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Limoneira Company

lmnr · NASDAQ Consumer Defensive
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Industry Agricultural Farm Products
Employees 241
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FY2022 Annual Report · Limoneira Company
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CHAIRPERSON’S LETTER TO THE SHAREHOLDERS 

On  January  31,  2023,  Limoneira  closed  the  sale  of  3,537  acres  of  land  in  Tulare  County  (“Northern 
Properties”) to PGIM Agricultural Investments (“PAI”), for $100M, the most significant transaction in the 
company’s long history. In doing so, Limoneira completed its bold plan to dramatically reduce debt and 
reposition  the  company,  simultaneously  expanding  its  foothold  in  farm  management  and  marketing 
sectors. 

In the end, people count. Limoneira is blessed to be led by a strong-willed and indefatigable management 
team operating in the backdrop of COVID-19 and supply chain chaos. Their success is a tribute to their 
perseverance  and  unyielding  commitment.  We  are  grateful  for  the  countless  contributions  from  our 
employees  as  they  have  consistently  risen  to  the  occasion  and  continue  to  make  Limoneira  a  brand 
synonymous with quality and distinction.   

The Board too had done its part by committing itself to operating in accordance with best practices in 
pursuit of better governance. Indeed, while reducing its size to 7 directors, the Board has adopted its own 
policies to encourage full engagement and meaningful contributions from its members. It has challenged 
itself and management to embrace introspection, learning, and resiliency. I am pleased to report both 
Board and management responded to the obvious challenges of the past year with amazing alacrity. Board 
committees are now actively engaged in a mission to be collaborative, supportive of management with 
the intention of building a better and stronger company.  

Limoneira is, at its heart, an agricultural and community development company rooted in rich history, 
heritage, and tradition. It remains even more so after the Northern Properties transaction. In fact, the 
culmination  of  transactions  over  the  past  year  have  added  more  than  $130M  in  new  cash  to  the 
company’s  balance  sheet  and  provide  us  with  the  platform  to  navigate  industry  crosswinds  patiently, 
selectively and opportunistically. As a result, we will successfully transact when conditions warrant.   

Please know, that while Limoneira is grateful for the success of the past 12 months, we are relentlessly 
pursuing new strategies that will optimize our operations and enhance value for our customers and fairly 
reward  our  shareholders.  The  company  will  enhance  our  legacy,  employ  sustainable  management 
practices, fairly valuing natural and human resources. Integrity matters at Limoneira and we will make 
sure it is a cornerstone of our relationships with employees, customers, shareholders, suppliers, and the 
communities in which we operate. 

We “can” because we share a commitment to be better. We eagerly embrace both the challenges and 
opportunities that lay ahead and earning a successful 2023. Thank you for your continued support. 

Sincerely Yours, 

Scott S. Slater 
Chairperson of the Board 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CEO’S LETTER TO THE SHAREHOLDERS 

On January 31, 2023, Limoneira announced the closing of the largest transaction in our history; the sale 
of  our  Northern  Properties  to  PGIM  Agricultural  Investments,  a  division  of  the  Prudential  Insurance 
Company. Importantly, the sale was coupled with a Farm Management Agreement whereby Limoneira 
will continue to provide farming services for the properties post sale. And that’s not all. We simultaneously 
entered  into  a  Grower  Packing  &  Marketing  Agreement  with  PGIM  Agricultural  Investments  with 
Limoneira  providing  packing,  marketing,  and  selling  services  for  lemons  grown  on  the  properties.  This 
suite of actions constitute an exclamation mark for the profound transition the Company has undergone 
in just 12 short months.    

Fiscal year 2022 was a year of significant challenges for Limoneira. With the lingering effects of COVID-19 
still  negatively  affecting  our  operating  environment,  Limoneira’s  Board  of  Directors  and  Management 
took  the  initiative  to  explore  new  strategies  that  would  unlock  value  for  our  shareholders  during  this 
challenging  time.  At  the  beginning  of  the  fiscal  year,  we  saw  that  global  lemon  production  would  be 
fundamentally oversupplied and that inflationary pressures in our operating environment would be high. 
The negative financial consequences of low selling prices caused by oversupply in the marketplace at the 
same  time  of  increased costs  caused  by  inflation  throughout our operations  were  staring  at  us  at  the 
beginning of the fiscal year. The Board swiftly organized a strategic planning session in February 2022 to 
address  this  challenging  operating  environment  and  conducted  a  review  of  the  last  ten  years  of 
investments  made  by  Limoneira.  The  review  included  an  analysis  of  how  these  investments  had 
performed  against  expected  performance  when  the  investments  were  made.  The  strategic  planning 
session began by setting up a list of strategic objectives and priorities in the changing environment that 
were  collectively  agreed  upon  by  Limoneira’s  Board  and  Management.  These  objectives  and  priorities 
include: 

•  TRANSITION ONE WORLD OF CITRUS TO AN ‘ASSET LIGHT” MODEL 
•  STREAMLINE OPERATIONS AND SELL NON-STRATEGIC ASSETS 
• 
IMPROVE CONSISTENCY OF EARNINGS 
• 
INCREASE EBITDA AND EARNINGS PER SHARE 
•  REDUCE DEBT AND RIGHT-SIZE THE BALANCE SHEET 
• 

IMPROVE RETURN ON INVESTED CAPITAL  

When reviewing investments made by the Company over the past ten years, we found that some of these 
investments  had  performed  above  our  expectation, some  had  met  expectation,  and  others  that were 
underperforming. We acknowledged that a high proportion of the capital invested over this time had been 
made  into  land  and  water  assets  that  were  fundamentally  appreciating  while  the  annual  operating 
performance of the investment had been compromised due to the challenges the Company faced during 
this  time  period:  over-supply  of  global  lemons,  inflation,  demand  destruction  caused  by  the  global 
pandemic, a strong dollar challenging our export demand, etc. We found that a high percentage of our 
capital  deployed  was  into  our  real-estate  investment  in  Harvest  at  Limoneira,  which  was  just  now 
beginning  to  financially  return  capital  after  years  of  investment.  By  monetizing  specific  non-strategic 

 
 
 
 
 
 
assets,  the  board  and  management  believed  there  was  a  pathway  to  accomplish  its  objectives  and 
priorities while repositioning the Company for future growth, taking advantage of the many investments 
made over the past decade while utilizing an asset-light model. 

February’s 2022 strategic planning session concluded with the board tasking management to develop a 
Roadmap of Actions to address the established objectives and priorities through monetization of “non-
strategic  assets.”  Then  transition  our  operating  business  model  away  from  being  a  predominantly 
vertically-integrated producer of lemons towards being a predominantly “asset light” packer, marketer 
and seller of lemons; insulating ourselves from the over-supplied reality of global lemon production facing 
us today. Management responded by enthusiastically developing this roadmap and after weeks of intense 
planning reconvened with the board in April 2022 to present its plan. The roadmap presented to the board 
was unanimously approved and management set forth to execute the plan. 

Significantly,  the  approved  roadmap  identified  $150  Million  of  near-term  asset  sales  that,  once 
monetized, would finance the reduction of debt and right-size the balance sheet for the Company. This 
selective asset monetization plan would restore EBITDA and earnings growth for Limoneira by increasing 
services  providing  revenue,  lowering  our  operating  expenses,  and  dramatically  reducing  interest  and 
depreciation expense.  

Our roadmap executes this asset monetization while simultaneously transitioning our One World of Citrus 
business model into “asset light” by finding buyers that will partner with us to keep the production from 
these assets running through Limoneira’s value creating supply chain. The prospect of achieving these 
goals was extremely motivating and exciting to management given how challenging the past four years of 
operations have been in a fundamentally oversupplied global lemon market. Limoneira’s pivot towards 
an asset-light operating model was equally exciting for us given the Company’s recent success in setting 
up a world-class Grower Services division to serve our valuable Grower Partners. By increasing our Grower 
Services business as well as our Agency business for the Supplier Partners we serve around the world, we 
see a path towards growth that will not be as capital intensive as our previous plans which involved buying 
land and water assets to fuel our growth. Serving our Grower Partners and our Supplier Partners will not 
take much capital to be successful – simply dedicated work and execution from Limoneira’s amazing team. 

Since April of 2022, we have been extremely pleased with our execution of the roadmap. On October 26, 
2022,  we  closed  on  the  sale  of  seventeen  acres  of  land  in  our  Harvest  at  Limoneira  master-planned 
community to our development partnership with The Lewis Group, Limoneira Lewis Community Builders 
LLC, for $16 Million –  returning  $8 Million of cash to Limoneira. We closed on the sale of our Oxnard 
Lemon Packing House property to the Port of Hueneme for $20 Million, which included a sale-leaseback 
of the facility to wash and store lemons for the next three years. We then closed on the sale of our Sevilla 
property  in  Santa  Maria  for  $2.7  Million  on  November  30,  2022.  The  combination  of  these  three 
transactions allowed us to monetize $30 Million of assets by the end of calendar 2022 – faster and more 
profitably than we initially planned. 

We  used  the  $30  Million  of  proceeds  from  these  transactions  to  reduce  our  debt  and  to  fund  the 
termination of our defined benefit pension plan, which we froze in 2004. In its place we established a  
401K plan from that point forward for our employees. We sold our pension obligation to an insurance 

 
 
 
 
 
company in November 2022 so Limoneira no longer has financial risk, but also with the knowledge and 
understanding that our employees have a vehicle for their retirement savings. 

The Northern Properties transaction included the Ducor Ranch, the Porterville Ranch, the Lemons 400 
Ranch and the Martinez and Sheldon Ranches in Lindsay, CA. These properties represented 3,537 acres in 
Tulare County, California comprised of a total of 2,700 planted acres, 231 acres of plantable ground and 
606 acres of open space. Farm Management and Grower Packing & Marketing Agreements will solidify 
our position in what we do best – farming, packing, marketing, and selling services for lemons harvested 
on  the  properties  –  but  without  having  to  maintain  land  ownership.  This  transaction  was  accretive  to 
Limoneira on an EBITDA and Earnings Per Share basis and allowed the Company to significantly reduce its 
overall  debt,  further  accomplishing  its  objective  to  right-size  its  balance  sheet.  The  transaction  was 
significantly profitable for Limoneira allowing the Company to record a $40 Million gain on the capital 
appreciation  of  the  assets.  Thanks  to  several  tax  mitigating  tools  in  Limoneira’s  toolbox  the  Company 
expects to incur approximately $11 Million of cash tax liability on the $100 million transaction, allowing 
more cash for debt retirement and growth for the Company. 

At this writing we have concluded the Northern Properties sale and prepared our communications for the 
transaction. Once the dust settles from the deal, we believe that we will have made considerable progress 
on the objectives and priorities established in our February 2022 strategic planning session. During the 
past three months we have sold approximately $130 Million of the $150 Million of non-strategic assets 
identified for sale and are exceeding our internal timeline and valuation projections. Moving forward, we 
will continue to advance our asset-light model as we focus on the best use of our valuable portfolio of 
agricultural lands, real estate properties and water rights, along with utilizing our expertise in packing, 
marketing and distributing to increase our Grower Partners and Supplier Partners. 

In addition to the remaining near term non-strategic asset sales identified in our roadmap we still expect 
to generate $115 Million over the next seven fiscal years from Harvest at Limoneira and the addition of 
the Harvest Medical Pavilion with $5 Million to be received in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2023. Over 
the  next  12  to  18  months,  we  expect  to  achieve  the  goals  set  out  in  our  strategic  plan,  to  include 
streamlining operations, improving consistency of earnings, and increase EBITDA. 

Operationally, fiscal year 2022 was a milestone year for Limoneira. We sold 4.9 million fresh cartons of 
domestic lemons last year, 48% produced by Limoneira and 52% produced by our Grower Partners. This 
was record annual volume for our team, and we were extremely pleased with our operational execution, 
our grower returns, and our fresh-utilization results for the year which exceeded 78% across each growing 
district for ourselves and our Grower Partners. We also sold 0.8 million cartons of Limoneira lemons from 
Chile and 0.8 million cartons of Supplier Partner lemons from Mexico, Chile and Argentina. In total we sold 
6.5 million cartons of fresh lemons which totals approximately 1.0 billion lemons sold in FY22. That’s a lot 
of lemons and a noteworthy accomplishment. 

We enjoyed record avocado revenues and profits in FY22. We produced and sold 8.2 million pounds of 
avocados and received $2.08/pound for them for revenue of $17.3 Million and operating income of $11.8 
Million.  While  the  volume  we  produced  and  sold  was  normal,  the  price-per-pound  we  received  was 

 
 
 
 
 
abnormally high caused by supply-chain disruptions in Mexico. These disruptions opened the window for 
California to take advantage of record pricing in the marketplace, which Limoneira capitalized on. 

I want to compliment and congratulate the Limoneira Team for their efforts in FY2022. We entered the 
year knowing lemon pricing was going to be depressed due to the over-supplied nature of the marketplace 
and  we  also  knew  we  would  be  wrestling  with  higher  costs  due  to  the  challenging  inflationary 
environment we faced. The Team pulled together to innovatively overcome the cost pressures we faced 
to pay the highest returns in the industry to our lemon Grower Partners. These results have paid dividends 
to us in our Grower Partner recruiting and retention efforts, putting us into great position for the FY2023 
lemon season. The teamwork displayed by Limoneira this past year was the best I’ve seen and I’m excited 
for the coming weeks, months and years with our team given a refreshed balance sheet and new operating 
models. 

Finally, I want to thank our Board of Directors for their collective wisdom, guidance and support this past 
year. The Strategic Planning process they led management through allowed us to develop the roadmap 
we  are  executing  and  the  results  have  been  extremely  positive  and  gratifying.  The  Limoneira  team  is 
strong, and the Company is in the best shape it’s been in its 130 years of operation. We will meet the 
future with optimism knowing that our current position affords us the opportunity to be selective and 
opportunistic. The best is yet to come! 

Sincerely,   

Harold S. Edwards 
President & CEO 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

☑ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2022 

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-34755
LIMONEIRA COMPANY 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

77-0260692
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1141 Cummings Road, Santa Paula, CA

(Address of principal executive offices)

93060

(Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (805) 525-5541

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

LMNR

Name of Each Exchange

On Which Registered

The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

(NASDAQ Global Select Market)

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  a  well-known  seasoned  issuer,  as  defined  in  Rule  405  of  the  Securities 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Act. Yes    ☐ No     ☑

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes    ☐ 

No    ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and 
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes     ☑  No     ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted 
pursuant  to  Rule  405  of  Regulation  S-T  (§232.405  of  this  chapter)  during  the  preceding  12  months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the 
registrant was required to submit such files). Yes    ☑  No    ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  smaller 
reporting  company  or  an  emerging  growth  company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,”  “smaller  reporting 
company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for 

Non-accelerated filer  ☐

Accelerated filer ☑

Smaller reporting
company   ☐

Emerging growth
company      ☐

complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  filed  a  report  on  and  attestation  to  its  management's  assessment  of  the 
effectiveness  of  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C.  7262(b))  by  the 
registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report ☑  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐  No ☑

Based on the closing price as reported on the NASDAQ Global Market, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Common 
Stock held by non-affiliates on April 30, 2022 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was 
approximately $199.3 million. Shares of Common Stock held by each executive officer and director and by each stockholder affiliated with a 
director  or  an  executive  officer  have  been  excluded  from  this  calculation  because  such  persons  may  be  deemed  to  be  affiliates.  This 
determination  of  affiliate  status  is  not  necessarily  a  conclusive  determination  for  other  purposes.  The  number  of  outstanding  shares  of  the 
Registrant’s Common Stock as of November 30, 2022 was 17,684,315.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which we intend to hold on March 21, 
2023, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The definitive Proxy Statement will be filed within 
120 days after October 31, 2022.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Item 1. Business
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2. Properties
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities
Item 6. Reserved
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Item 9B. Other Information
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Part IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

SIGNATURES

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (this  “Annual  Report”)  contains  statements  which,  to  the  extent  that  they  do  not  recite 
historical  fact,  constitute  forward-looking  statements.  These  statements  can  be  identified  by  the  fact  that  they  do  not  relate 
strictly to historical or current facts and may include the words "may," "will," “could," "should," "would," "believe," "expect," 
"anticipate,"  "estimate,"  "intend,"  "plan"  or  other  words  or  expressions  of  similar  meaning.  We  have  based  these  forward-
looking  statements  on  our  current  expectations  about  future  events.  The  forward-looking  statements  include  statements  that 
reflect  management’s  beliefs,  plans,  objectives,  goals,  expectations,  anticipations  and  intentions  with  respect  to  our  financial 
condition, results of operations, future performance and business, including statements relating to our business strategy and our 
current and future development plans.

The  potential  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  cause  our  actual  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  future 
performance to differ materially from those expressed or implied in this Annual Report include:

•

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negative impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic and our Company's responses to the pandemic;

changes in laws, regulations, rules, quotas, tariffs and import laws;

adverse weather conditions, natural disasters and other adverse natural conditions, including freezes, rains, fires and 
droughts, that affect the production, transportation, storage, import and export of fresh produce;

market responses to industry volume pressures;

increased pressure from disease, insects and other pests;

disruption of water supplies or changes in water allocations;

disruption in the global supply chain;

product and raw materials supplies and pricing;

energy supply and pricing;

changes in interest rates and the impact of inflation;

availability of financing for development activities;

general economic conditions for residential and commercial real estate development;

political changes and economic crises;

international conflict;

acts of terrorism;

labor disruptions, strikes, shortages or work stoppages;

the impact of foreign exchange rate movements;

ability to maintain compliance with covenants under our loan agreements;

loss of important intellectual property rights; and

other factors disclosed in our public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

In addition, this Annual Report contains industry data related to our business and the markets in which we operate. This data 
includes  projections  that  are  based  on  a  number  of  assumptions.  If  these  assumptions  turn  out  to  be  incorrect,  actual  results 
could  differ  from  the  projections  or  estimates.  We  urge  you  to  carefully  review  this  Annual  Report,  particularly  the  section 
entitled “Risk Factors,” for a complete discussion of the risks of an investment in our common stock.

Although  we  believe  that  the  expectations  reflected  in  the  forward-looking  statements  are  reasonable,  we  cannot  guarantee 
future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Many factors discussed in this Annual Report, some of which are 
beyond our control, will be important in determining our future performance. Consequently, actual results may differ materially 
from those that might be anticipated from forward-looking statements. In light of these and other uncertainties, you should not 
regard the inclusion of a forward-looking statement in this Annual Report as a representation by us that our plans and objectives 
will be achieved, and you should not place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to 
publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, 
except as required by law. 

All  references  to  “we,”  “us,”  “our,”  “our  Company,”  “the  Company,”  or  “Limoneira”  in  this  Annual  Report  mean 
Limoneira Company, a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 4

PART I

Item 1. Business

Limoneira Company, a Delaware corporation, is the successor to several businesses with operations in California since 1893. Our 
business and operations are described below. For detailed financial information with respect to our business and our operations, see 
our consolidated financial statements and the related notes to consolidated financial statements, which are included in Item 8 in this 
Annual Report. In addition, general information concerning our Company can be found on our website at www.limoneira.com. All 
of  our  filings  with  the  SEC,  including  but  not  limited  to,  annual  reports  on  Form  10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q,  current 
reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments thereto, are available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable 
after  such  material  is  electronically  filed  with  or  furnished  to  the  SEC.  The  contents  of  our  website  referred  to  above  are  not 
incorporated into this Annual Report. Further, any references to our website are intended to be interactive textual references only.

Overview

We  are  primarily  an  agribusiness  company  founded  and  based  in  Santa  Paula,  California,  committed  to  responsibly  using  and 
managing our approximately 15,400 acres of land, water resources and other assets to maximize long-term stockholder value. Our 
current operations consist of fruit production, sales and marketing, rental operations, real estate and capital investment activities.

Agribusiness activities are performed through these four reporting segments:

We are one of California’s oldest citrus growers. According to Sunkist Growers, Inc. (“Sunkist”), we are one of the largest growers 
of lemons in the United States and, according to the California Avocado Commission, one of the largest growers of avocados in the 
United States. In addition to growing lemons and avocados, we grow oranges and a variety of specialty citrus and other crops. We 
have agricultural plantings throughout Ventura, Tulare, San Luis Obispo and San Bernardino Counties in California, Yuma County 
in Arizona, La Serena, Chile and Jujuy, Argentina, which collectively consist of approximately 5,600 acres of lemons, 900 acres of 
avocados, 1,000 acres of oranges and 1,000 acres of specialty citrus and other crops. We also operate our own packinghouses in 
Santa  Paula,  California  and  Yuma,  Arizona,  where  we  process,  pack  and  sell  lemons  that  we  grow,  as  well  as  lemons  grown  by 
others.  We  have  a  47%  interest  in  Rosales  S.A.  (“Rosales”),  a  citrus  packing,  marketing  and  sales  business,  a  90%  interest  in 
Fruticola Pan de Azucar S.A. (“PDA”), a lemon and orange orchard and a 100% interest in Agricola San Pablo SpA. ("San Pablo"), 
a lemon and orange orchard, all of which are located near La Serena, Chile. We have a 51% interest in a joint venture, Trapani Fresh 
Consorcio de Cooperacion ("Trapani Fresh"), a lemon orchard in Argentina.

Our  water  resources  include  water  rights,  usage  rights  and  pumping  rights  to  the  water  in  aquifers  under,  and  canals  that  run 
through, the land we own. Water for our farming operations is sourced from the existing water resources associated with our land, 
which  includes  rights  to  water  in  the  adjudicated  Santa  Paula  Basin  (aquifer)  and  the  un-adjudicated  Fillmore  and  Paso  Robles 
Basins (aquifers). We use ground water from the San Joaquin Valley Basin and water from local water and irrigation districts in 
Tulare County, which is in California’s San Joaquin Valley. We also use ground water from the Cadiz Valley Basin in California’s 
San  Bernardino  County  and  surface  water  in  Arizona  from  the  Colorado  River  through  the  Yuma  Mesa  Irrigation  and  Drainage 
District (“YMIDD”). We use ground water provided by wells and surface water for our PDA and San Pablo farming operations in 
Chile and our Trapani Fresh farming operations in Argentina.

For more than 100 years, we have been making strategic investments in California agriculture and real estate. We currently have an 
interest in two real estate development projects in California. These projects include multi-family housing, single-family homes and 
apartments of approximately 900 units in various stages of planning and development.

Fiscal Year 2022 Highlights and Recent Developments

We are equal partners in a joint venture with The Lewis Group of Companies (“Lewis”) for the residential development of our East 
Area  I  real  estate  development  project  and  formed  Limoneira  Lewis  Community  Builders,  LLC  ("LLCB")  as  the  development 
entity. LLCB has closed on lot sales representing 586 units from inception through October 31, 2022. In October 2022, we entered 

 5

into a joint venture with Lewis for the development of our 17-acre East Area I Retained Property (“Retained Property”). We formed 
LLCB II, LLC ("LLCB II") as the development entity, contributed our Retained Property to the joint venture and sold a 50% interest 
to Lewis for $8.0 million. We recorded a gain on the transaction of approximately $4.7 million, of which $0.5 million was deferred. 
The  joint  venture  partners  will  share  in  the  capital  contributions  to  fund  project  costs  until  loan  proceeds  and/or  revenues  are 
sufficient  to  fund  the  project.  In  connection  with  the  closing,  we  amended  LLCB’s  Limited  Liability  Company  Agreement  to 
provide that LLCB is to include the processing of final approval for additional residential units to be developed and constructed on 
the Retained Property. For further information see Note 5 – Real Estate Development.

In  September  2021,  we  signed  a  Memorandum  of  Understanding  with  Wileman  Bros.  &  Elliott,  Inc.  ("Wileman"),  to  form  an 
alliance to sell their combined citrus volumes under Limoneira's One World of Citrus trademark. Wileman is a 95-year-old citrus 
business  located  in  California’s  Central  Valley  with  a  focus  on  oranges,  mandarins  and  specialty  citrus.  Effective  November  1, 
2021, the majority of our oranges and certain specialty citrus are packed by Wileman. 

In January 2022, we were notified of Alex M. Teague’s decision to retire as Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of 
our  Company,  effective  February  1,  2022.  In  connection  with  his  retirement,  we  entered  into  a  separation  agreement  with  Mr. 
Teague whereas, (i) Mr. Teague was paid one year of his annual base salary, which was paid in one lump sum within 90 business 
days  of  January  12,  2022;  (ii)  23,999  shares  of  our  common  stock  granted  to  Mr.  Teague  pursuant  to  the  Limoneira  Company 
Omnibus Incentive Plan fully vested; and (iii) Mr. Teague received certain other benefits as set forth in the agreement. In fiscal year 
2022, Mr. Teague received $0.4 million cash severance and $0.3 million accelerated vesting of stock-based compensation.

In  February  2022,  we  terminated  our  Avocado  Marketing  Agreement  and  the  associated  Letter  Agreement  Regarding  Fruit 
Commitment with Calavo to pursue opportunities with other packing and marketing companies.

In  March  2022,  we  signed  an  agreement  to  lease  Finca  Santa  Clara,  our  1,200-acre  lemon  ranch  in  Argentina,  to  FGF  Trapani 
("FGF"), our 49% partner in Trapani Fresh. The lease is retroactive beginning November 1, 2021, with a term of 14 months at a 
fixed sum of $0.4 million, payable in five equal, monthly installments from August 2022 through December 2022. We expect to 
extend the lease agreement for an additional year.

In April 2022, the promissory note previously received for the sale of our Centennial property, with a net carrying value of $2.4 
million, was paid in full and the deferred gain of $0.2 million was recognized.

In June 2022, we engaged with YMIDD in a two-year fallowing and forbearance program at our Associated Citrus Packers, Inc. 
("Associated")  ranch  in  Yuma,  Arizona.  We  expect  to  receive  payments  totaling  approximately  $1.3  million  during  the  program. 
With the fallowing program in place, this ranch will have approximately 700 acres of productive lemons, 400 fallowed acres and 
200 acres of other crops.

In October 2022, we sold our Oxnard Lemon property and packing facility located in Ventura County, California. We received net 
proceeds of $19.1 million and recognized a gain of approximately $0.8 million. Concurrent with the closing of the sale, we entered 
into a lease agreement to continue our use of the property as a lessee for a period of 36 months from the closing date, with extension 
options for an additional 24 months.  

On December 20, 2022, we declared a cash dividend of $0.075 per common share payable on January 13, 2023, in the aggregate 
amount of $1.3 million to stockholders of record as of January 3, 2023. 

In fiscal year 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell our Sevilla property for $2.7 million, which closed on November 30, 2022. 
We received net proceeds of $2.6 million and recorded an immaterial loss in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023.

COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on the industries and markets in which we conduct business. In particular, the 
United States lemon market saw a significant decline in volume, with lemon demand falling since widespread shelter in place orders 
were  issued  in  March  2020,  resulting  in  a  significant  market  oversupply.  The  export  market  for  fresh  produce  also  significantly 
declined due to the COVID-19 pandemic impacts. As of October 31, 2022, the demand within both markets is recovering but has 
not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels.

The  decline  in  demand  for  our  products  beginning  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  year  2020,  which  we  believe  was  due  to  the 
COVID-19 pandemic, negatively impacted our sales and profitability for the last three quarters of fiscal year 2020 and all of fiscal 
years  2021  and  2022.  The  COVID-19  pandemic  may  impact  our  sales  and  profitability  in  future  periods.  The  duration  of  these 
trends and the magnitude of such impacts cannot be estimated at this time, as they are influenced by a number of factors, many of 
which  are  outside  management’s  control,  including,  but  not  limited,  to  those  presented  in  Item  1A.  Risk  Factors  of  this  Annual 

 6

Report.  Notwithstanding  the  adverse  impacts  and  subject  to  unforeseen  changes  that  may  arise  as  the  COVID-19  pandemic 
continues, we currently expect improvement in fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022.

Given the economic uncertainty as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic over the past three years, we have taken actions to improve 
our  current  liquidity  position,  including  temporarily  postponing  capital  expenditures,  selling  equity  securities  to  increase  cash, 
reducing operating costs, substantially reducing discretionary spending and strategically selling certain assets.

There is continued uncertainty around the breadth and duration of our business disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, as 
well  as  its  impact  on  the  U.S.  economy  and  the  ongoing  business  operations  of  our  customers.  The  ongoing  impact  of  the 
COVID-19 pandemic on our results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity for fiscal year 2023 and beyond cannot be fully 
estimated  at  this  point.  The  following  discussions  are  subject  to  the  future  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  on  our  ongoing 
business operations.

Business Division Summary 

We  have  three  business  divisions:  agribusiness,  rental  operations  and  real  estate  development.  The  agribusiness  division  is 
comprised  of  four  reportable  operating  segments:  fresh  lemons,  lemon  packing,  avocados  and  other  agribusiness,  which  includes 
oranges,  specialty  citrus  and  other  crops.  The  agribusiness  division  includes  our  core  operations  of  farming,  harvesting,  lemon 
packing  and  citrus  sales  operations.  The  rental  operations  division  includes  our  residential  and  commercial  rentals,  leased  land 
operations and organic recycling. The real estate development division includes our investments in real estate development projects. 
Financial information and discussion of our four reportable segments are contained in the notes to the accompanying consolidated 
financial statements of this Annual Report.

Agribusiness Summary

 7

Farming

Lemons.  We  market  and  sell  lemons  directly  to  our  food  service,  wholesale  and  retail  customers  throughout  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Asia,  Australia,  Europe  and  certain  other  international  markets.  We  are  one  of  the  largest  lemon  growers  in  the  United 
States with approximately 5,600 acres of lemons planted primarily in Ventura, Tulare and San Bernardino Counties in California 
and in Yuma County, Arizona. In California, the lemon growing area stretches from the Coachella Valley to Fresno and Monterey 
Counties, with the majority of the growing areas located in the coastal areas from Ventura County to Monterey County. Ventura 
County  is  California’s  top  lemon  producing  county.  Approximately  29%  of  our  lemons  are  grown  in  Ventura  County,  20%  are 
grown in Tulare County, 12% are grown in Yuma County, Arizona and 11% are grown in San Bernardino County, California. We 
also grow approximately 9% of our lemons near La Serena, Chile and 19% of our lemons in Argentina.

There are many varieties of lemons, with the Lisbon, Eureka and Genoa being the predominant varieties marketed on a worldwide 
basis.  Approximately  88%  of  our  lemon  plantings  are  of  the  Lisbon,  Eureka  and  Genoa  varieties  and  approximately  12%  are  of 
other varieties such as sweet Meyer lemons, Proprietary Seedless lemons and Pink Variegated lemons. California-grown lemons are 
available  throughout  the  year,  with  peak  production  periods  occurring  from  January  through  August.  The  storage  life  of  fresh 
lemons generally ranges from one to 18 weeks, depending upon the maturity of the fruit, the growing methods used and the handling 
conditions in the distribution chain.

Avocados.  We  are  one  of  the  largest  avocado  growers  in  the  United  States  with  approximately  900  acres  of  avocados  planted 
throughout Ventura County. In California, the avocado growing area stretches from San Diego County to Monterey County, with 
the majority of the growing areas located approximately 100 miles north and south of Los Angeles County.

California-grown  avocados  have  peak  production  periods  occurring  between  February  and  July.  Other  avocado  varieties  have  a 
more  limited  picking  season  and  typically  command  a  lower  price.  Because  of  superior  eating  quality,  the  Hass  avocado  has 
contributed  greatly  to  the  avocado’s  growing  popularity  through  its  retail,  restaurant  and  other  food  service  uses.  Approximately 

 8

95% of our avocado plantings are of the Hass variety. The storage life of fresh avocados generally ranges from one to four weeks, 
depending upon the maturity of the fruit, the growing methods used and the handling conditions in the distribution chain.

Through fiscal year 2021, the Company sold the majority of its avocado production to Calavo Growers, Inc. (“Calavo”), a packing 
and marketing company listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CVGW. In February 2022, the Company 
terminated  its  Avocado  Marketing  Agreement  and  the  associated  Letter  Agreement  Regarding  Fruit  Commitment  with  Calavo  to 
pursue opportunities with other packing and marketing companies.

Primarily due to differing soil conditions, the care of avocado trees is intensive. The need for more production per acre to compete 
with foreign sources of supply has required us to take an important lead in the practice of dense planting (typically four times the 
number  of  avocado  trees  per  acre  versus  traditional  avocado  plantings)  and  mulching  composition  to  help  trees  acclimate  under 
conditions that more closely resemble those found in the tropics, a better climate for avocado growth.

Oranges,  Specialty  Citrus  and  Other  Crops.  We  have  approximately  1,000  acres  of  oranges  planted  primarily  in  Tulare  County, 
California.  In  California,  the  growing  area  for  oranges  stretches  from  Imperial  County  to  Yolo  County.  California-grown  Navel 
oranges are available from October to June, with peak production periods occurring between January and April. Approximately 96% 
of our orange plantings are of the Navel variety and approximately 4% are of the Valencia variety. We estimate approximately 70% 
of  our  oranges  are  sold  to  retail  customers  and  approximately  30%  are  sold  to  wholesale  customers.  We  currently  have 
approximately  1,000  acres  of  specialty  citrus  and  other  crops  planted  such  as  Moro  blood  oranges,  Cara  Cara  oranges,  Minneola 
tangelos, Star Ruby grapefruit, pummelos, pistachios and wine grapes.

We utilize third-party packinghouses to process and pack our oranges and specialty citrus. A portion of our oranges and specialty 
citrus is marketed and sold under the Sunkist brand by Sunkist and orders are processed by Sunkist-member packinghouses. As an 
agricultural cooperative, Sunkist coordinates the sales and marketing of the oranges and specialty citrus and orders are processed by 
Sunkist-member packinghouses for direct shipment to customers.

We currently market our other crops, such as pistachios and wine grapes, utilizing processors that are not members of agricultural 
cooperatives.  Our  pistachios  are  harvested  and  sold  to  a  roaster,  packager  and  marketer  of  nuts,  and  our  wine  grapes  are  sold  to 
various wine producers.

Plantings

We have agricultural plantings on properties located in the United States, Chile and Argentina. The following is a description of our 
agriculture properties:

Ranch Name
Limoneira/Olivelands 
La Campana 
Teague McKevett 
Orchard Farm 
Rancho La Cuesta
Limco Del Mar
Porterville Ranches
Ducor Ranches
Sheldon Ranches
Lemons 400

Windfall Farms
Cadiz
Associated Citrus Packers
Pan de Azucar & San Pablo
Santa Clara
Other agribusiness land
Total
Percentage of Total

County / State or 
Country

Ventura, CA
Ventura, CA
Ventura, CA
Ventura, CA
Ventura, CA
Ventura, CA
Tulare, CA
Tulare, CA
Tulare, CA
Tulare, CA

Total
Acres
  1,700 
300 
500 
  1,100 
200 
200 
  1,200 
  1,000 
700 
800 

Lemons Avocados Oranges
— 
500 
— 
300 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
100 
300 
— 
300 
— 
300 
— 
— 
— 

600 
— 
— 
700 
100 
100 
300 
300 
100 
400 

San Luis Obispo, CA
San Bernardino, CA
Yuma, AZ
La Serena, Chile
Jujuy, Argentina
Various Counties, CA  

700 
800 
  1,300 
  3,500 
  1,200 
200 
  15,400 

— 
600 
700 
500 
  1,000 
200 
  5,600 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
900 

— 
— 
— 
100 
— 
— 
  1,000 

Specialty
Crops
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
300 
300 
100 
— 

300 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
  1,000 

Other
600 
— 
500 
400 
100 
— 
300 
100 
200 
400 

400 
200 
600 
  2,900 
200 
— 
  6,900 

 100 %

 36 %

 6 %

 7 %

 7 %

 44 %

 9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Limoneira/Olivelands  Ranch  is  the  original  site  of  our  Company.  Our  headquarters,  lemon  packing  operations  and  storage 
facilities are located on this property.

The Teague McKevett Ranch is the site of our real estate development project known as East Area I and described below under the 
“Real Estate Development Summary” heading.

The  other  agribusiness  land  in  the  table  above  includes  corporate  and  lemon  packing  facilities,  land  leased  to  other  agricultural 
businesses, rental units, roads, creeks, hillsides and other open land.

Our orchards can maintain production for many years. For financial reporting purposes, we depreciate our orchards from 20 to 40 
years depending on the fruit variety with the majority of our orchards depreciated over 20 to 30 years. We regularly evaluate our 
orchards’  production  and  growing  costs  and  based  on  these  and  other  factors,  we  may  decide  to  redevelop  certain  orchards.  In 
addition,  we  may  acquire  agricultural  property  with  existing  productive  orchards  or  without  productive  orchards,  which  would 
require new orchard plantings. The fruit varieties that we grow are typically non-producing for approximately the first four to five 
years  after  the  year  of  planting.  Orchards  may  continue  producing  fruit  longer  than  their  depreciable  lives.  The  following  table 
presents the number of acres planted by fruit variety and approximate age of our orchards:

Lemons
Avocados
Oranges
Specialty citrus and other
Total 

Lemon Packing and Sales

Age of Orchards

0-5 Years

6-25 Years

Over 25 
Years

Total

1,000 
100 
— 
— 
1,100 

3,500 
300 
500 
900 
5,200 

1,100 
500 
500 
100 
2,200 

5,600 
900 
1,000 
1,000 
8,500 

We are one of the oldest continuous lemon packing operations in North America. We pack and sell lemons grown by us as well as 
lemons grown by others, the operations of which are included in our financial statements under the lemon packing segment. Lemons 
delivered  to  our  packinghouse  in  Santa  Paula,  California  and  Yuma,  Arizona  are  sized,  graded,  cooled,  ripened  and  packed  for 
delivery to customers. Our ability to accurately estimate the size, grade and timing of the delivery of the annual lemon crop has a 
substantial impact on both our costs and the sales price we receive for the fruit.

A  significant  portion  of  the  costs  related  to  our  lemon  packing  operation  is  fixed.  We  invest  considerable  time  and  research  into 
refining  and  improving  our  lemon  packing  through  innovation  and  are  continuously  searching  for  new  techniques  to  refine  how 
premium lemons are delivered to our consumers. Our strategy for growing the profitability of our lemon packing operations calls for 
optimizing  the  percentage  of  a  crop  that  goes  to  the  fresh  market,  or  fresh  utilization,  and  procuring  a  larger  percentage  of  the 
California and Arizona lemon crop.

Rental Operations Summary

Our rental operations include our residential and commercial rentals, leased land operations and organic recycling. 

We own and maintain 257 residential housing units located mainly in Ventura and Tulare Counties in California that we lease to 
employees,  former  employees  and  non-employees.  We  also  own  several  commercial  office  buildings.  These  properties  generate 
reliable cash flows that we use to partially fund the operating cost's of our business. As of October 31, 2022, we lease approximately 
500 acres of our land to third-party agricultural tenants who grow a variety of row crops. Our leased land business provides us with 
a profitable method to diversify the use of our land. We also partner with one of our tenants and have an organic recycling facility 
on our land in Ventura County. Effective November 1, 2021, we also lease our 1,200 acre Santa Clara ranch in Argentina.

Real Estate Development Summary                         

We  invest  in  real  estate  development  projects  and  recognize  that  long-term  strategies  are  required  for  successful  real  estate 
development activities. Our goal is to redeploy real estate earnings and cash flow into the expansion of our agribusiness and other 
income producing real estate. For real estate development projects and joint ventures, it is not unusual for the timing and amounts of 
revenues and costs, partner contributions and distributions, project loans, other financing assumptions and project cash flows to be 

 10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
impacted  by  government  approvals,  project  revenue  and  cost  estimates  and  assumptions,  economic  conditions,  financing  sources 
and product demand as well as other factors. Such factors could affect our results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. 

For  more  than  100  years,  we  have  been  making  strategic  real  estate  investments  in  California  agricultural  and  developable  real 
estate. Our current real estate developments include developable land parcels, multi-family housing and single-family homes with 
approximately 900 units in various stages of planning and development. The following is a summary of each of the strategic real 
estate investment properties in which we own an interest:

East Area I - Santa Paula, California. East Area I consists of 523 acres that we historically used as agricultural land and is located 
in Santa Paula approximately ten miles from the City of Ventura and the Pacific Ocean. This property was formerly known as our 
Teague McKevett Ranch. East Area I is the location for our master planned community of commercial and residential properties, 
named Harvest at Limoneira, designed to satisfy expected demand in a region that we believe will have few other developments in 
this coming decade. 

In  November  2015,  we  entered  into  a  joint  venture  with  Lewis  for  the  residential  development  of  our  East  Area  I  real  estate 
development  project.  To  consummate  the  transaction,  we  formed  LLCB  as  the  development  entity,  contributed  our  East  Area  I 
property to the joint venture and sold a 50% interest in the joint venture to Lewis for $20.0 million. The first phase of the project 
broke ground to commence mass grading in November 2017. Project plans include approximately 1,500 residential units and site 
improvements. A total of 586 residential units have closed from the project's inception to October 31, 2022. 

In October 2022, we entered into another joint venture with Lewis for the development of our 17-acre East Area I Retained Property 
(“Retained  Property”),  which  is  located  within  the  East  Area  I  property.  We  formed  LLCB  II,  LLC  as  the  development  entity, 
contributed  our  Retained  Property  to  the  joint  venture  and  sold  a  50%  interest  to  Lewis  for  approximately  $8.0  million.  In 
connection with the closing, we amended LLCB’s Limited Liability Company Agreement to provide that LLCB is to include the 
processing of final approval for additional residential units to be developed and constructed on the Retained Property. 

The joint venture partners will share in capital contributions to fund project costs until loan proceeds and/or revenues are sufficient 
to fund the projects. Since inception, each partner has made funding contributions of $21.4 million to LLCB. We expect to receive 
approximately $115.0 million from LLCB and LLCB II over the seven remaining years of the projects, including the $8.0 million 
received in fiscal year 2022.

 11

East  Area  II  -  Santa  Paula,  California.  Our  design  associates  and  we  are  in  the  process  of  formulating  plans  for  East  Area  II,  a 
parcel  of  approximately  30  acres  adjacent  to  East  Area  I.  In  July  2021,  we  entered  into  a  non-binding  letter  of  intent  to  sell 
approximately  25  acres  of  our  East  Area  II  property  in  five  staged  purchases  to  an  investment  company  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing a medical campus consisting of medical office buildings and an acute care hospital. Completion of the transaction is 
subject to the execution of a purchase and sale agreement and resolution of certain contingencies. 

Santa Maria - Santa Barbara County, California. As of October 31, 2022, we were invested in one entitled development parcel, 
Sevilla, located in Santa Maria in Santa Barbara County, California. In fiscal year 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell our 
Sevilla property for $2.7 million, which closed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023.

Markets and Competitive Strengths

Agribusiness Operations

With agricultural operations dating back to 1893, we are one of California’s oldest citrus growers and one of the largest growers of 
lemons and avocados in the United States. Consequently, we have developed significant experience with a variety of crops, mainly 
lemons, avocados and oranges. The following is a brief list of what we believe are our significant competitive strengths with respect 
to our agribusiness operations:

•

•

•

•

•
•

•

Our agricultural properties in Ventura County are located near the Pacific Ocean, which provides an ideal environment 
for growing lemons, avocados and row crops. Our agricultural properties in Tulare County, which is in the San Joaquin 
Valley  in  Central  California,  and  in  Yuma,  Arizona,  are  also  located  in  areas  that  are  well-suited  for  growing  citrus 
crops.

Historically,  a  higher  percentage  of  our  crops  goes  to  the  fresh  market,  which  is  commonly  referred  to  as  fresh 
utilization, than that of other growers and packers with which we compete.

We have contiguous and nearby land resources that permit us to efficiently use our agricultural land and resources.

In all but one of our properties, we are not dependent on State or Federal water projects to support our agribusiness or 
real estate development operations.
We own approximately 94% of our agricultural land and take a long view on our fruit production practices.
A significant amount of our agribusiness property was acquired many years ago, which results in a low-cost basis and 
associated expenses.
In  our  fresh  lemons  and  lemon  packing  segments,  our  integrated  business  model  with  respect  to  growing,  packing, 
marketing and selling citrus allows us to better serve our customers.

 12

•

•

•

Our lemon packing operations provide marketing opportunities with other citrus companies and their respective products.

We  have  made  investments  in  ground-based  solar  projects  that  provide  us  with  tangible  and  intangible  non-revenue 
generating benefits. The electricity generated by these investments provides us with a significant portion of the electricity 
required  to  operate  our  packinghouse  and  cold  storage  facilities  located  in  Santa  Paula,  California  and  provides  a 
significant  portion  of  the  electricity  required  to  operate  four  deep-water  well  pumps  at  one  of  our  ranches  in  Tulare 
County, California. Additionally, these investments support our sustainable agricultural practices, reduce our dependence 
on fossil-based electricity generation and lower our carbon footprint. Moreover, electricity that we generate and do not 
use is conveyed seamlessly back to the investor-owned utilities operating in these two markets. Finally, over time, we 
expect that our customers and the end consumers of our fruit will value the investments that we have made in renewable 
energy as a part of our farming and packing operations, which we believe may help us differentiate our products from 
similar commodities.

We have made various other investments in water rights and mutual water companies. We own shares in the following 
mutual water companies: Farmers Irrigation Co., Canyon Irrigation Co., San Cayetano Mutual Water Co., Middle Road 
Mutual  Water  Co.  and  Pioneer  Water  Company,  Inc.  Additionally,  we  acquired  water  rights  in  the  adjudicated  Santa 
Paula Basin (aquifer), the YMIDD and in Chile.

Real Estate Development Operations

With respect to our real estate development operations, we believe our competitive advantages are as follows:

•

•

•

•

We have entitlements to build approximately 1,500 residential units in our East Area I development.

We have partnered with an experienced and financially strong land developer for our East Area I residential master plan 
development.

Several of our agricultural and real estate investment properties are unique and carry longer-term development potential.

Our East Area II property has approximately 30 acres of land commercially zoned, which is adjacent to our East Area I 
property.

Business Strategy

We are an agribusiness and real estate development company that generates revenue and annual cash flows to support investments 
in agricultural efficiencies and acquisitions and real estate development activities. As our agricultural and non-strategic real estate 
development investments are monetized, we intend to use the cash flow to reduce existing debt, fund acquisitions, invest in farming 
efficiencies and expand packing capacities through our One World of Citrus Asset Light Business Model. We will also use more 
third-party grower and supplier fruit to reduce the impact of pricing volatility and rising farming costs.  

We believe the asset-lighter model will enable us to achieve revenue and cash flow growth by reducing investment risk in North and 
South America, generating more stable and higher growth in cash flow and earnings, and improving our annual return on invested 
capital.

The following describes the key elements of our business strategy.

Agribusiness

With respect to our agribusiness operations, key elements of our strategy are:

•

Expand our One World of Citrus Asset Light Business Model in three main channels: 

◦ Growing, packing, marketing and distributing fruit grown on our properties;
◦ Utilizing third-party fruit by packing, marketing and distributing their fruit through Limoneira channels; and
◦ Marketing and distributing brokered fruit.

We  intend  to  strategically  sell  certain  assets  to  reduce  existing  debt,  fund  acquisitions,  increase  farming  efficiencies  and 
expand packing capabilities. Increased volume of fruit sales is expected to be fueled by sourcing from third-party growers 
and suppliers, thus mitigating the volatility that commodity pricing has on growers.

•

Expand  our  Sources  of  Lemon  Supply.    Peak  lemon  production  occurs  at  different  times  of  the  year  depending  on 
geographic region. In addition to our lemon production in California and Arizona and lemons we acquire from domestic 

 13

third-party growers and suppliers, we have expanded our lemon supply sources to international markets such as Mexico, 
Chile  and  Argentina.  Increases  in  lemons  procured  from  third-party  growers  and  suppliers  and  international  sources 
improve our ability to provide our customers with fresh lemons throughout the year.

•

•

•

Increase  the  Volume  of  our  Lemon  Packing  Operations.    We  regularly  monitor  our  costs  for  redundancies  and 
opportunities for cost reductions. In this regard, cost per carton is a function of throughput. We continually seek to acquire 
additional lemons from third-party growers and suppliers to pack through our packing facilities. Third-party growers and 
suppliers are only added if we determine their fruit is of good quality and can be cost effective for both the grower and 
us. Of most importance is the overall fresh utilization rate for our fruit, which is directly related to quality.

Expand International Sales and Marketing of Lemons.  We estimate that we currently have approximately 10% of the fresh 
lemon  market  in  the  United  States  and  a  larger  share  of  the  United  States  lemon  export  market.  We  intend  to  explore 
opportunities  to  expand  our  international  sales  and  marketing  of  lemons.  We  have  the  ability  to  supply  a  wide  range  of 
customers and markets and, because we produce high quality lemons, we can export our lemons to international customers, 
which many of our competitors are unable to supply.

Opportunistically  Expand  our  Plantings  of  Avocados.    Our  plantings  of  avocados  have  been  profitable  and  have  been 
pursued to diversify our product line. Agricultural land that we believe is not suitable for lemons is typically planted with 
avocados,  oranges,  specialty  citrus  or  other  crops.  While  we  may  expand  our  avocados,  we  expect  to  do  so  on  an 
opportunistic basis in locations that we believe offer a record of historical profitability.

Other Operations

With respect to our rental operations and real estate development activities, key elements of our strategy include the following:

•

•

•

•

Selectively Secure Additional Rental and Housing Units.  Our housing, commercial and land rental operations provide us 
with  a  consistent,  dependable  source  of  cash  flow  that  helps  to  fund  our  overall  activities.  Additionally,  we  believe  our 
housing rental operation allows us to offer a unique benefit to our employees. 

Opportunistically Lease Land to Third-Party Crop Farmers.  We regularly monitor the profitability of our fruit-producing 
acreage  to  ensure  acceptable  per  acre  returns.  When  we  determine  that  leasing  the  land  to  third-party  row  crop  farmers 
would be more profitable than farming the land, we intend to seek third-party row crop tenants.

Opportunistically  Expand  our  Income-Producing  Commercial  and  Industrial  Rental  Assets.    We  intend  to  redeploy  our 
future financial gains to acquire additional income-producing real estate investments and agricultural properties.

Selectively  and  Responsibly  Develop  our  Agricultural  Land.    We  recognize  that  long-term  strategies  are  required  for 
successful  real  estate  development  activities.  We  thus  intend  to  maintain  our  position  as  a  responsible  agricultural 
landowner  and  major  employer  in  Ventura  County  while  focusing  our  real  estate  development  activities  on  those 
agricultural  land  parcels  that  we  believe  offer  the  best  opportunities  to  demonstrate  our  long-term  vision  for  our 
community.

Customers

We  market  and  sell  our  lemons  directly  to  our  food  service,  wholesale  and  retail  customers  in  the  United  States,  Canada,  Asia, 
Australia, Europe and certain other international markets. We sold lemons to approximately 200 U.S. and international customers 
during fiscal year 2022. We sell our avocados, oranges, specialty citrus and other crops to third-party packinghouses and our wine 
grapes to wine producers.

Competition

The agribusiness crop markets are intensely competitive, but no single producer has any significant market power over any market 
segments,  as  is  consistent  with  the  production  of  most  agricultural  commodities.  Generally,  there  are  a  large  number  of  global 
producers that sell through joint marketing organizations and cooperatives. Fruit is also sold to independent packers, both public and 
private,  who  then  sell  to  their  own  customer  base.  Customers  are  typically  large  retail  chains,  food  service  companies,  industrial 
manufacturers and distributors who sell and deliver to smaller customers in local markets throughout the world. In the purest sense, 
our largest competitors in our agribusiness segments are other citrus and avocado producers in California, Mexico, Chile, Argentina 
and  Florida,  a  number  of  which  are  members  of  cooperatives  such  as  Sunkist  or  have  selling  relationships  with  third-party 

 14

packinghouses similar to that of Limoneira. Our lemons and oranges also compete with other fruits and vegetables for the share of 
consumer  expenditures  devoted  to  fresh  fruit  and  vegetables:  apples,  pears,  melons,  pineapples  and  other  tropical  fruit.  Avocado 
products compete in the supermarket with hummus products and other dips and salsas. For our specific crops, the size of the U.S. 
market is approximately $661 million for lemons, both fresh and juice, approximately $340 million for avocados, and approximately 
$1.6 billion for oranges, both fresh and juice. Competition in the various agribusiness markets is affected by reliability of supply, 
product quality, brand recognition and perception, price and the ability to satisfy changing customer preferences through innovative 
product offerings.

The  sale  and  leasing  of  residential,  commercial  and  industrial  real  estate  is  very  competitive,  with  competition  coming  from 
numerous and varied sources throughout California. Our greatest direct competition for each of our current real estate development 
properties in Ventura County comes from other residential and commercial developments in nearby areas.

Resources and Raw Materials

In our fresh lemons and lemon packing segments, paper is considered a material raw product for our business because most of our 
products are packed in cardboard cartons for shipment. Paper is readily available and we have numerous suppliers for such material. 
In our agribusiness division, petroleum-based products such as herbicides and pesticides are considered raw materials and we have 
numerous suppliers for these products.

Intellectual Property

We  have  numerous  trademarks  and  brands  under  which  we  market  and  sell  our  fruits,  particularly  lemons,  domestically  and 
internationally, many of which have been owned for decades. The material brands of Limoneira lemons include, but are not limited 
to, One World of Citrus®, Santa®, Paula®, Bridal Veil®, Fountain®, Golden Bowl® and Level®. These trademarks are owned by 
us  and  registered  with  the  United  States  Patent  and  Trademark  Office.  We  also  acquired  certain  lemon  brands  with  acquisitions, 
including Kiva®, Kachina®, Oxnard Lemon and Trapani Fresh.

Seasonal Nature of Business

As with any agribusiness enterprise, our agribusiness operations are predominantly seasonal in nature. The harvest and sale of our 
lemons, avocados, oranges and specialty citrus and other crops occurs in all quarters, but is generally more concentrated during our 
third  quarter.  Our  lemons  are  generally  grown  and  marketed  throughout  the  year,  our  avocados  are  primarily  sold  from  January 
through August, our oranges are primarily sold from January through June, our specialty citrus is primarily sold from November 
through April and our other crops, such as pistachios and wine grapes, are primarily sold in September and October.

Environmental and Regulatory Matters

Our  agribusiness  and  real  estate  development  divisions  are  subject  to  a  broad  range  of  evolving  federal,  state  and  local 
environmental  laws  and  regulations.  For  example,  the  growing,  packing,  storing  and  distributing  of  our  products  is  extensively 
regulated by various federal and state agencies. The California State Department of Food and Agriculture oversees our packing and 
processing of lemons and conducts tests for fruit quality and packaging standards. We are also subject to laws and regulations that 
govern  the  use  of  pesticides  and  other  potentially  hazardous  substances  and  the  treatment,  handling,  storage  and  disposal  of 
materials  and  waste  and  the  remediation  of  contaminated  properties.  Advertising  of  our  products  is  subject  to  regulation  by  the 
Federal Trade Commission and our operations are subject to certain health and safety regulations, including those issued under the 
Occupational Safety and Health Act.

We seek to comply at all times with all such laws and regulations and to obtain any necessary permits and licenses, and we are not 
aware  of  any  instances  of  material  non-compliance.  We  believe  our  facilities  and  practices  are  sufficient  to  maintain  compliance 
with  applicable  governmental  laws,  regulations,  permits  and  licenses.  Nevertheless,  there  is  no  guarantee  that  we  will  be  able  to 
comply  with  any  future  laws  and  regulations  for  necessary  permits  and  licenses.  Our  failure  to  comply  with  applicable  laws  and 
regulations or obtain any necessary permits and licenses could subject us to civil remedies including fines, injunctions, recalls or 
seizures, as well as potential criminal sanctions. These remedies can increase costs, decrease revenues and lead to additional charges 
to earnings, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

For  a  discussion  of  the  various  risks  we  face  from  regulation  and  compliance  matters,  see  Item  1A.  Risk  Factors  of  this  Annual 
Report.

 15

Human Capital Resources

At October 31, 2022, we had 265 employees, of which 95 were salaried and 170 were hourly. None of our employees are subject to 
a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.

We  believe  that  an  environment  of  diversity,  inclusion  and  belonging  fosters  innovation,  strengthens  our  global  workforce,  and 
drives our ability to serve customers. Our global presence is strengthened by having a workforce that reflects the diversity of the 
customers we serve and by maintaining an environment in which such diversity contributes to our mission.

Limoneira  is  committed  to  protecting  the  human  rights,  safety  and  dignity  of  the  people  who  contribute  to  the  success  of  our 
business.  We  are  committed  to  improving  the  lives  of  all  our  stakeholders  by  helping  to  provide  access  to  our  products  and 
increasing the diversity of our workforce. We also seek to support the welfare of the people who produce, process and harvest the 
products we sell. We have established several new diversity, inclusion and belonging efforts and programs to better ensure that we 
are supporting our employees. 

Limoneira’s overall culture emphasizes the health and safety of our employees and the customers we serve. Limoneira has an Illness 
and Injury Prevention Plan (IIPP), a Safety Guide and conforms to and follows regulations and guidelines set forth by OSHA in all 
facilities  and  operations.  Where  a  particular  jurisdiction's  guidelines,  such  as  Cal  OHSA,  are  different  from  the  OSHA  standard, 
Limoneira  adheres  to  the  most  extensive  guidelines.  We  have  excellent  results  from  our  safety  programs  compared  to  similar 
companies  within  our  industry.  In  response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  we  implemented,  and  continue  to  improve,  appropriate 
safety measures in all our facilities and locations.

We strive to be a great place for our employees to work and live. We offer competitive pay and best-in-class benefits, including a 
401k  plan  with  matching  contribution  opportunities,  comprehensive  paid  healthcare  plans,  wellness  programs,  and  tuition 
reimbursement.

We own and maintain 257 residential housing units located mainly in Ventura and Tulare Counties in California. We lease these 
housing units to employees, former employees and non-employees. Our residential units provide affordable housing to many of our 
employees, including our agribusiness employees. Employees live close to their work, which reduces traffic and commuting times. 
This unique employment benefit helps us maintain a dependable, long-term employee base. We partner with some local schools to 
provide transportation for residents.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Related to Our Agribusiness Operations

Adverse weather conditions, natural disasters, including earthquakes and wildfires, and other natural conditions, including the 
effects of climate change, could impose significant costs and losses on our business.

Fresh produce is vulnerable to adverse weather conditions, including windstorms, floods, drought and temperature extremes, which 
are quite common and may occur with higher frequency or be less predictable in the future due to the effects of climate change. 
Unfavorable growing conditions can reduce both crop size and crop quality. In extreme cases, entire harvests may be lost in some 
geographic areas. We purchase crop insurance for certain crops which partially mitigates our exposure.

All of our crops are subject to damage from frosts and freezes, and this has happened periodically in the past. In some cases, the 
fruit is damaged or ruined; in the case of extended periods of cold, the trees can also be damaged or killed.

Additionally, a significant portion of our agricultural plantings and our corporate headquarters are located in a region of California 
that  is  prone  to  natural  disasters  such  as  earthquakes  and  wildfires.  For  example,  in  December  2017,  high  winds  and  the  related 
Southern California wildfires caused a brief power outage at our Santa Paula, California packinghouse and destroyed 14 of our farm 
worker housing units. While our orchards did not suffer significant damage in the wildfire, the potential for significant damage to a 
substantial amount of our plantings from a natural disaster in the future continues to exist. Furthermore, if a natural disaster or other 
event occurs that prevents us from using all or a significant portion of our corporate headquarters, as a result of a power outage or 
otherwise, or that damages critical infrastructure, it may be difficult or, in certain cases, impossible for us to continue our business 
for a substantial amount of time.

For  the  foregoing  reasons,  adverse  weather  conditions,  natural  disasters,  including  earthquakes  and  wildfires,  or  other  natural 
conditions, including the effects of climate change, could severely disrupt our operations, and have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. 

 16

Our agricultural plantings are potentially subject to damage from disease and pests, which could impose losses on our business 
and the prevention of which could impose significant additional costs on us.

Fresh produce is vulnerable to crop disease and to pests (e.g., Mediterranean Fruit Fly and the Asian Citrus Psyllid (“ACP”)), which 
may vary in severity and effect, depending on the stage of production at the time of infection or infestation, the type of treatment 
applied and climatic conditions.

ACP  is  an  aphid-like  insect  that  is  a  serious  pest  to  all  citrus  plants  because  it  can  transmit  the  disease  Huanglongbing  ("HLB") 
when it feeds on the plants' leaves and trees. ACP is a federal action quarantine pest subject to interstate and international quarantine 
restrictions by the United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), including a prohibition on the movement of nursery stock 
out of quarantine areas and a requirement that all citrus fruit be cleaned of leaves and stems prior to movement out of the quarantine 
area. Due to the discovery of ACP in our orchards, we have experienced costs related to the quarantine and treatment of ACP. To 
date, HLB has been detected in California, however there has been no HLB detected in our orchards. There can be no assurance that 
HLB will not be further detected in the future.

The  costs  to  control  these  diseases  and  other  infestations  vary  depending  on  the  severity  of  the  damage  and  the  extent  of  the 
plantings affected. Moreover, there can be no assurance that available technologies to control such infestations will continue to be 
effective.  These  infestations  can  increase  costs,  decrease  revenues  and  lead  to  additional  charges  to  earnings,  which  may  have  a 
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our strategy of marketing and selling our lemons directly to our food service, wholesale and retail customers may not continue 
to be successful.

Directly obtaining and retaining customers, particularly chain stores and other large customers, is highly competitive, and the prices 
or other terms of our sales arrangements may not be sufficient to retain existing business, maintain current levels of profitability or 
obtain new business. Industry consolidation (horizontally and vertically) and other factors have increased the buying leverage of the 
major grocery retailers in our markets, which may put further downward pressure on our pricing and volume and could adversely 
affect our results of operations.

Our earnings are sensitive to fluctuations in market supply and prices and demand for our products.

Excess supply often causes severe price competition in our industry. Growing conditions in various parts of the world, particularly 
weather  conditions  such  as  windstorms,  floods,  droughts  and  freezes,  as  well  as  diseases  and  pests,  are  primary  factors  affecting 
market prices because of their influence on the supply and quality of product. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also reduced 
the demand for our products resulting in excess supply.

Fresh  produce  is  highly  perishable  and  generally  must  be  brought  to  market  and  sold  soon  after  harvest.  Some  items,  such  as 
avocados, oranges and specialty citrus, must be sold more quickly, while other items, such as lemons, can be held in cold storage for 
longer periods of time. The selling price received for each type of produce depends on all of these factors, including the availability 
and quality of the produce item in the market and the availability and quality of competing types of produce.

In addition, general public perceptions regarding the quality, safety or health risks associated with particular food products could 
reduce demand and prices for some of our products. To the extent that consumer preferences evolve away from products that we 
produce for health or other reasons, and we are unable to modify our products or to develop products that satisfy new consumer 
preferences,  there  will  be  a  decreased  demand  for  our  products.  However,  even  if  market  prices  are  unfavorable,  produce  items 
which are ready to be, or have been, harvested must be brought to market promptly. A decrease in the selling price received for our 
products due to the factors described above could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial 
condition.

Our earnings may be subject to seasonal variability.

Our earnings may be affected by seasonal factors, including:

•
•
•

the seasonality of our supplies and consumer demand;
the ability to process products during critical harvest periods; and
the timing and effects of ripening and perishability.

 17

Increases in commodity or raw product costs, such as fuel and paper, could adversely affect our operating results.

Many  factors  may  affect  the  cost  and  supply  of  fresh  produce,  including  external  conditions,  commodity  market  fluctuations, 
currency  fluctuations,  changes  in  governmental  laws  and  regulations,  agricultural  programs,  severe  and  prolonged  weather 
conditions and natural disasters. Increased costs for purchased fruit have negatively impacted our operating results in the past, and 
there can be no assurance that they will not adversely affect our operating results in the future.

The price of various commodities can significantly affect our costs. The cost of petroleum-based products is volatile and there can 
be no assurance that there will not be further increases in such costs in the future. If the price of oil rises, the costs of our herbicides 
and pesticides can be significantly impacted.

The cost of paper is also significant to us because some of our products are packed in cardboard boxes for shipment. If the price of 
paper increases and we are not able to effectively pass these price increases along to our customers, then our operating income will 
decrease. Increased costs for paper have negatively impacted our operating income in the past, and there can be no assurance that 
these increased costs will not adversely affect our operating results in the future.

Increases in labor, personnel and benefits costs could adversely affect our operating results.

We primarily utilize labor contractors to grow, harvest and deliver our fruit to our lemon packinghouse or outside packing facilities. 
We utilize a combination of employees and labor contractors to process our lemons in our lemon packing facility. Our employees 
and contractors are in demand by other agribusinesses and other industries. Shortages of labor could delay our harvesting or lemon 
processing activities or could result in increases in labor costs.

Our labor contractors and we are subject to government mandated wage and benefit laws and regulations. For example, the State of 
California, where a substantial number of our labor contractors are located, passed regulations that increased minimum wage rates 
from  $14.00  per  hour  to  $15.00  per  hour,  effective  January  1,  2022,  and  will  increase  to  $15.50  per  hour  in  2023.  The  State  of 
Arizona  wage  rates  rise  each  year  based  on  the  annual  cost  of  living  and  increased  from  $12.15  per  hour  to  $12.80  per  hour, 
effective  January  1,  2022,  and  will  increase  to  $13.85  per  hour  in  2023.  In  addition,  current  or  future  federal  or  state  healthcare 
legislation  and  regulation,  including  the  Affordable  Care  Act,  may  increase  our  medical  costs  or  the  medical  costs  of  our  labor 
contractors that could be passed on to us.

Changes in immigration laws could impact the ability of Limoneira to harvest its crops.

We engage third parties to provide personnel for our harvesting operations. The availability and number of such workers is subject 
to decrease if there are changes in U.S. immigration laws. The states in which we operate are considering or have already adopted 
new  immigration  laws  or  enforcement  programs,  and  the  U.S.  Congress  and  the  Department  of  Homeland  Security  from  time  to 
time  consider  and  may  implement  changes  to  federal  immigration  laws,  regulations  or  enforcement  programs.  Immigration  laws 
have  recently  been  an  area  of  considerable  focus  by  the  Department  of  Homeland  Security,  with  enforcement  operations  taking 
place  across  the  country,  resulting  in  arrests  and  detentions  of  unauthorized  workers.  Termination  of  a  significant  number  of 
personnel who are found to be unauthorized workers or the scarcity of available personnel to harvest our agricultural products could 
cause  harvesting  costs  to  increase  or  could  lead  to  the  loss  of  product  that  is  not  timely  harvested,  which  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect to our citrus grove operations, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The lack of sufficient water would severely impact our ability to produce crops or develop real estate.

The average rainfall in Ventura, Tulare, San Luis Obispo and San Bernardino Counties in California is substantially below amounts 
required  to  grow  crops  and  therefore  we  are  dependent  on  our  surface  water  rights  and  rights  to  pump  water  from  underground 
aquifers. Extended periods of drought in California may put additional pressure on the use and availability of water for agricultural 
uses, and in some cases, governmental authorities have diverted water to other uses. As California has grown in population, there 
are increasing and multiple pressures on the use and distribution of water, which many view as a finite resource. Lack of available 
potable water can also limit real estate development.

Our  water  resources  include  water  rights,  usage  rights  and  pumping  rights  to  the  water  in  aquifers  under,  and  canals  that  run 
through, the land we own. Water for our farming operations is sourced from the existing water resources associated with our land, 
which  includes  rights  to  water  in  the  adjudicated  Santa  Paula  Basin  (aquifer)  and  the  un-adjudicated  Fillmore  and  Paso  Robles 
Basins (aquifers). We use ground water and water from local water districts in Tulare County and ground water in San Bernardino 
County. We use federal project water in Arizona from the Colorado River through the YMIDD. We also have acquired water rights 
in Chile.

 18

California  has  experienced  below  average  precipitation  since  the  2019  -  2020  rainfall  season.  According  to  the  U.S.  Drought 
Monitor, San Bernardino County was experiencing severe drought conditions, Ventura County was experiencing extreme drought 
conditions  and  Tulare  County  was  experiencing  exceptional  drought  conditions  as  of  October  31,  2022.  In  October  2021,  the 
California  Governor  declared  a  drought  state  of  emergency  statewide.  Federal  officials  who  oversee  the  Central  Valley  Project, 
California’s largest water delivery system, allocated 0% of the contracted amount of water to San Joaquin Valley farmers in 2022, 
compared to 5% in 2021 and 100% in 2017 through 2020. We are assessing the impact these reductions may have on our California 
orchards.

In August 2021, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation declared a Level 1 Shortage Condition at Lake Mead in the Lower Colorado River 
Basin for the first time ever, requiring shortage reductions and water savings contributions for states in the southwest. In January 
2022, Arizona experienced water releases from Lake Mead reduced by approximately 18% of the state’s annual apportionment. In 
August  2022,  the  U.S.  Bureau  of  Reclamation  announced  Lake  Mead  to  operate  in  a  Tier  2  shortage,  which  increases  water 
restrictions for states in the southwest. In January 2023, Arizona will forfeit approximately 21% of the state's yearly allotment of 
water  from  Lake  Mead.  In  response,  we  entered  into  a  fallowing  agreement  and  we  are  assessing  the  impact  these  additional 
reductions may have on our Arizona orchards.

For  fiscal  year  2022,  irrigation  costs  for  our  agricultural  operations  were  $1.9  million  higher  than  fiscal  year  2021.  Costs  may 
increase  as  we  pump  more  water  than  our  historical  averages  and  federal,  state  and  local  water  delivery  infrastructure  costs  may 
increase to access these limited water supplies. We have an ongoing plan for irrigation improvements continuing in fiscal year 2023 
that includes drilling new wells and upgrading existing wells and irrigation systems.

We believe we have access to adequate supplies of water for our agricultural operations as well as our real estate development and 
rental operations and currently do not anticipate that future drought conditions will have a material impact on our operating results. 
However, if future drought conditions are worse than prior drought conditions or if regulatory responses to such conditions limit our 
access to water, our business could be negatively impacted by these conditions and responses in terms of access to water and/or cost 
of water.

The  use  of  herbicides,  pesticides  and  other  potentially  hazardous  substances  in  our  operations  may  lead  to  environmental 
damage and result in increased costs to us.

We use herbicides, pesticides and other potentially hazardous substances in the operation of our business. We may have to pay for 
the costs or damages associated with the improper application, accidental release or use or misuse of such substances. Our insurance 
may  not  be  adequate  to  cover  such  costs  or  damages  or  may  not  continue  to  be  available  at  a  price  or  under  terms  that  are 
satisfactory to us. In such cases, payment of such costs or damages could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition.

Environmental and other regulation of our business, including potential climate change regulation, could adversely impact us by 
increasing our production cost or restricting our ability to import certain products into the United States.

Our business depends on the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural products. The use and disposal of these products in 
some jurisdictions are subject to regulation by various agencies. A decision by a regulatory agency to significantly restrict the use of 
such products that have traditionally been used in the cultivation of one of our principal products could have an adverse impact on 
us. Under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and the Food Quality 
Protection Act of 1996, the EPA is undertaking a series of regulatory actions relating to the evaluation and use of pesticides in the 
food industry. Similarly, in the EU, regulation (EC) No. 1107/2009 fundamentally changed the pesticide approval process to hazard 
criteria  based  on  the  intrinsic  properties  of  the  substance.  These  actions  and  future  actions  regarding  the  availability  and  use  of 
pesticides could have an adverse effect on us. In addition, if a regulatory agency were to determine that we are not in compliance 
with a regulation in that agency’s jurisdiction, this could result in substantial penalties and a ban on the sale of part or all of our 
products in that jurisdiction.

A global economic downturn may have an adverse impact on participants in our industry, which cannot be fully predicted.

The  full  impact  of  a  global  economic  downturn  on  customers,  vendors  and  other  business  partners,  such  as  that  seen  with  the 
COVID-19 pandemic, cannot be anticipated. For example, major customers or vendors may have financial challenges unrelated to 
us  that  could  result  in  a  decrease  in  their  business  with  us  or,  in  extreme  cases,  cause  them  to  file  for  bankruptcy  protection. 
Similarly,  parties  to  contracts  may  be  forced  to  breach  their  obligations  under  those  contracts.  Although  we  exercise  prudent 
oversight  of  the  credit  ratings  and  financial  strength  of  our  major  business  partners  and  seek  to  diversify  our  risk  to  any  single 
business partner, there can be no assurance that there will not be a bank, insurance company, supplier, customer or other financial 

 19

partner  that  is  unable  to  meet  its  contractual  commitments  to  us.  Similarly,  stresses  and  pressures  in  the  industry  may  result  in 
impacts on our business partners and competitors, which could have wide-ranging impacts on the future of the industry.

We are subject to the risk of product contamination and product liability claims.

The sale of food products for human consumption involves the risk of injury to consumers. Such injuries may result from tampering 
by unauthorized third parties, product contamination or spoilage, including the presence of foreign objects, substances, chemicals, 
other  agents,  or  residues  introduced  during  the  growing,  storage,  handling  or  transportation  phases.  While  we  are  subject  to 
governmental  inspection  and  regulations  and  believe  our  facilities  comply  in  all  material  respects  with  all  applicable  laws  and 
regulations, we cannot be sure that consumption of our products will not cause a health-related illness in the future or that we will 
not be subject to claims or lawsuits relating to such matters. Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful or is not fully pursued, 
the negative publicity surrounding any assertion that our products caused illness or injury could adversely affect our reputation with 
existing and potential customers and our corporate and brand image. Moreover, claims or liabilities of this sort might not be covered 
by  our  insurance  or  by  any  rights  of  indemnity  or  contribution  that  we  may  have  against  others.  We  maintain  product  liability 
insurance, however we cannot be sure that we will not incur claims or liabilities for which we are not insured or that exceed the 
amount of our insurance coverage.

We are subject to transportation risks.

An extended interruption in our ability to ship our products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition 
and results of operations. Similarly, any extended disruption in the distribution of our products or supply chain issues could have a 
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. While we believe we are adequately insured 
and  would  attempt  to  transport  our  products  by  alternative  means  if  we  were  to  experience  an  interruption  due  to  strike,  natural 
disasters or otherwise, we cannot be sure that we would be able to do so or be successful in doing so in a timely and cost-effective 
manner.

Events or rumors relating to LIMONEIRA or our other trademarks and related brands could significantly impact our business.

Consumer  and  institutional  recognition  of  the  LIMONEIRA,  One  World  of  Citrus®,  Santa®,  Paula®,  Bridal  Veil®,  Fountain®, 
Golden Bowl®, Level®, Kiva®, Kachina®, Oxnard Lemon and Trapani Fresh trademarks and related brands and the association of 
these brands with high quality and safe food products are an integral part of our business. The occurrence of any events or rumors 
that cause consumers and/or institutions to no longer associate these brands with high quality and safe food products may materially 
adversely affect the value of our brand names and demand for our products.

Government regulation could increase our costs of production and increase legal and regulatory expenses.

Growing, packaging, storing and distributing food products are activities subject to extensive federal, state and local regulation, as 
well  as  foreign  regulation.  The  U.S.  Food  and  Drug  Administration  (the  “FDA”),  the  USDA  and  various  state  and  local  public 
health  and  agricultural  agencies  regulate  these  aspects  of  our  operations.  Our  business  is  subject  to  the  FDA  Food  Safety 
Modernization  Act  to  ensure  food  safety.  This  Act  provides  direct  recall  authority  to  the  FDA  and  includes  a  number  of  other 
provisions designed to enhance food safety, including increased inspections by the FDA of food facilities. The Federal Perishable 
Agricultural Commodities Act, which specifies standards for the sale, shipment, inspection and rejection of agricultural products, 
governs our relationships with our fresh food suppliers with respect to the grading and commercial acceptance of product shipments. 
Import and export controls and similar laws and regulations, in both the United States and elsewhere affect our business. Issues such 
as health and safety, which may slow or otherwise restrict imports and exports, could adversely affect our business. In addition, the 
modification  of  existing  laws  or  regulations  or  the  introduction  of  new  laws  or  regulations  could  require  us  to  make  material 
expenditures or otherwise adversely affect the way that we have historically operated our business.

Our  strategy  to  expand  international  production  and  marketing  may  not  be  successful  and  may  subject  us  to  risks  associated 
with doing business in corrupt environments.

While we intend to expand our lemon supply sources to international markets and explore opportunities to expand our international 
production  and  marketing  of  lemons,  we  may  not  be  successful  in  implementing  this  strategy.  Additionally,  in  many  countries 
outside of the United States, particularly in those with developing economies, it may be common for others to engage in business 
practices prohibited by laws and regulations applicable to us, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or similar local anti-bribery 
laws.  These  laws  generally  prohibit  companies  and  their  employees,  contractors  or  agents  from  making  improper  payments  to 
government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Failure to comply with these laws could subject us to civil 
and criminal penalties that could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

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We depend on our infrastructure to have sufficient capacity to handle our annual lemon production needs.

We have an infrastructure that has sufficient capacity for our lemon production needs, but if we lose machinery or facilities due to 
natural disasters or mechanical failure, we may not be able to operate at a sufficient capacity to meet our lemon production needs. 
This could have a material adverse effect on our business, which could impact our results of operations and our financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

We may be unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations.

To service our debt, we require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash, make scheduled payments or refinance 
our obligations depends on our successful financial and operating performance. Our financial and operating performance, cash flow 
and capital resources depend upon prevailing economic conditions and various financial, business and other factors, many of which 
are beyond our control. These factors include among others:

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economic and competitive conditions;

changes in laws and regulations;

operating difficulties, increased operating costs or pricing pressures we may experience; and

delays in implementing any strategic projects.

If  our  cash  flow  and  capital  resources  are  insufficient  to  fund  our  debt  service  obligations,  we  may  be  forced  to  reduce  or  delay 
capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations, obtain additional capital or restructure our debt. If we are required to take any 
actions referred to above, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In 
addition, we cannot assure you that we would be able to take any of these actions on terms acceptable to us, or at all, or that these 
actions would enable us to continue to satisfy our capital requirements or that these actions would be permitted under the terms of 
our various debt agreements.

Restrictive covenants in our debt instruments restrict or prohibit our ability to engage in or enter into a variety of transactions, 
which could adversely restrict our financial and operating flexibility and subject us to other risks.

Our  revolving  and  non-revolving  credit  and  term  loan  facilities  contain  various  restrictive  covenants  that  limit  our  ability  to  take 
certain actions. In particular, these agreements limit our ability to, among other things:

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incur additional indebtedness;

make certain investments or acquisitions;

create certain liens on our assets;

engage in certain types of transactions with affiliates;

merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all our assets; and

transfer and sell assets.

Our revolving and non-revolving credit facility with the Farm Credit West Credit Facility contain a financial covenant that requires 
us  to  maintain  compliance  with  a  specified  debt  service  coverage  ratio  greater  than  or  equal  to  1:25:1.0  on  an  annual  basis.  At 
October 31, 2022, we were in compliance with such debt service coverage ratio. Our failure to comply with this covenant in the 
future may result in the declaration of an event of default under our Farm Credit West Credit Facility.

Any  or  all  of  these  covenants  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business  by  limiting  our  ability  to  take  advantage  of 
financing, merger and acquisition or other corporate opportunities and to fund our operations. Any future debt could also contain 
financial and other covenants more restrictive than those imposed under our line of credit and term loan facilities. A breach of a 
covenant or other provision in any credit facility governing our current and future indebtedness could result in a default under that 
facility and, due to cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions, could result in a default under our other credit facilities. Upon 
the occurrence of an event of default under any of our credit facilities, the applicable lender(s) could elect to declare all amounts 
outstanding  to  be  immediately  due  and  payable  and,  with  respect  to  our  revolving  credit  facility,  terminate  all  commitments  to 
extend further credit. If we were unable to repay those amounts, our lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to 
secure the indebtedness. If the lenders under our current or future indebtedness were to accelerate the payment of the indebtedness, 
we cannot assure you that our assets or cash flow would be sufficient to repay in full our outstanding indebtedness.

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Despite  our  relatively  high  current  indebtedness  levels  and  the  restrictive  covenants  set  forth  in  agreements  governing  our 
indebtedness, we may still incur significant additional indebtedness, including secured and guaranteed indebtedness. Incurring 
more indebtedness could increase the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness.

Subject  to  the  restrictions  in  our  credit  facilities,  we  may  incur  significant  additional  indebtedness.  If  new  debt  is  added  to  our 
current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could increase.

In January 2018, LLCB entered into a $45.0 million unsecured Line of Credit Loan Agreement and Promissory Note (the “Loan”) 
with Bank of America, N.A. to fund early development activities. The Loan, as modified and extended, matures February 22, 2023 
and has a one-year extension option through February 22, 2024 subject to terms and conditions as defined in the agreement, with the 
maximum  borrowing  amount  reduced  to  $35.0  million  during  the  extension  period.  In  December  2022,  LLCB  exercised  the 
extension option. The Loan contains certain customary default provisions and LLCB may prepay any amounts outstanding under the 
Loan without penalty. The obligations under the Loan are guaranteed by certain principals from Lewis and us. Defaults by LLCB 
could increase our indebtedness.

Some of our debt is based on variable rates of interest, which could result in higher interest expenses in the event of an increase 
in the interest rates.

Our Farm Credit West Credit Facility currently bears interest at a variable rate, which will generally change as interest rates change. 
We bear the risk that the rates we are charged by our lender will increase faster than the earnings and cash flow of our business, 
which could reduce profitability, adversely affect our ability to service our debt, cause us to breach covenants contained in our Farm 
Credit  West  Credit  Facility,  which  could  materially  adversely  affect  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations. 
Several  of  our  Company’s  debt  agreements  use  LIBOR  as  a  reference  rate,  which  will  be  converted  to  the  Secure  Overnight 
Financing Rate ("SOFR") on January 1, 2023. 

Global capital and credit market issues affect our liquidity, increase our borrowing costs and may affect the operations of our 
suppliers and customers.

The  global  capital  and  credit  markets  have  experienced  increased  volatility  and  disruption  over  the  past  several  years,  making  it 
more difficult for companies to access those markets. We depend in part on stable, liquid and well-functioning capital and credit 
markets to fund our operations. Although we believe that our operating cash flows and existing credit facilities will permit us to 
meet our financing needs for the foreseeable future, there can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility and disruption in 
the capital and credit markets will not impair our liquidity or increase our costs of borrowing. Our business could also be negatively 
impacted if our suppliers or customers experience disruptions resulting from tighter capital and credit markets or a slowdown in the 
general economy.

Risks Related to Our Real Estate Development Operations

We are involved in a cyclical industry and are affected by changes in general and local economic conditions.

The real estate development industry is cyclical and is affected by changes in general and local economic conditions, including:

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employment levels;

availability of financing;

interest rates;

consumer confidence;

demand for the developed product, whether residential or industrial;

supply of similar product, whether residential or industrial; and

local, state and federal government regulation, including eminent domain laws, which may result in taking for less 
compensation than the owner believes the property is worth.

The  process  of  project  development  and  the  commitment  of  financial  and  other  resources  occur  long  before  a  real  estate  project 
comes to market. A real estate project could come to market at a time when the real estate market is depressed. It is also possible in 
a rural area like ours that no market for the project will develop as projected.

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A recession in the global economy, or a downturn in national or regional economic conditions, could adversely impact our real 
estate development business.

Future economic instability or tightening in the credit markets could lead to another housing market collapse, which could adversely 
affect  our  real  estate  development  operations  and  those  of  our  equity  method  investments.  Future  real  estate  sales,  revenues, 
financial condition, results of operations and equity in earnings of investments could suffer as a result. Our business is sensitive to 
economic conditions in California, where our real estate development properties are located.

Higher interest rates and lack of available financing can have significant impacts on the real estate industry.

Higher interest rates generally impact the real estate industry by making it harder for buyers to qualify for financing, which can lead 
to  a  decrease  in  the  demand  for  residential,  commercial  or  industrial  sites.  Any  decrease  in  demand  will  negatively  impact  our 
proposed developments. In 2022, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System took actions in tightening the monetary 
policy that resulted in higher interest rates prevailing in the marketplace. Market interest rates may continue to  increase in the future 
and the increase may materially and negatively affect us. Lack of available credit to finance real estate purchases can also negatively 
impact demand. Any downturn in the economy or consumer confidence can also be expected to result in reduced housing demand 
and slower industrial development, which would negatively impact the demand for land we are developing.

We are subject to various land use regulations and require governmental approvals for our developments that could be denied.

In planning and developing our land, we are subject to various local, state, and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations 
concerning  zoning,  infrastructure  design,  subdivision  of  land,  and  construction.  All  of  our  new  developments  require  amending 
existing  general  plan  and  zoning  designations,  so  it  is  possible  that  our  entitlement  applications  could  be  denied.  In  addition,  the 
zoning that ultimately is approved could include density provisions that would limit the number of homes and other structures that 
could be built within the boundaries of a particular area, which could adversely impact the financial returns from a given project. In 
addition, in the past, many states, cities and counties (including Ventura County) have approved various “slow growth” or “urban 
limit line” measures.

If unforeseen regulatory challenges with East Areas I and II occur, we may not be able to develop these projects as planned.

Third-party litigation could increase the time and cost of our real estate development efforts.

The land use approval processes we must follow to ultimately develop our projects have become increasingly complex. Moreover, 
the  statutes,  regulations  and  ordinances  governing  the  approval  processes  provide  third  parties  the  opportunity  to  challenge  the 
proposed  plans  and  approvals.  As  a  result,  the  prospect  of  third-party  challenges  to  planned  real  estate  developments  provides 
additional uncertainties in real estate development planning and entitlements. Third-party challenges in the form of litigation would, 
by  their  nature,  adversely  affect  the  length  of  time  and  the  cost  required  to  obtain  the  necessary  approvals.  In  addition,  adverse 
decisions arising from any litigation would increase the costs and length of time to obtain ultimate approval of a project and could 
adversely affect the design, scope, plans and profitability of a project.

We are subject to environmental regulations and opposition from environmental groups that could cause delays and increase the 
costs of our real estate development efforts or preclude such development entirely.

Environmental laws that apply to a given site can vary greatly according to the site’s location and condition, the present and former 
uses of the site, and the presence or absence of sensitive elements like wetlands and endangered species. Environmental laws and 
conditions  may  (i)  result  in  delays,  (ii)  cause  us  to  incur  additional  costs  for  compliance,  where  a  significant  amount  of  our 
developable  land  is  located,  mitigation  and  processing  land  use  applications,  or  (iii)  preclude  development  in  specific  areas.  In 
addition, in California, third parties have the ability to file litigation challenging the approval of a project, which they usually do by 
alleging  inadequate  disclosure  and  mitigation  of  the  environmental  impacts  of  the  project.  While  we  have  worked  with 
representatives  of  various  environmental  interests  and  wildlife  agencies  to  minimize  and  mitigate  the  impacts  of  our  planned 
projects, certain groups opposed to development may oppose our projects vigorously, so litigation challenging their approval could 
occur. Recent concerns over the impact of development on water availability and global warming increases the breadth of potential 
obstacles that our developments face.

Our real estate development projects are concentrated entirely in California.

All  of  our  real  estate  development  projects  are  located  in  California,  and  our  business  is  especially  sensitive  to  the  economic 
conditions within California. Any adverse change in the economic climate of California, and any adverse change in the political or 

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regulatory  climate  of  California  or  Ventura  County,  could  adversely  affect  our  real  estate  development  activities.  Ultimately,  our 
ability to sell or lease lots may decline as a result of weak economic conditions or restrictive regulations.

If the real estate industry weakens or instability of the mortgage industry and commercial real estate financing exists, it could 
have an adverse effect on our real estate activities.

If the residential real estate market weakens or instability of the mortgage industry and commercial real estate financing exists, our 
residential  real  estate  business  could  be  adversely  affected.  An  excess  supply  of  homes  available  due  to  foreclosures  or  the 
expectation  of  deflation  in  house  prices  could  also  have  a  negative  impact  on  our  ability  to  sell  our  inventory  when  it  becomes 
available.

We rely on contractual arrangements with third-party advisors to assist us in carrying out our real estate development projects 
and are subject to risks associated with such arrangements.

We utilize third-party contractor and consultant arrangements to assist us in operating our real estate development segment. These 
contractual  arrangements  may  not  be  as  effective  in  providing  direct  control  over  this  business  segment.  For  example,  our  third-
party advisors could fail to take actions required for our real estate development businesses despite their contractual obligation to do 
so. If the third-party advisors fail to perform under their agreements with us, we may have to rely on legal remedies under the law, 
which may not be effective. In addition, we cannot assure you that our third-party advisors would always act in our best interests.

If we are unable to complete land development projects within forecasted time and budget expectations, if at all, our financial 
results may be negatively affected.

We intend to develop land and real estate properties as suitable opportunities arise, taking into consideration the general economic 
climate. New real estate development projects have a number of risks, including the following:

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construction delays or cost overruns that may increase project costs;

receipt of zoning, occupancy and other required governmental permits and authorizations;

development costs incurred for projects that are not pursued to completion;

earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires or other natural disasters that could adversely affect a project;

defects in design or construction that may result in additional costs to remedy or require all or a portion of a property to 
be closed during the period required to rectify the situation;

our ability to raise capital;

the impact of governmental assessments such as park fees or affordable housing requirements;

governmental restrictions on the nature and size of a project or timing of completion; and

the potential lack of adequate building/construction capacity for large development projects.

If any development project is not completed on time or within budget, our financial results may be negatively affected.

If we are unable to obtain required land use entitlements at reasonable costs, or at all, our operating results would be adversely 
affected.

The  financial  performance  of  our  real  estate  development  activities  is  closely  related  to  our  success  in  obtaining  land  use 
entitlements  for  proposed  development  projects.  Obtaining  all  of  the  necessary  entitlements  to  develop  a  parcel  of  land  is  often 
difficult,  costly  and  may  take  several  years,  or  more,  to  complete.  In  some  situations,  we  may  be  unable  to  obtain  the  necessary 
entitlements to proceed with a real estate development or may be required to alter our plans for the development. Delays or failures 
to obtain these entitlements may have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

We could experience a reduction in revenues or reduced cash flows if we are unable to obtain reasonably priced financing to 
support our real estate development projects and land development activities.

The real estate development industry is capital intensive, and development requires significant up-front expenditures to develop land 
and  begin  real  estate  construction.  Accordingly,  we  have  and  may  continue  to  incur  substantial  indebtedness  to  finance  our  real 
estate development and land development activities. Although we believe that internally generated funds and current and available 
borrowing capacity will be sufficient to fund our capital and other expenditures, including additional land acquisition, development 
and construction activities, and the amounts available from such sources may not be adequate to meet our needs. If such sources 

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were insufficient, we would seek additional capital in the form of debt from a variety of potential sources, including bank financing. 
The availability of borrowed funds to be used for additional land acquisition, development and construction may be greatly reduced, 
and the lending community may require increased amounts of equity to be invested in a project by borrowers in connection with 
new  loans.  The  failure  to  obtain  sufficient  capital  to  fund  our  planned  expenditures  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
business and operations and our results of operations in future periods.

We may encounter risks associated with the real estate joint ventures we entered into in November 2015 and October 2022 with 
the Lewis Group of Companies including:

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the joint ventures may not perform financially or operationally as expected;

land values, project costs, sales absorption or other assumptions included in the development plans may cause the joint 
ventures’ operating results to be less than expected;

the joint ventures may not be able to obtain project loans on acceptable terms;

the joint venture partners may not be able to provide capital to the joint ventures in the event external financing or project 
cash flows are not sufficient to finance the joint ventures’ operations;

the joint venture partners may not manage the project properly; and

disagreements could occur between the joint venture partners that could affect the operating results of the joint ventures 
or could result in a sale of a partner’s interest or the joint ventures at undesirable values.

We may encounter other risks that could impact our ability to develop our land.

We may also encounter other difficulties in developing our land, including:

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natural risks, such as geological and soil problems, earthquakes, fire, heavy rains and flooding and heavy winds;

shortages of qualified trades people;

reliance on local contractors, who may be inadequately capitalized;

shortages of materials; 

increases in the cost of certain materials; and

environmental remediation costs. 

General Risks and Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our business is highly competitive and we cannot assure you that we will maintain our current market share.

Many companies compete in our different businesses. However, only a few well-established companies operate on an international, 
national and regional basis with one or several product lines. We face strong competition from these and other companies in all our 
product lines. 

Important factors with respect to our competitors include the following:

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Some of our competitors may have greater operating flexibility and, in certain cases, this may permit them to respond 
better  or  more  quickly  to  changes  in  the  industry  or  to  introduce  new  products  and  packaging  more  quickly  and  with 
greater marketing support.

We cannot predict the pricing or promotional actions of our competitors or whether those actions will have a negative 
effect on us.

There can be no assurance that we will continue to compete effectively with our present and future competitors, and our ability to 
compete could be materially adversely affected by our debt levels and debt service requirements.

Currency exchange fluctuation may impact the results of our operations. 

We distribute our products both nationally and internationally. Our international sales are primarily transacted in U.S. dollars. Our 
results  of  operations  are  affected  by  fluctuations  in  currency  exchange  rates  in  both  sourcing  and  selling  locations.  In  the  past, 
periods of a strong U.S. dollar relative to other currencies have led international customers, particularly in Asia, to find alternative 
sources of fruit.

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We are dependent on key personnel and the loss of one or more of those key personnel may materially and adversely affect our 
prospects. 

We currently depend heavily on the services of our key management personnel. The loss of any key personnel could materially and 
adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. Our success will also depend in part on our ability to attract and 
retain additional qualified management personnel.

Inflation can have a significant adverse effect on our operations. 

Inflation can have a major impact on our agribusiness operations. The farming operations are most affected by escalating costs and 
unpredictable revenues (due to an oversupply of certain crops) and very high irrigation water costs. High fixed water costs related to 
our farm lands will continue to adversely affect earnings. Prices received for many of our products are dependent upon prevailing 
market conditions and commodity prices. Therefore, it is difficult for us to accurately predict revenue and we cannot pass on cost 
increases caused by general inflation, except to the extent reflected in market conditions and commodity prices.

System  security  risks,  data  protection  breaches,  cyber-attacks  and  systems  integration  issues  could  disrupt  our  internal 
operations or services provided to customers, and any such disruption could reduce our expected revenue, increase our expenses, 
damage our reputation and adversely affect our stock price. 

Computer  programmers  and  hackers  may  be  able  to  penetrate  our  network  security  and  misappropriate  or  compromise  our 
confidential information or that of third parties, create system disruptions or cause shutdowns. Computer programmers and hackers 
also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs that attack our products or otherwise 
exploit  any  security  vulnerabilities  of  our  products.  In  addition,  sophisticated  hardware  and  operating  system  software  and 
applications that we produce or procure from third parties may contain defects in design or manufacture, including “bugs” and other 
problems that could unexpectedly interfere with the operation of the system. The costs to us to eliminate or alleviate cyber or other 
security  problems,  bugs,  viruses,  worms,  malicious  software  programs  and  security  vulnerabilities  could  be  significant,  and  our 
efforts to address these problems may not be successful and could result in interruptions, delays, cessation of service and loss of 
existing or potential customers that may impede our sales, packing, distribution or other critical functions.

Portions of our IT infrastructure also may experience interruptions, delays or cessations of service or produce errors in connection 
with  systems  integration  or  migration  work  that  takes  place  from  time  to  time.  We  may  not  be  successful  in  implementing  new 
systems  and  transitioning  data,  which  could  cause  business  disruptions  and  be  more  expensive,  time  consuming,  disruptive  and 
resource-intensive. Such disruptions could adversely impact our ability to fulfill orders and interrupt other processes. Delayed sales, 
lower  margins  or  lost  customers  resulting  from  these  disruptions  could  adversely  affect  our  financial  results,  stock  price  and 
reputation.

The acquisition of other businesses could pose risks to our operating income. 

We intend to continue to consider acquisition prospects that complement our business. While we are not currently a party to any 
agreement with respect to any acquisitions, we may acquire other businesses in the future. Future acquisitions by us could result in 
accounting  charges,  potentially  dilutive  issuances  of  equity  securities,  and  increased  debt  and  contingent  liabilities,  any  of  which 
could have a material adverse effect on our business and the market price of our common stock. Acquisitions entail numerous risks, 
including  the  integration  of  the  acquired  operations,  diversion  of  management’s  attention  to  other  business  concerns,  risks  of 
entering markets in which we have limited prior experience, and potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations. We may 
be unable to successfully integrate businesses or the personnel of any business that might be acquired in the future, and our failure to 
do so could have a material adverse effect on our business and on the market price of our common stock.

The value of our common stock could be volatile.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. There are numerous and varied risks, known and unknown, that may 
prevent us from achieving our goals. The risks described here are not the only ones we will face. If any of these risks or other risks 
actually  occurs,  our  business,  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  or  future  prospects  could  be  materially  and  adversely 
affected. In such event, the trading price of our common stock could decline and investors in our common stock could lose all or 
part of their investment. 

The overall market and the price of our common stock may fluctuate greatly and we cannot assure you that you will be able to resell 
shares at or above market price. The trading price of our common stock may be significantly affected by various factors, including:

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quarterly fluctuations in our operating results;

changes in investors’ and analysts’ perception of the business risks and conditions of our business;

our ability to meet the earnings estimates and other performance expectations of financial analysts or investors;

unfavorable commentary or downgrades of our stock by equity research analysts;

fluctuations in the stock prices of our peer companies or in stock markets in general; and

general economic or political conditions.

Concentrated ownership of our common stock creates a risk of sudden change in our share price.

As of October 31, 2022, directors and members of our executive management team beneficially owned or controlled approximately 
3.2%  of  our  common  stock.  Investors  who  purchase  our  common  stock  may  be  subject  to  certain  risks  due  to  the  concentrated 
ownership of our common stock. The sale by any of our large stockholders of a significant portion of that stockholder’s holdings 
could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. In addition, the registration of any significant amount 
of additional shares of our common stock will have the immediate effect of increasing the public float of our common stock and any 
such increase may cause the market price of our common stock to decline or fluctuate significantly.

Our charter documents contain provisions that may delay, defer or prevent a change of control.

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire control of us, even 
if the change in control would be beneficial to stockholders. These provisions include the following:

•

•

•

•

division of our board of directors into three classes, with each class serving a staggered three-year term;

removal of directors by stockholders by a supermajority of two-thirds of the outstanding shares;

ability of the board of directors to authorize the issuance of preferred stock in series without stockholder approval; and

prohibitions  on  our  stockholders  that  prevent  them  from  acting  by  written  consent  and  limitations  on  calling  special 
meetings.

We incur increased costs as a result of being a publicly traded company.

As a Company with publicly traded securities, we have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant legal, accounting and other 
expenses. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules promulgated by the SEC and NASDAQ, require us to adopt 
corporate  governance  practices  applicable  to  U.S.  public  companies.  These  rules  and  regulations  may  increase  our  legal  and 
financial compliance costs, which could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

Item 2. Properties

Real Estate

We own our corporate headquarters in Santa Paula, California. We own approximately 8,300 acres of farm land in California, 1,200 
acres located in Yuma, Arizona, 3,500 acres in La Serena, Chile and 1,200 acres in Jujuy, Argentina. We also lease approximately 
1,000 acres of land and have an interest in a partnership that owns approximately 200 acres of land. The land used for agricultural 
plantings  consists  of  approximately  5,600  acres  of  lemons,  approximately  900  acres  of  avocados,  approximately  1,000  acres  of 
oranges and approximately 1,000 acres of specialty citrus and other crops. Our agribusiness land holdings are summarized below as 
of October 31, 2022 (in thousands, except per acre amounts):

 27

Ranch Name

Acres

Book Value

Limoneira/Olivelands Ranch

La Campana Ranch

Orchard Farm Ranch

Rancho La Cuesta Ranch

Porterville Ranch

Ducor Ranch

Jencks Ranch

Windfall Farms

Stage Coach Ranch

Martinez Ranch

Associated Citrus Packers

Lemons 400

Sheldon Ranches
Pan de Azucar
San Pablo
Santa Clara
Other agribusiness land

1,700  $ 

300 

1,100 

200 

700 

900 

100 

700 

100 

200 

1,300 

800 

600 
200 
3,300 
1,200 
400 
13,800  $ 

767 

758 

3,240 

2,899 

6,427 

6,223 

846 

16,162 

603 

1,363 

15,035 

5,182 

9,618 
2,292 
5,586 
8,600 
1,539 
87,140 

Acquisition 
Date
1907, 1913, 
1920

1964

1990

1994

1997

1997

2007

2009

2012

2012

2013

2013

2016
2017
2018
2019
various

Book Value
per Acre

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

451 

2,527 

2,945 

14,495 

9,181 

6,914 

8,460 

23,089 

6,030 

6,815 

11,565 

6,478 

16,030 
11,461 
1,693 
7,167 
3,848 

The  book  value  of  our  agribusiness  land  holdings  of  approximately  $87.1  million  differs  from  the  land  balance  of  $87.6  million 
included in property, plant and equipment in the notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The 
table above presents our current land holdings in farming agribusiness operations.

We own our packing facilities located in Santa Paula, California and Yuma, Arizona, where we process and pack our lemons as well 
as lemons for other growers. We have a 5.5 acre, one-megawatt ground-based photovoltaic solar generator and one-megawatt roof 
array,  which  provides  the  majority  of  the  power  to  operate  our  packing  facility.  We  also  have  a  one-megawatt  solar  array  that 
provides  us  with  a  majority  of  the  electricity  required  to  operate  four  deep  water  well  pumps  at  one  of  our  ranches  in  the  San 
Joaquin Valley. 

We  own  and  maintain  257  residential  units  mainly  in  Ventura  and  Tulare  Counties  that  we  lease  to  our  employees,  former 
employees and outside tenants and we own several commercial office buildings and properties that are leased to various tenants. 

We own and have equity investments in real estate development property in the California County of Ventura. These properties are 
in various stages of development for up to approximately 900 residential units and approximately 811,000 square feet of commercial 
space.

Water and Mineral Rights

Our  water  resources  include  water  rights,  usage  rights  and  pumping  rights  to  the  water  in  aquifers  under,  and  canals  that  run 
through, the land we own. We believe we have adequate supplies of water for our agribusiness segments as well as our rental and 
real  estate  development  activities.  Water  for  our  farming  operations  located  in  Ventura  County,  California  is  sourced  from  the 
existing water resources associated with our land, which includes approximately 8,600 acre-feet of adjudicated water rights in the 
Santa Paula Basin (aquifer) and the un-adjudicated Fillmore Basin. We use a combination of ground water provided by wells that 
derive  water  from  the  San  Joaquin  Valley  Basin  and  water  from  various  water  districts  and  irrigation  districts  in  Tulare  County, 
California, which is in the agriculturally productive San Joaquin Valley. We use ground water provided by wells that derive water 
from the Cadiz Valley Basin at the Cadiz Ranch in San Bernardino County, California. Our Windfall Farms property located in San 
Luis  Obispo  County,  California  obtains  water  from  wells  that  derive  water  from  the  Paso  Robles  Basin.  Our  Associated  farming 
operations in Yuma, Arizona source water from the Colorado River through the YMIDD, where we have access to approximately 
11,700 acre feet of Class 3 Colorado River water rights. We use ground water provided by wells and surface water for our PDA and 
San Pablo farming operations in La Serena, Chile and our Trapani Fresh farming operations in Argentina.

 28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our  rights  to  extract  groundwater  from  the  Santa  Paula  Basin  are  governed  by  the  Santa  Paula  Basin  Judgment  (the 
“Judgment”).  The  Judgment  was  entered  into  in  1996  by  stipulation  among  the  United  Water  Conservation  District,  the  City  of 
Ventura  and  various  members  of  the  Santa  Paula  Basin  Pumpers  Association  (the  “Association”).  The  Association  is  a  not-for-
profit, mutual benefit corporation, which represents the interests of all overlying landowners with rights to extract groundwater from 
the Santa Paula Basin and the City of Santa Paula. We are a member of the Association. Membership in the Association is governed 
by the Association's Bylaws.

Our  California  water  resources  include  approximately  17,000  acre-feet  of  water  affiliated  with  our  owned  properties,  of  which 
approximately 8,600 acre-feet are adjudicated. Our Yuma, Arizona water resources include approximately 11,700 acre-feet of water 
sourced from the Colorado River. We own shares in five not-for-profit mutual benefit water companies. Our investments in these 
water companies provide us with the right to receive a proportionate share of water from each of the water companies.

We believe water is a natural resource that is critical to economic growth in the western United States and firm, reliable water rights 
are essential to our sustainable business practices. Consequently, we have long been a private steward and advocate of prudent and 
efficient  water  management.  We  have  made  substantial  investments  in  securing  water  and  water  rights  in  quantities  that  are 
sufficient to support and, we believe will exceed, our long-term business objectives. We strive to follow best management practices 
for the diversion, conveyance, distribution and use of water. In the future, we intend to continue to provide leadership in the area of, 
and seek innovation opportunities that promote, increased water use efficiency and the development of new sources of supply for 
our neighboring communities.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings 

From time to time, we are a party to various lawsuits, arbitrations or mediations that arise in the ordinary course of business. The 
disclosure  called  for  by  Part  II,  Item  3  regarding  our  legal  proceedings  is  incorporated  by  reference  herein  from  Note  17  – 
Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

 29

 
PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our common stock is traded on The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “LMNR.” There is no assurance 
that our common stock will continue to be traded on NASDAQ or that any liquidity will exist for our stockholders.

Holders

On November 30, 2022, there were approximately 226 registered holders of our common stock. The number of registered holders 
includes banks and brokers who act as nominees, each of whom may represent more than one stockholder.

Dividends

The following table presents cash dividends per common share declared and paid in the periods shown.

2022

Fourth Quarter Ended October 31, 2022

Third Quarter Ended July 31, 2022

Second Quarter Ended April 30, 2022

First Quarter Ended January 31, 2022

2021

Fourth Quarter Ended October 31, 2021

Third Quarter Ended July 31, 2021

Second Quarter Ended April 30, 2021

First Quarter Ended January 31, 2021

Dividend

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

0.075 

In  December  2022,  we  declared  our  quarterly  dividend  of  $0.075  per  common  share  and  we  expect  to  continue  to  pay  quarterly 
dividends at a similar rate to the extent permitted by the financial results of our business and other factors beyond management’s 
control.

 30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph

The line graph above compares the percentage change in cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock registered under 
Section  12  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”)  with  (i)  the  cumulative  total  return  of  the 
Russell  2000  Index,  assuming  reinvestment  of  dividends,  and  (ii)  the  cumulative  total  return  of  Dow  Jones  U.S.  Food  Producers 
Index, assuming reinvestment of dividends.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Period

Total Number of 
Shares 
Purchased(1)

Weighted Average 
Price Paid per 
Share

Maximum 
Number (or 
Approximate 
Dollar Value) of 
Shares that May 
Yet Be Purchased 
Under the Plans 
or Programs(2)

Total Number of 
Shares Purchased 
as Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs(2)

August 1, 2022 through August 31, 2022
September 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022  
October 1, 2022 through October 31, 2022

Total

—  $ 
—  $ 
37,236  $ 

37,236 

—   
—   
11.93   

—   
—   
—   

—   

— 
— 
— 

— 

(1)  Shares  were  acquired  from  our  employees  in  accordance  with  our  stock-based  compensation  plan  as  a  result  of  share 
withholdings to pay income tax related to the vesting and distribution of restricted stock awards.

 31

 
 
 
 
 
(2) In fiscal year 2021, our Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to 
$10.0  million  of  our  outstanding  shares  of  common  stock  through  September  2022.  No  shares  have  been  repurchased  under  this 
program. As of October 31, 2022, the program has expired and there is no remaining authorization under this program.

Item 6. Reserved

 32

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The  following  Management's  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations  (MD&A)  is  intended  to 
promote understanding of the results of operations and financial condition. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be 
read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Part  II,  Item  8  of  this  Form  10-K).  This  discussion  and  analysis  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  involve  risks, 
uncertainties, and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a 
result of various factors, including, but not limited to, those presented under “Risk Factors” included in Item 1A and elsewhere in 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This section generally discusses the results of operations for fiscal year 2022 compared to fiscal 
year 2021. For discussion related to the results of operations and changes in financial condition for fiscal year 2021 compared to 
fiscal year 2020 refer to Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in 
our fiscal year 2021 Form 10-K, which was filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on January 10, 
2022.

Overview

Limoneira Company, a Delaware corporation, is the successor to several businesses with operations in California since 1893. We 
are primarily an agribusiness company founded and based in Santa Paula, California, committed to responsibly using and managing 
our  approximately  15,400  acres  of  land,  water  resources  and  other  assets  to  maximize  long-term  stockholder  value.  Our  current 
operations consist of fruit production, sales and marketing, rental operations, real estate and capital investment activities.

We  have  three  business  divisions:  agribusiness,  rental  operations  and  real  estate  development.  The  agribusiness  division  is 
comprised  of  four  reportable  operating  segments:  fresh  lemons,  lemon  packing,  avocados  and  other  agribusiness,  which  includes 
oranges,  specialty  citrus  and  other  crops.  The  agribusiness  division  includes  our  core  operations  of  farming,  harvesting,  lemon 
packing and citrus sales operations. The rental operations division includes our residential and commercial rentals comprised of 257 
completed rental units, leased land operations and organic recycling. The real estate development division includes our investments 
in  real  estate  development  projects.  Generally,  we  see  our  Company  as  a  land  and  farming  company  that  generates  annual  cash 
flows  to  support  our  progress  into  diversified  real  estate  development  activities.  As  real  estate  developments  are  monetized,  our 
agriculture business will then be able to expand more rapidly into new regions and markets.

Recent Developments – Refer to Part I, Item 1 “Fiscal Year 2022 Highlights and Recent Developments”

 33

 
 
 
 
Results of Operations

The following table shows the results of operations for ($ in thousands):

Revenues:

Agribusiness

Other operations

Total net revenues

Costs and expenses:

Agribusiness

Other operations

(Gain) loss on disposal of assets 

Selling, general and administrative

Total costs and expenses

Operating income (loss):

Agribusiness

Other operations

Gain (loss) on disposal of assets

Selling, general and administrative

Operating income (loss)

Other (expense) income:

Interest income

Interest expense, net of patronage dividends

Equity in earnings of investments, net

Loss on stock in Calavo Growers, Inc.

Other (expense) income, net

Total other (expense) income

Income (loss) before income tax (provision) benefit

Income tax (provision) benefit

Net loss

Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

Years Ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

$  179,281 

97% $  161,381 

97% $  159,937 

97%

5,324 

3%  

4,646 

3%  

4,622 

3%

  184,605 

100%   166,027 

100%   164,559 

100%

  160,651 

88%   148,492 

86%   157,281 

86%

4,438 

2%  

4,332 

3%  

4,504 

2%

(4,500) 

(2)%  

109  —%  

502  —%

21,815 

12%  

19,427 

11%  

21,280 

12%

  182,404 

100%   172,360 

100%   183,567 

100%

18,630 

886 

4,500 

(21,815) 

2,201 

53 

(2,291) 

1,341 

— 

(955) 

(1,852) 

349 

(823) 

(474) 

238 

12,889 

314 

(109) 

(19,427) 

(6,333) 

379 

(1,501) 

3,203 

— 

89 

2,170 

(4,163) 

266 

(3,897) 

456 

2,656 

118 

(502) 

(21,280) 

(19,008) 

362 

(2,048) 

339 

(6,299) 

219 

(7,427) 

(26,435) 

8,494 

(17,941) 

1,506 

Net loss attributable to Limoneira Company

$ 

(236) 

$ 

(3,441) 

$  (16,435) 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Due  to  significant  depreciable  assets  associated  with  the  nature  of  our  operations  and  interest  costs  associated  with  our  capital 
structure, management believes that earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) and adjusted 
EBITDA,  which  excludes  stock-based  compensation,  loss  on  stock  in  Calavo  Growers,  Inc.  ("Calavo"),  named  executive  officer 
cash  severance,  pension  settlement  cost  and  (gain)  loss  on  disposal  of  assets,  is  an  important  measure  to  evaluate  our  results  of 
operations  between  periods  on  a  more  comparable  basis.  Adjusted  EBITDA  in  previous  periods  did  not  exclude  stock-based 
compensation which has now been excluded as management believes this is a better representation of cash generated by operations 
and  is  consistent  with  peer  company  reporting.  Adjusted  EBITDA  for  prior  periods  has  been  restated  to  conform  to  the  current 
presentation. Such measurements are not prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and 
should  not  be  construed  as  an  alternative  to  reported  results  determined  in  accordance  with  GAAP.  The  non-GAAP  information 
provided is unique to us and may not be consistent with methodologies used by other companies. 

 34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are summarized and reconciled to net loss attributable to Limoneira Company, which management 
considers to be the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP as follows (in 
thousands):

Net loss attributable to Limoneira Company
Interest income
Interest expense, net of patronage dividends
Income tax provision (benefit)
Depreciation and amortization
EBITDA
Stock-based compensation
Loss on stock in Calavo Growers, Inc.
Named executive officer cash severance
Pension settlement cost
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets
Adjusted EBITDA

Fiscal Year 2022 Compared to Fiscal Year 2021 

Revenues

Years Ended October 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

(236)  $ 
(53)   

2,291 
823 
9,798 
12,623 
2,732 
— 
432 
607 
(4,500)   
11,894  $ 

(3,441)  $ 
(379)   
1,501 
(266)   
9,812 
7,227 
2,582 
— 
— 
— 
109 
9,918  $ 

2020
(16,435) 
(362) 
2,048 
(8,494) 
10,097 
(13,146) 
2,044 
6,299 
— 
— 
502 
(4,301) 

Total revenues for fiscal year 2022 were $184.6 million compared to $166.0 million for fiscal year 2021. The 11% increase of $18.6 
million  was  primarily  the  result  of  increased  avocados,  oranges  and  specialty  citrus  and  other  crops  agribusiness  revenues,  as 
detailed below ($ in thousands):

Lemons
Avocados
Oranges
Specialty citrus and other crops
Agribusiness revenues

Agribusiness Revenues for the Years Ended October 31,

2022
143,061  $ 
17,331 
9,911 
8,978 
179,281  $ 

2021
142,962  $ 
6,784 
4,382 
7,253 
161,381  $ 

$ 

$ 

Change
99 
10,547 
5,529 
1,725 
17,900 

—%
155%
126%
24%
11%

•

•

•

•

Lemons: Lemon revenues in fiscal year 2022 were similar to fiscal year 2021. During fiscal years 2022 and 2021, fresh lemon 
sales were $92.9 million and $85.9 million on 4.9 million and 4.4 million cartons of fresh lemons packed and sold at average 
per carton prices of $18.77 and $19.60, respectively. Lemon revenues in fiscal years 2022 and 2021 included brokered fruit and 
other lemon sales of $24.5 million and $36.0 million, respectively, shipping and handling of $22.2 million and $17.5 million, 
respectively, and lemon by-products of $3.5 million in both fiscal years. 

Avocados: The increase in fiscal year 2022 was primarily the result of increased volume and higher prices of avocados sold 
compared to fiscal year 2021. The California avocado crop typically experiences alternating years of high and low production 
due  to  plant  physiology.  During  fiscal  years  2022  and  2021,  8.2  million  and  5.7  million  pounds  of  avocados  were  sold  at 
average  per  pound  prices  of  $2.08  and  $1.20,  respectively.  Higher  prices  in  fiscal  year  2022  were  primarily  related  to  lower 
supply of fruit in the marketplace. 

Oranges: The increase in fiscal year 2022 was primarily due to increased brokered fruit sales and higher prices compared to 
fiscal  year  2021.  Orange  revenues  in  fiscal  year  2022  included  brokered  fruit  sales  of  $5.0  million,  compared  to  immaterial 
brokered fruit sales in fiscal year 2021, sold at average per carton prices of $14.66 and $8.04, respectively. 

Specialty citrus and other crops: The increase in fiscal year 2022 was primarily due to increased brokered fruit sales and higher 
prices of specialty citrus sold compared to fiscal year 2021. Specialty citrus revenues in fiscal year 2022 included brokered fruit 
sales of $2.9 million, compared to immaterial brokered fruit sales in 2021, sold at an average per carton price of $13.22 and 
$11.20, respectively. 

 35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other operations revenue in fiscal year 2022 and 2021 was $5.3 million and $4.6 million, respectively.

Costs and Expenses

Total costs and expenses for fiscal year 2022 were $182.4 million compared to $172.4 million for fiscal year 2021. This 6% increase 
of $10.0 million was primarily attributable to increases in our agribusiness costs and selling, general and administrative expenses, 
partially offset by an increase in gain on disposal of assets. Costs associated with our agribusiness division include packing costs, 
harvest costs, growing costs, costs related to the lemons we procure from third-party growers and suppliers and depreciation and 
amortization expense. These costs are discussed further below ($ in thousands):

Packing costs
Harvest costs
Growing costs
Third-party grower and supplier costs
Depreciation and amortization
Agribusiness costs and expenses

Agribusiness Costs and Expenses for the Years Ended October 31,

2022

2021

Change

$ 

$ 

45,448  $ 
20,767 
26,277 
59,555 
8,604 
160,651  $ 

38,754  $ 
17,227 
27,195 
56,690 
8,626 
148,492  $ 

6,694 
3,540 
(918) 
2,865 
(22) 
12,159 

17%
21%
(3)%
5%
—%
8%

•

•

•

•

•

Packing  costs:  Packing  costs  consist  of  the  costs  to  pack  lemons  for  sale  such  as  labor  and  benefits,  cardboard  cartons,  fruit 
treatments,  packing  and  shipping  supplies  and  facility  operating  costs.  Lemon  packing  costs  were  $43.0  million  and  $36.0 
million  in  fiscal  years  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The  increase  in  fiscal  year  2022  was  primarily  attributable  to  increased 
volume of fresh lemons packed and sold and higher average per carton costs compared to fiscal year 2021. In fiscal years 2022 
and 2021, we packed and sold 4.9 million and 4.4 million cartons of lemons at average per carton costs of $8.69 and $8.22, 
respectively. The increase in average per carton costs in fiscal year 2022, compared to fiscal year 2021, was primarily due to 
higher costs in labor and benefits, fruit treatments, cardboard cartons and packing and shipping supplies. Additionally, in fiscal 
years 2022 and 2021, packing costs included $2.4 million and $2.7 million of shipping costs, respectively. 

Harvest  costs:  The  increase  in  fiscal  year  2022  was  primarily  attributable  to  increased  volume  of  lemons  and  avocados 
harvested compared to fiscal year 2021. 

Growing  costs:  Growing  costs,  also  referred  to  as  cultural  costs,  consist  of  orchard  maintenance  costs  such  as  cultivation, 
fertilization and soil amendments, pest control, pruning and irrigation. The decrease in fiscal year 2022, compared to fiscal year 
2021, reflects farm management decisions based on weather, harvest timing and crop conditions.

Third-party grower and supplier costs: We sell fruit that we grow and fruit that we procure from other growers and suppliers. 
The cost of procuring fruit from others is referred to as third-party grower and supplier costs. The increase in fiscal year 2022 
was primarily due to increased volume of fruit procured from third-party growers and suppliers compared to fiscal year 2021. In 
fiscal years 2022 and 2021, costs for purchased, packed fruit for resale increased by $0.9 million; we incurred costs of $26.2 
million and $25.2 million, respectively. During fiscal years 2022 and 2021, of the 4.9 million and 4.4 million lemon cartons 
sold,  2.6  million  (52%)  and  2.3  million  (52%)  were  procured  from  third-party  growers  and  suppliers  at  average  per  carton 
prices of $13.03 and $13.83, respectively: an increase of $1.9 million. 

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization expense in fiscal year 2022 was similar compared to fiscal year 
2021. 

Other operations expenses for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 were $4.4 million and $4.3 million, respectively.

(Gain) loss on disposal of assets for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 were $(4.5) million and $0.1 million, respectively. The change is 
primarily due to sales of East Area I Retained Property and Oxnard Lemon packing facility in fiscal year 2022.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal year 2022 were $21.8 million compared to $19.4 million for fiscal year 2021. 
The $2.4 million increase was primarily the result of:

•
•
•

$1.0 million increase in salaries, benefits and incentive compensation;
$0.8 million increase in named executive officer severance;
$0.4 million increase in selling expenses; and

 36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

$0.2 million increase in other selling, general and administrative expenses, including certain corporate overhead expenses.

Other (Expense) Income

Other (expense) income, for fiscal year 2022 was $(1.9) million compared to $2.2 million for fiscal year 2021. The $4.0 million 
increase in other expenses was primarily the result of:

•

•

•

$0.8 million increase in interest expense, net as a result of increased interest rates;

$1.9 million decrease in equity in earnings of investments primarily from LLCB; and

$1.0 million increase in other expenses primarily from pension expense and pension settlement cost.

Income Taxes

We recorded for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 income tax (provision) benefit of $(0.8) million and $0.3 million on pre-tax income 
(loss) of $0.3 million and $(4.2) million, respectively. The tax provision recorded for fiscal year 2022 differs from the U.S. federal 
statutory tax rate of 21% due primarily to foreign jurisdictions which are taxed at different rates, state taxes, tax impact of stock-
based compensation, nondeductible tax items and valuation allowances on certain deferred tax assets of foreign subsidiaries. Our 
effective tax rate for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 was 234.8% and 6.4%, respectively.

Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Loss  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  primarily  represents  10%  and  49%  of  the  net  losses  of  PDA  and  Trapani  Fresh, 
respectively.

Segment Results of Operations

We operate in four reportable operating segments: fresh lemons, lemon packing, avocados and other agribusiness. Our reportable 
operating segments are strategic business units with different products and services, distribution processes and customer bases. We 
evaluate  the  performance  of  our  operating  segments  separately  to  monitor  the  different  factors  affecting  financial  results.  Each 
segment is subject to review and evaluations related to current market conditions, market opportunities and available resources. See 
Note 20 - Segment Information for additional information regarding our operating segments.

Segment information for fiscal year 2022 (in thousands): 

Fresh
Lemons

Lemon
Packing

Eliminations

Avocados

Other
Agribusiness

Total
Agribusiness

Corporate
and Other

Revenues from external customers

$ 

120,885  $ 

22,176  $ 

—  $ 

17,331  $ 

18,889  $ 

179,281  $ 

5,324  $ 

Intersegment revenues

Total net revenues

Costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Operating income (loss)

— 

120,885 

115,119 
— 
5,766  $ 

29,817 

51,993 

(29,817) 

(29,817) 

43,017 
— 
8,976  $ 

(29,817) 
— 
—  $ 

— 

17,331 

5,524 
— 
11,807  $ 

— 

— 

18,889 

179,281 

— 

5,324 

18,204 
— 
685  $ 

152,047 
8,604 
18,630  $ 

20,559 
1,194 
(16,429)  $ 

$ 

Segment information for fiscal year 2021 (in thousands): 

Fresh
Lemons

Lemon
Packing

Eliminations

Avocados

Other
Agribusiness

Total
Agribusiness

Corporate
and Other

Revenues from external customers

$ 

125,448  $ 

17,514  $ 

—  $ 

6,784  $ 

11,635  $ 

161,381  $ 

4,646  $ 

Intersegment revenues

Total net revenues

Costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization

— 

125,448 

116,117 
— 

25,637 

43,151 

36,018 
— 

(25,637) 

(25,637) 

(25,637) 
— 

— 

6,784 

4,211 
— 

— 

11,635 

9,157 
— 

— 

161,381 

139,866 
8,626 

— 

4,646 

22,682 
1,186 

Total
184,605 

— 

184,605 

172,606 
9,798 
2,201 

Total
166,027 

— 

166,027 

162,548 
9,812 

Operating (loss) income

$ 

9,331  $ 

7,133  $ 

—  $ 

2,573  $ 

2,478  $ 

12,889  $ 

(19,222)  $ 

(6,333) 

 37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 2022 Segment Information Compared to Fiscal Year 2021 Segment Information

The following analysis should be read in conjunction with the previous section “Results of Operations.”

Fresh Lemons

Fresh lemons segment revenue is comprised of sales of fresh lemons, lemon by-products, brokered fruit and other lemon revenue. 
For fiscal year 2022, our fresh lemons segment revenue was $120.9 million compared to $125.4 million for fiscal year 2021. The 
4% decrease of $4.5 million was primarily the result of decreased brokered lemon sales, partially offset by increased fresh lemon 
sales, as discussed earlier.

Costs and expenses associated with our fresh lemons segment include harvest costs, growing costs, cost of fruit we procure from 
third-party  growers  and  suppliers,  transportation  costs  and  packing  service  charges  incurred  from  the  lemon  packing  segment  to 
pack lemons for sale. For fiscal year 2022, our fresh lemon costs and expenses were $115.1 million compared to $116.1 million for 
fiscal year 2021. The 1% decrease of $1.0 million primarily consisted of the following:

•

•

•

•

•

Harvest costs for fiscal year 2022 were $2.9 million higher than fiscal year 2021;

Growing costs for fiscal year 2022 were $2.2 million lower than fiscal year 2021;

Third-party grower and supplier costs for fiscal year 2022 were $5.6 million lower than fiscal year 2021;

Transportation costs for fiscal year 2022 were $0.3 million lower than fiscal year 2021; and

Intersegment costs and expenses for fiscal year 2022 were $4.2 million higher than fiscal year 2021.

Lemon Packing

Lemon packing segment revenue is comprised of intersegment packing revenue and shipping and handling revenue. For fiscal year 
2022, our lemon packing segment revenue was $52.0 million compared to $43.2 million for fiscal year 2021. The 20% increase of 
$8.8 million was primarily due to increased volume of lemons packed.

Costs  and  expenses  associated  with  our  lemon  packing  segment  consist  of  the  cost  to  pack  lemons  for  sale  such  as  labor  and 
benefits, cardboard cartons, fruit treatments, packing and shipping supplies and facility operating costs. For fiscal year 2022, our 
lemon packing costs and expenses were $43.0 million compared to $36.0 million for fiscal year 2021. The 19% increase of $7.0 
million  was  primarily  due  to  increased  volume  of  lemons  packed  and  higher  costs  in  labor  and  benefits,  cardboard  cartons,  fruit 
treatments and packing and shipping supplies.

Lemon packing segment operating income per carton sold was $1.81 and $1.63 for fiscal years 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The  lemon  packing  segment  included  $29.8  million  and  $25.6  million  of  intersegment  revenues  for  fiscal  years  2022  and  2021, 
respectively, which were charged to the fresh lemons segment to pack lemons for sale. Such intersegment revenues and expenses are 
eliminated in our consolidated financial statements.

Avocados

For  fiscal  year  2022,  our  avocados  segment  revenue  was  $17.3  million  compared  to  $6.8  million  for  fiscal  year  2021,  a  155% 
increase of $10.5 million. 

Cost and expenses associated with our avocados segment include harvest costs and growing costs. For fiscal year 2022, our avocado 
costs and expenses were $5.5 million compared to $4.2 million for fiscal year 2021. The 31% increase of $1.3 million primarily 
consisted of the following:

•

•

Harvest costs for fiscal year 2022 were $1.0 million higher than fiscal year 2021; and

Growing costs for fiscal year 2022 were $0.3 million higher than fiscal year 2021.

Other Agribusiness

For fiscal year 2022, our other agribusiness segment revenue was $18.9 million compared to $11.6 million for fiscal year 2021. The 
62% increase of $7.3 million primarily consisted of the following:

 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

Orange revenue for fiscal year 2022 was $5.5 million higher than fiscal year 2021; and

Specialty citrus and other crop revenue for fiscal year 2022 was $1.7 million higher than fiscal year 2021.

Costs  and  expenses  associated  with  our  other  agribusiness  segment  include  harvest,  growing  and  brokered  fruit  costs.  Our  other 
agribusiness costs and expenses for fiscal year 2022 were $18.2 million compared to $9.2 million for fiscal year 2021. The 99% 
increase of $9.0 million primarily consisted of the following:

•

•

•

Harvest costs for fiscal year 2022 were $0.4 million lower than fiscal year 2021;

Growing costs for fiscal year 2022 were $0.9 million higher than fiscal year 2021; and

Brokered fruit costs for fiscal year 2022 were $8.5 million higher than fiscal year 2021.

Total agribusiness depreciation and amortization for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 was $8.6 million.

Corporate and Other

Our  corporate  and  other  operations  had  rental  revenues  of  approximately  $5.3  million  and  $4.6  million  in  fiscal  years  2022  and 
2021, respectively. 

Costs and expenses in our corporate and other operations were approximately $20.6 million and $22.7 million in fiscal years 2022 
and  2021,  respectively,  and  include  rental  operations  costs,  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  not  allocated  to  the 
operating segments, and (gain) loss on disposal of assets. Depreciation and amortization expenses were approximately $1.2 million 
in fiscal years 2022 and 2021. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and cash flows generated from our operations and use of our revolving credit facility. Our 
liquidity and capital position fluctuates during the year depending on seasonal production cycles, weather events and demand for our 
products. Typically, our first and last fiscal quarters coincide with the fall and winter months during which we are growing crops 
that are harvested and sold in the spring and summer, which are our second and third quarters. To meet working capital demand and 
investment requirements of our agribusiness and real estate development projects and to supplement operating cash flows, we utilize 
our revolving credit facility to fund agricultural inputs and farm management practices until sufficient returns from crops allow us to 
repay  amounts  borrowed.  Raw  materials  needed  to  propagate  the  various  crops  grown  by  us  consist  primarily  of  fertilizer, 
herbicides, insecticides, fuel and water, all of which are readily available from local sources.

Material contractual obligations arising in the normal course of business primarily consist of purchase obligations, long-term fixed 
rate  and  variable  rate  debt  and  related  interest  payments,  operating  and  finance  leases,  financing  transactions  and  our 
noncontributory, defined benefit pension plan (“the Plan”). In fiscal year 2021, we decided to terminate the Plan effective December 
31, 2021. The liabilities disclosed as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, reflect an estimate of the additional cost to pay lump sums to a 
portion  of  the  active  and  vested  terminated  participants  and  purchase  annuities  for  all  remaining  participants  from  an  insurance 
company. See Note 10 - Long-Term Debt, Note 12 - Leases and Note 16 - Retirement Plans for amounts outstanding on October 31, 
2022,  related  to  debt,  leases  and  the  Plan.  Purchase  obligations  consist  of  contracts  primarily  related  to  packing  supplies  and 
pollination services, the majority of which are due in the next three years. 

We believe that the cash flows from operations and available borrowing capacity from our existing credit facilities will be sufficient 
to satisfy our capital expenditures, debt service, working capital needs and other contractual obligations for the next twelve months. 
In  addition,  we  have  the  ability  to  control  a  portion  of  our  investing  cash  flows  to  the  extent  necessary  based  on  our  liquidity 
demands. 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

For the fiscal years ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, net cash provided by operating activities was $14.8 million and $9.6 million, 
respectively.  Our  cash  flow  provided  by  operating  activities  is  primarily  from  agricultural  sales  and  rental  operations.  Cash  flow 
used in operations generally consists of agribusiness costs, rental operation costs, selling, general and administrative expenses. The 
significant components of our cash flows provided by operating activities are as follows.

 39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

•

Net loss was $0.5 million and $3.9 million for fiscal years 2022 and 2021, respectively. The components of net loss in fiscal 
year 2022, compared to fiscal year 2021, consists of an increase in operating income of $8.5 million, an increase in total other 
expense of $4.0 million and an increase in income tax provision of $1.1 million. 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: 

◦

◦

Adjustments  provided  $10.0  million  of  operating  cash  in  fiscal  year  2022,  compared  to  providing  $10.2  million  of 
operating cash in fiscal year 2021, primarily due to significant changes in (gain) loss on disposal of assets, equity in 
earnings of investments, net, and other, net, which primarily related to pension expense and pension settlement cost. 

Changes  in  operating  assets  and  liabilities  provided  $5.3  million  of  operating  cash  in  fiscal  year  2022,  compared  to 
providing  $3.3  million  of  operating  cash  in  fiscal  year  2021,  primarily  due  to  significant  changes  in  accounts 
receivable  and  receivables/other  from  related  parties,  income  taxes  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  growers  and 
suppliers payable and accrued liabilities and payables to related parties. 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

For the years ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, net cash provided by (used in) investing activities was $19.4 million and $(10.2) 
million,  respectively,  and  is  primarily  comprised  of  capital  expenditures,  sales  of  assets,  collection  of  notes  receivable  and 
investments. 

•

•

Capital expenditures for fiscal year 2022 were $10.1 million for property, plant and equipment, primarily related to orchards, 
and real estate development projects. Additionally, in fiscal year 2022 we received $19.3 million in net proceeds from sales of 
assets, $7.9 million in net proceeds from sales of real estate development assets and $2.8 million in collection of loan and notes 
receivable.

Capital expenditures for fiscal year 2021 were comprised of $9.8 million for property, plant and equipment, primarily related to 
orchards,  and  real  estate  development  projects.  Additionally,  in  fiscal  year  2021  we  invested  $0.7  million  in  mutual  water 
companies and water rights.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

For the years ended October 31, 2022 and 2021, net cash (used in) provided by financing activities was $(33.5) million and $0.5 
million, respectively.

•

•

The $(33.5) million of cash used in financing activities for fiscal year 2022 was primarily comprised of net repayments of long-
term  debt  in  the  amount  of  $26.8  million.  Additionally,  in  fiscal  year  2022  we  paid  common  and  preferred  dividends,  in 
aggregate,  of  $5.8  million,  paid  $1.5  million  for  the  exchange  of  common  stock  related  to  our  employees  restricted  stock 
awards and received $1.0 million of proceeds from equipment financings.

The $0.5 million of cash provided by financing activities for fiscal year 2021 was primarily comprised of net borrowings of 
long-term debt in the amount of $7.1 million. Additionally, in fiscal year 2021 we paid common and preferred dividends, in 
aggregate, of $5.8 million and paid $0.7 million for the exchange of common stock related to our employees restricted stock 
awards.

Transactions Affecting Liquidity and Capital Resources

Credit Facilities and Long-Term Debt

We finance our working capital and other liquidity requirements primarily through cash from operations and our Farm Credit West 
Credit Facility, which includes the Master Loan Agreement (the "MLA"), Supplements and Revolving Equity Line of Credit (the 
"RELOC").  In  addition,  we  have  the  Farm  Credit  West  term  loans,  Banco  de  Chile  term  loans  and  COVID-19  loans.  Additional 
information regarding these loans  can be found in Note 10 - Long-Term Debt.

In  June  2021,  we  entered  into  the  MLA  with  Farm  Credit  West,  PCA  (the  "Lender")  dated  June  1,  2021,  together  with  the 
Supplements and a Fixed Interest Rate Agreement, which extends the principal repayment to July 1, 2026. The MLA governs the 
terms of the Supplements.

 40

 
 
 
 
The  Supplements  and  RELOC  provide  aggregate  borrowing  capacity  of  $130.0  million  comprised  of  $75.0  million  under  the 
Revolving Credit Supplement, $40.0 million under the Non-Revolving Credit Supplement and $15.0 million under the RELOC. As 
of October 31, 2022, our outstanding borrowings under the Farm Credit West Credit Facility were $88.5 million and we had $41.5 
million of availability.

The  MLA  subjects  us  to  affirmative  and  restrictive  covenants  including,  among  other  customary  covenants,  financial  reporting 
requirements,  requirements  to  maintain  and  repair  any  collateral,  restrictions  on  the  sale  of  assets,  restrictions  on  the  use  of 
proceeds, prohibitions on the incurrence of additional debt and restrictions on the purchase or sale of major assets of our business. 
We  are  also  subject  to  a  financial  covenant  that  requires  us  to  maintain  compliance  with  a  specified  debt  service  coverage  ratio 
greater than or equal to 1:25:1.0 on an annual basis. We were in compliance as of October 31, 2022.

In August 2021, we entered into the FCW term loan with the Lender and used the proceeds to pay off the Wells Fargo term loan. 
The FCW term loan has a fixed interest rate of 3.19% and is payable in monthly installments through September 2026. 

In  fiscal  years  2022  and  2021  we  received  annual  patronage  dividends  of  $1.6  million  and  $1.2  million,  respectively,  from  the 
Lender. 

Treasury Stock

In  fiscal  year  2021,  our  Company's  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  share  repurchase  program  authorizing  us  to  repurchase  up  to 
$10.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock through September 2022; no shares were repurchased under this program. 
In fiscal year 2020, we repurchased 250,977 shares for $3.5 million under a program which expired in March 2021. 

Dividends

The holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Stock”) and the Series B-2 Preferred Stock (the “Series B-2 
Preferred Stock”) are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends. Such preferred dividends paid totaled $0.5 million in each of the 
fiscal years 2022 and 2021.

Cash dividends declared in each of the fiscal years 2022 and 2021 totaled $0.30 per common share and such dividends paid totaled 
$5.3 million. 

Real Estate Development Activities and Related Capital Resources

As noted under “Transactions Affecting Liquidity and Capital Resources,” we have the ability to control a portion of our investing 
cash flows to the extent necessary based upon our liquidity demands. In order for our real estate development operations to reach 
their maximum potential benefit to us, however, we will need to be successful over time in identifying other third-party sources of 
capital to collaborate with us to move those development projects forward. While we are frequently in discussions with potential 
external sources of capital in respect to all of our development projects, current market conditions for California real estate projects 
make  it  difficult  to  predict  the  timing  and  amounts  of  future  capital  that  will  be  required  to  complete  the  development  of  our 
projects.

In  November  2015,  we  entered  into  a  joint  venture  with  Lewis  for  the  residential  development  of  our  East  Area  I  real  estate 
development  project.  To  consummate  the  transaction,  we  formed  LLCB  as  the  development  entity,  contributed  our  East  Area  I 
property to the joint venture and sold a 50% interest in the joint venture to Lewis for $20.0 million. The first phase of the project 
broke ground to commence mass grading in November 2017. Project plans currently include approximately 1,500 residential units 
and site improvements. A total of  586 residential units have closed from the project's inception to October 31, 2022.

In October 2022, we entered into a joint venture with Lewis for the development of our 17-acre East Area I Retained Property. We 
formed LLCB II as the development entity, contributed our Retained Property to the joint venture and sold a 50% interest to Lewis 
for  approximately  $8.0  million.  We  recorded  a  gain  on  the  transaction  of  approximately  $4.7  million,  of  which  $0.5  million  was 
deferred. 

The  joint  venture  partners  will  share  in  the  capital  contributions  to  fund  project  costs  until  loan  proceeds  and/or  revenues  are 
sufficient to fund the projects. Since inception each partner has made funding contributions of $21.4 million to LLCB. We expect to 
receive approximately $115.0 million from LLCB and LLCB II over the seven remaining years of the projects, including the $8.0 
million received in fiscal year 2022.  

 41

 
Trend Information

The  commodity  pricing  for  our  fresh  produce,  and  therefore  our  revenues  and  margins,  is  significantly  impacted  by  consumer 
demand.  The  worldwide  fresh  produce  industry  has  historically  enjoyed  consistent  underlying  demand  and  favorable  growth 
dynamics.  In  recent  years,  the  market  for  fresh  produce  has  increased  faster  than  the  rate  of  population  growth,  supported  by 
ongoing  trends  including  greater  consumer  demand  for  healthy,  fresh  and  convenient  foods,  increased  retailer  square  footage 
devoted to fresh produce, and greater emphasis on fresh produce as a differentiating factor in attracting customers. Health-conscious 
consumers  are  driving  much  of  the  growth  in  demand  for  fresh  produce.  Over  the  past  several  decades,  the  benefits  of  natural, 
preservative-free and organic foods have become an increasingly significant element of the public dialogue on health and nutrition. 
As  a  result,  consumption  of  fresh  fruit  and  vegetables  has  markedly  increased.  Conversely,  a  decrease  in  demand,  as  was  seen 
during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of restaurant closures, has the impact of reducing our pricing and therefore our revenues 
and margins. 

Critical Accounting Estimates

The  preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  GAAP  requires  us  to  develop  critical  accounting 
policies and make certain estimates, assumptions and judgments that may affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues 
and expenses. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, available relevant data and other information that we 
believe  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  and  we  continue  to  review  and  evaluate  these  estimates.  Actual  results  may 
materially differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions as new or additional information become available 
in  future  periods.  For  further  information  on  significant  accounting  policies,  see  discussion  in  Note  2  -  Summary  of  Significant 
Accounting Policies.

Impairment  of  Real  Estate  Development  Projects  –  We  evaluate  our  real  estate  development  projects,  held  either  by  us  or  as 
included  specifically  within  our  investments  in  LLCB  and  LLCB  II,  for  impairment  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Our  evaluation  for 
impairment  involves  an  initial  assessment  of  each  real  estate  development  project  to  determine  whether  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  exist  that  may  indicate  that  the  carrying  amounts  of,  or  investment  in,  real  estate  development  are  no  longer 
recoverable. Possible indications of impairment may include events or changes in circumstances affecting the entitlement process, 
zoning,  government  regulation,  geographical  demand  for  new  housing  or  commercial  property,  and  market  conditions  related  to 
residential or commercial land lots. When events or changes in circumstances exist, we further evaluate the real estate development 
for impairment by a) comparing undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated over the life of the real estate development 
to  the  respective  carrying  amount  for  our  real  estate  development  or  b)  determining  if  our  equity  in  investment  has  incurred  an 
other-than-temporary decline.

We make significant judgments in evaluating each real estate development project, as held by us or within our investments in LLCB 
and  LLCB  II,  for  possible  indications  of  impairment.  These  judgments  may  relate  to  the  identification  of  appropriate  and 
comparable  market  prices,  the  consideration  of  changes  to  legal  factors  or  the  business  climate,  the  likelihood  of  successfully 
completing the entitlement process, changes in zoning or government regulation, and demand for new housing. Changes in these 
judgments  could  have  a  significant  impact  on  real  estate  development  or  equity  in  investments.  For  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and 
2020, no impairment loss has been recognized on any real estate development and no other-than-temporary-impairment has been 
recognized on our equity in LLCB or LLCB II. 

The impairment calculation for real estate developments held by us compares the carrying value of the asset to the asset’s estimated 
future cash flows (undiscounted). If the estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, we calculate an 
impairment loss. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying value of the asset to the asset’s estimated fair value, which 
may  be  based  on  estimated  future  cash  flows  (discounted).  We  recognize  an  impairment  loss  equal  to  the  amount  by  which  the 
asset’s carrying value exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value. If we recognize an impairment loss, the adjusted carrying amount of 
the asset will be its new cost basis. Restoration of a previously recognized impairment loss is prohibited. If actual results are not 
consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be exposed to 
impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations.

Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of our equity investments in LLCB and LLCB II 
might  not  be  recoverable,  then  we  determine  whether  an  impairment  is  other-than-temporary.  If  we  conclude  the  impairment  is 
other-than-temporary,  we  determine  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  investment  by  performing  a  discounted  cash  flow  or  market 
approach analysis and recognize an other-than-temporary impairment to reduce the investment to its estimated fair value. 

We  believe  that  the  accounting  estimate  related  to  impairment  of  real  estate  development  projects  held  by  us,  or  other-than-
temporary  impairment  of  our  equity  investments  in  LLCB  and  LLCB  II,  is  a  critical  accounting  estimate  because  it  is  very 
susceptible to change from period to period; it requires management to make assumptions about future prices, production, and costs, 

 42

 
and the potential impact of a loss from impairment could be material to our earnings. Management’s assumptions regarding future 
cash flows from real estate development projects or return on equity of our investments in LLCB and LLCB II have fluctuated in the 
past due to changes in prices, production and costs and are expected to continue to do so in the future as market conditions change.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for information concerning recent accounting pronouncements.

 43

 
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

Borrowings under the Farm Credit West Credit Facility and Farm Credit West Term Loans are or will be subject to variable interest 
rates. These variable interest rates subject us to the risk of increased interest costs associated with any upward movements in interest 
rates.  For  the  Farm  Credit  West  Credit  Facility  and  Farm  Credit  West  Term  Loans,  our  borrowing  interest  rate  is  an  internally 
calculated rate based on Farm Credit West’s internal monthly operations and their cost of funds and generally follows the changes in 
the 90-day treasury rates in increments divisible by 0.25%. At October 31, 2022, our total debt outstanding under the Farm Credit 
West Credit Facility and the Farm Credit West Term Loans was $88.5 million and $16.0 million, respectively.

Based  on  our  level  of  borrowings  at  October  31,  2022,  a  100  basis  points  increase  in  interest  rates  would  increase  our  interest 
expense $0.5 million for fiscal year 2023 and an annual average of $0.7 million for the three subsequent fiscal years. Additionally, a 
100  basis  points  increase  in  the  interest  rate  would  decrease  our  net  income  by  $0.4  million  for  fiscal  year  2023  and  an  annual 
average  of  $0.5  million  for  the  three  subsequent  fiscal  years.  Refer  to  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional information.

 44

 
 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Limoneira Company

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Financial Statements of Limoneira Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 31, 2022 and 2021

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Temporary Equity for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 
and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

46

48

49

50

51

52

54

All schedules are omitted for the reason that they are not applicable or the required information is included in the Consolidated 
Financial Statements or the notes thereto.

 45

 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Limoneira Company

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Limoneira Company and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of 
October  31,  2022  and  2021,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations,  comprehensive  loss,  stockholders'  equity  and 
temporary  equity,  and  cash  flows,  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  October  31,  2022,  and  the  related  notes 
(collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, 
the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2022 and 
2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2022, in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We did not audit the financial statements of Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC (“LLCB”), the Company's investment 
in which is accounted for by use of the equity method. The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company 
include, before the basis difference and related amortization discussed in Note 6, its equity investment in LLCB of  $52,431,000 
and $51,416,000 as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and its equity earnings in LLCB of $1,015,000, $4,508,000 and 
$1,386,000 for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The financial statements of LLCB were audited 
by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for the 
Company’s equity investment and equity earnings in LLCB, is based on the report of the other auditors.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2022, based on the criteria established in 
Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission and our report dated December 22, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over 
financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial 
statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included 
evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall 
presentation  of  the  financial  statements.  We  believe  that  our  audits  and  the  report  of  the  other  auditors  provide  a  reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that 
was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that 
are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The 
communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and 
we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the 
accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Real Estate Development – Impairment Indicators – Refer to Notes 2, 5 and 6 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s evaluation of real estate development, as held by the Company or as included specifically within its investment 
in LLCB, for impairment involves an initial assessment of each real estate development to determine whether events or changes 

 46

 
in circumstances exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of, or investment in, real estate development are no longer 
recoverable.  Possible  indications  of  impairment  may  include  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  affecting  the  entitlement 
process, zoning, government regulation, geographical demand for new housing or commercial property, and market conditions 
related to pricing of residential or commercial land lots. When events or changes in circumstances exist, the Company further 
evaluates the real estate development for impairment by a) comparing undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated 
over  the  life  of  the  real  estate  development  to  the  respective  carrying  amount  for  its  own  real  estate  development  or  b) 
determining if its equity investment in LLCB has incurred an other-than-temporary decline. 

The Company makes significant judgments in evaluating real estate development for possible indications of impairment. These 
judgments may relate to the identification of appropriate and comparable market prices, the consideration of changes to legal 
factors  or  the  business  climate,  the  likelihood  of  successfully  completing  the  entitlement  process,  changes  in  zoning  or 
government regulation, and demand for new housing. Changes in these judgments could have a significant impact on real estate 
development or equity investment in LLCB. Real estate development assets were $9,706,000, and equity investment in LLCB 
was $61,154,000 as of October 31, 2022. For the year ended October 31, 2022, no impairment loss has been recognized on the 
real estate development and no other-than-temporary-impairment has been recognized on the Company’s equity investment in 
LLCB.

We  identified  management  judgments  used  in  the  determination  of  impairment  indicators  for  real  estate  development  as  a 
critical  audit  matter  because  of  the  subjectivity  used  by  management  when  determining  whether  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  have  occurred  indicating  that  the  carrying  amount  of,  or  investment  in,  real  estate  development  may  not  be 
recoverable.  This  required  a  high  degree  of  auditor  judgment  when  performing  audit  procedures  to  evaluate  whether 
management appropriately identified impairment indicators.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our  audit  procedures  related  to  the  evaluation  of  real  estate  development  and  equity  investment  in  LLCB  for  possible 
indications of impairment included the following, among others:

• We tested the effectiveness of the controls over management’s identification of possible circumstances that may 

indicate that real estate development or equity investment in LLCB is no longer recoverable, including controls over 
management’s evaluation of the entitlement process, litigation, changes in zoning, government regulation, 
geographical demand and market conditions. 

▪ We evaluated management’s impairment analysis by:

◦

◦

◦

◦

Searching for adverse asset-specific and/or market conditions by reviewing publicly available information on 
land values in the surrounding regions of the development, periodicals and news information relating to the 
Southern California real estate market

Obtaining information from legal counsel and performing inquiries with management in order to evaluate any 
changes in the status of litigation matters affecting the development property and the potential impact on the 
ability to recover the accumulated costs, including any relevant government regulations and/or other matters 
impacting the entitlement process

Obtaining  comparable  land  sales  in  the  area  and  comparing  such  data  to  information  used  by  management 
with the assistance of our fair value specialists

Developing  an  independent  expectation  of  impairment  indicators  and  comparing  such  expectation  to 
management’s analysis

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Los Angeles, California
December 22, 2022 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.

 47

   
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($ in thousands, except share amounts)

Assets

Current assets:

Cash

Accounts receivable, net

Cultural costs

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Receivables/other from related parties

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Real estate development

Equity in investments

Goodwill

Intangible assets, net

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

Growers and suppliers payable

Accrued liabilities

Payables to related parties

Current portion of long-term debt

Total current liabilities

Long-term liabilities:

Long-term debt, less current portion

Deferred income taxes

Other long-term liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock – $100.00 par value (50,000 shares authorized: 14,790 shares issued 
and outstanding at October 31, 2022 and 2021) (8.75% coupon rate)
Series B-2 Convertible Preferred Stock – $100.00 par value (10,000 shares authorized: 9,300 shares issued 
and outstanding at October 31, 2022 and 2021) (4% dividend rate on liquidation value of $1,000 per share)
Stockholders' equity:

Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock – $0.01 par value (20,000 shares authorized: zero shares 
issued or outstanding at October 31, 2022 and 2021)

Common Stock – $0.01 par value (39,000,000 shares authorized: 17,935,292 and 17,936,377 shares 
issued and 17,684,315 and 17,685,400 shares outstanding at October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Treasury stock, at cost, 250,977 shares at October 31, 2022 and 2021

Noncontrolling interest

Total stockholders' equity

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 48

October 31,

2022

2021

$ 

857  $ 

15,651 

8,643 

8,496 

3,888 

37,535 

222,628 

9,706 

72,855 

1,506 

7,317 

16,971 

439 

17,483 

7,500 

10,709 

5,958 

42,089 

242,420 

22,828 

64,072 

1,527 

8,329 

11,011 

$ 

368,518  $ 

392,276 

$ 

10,663  $ 

10,740 

11,279 

4,860 

1,732 

39,274 

104,076 

23,497 

9,807 

176,654 

— 

1,479 

9,331 

— 

177 

165,169 

15,500 

(7,908) 

(3,493) 

11,609 

181,054 

8,963 

10,371 

6,542 

6,976 

2,472 

35,324 

130,353 

22,853 

4,501 

193,031 

— 

1,479 

9,331 

— 

179 

163,965 

21,552 

(5,733) 

(3,493) 

11,965 

188,435 

$ 

368,518  $ 

392,276 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
($ in thousands, except share amounts)

Net revenues:

Agribusiness
Other operations
Total net revenues
Costs and expenses:
Agribusiness
Other operations
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets
Selling, general and administrative

Total costs and expenses
Operating income (loss)
Other (expense) income:

Interest income
Interest expense, net of patronage dividends
Equity in earnings of investments, net
Loss on stock in Calavo Growers, Inc.
Other (expense) income, net

Total other (expense) income

Years Ended October 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

179,281  $ 
5,324 
184,605 

161,381  $ 
4,646 
166,027 

160,651 
4,438 
(4,500)   
21,815 
182,404 
2,201 

53 
(2,291)   
1,341 
— 
(955)   
(1,852)   

148,492 
4,332 
109 
19,427 
172,360 

(6,333)   

379 
(1,501)   
3,203 
— 
89 
2,170 

159,937 
4,622 
164,559 

157,281 
4,504 
502 
21,280 
183,567 
(19,008) 

362 
(2,048) 
339 
(6,299) 
219 
(7,427) 

Income (loss) before income tax (provision) benefit

349 

(4,163)   

(26,435) 

Income tax (provision) benefit
Net loss
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net loss attributable to Limoneira Company
Preferred dividends
Net loss applicable to common stock

Basic net loss per common share

Diluted net loss per common share

(823)   
(474)   
238 
(236)   
(501)   
(737)  $ 

266 
(3,897)   
456 
(3,441)   
(501)   
(3,942)  $ 

8,494 
(17,941) 
1,506 
(16,435) 
(501) 
(16,936) 

(0.04)  $ 

(0.23)  $ 

(0.96) 

(0.04)  $ 

(0.23)  $ 

(0.96) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding-basic
Weighted-average common shares outstanding-diluted

17,513,000 
17,513,000 

17,555,000 
17,555,000 

17,666,000 
17,666,000 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands)

Years Ended October 31,
2021

2022

2020

Net loss

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

Foreign currency translation adjustments
Minimum pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $(71), $940 and $(69)

Pension settlement cost, net of tax of $169, $0 and $0

Residual state tax effects on sale of equity securities

Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax

Comprehensive loss

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

$ 

(474)  $ 

(3,897)  $ 

(17,941) 

(2,430)   
(183)   

438 

— 

(2,175)   

(2,649)   

356 

(685)   
2,500 

— 

— 

1,815 

(707) 
274 

— 

140 

(293) 

(2,082)   

(18,234) 

445 

1,536 

Comprehensive loss attributable to Limoneira Company

$ 

(2,293)  $ 

(1,637)  $ 

(16,698) 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND TEMPORARY EQUITY
($ in thousands)

Stockholders’ Equity

Temporary Equity

Common Stock

Additional
Paid-In

Accumulated
Other

Retained

Comprehensive Treasury

Non-
controlling

Series B
Preferred

Series B-2
Preferred

Shares

Amount

Capital

Earnings

(Loss) Income

Stock

Interest

Total

Stock

Stock

Balance at October 31, 2019

 17,756,180 

$ 

178 

$  160,254 

$  53,089 

$ 

(7,255)  $ 

—  $ 

15,422 

$ 221,688 

$ 

1,479 

$ 

9,331 

Dividends - common ($0.30 
per share)

Dividends - Series B ($8.75 
per share)

Dividends - Series B-2 ($40 
per share)

Stock compensation

Exchange of common stock

Noncontrolling interest 
adjustment

Treasury shares

Net loss

Other comprehensive loss, 
net of tax

— 

— 

— 

112,841 

(11,314) 

— 

(250,977) 

— 

— 

Balance at October 31, 2020

 17,606,730 

Dividends - common ($0.30 
per share)

Dividends - Series B ($8.75 
per share)

Dividends - Series B-2 ($40 
per share)

Stock compensation

Exchange of common stock

Noncontrolling interest 
adjustment

Net loss

Other comprehensive 
income, net of tax

— 

— 

— 

125,663 

(46,993) 

— 

— 

— 

Balance at October 31, 2021

 17,685,400 

Dividends - common ($0.30 
per share)

Dividends - Series B ($8.75 
per share)

Dividends - Series B-2 ($40 
per share)

— 

— 

— 

Stock compensation

104,231 

Exchange of common stock

(105,316) 

Net loss

Other comprehensive loss, 
net of tax

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

179 

— 

— 

— 

1 

(1) 

— 

— 

— 

179 

— 

— 

— 

1 

(3) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,043 

(213) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(5,356) 

(129) 

(372) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(16,435) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(293) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(5,356) 

(129) 

(372) 

2,044 

(213) 

(145) 

(145) 

(3,493) 

— 

(3,493) 

— 

— 

(1,506) 

  (17,941) 

(30) 

(323) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

162,084 

30,797 

(7,548) 

(3,493) 

13,741 

  195,760 

1,479 

9,331 

— 

— 

— 

2,581 

(700) 

— 

— 

— 

(5,303) 

(129) 

(372) 

— 

— 

— 

(3,441) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,815 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(5,303) 

(129) 

(372) 

2,582 

(701) 

(1,331) 

(1,331) 

(456) 

(3,897) 

11 

1,826 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

163,965 

21,552 

(5,733) 

(3,493) 

11,965 

  188,435 

1,479 

9,331 

— 

— 

— 

2,731 

(1,527) 

— 

— 

(5,315) 

(129) 

(372) 

— 

— 

(236) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(2,175) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(5,315) 

(129) 

(372) 

2,732 

(1,530) 

(238) 

(474) 

(118) 

(2,293) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Balance at October 31, 2022

 17,684,315 

$ 

177 

$  165,169 

$  15,500 

$ 

(7,908)  $ 

(3,493)  $ 

11,609 

$ 181,054 

$ 

1,479 

$ 

9,331 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

Operating activities
Net loss
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) 
operating activities:

Years Ended October 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

(474)  $ 

(3,897)  $ 

(17,941) 

Depreciation and amortization
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets
Stock compensation expense
Non-cash lease expense
Equity in earnings of investments, net
Cash distributions from equity investments
Deferred income taxes
Loss on stock in Calavo Growers, Inc.
Other, net

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Account receivable and receivables/other from related parties
Cultural costs
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Income taxes receivable
Other assets
Accounts payable and growers and suppliers payable
Accrued liabilities and payables to related parties
Other long-term liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Investing activities
Capital expenditures
Net proceeds from sales of assets
Net proceeds from sales of real estate development assets
Cash distribution from Trapani Fresh
Net proceeds from sale of stock in Calavo Growers, Inc.
Loan to Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC
Collection on loan and notes receivable
Equity investment contributions
Cash distribution from equity investment
Investments in mutual water companies and water rights
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

9,798 
(4,500)   
2,732 
442 
(1,341)   
483 
548 
— 
1,831 

1,845 
(1,148)   
(325)   
— 
(134)   
1,853 
3,269 

(49)   

14,830 

9,812 
109 
2,582 
520 
(3,203)   
219 
(189)   
— 
335 

(5,076)   
(639)   
(1,021)   
5,911 

(5)   

5,389 
(730)   
(512)   
9,605 

(10,066)   
19,259 
7,917 
122 
— 
— 
2,755 

(48)   
— 
(506)   
19,433  $ 

(9,834)   
119 
— 
— 
— 
— 
25 
— 
106 
(653)   
(10,237)  $ 

$ 

10,097 
502 
2,044 
470 
(339) 
— 
(2,133) 
6,299 
671 

(309) 
359 
(44) 
(4,932) 
411 
(5,545) 
(685) 
(242) 
(11,317) 

(10,599) 
6,261 
— 
— 
11,048 
(1,800) 
1,800 
(2,800) 
— 
(64) 
3,846 

 52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(In thousands)

Financing activities

Borrowings of long-term debt

Repayments of long-term debt

Proceeds from equipment financings

Principal paid on finance lease and equipment financings

Dividends paid - common

Dividends paid - preferred

Exchange of common stock

Purchase of treasury stock

Payments of deferred financing costs

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Net increase (decrease) in cash

Cash at beginning of year

Cash at end of year

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid during the year for interest, net of amounts capitalized

Cash paid (received) during the year for income taxes, net

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Contribution of real estate development to equity investment

Reduction of net payables to related parties

Reduction of note receivable

Capital expenditures accrued but not paid at year-end

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Years Ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

146,941  $ 

102,196  $ 

121,056 

(173,755)   

(95,140)   

(104,066) 

1,020 

(377)   

(5,315)   

(501)   

(1,530)   

— 

— 

(33,517)   

(328)   

418 

439 

857  $ 

— 

(18)   

(5,303)   

(501)   

(700)   

— 

— 

534 

36 

(62)   

501 

439  $ 

— 

— 

(5,356) 

(501) 

(213) 

(3,493) 

(66) 

7,361 

(5) 

(115) 

616 

501 

2,064  $ 

83  $ 

1,503  $ 

(5,911)  $ 

1,865 

(1,235) 

7,975  $ 

2,392  $ 

388  $ 

430  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

— 

— 

— 

657  $ 

4,269 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Business

Limoneira  Company  (together  with  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  the  “Company”)  engages  primarily  in  growing  citrus  and 
avocados, picking and hauling citrus, and packing, marketing and selling citrus. The Company is also engaged in residential 
rentals and other rental operations and real estate development activities.

The  Company  markets  and  sells  citrus  directly  to  food  service,  wholesale  and  retail  customers  throughout  the  United  States, 
Canada,  Asia,  Europe  and  other  international  markets.  The  Company  is  a  member  of  Sunkist  Growers,  Inc.  (“Sunkist”),  an 
agricultural marketing cooperative, and sells a portion of its oranges, specialty citrus and other crops to Sunkist-licensed and 
other third-party packinghouses.

Through  fiscal  year  2021,  the  Company  sold  the  majority  of  its  avocado  production  to  Calavo  Growers,  Inc.  (“Calavo”),  a 
packing and marketing company listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CVGW. In February 2022, the 
Company  terminated  its  Avocado  Marketing  Agreement  and  the  associated  Letter  Agreement  Regarding  Fruit  Commitment 
with Calavo to pursue opportunities with other packing and marketing companies.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  the  accounts  of  all  the  subsidiaries  and 
investments in which the Company holds a controlling interest. The consolidated financial statements represent the consolidated 
balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of comprehensive loss, statements of stockholders’ equity and temporary 
equity  and  statements  of  cash  flows  of  Limoneira  Company  and  consolidated  subsidiaries.  Intercompany  balances  and 
transactions  have  been  eliminated  in  consolidation.  The  Company  considers  the  criteria  established  under  the  Financial 
Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) – Accounting Standards Code (“ASC”) 810, Consolidations, and the effect of variable 
interest entities, in its consolidation process.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires 
management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during 
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounts Receivable

The Company grants credit in the course of its operations to cooperatives, companies and lessees of the Company’s facilities. 
The  Company  performs  periodic  credit  evaluations  of  its  customers’  financial  condition  and  generally  does  not  require 
collateral.  The  Company  provides  allowances  on  its  receivables  as  required  based  on  accounts  receivable  aging  and  other 
factors. At October 31, 2022 and 2021 the allowances totaled $469,000 and $444,000, respectively. For fiscal years 2022, 2021 
and 2020, credit losses were insignificant.

Concentrations and Geographic Information

The Company sells the majority of its avocados, oranges and specialty citrus and other crops to third-party packinghouses and 
processors. Prior to fiscal year 2022, the Company sold a majority of its avocado production to Calavo. Sales of avocados to 
Calavo were $6,594,000 and $8,806,000 in fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to revenues and accounts receivable are limited due to a large, diverse customer base. 
One customer represented 11% of revenue for the year ended October 31, 2022 and two customers each represented 10% of 
revenue for the year ended October 31, 2021. No individual customer represented more than 10% of accounts receivable, net as 
of October 31, 2022 and 2021. 

Lemons procured from third-party growers were approximately 52%, 52% and 60% of the Company's lemon supply in fiscal 
years  2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  One  third-party  grower  was  21%  and  46%  of  growers  and  suppliers  payable  at 
October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The  Company  maintains  its  cash  in  federally  insured  financial  institutions.  The  account  balances  at  these  institutions 
periodically  exceed  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation  (“FDIC”)  insurance  coverage  and,  as  a  result,  there  is  a 
concentration of risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage.

 54

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Concentrations and Geographic Information (continued)

During  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  had  approximately  $3,614,000,  $2,976,000  and  $3,521,000, 
respectively, of total sales in Chile by Fruticola Pan de Azucar S.A. (“PDA”) and Agricola San Pablo SpA. ("San Pablo"). 

During  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  had  approximately  $673,000,  $3,633,000  and  $14,150,000, 
respectively, of total sales in Argentina. 

The majority of the Company's avocados, oranges and specialty citrus and other crops are sold to packinghouses and processors 
located  in  the  United  States.  Most  of  its  long-lived  assets  are  located  within  the  United  States.  Long-lived  assets,  net  of 
accumulated depreciation, located in Chile were $12,663,000 and $14,322,000 as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, 
and located in Argentina were $19,440,000 and $19,700,000 as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Cultural Costs

Growing costs, also referred to as cultural costs, consist of orchard maintenance costs such as cultivation, fertilization and soil 
amendments,  pest  control,  pruning  and  irrigation.  Harvest  costs  are  comprised  of  labor  and  equipment  expenses  incurred  to 
harvest and deliver crops to the packinghouses.

Certain  of  the  Company's  crops  have  distinct  growing  periods  and  distinct  harvest  and  selling  periods,  each  of  which  lasts 
approximately  four  to  eight  months.  During  the  growing  period,  cultural  costs  are  capitalized  as  they  are  associated  with 
benefiting and preparing the crops for the harvest and selling period. During the harvest and selling period, harvest costs and 
cultural costs are expensed when incurred and capitalized cultural costs are amortized as components of agribusiness costs and 
expenses.

Due to climate, growing conditions and the types of crops grown, certain of the Company's other crops may be harvested and 
sold  on  a  year-round  basis.  Accordingly,  the  Company  does  not  capitalize  cultural  costs  associated  with  these  crops  and 
therefore  such  costs,  as  well  as  harvest  costs  associated  with  these  crops,  are  expensed  to  operations  when  incurred  as 
components of agribusiness costs and expenses.

Most cultural costs, including amortization of capitalized cultural costs, and harvest costs are associated with and charged to 
specific  crops.  Certain  other  costs,  such  as  property  taxes,  indirect  labor,  including  farm  supervision  and  management,  and 
irrigation that benefit multiple crops are allocated to crops on a per acre basis.

Income Taxes

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statement and income tax 
bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. Such deferred income tax asset and 
liability computations are based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to periods in which the differences are expected to 
affect taxable income. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount 
expected to be realized.

Tax  benefits  from  an  uncertain  tax  position  are  only  recognized  if  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  tax  position  will  be 
sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized 
in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood 
of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at original cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the 
straight-line method at rates based upon the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows (in years):

Land improvements
Buildings and building improvements
Equipment
Orchards and vineyards

10 – 30
10 – 50
5 – 20
20 – 40

Costs of planting and developing orchards are capitalized until the orchards become commercially productive. Planting costs 
consist primarily of the costs to purchase and plant nursery stock. Orchard development costs consist primarily of maintenance 
costs of orchards such as cultivation, pruning, irrigation, labor, pest control and fertilization, and interest costs during the 

 55

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Property, Plant and Equipment (continued)

development period. The Company ceases the capitalization of costs and commences depreciation when the orchards become 
commercially productive and orchard maintenance costs are accounted for as cultural costs as described above.

Capitalized Interest

Interest is capitalized on real estate development projects and significant construction in progress using the weighted average 
interest rate during the fiscal year. Capitalized interest is included in property, plant, and equipment and real estate development 
assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Real Estate Development Costs

The Company capitalizes the planning, entitlement, construction, development costs and interest associated with its various real 
estate projects. Costs that are not capitalized, which include property maintenance and repairs, general and administrative and 
marketing expenses, are expensed as incurred. A real estate development project is considered substantially complete upon the 
cessation  of  construction  and  development  activities.  Once  a  project  is  substantially  completed,  future  costs  are  expensed  as 
incurred. The Company capitalized costs related to its real estate projects of $637,000 and $1,192,000 in fiscal years 2022 and 
2021, respectively.

Equity in Investments

Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in which the Company has significant influence but less than a controlling interest, 
or is not the primary beneficiary if the joint venture is determined to be a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”), are accounted for 
under the equity method of accounting and, accordingly, are adjusted for capital contributions, distributions and the Company’s 
equity in net earnings or loss of the respective joint venture.

Equity Securities

The Company had no equity securities as of October 31, 2022 and 2021. In fiscal year 2020, the Company sold all 200,000 
shares of Calavo common stock for a total of $11,048,000, recognizing a loss of $6,299,000

Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

Intangible  assets  consist  primarily  of  customer  relationships,  trade  names  and  trademarks  and  a  non-competition  agreement. 
The  Company’s  definite-life  intangible  assets  are  being  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  their  estimated  lives  ranging 
from eight to ten years. Acquired water and mineral rights are indefinite-life assets not subject to amortization. Assets held for 
sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated cost to sell.

The Company evaluates long-lived assets, including its property and equipment, real estate development projects and definite-
life intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset 
may not be recoverable. If the estimated fair value or undiscounted future cash flows from the use of an asset are less than the 
carrying value of that asset, a write-down is recorded to reduce the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair value. The 
Company  evaluates  its  indefinite-life  intangible  assets  annually  or  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  an 
impairment of the assets’ value may exist. 

COVID-19 Pandemic

There is uncertainty around the breadth and duration of the Company's business disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. 
The decline in demand for the Company's products beginning the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, which it believes was due 
to the COVID-19 pandemic, negatively impacted its sales and profitability for the last three quarters of fiscal year 2020 and all 
of fiscal years 2021 and 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic may impact its sales and profitability in future periods. The duration 
of  these  trends  and  the  magnitude  of  such  impacts  are  uncertain  and  therefore  cannot  be  estimated  at  this  time,  as  they  are 
influenced  by  a  number  of  factors,  many  of  which  are  outside  management’s  control.  The  full  impact  of  the  COVID-19 
pandemic on the Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity, including its ability to comply with debt 
covenants, for fiscal year 2023 and beyond, is driven by estimates that contain uncertainties.

Goodwill

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis or when an event or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying 
value  may  not  be  recoverable.  Goodwill  impairment  is  tested  at  the  reporting  unit  level,  which  is  defined  as  an  operating 
segment or one level below the operating segment. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing 

 56

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Goodwill (continued)

the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the 
carrying  amount  exceeds  the  reporting  unit’s  fair  value;  however,  the  loss  recognized  should  not  exceed  the  total  amount  of 
goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit 
to  determine  if  the  quantitative  impairment  test  is  necessary.  Goodwill  impairment  testing  involves  significant  judgment  and 
estimates. 

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable,  growers  and  suppliers  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  reported  on  the  Company’s 
consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of the instruments.

Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value 
of long-term debt is approximately equal to its carrying amount as of October 31, 2022 and 2021.

Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Comprehensive  income  or  loss  represents  all  changes  in  a  company’s  net  assets,  except  changes  resulting  from  transactions 
with stockholders. Other comprehensive income or loss primarily includes foreign currency translation items, defined benefit 
pension items and unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is reported 
as a component of the Company's stockholders' equity.

The following table summarizes the changes in other comprehensive (loss) income by component (in thousands):

Foreign currency translation 
adjustments

Minimum pension liability 
adjustments:

Other comprehensive (loss) income 
before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified to earnings 
included in "Other (expense) income, 
net"

Available-for-sale securities:

Amounts reclassified to earnings 
included in "Selling, general and 
administrative"

2022
Tax 
(Expense) 
Benefit 

Pre-tax 
Amount

Net 
Amount

Pre-tax 
Amount

2021
Tax 
(Expense) 
Benefit

Net 
Amount

Pre-tax 
Amount

2020
Tax 
(Expense) 
Benefit

Net 
Amount

$ 

(2,430)  $ 

—  $ 

(2,430)  $ 

(685)  $ 

—  $ 

(685)  $ 

(707)  $ 

—  $ 

(707) 

(254) 

71 

(183) 

3,440 

(940) 

2,500 

205 

607 

(169) 

438 

— 

— 

— 

— 

69 

— 

274 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

140 

140 

Other comprehensive (loss) income

$ 

(2,077)  $ 

(98)  $ 

(2,175)  $ 

2,755  $ 

(940)  $ 

1,815  $ 

(502)  $ 

209  $ 

(293) 

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income by component (in thousands):

Balance as of October 31, 2019
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance as of October 31, 2020
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance as of October 31, 2021
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance as of October 31, 2022

Foreign Currency

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation Loss

Defined 
Benefit 
Pension Plan

Available-for-
Sale 
Securities

Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive 
(Loss) Income

(2,362)   
(707)   
(3,069)   
(685)   
(3,754)   
(2,430)   
(6,184)  $ 

(4,753)   
274 
(4,479)   
2,500 
(1,979)   
255 
(1,724)  $ 

(140)   
140 
— 
— 
— 
— 
—  $ 

$ 

(7,255) 
(293) 
(7,548) 
1,815 
(5,733) 
(2,175) 
(7,908) 

San Pablo and PDA’s functional currency is the Chilean Peso. Their balance sheets are translated to U.S. dollars at exchange 
rates in effect at the balance sheet date and their income statements are translated at average exchange rates during the reporting 

 57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Foreign Currency (continued)

period.  The  resulting  foreign  currency  translation  adjustments  are  recorded  as  a  separate  component  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive (loss) income. 

Aggregate  foreign  exchange  transaction  losses  realized  for  the  Company's  foreign  subsidiaries  were  approximately  $204,000 
and $646,000 for fiscal years 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in 
the consolidated statements of operations. 

Revenue Recognition

The  Company  recognizes  revenue  in  accordance  with  ASC  606,  Revenue  from  contracts  with  customers,  and  recognizes 
revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which 
the  Company  expects  to  be  entitled  in  exchange  for  those  goods  or  services.  To  achieve  that  core  principle,  the  Company 
applies the following steps:

•
•
•
•
•

Identify the contract(s) with a customer;
Identify the performance obligations in the contract;
Determine the transaction price;
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract;
Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The  Company  determines  the  appropriate  method  by  which  it  recognizes  revenue  by  analyzing  the  nature  of  the  products  or 
services being provided as well as the terms and conditions of contracts or arrangements entered into with its customers. The 
Company  accounts  for  a  contract  when  it  has  approval  and  commitment  from  both  parties,  the  rights  of  the  parties  are 
identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. 
A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct good or service (i.e., performance obligation) identified in the contract 
and each performance obligation is valued based on its estimated relative standalone selling price.

The Company recognizes the majority of its revenue at a point in time when it satisfies a performance obligation and transfers 
control of the product to the respective customer. The amount of revenue that is recognized is based on the transaction price, 
which  represents  the  invoiced  amount  and  includes  estimates  of  variable  consideration  such  as  allowances  for  estimated 
customer  discounts  or  concessions,  where  applicable.  The  amount  of  variable  consideration  included  in  the  transaction  price 
may  be  constrained  and  is  included  only  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  a  significant  reversal  in  the  amount  of  the 
cumulative revenue recognized under the contract will not occur in a future period.

Agribusiness revenue - Revenue from lemon sales is generally recognized at a point in time when the customer takes control of 
the fruit from the Company’s packinghouse, which aligns with the transfer of title to the customer. The Company has elected to 
treat any shipping and handling costs incurred after control of the goods has been transferred to the customer as agribusiness 
costs.

The Company’s avocados, oranges, specialty citrus and other specialty crops are packed and sold by third-party packinghouses. 
The Company’s arrangements with its third-party packinghouses are such that the Company is the producer and supplier of the 
product and the third-party packinghouses are the Company’s customers. The Company controls the product until it is delivered 
to the third-party packinghouses at which time control of the product is transferred to the third-party packinghouses and revenue 
is recognized.

Revenue from crop insurance proceeds is recorded when the amount can be reasonably determined and upon establishment of 
the present right to payment. We recorded agribusiness revenues from crop insurance proceeds of $449,000 in fiscal year 2022. 
There were no proceeds received in fiscal years 2021and 2020. 

Advertising Expense

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs were $165,000, $178,000 and $239,000 in fiscal years 2022, 2021 
and 2020, respectively.

Leases

Accounting for Leases as a Lessee - In its ordinary course of business, the Company enters into leases as a lessee generally for 
agricultural land and packinghouse facilities and equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a 
lease at inception. Operating and finance leases are included in other assets, accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities on 

 58

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Leases (continued)

its consolidated balance sheets. Lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease 
term  and  lease  liabilities  represent  the  obligation  to  make  lease  payments  arising  from  the  lease,  measured  on  a  discounted 
basis. Lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments 
over the lease term at commencement date. The Company uses either its incremental borrowing rate based on the information 
available at commencement date, or the rate implicit in the lease, if known, in determining the present value of future payments. 

Operating lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an 
initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet as the Company has elected to recognize lease expense 
for  these  leases  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term.  The  Company  has  material  leases  with  related  parties  which  are 
further described in Note 14 - Related-Party Transactions. 

Certain of the Company’s agricultural land agreements contain variable costs based on a percentage of the operating results of 
the leased property. Such variable lease costs are expensed as incurred. These land agreements also contain costs for non-lease 
components,  such  as  water  usage,  which  the  Company  accounts  for  separately  from  the  lease  components.  For  all  other 
agreements,  the  Company  generally  combines  lease  and  non-lease  components  in  calculating  the  ROU  assets  and  lease 
liabilities. See Note 12 - Leases for additional information. 

Accounting for Leases as a Lessor - Leases in which the Company acts as the lessor include land, residential and commercial 
units  and  are  all  classified  as  operating  leases.  Certain  of  the  Company’s  contracts  contain  variable  income  based  on  a 
percentage of the operating results of the leased asset. Certain of the Company’s contracts contain non-lease components such 
as water, utilities and common area services. The Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for its 
lessor arrangements and the combined component is accounted for entirely under ASC 842, Leases. The underlying asset in an 
operating lease arrangement is carried at depreciated cost within property, plant, and equipment, net on the consolidated balance 
sheets.  Depreciation  is  calculated  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  useful  life  of  the  underlying  asset.  The  Company 
recognizes operating lease revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per common share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the 
period  without  consideration  of  the  dilutive  effect  of  conversion  of  preferred  stock.  Diluted  net  loss  per  common  share  is 
calculated  using  the  weighted-average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the  period  plus  the  dilutive  effect  of 
conversion of unvested, restricted stock and preferred stock. 

Diluted net loss per common share is calculated using the more dilutive method of either the two-class method or the treasury 
stock  method.  Unvested  stock-based  compensation  awards  that  contain  non-forfeitable  rights  to  dividends  as  participating 
shares are included in computing earnings per share. The Company’s unvested, restricted stock awards qualify as participating 
shares.

Defined Benefit Retirement Plan

The Company sponsors a defined benefit retirement plan (the "Plan") that was frozen in June 2004, and no future benefits have 
been accrued to participants subsequent to that time. Ongoing accounting for this plan under FASB ASC 715, Compensation – 
Retirement  Benefits,  provides  guidance  as  to,  among  other  things,  future  estimated  pension  expense,  pension  liability  and 
minimum  funding  requirements.  This  information  is  provided  to  the  Company  by  third-party  actuarial  consultants.  In 
developing this data, certain estimates and assumptions are used, including among other things, discount rate, long-term rate of 
return and mortality tables. 

In  fiscal  year  2021,  the  Company  decided  to  terminate  the  Plan  effective  December  31,  2021.  The  liabilities  disclosed  as  of 
October 31, 2022 and 2021, reflect an estimate of the additional cost to pay lump sums to a portion of the active and vested 
terminated participants and purchase annuities for all remaining participants from an insurance company. 

The Company used the latest mortality tables released by the Society of Actuaries through October 2022 to measure its pension 
obligation  as  of  October  31,  2022  and  combined  with  the  assumed  discount  rate  and  other  demographic  assumptions,  its 
pension liability increased by approximately $1,425,000 as of October 31, 2022. 

On November 4, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Principal Life Insurance Company for the purchase of an 
annuity  contract  in  connection  with  the  Plan  termination.  On  November  10,  2022,  the  annuity  contract  was  purchased  for 
$12,617,000, payable with Plan assets and a $2,500,000 cash payment from the Company.

 59

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  ("FASB")  Accounting  Standards  Update  ("ASU")  2020-06,  Debt—Debt  with 
Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 
815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity

This  amendment  simplifies  accounting  for  convertible  instruments  by  removing  major  separation  models  currently  required 
under  GAAP.  Consequently,  more  convertible  debt  instruments  will  be  reported  as  a  single  liability  instrument  and  more 
convertible preferred stock as a single equity instrument with no separate accounting for embedded conversion features. The 
ASU removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception, 
which  will  permit  more  equity  contracts  to  qualify  for  it.  The  ASU  also  simplifies  the  diluted  earnings  per  share  (EPS) 
calculation in certain areas.

ASU  2020-06  is  effective  for  public  business  entities  that  meet  the  definition  of  a  SEC  filer  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after 
December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this ASU effective November 1, 2021 and the adoption did not have a material 
impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

3. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following at October 31 (in thousands):

Prepaid supplies and insurance

Note receivable and related interest

Real estate development held for sale

Sales tax receivable

Lemon supplier advances 

Other

4. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consists of the following at October 31 (in thousands):

Land
Land improvements
Buildings and building improvements
Equipment
Orchards and vineyards
Construction in progress

Less accumulated depreciation

2022

2021

$ 

2,958  $ 

— 

2,670 

475 

1,188 

1,205 

$ 

8,496  $ 

2,521 

2,438 

2,543 

909 

— 

2,298 

10,709 

2022

2021

87,617  $ 
37,221 
37,929 
61,615 
60,657 
28,489 
313,528 
(90,900)   
222,628  $ 

95,868 
35,440 
48,565 
62,598 
63,454 
22,477 
328,402 
(85,982) 
242,420 

$ 

$ 

Depreciation expense was $9,075,000, $8,883,000 and $9,098,000 for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

In August 2020, the Company sold property located in Lindsay, California. The Company received net proceeds of $6,011,000 
after transaction and other costs, and recorded a loss of approximately $424,000, which is included in (gain) loss on disposal of 
assets in the consolidated statements of operations. 

In  October  2022,  the  Company  sold  the  Oxnard  Lemon  property  and  packing  facility  located  in  Ventura  County,  California. 
The Company received net proceeds of $19,144,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $846,000, which is included in 
(gain) loss on disposal of assets in the consolidated statements of operations. Concurrent with the closing of the sale, the 

 60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

4. Property, Plant and Equipment (continued)

Company entered into a lease agreement to continue use of the property as a lessee for a period of 36 months from the closing 
date, with extension options for an additional 24 months.

5. Real Estate Development

Real  estate  development  assets  are  comprised  primarily  of  land  and  land  development  costs  and  consist  of  the  following  at 
October 31 (in thousands):

East Area I - Retained Property

East Area II

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

9,706 

9,706  $ 

13,335 

9,493 

22,828 

East Area I, Retained Property and East Area II

In  fiscal  year  2005,  the  Company  began  capitalizing  the  costs  of  two  real  estate  development  projects  east  of  Santa  Paula, 
California,  for  the  development  of  550  acres  of  land  into  residential  units,  commercial  buildings  and  civic  facilities.  In 
November  2015  (the  "Transaction  Date"),  the  Company  entered  into  a  joint  venture  with  The  Lewis  Group  of  Companies 
(“Lewis”) for the residential development of its East Area I real estate development project. To consummate the transaction, the 
Company formed Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC (“LLCB”) as the development entity, contributed its East Area I 
property to LLCB and sold a 50% interest to Lewis for $20,000,000.

The  Company  and  LLCB  also  entered  into  a  Retained  Property  Development  Agreement  on  the  Transaction  Date  (the 
"Retained Property Agreement"). Under the terms of the Retained Property Agreement, LLCB transferred certain contributed 
East  Area  I  property,  which  is  entitled  for  commercial  development,  back  to  the  Company  (the  "Retained  Property")  and 
arranged for the design and construction of certain improvements to the Retained Property, subject to certain reimbursements 
by the Company. The balance in Retained Property and East Area II includes estimated costs incurred by and reimbursable to 
LLCB  of  $3,444,000  and  $5,771,000  at  October  31,  2022  and  2021,  respectively,  which  is  included  in  payables  to  related 
parties.

In  January  2018,  LLCB  entered  into  a  $45,000,000  unsecured  Line  of  Credit  Loan  Agreement  and  Promissory  Note  (the 
“Loan”)  with  Bank  of  America,  N.A.  to  fund  early  development  activities.  The  Loan,  as  modified  and  extended,  matures 
February  22,  2023.  The  interest  rate  on  the  Loan  is  LIBOR  plus  2.85%  and  is  payable  monthly.  The  Loan  contains  certain 
customary default provisions and LLCB may prepay any amounts outstanding under the Loan without penalty. The Loan had 
an outstanding balance of $4,500,000 as of October 31, 2022. The Loan has a one year extension option through February 22, 
2024  subject  to  terms  and  conditions  as  defined  in  the  agreement,  with  the  maximum  borrowing  amount  reduced  to 
$35,000,000 during the extension period. In December 2022, LLCB exercised the extension option. 

In  February  2018,  certain  principals  from  Lewis  and  by  the  Company  guaranteed  the  obligations  under  the  Loan.  The 
guarantors are jointly and severally liable for all Loan obligations in the event of default by LLCB. The guarantee continues in 
effect  until  all  of  the  Loan  obligations  are  fully  paid.  The  $1,080,000  estimated  value  of  the  guarantee  was  recorded  in  the 
Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheets  and  is  included  in  other  long-term  liabilities  with  a  corresponding  value  in  equity  in 
investments. Additionally, a Reimbursement Agreement was executed between the Lewis guarantors and the Company, which 
provides for unpaid liabilities of LLCB to be shared pro-rata by the Lewis guarantors and the Company in proportion to their 
percentage interest in LLCB.

In  October  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  a  joint  venture  with  Lewis  for  the  development  of  the  Retained  Property.  The 
Company formed LLCB II, LLC ("LLCB II") as the development entity, contributed the Retained Property to the joint venture 
and sold a 50% interest to Lewis for $7,975,000. After transaction costs, the Company received net proceeds of $7,917,000 and 
recorded a gain on the transaction of $4,652,000, of which $465,000 was deferred and $4,187,000 is included in (gain) loss on 
disposal of assets in the consolidated statements of operations. The joint venture partners will share in the capital contributions 
to fund project costs until loan proceeds and/or revenues are sufficient to fund the project. In connection with the closing, the 
Company  and  Lewis  amended  LLCB’s  Limited  Liability  Company  Agreement  to  provide  that  LLCB  is  to  include  the 
processing of final approval for additional residential units to be developed and constructed on the Retained Property.

Through October 31, 2022, LLCB has closed sales of the initial residential lots representing 586 residential units.

 61

 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

5. Real Estate Development (continued)

Other Real Estate Development Projects

In fiscal year 2020, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its Sevilla property for $2,700,000, which closed in the first 
quarter  of  fiscal  year  2023.  After  transaction  and  other  costs,  the  Company  received  cash  proceeds  of  approximately 
$2,577,000. During fiscal year 2022, the Company incurred additional costs to prepare the asset for sale, of which $127,000 
were capitalized and $153,000 were recorded in (gain) loss on disposal of assets. The carrying value of the property at October 
31, 2022 and 2021, was $2,670,000 and $2,543,000, respectively, and was classified as held for sale and included in prepaid 
expenses and other current assets.

In  December  2017,  the  Company  sold  its  Centennial  property  with  a  net  book  value  of  $2,983,000  for  $3,250,000.  The 
Company  received  cash  and  a  $3,000,000  promissory  note  secured  by  the  property  for  the  balance  of  the  purchase.  The 
promissory note was originally scheduled to mature in December 2019, but was periodically extended with principal payments 
totaling $400,000 received through October 31, 2021. In fiscal year 2022, the promissory note was paid in full and the deferred 
gain of $161,000 was recorded in (gain) loss on disposal of assets. 

6. Equity in Investments

Limco Del Mar, Ltd.

The Company has a 1.3% interest in Limco Del Mar, Ltd. (“Del Mar”) as a general partner and a 26.8% interest as a limited 
partner. Based on the terms of the partnership agreement, the Company may be removed as general partner without cause from 
the partnership upon the vote of the limited partners owning an aggregate of 50% or more interest in the partnership. Since the 
Company has significant influence, but less than a controlling interest, the Company’s investment in Del Mar is accounted for 
using the equity method of accounting.

The  Company  provides  Del  Mar  with  farm  management,  orchard  land  development  and  accounting  services  and  received 
expense  reimbursements  of  $202,000,  $200,000  and  $210,000  in  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  Del  Mar 
markets  lemons  through  the  Company  pursuant  to  its  customary  marketing  agreements  and  the  amount  of  lemons  procured 
from Del Mar was $1,568,000, $1,681,000 and $1,037,000 in fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Fruit proceeds due 
to Del Mar were $703,000 and $694,000 at October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included in growers and suppliers 
payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Romney Property Partnership

In May 2007, the Company and an individual formed the Romney Property Partnership (“Romney”) for the purpose of owning 
and leasing an office building and adjacent lot in Santa Paula, California. The Company paid $489,000 in 2007 for 75% interest 
in  Romney.  The  terms  of  the  partnership  agreement  affirm  the  status  of  the  Company  as  a  noncontrolling  investor  in  the 
partnership  since  the  Company  cannot  exercise  unilateral  control  over  the  partnership.  Since  the  Company  has  significant 
influence, but less than a controlling interest, the Company’s investment in Romney is accounted for using the equity method of 
accounting. Net profits, losses and cash flows of Romney are shared by the Company, which receives 75% and the individual, 
who receives 25%.

Rosales S.A.

The Company currently has a 47% equity interest in Rosales S.A, (“Rosales”) of which 35% was acquired in fiscal year 2014 
and  an  additional  12%  interest  was  acquired  with  the  purchase  of  PDA  in  fiscal  year  2017.  Rosales  is  a  citrus  packing, 
marketing and sales business located in La Serena, Chile. In addition, the Company has the right to acquire the interest of the 
majority shareholder of Rosales upon death or disability of Rosales’ general manager for the fair value of the interest on the 
date  of  the  event  as  defined  in  the  shareholders’  agreement.  Since  the  Company  has  significant  influence,  but  less  than  a 
controlling interest, the Company’s investment in Rosales is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

Rosales’  functional  currency  is  the  Chilean  Peso.  The  following  financial  information  has  been  translated  to  U.S.  dollars.  In 
addition, as a result of the Company’s acquisition of its equity interest, basis differences were identified between the historical 
cost of the net assets of Rosales and the proportionate fair value of the net assets acquired. Such basis differences aggregated to 
$1,683,000  on  the  acquisition  date  and  are  primarily  comprised  of  intangible  assets,  including  $343,000  of  equity  method 
goodwill.  An  additional  $925,000  of  basis  differences  were  identified  with  the  February  2017  PDA  acquisition,  including 
$143,000  of  equity  method  goodwill.  The  $2,122,000  in  basis  differences  exclusive  of  goodwill  is  being  amortized  over  the 
estimated life of the underlying intangible assets as a reduction in the equity investment and an expense included in equity in 
earnings  of  investments.  Amortization  amounted  to  $118,000,  $180,000  and  $180,000  for  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively, and is estimated to be approximately $87,000 and $76,000 per year for years ending October 31, 2023 and 2024, 
respectively, and immaterial thereafter. 

 62

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

6. Equity in Investments (continued)

Rosales (continued)

The  Company  recognized  $3,615,000,  $3,405,000  and  $3,975,000  of  lemon  sales  to  Rosales  in  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and 
2020, respectively. In fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020, the aggregate amount of lemons and oranges procured from Rosales 
was  $3,821,000,  $5,304,000  and  $3,190,000,  respectively.  Amounts  due  from  Rosales  were  $270,000  and  $1,570,000  at 
October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included in receivables/other from related parties.

Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC (“LLCB”)

As described in Note 5 – Real Estate Development, the Company has a joint venture with Lewis for the residential development 
of its East Area I real estate development project. In addition to the assessment performed by the Company of its investment in 
LLCB under the requirements of Regulation S-X Rule 4-08(g), the Company also assessed its investment in LLCB under the 
requirements  of  Regulation  S-X  Rule  3-09(b).  LLCB  was  not  deemed  significant  for  the  years  ended  October  31,  2022  and 
2020 but was significant for the year ended October 31, 2021. Therefore, the audited financial statements of LLCB for the years 
ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are provided as exhibits to this document to comply with this rule. Additionally, there 
is a basis difference between the Company’s historical investment in the project and the amount recorded in members’ capital 
by  LLCB  of  $52,431,000  as  of  October  31,  2022.  The  basis  difference  of  $8,723,000  at  October  31,  2022  is  primarily 
comprised of capitalized interest, amounts related to the loan guarantee and certain other costs incurred by Limoneira Company 
during the development period. This basis difference is being amortized as lots are sold utilizing the relative sales value method 
and the amount amortized in fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 totaled $77,000, $1,434,000 and $1,060,000, respectively. The 
Company's  share  of  LLCB's  net  income  for  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020  prior  to  basis  amortization  was  $1,015,000, 
$4,508,000 and 1,386,000, respectively.

LLCB II, LLC (“LLCB II”)

As described in Note 5 - Real Estate Development, in October 2022, the Company formed a joint venture with Lewis for the 
residential development of its Retained Property. Control is shared with Lewis, therefore the Company's investment in LLCB II 
is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. 

The following is financial information of the equity method investees for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Del Mar

Romney

Rosales

LLCB

LLCB II

3,478  $  116,596  $ 

16,051 

2022

Current assets

Non-current assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Revenues

Operating income (loss)

Net income (loss)

2021

Current assets

Non-current assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Revenues

Operating income (loss)

Net income (loss)

2020
Revenues
Operating income (loss)
Net income (loss)

—  $ 

612  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

6  $ 

(1)  $ 

(1)  $ 

—  $ 

617  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

17  $ 

(4)  $ 

(4)  $ 

2,606  $ 

—  $ 

3,076  $ 

10,531  $ 

1,686  $ 

—  $ 

7,177  $ 

2,500  $ 

272  $ 

1,809  $ 

26  $ 

1,809  $ 

3,544  $  108,964  $ 

2,406  $ 

—  $ 

2,362  $ 

4,708  $ 

2,083  $ 

—  $ 

9,862  $ 

42,853  $ 

438  $ 

9,087  $ 

35  $ 

9,087  $ 

20  $ 
(2)  $ 
(2)  $ 

10,097  $ 
1,216  $ 
476  $ 

25,906  $ 
2,615  $ 
2,615  $ 

— 

5 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

654  $ 

807  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

2,882  $ 

1,823  $ 

1,823  $ 

492  $ 

865  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

2,059  $ 

1,052  $ 

1,052  $ 

930  $ 
(109)  $ 
(109)  $ 

 63

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

6. Equity in Investments (continued)

The Company’s investment and equity in earnings (losses) of the equity method investees are as follows (in thousands):

Investment balance October 31, 2019

$ 

1,950  $ 

512  $ 

1,745  $ 

54,016  $ 

—  $ 

58,223 

Del Mar

Romney

Rosales

LLCB

LLCB II

Total

Equity earnings (losses)

Investment contributions

Foreign currency adjustments

Investment balance October 31, 2020

Equity earnings (losses)

Cash distributions

Foreign currency adjustments

Investment balance October 31, 2021

Equity earnings (losses)

Cash distributions

Investment contributions

Foreign currency adjustments

(30)   

(1)   

— 

— 

1,920 

296 

(219)   

— 

1,997 

510 

(483)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

511 

(3)   

— 

— 

508 

44 

— 

(148)   

1,641 

(164)   

(106)   

(20)   

1,351 

(1)   

(106)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(98)   

326 

2,800 

— 

57,142 

3,074 

— 

— 

60,216 

938 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

8,023 

— 

339 

2,800 

(148) 

61,214 

3,203 

(325) 

(20) 

64,072 

1,341 

(483) 

8,023 

(98) 

Investment balance October 31, 2022

$ 

2,024  $ 

507  $ 

1,147  $ 

61,154  $ 

8,023  $ 

72,855 

7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

A summary of the change in the carrying amount of goodwill is as follows (in thousands): 

Balance at October 31, 2020

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Balance at October 31, 2021

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Balance at October 31, 2022

Goodwill 
Carrying 
Amount

$ 

$ 

1,535 

(8) 

1,527 

(21) 

1,506 

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis or when an event or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying 
value  may  not  be  recoverable.  The  Company  concluded  that  no  potential  impairment  indicators  existed  during  any  interim 
period  and  performed  its  annual  assessment  of  goodwill  impairment  as  of  July  31,  2022  with  no  impairment  noted.  The 
Company did not incur any goodwill impairment losses in fiscal years 2022, 2021 or 2020, as the estimated fair values of its 
reporting units were in excess of their carrying values. 

As of October 31, 2022, the Company has allocated goodwill to its reportable segments as follows: Fresh Lemons $936,000 and 
Lemon Packing $570,000.

During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021, the Company acquired additional water rights in Chile for $186,000.

 64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (continued)

Intangible assets consisted of the following as of October 31 (in thousands):

2022

2021

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net 
Carrying 
Amount

Weighted 
Average 
Useful 
Life in 
Years

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net 
Carrying 
Amount

Weighted 
Average 
Useful 
Life in 
Years

Intangible assets:

Trade names and trademarks

$  2,108  $ 

(881)  $  1,227 

Customer relationships

  4,037 

(1,660)    2,377 

Non-competition agreement

437 

(76)   

361 

8

9

8

$  2,108  $ 

(663)  $  1,445 

  4,037 

(1,209)    2,828 

437 

(22)   

415 

8

9

8

Acquired water and mineral rights

  3,352 

— 

  3,352 

Indefinite

$  3,641  $ 

—  $  3,641 

Indefinite

Intangible assets

$  9,934  $ 

(2,617)  $  7,317 

$ 10,223  $ 

(1,894)  $  8,329 

Amortization  expense  totaled  $723,000,  $929,000,  and  $999,000  for  the  years  ended  October  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.

Estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets for each of the next five fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (in 
thousands):

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter

$ 

$ 

724 
716 
711 
711 
427 
676 
3,965 

8. Other Assets

Investments in Mutual Water Companies

The Company’s investments in various not-for-profit mutual water companies provide the Company with the right to receive a 
proportionate  share  of  water  from  each  of  the  not-for-profit  mutual  water  companies  that  have  been  invested  in  and  do  not 
constitute  voting  shares  and/or  rights.  Amounts  included  in  other  assets  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  of  October  31, 
2022 and 2021 were $6,500,000 and $5,994,000, respectively.

9. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following at October 31 (in thousands):

Compensation
Property taxes
Operating expenses
Leases
Other

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

3,572  $ 
664 
2,341 
2,026 
2,676 
11,279  $ 

2,112 
676 
1,203 
604 
1,947 
6,542 

 65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

10. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is comprised of the following at October 31 (in thousands):

Farm Credit West revolving and non-revolving lines of credit: The interest rate of the revolving 
line of credit is variable based on the one-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), 
which was 3.12% at October 31, 2022, plus 1.85%. The interest rate for the $40.0 million 
outstanding balance of the non-revolving line of credit was fixed at 4.77% through July 1, 2022, 
is 3.57% through July 1, 2025 and variable thereafter. Interest is payable monthly and the 
principal is due in full on July 1, 2026.
Farm Credit West term loan: The loan was repaid in September 2022.
Farm Credit West term loan: The interest rate is fixed at 3.24%. The loan is payable in monthly 
installments through October 2035.
Farm Credit West term loan: The interest rate is fixed at 3.24%. The loan is payable in monthly 
installments through March 2036.
Farm  Credit  West  term  loan:  The  interest  rate  is  fixed  at  2.77%  until  July  1,  2025,  becoming 
variable  for  the  remainder  of  the  loan.  The  loan  is  payable  in  monthly  installments  through 
March 2036.
Farm Credit West term loan: The interest rate is fixed at 3.19%. The loan is payable in monthly 
installments through September 2026.
Banco  de  Chile  term  loan:  The  interest  rate  is  fixed  at  6.48%.  The  loan  is  payable  in  annual 
installments through January 2025.
Note Payable: The Note Payable was repaid in October 2022.
Banco de Chile COVID-19 loans: The interest rates are fixed at 3.48%. The loans are payable in 
monthly installments through September 2024.
Banco de Chile COVID-19 loans: The interest rates are fixed at 3.48% and 4.26%. The loans are 
payable in monthly installments through September 2026.
Subtotal
Less deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization
Total long-term debt, net
Less current portion
Long-term debt, less current portion

2022

2021

$ 

88,521  $ 
— 

111,293 
809 

919 

974 

7,562 

8,004 

5,555 

2,003 

675 
— 

233 

5,892 

2,475 

1,011 
1,435 

411 

434 
105,902 
94 
105,808 
1,732 
104,076  $ 

652 
132,956 
131 
132,825 
2,472 
130,353 

$ 

The Company entered into a Master Loan Agreement (the “MLA”) with Farm Credit West, PCA (the "Lender") dated June 1, 
2021, together with a revolving credit facility supplement (the “Revolving Credit Supplement”), a non-revolving credit facility 
supplement (the “Non-Revolving Credit Supplement,” and together with the Revolving Credit Supplement, the “Supplements”) 
and an agreement to convert to a fixed interest rate for a period of time as described in the table above ("Fixed Interest Rate 
Agreement").  The  MLA  governs  the  terms  of  the  Supplements.  The  MLA  amends  and  restates  the  previous  Master  Loan 
Agreement between the Company and the Lender and extends the principal repayment to July 1, 2026.

In March 2020, the Company entered into a revolving equity line of credit promissory note and loan agreement with the Lender 
for  a  $15,000,000  Revolving  Equity  Line  of  Credit  (the  "RELOC")  secured  by  a  first  lien  on  the  Windfall  Investors,  LLC 
property.  The  RELOC  matures  in  2043  and  features  a  3-year  draw  period  followed  by  20  years  of  fully  amortized  loan 
payments. 

The  Supplements  and  RELOC  provide  aggregate  borrowing  capacity  of  $130,000,000  comprised  of  $75,000,000  under  the 
Revolving Credit Supplement, $40,000,000 under the Non-Revolving Credit Supplement and $15,000,000 under the RELOC. 
As  of  October  31,  2022,  the  Company's  outstanding  borrowings  under  the  revolving  and  non-revolving  lines  of  credit  were 
$88,521,000 and it had $41,479,000 available to borrow. 

The interest rate in effect under the Revolving Credit Supplement automatically adjusted commencing July 1, 2021 and on the 
first day of each month thereafter. The interest rate for any amount outstanding under the Revolving Credit Supplement is based 
on  the  one-month  LIBOR  rate  plus  or  minus  an  applicable  margin.  The  applicable  margin  ranges  from  1.75%  to  2.35% 
depending on the ratio of current assets, plus the remaining available commitment divided by current liabilities. On each one 
year  anniversary  of  July  1,  the  Company  has  the  option  to  convert  the  interest  rate  in  use  under  the  Revolving  Credit 
Supplement from the preceding LIBOR-based calculation to a variable interest rate. The Company may prepay any amounts 
outstanding under the Revolving Credit Supplement without penalty.

 66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

10. Long-Term Debt (continued)

The initial interest rate in effect under the Non-Revolving Credit Supplement was a fixed interest rate of 4.77% through July 1, 
2022 and then converted to a fixed interest rate of 3.57% per year until July 1, 2025 (the “Fixed Rate Term”). Thereafter, the 
interest rate will convert to a variable interest rate established by the Lender corresponding to the applicable interest rate group. 
The  Company  may  not  prepay  any  amounts  under  the  outstanding  Non-Revolving  Credit  Supplement  during  the  Fixed  Rate 
Term. Thereafter, the Company may prepay any amounts outstanding under the Non-Revolving Credit Supplement, provided 
that  a  fee  equal  to  0.50%  of  the  amount  prepaid  and  any  other  cost  or  loss  suffered  by  the  Lender  must  be  paid  with  any 
prepayment.

The interest rate in effect under the RELOC is a variable interest rate established by the Lender corresponding to the applicable 
interest  rate  group,  which  was  5.50%  as  of  October  31,  2022.  The  interest  rate  may  be  adjusted  automatically  under  the 
provisions of the Lender's variable interest rate plan. The Company may prepay any amounts outstanding under the RELOC 
without penalty.

All indebtedness under the MLA and RELOC, including any indebtedness under the Supplements, is secured by a first lien on 
Company-owned  stock  or  participation  certificates,  Company  funds  maintained  with  the  Lender,  the  Lender’s  unallocated 
surplus, and certain of the Company’s agricultural properties in Tulare and Ventura Counties in California and certain of the 
Company’s  building  fixtures  and  improvements  and  investments  in  mutual  water  companies  associated  with  the  pledged 
agricultural  properties.  The  MLA  includes  customary  default  provisions  that  provide  should  an  event  of  default  occur,  the 
Lender, at its option, may declare all or any portion of the indebtedness under the MLA to be immediately due and payable 
without demand, notice of nonpayment, protest or prior recourse to collateral, and terminate or suspend the Company’s right to 
draw or request funds on any loan or line of credit.

The MLA subjects the Company to affirmative and restrictive covenants including, among other customary covenants, financial 
reporting requirements, requirements to maintain and repair any collateral, restrictions on the sale of assets, restrictions on the 
use of proceeds, prohibitions on the incurrence of additional debt and restrictions on the purchase or sale of major assets of the 
Company’s  business.  The  Company  is  also  subject  to  a  financial  covenant  that  requires  it  to  maintain  compliance  with  a 
specific  debt  service  coverage  ratio  greater  than  or  equal  to  1.25:1.0  when  measured  at  October  31,  2022  and  annually 
thereafter. We were in compliance as of October 31, 2022. 

The Company received annual cash patronage dividends from the Lender of $1,582,000, $1,170,000 and $1,566,000 in fiscal 
years 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Interest is capitalized on non-bearing orchards, real estate development projects and significant construction in progress. The 
Company  capitalized  interest  of  $582,000,  $1,110,000  and  $921,000  during  the  fiscal  years  ended  2022,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.  Capitalized  interest  is  included  in  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  real  estate  development  assets  in  the 
Company’s consolidated balance sheets. 

The  Company  incurs  certain  loan  fees  and  costs  associated  with  its  new  or  amended  credit  arrangements.  Such  costs  are 
capitalized as deferred financing costs and amortized as interest expense using the straight-line method over the terms of the 
credit agreements. The balance of deferred financing costs was $94,000 and $131,000, net of amortization at October 31, 2022 
and 2021, respectively, and was included in long-term debt on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Principal payments on the Company’s long-term debt are due as follows (in thousands):

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter

$ 

$ 

1,732 
1,758 
90,523 
1,452 
961 
9,476 
105,902 

 67

 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

11. Other Long-Term Liabilities

Other long-term liabilities consist of the following at October 31 (in thousands):

Minimum pension liability
Loan guarantee
Leases
Other

12. Leases

Lessor Arrangements

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

2,272  $ 
1,080 
5,062 
1,393 
9,807  $ 

847 
1,080 
2,532 
42 
4,501 

The Company enters into leasing transactions in which it rents certain of its assets and the Company is the lessor. These lease 
contracts  are  typically  classified  as  operating  leases  with  remaining  terms  ranging  from  one  month  to  20  years,  with  various 
renewal terms available. All of the residential rentals have month-to-month lease terms. 

The  following  table  presents  the  components  of  the  Company’s  operating  lease  portfolio  included  in  property,  plant  and 
equipment, net as of October 31 (in thousands):  

Land and land improvements
Buildings, equipment and building improvements
Orchards
Less: accumulated depreciation
Property, plant and equipment, net under operating leases

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

13,619  $ 
19,983 
8,410 
(7,912)   
34,100  $ 

3,516 
18,712 
— 
(6,331) 
15,897 

Depreciation expense for assets under operating leases was approximately $934,000 and $669,000 for the fiscal years 2022 and 
2021, respectively. 

The Company’s rental operations revenue consists of the following (in thousands):

Operating lease revenue
Variable lease revenue
Total lease revenue

Year ended October 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

4,998  $ 
326 
5,324  $ 

4,329 
317 
4,646 

The future minimum lease payments to be received by the Company related to these operating lease agreements as of October 
31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter
Total

Lessee Arrangements

$ 

$ 

1,278 
964 
964 
222 
74 
672 
4,174 

The Company enters into leasing transactions in which the Company is the lessee. These lease contracts are classified as either 
operating or finance leases. The Company’s lease contracts are generally for agricultural land and packinghouse facilities and 
equipment with remaining lease terms ranging from one to 15 years, with various term extensions available. The Company’s 
lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Leases with an initial term of 

 68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

12. Leases (continued)

Lessee Arrangements (continued)

12  months  or  less  are  not  recorded  on  the  balance  sheet  and  the  Company  recognizes  lease  expense  for  these  leases  on  a 
straight-line basis over the lease term. 

Operating lease costs were $537,000 and $606,000 and variable lease costs were $242,000 and $288,000, for the fiscal years 
2022 and 2021, respectively, which are primarily included in agribusiness costs and expenses in the Company’s consolidated 
statements  of  operations.  Finance  lease  costs  and  short  term  lease  costs  were  $154,000  and  $212,000  for  fiscal  year  2022, 
respectively, and were immaterial for fiscal year 2021.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases consists of the following as of October 31 (in thousands):

Assets

Operating lease ROU assets

Finance lease assets

Classification

Other assets

Other assets

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

6,190 

1,091 

7,281 

$ 

$ 

2,041 

1,142 

3,183 

Liabilities
Current operating lease liabilities

Accrued liabilities and payables to related parties $ 

1,892 

$ 

Current finance lease liabilities

Accrued liabilities

Non-current operating lease liabilities

Other long-term liabilities

Non-current finance lease liabilities

Other long-term liabilities

268 

4,347 

715 

488 

249 

1,648 

884 

Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):

Operating leases

Finance leases

Weighted-average discount rate:

Operating leases

Finance leases

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases consists of the following (in thousands):

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash outflows from operating leases

Operating cash outflows from finance leases

Financing cash outflows from finance leases

ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities

$ 

7,222 

$ 

3,269 

5.1

3.9

 6.1 %

 3.5 %

10.9

4.9

 3.7 %

 3.3 %

Year ended October 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

577  $ 

35  $ 

219  $ 

4,612  $ 

68  $ 

603 

3 

18 

271 

1,151 

 69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

12. Leases (continued)

Lessee Arrangements (continued)

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases for each of the subsequent five fiscal years and thereafter are as 
follows  (in  thousands),  which  excludes  $470,000  of  operating  lease  payments  for  leases  that  have  been  signed  but  not 
commenced:

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less: Imputed interest

Present value of lease liabilities

Operating

Finance

Total

$ 

1,891  $ 

268  $ 

1,918 

1,914 

218 

134 

1,046 

7,121 

(882)   

$ 

6,239  $ 

268 

268 

246 

— 

— 

1,050 

(67)   

983  $ 

2,159 

2,186 

2,182 

464 

134 

1,046 

8,171 

(949) 

7,222 

In  addition  to  operating  and  finance  lease  commitments,  the  Company  also  has  financing  transactions  and  a  contract  for 
pollination  services,  which  do  not  meet  the  definition  of  a  lease,  with  minimum  future  payments  of  $275,000  in  fiscal  year 
2023, $224,000 in fiscal years 2024, 2025 and 2026 and $37,000 in fiscal year 2027. 

13. Earnings Per Share

Basic net loss per common share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the 
period  without  consideration  of  the  dilutive  effect  of  conversion  of  preferred  stock.  Diluted  net  loss  per  common  share  is 
calculated  using  the  weighted-average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the  period  plus  the  dilutive  effect  of 
conversion of unvested, restricted stock and preferred stock. The Series B and Series B-2 convertible preferred shares were anti-
dilutive for fiscal years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. The computations for basic and diluted net loss per common 
share are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Basic net loss per common share:

Net loss applicable to common stock

Effect of unvested, restricted stock

Numerator: Net loss for basic EPS

Denominator: Weighted average common shares-basic

Year ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

(737)  $ 

(3,942)  $ 

(16,936) 

(50)   

(787)   

(35)   

(44) 

(3,977)   

(16,980) 

17,513 

17,555 

17,666 

Basic net loss per common share

$ 

(0.04)  $ 

(0.23)  $ 

(0.96) 

Diluted net loss per common share:

Numerator: Net loss for diluted EPS

Weighted average common shares-basic

Effect of dilutive unvested, restricted stock and preferred stock

Denominator: Weighted average common shares-diluted

$ 

(787)  $ 

(3,977)  $ 

(16,980) 

17,513 

— 

17,513 

17,555 

— 

17,555 

17,666 

— 

17,666 

Diluted net loss per common share

$ 

(0.04)  $ 

(0.23)  $ 

(0.96) 

 70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

13. Earnings Per Share (continued)

Diluted net loss per common share is calculated using the more dilutive method of either the two-class method or the treasury 
stock  method.  Unvested  stock-based  compensation  awards  that  contain  non-forfeitable  rights  to  dividends  as  participating 
shares are included in computing earnings per share. The Company’s unvested, restricted stock awards qualify as participating 
shares.  Diluted  net  loss  per  common  share  was  calculated  under  the  two-class  method  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  October  31, 
2022. The Company excluded 117,000 and 164,000, unvested, restricted shares, as calculated under the treasury stock method, 
from its computation of diluted net losses per share for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

14. Related-Party Transactions

The Company has transactions with equity method investments and various related-parties summarized in Note 5 - Real Estate 
Development, Note 6 - Equity in Investments and in the tables below (in thousands):

Ref

Related-Party

2  Mutual water companies

5  Cadiz / Fenner / WAM

8  FGF

9  LLCB 

Ref

Related-Party

1  Employees

2  Mutual water companies

3  Cooperative association

4  Calavo

5  Cadiz / Fenner / WAM

6  Colorado River Growers

7  YMIDD

8  FGF

  10  Freska

  11  Third-party growers

  12  Principal owner

Ref

Related-Party

1  Employees

2  Mutual water companies

3  Cooperative association

4  Calavo

5  Cadiz / Fenner / WAM

6  Colorado River Growers

7  YMIDD

8  FGF

October 31, 2022

Balance Sheet

October 31, 2021

Balance Sheet

Receivables
/Other from 
Related 
Parties

Other 
Assets

Payables to 
Related 
Parties

Other 
Long-Term 
Liabilities

Receivables
/Other from 
Related 
Parties

Other 
Assets

Payables to 
Related 
Parties

Other 
Long-Term 
Liabilities

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

506  $ 

133  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

432  $ 

40  $ 

— 

—  $ 

1,288  $ 

446  $ 

1,198  $ 

—  $ 

1,386  $ 

273  $ 

1,297 

2,965  $ 

2,652  $ 

837  $ 

—  $ 

4,598  $ 

980  $ 

832  $ 

66  $ 

—  $ 

3,444  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

5,771  $ 

— 

— 

Year Ended October 31, 2022

Year Ended October 31, 2021

Consolidated Statement of Operations

Consolidated Statement of Operations

Net Revenue 
Agribusiness

Net 
Revenue 
Rental 
Operations

Agribusiness 
Expense and 
Other

Dividends 
Paid

Net Revenue 
Agribusiness

Net 
Revenue 
Rental 
Operations

Agribusiness 
Expense and 
Other

Dividends 
Paid

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

225  $ 

673  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

80  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

869  $ 

—  $  —  $ 

1,454  $  —  $ 

1,834  $  —  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

814  $ 

—  $  — 

—  $ 

—  $ 

1,160  $  — 

1,750  $  — 

2  $ 

126  $ 

6,594  $ 

320  $ 

721  $ 

503 

1,467  $  —  $ 

—  $  —  $ 

142  $  —  $ 

—  $ 

157  $ 

—  $ 

343  $ 

25  $  —  $ 

4,129  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $  —  $ 

128  $ 

—  $  —  $ 

—  $ 

593  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

338  $  — 

2,772  $  — 

123  $  — 

2,884  $  — 

150  $  — 

147  $  — 

—  $  — 

Year Ended October 31, 2020

Consolidated Statement of Operations

Net Revenue 
Agribusiness

Net Revenue 
Rental 
Operations

Agribusiness 
Expense and 
Other

Other 
Income, 
Net

Dividends 
Paid

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

785  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

894  $ 

1,849  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

— 

— 

— 

8,806  $ 

330  $ 

1,223  $ 

220  $ 

503 

—  $ 

603  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

240  $ 

6,613  $ 

139  $ 

10,338  $ 

—  $ 

13,478  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14. Related-Party Transactions (continued)

(1)  Employees  -  The  Company  rents  certain  of  its  residential  housing  assets  to  employees  on  a  month-to-month  basis  and 
recorded rental income from employees. There were no material rental payments due from employees at October 31, 2022 and 
2021.

(2)  Mutual  water  companies  -  The  Company  has  representation  on  the  boards  of  directors  of  the  mutual  water  companies  in 
which the Company has investments, as well as other water districts. Refer to Note 8 - Other Assets. The Company recorded 
capital contributions, purchased water and water delivery services and had water payments due to the mutual water companies. 

(3) Cooperative association - The Company has representation on the board of directors of a non-profit cooperative association 
that provides pest control services for the agricultural industry. The Company purchased services and supplies from and had no 
payments due to the cooperative association.

(4)  Calavo  -  Through  January  2022,  the  Company  had  representation  on  the  board  of  directors  of  Calavo.  Calavo  owned 
common stock of the Company and the Company paid dividends on such common stock to Calavo. Additionally, the Company 
leases office space to Calavo. As of February 2022, Calavo is no longer a related party. 

(5) Cadiz / Fenner / WAM - A member of the Company’s board of directors serves as the CEO, President and a member of the 
board  of  directors  of  Cadiz,  Inc.  In  2013,  the  Company  entered  a  long-term  lease  agreement  (the  “Lease”)  with  Cadiz  Real 
Estate,  LLC  (“Cadiz”),  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  Cadiz,  Inc.,  and  currently  leases  670  acres  located  in  eastern  San 
Bernardino County, California. The annual base rental is equal to the sum of $200 per planted acre and 20% of gross revenues 
from the sale of harvested lemons (less operating expenses), not to exceed $1,200 per acre per year. In 2016, Cadiz assigned 
this lease to Fenner Valley Farms, LLC (“Fenner”), a subsidiary of Water Asset Management, LLC (“WAM”). An affiliate of 
WAM is the holder of 9,300 shares of Limoneira Company Series B-2 convertible preferred stock. Upon the adoption of ASC 
842, the Company recorded a right-of-use, or ROU, asset and corresponding lease liability.

(6) Colorado River Growers, Inc. (“CRG”) - The Company had representation on the board of directors of CRG, a non-profit 
cooperative association of fruit growers engaged in the agricultural harvesting business in Yuma County, Arizona. CRG was 
dissolved in August 2021. The Company paid harvest expense to CRG and provided harvest management and administrative 
services to CRG.

(7)  Yuma  Mesa  Irrigation  and  Drainage  District  (“YMIDD”)  -  The  Company  has  representation  on  the  board  of  directors  of 
YMIDD. The Company purchased water from YMIDD and had no amounts payable to them for such purchases. Additionally, 
the Compnay received fallowing revenue from YMIDD.

(8) FGF - In June 2021, the Company entered into an agreement, effective March 1, 2021, to sell and license certain assets of 
Trapani Fresh to FGF. These assets consist of packing supplies and certain intangible assets related to the packing, marketing, 
and selling business of Trapani Fresh. The total consideration to be received is approximately $3,900,000 over an 8-year term in 
16  equal  installments.  Payments  to  be  received  are  secured  by  FGF’s  interest  in  land  parcels  at  the  Santa  Clara  ranch  and 
consist of a $1,200,000 note receivable and $2,700,000 of royalty payments. There was no material gain or loss recognized on 
the transaction. In August 2021, the Company entered into several additional agreements whereby the additional 25% interest in 
Santa Clara was transferred into the trust resulting in the trust now holding a 100% interest in Santa Clara. Trapani Fresh owns 
and operated the 1,200-acre Santa Clara ranch and sold the lemons it grew to FGF, who packed, marketed, and sold the fruit to 
its  export  customers.  As  a  result  of  this  transaction,  Trapani  Fresh  recognized  lemon  revenues  at  the  market  price  less 
packinghouse charges to harvest, pack and market the fruit. Effective November 1, 2021, the Company leases Finca Santa Clara 
to FGF and records rental revenue related to the leased land. 

The Company advances funds to FGF for fruit purchases, which are recorded as an asset until the sales occur and the remaining 
proceeds become due to FGF. Additionally, FGF provided farming, packing, by-product processing and administrative services 
to Trapani Fresh. The Company had a receivable from FGF for lemon sales and the sale of packing supplies and a payable due 
to FGF for fruit purchases and services. The Company records revenue related to the licensing of intangible assets to FGF.

(9) LLCB - Refer to Note 5 - Real Estate Development. 

(10) Freska - A former member of the Company's board of directors is a majority shareholder of Freska Produce International, 
LLC  ("Freska").  The  Company  had  avocado  sales  to  Freska  and  corresponding  receivables  for  such  sales.  The  former  board 
member resigned effective June 14, 2022 and Freska is no longer a related-party.

(11) Third-party growers - A former member of the Company's board of directors marketed lemons through the Company. The 
former board member resigned effective June 14, 2022 and is no longer a related-party.

 72

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

14. Related-Party Transactions (continued)

(12) Principal owner - The Company has one principal owner with ownership shares over 10% and paid dividends to such owner.

15. Income Taxes

A reconciliation of income (loss) before income taxes for domestic and foreign locations for the years ended October 31, 2022, 
2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

United States
Foreign
Income (loss) before income taxes

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

1,911  $ 
(1,562)   
349  $ 

(1,459)  $ 
(2,704)   
(4,163)  $ 

(23,195) 
(3,240) 
(26,435) 

The components of the provisions for income taxes for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

Current:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total current (provision) benefit

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred (provision) benefit 
Total income tax (provision) benefit 

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

(178)  $ 
(93)   
(4)   
(275)   

(477)   
(127)   
56 
(548)   
(823)  $ 

37  $ 
40 
— 
77 

(17)   
127 
79 
189 
266  $ 

5,835 
332 
194 
6,361 

640 
1,177 
316 
2,133 
8,494 

 73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

15. Income Taxes (continued)

Deferred  income  taxes  reflect  the  net  of  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  for 
financial reporting and income tax purposes. The components of deferred income tax assets at October 31, 2022 and 2021 are as 
follows (in thousands):

Deferred income tax assets:
Reserve and other accruals
Net operating losses
Right-of-use asset
Minimum pension liability adjustment
Other assets
Interest expense limitation
Stock-based compensation
Total deferred income tax assets
Valuation allowance
Total net deferred income tax assets

Deferred income tax liabilities:

Property taxes
Depreciation
Amortization
Land and other indefinite life assets
Investment in joint ventures and other basis adjustments
Right-of-use asset
Prepaids and receivables
Other

Total deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liabilities

Deferred income taxes — noncurrent assets

Deferred income taxes — noncurrent liabilities 

2022

2021

$ 

752  $ 

5,917 
1,672 
621 
151 
— 
604 
9,717 
(1,536)   
8,181 

(135)   
(18,343)   
(175)   
(6,592)   
(4,449)   
(1,660)   
(298)   
(26)   
(31,678)   

646 
6,312 
531 
231 
240 
2 
493 
8,455 
(1,324) 
7,131 

(161) 
(18,665) 
(242) 
(6,581) 
(3,510) 
(510) 
(260) 
(55) 
(29,984) 

$ 

(23,497)  $ 

(22,853) 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

— 

(23,497)  $ 

(22,853) 

The Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of the deferred tax assets. The Company recognized deferred tax assets 
to  the  extent  that  it  believes  that  these  assets  are  more  likely  than  not  to  be  realized.  In  making  such  a  determination,  the 
Company  considers  all  available  positive  and  negative  evidence,  including  future  reversals  of  existing  taxable  temporary 
differences,  projected  future  taxable  income,  tax-planning  strategies,  and  results  of  recent  operations.  The  Company  has 
recorded  a  valuation  allowance  of  $1,536,000  on  the  net  deferred  tax  assets  of  its  subsidiaries  in  Argentina  and  Chile  as  of 
October 31, 2022 as the Company does not believe it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realized due to 
the recent history of cumulative pre-tax book losses and lack of objectively verifiable future source of taxable income. 

 74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

15. Income Taxes (continued)

At October 31, 2022, the Company has recorded a deferred tax asset of $5,917,000 related to its federal, state, and foreign net 
operating  loss  carryforwards.  The  entire  federal  net  operating  loss  is  subject  to  the  80%  taxable  income  limitation.  The  net 
operating losses begin to expire as follows (in thousands): 

Jurisdiction

Federal

State

Chile

Holland

Argentina

Gross Amount

Begin to Expire

14,959 

23,027 

2,874 

108 

1,670 

Indefinite

10/31/2039

Indefinite

10/31/2025

10/31/2025

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying U.S. statutory federal income tax 
rate to pretax income as a result of the following differences (in thousands):

2022

2021

2020

Provision at statutory rates
State income tax, net of federal benefit
Dividend exclusion
Meals and entertainment
Shared-based compensation
Executive compensation
Tax law change
State rate adjustment
Valuation allowance
Foreign rate differential
Noncontrolling interest
Other permanent items
Tax credit and others
Total income tax (provision) benefit 

Amount
$ 

Amount

Amount

%
 (21.0) % $ 
 (21.1) %  
 — %  
 — %  
 (31.2) %  
 (27.9) %  
 — %  
 (16.9) %  
 (101.8) %  
 21.1 %  
 (11.8) %  
 (3.5) %  
 (20.7) %  
 (234.8) % $ 

(73) 
(74) 
— 
— 
(110) 
(98) 
— 
(59) 
(357) 
74 
(41) 
(12) 
(73) 
(823) 

874 
224 
— 
— 
(217) 
(45) 
57 
(78) 
(831) 
130 
(83) 
235 
— 
266 

%
 (21.0) % $ 
 (5.4) %  
 — %  
 — %  
 5.2 %  
 1.1 %  
 (1.4) %  
 1.9 %  
 20.0 %  
 (3.1) %  
 2.0 %  
 (5.7) %  
 — %  
 (6.4) % $ 

5,551 
1,431 
27 
(18) 
— 
— 
1,948 
(82) 
(168) 
— 
(305) 
110 
— 
8,494 

%
 (21.0) %
 (5.4) %
 (0.1) %
 0.1 %
 — %
 — %
 (7.4) %
 0.3 %
 0.6 %
 — %
 1.1 %
 (0.4) %
 — %
 (32.2) %

$ 

At October 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits. The Company files income tax returns in the 
U.S.,  California,  Arizona,  Chile,  Argentina  and  Holland.  The  Company  is  no  longer  subject  to  significant  U.S.,  state  and 
Chilean income tax examinations for years prior to the statutory periods of three years for federal, four years for state and three 
years for Chilean tax jurisdictions. The Company recognizes interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a 
component  of  income  tax  expense.  There  was  no  accrued  interest  or  penalties  associated  with  uncertain  tax  positions  as  of 
October 31, 2022.

 75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

16. Retirement Plans

The  Limoneira  Company  Retirement  Plan  (the  “Plan”)  is  a  noncontributory,  defined  benefit,  single  employer  pension  plan, 
which provides retirement benefits for all eligible employees. Benefits paid by the Plan are calculated based on years of service, 
highest five-year average earnings, primary Social Security benefit and retirement age. Effective June 2004, the Company froze 
the Plan and no additional benefits accrued to participants subsequent to that date. The Plan is administered by Principal Bank 
and Mercer Human Resource Consulting. In fiscal year 2021, the Company terminated the Plan effective December 31, 2021. 
The  liabilities  disclosed  as  of  October  31,  2022  and  2021,  reflect  an  estimate  of  the  additional  cost  to  pay  lump  sums  to  a 
portion of the active and vested terminated participants and purchase annuities for all remaining participants from an insurance 
company. 

The  Plan  was  funded  consistent  with  the  funding  requirements  of  federal  law  and  regulations.  There  were  no  funding 
contributions during fiscal years 2022 or 2021. Plan assets are invested in a group trust consisting primarily of cash.

The  investment  policy  and  strategy  has  been  established  to  provide  a  total  investment  return  that  will,  over  time,  maintain 
purchasing  power  parity  for  the  Plan’s  variable  benefits  and  keep  the  Plan  funding  at  a  reasonable  level.  The  target  asset 
allocation is 100% cash.

The following tables set forth the Plan’s net periodic cost, changes in benefit obligation and Plan assets, funded status, amounts 
recognized  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheets,  additional  year-end  information  and  assumptions  used  in 
determining the benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost.

The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Plan for fiscal years 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Administrative expenses
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Prior service cost
Amortization of net loss
Settlement loss recognized
Net periodic benefit cost

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

718  $ 
520 
(511)   
45 
398 
607  $ 
1,777  $ 

277 
550 
(867) 
45 
737 
— 
742 

 76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

16. Retirement Plans (continued)

Following is a summary of the Plan’s funded status as of October 31 (in thousands):

Change in benefit obligation:

Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Administrative expenses
Plan settlements
Interest cost
Benefits paid
Expenses paid
Actuarial gain
Benefit obligation at end of year

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Plan settlements
Benefits paid
Expenses paid
Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Reconciliation of funded status:

Fair value of plan assets
Benefit obligations
Net plan obligations

Amounts recognized in statements of financial position:

Noncurrent liabilities
Net obligation recognized in statements of financial position

Reconciliation of amounts recognized in statements of financial position:

Prior service cost
Net loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Accumulated contributions in excess of net periodic benefit cost
Net deficit recognized in statements of financial position

2022

2021

21,417  $ 
718 
(3,604)   
520 
(1,327)   
(643)   
(2,474)   
14,607  $ 

20,570  $ 
(2,661)   
(3,604)   
(1,327)   
(643)   
12,335  $ 

12,335  $ 
14,607 
(2,272)  $ 

22,898 
277 
— 
550 
(1,210) 
(240) 
(858) 
21,417 

19,352 
2,668 
— 
(1,210) 
(240) 
20,570 

20,570 
21,417 
(847) 

(2,272)  $ 
(2,272)  $ 

(847) 
(847) 

(54)  $ 
(2,459)   
(2,513)   
241 
(2,272)  $ 

(99) 
(2,766) 
(2,865) 
2,018 
(847) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

Presented  below  are  changes  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income,  before  tax,  in  the  Plan  as  of  October  31,  (in 
thousands):

Changes recognized in other comprehensive income:
Net loss (gain) arising during the year
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of net loss
Total recognized in other comprehensive income

Total recognized in net periodic benefit and other comprehensive loss (income)

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

697  $ 
(45)   
(1,005)   
(353)  $ 

(2,658) 
(45) 
(737) 
(3,440) 

1,424  $ 

(2,699) 

 77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

16. Retirement Plans (continued)

The following assumptions, as of October 31, were used in determining benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost ($ in 
thousands):

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:

Discount rate

Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost:

Discount rate

Expected return on plan assets

Additional year-end information:

Projected benefit obligation

Accumulated benefit obligation

Fair value of plan assets

2022

2021

NA

 2.58 %

 2.58 %

 2.98 %

 2.50 %

 5.05 %

$  14,607 

$  21,417 

$  14,607 

$  21,417 

$  12,335 

$  20,570 

Employer contributions of $2,500,000 and benefit payments of $14,607,000 are expected to be paid in fiscal year 2023.

The following table sets forth the Plan’s assets as of October 31, 2022, segregated by level using the hierarchy established by 
FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents
Accrued income

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$ 

$ 

12,302  $ 
— 
12,302  $ 

—  $ 
33 
33  $ 

—  $ 
— 
—  $ 

12,302 
33 
12,335 

The Company has a 401(k) plan in which an employee can participate after one year of employment. Employees may elect to 
defer  up  to  100%  of  their  annual  earnings  subject  to  Internal  Revenue  Code  limits.  The  Company  makes  a  matching 
contribution on these deferrals up to 4% of the employee’s annual earnings. Participants vest in any matching contribution at a 
rate  of  20%  per  year  beginning  after  one  year  of  employment.  During  fiscal  years  2022,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company 
contributed to the plan and recognized expenses of $445,000, $546,000 and $1,107,000, respectively.

17. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation and Legal Proceedings

The  Company  is  from  time  to  time  involved  in  various  lawsuits  and  legal  proceedings  that  arise  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business. At this time, the Company is not aware of any pending or threatened litigation against it that it expects will have a 
material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, liquidity, or operating results. Legal claims are inherently uncertain, 
however,  and  it  is  possible  that  the  Company’s  business,  financial  condition,  liquidity  and/or  operating  results  could  be 
adversely affected in the future by legal proceedings.

The Company is party to a lawsuit, initiated on March 27, 2018, against Southern California Edison in Superior Court of the 
State of California, County of Los Angeles whereby the Company is claiming unspecified damages, attorneys' fees and other 
costs,  as  a  result  from  the  Thomas  Fire  in  fiscal  year  2018.  While  the  outcome  of  this  lawsuit  is  uncertain,  the  Company 
believes its claim for damages is valid. 

18. Series B and Series B-2 Preferred Stock

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

In 1997, in connection with the acquisition of Ronald Michaelis Ranches, Inc., the Company issued 30,000 shares of Series B 
Convertible Preferred Stock at $100.00 par value (the “Series B Stock”). 

Dividends: The holders of shares of Series B Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of 8.75% 
of par value. Such dividends are payable quarterly on the first day of January, April, July and October in each year. 

 78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

18. Series B and Series B-2 Preferred Stock (continued)

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (continued)

Voting Rights: Each holder of Series B Stock is entitled to ten votes on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the 
Company. 

Redemption: The Company, at the option of the Board of Directors, may redeem the Series B Stock, as a whole or in part, at 
any time or from time to time on or after August 1, 2017 and before July 31, 2027, at a redemption price equal to the par value 
thereof, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon to the date fixed for redemption. Redemption by the Company of a portion 
of the Series B Stock totaling 14,790 shares is subject to certain conditions agreed upon between the Company and the holders 
of this portion of the Series B Stock.

Conversion: The holders of Series B Stock have the right, at their option, to convert such shares into shares of Common Stock 
of the Company at any time prior to redemption. The conversion price is $8.00 per share of Common Stock. Pursuant to the 
terms of the Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Series B Stock, the conversion price shall be adjusted to 
reflect any dividends paid in Common Stock of the Company, the subdivision of the Common Stock of the Company into a 
greater number of shares of Common Stock of the Company or upon the advice of legal counsel.

Put:  The  holders  of  Series  B  Stock  may  at  any  time  after  July  1,  2017  and  before  June  30,  2027  cause  the  Company  to 
repurchase such shares at a repurchase price equal to the par value thereof, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon to the 
date  fixed  for  repurchase.  The  put  features  of  a  portion  of  the  Series  B  Stock  totaling  14,790  shares  are  subject  to  certain 
conditions agreed upon between the Company and the holders of this portion of the Series B Stock.

Because the Series B Stock may be redeemed by holders of the shares at their discretion beginning July 1, 2017, the redemption 
is outside the control of the Company and accordingly, the Series B Stock has been classified as temporary equity.

Series B-2 Convertible Preferred Stock

During  March  and  April  of  2014,  pursuant  to  a  Series  B-2  Stock  Purchase  Agreement  dated  March  21,  2014,  the  Company 
issued an aggregate of 9,300 shares of Series B-2, 4% voting preferred stock with a par value of $100.00 per share (“Series B-2 
Preferred Stock”) to WPI-ACP Holdings, LLC (“WPI”), an entity affiliated with WAM for total proceeds of $9,300,000. The 
transactions  were  exempt  from  the  registration  requirements  of  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as  amended.  The  Series  B-2 
Preferred Stock has the following rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions:

Conversion:  Each  share  of  Series  B-2  Preferred  Stock  is  convertible  into  common  stock  at  a  conversion  price  equal  to  the 
greater of (a) the then-market price of the Company’s common stock based upon the closing price of the Company’s common 
stock on The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC or on such other principal market on which the Company’s common stock may be 
trading or (b) $15.00 per share of common stock. Shares of Series B-2 Preferred Stock may be converted into common stock (i) 
at any time prior to the redemption thereof, or (ii) in the event the Option Agreement (as defined below) is terminated without 
all of the shares of Series B-2 Preferred Stock having been redeemed, within 30 calendar days following such termination.

Dividends: The holder of shares of the Series B-2 Preferred Stock is entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at an annual 
rate of 4% of the liquidation value of $1,000 per share. Such dividends are payable quarterly on the first day of January, April, 
July and October in each year.

Liquidation  Rights:  In  the  event  of  any  voluntary  or  involuntary  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up  of  the  Company,  the 
holder of shares of the Series B-2 Preferred Stock is entitled to be paid out of the assets available for distribution, before any 
payment is made to the holders of the Company’s common stock or any other series or class of the Company’s shares ranking 
junior to the Series B-2 Preferred Stock, an amount equal to the liquidation value of $1,000 per share, plus an amount equal to 
all accrued and unpaid dividends.

Voting  Rights:  Each  share  of  Series  B-2  Preferred  Stock  is  entitled  to  one  vote  on  all  matters  submitted  to  a  vote  of  the 
Company’s stockholders.

Redemption: The Company may redeem shares of Series B-2 Preferred Stock only (i) from WPI or its designee and (ii) upon, 
and to the extent of, an election to exercise the option pursuant to the Option Agreement, described below, at a redemption price 
equal to the liquidation value of $1,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends.

Because the Series B-2 Preferred Stock may be redeemed by WPI at its discretion with the exercise of the Option Agreement, 
the redemption is outside the control of the Company and accordingly, the Series B-2 Preferred Stock has been classified as 
temporary equity.

 79

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

18. Series B and Series B-2 Preferred Stock (continued)

Series B-2 Convertible Preferred Stock (continued)

In  connection  with  the  sale  of  the  Series  B-2  Preferred  Stock,  Associated  Citrus  Packers,  Inc.  (“Associated”)  and  another 
affiliate of WAM (“WPI-ACP”), entered into a series of agreements related to the future ownership and disposition of farmland 
with associated Colorado River water rights and other real estate that is held by Associated in Yuma, Arizona. The agreements 
allow the parties to explore strategies that will make the highest and best use of those assets, including but not limited to the 
sale or lease of assets or the expansion of a fallowing and water savings program in which a portion of Associated’s property is 
currently enrolled.

The  net  proceeds  of  any  monetization  event  would  be  shared  equally  by  the  parties.  The  agreements  entered  into  include  a 
Water Development Agreement and an Option Agreement. Pursuant to the Water Development Agreement, Associated granted 
WPI-ACP exclusive rights to develop water assets attributable to the real estate owned by Associated for the mutual benefit of 
Associated and WAM. Pursuant to the Option Agreement, Associated granted WPI-ACP an option to purchase an undivided 
interest of up to one-half of the real estate owned by Associated in Yuma County, Arizona (the “Property”) and the water rights 
associated therewith until January 1, 2026. The purchase price for the Property subject to the Option Agreement will be paid via 
the redemption by the Company of a proportionate percentage of the Series B-2 Preferred Stock. Unless and until a definitive 
agreement or definitive agreements with respect to Associated’s real estate and water rights is entered into that would cause the 
cessation of farming operations, Associated expects to continue farming the Property and recognize all results of operations and 
retain all proceeds from such operations.

19. Stockholders’ Equity

Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock

The  Company  has  20,000  shares  of  preferred  stock  authorized  as  Series  A  Junior  Participating  Preferred  Stock  at  $0.01  par 
value (the “Series A Stock”). No shares are issued or outstanding.

Stock-based compensation 

The Company has a stock-based compensation plan that allows for the grant of common stock of the Company to members of 
management,  key  executives  and  non-employee  directors.  The  fair  value  of  such  awards  is  based  on  the  fair  value  of  the 
Company's stock on the date of grant and all are classified as equity awards. In fiscal year 2022, the 2010 Stock Plan terminated 
and was replaced by the 2022 Stock Plan (both plans collectively the “Stock Plans”) with 500,000 authorized shares. The Stock 
Plan has 450,769 remaining shares available to be issued as of October 31, 2022.

Performance Awards

Certain  restricted  stock  grants  are  made  to  management  each  December  under  the  Stock  Plans  based  on  the  achievement  of 
certain annual financial performance and other criteria achieved during the previous fiscal year (“Performance Awards”). The 
performance grants are based on a percentage of the employee’s base salary divided by the stock price on the grant date once 
the performance criteria has been met, and generally vest over a two-year period as service is provided. During December 2022, 
79,972 shares of common stock with a per share price of $13.19 were granted to management under the Stock Plan for fiscal 
year 2022 performance, resulting in total compensation expense of approximately $1,055,000, with $365,000 recognized in the 
fiscal  year  ended  October  31,  2022  and  the  balance  to  be  recognized  over  the  next  two  years  as  the  shares  vest.  During 
December  2021  and  2020,  there  were  no  Performance  Awards  of  restricted  stock  granted  for  fiscal  year  2021  or  2020 
performance because the financial performance and other criteria were not met. 

Executive Awards

Certain restricted stock grants are made to key executives under the Stock Plan (“Executive Awards”). These grants generally 
vest  over  a  three  to  five-year  period  as  service  is  provided.  During  December  2022,  subsequent  to  fiscal  year  2022,  the 
Company granted 55,000 shares of common stock with a per share price of $13.19 to key executives under the Stock Plan. The 
related  compensation  expense  of  approximately  $725,000  will  be  recognized  equally  over  the  next  three  years  as  the  shares 
vest.

In fiscal year 2022, the Company entered into Retention Bonus Agreements with key executives (collectively, the “Retention 
Bonus  Agreements”)  whereby  the  executives  will  be  eligible  to  receive  cash  and  restricted  stock  grants.  During  December 
2022, subsequent to fiscal year 2022, the Company granted 11,317 shares of common stock with a per share price of $13.19 to 
key executives related to the Retention Bonus Agreements. The related compensation expense of approximately $149,000 had 

 80

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

19. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

Stock-based compensation (continued)

$122,000 recognized in the fiscal year ended October 31, 2022 and the balance will be recognized over the next year as the 
shares vest.  

Director Awards

The Company issues shares of common stock to non-employee directors under the Stock Plan on an annual basis that generally 
vest upon grant or over a one-year period (“Director Awards”).

Summary of Awards

A summary of the Performance, Executive, and Director awards granted under the Stock Plan during fiscal years 2022, 2021 
and 2020, and the weighted average grant price is as follows:

Year Ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

Number of 
Shares

Weighted-
Average Grant 
Price

Number of 
Shares

Weighted-
Average Grant 
Price

Number of 
Shares

Weighted-
Average Grant 
Price

Performance awards

Executive awards

Director awards

Total

—  $ 

70,000  $ 

49,231  $ 

119,231  $ 

— 

14.96 

13.55 

14.38 

—  $ 

95,000  $ 

30,663  $ 

125,663  $ 

— 

15.26 

16.85 

15.65 

—  $ 

95,000  $ 

17,841  $ 

112,841  $ 

— 

18.87 

20.05 

19.06 

The Company recognized $2,732,000, $2,582,000 and $2,044,000 of stock-based compensation in fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 
2020, respectively, of which substantially all of the expense has been included in selling, general and administrative expenses 
for all years presented. Forfeitures are accounted for in the period that the forfeiture occurs. The income tax benefit recognized 
in  the  income  statement  for  stock-based  compensation  arrangements  was  $604,000,  $476,000  and  $400,000  for  fiscal  years 
2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  The  total  fair  value  of  shares  vested  during  the  years  ended  October  31,  2022,  2021  and 
2020  was  $1,856,000,  $2,951,000  and  $2,365,000  respectively.  The  Company  has  unrecognized  stock-based  compensation 
expense of $1,208,000 as of October 31, 2022, which is expected to be recognized over the next one to two years as the shares 
vest. All unvested shares are expected to vest. 

During fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, members of management exchanged 105,316, 46,993 and 11,314 shares 
of  common  stock  with  fair  values  of  $1,530,000,  $701,000  and  $213,000,  at  the  dates  of  the  exchanges,  for  the  payment  of 
payroll taxes associated with the vesting of shares under the Company’s stock-based compensation programs. 

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of October 31, 2022, and changes during the fiscal year ended 
October 31, 2022, is presented below:

Nonvested at October 31, 2021

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at October 31, 2022

Treasury Stock

Share Repurchase Program 

Number of Shares

Weighted-Average
Grant Price

113,000  $ 

119,231  $ 

(106,334)  $ 

(15,000)  $ 

110,897  $ 

17.38 

14.38 

17.46 

14.96 

14.40 

In fiscal year 2021, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing it to repurchase up to 
$10,000,000  of  its  outstanding  shares  of  common  stock  through  September  2022;  no  shares  were  repurchased  under  this 
program.  In  fiscal  year  2020,  the  Company  repurchased  250,977  shares  for  $3,493,000  under  a  program  which  expired  in 
March 2021.

 81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

19. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

Dividend

On  December  20,  2022,  the  Company  declared  a  $0.075  per  share  dividend  payable  on  January  13,  2023,  in  the  aggregate 
amount of $1,326,000 to common stockholders of record as of January 3, 2023.

20. Segment Information

The Company operates in four reportable operating segments: fresh lemons, lemon packing, avocados and other agribusiness. 
The reportable operating segments of the Company are strategic business units with different products and services, distribution 
processes and customer bases. The fresh lemons segment includes sales, farming and harvest costs and third-party grower and 
supplier  costs  relative  to  fresh  lemons.  The  lemon  packing  segment  includes  packing  revenues  and  shipping  and  handling 
revenues relative to lemon packing. The lemon packing segment expenses are comprised of lemon packing costs. The lemon 
packing segment revenues include intersegment revenues between fresh lemons and lemon packing. The intersegment revenues 
are  included  gross  in  the  segment  note  and  a  separate  line  item  is  shown  as  an  elimination.  The  avocados  segment  includes 
sales, farming and harvest costs. The other agribusiness segment includes sales, farming and harvest costs and brokered fruit 
costs of oranges, specialty citrus and other crops. Revenues related to rental operations are included in “Corporate and Other.” 

The  Company  does  not  separately  allocate  depreciation  and  amortization  to  its  fresh  lemons,  lemon  packing,  avocados  and 
other agribusiness segments. No asset information is provided for reportable operating segments, as these specified amounts are 
not  included  in  the  measure  of  segment  profit  or  loss  reviewed  by  the  Company’s  chief  operating  decision  maker.  The 
Company measures operating performance, including revenues and operating income, of its operating segments and allocates 
resources  based  on  its  evaluation.  The  Company  does  not  allocate  selling,  general  and  administrative  expense,  total  other 
income  (expense)  and  income  taxes,  or  specifically  identify  them  to  its  operating  segments.  The  Company  earns  packing 
revenue  for  packing  lemons  grown  on  its  orchards  and  lemons  procured  from  third-party  growers.  Intersegment  revenues 
represent packing revenues related to lemons grown on the Company’s orchards.

Segment information for fiscal year 2022 (in thousands):

Fresh
Lemons

Lemon
Packing

Eliminations

Avocados

Other
Agribusiness

Total
Agribusiness

Corporate
and Other

Total

Revenues from external customers
Intersegment revenue
Total net revenues
Costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Operating income (loss)

$  120,885  $ 

— 
120,885 
115,119 
— 
5,766  $ 

$ 

22,176  $ 
29,817 
51,993 
43,017 
— 
8,976  $ 

—  $ 

(29,817) 
(29,817) 
(29,817) 
— 
—  $ 

17,331  $ 
— 
17,331 
5,524 
— 
11,807  $ 

18,889  $  179,281  $ 

— 
18,889 
18,204 
— 
685  $ 

— 
179,281 
152,047 
8,604 
18,630  $ 

5,324  $  184,605 
— 
184,605 
172,606 
9,798 
2,201 

— 
5,324 
20,559 
1,194 
(16,429)  $ 

Segment information for fiscal year 2021 (in thousands):

Fresh
Lemons

Lemon
Packing

Eliminations

Avocados

Other
Agribusiness

Total
Agribusiness

Corporate
and Other

Total

Revenues from external customers
Intersegment revenue

Total net revenues
Costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization

$  125,448  $ 

— 

125,448 
116,117 
— 

17,514  $ 
25,637 

43,151 
36,018 
— 

—  $ 

(25,637) 

(25,637) 
(25,637) 
— 

6,784  $ 
— 

6,784 
4,211 
— 

11,635  $  161,381  $ 

— 

11,635 
9,157 
— 

— 

161,381 
139,866 
8,626 

4,646  $  166,027 
— 

— 

4,646 
22,682 
1,186 

166,027 
162,548 
9,812 

Operating (loss) income

$ 

9,331  $ 

7,133  $ 

—  $ 

2,573  $ 

2,478  $ 

12,889  $ 

(19,222)  $ 

(6,333) 

Segment information for fiscal year 2020 (in thousands):

Fresh
Lemons

Lemon
Packing

Eliminations

Avocados

Other
Agribusiness

Total
Agribusiness

Corporate
and Other

Total

Revenues from external customers
Intersegment revenue
Total net revenues
Costs and expenses
Depreciation and amortization
Operating (loss) income

$  124,150  $ 

— 
124,150 
125,305 
— 
(1,155)  $ 

$ 

13,413  $ 
36,820 
50,233 
42,563 
— 
7,670  $ 

—  $ 

(36,820) 
(36,820) 
(36,820) 
— 
—  $ 

8,806  $ 
— 
8,806 
5,168 
— 
3,638  $ 

13,568  $  159,937  $ 

— 
13,568 
12,122 
— 
1,446  $ 

— 
159,937 
148,338 
8,943 
2,656  $ 

4,622  $  164,559 
— 
164,559 
173,470 
10,097 
(19,008) 

— 
4,622 
25,132 
1,154 
(21,664)  $ 

 82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

20. Segment Information (continued)

The following is a detail of other agribusiness revenues for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Oranges

Specialty citrus and other crops

Other agribusiness revenues

21. Subsequent Events

Year Ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

9,911  $ 

4,382  $ 

8,978 

7,253 

7,722 

5,846 

18,889  $ 

11,635  $ 

13,568 

The Company evaluated events subsequent to October 31, 2022 through the date of this filing, to assess the need for potential 
recognition or disclosure in this Annual Report. Based upon this evaluation, except as described in the notes to consolidated 
financial statements, it was determined that no other subsequent events occurred that require recognition or disclosure in the 
consolidated financial statements.

 83

 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of October 31, 2022, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the 
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the 
design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under 
the  Exchange  Act.  Based  upon  that  evaluation,  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  concluded  that  our 
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Refer to “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting” and 
“Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” below.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of Limoneira Company (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control 
over financial reporting as such term is defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is 
designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Company’s management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation 
of  the  effectiveness  of  Limoneira  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  based  on  the  framework  in  Internal 
Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 
Based on this evaluation, management concluded that internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 31, 
2022.  Deloitte  &  Touche  LLP,  an  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  has  audited  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting and has issued a report on internal control over financial reporting, which is 
included herein.

Harold S. Edwards
President and Chief Executive Officer

Mark Palamountain
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 84

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Limoneira Company

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Limoneira Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of 
October 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO).  In  our  opinion,  the  Company  maintained,  in  all  material 
respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  October  31,  2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal 
Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended October 31, 2022, of the Company and our report 
dated December 22, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements based on our audit and the report of 
the other auditors.

Basis for Opinion

The  Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  for  its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report 
on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal  control 
over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be 
independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all 
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk 
that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the 
assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures 
that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the 
company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Los Angeles, California
December 22, 2022 

 85

 
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There have been no significant changes in our internal control over 
financial  reporting  during  the  quarter  ended  October  31,  2022  or,  to  our  knowledge,  in  other  factors  that  have  materially 
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations  on  the  Effectiveness  of  Controls.  Control  systems,  no  matter  how  well  conceived  and  operated,  are  designed  to 
provide  a  reasonable,  but  not  an  absolute,  level  of  assurance  that  the  objectives  of  the  control  system  are  met.  Further,  the 
design  of  a  control  system  must  reflect  the  fact  that  there  are  resource  constraints,  and  the  benefits  of  controls  must  be 
considered  relative  to  their  costs.  Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  in  all  control  systems,  no  evaluation  of  controls  can 
provide  absolute  assurance  that  all  control  issues  and  instances  of  fraud,  if  any,  within  the  Company  have  been  detected. 
Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be 
detected.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

Not applicable.

PART III

Certain information required by Part III is omitted from this Annual Report because we will file a definitive Proxy Statement 
for  the  Annual  Meeting  of  Stockholders  pursuant  to  Regulation  14A  of  the  Exchange  Act  (the  “Proxy  Statement”),  not  later 
than  120  days  after  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year  covered  by  this  Annual  Report,  and  the  applicable  information  included  in  the 
Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.

 86

Part IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)(1) Financial Statements

Report  of  Independent  Registered  Public  Accounting  Firm  (Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
identification number 34)

Consolidated Financial Statements of Limoneira Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 31, 2022 and 2021

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Temporary Equity for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 
and 2020

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

Per  Item  15(a)(2),  list  the  following  documents  filed  as  part  of  the  report:  those  financial  statements  required  to  be 
filed by Item 8 of this Form 10-K, and by paragraph (b) below.

(b)

Exhibits

See “Exhibit Index” set forth on page 89.

(c)

Financial Statement Schedules
Per  Item  15(c),  registrants  shall  file,  as  financial  statement  schedules  to  this  Form  10-K,  the  financial  statements 
required  by  Regulation  S-X  (17  CFR  210)  which  are  excluded  from  the  annual  report  to  stockholders  by  Rule 
14a-3(b) including: (1) separate financial statements of subsidiaries not consolidated and fifty percent or less owned 
persons; (2) separate financial statements of affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral; and (3) schedules.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None

 87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly 
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on December 22, 2022.

LIMONEIRA COMPANY

By:

/s/ Harold S. Edwards
Harold S. Edwards
Director, President and
Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  on 
December 22, 2022, by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated:

Signature

/s/ Scott S. Slater
Scott S. Slater

/s/ Harold S. Edwards
Harold S. Edwards

/s/ Mark Palamountain
Mark Palamountain

/s/ Gordon E. Kimball
Gordon E. Kimball

/s/ Edgar Terry
Edgar Terry

/s/ Elizabeth Blanchard Chess
Elizabeth Blanchard Chess

/s/ Elizabeth Mora
Elizabeth Mora

/s/ John W.H. Merriman
John W.H. Merriman

/s/ Barbara Carbone
Barbara Carbone 

Title

Chairman of the Board of Directors

Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

 88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
No.

Description

2.1

2.2

2.3

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

Certificate of Merger of Limoneira Company and The Samuel Edwards Associates into Limoneira Company, 
dated October 31, 1990 (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on 
Form 10, and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Certificate  of  Merger  of  McKevett  Corporation  into  Limoneira  Company  dated  December  31,  1994 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.3  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and 
amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Agreement of Merger Between Ronald Michaelis Ranches, Inc. and Limoneira Company, dated June 24, 1997 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.6  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and 
amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Limoneira Company, dated July 5, 1990 (Incorporated by reference to 
exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10, and amendments thereto, declared effective 
April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Limoneira  Company,  dated  April  22,  2003 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.7  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and 
amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Limoneira  Company,  dated  March  24,  2010 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.9  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and 
amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Certificate  of  Amendment  of  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Limoneira  Company,  dated  March  29,  2017 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 31, 2017 
(File No. 001-34755))

Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  Limoneira  Company  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.1  to  the 
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 27, 2021 (File No. 001-34755))

Specimen  Certificate  representing  shares  of  Common  Stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share  (Incorporated  by 
reference  to  exhibit  4.1  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and  amendments  thereto, 
declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Rights  Agreement  dated  December  20,  2006  between  Limoneira  Company  and  The  Bank  of  New  York,  as 
Rights Agent (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10, 
and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Certificate  of  Designation,  Preferences  and  Rights  of  Series  A  Junior  Participating  Preferred  Stock,  $.01  Par 
Value,  of  Limoneira  Company,  dated  November  21,  2006  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.8  to  the 
Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and  amendments  thereto,  declared  effective  April  13,  2010 
(File No. 000-53885))

Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of $8.75 Voting Preferred Stock, $100.00 Par Value, Series 
B  of  Limoneira  Company,  dated  May  21,  1997  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  3.4  to  the  Company’s 
Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and  amendments  thereto,  declared  effective  April  13,  2010  (File  No. 
000-53885))

Amended  Certificate  of  Designation,  Preferences  and  Rights  of  $8.75  Voting  Preferred  Stock,  $100.00  Par 
Value, Series B of Limoneira Company, dated May 21, 1997 (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.5 to the 
Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and  amendments  thereto,  declared  effective  April  13,  2010 
(File No. 000-53885))

 89

 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
Exhibit
No.

Description

4.6

4.7*

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

Certificate  of  Designation,  Preferences  and  Rights  of  4%  Voting  Preferred  Stock,  $100.00  Par  Value,  Series 
B-2 of Limoneira Company, dated March 20, 2014 (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 24, 2014 (File No. 001-34755))

Description of Securities

Real  Estate  Advisory  Management  Consultant  Agreement  dated  April  1,  2004,  by  and  between  Limoneira 
Company  and  Parkstone  Companies  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s  Current 
Report on Form 8-K, filed August 25, 2010 (File No. 001-34755))

Amendment No. 1 to Real Estate Advisory Management Consultant Agreement dated August 24, 2010, by and 
between  Limoneira  Company  and  Parkstone  Companies  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.2  of  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 25, 2010 (File No. 001-34755))

Lease  Agreement  dated  February  15,  2005,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Calavo  Growers,  Inc. 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.6  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and 
amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Revolving  Equity  Line  of  Credit  Promissory  Note  and  Loan  Agreement,  dated  October  28,  1997,  between 
Limoneira  Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  FLCA  (as  successor  by  merger  to  Central  Coast  Federal  Land 
Bank  Association)  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.9  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on 
Form 10, and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Promissory Note and Loan Agreement, dated April 23, 2007, between Farm Credit West, FLCA and Limoneira 
Company  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.10  to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10, 
and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Promissory  Note  and  Loan  Agreement,  dated  September  23,  2005,  among  Farm  Credit  West,  FLCA  and 
Windfall Investors, LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Registration Statement 
on Form 10, and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  May  1,  2012,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  PCA 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 2, 2012 
(File No. 001-34755))

Promissory  Note  and  Supplement  to  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  May  1,  2012,  between  Limoneira 
Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  PCA  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company’s  Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed, May 2, 2012 (File No. 001-34755))

Pre-Annexation and Development Agreement, dated March 3, 2008, by and between the City of Santa Paula 
and Limoneira Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Registration Statement 
on Form 10, and amendments thereto, declared effective April 13, 2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Judgment, dated March 7, 1996, United Water Conservation Dist. v. City of San Buenaventura, et al., Case No. 
115611, Superior Court of the State of California, Ventura County (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.24 
to  the  Company’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  10,  and  amendments  thereto,  declared  effective  April  13, 
2010 (File No. 000-53885))

Option Agreement, dated February 27, 2013, by and among the Company, Jason B. Rushing as Trustee of the 
Jason B. Rushing Trust, Jennifer R. Rushing as trustee for the Jennifer R. Rushing Revocable trust, Zella A. 
Rushing  as  trustee  of  the  1988  Zella  Rushing  Trust  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  of  the 
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed June 10, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

 90

 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
Exhibit
No.

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

Description

Purchase  and  Sale  Agreement  and  Escrow  Instructions,  dated  April  8,  2013,  by  and  among  HM  East  Ridge 
LLC,  Limoneira  Company  and  IPDC  construction,  Inc.,  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 12, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

Lease Agreement, dated July 1, 2013, by and between the Company and Cadiz, Inc. (Incorporated by reference 
to exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 2, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

Cadiz-Limoneira  Amended  and  Restated  Lease,  dated  February  3,  2015,  by  and  between  Cadiz  Real  Estate 
LLC and Limoneira Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q, filed March 9, 2015 (File No. 001-34755)).

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 6, 2013, by and among Limoneira Company, ACP Merger 
Sub,  Inc.,  Associated  Citrus  Packers,  Inc.,  and  Mark  Spencer,  as  the  Shareholder  Representative  defined 
therein (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on form 8-K, filed September 12, 2013 
(File No. 001-34755))

Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions, dated September 27, 2013, by and between Sun 
World  International,  LLC  and  Limoneira  Company  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Current 
Report on Form 8-K, filed October 15, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

Construction  Contract  and  Agreement,  dated  October  1,  2013,  by  and  between  Limoneira  Company  and 
NEXGEN Builders, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
December 4, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

General  Conditions  of  the  Contract  and  Agreement,  dated  October  1,  2013,  by  and  between  Limoneira 
company  and  NEXGEN  Builders,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.2  to  the  Current  Report  on 
Form 8-K, filed December 4, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

Purchase and Sale Agreement and Escrow Instructions, dated November 29, 2013, by and between Templeton 
Santa Barbara, LLC and MI Land, LLC related to the sale of the Sevilla Property (Incorporated by reference to 
exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 4, 2013 (File No. 001-34755))

Series B-2 Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated March 21, 2014, by and between Limoneira Company 
and WPI-ACP Holdings, LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, 
filed March 24, 2014 (File No. 001-34755))

Contribution Agreement, dated September 4, 2015, by and among Limoneira Company and Lewis Santa Paula 
Member, LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
September 10, 2015 (File No. 001-34755))

First Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, 
LLC,  dated  November  10,  2015,  by  and  among  Limoneira  EA1  Land  LLC  and  Lewis  Santa  Paula  Member, 
LLC  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed 
November 16, 2015 (File No. 001-34755))

Interim  Funding  Agreement,  dated  December  1,  2015,  between  Limoneira  and  Wells  Fargo  Equipment 
Finance, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
December 22, 2015 (File No. 001-34755))

Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 1, 2015, between Limoneira Company and Wells Fargo 
Equipment  Finance,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company’s  Quarterly  Report  on 
Form 10-Q, filed March 10, 2016 (File No. 001- 34755))

 91

 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
Exhibit
No.

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29†

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

10.34

10.35†

10.36

10.37

Description

Loan Schedule to Master Loan and Security Agreement, dated January 20, 2016, between Limoneira Company 
and  Wells  Fargo  Equipment  Finance,  Inc.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.2  to  the  Company’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed March 10, 2016 (File No. 001-34755))

Promissory  Note  and  Loan  Agreement,  dated  February  11,  2016,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm 
Credit West, FLCA (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, 
filed February 18, 2016 (File No. 001-34755))

Retained  Property  Development  Agreement,  dated  November  10,  2015,  by  and  among  Limoneira  Company 
and Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2015 (File No. 001-34755)

Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  June  19,  2017,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  FLCA 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 21, 2017 
(File No. 001-34755))

Revolving Credit Facility Promissory Note and Supplement to Master Loan Agreement, dated June 19, 2017, 
between Limoneira Company and Farm Credit West FLCA (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 21, 2017 (File No. 001-34755))

Non-revolving  Credit  Facility  Promissory  Note  and  Supplement  to  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  June  19, 
2017, between Limoneira Company and Farm Credit West FLCA (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 to 
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 21, 2017 (File No. 001-24755))

Revolving Credit Facility Supplement, dated January 29, 2018, between Limoneira Company and Farm Credit 
West,  PCA  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed 
February 1, 2018 (File No. 001-34755))

Line  of  Credit  Loan  Agreement,  dated  February  22,  2018,  by  and  between  Limoneira  Lewis  Community 
Builders, LLC and Bank of America, N.A. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K, filed March 2, 2018 (File No. 001-34755))

Unsecured  Line  of  Credit  Promissory  Note,  dated  February  22,  2018,  by  and  between  Limoneira  Lewis 
Community  Builders,  LLC  and  Bank  of  America,  N.A.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 2, 2018 (File No. 001-34755))

Guaranty Agreement, dated February 22, 2018, by and among Richard A. Lewis, individually and as Trustee of 
the  Richard  A.  Lewis  Revocable  Trust  u/d/t  dated  August  16,  2004  ,  Robert  E.  Lewis,  individually  and  as 
Trustee of the Robert E. Lewis Revocable Trust u/d/t dated August 17, 2004, Roger G. Lewis, individually and 
as Trustee of the Roger G. Lewis Revocable Trust u/d/t dated August 20, 2004, Randall W. Lewis, individually 
and  as  Trustee  of  the  Randall  W.  Lewis  Revocable  Trust  u/d/t  dated  September  1,  2006,  and  Limoneira 
Company  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.3  to  the  Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed 
March 2, 2018 (File No. 001-34755))

Form  of  Restricted  Share  Award  Agreement  under  the  Limoneira  Company  2010  Amended  and  Restated 
Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 
8-K, filed April 11, 2018 (File No. 001-34755))

Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  June  1,  2021,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  PCA 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2021 
(File No. 001-34755))

Promissory  Note  and  Revolving  Credit  Facility  Supplement  to  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  June  1,  2021, 
between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm  Credit  West,  PCA  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.2  of  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2021 (File No. 001-34755))

 92

 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
Exhibit
No.

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

10.42†

10.43†

10.44†

10.45†

10.46

10.47

10.48†

10.49†

10.50

10.51

Description

Promissory  Note  and  Non-Revolving  Credit  Facility  Supplement  to  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  June  1, 
2021, between Limoneira Company and Farm Credit West, PCA (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 of 
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2021 (File No. 001-34755))

Agreement  to  Convert  to  Fixed  Interest  Rate,  dated  June  8,  2021,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Farm 
Credit West, PCA (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, 
filed June 17, 2021 (File No. 001-34755))

Separation  Agreement,  dated  January  10,  2022,  by  and  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Alex  M.  Teague 
(Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company's  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K,  filed  January  14, 
2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Consulting Agreement, dated January 12, 2022, by and between Limoneira Company and AMT Ag Consulting, 
LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 
14, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Limoneira  Company  2022  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan,  as  approved  by  the  Stockholders  on  March  22,  2022 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 1, 2022 
(File No. 001-34755))

Form  of  Time-Based  Restricted  Share  Award  Agreement  for  Non-Employee  Directors,  Pursuant  to  the 
Limoneira  Company  2022  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.3  of  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 1, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Form  of  Performance-Based  Restricted  Share  Award  Agreement,  Pursuant  to  the  Limoneira  Company  2022 
Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 
8-K, filed August 1, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Award Agreement for Employees, Pursuant to the Limoneira Company 
2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.5 of the Company’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K, filed August 1, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Purchase  and  Sale  Agreement,  dated    as  of  September  7,  2022,  by  and  between  Limoneira  Company  and 
Limoneira  Lewis  Community  Builders,  LLC  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  of  the  Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 8, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions, dated as of September 12, 2022, by and between 
Limoneira Company and Ventura County Railway Company, LLC (Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 
of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 15, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Retention  Bonus  Agreement,  dated  October  26,  2022,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Harold  Edwards 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 27, 
2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Retention  Bonus  Agreement,  dated  October  26,  2022,  between  Limoneira  Company  and  Mark  Palamountain 
(Incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 27, 
2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Standard  Industrial/Commercial  Single  Tenant  Lease,  dated  October  26,  2022  (Incorporated  by  reference  to 
exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 31, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

First  Amendment  to  the  First  Amended  and  Restated  Limited  Liability  Company  Agreement  of  Limoneira 
Lewis  Community  Builders,  LLC,  dated  October  25,  2022  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.1  of  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed October 31, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

 93

 
 
   
Exhibit
No.

10.52

10.53

21.1*

23.1*

Description

Limited Liability Company Agreement of LLCB II, LLC, dated October 25, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to 
exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on October 26, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

Closing  Agreement,  dated  October  25,  2022,  between  the  Company,  Limoneira  Lewis  Community  Builders, 
LLC  and  Limoneira  Lewis  Community  Builders  II,  LLC  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  exhibit  10.4  of  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed on October 31, 2022 (File No. 001-34755))

  Subsidiaries of Limoneira Company

  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Deloitte & Touche LLP

23.2*

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Ernst & Young LLP

31.1*

31.2*

32.1*

32.2*

99.1*

  Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)

Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and 
15d-14(a)

Certification  of  the  Principal  Executive  Officer  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification  of  the  Principal  Financial  Officer  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

  Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC - Financial Statements as of October 31, 2022 and 2021

101.INS*

  XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH*

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed or furnished herewith. In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release Nos. 33-8238 
and  34-47986,  Final  Rule:  Management's  Report  on  Internal  Control  Over  Financial  Reporting  and  Certification  of 
Disclosure in Exchange Act Periodic Reports, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to 
accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange 
Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the 
Exchange Act, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

† Denotes management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements.

 94

 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
List of Subsidiaries of Limoneira Company

State of Incorporation/Organization

Exhibit 21.1

Associated Citrus Packers, Inc.

Limoneira EA1 Land LLC

Limoneira EA1 Management LLC

Limoneira EA2 LLC

Limoneira Energy Company LLC

Limoneira International Division, LLC

Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC

Limoneira Lewis Community Builders II, LLC

Limoneira Mercantile, L.L.C.

Windfall Investors, LLC

Templeton Santa Barbara, LLC

6037 East Donna Circle Drive LLC

6146 East Cactus Wren Road LLC

Limoneira Chile SpA

Limoneira SA

Fruticola Pan de Azucar S.A.

Agricola San Pablo SpA

Limoneira Argentina S.A.U.

Trapani Fresh Consorcio de Cooperacion

Limoneira Holland B.V.

Arizona

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

California

California

Delaware

Delaware

California

California

Nevada

Arizona

Arizona

Chile

Republic of South Africa

Chile

Chile

Argentina

Argentina

Holland

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We  consent  to  the  incorporation  by  reference  in  Registration  Statement  No.  333-239061  on  Form  S-3  and  Registration 
Statement  Nos.  333-171934  and  333-263794  on  Form  S-8  of  our  reports  dated  December  22,  2022,  relating  to  the  financial 
statements  of  Limoneira  Company  and  subsidiaries  and  the  effectiveness  of  Limoneira  Company  and  subsidiaries’  internal 
control over financial reporting appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2022.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Los Angeles, California
December 22, 2022 

 
 
 
 
Exhibit 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

(1) Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8  No.  333-171934)  pertaining  to  the  Limoneira  Company  2010  Omnibus 

Incentive Plan, 

(2) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-239061) of Limoneira Company, and
(3) Registration  Statement  (Form  S-8  No.  333-263794)  pertaining  to  the  Limoneira  Company  2022  Omnibus 

Incentive Plan;

of our report dated December 16, 2022, with respect to the financial statements of Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC 
included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Limoneira Company for the year ended October 31, 2022. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Irvine, California 
December 22, 2022

 
 
Exhibit 31.1

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)

I, Harold S. Edwards, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Limoneira Company (the “Registrant”);

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4. The Registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a) designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  Registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting 
to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles;

(c) evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  Registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred 
during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. The Registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize 
and report financial information; and

(b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated December 22, 2022.

By:

/s/    Harold S. Edwards
Harold S. Edwards
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2

Certification of the Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a)

I, Mark Palamountain, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Limoneira Company (the “Registrant”);

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4. The Registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a) designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  Registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting 
to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles;

(c) evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  Registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred 
during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. The Registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize 
and report financial information; and

(b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated December 22, 2022.

By:

/s/    Mark Palamountain
Mark Palamountain
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32.1

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2022 (the “Report”) of Limoneira 
Company (the “Registrant”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Harold S. Edwards, 
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant, hereby certify that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 

1934, as amended; and

(2) The  information  contained  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  condition  and 

results of operations of the Registrant.

Dated December 22, 2022.

By:

/s/    Harold S. Edwards
Harold S. Edwards
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 32.2

Certification of the Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350)

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2022 (the “Report”) of Limoneira 
Company (the “Registrant”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Mark Palamountain, 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Registrant, hereby certify that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 

1934, as amended; and

(2) The  information  contained  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  condition  and 

results of operations of the Registrant.

Dated December 22, 2022.

By:

/s/    Mark Palamountain
Mark Palamountain
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
(This page intentionally left blank)

 
Exhibit 99.1

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Financial Statements

October 31, 2022

 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Financial Statements

Balance Sheets
Statements of Operations
Statements of Members’ Capital
Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Financial Statements

1

3
4
5
6
7

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Members of Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC 

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Limoneira Lewis Community Builders, LLC (the 
Company) as of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the related statements of operations, members’ capital and 
cash  flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  October  31,  2022,  and  the  related  notes 
(collectively  referred  to  as  the  “financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  financial  statements  present 
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at October 31, 2022 and 2021, and 
the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 
2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to 
express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public 
accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing 
standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of 
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we 
engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are 
required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of 
expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting. 
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial 
statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such 
procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the 
financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant 
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. 
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and 
that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our 
especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter 
does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by 
communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or 
on the account or disclosure to which it relates. 

Description of 
the Matter

How We 
Addressed the 
Matter in Our 
Audit

Evaluation  of  Impairment  Indicators  for  Land  Held  for  Development  and 
Sale

The Company's land held for development and sale balance totaled $112.2 million as 
of October 31, 2022. As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company 
tests  its  land  held  for  development  and  sale  for  impairment  in  accordance  with 
Accounting Standards Codification Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment (ASC 
360), whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of 
its  project  may  not  be  recoverable.  Such  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  may 
include, among others, a significant adverse change in the business climate that could 
affect the value of the project, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the 
amount  originally  expected,  or  current  period  operating  or  cash  flow  loss  combined 
with  a  history  of  operating  or  cash  flow  losses  or  a  forecast  that  demonstrates 
continuing  losses.  When  such  indicators  of  impairment  are  identified,  the  project  is 
tested  for  recoverability  by  comparing  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  to  the 
undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated from the project. If the 
carrying  value  of  the  project  is  determined  to  not  be  recoverable,  an  impairment 
charge  is  recognized  equal  to  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  value  exceeds  its 
estimated fair value. 

Auditing  the  Company's  impairment  assessment  is  challenging  because  of  the 
subjective auditor judgment necessary in evaluating management's identification and 
evaluation  of  events  and  changes  in  circumstances  that  could  represent  potential 
indicators of impairment, such as the impact of changes in demand and estimated land 
sales prices or other factors that could indicate that the carrying value of its project 
may not be recoverable. There is also significant judgment in the related assessment 
of  the  severity  of  such  indicators,  either  individually  or  in  combination,  in 
determining  whether  a  triggering  event  has  occurred  that  requires  the  Company  to 
evaluate its project for recoverability.

To test the Company’s evaluation of indicators of impairment, our audit procedures 
included,  among  others,  evaluating  significant  judgments  applied  in  determining 
whether indicators of impairment were present by obtaining evidence to corroborate 
such judgments and searching for evidence contrary to such judgments. For example, 
we  evaluated  management’s  assessment  of  potential  indicators  of  impairment 
considering  historical  operating  results  of  the  project  and  external  market  data 
regarding  the  impact  of  current  market  conditions  on  home  prices  and  the  related 
demand  for  land,  as  well  as  a  sensitivity  analysis  over  projected  future  land  sales 
revenue  and  project  delivery  timeline,  to  identify  whether  there  were  changes  in 
circumstances  based  on  current  market  conditions  that  could  indicate  the  carrying 
amount of the project may not be recoverable. We also evaluated significant changes 
in  the  Company’s  project  development  plans  or  costs,  performed  inquiries  of 
operational  personnel  responsible  for  the  project,  inspected  minutes  of  the  meetings 
of  the  Company’s  executive  committee,  and  searched  for  evidence  contrary  to 
management’s  assertions  to  identify  whether  indicators  of  impairment  were  present 
for the project. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2016.
Irvine, California
December 16, 2022

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Balance Sheets 
(in thousands)

Assets
Land held for development and sale
Cash and cash equivalents
Due from affiliates (Note 7)
Refundable deposits and other assets
Contract assets
Total assets

Liabilities and members’ capital
Unsecured line of credit, net of unamortized
   loan costs (Note 5)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Due to affiliates (Note 7)

Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)

Members’ capital:
     Limoneira EA1 Land, LLC
     Lewis Santa Paula Member, LLC

Total liabilities and members’ capital

See accompanying notes.

October 31,

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

112,221 
260 

3,378 

554 

183 

98,951 
2,736 

5,771 

945 

561 

$ 

116,596 

$ 

108,964 

$ 

4,500 

$ 

5,884 
147 
10,531 

— 

4,657 
51 
4,708 

52,431 
53,634 
106,065 
$  116,596 

51,416 
52,840 
104,256 
$  108,964 

 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Statements of Operations
(in thousands)

Revenues:
     Land sales

Cost of sales:
     Cost of land sales
Gross profit

Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses
Abandoned development costs
Other (income) expense

Year Ended October 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

2,500 

$ 

42,853 

$ 

25,906 

— 
2,500 

(32,735) 
10,118 

(21,791) 
4,115 

553 
138 
— 
— 

984 
88 
— 
(41) 

1,071 
217 
316 
(104) 

Net income

$ 

1,809 

$ 

9,087 

$ 

2,615 

See accompanying notes.

 4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Statements of Members’ Capital
(in thousands)

Limoneira 
EA1 Land, 
LLC

Lewis 
Santa Paula 
Member, 
LLC

Total 
Members' 
Capital

$ 

$ 

42,722 
2,800 
1,386 
46,908 
— 
4,508 
51,416 
— 
1,015 
52,431 

$ 

$ 

44,232 
2,800 
1,229 
48,261 
— 
4,579 
52,840 
— 
794 
53,634 

$ 

86,954 
5,600 
2,615 
95,169 
— 
9,087 
104,256 
— 
1,809 
$  106,065 

Balance at October 31, 2019
     Contributions
     Net income
Balance at October 31, 2020
     Contributions
     Net income
Balance at October 31, 2021
     Contributions
     Net income
Balance at October 31, 2022

See accompanying notes.

 5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Year ended October 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

1,809 

$ 

9,087 

$ 

2,615 

Operating activities

Net income 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in)      
   provided by operating activities:
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
     Land held for development and sale

     Refundable deposits and other assets

     Note receivable – land sale

     Due from affiliates

     Contract assets 

     Accounts payable and accrued expenses 

     Unearned revenue 

     Due to affiliates 

(13,270) 

391 

— 

2,393 

378 

1,227 

— 

96 

23,255 

72 

6,084 

(5,771) 

(140) 

814 

(696) 

(44) 

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

(6,976) 

32,661 

Financing activities

Borrowings from line of credit 

Principal repayments on line of credit

Payment of deferred loan costs

Loan from members

Principal repayments on loan from members

Contributions from members

11,400 

(6,900) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5,812 

(36,180) 

(225) 

— 

— 

— 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

4,500 

(30,593) 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

(2,476) 

2,736 

2,068 

668 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

$ 

260 

$ 

2,736 

$ 

13,267 

(60) 

(6,084) 

— 

74 

(3,742) 

238 

80 

6,388 

13,193 

(25,992) 

(90) 

3,600 

(3,600) 

5,600 

(7,289) 

(901) 

1,569 

668 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest (including amounts capitalized to the 
   Project)

$ 

164 

$ 

398 

$ 

1,707 

See accompanying notes.

 6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements

October 31, 2022

1. Organization

Organization and Business

Limoneira  Lewis  Community  Builders,  LLC  (“Limoneira  Lewis”  or  the  “Company”),  a  Delaware 
Limited Liability Company, is a joint venture between Lewis Santa Paula Member, LLC (“Lewis”) and 
Limoneira  EA1  Land,  LLC  (“Limoneira”)  (together,  the  “Members”)  for  the  primary  purpose  of 
developing a 501 acre area of land in Santa Paula, California into residential properties (the “Project”). 
Limoneira  Lewis  was  formed  on  November  3,  2015  and  began  operations  on  November  10,  2015  in 
conjunction  with  the  contribution  of  land  and  related  entitlements  for  an  agreed-upon  value  of 
$40,000,000  by  Limoneira  (the  “Property”)  to  the  Company  and  a  concurrent  assignment  of  a  50% 
interest  in  the  Company  to  Lewis  for  $20,000,000  cash  consideration,  which  were  reflected  as  initial 
capital  contributions  from  the  Members.  Initial  capital  contributions  of  the  Members  also  included  the 
value of certain pre-formation development costs and expenses (“Pre-Assignment Expenses”) incurred by 
Limoneira of $1,374,279 and Lewis of $217,774.  

The  terms  of  the  Company  are  governed  pursuant  to  the  Limited  Liability  Company  Agreement,  as 
amended (the “LLC Agreement”). Each Member’s liability is limited pursuant to the Delaware Limited 
Liability Company Act. The term of the Company shall continue until the Company is dissolved pursuant 
to the provisions of the LLC Agreement.

Lewis is the designated manager of the Company (“Manager”) and manages the business activities of the 
Company pursuant to the terms of the LLC Agreement through an affiliated entity, Lewis Management 
Corp., a California Corporation (the “Manager Affiliate”).  All major decisions, as defined by the LLC 
Agreement,  are  decided  by  an  executive  committee  consisting  of  two  representatives  each  from  Lewis 
and Limoneira.

Capital contributions are made by the Members for funding of Project Costs pursuant to terms of the LLC 
Agreement. Through October 31, 2021, the Members’ capital contributions include the Members’ initial 
capital contributions representing the value of the contributed property and Pre-Assignment Expenses and 
additional contributions totaling $82,799,000 in the aggregate.  

On March 3, 2008, Limoneira entered into a Development Agreement with the City of Santa Paula (the 
“City”)  to  develop  the  property  which  was  transferred  to  the  Company  on  November  10,  2015.  The 
Development Agreement was amended and restated on February 26, 2015. The Amended Development 
Agreement currently provides for up to 1,500 total residential units, an estimated 240,000 square feet of 
office,  retail,  light  industrial  and  assisted  living  facilities,  approximately  19  acres  for  educational  and 
other  civic  facilities  and  approximately  223  acres  of  undeveloped  land,  including  open  space  and 
agricultural preserves, parks and greenways.

                                                                                                                                                       7

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

1. Organization (continued)

Distributions

Pursuant  to  the  LLC  Agreement,  distributions  of  Net  Cash  Flow,  as  defined,  shall  be  distributed  to  the 
Members in the following order of priority (using terms as defined in the LLC Agreement):

(a) First,  to  the  Members  in  proportion  to  their  respective  Additional  Capital  Contribution  IRR 
Deficiencies,  until  each  Member’s  Additional  Contribution  IRR  Deficiency  is  reduced  to  zero, 
representing a 12% return, compounded annually;

(b) Second, 48% to Limoneira and 52% to Lewis until Lewis’ Initial Contribution IRR Deficiency is 

reduced to zero, representing a 12% return, compounded annually;

(c) Third,  25%  to  Limoneira  and  75%  to  Lewis  until  aggregate  distributions  on  this  tier  equal 

$10,000,000;

(d) Fourth,  60%  to  Limoneira  and  40%  to  Lewis  until  aggregate  distributions  on  this  tier  equal 

$20,000,000;

(e) Fifth,  50%  to  Limoneira  and  50%  to  Lewis  until  aggregate  distributions  on  this  tier  equal 

$20,000,000;

(f) Sixth,  78%  to  Limoneira  and  22%  to  Lewis  until  aggregate  distributions  on  this  tier  equal 

$25,000,000;

(g) Seventh,  95%  to  Limoneira  and  5%  to  Lewis  until  aggregate  distributions  on  this  tier  equal 

$20,000,000;

(h) Thereafter, 70% to Limoneira and 30% to Lewis.

Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, distributions of Net Cash Flow may also be affected by certain Net Cash 
Flow Override provisions based on the status of an affiliated joint venture project between the Members 
formed  in  September  2022,  LLCB  II  (Note  7).    Pursuant  to  these  provisions,  if  either  (i)  LLCB  II  is 
dissolved prior to the date (if any) that LLCB II obtains the Site Specific Entitlements, as defined, or (ii) 
there is a Material Adverse Impact, as defined, after LLCB II obtains the Site Specific Entitlements, then 
the first $4,000,000 of Net Cash Flow of the Company available for distribution to the Members shall be 
distributed  to  Lewis  prior  to  any  other  distributions  being  made  to  the  Members  under  the  distribution 
priorities above. The LLC Agreement also states that Lewis shall have the right to elect to dissolve LLCB 
II in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement of LLCB II thereby triggering the application 
of  these  Net  Cash  Flow  Override  provisions  without  regard  to  any  fiduciary  or  other  duties  owed  to 
Limoneira other than the covenant of good faith and fair dealing.

8

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

1. Organization (continued)

Allocations of Income and Losses

Net income and losses each period are allocated to the Members in respect of how such income or loss 
would  affect  related  cash  distributions  that  would  be  made  to  the  Members  if  the  Company  were  to  be 
liquidated as of the reporting date and proceeds equal to the book value of members’ capital were to be 
distributed pursuant to the cash distribution priorities of the LLC Agreement. The allocations of income 
and losses reflected herein assume that no Net Cash Flow Override provisions have been triggered as of 
the reporting date.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The  accompanying  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles 
generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All references to authoritative accounting literature in 
the  Company’s  financial  statements  were  referenced  in  accordance  with  the  Financial  Accounting 
Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”),  which  is  the  single  source  of 
authoritative nongovernmental GAAP in the United States.

Acreage,  square  footage,  number  of  units  or  lots,  and  other  similar  non-financial  measures  included  in 
these notes to the financial statements are presented on an unaudited basis.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

All  highly  liquid  investments  with  a  remaining  maturity  of  three  months  or  less  when  purchased  are 
considered to be cash equivalents. No cash balances held by the Company during the periods presented 
were legally restricted as to use.

Financial  instruments  that  potentially  subject  the  Company  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  of 
demand  deposits  with  a  financial  institution.  The  Company’s  cash  balances  from  time  to  time  exceed 
federally insurable limits. However, the Company believes there is minimal credit risk relative to its cash 
balances.

Land Held for Development and Sale and Cost of Land Sales 

Land  held  for  development  and  sale  consists  of  unimproved  land  and  costs  related  to  improvements 
including infrastructure and other capitalizable project costs.  Capitalized costs include direct and indirect 
land  costs,  development  and  construction  costs,  direct  labor,  real  estate  taxes,  and  interest  related  to 
development and construction.  Capitalized costs also include prepaid insurance policies and other similar 
costs which do not extend beyond the projected development period of the related project components.

9

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Cost of land sales is determined based on an allocation of costs to individual land parcels sold based on 
specific identification, if practicable, or an allocation based on a method which approximates relative fair 
value in accordance with ASC 970, Real Estate - General. Costs allocated to land parcels sold include 
actual  development  costs  incurred  and  estimates  of  future  development  costs,  including  common  costs 
and amenities within the Project. For purposes of allocating development costs, estimates of future sales 
prices  and  development  costs  reflected  in  the  project  budget  are  reevaluated  throughout  the  year,  with 
adjustments being allocated prospectively to the remaining parcels available for sale.

Land held for development and sale is carried at cost. The Company tests its land held for development 
and  sale  for  impairment  in  accordance  with  ASC  360,  Property,  Plant  and  Equipment,  whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of its project may not be recoverable. 
Such events or changes in circumstances may include, among others, a significant adverse change in the 
business climate that could affect the value of the project, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess 
of the amount originally expected, or current period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history 
of operating or cash flow losses or a forecast that demonstrates continuing losses. 

If such indicators of impairment are identified, the project is tested for recoverability by comparing the 
carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated from the 
project. If the carrying value of the project is determined to not be recoverable, an impairment charge is 
recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair value is 
determined based on estimated future cash flows discounted for inherent risks associated with the project, 
or other valuation techniques.

Revenue Recognition

Land  sale  transactions  are  made  pursuant  to  contracts  under  which  the  Company  typically  has  a 
performance  obligation  to  deliver  specified  land  parcels  to  the  buyer  when  closing  conditions  are  met. 
The  Company  evaluates  each  land  sale  contract  to  determine  its  performance  obligations  under  the 
contract,  including  whether  there  is  a  distinct  promise  to  perform  post-closing  land  development  work 
that is material within the context of the contract, and uses objective criteria to determine the completion 
of the applicable performance obligations, whether at a point in time or over time.  Revenues from land 
sales  are  recognized  when  the  Company  has  satisfied  the  performance  obligations  within  the  sales 
contract.  Under  its  land  sale  contracts,  the  Company  typically  receives  an  initial  cash  deposit  from  the 
buyer at the time the contract is executed and receives the remaining fixed price consideration, through a 
third-party escrow agent, at closing when title and control of the land transfers to the buyer. 

In instances where the Company has one or more performance obligations to perform land development 
work after the closing date, a portion of the transaction price under the land sale contract is allocated to 
such performance obligations and is recognized as revenue over time based upon the estimated progress 

10

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

toward the satisfaction of the related performance obligation, which is generally measured based on costs 
incurred relative to the total costs expected to satisfy the performance obligation.   

The  Company’s  land  sales  contracts  to  homebuilders  also  generally  provide  for  additional  variable 
consideration in the form of a marketing fee based on a percentage of the sales prices of homes built and 
sold on the land as well as the ability to receive future profit participation payments on profitability above 
specified  thresholds  achieved  on  sales  of  the  homes  by  the  homebuilder.  The  Company’s  performance 
obligations related to these fees are generally satisfied as of or in advance of when payments for such fees 
are  received,  which  may  result  in  the  recognition  of  a  contract  asset  for  the  estimated  future  variable 
consideration expected to be received. In determining the amount of revenue to recognize related to these 
fees,  the  Company  estimates  the  total  variable  consideration  it  expects  to  receive  utilizing  the  expected 
value  approach  and  constrains  the  amount  to  be  recognized  to  the  extent  such  variable  consideration  is 
subject to a risk of significant revenue reversal. The Company considers various factors in determining 
whether  a  constraint  is  necessary,  including  its  experience  to  date  and  degree  to  which  the  variable 
consideration is susceptible to factors outside its influence. 

The  amount  and  timing  of  revenue  and  cash  flows  related  to  marketing  fee  and  profit  participation 
payments are impacted by the ultimate timing and sales prices of homes sold by homebuilders.  

The  Company  also  evaluates  the  terms  of  anti-speculation  or  similar  clauses  contained  in  its  land  sales 
contracts which may provide the Company the contingent right to repurchase such land if the buyer fails 
to comply with provisions of the sales contract to determine whether the customer under its contracts has 
obtained control of the land in determining satisfaction of the related performance obligation.

Deposits  received  under  customer  contracts  prior  to  closing  of  land  sales,  or  other  payments  received 
under a contract for which related performance obligation is not yet complete, represent contract liabilities 
and are recorded as unearned revenue. Contract assets are recognized to the extent revenues are recorded 
but  the  related  amounts  are  not  yet  receivable  under  the  terms  of  the  contract.  Trade  receivables  are 
recorded  to  the  extent  amounts  are  receivable  from  the  customer  and  the  Company’s  right  to  the 
consideration is no longer conditional. Contract assets and trade receivables are evaluated for impairment 
or  collectability  in  accordance  with  respective  guidance.  All  of  the  Company’s  contracts  with  its 
customers and the related performance obligations have an original expected duration of one year or less.

11

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Line of Credit

The Company’s line of credit is recorded at amortized cost. Loan costs associated with securing the line 
of credit are deferred and are recognized as a component of interest cost over the term of the line of credit 
and  are  presented  as  a  reduction  of  the  line  of  credit  balance  on  the  accompanying  balance  sheets.  In 
periods  where  there  are  no  balances  outstanding  on  the  line  of  credit,  unamortized  loan  costs  are 
reclassified  to  other  assets.  Interest  costs  are  capitalized  to  the  Project  during  periods  in  which 
development activities are ongoing.

Income Taxes 

As  a  limited  liability  company,  the  Company  is  subject  to  certain  minimal  taxes  and  fees;  however,  no 
provision for income taxes has been made in the accompanying financial statements as the Members are 
individual responsible for reporting their respective share of the Company’s income or loss.  

Based  on  its  evaluation  under  ASC  740, Income Taxes,  the  Company  has  concluded  that  there  are  no 
significant  tax  positions  requiring  recognition  in  its  financial  statements,  nor  has  the  Company  been 
assessed interest or penalties by any tax jurisdictions. 

Other Income and Expenses

Other income and expenses are recorded in the period earned or incurred. Selling costs and costs related 
to marketing of the community are generally recorded to sales and marketing expenses as incurred. 

Comprehensive Income and Loss

For  all  periods  presented,  comprehensive  income  is  the  same  as  net  income  reported  for  the  respective 
period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities  and  the  revenues  and  expenses  for  the  periods  presented.  Actual  amounts  and  results  could 
differ from those estimates. 

12

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 
2014-09  supersedes  the  revenue  guidance  in  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  Topic  605, 
Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific revenue and cost guidance in the accounting standards 
codification,  including  some  cost  guidance  related  to  construction-type  and  production-type  contracts. 
The  core  principle  of  ASU  2014-09  is  that  an  entity  should  recognize  revenue  to  depict  the  transfer  of 
promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity 
expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  This update creates a five-step model that 
requires  entities  to  exercise  judgment  when  considering  the  terms  of  the  contract(s)  which  include  (i) 
identifying the contract(s) with the customer, (ii) identifying the separate performance obligations in the 
contract,  (iii)  determining  the  transaction  price,  (iv)  allocating  the  transaction  price  to  the  separate 
performance obligations, and (v) recognizing revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.

On  November  1,  2018,  the  Company  adopted  ASU  2014-09  and  its  related  amendments  (collectively, 
“ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective method applied to contracts that were not completed as of 
the  adoption  date.  Results  for  reporting  periods  beginning  November  1,  2018  are  presented  under  ASC 
606. The initial adoption of ASC 606 did not impact the Company’s financial statements as there were no 
land sales which had closed prior to the adoption date and no other balances which were required to be 
expensed or reclassified upon adoption pursuant to the provisions of ASC 606. 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-02,  Leases  (Topic  842)  (including  related 
amendments, “ASC 842”). ASC 842 requires organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance 
sheet the  assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under ASC  842, a 
lessee is required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. 
Lessor  accounting  remains  substantially  similar  to  current  GAAP.  In  addition,  ASC  842  provides  for 
expanded  disclosures  of  leasing  activities  including  qualitative  along  with  specific  quantitative 
information.  ASC  842  was  adopted  by  the  Company  effective  November  1,  2019,  and  the  Company 
elected the package of practical expedients offered under the standard.  The adoption of ASC 842 did not 
have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic 
326):  Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  on  Financial  Instruments  (“ASC  326”).  This  amendment 
requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based 
on historical experience, current conditions, and forward-looking estimates. ASC 326 was adopted by the 
Company effective November 1, 2020. The adoption of ASC 326 did not have a material impact on the 
Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

13

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

3.   Land Held for Development and Sale

Activity  related  to  the  Company’s  land  held  for  development  and  sale  for  the  years  ended  October  31, 
2022 and 2021 is as follows:

Beginning balance
Additional costs incurred
CFD reimbursements (Note 8)
Cost of land sales

$ 

$ 

2022
98,951,000 
27,378,000 
(14,108,000) 
— 

2021
122,206,000 
12,679,000 
(3,199,000) 
(32,735,000) 

Ending balance

$ 

112,221,000 

$ 

98,951,000 

Management concluded that no impairment charges were warranted related to land held for development 
and sale through October 31, 2022.    

During  the  year  ended  October  31,  2020,  the  Company  closed  on  the  sale  of  144  lots  in  land  sale 
transactions with three homebuilders and recognized total land sale revenues of $25,906,000. During the 
year ended October 31, 2021, the Company closed on the sale of 232 lots in land sale transactions with 
three homebuilders and recognized total land sale revenues of $42,853,000.  Land sale revenues for these 
periods include related deposit amounts received and reflected as unearned revenue in previous periods.  
During the year ended October 31, 2022, there were no new land sale transactions. Land sales revenues 
recognized  during  the  year  ended  October  31,  2022  primarily  relate  to  profit  participation  amounts 
recognized on land sale transactions which had closed in previous periods. 

In connection with one of the land sales closed in June 2020, the Company provided seller financing in 
the form of a promissory note to the buyer for $6,000,000.  The note accrued interest at a fixed rate of 
5.0% per annum and was due and payable, along with accrued interest, on the earlier of January 12, 2021 
or sale of the first residence from the community, as defined. During the year ended October 31, 2020, the 
Company  recognized  $84,000  of  accrued  interest  on  the  note.  The  note  was  subsequently  repaid,  along 
with accrued interest, in November 2020.  

Included in land sales revenues for the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were marketing fee 
revenues of $27,000, $1,176,000 and $745,000.  As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, $77,000 and $561,000 
of  contract  assets  were  recorded  representing  estimated  future  variable  consideration  to  be  received 
related to marketing fee revenues. Additionally, land sales revenues for the year ended October 31, 2022 
and 2021 included revenues from profit participation arrangements totaling $2,473,000 and $413,000, of 
which $106,000 and $208,000 was receivable at October 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and included in 
other  assets  on  the  accompanying  balance  sheets.  No  amounts  from  profit  participation  arrangements 
were recognized as revenues in the year ended October 31, 2020.  

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
     
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

3. Land Held for Development and Sale (continued)

As  of  October  31,  2022,  there  were  $200,000  in  refund  liabilities  which  were  classified  in  accounts 
payable and accrued liabilities on the accompanying balance sheet related to profit participation amounts 
received  by  the  Company  during  the  year  ended  October  31,  2022  for  which  a  revenue  constraint  was 
applied as a result of uncertainty as to whether such amounts would need to be returned. 

As of October 31, 2021, the Company had substantially completed all performance obligations related to 
the land sale transactions that closed during the respective years then ended.  

As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no deposits related to future lot sale transactions. 

During the year ended October 31, 2020, the Company expensed $316,000 related to abandoned project 
costs which were incurred related to a potential apartment development within the Project which was no 
longer being pursued. There were no similar charges for the years ended October 31, 2022 or 2021.

4. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities includes the following as of October 31, 2022 and 2021:

Trade accounts payable
Retentions payable
Accrued liabilities

$ 

2022

319,000 
1,900,000 
3,665,000 

$ 

2021

113,000 
2,096,000 
2,448,000 

$ 

5,884,000 

$ 

4,657,000 

15

 
 
 
 
LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

5. Line of Credit

In February 2018, the Company entered into an unsecured revolving line of credit facility with a third-
party  lender  to  provide  development  financing  for  the  Project.  The  line  of  credit,  as  modified  and 
extended, has a maximum borrowing amount of $45,000,000 and matures February 22, 2023. The line of 
credit  bears  interest,  payable  monthly,  at  an  annual  rate  of  one-month  LIBOR  plus  2.85%  (6.61%  at 
October  31,  2022)  plus  an  unused  commitment  fee  of  0.20%  per  year,  payable  quarterly.  The  line  of 
credit  has  a  one-year  extension  option  through  February  22,  2024  subject  to  terms  and  conditions  as 
defined  in  the  agreement,  with  the  maximum  borrowing  amount  reduced  to  $35,000,000  during  the 
extension period. The Company intends to exercise its extension option on the line of credit.

As of October 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $4,500,000 and $0 under 
the  line  of  credit,  respectively.  Unamortized  loan  costs  totaling  $66,000  as  of  October  31,  2021  were 
classified as other assets as the line of credit had no outstanding borrowings as of that date.  Loan costs 
amortized  as  interest  costs  during  the  years  ended  October  31,  2022  and  2021  totaled  $66,000  and 
$159,000, respectively, all of which were capitalized to the Project. During the years ended October 31, 
2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded interest and unused commitment fees on the line of credit of 
$164,000, $398,000 and $1,736,000, respectively, all of which were capitalized to the Project. 

The  line  of  credit  is  guaranteed  by  Limoneira  and  certain  owners  of  Lewis.  The  loan  also  requires 
compliance with certain financial covenants, including liquid asset and tangible net worth requirements of 
the guarantors, all of which were in compliance as of October 31, 2022.

16

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

6. Fair Value Disclosures

ASC  Topic  820,  Fair  Value  Measurement,  provides  a  framework  for  measuring  fair  value  and  has 
established a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.  The hierarchy 
is summarized as follows:

Level  1 –  Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.  

Level  2  –  Fair  value  determined  using  significant  observable  inputs,  such  as  those  principally  derived 
from or corroborated by observable market data, by correlation or other means.  

Level 3 – Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted 
cash flows, or similar techniques.

GAAP requires the  measurement of certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis, and 
certain other financial and non-financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.  Additionally, GAAP 
requires fair value disclosures for certain assets and liabilities.

There  were  no  recurring  or  nonrecurring  fair  value  measurements  made  in  the  periods  presented  in  the 
accompanying financial statements through October 31, 2022.  The following table presents the carrying 
amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial liabilities as of October 31, 2022 and 2021:

Financial liabilities:
     Line of credit

October 31, 2022

October 31, 2021

Carrying
Amount

Fair Value

Carrying
Amount

Fair Value

$ 

4,500,000 

$ 

4,500,000 

$ 

— 

$ 

— 

The fair value of the Company’s line of credit was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based 
on  management’s  estimates  of  current  market  interest  rates  for  instruments  with  similar  characteristics 
including  remaining  loan  term  and  other  credit  enhancements.  The  Company  classifies  these  inputs  as 
Level 3 inputs.

17

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

7. Related Party Transactions

Cost Reimbursements to Members

The  Company  reimburses  for  approved  costs  and  expenses  incurred  by  the  Manager  and  Limoneira,  or 
their affiliates, on behalf of the Company, including for employees providing services in conjunction with 
development activities for the Project. For the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, $1,925,000, 
$1,597,000  and  $1,533,000,  respectively,  of  such  costs  were  incurred  by  the  Members  on  behalf  of  the 
Company, all of which were capitalized to the Project. During the years ended October 31, 2022, 2021 
and  2020,  certain  additional  reimbursable  employee  costs  of  $89,000,  $119,000,  and  $71,000, 
respectively,  were  incurred  by  the  Company  for  employees  of  the  Manager  providing  services  for  the 
Project  which  were  recorded  as  sales  and  marketing  expenses.  As  of  October  31,  2022  and  2021, 
$147,000 and $51,000, respectively, of such cost reimbursements remained payable by the Company to 
the Members, which are included in due to affiliates on the accompanying balance sheets.  

During  the  years  ended  October  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  received  $14,108,000, 
$3,199,000 and $15,042,000, respectively, in total CFD reimbursement proceeds (Note 8).  Of the amount 
received during the year ended October 31, 2020, $320,000 was remitted to Limoneira related to proceeds 
pertaining  to  adjacent  land  owned  by  Limoneira,  which  was  accounted  for  as  a  reduction  in  CFD 
reimbursements due to and received by the Company.

Additionally,  during  the  year  ended  October  31,  2020,  the  Company  reimbursed  an  affiliate  of  the 
Manager  $1,272,000  for  pre-development  costs  incurred  by  such  affiliate  on  behalf  of  the  Company. 
There were no similar affiliated reimbursements during the year ended October 31, 2022 or 2021.

Retained Land and Infrastructure Cost Reimbursements

In  conjunction  with  Limoneira’s  initial  contribution  of  land  to  the  Company,  certain  additional  land 
(referred to as the “Retained Land”) was legally conveyed to the Company for which Limoneira retained 
beneficial  ownership.  The  land  was  transferred  back  to  Limoneira  in  August  2018  for  no  consideration 
upon recording of a revised tract map that subdivided the Retained Property as a legal parcel.

18

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

7.   Related Party Transactions (continued)

Limoneira has agreed to reimburse the Company for certain allocated infrastructure costs incurred by the 
Company  which  benefit  the  Retained  Property  and  certain  adjacent  real  property  owned  by  Limoneira 
commonly  referred  to  as  East  Area  2,  as  defined  in  the  Retained  Property  Development  Agreement 
between  the  Company  and  Limoneira.  As  of  October  31,  2022,  estimated  such  reimbursements  from 
Limoneira  totaled  $3,378,000  which  is  classified  as  due  from  affiliates  on  the  accompanying  balance 
sheet and is net of related future CFD proceeds attributable to Limoneira.

On  September  28,  2022,  affiliates  of  Lewis  and  Limoneira  formed  a  new  joint  venture  (“LLCB  II”)  to 
acquire  the  Retained  Property  from  Limoneira  for  the  intended  purpose  of  pursuing  entitlements  and 
developing multifamily residential units.  

Leasing Transactions with Related Parties

The  Company  has  agreed  to  lease  two  offices  from  Limoneira  in  two  office  buildings  in  Santa  Paula, 
California.  The  leases  are  month-to-month  leases  at  a  rate  of  $472  and  $1,350  per  month  and  may  be 
terminated by either party with 30 days’ notice.

The Company has agreed to lease property from Limoneira in Santa Paula, California.  The lease is a ten-
year  lease  at  a  rate  of  $250  per  month.    The  Company  can  terminate  the  lease  with  30  days’  notice 
following the 3rd anniversary of the effective date of the lease. 

8.   Commitments and Contingencies

The Company’s commitments and contingencies include the usual litigation and obligations incurred by 
real  estate  owners,  developers  and  operators  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  none  of  which,  in  the 
opinion  of  management,  are  expected  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  financial 
position or results of operations. 

19

LIMONEIRA LEWIS COMMUNITY BUILDERS, LLC
(a Delaware Limited Liability Company)

Notes to Financial Statements (continued)

8.  Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

Although  there  can  be  no  assurance,  the  Company  is  not  aware  of  any  material  environmental  liability 
that  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  its  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations.  However, 
identification  of  contamination  affecting  the  Project,  changes  in  applicable  environmental  laws  and 
regulations,  the  uses  and  conditions  of  properties  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Project,  the  activities  of  entities 
who  may  purchase  from  the  Company  land  within  the  project  and  other  environmental  conditions  of 
which the Company is unaware with respect to the Project could result in future environmental liabilities.

Limoneira  is  required  to  transfer  sufficient  groundwater  production  and/or  water  rights  to  the  City  to 
allow the Company to satisfy the requirements of the Development Agreement and any other groundwater 
protection  and/or  water  rights  required  by  the  City  or  other  governmental  agency  in  connection  with 
existing or future entitlements for the Project.

Currently,  there  are  no  guarantees  by  any  of  the  Members  or  their  affiliates  in  place  on  any  of  the 
obligations of the Company, except as related to the line of credit as described in Note 5. The Company is 
also  required  to  complete  development  obligations  related  to  the  Project  pursuant  to  the  Development 
Agreement as well as pursuant to the terms of contracts with individual homebuilders and other parties.

The Company expects to be reimbursed for certain infrastructure costs it incurs related to the Project from 
the proceeds of bonds to be issued from one or more communities facilities districts (“CFDs”). Through 
October 31, 2022, the Company had received $32,029,000 in net CFD reimbursements. As of October 31, 
2022,  there  were  $34,345,000  in  total  bonds  issued  and  outstanding  by  the  CFDs  associated  with  the 
Project.  These bond obligations are not recorded as liabilities of the Company as the estimated payments 
associated  with  the  bonds  are  not  fixed  and  determinable.    Additionally,  the  Company  is  not  liable  to 
satisfy  shortfalls  in  annual  debt  service  obligations  and  has  not  pledged  assets  or  provided  other  credit 
enhancements in support of the bond obligations.

9.  Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated events subsequent to October 31, 2022 through December 16, 2022, the date 
the  financial  statements  were  available  to  be  issued,  for  their  impact  on  the  financial  statements  and 
disclosures.

20

Corporate Information 
Limoneira Company 

Corporate Information 
Limoneira Company 

Company. 

Shareholder Services 
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Limoneira 
inquiries 
concerning dividend checks, tax statements, 
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Computershare 
c/o Shareholder Services 
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Shareholder website: 
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Shareholder online inquiries: 
www-us.computershare.com/investor/Contact  

Customer Service by Phone: 
Toll-Free (Domestic callers): 1-866-234-1382 
International Callers: 1-201-680-6578 

Please recycle. This annual report is printed 
on recycled paper. 

Headquarters  
1141 Cummings Road 
Santa Paula, CA 93060  

2023 Annual Meeting  
The  Company's  2023  annual  meeting  of 
shareholders will be held on March 21, 2023, 
at 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time at the Agricultural 
Museum  of  Ventura  County,  926  Railroad 
Avenue, Santa Paula, CA 93060. 

Stock Listing 
The  Company's  common  stock  is  listed  on 
the  NASDAQ®  stock  exchange  under  the 
symbol LMNR. 

Investor Relations 
Analysts,  portfolio  managers,  and  other 
investors  seeking  additional 
information 
about  Limoneira  stock  should  contact  John 
Mills,  Partner,  ICR,  685  Third  Avenue,  2nd 
Floor,  New  York,  New  York  10017  P:  (646) 
277-1254,  John.mills@icrinc.com.  Answers 
frequently  addressed 
to 
questions  can  also  be  found  by  visiting 
http://investor.limoneira.com.  

shareholders' 

Customers 
For  assistance  with  Limoneira  Company's 
products  and  services,  please  call  (805)  525-
5541 or visit  www.limoneira.com  for  toll-free 
numbers for specific products and services.  

News Media  
News media seeking information should visit 
www.limoneira.com 
releases, 
presentations,  and  other  items  related  to 
the Company.  

for  news