
Hearts & Minds? When management wins over
the hearts and minds of the workforce, truly
showing we care about them, they care about
the Company. This leads to less safety incidents
and better workmanship. All of this is reinforced
through our number one core value, We Care.
Shifting to the extremely challenging news
realized in our Mid-Atlantic business unit in
2018, our turnaround plan is well underway.
Let me recap the actions taken:
1. Detailed Oversight by a COO and New
Regional Leader:
We installed a new
regional leader
in November and
assigned Mike
McCann to provide
detailed oversight
of the business unit.
A turnaround plan
was assembled and
approved by the
Board of Directors.
Limbach Leadership
Development Group 2018
The plan is being executed and we are pleased
with the progress.
2. Scaled Back the Business Unit: As part
of the turnaround plan, we decided to scale
back the business. This means returning
that unit’s business back to historic revenue
levels, where it delivered acceptable
operating income. This will take some time,
and will impact our revenue growth in 2019,
but we believe it’s the proper move.
3. Sales Tied to Available Human Capital
Resources: Our sales process now
incorporates analysis of the availability of
human capital. Looking out 12 months,
we are determining our ability to deliver,
taking on projects that fit our employed
resources, and are considering joint venture
partners to share in the risk profile of the
larger projects we take into our construction
backlog. This was deployed Company wide.
4. Focus on our Strengths: The Mid-Atlantic
business unit will be leveraging its Service
segment offering, which maintains one
of the largest owner-direct portfolios
of customers within Limbach, offering
maintenance services to smaller-scale
projects that include full MEP services.
We also want to continue our expansion
of electrical services, which has delivered
smart profits on a consistent basis.
The results of the Mid-Atlantic losses were
very severe and dramatically impacted our
2018 results. Many lessons were learned, and
preventative processes have been installed
throughout the Company. Additional resources
have been employed. The biggest lessons:
invest for growth, increase margins for
additional profits and make sure the growth
is controlled.
Concerning going forward plans for 2019, let
me highlight the significant areas of focus.
1. Rapid Service & Maintenance Expansion:
Our Service segment has an excellent margin
profile, generating solid operating income fed
by a significant recurring revenue stream, all
3
with a better risk profile than our Construction
business. We will be focusing on Service
acquisitions although our immediate focus
across the entire enterprise will continue to be
delivering solid financial results marked by
organic growth and profitability.
2. Expanding Technology Applications for
Building Operations: In late 2018, we launched
the Limbach Energy Analysis Program, or
LEAP, which allows Limbach to provide utility
monitoring software services. In 2019, we
will also be selecting a new software package
for our Service segment, which will allow us
to install monitoring equipment for predictive
maintenance. Both software solutions provide
new opportunities for us to increase our
Service segment sales.
3. Expanding Prefabrication and Moving
into Manufacturing: We are studying the
opportunity to move into a more formalized
manufacturing process business. Our technology
currently deployed by us, LMPS, is leading us
to solutions we previously could not deliver.
We expect our plan to be formalized in 2019,
which could lead to an investment in 2020.
4. Customer Selection: With our strong brand,
unique engineering platform, a booming
market, and limited labor supply, we are
increasing our focus on customer selection.
Our goal is to continue our expansion of
marketing directly to building owners, securing
local and national relationships. With our
general contractor and construction manager
relationships, we will be sifting through the
roster and will only be targeting relationships
with proven high-quality execution in
addition to strong profit and positive cash
flow histories.
5. Acquisitions: Our acquisition team is pursuing
industrial deals and we look forward to
recommencing our acquisition activity in the
second half of 2019. This ties into our focus on
cultivating more building owner relationships,
which tend to generate better margins and
positive cash flows.
4
This coming July
will mark three years
for Limbach since
becoming a public
company by listing
on Nasdaq. Much
has gone better
than we planned
in that time. We
have delivered
tremendous
organic growth
with the majority
of our business
units delivering
terrific bottom-line results at or better than
margins we had predicted. Our Service segment
also continues to enjoy rapid growth ahead
of the goals we laid out three years ago. Our
backlog and maintenance base have reached
historic highs and we don’t see any clouds
on the horizon that make us believe we will
see a slowdown. A key to that belief is the
diversity of our business; our market sectors; our
geographic USA-based footprint; and our two
segments that feed each other, Construction
and Service. We stumbled rather severely in
one business unit in 2018. We took aggressive
action locally within that business unit, leading
us to step back and look to strengthen our
overall business operations.
We believe our actions will take us from good,
to great. Thank you for your interest in Limbach,
an emerging best-in-class integrated specialty
contractor and service firm in the USA.
Sincerely
Charles (Charlie) A. Bacon, III
Chief Executive Officer
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 001-36541
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
1251 Waterfront Place, Suite 201
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
(Address of principal executive offices)
46-5399422
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
15222
(Zip Code)
1-412-359-2100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller
reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller
reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed as of June 29, 2018 (the last
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), was approximately $57,684,969.
As of April 12, 2019, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was 7,643,133.
Documents Incorporated by Reference: Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to the registrant’s 2019
Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed hereafter are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Form 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I.
Item 1.
Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 1A. Risk Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 2.
Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part II.
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 9.
Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 9B. Other Information.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part III.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
. . . . . . .
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part IV.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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i
Item 1. Business
Part I
Limbach Holdings, Inc. (the “Company,” “we” or “our”), formerly known as 1347 Capital Corp.
(“1347 Capital”), is a Delaware corporation headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Company was
originally incorporated as a special purpose acquisition company on April 15, 2014, formed for the purpose
of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other
similar business combination with one or more businesses. On July 20, 2016, the Company consummated a
business combination (“Business Combination”) with Limbach Holdings LLC (“LHLLC”) and changed its
name from 1347 Capital Corp. to Limbach Holdings, Inc.
The Company is a commercial specialty contractor in the areas of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning
(“HVAC”), plumbing, electrical and building controls for the design and construction of new and renovated
buildings, maintenance services, energy retrofits and equipment upgrades. Across the U.S., we provide
comprehensive facility services consisting of mechanical construction, full HVAC service and maintenance,
energy audits and retrofits, engineering and design build services, constructability evaluation, equipment
and materials selection, offsite/prefab construction, and the complete range of sustainable building
solutions and practices. Our primary customers include: (i) general contractors (“GCs”) and construction
managers (“CMs”) who serve as the prime contractors in designing and constructing commercial buildings
for public, institutional (not-for-profit) and private owners; and (ii) building owners themselves, for
“owner-direct” work in which we contract directly with the owners.
The Company operates in two segments, (i) Construction, in which we generally manage large
construction or renovation projects that involve primarily HVAC, plumbing or electrical services, and
(ii) Service, in which we provide maintenance or service on HVAC, plumbing or electrical systems.
Our core market sectors for new construction, renovations, energy retrofits and maintenance services
consist of the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Healthcare, including research, acute and outpatient not-for-profit, for-profit, and
pharmaceuticals and biotech facilities;
Education, including colleges, universities, research centers and K-12 public and private facilities;
Sports & entertainment, including sports arenas, related facilities and entertainment facilities
including casinos and amusement rides;
Transportation, including passenger terminals and maintenance facilities for rail and airports;
Government, including federal, state and local agencies facilities;
Hospitality, including hotels and resorts;
Corporate and commercial office buildings, including new builds and interior fit-outs;
Residential multifamily apartment buildings (excluding condominiums);
• Mission critical facilities, including data centers; and
•
Industrial manufacturing facilities.
These sectors are projected by FMI (a leading third-party consultant to the engineering and
construction industry) to experience stable or strong growth through 2022, as noted in their Fourth Quarter
2018 Construction Outlook report. We are particularly focused on expanding our top four sectors noted
above (Healthcare, Education, Sports & entertainment, and Transportation), leveraging our core areas of
expertise and targeting projects with optimal risk/reward characteristics. Given recent developments and
trends within the U.S. economy, we are also evaluating expansion and investment opportunities related to
our Mission critical and Industrial market sectors.
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Our subsidiaries include Limbach Company LLC, which operates in regions that utilize organized
union labor in New England, Eastern Pennsylvania, Western Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Michigan
and the Mid-Atlantic region; Limbach Company LP, which operates in Southern California as a union
operation; and Harper Limbach, our non-union, “open shop” division, which operates in Florida. Each of
our operations (branches) provides design, construction and maintenance services in some or all of the
HVAC, plumbing and electrical fields.
Our core growth strategies include offering design, construction and maintenance services for the full
complement of HVAC, plumbing and electrical in all of our branch operations. We currently offer certain of
these services in each of our branches, with electrical self-perform design, installation and maintenance
services being offered primarily in our Mid-Atlantic region. In addition, we also offer electrical services
through installation subcontracting in our Ohio, Eastern Pennsylvania and Tampa regions. Over the
coming years, we plan to further equip each of our regions to provide this combined offering. The approach
of combined HVAC, plumbing and electrical is appealing to building owners who own and operate facilities
with complex building systems.
Complex systems lend themselves to delivery methodologies that fit our value proposition and
integrated business model, including design/assist, design/build and integrated project delivery. We believe
that few specialty contractors in the United States offer fully integrated HVAC, plumbing and electrical
services. We believe our integrated approach provides a significant competitive advantage, especially when
combined with our proprietary design and production software systems. Our integrated approach allows for
increased prefabrication of HVAC components, improves cycle times for project delivery and reduces risks
associated with onsite construction.
In 2018, we were ranked the 9th largest mechanical contractor by Engineering News Record, up
from 10th largest in 2017. For additional financial information about our operating segments, see
Note 13 — Operating Segments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Customers
Our customer base primarily consists of general contractors and construction managers, building
owners or their representatives.
We believe we have strong relationships with a majority of national commercial GC/CMs. As one of
our core risk management processes, we are selective in choosing to work with GC/CMs that have similar
core values to ours, have a solid payment history, and who value our services and our reputation. Our top
core national GC/CM customers include the following (listed in alphabetical order):
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•
•
Barton Malow
Gilbane Building Company
Hathaway Dinwiddie
Hensel Phelps Construction
• Moriarty
•
•
Skanska USA
Turner Construction Company
• Whiting-Turner
In addition to these national GC/CM customers, our branches also maintain strong relationships with
local and regional GC/CMs that fit our selection criteria. The Company had a single Construction segment
customer that accounted for approximately 18% of consolidated total revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2018 and another single Construction segment customer that accounted for approximately
15% of consolidated total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Our strategic goals include continuing to grow our direct relationships with building owners. Building
owners control capital and operating investments. This not only improves our position relative to major
construction contracts with these owners, but also allows us to build long-term relationships around
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recurring maintenance services and smaller repair and installation projects. In our typical customer life
cycle, we pursue opportunities to build or renovate facilities through a GC/CM. In most cases, this
relationship is our primary point of entry into the building owner’s organization. However, we maintain
hundreds of building owner relationships through our contracts for maintenance, smaller project
renovations and energy retrofits. In our experience, when building owners are planning a project that
involves predominantly HVAC, plumbing and/or electrical services, they often ask the GC/CM to assign the
work directly to the Company. The following list includes some of our notable owner-direct relationships
(listed in alphabetical order):
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Amgen
Beaumont Health System
Cardinal Health
Constellation Energy
Disney’s Facility Group
Disney’s Imagineering
Honda
Hospital Corporation of America
Johns Hopkins University
• Marriott
• Michigan State University
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Ohio Health
Ohio State
Orlando Health
PPG Industries
Steward
Tyco
UHS
• Washington Gas
Construction Segment
Construction Delivery Methods
We provide our Construction Segment services through a variety of project delivery options.
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Competitive Lump Sum Bidding (also referred to as “Plan & Spec” Bidding). Plan & Spec
Bidding is a competitive bid process among multiple contractors bidding on completed or nearly
complete design documents based on a lump sum price for delivery of the project. Price is the
predominant selection criteria in this process.
Design/Assist. Design/assist is a process in which a specialty contractor is selected among
competing contractors using best value methodology. In best value, a selection is made based
primarily upon qualifications and project approach and secondarily on select cost factors. Cost
factors are usually limited to a fixed fee and expense estimate and an estimate of the cost of work.
With design/assist, the specialty contractor is typically contracted early in the design process to
provide design and preconstruction input as needed to assist the customer in maintaining the
established budget and completing design and drawings. This delivery option often includes a
guaranteed maximum price (“GMP”) on a fixed fee basis; however, sometimes the owner may
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•
•
•
offer a lump sum price to be established following the completion of design. Typically, once the
specialty contractor is selected, there is no further competition. In some cases, the owner has the
option of holding a competitive process at the end of design. On occasion, an owner may arrange
for a cost-plus fixed fee arrangement exclusive of a GMP or lump sum arrangement.
Integrated Project Delivery (“IPD”). Similar to design/assist, IPD is also a negotiated process;
however, in the case of IPD, the entire project team, including the specialty contractors, is selected
based on qualifications, team and approach. With IPD, the entire team is typically selected prior
to the commencement of design and works together to establish a target budget and to execute the
project within the agreed budget. On IPD projects, key specialty contractors (including HVAC,
electrical and plumbing) are typically (but not always) parties to the same contract as the owner,
GC/CM and design professionals, leading to a more equitable sharing of risk and profit.
Design/Build. Design/build projects may be secured on a best value or qualification-based
selection basis. A design/build contract may be delivered as a lump sum or GMP. With
design/build, a prime GC/CM or other contractor will directly contract with a building owner. In
many cases, the prime contractor will also procure specialty contracting services on a design/build
lump sum or GMP basis. On occasion, we have the opportunity to provide re-design/build
services. With re-design/build, we typically contract on a design/assist basis to participate during
the design phase as described above. If the project’s HVAC, plumbing and/or electrical design is
substantially over budget, then we may offer to re-design the project and bring the project back
into budget. Higher margins may be earned on these contracts in comparison to design/assist
contracts and can be executed with less risk due to having designed the systems.
In select locations within specific vertical markets (such as education),
Performance Contracting.
we provide performance contracting to building owners. Performance contracting involves the
assessment of a building owner’s facilities and offers a proposal to reduce energy and operating
costs over a specified period of time. Energy and operating savings are delivered through
replacement of energy or cost inefficient systems and equipment with more efficient systems. The
Company’s performance contracting team is able to deliver the capital improvements using our
design/build platform and then, in some instances, guarantee the energy and operating systems
over an agreed upon time-frame. In most cases, the building owner provides the financing for
performance contracting. In other cases, we arrange for financing as part of the contract.
Typically, performance contracts are offered by the Company on a negotiated basis. Negotiated
contracts can provide for higher margins and lower risk than conventional projects. To assure our
cost and operating saving guarantees, we require that we provide maintenance services during the
term of the agreement.
Service Segment
Our key business initiatives include the establishment of long-term relationships with building owners
through maintenance agreements. We strive to convert construction projects into service business
opportunities. We believe the Company has been successful in converting many of our construction projects
into long-term maintenance contracts with building owners. However, a large portion of our maintenance
services are delivered to building owners for whom we have not performed construction services.
Accordingly, our service platform can operate on a standalone basis or in conjunction with our
construction platform. We believe that our maintenance service offering provides a competitive advantage
in the marketplace. Our Service revenue has grown by 14.8% to $108.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to $94.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our Service
business builds long-term relationships through renewable, evergreen contracts and provides the following
revenue and gross profit streams:
• Maintenance Contracts. Through evergreen contracts, we provide maintenance services for
HVAC, electrical and/or plumbing systems and equipment.
•
Service Project Contracts. Smaller than typical construction projects, this work is contracted
directly with a building owner. On projects that are predominantly HVAC, plumbing, and/or
electrical in scope, the Company may act as the “prime” general contractor.
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•
“Spot” work is construction and/or service work performed on an emergency basis
Spot Work.
for building owners who are already under contract with the Company for maintenance and/or
construction work.
• Water Treatment.
In select branch locations, we offer specialized water treatment services to
•
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building owners who may need to rehabilitate poorly maintained chillers and related equipment.
Automatic Temperature Controls (“ATC”). We provide design, installation and maintenance for
specialized ATC systems through our maintenance and construction platforms to building owners
and GC/CM customers.
Special Projects Division (“SPD”).
In addition to our major construction projects and our
maintenance services, we provide construction services through our special project divisions,
known as SPD. Each of our branch locations offers SPD services. SPD services are typically less
than $1 million in construction cost and have short durations and limited scopes of work. These
projects are primarily secured through lump sum competitive bids, though on occasion these
projects may be negotiated. When design is required for an SPD project, Limbach Engineering &
Design Services (“LEDS”) often supports the contract. Although SPD work is normally
performed on projects under $1 million, the margins earned on these projects can be substantially
higher than larger construction projects. Typically, the project duration for SPD services is shorter
than that of large construction projects, and can sometimes be completed in less than 30 days.
Due to our successful contractual relationships with building owners earned through maintenance
services, we are well positioned with those owners when they are ready to initiate major capital construction
projects. As a result, our maintenance services often lead to and help drive and support the growth of our
HVAC, plumbing and electrical construction business.
Engineering and Shared Services
Located in Orlando, Florida, LEDS provides our in-house engineering capabilities. LEDS provides
professional engineering, energy analysis, estimation, and detail design services to building owners and
clients in both our Construction and Service segments. This capability distinguishes us from competitors
that more typically provide design/build services by hiring external engineering companies. By providing
professional engineering through LEDS, we deliver integrated design/build services to the market. By
bundling engineering services with construction, our clients avoid the costly expense of separate engineering
services.
The core capability of LEDS is professional engineering. Combined throughout the Company, we
maintain 17 registered professional engineers on staff, who are supported by a staff of approximately
41 estimators and designers. LEDS acts as the engineer of record for projects where we serve as a
design/build specialty contractor. LEDS engineers have experience in healthcare, institutional, commercial,
multi-family residential, hospitality, and industrial projects. Our operations in all of our regions have
complete access to a large staff of professional engineers and designers through LEDS. LEDS controls the
development and maintenance of our Limbach Modeling and Production System (“LMPS”). LMPS is a
comprehensive database, workflow, and reporting system used by LEDS and all of our branches to design,
estimate, plan, and track construction projects. We believe LMPS is unique in the industry and provides a
competitive advantage by providing highly technical services in-house in a cost effective manner. LMPS is a
Building Information Modeling (“BIM”) tool that allows us to construct mechanical, electrical and
plumbing engineering (“MEP”) systems in a virtual environment, avoid conflicts in the field, eliminate
rework caused by coordination issues, maximize the use of off-site prefabrication of assemblies, and capture
installation productivity and construction progress. We utilize LMPS beginning with the original
engineering concept and throughout the construction process to continuously monitor progress and avoid
wasted efforts. Many others in the industry expend additional costs to third parties for redrawing and
remodeling effort to achieve the same results.
Backlog
Our Construction backlog was $505.5 million and $426.7 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. Projects are brought into backlog once we have been provided written confirmation of award
and the contract value has been established. At any point in time, we have a substantial volume of projects
5
that are specifically identified and advanced in negotiations and/or documentation, however those projects
are not booked as backlog until we have received written confirmation from the owner or the GC/CM of
their intention to award us the contract and they have directed us to begin engineering, designing, incurring
construction labor costs or procuring needed equipment and material. Our construction projects tend to be
built over a 12- to 24-month schedule depending upon scope and complexity. Most major projects have a
preconstruction planning phase which may require months of planning before actual construction
commences. We are occasionally employed to deliver a “fast-track” project, where construction commences
as the preconstruction planning work continues. As work on our projects progresses, we increase or
decrease backlog to take into account our estimate of the effects of changes in estimated quantities, changes
in conditions, change orders and other variations from initially anticipated contract revenues, and
the percentage of completion of our work on the projects. We estimate that 60% of our construction
backlog as of December 31, 2018 will be recognized as revenue during 2019.
Our Service backlog was $54.2 million and $34.7 million as of December 31, 2018 and December 31,
2017, respectively. These amounts reflect unrecognized revenue expected to be recognized over the
remaining terms of our service contracts and projects. We estimate that 100% of our service backlog as of
December 31, 2018 will be recognized as revenue during 2019.
Competition
The HVAC, plumbing, electrical, and maintenance industry is highly competitive and the geographic
markets in which we compete have numerous companies that provide similar services. Factors influencing
our competitiveness include price, reputation for quality, ability to reduce customer costs, experience and
expertise, financial strength, surety bonding capacity, knowledge of local markets and conditions, and
customer relationships. Competitors tend to be regional firms that vary in size and depth of resources.
There are, however, significant national competitors with greater national presence and breadth of expertise
than that of the Company.
Materials & Equipment
We purchase materials, including sheet metal, steel and copper piping, electrical conduit, wire and
other various materials from numerous sources. We also purchase equipment from various manufacturers.
The price and availability of materials and equipment may vary from year to year due to market conditions
and industry production capacities. We do not foresee a lack of availability of any materials or equipment
in the near term.
Employees
As of December 31, 2018, we had approximately 1,700 employees, including 550 full-time salaried
employees, comprised of project managers, estimators, superintendents and engineers who manage fully
equipped crews in our construction business and office staff. We also had approximately 1,200 craft
employees, some of whom are represented by various labor unions. In most locations, we believe we have a
good relationship with our employees. In most locations, we have developed strong partnerships with local
unions to have access to an experienced, talented craft workforce.
Seasonality
Severe weather can impact our operations. In the northern climates where we operate, and to a lesser
extent the southern climates as well, severe winters can slow our productivity on construction projects,
which shifts revenue and gross profit recognition to a later period. Our maintenance operations may also be
impacted by mild or severe weather. Mild weather tends to reduce demand for our maintenance services,
whereas severe weather may increase the demand for our maintenance and spot services.
Government and Environmental Regulations
We are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the environment,
including those relating to discharges to air, water and land, the handling and disposal of solid and
hazardous waste, the handling of underground storage tanks and the cleanup of properties affected by
6
hazardous substances. We also are subject to compliance with numerous other laws and regulations of
federal, state, local agencies, and authorities, including those relating to workplace safety, wage and hour,
and other labor issues (including the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Act and
comparable state laws), immigration controls, vehicle and equipment operations and other aspects of our
business. In addition, a relatively limited number of our construction contracts are entered into with public
authorities, and these contracts frequently impose additional requirements, including requirements
regarding labor relations and subcontracting with designated classes of disadvantaged businesses. A large
portion of our business uses labor that is provided under collective bargaining agreements. As such, we are
subject to federal laws and regulations related to unionized labor and collective bargaining (including the
National Labor Relations Act).
We continually monitor our compliance with these laws, regulations and other requirements. While
compliance with existing laws, regulations and other requirements has not materially adversely affected our
operations in the past, and we are not aware of any proposed requirements that we anticipate will have a
material impact on our operations, there can be no assurance that these requirements will not change or
that compliance will not otherwise adversely affect our operations in the future. In addition, while we
typically pass any costs of compliance on to our customers under the applicable project agreement, either
directly or as part of our estimate depending on the type of contract, there can be no assurance that we will
not incur compliance expenses in the future that materially adversely affect our results of operations.
Furthermore, certain environmental laws impose substantial penalties for non-compliance and other laws,
such as the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(“CERCLA”), and comparable state laws, impose strict, retroactive, joint and several liability upon persons
that contribute to the release of a “hazardous substance” into the environment. These persons include the
owner or operator of the site where the release occurred and companies that disposed or arranged for the
disposal of the hazardous substances found at the site.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all of the other information included
in this annual report on Form 10-K. The risks described below are those which we believe are the material risks
that we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or which we currently consider immaterial may also
have an adverse effect on us. Any risk described below may have a material adverse impact on Limbach’s
business or financial condition. Some statements in this annual report on Form 10-K, including such statements
in the following risk factors, constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are
based on Limbach management’s current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of
risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our
views as of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements
to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future
events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
Intense competition in our industry could reduce our market share and profit.
The markets we serve are highly fragmented and competitive. The commercial specialty contractor
industry is characterized by numerous companies, many of which are small and whose activities are often
geographically concentrated. We compete on the basis of our technical expertise and experience, financial
and operational resources, industry reputation and dependability. While we believe our customers consider
a number of these factors in awarding available contracts, a large portion of our work is awarded through a
bid process. Consequently, price is often the principal factor in determining which contractor is selected,
especially on smaller, less complex projects. As such, smaller competitors are sometimes able to win bids for
such projects based on price alone due to their lower cost and financial return requirements. We expect
competition in the commercial specialty contractor industry to remain intense for the foreseeable future,
presenting us with significant challenges in our ability to maintain strong growth rates and acceptable profit
margins. We also expect increased competition from in-house service providers as some of our customers
have employees who perform service and maintenance work similar to the services we provide. Vertical
consolidation is also expected to intensify competition in the industry. If we are unable to meet these
competitive challenges, we could lose market share to our competitors and experience an overall reduction
in our profits. In addition, our profitability could be impaired if we have to reduce prices to remain
competitive.
If we do not effectively manage the size and cost of our operations, our existing infrastructure may become
either strained or over-burdensome, and we may be unable to increase revenue growth.
The growth we have experienced in the past, and that we may experience in the future, may provide
challenges to our organization, requiring us to expand our personnel and operations. Future growth may
strain our infrastructure, operations and other managerial and operating resources. We have also
experienced severe constriction in the markets in which we operated in the past and, as a result, in our
operating requirements. Failing to maintain the appropriate cost structure for a particular economic cycle
may result in us incurring costs that affect our profitability. If our business resources become strained or
over-burdensome, our earnings may be adversely affected and we may be unable to increase revenue growth.
Further, we may undertake contractual commitments that exceed our labor resources, which could also
adversely affect our earnings and ability to increase revenue growth.
Our dependence on a limited number of customers could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Due to the size and nature of our regional construction contracts, one or a few customers have in the
past, and may in the future, represent a substantial portion of our consolidated revenues and gross profits
in any one year or over a period of several consecutive years. For example, the Company had a single
Construction segment customer that accounted for approximately 18% of consolidated total revenues for
the year ended December 31, 2018 and another single Construction segment customer that accounted for
approximately 15% of consolidated total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017. Similarly, our
backlog frequently reflects multiple contracts for certain customers; therefore, one customer may comprise
8
a significant percentage of backlog at a certain point in time. The loss of business from any one of such
customers could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations. Also, a default or
delay in payment on a significant scale by a customer may have a material adverse effect on our financial
position, results of operations and cash flows.
Our contract backlog is subject to unexpected adjustments and cancellations and could be an uncertain
indicator of our future earnings.
We cannot guarantee that the revenues projected in our contract backlog will be realized or, if realized,
will be profitable. Projects reflected in the contract backlog may be affected by project cancellations, scope
adjustments, time extensions or other changes. Such changes may materially and adversely affect the
revenue and profit we ultimately realize on these projects.
Because we bear the risk of cost overruns in most of our contracts, we may experience reduced profits or, in
some cases, losses if costs increase above estimates.
Our contract prices are established largely upon estimates and assumptions of our projected costs,
including assumptions about: future economic conditions; prices, including commodities prices; availability
of labor, including the costs of providing labor, equipment, and materials; and other factors outside our
control. If our estimates or assumptions prove to be inaccurate, if circumstances change in a way that
renders our assumptions and estimates inaccurate or we fail to successfully execute the work, cost overruns
may occur and we could experience reduced profits or a loss for affected projects. For instance,
unanticipated technical problems may arise; we could have difficulty obtaining permits or approvals; local
laws, labor costs or labor conditions could change; bad weather could delay construction; prices of raw
materials could increase; suppliers or subcontractors may fail to perform as expected; or site conditions may
be different than expected. We are also exposed to increases in energy prices. Additionally, in certain
circumstances, we guarantee project completion or the achievement of certain acceptance and performance
testing levels by a scheduled date. This includes our performance contracting services tied to energy savings
on retrofitted energy conservation projects. Failure to meet schedule or performance requirements typically
results in additional costs to us, and in some cases may also create liability for consequential and liquidated
damages. Performance problems for existing and future projects could also cause our actual results of
operations to differ materially from those anticipated and could damage our reputation within the industry
and our customer base.
In addition, the costs incurred and gross profit realized on our contracts can vary, sometimes
substantially, from our original projections due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to:
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on-site conditions that differ from those in the original bid or contract;
failure to include required materials or work in a bid, or the failure to estimate properly the
quantities or costs needed to complete a lump sum or guaranteed maximum price contract;
contract or project modifications creating unanticipated costs not covered by change orders;
failure by the customer, owner or general contractor to properly approve and authorize change
orders for work that is required and as a result, the inability to bill and collect for the value of the
work performed;
failure by suppliers, vendors, subcontractors, designers, engineers, consultants, joint venture
partners or customers to perform their obligations;
delays in quickly identifying and taking measures to address issues which arise during contract
execution;
changes in availability, proximity and costs of materials, including pipe, sheet metal, and other
construction materials;
claims or demands from third parties for alleged damages arising from the design, construction or
use and operation of a project of which our work is part;
difficulties in obtaining required governmental permits or approvals;
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availability and skill level of workers in the geographic location of a project;
citations issued by any governmental authority, including the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration;
unexpected labor conditions, shortages or work stoppages;
installation productivity rates different than the rate that was estimated;
changes in applicable tariffs, laws and regulations;
delays caused by weather conditions;
fraud, theft or other improper activities by suppliers, vendors, subcontractors, designers,
engineers, consultants, joint venture partners, customers or our own personnel; and
mechanical or performance problems with equipment.
Many of our customer contracts contain provisions that purport to shift some or all of the above risks
from the customer to us, even in cases where the customer is partly at fault. We are not always able to shift
this risk to subcontractors. Our experience has been that customers are willing to negotiate equitable
adjustments in the contract compensation or completion time provisions if unexpected circumstances arise.
However, customers may seek to impose contractual risk-shifting provisions more aggressively, which could
increase risks and adversely affect our cash flow, earnings and financial position.
Timing of the award and performance of new contracts could have an adverse effect on our operating results
and cash flow.
The timing of project awards is unpredictable and outside of our control. Project awards often involve
complex and lengthy negotiations and competitive bidding processes. These processes can be impacted by a
wide variety of factors, including a customer’s decision to not proceed with the development of a project,
governmental approvals, financing contingencies, commodity prices, environmental conditions, and overall
market and economic conditions. We may not win contracts that we have bid upon for any number of
reasons, including price, a customer’s perception of our ability to perform, a competitor’s relationships
and/or perceived technology advantages held by others. Many of our competitors may be more inclined to
take greater or unusual risks or accept terms and conditions in a contract that we might not deem
acceptable. Because a significant portion of our revenues is generated from large projects, our results of
operations can fluctuate quarterly and annually depending on whether and when large project awards occur
and the commencement and progress of work under large contracts already awarded. As a result, we are
subject to the risk of losing new awards to competitors or the risk that revenue may not be derived from
awarded projects as quickly as anticipated.
The uncertainty of the timing of project awards may also present difficulties in matching the size of
our work crews with project needs. In some cases, we may maintain and bear the cost of more ready work
crews than are currently required, in anticipation of future needs for existing contracts or expected future
contracts. If a project is delayed or an expected project award is not received, we would incur costs that
could have a material adverse effect on our anticipated profit.
In addition, the timing of the revenues, earnings and cash flows from our contracts in backlog could be
delayed by a number of factors, including adverse weather conditions; other subcontractors delaying the
progression of proceeding work; delays in receiving material and equipment from suppliers and services
from subcontractors; and changes in the scope of work to be performed. Such delays, if they occur, could
have material and adverse effects on our operating results for current and future periods until the affected
contracts are completed.
We place significant decision making powers with our subsidiaries’ management, which presents certain risks,
including that the operating results of individual branches may vary.
We operate from various locations across the United States, supported by corporate executives and
services, with local branch management retaining responsibility for day-to-day operations and adherence to
applicable laws. We believe that our practice of placing significant decision making powers with local
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management is important to our successful growth and allows us to be responsive to opportunities and to
our customers’ needs. However, this practice can make it difficult to coordinate procedures across our
operations and presents certain risks, including the risk that we may be slower or less effective in our
attempts to identify or react to problems affecting an important business issue than we would under a more
centralized structure, or that we would be slower to identify a misalignment between a subsidiary’s and our
overall business strategy. If a subsidiary location fails to follow our compliance policies, we could be made
party to a contract, arrangement or situation with exposure to large liabilities or that has less advantageous
terms than is typically found in the market. Likewise, inconsistent implementation of corporate strategy
and policies at the local level could materially and adversely affect our overall profitability, business, results
of operations, financial condition and prospects.
The operating results of an individual location may differ from those of another location for a variety
of reasons, including market size, local customer base, regional construction practices, competitive
landscape, regulatory requirements, state and local laws and local economic conditions. As a result, certain
of our locations may experience higher or lower levels of profitability and growth than other locations.
Design/Build contracts subject us to the risks of design errors and omissions.
Design/build projects provide the customer with a single point of responsibility for both design and
construction. When we are awarded these projects, we typically perform the design and engineering work
in-house. In the event that a design error or omission by us causes damage, there is risk that we, our
subcontractors or the respective professional liability or errors and omissions insurance would not be able
to absorb the liability. Any liability resulting from an asserted design defect with respect to our construction
projects may have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
With our IPD contracts, a portion of our overhead and profit may be at risk.
With IPD projects, the parties to the agreement typically place a portion of their overhead and profit
into a profit pool. If savings exist, the profit pool could increase. If there are cost overruns by any party, the
profit pool could be reduced or eliminated, leading to the Company having its costs and certain overhead
expenses recovered, but it could lead to no gross profit being recognized on an IPD project.
If we experience delays and/or defaults in customer payments, we could be unable to recover all expenditures.
Due to the nature of our contracts, we sometimes commit resources to projects prior to receiving
payments from the customer in amounts sufficient to cover expenditures on projects as they are incurred.
Delays in customer payments may require us to make a working capital investment. If a customer defaults
in making their payments on a project to which we have devoted resources, it could have a material negative
effect on our results of operations.
Unsatisfactory safety performance may subject us to penalties, affect customer relationships, result in higher
operating costs, negatively impact employee morale and result in higher employee turnover.
Our projects are conducted at a variety of sites including construction sites and industrial facilities.
Each location is subject to numerous safety risks, including electrocutions, fires, explosions, mechanical
failures, weather-related incidents, motor vehicle and transportation accidents and damage to equipment. In
addition, the Company leases a sizeable fleet of vehicles operated by Company employees, and many of our
employees operate their personal vehicles in the course and scope of their employment, traveling to and
from the sites and our facilities. These hazards can cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to
or destruction of property and equipment and other consequential damages, and could lead to suspension
of operations, large damage claims and, in extreme cases, criminal liability. While we have taken what we
believe are appropriate precautions to minimize safety risks, we have experienced serious accidents in the
past and may experience additional accidents in the future. Serious accidents may subject us to penalties,
civil litigation or criminal prosecution. Claims for damages to persons, including claims for bodily injury or
loss of life, could result in significant costs and liabilities, which could adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, like other companies in our industry, we track our injury
history in the form of an Experience Modification Rate (“EMR”). In the event that the EMR associated
with certain of our operating units exceeds the minimum threshold set by customers, we may be unable to
pursue certain projects. Poor safety performance could also jeopardize our relationships with our customers
and harm our reputation.
11
Our inability to properly utilize our workforce could have a negative impact on our profitability.
The extent to which we utilize our workforce affects our profitability. Underutilizing our workforce
could result in lower gross margins and, consequently, a decrease in our short-term profitability. On the
other hand, overutilization of our workforce could negatively impact safety, employee satisfaction, and
project execution, leading to a potential decline in future project awards. The utilization of our workforce is
impacted by numerous factors, including:
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our estimates of headcount requirements and our ability to manage attrition;
efficiency in scheduling projects and our ability to minimize downtime between project
assignments;
productivity;
labor disputes; and
availability of skilled labor at any given time.
Our business has union and open shop operations, subjecting the business to risk for labor disputes.
We have separate subsidiary employers that have union and non-union operations. There is a risk that
our corporate structure and operations in this regard could be challenged by one or more of the unions to
which the employees belong. An adverse claim or judgment resulting from such a challenge could have a
material adverse effect on our operations.
Strikes or work stoppages could have a negative impact on our operations and results.
We are party to collective bargaining agreements covering a majority of our craft workforce. Although
strikes, work stoppages and other labor disputes have not had a significant impact on our operations or
results in the recent past, any such labor actions, or our inability to renew the collective bargaining
agreements, could materially and adversely impact our operations and results if they occur in the future.
Our success depends upon the continuing contributions of certain key personnel, each of whom would be
difficult to replace. If we lose the benefit of the experience, efforts and abilities of one or more of these
individuals, our operating results could suffer.
Our continuing success depends on the performance of our management team. We rely on the
experience, efforts and abilities of these individuals, each of whom would be difficult to replace. We cannot
guarantee the continued employment of any of our key executives who may choose to leave the company
for any number of reasons, such as other business opportunities, differing views on strategic direction, etc.
If we lose members of our management team, our business, financial condition and results of operations,
and customer base, as well as the market price of our common stock, could be adversely affected.
If we are unable to attract and retain qualified managers, employees, joint venture partners, subcontractors and
suppliers, we will be unable to operate efficiently, which could reduce our profitability.
Our business is labor intensive, and many of our operations experience a high rate of employment
turnover. It is often difficult to find qualified personnel in certain geographic areas where we operate.
Additionally, our business is managed by a small number of key executive and operational officers.
Generally, the industry is facing a shortage of trained, skilled, and qualified management, operational, and
field personnel. We may be unable to hire and retain the skilled labor force necessary to operate efficiently
and to support our growth strategy or to execute our work in backlog. Changes in general or local
economic conditions and the resulting impact on the labor market and on our joint venture partners may
make it difficult to attract or retain qualified individuals in the geographic areas where we perform our
work. Our labor expenses may increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of skilled personnel. Labor
shortages, increased labor costs or the loss of key personnel could reduce our profitability and negatively
impact our business. Further, our relationship with some customers could suffer if we are unable to retain
the employees with whom those customers primarily work and have established relationships.
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Misconduct by our employees, subcontractors or partners, or our overall failure to comply with laws or
regulations could harm our reputation, damage our relationships with customers, reduce our revenue and
profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions.
Misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities
by one or more of our employees, subcontractors, suppliers or partners could have a significant negative
impact on our business and reputation. Examples of such misconduct include employee or subcontractor
theft, the failure to comply with safety standards, state-specific laws related to automobile operations
(including mobile phone usage), customer requirements, environmental laws, DBE regulatory compliance,
and any other applicable laws or regulations. While we take precautions to prevent and detect these
activities, such precautions may not be effective and are subject to inherent limitations, including human
error and fraud. Our failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations or acts of misconduct could
subject us to fines and penalties, harm our reputation, damage relationships with customers, reduce our
revenue and profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions.
Our dependence on subcontractors and suppliers of equipment and materials could increase our costs and
impair our ability to complete contracts on a timely basis or at all, which would adversely affect our profits and
cash flow.
We rely heavily on third-party subcontractors to perform some, and often a majority, of the work on
many of our contracts. We also rely almost exclusively on third-party suppliers to provide the equipment
and materials (including pipe, sheet metal and control systems) for our contracts. If we are unable to retain
qualified subcontractors or suppliers, or if our subcontractors or suppliers do not perform as anticipated
for any reason, our execution and profitability could be harmed. By contract, we remain liable to our
customers for the performance or failures of our subcontractors and suppliers.
We generally do not bid on projects unless we have commitments from suppliers for the materials and
equipment and from subcontractors for the services required to complete the projects at prices that have
been included in the bid. Thus, to the extent that we cannot obtain commitments from our suppliers for
materials and equipment, and from subcontractors for services needed, our ability to bid for contracts may
be impaired. In addition, if a supplier or subcontractor is unable to deliver materials, equipment or services
according to the negotiated terms of a supply/services agreement for any reason, including the deterioration
of our financial condition, we may suffer delays and be required to purchase the materials, equipment and
services from another source at a higher price or incur other unanticipated costs. This may reduce the profit
to be realized, or result in a loss, on a contract.
Price increases in materials could affect our profitability.
We purchase materials, including sheet metal, steel and copper piping, electrical conduit, wire and
other various materials from numerous sources. We also purchase equipment from various manufacturers.
The prices we pay for these materials and equipment may be impacted by transportation costs, government
regulations, import duties and tariffs, changes in currency exchange rates, general economic conditions and
other circumstances beyond our control. Although we may attempt to pass on certain of these increased
costs to our customers, we may not be able to pass all of these cost increases on to our customers. As a
result, our margins may be adversely impacted by such cost increases.
We may be unable to identify and contract with qualified Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (“DBE”)
contractors to perform as subcontractors.
Certain of our projects include contract clauses requiring Disadvantaged Business Enterprise
participation. The participation clauses may be in the form of a goal or in the form of a minimum amount
of work that must be subcontracted to a DBE firm. If we fail to complete these projects with the minimum
DBE participation, we may be held responsible for breach of contract, which may include restrictions on
our ability to bid on future projects, as well as monetary damages. To the extent we are responsible for
monetary damages, the total costs of the project could exceed the original estimates, we could experience
reduced profits or a loss for that project, and there could be a material adverse impact to our financial
position, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. Further, if we contract with a DBE contractor that
is not properly qualified to perform a commercially useful function, we could be held responsible for
violation of federal, state or local laws related to DBE contracting.
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Our participation in construction joint ventures exposes us to liability and/or harm to our reputation for
failures of our partners.
As part of our business, we are a party to special purpose, project specific joint venture arrangements,
pursuant to which we typically jointly bid on and execute particular projects with other companies in the
construction industry. Success on these joint projects depends upon the various risks discussed elsewhere in
this section and on whether our joint venture partners satisfy their contractual obligations.
We and our joint venture partners are generally jointly and severally liable for all liabilities and
obligations of the joint ventures. If a joint venture partner fails to perform or is financially unable to bear
its portion of required capital contributions or other obligations, including liabilities stemming from
lawsuits, we could be required to make additional investments, provide additional services or pay more than
our proportionate share of a liability to make up for our partner’s shortfall. Furthermore, if we are unable
to adequately address our partner’s performance issues, the customer may terminate the project, which
could result in legal liability to us, harm to our reputation and reduction to our profit on a project.
A significant portion of our business depends on our ability to provide surety bonds. Any difficulties in the
financial and surety markets may cause a material adverse effect on our bonding capacity and availability.
In the past we have expanded, and it is possible we will continue to expand, the number and percentage
of total contract dollars that require an underlying construction surety bond (bid, payment, and
performance bonds). Historically, surety market conditions have experienced times of difficulty as a result
of significant losses incurred by surety companies and the results of macroeconomic trends outside of our
control. Consequently, during times when less overall bonding capacity is available in the market, surety
terms have become more expensive and more restrictive. We cannot guarantee our ability to maintain a
sufficient level of bonding capacity in the future, which could preclude our ability to bid for certain
contracts or successfully contract with some customers. Additionally, even if we continue to be able to
access bonding capacity to sufficiently bond future work, we may be required to post collateral to secure
bonds, which would decrease the liquidity we would have available for other purposes. Our surety providers
are under no commitment to guarantee our access to new bonds in the future; thus, our ability to access or
increase bonding capacity is at the sole discretion of our surety providers. If our surety companies were to
limit or eliminate our access to bonds, the alternatives would include seeking bonding capacity from other
surety companies, increasing business with clients that do not require bonds and posting other forms of
collateral for project performance, such as letters of credit or cash. We may be unable to secure these
alternatives in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all. As such, if we were to experience an
interruption or reduction in the availability of bonding capacity, it is likely we would be unable to compete
for or work on certain projects.
Our insurance policies against many potential liabilities require high deductibles. Additionally, difficulties in
the insurance markets may adversely affect our ability to obtain necessary insurance.
Although we maintain insurance policies with respect to our related exposures, these policies are
subject to high deductibles; as such, we are, in effect, self-insured for substantially all of our typical claims.
Our estimates of liabilities for unpaid claims and associated expenses and the appropriateness of the
estimated liability are reviewed and updated quarterly. However, insurance liabilities are difficult to assess
and estimate due to the many relevant factors, the effects of which are often unknown, including the
severity of an injury, the determination of our liability in proportion to other parties, the number of
incidents that have occurred but are not reported, and the effectiveness of our safety program. Our accruals
are based on known facts, historical trends (both internal trends and industry averages) and our reasonable
estimate of our future expenses. We believe our accruals are adequate. However, our risk management
strategies and techniques may not be fully effective in mitigating the risk exposure in all market
environments or against all types of risk. If any of the variety of instruments, processes or strategies we use
to manage our exposure to various types of risk are not effective, we may incur losses that are not covered
by our insurance policies (including potential punitive damages awards) or that exceed our accruals or
coverage limits.
Additionally, it is possible that insurance markets will become more expensive and restrictive. Also, our
prior casualty loss history might adversely affect our ability to procure insurance within commercially
reasonable ranges. As such, we may not be able to maintain commercially reasonable levels of insurance
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coverage in the future, which could preclude our ability to work on many projects. Our insurance providers
are under no commitment to renew our existing insurance policies in the future; therefore, our ability to
obtain necessary levels or kinds of insurance coverage are subject to market forces outside our control. If
we are unable to obtain necessary levels of insurance, we likely would be unable to compete for or work on
most projects.
Our use of the percentage-of-completion method of accounting could result in a reduction or reversal of
previously recorded revenue or profits.
A material portion of our revenue is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of
accounting, which results in recognizing contract revenue and earnings ratably over the contract term in the
proportion that our actual costs bear to our estimated contract costs. The earnings or losses recognized on
individual contracts are based on estimates of contract revenue, costs and profitability. We review our
estimates of contract revenue, costs and profitability on an ongoing basis. Prior to contract completion, we
may adjust our estimates on one or more occasions as a result of change orders to the original contract,
collection disputes with the customer on amounts invoiced, or claims against the customer for increased
costs incurred due to customer-induced delays and other factors. Contract losses are recognized in the fiscal
period in which the loss is determined. Contract profit estimates are also adjusted in the fiscal period in
which it is determined that an adjustment is required. As a result of the requirements of
the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, the possibility exists, for example, that we could have
estimated and reported a profit on a contract over several periods and later determined, usually near
contract completion, that all or a portion of such previously estimated and reported profits were overstated.
If this occurs, the full aggregate amount of the overstatement will be reported for the period in which such
determination is made, thereby offsetting all or a portion of any profits from other contracts that would be
reported in such period, or even resulting in a loss being reported for such period. On a historical basis, in
most branches, we believe that the Company has typically made reasonably reliable estimates of the
progress towards completion on our long-term contracts. However, given the uncertainties associated with
these types of contracts, it is possible for actual costs to materially and adversely vary from estimates
previously made, which may result in reductions or reversals of previously recorded revenue and profits.
Earnings for future periods may be impacted by impairment charges for goodwill and intangible assets.
We carry a significant amount of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets on our consolidated
balance sheets. Goodwill is the excess of purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets of
acquired businesses. We assess goodwill for impairment each year, and more frequently if circumstances
suggest an impairment may have occurred. We may determine in the future that a significant impairment
has occurred in the value of our unamortized intangible assets or fixed assets, which could require us to
write off a portion of our assets and could adversely affect our financial condition or reported results of
operations.
Contractual warranty obligations could adversely affect our profits and cash flow.
We often warrant the services provided, typically as a function of contract, guaranteeing the work
performed against defects in workmanship and the material we supply. If warranty claims occur, we could
be required to repair or replace warrantied work in place at our cost. In addition, our customers may elect
to repair or replace the warrantied item by using the services of another provider and require us to pay for
the cost of the repair or replacement. Costs incurred as a result of warranty claims could adversely affect
our operating results and financial condition.
Recent and potential changes in U.S. trade policies and retaliatory responses from other countries may
significantly increase the costs or limit supplies of raw materials and products used in our operations.
The U.S. federal government has recently imposed new or increased tariffs or duties on an array of
imported materials and goods that are used in connection with our operations. Foreign governments,
including China and Canada, and trading blocs, such as the European Union (“EU”), have responded by
imposing or increasing tariffs, duties and/or trade restrictions on U.S. goods, and are reportedly considering
other measures. These trade conflicts and related escalating governmental actions that result in additional
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tariffs, duties and/or trade restrictions could increase our operating costs, cause disruptions or shortages in
our supply chains and/or negatively impact the U.S., regional or local economies in which we operate, and,
individually or in the aggregate, materially and adversely affect our business and our consolidated financial
statements.
Rising inflation and/or interest rates, or deterioration of the United States economy could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in interest rates, could have a negative impact on
our business. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able
to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. To the extent that Congress is unable to lower
United States debt substantially, a decrease in federal spending could result, which could negatively impact
the ability of government agencies to fund existing or new infrastructure projects. In addition, such actions
could have a material adverse effect on the financial markets and economic conditions in the United States
and throughout the world, which may limit our ability and the ability of our customers to obtain financing
and/or could impair our ability to execute our acquisition strategy. These and related economic factors
could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.
Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to
increase significantly.
Borrowings under our Refinancing Agreements (as defined below) are at variable rates of interest and
expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate
indebtedness will increase even though any amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income and
cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, will correspondingly decrease. As of the
Refinancing Closing Date (as defined below), we had $15.0 million of available borrowing capacity (with
zero drawn) under the 2019 Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below), $40.0 million outstanding under
the 2019 Refinancing Term Loan (as defined below) and $25.0 million available under the 2019 Delayed
Draw Term Loan (as defined below). In addition, we may determine to enter into interest rate swaps that
involve the exchange of variable for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate volatility.
However, we may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of our variable rate indebtedness, and
any swaps we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk and could be subject to credit risk
themselves.
Failure to remain in compliance with covenants under our debt and credit agreements or service our
indebtedness could adversely impact our business.
Our Refinancing Agreements and other debt obligations include certain debt covenants, including,
certain financial covenants, are further described in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Our failure to comply with any of these covenants, or to
pay principal, interest or other amounts when due thereunder, would constitute an event of default under
the applicable agreements. Under certain circumstances, the occurrence of an event of default under one of
these agreements (or the acceleration of the maturity of the indebtedness under one of these agreements)
may constitute an event of default under one or more of our other debt or surety agreements. Default
under our debt agreements could result in, among other things, us no longer being entitled to borrow under
one or more of the agreements, acceleration of the maturity of outstanding indebtedness under the
agreements, and/or foreclosure on any collateral securing the obligations under the agreements. If we are
unable to service our debt obligations, or if we are unable to comply with our financial or other debt
covenants, and our indebtedness would become immediately due and payable, and we could be forced to
curtail our operations, reorganize our capital structure (including through bankruptcy proceedings), or
liquidate some or all of our assets in a manner that could cause holders of our securities to experience a
partial or total loss of their investment.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet all of our existing or potential future debt service
obligations.
Our ability to meet all of our existing or potential future debt service obligations (including those
under our Refinancing Agreements, pursuant to which we may incur significant indebtedness), to refinance
our existing or potential future indebtedness, and to fund our operations, working capital, acquisitions,
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capital expenditures, and other important business uses, depends on our ability to generate sufficient cash
flow in the future. Our future cash flow is subject to, among other factors, general economic, industry,
financial, competitive, operating, legislative and regulatory conditions, many of which are beyond our
control.
We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future
sources of cash will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all, in amounts sufficient to enable us to
meet all of our existing or potential future debt service obligations, or to fund our other important business
uses or liquidity needs. Furthermore, if we incur additional indebtedness in connection with future
acquisitions or for any other purpose, our existing or potential future debt service obligations could increase
significantly and our ability to meet those obligations could depend, in large part, on the returns from such
acquisitions or projects, as to which no assurance can be given.
Furthermore, our obligations under the terms of our borrowings could impact us negatively. For
example, such obligations could:
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limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt
service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;
restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or cause us to make non-strategic divestitures;
increase our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions; and
require a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of
principal and interest on our borrowings, thereby reducing our ability to use cash flow to fund our
operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities.
We may also need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness at or prior to the scheduled
maturity. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing will depend on, among
other things, (i) our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, and then-current market
conditions; and (ii) restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness. As a result, we may not be
able to refinance any of our indebtedness or obtain additional financing on favorable terms, or at all.
If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations and additional borrowings or refinancings
are not available to us, we may be unable to meet all of our existing or potential future debt service
obligations. As a result, we would be forced to take other actions to meet those obligations, such as raising
equity or delaying capital expenditures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on us.
Furthermore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to effect any of these actions on favorable terms, or
at all.
Our obligation to contribute to multiemployer pension plans could give rise to significant expenses and
liabilities in the future.
We contribute to approximately 40 multiemployer pension plans in the United States under collective
bargaining agreements that generally provide pension benefits to employees covered by these agreements.
Approximately 70% of our current employees are members of collective bargaining units. Our contributions
to these plans were approximately $43.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $36.9 million for
the year ended December 31, 2017. The costs of providing benefits through such plans have increased in
recent years. The amount of any increase or decrease in our required contributions to these multiemployer
pension plans will depend upon many factors, including the outcome of collective bargaining, actions taken
by trustees who manage the plans, government regulations, the actual return on assets held in the plans and
the potential payment of a withdrawal liability. Based upon the information available to us from the
multiemployer pension plans’ administrators, we believe that some of these multiemployer pension plans
are underfunded. The unfunded liabilities of these plans may result in required increased future payments
by us and the other participating employers. Underfunded multiemployer pension plans may impose a
surcharge requiring additional pension contributions. Our risk of such increased payments may be greater if
any of the participating employers in these underfunded plans withdraws from the plan due to insolvency
and is not able to contribute an amount sufficient to fund the unfunded liabilities associated with its
participants in the plan.
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With limited exception, an employer who is obligated under a collective bargaining agreement to
contribute to a multiemployer pension plan is liable, upon termination of such contribution obligation to
the plan or withdrawal from a plan, for its proportionate share of the plan’s unfunded vested pension
liabilities. In the event that we withdraw from participation in a plan, applicable law could require us to
make withdrawal liability contributions to such plan, and we would have to reflect that liability and the
related expense in our consolidated financial statements. Our withdrawal liability payable to an individual
multiemployer pension plan would depend on the extent of the plan’s funding of vested benefits. If the
multiemployer pension plans in which we participate have significant underfunded liabilities, such
underfunding will increase the size of our potential withdrawal liability. No liability for underfunding of
multiemployer pension plans was recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended
December 31, 2018 or 2017.
Failure or circumvention of our disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls over financial reporting
could seriously harm our financial condition, results of operations, and business.
We plan to continue to maintain and strengthen internal controls and procedures to enhance the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting. Any system of
controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only
reasonable, and not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met. Any failure of our
disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls over financial reporting could harm our financial
condition and results of operations.
Our management has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial
reporting are ineffective due to the existence of a material weakness in our internal control over financial
reporting. If we are unable to establish and maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over
financial reporting, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis could be impaired,
and the market price of our securities may be negatively affected.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial
reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim
financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In connection with our 2018 audit,
our management conducted an assessment of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal
control over financial reporting. Based upon this assessment, although progress continues to be made
pursuant to the execution of Management’s Remediation Plans (as discussed below), management
determined that, as of December 31, 2018, we had the following material weakness:
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Our controls related to monthly project reviews and the review of our work-in-process schedule
did not operate effectively for the year ended December 31, 2018. Specifically, in certain limited
instances, management determined that monthly project reviews were ineffective in properly
identifying project claim and pending change order (“PCO”) situations, thereby resulting in
improper and untimely accounting for these issues. In those instances, our primary controls did
not operate at a precision level sufficient to detect errors in project accounting.
See Part II, Item 9A Controls and Procedures for further discussion.
Our remediation efforts have and will continue to require significant resources and attention from our
management. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses in our internal control over financial
reporting, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting,
our management will be unable to assert in future reports that our disclosure controls and procedures and
our internal control over financial reporting are effective. This could cause investors, counterparties and
customers to lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial statements and reports and
have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, access to capital markets and perceptions of our
creditworthiness and/or a decline in the market price of our common stock. In addition, we could become
subject to investigations by Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional
financial and management resources. These events could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
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Actual and potential claims, lawsuits and proceedings could ultimately reduce our profitability and liquidity
and weaken our financial condition.
We have been and will continue to be named as a defendant in legal proceedings claiming damages in
connection with the operation of our business. These actions and proceedings may involve claims for,
among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, workers’ compensation, employment law
violations and/or discrimination, breach of contract, or property damage. In addition, we may be subject to
lawsuits involving allegations of violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and state wage and hour laws,
or allegations of violations of applicable securities laws. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we
cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such actions or proceedings. We also are, and will
likely continue to be, from time to time a plaintiff in legal proceedings against customers, or will pursue
claims against our customers prior to litigation, in which we seek to recover payment of contractual
amounts we are owed, as well as claims for increased costs we incur. When appropriate, we will establish
provisions against possible exposures, and adjust these provisions from time to time according to ongoing
exposure. If the assumptions and estimates related to these exposures prove to be inadequate or inaccurate,
we could experience a reduction in our profitability and liquidity and a weakening of our financial
condition. In addition, claims, lawsuits and proceedings may harm our reputation or divert management
resources away from operating the business.
Our future acquisitions may not be successful.
We expect to pursue selective acquisitions to grow our business. We cannot provide assurance that we
will be able to identify suitable acquisition targets or that we will be able to consummate acquisitions on
terms and conditions acceptable to us, or that acquired businesses will be profitable. Acquisitions may
expose us to additional business risks different than those we have traditionally experienced. We also may
encounter difficulties integrating acquired businesses and successfully managing the growth we expect to
experience from these acquisitions.
We may choose to finance future acquisitions with debt, equity, cash or a combination of the three.
Future acquisitions could dilute earnings. To the extent we succeed in making acquisitions, a number of
risks may result, including:
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the assumption of material liabilities (including for environmental-related costs and multiemployer
pension plans);
failure of due diligence to uncover situations that could result in legal exposure or to quantify the
true liability exposure from known risks;
the diversion of management’s attention from the management of daily operations to the
integration of operations;
difficulties in the assimilation and retention of employees, in the assimilation of different cultures
and practices, in the assimilation of broad and geographically dispersed personnel and operations,
and the retention of employees generally;
the risk of additional financial and accounting challenges and complexities in areas such as tax
planning, treasury management, financial reporting and internal controls;
the assumption of multiemployer pension plans (“MEPP”) liability in the event of an acquisition
with existing unions, and an increased exposure to challenges to the structure of our union and
non-union subsidiaries and operations if an open shop business is acquired; and
potential inability to realize the cost savings or other financial benefits anticipated prior to the
acquisition.
The failure to successfully integrate acquisitions could have an adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the costs associated with a failed acquisition or
attempted acquisition transaction could have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of
operations and cash flows. The closing of any acquisition transaction is subject to financing and final
negotiation of terms and conditions.
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Force majeure events, including natural disasters and terrorists’ actions, could negatively impact our business,
which may affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Force majeure, or extraordinary events beyond the control of the contracting parties, such as natural
and man-made disasters, terrorist actions, and state and federal government shutdowns, could negatively
impact us. We attempt to negotiate contract language seeking to mitigate force majeure events in both
public and private client contracts. When successful, we remain obligated to perform our services after most
extraordinary events subject to relief that may be available pursuant to a force majeure clause. If we are not
able to react quickly to force majeure events, our operations may be affected significantly, which would have
a negative impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Deliberate, malicious acts, including terrorism and sabotage, could damage our facilities, disrupt our operations
or injure employees, contractors, customers or the public and result in liability to us.
Intentional acts of theft, vandalism and destruction could damage or destroy our facilities, as well as
the materials and equipment our labor forces are installing, thereby reducing our operational production
capacity and requiring us to repair or replace facilities or installed work at substantial cost. Additionally,
employees, contractors and the public could suffer substantial physical injury from acts of terrorism for
which we could be liable. Governmental authorities may also impose security or other requirements that
could make our operations more difficult or costly. The consequences of any such actions could adversely
affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
We are susceptible to adverse weather conditions, which may harm our business and financial results.
Our business may be adversely affected by severe weather in areas where we have significant operations.
Repercussions of severe weather conditions may include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
curtailment of services;
suspension of operations;
inability to meet performance schedules in accordance with contracts and potential liability for
liquidated damages;
injuries or fatalities;
weather related damage to facilities;
disruption of information systems;
inability to receive machinery, equipment and materials at jobsites; and
loss of productivity.
Information technology system failures, network disruptions or cyber security breaches could adversely affect
our business.
We use sophisticated information technology systems, networks, and infrastructure in conducting some
of our day-to-day operations and providing services to certain customers, including technology used for
building designs, project modeling and scheduling. Information technology system failures, including
suppliers’ or vendors’ system failures, could disrupt our operations by causing transaction errors, processing
inefficiencies, the loss of customers, other business disruptions, or the loss of employee personal
information. In addition, these systems, networks, and infrastructure may be vulnerable to deliberate
cyber-attacks that interfere with their functionality or the confidentiality of our information or our
customers’ data. Increasingly advanced cyber-attacks against rapidly evolving computer technologies pose a
risk to the security of our systems, networks and data. Likewise, cyber-attacks by employees, or
surreptitiously through the Company’s systems, pose a risk to the security of the systems, networks and
data or our customers, subcontractors and suppliers. Despite efforts to protect confidential business
information, personal data of employees and subcontractors, our information technology systems and
those of our third-party service providers may be subject to system breaches. System breaches can lead to
disclosure, modification and destruction of proprietary business data, personally identifiable information,
other sensitive information, production downtime, and damage to our reputation, competitiveness and
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operations. Of special note is our risk when implementing new capabilities. As we implement new systems,
many times both new and old systems run in parallel until all processes have successfully transferred to the
new system and thorough testing has been performed. These events could impact our customers, employees
and our reputation and lead to financial losses from remediation actions, loss of business or potential
liability, or an increase in expense, all of which may have a material adverse effect on our business.
We have subsidiary operations throughout the United States and are exposed to multiple state and local
regulations, as well as federal laws and requirements applicable to government contractors. Changes in laws,
regulations or requirements, or a material failure of any of our subsidiaries or us to comply with any of them,
could increase our costs and have other negative impacts on our business.
Our branch locations operate in 18 states, which exposes us to a variety of state and local laws and
regulations, particularly those pertaining to contractor licensing requirements. These laws and regulations
govern many aspects of our business, and there are often different standards and requirements in different
locations. In addition, our subsidiaries that perform work for federal government entities are subject to
additional federal laws and regulatory and contractual requirements. Changes in any of these laws, or any
subsidiary’s material failure to comply with them, can adversely impact our operations by, among other
things, increasing costs, distracting management’s time and attention from other items, and harming our
reputation.
As Federal Government Contractors under applicable federal regulations, our subsidiaries are subject to a
number of rules and regulations, and our contracts with government entities are subject to audit. Violations of
the applicable rules and regulations could result in a subsidiary being barred from future government contracts.
Federal Government Contractors must comply with many regulations and other requirements that
relate to the award, administration and performance of government contracts. A violation of these laws and
regulations could result in imposition of fines and penalties, the termination of a government contract, or
debarment from bidding on government contracts in the future. Further, despite our decentralized nature, a
violation at one of our locations could impact the ability of the other locations to bid on and perform
government contracts; additionally, because of our decentralized nature, we face risk in maintaining
compliance with all local, state and federal government contracting requirements. Prohibition against
bidding on future government contracts could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results
of operations.
A change in tax laws or regulations of any federal or state jurisdiction in which we operate could increase our
tax burden and otherwise adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.
We continue to assess the impact of various U.S. federal or state legislative proposals that could result
in a material increase to our U.S. federal or state taxes. We cannot predict whether any specific legislation
will be enacted or the terms of any such legislation. However, if such proposals were to be enacted, or if
modifications were to be made to certain existing regulations, the consequences could have a material
adverse impact on us, including increasing our tax burden, increasing the cost of tax compliance or
otherwise adversely affecting our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Past and future environmental, safety and health regulations could impose significant additional costs on us
that reduce our profits.
HVAC systems are subject to various environmental statutes and regulations, including the Clean Air
Act and those regulating the production, servicing and disposal of certain ozone-depleting refrigerants used
in HVAC systems. There can be no assurance that the regulatory environment in which we operate will not
change significantly in the future. Various local, state and federal laws and regulations impose licensing
standards on technicians who install and service HVAC systems. And additional laws, regulations and
standards apply to contractors who perform work that is being funded by public money, particularly federal
public funding. Our failure to comply with these laws and regulations could subject us to substantial fines,
the loss of licenses or potentially debarment from future publicly funded work. It is impossible to predict
the full nature and effect of judicial, legislative or regulatory developments relating to health and safety
regulations and environmental protection regulations applicable to our operations.
21
Our failure to comply with immigration laws and labor regulations could affect our business.
In certain markets, we rely heavily on our immigrant labor force. We have taken steps that we believe
are sufficient and appropriate to ensure compliance with immigration laws. However, we cannot provide
assurance that our management has identified, or will identify in the future, all illegal immigrants who work
for us. The failure to identify such illegal immigrants may result in fines or other penalties being imposed
upon the Company, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, results of operations and
financial condition.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The price of our common stock may be volatile.
The market price of our common stock has been volatile and may be volatile in the future, and could
be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our
control. For example, our stock price fluctuated between $3.56 and $14.76 per share during the year ended
December 31, 2018. These factors include, among other things:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly results of operations;
recommendations by securities analysts;
operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us;
news reports relating to trends, concerns and other issues in the financial services industry
generally;
perceptions in the marketplace regarding us and/or our competitors;
new technology used, or services offered, by competitors; and
changes in government regulations.
In addition, if the market for stocks in our industry, or the stock market in general, experiences a loss
of investor confidence, the trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our
business, financial condition or results of operations. If any of the foregoing occurs, it could cause our
stock price to fall and may expose us to lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful, could be costly to defend and a
distraction to management.
A significant portion of our common stock is controlled by insiders, who currently own, in the aggregate,
approximately 35% of our outstanding shares of common stock and, as a result, are able to exert significant
control over matters submitted to our stockholders for approval.
As of December 31, 2018, our officers, directors and holders of greater than 10% of our common
stock, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 35% of our outstanding shares of common stock.
As such, our insiders are able to significantly influence matters requiring approval by our stockholders,
including the election of directors, certain decisions relating to our capital structure, amendments to our
certificate of incorporation and the approval of mergers or other business transactions. The interests of
these stockholders may not always coincide with the interests of our other stockholders.
Future sales of our common stock may cause our common stock price to decline.
Any transfer or sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market or the
perception that such transfer or sales might occur may cause the market price of our common stock to
decline. As of March 29, 2019, we had an aggregate of 7,643,133 shares of common stock outstanding, of
which 2,627,449 shares were held by our directors, officers and holders of greater than 10% of our common
stock. We registered the resale of the shares held by such stockholders and so they are freely tradeable under
the Securities Act of 1934, as amended (the “Securities Act”), except for any shares purchased by a person
who is an affiliate of the Company. Since these shares are now freely tradeable, a substantial number of
shares of our common stock may now be sold in the public market, which may cause the trading price of
our common stock to decline.
22
In addition, our board has the power, without stockholder approval, to set the terms of any series of
preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights, preferences over our common
stock with respect to dividends or in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding up and other terms.
In the event that we issue preferred stock in the future that has preference over our common stock with
respect to payment of dividends or upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or if we issue preferred
stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common stock, the rights of the holders of our
common stock or the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected.
Future equity issuances could result in dilution, which could cause our common stock price to decline.
We are generally not restricted from issuing additional shares of our common stock, up to the
100,000,000 shares of voting common stock authorized by our second amended and restated certificate of
incorporation, which could be increased by a vote of a majority of our shares. In connection with the 2019
Refinancing Agreement, we have issued warrants which may cause further dilution of our stock upon
becoming exercisable. In addition, we may issue additional shares of our common stock in the future
pursuant to current or future equity compensation plans, upon conversions of preferred stock or debt,
upon exercise of warrants or in connection with future acquisitions or financings. If we choose to raise
capital by selling shares of our common stock for any reason, the issuance would have a dilutive effect on
the holders of our common stock and could have a material negative effect on the market price of our
common stock.
If equity research analysts publish unfavorable commentary or downgrade our common stock, the price and
trading volume of our common stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock could be affected by equity research analysts’ research or
reports about us and our business. The price of our stock could decline if one or more securities analysts
downgrade our stock or if analysts issue other unfavorable commentary about us or our business. In
addition, if any of these analysts ceases coverage of us, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn
could cause our common stock price or trading volume to decline and our common stock to be less liquid.
We are an “emerging growth company,” and the reduced regulatory and reporting requirements applicable to
emerging growth companies may make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company,” as described in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act
(“JOBS Act”). For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of
reduced regulatory and reporting requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies.
These include, without limitation, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of
Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced financial reporting requirements, reduced disclosure
obligations regarding executive compensation, and exemptions from the requirements of holding
non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and golden parachute payments. The JOBS Act also
permits an emerging growth company such as us to take advantage of an extended transition period to
comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies, which we intend to take
advantage of.
We may take advantage of these provisions until December 31, 2019, unless we earlier cease to be an
emerging growth company, which would occur if our annual gross revenues exceed $1.07 billion (adjusted
for inflation), if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in a three-year period, or if the
market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of any June 30 before
that time, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following
December 31. Investors may find our common stock less attractive if we rely on the exemptions, which may
result in a less active trading market and increased volatility in our stock price.
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including all documents incorporated by reference, contains
forward-looking statements regarding the Company and represents our expectations and beliefs concerning
future events. These forward-looking statements are intended to be covered by the safe harbor for
forward-looking statements provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking
statements included herein or incorporated herein by reference include or may include, but are not limited
to, (and you should read carefully) statements that are predictive in nature, depend upon or refer to future
events or conditions, or use or contain words, terms, phrases, or expressions such as “achieve,” “forecast,”
“plan,” “propose,” “strategy,” “envision,” “hope,” “will,” “continue,” “potential,” “expect,” “believe,”
“anticipate,” “project,” “estimate,” “predict,” “intend,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “might,” or similar words,
terms, phrases, or expressions or the negative of any of these terms. Any statements in this Form 10-K that
are not based upon historical fact are forward-looking statements and represent our best judgment as to
what may occur in the future.
In addition to the material risks listed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” above that may cause business
conditions or our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those
expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements, the following are some, but not all, of the factors
that might cause business conditions or our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially
different from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements, or contribute to such
differences: our ability to realize projected revenue in our contract backlog; cost overruns on fixed-price or
similar contracts or failure to receive timely or proper payments on cost-reimbursable contracts, whether as
a result of improper estimates, performance, disputes, or otherwise; our ability to realize cost savings from
our expected performance of contracts, whether as a result of improper estimates, performance, or
otherwise; increased competition; our ability to retain key personnel, efficiently utilize our workforce and
comply with labor regulations; risks associated with labor productivity; uncertain timing and funding of
new contract awards, as well as project cancellations; risks associated with design/build contracts; risks
associated with dependence on a limited number of customers; changes in the costs or availability of, or
delivery schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors; adverse outcomes of
pending claims or litigation or the possibility of new claims or litigation, and the potential effect of such
claims or litigation on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flow; risks associated
with percentage of completion accounting; our ability to provide surety bonds; risks associated with placing
significant decision making power with our subsidiaries’ management and failure to coordinate procedures
and practices across our branch locations; failure to keep pace with technological changes or innovation;
risks associated with information technology system failures, network disruptions and/or cyber security
breaches; lack of necessary liquidity to provide bid, performance, advance payment and retention bonds,
guarantees, or letters of credit securing our obligations under our bids and contracts or to finance
expenditures prior to the receipt of payment for the performance of contracts; failure to implement
effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting; our ability to
comply or remain in compliance with applicable federal, state and local laws, regulations or requirements;
operating risks, which could lead to increased costs and affect the quality, costs or availability of, or delivery
schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors; adverse impacts from weather
affecting our performance and timeliness of completion or deliberate and malicious acts, which could lead
to increased costs and affect the quality, costs or availability of, or delivery schedule for, equipment,
components, materials, labor or subcontractors; lower than expected growth in our primary end markets,
risks inherent in acquisitions and our ability to complete or obtain financing for acquisitions; our ability to
integrate and successfully operate and manage acquired businesses and the risks associated with those
businesses; proposed and actual revisions to U.S. tax laws, which would seek to increase income taxes
payable or a downturn, disruption, or stagnation in the economy in general; fluctuating revenue resulting
from a number of factors, including a decline in energy prices and the cyclical nature of the individual
markets in which our customers operate; our ability to remain in compliance with covenants under our debt
and credit agreements or service our indebtedness, including our ability to refinance our current debt
obligations and incur additional indebtedness; our ability to settle or negotiate unapproved change orders
and claims; the non-competitiveness or unavailability of, or lack of demand or loss of legal protection for,
our intellectual property assets or rights; and failure to remain competitive, current, in demand and
profitable.
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Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we
cannot guarantee future performance or results. You should not unduly rely on any forward-looking
statements. Each forward-looking statement is made and applies only as of the date of the particular
statement, and we are not obligated to update, withdraw, or revise any forward-looking statements, whether
as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You should consider these risks when reading
any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements attributed or attributable to us or to
persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this section entitled
“Forward-Looking Statements.”
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Item 2. Properties
As of December 31, 2018, we maintained our principal executive offices and corporate headquarters at
1251 Waterfront Place, Suite 201, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. We have ten operating branches and related
satellite offices, as well as the Limbach Engineering & Design Center. Those branches and offices
(summarized below) are spread throughout the eastern portion of the country and California. All of our
branches support both the Construction and Service operating segments.
Location
Owned or Leased
Approximate Size
Warrington, Pennsylvania (Eastern Pennsylvania)
Orlando, Florida (Limbach Engineering & Design
Center)
Pontiac, Michigan
Lansing, Michigan
Laurel, Maryland (Mid-Atlantic)
Wilmington, Massachusetts (New England)
South Brunswick, New Jersey
Columbus, Ohio
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Corporate)
Athens, Ohio
Lake Mary, Florida
Seal Beach, California (Southern California)
Tampa, Florida (2 locations)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Western Pennsylvania)
Greensburg, Pennsylvania (Western
Pennsylvania/Westmoreland County)
Bronxville, New York
Detroit, Michigan (2 locations)
Sanford, Florida
Boynton Beach, Florida
Leased
Leased
Owned
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
Leased
27,443 square feet
20,445 square feet
74,000 square feet
18,692 square feet
40,318 square feet
60,733 square feet
4,800 square feet
46,744 square feet
19,165 square feet
3,000 square feet
48,054 square feet
88,507 square feet
11,739 square feet
67,025 square feet
5,000 square feet
1,000 square feet
2,913 square feet
6,200 square feet
9,631 square feet
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Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Scherer Litigation
On May 16, 2017, plaintiffs, Jordan M. Scherer et al., filed a complaint in State Court in Hillsborough
County, Florida, against our wholly owned subsidiaries, Limbach Facility Services LLC (“LFS”), and
Harper Limbach LLC (“Harper”). The complaint alleged that a Harper employee was in the course and
scope of his employment at the time the personal car he was operating collided with another car, causing
injuries to three persons and one fatality. During the course of the litigation, the plaintiffs made settlement
demands within LFS and Harper’s insurance coverage limits. On or about October 12, 2018, the plaintiffs
agreed to settle and dismiss the lawsuit in exchange for payment of $30.0 million from LFS and Harper,
which amounts were paid entirely by the Company’s insurance carriers in February 2019. The Company
will not have any monetary exposure, including for punitive damages.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
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Part II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
Market Information
Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LMB” and our public
warrants are quoted on the OTCQB under the symbol “LMBHW.”
Holders
At March 29, 2019, there were approximately 63 holders of record of our common stock and 2 holders
of record of our public warrants. In addition, there were approximately 4 holders of record of our $15
Exercise Price Warrants (as defined below), 59 holders of record of our Merger Warrants (as defined below)
and 59 holders of record of our Additional Merger Warrants (as defined below).
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
We are a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act; therefore, pursuant
to Item 301(c) of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and
related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical
information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and
assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our management’s expectations. Factors
that could cause such differences are discussed in “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” in this
annual report. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.
Overview
Limbach Holdings, Inc. (the “Company,” “we” or “our”) is an industry-leading commercial specialty
contractor in the areas of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning (“HVAC”), plumbing, electrical and
building controls through design and construction of new and renovated buildings, maintenance services,
energy retrofits and equipment upgrades for private customers and federal, state, and local public agencies
in Florida, California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Washington DC,
Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio and Michigan. We operate in two segments, (i) Construction, in which we
generally manage large construction or renovation projects that involve primarily HVAC, plumbing, or
electrical services, and (ii) Service, in which we provide maintenance or services primarily on HVAC,
plumbing or electrical systems. Our market sectors primarily include the following:
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Healthcare, including research, acute and outpatient not-for-profit, for-profit, and pharmaceutical
and biotech facilities;
Education, including colleges, universities, research centers and K-12 public and private facilities;
Sports & entertainment, including sports arenas, related facilities, casinos and amusement rides;
Transportation, including passenger terminals and maintenance facilities for rail and airports;
Government, including federal, state and local agencies facilities;
Hospitality, including hotels and resorts;
Corporate and commercial office buildings, including new builds and interior fit-outs;
Residential multifamily apartment buildings (excluding condominiums);
• Mission critical facilities, including data centers; and
•
Industrial manufacturing facilities.
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Limbach was founded in 1901, and maintains an established brand within the industry. We believe we
are viewed as a value added and trusted partner by our customers, which include building owners, general
contractors (“GCs”) and construction managers (“CMs”).
We also construct new buildings, additions and provide renovations of existing buildings for owners,
GCs and CMs. In addition, we provide services to building owners that are centered on HVAC, plumbing,
and electrical building systems, which typically include ongoing maintenance, upgrades to existing building
systems, energy retrofits and delivering general construction services.
Construction Segment
Our construction offerings for owners, GCs, and CMs include the following:
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Competitive lump sum bidding (including plan and specification bidding with select qualified
competitors);
Design/assist services, for which we typically contract on a negotiated basis to maintain a project
budget, and occasionally are contracted on a lump sum basis;
Integrated project delivery (“IPD”), for which we contract on a negotiated basis to collaborate
with a team to establish a target budget and execute on a project within the target budget;
Design/build, which services are provided on either a negotiated basis or through competitive
bidding; and
Performance contracting, for which we assess a building owner’s facilities and offer a proposal to
reduce energy and operating costs, and when successful, we often perform ongoing maintenance
of the building systems.
Our specialty contracting is provided through either our special projects division or our Construction
segment. Special projects typically range in value from $5,000 to $1 million. Construction projects typically
range in value from $1 million to $100 million. Actual contracts may be below or above these stated ranges
depending upon the actual project requirements.
We possess the ability to provide design services in-house through our design center located in
Orlando, Florida. We sell the majority of our services by leading with our engineered solutions, which we
believe are highly valued by our select customer base and drive higher margin outcomes.
Services Segment
Our services primarily include the following categories:
•
•
Specialty contracting, including the design and construction of HVAC, plumbing and/or electrical
systems within commercial and institutional buildings;
General contracting, including construction on projects that primarily involve HVAC, plumbing
and/or electrical;
• Maintenance of HVAC, plumbing and/or electrical systems;
•
•
Service projects for system and equipment upgrades, including energy retrofits;
Emergency service work, which we refer to as “Spot Work”;
• Water treatment;
•
•
Automatic temperature controls (“ATC”); and
Performance contracting, including significant building energy retrofits.
Typical maintenance and water treatment agreements range in value from $2,500 to over $200,000.
Service projects typically range in value from $1,000 to $500,000. Spot work varies in value and is typically
billed at preapproved billing rates. ATC projects vary in size from $10,000 to over $250,000. Specialty
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contracting, general contracting and performance contracting can range from $100,000 to $100 million. The
durations of our contracts generally range from six months to two years. While these ranges are typical for
our services, certain projects may be below or above these stated ranges.
JOBS Act
We are an “emerging growth company” (“EGC”) pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Act
(“JOBS”). The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting
requirements for qualifying companies. Under the JOBS Act, we will remain an EGC until the earliest of:
•
•
•
•
December 31, 2019 (the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial
public offering of common equity securities);
the last day of the fiscal year in which we have annual gross revenue of $1.07 billion or more;
the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in
non-convertible debt; and
the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer,” which will occur at such time as
the Company has an aggregate worldwide market value of common equity securities held by
non-affiliates of $700.0 million or more as of the last business day of our most recently completed
second fiscal quarter.
Pursuant to Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act, as an EGC we elected to delay adoption of accounting
pronouncements newly issued or revised after April 5, 2012 applicable to public companies until such
pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. As a result, our financial statements may not be
comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective dates for
new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies.
Upon expiration of its EGC status, the Company would no longer qualify for certain exceptions and
would be required to transition to more extensive disclosure obligations and expanded corporate
governance requirements, including obtaining an external auditor’s opinion on the effectiveness of internal
controls pursuant to Item 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Industry Forecast
Industry forecasting by FMI anticipates continued growth in all of our sectors in the near and
midterm. As noted in FMI’s Fourth Quarter 2018 Construction Outlook report, our top four sectors
Healthcare, Education, Sports & amusement, and Transportation are projected to be relatively stable, with
growth in line with the rate of inflation through 2022. Combining the expansion of the market
opportunities, our competitive differentiation and the growth strategies we are employing, we believe we will
continue to realize steady sales and improve margin opportunities.
Trends that could affect the Company’s business are discussed in “Risk Factors-Risks Related to Our
Business and Industry” in Item 1A.
Key Components of Consolidated Statements of Operations
Revenue
We generate revenue principally from fixed-price construction contracts to deliver HVAC, plumbing,
and electrical construction services to our customers. The duration of our contracts generally ranges from
six months to two years. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized on the percentage-of-completion
method, measured by the relationship of total cost incurred to total estimated contract costs (cost-to-cost
method). Revenue from time and materials service contracts is recognized as services are performed. We
believe that our extensive experience in HVAC, plumbing, and electrical projects, and our internal cost
review procedures during the bidding process, enable us to reasonably estimate costs and mitigate the risk of
cost overruns on fixed price contracts.
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We generally invoice customers on a monthly basis, based on a schedule of values that breaks down the
contract amount into discrete billing items. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on
uncompleted contracts are recorded as an asset until billable under the contract terms. Billings in excess of
costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts are recorded as a liability until the related revenue is
recognizable.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue primarily consists of the labor, equipment, material, subcontract, and other job costs
in connection with fulfilling the terms of our contracts. Labor costs consist of wages plus taxes, fringe
benefits, and insurance. Equipment costs consist of the ownership and operating costs of company-owned
assets, in addition to outside-rented equipment. If applicable, job costs include estimated contract losses to
be incurred in future periods. Due to the varied nature of our services, and the risks associated therewith,
contract costs as a percentage of contract revenue have historically fluctuated and we expect this fluctuation
to continue in future periods.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs for our administrative,
estimating, human resources, safety, information technology, legal, finance and accounting employees and
executives. Also included are non-personnel costs, such as travel-related expenses, legal and other
professional fees and other corporate expenses to support the growth of our business and to meet the
compliance requirements associated with operating as a public company. Those costs include accounting,
human resources, information technology, legal personnel, additional consulting, legal and audit fees,
insurance costs, board of directors’ compensation and the costs of achieving and maintaining compliance
with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Amortization of Intangibles
Amortization expense represents periodic non-cash charges that consist of amortization of various
intangible assets primarily including leasehold interests, customer relationships — Service and Construction
and Service backlogs.
Other Income/Expense
Other income/expense consists primarily of interest expense incurred in connection with our debt, net
of interest income and gains and losses on the sale of property and equipment. Deferred financing costs are
amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method.
Provision for Income Taxes
We are taxed as a C Corporation and our financial results include the effects of federal income taxes
which will be paid at the parent level.
The Company’s provision for income taxes includes federal, state and local taxes. The Company
accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740 — Income Taxes, which requires the use of
the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities and income or expense
is recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial
statement carrying values and their respective tax bases, using enacted tax rates expected to be applicable in
the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Changes in deferred tax assets and
liabilities are recorded in the provision for income taxes.
Operating Segments
We manage and measure the performance of our business in two operating segments: Construction
and Service. These segments are reflective of how the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker
(“CODM”) reviews operating results for the purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance.
Our CODM is comprised of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating
30
Officers. The CODM evaluates performance and allocates resources based on operating income, which is
profit or loss from operations before “other” corporate expenses, income tax provision (benefit) and
dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock, if any.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant
accounting policies below in Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements. Our CODM evaluates performance based on income from operations of the
respective branches after the allocation of corporate office operating expenses. In accordance with
ASC Topic 280 — Segment Reporting, the Company has elected to aggregate all of the construction
branches into one Construction reportable segment and all of the service branches into one Service
reportable segment. All transactions between segments are eliminated in consolidation. Our Corporate
departments provide general and administrative support services to our two operating segments. We allocate
costs between segments for selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation expense. Some
selling, general and administrative expenses such as executive and administrative salaries and payroll
expenses, corporate marketing, corporate depreciation and amortization, and consulting, accounting and
corporate legal fees are not allocated to segments because the allocation method would be arbitrary and
would not provide an accurate presentation of operating results of segments; instead these types of
expenses are maintained as a corporate expense. See Note 13 — Operating Segments in the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
We do not identify capital expenditures and total assets, including goodwill, by segment in our internal
financial reports due in part to the shared use of a centralized fleet of vehicles and specialized equipment.
Interest expense is not allocated to segments because of the corporate management of debt service.
The Company had a single Construction segment customer that accounted for approximately 18% of
consolidated total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018 and another single Construction segment
customer that accounted for approximately 15% of consolidated total revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2017.
31
Comparison of Results of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017
The following table presents operating results for the years ended December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017 in absolute terms and expressed as a percentage of total revenue:
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
(%)
($)
(%)
For the years ended
December 31, 2018
December 31, 2017
Statement of Operations Data:
Revenue:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$438,229
108,297
80.2% $391,364
94,375
19.8%
80.6%
19.4%
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
546,526
100.0%
485,739
100.0%
Gross profit:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total gross profit
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selling, general and administrative:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . .
36,721
22,710
59,431
27,307
15,003
14,779
57,089
8.4%(1)
21.0%(2)
10.9%
44,790
20,833
65,623
6.2%(1)
13.9%(2)
2.7%(3)
10.4%
25,764
13,888
16,371
56,023
11.4%(1)
22.1%(2)
13.5%
6.6%(1)
14.7%(2)
3.4%(3)
11.5%
Amortization of intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,272
0.2%
3,582
0.7%
Operating income:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other expenses (Corporate) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes . . . .
Income tax provision (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,414
7,707
(16,051)
1,070
3,550
(2,480)
(635)
2.1%(1)
7.1%(2)
—
19,026
6,945
(19,953)
0.2%
0.6%
(0.4)%
0.0%
6,018
2,155
3,863
3,151
Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ (1,845)
(0.3)% $
712
4.9%(1)
7.4%(2)
—
1.2%
0.4%
0.8%
0.6%
0.1%
(1) As a percentage of Construction revenue.
(2) As a percentage of Service revenue.
(3) As a percentage of Total revenue.
32
Revenue
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Increase/(Decrease)
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
($)
$
%
Revenue:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$438,229
$391,364
$46,865
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108,297
94,375
13,922
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$546,526
$485,739
$60,787
12.0%
14.8%
12.5%
Revenue was $546.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to $485.7 million for
the year ended December 31, 2017. Revenue increased $60.8 million, or 12.5%, for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to the same 2017 period. Construction revenue increased by $46.9 million,
or 12.0%, and Service revenue increased by $13.9 million, or 14.8%. The increase in Construction revenue
was primarily driven by growth in the New England, Florida, Southern California and Ohio regions and
partially offset by a decline in the Michigan and Western Pennsylvania regions. The $13.9 million increase
in Service revenue resulted primarily from the Company’s continuing focus on developing longer term
customer relationships and sales of larger service owner-direct projects and contracts and growth in the
maintenance contract base. In addition, growth in the Florida, Mid-Atlantic, Michigan and Eastern
Pennsylvania regions contributed to the overall increase in 2018 Service revenue offset by a decline in the
Southern California region.
Gross Profit
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Increase/(Decrease)
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
($)
$
%
Gross profit:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$36,721
22,710
Total gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$59,431
$44,790
20,833
$65,623
$(8,069)
1,877
$(6,192)
(18.0)%
9.0%
(9.4)%
Total gross profit as a percentage of consolidated total
revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction segment gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service segment gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.9%
8.4%
21.0%
13.5%
11.4%
22.1%
Total gross profit was $59.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to
$65.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Gross profit decreased $6.2 million, or 9.4%, for the
year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same 2017 period. Construction gross profit decreased
$8.1 million, or 18.0% while Service gross profit increased $1.9 million, or 9.0%. The total gross
profit percentage decreased from 13.5% for the year ended December 31, 2017 to 10.9% for the year ended
December 31, 2018, mainly driven by the project write downs discussed below. The Construction segment
gross profit percentage decreased from 11.4% for the year ended December 31, 2017 to 8.4% for the year
ended December 31, 2018, due to the significant 2018 project write downs. The Service segment gross
profit percentage decreased from 22.1% for the year ended December 31, 2017 to 21.0% for the year ended
December 31, 2018, due to gross profit write downs on one Mid-Atlantic region Service project.
During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded revisions in our contract estimates
for certain Construction and Service projects. For individual projects with revisions having a material gross
profit impact, this resulted in 2018 gross profit write downs totaling $16.6 million on fourteen Construction
projects, ten of which were in the Mid-Atlantic region and $1.7 million on a single Mid-Atlantic Service
project. The Company is pursuing recovery remedies for costs incurred due to delays and disruptions, but is
33
not currently in a position to recognize any potential recoveries in its financial statements. We also recorded
revisions in 2018 gross profit write ups totaling $3.3 million on six Construction projects and $0.5 million
for one Service project. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded revisions in
contract estimates on two Construction projects resulting in cumulative write downs of $3.0 million and
$1.2 million on a single Service project. Certain operating locations recorded revisions in their contract
estimates on four Construction projects resulting in gross profit write ups totaling $4.7 million and
$0.4 million on a single Service project.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Increase/(Decrease)
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
($)
$
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$27,307
$25,764
$ 1,543
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,003
14,779
13,888
16,371
1,115
(1,592)
Total selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . .
Total selling, general and administrative expenses as
$57,089
$56,023
$ 1,066
a percentage of consolidated total revenue . . . . . . . . .
10.4%
11.5%
6.0%
8.0%
(9.7)%
1.9%
Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $57.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2018 as compared to $56.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Selling, general and
administrative expenses increased $1.1 million, or 1.9%, during the year ended December 31, 2018 as
compared to 2017. Our most significant increase was $2.6 million due to higher salary and benefits costs
related to new hires at our various locations. Rent, year over year, increased by $1.2 million due to
additional leased properties and increased costs for our Corporate Headquarters, Michigan, Florida,
Western Pennsylvania and New England locations. We incurred an incremental $0.6 million in pre-sales
engineering costs, as well as an increase of $0.5 million of stock-based compensation expense from the
issuance of restricted stock units year over year. We also incurred $0.4 million in costs related to an
unsuccessful acquisition. These increases were offset by a $3.2 million decrease year over year in branch and
corporate selling, general and administrative expense due to lower 2018 incentive compensation expense
associated with the Company’s performance and a $1.5 million reduction in non-recurring professional fees.
Amortization of Intangibles
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Increase/(Decrease)
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
($)
$
%
Amortization of intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$1,272
$3,582
(2,310)
(64.5)%
Total amortization expense for the amortizable intangible assets was $1.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 and $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Of this $2.3 million decrease in
amortization expense year over year, $0.5 million was attributable to the Backlog — Service intangible asset
becoming fully amortized in 2017, $1.6 million was attributable to lower 2018 amortization on the
Backlog — Construction intangible asset, and $0.2 million resulted from the 2018 lower amortization on
the Customer Relationships — Service intangible asset.
34
Other Expenses
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Increase/(Decrease)
(Amounts in thousands except for percentages)
($)
($)
$
%
Other income (expenses):
Interest income (expense), net
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$(3,305)
$(2,034)
$1,271
Loss on debt modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain (loss) on sale of property and equipment . . . . . .
(335)
90
—
(121)
335
(211)
Total other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$(3,550)
$(2,155)
$1,395
62.5%
—
(174.4)%
64.7%
Other expenses totaled $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to $2.2 million
for the year ended December 31, 2017. Other expense increased $1.4 million, or 64.7%, for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to 2017, due to an increase in interest expense of $1.3 million, which
resulted primarily from the Company’s addition of the Bridge Term Loan (as defined below) totaling
$10.0 million during 2018. Due to the reduction of the Credit Agreement Revolver (as defined below)
commitment from $25.0 million in November 2018 to $20.0 million in January 2019, the Company
recognized a loss of $0.3 million related to the write-off of Credit Agreement Revolver debt issuance costs
in the fourth quarter of 2018 as discussed in Note 9 — Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company’s current income tax expense and deferred income tax benefit were $0.1 million and
$(0.7) million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the Company’s current
income tax expense and deferred income tax expense of $2.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for the
year ended December 31, 2017. The Company had net deferred tax assets of $4.4 million as of
December 31, 2018 and $3.7 million as of December 31, 2017. There were no valuation allowances recorded
as of December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
The decrease in current income tax expenses is primarily attributable to the Company’s lower
U.S. corporate income tax rate as a result of the U.S. Tax Cuts and JOBS Act (“Tax Reform Act”), which
was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The Tax Reform Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate
income tax regime by, among other things, lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, as of
January 1, 2018. Furthermore, as a result of the Tax Reform Act, the Company recorded a tax expense of
$1.7 million due to a remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities in the fourth quarter of 2017.
See Note 12 — Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Construction and Service Backlog Information
Our contract backlog consists of the remaining unearned revenue on awarded contracts. Backlog is not
a term recognized under GAAP; however, it is a common measurement used in our industry. Once we have
successfully negotiated a project and have received written confirmation of the contract being awarded to
us, we record the value of the contract as backlog. Consequently, contract backlog is also an important
factor we use to monitor our business. The duration of our contracts vary significantly from months
to years and our backlog is subject to increases as projects are added. Our backlog does not necessarily
represent the amount of work that we are currently negotiating or pursuing at any given time. It is also
subject to change as contract backlog can increase or decrease due to contract change orders.
Given the multi-year duration of many of our contracts, backlog revenue is expected to be earned over
a period that will extend one year. Many of our contracts contain provisions that allow the contract to be
canceled at any time; however, if this occurs, we can generally recover costs incurred up to the date of
cancellation. Historically, we have not experienced significant decreases in contract value or cancellations of
projects that were already included in backlog.
35
Construction backlog at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $505.5 million and
$426.7 million, respectively. The increase in Construction backlog was driven by an increase in new
construction projects in the Michigan and Florida regions, offset by decreases in construction projects in
New England and Ohio. Of the Construction backlog at December 31, 2018, we expect to recognize
approximately $303.9 million by the end of 2019. In addition, Service backlog as of December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017 was $54.2 million and $34.7 million, respectively. Service backlog increased in all
regions, most notably in the Florida region due to mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineering
(“MEP”) prime projects. Because of the short duration of our service work, we expect approximately 100%
of this backlog to be recognized by the end of 2019.
Seasonality, Cyclicality and Quarterly Trends
Severe weather can impact our operations. In the northern climates where we operate, and to a lesser
extent the southern climates as well, severe winters can slow our productivity on construction projects,
which shifts revenue and gross profit recognition to a later period. Our maintenance operations may also be
impacted by mild or severe weather. Mild weather tends to reduce demand for our maintenance services,
whereas severe weather may increase the demand for our maintenance and spot services. Our operations
also experience mild cyclicality, as building owners typically work through maintenance and capital projects
at an increased level during the third and fourth calendar quarters of each year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows
Our liquidity needs relate primarily to the provision of working capital (defined as current assets less
current liabilities) to support operations, funding of capital expenditures, and investment in strategic
opportunities. Historically, liquidity has been provided by operating activities and borrowing from
commercial banks and institutional lenders.
The following table presents summary cash flow information for the periods indicated:
(in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in)
For the years ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Operating activities
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 25,322
(3,680)
(20,649)
Net increase (decrease) in cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
993
$(4,065)
(3,234)
519
$(6,780)
Noncash investing and financing transactions:
Property and equipment financed with capital leases . . . . . . . . . . .
Financed insurance premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 3,260
$
—
$ 2,714
$ 1,801
$ 2,135
$ 1,882
Our cash flows are primarily impacted from period to period by fluctuations in working capital.
Factors such as our contract mix, commercial terms, days sales outstanding (“DSO”), and delays in the
start of projects may impact our working capital. In line with industry practice, we accumulate costs during
a given month then bill those costs in the current month for many of our contracts. While labor costs
associated with these contracts are paid weekly and salary costs associated with the contracts are paid
bi-weekly, certain subcontractor costs are generally not paid until we receive payment from our customers
(contractual “pay-if-paid” terms). We have not historically experienced a large volume of write-offs related
to our receivables and our unbilled revenue on contracts in progress. We regularly assess our receivables and
costs in excess of billings for collectability and provide allowances for doubtful accounts where appropriate.
We believe that our reserves for doubtful accounts are appropriate as of December 31, 2018, but adverse
changes in the economic environment may impact certain of our customers’ ability to access capital and
compensate us for our services, as well as impact project activity for the foreseeable future.
36
The following table represents our summarized working capital information:
(in thousands, except ratios)
As of December 31,
2018
2017
Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 204,986
$ 166,260
Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(182,138)
(135,484)
Net working capital
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 22,848
$ 30,776
Current ratio* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.13
1.23
*
Current ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities.
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities were $25.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to $(4.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2017. As compared to
the same period in 2017 for the year ended December 31, 2018, we experienced increases of $6.4 million in
our net receivables, $22.3 million in billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted
contracts (“overbilled position”), and $6.9 million in accounts payable. The increase in receivables was
driven by higher fourth quarter billings year over year associated with 2018’s increase in revenue volume. In
addition, the increase in our overbilled position resulted from a combination of favorable billing terms in
certain new projects and heightened attention to our billing procedures. Stock-based compensation expense
from the issuance of restricted stock units was $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The
increases in other current assets of $31.2 million and accrued expenses and other current liabilities
of $29.5 million are primarily attributable to the $30.0 million lawsuit settlement referenced in
Note 14 — Commitments and Contingencies in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements. The settlement of this matter is being entirely covered by the Company’s insurance carriers. Our
accrued taxes payable at December 31, 2018 decreased by $2.8 million from December 31, 2017 due to
accrued income tax payments made during the period ending December 31, 2018.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, we experienced an increase in net receivables of $15.6 million
and an increase in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts (“underbilled
position”) of $1.0 million along with a decrease in billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on
uncompleted contracts (“overbilled position”) of $10.6 million and an increase in accounts payable of
$10.4 million. The increase in receivables and payables was due to an increase in revenue volume. Our
combined 2017 cash usage pertaining to over and underbilled positions was $11.7 million, of which
$11.2 million results from the winding down of three major projects in two of our locations.
Non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization decreased by $3.4 million to $5.7 million for the
year ended December 31, 2018 from $9.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 due primarily to the
amortization of certain intangible assets acquired as part of the acquisition of LHLLC becoming fully
amortized during the year ended December 31, 2018.
Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities were $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 as
compared to $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Cash used in investing activities for the
year ended December 31, 2018 of $3.9 million represented cash outflows for capital additions pertaining to
additional vehicles, tools and equipment, computer software and hardware purchases, office furniture and
office related leasehold improvements, offset by $0.2 million in proceeds from the sale of property and
equipment. Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 of $3.2 million
represented cash outflows for capital expenditures, offset by $0.1 million in proceeds from the sale of
property and equipment.
During both 2018 and 2017, we obtained the use of various assets through operating and capital leases,
which reduced the level of capital expenditures that would have otherwise been necessary to operate our
business.
37
Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities was $(20.6) million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to $0.5 million for the year ended through December 31, 2017. For the
year ended December 31, 2018, we borrowed $109.7 million and repaid a total of $115.3 million on the
Credit Agreement Revolver, and borrowed $10.0 million under the Bridge Term Loan which was used to
redeem the Company’s remaining 280,000 preferred shares for $10.0 million, including accrued but unpaid
dividends of $0.9 million. In addition, the Company repaid $2.3 million of the Bridge Term Loan, made
repayments of $3.3 million on the Credit Agreement Term Loan (as defined below) and made capital lease
payments of $1.9 million. The Company also paid $0.8 million of debt issuance costs associated with the
Credit Agreement Revolver, Credit Agreement Term Loan and the Bridge Term Loan. During the year
ended December 31, 2018, the Company’s bank overdrafts decreased by $6.4 million, representing decrease
in the Company’s short-term obligation to its bank. Bank overdrafts represent outstanding checks in excess
of cash on hand with a specific financial institution as of any balance sheet date.
At December 31, 2017, the Company had a bank overdraft of $7.8 million, representing an increase in
the Company’s short-term obligation to its bank. Bank overdrafts represent outstanding checks in excess of
cash on hand with a specific financial institution as of any balance sheet date. For the year ended
December 31, 2017, we borrowed $111.6 million and repaid a total of $105.9 million on the Credit
Agreement Revolver, paid $4.1 million to redeem 120,000 preferred shares (including $0.2 million of a
preferred stock share redemption premium), made repayments of $4.9 million on the Credit Agreement
Term Loan, made capital lease payments of $1.7 million, and paid $2.1 million for insurance premiums
previously financed.
The following table reflects our available funding capacity as of December 31, 2018:
(in thousands)
Cash & cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credit agreement:
$ 1,619
Revolving credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding revolving credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding letters of credit
$22,500
—
(3,415)
Net credit agreement capacity available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total available funding capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,085
$20,704
Cash Flow Summary
Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily driven by
management’s heightened attention to its project billing procedures and favorable billing terms in certain
new projects, which resulted in a $22.3 million increase in the Company’s overbilled position, as well as a
less significant but related decrease in its underbilled position, at December 31, 2018. Billing and collections
on both Construction and Service projects improved significantly through fiscal year 2018. Management
expects operating cash flow will remain positive as our new projects mature, cash is collected, and profits
increase. Management further expects that increasing volumes of service work, which is less sensitive to the
cash flow variability presented by large construction projects, will continue to positively impact our cash
flow trends.
Debt and Related Obligations
Credit Agreement
On July 20, 2016, in connection with the Business Combination, a subsidiary of the Company,
Limbach Facility Services LLC (“LFS”) entered into the Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit
Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provided for a $25.0 million line of credit (the “Credit Agreement
Revolver”) and a $24.0 million term loan (the “Credit Agreement Term Loan”) with a consortium of four
commercial banks. The loans had a variable interest rate based on one-month LIBOR and were set to
expire in July 2021. The loans were subject to certain financial covenants.
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Effective December 31, 2017, the Company was required to remit an amount equal to 50% of its excess
cash flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement), which percentage was subject to reduction based on the
Senior Leverage Ratio (as defined therein). Based on the Company’s related computation as of
December 31, 2017, $1.6 million was paid to the lenders on May 1, 2018. This amount was reclassified from
long-term debt to the current portion of long-term debt at December 31, 2017.
On January 12, 2018, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Second Amendment and Limited Waiver to
the Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party thereto and
Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent. The Second Amendment and Limited Waiver provided for a new
term loan under the Credit Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (the “Bridge
Term Loan”) the proceeds of which were used to repurchase the Company’s remaining 280,000 shares of
Class A Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $9.1 million plus accrued but unpaid dividends
of $0.9 million.
Loans under the Credit Agreement bore interest, at the borrower’s option, at either Adjusted LIBOR
(“Eurodollar”) or a base rate, in each case, plus an applicable margin. With respect to the Bridge Term
Loan, from the twelve-month anniversary of the Effective Date and all times thereafter, the applicable
margin with respect to any base rate loan was 5.00% per annum and, with respect to a Eurodollar loan,
6.00% per annum.
The borrower was required to make principal payments on the Bridge Term Loan in the amount of
$250,000 on the last business day of March, June, September and December of each year, commencing on
March 31, 2018. The Bridge Term Loan was to mature on April 12, 2019. The Bridge Term Loan was
guaranteed by the same Guarantors and secured (on a pari passu basis) by the same Collateral as the loans
under the Credit Agreement.
On March 21, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Third Amendment to Credit
Agreement (the “Third Amendment”) with the lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as
administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Third Amendment provided for an increase in the amount that
could be drawn against the Credit Agreement Revolver for the issuances of letters of credit from
$5.0 million to $8.0 million, modified the definition of EBITDA to include certain one-time costs and
non-cash charges and joined the Company as a guarantor under the Credit Agreement and related loan
documents.
On May 15, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Fourth Amendment to Credit
Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Fourth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party
thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Fourth Amendment and Limited
Waiver amended the existing covenants of the Credit Agreement to include additional information
covenants, such as work in process reports and monthly cash flow schedules. In addition, the Fourth
Amendment and Limited Waiver required a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.15 for the fiscal
quarter ended June 30, 2018.
On August 13, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Fifth Amendment to Credit
Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Fifth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party
thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Fifth Amendment and Limited
Waiver amended the existing covenants of the Credit Agreement and required the Company to engage a
consultant for the purposes of making recommendations as to methods of the Company’s corporate and
Mid-Atlantic’s operations and controls. In addition, the Fifth Amendment and Limited Waiver required a
fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.15 for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 and not less
than 1.25 at all times thereafter.
During the third quarter of 2018, the Company was not in compliance with the then existing debt
covenants. As a result of these violations, the lenders requested that the Company seek alternative
financing. On November 30, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into a Sixth Amendment to
Credit Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Sixth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders
party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer pursuant to which the
administrative agent and certain lenders thereto agreed to a waiver of the Company’s non-compliance with
the senior leverage and fixed charge coverage ratio requirements under the Credit Agreement. In addition,
39
the Sixth Amendment and Limited Waiver amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things,
(i) reduce the Lenders’ $25.0 million commitment under the Company’s Credit Agreement Revolver to
$22.5 million on December 31, 2018 and $20.0 million on January 31, 2019, (ii) accelerate the maturity date
for the Credit Agreement revolver and the Credit Agreement Term Loan facility from July 20, 2021 to
March 31, 2020, and (iii) require that certain actions be taken in connection with the refinancing of the
Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement by certain scheduled dates.
As a result of the reduction of the Credit Agreement Revolver commitment, the Company recognized
a loss of $0.3 million related to the write-off of Credit Agreement Revolver debt issuance costs in the fourth
quarter of 2018.
As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with the financial and other covenants
related to the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2018, there was $22.5 million of available capacity
under the line of credit, $14.3 million outstanding under the Credit Agreement Term Loan and $7.7 million
outstanding under the Bridge Term Loan provided by the Credit Agreement. In addition, at December 31,
2018, the Company had irrevocable letters of credit in the amount of $3.4 million with its lender to secure
obligations under its self-insurance program as compared to $3.5 million at December 31, 2017.
Refinancing Agreements
2019 Refinancing Agreement
On April 12, 2019 (the “Refinancing Closing Date”), LFS entered into a financing agreement (the
“2019 Refinancing Agreement”) with the lenders thereto and Cortland Capital Market Services LLC, as
collateral agent and administrative agent and CB Agent Services LLC, as origination agent (“CB”). The
2019 Refinancing Agreement consists of (i) a $40.0 million term loan (the “2019 Refinancing Term Loan”)
and (ii) a $25.0 million multi-draw delayed draw term loan (the “2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan” and,
collectively with the 2019 Refinancing Term Loan, the “2019 Term Loans”). Proceeds of the 2019
Refinancing Term Loan were used to repay the then existing Credit Agreement, to pay related fees and
expenses thereof and to fund working capital of the Borrowers (defined below). Proceeds of the 2019
Delayed Draw Term Loan will be used to fund permitted acquisitions under the 2019 Refinancing
Agreement and related fees and expenses in connection therewith.
LFS, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and each of its subsidiaries are borrowers
(“Borrowers”) under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement. In addition, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement is
guaranteed by the Company and LHLLC (each, a “Guarantor”, and together with the Borrowers, the
“Loan Parties”).
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement is secured by a first-priority lien on the real property of the Loan
Parties and a second-priority lien on substantially all other assets of the Loan Parties, behind the 2019 ABL
Credit Agreement (defined below). The respective lien priorities of the 2019 Refinancing Agreement and
the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement are governed by an intercreditor agreement.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — Interest Rates and Fees
The interest rate on borrowings under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement is, at the Borrowers’ option,
either LIBOR (with a 2.00% floor) plus 8.00% or a base rate (with a 3.00% minimum) plus 7.00%.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — Other Terms and Conditions
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement matures on April 12, 2023 subject to adjustment as described
therein. Required amortization is $1.0 million per quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ending
September 30, 2020. There is an unused line fee of 2.0% per annum on the undrawn portion of the 2019
Delayed Draw Term Loan, and there is a make-whole premium on prepayments made prior to the
19-month anniversary of the Refinancing Closing Date.
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement contains representations and warranties, and covenants which are
customary for debt facilities of this type. Unless the Required Lenders otherwise consent in writing, the
covenants limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things, to (i) incur
40
additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make distributions to the Company’s
stockholders, (iii) purchase or redeem the Company’s equity interests, (iv) make investments, (v) create liens
on their assets, (vi) enter into transactions with the Company’s affiliates, (vii) sell assets and (viii) merge or
consolidate with, or dispose of substantially all of the Company’s assets to, other companies.
In addition, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement includes customary events of default and other
provisions that could require all amounts due thereunder to become immediately due and payable, either
automatically or at the option of the lenders, if the Company fails to comply with the terms of the 2019
Refinancing Agreement or if other customary events occur.
Furthermore, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement also contains two financial maintenance covenants for
the 2019 Refinancing Term Loan, including a requirement to have sufficient collateral coverage of the
aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2019 Term Loans and for the total leverage ratio of the
Company and its Subsidiaries not to exceed an amount beginning at 4.25 to 1.00 through June 30, 2019,
and stepping down to 2.00 to 1.00 effective July 1, 2021.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — CB Warrants
In connection with the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, on the Refinancing Closing Date, the Company
issued to CB and the other lenders under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement warrants (the “CB Warrants”) to
purchase up to a maximum of 263,314 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.63
per share subject to certain adjustments, including for stock dividends, stock splits or reclassifications. The
actual number of shares of common stock into which the CB Warrants will be exercisable at any given time
will be equal to: (i) the product of (x) the number of shares equal to 2% of the Company’s issued and
outstanding shares of common stock on the Refinancing Closing Date on a fully diluted basis and
(y) the percentage of the total 2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan made as of the exercise date, minus (ii) the
number of shares previously issued under the CB Warrants. As of the Refinancing Closing Date, no
amounts had been drawn on the 2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan, so no portion of the CB Warrants were
exercisable. The CB Warrants may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless basis,” subject to certain
adjustments, at any time after the Refinancing Closing Date until the expiration of such warrant at
5:00 p.m., New York time, on the earlier of (i) the five (5) year anniversary of the Refinancing Closing Date,
or (ii) the liquidation of the Company.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement
On the Refinancing Closing Date, LFS also entered into a financing agreement with the lenders thereto
and Citizens Bank, N.A., as collateral agent, administrative agent and origination agent (the “2019 ABL
Credit Agreement” and, together with the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, the “Refinancing Agreements”).
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement consists of a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2019 Revolving
Credit Facility”). Proceeds of the 2019 Revolving Credit Facility may be used for general corporate
purposes. Upon the Refinancing Closing Date, the Company had nothing drawn on the ABL Credit
Agreement and $15.0 million of available borrowing capacity thereunder.
The Borrowers and Guarantors under the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement are the same as under the 2019
Refinancing Agreement.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement is secured by a second-priority lien on the real property of the Loan
Parties (behind the 2019 Refinancing Agreement) and a first-priority lien on substantially all other assets of
the Loan Parties.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement — Interest Rates and Fees
The interest rate on borrowings under the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement is, at the Borrowers’ option,
either LIBOR (with a 2.0% floor) plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.00% to 3.50% or a base rate
(with a 3.0% minimum) plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.00% to 2.50%.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement — Other Terms and Conditions
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement matures on April 12, 2022. There is an unused line fee ranging from
0.250% to 0.375% per annum on undrawn amounts.
41
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement contains representations and warranties, and covenants which are
customary for debt facilities of this type. Unless the Required Lenders otherwise consent in writing, the
covenants limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things, to (i) incur
additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make distributions to the Company’s
stockholders, (iii) purchase or redeem the Company’s equity interests, (iv) make investments, (v) create liens
on their assets, (vi) enter into transactions with the Company’s affiliates, (vii) sell assets and (viii) merge or
consolidate with, or dispose of substantially all of the Company’s assets to, other companies.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement includes customary events of default and other provisions that could
require all amounts due thereunder to become immediately due and payable, either automatically or at the
option of the lenders, if the Company fails to comply with the terms of the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement or
if other customary events occur.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement also contains a financial maintenance covenant for the 2019
Revolving Credit Facility, which is a requirement for the total leverage ratio of the Company and its
Subsidiaries not to exceed an amount beginning at 4.00 to 1.00 through June 30, 2019, and stepping down
to 1.75 to 1.00 effective July 1, 2021.
For further information on the Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement and the
Refinancing Agreements, see also Note 9 — Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Surety Bonding
In connection with our business, we are occasionally required to provide various types of surety bonds
that provide an additional measure of security to our customers for our performance under certain
government and private sector contracts. Our ability to obtain surety bonds depends upon our
capitalization, working capital, past performance, management expertise and external factors, including the
capacity of the overall surety market. Surety companies consider such factors in light of the amount of our
backlog that we have currently bonded and their current underwriting standards, which may change from
time-to-time. The bonds, if any, we provide typically reflect the contract value. As of December 31, 2018
and 2017, we had approximately $106.6 million and $93.8 million in surety bonds outstanding, respectively.
We believe that our $700 million bonding capacity provides us with a significant competitive advantage
relative to many of our competitors which have limited bonding capacity.
Overall Liquidity Assessment
As a result of significant gross profit write downs recorded on numerous Mid-Atlantic projects during
2018, the Company was not in compliance with certain debt covenants under its then existing Credit
Agreement as of September 30, 2018. As a result of these covenant violations, the lenders requested that the
Company seek alternative financing.
As discussed above, on April 12, 2019, we entered into the Refinancing Agreements and repaid all of
our obligations under the Credit Agreement, including the Credit Agreement Term Loan, Bridge Term
Loan and the Credit Agreement Revolver. Management believes that the Refinancing Agreements will
provide sufficient working capital funding to sustain our operations, and further that we will be able to meet
all of the covenants required thereunder, for the next year.
Based on the foregoing, as of the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements,
management believes that the combination of our current cash position, its projected cash flow to be
received from existing and new customers, its positive working capital, its significant bonding capacity, and
its availability under the 2019 Refinancing Agreements, have alleviated the substantial doubt about its
ability to continue as a going concern for at least the next 12 months.
Additionally, we expect that certain non-cash items, our net operating loss carryforwards and certain
additional temporary differences between book and tax basis will mitigate our cash outflow until such items
are completely utilized, and therefore add to liquidity in the near term.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including revenue growth and costs
incurred to support it. Our capital expenditures in future periods are expected to grow in line with our
business. To the extent that existing cash and cash from operations are not sufficient to fund our future
42
operations, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or additional debt
financing. Although we currently are not a party to any agreement with any third parties with respect to
potential investments in, or acquisitions of, businesses, we may enter into these types of arrangements in the
future, which could also require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. Additional funds may not be
available on terms favorable to us or at all.
Insurance and Self-Insurance
We purchase workers’ compensation and general liability insurance under policies with per-incident
deductibles of $250,000 per occurrence. Losses incurred over primary policy limits are covered by umbrella
and excess policies up to specified limits with multiple excess insurers. We accrue for the unfunded portion
of costs for both reported claims and claims incurred but not reported. The liability for unfunded reported
claims and future claims is reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as current and non-current
liabilities. The liability is determined by determining a reserve for each reported claim on a case-by-case
basis based on the nature of the claim and historical loss experience for similar claims plus an allowance for
the cost of incurred but not reported claims. The current portion of the liability is included in accrued
expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The non-current portion of the
liability is included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
We are self-insured related to medical and dental claims under policies with annual per-claimant and
annual aggregate stop-loss limits. We accrue for the unfunded portion of costs for both reported claims and
claims incurred but not reported. The liability for unfunded reported claims and future claims is reflected
on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a current liability in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.
The components of the self-insurance are reflected below as of December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively:
(in thousands)
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Current liability – workers’ compensation and general liability . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current liability – medical and dental
Non-current liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 352
607
820
$1,779
$ 113
$ 408
508
412
$1,328
$ 113
The restricted cash balance represents cash set aside for the funding of workers’ compensation and
general liability insurance claims. This amount is replenished when depleted, or at the beginning of each
month.
Multiemployer Plans
We participate in approximately 40 MEPPs that provide retirement benefits to certain union employees
in accordance with various collective bargaining agreements (“CBAs”). As one of many participating
employers in these MEPPs, we are responsible with the other participating employers for any plan
underfunding. Our contributions to a particular MEPP are established by the applicable CBAs; however,
required contributions may increase based on the funded status of an MEPP and legal requirements of the
Pension Protection Act of 2006 (the “PPA”), which requires substantially underfunded MEPPs to
implement a funding improvement plan (“FIP”) or a rehabilitation plan (“RP”) to improve their funded
status. Factors that could impact funded status of an MEPP include, without limitation, investment
performance, changes in the participant demographics, decline in the number of contributing employers,
changes in actuarial assumptions and the utilization of extended amortization provisions. Assets
contributed to the MEPPs by us may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating
employers. If a participating employer stops contributing to an MEPP, the unfunded obligations of the
MEPP may be borne by the remaining participating employers.
An FIP or RP requires a particular MEPP to adopt measures to correct its underfunding status. These
measures may include, but are not limited to an increase in a company’s contribution rate as a signatory to
the applicable CBA, or changes to the benefits paid to retirees. In addition, the PPA requires that a 5.0%
43
surcharge be levied on employer contributions for the first year commencing shortly after the date the
employer receives notice that the MEPP is in critical status and a 10.0% surcharge on each succeeding year
until a CBA is in place with terms and conditions consistent with the RP.
We could also be obligated to make payments to MEPPs if we either cease to have an obligation to
contribute to the MEPP or significantly reduce our contributions to the MEPP because we reduce the
number of employees who are covered by the relevant MEPP for various reasons, including, but not limited
to, layoffs or closure of a subsidiary assuming the MEPP has unfunded vested benefits. The amount of
such payments (known as a complete or partial withdrawal liability) would equal our proportionate share of
the MEPPs’ unfunded vested benefits. We believe that certain of the MEPPs in which we participate may
have unfunded vested benefits. Due to uncertainty regarding future factors that could trigger withdrawal
liability, we are unable to determine (a) the amount and timing of any future withdrawal liability, if any, and
(b) whether our participation in these MEPPs could have a material adverse impact on our financial
condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We review new accounting standards to determine the expected financial impact, if any, that the
adoption of such standards will have on our financial position and/or results of operations. See
Note 3 — Accounting Standards in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information
regarding new accounting standards, including the anticipated dates of adoption and the effects on our
consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our critical accounting policies are based upon the significance of the accounting policy to our overall
financial statement presentation, as well as the complexity of the accounting policy and our use of
estimates and subjective assessments. Our most critical accounting policy is revenue recognition. As
discussed elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K, our business has two operating segments:
(1) Construction, for which we account for using the percentage-of-completion method and (2) Service, for
which revenue is recognized as services are provided. In addition, we believe that some of the more critical
judgment areas in the application of accounting policies that affect our financial condition and results of
operations are the impact of changes in the estimates and judgments pertaining to: (a) collectability or
valuation of accounts receivable; (b) the recording of our self-insurance liabilities; (c) valuation of deferred
tax assets; and (d) recoverability of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets. These accounting policies, as
well as others, are described in Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Revenue and Cost Recognition
We believe our most significant accounting policy is revenue recognition from long-term construction
contracts for which we use the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. Under
the percentage-of-completion method, contract revenue recognizable at any time during the life of a
contract is determined by multiplying expected total contract revenue by the percentage of contract costs
incurred to total estimated contract costs. Revenue from fixed price and modified fixed price contracts are
recognized on the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the relationship of total cost incurred to
total estimated contract costs (cost-to-cost method).
Contract costs include direct labor, material, and subcontractor costs, and those indirect costs related
to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, depreciation, and insurance. These
contract costs are included in our results of operations under the caption “Cost of revenue.” Then, as we
perform under those contracts, we measure costs incurred, compare them to total estimated costs to
complete the contract, and recognize a corresponding proportion of contract revenue. Labor costs are
considered to be incurred as the work is performed. Subcontractor labor is recognized as the work is
performed, but is generally subjected to approval as to milestones or other evidence of completion.
Non-labor project costs consist of purchased equipment, prefabricated materials and other materials.
Purchased equipment on our projects is substantially produced to job specifications and is a value added
element to our work. The costs are considered to be incurred when title is transferred to us, which typically
44
is upon delivery to the worksite. Prefabricated materials, such as ductwork and piping, are generally
performed at our shops and recognized as contract costs when fabricated for the unique specifications of
the job. Other materials costs are not significant and are generally recorded when delivered to the worksite.
This measurement and comparison process requires updates to the estimate of total costs to complete the
contract, and these updates may include subjective assessments.
We generally do not incur significant costs prior to receiving a contract, and therefore, these costs are
expensed as incurred. Upon receiving the contract, these costs are included in contract costs. Selling,
general, and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. Bidding and proposal costs are also
recognized as an expense in the period in which such amounts are incurred. Total estimated contract costs
are based upon management’s current estimate of total costs at completion. As changes in estimates of
contract costs at completion and/or estimated total losses on projects are identified, appropriate earnings
adjustments are recorded during the period that the change or loss is identified. Contract revenue for
long-term construction contracts is based upon management’s estimate of contract prices at completion,
including revenue for additional work on which contract pricing has not been finalized (claims). Changes in
job performance, job conditions, and estimated profitability, including those arising from contract penalty
provisions and final contract settlements, may result in revisions to estimated costs and income, and are
recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. Provisions for estimated losses on
uncompleted contracts are recognized in the period in which such losses are determined.
With respect to the Company’s Service segment, there are two basic types of service contracts: fixed
price service contracts which are signed in advance for maintenance, repair, and retrofit work over a period,
typically of one year, and service contracts not signed in advance for similar maintenance, repair, and
retrofit work on an as-needed basis. Fixed price service contracts are generally performed evenly over the
contract period, and accordingly, revenue is recognized on a pro rata basis over the life of the contract.
Revenue derived from other service contracts are recognized when the services are performed. Expenses
related to all service contracts are recognized as services are provided.
Project contracts typically provide for a schedule of billings or invoices to the customer based on
reaching agreed upon milestones or as we incur costs. The schedules for such billings usually do not
precisely match the schedule on which costs are incurred. As a result, contract revenue recognized in the
statement of operations can and usually does differ from amounts that can be billed or invoiced to the
customer at any point during the contract. Amounts by which cumulative contract revenue recognized on a
contract as of a given date exceed cumulative billings to the customer under the contract are reflected as a
current asset in our balance sheet under the caption “Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings.”
Amounts by which cumulative billings to the customer under a contract as of a given date exceed
cumulative contract revenue recognized on the contract are reflected as a current liability in our balance
sheet under the caption “Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings.”
The percentage of completion method of accounting is also affected by changes in job performance,
job conditions, and final contract settlements. These factors may result in revisions to estimated costs and,
therefore, revenue. Such revisions are frequently based on further estimates and subjective assessments. The
effects of these revisions are recognized in the period in which revisions are determined. When such
revisions lead to a conclusion that a loss will be recognized on a contract, the full amount of the estimated
ultimate loss is recognized in the period such conclusion is reached, regardless of the percentage of
completion of the contract.
Revisions to project costs and conditions can give rise to change orders under which the customer
agrees to pay additional contract price. Revisions can also result in claims we might make against the
customer to recover project variances that have not been satisfactorily addressed through change orders
with the customer. Claims and unapproved change orders are recorded at estimated net realizable value
when realization is probable and can be reasonably estimated. No profit is recognized on the construction
costs incurred in connection with claim amounts. See Note 5 — Contracts in Progress in the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for information related to unresolved change orders and claims.
45
Variations from estimated project costs could have a significant impact on our operating results,
depending on project size, and the recoverability of the variation via additional customer payments.
In accordance with industry practice, we classify as current all assets and liabilities relating to the
performance of long-term contracts. The term of our contracts generally ranges from one month to
two years and, accordingly, collection or payment of amounts relating to these contracts may extend
beyond one year.
Accounts Receivable
We are required to estimate the collectability of accounts receivable and provide an allowance for
doubtful accounts for receivable amounts we believe we will not ultimately collect. This requires us to make
certain judgments and estimates involving, among others, the creditworthiness of our customers, prior
collection history with our customers, ongoing relationships with our customers, the aging of past due
balances, our lien rights, if any, in the property where we performed the work, and the availability, if any, of
payment bonds applicable to the contract. These estimates are evaluated and adjusted as needed when
additional information is received.
Self-insurance Liabilities
We are substantially self-insured for workers’ compensation, employer’s liability, auto liability, general
liability and employee group health claims in view of the relatively high per-incident deductibles we absorb
under our insurance arrangements for these risks. Losses are estimated and accrued based upon known
facts, historical trends and industry averages. Estimated losses in excess of our deductible, which have not
already been paid, are included in our accrual with a corresponding receivable from our insurance carrier.
We believe the liabilities recognized on our balance sheets for these obligations are adequate. However,
insurance liabilities are difficult to estimate due to unknown factors, including the severity of any injury, the
determination of our liability in proportion to other parties, timely reporting of occurrences, ongoing
treatment or loss mitigation, general trends in litigation recovery outcomes and the effectiveness of safety
and risk management programs. Therefore, if actual experience differs from the assumptions and estimates
used for recording the liabilities, adjustments may be required and would be recorded in the period that
such experience becomes known.
Deferred Tax Assets
We regularly evaluate the need for valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets for which future
realization is uncertain. We perform this evaluation quarterly. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax
assets, we must consider whether it is more-likely-than-not some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets
will not be realized. We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, in determining whether a
valuation allowance is required. Such evidence includes the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities,
projected future taxable income, taxable income in prior carryback years and tax planning strategies in
making this assessment, and judgment is required in considering the relative weight of negative and positive
evidence.
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets
Goodwill is the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of acquired businesses. We
assess goodwill for impairment each year, and more frequently if circumstances suggest an impairment may
have occurred. When the carrying value of a given reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss
is recorded to the extent that the implied fair value of the goodwill of the reporting unit is less than its
carrying value. If other reporting units have had increases in fair value, such increases may not be recorded.
Accordingly, such increases may not be netted against impairments at other reporting units. The
requirements for assessing whether goodwill has been impaired involve market-based information. This
information, and its use in assessing goodwill, entails some degree of subjective assessment.
We perform our annual impairment testing as of October 1st and any impairment charges resulting
from this process are reported in the fourth quarter. We segregate our operations into reporting units based
on the degree of operating and financial independence of each unit and our related management of them.
We perform our annual goodwill impairment analysis at the reporting unit level. Each of our
operating units represents an operating segment, and our operating segments are our reporting units.
46
We also review intangible assets with definite lives subject to amortization whenever events or
circumstances indicate that a carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Events or circumstances
that might require impairment testing include the identification of other impaired assets within a reporting
unit, loss of key personnel, the disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit, a significant decline
in stock price or a significant adverse change in business climate or regulations. Changes in strategy and/or
market condition, may also result in adjustments to recorded intangible asset balances or their useful lives.
Off-Balance Sheet and Other Arrangements
Aside from the $3.4 million in irrevocable letters of credit outstanding in connection with the
Company’s self-insurance program at December 31, 2018, we did not have any relationships with any
entities or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities established for the
purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other purposes.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act; therefore, pursuant
to Item 301(c) of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.
47
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Index to Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49
Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31,
2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
51
52
53
55
48
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Limbach Holdings, Inc.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Limbach Holdings, Inc. (the
“Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2018, and
the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31,
2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period
ended December 31, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is
to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require
that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor
were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits
we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the
purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such
procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Crowe LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.
Atlanta, Georgia
April 15, 2019
49
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts receivable, net
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts . . .
Advances to and equity in joint ventures, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred tax asset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable, including retainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts . . .
Accrued income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Long-term debt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commitments and contingencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, net, par value $0.0001, 1,000,000 shares
authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and
280,000 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 ($0 and $7,853
redemption value as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017,
respectively) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, $.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 7,592,911
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 7,504,133 at December 31,
2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
$
1,619
113
135,687
32,698
12
34,857
204,986
20,527
12,953
10,488
4,409
271
$253,634
$
3,141
74,353
50,843
—
53,801
182,138
23,614
1,514
207,266
—
$
626
113
129,343
33,006
11
3,161
166,260
17,918
14,225
10,488
3,664
465
$213,020
$
6,358
67,438
28,543
2,220
30,925
135,484
20,556
861
156,901
—
—
7,959
1
54,791
(8,424)
46,368
1
54,738
(6,579)
48,160
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$253,634
$213,020
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
50
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 546,526
487,095
$ 485,739
420,116
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
59,431
65,623
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income (expenses):
Interest income (expense), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on debt modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain (loss) on sale of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income (loss) before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income tax provision (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dividends on cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . .
Premium paid on partial preferred redemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57,089
1,272
58,361
1,070
(3,305)
(335)
90
(3,550)
(2,480)
(635)
(1,845)
(113)
2,219
56,023
3,582
59,605
6,018
(2,034)
—
(121)
(2,155)
3,863
3,151
712
809
847
Net loss attributable to Limbach Holdings, Inc. common stockholders . . . . . . .
$
(3,951) $
(944)
EPS
Net loss per share attributable to Limbach Holdings, Inc. common stockholders:
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
$
(0.52) $
(0.52) $
(0.13)
(0.13)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,562,586
7,562,586
7,471,371
7,471,371
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
51
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
(Successor)
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock
(in thousands, except share amounts)
Number of
shares
outstanding
Par value
amount
Additional
paid-in
capital
Accumulated
deficit
Stockholders’
equity
Balance at January 1, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,454,491
$ 1
$55,162
$(7,715)
$47,448
Dividends on redeemable convertible
preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reclassification of cumulative dividends on
redeemable convertible preferred stock . . .
Premium paid on partial redemption of
redeemable convertible preferred stock . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shares issued related to vested Restricted
stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise of warrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance at December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exercise of warrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shares issued related to vested Restricted
stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Premium paid on redemption of redeemable
convertible preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . .
Dividends on redeemable convertible
—
—
—
—
48,835
807
—
7,504,133
10,627
78,151
—
—
preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance at December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
—
7,592,911
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
$ 1
—
—
—
—
—
—
$ 1
(809)
—
(809)
(424)(1)
424(1)
—
(847)
1,656
—
—
(847)
1,656
—
—
—
$54,738
—
—
2,159
(2,219)
—
—
712
$(6,579)
—
—
—
—
—
—
712
$48,160
—
—
2,159
(2,219)
113
—
$54,791
—
(1,845)
$(8,424)
113
(1,845)
$46,368
(1) See Note 11 — Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements for further discussion of the reclassification.
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
52
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
January 1,
2018
through
December 31,
2018
January 1,
2017
through
December 31,
2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
(1,845)
$
712
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in)
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for doubtful accounts
Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on debt modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of debt issuance costs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred tax provision (benefit)
Accretion of preferred stock discount to redemption value . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Gain) loss on sale of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Increase) decrease in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on
uncompleted contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Increase) decrease in other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Increase) decrease in other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on
uncompleted contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Decrease) increase in taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in other long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advances to joint ventures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash flows from financing activities:
5,683
64
2,159
335
373
(745)
—
(90)
9,118
259
1,656
—
181
603
21
121
(6,408)
(15,630)
308
(31,162)
—
6,914
22,301
(2,753)
29,535
653
25,322
198
(1)
(3,877)
(3,680)
(1,046)
698
1
10,404
(10,647)
2,220
(2,780)
44
(4,065)
70
(1)
(3,303)
(3,234)
Increase (decrease) in bank overdrafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments on Credit Agreement term loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from Credit Agreement revolver
(6,446)
(3,300)
109,650
7,780
(4,865)
111,562
Payments on Credit Agreement revolver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(115,308)
(105,904)
Payments on term loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
(33)
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
53
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – (continued)
(in thousands)
January 1,
2018
through
December 31,
2018
January 1,
2017
through
December 31,
2017
Proceeds from Bridge Term Loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments on Bridge Term Loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments on financed insurance premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments on capital leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Convertible preferred stock redeemed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Convertible preferred stock dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes paid related to net-share settlement of equity awards
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Debt issuance costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,000
(2,264)
—
(1,939)
(9,191)
(875)
(211)
(765)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(20,649)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
993
626
—
—
(2,135)
(1,690)
(3,847)
(245)
(104)
—
519
(6,780)
7,406
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 1,619
$
626
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Noncash investing and financing transactions:
. . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment acquired financed with capital leases
Financed insurance premium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 3,260
—
$
$ 2,714
$ 1,801
$ 2,135
$ 1,882
The Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of these Consolidated Financial Statements
54
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Note 1 — Organization and Plan of Business Operations
Limbach Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”), formerly known as 1347 Capital Corp. (“1347 Capital”), is a
Delaware corporation headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Company’s Consolidated Financial
Statements include the accounts of Limbach Holdings, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, including
Limbach Holdings LLC (“LHLLC”), Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Company LLC, Limbach
Company LP, Harper Limbach LLC, and Harper Limbach Construction LLC.
The Company was originally incorporated as a special purpose acquisition company, formed for the
purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or
similar business combination with one or more businesses. On July 20, 2016, the Company consummated a
business combination (“Business Combination”) with LHLLC pursuant to the agreement and plan of
merger dated as of March 23, 2016 by and among 1347 Capital Corp. (now Limbach Holdings Inc.),
LHLLC and FdG HVAC, LLC (“FdG”), as stockholders’ representative (the “Merger Agreement”).
In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from
1347 Capital Corp. to Limbach Holdings, Inc.
We operate in two segments, (i) Construction, in which we generally manage large construction or
renovation projects that involve primarily HVAC, plumbing, or electrical services, and (ii) Service, in which
we provide maintenance or service primarily on HVAC, plumbing or electrical systems. This work is
primarily performed under fixed price, modified fixed price, and time and material contracts over periods of
typically less than two years. The Company’s customers operate in several different industries, including
healthcare, education, government, commercial, manufacturing, mission critical, entertainment, and leisure.
The Company operates primarily in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast, Midwest, and Southwestern
regions of the United States.
Emerging Growth Company
Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply
with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had
a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, declared effective or do not have a
class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) are required to
comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can
elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to
non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected
not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised
and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth
company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised
standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company,
which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of
using the extended transition period, difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in
accounting standards used.
Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and based on the assumption that the
Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement
of liabilities in the normal course of business.
55
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
As a result of significant gross profit write downs recorded on numerous Mid-Atlantic projects during
2018, the Company was not in compliance with certain debt covenants under its then existing Credit
Agreement as of September 30, 2018. As a result of these covenant violations, the lenders requested that the
Company seek alternative financing and this uncertainty about the Company’s future liquidity raised
substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
As discussed in Note 9 — Debt (where all capitalized terms are also defined), on April 12, 2019, the
Company entered into the Refinancing Agreements and repaid all of its obligations under its previous
Credit Agreement, including the Credit Agreement Term Loan, Bridge Term Loan and Credit Agreement
Revolver. Management believes that the Refinancing Agreements will provide sufficient working capital
funding to sustain the Company’s operations, and further that the Company will be able to meet all of the
covenants required thereunder, for the next year.
Based on the foregoing, as of the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements,
management believes that the combination of the Company’s current cash position, its projected cash flow
to be received from existing and new customers, its positive working capital, its significant bonding
capacity, and its availability under the 2019 Refinancing Agreements, have alleviated substantial doubt
about its ability to continue as a going concern for at least the next 12 months.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include all amounts of Limbach Holdings, Inc. and its
subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated
Financial Statements for assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period, and
the accompanying notes. Management believes that its most significant estimates and assumptions have
been based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and the resulting estimates are reasonable for use in
the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company’s significant estimates include
estimates associated with revenue recognition on construction contracts, costs incurred through each
balance sheet date, impairment of goodwill, intangibles, property and equipment, fair valuation in business
combinations, insurance reserves, income tax valuation allowances, and contingencies. If the underlying
estimates and assumptions upon which the Consolidated Financial Statements are based change in the
future, actual amounts may differ from those included in the accompanying Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist principally of currency on hand, demand deposits at commercial
banks. The Company maintains demand accounts at several domestic banks. From time to time, account
balances have exceeded the maximum available Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) coverage
limit.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash is cash held at a commercial bank in an imprest account held for the purpose of
funding workers’ compensation and general liability claims against the Company. This amount is
replenished either when depleted or at the beginning of each month.
56
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable include amounts billed to customers under retention provisions in construction
contracts. Such provisions are standard in the Company’s industry and usually allow for a small portion of
progress billings or the contract price, typically 10%, to be withheld by the customer until after the
Company has completed work on the project. Based on the Company’s experience with similar contracts in
recent years, billings for such retention balances at each balance sheet date are finalized and collected after
project completion. Generally, unbilled amounts will be billed and collected within one year.
The carrying value of the receivables, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents their
estimated net realizable value. Management provides for probable uncollectible accounts through a charge
to earnings and a credit to the valuation account based on its assessment of the current status of individual
accounts, type of service performed, and current economic conditions. Balances that are still outstanding
after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation
allowance and an adjustment of the account receivable.
Joint Ventures
The Company accounts for its participation in certain special purpose, project specific joint ventures
under the equity method of accounting. The Company’s entry into these joint ventures is for the purpose of
bidding, negotiating and completing specific projects. The Company and its joint venture partner(s)
separately enter into their own sub-contracts with the joint venture for each party’s respective portion of the
work. All revenue and expenses and the related contract assets and liabilities related to Limbach’s
sub-contract are recorded within the Company’s statement of operations and balance sheet, similarly to any
other construction project. The joint venture itself does not accumulate any profits or losses, as the joint
venture revenue is equal to the sum of the sub-contracts it issues to the joint venture partners. The voting
power and management of the joint ventures is shared equally by the joint venture partners, qualifying
these entities for joint venture treatment under GAAP. The shared voting power and management
responsibilities allow the Company to exercise significant influence without controlling the joint venture
entity. As such, the Company applies the equity method of accounting as defined in ASC Topic 323 —
Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures.
Revenues and Cost Recognition
Revenues from fixed price and modified fixed price contracts are recognized on
the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the relationship of total cost incurred to total estimated
contract costs (cost-to-cost method). Contract revenue for long-term construction contracts is based upon
management’s estimate of contract values at completion, including revenue for additional work on which
the contract value has not been finalized (claims and unapproved change orders) but is considered probable.
Changes in job performance, job conditions, and estimated profitability, including those arising from
contract penalty provisions and final contract settlements, may result in revisions to estimated costs and
income, and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined.
Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized in the period in which such
losses are determined. See also Note 5 — Contracts in Progress.
Contract costs include direct labor, material, and subcontractor costs, and those indirect costs related
to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, depreciation, and insurance. Total
estimated contract costs are based upon management’s current estimate of total costs at completion.
There are two basic types of service contracts: fixed price service contracts which are signed in advance
for maintenance, repair, and retrofit work over a period of typically one year, and service contracts not
signed in advance for similar maintenance, repair, and retrofit work on an as-needed basis. Fixed price
57
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
service contracts are generally performed evenly over the contract period, and accordingly, revenue is
recognized on a pro rata basis over the life of the contract. Revenues derived from other service contracts
are recognized when the services are performed. Expenses related to all service contracts are recognized as
services are provided.
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts reflected in the
Consolidated Financial Statements arise when revenues have been recognized but the amounts cannot be
billed under the terms of the contracts. Also included in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings
on uncompleted contracts are amounts the Company seeks or will seek to collect from customers or others
for errors or changes in contract specifications or design, contract change orders in dispute or unapproved
as to scope and price, or other customer-related causes of unanticipated additional contract costs (claims
and unapproved change orders). Claims and unapproved change orders are recorded at estimated net
realizable value when realization is probable and can be reasonably estimated. No profit is recognized on the
construction costs incurred in connection with claim amounts. Claims and unapproved change orders made
by the Company may involve negotiation and, in rare cases, litigation. Claims and unapproved change
orders involve the use of estimates, and it is reasonably possible that revisions to the estimated recoverable
amounts of recorded claims and unapproved change orders may be made in the near term. Claims against
the Company are recognized when a loss is considered probable and amounts are reasonably determinable.
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts represent billings in excess of
revenues recognized.
In accordance with industry practice, we classify as current all assets and liabilities relating to the
performance of contracts. The terms of our contracts generally range from six months to two years.
Selling, general, and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. Bidding and proposal
costs are also recognized as an expense in the period in which such amounts are incurred.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are reviewed for impairment at
least annually or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value
may not be recoverable. The Company performs its annual impairment assessment for goodwill and other
indefinite-life intangible assets as of October 1st or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the asset might be impaired.
In 2018, management performed a quantitative impairment test of goodwill and indefinite-lived
intangible assets as of September 30, 2018 due to the significant project write-downs recorded in the
3rd quarter of 2018 and as of December 31, 2018 as a result of the Company’s book value exceeding its
market capitalization. A quantitative impairment test involves comparing the fair value of each reporting
unit to its carrying value. The fair values of the reporting units are determined using a combination of a
discounted cash flow analysis and market multiples. Assumptions used for these fair value techniques are
based on a combination of historical results, current forecasts, market data and recent economic events. The
determination of fair value involves significant management judgment and we apply our best judgment
when assessing the reasonableness of financial projections. Fair values are sensitive to changes in underlying
assumptions and factors. As a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made
for purposes of the annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible impairment tests will prove to be an
accurate prediction of future results. Management evaluates the recoverability of indefinite-lived intangible
assets using the relief-from-royalty method based on projected financial information.
In 2017, the Company performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it was more likely than
not that the fair value of each of the reporting units or indefinite-life intangible is less than its carrying
value. In conducting a qualitative assessment, the Company analyzes a variety of events or factors that may
influence the fair value of the reporting unit or indefinite-life intangible, including, but not limited to: if
58
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
applicable; changes in the carrying amount of the reporting unit or indefinite-life intangible; actual and
projected revenue and operating margin; relevant market data for both the Company and its peer
companies; industry outlooks; macroeconomic conditions; liquidity; changes in key personnel; and the
Company’s competitive position. Significant judgment is used to evaluate the totality of these events and
factors to make the determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the
reporting units or indefinite-life intangible is less than its carrying value.
The Company reviews intangible assets with definite lives subject to amortization whenever events or
changes in circumstances (triggering events) indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. Intangible assets with definite lives subject to amortization are amortized on a straight-line or
accelerated basis with estimated useful lives ranging from 1 to 15 years. Events or circumstances that might
require impairment testing include the identification of other impaired assets within a reporting unit, loss
of key personnel, the disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit, a significant decline in stock
price, or a significant adverse change in the Company’s business climate or regulations affecting the
Company.
There were no impairment losses identified as a result of our impairment tests.
Long-Lived Assets
We evaluate the carrying value of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances
(triggering events) indicate that a potential impairment has occurred. A potential impairment has occurred
if the projected future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets. The estimate
of cash flows includes management’s assumptions of cash inflows and outflows directly resulting from the
use of the asset in operations. When a potential impairment has occurred, an impairment charge is recorded
if the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. Fair value is measured based on a
projected discounted cash flow model using a discount rate which we feel is commensurate with the risk
inherent in our business.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, including purchases financed through capital leases, are recorded at cost and
depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. For buildings and leasehold
improvements, the Company’s useful lives range from 5 to 40 years; for machinery and equipment, useful
lives range from 3 to 10 years. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.
Leasehold improvements for operating leases are amortized over the lesser of the term of the related lease
or the estimated useful lives of the improvements.
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs representing third-party, lender debt issuance costs are deferred and
amortized using the effective interest rate method over the term of the related long-term debt agreement,
and the straight-line method for the revolving credit agreement.
Debt issuance costs related to the Credit Agreement Term Loan are reflected as a direct deduction
from the carrying amount of Long-term debt liability. Debt issuance costs related to the Bridge Term Loan
are reflected as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the Current portion of long-term debt
liability. Debt issuance costs related to revolving credit facilities are capitalized and reflected as an Other
asset.
Stock-Based Compensation
Upon approval of the Business Combination, the Company adopted the Limbach Holdings, Inc.
Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). Certain employees, directors and consultants will be eligible to
be granted awards under the 2016 Plan, other than incentive stock options, which may be granted only to
59
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
employees. The Company has reserved 800,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the 2016
Plan, as may be adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, and similar changes in the Company’s common
stock. In connection with an event determined to constitute a change in control, the plan administrator may
accelerate the vesting of awards previously granted. All awards are made in the form of shares only.
During 2018 and 2017, the Company granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the 2016 Plan.
Stock-based compensation awards granted to executives, employees, and non-employee directors are
measured at fair value and recognized as an expense. For awards with service conditions only, the Company
recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based on the
closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date. For awards with service and
performance conditions (“PRSUs”), the Company recognizes compensation expense based on the closing
market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date using the graded vesting method over the
requisite service period. Estimates of compensation expense for an award with performance conditions are
based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions. The cumulative effect of changes in the
probability outcomes are recorded in the period in which the changes occur. For awards with market-based
conditions (“MRSUs”), the Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate the grant-date fair
value. The fair value related to market-based awards is recorded as compensation expense using the graded
vesting method regardless of whether the market condition is achieved or not. The Company has elected to
account for forfeitures as they occur to determine the amount of compensation expense to be recognized
each period. See also Note 19 — Management Incentive Plans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and local taxes. The Company accounts for
income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740 — Income Taxes, which requires the use of the asset and
liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities and income or expense is recognized
for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying
values and their respective tax bases, using enacted tax rates expected to be applicable in the years in which
the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Changes in tax rates are recorded to deferred tax assets
and liabilities and reflected in the provision for income taxes during the period that includes the enactment
date.
The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets and establishes a valuation allowance
when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Potential
for recovery of deferred tax assets is evaluated by estimating the future taxable profits expected, scheduling
of anticipated reversals of taxable temporary differences, and considering prudent and feasible tax planning
strategies.
Any interest or penalties incurred related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as tax expense in
the provision for income tax expense line item of the accompanying Consolidated Statements of
Operations. The Company has not incurred interest expense or penalties related to income taxes during any
period presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Consolidated Financial Statements reflect
expected future tax consequences of such positions presuming the taxing authorities have full knowledge of
the position and all relevant facts, but without considering time values.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities in accordance with
ASC Topic 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a
framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC Topic 820
establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair
value and requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable
60
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
inputs. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant
unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
•
•
•
Level 1 — inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
that are accessible at the measurement date
Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or
liability either directly or indirectly such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and
liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or
other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for
substantially the full term of assets or liabilities; and
Level 3 — unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an
entity to develop its own assumptions.
The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its financial instruments, including cash and cash
equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and accounts payable, consist primarily of instruments without
extended maturities, which approximate fair value primarily due to their short-term maturities and low risk
of counterparty default. We also believe that the carrying value of the Credit Agreement term loan
approximates its fair value due to the variable rate on such debt. As of December 31, 2018, the Company
determined the fair value of its Credit Agreement term loan was $14.3 million and its Bridge Term Loan at
$7.7 million. These fair values were determined using discounted estimated future cash flows using level 3
inputs. There were no outstanding borrowings on the Company’s Credit Agreement revolver at
December 31, 2018.
To determine the fair value of the warrants issued in connection with the Business Combination, the
Company utilized the Black-Scholes model.
Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
The Company’s cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock was classified as temporary equity
and was shown net of issuance costs. Unpaid cumulative preferred dividends were compounded and
accumulated at each quarterly dividend date using the straight-line method and presented within the
carrying value of the preferred stock. As of December 31, 2017, the difference between the carrying value
and redemption value was due to the issuance costs and the difference between the accrual of dividends
using the straight-line method and the actual stated dividend amount. On July 14, 2017, the Company
exercised its repurchase right by partially redeeming the outstanding convertible preferred stock and on
January 12, 2018, the Company exercised its remaining repurchase right with respect to the remaining
outstanding convertible preferred stock. See Note 11 — Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred
Stock in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Earnings per Share
The Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260 — Earnings per Share
(“EPS”). Basic earnings per common share applicable to common stockholders is computed by dividing
earnings applicable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding and assumed to be outstanding.
Diluted EPS assumes the dilutive effect of outstanding common stock warrants, unit purchase options
(“UPOs”) and RSUs, all using the treasury stock method, and the dilutive effect of the Series A cumulative
convertible preferred stock, using the “if-converted” method.
61
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
The following table summarizes the securities that were antidilutive (including warrants, unit purchase
options (UPOs), RSU and preferred stock after giving effect to their respective conversion to shares of
common stock for those units in-the-money, or share equivalents for those units out-of-the-money) and
therefore, were not included in the computations of diluted loss per common share.
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
In-the-money warrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
Out-of-the-money warrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,576,799
16,877
Service-based RSUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performance and market-based RSUs(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
In-the-money UPOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Out-of-the-money UPOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48,307
—
1,308
8,550
474,204
600,000
688,219
43,785
—
5,675
—
Total
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,651,841
1,811,883
(1) For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, all PRSUs and MRSUs were not included in the
computation of diluted loss per share because the performance and market conditions were not
satisfied during 2018 and would not be satisfied if the reporting date was at the end of the contingency
period.
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
EPS numerator:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Net income (loss)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Undistributed preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Premium paid on partial preferred redemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net loss attributable to Limbach Holdings, Inc. common stockholders . . . . . . .
$(1,845)
(113)
2,219
$(3,951)
712
809
847
(944)
EPS denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Impact of dilutive securities
7,563
7,471
Warrants in-the-money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonvested RSUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UPOs in-the-money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
—
—
—
—
—
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,563
7,471
Net loss per share attributable to Limbach Holdings, Inc. common stockholders:
Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ (0.52)
$ (0.52)
$ (0.13)
$ (0.13)
62
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Segment Disclosure
The Company manages and measures performance of its business in two distinct operating segments:
Construction and Service. The significant accounting policies described in this note are utilized within our
segment reporting. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary
of significant accounting policies. Management evaluates performance based on income from operations of
the respective branches after the allocation of Corporate office operating expenses. Transactions between
segments are eliminated in consolidation. Our Corporate office provides general and administrative support
services to our two operating segments. Management allocates costs between segments for selling, general
and administrative expenses and depreciation expense.
The Company does not identify capital expenditures and total assets by segment in its internal financial
reports due in part to the shared use of a centralized fleet of vehicles and specialized equipment. Interest
expense is also not allocated to segments because of the Company’s corporate management of debt service,
including interest.
Note 3 — Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-03,
“Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments — Equity Method and Joint
Ventures (Topic 323),” which applies to ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-02 and provides an SEC staff view
that a Company must evaluate ASUs not yet adopted to determine the appropriate financial statement
disclosures about the potential material impacts of those ASUs on the financial statements when adopted in
a future period according to Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 11.M. If the Company does not
know or cannot reasonably estimate the impact that adoption of the ASU is expected to have on the
financial statements, a statement should be made to that effect and additional qualitative financial statement
disclosures should be made to assist the financial statement reader in assessing the significance of the
impact that the standard will have on the financial statements when adopted. This guidance was effective
upon issuance and has been adopted.
On May 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation — Stock Compensation: Scope of
Modification Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”). The amendments included in ASU 2017-09 provide guidance
about which changes to the terms and conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to
apply modification accounting. The amendments in this update will be applied prospectively to an award
modified on or after the adoption date. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the provisions of
ASU 2017-09 and the adoption did not have an impact on the Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Internal-Use
Software (subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud
Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract,” addressed diversity in practice and simplified
accounting for implementation costs associated with cloud computing arrangements. This guidance is
effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those
fiscal years. The Company early adopted this standard during the quarter ended September 30, 2018, and
accordingly followed the guidance to expense fees as incurred for its single cloud computing service
contract. The adoption of this standard had no material impact on the Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.
In August 2018, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) adopted amendments
to simplify certain disclosure requirements that were redundant, duplicative, overlapping or outdated based
on other Commission disclosure requirements, GAAP or other changes in the information environment.
The final rule amends Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X (Rule 8-03 for smaller reporting companies) and
63
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
requires registrants to disclose changes in shareholders’ equity, in the form of a reconciliation, for “the
current and comparative year-to-date interim periods, with subtotals for each interim period.” Registrants
may present the activity in a separate statement of changes in stockholders’ equity or in the notes to the
interim financial statements. These amendments became effective 30 days from publication in the Federal
Register on November 5, 2018. The Company adopted this rule and changed the presentation of its changes
in stockholders’ equity during the third quarter of 2018. See the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’
Equity.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The effective dates shown in the following pronouncements are private company effective dates, based
upon the Company’s election to conform to private company effective dates based on the relief provided to
Emerging Growth Companies (“EGCs”) under the JOBS Act.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from
Contracts with Customers — Topic 606,” which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in FASB
Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 605. The new guidance established principles for reporting
revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers. This new revenue recognition
standard will replace all of the recognition guidance within GAAP. This guidance was deferred by
ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, issued
by the FASB in August 2015,” which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 from annual and interim
periods beginning after December 15, 2017 to annual and interim periods beginning after December 15,
2018. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal
versus Agent Considerations,” which further clarifies the implementation guidance in ASU 2014-09. In
April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606):
Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” to expand the guidance on identifying performance
obligations and licensing within ASU 2014-09. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenues from
Contracts with Customers: Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which amends the
guidance in the new revenue standard on collectability, noncash consideration, presentation of sales tax,
and transition. The amendments are intended to address implementation issues that were raised by
stakeholders and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the
new revenue standard. The guidance can be applied on a full retrospective or modified retrospective basis
whereby the entity records a cumulative effect of initially applying this update at the date of initial
application. In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements
to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers” intended to clarify the codification or to correct
unintended application of the guidance which clarifies the definition of loan guarantee fees, what should be
considered in contract costs impairment testing, a requirement that provisions for losses on
construction-type and production-type contracts be determined at the least at the contract level, exclusion
of insurance contracts from scope, specific disclosures regarding remaining performance obligations,
disclosure of prior-period performance obligations and gives an example of contract modifications. These
standards are required to be implemented by the Company for its fiscal year 2019 annual financial
statements and for interim periods beginning in fiscal year 2020.
We have substantially completed the process of evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on
our contracts, including identifying potential differences that will result from applying the new guidance.
Retention related balances will be presented as a separate contract asset instead of a component of
accounts receivable on the face of the balance sheet. Management will evaluate the nature of warranties
provided to the Company’s customers to determine if such warranties represent an assurance-type or
service-type warranty, which requires identification and treatment as a separate performance obligation.
For purposes of revenue recognition, such warranties are currently included in total estimated project costs.
Further, management intends to develop a process for calculating the balance of remaining unsatisfied
performance obligations, which is a required disclosure under the new revenue recognition standard that
64
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
may differ from the historical calculation of backlog, although we intend to continue disclosing backlog in
our future SEC filings. We expect to separately present contract assets and liabilities in the consolidated
balance sheets. Contract assets will include amounts due under contractual retainage provisions, unbilled
receivables, costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings and capitalized mobilization costs. Contract
liabilities will include provisions for losses and billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings. We are
currently drafting revised accounting policies and evaluating the enhanced disclosure requirements on our
business processes, controls and systems.
Using the modified retrospective method, we anticipate adopting the standard for fiscal year 2019 and
for interim periods beginning in fiscal year 2020. As a result of the review of our various types of revenue
arrangements, we do not anticipate that the adoption will have a material impact on our Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements, particularly as it relates to revenues generated from long-term
construction, service maintenance, and time and materials contracts.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” ASU 2016-02 provides an
approach for classifying leases as either finance leases or operating leases. For either classification, a
right-of-use asset and a lease liability will be required to be recognized, unless the term of the lease is one
year or less. The guidance is required to be applied using a modified retrospective approach which includes
optional practical expedients. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-01, “Leases (Topic 842),”
that clarified the standard by providing a practical expedient in transition to not evaluate existing or expired
land easements under Topic 842 that were not previously accounted for as leases under Topic 840. In
July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases,” to correct
inconsistencies in the guidance and clarify how to apply certain provisions of the lease standards. In
addition, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements,” intended to
reduce costs and ease implementation of the leases standard for financial statement preparers by providing
a new transition method and a practical expedient for separating components of a contract. Under the new
transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a
cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption.
Because the Company’s EGC status is set to expire on December 31, 2019, unless other disqualifying
provisions apply prior to that date (see Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations — JOBS Act), the Company is expected to comply with this standard
beginning the fourth quarter of 2019. Earlier application is permitted. Management has not yet commenced
its analysis of these standards and therefore cannot estimate the impact of their adoption on the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash” to
address diversity in practice in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the
statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods
beginning after December 15, 2018, and for interim periods within years beginning after December 15,
2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the
amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the year that
includes that interim period. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the
same period. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period
presented. When adopted, this standard is expected to have no material impact on the Consolidated
Financial Statements. We anticipate adopting this standard in the first quarter of 2019.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the
Definition of a Business” to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as
acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The amendments provide a screen to determine when a
set of assets and activities is not a business. If the screen is not met, the amendments require further
consideration of inputs, substantive processes and outputs to determine whether the transaction is an
acquisition of a business. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods
65
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
beginning after December 15, 2018, and for interim periods within annual periods beginning after
December 15, 2019. The amendments in this update are to be applied prospectively on or after the effective
date. Management is currently evaluating this standard to determine the impact on its Consolidated
Financial Statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Simplifying
the Test for Goodwill Impairment” to address the cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test
which resulted in the elimination of Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measured a goodwill
impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill by assigning fair value of a reporting unit
to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination.
Rather, the Company would be required to do its annual and interim goodwill impairment tests by
comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount and to recognize an impairment
charge for the amount by which the carrying amount is greater than the reporting unit’s fair value, not to
exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Income tax effects measuring the
goodwill impairment loss, if applicable, from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount on the
reporting unit should also be considered. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for its
annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early
adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after
January 1, 2017. The amendments in this Update are to be applied on a prospective basis. When adopted,
this standard is expected to have no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. We
anticipate adopting this standard in the first quarter of 2019.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718):
Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Accounting,” to simplify the accounting for share-based
payment transactions to non-employees for goods and services by aligning it with the guidance for
share-based payments to employees. Because the Company’s EGC status is set to expire on December 31,
2019, unless other disqualifying provisions apply prior to that date (see Item 7. Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — JOBS Act), the Company is expected to
comply with this standard beginning the fourth quarter of 2019. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier
than an entity’s adoption date of ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers—Topic 606.”
The adoption of this standard is expected to have no material impact on the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure
Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,” to improve the
effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements related to recurring or nonrecurring fair
value measurements by removing amounts and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair
value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair
value measurements. The new standard requires disclosure of the range and weighted average of significant
unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this update are
effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after
December 15, 2019. The adoption of this standard only impacts disclosure and therefore, the Company
does not expect that it will have an impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
66
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Note 4 — Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable and the allowance for doubtful accounts are comprised of the following:
(in thousands)
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Accounts receivable – trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$106,063
$103,506
Retainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29,867
Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(243)
26,070
(233)
Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$135,687
$129,343
Note 5 — Contracts in Progress
(in thousands)
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Revenue earned on uncompleted contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Billings to date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 731,923
(750,068)
$ 557,164
(552,701)
Net underbilling (overbilling)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ (18,145)
4,463
The above is reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as
follows:
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billing on uncompleted contracts . .
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts . .
32,698
(50,843)
33,006
(28,543)
Net underbilling (overbilling)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ (18,145)
$
4,463
Accounts payable includes retainage due to subcontractors totaling $13.0 million and $11.1 million as
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The Company has asserted claims and may have unresolved change orders on certain construction
projects. These occur typically as a result of scope changes and project delays. Management continually
evaluates these items and estimates the recoverable amounts and, if significant, these recoverability
estimates are evaluated to determine the net realizable value. If additional amounts are recovered, additional
contract revenue would be recognized. The current estimated net realizable value on such items as recorded
in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts in the consolidated balance
sheets was $23.1 million and $10.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company
anticipates that the majority of such amounts will be earned as revenue within one year.
During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded revisions in our contract estimates
for certain Construction and Service projects. For individual projects with revisions having a material gross
profit impact, this resulted in 2018 gross profit write downs totaling $16.6 million on fourteen Construction
projects, ten of which were in the Mid-Atlantic region, and $1.7 million on a single Mid-Atlantic Service
project. The Company is pursuing recovery remedies for costs incurred due to delays and disruptions, but is
not currently in a position to recognize any potential recoveries in its financial statements. We also recorded
revisions in 2018 gross profit write ups totaling $3.3 million on six Construction projects and $0.5 million
for one Service project. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded revisions in
contract estimates on two Construction projects resulting in cumulative write downs of $3.0 million and
$1.2 million on a single Service project. Certain operating locations recorded revisions in their contract
estimates on four Construction projects resulting in gross profit write ups totaling $4.7 million and
$0.4 million on a single Service project.
67
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Note 6 — Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following at December 31:
(in thousands)
2018
2017
Land and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
400
$
400
Buildings and leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,022
24,913
32,335
6,102
19,256
25,758
Less: Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(11,808)
(7,840)
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . .
$ 20,527
$17,918
The cost of assets recorded under capital leases was $10.7 million and $7.8 million at December 31,
2018 and 2017, respectively. Accumulated depreciation on these capital leases was $5.4 million and
$4.0 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The depreciation expense from assets recorded
under capital leases is included in depreciation.
Depreciation expense was $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $5.5 million for the
year ended December 31, 2017.
Note 7 — Goodwill and Intangibles
Intangible assets, including goodwill, are comprised of the following:
(in thousands)
December 31, 2018
Amortized intangible assets:
Gross
carrying
amount
Accumulated
amortization
Net
intangible
assets
Backlog – Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Backlog – Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customer Relationships – Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Favorable Leasehold Interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 4,830
880
4,710
530
$(4,830)
(880)
(2,081)
(166)
$ —
—
2,629
364
Total amortized intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,950
(7,957)
2,993
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trade Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total unamortized intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,960
9,960
—
—
9,960
9,960
Total amortized and unamortized assets, excluding
goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$20,910
$(7,957)
$12,953
Goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$10,488
$ — $10,488
68
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Amortized intangible assets:
Gross
carrying
amount
Accumulated
amortization
Net
intangible
assets
Backlog – Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Backlog – Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 4,830
880
Customer Relationships – Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Favorable Leasehold Interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,710
530
Total amortized intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,950
$(4,347)
(880)
(1,359)
(99)
(6,685)
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trade Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total unamortized intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,960
9,960
—
—
$
483
—
3,351
431
4,265
9,960
9,960
Total amortized and unamortized assets, excluding
goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$20,910
$(6,685)
$14,225
Goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$10,488
$ — $10,488
The definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over the period the Company expects to receive the
related economic benefit, which for customer relationships is based upon estimated future net cash inflows.
The Company has previously determined that its trade name has an indefinite useful life. The Limbach
trade name has been in existence since the Company’s founding in 1901 and therefore is an established
brand within the industry.
Total amortization expense for these amortizable intangible assets was $1.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 and $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Due to the Company’s
significant additional project write downs recorded during the quarter ended September 30, 2018
representing a triggering event, management performed an impairment test for goodwill and indefinite-lived
intangible assets. Based on the results of the analysis, the fair value of both the Construction and Service
reporting units exceeded their respective carrying amounts. This resulted in no impairment charge for the
quarter ended September 30, 2018. Management updated its annual assessment of goodwill and intangible
assets as of December 31, 2018 due to the Company’s consolidated book value exceeding its market
capitalization and concluded that there was no impairment to its goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible
asset. Similarly, no impairment charge was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2018. Management’s
analyses resulted in estimated fair values of 21% and 120% greater than the segment level book values at
December 31, 2018 for the Construction and Service segments, respectively.
The estimated remaining useful lives of definite-lived intangible assets are as follows:
Asset
Amortization Method
Customer Relationships – Service
Pattern of economic benefit
Favorable Leasehold Interests
Straight line
Estimated Remaining
Useful Life
12.0 Years
10.17 Years
69
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Estimated amortization expense is as follows for the years ending December 31:
(in thousands)
Estimated
Amortization
Expense
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 642
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2024 and thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
525
431
357
245
793
Total
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$2,993
Note 8 — Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are comprised of the following as of December 31:
(in thousands)
2018
2017
Accrued payroll and related liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued bonus and commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued insurance liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued job costs
Bank overdraft
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 5,146
342
1,060
10,783
1,334
32,578
2,558
$ 5,430
4,542
1,005
9,818
7,780
328
2,022
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$53,801
$30,925
Note 9 — Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following obligations as of December 31:
plus interest through April 2019(1)
(in thousands)
Credit Agreement – revolver(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge Term Loan – term loan payable in quarterly installments of principal,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credit Agreement – term loan payable in quarterly installments of principal,
plus interest through March, 2020(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital leases – collateralized by vehicles, payable in monthly installments of
principal, plus interest ranging from 4.95% to 6.1% through 2023 . . . . . . .
Total debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less – Current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less – Debt issuance costs
2018
2017
$ — $ 5,658
7,736
—
14,335
17,635
5,145
3,830
27,216
(3,141)
(461)
27,123
(6,358)
(209)
Long-term debt
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$23,614
$20,556
(1) Subsequent to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, the Company entered into the Refinancing
Agreements (as defined below) and used the net proceeds to repay its existing indebtedness under the
Credit Agreement.
70
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Maturities of long-term debt and capital leases at December 31, 2018, as adjusted for the 2019
Refinancing Agreement, are as follows:
(in thousands)
Year ending
December 31
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 3,141
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,560
5,061
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,444
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Total
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$27,216
Credit Agreement
Effective July 20, 2016, a subsidiary of the Company, Limbach Facility Services LLC (“LFS”) entered
into the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement consisted of a $25.0 million revolving line of credit
(“Credit Agreement Revolver”) and a $24.0 million term loan (“Credit Agreement Term Loan”), both with
a maturity date of July 20, 2021. It was collateralized by substantially all of the assets of LFS and its
subsidiaries. Principal payments of $750,000 on the term loan were due quarterly through June 30, 2018.
Principal payments of $900,000 were due at the end of subsequent quarters through maturity of the loan,
with any remaining amounts due at maturity. Outstanding borrowings on both the term loan and the
revolving line of credit bore interest at either the Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or LIBOR
(as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus the applicable additional margin, payable monthly. At
December 31, 2018, the interest rates in effect were 6.62% on the Credit Agreement Term Loan and 8.12%
on the Bridge Term Loan (as defined below). There were no outstanding borrowings on the Credit
Agreement Revolver at December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2017, the interest rates in effect were 5.62% on
the Credit Agreement Term Loan and 7.50% on the Credit Agreement Revolver. There was no Bridge Term
Loan in 2017.
Mandatory prepayments were required upon the occurrence of certain events, including, among other
things and subject to certain exceptions, equity issuances, changes of control of the Company, certain debt
issuances, assets sales and excess cash flow. Commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, the
Company was required to remit an amount equal to 50% of the excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit
Agreement) of the Company, which percentage was reduced based on the Senior Leverage Ratio (as defined
therein). As a result of this provision, the Company remitted to the lenders under the Credit Agreement an
excess cash flow payment of $1.2 million on May 1, 2018. This amount was classified as a current portion
of long-term debt at December 31, 2017. The Company could voluntarily prepay the loans at any time
subject to the limitations set forth in the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement included restrictions on, among other things and subject to certain exceptions,
the Company and its subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other
distributions, redeem or purchase capital stock, make investments and loans and enter into certain
transactions, including selling assets, engaging in mergers or acquisitions and entering into transactions
with affiliates.
On January 12, 2018, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Second Amendment and Limited Waiver to
the Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party thereto and
Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent. The Second Amendment and Limited Waiver provided for a new
term loan under the Credit Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of $10.0 million (the “Bridge
Term Loan”) the proceeds of which were used to repurchase the Company’s remaining 280,000 shares of
Class A Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $9.1 million plus accrued but unpaid dividends
of $0.9 million.
71
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Loans under the Credit Agreement bore interest, at the Borrower’s option, at either Adjusted LIBOR
(“Eurodollar”) or a Base Rate, in each case, plus an applicable margin. With respect to the Bridge Term
Loan, from January 12, 2018 to, but excluding, July 12, 2018 (the six-month anniversary of the loan), the
applicable margin with respect to any Base Rate loans was 4.00% per annum and with respect to any
Eurodollar loan was 5.00% per annum. From July 12, 2018 to, but excluding, the 12-month anniversary
thereof, the applicable margin with respect to any Base Rate loan was 4.50% per annum and with respect to
any Eurodollar loan was 5.50% per annum. From the 12-month anniversary of January 12, 2018 and all
times thereafter, the applicable margin with respect to any Base Rate loan was 5.00% per annum and with
respect to a Eurodollar loan was 6.00% per annum.
The borrower was required to make principal payments on the Bridge Term Loan in the amount of
$250,000 on the last business day of March, June, September and December of each year, commencing on
March 31, 2018. The Bridge Term Loan was to mature on April 12, 2019. However, the balance was
refinanced under the 2019 Refinancing Agreements prior to maturity. The Bridge Term Loan was
guaranteed by the same Guarantors and secured (on a pari passu basis) by the same Collateral as the loans
under the Credit Agreement.
On March 21, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Third Amendment to Credit
Agreement (the “Third Amendment”) with the lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as
administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Third Amendment provided for an increase in the amount that
could be drawn against the Credit Agreement Revolver for the issuances of letters of credit from
$5.0 million to $8.0 million, modified the definition of EBITDA to include certain one-time costs and
non-cash charges and joined the Company as a guarantor under the Credit Agreement and related loan
documents.
On May 15, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Fourth Amendment to Credit
Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Fourth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party
thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Fourth Amendment and Limited
Waiver amended the existing covenants of the Credit Agreement to include additional information
covenants, such as work in process reports and monthly cash flow schedules. In addition, the Fourth
Amendment and Limited Waiver required a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.15 for the fiscal
quarter ended June 30, 2018.
On August 13, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into the Fifth Amendment to Credit
Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Fifth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders party
thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer. The Fifth Amendment and Limited
Waiver amended the existing covenants of the Credit Agreement and required the Company to engage a
consultant for the purposes of making recommendations as to methods of the Company’s corporate and
Mid-Atlantic’s operations and controls. In addition, the Fifth Amendment and Limited Waiver required a
fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.15 for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 and not less
than 1.25 at all times thereafter.
During the third quarter of 2018, the Company was not in compliance with the then existing debt
covenants. As a result of these violations, the lenders requested that the Company seek alternative
financing. On November 30, 2018, the Company, LFS and LHLLC entered into a Sixth Amendment to
Credit Agreement and Limited Waiver (the “Sixth Amendment and Limited Waiver”) with the lenders
party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as administrative agent and L/C Issuer pursuant to which the
administrative agent and certain lenders thereto agreed to a waiver of the Company’s non-compliance with
the senior leverage and fixed charge coverage ratio requirements under the Credit Agreement. In addition,
the Sixth Amendment and Limited Waiver amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things,
(i) reduce the Lenders’ $25.0 million commitment under the Company’s Credit Agreement Revolver to
$22.5 million on December 31, 2018 and $20.0 million on January 31, 2019, (ii) accelerate the maturity date
72
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
for the Credit Agreement revolver and the Credit Agreement Term Loan facility from July 20, 2021 to
March 31, 2020, and (iii) require that certain actions be taken in connection with the refinancing of the
Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement by certain scheduled dates.
The Credit Agreement, as amended, required the Company to comply with certain financial
performance covenants including the following: (1) a minimum EBITDA of $6.5 million for the fourth
quarter of 2018, (2) a fixed charge coverage ratio not less than 1.10 for each fiscal quarter ending on or
after March 31, 2019 (which was decreased from 1.15 for the fiscal quarters ending on June 30, 2018
through December 31, 2018) and (3) unfinanced capital expenditures not to exceed $1.0 million for each
fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019, and September 30, 2019; no unfinanced capital
expenditures for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2019 and total unfinanced capital expenditures not
to exceed $3.0 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019; and no unfinanced capital expenditures
where the Company fails to achieve the required fixed charge coverage ratio for such date.
As a result of the reduction of the Credit Agreement Revolver commitment, the Company recognized
a loss of $0.3 million related to the write-off of Credit Agreement Revolver debt issuance costs in the fourth
quarter of 2018.
The equity interests of the Company’s subsidiaries were pledged as security for the obligations under
the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement included customary events of default, including, among other
items, payment defaults, cross-defaults to other indebtedness, a change of control default and events of
default with respect to certain material agreements. Additionally, with respect to the Company, an event of
default was deemed to have occurred if the Company’s securities ceased to be registered with the SEC
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act. In case of an event of default, the administrative agent was
entitled to, among other things, accelerated payment of amounts due under the Credit Agreement, foreclose
on the equity of the Company’s subsidiaries, and exercise all rights of a secured creditor on behalf of the
lenders.
As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with the financial and other covenants
related to the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2018, there was $22.5 million of available capacity
under the line of credit, $14.3 million outstanding under the Credit Agreement Term Loan and $7.7 million
outstanding under the Bridge Term Loan provided by the Credit Agreement. In addition, at December 31,
2018, the Company had irrevocable letters of credit in the amount of $3.4 million with its lender to secure
obligations under its self-insurance program as compared to $3.5 million at December 31, 2017.
The additional margin applied to both the Credit Agreement revolver and Credit Agreement term loan
is determined based on levels achieved under the Company’s senior leverage ratio covenant, which reflects
the ratio of indebtedness divided by EBITDA for the most recently ended four quarters.
The following is a summary of the additional margin and commitment fees payable on the available
revolving credit commitment:
Level
I
II
III
IV
Senior Leverage Ratio
Additional Margin for
Base Rate loans
Additional Margin for
Libor Rate loans
Commitment
Fee
Greater than or equal to 2.50 to 1.00
Less than 2.50 to 1.00, but greater than or
equal to 2.00 to 1.00
Less than 2.00 to 1.00, but greater than or
equal to 1.50 to 1.00
Less than 1.50 to 1.00
3.00%
2.75%
2.50%
2.25%
4.00%
3.75%
3.50%
3.25%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
The Company had $19.1 million of availability under its Credit Agreement Revolver at December 31,
2018.
73
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
2019 Refinancing Agreement
On April 12, 2019 (the “Refinancing Closing Date”), LFS entered into a financing agreement (the
“2019 Refinancing Agreement”) with the lenders thereto and Cortland Capital Market Services LLC, as
collateral agent and administrative agent and CB Agent Services LLC, as origination agent (“CB”). The
2019 Refinancing Agreement consists of (i) a $40.0 million term loan (the “2019 Refinancing Term Loan”)
and (ii) a new $25.0 million multi-draw delayed draw term loan (the “2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan” and,
collectively with the 2019 Refinancing Term Loan, the “2019 Term Loans”). Proceeds from the 2019
Refinancing Term Loan were used to repay the then existing Credit Agreement, to pay related fees and
expenses thereof and to fund working capital of the Borrowers (defined below). Proceeds of the 2019
Delayed Draw Term Loan will be used to fund permitted acquisitions under the 2019 Refinancing
Agreement and related fees and expenses in connection therewith.
LFS, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and each of its subsidiaries are borrowers
(“Borrowers”) under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement. In addition, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement is
guaranteed by the Company and LHLLC (each, a “Guarantor”, and together with the Borrowers, the
“Loan Parties”).
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement is secured by a first-priority lien on the real property of the Loan
Parties and a second-priority lien on substantially all other assets of the Loan Parties, behind the 2019 ABL
Credit Agreement (defined below). The respective lien priorities of the 2019 Refinancing Agreement and
the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement are governed by an intercreditor agreement.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — Interest Rates and Fees
The interest rate on borrowings under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement is, at the Borrowers’ option,
either LIBOR (with a 2.00% floor) plus 8.00% or a base rate (with a 3.00% minimum) plus 7.00%.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — Other Terms and Conditions
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement matures on April 12, 2023 subject to adjustment as described
therein. Required amortization is $1.0 million per quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ending
September 30, 2020. There is an unused line fee of 2.0% per annum on the undrawn portion of the 2019
Delayed Draw Term Loan, and there is a make-whole premium on prepayments made prior to the
19-month anniversary of the Refinancing Closing Date.
The 2019 Refinancing Agreement contains representations and warranties, and covenants which are
customary for debt facilities of this type. Unless the Required Lenders otherwise consent in writing, the
covenants limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things, (i) incur
additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make distributions to the Company’s
stockholders, (iii) purchase or redeem the Company’s equity interests, (iv) make investments, (v) create liens
on their assets, (vi) enter into transactions with the Company’s affiliates, (vii) sell assets and (viii) merge or
consolidate with, or dispose of substantially all of the Company’s assets to, other companies.
In addition, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement includes customary events of default and other
provisions that could require all amounts due thereunder to become immediately due and payable, either
automatically or at the option of the lenders, if the Company fails to comply with the terms of the 2019
Refinancing Agreement or if other customary events occur.
Furthermore, the 2019 Refinancing Agreement also contains two financial maintenance covenants for
the 2019 Refinancing Term Loan, including a requirement to have sufficient collateral coverage of the
aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2019 Term Loans and for the total leverage ratio of the
Company and its Subsidiaries not to exceed an amount beginning at 4.25 to 1.00 through June 30, 2019,
and stepping down to 2.00 to 1.00 effective July 1, 2021. The 2019 Refinancing Agreement contains a
post-closing covenant requiring the remediation of the Company’s material weakness as described in
74
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Item 9A no later than December 31, 2020 and to provide updates as to the progress of such remediation,
provided that, if such remediation has not been completed on or prior to December 31, 2019, (x) the
Company shall be required to pay the post-closing fee pursuant to the terms of the Origination Agent Fee
Letter and (y) the applicable margin shall be increased by 1.00% per annum for the period from January 1,
2020 until the date at which the material weakness is no longer disclosed or required to be disclosed in the
Company’s SEC filings or audited financial statements of the Company or related auditor’s reports.
2019 Refinancing Agreement — CB Warrants
In connection with the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, on the Refinancing Closing Date, the Company
issued to CB and the other lenders under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement warrants (the “CB Warrants”) to
purchase up to a maximum of 263,314 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.63
per share subject to certain adjustments, including for stock dividends, stock splits or reclassifications. The
actual number of shares of common stock into which the CB Warrants will be exercisable at any given time
will be equal to: (i) the product of (x) the number of shares equal to 2% of the Company’s issued and
outstanding shares of common stock on the Refinancing Closing Date on a fully diluted basis and
(y) the percentage of the total 2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan made as of the exercise date, minus (ii) the
number of shares previously issued under the CB Warrants. As of the Refinancing Closing Date, no
amounts had been drawn on the 2019 Delayed Draw Term Loan, so no portion of the CB Warrants were
exercisable. The CB Warrants may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless basis,” subject to certain
adjustments, at any time after the Refinancing Closing Date until the expiration of such warrant at
5:00 p.m., New York time, on the earlier of (i) the five (5) year anniversary of the Refinancing Closing Date,
or (ii) the liquidation of the Company.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement
On the Refinancing Closing Date, LFS also entered into a financing agreement with the lenders thereto
and Citizens Bank, N.A., as collateral agent, administrative agent and origination agent (the “2019 ABL
Credit Agreement” and, together with the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, the “Refinancing Agreements”).
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement consists of a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2019 Revolving
Credit Facility”). Proceeds of the 2019 Revolving Credit Facility may be used for general corporate
purposes. Upon the Refinancing Closing Date, the Company had nothing drawn on the ABL Credit
Agreement and $15.0 million of available borrowing capacity thereunder.
The Borrowers and Guarantors under the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement are the same as under the 2019
Refinancing Agreement.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement is secured by a second-priority lien on the real property of the Loan
Parties (behind the 2019 Refinancing Agreement) and a first-priority lien on substantially all other assets of
the Loan Parties.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement — Interest Rates and Fees
The interest rate on borrowings under the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement is, at the Borrowers’ option,
either LIBOR (with a 2.0% floor) plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.00% to 3.50% or a base rate
(with a 3.0% minimum) plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.00% to 2.50%.
2019 ABL Credit Agreement — Other Terms and Conditions
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement matures on April 12, 2022. There is an unused line fee ranging from
0.250% to 0.375% per annum on undrawn amounts.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement contains representations and warranties, and covenants which are
customary for debt facilities of this type. Unless the Required Lenders otherwise consent in writing, the
covenants limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things, to (i) incur
75
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make distributions to the Company’s
stockholders, (iii) purchase or redeem the Company’s equity interests, (iv) make investments, (v) create liens
on their assets, (vi) enter into transactions with the Company’s affiliates, (vii) sell assets and (viii) merge or
consolidate with, or dispose of substantially all of the Company’s assets to, other companies.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement includes customary events of default and other provisions that could
require all amounts due thereunder to become immediately due and payable, either automatically or at the
option of the lenders, if the Company fails to comply with the terms of the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement or
if other customary events occur.
The 2019 ABL Credit Agreement also contains a financial maintenance covenant for the 2019
Revolving Credit Facility, which is a requirement for the total leverage ratio of the Company and its
Subsidiaries not to exceed an amount beginning at 4.00 to 1.00 through June 30, 2019, and stepping down
to 1.75 to 1.00 effective July 1, 2021.
Note 10 — Equity
The Company’s second amended and restated certificate of incorporation currently authorizes the
issuance of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred
stock, par value $0.0001.
At December 31, 2018, the Company had outstanding warrants exercisable for 4,576,799 shares of
common stock, consisting of: (i) 4,600,000 Public Warrants; (ii) 198,000 warrants, each exercisable for
one-half of one share of common stock at an exercise price of $5.75 per half share ($11.50 per whole share)
(“Sponsor Warrants”); (iii) 600,000 warrants, each exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise
price of $15.00 per share (“$15 Exercise Price Warrants”); (iv) 631,119 warrants, each exercisable for one
share of common stock at an exercise price of $12.50 per share (“Merger Warrants”); and (v) 946,680
warrants, each exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
(“Additional Merger Warrants”).
At December 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding warrants exercisable for 4,659,472 shares of
common stock, consisting of: (i) 4,600,000 Public Warrants; (ii) 198,000 warrants, each exercisable for
one-half of one share of common stock at an exercise price of $5.75 per half share ($11.50 per whole share)
(“Sponsor Warrants”); (iii) 600,000 warrants, each exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise
price of $15.00 per share (“$15 Exercise Price Warrants”); (iv) 664,188 warrants, each exercisable for one
share of common stock at an exercise price of $12.50 per share (“Merger Warrants”); and (v) 996,284
warrants, each exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
(“Additional Merger Warrants”).
The Public Warrants, Sponsor Warrants and $15 Exercise Price Warrants were issued under a warrant
agreement dated July 15, 2014, between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent,
and the Company. The Merger Warrants and Additional Merger Warrants were issued to the sellers of
LHLLC.
On July 21, 2014, a total of 300,000 Unit Purchase Options (“UPOs”) were issued by 1347 Capital to a
representative of the underwriter and its designees. On December 7, 2016, the Company issued 121,173
shares of common stock in connection with the cashless exercise of 282,900 of these UPOs. At
December 31, 2018 and 2017, a total of 17,100 UPOs remained outstanding and will be exercisable, either
for cash or on a cashless basis, through July 21, 2019.
On May 2, 2017, the Company issued 111 shares of common stock in connection with the cashless
exercise of 310 Merger Warrants and 465 Additional Merger Warrants.
In 2018, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company granted an
aggregate of 142,881 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under the Limbach Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Incentive
Plan (the “2016 Plan”) to certain executive officers, non-executive employees and non-employee directors of
76
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
the Company in the form of an annual ongoing long-term incentive RSU award (the “2018 Ongoing LTI
RSU Award”), and an ongoing RSU award to non-employee directors (“2018 Ongoing Director RSU
Award”). A total of 800,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were authorized and reserved for
issuance under this plan. The 2018 Ongoing LTI RSU Award contains service-based and
performance-based awards. The 2018 Ongoing Director RSU Award only includes service-based grants.
In 2017, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company granted an
aggregate of 439,867 RSUs under the 2016 Plan to certain executive officers, non-executive employees and
non-employee directors of the Company in the forms of an inaugural RSU award to executives (the “2017
Inaugural RSU Award”), an annual long-term incentive RSU award (the “2017 LTI RSU Award”), and an
RSU award to non-employee directors (“2017 Director RSU Award”). The 2017 Inaugural RSU Award
contains service-based and market-based awards; and the 2017 LTI RSU Award contains service-based and
performance-based awards. The 2017 Director RSU Award only includes service based-grants.
On November 1, 2017, the Company issued 696 shares of common stock in connection with the
cashless exercise of 2,172 Merger Warrants and 3,257 Additional Merger Warrants.
On January 8, 2018, the Company issued 10,627 shares of common stock in connection with the
cashless exercise of 33,069 Merger Warrants and 49,604 Additional Merger Warrants.
On or about February 27, 2018, the Company issued 23,225 shares of common stock in connection
with the vesting of service-based RSU awards under the Limbach Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan
(the “2016 Plan”).
On March 15, 2018, the Company issued 4,264 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting
of service-based RSU awards under the 2016 Plan.
On August 3, 2018, the Company issued 48,529 shares of common stock in connection with the vesting
of service-based RSU awards under the 2016 Plan.
On December 11, 2018, the Company issued 2,133 shares of common stock in conjunction with the
accelerated vesting of RSUs upon the resignation of one of the Company’s directors.
Note 11 — Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
In connection with the Business Combination, the Company issued 400,000 shares of Class A
preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) on July 20, 2016. Each share of Preferred Stock was convertible (at
the holder’s election) into two shares of the Company’s common stock (as may be adjusted for any stock
splits, reverse stock splits or similar transactions), representing a conversion price of $12.50 per share;
provided, that such conversion was in compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements. The Preferred Stock
ranked senior to all classes and series of outstanding capital stock. The Company agreed to not issue any
other shares of capital stock that ranked senior or pari passu to the Preferred Stock while the Preferred
Stock was outstanding, unless at least 30% of the proceeds from such issuance were used to redeem
Preferred Stock. The holders of the Preferred Stock were, in priority to any other class or series of capital
stock, entitled to receive, as and when declared by the board of directors fixed, cumulative, preferential
dividends at a rate of: (i) 8% per annum in years one through three from issuance; (ii) 10% per annum
in years four through five from issuance; and (iii) 12% per annum thereafter, payable in equal quarterly
installments. Dividends on outstanding Preferred Stock accrued day to day from the date of issuance of the
Preferred Stock. No dividends in excess of the accrued and unpaid preferred yield in respect of the
Preferred Stock were permitted.
On July 14, 2017, the Company entered into the Preferred Stock Repurchase Agreement with 1347
Investors pursuant to which (a) the Company repurchased from 1347 Investors a total of 120,000 shares of
the Preferred Stock for an aggregate sum of $4.1 million in cash, (b) for a period of six months after such
repurchase, the Company had the right to repurchase from 1347 Investors, in one or more transactions, all
77
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
or a portion of the remaining 280,000 shares of Preferred Stock owned by 1347 Investors for a purchase
price equal to 130% of the liquidation value per share plus 130% of any and all accrued but unpaid
dividends thereon as of the date of closing of the purchase of such shares and (c) 1347 Investors would not,
with respect to the 509,500 shares of common stock held in escrow pursuant to its lock-up arrangement
that expired on July 20, 2017, sell or otherwise transfer such shares of common stock during the period
from such expiration through October 20, 2017.
This repurchase was funded through permitted borrowings under the Company’s Credit Agreement
revolving credit facility and closed on July 14, 2017. The Company retired the repurchased shares.
Through June 30, 2017, dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock were reflected as an
increase to accumulated deficit. During the year ended December 31, 2017, a reclassification of
approximately $0.4 million was made to reflect cumulative dividends as a decrease to additional paid-in
capital given the Company’s accumulated deficit position. There was no impact to historically reported net
income, earnings per share or its statement of cash flows.
As discussed in Note 9 — Debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, on January 12,
2018, the Company exercised its repurchase right with respect to the remaining 280,000 shares of Preferred
Stock using the proceeds from the Bridge Term Loan for an aggregate purchase price of $10.0 million,
including a $2.2 million premium and accrued but unpaid dividends of $0.9 million, pursuant to the
Preferred Stock Repurchase Agreement. The Company also retired these repurchased shares.
Note 12 — Income Taxes
The Company is taxed as a C Corporation. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and JOBS Act
(the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Reform Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate
income tax regime by, among other things, lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective
January 1, 2018. U.S. GAAP requires that the impact of tax legislation be recognized in the period in which
the law was enacted. As a result of the Tax Reform Act, the Company recorded a tax expense of
$1.7 million in 2017 due to a remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities.
On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB 118”), which provides
guidance on accounting for tax effects of the Tax Reform Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period
that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Reform Act enactment date for companies to
complete the accounting under ASC Topic 740 — Income Taxes. In accordance with SAB 118, a company
must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the Tax Reform Act for which the accounting under
ASC Topic 740 — Income Taxes is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income
tax effects of the Tax Reform Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must
record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. As of December 31, 2017, the
Company had recorded its best estimate for the remeasurement of the deferred tax assets and liabilities. As
of December 31, 2018, management recorded immaterial true-up adjustments to its year-end 2017
provisional estimates and believes that its income tax provision reflects guidance issued by the Internal
Revenue Service.
78
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for 2018 and 2017 consists of the following:
(in thousands)
Current tax provision
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
U.S. Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local
Total current tax provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred tax provision (benefit)
U.S. Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local
Total deferred tax provision (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision (benefit) for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 16
94
110
(421)
(324)
(745)
$(635)
$1,796
752
2,548
832
(229)
603
$3,151
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considered whether it is more likely
than not that some portion or all deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of
deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which
those temporary differences become deductible. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the
Company considered both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the
deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2018, the Company achieved three years of cumulative pre-tax
income after considering permanent items and is forecasting future taxable income. After giving
consideration to these factors, management concluded that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax
assets would be fully realized, and as a result, no valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets was
deemed necessary at December 31, 2018 and 2017.
The components of deferred tax assets (liabilities) were as follows:
(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
As of
December 31,
2018
As of
December 31,
2017
Accrued expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goodwill
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Startup costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deferred rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net operating losses and credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total deferred tax assets
$
231
64
1,186
3,613
112
184
300
566
1,434
329
8,019
$
818
62
1,219
4,124
122
119
—
269
—
—
6,733
Deferred tax liabilities:
Fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net deferred tax asset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(3,610)
—
(3,610)
$ 4,409
(3,050)
(19)
(3,069)
$ 3,664
79
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
At December 31, 2018, the Company had tax-effected federal net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $1.2 million which can be carried forward indefinitely. At December 31, 2017, there were no
net operating loss carryforwards.
The Company performed an analysis of its tax positions and determined that no material uncertain tax
positions exist. Accordingly, there is no liability for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2018 and
2017. Based on the provisions of ASC Topic 740 — Income Taxes, the Company had no material
unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.
A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as
follows:
Federal statutory income tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State income taxes, net of federal tax effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in federal tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock based compensation – restricted stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Return to provision adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effective tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2018
21.0%
5.5%
—%
-1.2%
7.3%
-12.4%
5.2%
0.2%
25.6%
December 31,
2017
34.0%
4.6%
43.2%
—
—
-0.2%
-3.5%
3.5%
81.6%
Note 13 — Operating Segments
The Company determined its operating segments on the same basis that it assesses performance and
makes operating decisions. The Company manages and measures the performance of its business in two
distinct operating segments: Construction and Service. These segments are reflective of how the Company’s
Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews operating results for the purposes of allocating
resources and assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is comprised of its Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officers.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant
accounting policies. The CODM evaluates performance based on income from operations of the respective
branches after the allocation of Corporate office operating expenses. In accordance with ASC
Topic 280 — Segment Reporting, the Company has elected to aggregate all of the construction branches
into one Construction reportable segment and all of the service branches into one Service reportable
segment. All transactions between segments are eliminated in consolidation. Our Corporate departments
provide general and administrative support services to our two operating segments. The CODM allocates
costs between segments for selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation expense.
All of the Company’s identifiable assets are located in the United States, which is where the Company
is domiciled. The Company does not have sales outside of the United States. The Company had a single
Construction segment customer that accounted for approximately 18% of consolidated total revenues for
the year ended December 31, 2018 and another single Construction segment customer that accounted for
approximately 15% of consolidated total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017.
The Company does not identify capital expenditures and total assets by segment in its internal financial
reports due in part to the shared use of a centralized fleet of vehicles and specialized equipment. Interest
expense is not allocated to segments because of the corporate management of debt service including
interest.
80
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Segment information for the periods presented is as follows:
(in thousands)
Statement of Operations Data:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Revenue:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$438,229
108,297
546,526
$391,364
94,375
485,739
Gross profit:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating income for reportable segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36,721
22,710
59,431
27,307
15,003
14,779
57,089
1,272
1,070
1,070
$
$
Less Unallocated amounts:
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on debt modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain (loss) on sale of property and equipment
Total unallocated amounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total consolidated income (loss) before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(3,305)
(335)
90
(3,550)
$ (2,480)
Other Data:
Depreciation and amortization:
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
$
2,812
749
2,122
5,683
44,790
20,833
65,623
25,764
13,888
16,371
56,023
3,582
6,018
6,018
(2,034)
—
(121)
(2,155)
3,863
3,304
1,496
4,318
9,118
$
$
$
$
$
Note 14 — Commitments and Contingencies
Leases. Operating leases consist primarily of leases for real property and equipment. These leases
frequently include renewal options, escalation clauses, and require the Company to pay certain occupancy
expenses. Lease expense was $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 and $4.3 million for the
year ended December 31, 2017.
Capital leases consist primarily of leases for vehicles (see Note 9 — Debt in the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements). The leases are collateralized by the vehicles and require monthly payments of
principal and interest. All leases transfer title at lease end for a nominal cash buyout.
81
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
The approximate future minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases
are as follows as of December 31, 2018:
Year ending December 31:
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total minimum lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital
Leases
$2,270
1,781
1,214
600
12
—
5,877
Operating
Leases
$ 4,323
4,193
4,203
4,140
2,803
5,411
$25,073
Amounts representing interest
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Present value of net minimum lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(732)
$5,145
Legal. The Company is continually engaged in administrative proceedings, arbitrations, and litigation
with owners, general contractors, suppliers, and other unrelated parties, all arising in the ordinary courses of
business. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the results of these actions will not have a material
adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.
LFS and Harper, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, are parties to a lawsuit involving a
Harper employee who was alleged to be in the course and scope of his employment at the time the personal
car he was operating collided with another car causing injuries to three persons and one fatality. During the
course of the litigation, the plaintiffs made settlement demands within LFS and Harper’s insurance
coverage limits. On or about October 12, 2018, the plaintiffs agreed to settle and dismiss the lawsuit in
exchange for an aggregate payment of $30.0 million from LFS and Harper, which amounts will be paid
entirely by the Company’s insurance carriers. The Company will not have any monetary exposure. The
$30.0 million amounts due from the Company’s insurance carriers and due to the plaintiffs have been
included in the captions labeled as Other current assets and Accrued expenses and other current liabilities,
respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018 and were subsequently paid in
February 2019. See also Note 20 — Subsequent Events in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Surety. The terms of our construction contracts frequently require that we obtain from surety
companies, and provide to our customers, payment and performance bonds (“Surety Bonds”) as a
condition to the award of such contracts. The Surety Bonds secure our payment and performance
obligations under such contracts, and we have agreed to indemnify the surety companies for amounts, if
any, paid by them in respect of Surety Bonds issued on our behalf. In addition, at the request of labor
unions representing certain of our employees, Surety Bonds are sometimes provided to secure obligations
for wages and benefits payable to or for such employees. Public sector contracts require Surety Bonds more
frequently than private sector contracts, and accordingly, our bonding requirements typically increase as the
amount of public sector work increases. As of December 31, 2018, we had approximately $134.2 million in
Surety Bonds outstanding. The Surety Bonds are issued by surety companies in return for premiums, which
vary depending on the size and type of bond.
Collective Bargaining Agreements. Many of the Company’s craft labor employees are covered by
collective bargaining agreements. The agreements require the Company to pay specified wages, provide
certain benefits, and contribute certain amounts to multi-employer pension plans. If the Company
withdraws from any of the multi-employer pension plans or if the plans were to otherwise become
underfunded, the Company could incur additional liabilities related to these plans. Although the Company
82
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
has been informed that some of the multi-employer pension plans to which it contributes have been
classified as “critical” status, the Company is not currently aware of any significant liabilities related to this
issue. See Note 18 — Multiemployer Pension Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for
further discussion.
Note 15 — Self-Insurance
The Company purchases workers’ compensation and general liability insurance under policies with
per-incident deductibles of $250 thousand and a maximum aggregate deductible loss limit of $3.7 million
per year.
The components of the self-insurance as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are as follows:
(in thousands)
December 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
Current liability – workers’ compensation and general liability . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current liability – medical and dental
Non-current liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$ 352
607
820
$1,779
$ 113
$ 408
508
412
$1,328
$ 113
The restricted cash balance represents an imprest cash balance set aside for the funding of workers’
compensation and general liability insurance claims. This amount is replenished either when depleted or at
the beginning of each month.
Note 16 — Retirement Plan
The Company maintains a 401(k) plan for eligible, participating employees. The Company contributes
an amount equal to 100% of an employee’s salary reduction contributions up to 4% of such employee’s
compensation in a given year, as defined by the plan and subject to IRS limitations. The Company’s
mandatory contributions were $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, as compared to
$1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The Company may make a discretionary profit sharing
contribution to the 401(k) plan in accordance with plan provisions. The Company has full discretion to
determine whether to make such a contribution, and the amount of such contribution. In order to share in
the profit sharing contribution, employees must have satisfied the 401(k) Plan’s eligibility requirements and
be employed on the last day of the year. Employees are not required to contribute any money to the 401(k)
Plan in order to qualify for the Company profit sharing contribution. Any discretionary profit sharing
contribution would be divided among participants eligible to share in the contribution for the year in the
same proportion that the participant’s pay bears to the total pay of all participants. This means the amount
allocated to each eligible participant’s account would, as a percentage of pay, be the same. No discretionary
profit sharing contributions were made for the years ended December 31, 2018 or 2017.
Note 17 — Backlog (Unaudited)
At December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company’s contractual Construction backlog,
which represents the amount of revenue the Company expects to realize from work to be performed on
uncompleted construction contracts in progress, was $505.5 million and $426.7 million, respectively. In
addition, Service backlog as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $54.2 million and
$34.7 million, respectively.
83
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Note 18 — Multiemployer Pension Plans
The Company participates in approximately 40 multiemployer pension plans (“MEPPs”) that provide
pension benefits to certain union employees in accordance with various collective bargaining agreements
(“CBAs”). As of December 31, 2018, approximately 70% of the Company’s employees are members of
collective bargaining units. As one of many employers who are obligated to contribute to these MEPPs, the
Company is responsible with the other participating employers for any unfunded pension liabilities. The
Company’s contributions to a particular MEPP are established by the applicable CBAs; however, the
Company’s required contributions to a MEPP may increase based on the funded status of the individual
MEPP and the legal requirements of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (the “PPA”), which requires
substantially underfunded MEPPs to implement a funding improvement plan (“FIP”) or a rehabilitation
plan (“RP”) to improve their funded status. Factors that could impact the funded status of a MEPP
include, without limitation, investment performance, changes in participant demographics, a decline in the
number of actively employed covered employees, a decline in the number of contributing employers,
changes in actuarial assumptions and the utilization of extended amortization provisions. If a contributing
employer stops contributing to a MEPP, the unfunded obligations of the MEPP may be borne by the
remaining contributing employers. Assets contributed to an individual MEPP are pooled with contributions
made by other contributing employers; the pooled assets will be used to provide benefits to the Company’s
employees and the employees of the other contributing employers.
A FIP or RP requires a particular MEPP to adopt measures to correct its underfunded status. These
measures may include, but are not limited to an increase in a contributing employer’s contribution rate, or
changes to the benefits paid to retirees. In addition, the PPA requires that a 5% surcharge be levied on
employer contributions for the first year commencing shortly after the date the employer receives notice
that the MEPP is in critical status and a 10% surcharge on each succeeding year until a CBA is in place with
terms and conditions consistent with the RP.
If a MEPP has unfunded pension liabilities, the Company could be obligated to make additional
payments to a MEPP if the Company either ceases to have an obligation to contribute to the MEPP under
a CBA or significantly reduces the Company’s contributions to the MEPP because they reduce the number
of employees who are covered by the relevant MEPP for various reasons, including, but not limited to,
layoffs or closure of a subsidiary. The amount of such payments (known as a complete or partial
withdrawal liability) would equal the Company’s proportionate share of the MEPP’s unfunded vested
benefits. Based on the information available to the Company from the MEPPs, the Company believes that
some of the MEPPs to which they contribute are underfunded and are in “critical” or “endangered” status
as those terms are defined by the PPA. Due to uncertainty regarding future factors that could trigger
withdrawal liability, as well as the absence of specific information regarding the MEPPs’ current financial
situation, the Company is unable to determine (a) the amount and timing of any future withdrawal liability,
if any, and (b) whether the Company’s participation in these MEPPs could have a material adverse impact
on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
The nature and diversity of the Company’s business may result in volatility of the amount of
contributions to a particular MEPP for any given period. That is because, in any given market, the
Company could be working on a significant project and/or projects, which could result in an increase in the
direct labor force and a corresponding increase in contributions to the MEPP(s) dictated by the applicable
CBA. When that particular project(s) finishes and is not replaced, the level of direct labor would also
decrease, as would the level of contributions to the particular MEPP(s). Additionally, the level of
contributions to a particular MEPP could also be affected by the terms of the CBA, which could require at
a particular time, an increase in the contribution rate and/or surcharges.
Total contributions to the various union construction industry MEPP, welfare, training and other
benefits programs in accordance with the CBAs were $43.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018,
as compared to $36.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.
84
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
The following table presents the MEPPs in which the Company participates. Additionally, this table
also lists the PPA Zone Status for MEPPS as the critical status (red zone-less than 65% funded), the
endangered status (yellow-less than 80% funded), the seriously endangered status (orange-less than 80%
funded and projects a credit balance deficit within seven years) or neither critical or endangered status
(green-greater than 80% funded). The zone status represents the most recent available information for the
respective MEPP, which is 2017 for the 2018 year. These dates may not correspond with the Company’s
calendar year contributions. The zone status is based on information received from the MEPPs and is
certified by the MEPPs’ actuaries. The “FIP/RP Status” column indicates MEPPs for which a financial
improvement plan (FIP) or rehabilitation plan (RP) has been adopted or implemented.
Pension Fund
Heating, Piping and Refrigeration Pension
EIN/Pension
Plan Number
PPA Zone Status
2018
2017
FIP/RP
Status
Contributions
(in thousands)
2018
2017
Contributions
greater than
5% of total
contributions
Surcharge
Imposed
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52-1058013/001 Green Green
N/A
1,763
1,296
No
Plumbers Local No 98 Defined Benefit Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-3031916/001 Yellow Red
Implemented
1,480
1,875
Yes
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Plumbers and Pipefitters National Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52-6152779/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,443
1,112
Pipefitters Local 636 Defined Benefit Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-3009873/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,393
1,312
Sheet Metal Workers’ Pension Plan of Southern
California, Arizona and Nevada . . . . . . . 95-6052257/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,392
1,167
Sheet Metal Workers’ National Pension Fund . . 52-6112463/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,283
1,227
Sheet Metal Workers Local Union No. 80
Pension Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-6105633/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,217
2,106
Sheet Metal Workers Local 98 Pension Fund . . 31-6171213/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
1,133
526
Steamfitters Local Union No. 420 Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23-2004424/001 Red
Red
Implemented
902
577
Pipefitters Union Local No. 537 Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-6030859/001 Green Green
Plumbers & Pipefitters Local No 189 Pension
Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-0894807/001 Green Green
N/A
N/A
805
607
637
628
Yes
Plumbers & Pipefitters of Local Union No. 333
Pension Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-3545518/005 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
535
385
Southern California Pipe Trades Retirement
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-6108443/001 Green Green
Electrical Workers Local No. 26 Pension Trust
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52-6117919/001 Green Green
Plumbers Union Local No. 12 Pension . . . . . 04-6023174/001 Green Green
N/A
N/A
N/A
529
426
404
277
242
—
Sheet Metal Workers Local 7, Zone 1 Pension
Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-6234066/001 Yellow Red
Implemented
235
53
Plumbers & Steamfitters Local 577 Pension
Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-6134953/001 Red
Red
Implemented
Plumbers Local Union No. 690 Pension Fund. . 23-6405018/001 Green Green
N/A
Laborers District Council Pension and
Disability Trust Fund No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . 52-0749130/001 Orange Yellow
Implemented
National Electrical Benefit Fund . . . . . . . . . 53-0181657/001 Green Green
Airconditioning and Refrigeration Industry
Retirement Trust Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . 95-6035386/001 Green Green
Plumbers and Steamfitters Local 486 Pension
Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52-6124449/001 Green Green
Steamfitters Local #449 Pension Plan . . . . . . 25-6032401/001 Green Green
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
194
163
119
110
93
93
38
165
272
56
91
118
65
200
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
85
Expiration
date of
CBA
Jul-19
May-19
Ranging from
May-19 – Aug-26
May-22
Jun-20
Ranging from
Jun-19 – May-23
May-21
May-23
May-20
Aug-21
May-19
May-21
Aug-26
May-21
Aug-21
Apr-20
May-23
Apr-19
Oct-21
May-21
Aug-19
Dec-19
May-23
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Yes
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
No
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Pension Fund
EIN/Pension
Plan Number
PPA Zone Status
2018
2017
FIP/RP
Status
Contributions
(in thousands)
2018
2017
Contributions
greater than
5% of total
contributions
Surcharge
Imposed
United Association Local Union No. 322
Pension Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-6016638/001 Red
Red
Implemented
Sheet Metal Workers Local 224 Pension Fund. . 31-6171353/001 Yellow Yellow
Implemented
Plumbers Local 27 Pension Fund . . . . . . . . 25-6034928/001 Green Green
N/A
All other plans (12 as of December 31, 2018) . .
26
19
18
75
56
58
138
329
No
No
No
Yes
N/A
N/A
Expiration
date of
CBA
Apr-22
May-20
May-23
Total Contributions 16,439 15,024
Note 19 — Management Incentive Plans
Upon approval of the Business Combination, the Company adopted the Limbach Holdings, Inc.
Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). Certain employees, directors and consultants will be eligible to
be granted awards under the 2016 Plan, other than incentive stock options, which may be granted only to
employees. The Company has reserved 800,000 shares of its common stock for issuance under the 2016
Plan. The number of shares issued or reserved pursuant to the 2016 Plan will be adjusted by the plan
administrator, as they deem appropriate and equitable, as a result of stock splits, stock dividends, and
similar changes in the Company’s common stock. In connection with the grant of an award, the plan
administrator may provide for the treatment of such award in the event of a change in control. All awards
are made in the form of shares only.
Service-Based Awards
In 2018 and 2017, the Company granted 81,574 and 226,867 service-based restricted stock units
(“RSUs), respectively, to its executives, certain employees, and non-employee directors under the 2016 Plan.
The following table summarizes our service-based RSU activity for the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017:
Unvested at January 1, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Awards
—
226,867
(49,902)
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
Unvested at December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
176,965
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81,574
(77,084)
(8,368)
Unvested at December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
173,087
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Values
—
$13.25
13.25
—
$13.25
$13.37
13.25
13.32
$13.30
Performance-Based Awards
In 2018 and 2017, the Company granted 61,307 and 66,500 performance-based restricted stock units
(“PRSUs”), respectively, to its executives and certain employees under the 2016 Plan. The vesting of the
2017 PRSUs is contingent upon the Company’s achievement of certain predetermined adjusted EBITDA,
EPS growth and EBITDA margin performance goals over the 3-year period commencing on January 1,
2017 and concluding on December 31, 2019. The vesting of the 2018 PRSUs is contingent upon the
86
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Company’s achievement of certain predetermined adjusted EBITDA, EPS growth and EBITDA margin
performance goals over the 3-year period commencing on January 1, 2018 and concluding on December 31,
2020. No PRSUs shall be deemed earned unless the Company meets a minimum performance goal which
requires the Company’s cumulative adjusted EBITDA for the three (3) year performance period to be at
least 80% of the Company’s cumulative adjusted EBITDA target for the performance period. In order for
the PRSUs to be earned, the Company must also achieve a predetermined minimum fully diluted
annualized EPS growth percentage (40% weighting) and an EBITDA margin percentage (60% weighting)
over the performance period. The number of shares ultimately issued could range from 0% to 150%
(Distinguished Performance Level) of the number of PRSUs granted, based on the Company’s achievement
of the performance conditions. Linear interpolation will be applied should performance metrics fall
between the threshold and Distinguished Performance Levels. Any PRSUs earned under this grant will vest
upon the determination by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (“Compensation
Committee”) that the PRSUs have been earned by the participant, subject to the participant’s continuous
service with the Company from the grant date through the performance vesting date, except as may
otherwise be provided in the participant’s employment or other services agreement with the Company. If
the minimum performance goal is not achieved during the performance period, all PRSUs shall be forfeited
for no consideration as of the expiration of the performance period. The Company will recognize
stock-based compensation expense for these awards over the vesting period based on the projected
probability of achievement of the aforementioned performance conditions as of the end of each reporting
period during the performance period and may periodically adjust the recognition of such expense, as
necessary, in response to any changes in the Company’s forecasts with respect to the performance
conditions. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did not
recognize any stock-based compensation expense related to these awards based on the Company’s
determination that achievement of the minimum performance goal was not probable as of that date.
The following table summarizes our PRSU activity for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017:
Unvested at January 1, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unvested at December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Awards
—
66,500
—
—
66,500
61,307
—
(3,750)
Unvested at December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
124,057
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Values
—
$13.25
—
—
$13.25
$13.44
—
$13.25
$13.34
Market-Based Awards
In 2017, the Company granted 146,500 market-based restricted stock units (“MRSUs”) to its
executives and certain employees under the 2016 Plan. No MRSUs were granted during 2018. The vesting
of the MRSUs is contingent upon the Company’s closing price of a share of the Company’s common stock
on the Nasdaq Capital market, or such other applicable principal securities exchange or quotation system,
achieving at least $18.00 over a period of eighty (80) consecutive trading days during the 3-year period
commencing on August 1, 2018 and concluding on July 31, 2021. Any MRSUs earned under this grant will
vest upon the Compensation Committee’s determination and certification of the achievement of the
87
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
performance goal, subject to the participant’s continuous service with the Company, except as may
otherwise be provided in the participant’s employment or other services agreement with the Company. If
the market condition is not met but the service condition is met, the MRSUs will not vest; however, any
compensation expense we have recognized to date will not be reversed. Additionally, any compensation cost
will be reversed if a participant terminates their employment prior to achievement of the performance
vesting date. The Company estimated the fair value and derived service period of the MRSUs on the grant
date using a Monte Carlo simulation model.
The following table summarizes our MRSU activity for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017:
Unvested at January 1, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Awards
—
146,500
—
—
Unvested at December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
146,500
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
—
—
(6,000)
Unvested at December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
140,500
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Values
—
$6.58
—
—
$6.58
—
—
$6.58
$6.58
The table below sets forth the assumptions used within the Monte Carlo simulation model to value the
MRSU awards:
Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remaining performance period (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Estimated grant date fair value (per share)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Derived service period (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.56%
0%
3.92
28.54%
$ 6.58
1.96
Total recognized stock-based compensation expense amounted to $2.2 million for the year ended
December 31, 2018 and $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The aggregate fair value as of
the vest date of restricted stock units that vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was
$1.0 million and $0.7 million, respectively. Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to
unvested RSUs which are probable of vesting amounted to $1.1 million at December 31, 2018. These costs
are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.07 years.
88
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2018
Note 20 — Subsequent Events
During February 2019, the Company’s insurance carriers made payments totaling $30.0 million to the
plaintiffs in connection with the lawsuit detailed in Note 14 — Commitments and Contingencies. This
matter is considered fully settled.
During the first quarter of 2019, the Company granted 145,000 service-based RSUs to certain
employees and executives, and 19,200 service-based RSUs to the Company’s non-employee directors, under
the Limbach Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan.
During April 2019, the Company completed the refinancing of its existing debt obligations under the
Credit Agreement. The Refinancing Agreements consist of (i) a $40.0 million term loan (the “2019
Refinancing Term Loan”), (ii) a $25.0 million multi-draw delayed draw term loan (the “2019 Delayed Draw
Term Loan”) and (iii) a $15.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2019 ABL Credit Agreement”). See also
Note 9 — Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
89
Item 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), as of December 31, 2018. Based on the
evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as of December 31, 2018, although progress has been
and continues to be made pursuant to the execution of management’s remediation plans (as discussed
below), our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were not effective due to a material weakness (as defined in SEC Rule 12b-2) in our internal
control over financial reporting, as further described below.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial
reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Internal control over financial
reporting includes policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to facilitate preparation of financial statements in accordance with
GAAP, and that such transactions are being recorded in accordance with authorizations of management of
the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on
the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with existing policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2018, based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this
assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of
December 31, 2018 because of the material weakness described below.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial
reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim
financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
90
2018 Material Weakness
Based upon the aforementioned assessment, although progress continues to be made pursuant to the
execution of Management’s Remediation Plans (as discussed below), management determined that, as of
December 31, 2018, we had the following material weakness:
•
Our controls related to monthly project reviews and the review of our work-in-process schedule
did not operate effectively during the year ended December 31, 2018. Specifically, in certain
instances, management determined that monthly project reviews were ineffective in properly
identifying project claim and pending change order (“PCO”) situations, thereby resulting in
improper and untimely accounting for these issues. In those instances, our primary controls did
not operate at a precision level sufficient to detect errors in project accounting.
More specifically, during the third quarter of 2018, management determined that certain PCOs for
which the Company had been provided written customer directives to proceed were not being accounted for
in contract value and estimated cost at completion in its work-in-process reports. This had the impact of
understating revenues, net income and backlog by immaterial amounts as of and for the three and
nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018. During the fourth quarter of 2018, management
determined that certain monthly project reviews were ineffective in properly identifying project claim and
PCO situations.
In light of the foregoing material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, we performed
additional analyses at the branch and corporate levels to ensure that our financial statements were prepared
in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, we believe that the financial statements included in this report
fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations, changes in
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the periods presented.
Management’s Remediation Plans and Progress
During 2018, we conducted training for branch personnel regarding the necessary precision level for
the review of the work-in-process schedule to ensure that the project details are accounted for in accordance
with related billing and other contractual terms. We also implemented appropriate corporate oversight and
monitoring to ensure that projects are properly accounted for at each period-end date. Further, we
established a repository of Sarbanes-Oxley internal controls documentation that prescribes minimum
branch-related controls to assist branch personnel with the execution of their financial reporting
responsibilities. Site visits were also conducted within select regions in January 2019 to further assist with
identifying problem areas. Based on management’s testing at year-end 2018, the previously identified billing
issues have been remediated, but we continue to experience challenges in conducting monthly project
reviews at the appropriate level of precision in order to properly identify and account for claim and PCO
situations.
During 2019, management plans to document uniform minimum standards to be followed in
connection with our monthly project reviews and the review of our branches’ work-in-process schedules.
These remediation procedures will also include appropriate corporate oversight, monitoring and training.
At December 31, 2017, we also reported, as a component of our material weakness related to contract
administration issues, that we had not completed a full user access level review of all of our financially
significant systems. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company completed its initial review of each
employee’s access to all financially significant information technology (“IT”) systems, identified whether
access granted was appropriate for the employee’s job responsibilities and ensured that the access granted
did not pose unmitigated segregation of duties risks. This review resulted in modification to various
employees’ access and served to transition the Company to IT module-based security profiles for all
employees. Going forward, this review will be conducted annually. As such, this component of our
previously reported contract administration related material weakness was remediated during 2018.
Our other year-end 2017 material weakness (which was initially reported in our 2016 Form 10-K),
pertaining to our processes and internal controls related to accruing for all goods and services received at
project sites (job costs), but not invoiced to us on a timely basis, has been fully remediated. In this regard,
91
additional training of branch personnel with respect to the necessary precision level for review and
additional oversight and monitoring by corporate accounting personnel was implemented during 2018, and
our processes and controls in this area were performed at the required precision level defined in the controls.
As we work to remediate our material weakness, management will take additional measures, as deemed
appropriate, to strengthen our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to management’s assertion
requirements under section 404(a) of the Sarbanes Oxley Act.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except as discussed above, there were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) during the fourth quarter of 2018 that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
On April 12, 2019 (a) LFS entered into (i) a financing agreement (the “2019 Refinancing Agreement”)
with the lenders thereto and Cortland Capital Market Services LLC, as collateral agent and administrative
agent and CB Agent Services LLC, as origination agent (“CB”) and (ii) a financing agreement with the
lenders thereto and Citizens Bank, N.A. as collateral agent, administrative agent and origination agent (the
“2019 ABL Credit Agreement” and, together with the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, the “Refinancing
Agreements”) and (b) in connection with the 2019 Refinancing, the Company issued to CB and the other
lenders under the 2019 Refinancing Agreement warrants (the “CB Warrants”) to purchase up to a
maximum of 263,314 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.63 per share subject
to certain adjustments, including for stock dividends, stock splits or reclassifications. For additional
descriptions of the Refinancing Agreements and the CB Warrants, see the section entitled “Debt and
Related Obligations — Refinancing Agreements” in our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
which are incorporated herein by reference. The CB Warrants were issued under the exemption provided by
Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act as not involving a public offering. The foregoing descriptions of the
2019 Refinancing Agreement, the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement and the CB Warrants are qualified in their
entirety by reference to the full text of the 2019 Refinancing Agreement, the 2019 ABL Credit Agreement
and the form of CB Warrant, copies of which are filed as Exhibits 10.23, 10.25 and 4.6, respectively, to this
Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated herein by reference.
92
Part III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the discussion of the
Audit Committee under the caption “Corporate Governance — Board Committees”; and the material
under the captions “Proposal No. 1: Election of Directors” and “Stock Ownership and Section 16
Compliance — Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement; and the
material under the caption “Corporate Governance — Executive Officers” in the Proxy Statement.
The Company’s Code of Ethics, which covers all employees (including our executive officers), meets
the requirements of the SEC rules promulgated under Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The
Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at http://ir.limbachinc.com/governance-docs, and copies
are available to stockholders without charge upon written request to the Company (attention: General
Counsel) at the Company’s principal executive offices. Any substantive amendment to the Code of Ethics or
any waiver of the Code granted to our executive officers will be posted on the Company’s website at
http://ir.limbachinc.com/ within five business days (and retained on the website for at least one year).
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the material under the
captions “Proposal No. 1: Election of Directors — Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation
Tables” in the Proxy Statement.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the material under the
caption “Stock Ownership and Section 16 Compliance” in the Proxy Statement; and Note 10 — Equity and
Note 19 — Management Incentive Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of
this Report.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the material under the
captions “Corporate Governance — Director Independence” and “Related Party Transactions” in the
Proxy Statement.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the material under the
caption “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy
Statement.
93
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
a) Documents filed as part of this Report
Part IV
(1) Financial Statements. See “Index to Financial Statements” in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules. All schedules are omitted for the reason that the information is
included in the financial statements or the notes thereto or that they are not required or are not
applicable.
(3) Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the “Exhibits Index” are filed or incorporated by reference as part
of this Form 10-K.
(b) Exhibits.
Exhibit
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4†
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
Description
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated March 23, 2016, by and among the Company, Limbach
Holdings LLC and FdG HVAC LLC (“Merger Agreement”) (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2016).
Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 11, 2016, by and among the
Company, Limbach Holdings LLC and FdG HVAC LLC (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 13, 2016).
Amendment No. 2 to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 18, 2016, by and among the
Company, Limbach Holdings LLC and FdG HVAC LLC (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016).
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 19, 2018, dated as of September 19, 2018, by
and among Peter J. Corogin, Stephen E. Dunbar, LED Construction Services, Inc., Dunbar
Mechanical, Inc., the Company and Limbach Facility Services (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 20, 2018).
Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26, 2016).
Certificate of Designation of Class A Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2
to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26, 2016).
Certificate of Correction to Certificate of Designation of Class A Preferred Stock (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541)
filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on August 24, 2016).
Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (file No. 333-195695), filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
June 30, 2014).
Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Amendment
No. 2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-195695), filed with
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on June 27, 2014).
Warrant Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2014, by and between Continental Stock Transfer &
Trust Company and 1347 Capital Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 21, 2014).
Specimen Warrant Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Amendment No. 2 to
the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-195695), filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on June 27, 2014).
94
Exhibit
4.4
4.5
4.6
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
Description
Form of Merger Warrant issued pursuant to the Merger Agreement Certificate (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3
(File No. 333-213646), filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 15, 2016).
Form of Additional Merger Warrant issued pursuant to the Merger Agreement (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3
(File No. 333-213646), filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 15, 2016).
Form of CB Warrant issued pursuant to the 2019 Refinancing Agreement.
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2016, by and among
the Company and the parties named on the signature pages thereto (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26, 2016).
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, among the
Company and the signatories thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2016).
Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, among the
Company and the signatories thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission on April 17, 2017).
Credit Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2016, by and among Limbach Facility Services LLC, the
Company, the guarantors from time to time party thereto, the lenders from time to time party
thereto, Fifth Third Bank, The PrivateBank and Trust Company and Wheaton Bank & Trust
Company, a subsidiary of Wintrust Financial Corp (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission on July 26, 2016).
First Amendment to Credit Agreement, Limited Waiver and Consent, dated as of December 15,
2016, by and among Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other
Guarantors partly thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative
Agent and L/C Issuer.
Second Amendment to Credit Agreement and Limited Waiver, dated January 12, 2018, by and
among Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other Guarantors party
thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and L/C
Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on January 12,
2018).
Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated March 21, 2018, by and among Limbach
Holdings, Inc., Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other Guarantors
party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and L/C
Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26,
2018).
Assumption and Supplement to Security Agreement, dated March 21, 2018, by and between
Limbach Holdings, Inc. and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541)
filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2018).
Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated May 15, 2018, by and among Limbach Facility
Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other Guarantors party thereto, the Lenders party
thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and L/C Issuer (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
(File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2018).
95
Exhibit
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13*
10.14*
10.15*
10.16*
10.17*
10.18*
10.19*
10.20*
10.21*
Description
Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement and Limited Waiver, dated as of August 13, 2018, by
and among Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other Guarantors
party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and
L/C Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 14, 2018).
Sixth Amendment to Credit Agreement and Limited Waiver, dated as of November 30, 2018, by
and among Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach Holdings LLC, the other Guarantors
party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and
L/C Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
November 30, 2018).
Limited, Conditional and Temporary Waiver and Amendment Related to Loan Documents,
dated as of November 19, 2018 by and among Limbach Facility Services LLC, Limbach
Holdings LLC, the Company, the other Guarantors party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and
Fifth Third Bank, as Administrative Agent and L/C Issuer.
Limbach Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Annex C to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-210772) filed with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on June 16, 2016).
Form of Inaugural Time-Based and Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for
Executives (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 6, 2017).
Form of Long-Term Incentive (Ongoing) Time-Based and Performance-Based Restricted Stock
Unit Agreement for Executives (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 6, 2017).
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Non-Executive Employees (Time-Vested)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 6,
2017).
Form of Annual Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (Time-Vested)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 6,
2017).
Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 26, 2016).
Employment Agreement, dated as of March 23, 2016, by and between the Company and
Charles A. Bacon, III (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current
Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541), filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission on March 29, 2016).
Offer Letter, dated March 18, 2015, by and between the Company and John T. Jordan,
Jr. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (File No. 333-214838) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
November 30, 2016).
Promotion Letter, dated April 24, 2015, by and between the Company and Kristopher Thorne
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (333-214838) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
November 30, 2016).
96
Exhibit
10.22*
10.23†
10.24†
10.25†
10.26†
21.1
23.1
24.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
Description
Agreement and Mutual Release, dated December 14, 2018, by and between the Company and
David S. Gellman (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36541) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on
December 17, 2018).
Financing Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2019, by and among the Company, Limbach
Holdings LLC, Limbach Facility Services LLC, the lenders from time to time party thereto,
Cortland Capital Market Services LLC, as collateral agent and administrative agent, CB Agent
Services LLC, as origination agent, and the other parties party thereto.
Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2019, by and among the Company,
Limbach Facility Services LLC, the other Grantors party thereto and Cortland Capital Market
Services LLC, as collateral agent.
ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2019, by and among the Company, Limbach
Holdings LLC, Limbach Facility Services LLC, the other borrowers party thereto, the lenders
from time to time party thereto and Citizens Bank, N.A., as collateral agent, administrative
agent and origination agent.
Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2019, by and among the Company,
Limbach Facility Services LLC, the other Grantors party thereto and Citizens Bank, N.A., as
collateral agent.
Subsidiaries of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 1-36541), filed with the SEC on July 26, 2016).
Consent of Crowe LLP.
Power of Attorney (included on the signature page).
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document.
†
The schedules and exhibits to this agreement have been omitted from this filing pursuant to Item 601
of Regulation S-K. The Company will furnish copies of any such schedules and exhibits to the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
* Management contract of compensatory plan or arrangement.
(c) Financial Statement Schedules.
Included in Item 15(a)(2) above
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
Not applicable.
97
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
LIMBACH HOLDINGS, INC.
/s/ Charles A. Bacon, III
Charles A. Bacon, III
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Date: April 15, 2019
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below
constitutes and appoints Charles A. Bacon, III and John T. Jordan, Jr. and each or any one of them, his
true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and
in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual
Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection
therewith, with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every
act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes
as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and
agents, or any of them, or their or his substitutes or substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by
virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this Annual Report
on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
/s/ Charles A. Bacon, III
Charles A. Bacon III
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(principal executive officer)
Date
April 15, 2019
/s/ John T. Jordan, Jr.
John T. Jordan, Jr.
/s/ Gordon G. Pratt
Gordon G. Pratt
/s/ Larry G. Swets, Jr
Larry G. Swets, Jr
/s/ Michael F. McNally
Michael F. McNally
/s/ Norbert W. Young
Norbert W. Young
/s/ Laurel J. Krzeminski
Laurel J. Krzeminski
Kyle Cerminara
Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial and accounting officer)
April 15, 2019
Director and Chairman
April 15, 2019
April 15, 2019
April 15, 2019
April 15, 2019
April 15, 2019
April 15, 2019
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
98
CONTACT INFORMATION
INVESTOR INQUIRIES
The Equity Group Inc.
Jeremy Hellman, CFA
Senior Associate
T: 212-836-9626
jhellman@equityny.com
Limbach Holdings, Inc.
John T. Jordan, Jr.
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
T: 301-623-4799
TRANSFER AGENT
Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company
17 Battery Place
New York, NY 10004
T: 212-509-4000
cstmail@continentalstock.com
www.continentalstock.com
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR
Crowe LLP
3399 Peachtree Road N.E., Suite 700
Atlanta, GA 30326-2832
T: 404-442-1600
OUTSIDE LEGAL COUNSEL
Winston & Strawn LLP
200 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10022
STOCK LISTING
Limbach Holdings, Inc.
NASDAQ: LMB
Limbach Holdings, Inc. Warrants
OTC Markets: LMBHW
Left to right: Mike McCann, Co-Chief Operations Officer, Charles A.
Bacon III, President & Chief Executive Officer, John T. Jordan, Chief
Financial Officer and Kris Thorne, Co-Chief Operations Officer
DIRECTORS
Charles A. Bacon, III
President and Chief Executive Officer
Limbach Holdings, Inc.
D. Kyle Cerminara
Chief Executive Officer,
Co-Founder and Partner
Fundamental Global Investors
Laurel Krzeminski
Chief Financial Officer
(Retired)
Granite Construction
Michael McNally
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Retired)
Skanska USA
Gordon G. Pratt
Managing Member
Fund Management Group LLC
Larry G. Swets, Jr.
Managing Member
Itasca Financial LLC
Norbert W. Young
Executive Vice President
Lehrer, LLC
OFFICERS
Charles A. Bacon, III
President and Chief Executive Officer
John T. Jordan, Jr.
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
Michael McCann
Co-Chief Operations Officer
Kristopher Thorne
Co-Chief Operations Officer
MECHANICAL
ELECTRICAL
PLUMBING
CONTROLS
SERVICE
1251 Waterfront Place
Suite 201
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
limbachinc.com