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Lincoln
Financial Group®
Hello future.SM
Lincoln National Corporation
2006 Annual Report to Shareholders
To Our Shareholders:
The Year in Review
In a year marked by exciting challenges and new opportunities, Lincoln Financial Group demonstrated its ability to grow and
achieve great success. Our employees worked diligently to integrate two great companies, create new reporting structures and align
all our businesses under a single guiding strategy. All this was accomplished while delivering uninterrupted performance across our
retail product lines, reaching our major integration milestones, and reporting record earnings per share.
Strong Financial Performance
• Net income of $1.32 billion, or a record $5.13 per diluted share
•
$29.1 billion in consolidated retail deposits
• Consolidated retail net flows of $6.3 billion
•
•
• Total shareholder return approaches 30 percent and surpasses the S&P 500 by more than 10 percentage points
$15.1 billion and $8.0 billion in full-year institutional deposits and net flows, respectively
$234 billion consolidated assets under management
Our strong earnings and capital position allowed us to return $1.4 billion of capital to shareholders in 2006 through stock
repurchase activity and dividend payments.
Merger Integration Update
We began our merger integration with Jefferson-Pilot Financial and in the process lived up to our promises to investors. The
merger increased our distribution breadth throughout our retail distribution channels. In addition, the merger has expanded our
life and annuity product offerings available to our existing channels, and increased our capital position to support growth. We
added more scale to our operations, and positioned ourselves for growth in the future.
As evidenced by this past year, the growth in net income was positively impacted by the merger, which closed on April 3,
2006. Since the merger, our leadership presence in the life insurance industry has increased in all the channels we serve. Our key
integration accomplishments include appointing our highly experienced leadership team; creating a comprehensive cost system that
provided a financial map of our businesses; developing a uniform and coordinated planning and budgeting process; and beginning
to harmonize compensation and benefits programs.
Retirement Income Security
At Lincoln Financial Group we recognize that individuals go through distinct phases once they “retire.” It is our intent to
help clients do more than create wealth; we provide solutions that give them the means and confidence to embrace their future
through all life’s later transitions. This, we believe, is the greatest opportunity for sustainable, profitable growth for Lincoln and its
advisors.
This strategic intent has been embedded into all of our businesses. The Retirement Income Security Ventures group was
established in 2006 to collaborate across all Lincoln business units to align products, services and other solutions to address the
needs of clients, particularly our target audience of mass affluent boomers. Led by Heather Dzielak, senior vice president, the
group is also engaged in research and development to understand the customer experience.
Branding continues as a key element of our strategy. Our efforts are focused primarily on financial intermediaries and
affluent customers, and this year we recognize the critical importance of building an internal brand culture to ensure that customer-
facing employees deliver the brand experience. We are looking at all our touchpoints to make certain they drive a consistent brand
experience for all employees, intermediaries and customers.
Key Accomplishments
Our corporate strategy was designed to propel the strategies of our business segments and, in turn, drive performance and
leverage the strengths of the merged organization.
Lincoln participates in many markets with multiple products and services. We aim to add market share in each of these, a
goal that was advanced in 2006. Lincoln also laid the groundwork for a larger, more powerful unified product suite to come in
2007.
Lincoln Financial Distributors (LFD)
Terry Mullen was named president of LFD in December. Previously, he was senior vice president and head of Sales for
LFD.
LFD just keeps getting bigger and stronger. With the successful closing of the merger, LFD combined its distribution forces
with 277 external and 202 internal wholesalers. Fifty percent of the 479 wholesalers have more than two years of tenure, which
helps build momentum and create success. Generally, the longer a wholesaler is with one firm, the more productive they become.
We strongly believe that LFD will continue to be the engine of growth for Lincoln. We expect the consistent success of our
unique solutions-based distribution model to drive further gains in market share across all product categories. Additionally, we will
continue to invest in wholesaler expansion to foster business growth and our goal to be the number one distribution firm in the
industry as we deliver on our Retirement Income Security brand promise to all our customers.
Individual Markets
Individual Markets provides individual annuity and life products through two business segments, both led by Mark Konen.
On the annuity side the product suite includes fixed, indexed, and variable annuities that are used as wealth accumulation and
protection vehicles. The Life Insurance segment offers wealth protection and transfer opportunities through term insurance, a
linked-benefit product, which is a universal life insurance policy linked with riders that provide for long-term costs, and both single
and survivorship versions of universal life and variable universal life. This product balance addresses the various phases of the
retirement wealth cycle and positions Lincoln to provide comprehensive solutions.
Individual Annuities
In 2006, we continued to experience success with our first wave of industry-leading Retirement Income Security products.
One clear measure is the elections of the i4LIFE® benefit, which in 2005 surpassed the $1 billion mark, and our 2006 results were
up more than 50 percent. In addition, our Smart Security Advantage gained market acceptance, with elections of this rider totaling
46% of individual variable annuity deposits in 2006.
Individual Life Insurance
In a product line heavily impacted by integration efforts, our distribution and manufacturing organizations remained focused
on new business as illustrated by life insurance sales increasing 9% above combined Lincoln and Jefferson-Pilot results in 2005.
We remain committed to maintaining appropriate risk management and pricing discipline despite the competitive environment that
existed in 2006.
Employer Markets
In conjunction with integrating Lincoln and Jefferson-Pilot, we created a new Employer Markets business unit under the
leadership of Wes Thompson who was named president. He was formerly the chief executive officer and president of LFD.
The creation of this business unit allows us to better capitalize on the success we have already achieved in this marketplace,
including more than $35 billion in assets under management and administration, and on trends in defined benefit plans. These
trends include a decline in defined benefit pension plans and an increase in voluntary defined contribution plans, such as 401(k)s
and 403(b)s, and similar trends toward voluntary group life and disability, giving way to a convergence of distribution strategies.
During 2006, we saw positive flows in the defined contribution arena. Also, the leadership team sought opportunities to
capitalize on revenue synergies by leveraging our group life, disability and dental business products with our defined contribution
platform for a single employer solution. We also believe that the provisions in the Pension Protection Act of 2006 will also add
growth opportunities for Employer Markets. Lincoln is committed to investing in this high-potential business to capitalize on
these opportunities.
Lincoln Financial Network (LFN)
Bob Dineen continues as president of LFN. The structure he developed after the merger was announced – with emphasis
on growth and recruiting, service and value of affiliation, and risk management – is a success as LFN has emerged with a larger,
more diverse and powerful producer force of 4,000 and relationships with more than 10,000 general agents around the country.
Building upon the foundation of a strong unified product portfolio, tremendous advisor support and continued investment for
growth, LFN is well-positioned for a successful 2007.
Investment Management
The Investment Management segment has experienced exceptional momentum during the past few years, and 2006 was no
exception. The segment experienced strong deposits and net flows, despite the closing of two highly successful strategies early in
2006 due to capacity constraints. Total net flows at year-end 2006 as a percentage of assets under management at the beginning of
the year were 12%, among the highest in the industry.
Patrick Coyne, a 17-year veteran of Delaware Investments with expertise in managing both fixed income and equity teams
and portfolios, was named president of Delaware Investments in 2006. Pat has been an integral part of attracting many new
investment teams to Delaware Investments throughout the past few years. In 2006, we expanded our in-house capabilities with a
new Emerging Markets team.
Delaware Investments is attracting a great deal of attention from the industry as one of the top managers of retail mutual
funds and institutional assets. Delaware Investments received a #4 ranking in the 2006 Best Mutual-Fund Families, published in
the February 5, 2007 issue of Barron’s, and ahead of many of our better-known competitors. This is the second time in four years
that the Delaware Family of Funds has been ranked at #4. We are confident that Delaware Investments will continue to
experience strong growth across all asset classes and product lines.
Lincoln United Kingdom (Lincoln UK)
Michael Tallett-Williams, president and managing director, leads Lincoln’s effort in the United Kingdom.
In 2006, we saw the continuation of stable results for Lincoln UK. The focus of retaining customers through good service
remains, and this led to the highest ever results from our customer satisfaction surveys. It is also reflected in excellent customer
retention statistics in a year when there was an unusually high burden of legislative changes.
Looking forward, Lincoln UK has developed and is now starting to build a program to deliver a Retirement Income
capability in the U.K. This is an exciting opportunity building on the products and knowledge developed in the U.S. and the
market knowledge and delivery capability existing in the U.K.
Lincoln Financial Media
In 2006, this segment experienced the ramifications of the market conditions as domestic car sales and rising home mortgage
rates caused advertisers to reduce their budgets. However, overall, we were pleased with Lincoln Financial Media’s results.
Our People and Community
An organization is only as good as its people, and we built our company on a foundation of talented and diverse employees.
Credit for our 2006 accomplishments is owed to our exceptional team of more than 10,000 professionals who executed flawlessly
in 2006 to meet and exceed our customers’ expectations. It is through the leadership of our “A” players that we are able to achieve
higher standards of performance for our customers, shareholders and communities.
Lincoln was honored by Working Mother magazine by becoming part of their Hall of Fame. The new “Hall of Fame” list
recognizes companies named as a “100 Best Companies for Working Mothers” at least 15 times in the 20-year history of the
Magazine’s listing.
Lincoln was listed on the “Business Committee for the Arts (BCA) Ten 2006” as one of the “Best Companies Supporting the
Arts in America.” BCA and FORBES magazine are the sponsors of this recognition program, which honors companies each year
for their exceptional support of the arts across the United States.
We take our responsibility to our shareholders very seriously, and we view our responsibility to our communities in the same
manner. We firmly believe that our commitment to being a responsible corporate citizen benefits all stakeholders and helps to
deliver solid results to our shareholders.
Lincoln Financial Foundation and Jefferson-Pilot Foundation merged to become Lincoln Financial Foundation. Last year,
the combined foundations contributed more than $12 million to support human services, educational, and arts and sciences
organizations located in regions where Lincoln has a presence.
In 2006, Lincoln Financial Foundation also contributed in excess of $1 million to United Way agencies across the country
where our employees work. Our employees donated nearly $1 million to the United Way in workplace campaigns.
The Year Ahead
Growth remains our number one goal for 2007. Skeptics say companies cannot grow when they are completing a merger.
However, we proved them wrong in 2006 and intend to do so again in 2007. Our challenge for this year is to build upon our
inherent strengths – our market presence, customer focus, growth and solid fundamentals.
We enter 2007 stronger than ever before and more optimistic in our ability to drive our business forward, enabling us to
provide strong results to our customers and shareholders. In closing, we thank our customers for their business, our investors for
their confidence, our shareholders for their encouragement, and our “A” players for their commitment to our company’s success.
We are grateful for your trust and support as we continue our intent to be the Retirement Income Security Company.
Sincerely,
Jon A. Boscia
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
March 1, 2007
Forward-Looking Statement – Cautionary Language – Statements in this letter that are not historical facts are forward-looking
statements. Actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking
Statements – Cautionary Language” beginning on page 38 and “Risk Factors” beginning on page 26.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
⌧
(cid:133)
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number 1-6028
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Indiana
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
1500 Market Street, Suite 3900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
(Address of principal executive offices)
35-1140070
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
19102-2112
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (215) 448-1400
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Common Stock
$3.00 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A
6.75% Capital Securities
6.75% Trust Preferred Securities, Series F*
Name of each exchange on which registered
New York and Chicago
New York and Chicago
New York
New York
* Issued by Lincoln National Capital VI. Payments of distributions and payments on liquidation or redemption are guaranteed by
Lincoln National Corporation.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes ⌧ No (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes (cid:133) No ⌧
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act. (Check one) Large accelerated filer ⌧ Accelerated filer (cid:133) Non-accelerated filer (cid:133)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act) Yes (cid:133) No ⌧
The aggregate market value of the shares of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates (based upon the closing price of
these shares on the New York Stock Exchange) as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal
quarter was $15.8 billion.
As of February 23, 2007, 276,809,426 shares of common stock of the registrant were outstanding.
Selected portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders, scheduled for May 10, 2007 have been
incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
Documents Incorporated by Reference:
Item
1.
Business
Lincoln National Corporation
Table of Contents
PART I
Overview
Business Segments and Other Operations:
Individual Markets – Annuities
Individual Markets – Life Insurance
Employer Markets – Retirement Products
Employer Markets – Group Protection
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other Operations
Reinsurance
Reserves
Investments
Ratings
Regulatory
Employees
Available Information
1A. Risk Factors
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
2.
3.
4.
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Executive Officers of Registrant
PART II
5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
6.
7.
Forward-Looking Statements—Cautionary Language
Introduction
Executive Summary
Recent Developments
Critical Accounting Policies
Equity Market Guidance
Results of Consolidated Operations
Consolidated Results
Results of Operations by Segment
Individual Markets – Annuities
Individual Markets – Life Insurance
Employer Markets – Retirement Products
Employer Markets – Group Protection
i
Page
1
1
3
7
11
12
14
16
17
18
19
20
20
20
22
26
26
26
33
33
33
34
34
36
37
38
38
40
40
42
42
49
51
51
55
55
62
67
75
Item
Results of Operations by Segment - continued
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other Operations
Consolidated Investments
Reinsurance
Review of Consolidated Financial Condition
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Shareholders’ Equity
Other Matters
Other Factors Affecting Our Business
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Restructuring Activities
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
8.
9.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
9A. Controls and Procedures
9B. Other Information
10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
11. Executive Compensation
PART III
12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
PART IV
15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Signatures
Index to Financial Statement Schedules
Index to Exhibits
Page
77
80
83
84
86
95
97
97
104
104
104
104
104
104
106
113
184
184
185
186
186
186
187
187
188
189
FS-1
E-1
ii
PART I
The “Business” section and other parts of this Form 10-K contain forward-looking statements that involve inherent risks
and uncertainties. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, and containing
words such as “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects” or similar words are forward-looking statements. Our actual results
may differ materially from the projected results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such
differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in “Item 1A—Risk Factors” and in the “Cautionary Statements” in
“Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (“MD&A”).
Item 1. Business
OVERVIEW
Lincoln National Corporation (“LNC” which also may be referred to as “we”, “our” or “us”) is a holding company, which
operates multiple insurance and investment management businesses as well as broadcasting and sports programming business
through subsidiary companies. Through our business segments, we sell a wide range of wealth protection, accumulation and
retirement income products and solutions. These products include institutional and/or retail fixed and indexed annuities, variable
annuities, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, term life insurance, mutual funds and managed accounts. LNC
was organized under the laws of the state of Indiana in 1968, and maintains its principal executive offices in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. “Lincoln Financial Group” is the marketing name for LNC and its subsidiary companies. At December 31, 2006,
LNC had consolidated assets of $178.5 billion and consolidated shareholders’ equity of $12.2 billion.
On April 3, 2006, Jefferson-Pilot Corporation, a financial services and broadcasting holding company, merged with and into
one of our wholly owned subsidiaries. As a result of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we provide products and services in five
operating businesses and report results through seven business segments, as follows:
(1) Individual Markets, which includes the Individual Annuities and Individual Life Insurance segments,
(2) Employer Markets, which includes the Retirement Products and Group Protection segments,
(3) Investment Management, which is an operating business and segment,
(4) Lincoln UK, which is an operating business and segment, and
(5) Lincoln Financial Media, which is an operating business and segment.
We also have “Other Operations,” which includes the financial data for operations that are not directly related to the
business segments, unallocated corporate items (such as investment income on investments related to the amount of statutory
surplus in our insurance subsidiaries that is not allocated to our business units and other corporate investments, interest expense on
short-term and long-term borrowings, and certain expenses, including restructuring and merger-related expenses) and the historical
results of the former reinsurance segment, which was sold to Swiss Re Life & Health America Inc. (“Swiss Re”) in the fourth
quarter of 2001, along with the ongoing amortization of deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with
Swiss Re.
Prior to our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we had four business segments: 1) Lincoln Retirement, 2) Life Insurance, 3)
Investment Management and 4) Lincoln UK. We also had an “Other Operations” category that included the financial data for the
operations of Lincoln Financial Network (“LFN”) and Lincoln Financial Distributors (“LFD”), our retail and wholesale
distributors, and for operations that were not directly related to the business segments, unallocated corporate items (such as
corporate investment income, interest expense on short-term and long-term borrowings and other expenses), and the historical
results of the former reinsurance segment, which was sold to Swiss Re, along with the ongoing amortization of deferred gain on
the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with Swiss Re.
LFD distributes our individual products and services primarily through brokers, planners, agents and other intermediaries.
Lincoln’s Employer Markets group and retirement sales specialists distribute our employer products and services primarily through
financial advisors, employee benefit brokers, third party administrators, and other employee benefit firms. LFN offers LNC and
non-proprietary products and advisory services through a national network of approximately 3,800 full-time financial planners and
advisors, along with more than 11,000 general agents, all operating under multiple affiliation models and open architecture.
Distribution results are now reflected in the individual business segments.
Financial information in the tables that follow is presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America (“GAAP”), unless otherwise indicated. Because we have changed the composition of our segments as a
1
result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, we have restated prior periods’ segment financial information to conform to the 2006
presentation. We provide revenues, income (loss) from operations and assets attributable to each of our business segments and
Other Operations as well as revenues derived inside and outside the U.S. for the last three fiscal years in Note 12 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
Our revenues by segment for each of the last three fiscal years were as follows:
(in millions)
Revenue
Segment operating revenue
Individual Markets
Annuities
Life Insurance
Total Individual Markets
Employer Markets
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Total Employer Markets
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other operations
Net realized investment results
Reserve development net of related amortization
on business sold through reinsurance
Total
Acquisitions and Divestitures
2006
2005
2004
$
2,161
3,256
5,417
$
1,422
1,911
3,333
$
1,335
1,863
3,198
1,360
1,032
2,392
564
308
188
196
(3)
1,175
-
1,175
475
318
-
175
(3)
1,133
-
1,133
491
342
-
109
77
1
9,063
$
2
5,475
$
1
5,351
$
As stated above, on April 3, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, pursuant to which Jefferson-Pilot merged
into one of our wholly owned subsidiaries. Jefferson-Pilot, through its subsidiaries, offered full lines of individual life, annuity and
investment products, and group life insurance products, disability income and dental policies, and it operated television and radio
stations.
In September 2004, we completed the sale of our London-based international investment unit, Delaware International
Advisors Ltd. (“DIAL”), to a newly-formed company associated with DIAL’s management and a private-equity firm. At closing,
we received $181 million in cash and relief of certain obligations of approximately $19 million. We had an after-tax gain from the
transaction of $46 million. DIAL, which has since been renamed Mondrian, continues to provide sub-advisory services with
respect to certain international asset classes for our Investment Management segment and LNC.
For further information about acquisitions and divestitures, see “Acquisitions and Divestitures” in the MD&A and Notes 3
and 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Branding
Branding is a key element of our strategy. Our branding efforts are focused on two primary target audiences: financial
intermediaries where we work to build brand familiarity and affluent consumers (top 11% of the population) where we work to
build name awareness.
In 2006, we continued to build our brand on a national basis through an integrated package of consumer print and television,
trade print and Internet advertising; sponsorships; and marketing, public relations and promotional events. As a result, we believe
that our awareness among our financial intermediary and targeted-consumer audiences remained strong.
We recognize that our brand embodies the experience our customers have with us. Steps were taken in 2006 to identify and
closely link the various channels of brand including customer touchpoint areas, Marketing, Advertising, Public Affairs, Investor
Relations, Government Relations, Community Relations, Corporate Communications and affiliated media companies. Major
2
brand initiatives across these channels include a customer touchpoint audit, an internal brand campaign that targets customer-
facing employees, and a media campaign. These efforts are focused on Retirement Income Security.
BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND OTHER OPERATIONS
INDIVIDUAL MARKETS
The Individual Markets business provides its products through two segments: Individual Annuities and Individual Life
Insurance. The Individual Annuities segment provides tax-deferred investment growth and lifetime income opportunities for its
clients by offering individual fixed annuities, including indexed annuities, and variable annuities. The Individual Annuities segment
also offers broker-dealer services through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Individual Life Insurance segment offers wealth
protection and transfer opportunities through both single and survivorship versions of universal life, variable universal life, and
term insurance, as well as a linked-benefit product, which is a universal life insurance policy linked with riders that provide for
long-term care costs.
Individual Annuities
The Individual Annuities segment, with principal operations in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and Hartford, Connecticut, and
additional operations in Greensboro, North Carolina and Concord, New Hampshire, provides tax-deferred investment growth and
lifetime income opportunities for its clients by offering fixed and variable annuities. As a result of a broad product portfolio and a
strong and diverse distribution network, we ranked 7th in assets and 5th in individual contract variable annuity sales for the year
ended December 31, 2006 in the United States, according to Variable Annuity Research and Data Services (“VARDS”).
The Individual Annuities segment offers non-qualified and qualified fixed and variable annuities to individuals. The “fixed”
and “variable” classification describes whether we or the policyholders bear the investment risk of the assets supporting the
contract. This also determines the manner in which we earn investment margin profits from these products, either as investment
spreads for fixed products or as asset-based fees charged to variable products.
Annuities are attractive because they provide tax-deferred growth in the underlying principal, thereby deferring the tax
consequences of the growth in value until withdrawals are made from the accumulation values, often at lower tax rates occurring
during retirement. In addition to favorable tax treatment, annuities are unique in that contract holders can select a variety of
payout alternatives to help provide an income flow for life. The individual annuities market has seen an increase in competition
along with new product types and promotion. The guarantee features (living, income and death benefits) offered within an annuity
are not found in any other investment vehicle, and, we believe, make annuities attractive even in times of economic uncertainty.
Products
In general, an annuity is a contract between an insurance company and an individual or group in which the insurance
company, after receipt of one or more contributions, agrees to pay an amount of money either in one lump sum or on a periodic
basis (i.e., annually, semi-annually, quarterly, or monthly), beginning on a certain date and continuing for a period of time as
specified in the contract. Such payments can begin within twelve months after the contribution is received (referred to as an
immediate annuity) or at a future date in time (referred to as a deferred annuity). This retirement vehicle helps protect an
individual from outliving his or her money and can be either a fixed annuity or a variable annuity.
3
The Individual Annuities segment’s deposits for the periods indicated were as follows:
Year Ended December 31 (in millions)
Individual Annuities:
Variable portion of variable annuity deposits
Fixed portion of variable annuity deposits
Total variable annuity deposits
Indexed annuity deposits
Fixed annuity deposits
Total annuity deposits
Variable Annuities
2006
2005
2004
$
$
$
7,251
2,090
9,341
717
698
10,756
5,539
1,871
7,410
-
118
7,528
4,344
1,656
6,000
-
498
6,498
$
$
$
A variable annuity provides the contract holder the ability to direct the investment of deposits into one or more sub-accounts
offered through the product (“variable portion”) or into a fixed account with a guaranteed return (“fixed portion”). The value of
the variable portion of the contract holder’s account varies with the performance of the underlying sub-accounts chosen by the
contract holder. The underlying assets of the sub-accounts are managed within a special insurance series of funds, similar to
mutual funds. The contract holder’s return is tied to the performance of the segregated assets underlying the variable annuity, i.e.
the contract holder bears the investment risk associated with these investments, except for the impact of guaranteed benefit
features. The value of the fixed portion is guaranteed by us and recorded in our general account liabilities. Account values of
variable annuities for individual business were $51.8 billion, $41.6 billion and $34.8 billion for the years ended December 31, 2006,
2005 and 2004, including the fixed portions of variable accounts of $3.6 billion, $3.9 billion and $4.1 billion, respectively.
We charge mortality and expense assessments on variable annuity accounts to cover insurance and administrative charges.
These assessments are built into accumulation unit values, which when multiplied by the number of units owned for any sub-
account equals the contract holder’s account value for that sub-account. The fees that we earn from these policies are reported as
insurance fees on the income statement. In addition, for some contracts, we collect surrender charges that range from 0% to 10%
of withdrawals—generally higher during the early years of a contract—when contract holders surrender their contracts during the
surrender charge period. Our individual variable annuity products have a maximum surrender charge period of ten years.
We offer A-share, B-share, C-share, L-share, and bonus variable annuities, although not with every annuity product. The
differences in A, B, C, L, and bonus shares relate to the sales charge and fee structure associated with the contract.
• An A-share has a front-end sales charge and no back-end contingent deferred sales charge, also known as a surrender
charge. The net premium (premium less front-end charge) is invested in the contract, resulting in full liquidity and lower
mortality and expense assessments over the long term than those in other share classes.
• A B-share has a seven-year surrender charge that is only paid if the account is surrendered or withdrawals are in excess
of contractual free withdrawals within the contract’s specified surrender charge period. The entire premium is invested
in the contract, but it offers limited liquidity during the surrender charge period.
• A C-share has no front-end sales charge or back-end surrender charge. Accordingly, it offers maximum liquidity but
mortality and expense assessments are higher than those for A- or B-shares. It offers a persistency credit in year eight to
revert pricing to B-share levels.
• An L-share has a four to five year contingent deferred sales charge that is only paid if the account is surrendered or
withdrawals are in excess of contractual free withdrawals within the contract’s specified surrender charge period. The
differences between the L-share and the B-share are the length of the surrender charge period and the fee structure. L-
shares have a shorter surrender charge period, so for the added liquidity, mortality and expense assessments are higher.
We offer L-share annuity products with persistency credits beginning in years five or eight to revert pricing back to B-
share levels.
• A bonus annuity is a variable annuity contract that offers a bonus credit to a contract based on a specified percentage
(typically ranging from 2% to 5%) of each deposit. The entire premium plus the bonus are invested in the sub-accounts
supporting the contract. It has a seven to nine-year contingent deferred sales charge. The expenses are slightly more
than those for a B-share. We also offer bonus annuity products with persistency credits beginning in years eight or
fifteen to revert bonus pricing back to B-share pricing levels.
4
Certain of our variable annuity products offer guaranteed benefit features, such as a guaranteed minimum death benefit
(“GMDB”), a guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (“GMWB”), a guaranteed income benefit (“GIB”) and a combination of
such benefits. Most of our variable annuity products also offer the choice of a fixed option that provides for guaranteed interest
credited to the account value.
Approximately 91%, 90% and 96% of variable annuity separate account values had a GMDB feature at December 31, 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively. The GMDB features include those where we contractually guarantee to the contract holder that upon
death, we will return no less than (a) the total deposits made to the contract less any partial withdrawals, (b) the total deposits made
to the contract less any partial withdrawals plus a minimum return, or (c) the highest contract value on a specified anniversary date
minus any partial withdrawals following the contract anniversary.
The Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage benefit is a GMWB feature that offers the contract holder a guarantee equal to the
initial deposit (or contract value, if elected after issue), adjusted for any subsequent purchase payments or withdrawals. There are
two elective step-up options: a one-year option and a five-year option. In general, the one-year option allows an owner to step up
the guarantee automatically on the benefit anniversary, and the five-year option allows the owner to step up the guarantee amount
on or after the fifth anniversary of the election or of the most recent step up. In each case, the contract value must be greater than
the initial deposit at the time of step up. To receive the full amount of the guarantee, annual withdrawals are limited to either 5%
of the guaranteed amount for the one-year option or 7% of the guaranteed amount for the five-year option. Withdrawals in excess
of the applicable maximum in any contract year are assessed any applicable surrender charges, and the guaranteed amount is
recalculated. Approximately 26%, 21% and 12% of variable annuity account values at the end of 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively, had elected a GMWB feature.
We offer other product riders including i4LIFE® Advantage and 4LaterSM Advantage. The i4LIFE® feature, on which we
have received a U.S. patent, allows variable annuity contract holders access and control during the income distribution phase of
their contract. This added flexibility allows the contract holder to access the account value for transfers, additional withdrawals,
and other service features like portfolio rebalancing. In general, GIB is an optional feature available with i4LIFE® Advantage that
guarantees regular income payments will not fall below 75% of the highest income payment on a specified anniversary date
(reduced for any subsequent withdrawals). Approximately 83%, 72% and 48% of i4LIFE® Advantage account values elected the
GIB feature in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Approximately 6%, 4% and 2% of variable annuity account values at the end of
2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, have elected an i4LIFE® feature. 4LaterSM Advantage provides a minimum income base used
to determine the GIB floor when a client begins income payments under i4LIFE® Advantage. The income base is equal to the
initial deposit (or contract value, if elected after issue) and increases by 15% every three years (subject to a 200% cap). The owner
may step up the income base on or after the third anniversary of rider election or of the most recent step-up (which also resets the
200% cap).
To mitigate the increased risks associated with guaranteed benefits, we developed a dynamic hedging program. The
customized dynamic hedging program uses equity and interest rate futures positions as well as equity-based options depending
upon the risks underlying the guarantees. Our program is designed to offset both positive and negative changes in the carrying
value of the guarantees. However, while we actively manage these hedge positions, the hedge positions may not be effective to
exactly offset the changes in the carrying value of the guarantees due to, among other things, the time lag between changes in their
values and corresponding changes in the hedge positions, extreme swings in the equity markets, contract holder behavior, and
divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and hedging indices. For more information on our hedging program,
see “Critical Accounting Policies—Insurance and Investment Contract Obligations” of the MD&A. For information regarding
risks related to guaranteed benefits, see “Item 1A--Risk Factors” below.
Fixed Annuities
A fixed annuity preserves the principal value of the contract while guaranteeing a minimum interest rate to be credited to the
accumulation value. We offer single and flexible premium fixed deferred annuities to the individual annuities market. Single
premium fixed deferred annuities are contracts that allow only a single contribution to be made. Flexible premium fixed deferred
annuities are contracts that allow multiple contributions on either a scheduled or non-scheduled basis. Our fixed annuities include
both traditional fixed-rate and fixed indexed annuities. With fixed deferred annuities, the contract holder has the right to surrender
the contract and receive the current accumulation value less any applicable surrender charge and, if applicable, a market value
adjustment (MVA).
Fixed indexed annuities allow the contract holder to elect an interest rate linked to the performance of the S&P 500 Index.
The indexed interest rate is guaranteed never to be less than zero. Our fixed indexed annuities provide contract holders a choice of
a traditional fixed-rate account and one or more different indexed accounts. A contract holder may elect to change their
5
allocations at renewal dates, either annually or biannually. At each renewal date, we have the opportunity to re-price the indexed
component (i.e. reset the caps, spreads, or participation rates), subject to minimum guarantees.
Fixed annuity contracts are general account obligations. We bear the investment risk for fixed annuity contracts. To protect
from premature withdrawals, we impose surrender charges. Surrender charges are typically applicable during the early years of the
annuity contract, with a declining level of surrender charges over time. We expect to earn a spread between what we earn on the
underlying general account investments supporting the fixed annuity product line and what we credit to our fixed annuity contract
holders’ accounts. In addition, with respect to fixed indexed annuities, we purchase options that are highly correlated to the
indexed account allocation decisions of our contract holders, such that we are closely hedged with respect to indexed interest for
the current reset period. For more information on our hedging program for fixed indexed annuities, see “Critical Accounting
Policies” of the MD&A.
Individual fixed annuity account values were $14.9 billion, $6.9 billion and $7.3 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.
Approximately $11.2 billion, $4.6 billion and $4.8 billion of individual fixed annuity account values at December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004, respectively, were still within the surrender charge period. However, certain fixed annuities allow window periods during
which contract holders can withdraw their funds without incurring a surrender charge. For example, our Step Five® Fixed Annuity
has a sixty-day window period following each five-year fixed guarantee period. Crediting rates for each subsequent five-year fixed
guarantee period are set at the beginning of the window period. During the window period, account holders can withdraw their
funds without incurring a surrender charge. Account values for this type of product were $3.6 billion, $2.8 billion and $2.8 billion
at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, with approximately $1.4 billion of account values entering the window period during 2007.
Our fixed annuity product offerings as of December 31, 2006 consist of traditional fixed-rate and fixed indexed deferred
annuities. We also offer fixed-rate immediate annuities with various payment options, including lifetime incomes. The traditional
fixed-rate deferred annuity products include the Lincoln Select and ChoicePlus Fixed and the Jefferson-Pilot Classic (Single and
Flexible Premium) annuities. The fixed indexed deferred annuity products include the Jefferson-Pilot OptiPoint, OptiChoice, New
Directions and FuturePoint annuities. The fixed indexed annuities offer one or more of the following indexed accounts:
• The Performance Triggered Indexed Account pays a specified rate, declared at the beginning of the indexed term, if the
S&P 500 value at the end of the indexed term is the same or greater than the S&P 500 value at the beginning of the
indexed term.
• The Point to Point Indexed Account compares the value of the S&P 500 at the end of the indexed term to the S&P 500
value at the beginning of the term. If the S&P 500 at the end of the indexed term is higher than the S&P 500 value at
the beginning of the term, then the percentage change, up to the declared indexed interest cap, is credited to the indexed
account.
• The Monthly Cap Indexed Account reflects the monthly changes in the S&P 500 value over the course of the indexed
term. Each month, the percentage change in the S&P 500 value is calculated, subject to a monthly indexed cap that is
declared at the beginning of the indexed term. At the end of the indexed term, all of the monthly change percentages
are summed to determine the rate of indexed interest that will be credited to the account.
• The Monthly Average Indexed Account compares the average monthly value of the S&P 500 to the S&P 500 value at
the beginning of the term. The average of the S&P 500 values at the end of each of the twelve months in the indexed
term is calculated. The percentage change of the average S&P 500 value to the starting S&P 500 value is calculated.
From that amount, the indexed interest spread, which is declared at the beginning of the indexed term, is subtracted.
The resulting rate is used to calculate the indexed interest that will be credited to the account.
If the S&P 500 values produce a negative indexed interest rate, no indexed interest is credited to the indexed account.
Many of our fixed annuities have a market value adjustment (MVA). If a contract with an MVA is surrendered during the
surrender charge period, both a surrender charge and an MVA may be applied. The MVA feature increases or decreases the
contract value of the annuity based on a decrease or increase in interest rates. Individual fixed annuities with an MVA feature
constituted 24%, 11% and 12% of total fixed annuity account values at the end of 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Distribution
The Individual Annuities segment distributes all its individual fixed and variable annuity products through LFD, our
wholesaling distribution organization. LFD’s distribution channels give the Individual Annuities segment access to its target
6
markets. LFD distributes the segment’s products to a large number of financial intermediaries, including LFN. The financial
intermediaries include wire/regional firms, independent financial planners, financial institutions and managing general agents.
Competition
The annuities market is very competitive and consists of many companies, with no one company dominating the market for
all products. The Individual Annuities segment competes with numerous other financial services companies. The main factors
upon which entities in this market compete are distribution channel access and the quality of wholesalers, investment performance,
cost, product features, speed to market, brand recognition, financial strength ratings, crediting rates, and client service.
We believe that the Individual Annuities segment’s high service levels help it to compete in the annuities market. It tracks
the amount of time in which calls to the center are answered as well as the average response time to customer queries. Further, the
segment tracks the turnaround time for various customer services such as processing of applications.
The Individual Annuities segment attempts to design products that meet the needs of clients in its markets. The speed in
which the segment’s products reach the market is, from concept of the product to launch, six to nine months. Over the last five
years, the segment has announced several new products and product features to market in response to the evolving nature of the
annuities market.
Individual Life Insurance
The Individual Life Insurance segment, with principal operations in Greensboro, North Carolina, and Hartford, Connecticut,
with additional operations in Concord, New Hampshire and Fort Wayne, Indiana, focuses on the creation and protection of wealth
for its clients through the manufacturing of life insurance products. The Individual Life Insurance segment primarily offers both
single and survivorship versions of universal life (“UL”), variable universal life (“VUL”), and term insurance. The segment also
offers a linked-benefit product, MoneyGuard®, which is a universal life insurance policy linked with riders that provide
reimbursement for long-term care costs.
The life insurance operation primarily targets the mass affluent to high net worth markets, defined as households with at least
$2,000,000 of net worth or more. For those individual policies we sold in 2006, the average face amount (excluding term and
MoneyGuard®) was $803,000 and average first year premiums paid were approximately $17,000.
Products
The Individual Life Insurance segment sells primarily interest/market-sensitive products (UL and VUL) and term products.
The segment’s sales (as defined below) for the prior three years were as follows:
Year Ended December 31 (in millions)
Universal Life excluding MoneyGuard®
MoneyGuard®:
Total Universal Life
Variable Universal Life
Whole Life
Term
Total
2006
2005
2004
$
437
$
192
$
178
31
468
61
2
40
571
$
34
226
42
2
33
303
$
37
215
34
2
41
292
$
UL, VUL, and MoneyGuard® sales represent target premium plus 5% of excess premium (including adjustments for internal
replacements at 50%); whole life and term sales throughout the presentation represent 100% of first year paid premium.
Due to some seasonality, we generally have higher sales in the second half of the year than in the first half of the year.
Approximately 41%, 46% and 48% of total sales were in the first half of 2006, 2005 and 2004, with the remainder occurring in the
second half of the year for the same periods.
7
In addition, the following table shows life policies’ face amount in-force.
At December 31 (in millions)
In Force-Face Amount
Universal Life and Other
Term Insurance
Total in-force
Face Amount In-force
2005
2004
2006
$
$
267,228
234,148
501,376
$
$
128,792
187,849
316,641
$
$
125,043
172,459
297,502
Mortality margins, morbidity margins (for MoneyGuard®), investment margins (through spreads or fees), net expense charges
(expense charges assessed to the policyholder less expenses incurred to manage the business) and surrender fees drive life insurance
profits. Mortality margins represent the difference between amounts charged to the customer to cover the mortality risk and the
actual cost of reinsurance and death benefits paid. Mortality charges are either specifically deducted from the contract holder’s
policy account value (i.e. cost of insurance assessments or “COI’s”) or are embedded in the premiums charged to the customer. In
either case, these amounts are a function of the rates priced into the product and level of insurance in-force (less reserves
previously set aside to fund benefits). Insurance in-force, in turn, is driven by sales, persistency, and mortality experience.
Similar to the annuity product classifications described above, life products can be classified as “fixed” or “variable”
contracts. This classification describes whether we or the policyholders bear the investment risk of the assets supporting the
policy. This also determines the manner in which we earn investment margin profits from these products, either as investment
spreads for fixed products or as asset-based fees charged to variable products.
We offer four categories of life insurance products consisting of:
Fixed Life Insurance (primarily UL): Fixed life insurance products provide life insurance with account (cash) values that earn
rates of return based on company-declared interest rates. Policyholder account values are invested in our general account
investment portfolio, so we bear the risk of investment performance. Some of our UL contracts include secondary guarantees,
which are explained more fully later in the document.
In a UL contract, policyholders have flexibility in the timing and amount of premium payments and the amount of death
benefit, provided there is sufficient account value to cover all policy charges for mortality and expenses for the coming period.
Under certain policyholder options and market conditions, the death benefit amount may increase or decrease. Premiums received
on a UL product, net of expense loads and charges, are added to the policyholder’s account value. The client has access to their
account value (or a portion thereof) through contractual liquidity features such as loans, partial withdrawals, and full surrenders.
Loans and withdrawals reduce the death benefit amount and are limited to certain contractual maximums (some of which are
required under state law), and interest is charged on all loans. Our UL contracts assess surrender charges against the policies’
account values for full or partial face amount surrenders that occur during the contractual surrender charge period. Depending on
the product selected, surrender charge periods can range from 0 to 20 years.
We manage investment margins (i.e. the difference between the rate the portfolio earns compared to the rate that is credited
to the customer) by seeking to maximize current yields, in line with asset/liability and risk management targets, while crediting a
competitive rate to the customer. Crediting rates are typically subject to guaranteed minimums specified in the underlying life
insurance contract. Fixed life account values (excluding VUL) were $21.9 billion, $11.8 billion and $11.2 billion at December 31,
2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Linked Benefit Life Products: Linked benefit products combine fixed life insurance with long-term care insurance through the
use of riders. The first rider allows the policyholder to accelerate their death benefit on a tax-free basis in the event of a qualified
long-term care need. The second rider extends the long-term care insurance benefits for an additional period of time if the death
benefit is fully depleted for the purposes of long-term care. If the long-term care benefits are never used, the policy provides a tax-
free death benefit to the policyholder’s heirs. Linked benefit products generate earnings through investment, mortality, and
morbidity margins. Our linked benefit product is called MoneyGuard®.
Variable Universal Life Insurance (VUL): VUL products are UL products that provide a return on account values linked to an
underlying investment portfolio of sub-accounts offered through the product. The value of the policyholder’s account varies with
the performance of the sub-accounts chosen by the policyholder. The underlying assets of the sub-accounts are managed within a
special insurance series of funds. Premiums, net of expense loads and charges for mortality and expenses, received on VUL
products are invested according to the policyholder’s investment option selection. As the return on the investment portfolio
increases or decreases, the account value of the variable universal life policy will increase or decrease. As with fixed UL products,
8
policyholders have access, within contractual maximums, to account values through loans, withdrawals, and surrenders. Surrender
charges are assessed during the surrender charge period, ranging from 0 to 20 years depending on the product. The investment
choices we offer in VUL products are the same, in most cases, as the investment choices offered in our individual variable annuity
contracts.
In addition, VUL products offer a fixed account option that is managed by us. Investment risk is borne by the customer on
all but the fixed account option. We charge fees for mortality costs and administrative expenses as well as asset-based investment
management fees. VUL account values were $4.6 billion, $2.2 billion and $2.0 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
Term Life Insurance: Term life insurance provides a fixed death benefit for a scheduled period of time. It usually does not offer
cash values. Scheduled policy premiums are required to be paid at least annually. Products offering a Return of Premium benefit
payable at the end of a specified period have been offered since March 2005.
As mentioned previously, we offer survivorship versions of our individual UL and VUL products. These products insure
two lives with a single policy and pay death benefits upon the second death.
Sales results continue to be heavily influenced by the series of universal life products with secondary guarantees. A UL policy
with a secondary guarantee can stay in force, even if the base policy account value is zero, as long as secondary guarantee
requirements have been met. The secondary guarantee requirement is based on the evaluation of a reference value within the
policy, calculated in a manner similar to the base policy account value, but using different assumptions as to expense charges, COI
charges, and credited interest. The assumptions for the secondary guarantee requirement are listed in the contract. As long as the
policyholder funds the policy to a level that keeps this calculated reference value positive, the death benefit will be guaranteed. The
reference value has no actual monetary value to the policyholder; it is only a calculated value used to determine whether or not the
policy will lapse should the base policy account value be less than zero.
Unlike other guaranteed death benefit designs, our secondary guarantee benefits maintain the flexibility of a traditional UL
policy, which allows a policyholder to take loans or withdrawals. Although loans and withdrawals are likely to shorten the time
period of the guaranteed death benefit, the guarantee is not automatically or completely forfeited, as is sometimes the case with
other death benefit guarantee designs. The length of the guarantee may be increased at any time through additional excess
premium deposits.
During 2006, we continued to monitor the regulatory changes that impact reserving for these products as well as the
competitive environment. Secondary guarantee UL face amount in-force was $65.5 billion, $30.9 billion and $25.0 billion as of
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
During 2006 we expanded and enhanced our variable products by introducing a survivorship version of VULONE and
enhancing our single life VULONE. These products combine the lapse protection elements of universal life with the upside
potential of a traditional variable universal life product. VULONE gives clients the flexibility to choose the appropriate balance
between protection and market risk that meets their individual needs. The combined single life and survivorship VULONE face
amount in-force was $2.9 billion, $1.8 billion and $0.6 billion as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Distribution
The Individual Life Insurance segment’s products are sold through LFD. LFD provides the Life Insurance segment with
access to financial intermediaries in the following primary distribution channels—wire/regional firms, independent planner firms
(including LFN), financial institutions, and managing general agents.
Competition
The life insurance industry is very competitive and consists of many companies with no one company dominating the market
for all products. At the end of 2005, the latest year for which data is available, there were approximately 1,119 life insurance
companies in the United States, according to the American Council of Life Insurers.
The Individual Life Insurance segment designs products specifically for the high-net-worth and mass affluent markets. In
addition to the growth opportunity offered by its target market, our product breadth, design innovation, competitiveness, speed to
market, customer service, and extensive distribution network all contribute to the strength of the Individual Life Insurance
segment. On average, the development of products takes approximately six months. The Individual Life Insurance segment
announced several major product upgrades and/or new features, including important UL, VUL, MoneyGuard®, and term product
9
enhancements in 2006. With respect to customer service, management tracks the speed, accuracy, and responsiveness of service to
customers’ calls and transaction requests. Further, the Individual Life Insurance segment tracks the turnaround time and quality
for various client services such as processing of applications.
Underwriting
In the context of life insurance, underwriting is the process of evaluating medical and non-medical information about an
individual and determining the effect these factors statistically have on life expectancy or mortality. This process of evaluation is
often referred to as risk classification. Of course, no one can accurately predict how long any individual will live, but certain risk
factors can affect life expectancy and are evaluated during the underwriting process.
Claims Administration
Claims services are delivered to customers from the Greensboro and Concord home offices. Claims examiners are assigned
to each claim notification based on coverage amount, type of claim, and the experience of the examiner. Claims meeting certain
criteria are referred to senior claim examiners. A formal quality assurance program is carried out to ensure the consistency and
effectiveness of claims examining activities. A network of in-house legal counsel, compliance officers, medical personnel, and an
anti-fraud investigative unit also support claim examiners. A special team of claims examiners, in conjunction with claims
management, focus on more complex claims matters such as MoneyGuard® long-term care claims, claims incurred during the
contestable period, beneficiary disputes, litigated claims, and the few invalid claims that are encountered.
The Individual Life Insurance segment maintains a centralized claim service center in order to minimize the volume of
clerical and repetitive administrative demands on its claims examiners while providing convenient service to policy owners and
beneficiaries.
Overview
EMPLOYER MARKETS
Lincoln Employer Markets includes numerous employer-based businesses that were previously dispersed throughout the
organization. Employer Markets offers a broad breadth of products focused on retirement income security through its Defined
Contribution, Executive Benefits and Group Protection businesses. This is a newly formed business unit and was created to
deliver retirement income security through products, distribution and services that are focused on the needs of employers and their
employees.
While this is a new internal business unit for the company, Lincoln Employer Markets is well-established in this marketplace.
At December 31, 2006, Lincoln Employer Markets served nearly 60,000 plan sponsors and approximately 5 million plan
participants. For the period ending and at December 31, 2006, the division segment accounted for 27% of our income from
operations and had approximately $38 billion in account values.
The Employer Markets business provides its products through two key segments—Retirement Products and Group
Protection. The Retirement Products segment includes two major lines of business:
• The Defined Contribution business provides employer-sponsored fixed and variable annuities, mutual fund-
based programs in the 401(k), 403(b) and 457 plan marketplaces through a wide range of intermediaries including
advisors, consultants, broker, banks, wirehouses, third-party administrators (TPAs), and individual planners.
• The Executive Benefits business offers corporate-owned universal and variable universal life insurance (COLI)
and bank-owned universal and variable universal life insurance (BOLI) to small to mid-sized banks and mid to
large-sized corporations, mostly through executive benefit brokers.
The Group Protection segment focuses on offering group term life, disability income and dental insurance primarily in the
small to mid-sized employer marketplace for their eligible employees.
10
Retirement Products
The Defined Contribution business is the largest business in this segment and focuses on 403(b) plans and 401(k) plans.
Lincoln has a strong historical presence in the 403(b) space where assets account for about 65% of total assets under management
in this segment. The 401(k) business accounts for nearly two thirds of our new deposits. The Retirement Products segment’s
deposits for the periods indicated were as follows:
Year Ended December 31 (in millions)
Defined Contributions:
Variable portion of variable annuity
Fixed portion of variable annuity
Total variable annuity deposits
Fixed annuity deposits
Alliance Mutual Funds
Total Annuity and Alliance Deposit
COLI/BOLI deposits
Total
Defined Contribution
Products
2006
2005
2004
$
$
$
2,525
441
2,966
506
1,113
4,585
267
4,852
2,254
520
2,774
563
1,066
4,403
210
4,613
2,199
575
2,774
503
828
4,105
273
4,378
$
$
$
Employer Markets currently offers four primary products to the employer-sponsored market: Lincoln American Legacy
RetirementSM, The Lincoln DirectorSM, Lincoln Alliance and Multi-Fund®. These products cover both the 403(b) and 401(k)
marketplace. Both 403(b) and 401(k) plans are tax-deferred, Defined Contribution plans offered to employees of an entity to
enable them to save for retirement. The 403(b) plans are available to employees of educational institutions and certain non-profit
entities, while 401(k) plans are generally available to employees of for-profit entities. The investment options for our annuities
encompass the spectrum of asset classes with varying levels of risk and include both equity and fixed income.
The Lincoln American Legacy RetirementSM variable annuity, launched September 5, 2006, offers 46 investment options, 20
of which are American Funds options.
The Lincoln DirectorSM is a defined contribution retirement plan solution available to businesses of all sizes, but focused on
micro- to small-sized corporations, generally with five to 200 lives. Funded through a Lincoln National Life Insurance Company
(“LNL”) group variable annuity contract, the DirectorSM product offers participants 57 investment options from 14 fund families.
In New York, Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York underwrites the annuity contracts, and these contracts offer 54
investment options from 15 fund families. The DirectorSM product has the option of being serviced through a third-party
administrator or fully serviced by Lincoln. The Employer Markets Defined Contribution segment earns advisory fees, investment
income, surrender charges and recordkeeping fees from this product. Director account values were $7.5 billion, $6.5 billion and
$5.6 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Our Alliance® program, with an open architecture platform, bundles our traditional fixed annuity products with the
employer’s choice of retail mutual funds, along with recordkeeping and customized employee education components. We earn
fees for the services we provide to mutual fund accounts and investment margins on fixed annuities of Alliance® program
accounts. The retail mutual funds associated with the Alliance program are not included in the separate accounts reported on our
Consolidated Balance Sheet. This program is customized for each employer. The target market is primarily education and
healthcare. Alliance® program deposits represented 34%, 34% and 30% of the segment’s deposits in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. Alliance® program account values were $7.0 billion, $5.3 billion and $4.0 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004, respectively.
The Lincoln Multi-Fund® Variable Annuity is a defined contribution retirement plan solution with full-bundled
administrative services, experienced retirement consultants, and high quality investment choices marketed to small- to mid-sized
healthcare, education, governmental, and not-for-profit plans. The product can be sold either to the employer through the Multi-
Fund® Group Variable Annuity contract, or directly to the individual through the Multi-Fund® Select Variable Annuity contract.
Funded through a Lincoln National Life Insurance Company variable annuity contract, the Multi-Fund® Variable Annuity offers
participants 34 investment options from 9 fund families across a variety of asset classes. Included in the product offering is
Lincoln Financial’s LifeSpanSM learning program, which provides participants with educational materials and one-on-one guidance
for retirement planning assistance. Lincoln earns advisory fees, investment income, surrender charges, and recordkeeping and
11
administrative fees from this product. The Multi-Fund® Variable Annuity is currently not available in New York. Account values
for the Multi-Fund® Variable Annuity were $13.5 billion, $12.9 billion and $12.6 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
Executive Benefits
Products
Through the Executive Benefits business, we offer COLI and BOLI products. COLI and BOLI are typically purchased by
corporations and banks on the lives of their employees, with the corporation or bank or a trust sponsored by the corporation or
bank named as a beneficiary under the policy, for the purpose of funding various employee benefit plans, including non-qualified
deferred compensation plans.
We offer a portfolio of both fixed UL and VUL COLI products sold primarily through specialty brokers. COLI and BOLI
account values were $4.3 billion, $1.3 billion and $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.
This segment also includes a closed-block of pension business that was sold on a Guaranteed Insurance Contract basis. This
block, which represents $2.7 billion of assets under management, is currently in run off.
Distribution
Multi-Fund® is sold primarily through advisors to 403(b) plans in the healthcare and education markets. The Alliance
Program is sold primarily through consultants and advisors to 403(b) and 401(k) plans in the mid to large healthcare and corporate
markets. Lincoln American Legacy RetirementSM and DirectorSM are sold primarily through banks, wirehouses, third-party
administrators (TPAs) and individual planners to 401(k) plans in the micro to small corporate market. In October 2006, Employer
Markets terminated its contract with the primary third-party wholesaler of the DirectorSM product. This termination did not have a
material adverse effect on the Retirement Products segment’s results of operations. The distribution of Executive Benefit products
are dominated by 15 to 20 intermediaries who specialize in the executive benefits market. We serve this group through a network
of internal and external sales professionals.
Competition
The Retirement Products marketplace is very competitive and is comprised of many providers, with no one company
dominating the market for all products. The Retirement Products area competes with numerous other financial services
companies. The main factors upon which entities in this market compete are wholesaling, investment performance, cost, product
features, speed to market, brand recognition, financial strength ratings, distribution channel access, crediting rates and client
service.
Group Protection
Overview
The Group Protection segment offers group non-medical insurance products, principally term life, disability and dental, to
the employer marketplace through various forms of contributory and noncontributory plans. This segment also offers a specialty,
non-core product called Exec-U-Care®, which is an insured medical expense reimbursement vehicle for executives that covers
eligible health plan costs not covered by their base health plans. A discontinuation of Exec-U-Care® would have a significant
impact on segment revenues, but only a limited effect on reportable segment income from operations. Most of the segment’s
group contracts are sold to employers with fewer than 500 employees.
12
The Group Protection segment was added as a result of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot and was previously known as Benefit
Partners. Accordingly, the product line data for this segment provided in the following table are given for the nine months ended
December 31, 2006.
(in millions)
Life
Disability
Dental
Total non-medical
Other
Total
Products
Group Life Insurance
Earned
Premiums
334
$
407
95
836
113
949
$
We offer employer-sponsored group term life insurance products including basic, optional and voluntary term life insurance
to employees and their dependents. Additional benefits may be provided in the event of a covered individual’s accidental death or
dismemberment (AD&D coverage).
Group Disability Insurance
We offer short- and long-term employer-sponsored group disability insurance, which protects an employee against loss of
wages due to illness or injury. Short-term disability generally provides benefits for up to 26 weeks following a short waiting period,
ranging from one to 30 days. Long-term disability provides benefits following a longer waiting period, usually between 30 and 180
days and provides benefits for a longer period, at least two years and typically extending to normal (Social Security) retirement age.
Group Dental
We offer employer-sponsored group dental insurance, which covers a portion of the cost of eligible dental procedures for
employees and their dependents. Products offered include indemnity coverage, which does not distinguish benefits based on a
dental provider’s participation in a network arrangement, and a Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) product that does reflect
the dental provider’s participation in the PPO network arrangement, including agreement with network fee schedules.
Distribution
The segment’s products are marketed primarily through a national distribution system of 27 regional group offices. These
offices develop business through employee benefit brokers, third-party administrators and other employee benefit firms.
Competition
The Group Protection marketplace is very competitive. Principal competitive factors include particular product features,
price, quality of customer service and claims management, technological capabilities, financial strength and claims-paying ratings.
In the group insurance market, the Group Protection segment competes with a limited number of major companies and selected
other companies that focus on these products.
Underwriting
The Group Protection segment’s underwriters evaluate the risk characteristics of each employee group. Generally, the
relevant characteristics evaluated include employee census information (such as age, gender, income and occupation), employer
industry classification, geographic location, benefit design elements and other factors. The segment employs detailed underwriting
policies, guidelines and procedures designed to assist the underwriter to properly assess and quantify risks. The segment uses
technology to efficiently review, price and issue smaller cases, utilizing its underwriting staff on larger, more complex cases.
Individual underwriting techniques (including evaluation of individual medical history information) may be used on certain covered
13
individuals selecting larger benefit amounts. For voluntary and other forms of employee paid coverages, minimum participation
requirements are used to obtain a better spread of risk and minimize the risk of anti-selection.
Claims
Claims for the Group Protection segment are managed by a staff of experienced claim specialists. Disability claims
management is especially important to segment results, as results depend on both the incidence and the length of approved
disability claims. The segment employs nurses and rehabilitation specialists to help evaluate medical conditions and develop return
to work plans. Independent medical reviews are routinely performed by external medical professionals to further evaluate
conditions as part of the claim management process.
Overview
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
The Investment Management segment, with principal operations in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, provides investment products
and services to both individual and institutional investors through Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. and its affiliates, also
referred to as “Delaware Investments.” Delaware Investments offers a broad line of mutual funds and other investment products
to retail investors (including managed accounts).
Delaware Investments also offers investment advisory services and products to institutional clients, such as corporate and
public retirement plans, endowments and foundations, nuclear decommissioning trusts, sub-advisory clients and Taft-Hartley
plans, and includes mutual funds offered by non-Delaware Investments entities for which Delaware Investments acts as a sub-
advisor. At December 31, 2006, Delaware Investments served as investment advisor to approximately 280 institutional accounts,
acts as investment manager and performs additional services for approximately 87 open-end funds and for 6 closed-end funds.
The Investment Management segment also provides investment advisory services for our corporate and general insurance
portfolios, including separate accounts and mutual funds, and acts as investment advisor to collateralized debt obligations.
Products
Investment Management products include U.S. and international equity and fixed-income retail mutual funds, institutional
separate accounts, institutional mutual funds, managed accounts, as well as administration services for some of these products.
The Investment Management segment’s assets under management (including assets under administration) were as follows:
At December 31 (in millions)
Retail Products:
Equity
Fixed
Institutional Products:
Equity
Fixed
Insurance-related assets
Total
Assets Under Management
2005
2004
2006
$
39,627
10,993
$
32,732
9,625
$
24,274
8,457
23,845
22,841
67,067
164,373
$
20,577
14,699
43,086
120,719
$
12,849
11,547
42,791
99,918
$
Total sub-advised, included in above amounts1
$
22,671
$
20,503
$
13,550
1 In the third quarter of 2004, the segment sold our international investment management unit (“DIAL”) institutional business to
Mondrian Investment Partners (“Mondrian”). Accordingly, $22.1 billion of assets were transferred to Mondrian at the time of the
sale. Mondrian was retained as a sub-advisor on certain assets. At December 31, 2006, approximately $17.3 billion of the sub-
advised assets are being advised on our behalf by Mondrian, the buyer.
14
Retail Products and Services
The Investment Management segment offers various retail products including mutual funds to individual investors, as well as
investment services to high net worth and small institutional investors through managed accounts. The retail assets under
management were $50.6 billion, $42.3 billion and $32.8 billion, respectively at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. These assets
include $18.0 billion, $15.4 billion and $9.5 billion of sub-advised assets for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. We pay fees to the
third party sub-advisors to manage the assets.
As of December 31, 2006, the Investment Management segment, through Delaware Investments, offered 45 open-end retail
mutual funds to suit an array of investment needs. Delaware Investments’ mutual funds are grouped by asset class, with each
investment management team focused on a specific investment discipline. This structure of distinct investment teams allows for a
style-specific research effort tailored for each asset class. The mutual funds are owned by the shareholders of those funds and not
by Delaware Investments. Delaware Investments manages the funds pursuant to an agreement with the separate funds boards.
Accordingly, the mutual fund assets and liabilities, as well as related investment returns, are not reflected in our Consolidated
Financial Statements. Instead, Delaware Investments earns fees for providing the management and other services to the funds.
Delaware Investments manages both open-end and closed-end funds. An open-end mutual fund does not have a fixed
number of shares and will normally offer as many shares as investors are willing to buy. Investors sell their shares by requesting
the fund to redeem the shares. The open-end funds are available with various pricing structures, such as A-class with a front end
sales charge, B-class and C-class with a contingent deferred sales charge as well as R-class and Institutional class, which are sold
without a front end or contingent deferred sales charge and are designed for certain retirement plans and/or institutional investors.
A, B, C and R classes are generally subject to Rule 12b-1 fees. A closed-end fund offers a fixed number of shares and is usually
sold through a brokerage firm. After the initial offering, shares normally trade on a major stock exchange.
The Investment Management segment also provides investment advisory services to clients through separately managed
accounts, commonly referred to as wrap accounts. These products are offered by a sponsor, typically a broker-dealer, to higher net
worth individuals with a minimum investment of approximately $250,000. During 2006, the Investment Management segment
closed the International American Depository Receipt (“ADR”) separately managed account product, which was sub-advised by
Mondrian Investment Partners, and the Delaware Large Cap Growth Equity separately managed account to new investors. An
ADR is a stock that trades in the U.S. but represents a specified number of shares in a foreign corporation. ADRs are bought and
sold on U.S. markets just like traditional stocks and are issued or sponsored in the U.S. by a bank or brokerage firm.
Institutional Products and Services
For institutional clients, the Investment Management segment offers Delaware Pooled Trust and institutional separate
accounts. Institutional assets under management were $46.7 billion, $35.3 billion and $24.3 billion, respectively at December 31,
2006, 2005 and 2004.
Delaware Pooled Trust is a registered investment company which offers a series of mutual funds managed in styles that are
similar to institutional separate account offerings and are best suited for smaller to medium-sized institutional investment
mandates. Delaware Pooled Trusts’ minimum initial investment is typically $1 million. The funds included in Delaware Pooled
Trust are offered without a sales charge directly through Delaware Investments’ institutional marketing and client services group.
The Investment Management segment provides investment advisory services through individually managed accounts to a
broad range of institutional clients, such as corporate and public retirement plans, endowments and foundations, nuclear
decommissioning trusts, sub-advisory clients and Taft-Hartley plans, among others. Included among sub-advisory clients are
mutual funds and other commingled vehicles offered by institutional parties. Most clients utilize individually managed separate
accounts, which means clients have the opportunity to customize the management of their portfolio by including or excluding
certain types of securities, sectors or segments within a given asset class. Because of their individually managed nature, these
separate accounts are best suited for larger investment mandates. Currently, the minimum account size is typically $25 million for
U.S. investments.
The Investment Management segment also provides investment management services for Lincoln’s general account assets
for which it earns advisory revenue.
Distribution
The businesses in the Investment Management segment deliver their broad range of products through multiple distribution
channels, enabling them to reach an expanding community of retail and institutional investors. Investment Management
15
distributes retail mutual funds and managed accounts through intermediaries, including LFN, which are serviced by the LFD
wholesaling distribution network. Delaware Distributors, L.P. is the principal underwriter for the Delaware Investments mutual
funds and serves as a liaison between the funds and LFD.
Delaware Investments’ institutional marketing group, working closely with manager selection consultants, markets
substantially all of the institutional products.
Competition
The Investment Management segment primarily competes with mutual fund complexes that are broker sold, and other asset
managers offering managed accounts, institutional accounts and sub-advisory services. Competitive factors impacting the
Investment Management segment include investment performance, breadth of investment styles offered, distribution capabilities
and customer service.
Investment performance is a key driver of the Investment Management segment’s ability to attract new sales, retain existing
assets and improve net flows. The following table summarizes the performance of institutional and managed accounts composites
relative to their respective benchmarks for the one-, three- and five-year periods ended December 31, 2006.
Number of institutional composites outperforming their
respective benchmarks 1
Number of managed account styles outperforming their
respective benchmarks 2
One Year
Three Year
Five Year
5 of 8
5 of 7
6 of 7
2 of 9
1 of 6
2 of 5
1
2
Represents the largest composites based on assets under management. The returns for these composites are GIPS (Global
Investments Performance Standards) compliant and the benchmarks are industry standards.
Represents Delaware Investments’ managed account styles that have associated benchmarks for the respective length of time.
Delaware Investments closely monitors the relative performance of individual funds. Fund performance is compared to a
benchmark group of peer funds that have similar investment characteristics and objectives. Performance in various key categories,
as reported to Lipper, one of the leading providers of mutual fund research, is used by Delaware Investments in measuring its
funds’ performance. The following table summarizes the performance for the 25 largest mutual funds and for all of the mutual
funds in the Delaware Investments’ family of funds for the one-, three- and five-year periods ended December 31, 2006.
Number of Funds out of Delaware's top 25 retail mutual funds
in top half of their Lipper category 1
One Year
Three Year
Five Year
16 of 25
16 of 25
18 of 25
Number of all retail mutual funds in top half of their Lipper category 1
29 of 44
31 of 43
33 of 43
1
For these purposes, Delaware Investments’ family of funds does not include variable insurance product funds, or mutual
funds managed by Delaware Investments for certain of our affiliates or other third parties.
LINCOLN UK
Lincoln UK is headquartered in Barnwood, Gloucester, England, and is licensed to do business throughout the United
Kingdom (“U.K.”). Lincoln UK is primarily focused on protecting and enhancing the value of its existing customer base. The
segment accepts new deposits on the existing block of business and markets a limited range of new products.
Lincoln UK’s product portfolio principally consists of unit-linked life and pension products, which are similar to U.S.
produced variable life and annuity products, where the risk associated with the underlying investments are borne by the
policyholders. These products have largely been issued to individuals, and benefits, premium levels and charges can often be
varied within limits. Certain policyholders have chosen to contract out of the State Second Pension through a Lincoln personal
pension arrangement. Lincoln UK receives rebate premiums from the government for those policyholders. These rebates are
reported as deposits and as such only the fees earned by Lincoln UK are reported as revenue.
16
The Lincoln UK segment’s product revenues were as follows. Product revenues include premiums, fees and assessments for
Lincoln UK’s products:
Year Ended December 31 (in millions)
Life Products
Pension Products
Other Products
Total
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
95
131
11
237
142
88
9
239
137
121
8
266
$
$
$
Our subsidiary in the U.K. has its balance sheets and income statements translated at the current spot exchange rate as of the
year-end and average spot exchange rate for the year, respectively.
Lincoln UK has an evergreen agreement to outsource its customer service and policy administration functions to Capita Life
& Pensions Services Limited, a subsidiary of Capita Group Plc (“Capita”). The purpose of the outsourcing is to reduce the
operational risk and variability of future costs associated with administering the business by taking advantage of Capita’s proven
expertise in providing outsourcing solutions to a variety of industries including insurance companies. To date, the relationship has
provided the segment with results in line with expectations.
LINCOLN FINANCIAL MEDIA
The Lincoln Financial Media segment consists of 18 radio and 3 television broadcasting stations located in selected markets
in the Southeastern and Western United States and also produces and distributes syndicated collegiate basketball and football
sports programming.
Products
The primary source of revenue for our media properties is the sale of advertising time to local, regional and national
advertisers. Our net revenues for Lincoln Financial Media’s television, radio and sports operations for the period from April 3,
2006 to December 31, 2006 were as follows:
(in millions)
Radio
Television
Sports
Total
$
$
101
66
21
188
Seasonal revenue fluctuations are common in the broadcasting industry and are primarily due to fluctuations in advertising
expenditures by retailers and automobile manufacturers. Broadcast advertising is typically strongest in the second and fourth
quarters of the year, which coincides with increased advertising around certain holidays. Historically, the second quarter tends to
show an increase in automotive advertising as well as increases in tourism and travel advertising before the summer months.
Because television and radio broadcasters rely upon advertising revenue, they are subject to cyclical changes in the economy, such
as benefiting from political campaign advertising revenues in even-numbered years. The size of advertisers’ budgets, which are
affected by broad economic trends, affects the broadcast industry in general and the revenue of individual television and radio
stations. The stations and sports programming derived 21% of their advertising revenues from the automotive industry for the
period April 3, 2006 through December 31, 2006. If automobile advertising is severely curtailed, it could have a negative impact on
broadcasting revenues.
Lincoln Financial Sports generates most of its revenues during fourth quarter for football and first quarter for basketball.
Television Operations
WBTV, Channel 3, Charlotte, NC, is affiliated with CBS under a Network Affiliation Agreement expiring on May 31, 2011.
WWBT, Channel 12, Richmond, VA, is affiliated with NBC under a Network Affiliation Agreement expiring December 31, 2011.
WCSC, Channel 5, Charleston, SC, is affiliated with CBS under a Network Affiliation Agreement expiring on May 31, 2011.
Absent cancellation by either party, each of these agreements is expected to be renewed for successive five-year periods. For 2006,
7% of television revenues came from a network agreement with the two CBS-affiliated stations that expires in 2011. The trend in
17
the industry is away from the networks compensating affiliates for carrying their programming, and there is a possibility those
revenues will be eliminated when the contract is renewed.
The primary source of revenue for our television stations is through the sale of time to local and national advertisers. Our
television advertising revenues in even-numbered years benefit from political, issue, and Olympics-related advertising. In all our
markets, we focus on developing leading news programming, which we believe is the optimal way to maximize revenues.
Radio Operations
Lincoln Financial Media owns and operates one AM and one FM station in Atlanta, GA, one AM and two FM stations in
Charlotte, NC, two AM and three FM stations in Denver, CO and one AM and two FM stations in Miami, FL. In San Diego, CA,
Lincoln Financial Media owns and operates four FM stations and owns one AM station now operated by a third party under a local
marketing agreement (LMA). The third party operator of the San Diego AM station has declared its intention to exercise a
purchase option on that station during 2007.
Most of our radio broadcasting revenue is generated from the sale of local and national advertising. Additional revenue is
generated from event payments, barter and other miscellaneous transactions. Our radio stations employ various formats for their
programming. A station’s format can be important in determining the size and characteristics of its listening audience. Advertising
rates charged by a radio station are based primarily on the station’s ability to attract audiences having certain demographic
characteristics in the market area that advertisers want to reach, as well as the number of stations and other advertising media
competing in the market and the relative demand for radio in any given market.
Advertising rates generally are the highest during morning and evening drive-time hours. Depending on the format of a
particular station, there are certain numbers of advertisements that are broadcast each hour. We determine the number of
advertisements broadcast hourly that can maximize available revenue dollars without jeopardizing listening levels.
Sports Operations
Lincoln Financial Sports’ principal business is to produce and syndicate broadcasts of Atlantic Coast Conference and
Southeastern Conference football and basketball events. The contracts with the leagues were renewed in 2001 and extend through
the 2010-2011 seasons for the Atlantic Coast Conference and the 2008-2009 seasons for the Southeastern Conference. Raycom
Sports is an equal partner in the contract for Atlantic Coast Conference football and basketball. Most of our sports broadcasting
revenue is generated from the sale of advertising time. Additional revenue is generated from renting the trucks that we use to
produce sporting events to third parties for both sporting and other event production.
Competition
Our radio and television stations compete for programming, talent and revenues with other radio and television stations as
well as with other advertising and entertainment media, including direct distribution cable and satellite television and direct
transmission and satellite radio. Lincoln Financial Sports competes with other vendors of similar products and services.
OTHER OPERATIONS
“Other Operations” includes the financial data for operations that are not directly related to the business segments,
unallocated corporate items (such as investment income on investments related to the amount of statutory surplus in our insurance
subsidiaries that is not allocated to our business units and other corporate investments, interest expense on short-term and long-
term borrowings, and certain expenses, including restructuring and merger-related expenses), along with the ongoing amortization
of deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with Swiss Re. Other Operations also includes the
eliminations of intercompany transactions and the inter-segment elimination of the investment advisory fees for asset management
services the Investment Management segment provides to Individual Markets and Employer Markets.
18
Revenues from Other Operations were as follows:
(in millions)
Premiums
Net investment income
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance
Other revenue and fees
Inter-segment elimination of investment advisory fees
Total
2006
$
5
224
75
(11)
(97)
196
$
2005
1
$
203
76
(6)
(99)
175
$
2004
2
$
164
87
(38)
(106)
109
$
REINSURANCE
We follow the industry practice of reinsuring a portion of our life insurance and annuity risks with unaffiliated reinsurers. In
a reinsurance transaction, a reinsurer agrees to indemnify another insurer for part or all of its liability under a policy or policies it
has issued for an agreed upon premium. We use reinsurance to protect our insurance subsidiaries against the severity of losses on
individual claims and unusually serious occurrences in which a number of claims produce an aggregate extraordinary loss. We also
use reinsurance to improve our results by leveraging favorable reinsurance pricing. Although reinsurance does not discharge the
insurance subsidiaries from their primary liabilities to their policyholders for losses insured under the insurance policies, it does
make the assuming reinsurer liable to the insurance subsidiaries for the reinsured portion of the risk.
As a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, we currently have two reinsurance programs - one for LNL and its insurance
subsidiaries, Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York and First Penn-Pacific Life Insurance Company (the “LNL
program”), and one for the Jefferson-Pilot insurance companies (the “JP program”). Under the LNL program, we reinsure
approximately 85% to 90% of the mortality risk on newly issued non-term life insurance contracts and approximately 45% to 50%
of total mortality risk including term insurance contracts. Our policy for this program is to retain no more than $5 million on a
single insured life issued on fixed and variable universal life insurance contracts. Additionally, the retention per single insured life
for term life insurance and for COLI is $1 million and $2 million, respectively.
Beginning in September 2005, we changed the LNL program for our primary term products from coinsurance to renewable
term and from 90% to 80% on a first dollar quota share basis. In January 2006, we changed this program from 80% first dollar
quota share to an excess of retention program. These changes have the effect of reducing premiums paid to reinsurers while
increasing our exposure to mortality losses, and could result in more volatility in results for our Individual Markets Life Insurance
segment. With respect to annuities, we had previously reinsured a portion of our fixed annuity business, but beginning in 2004, we
have retained the full risk on newly issued contracts.
The insurance subsidiaries participating in the JP program are Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company (“JPFIC”),
Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company (“JPLA”) and Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company (“JP Life”). For the JP
program, our policy is to reinsure risks in excess of retention, which ranges from less than $1 million to $2 million on a single
insured life, depending on the retention limit set for various individual products. We also attempt to reduce exposure to losses that
may result from unfavorable events or circumstances by reinsuring certain levels and types of accident and health insurance risks
underwritten.
With the integration of the Lincoln and Jefferson-Pilot companies and their products, we completed a corporate-wide
evaluation of retention levels for new products concerning any one individual life and in the aggregate. This evaluation, to
maximize profitability while minimizing mortality risk, will include the impact of changes in mortality retention balanced with the
impact of premiums paid to reinsurers for new business written starting in 2007.
Portions of our deferred annuity business have been reinsured on a modified coinsurance basis with other companies to limit
our exposure to interest rate risks. To cover products other than life insurance, we acquire other insurance coverages with
retentions and limits that management believes are appropriate for the circumstances.
In a coinsurance program, the reinsurer shares proportionately in all financial terms of the reinsured policies, i.e. premiums,
expenses, claims, etc. based on their respective quota share of the risk. In a renewable term program, the reinsurer is paid a
renewable term premium to cover the proportionate share of mortality risk assumed by the reinsurer. In a first dollar quota share
program, the reinsurer receives a proportionate share of all risks issued based on their respective quota share of the risk. In an
excess of retention program, the reinsurer assumes a proportionate share of risks that exceed our per life retention.
19
For more information regarding reinsurance see, Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8
of this Form 10-K and “Reinsurance” in the MD&A. For risks involving reinsurance, see “Item 1A--Risk Factors” below.
RESERVES
The applicable insurance laws under which insurance companies operate require that they report, as liabilities, policy reserves
to meet future obligations on their outstanding policies. These reserves are the amounts that, with the additional premiums to be
received and interest thereon compounded annually at certain assumed rates, are calculated to be sufficient to meet the various
policy and contract obligations as they mature. These laws specify that the reserves shall not be less than reserves calculated using
certain specified mortality and morbidity tables, interest rates, and methods of valuation.
The reserves reported in our financial statements contained herein are calculated based on GAAP and differ from those
specified by the laws of the various states and carried in the statutory financial statements of the life insurance subsidiaries. These
differences arise from the use of mortality and morbidity tables, interest, persistency and other assumptions which are believed to
be more representative of the expected experience for these policies than those required for statutory accounting purposes and
from differences in actuarial reserving methods. See “Regulatory” below for information on proposed regulations that may impact
the amount of statutory reserves necessary to support our current insurance liabilities.
The assumptions on which reserves are based are intended to represent an estimation of experience for the period that policy
benefits are payable. If actual experience is not less favorable than the reserve assumptions, then reserves should be adequate to
provide for future benefits and expenses. If experience is less favorable than the reserve assumptions, additional reserves may be
required. The key experience assumptions include mortality rates, policy persistency and interest rates. We periodically review our
experience and update our policy reserves for new issues and reserve for all claims incurred, as we believe appropriate.
For risks related to reserves, see “Risk Factors” below.
INVESTMENTS
An important component of our financial results is the return on invested assets. Our investment strategy is to balance the
need for current income with prudent risk management, with an emphasis on generating sufficient current income to meet our
obligations. This approach requires the evaluation of risk and expected return of each asset class utilized, while still meeting our
income objectives. This approach also permits us to be more effective in our asset-liability management, since decisions can be
made based upon both the economic and current investment income considerations affecting assets and liabilities. Investments by
our insurance subsidiaries must comply with the insurance laws and regulations of the states of domicile.
We do not use derivatives for speculative purposes. Derivatives are used for hedging purposes and income generation.
Hedging strategies are employed for a number of reasons including, but not limited to, hedging certain portions of our exposure to
changes in our GMDB and GMWB liabilities, interest rate fluctuations, the widening of bond yield spreads over comparable
maturity U.S. Government obligations, and credit, foreign exchange and equity risks. Income generation strategies include credit
default swaps through replication synthetic asset transactions (RSATs). These derivatives synthetically create exposure in the
general account to corporate debt, similar to investing in the credit markets. Our investment portfolio does not contain any
significant concentrations in single issuers. In addition, we do not have a significant concentration of investments in any single
industry segment; no single segment comprises more than 10% of invested assets at December 31, 2006.
For additional information on our investments, including carrying values by category, quality ratings and net investment
income, see “Consolidated Investments” in the MD&A, as well as Notes 1 and 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
RATINGS
Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization (“NRSROs”), rate the financial strength of our principal insurance
subsidiaries and the debt of LNC. Ratings are not recommendations to buy our securities.
Rating agencies rate insurance companies based on financial strength and the ability to pay claims, factors more relevant to
policyholders than investors. We believe that the ratings assigned by nationally recognized, independent rating agencies are
material to our operations. There may be other rating agencies that also rate our securities, which we do not disclose in our
reports.
20
Insurer Financial Strength Ratings
The insurer financial strength rating scales of A.M. Best, Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) and Moody’s
Investors Service (“Moody’s”) are characterized as follows:
• A.M. Best—A++ to S
•
Fitch—AAA to D
• Moody’s—Aaa to C
•
S&P—AAA to R
As of January 31, 2007, the financial strength ratings of our principal insurance subsidiaries, as published by the principal
rating agencies that rate our securities, or us, are as follows:
Lincoln National Life Insurance Co.
Lincoln Life & Annuity Co. of New York
First Penn-Pacific Life Insurance Co.
Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Co.
Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Co.
A. M. Best
A+ (2nd of 16)
A+ (2nd of 16)
A+ (2nd of 16)
A+ (2nd of 16)
A+ (2nd of 16)
Fitch
AA (3rd of 24)
AA (3rd of 24)
AA (3rd of 24)
AA (3rd of 24)
AA (3rd of 24)
S&P
AA (3rd of 21)
AA (3rd of 21)
AA-(4th of 21)
AA (3rd of 21)
AA (3rd of 21)
Moody's
Aa3 (4th of 21)
Aa3 (4th of 21)
A1 (5th of 21)
Aa3 (4th of 21)
Aa3 (4th of 21)
The A.M. Best, Fitch and Moody’s ratings above have a stable outlook. The S&P ratings have a positive outlook.
A downgrade of the financial strength rating of one of our principal insurance subsidiaries could affect our competitive
position in the insurance industry and make it more difficult for us to market our products as potential customers may select
companies with higher financial strength ratings.
Debt Ratings
The long-term credit rating scales of A.M. Best, Fitch Ratings, S&P and Moody’s are characterized as follows:
• A.M. Best—aaa to d
•
Fitch—AAA to D
• Moody’s—Aaa to C
•
S&P—AAA to D
As of January 31, 2007, our long-term credit ratings, as published by the principal rating agencies that rate our long-term
credit, are as follows:
LNC
A. M. Best
a (6th of 22)
Fitch
A (6th of 24)
S&P
A+ (5th of 22)
Moody's
A3 (7th of 21)
The short-term credit rating scales of A.M. Best, Fitch Ratings, S&P and Moody’s are characterized as follows:
• A.M. Best—AMB-1+ to d
•
Fitch—F1 to D
• Moody’s—P-1 to NP
•
S&P—A-1 to D
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As of January 31, 2007, our short-term credit ratings, as published by the principal rating agencies that rate our short-term
credit, are as follows:
LNC
A. M. Best
AMB-1 (2nd of 6)
Fitch
F1 (1st of 6)
S&P
A-2 (2nd of 6)
Moody's
P-2 (2nd of 4)
A downgrade of our debt ratings could affect our ability to raise additional debt with terms and conditions similar to our
current debt, and accordingly, likely increase our cost of capital. In addition, a downgrade of these ratings could make it more
difficult to raise capital to refinance any maturing debt obligations, to support business growth at our insurance subsidiaries and to
maintain or improve the current financial strength ratings of our principal insurance subsidiaries described above.
All of our ratings are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the rating agencies, and therefore, no assurance can be
given that our principal insurance subsidiaries or that LNC can maintain these ratings. Each rating should be evaluated
independently of any other rating.
General
REGULATORY
Our insurance subsidiaries, like other insurance companies, are subject to regulation and supervision by the states, territories
and countries in which they are licensed to do business. The extent of such regulation varies, but generally has its source in statutes
that delegate regulatory, supervisory and administrative authority to supervisory agencies. In the United States, this power is vested
in state insurance departments.
In supervising and regulating insurance companies, state insurance departments, charged primarily with protecting
policyholders and the public rather than investors, enjoy broad authority and discretion in applying applicable insurance laws and
regulation for that purpose. Our insurance subsidiaries are domiciled in the following states:
Insurance Subsidiary
The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company (“LNL”)
Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company (“JP Life”)
First Penn-Pacific Life Insurance Company (“First Penn”)
Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company (“JPFIC”)
Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company (“JPLA”)
Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York (“LLANY”)
State of Domicile
Indiana
North Carolina
Indiana
Nebraska
New Jersey
New York
The insurance departments of those states exercise principal regulatory jurisdiction over them. The extent of regulation by
the states varies, but in general, most jurisdictions have laws and regulations governing standards of solvency, adequacy of reserves,
reinsurance, capital adequacy, licensing of companies and agents to transact business, prescribing and approving policy forms,
regulating premium rates for some lines of business, prescribing the form and content of financial statements and reports,
regulating the type and amount of investments permitted and standards of business conduct. Insurance company regulation is
discussed further below under “Insurance Holding Company Regulation” and “Restrictions on Subsidiaries’ Dividends and Other
Payments.”
A new statutory reserving standard (commonly called “VACARVM”) is being developed by the NAIC replacing current
statutory reserve practices for variable annuities with guaranteed benefits such as GMWBs. The timing for adoption of
VACARVM is not certain but we currently expect adoption in 2007. In its current draft form, VACARVM has the potential to
require statutory reserves well in excess of current levels for certain variable annuity riders sold by us. We plan to utilize existing
captive reinsurance structures to lessen any negative impact on statutory capital and dividend capacity in the life insurance
subsidiaries. However, additional statutory reserves could lead to lower risk-based capital ratios and potentially reduce future
dividend capacity from our insurance subsidiaries. For more information of the impact of VACARVM, see “Review of Financial
Condition—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
The U.S. federal government does not directly regulate the insurance industry; however, federal initiatives from time to time
can impact the insurance industry. In June 2001, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (“EGTRRA”)
was enacted. EGTRRA contains provisions that have and will continue, near term, to significantly lower individual tax rates.
These may have the effect of reducing the benefits of tax deferral on the inside build-up of annuities and life insurance products.
EGTRRA also includes provisions that will eliminate, over time, the estate, gift and generation-skipping taxes and partially
22
eliminates the step-up in basis rule applicable to property held in a decedent’s estate. Some of these changes might hinder our sales
and result in the increased surrender of insurance and annuity products. These provisions expire after 2010, unless extended.
In May 2003, the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (“JGTRRA”) was enacted. Individual taxpayers
are the principal beneficiaries of JGTRRA, which includes an acceleration of certain of the income tax rate reductions enacted
originally under EGTRRA, as well as capital gains and dividend tax rate reductions. On May 17, 2006, the Tax Increase Prevention
and Reconciliation Act of 2006 (“TIPRA”) was signed into law. TIPRA extends the lower capital gains and dividends rates
through the end of 2010. Although most of these rate reductions expire after 2010, these reductions have the effect of reducing
the benefits of tax deferral on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance products. Like the EGTRRA changes, the
JGTRRA changes may hinder our sales and result in increased surrender of insurance and annuity products.
On October 22, 2004, President Bush signed into law the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (“AJCA”), which includes
provisions affecting non-qualified deferred compensation plans that may make such plans more complicated for employers
depending on final tax rules and regulations. Because our COLI products are often used to support such deferred compensation
liabilities, the AJCA may constrain sales of our COLI products.
In February 2007, bills were introduced in Congress to provide tax incentives designed to encourage individuals to invest
their after-tax income in retirement vehicles, such as annuities, that provide guaranteed lifetime income. Under the proposal,
individuals would not pay federal taxes on one-half of the income generated by annuities that make lifetime payments up to an
annual limit of $20,000. If this bill is enacted into law, we believe that it would have a favorable impact on our annuity business.
In February 2006, the Bush Administration proposed that many of the temporary rate reductions from EGTRRA and the
2003 Act be made permanent. The Administration also continues to propose tax-favored savings initiatives that, if enacted by
Congress, could also adversely affect the sale of our annuity, life and tax-qualified retirement products and increase the surrender
of such products. However, we expect that the income for life guarantee provided within an annuity and features like our GMWB
will continue to be viewed as significant benefits and may offset the adverse effect of these proposals.
On August 17, 2006, the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (“PPA”) was signed into law. PPA makes numerous changes to
pension and other tax laws including: permanence for the EGTRRA enacted pension provisions including higher annual
contribution limits for defined contribution plans and IRAs as well as catch-up contributions for persons over age 50; clarification
of the safest available annuity standard for the selection of an annuity as a distribution option for defined contribution plans;
expansion of investment advice options for defined contribution plan participants and IRA owners; more stringent funding
requirements for defined benefit pension plans and clarification of the legal status of hybrid (cash balance) pension plans; and non-
pension related tax changes such as the codification of COLI best practices bringing more certainty to this market segment;
permanence for EGTRRA enacted tax benefits for section 529 college savings plans; and favorable tax treatment for long-term
care insurance included as a rider to or on annuity products.
We expect many of these changes to have a beneficial effect upon various segments of our business lines.
Some of our separate accounts as well as mutual funds that we sponsor, in addition to being registered under the Securities
Act of 1933, are registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and the shares of certain of
these entities are qualified for sale in some or all states and the District of Columbia. We also have several subsidiaries that are
registered as broker-dealers under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) and are subject to federal and state
regulation, including but not limited to the NASD’s net capital rules. In addition, we have several subsidiaries that are investment
advisors registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. LFN’s agents and our employees, insofar as they are involved in
the sale or marketing of products that are securities, are subject to the Exchange Act and to examination requirements and
regulation by the SEC, the NASD and state securities commissioners. Regulation also extends to various LNC entities that employ
or control those individuals. The SEC and other governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities
commissions in the United States, have the power to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fines, the
issuance of cease-and-desist orders or suspension, termination or limitation of the activities of the regulated entity or its employees.
Federal and state regulators are devoting substantial attention to the mutual fund, indexed annuity and variable annuity
businesses. As a result of publicity relating to widespread perceptions of industry abuses, there have been numerous regulatory
reform, initiatives addressing issues which include, but are not limited to, mutual fund governance and compliance practices, late
trading, suitability of indexed and variable annuity products, directed brokerage and soft dollars, and new disclosure requirements
concerning commission breakpoints, revenue sharing, shelf space, advisory fees, market timing, portfolio pricing, information
about portfolio managers and other issues. While we have made certain changes to our businesses in response to new regulations,
they have not had a significant impact on our businesses. However, it is difficult to predict whether additional changes resulting
from new regulations will materially affect our businesses, and, if so, to what degree.
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Television and radio broadcasting operations are subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission
(“FCC”) under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Act”). The Act empowers the FCC to issue, renew, revoke or
modify broadcasting licenses, assign frequencies, determine the locations of stations, regulate the equipment used by stations,
establish areas to be served, adopt necessary regulations, and impose certain penalties for violation of the regulations. The Act and
present regulations prohibit the transfer of a license or of control of a licensee without prior approval of the FCC; restrict in
various ways the common and multiple ownership of broadcast facilities; restrict alien ownership of licenses; and impose various
other strictures on ownership and operation.
Broadcasting licenses are granted for a period of eight years for both television and radio and, in the absence of adverse
claims as to the licensee’s qualifications or performance, will normally be renewed by the FCC for an additional term.
Insurance Holding Company Regulation
LNC and its insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulation pursuant to the insurance holding company laws of the states of
Indiana, Nebraska, North Carolina, New Jersey and New York. These insurance holding company laws generally require an
insurance holding company and insurers that are members of such insurance holding company’s system to register with the
insurance department authorities, to file with it certain reports disclosing information including their capital structure, ownership,
management, financial condition, certain intercompany transactions, including material transfers of assets and intercompany
business agreements, and to report material changes in that information. These laws also require that intercompany transactions be
fair and reasonable and, under certain circumstances, prior approval of the insurance departments must be received before entering
into an intercompany transaction. Further, these laws require that an insurer’s policyholders’ surplus following any dividends or
distributions to shareholder affiliates is reasonable in relation to the insurer’s outstanding liabilities and adequate for its financial
needs.
In general, under state holding company regulations, no person may acquire, directly or indirectly, a controlling interest in
our capital stock unless such person, corporation or other entity has obtained prior approval from the applicable insurance
commissioner for such acquisition of control. Pursuant to such laws, in general, any person acquiring, controlling or holding the
power to vote, directly or indirectly, ten percent or more of the voting securities of an insurance company, is presumed to have
“control” of such company. This presumption may be rebutted by a showing that control does not exist in fact. The insurance
commissioner, however, may find that “control” exists in circumstances in which a person owns or controls a smaller amount of
voting securities. To obtain approval from the insurance commissioner of any acquisition of control of an insurance company, the
proposed acquirer must file with the applicable commissioner an application containing information regarding: the identity and
background of the acquirer and its affiliates; the nature, source and amount of funds to be used to carry out the acquisition; the
financial statements of the acquirer and its affiliates; any potential plans for disposition of the securities or business of the insurer;
the number and type of securities to be acquired; any contracts with respect to the securities to be acquired; any agreements with
broker-dealers; and other matters.
Other jurisdictions in which our insurance subsidiaries are licensed to transact business may have similar or additional
requirements for prior approval of any acquisition of control of an insurance or reinsurance company licensed or authorized to
transact business in those jurisdictions. Additional requirements in those jurisdictions may include re-licensing or subsequent
approval for renewal of existing licenses upon an acquisition of control. As further described below, laws that govern the holding
company structure also govern payment of dividends to us by our insurance subsidiaries.
Restrictions on Subsidiaries’ Dividends and Other Payments
We are a holding company that transacts substantially all of our business directly and indirectly through subsidiaries. Our
primary assets are the stock of our operating subsidiaries. Our ability to meet our obligations on our outstanding debt and to pay
dividends and our general and administrative expenses depends on the surplus and earnings of our subsidiaries and the ability of
our subsidiaries to pay dividends or to advance or repay funds to us.
In addition, our insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain insurance department regulatory restrictions as to the transfer of
funds and payment of dividends to the holding company. Under Indiana laws and regulations, our Indiana insurance subsidiaries,
including our primary insurance subsidiary, LNL, may pay dividends to LNC only from unassigned surplus, without prior approval
of the Indiana Insurance Commissioner (the “Commissioner”), or must receive prior approval of the Commissioner to pay a
dividend if such dividend, along with all other dividends paid within the preceding twelve consecutive months, would exceed the
statutory limitation. The current statutory limitation is the greater of (i) 10% of the insurer’s policyholders’ surplus, as shown on its
last annual statement on file with the Commissioner or (ii) the insurer’s statutory net gain from operations for the previous twelve
months, but in no event to exceed statutory unassigned surplus. Indiana law gives Commissioner broad discretion to disapprove
24
requests for dividends in excess of these limits. The states of domicile of our other major insurance subsidiaries, JP Life, JPFIC
and JPLA, have similar, but not identical, restrictions.
Indiana law also provides that following the payment of any dividend, the insurer’s policyholders’ surplus must be reasonable
in relation to its outstanding liabilities and adequate for its financial needs, and permits the Indiana Insurance Commissioner to
bring an action to rescind a dividend which violates these standards. In the event that the Indiana Insurance Commissioner
determines that the policyholders’ surplus of one subsidiary is inadequate, the Commissioner could use his or her broad
discretionary authority to seek to require us to apply payments received from another subsidiary for the benefit of that insurance
subsidiary. For information regarding dividends paid to us during 2006 from our insurance subsidiaries, see “Review of
Consolidated Financial Condition—Sources of Liquidity and Cash Flow” in our MD&A.
As stated above, LNL is also an accredited reinsurer in the state of New York. As a result, it is also subject to the certain
regulatory requirements of the state of New York. These regulations include reserve requirements, which differ from Indiana’s
requirements. The New York regulations require LNL to report more reserves to the state of New York. As a result, the level of
statutory surplus that LNL reports to New York is less than the statutory surplus reported to Indiana and the National Association
of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”). If New York requires us to maintain a higher level of capital to remain an accredited
reinsurer in New York, LNL’s ability to pay dividends to LNC could be constrained. However, we do not expect the New York
reserve requirements to constrain LNL’s ability to pay dividends during 2007. For further information on the ability of our
subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, see “Review of Consolidated Financial Condition—Sources of Liquidity and Cash Flow” in the
MD&A.
Lincoln UK’s insurance subsidiaries are regulated by the U.K. Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) and are subject to capital
requirements as defined by the U.K. Capital Resources Requirement. Lincoln UK targets maintaining approximately 1.5 to 2.0
times the required capital as prescribed by the regulatory resource requirement. Effective January 1, 2005, all insurance companies
operating in the U.K. also have to complete a risk-based capital (“RBC”) assessment to demonstrate to the FSA that they hold
sufficient capital to cover their risks. RBC requirements in the U.K. are different than the NAIC requirements. In addition, the
FSA imposes certain minimum capital requirements for the combined U.K. subsidiaries. As is the case with regulated insurance
companies in the U.S., future changes to regulatory capital requirements could impact the dividend capacity of our U.K. insurance
subsidiaries and cash flow to the holding company.
Risk-Based Capital
The NAIC has adopted risk-based capital requirements for life insurance companies to evaluate the adequacy of statutory
capital and surplus in relation to investment and insurance risks. The requirements provide a means of measuring the minimum
amount of statutory surplus appropriate for an insurance company to support its overall business operations based on its size and
risk profile. There are five major risks involved in determining the requirements.
Category
Asset Risk – Affiliates
Asset Risk – Other
Insurance Risk
Interest Rate Risk, Health
Credit Risk and Market Risk
Name
C-0
C-1
C-2
C-3
Business Risk
C-4
Description
Risk of assets’ default for certain affiliated investments
Risk of assets’ default of principal and interest or fluctuation in fair value
Risk of underestimating liabilities from business already written or inadequately
pricing business to be written in the future
Risk of losses due to changes in interest rate levels, risk that health benefits
prepaid to providers become the obligation of the health insurer once again and
risk of loss due to changes in market levels associated with variable products with
guarantees
Risk of general business
A company’s risk-based statutory surplus is calculated by applying factors and performing calculations relating to various
asset, premium, claim, expense and reserve items. Regulators can then measure adequacy of a company’s statutory surplus by
comparing it to the risk-based capital determined by the formula. Under RBC requirements, regulatory compliance is determined
by the ratio of a company’s total adjusted capital, as defined by the NAIC, to its company action level of RBC (known as the RBC
ratio), also as defined by the NAIC.
25
Four levels of regulatory attention may be triggered if the RBC ratio is insufficient:
•
•
•
•
“Company action level”—If the RBC ratio is between 75% and 100%, then the insurer must submit a plan to the
regulator detailing corrective action it proposes to undertake.
“Regulatory action level”—If the RBC ratio is between 50% and 75%, then the insurer must submit a plan, but a
regulator may also issue a corrective order requiring the insurer to comply within a specified period.
“Authorized control level”—If the RBC ratio is between 35% and 50%, then the regulatory response is the same as at
the “Regulatory action level,” but in addition, the regulator may take action to rehabilitate or liquidate the insurer.
“Mandatory control level”—If the RBC ratio is less than 35%, then the regulator must rehabilitate or liquidate the
insurer.
At December 31, 2006, the RBC ratios of LNL, JP Life, JPFIC, JPLA, First Penn and LLANY reported to their respective
states of domicile and the NAIC all exceeded the “Company action level.” We believe that we will be able to maintain the RBC
ratios of our insurance subsidiaries in excess of “Company action level” through prudent underwriting, claims handling, investing
and capital management. However, no assurances can be given that developments affecting the insurance subsidiaries, many of
which could be outside of our control, including but not limited to changes in the regulatory environment, including changes to the
manner in which the RBC ratio is calculated, economic conditions and competitive conditions in the jurisdictions in which we
write business, will not cause the RBC ratios to fall below required levels resulting in a corresponding regulatory response.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2006, we had a total of 10,744 employees. None of our employees are represented by a labor union, and
we are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements. We consider our employee relations to be good.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other documents with the SEC under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC
at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the
operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, the SEC maintains an Internet website that
contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including LNC, that file electronically
with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that we file with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
We also make available, free of charge, on or through our Internet website (http://www.lfg.com) our Annual Report on
Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished
pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material
with, or furnish it to, the SEC.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks described below before investing in our securities. The risks and uncertainties
described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we
currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially affected. In that case, the value of our securities could decline substantially.
Risk Factors in connection with Our Business
Our reserves for future policy benefits and claims related to our current and future business as well as businesses we
may acquire in the future may prove to be inadequate.
Our reserves for future policy benefits and claims may prove to be inadequate. We establish and carry, as a liability, reserves
based on estimates of how much we will need to pay for future benefits and claims. For our life insurance and annuity products,
we calculate these reserves based on many assumptions and estimates, including estimated premiums we will receive over the
assumed life of the policy, the timing of the event covered by the insurance policy, the lapse rate of the policies, the amount of
benefits or claims to be paid and the investment returns on the assets we purchase with the premiums we receive. The
assumptions and estimates we use in connection with establishing and carrying our reserves are inherently uncertain. Accordingly,
26
we cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts that we will pay, or the timing of payment of, actual benefits and claims
or whether the assets supporting the policy liabilities will grow to the level we assume prior to payment of benefits or claims. If
our actual experience is different from our assumptions or estimates, our reserves may prove to be inadequate in relation to our
estimated future benefits and claims. As a result, we would incur a charge to our earnings in the quarter in which we increase our
reserves.
Because the equity markets and other factors impact the profitability and expected profitability of many of our products,
changes in equity markets and other factors may significantly affect our business and profitability.
The fee revenue that we earn on equity-based variable annuities, unit-linked accounts, variable universal life insurance
policies and investment advisory business, is based upon account values. Because strong equity markets result in higher account
values, strong equity markets positively affect our net income through increased fee revenue. Conversely, a weakening of the
equity markets results in lower fee income and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and capital
resources.
The increased fee revenue resulting from strong equity markets increases the expected gross profits (“EGPs”) from variable
insurance products as do better than expected lapses, mortality rates and expenses. As a result, the higher EGPs may result in
lower net amortized costs related to deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”), deferred sales inducements (“DSI”), value of business
acquired (“VOBA”), and deferred front-end sales loads (“DFEL”). However, a decrease in the equity market as well as increases in
lapses, mortality rates and expenses depending upon their significance, may result in higher net amortized costs associated with
DAC, DSI, VOBA and DFEL and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and capital resources. For more
information on DAC, DSI, VOBA and DFEL amortization, see “Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies” below.
Changes in the equity markets, interest rates and/or volatility affects the profitability of our products with guaranteed
benefits, therefore, such changes may have a material adverse effect on our business and profitability.
The amount of reserves related to the guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”) for variable annuities is tied to the
difference between the value of the underlying accounts and the guaranteed death benefit, calculated using a benefit ratio approach.
The GMDB reserves take into account the present value of total expected GMDB payments and the present value of total
expected assessments over the life of the contract and claims and assessments to date. The amount of reserves related to the
guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed income benefits (“GIB”) for variable annuities is based on
the fair value of the underlying benefit. Both the level of expected GMDB payments and expected total assessments used in
calculating the benefit ratio are affected by the equity markets. The liabilities related to GMWB and GIB benefits valued at fair
value are impacted by changes in equity markets, interest rates and volatility. Accordingly, strong equity markets will decrease the
amount of GMDB reserves that we must carry, and strong equity markets, increases in interest rates and decreases in volatility will
generally decrease the fair value of the liabilities underlying the GMWB and GIB benefits.
Conversely, a decrease in the equity markets will increase the net amount at risk under the GMDB benefits we offer as part
of our variable annuity products, which has the effect of increasing the amount of GMDB reserves that we must carry. Also, a
decrease in the equity market along with a decrease in interest rates and an increase in volatility will generally result in an increase in
the fair value of the liabilities underlying GMWB and GIB benefits, which has the effect of increasing the amount of GMWB and
GIB reserves that we must carry. Such an increase in reserves would result in a charge to our earnings in the quarter in which we
increase our reserves. We maintain a customized dynamic hedge program that is designed to mitigate the risks associated with
income volatility around the change in reserves on guaranteed benefits. However, the hedge positions may not be effective to
exactly offset the changes in the carrying value of the guarantees due to, among other things, the time lag between changes in their
values and corresponding changes in the hedge positions, extreme swings or liquidity in the equity and derivatives markets,
contractholder behavior different than expected, and divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and hedging
indices. For more information on our hedging program, see “Critical Accounting Policies—Insurance and Investment Contract
Obligations” in the MD&A.
Changes in interest rates may cause interest rate spreads to decrease and may result in increased contract withdrawals.
Because the profitability of our fixed annuity and interest-sensitive whole life, universal life and fixed portion of variable
universal life insurance business depends in part on interest rate spreads, interest rate fluctuations could negatively affect our
profitability. Changes in interest rates may reduce both our profitability from spread businesses and our return on invested capital.
Some of our products, principally fixed annuities and interest-sensitive whole life, universal life and the fixed portion of variable
universal life insurance, have interest rate guarantees that expose us to the risk that changes in interest rates will reduce our
“spread,” or the difference between the amounts that we are required to pay under the contracts and the amounts we are able to
27
earn on our general account investments intended to support our obligations under the contracts. Declines in our spread or
instances where the returns on our general account investments are not enough to support the interest rate guarantees on these
products could have a material adverse effect on our businesses or results of operations.
In periods of increasing interest rates, we may not be able to replace the assets in our general account with higher yielding
assets needed to fund the higher crediting rates necessary to keep our interest sensitive products competitive. We therefore may
have to accept a lower spread and thus lower profitability or face a decline in sales and greater loss of existing contracts and related
assets. In periods of declining interest rates, we have to reinvest the cash we receive as interest or return of principal on our
investments in lower yielding instruments then available. Moreover, borrowers may prepay fixed-income securities, commercial
mortgages and mortgage-backed securities in our general account in order to borrow at lower market rates, which exacerbates this
risk. Because we are entitled to reset the interest rates on our fixed rate annuities only at limited, pre-established intervals, and
since many of our policies have guaranteed minimum interest or crediting rates, our spreads could decrease and potentially become
negative.
Increases in interest rates may cause increased surrenders and withdrawals of insurance products. In periods of increasing
interest rates, policy loans and surrenders and withdrawals of life insurance policies and annuity contracts may increase as
policyholders seek to buy products with perceived higher returns. This process may lead to a flow of cash out of our businesses.
These outflows may require investment assets to be sold at a time when the prices of those assets are lower because of the increase
in market interest rates, which may result in realized investment losses. A sudden demand among consumers to change product
types or withdraw funds could lead us to sell assets at a loss to meet the demand for funds.
A downgrade in our financial strength or credit ratings could limit our ability to market products, increase the number
or value of policies being surrendered and/or hurt our relationships with creditors.
Nationally recognized rating agencies rate the financial strength of our principal insurance subsidiaries and rate our debt.
Ratings are not recommendations to buy our securities. Each of the rating agencies reviews its ratings periodically, and our current
ratings may not be maintained in the future. Please see “Item 1. Business--Ratings” above for a complete description of our
ratings.
Our financial strength ratings, which are intended to measure our ability to meet policyholder obligations, are an important
factor affecting public confidence in most of our products and, as a result, our competitiveness. The interest rates we pay on our
borrowings are largely dependent on our credit ratings. A downgrade of the financial strength rating of one of our principal
insurance subsidiaries could affect our competitive position in the insurance industry and make it more difficult for us to market
our products as potential customers may select companies with higher financial strength ratings. This could lead to a decrease in
fees as outflows of assets increase, and therefore, result in lower fee income. Furthermore, sales of assets to meet customer
withdrawal demands could also result in losses, depending on market conditions. A downgrade of our debt ratings could affect our
ability to raise additional debt with terms and conditions similar to our current debt, and accordingly, likely increase our cost of
capital. In addition, a downgrade of these ratings could make it more difficult to raise capital to refinance any maturing debt
obligations, to support business growth at our insurance subsidiaries and to maintain or improve the current financial strength
ratings of our principal insurance subsidiaries described above.
A drop in the rankings of the mutual funds that we manage as well as a loss of key portfolio managers could result in
lower advisory fees.
While mutual funds are not rated, per se, many industry periodicals and services, such as Lipper, provide rankings of mutual
fund performance. These rankings often have an impact on the decisions of customers regarding which mutual funds to invest in.
If the rankings of the mutual funds for which we provide advisory services decrease materially, the funds’ assets may decrease as
customers leave for funds with higher performance rankings. Similarly, a loss of our key portfolio managers who manage mutual
fund investments could result in poorer fund performance, as well as customers leaving these mutual funds for new mutual funds
managed by the portfolio managers. Any loss of fund assets would decrease the advisory fees that we earn from such mutual
funds, which are generally tied to the amount of fund assets and performance. This would have an adverse effect on our results of
operations.
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Our businesses are heavily regulated and changes in regulation may reduce our profitability.
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to extensive supervision and regulation in the states in which we do business. The
supervision and regulation relate to numerous aspects of our business and financial condition. The primary purpose of the
supervision and regulation is the protection of our insurance policyholders, and not our investors. The extent of regulation varies,
but generally is governed by state statutes. These statutes delegate regulatory, supervisory and administrative authority to state
insurance departments. This system of supervision and regulation covers, among other things:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
standards of minimum capital requirements and solvency, including risk-based capital measurements;
restrictions of certain transactions between our insurance subsidiaries and their affiliates;
restrictions on the nature, quality and concentration of investments;
restrictions on the types of terms and conditions that we can include in the insurance policies offered by our primary
insurance operations;
limitations on the amount of dividends that insurance subsidiaries can pay;
the existence and licensing status of the company under circumstances where it is not writing new or renewal business;
certain required methods of accounting;
reserves for unearned premiums, losses and other purposes; and
assignment of residual market business and potential assessments for the provision of funds necessary for the
settlement of covered claims under certain policies provided by impaired, insolvent or failed insurance companies.
We may be unable to maintain all required licenses and approvals and our business may not fully comply with the wide
variety of applicable laws and regulations or the relevant authority’s interpretation of the laws and regulations, which may change
from time to time. Also, regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion to grant, renew or revoke licenses and approvals. If
we do not have the requisite licenses and approvals or do not comply with applicable regulatory requirements, the insurance
regulatory authorities could preclude or temporarily suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or impose substantial
fines. Further, insurance regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion to issue orders of supervision, which permit such
authorities to supervise the business and operations of an insurance company. As of December 31, 2006, no state insurance
regulatory authority had imposed on us any substantial fines or revoked or suspended any of our licenses to conduct insurance
business in any state or issued an order of supervision with respect to our insurance subsidiaries, which would have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, LFN and LFD, as well as our variable annuities and variable life insurance products, are subject to regulation and
supervision by the SEC and the National Association of Securities Dealers (“NASD”). Our Investment Management segment, like
other investment management companies, is subject to regulation and supervision by the SEC, NASD, the Municipal Securities
Rulemaking Board, the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and jurisdictions of the states, territories and foreign countries in
which they are licensed to do business. Lincoln UK is subject to regulation by the Financial Services Authority in the U.K. These
laws and regulations generally grant supervisory agencies and self-regulatory organizations broad administrative powers, including
the power to limit or restrict the subsidiaries from carrying on their businesses in the event that they fail to comply with such laws
and regulations. Finally, our television and radio operations require a license, subject to periodic renewal, from the FCC to operate.
While management considers the likelihood of a failure to renew remote, any station that fails to receive renewal would be forced
to cease operations.
Many of the foregoing regulatory or governmental bodies have the authority to review our products and business practices
and those of our agents and employees. In recent years, there has been increased scrutiny of our businesses by these bodies, which
has included more extensive examinations, regular “sweep” inquiries and more detailed review of disclosure documents. These
regulatory or governmental bodies may bring regulatory or other legal actions against us if, in their view, our practices, or those of
our agents or employees, are improper. These actions can result in substantial fines, penalties or prohibitions or restrictions on our
business activities and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
For further information on regulatory matters relating to us, see “Item 1. Business--Regulatory” above.
Legal and regulatory actions are inherent in our businesses and could result in financial losses or harm our businesses.
There continues to be a significant amount of federal and state regulatory activity in the industry relating to numerous issues
including, but not limited to, market timing and late trading of mutual fund and variable and indexed insurance products and
broker-dealer access arrangements. Like others in the industry, we have received inquiries including requests for information
29
and/or subpoenas from various authorities including the SEC, NASD and the New York Attorney General, as well as notices of
potential proceedings from the SEC and NASD. We are in the process of responding to, and in some cases have settled or are in
the process of settling, certain of these inquiries and potential proceedings. We continue to cooperate fully with such authorities.
In addition, we are, and in the future may be, subject to legal actions in the ordinary course of our insurance and investment
management operations, both domestically and internationally. Pending legal actions include proceedings relating to aspects of our
businesses and operations that are specific to us and proceedings that are typical of the businesses in which we operate. Some of
these proceedings have been brought on behalf of various alleged classes of complainants. In certain of these matters, the
plaintiffs are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. Substantial legal liability in
these or future legal or regulatory actions could have a material financial effect or cause significant harm to our reputation, which in
turn could materially harm our business prospects.
Changes in U.S. federal income tax law could make some of our products less attractive to consumers and increase our
tax costs.
The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (“EGTRRA”) as well as the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief
Reconciliation Act of 2003 contain provisions that have and will continue, near term, to significantly lower individual tax rates.
These may have the effect of reducing the benefits of deferral on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance products.
EGTRRA also includes provisions that will eliminate, over time, the estate, gift and generation-skipping taxes and partially
eliminate the step-up in basis rule applicable to property held in a decedent’s estate. Many of these provisions expire in 2010,
unless extended. The Bush Administration continues to propose that many of the foregoing rate reductions, as well as elimination
of the estate tax, be made permanent, and continues to propose several tax-favored savings initiatives, that, if enacted by Congress,
could also adversely affect the sale of our annuity, life and tax-qualified retirement products and increase the surrender of such
products. Although we cannot predict the overall effect on the sales of our products of the tax law changes included in these Acts,
some of these changes might hinder our sales and result in the increased surrender of insurance products.
Our risk management policies and procedures may leave us exposed to unidentified or unanticipated risk, which could
negatively affect our businesses or result in losses.
We have devoted significant resources to develop our risk management policies and procedures and expect to continue to do
so in the future. Nonetheless, our policies and procedures to identify, monitor and manage risks may not be fully effective. Many
of our methods of managing risk and exposures are based upon our use of observed historical market behavior or statistics based
on historical models. As a result, these methods may not predict future exposures, which could be significantly greater than the
historical measures indicate, such as the risk of pandemics causing a large number of deaths. Other risk management methods
depend upon the evaluation of information regarding markets, clients, catastrophe occurrence or other matters that is publicly
available or otherwise accessible to us, which may not always be accurate, complete, up-to-date or properly evaluated. Management
of operational, legal and regulatory risks requires, among other things, policies and procedures to record properly and verify a large
number of transactions and events, and these policies and procedures may not be fully effective.
Because we are a holding company with no direct operations, the inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us in
sufficient amounts would harm our ability to meet our obligations.
We are a holding company, and we have no direct operations. Our principal asset is the capital stock of our insurance,
investment management and communication company subsidiaries.
Our ability to meet our obligations for payment of interest and principal on outstanding debt obligations and to pay
dividends to shareholders and corporate expenses depends upon the surplus and earnings of our subsidiaries and the ability of our
subsidiaries to pay dividends or to advance or repay funds to us. Payments of dividends and advances or repayment of funds to us
by our insurance subsidiaries are restricted by the applicable laws of their respective jurisdictions, including laws establishing
minimum solvency and liquidity thresholds. Changes in these laws can constrain the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or
to advance or repay funds to us in sufficient amounts and at times necessary to meet our debt obligations and corporate expenses.
We face a risk of non-collectibility of reinsurance, which could materially affect our results of operations.
We follow the insurance practice of reinsuring with other insurance and reinsurance companies a portion of the risks under
the policies written by our insurance subsidiaries (known as ceding). At the end of 2006, we have ceded approximately $334 billion
of life insurance in-force to reinsurers for reinsurance protection. Although reinsurance does not discharge our subsidiaries from
their primary obligation to pay policyholders for losses insured under the policies we issue, reinsurance does make the assuming
reinsurer liable to the insurance subsidiaries for the reinsured portion of the risk. As of December 31, 2006, we had $7.9 billion of
reinsurance receivables from reinsurers for paid and unpaid losses, for which they are obligated to reimburse us under our
30
reinsurance contracts. Of this amount, $4.1 billion relates to the sale of our reinsurance business to Swiss Re in 2001 through an
indemnity reinsurance agreement. During 2004, Swiss Re funded a trust to support this business. The balance in the trust changes
as a result of ongoing reinsurance activity and was $1.9 billion at December 31, 2006. In addition, should Swiss Re’s financial
strength ratings drop below either S&P AA- or AM Best A or their NAIC risk-based capital ratio fall below 250%, assets equal to
the reserves supporting business reinsured must be placed into a trust according to pre-established asset quality guidelines.
Furthermore, approximately $2.1 billion of the Swiss Re treaties are funds-withheld structures where we have a right of offset on
assets backing the reinsurance receivables.
During the third quarter one of LNL’s reinsurers, Scottish Re Group Ltd (“Scottish Re”), received rating downgrades from
various rating agencies. Of the $1.2 billion of fixed annuity business that LNL reinsures with Scottish Re, approximately 78% is
reinsured through the use of modified coinsurance treaties, in which LNL possesses the investments that support the reserves
ceded to Scottish Re. For its annuity business ceded on a coinsurance basis, Scottish Re had previously established an irrevocable
investment trust for the benefit of LNL that supports the reserves. In addition to fixed annuities, LNL has approximately $84
million of policy liabilities on the life insurance business it reinsures with Scottish Re. Scottish Re continues to perform under its
contractual responsibilities to LNL.
The balance of the reinsurance is due from a diverse group of reinsurers. The collectibility of reinsurance is largely a
function of the solvency of the individual reinsurers. We perform annual credit reviews on our reinsurers, focusing on, among
other things, financial capacity, stability, trends and commitment to the reinsurance business. We also require assets in trust, letters
of credit or other acceptable collateral to support balances due from reinsurers not authorized to transact business in the applicable
jurisdictions. Despite these measures, a reinsurer’s insolvency, inability or unwillingness to make payments under the terms of a
reinsurance contract, especially Swiss Re, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Significant adverse mortality experience may result in the loss of, or higher prices for, reinsurance.
We reinsure a significant amount of the mortality risk on fully underwritten newly issued, individual life insurance contracts.
We regularly review retention limits for continued appropriateness and they may be changed in the future. If we were to
experience adverse mortality or morbidity experience, a significant portion of that would be reimbursed by our reinsurers.
Prolonged or severe adverse mortality or morbidity experience could result in increased reinsurance costs, and ultimately, reinsurers
not willing to offer coverage. If we are unable to maintain our current level of reinsurance or purchase new reinsurance protection
in amounts that we consider sufficient, we would either have to be willing to accept an increase in our net exposures or revise our
pricing to reflect higher reinsurance premiums. If this were to occur, we may be exposed to reduced profitability and cash flow
strain or we may not be able to price new business at competitive rates.
Catastrophes may adversely impact liabilities for policyholder claims and the availability of reinsurance.
Our insurance operations are exposed to the risk of catastrophic mortality, such as a pandemic, an act of terrorism or other
event that causes a large number of deaths or injuries. Significant influenza pandemics have occurred three times in the last
century, but the likelihood, timing, or the severity of a future pandemic cannot be predicted. In our group insurance operations, a
localized event that affects the workplace of one or more of our group insurance customers could cause a significant loss due to
mortality or morbidity claims. These events could cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any period and,
depending on their severity, could also materially and adversely affect our financial condition.
The extent of losses from a catastrophe is a function of both the total amount of insured exposure in the area affected by the
event and the severity of the event. Pandemics, hurricanes, earthquakes and man-made, including terrorism, catastrophes may
produce significant damage in larger areas, especially those that are heavily populated. Claims resulting from natural or man-made
catastrophic events could cause substantial volatility in our financial results for any fiscal quarter or year and could materially reduce
our profitability or harm our financial condition. Also, catastrophic events could harm the financial condition of our reinsurers and
thereby increase the probability of default on reinsurance recoveries. Accordingly, our ability to write new business could also be
affected.
Consistent with industry practice and accounting standards, we establish liabilities for claims arising from a catastrophe only
after assessing the probable losses arising from the event. We cannot be certain that the liabilities we have established will be
adequate to cover actual claim liabilities, and a catastrophic event or multiple catastrophic events could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
31
We may be unable to attract and retain sales representatives and other employees, particularly financial advisors.
We compete to attract and retain financial advisors, wholesalers, portfolio managers and other employees, as well as
independent distributors of our products. Intense competition exists for persons and independent distributors with demonstrated
ability. We compete with other financial institutions primarily on the basis of our products, compensation, support services and
financial position. Sales in our businesses and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely
affected if we are unsuccessful in attracting and retaining financial advisors, wholesalers, portfolio managers and other employees,
as well as independent distributors of our products.
Our sales representatives are not captive and may sell products of our competitors.
We sell our annuity and life insurance products through independent sales representatives. These representatives are not
captive, which means they may also sell our competitors’ products. If our competitors offer products that are more attractive than
ours, or pay higher commission rates to the sales representatives than we do, these representatives may concentrate their efforts in
selling our competitors’ products instead of ours.
Intense competition could negatively affect our ability to maintain or increase our profitability.
Our businesses are intensely competitive. We compete based on a number of factors including name recognition, service,
the quality of investment advice, investment performance, product features, price, perceived financial strength, and claims-paying
and credit ratings. Our competitors include insurers, broker-dealers, financial advisors, asset managers and other financial
institutions. A number of our business units face competitors that have greater market share, offer a broader range of products or
have higher financial strength or credit ratings than we do.
In recent years, there has been substantial consolidation and convergence among companies in the financial services industry
resulting in increased competition from large, well-capitalized financial services firms. Many of these firms also have been able to
increase their distribution systems through mergers or contractual arrangements. Furthermore, larger competitors may have lower
operating costs and an ability to absorb greater risk while maintaining their financial strength ratings, thereby allowing them to
price their products more competitively. We expect consolidation to continue and perhaps accelerate in the future, thereby
increasing competitive pressure on us.
Losses due to defaults by others could reduce our profitability or negatively affect the value of our investments.
Third parties that owe us money, securities or other assets may not pay or perform their obligations. These parties include
the issuers whose securities we hold, borrowers under the mortgage loans we make, customers, trading counterparties,
counterparties under swaps and other derivative contracts, reinsurers and other financial intermediaries. These parties may default
on their obligations to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity, downturns in the economy or real estate values, operational failure,
corporate governance issues or other reasons. A downturn in the United States and other economies could result in increased
impairments.
We may have difficulty integrating Jefferson-Pilot and may incur substantial unexpected costs in connection with the
integration.
We may experience material unanticipated difficulties or expenses in connection with integrating Jefferson-Pilot, especially
given the relatively large size of the merger. Integrating Jefferson-Pilot with us is a complex, time-consuming and expensive
process. Before the merger, we and Jefferson-Pilot operated independently, each with its own business, products, customers,
employees, culture and systems.
We may seek to combine certain operations, functions and legal entities using common information and communication
systems, operating procedures, financial controls and human resource practices, including training, professional development and
benefit programs. We may be unsuccessful or delayed in implementing the integration of these systems and processes, which may
cause increased operating costs, worse than anticipated financial performance or the loss of clients, employees and agents. Many of
these factors are outside our control.
Anti-takeover provisions could delay, deter or prevent our change in control even if the change in control would be
beneficial to LNC shareholders.
We are an Indiana corporation subject to Indiana state law. Certain provisions of Indiana law could interfere with or restrict
takeover bids or other change in control events affecting us. Also, provisions in our articles of incorporation, bylaws and other
32
agreements to which we are a party could delay, deter or prevent our change in control, even if a change in control would be
beneficial to shareholders. In addition, under Indiana law, directors may, in considering the best interests of a corporation,
consider the effects of any action on stockholders, employees, suppliers and customers of the corporation and the communities in
which offices and other facilities are located, and other factors the directors consider pertinent. One statutory provision prohibits,
except under specified circumstances, LNC from engaging in any business combination with any shareholder who owns 10% or
more of our common stock (which shareholder, under the statute, would be considered an “interested shareholder”) for a period
of five years following the time that such shareholder became an interested shareholder, unless such business combination is
approved by the board of directors prior to such person becoming an interested shareholder. In addition, our articles of
incorporation contain a provision requiring holders of at least three-fourths of our voting shares then outstanding and entitled to
vote at an election of directors, voting together, to approve a transaction with an interested shareholder rather than the simple
majority required under Indiana law.
In addition to the anti-takeover provisions of Indiana law, there are other factors that may delay, deter or prevent our change
in control. As an insurance holding company, we are regulated as an insurance holding company and are subject to the insurance
holding company acts of the states in which our insurance company subsidiaries are domiciled. The insurance holding company
acts and regulations restrict the ability of any person to obtain control of an insurance company without prior regulatory approval.
Under those statutes and regulations, without such approval (or an exemption), no person may acquire any voting security of a
domestic insurance company, or an insurance holding company which controls an insurance company, or merge with such a
holding company, if as a result of such transaction such person would “control” the insurance holding company or insurance
company. “Control” is generally defined as the direct or indirect power to direct or cause the direction of the management and
policies of a person and is presumed to exist if a person directly or indirectly owns or controls 10% or more of the voting securities
of another person.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Properties
LNC and the various operating businesses own or lease approximately 3.8 million square feet of office space. We lease 0.4
million square feet of office space in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for our corporate center and for the Investment Management
segment, LFD and LFN. The operating units in the Fort Wayne, Indiana and Greensboro, North Carolina areas own or lease 1.4
million square feet. Also, businesses operating in the Chicago, Illinois metro area, Atlanta, Georgia, Omaha, Nebraska, Concord,
New Hampshire, Hartford, Connecticut and the United Kingdom own or lease another 0.9 million square feet of office space. An
additional 1.1 million square feet of office space is owned or leased in other U.S. cities for branch offices and other operations. As
provided in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K, the rental expense on operating
leases for office space and equipment totaled $66 million for 2006. This discussion regarding properties does not include
information on investment properties.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
For information regarding legal proceedings, see “Regulatory and Litigation Matters” in Note 10 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.
33
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
During the fourth quarter of 2006, no matters were submitted to security holders for a vote.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Executive Officers of the Registrant as of February 28, 2007 were as follows:
Name
Age**
Position with LNC and Business Experience During the Past Five Years
Jon A. Boscia
54
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director (since 2001). President and Director,
The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company * (1998-2004).
Charles C. Cornelio
47
Senior Vice President, Shared Services and Chief Information Officer (since April 2006).
Executive Vice President, Technology and Insurance Services, Jefferson-Pilot (2004-April
2006). Senior Vice President, Jefferson-Pilot (1997-2004).
Patrick P. Coyne
43
President of Lincoln National Investment Company, Inc.* and Delaware Management
Holdings, Inc.* (since July 2006). Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer,
Lincoln National Investment Company, Inc. and Delaware Management Holdings, Inc.
(2003-July 2006). Senior Vice President and Deputy Chief Investment Officer, Lincoln
National Investment Company, Inc. and Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. (2002-
2003).
Frederick J. Crawford
43
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since 2005). Vice President and
Treasurer (2001-2004).
Robert W. Dineen
57
President, Lincoln Financial Advisors* (since 2002). Senior Vice President, Managed
Asset Group, Merrill Lynch, a diversified financial services company (2001-2002).
Heather C. Dzielak
38
Dennis R. Glass
57
Mark E. Konen
47
Senior Vice President, Retirement Income Security Ventures* (since September 2006);
Vice President, Lincoln National Life Insurance Company* (December 2003-September
2006); Vice President of Sales—Chief Administrative Officer, ING USA Annuity and Life
Insurance Co. (May-November 2003); Vice President of Sales—Income Annuity Product
Line Leader, ING USA Annuity and Life Insurance Co. (2001-2003).
President, Chief Operating Officer and Director (since April 2006). President and Chief
Executive Officer, Jefferson-Pilot (2004-April 2006). President and Chief Operating
Officer, Jefferson-Pilot (2001-April 2006). Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer, Jefferson-Pilot (1993-2001).
President, Individual Markets* (since April 2006). Executive Vice President, Life and
Annuity Manufacturing, Jefferson-Pilot (2004-April 2006). Executive Vice President,
Product/Financial Management (2002-2004). Executive Vice President, Product
Development, M&A (2000-2002).
Barbara S. Kowalczyk
55
Senior Vice President, Corporate Planning and Development (since 1994).
Elizabeth L. Reeves
53
Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer (since 2005). Senior Vice
President, Human Resources, The ServiceMaster Company, a home services company
(2002-2004). Executive Vice President, Human Resources, BCOM 3 Group (now
Publicis), a communications company (2000-2002).
34
Name
Age**
Position with LNC and Business Experience During the Past Five Years
Dennis L. Schoff
47
Senior Vice President, LNC and General Counsel (since 2002). Vice President and
Deputy General Counsel (2001-2002). Vice President and Associate General Counsel
(2000-2001).
Michael Tallett-Williams
53
President and Managing Director, Lincoln National (UK)* (since 2000). Chief
Financial Officer, Lincoln National (UK)* (1995-2000).
Westley V. Thompson
52
President, Employer Markets* (since April 2006). Chief Executive Officer and
President, Lincoln Financial Distributors (2000-April 2006). Senior Vice President,
Lincoln Life and Annuity Distributors (1998-2002).
Denotes an affiliate of LNC.
*
** Age shown is based on the officer’s age as of February 28, 2007.
35
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
(a) Stock Market and Dividend Information
The dividend on our common stock is declared each quarter by our Board of Directors. In determining dividends, the Board
takes into consideration items such as our financial condition, including current and expected earnings, projected cash flows and
anticipated financing needs. For potential restrictions on our ability to pay dividends, see “Item 7—MD&A—Review of
Consolidated Financial Condition” and Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The range of market prices and cash
dividends declared by calendar quarter for the past two years are as follows:
Common Stock Data: (per share)
2006
High
Low
Dividend declared
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
$
57.97
52.00
0.380
$
60.52
54.30
0.380
$
63.47
53.94
0.380
$
66.72
61.74
0.395
2005
High
Low
Dividend declared
$
49.42
44.36
0.365
$
47.77
41.59
0.365
$
52.42
46.59
0.365
$
54.41
46.94
0.380
At December 31, 2006, the number of shareholders of record of LNC’s common stock was 12,256.
Exchanges: New York and Chicago.
Stock Exchange Symbol: LNC
(b) Not Applicable
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table summarizes purchases of equity securities by the issuer during the quarter ended December 31, 2006:
(a) Total
Number
of Shares
(or Units)
Purchased (1)
2,924
(b) Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)
$
63.69
(c) Total Number
of Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (2)
-
(d) Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (in millions) (3)
$
221.6
Period
10/1/06 - 10/31/06
11/1/06 - 11/30/06
150,050,317
63.39
150,000,000
12/1/06 - 12/31/06
-
-
-
221.6
221.6
(1) Of the total number of shares purchased, 37,014 shares were received in connection with the exercise of stock options and
related taxes and 13,303 shares were withheld for taxes on the vesting of restricted stock. For the quarter ended December
31, 2006, there was 1.5 billion shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs.
36
(2)
(3)
In January 2006, our Board of Directors approved a $1.6 billion increase in share repurchase authorization, bringing the total
authorization at the time to $1.8 billion. At December 31, 2006, our share repurchase authorization was $649 million. On
February 23, 2007, we announced that our Board approved a $2 billion increase in the authorization, bringing the total
current authorization to $2.6 billion. On February 6, 2007, we announced a $500 million accelerated share buyback program
to be executed by the end of the first quarter of 2007. The amount and timing of share repurchase depends on key capital
ratios, rating agency expectations, the generation of free cash flow and an evaluation of the costs and benefits associated with
alternative uses of capital.
As of the last day of the applicable month.
(d) Information on Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans is in Item 12.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Year Ended December 31
Total revenue
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Cumulative effect of accounting changes
Net income
Per share data: (1)
Net income-diluted
Net income-basic
Common stock dividends
2006
(millions of dollars, except per share data)
2004
2003
2005
2002
$
$
$
$
$
5,475
831
-
831
5,351
732
(25)
707
5,284
767
(255)
512
4,636
49
-
49
$
$
$
$
$
9,063
1,316
-
1,316
$
5.13
5.21
1.535
$
4.72
4.80
1.475
$
3.95
4.01
1.415
$
2.85
2.89
1.355
$
0.26
0.27
1.295
At December 31
Assets
Senior notes
Junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts
Capital securities
Shareholders' equity
Per share data: (1)
Shareholders' equity (including accumulated
$
2006
178,494
2,231
155
1,072
12,201
$
$
(millions of dollars, except per share data)
2004
116,219
1,049
340
-
6,176
2005
124,860
999
334
-
6,384
2003
106,745
1,118
341
-
5,812
$
2002
$
93,185
1,119
393
-
5,348
other comprehensive income)
$
44.21
$
36.69
$
35.53
$
32.56
$
30.10
Shareholders' equity (excluding accumulated
other comprehensive income)
Market value of common stock
41.99
66.40
33.66
53.03
30.17
46.68
27.69
40.37
25.97
31.58
(1)
Per share amounts were affected by the issuance of 112.3 million shares for the acquisition of Jefferson-Pilot and the
retirement of 16.9 million, 2.3 million, 7.6 million and 12.1 million shares of common stock in 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2002,
respectively.
37
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following is a discussion of the financial condition of Lincoln National Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries
(“LNC” or the “Company” which also may be referred to as “we” or “us”) as of December 31, 2006, compared with December
31, 2005, and the results of operations of LNC in 2006 and 2005, compared with the immediately preceding year. On April 3,
2006, LNC completed its merger with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (Jefferson-Pilot). Beginning on April 3, 2006, the results of
operations and financial condition of Jefferson-Pilot, after being adjusted for the effects of purchase accounting, were consolidated
with LNC’s. As part of the merger, we realigned our businesses to conform to the way we intend to manage and assess our
business going forward. Accordingly, all prior period segment results have been adjusted to reflect the new segmentation. The
financial information presented herein for the year ended December 31, 2006, reflects the accounts of LNC for the three months
ended March 31, 2006, and the consolidated accounts of LNC and Jefferson-Pilot for the remainder of 2006. The data presented
herein for the 2005 and 2004 periods reflect the accounts of LNC. The balance sheet information presented below is as of
December 31 for each respective year. The statement of operations information is for the year ended December 31 for each
respective year.
For more information regarding the completion of the merger, including the calculation and allocation of the purchase price,
see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K.
This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes
thereto presented in Item 8 (“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”). You should also read our discussion below of
“Critical Accounting Policies” beginning on page 42 for an explanation of those accounting estimates that we believe are most
important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and that require our most difficult, subjective and
complex judgments. Financial information in the tables that follow is presented in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), unless otherwise indicated. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior
periods’ financial information to conform to the 2006 presentation.
Forward-Looking Statements—Cautionary Language
Certain statements made in this report and in other written or oral statements made by LNC or on LNC’s behalf are
“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PSLRA”). A forward-
looking statement is a statement that is not a historical fact and, without limitation, includes any statement that may predict,
forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance or achievements, and may contain words like: “believe”, “anticipate”,
“expect”, “estimate”, “project”, “will”, “shall” and other words or phrases with similar meaning in connection with a discussion of
future operating or financial performance. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective services or
products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, sales efforts, expenses, the outcome of
contingencies such as legal proceedings, operations, trends or financial results. LNC claims the protection afforded by the safe
harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the PSLRA.
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from the results
contained in the forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to vary materially, some of
which are described within the forward-looking statements include, among others:
•
•
Problems arising with the ability to successfully integrate our and Jefferson-Pilot’s businesses, which may affect our
ability to operate as effectively and efficiently as expected or to achieve the expected synergies from the merger or to
achieve such synergies within our expected timeframe, and the application of purchase price accounting on results of
operations;
Legislative, regulatory or tax changes, both domestic and foreign, that affect the cost of, or demand for, LNC’s
products, the required amount of reserves and/or surplus, or otherwise affect our ability to conduct business,
including changes to statutory reserves and/or risk-based capital requirements related to secondary guarantees under
universal life and variable annuity products such as Actuarial Guideline VACARVM; restrictions on revenue sharing
and 12b-1 payments; and the potential for U.S. Federal tax reform;
• The initiation of legal or regulatory proceedings against LNC or its subsidiaries and the outcome of any legal or
regulatory proceedings, such as: (a) adverse actions related to present or past business practices common in businesses
in which LNC and its subsidiaries compete; (b) adverse decisions in significant actions including, but not limited to,
actions brought by federal and state authorities, and extra-contractual and class action damage cases; (c) new decisions
that result in changes in law; and (d) unexpected trial court rulings;
38
• Changes in interest rates causing a reduction of investment income, the margins of LNC’s fixed annuity and life
insurance businesses and demand for LNC’s products;
• A decline in the equity markets causing a reduction in the sales of LNC’s products, a reduction of asset fees that LNC
charges on various investment and insurance products, an acceleration of amortization of deferred acquisition costs
(“DAC”), value of business acquired (“VOBA”), deferred sales inducements (“DSI”) and deferred front-end loads
(“DFEL”) and an increase in liabilities related to guaranteed benefit features of LNC’s variable annuity products;
•
Ineffectiveness of LNC’s various hedging strategies used to offset the impact of declines in and volatility of the equity
markets;
• A deviation in actual experience regarding future persistency, mortality, morbidity, interest rates or equity market
returns from LNC’s assumptions used in pricing its products, in establishing related insurance reserves, and in the
amortization of intangibles that may result in an increase in reserves and a decrease in net income;
• Changes in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) that may result in unanticipated
changes to LNC’s net income, including the impact of adopting Statement of Position 05-1;
•
•
•
Lowering of one or more of LNC’s debt ratings issued by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, and the
adverse impact such action may have on LNC’s ability to raise capital and on its liquidity and financial condition;
Lowering of one or more of the insurer financial strength ratings of LNC’s insurance subsidiaries and the adverse
impact such action may have on the premium writings, policy retention, and profitability of its insurance subsidiaries;
Significant credit, accounting, fraud or corporate governance issues that may adversely affect the value of certain
investments in the portfolios of LNC’s companies requiring that LNC realize losses on such investments;
• The impact of acquisitions and divestitures, restructurings, product withdrawals and other unusual items, including
LNC’s ability to integrate acquisitions and to obtain the anticipated results and synergies from acquisitions;
• The adequacy and collectibility of reinsurance that LNC has purchased;
• Acts of terrorism, war, or other man-made and natural catastrophes that may adversely affect LNC’s businesses and
the cost and availability of reinsurance;
• Competitive conditions, including pricing pressures, new product offerings and the emergence of new competitors,
that may affect the level of premiums and fees that LNC can charge for its products;
• The unknown impact on LNC’s business resulting from changes in the demographics of LNC’s client base, as aging
baby-boomers move from the asset-accumulation stage to the asset-distribution stage of life;
•
Loss of key management, portfolio managers in the Investment Management segment, financial planners or
wholesalers; and
• Changes in general economic or business conditions, both domestic and foreign, that may be less favorable than
expected and may affect foreign exchange rates, premium levels, claims experience, the level of pension benefit costs
and funding, and investment results.
The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report, including the “Risk Factors” beginning on page 26
and LNC’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and other documents filed with the SEC include
additional factors which could impact LNC’s business and financial performance. Moreover, LNC operates in a rapidly changing
and competitive environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such
risk factors.
Further, it is not possible to assess the impact of all risk factors on LNC’s business or the extent to which any factor, or
combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of
actual results. In addition, LNC disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances that occur after the date of this report.
39
INTRODUCTION
Executive Summary
We are a holding company that operates multiple insurance and investment management businesses as well as broadcasting
and sports programming business through subsidiary companies. Through our business segments, we sell a wide range of wealth
protection, accumulation and retirement income products and solutions. These products include institutional and/or retail fixed
and indexed annuities, variable annuities, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, linked-benefit universal life, term
life insurance, mutual funds and managed accounts.
Our individual products and services are distributed primarily through brokers, planners, agents and other intermediaries with
sales and marketing support provided by the 479 wholesalers within Lincoln Financial Distributors (“LFD”), our wholesaling
distributor. Our group products and services are distributed primarily through financial advisors, employee benefit brokers, third
party administrators, and other employee benefit firms with sales support provided by Lincoln’s Employer Markets group and
retirement sales specialists. Our retail distributor, Lincoln Financial Network, offers LNC and non-proprietary products and
advisory services through a national network of approximately 4,100 full-time financial planners and advisors, along with more
than 11,000 general agents, all operating under multiple affiliation models and open architecture.
On April 3, 2006, Jefferson-Pilot, a financial services and broadcasting holding company, merged with and into one of our
wholly owned subsidiaries. Through its subsidiaries, Jefferson-Pilot provided products and services in four major businesses: (1)
life insurance, (2) annuities and investment products, (3) group life, disability and dental insurance and (4) broadcasting and sports
programming production and distribution.
As a result of the merger, we provide products and services in five operating businesses: (1) Individual Markets, (2) Employer
Markets, (3) Investment Management, (4) Lincoln UK and (5) Lincoln Financial Media, and are reporting results through seven
business segments. These operating businesses and their segments are described in “Part I, Item 1, Business” of this Form 10-K.
We view our business similar to a columned structure as presented below.
The base of the structure is our employees. Overlaying the base is financial and risk management, and operating efficiency,
which are the cornerstones of our management and business philosophy. Talented employees and strong financial and risk
management provide the foundation from which we operate and grow our company. Our April 2006 combination with Jefferson-
Pilot, well known within the industry for their operational effectiveness, further strengthens the foundation to deliver on our
strategic intent. During 2006 and into 2007, we are making investments in operating efficiencies to integrate and consolidate
administrative systems across the enterprise.
Solutions is one of the pillars of our business. We offer creative product solutions that focus on how each part of a person’s
portfolio can provide either income, accumulation, protection or leverage appropriately during the different phases of the
retirement wealth cycle. To that end, our strategic intent is to be “The Retirement Income Security Company”. Retirement
income security represents all of the risks at various stages of the wealth management cycle, not just the risk of outliving income
during retirement. According to industry studies, by 2012 it is estimated that there will be over $1 trillion of money in motion each
and every year as retirees begin to withdraw funds from their retirement vehicles and the retirees will need a strategy to manage
40
those funds. We expect that these retirees will also be looking for the ability to transfer risk of their financial retirement decisions
from themselves to someone else and the insurance industry is uniquely positioned to transfer those risks. To help accelerate our
preparation to seize this opportunity, we formed the Retirement Income Security Venture (“RISV”), which is a group of
individuals from within our organization tasked with developing the plans and products for success in this strategy.
Our merger with Jefferson-Pilot has increased our distribution breadth through retail distribution channels. In addition, the
merger has expanded the life and annuity product offerings available to our existing channels and increased our capital position to
support growth. Growth remains our priority as we move into 2007. We participate in many markets with multiple
products/services and our goal is to gain market share in every market we operate. During 2006 and into 2007, we are focused on
making a larger, unified product suite available to our distribution force. To this end we expect to reorganize our insurance
subsidiaries by merging the two primary Jefferson-Pilot insurance subsidiaries, JP Life and JPFIC into LNL and by merging LNY
into JPLA during 2007.
Within the Individual Markets’ variable annuity business, our Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage, with its one- and five-year
reset feature, continued to experience growth with elections totaling 46% of deposits in 2006 for products which offer these
features. In addition, we offer a patented annuity product feature, i4LIFE®, which we introduced a few years ago to meet the
needs of baby boomers for retirement income as they enter the retirement phase of their life cycle. The i4LIFE® Advantage
product offers a guaranteed minimum income benefit (“GIB”) rider, which can be elected to provide a floor to the amount of
income available from the annuity during retirement. In 2006, elections of i4LIFE® were $1.7 billion, an increase of nearly $700
million over 2005. As a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we offer an indexed fixed annuity, which offers upside growth
from equity markets with fixed return protection. We believe that the baby-boomer generation reaching retirement age will present
an emerging opportunity for companies like ours that offer products allowing baby-boomers to better manage their wealth
accumulation, retirement income and wealth transfer needs.
In our Individual Markets Life Insurance segment, we continue to face competitive pressures, especially related to life
insurance products with secondary guarantees. For products with secondary guarantees, we remain committed to maintaining
appropriate risk management and pricing discipline despite the competitive environment. Sales of insurance products with such
guarantees comprised 69% of our life insurance sales in 2006. In addition, we are seeking capital market solutions in response to
regulations requiring increases in statutory reserves for these products.
In conjunction with integrating LNC and Jefferson-Pilot, we created a new Employer Markets reporting segment. The
creation of this segment should allow us to better capitalize on the success we have already had in this market place - more than
$35 billion in assets under management and administration - and on trends in employer-sponsored benefit plans. These trends
include a decline in defined benefit pension plans and an increase in voluntary defined contribution plans, such as 401(k)s /
403(b)s, and a similar trend towards voluntary group life and disability, giving way to a convergence of distribution strategies. We
see opportunities to capitalize on revenue synergies by leveraging our Group Protection group business with Retirement Products’
defined contribution platform for a single employer solution. We also believe that the recently passed Pension Protection Act of
2006 will benefit the Employer Markets segment.
Our mutual fund offerings have had strong performance over the one-, three-, and five-year performance periods, resulting
in strong deposits and net flows and adding to the assets under management for both the retail and institutional products lines in
our Investment Management segment. Growth in deposits and net flows have also benefited from the changes we made during
2005 in the management of certain asset category offerings.
As our businesses and products are complex, so is the manner in which we derive income. We derive our revenues primarily
from fees for asset management and mortality and expense charges on variable annuity and variable universal life insurance account
values, cost of insurance (“COI”) charges on life insurance products, asset management fees on retail and institutional assets under
management, premiums on whole life and term life insurance, and investment income on our general account assets supporting
fixed annuity, term life, whole life, universal life and interest sensitive whole life insurance products. COI charges are assessed on
the net amount at risk (“NAR”) for investment-oriented life insurance products. NAR represents the face amount of insurance in
force less the account values to cover death benefits. Deposits and first year premiums in current quarters do not have a
significant immediate impact on current period income from operations, but are an important indicator of future profitability.
The profitability of our variable annuity and investment management businesses is dependent upon the level of account
values and assets under management from which fees are earned. Changes in account values and assets under management are the
result of net flows, the amount of assets deposited with us, net of assets returned to or withdrawn by the account owner, and the
effect of changes in the equity markets on the underlying funds. Variable annuity account values are calculated on a daily basis
with fees earned on those daily balances, rather than end of period values. As a result, point to point changes in equity market
indices do not affect variable annuity fee income in the immediate period as much as does the timing of when the changes in the
41
equity markets occurred during the period. Changes in the equity markets also impact the amount of variable annuity payments for
guaranteed benefits, such as GMDB, GMWB and GIB as well as the amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL.
The profitability of our fixed annuity and life insurance products is affected by our ability to achieve target spreads, or
margins, between the interest income earned on the general account assets and the interest credited to the policyholder. The
profitability of the life insurance business depends primarily on the size of the in-force block of business, product-pricing discipline
and underwriting proficiency.
During 2007 we expect our major challenges to include:
• The continued, successful integration of the Jefferson-Pilot businesses and the successful launch of our unified product
portfolio.
• While recent increases in long-term rates have eased pressure on spreads, a continuation of the low interest rate
environment creates a challenge for our products that generate investment margin profits, such as fixed annuities and
universal life insurance.
• The ability to generate tangible results from RISV.
• The continued, successful expansion of our wholesale distribution businesses.
• The ability to improve financial results and sales growth in Employer Markets.
• The continuation of competitive pressures in the life insurance marketplace, increased regulatory scrutiny of the life and
annuity industry, which may lead to higher product costs and negative perceptions about the industry.
• Continued focus by the government on tax reform, which may impact our products.
In the face of these challenges, there are three key themes that will influence our actions and decisions throughout 2007:
(cid:131) Taking market share. We are making sizeable investments in distribution throughout the organization, recognizing that
sales growth is driven by our ability to maintain a strong presence in our key accounts and distribution channels.
(cid:131)
Jumpstarting our RISV. The focus of this cadre of insurance professionals is to rethink the products, delivery systems
and customer servicing that will address the emerging needs of the baby boomers.
(cid:131) Embedding financial and execution discipline in our operations. We are making significant investments in operating
efficiencies while integrating and consolidating systems and processes across the organization. Investment decisions will
be evaluated based on a comprehensive metrics-based approach.
Recent Developments
On November 3, 2006, we entered into an agreement to purchase approximately 2.3 million shares of our common stock
from a third party broker-dealer, using an accelerated stock buyback program for an aggregate purchase price of $150 million. The
program terminated on November 27, 2006. As a result of the aggregate initial purchase price being greater than the volume
weighted average share price during the term of the program, 17,000 shares of common stock were delivered on December 1, 2006
in final settlement of the program. All shares were retired upon receipt.
During the fourth quarter of 2006 and first quarter of 2007, we called for redemption $485 million in long-term debt with
interest rates ranging from 7.65% to 8.285%. For a description of the redemptions, see “Review of Consolidated Financial
Condition – Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
Critical Accounting Policies
We have identified the accounting policies below as critical to the understanding of our results of operations and our
financial position. In applying these critical accounting policies in preparing our financial statements, management must use
significant judgments and estimates concerning future results or other developments including the likelihood, timing or amount of
one or more future events. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. On an on-
going basis, we evaluate our estimates, assumptions and judgments based upon historical experience and various other information
42
that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. For a detailed discussion of other significant accounting policies, see
Note 1 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Deferred Acquisition Costs, Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Sales Inducements and Deferred Front-end Loads
Accounting for intangible assets requires numerous assumptions, such as estimates of expected future profitability for our
operations and our ability to retain existing blocks of life and annuity business in force. Our accounting policies for the deferred
acquisition costs (“DAC”), value of business acquired (“VOBA”), deferred sales inducements (“DSI”) and the liability for deferred
front-end loads (“DFEL”) impact Individual Markets Annuities, Individual Markets Life Insurance, Employer Markets Retirement
Products and Other, Group Protection, and Lincoln UK segments.
Acquisition costs for variable annuity contracts, universal and variable universal life insurance policies are amortized over the
lives of the contracts in relation to the incidence of estimated gross profits (“EGPs”) derived from the contracts. Acquisition costs
are those costs that vary with and are primarily related to new or renewal business. These costs include commissions and other
expenses that vary with new business volume. The costs that we defer are recorded as an asset on our balance sheet as DAC for
products we sold or VOBA for books of business we acquired. In addition, we defer costs associated with DSI and revenues
associated with DFEL. DFEL is a balance sheet liability, included within contract and policyholder funds, and when amortized,
increases product expense charge revenues and income. DSI is a balance sheet asset, included within other assets, and when
amortized, increases insurance benefits and reduces income.
During the third quarter of each year, we conduct our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the
amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL. We review the various assumptions including investment margins, mortality and
retention. These assumptions also impact the reserves for the guarantee features within our variable annuity and life insurance
products. The combined effect of these changes resulted in a decrease to income from operations of $6 million after-tax in 2006,
compared with a $41 million after-tax increase to income from operations in 2005. The effects varied by segment and are
discussed further in the respective segment discussions below. Additionally, we harmonized several assumptions and related
processes as a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot.
The table below presents the balances by business segment as of December 31, 2006.
December 31, 2006 (in millions)
DAC and VOBA
DSI
Total DAC, VOBA and DSI
DFEL
Net DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL
Individual Markets
Employer Markets
Annuities
$ 2,050
194
2,244
101
$ 2,143
Life
Insurance
$ 4,659
-
4,659
450
$ 4,209
Retirement
Products
$ 763
-
763
22
$ 741
Group
Protection
$ 138
-
138
-
$ 138
Lincoln
UK
$ 809
-
809
404
$ 405
Other
Operations
$ 1
-
1
-
$ 1
Total
$ 8,420
194
8,614
977
$ 7,637
Note: The above table includes DAC and VOBA amortized in accordance with SFAS No. 60, “Accounting and Reporting by
Insurance Enterprises.” Under SFAS No. 60, acquisition costs for traditional life insurance and Group Protection’s
products, which include whole life and term life insurance contracts, and group life, dental and disability contracts, are
amortized over periods of 10 to 30 years for life products and up to 15 years for group products, on either a straight-line
basis or as a level percent of premium of the related policies depending on the block of business. No DAC is being
amortized under SFAS No. 60 for fixed and variable payout annuities.
EGPs vary based on policy persistency, mortality, fee income, investment margins, expense margins and realized gains and
losses on investments, including assumptions about the expected level of credit-related losses. Each of these sources of profit is, in
turn, driven by other factors. For example, assets under management and the spread between earned and credited rates drive
investment margins; net amount at risk drives the level of COI charges and reinsurance premiums. The level of separate account
assets under management is driven by changes in the financial markets (equity and bond markets, hereafter referred to collectively
as “equity markets”) and net flows. Realized gains and losses on investments include amounts resulting from differences in the
actual level of impairments from the levels assumed in calculating EGPs.
Because equity market movements have a significant impact on the value of variable annuity and unit-linked accounts
(contracts written in the U.K. similar to U.S. produced variable life and annuity products) and the fees earned on these accounts,
EGPs could increase or decrease with movements in the equity markets. Significant and sustained changes in equity markets could
therefore have an impact on DAC amortization for our variable annuity, annuity-based 401(k) business and unit-linked business,
but have significantly less impact on DAC amortization for our life insurance business because approximately 83% of their account
values pertain to interest sensitive products, such as universal life and interest sensitive whole life. Our assumption for the long-
43
term annual gross growth rate of the equity markets used in the determination of DAC amortization is 9%, which is reduced by
mortality and expense charges (“M&E”) and asset management charges.
On a quarterly basis, we review actual and estimates of future gross profits underlying the DAC amortization model and
record a positive or negative retrospective adjustment to the amount expensed (i.e., unlock DAC, VOBA and DSI), or earned (i.e.
unlock DFEL). On an annual basis, we review and adjust as necessary our assumptions for prospective amortization of DAC,
VOBA, DSI and DFEL. As discussed further below, we completed our 2006 comprehensive review of assumptions during the
quarter ended September 30, 2006.
As equity markets do not move in a systematic manner, we use a “reversion to the mean” (“RTM”) process to compute our
best estimate long-term gross growth rate assumption. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2004, our application of RTM resulted in the
use of a higher or lower future gross equity market growth assumption, which, together with actual historical gross equity market
growth, was expected to produce a 9% gross return. The use of a higher or lower future equity market growth assumption under
RTM tended to mitigate the impact that short-term fluctuations in the equity markets have on the estimated EGPs as compared to
the process we followed prior to implementing the RTM process. Until the fourth quarter of 2004, our RTM process gave
consideration to the effect of short-term fluctuations in the equity markets on projected future EGPs. A reversion to the mean to
adjust for historical changes in the equity markets results in a positive or negative DAC unlocking.
Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2004, we enhanced our RTM process to evaluate the carrying value of DAC for our
variable annuity, annuity-based 401(k) and unit-linked product blocks of business. We changed our RTM process because we do
not believe that random and insignificant short-term fluctuations in equity market returns are reflective of the best estimate of
future EGPs. We believe it is larger fluctuations or sustained trends in the equity markets that should change our best estimate of
future EGPs for these products. This process is not applied to our life insurance and fixed annuity businesses, as equity market
performance does not have a significant impact on these products. Under our current RTM process, on each valuation date, future
EGPs are projected using stochastic modeling of a large number of future equity market scenarios in conjunction with best
estimates of lapse rates, interest rate spreads and mortality to develop a statistical distribution of the present value of future EGPs
for each of the blocks of business. Because future equity market returns are impossible to predict, the underlying premise of this
process is that best estimate projections of future EGPs, as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”)
No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and
Losses from the Sale of Investments”, need not be affected by random short-term and insignificant deviations from expectations in
equity market returns. However, long-term or significant deviations from expected equity market returns require a change to best
estimate projections of EGPs and prospective unlocking of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL. The statistical distribution is designed
to identify when the equity market return deviations from expected returns have become significant enough to warrant a change of
the future equity return EGP assumption.
The stochastic modeling performed for our variable annuity blocks of business as described above is used to develop a range
of reasonably possible future EGPs. We compare the range of the present value of the future EGPs from the stochastic modeling
to that used in the DAC amortization model. A set of intervals around the mean of these scenarios is utilized to calculate two
separate statistical ranges of reasonably possible EGPs. These intervals are compared to the present value of the EGPs used in the
DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL amortization model. If the present value of EGP assumptions utilized for amortization were to
exceed the margin of the reasonable range of statistically calculated EGPs, a revision of the EGPs used to calculate amortization
would occur. If a revision is deemed necessary, future EGPs would be re-projected using the current account values at the end of
the period during which the revision occurred along with a revised long-term annual equity market gross return assumption such
that the re-projected EGPs would be our best estimate of EGPs.
Notwithstanding these intervals, if a severe decline or advance in equity markets were to occur or should other
circumstances, including policyholder activity, suggest that the present value of future EGPs no longer represents our best
estimate, we could determine that a revision of the EGPs is necessary. A severe decline or advance in equity markets would
involve a sustained change from December 31, 2006 levels.
Our practice is not necessarily to unlock immediately after exceeding the first of the two statistical ranges, but rather if we
stay between the first and second statistical range for several quarters, we would likely unlock. Additionally, if we exceed the ranges
as a result of a short-term market reaction, such as we saw after the events of September 11, 2001, we would not necessarily
unlock. However, if the second statistical range is exceeded for more than one quarter, it is likely that we would unlock. While this
approach reduces adjustments to DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL due to short-term equity market fluctuations, significant changes
in the equity markets that extend beyond one or two quarters could result in a significant positive or negative unlocking.
Our long-term equity market growth assumption rate is 9%, which is used in the determination of DAC amortization for the
variable component of our variable annuity products, as this component is primarily equity related. This variable appreciation rate
44
is before the deduction of our contract fees. Under our current RTM methodology, we take into account the market performance
on the business that was in force when the enhanced RTM methodology was put in effect using the RTM process used prior to the
fourth quarter of 2004. For business issued in years prior to 2005 for the Individual Markets Annuity—segment and a portion of
the Employer Markets—Defined Contribution segment, the assumed annual variable appreciation rate is 5.11% as of December
31, 2006. It remains 5.11% for the subsequent 21-month period and is then 9% thereafter. For business issued subsequent to
2004, the assumed annual variable appreciation rate and the long-term growth rate are 9%. The actual variable appreciation rate
since the date of enhanced RTM implementation has been better than the assumed rate. As a result, we are more likely to unlock
DAC from positive variable performance rather than from negative returns from December 31, 2006. Given our position within
the range around our best estimate of EGPs for the Individual Markets--Annuity and the Employer Markets—Defined
Contribution segments at December 31, 2006, a one-quarter equity market movement of positive 10% would bring us to the first
of the two statistical ranges while a one-quarter equity market movement of positive 35% would bring us to the second of the two
ranges for these segments. Subsequent equity market performance that would keep us at or move us beyond the first statistical
range would likely result in positive unlocking. Negative equity market performance would have to be significantly greater than the
above percentages for us to exceed the lower end of the two statistical ranges. As an illustration of the potential impact, given
where our best estimate of EGPs for the Individual Markets—Annuity and Employer Markets—Defined Contribution segments
were positioned in the range at December 31, 2006, if we were to reset the RTM to a gross equity market growth assumption
representing the midpoint between the first of the two statistical ranges and the mean of the projections from December 31, 2006
forward in determining revised EGPs, we estimate it would result in a cumulative decrease to DAC amortization (positive DAC
unlocking) of approximately $104 million pre-tax ($67 million after-tax).
In September 2005, the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants (“AICPA”) issued Statement of Position (“SOP”) 05-1, “Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred
Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts” (“SOP 05-1”). SOP 05-1 addresses the
accounting for DAC on internal replacements other than those described in SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by
Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments.” An
internal replacement is defined by SOP 05-1 as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by (a)
exchanging the contract for a new contract, (b) amending, endorsing or attaching a rider to the contract, or (c) electing a feature or
coverage within a contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially unchanged contract will be accounted for as a
continuation of the replaced contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially changed contract should be accounted
for as an extinguishment of the replaced contract, and any unamortized DAC, unearned revenue and deferred sales charges must
be written-off. SOP 05-1 is to be applied prospectively and is effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 2006.
We will adopt this new accounting guidance effective January 1, 2007, primarily impacting both our Individual Markets
Annuities and our Employer Markets Group Protection businesses. The adoption of this new guidance impacts our assumptions
for lapsation used in the amortization of DAC and VOBA. We estimate that our adoption will result in a reduction to our DAC
and VOBA balances between $75 million to $100 million pre-tax, which will be recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. SOP
05-1 is expected to prospectively increase DAC and VOBA amortization in 2007. Our preliminary estimates indicated a range of
$15-20 million increase in DAC and VOBA amortization primarily for Individual Markets Annuities. Our preliminary estimates
are based upon our interpretation of SOP 05-1 and the proposed implementation guidance. We continue to analyze the impact on
DAC and VOBA amortization and are currently evaluating the effect of a Technical Practice Aide (“TPA”) issued in February
2007. As a result, the actual impact of the adoption of SOP 05-1 may differ significantly from our preliminary estimates as the
issuance of new implementation guidance and evolving industry practice may affect our interpretation and implementation.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not
amortized, but are subject to impairment tests conducted at least annually. Intangibles that do not have indefinite lives are
amortized over their estimated useful lives.
The valuation techniques we use to estimate the fair value of the group of assets comprising the different reporting units
varies based on the characteristics of each reporting unit’s business and operations. A market-based valuation technique that
focuses on price-to-earnings (“P/E”) multiplier and the segment-level operating income is used for the Individual Markets and
Employer Markets operating business. For the Lincoln UK segment, a discounted cash flow model is utilized to determine the fair
value. A valuation technique combining multiples of revenues, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and
assets under management is used to assess the goodwill in our Investment Management segment. We use October 1 as the annual
review date for impairment. The results of the tests performed as of October 1, 2006, 2005 and 2004 indicated that we did not
have impaired goodwill. The valuation techniques used for the Lincoln UK and the Investment Management segments are
consistent with the methods used in previous periods.
45
The $3.3 billion of goodwill resulting from the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, which resulted from the excess of the purchase
price over the fair value of the net assets acquired at the merger date, was not tested for impairment as we believe the fair market
valuation performed as of the merger date continues to be a reasonable basis for market value for that portion of our business for
purposes of evaluating the recoverability of goodwill. We are in the process of finalizing our internal studies of the fair value of the
net assets acquired including investments, VOBA, intangible assets and certain liabilities. As such, the preliminary fair values are
subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained, which may result in adjustments to goodwill, which we do not expect
to be material. Since there were no events or circumstances to indicate that there may be any significant change in the fair value of
net assets acquired, management did not update the estimated fair value or perform an October 1, 2006 impairment test for the
acquired goodwill.
Investments
Our primary investments are in fixed maturity securities, including corporate and government bonds, asset and mortgage-
backed securities and redeemable preferred stock, and equity securities, mortgage loans and policy loans. All our fixed maturity
and equity securities are classified as available-for-sale as defined in SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt
and Equity Securities,” except for those securities supporting certain reinsurance transactions which are classified as trading
securities. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with the difference from amortized cost included in shareholders’
equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. The difference is net of related DAC, VOBA, DSI and
DFEL and amounts that would be credited to policyholders, if realized, and taxes.
Investment Valuation
Fair values for fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. For fixed maturity securities that
are not actively traded, fair values are estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services. The fair values for equity
securities are based on quoted market prices. Fair values for private securities are estimated by (1) a matrix process that employs
discounting expected future cash flows using a current market rate applicable to the coupon rate, credit quality, industry sector and
maturity of the investments; (2) third party-supplied prices or secondary market transactions; and (3) applying professional
judgment to arrive at the fair value based upon prices of public or non-public securities of similarly situated issuers.
Write-Downs for Other-Than-Temporary Impairments and Allowance for Losses
Determining whether a decline in current fair values is other than a temporary decline in value for securities classified as
available-for-sale and trading can frequently involve a variety of assumptions and estimates, particularly for investments that are not
actively traded on established markets. For instance, assessing the value of some investments requires an analysis of expected
future cash flows. Some investment structures, such as collateralized debt obligations, often represent selected levels, or tranches
collateralized by underlying investments in a wide variety of underlying issuers and security types.
Factors we consider in determining whether declines in the fair value of fixed maturity securities are other-than-temporary
include 1) the significance of the decline; 2) our ability and intent to retain the investment for a sufficient period of time for it to
recover to an amount at least equal to its carrying value; 3) the time period during which there has been a significant decline in
value; and 4) fundamental analysis of the liquidity, business prospects and overall financial condition of the issuer. Based upon
these factors, securities that have indications of potential impairment are subject to intensive review. Where such analysis results in
a conclusion that declines in fair values are other-than-temporary, the security is written down to fair value. The fixed maturity
securities to which these write-downs apply were generally of investment grade at the time of purchase, but were subsequently
downgraded by rating agencies to “below-investment grade.” See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a general
discussion of the methodologies and assumptions used to determine estimated fair values.
For certain securitized fixed maturity securities with contractual cash flows, including asset-backed securities, we use our best
estimate of cash flows for the life of the security to determine whether there is an other-than-temporary impairment of the security
as required under Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 99-20, “Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on
Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets,” and we review for other indicators of impairment as
required by FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 115-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to
Certain Investments”.
Based on our evaluation of securities with an unrealized loss at December 31, 2006, we do not believe that any additional
other-than-temporary-impairment losses, other than those already reflected in the financial statements, are necessary. At
December 31, 2006, there were available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses totaling $373 million pre-tax, and prior to the
impact on DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL.
46
As the discussion above indicates, there are risks and uncertainties associated with determining whether declines in the fair
value of investments are other–than-temporary. These include subsequent significant changes in general overall economic
conditions, as well as specific business conditions affecting particular issuers, future financial market effects such as interest rate
spreads, stability of foreign governments and economies, future rating agency actions and significant accounting, fraud or corporate
governance issues that may adversely affect certain investments. In addition, there are often significant estimates and assumptions
that we use to estimate the fair values of securities, including projections of expected future cash flows and pricing of private
securities. We continually monitor developments and update underlying assumptions and financial models based upon new
information.
Write-downs and allowances for losses on select mortgage loans on real estate, real estate and other investments are
established when the underlying value of the property is deemed to be less than the carrying value. All mortgage loans that are
impaired have an established allowance for credit loss. Changing economic conditions impact our valuation of mortgage loans.
Increasing vacancies, declining rents and the like are incorporated into the discounted cash flow analysis that we perform for
monitored loans and may contribute to the establishment of (or an increase in) an allowance for credit losses. In addition, we
continue to monitor the entire commercial mortgage loan portfolio to identify risk. Areas of current emphasis are the hotel
mortgage loan portfolio and retail, office and industrial properties that have deteriorating credits or have experienced debt coverage
reduction. Where warranted, we have established or increased loss reserves based upon this analysis.
Derivatives
To protect us from a variety of equity market and interest rate risks that are inherent in many of our life insurance and
annuity products, we use various derivative instruments. Assessing the effectiveness of these hedging programs and evaluating the
carrying values of the related derivatives often involve a variety of assumptions and estimates. We use derivatives to hedge equity
market risks, interest rate risk and foreign currency exposures that are embedded in our annuity and life insurance product liabilities
or investment portfolios. Derivatives held at December 31, 2006 contain industry standard terms and are entered into with
financial institutions with long-standing, superior performance records. Our accounting policies for derivatives and the potential
impact on interest spreads in a falling rate environment are discussed in “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk.” See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our accounting for derivatives.
Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal and Guaranteed Income Benefits
The Individual Markets Annuity segment has a hedging strategy designed to mitigate the risk and income statement volatility
caused by changes in the equity markets, interest rates, and volatility associated with the Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage
GMWB feature and, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006, our i4LIFE® Advantage GIB feature that is available in our variable
annuity products. The hedging strategy is designed such that changes in the value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite
direction of changes in the value of the embedded derivative of the GMWB and GIB. This dynamic hedging strategy utilizes U.S.-
based and international equity futures and options as well as interest rate futures and swaps. The notional amounts of the
underlying hedge instruments are such that the magnitude of the change in the value of the hedge instruments due to changes in
equity markets, interest rates, and implied volatilities is designed to offset the magnitude of the change in the fair value of the
GMWB and GIB guarantees caused by those same factors. At December 31, 2006, the embedded derivative for GMWB was an
asset valued at $39 million and the embedded derivative for i4LIFE® Advantage GIB was an asset valued at $14 million.
As part of our current hedging program, policyholder behavior and equity, interest rate, and volatility market conditions are
monitored on a daily basis. We rebalance our hedge positions based upon changes in these factors as needed. While we actively
manage our hedge positions, our hedge positions may not be totally effective to offset changes in assets and liabilities caused by
movements in these factors due to, among other things, differences in timing between when a market exposure changes and
corresponding changes to the hedge positions, extreme swings in the equity markets and interest rates, market volatility,
policyholder behavior, divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the hedging indices, divergence between
the actual and expected performance of the hedge instruments, or our ability to purchase hedging instruments at prices consistent
with our desired risk and return trade-off.
The table below illustrates our estimates of the potential instantaneous impact to income from operations which could result
from sudden changes in equity markets, interest rates and implied market volatilities at the levels indicated in the table and excludes
the run rate impacts which may occur. The amounts represent the estimated difference between the change in GMWB reserves
and the change in the value of the underlying hedge instruments on an after-DAC and after-tax basis resulting from such changes.
These estimates are based upon the recorded reserves for GMWB at December 31, 2006 and the related hedge instruments in place
as of that date.
47
December 31, 2006 (in millions)
Equity market return
-20%
$
(11)
Inforce Sensitivities
-10%
$
-5%
$
(2)
(1)
5%
$
-
Interest rates
Implied volatilities
S&P 500 Index® Benefits
-50 bps
$
(2)
-25 bps
$
(1)
+25 bps
$
-
+50 bps
$
-
-4%
$
-
-2%
$
-
2%
$
(1)
4%
$
(3)
We also have in place a hedging program for our indexed annuities we obtained through our merger with Jefferson-Pilot.
These contracts permit the holder to elect an interest rate return or an equity market component, where interest credited to the
contracts is linked to the performance of the S&P 500 Index®. Policyholders may elect to rebalance index options at renewal
dates, either annually or biannually. At each renewal date, we have the opportunity to re-price the indexed component by
establishing participation rates, subject to minimum guarantees. We purchase options that are highly correlated to the portfolio
allocation decisions of our policyholders, such that we are economically hedged with respect to equity returns for the current reset
period. The mark-to-market of the options held impacts net investment income and generally offsets the change in value of the
embedded derivative within the indexed annuity, which is recorded as a component of interest credited to policyholders’ within
insurance benefits. SFAS 133 requires that we calculate fair values of index options we may purchase in the future to hedge
policyholder index allocations in future reset periods. These fair values represent an estimate of the cost of the options we will
purchase in the future, discounted back to the date of the balance sheet, using current market indicators of volatility and interest
rates. Changes in the fair values of these liabilities are included as a component of interest credited to policyholders’ within
insurance benefits.
Insurance and Investment Contract Obligations
Reserves
These reserves are the amounts that, with the additional premiums to be received and interest thereon compounded annually
at certain assumed rates, are calculated to be sufficient to meet the various policy and contract obligations as they mature.
Establishing adequate reserves for our obligations to policyholders requires assumptions to be made regarding mortality and
morbidity. The applicable insurance laws under which insurance companies operate require that they report, as liabilities, policy
reserves to meet future obligations on their outstanding policies. These laws specify that the reserves shall not be less than reserves
calculated using certain specified mortality and morbidity tables, interest rates, and methods of valuation.
The reserves reported in our financial statements contained herein are calculated in accordance with GAAP and differ from
those specified by the laws of the various states and carried in the statutory financial statements of the life insurance subsidiaries.
These differences arise from the use of mortality and morbidity tables, interest, persistency and other assumptions which we
believe to be more representative of the expected experience for these policies than those required for statutory accounting
purposes and from differences in actuarial reserving methods. For example, in October 2005, the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) adopted a change to Actuarial Guideline 38 (also known as “AXXX”), the statutory reserve
requirements for UL products with secondary guarantees, which impacts such business written after the effective date of July 1,
2005. There was no impact to GAAP reserves or results of operations as a result of Actuarial Guideline 38.
The assumptions on which reserves are based are intended to represent an estimation of experience for the period that
policy benefits are payable. If actual experience is better than or equal to the assumptions, then reserves should be adequate to
provide for future benefits and expenses. If experience is worse than the assumptions, additional reserves may be required. This
would result in a charge to our net income during the period the increase in reserves occurred. The key experience assumptions
include mortality rates, policy persistency and interest rates. We periodically review our experience and update our policy reserves
for new issues and reserve for all claims incurred, as we believe appropriate.
48
Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits
The reserves related to the GMDB features available in our variable annuity products are based on the application of a
benefit ratio to total assessments related to the variable annuities. The level and direction of the change in reserves will vary over
time based on the emergence of the benefit ratio (which is based on both historical and projected future level of benefits) and the
level of assessments (both historical and projected) associated with the variable annuity.
We utilize a delta hedging strategy for variable annuity products with a GMDB feature, which uses futures on U.S.-based
equity market indices to hedge against movements in equity markets. The hedging strategy is designed such that changes in the
value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite direction of equity market driven changes in the reserve for GMDB contracts
subject to the hedging strategy. Because the GMDB reserves are based upon projected long-term equity market return
assumptions, and since the value of the hedging contracts will reflect current capital market conditions, the quarterly changes in
values for the GMDB reserves and the hedging contracts may not offset each other on an exact basis. Despite these short-term
fluctuations in values, we intend to continue to hedge our long-term GMDB exposure in order to mitigate the risk associated with
falling equity markets. Account balances covered in this hedging program combined with account balances for which there is no
death benefit represent approximately 94% of total variable annuity account balances, which excludes the Alliance mutual fund
business.
Deferred Gain on Sale of the Reinsurance Segment
In 2001, we sold our reinsurance operation to Swiss Re. The transaction involved a series of indemnity reinsurance
transactions combined with the sale of certain stock companies that comprised our reinsurance operation. The gain related to the
indemnity reinsurance transactions was recorded as deferred gain in the liability section of our Consolidated Balance Sheet in
accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 113, “Accounting and Reporting for Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-
Duration Contracts” (“SFAS 113”). The deferred gain is being amortized into income at the rate that earnings on the reinsured
business are expected to emerge, over a period of 15 years. In addition, because we have not been relieved of our legal liabilities to
the underlying ceding companies with respect to the portion of the business indemnity reinsured by Swiss Re, under SFAS 113 the
reserves for the underlying reinsurance contracts as well as a corresponding reinsurance recoverable from Swiss Re will continue to
be carried on our Consolidated Balance Sheet during the run-off period of the underlying reinsurance business. This is particularly
relevant in the case of the exited personal accident reinsurance lines of business where the underlying reserves are based upon
various estimates that are subject to considerable uncertainty.
Because of ongoing uncertainty related to personal accident business, the reserves related to these exited business lines
carried on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2006 may ultimately prove to be either excessive or deficient. For
instance, in the event that future developments indicate that these reserves should be increased, we would record a current period
non-cash charge to record the increase in reserves. Because Swiss Re is responsible for paying the underlying claims to the ceding
companies, we would record a corresponding increase in reinsurance recoverable from Swiss Re. However, SFAS 113 does not
permit us to take the full benefit in earnings for the recording of the increase in the reinsurance recoverable in the period of the
change. Rather, we would increase the deferred gain recognized upon the closing of the indemnity reinsurance transaction with
Swiss Re and would report a cumulative amortization “catch-up” adjustment to the deferred gain balance as increased earnings
recognized in the period of change. Any amount of additional increase to the deferred gain above the cumulative amortization
“catch-up” adjustment must continue to be deferred and will be amortized into income in future periods over the remaining period
of expected run-off of the underlying business. No cash would be transferred between Swiss Re and us as a result of these
developments.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Pursuant to the accounting rules for our obligations to employees under our various pension and other postretirement benefit
plans, we are required to make a number of assumptions to estimate related liabilities and expenses. We use assumptions for the
weighted-average discount rate, expected return on plan assets and a salary increase assumption to estimate pension expense. The
discount rate assumptions are determined using an analysis of current market information and the projected benefit flows
associated with these plans. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is initially established at the beginning of the plan
year based on historical and projected future rates of return and is the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested or to
be invested in the plan. The calculation of our accumulated postretirement benefit obligation also uses an assumption of weighted-
average annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered benefits, which reflects a health care cost trend rate. See Note 8
for more information on our accounting for employee benefit plans.
49
Equity Market Guidance
Due to the use of our RTM process and our hedging strategies as described in “Critical Accounting Policies” above, we
expect that in general, short-term fluctuations in the equity markets should not have a significant impact on our quarterly earnings
from unlocking of assumptions for DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL. However, there is an impact to earnings from the affects of
equity market movements on account values and assets under management and the related fees we earn on those assets. The table
below presents our estimate of the annual after-tax impact on fees on account values and assets under management, after the
associated DAC amortization, from a 1% change in the equity markets.
Segment
Investment Management
Individual Markets-Annuities
Employer Markets-Defined Contribution
Lincoln UK
Relevant Measure
Composite of Equity Assets*
Average daily change in the S&P 500
Average daily change in the S&P 500
Average daily change in the FTSE 100
Impact per 1%
(in millions)
2
$
3
1
-
* The Investment Management segment manages equity-based assets of varying styles (growth, value, blend, and
international) and underlying products (mutual funds, institutional accounts, insurance separate accounts, etc.). No single equity
benchmark is an accurate predictor of the change in fee revenue for this segment. The estimated annual effect on fees noted above
is based on a 1% increase in overall Investment Management equity-based assets.
The fee income factors represent an expected annual effect. The result of the above factor should be multiplied by 25% to
arrive at an estimated quarterly effect. The effect of quarterly equity market changes upon fee revenues will not be fully recognized
in the current quarter due to the fact that fee revenues are earned based upon daily variable account values. The difference
between the current period average daily variable account values compared to the end of period variable account values impacts fee
revenues in subsequent periods. This discussion concerning the estimated effects of ongoing equity market volatility on the fees
we earn from account values and assets under management is intended to be illustrative. Actual effects may vary depending on a
variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, such as changing customer behaviors that might result in changes in
the mix of our business between variable and fixed annuity contracts, switching between investment alternatives available within
variable products, or changes in policy persistency. For purposes of this guidance, the change in account values is assumed to
correlate with the change in the relevant index. See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—
Market Risk Exposures of Financial Instruments—3) Equity Market Exposures—Fee Revenues” of this Form 10-K for additional
information of the effect of equity markets on fee revenues.
50
RESULTS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, (in millions)
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Investment advisory fees
Communications revenue (net)
Net investment income
Amortization of deferred gain
Other revenues and fees
Net realized investment losses
Gain on sale of subsidiaries
Total revenue
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and
other expenses
Communications expenses
Interest and debt expenses
Total benefits and expenses
Income before federal income taxes
Federal income taxes
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change
Cumulative effect of accounting change
Net income
Items included in net income (after-tax):
Realized loss on investments and
derivative instruments
Net gain on reinsurance embedded
derivative/trading securities
Gain on sale of subsidiaries
Restructuring charges
Reserve development, net of related amortization
on business sold through indemnity reinsurance
Loss on early retirement of debt
Cumulative effect of accounting change
2006
$
1,406
2,604
328
187
3,981
76
484
(3)
-
9,063
4,170
2,759
98
225
7,252
1,811
495
2005
$
308
1,752
256
-
2,702
77
383
(17)
14
5,475
2,332
1,981
-
87
4,400
1,075
244
2004
$
299
1,600
239
-
2,704
88
344
(58)
135
5,351
2,243
1,972
-
100
4,315
1,036
304
1,316
-
1,316
$
831
-
831
$
732
(25)
707
$
$
(3)
$
(14)
$
(38)
2
-
(9)
1
(4)
-
3
9
(19)
-
-
-
(1)
62
(14)
-
(4)
(25)
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
NM
49%
28%
NM
47%
-1%
26%
82%
-100%
66%
79%
39%
NM
159%
65%
68%
103%
58%
NM
58%
3%
10%
7%
NM
0%
-13%
11%
71%
-90%
2%
4%
0%
NM
-13%
2%
4%
-20%
14%
100%
18%
51
The table below provides a detailed comparison of items included within net realized investment gains (losses).
Year Ended December 31, (in millions)
Realized gains on investments
Realized losses on investments
Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments
Amounts amortized to balance sheet accounts
Gain on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities
Investment expenses
Net losses on investments and derivative instruments
Write-downs for other-than-temporary impairments
included in realized losses on investments above
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
155
(120)
1
(41)
4
(2)
(3)
142
(102)
(2)
(50)
5
(10)
(17)
141
(123)
(16)
(49)
(1)
(10)
(58)
$
$
$
$
(64)
$
(22)
$
(73)
Improvement (Worsening)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
9%
-18%
150%
18%
-20%
80%
82%
NM
1%
17%
88%
-2%
NM
-
71%
70%
As previously discussed, key operational measures of our success are deposits, net flows and assets under management. The
table below summarizes these key measures for our U.S. based business segments over the last three years. These operational
measures provide information necessary in understanding changes in our revenues and related expenses. Deposits are the result of
sales of our products and represent money put into our products each year. Net flows represent the deposits net of withdrawals,
payments on death and surrenders. Assets under management include our investment securities as well as those assets belonging
to third parties but managed by our businesses. Assets under management also include assets that are sub-advised by third parties.
For additional detail of deposit and net flow information, see the discussion in “Results of Operations by Segment” below.
Year Ended December 31, (in millions)
Deposits
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Employer Markets:
Defined Contribution
Executive Benefits
Investment Management (1)
Consolidating adjustments (2)
Total Deposits
Net Flows
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Employer Markets:
Defined Contribution
Executive Benefits
Investment Management (1)
Consolidating adjustments (2)
Total Net Flows
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
Improvement (Worsening)
Over Prior Year
$
10,756
3,365
$
7,528
2,031
$
6,498
1,970
4,585
267
28,094
4,403
210
31,404
4,105
273
22,459
(3,838)
43,229
$
(3,465)
42,111
$
(3,674)
31,631
$
$
2,665
2,023
$
2,879
1,195
$
2,387
1,136
342
57
9,177
114
14,378
$
420
162
15,220
174
20,050
$
1,079
112
8,640
(39)
13,315
$
43%
66%
4%
27%
-11%
-11%
3%
-7%
69%
-19%
-65%
-40%
-34%
-28%
16%
3%
7%
-23%
40%
6%
33%
21%
5%
-61%
45%
76%
NM
51%
52
(in millions)
Assets Under Management by Advisor (3)
Investment Management: (1)
External assets
Insurance-related assets
Lincoln UK
Within business units (policy loans)
By non-LNC entities
2006
2005
2004
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
$ 97,306
67,067
10,108
2,760
56,282
$ 233,523
$ 77,633
43,086
8,562
1,862
40,612
$ 171,755
$ 57,127
42,791
8,586
1,900
33,900
$ 144,304
25%
56%
18%
48%
39%
36%
36%
1%
0%
-2%
20%
19%
(1)
(2)
(3)
In September 2004, we completed the sale of our London-based international investment management unit (“DIAL”), which
had assets under management of $22.1 billion at the date of sale. For additional information see “Results of Operations—
Investment Management.” Assets under management include assets sub-advised for us by unaffiliated parties. Sub-advised
assets were $22.7 billion, or approximately 14%, of the Investment Management segment’s assets under management at
December 31, 2006, compared to $20.5 billion, or approximately 17%, at December 31, 2005.
Consolidating adjustments represent the elimination of deposits and net flows on products affecting more than one
segment.
Assets under management by advisor provides a breakdown of assets that we manage or administer either directly or
through unaffiliated third parties. These assets represent our investments, assets held in separate accounts and assets that we
manage or administer for individuals or other companies. We earn insurance fees, investment advisory fees or investment
income on these assets.
NM - Not Meaningful
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Net income increased $485 million, or 58%, in 2006 compared to the prior year. The merger with Jefferson-Pilot was the
primary driver of the increase. Also included in the increase was the net effect of a favorable insurance recovery related to losses
incurred in connection with U.K. sales practices partially offset by net unfavorable adjustments from the completion of the annual
comprehensive review of assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL, higher incentive
compensation expenses and reserves for annuity and life insurance products with secondary guarantees.
Revenues
The merger with Jefferson-Pilot was the primary driver for the increase in insurance premiums and fees in 2006 compared
with the same 2005 period. In addition to the merger, the increase in insurance fees and investment advisory fees in 2006 reflects
growth in deposits and assets under management, as well as, the effects of favorable equity market performance. Assets under
management increased 36% as a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, positive net flows and equity market gains. The average level
of the equity markets was higher in 2006 compared to 2005, resulting in higher fee income. Excluding the impact of dividends, the
S&P 500 Index® increased 13.6% and the average daily S&P 500 Index® increased 8.5% in 2006, compared to 2005.
The increase in net investment income in 2006 compared to 2005 primarily reflects the addition of Jefferson-Pilot investment
assets, higher portfolio yields and higher invested assets due to the favorable effect of asset growth from net flows and equity
markets. Negative fixed annuity net flows of $2.4 billion offset growth in indexed and variable annuity net flows. Fixed annuity
net flows in 2006 were unfavorably impacted by higher withdrawals driven by the expiration of multi-year crediting rate guarantees
on certain products we sold three to five years ago.
Included in revenues were net realized losses on investments of $(3) million in 2006 compared to $(17) million in 2005. See
“Consolidated Investments” below for additional information on our investment performance. Revenues from the sale of
subsidiaries/businesses in 2005 included a pre-tax gain of $14 million from an agreement to settle in full the residual contingent
payments resulting from the arrangement to outsource Lincoln UK’s back-office operations to Capita Life and Pension Services
Limited, a subsidiary of Capita Group Plc (“Capita”) the outsourcing firm for Lincoln UK’s customer and policy administration
functions.
53
Benefits and Expenses
Consolidated benefits and expenses increased $2.9 billion, or 65%, in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily due to the merger
with Jefferson-Pilot. See “Results of Operations by Segment” below for further discussion by segment. Growth in our business
partially offset by the effect of spread management through lower crediting rates on interest sensitive business and movements
from fixed to variable annuity products also contributed to the increase. Expenses in 2006 benefited from a $26 million ($17
million after-tax) insurance recovery related to losses incurred in connection with U.K. sales practices.
Consolidated expenses in 2006 include $49 million related to the merger with Jefferson-Pilot for integration costs, including
restructuring charges that were the result of actions undertaken by us to eliminate duplicate operations and functions as a result of
the Jefferson-Pilot merger. These actions will be ongoing and are expected to be substantially complete by late 2008, with a total
estimated cost of $180 million pre-tax. Expenses in 2005 included pre-tax restructuring charges of $30 million and were the result
of expense initiatives undertaken by us during 2003 to improve operational efficiencies. For additional information on
restructuring charges, see Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consolidated expenses in 2006 also include $9 million pre-tax of net expense for the effect of net unfavorable unlocking
resulting from the annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL
as well as the reserves related to GMDB and the embedded derivative related to GMWB and liabilities for life insurance products
sold with secondary guarantees, which compares with a net reduction of $64 million pre-tax for the 2005 period. The impact of
the adjustments from the prospective assumption review varied by segment. The factors impacting the adjustments are discussed
further in the respective segment discussions below. Expenses in 2006 include an increase in net operating and administrative
expenses of approximately $47 million pre-tax ($31 million, after-tax) caused by an increase in incentive compensation expenses to
reflect actual performance in 2006.
Federal Income Taxes
Federal income tax expense in 2006 includes a reduction of $42 million related to a favorable true-up to the 2005 tax return
primarily driven by the separate accounts dividends-received deduction (“DRD”) and, to a lesser extent, foreign tax credits and
other tax preference items, and revised estimates of these items in 2006. Federal income tax expense included a benefit of $47
million in 2005 related to the release of the deferred tax valuation allowance in our Barbados reinsurance company, which was
included in Other Operations. For additional information on our effective tax rates, see Note 5 to our Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Revenues
The increase in insurance fees and investment advisory fees in 2005 primarily reflects growth in deposits and assets under
management, and to a lesser extent, the effects of favorable equity market performance. Assets under management increased
19.0% at December 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004 as a result of positive net flows and increases in equity markets.
The average level of the equity markets was higher in 2005, compared to 2004, resulting in higher fee income. Excluding the
impact of dividends, the S&P 500 Index® increased 3.0% and the average daily S&P 500 Index® increased 6.8% in 2005,
compared to 2004.
Net realized investment losses in 2005 declined $41 million compared to 2004 due to lower impairment losses. See the
“Consolidated Investments” section below for additional information on our investment performance.
Revenues in 2005 include a gain on sale of subsidiaries of $14 million pre-tax ($9 million after-tax) from an agreement to
settle in full the residual contingent payments resulting from the arrangement to outsource Lincoln UK’s policy and administration
functions to Capita Life and Pensions Services Limited, a subsidiary of Capita Group Plc (“Capita”). Revenues for 2004 included a
gain of $111 million pre-tax ($46 million after-tax) from the sale of DIAL. See “Investment Management” and “Liquidity and
Capital Resources” below, and Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. The gain on the sale
of subsidiaries for 2004 also included a $10 million pre-tax gain on the exercise of a put option arising from the Capita arrangement
(see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2004 Form 10-K for additional information) and $14 million from the
sale of one of our segments’ employee benefits marketing business.
Net investment income in 2005 was level with the same 2004 periods. A decrease in commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums of $44 million and declining portfolio yields substantially offset the favorable effects of asset
growth from net flows.
54
Expenses
Consolidated benefits and expenses increased 2% in 2005 compared to 2004, reflecting higher expenses in the Individual
Markets operating businesses and the Investment Management segments. The increases resulted primarily from business growth
partially offset by the effect of spread management through lower crediting rates on interest sensitive business and movements
from fixed to variable annuity products. See “Results of Operations by Segment” below for further discussion by segment.
Consolidated expenses in 2005 included a net reduction of $64 million pre-tax for the effect of net positive unlocking
resulting from the third quarter 2005 annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC,
VOBA, DSI and DFEL as well as the reserves related to GMDB and the embedded derivative related to GMWB, which compares
with a net reduction of $15 million pre-tax for 2004. The impact of unlocking varied by segment. The factors impacting the
unlocking are discussed further in respective segment discussions below.
Restructuring charges were $30 million pre-tax ($19 million after-tax) in 2005 compared to $21 million pre-tax ($14 million
after-tax) for 2004, resulting from expense initiatives undertaken by us during 2003 to improve operational efficiencies and costs
associated with one of our segments’ 2005 plan to realign its field management and financial planning support areas. See Note 15
to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on restructuring charges.
Federal income tax expense included a benefit of $47 million in 2005 compared to $4 million in 2004, related to the release
of the deferred tax valuation allowance in our Barbados reinsurance company. This reduction is included in Other Operations.
RESULTS OF INDIVIDUAL MARKETS
The Individual Markets business provides its products through two segments - Individual Annuities and Individual Life
Insurance. Through its Individual Annuities segment, Individual Markets provides tax-deferred investment growth and lifetime
income opportunities for its clients by offering individual fixed annuities, including indexed annuities, and variable annuities. The
Individual Life Insurance segment offers wealth protection and transfer opportunities through term insurance, a linked-benefit
product, which is a universal life insurance policy linked with riders that provide for long-term care costs, and both single and
survivorship versions of universal life and variable universal life.
For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see “Part I – Item 1 – Risk
Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements – Cautionary Language” above.
Individual Markets – Annuities
2006
2005
2004
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
$
37
579
614
192
1,422
487
614
1,101
321
69
252
$
$
32
445
665
193
1,335
478
595
1,073
262
53
209
$
27%
36%
69%
48%
52%
62%
42%
50%
57%
38%
62%
16%
30%
-8%
-1%
7%
2%
3%
3%
23%
30%
21%
$
47
790
1,039
285
2,161
787
870
1,657
504
95
409
$
55
Net Flows (in millions)
Variable portion of variable annuity deposits
Variable portion of variable annuity withdrawals
Variable portion of variable annuity net flows
Fixed portion of variable annuity deposits
Fixed portion of variable annuity withdrawals
Fixed portion of variable annuity net flows
Total variable annuity deposits
Total variable annuity withdrawals
Total variable annuity net flows
Indexed annuity deposits
Indexed annuity withdrawals
Indexed annuity net flows
Fixed annuity deposits
Fixed annuity withdrawals
Fixed annuity net flows
Total annuity deposits
Total annuity withdrawals
Total annuity net flows
2006
$
$
$
7,251
(4,080)
3,171
2,090
(697)
1,393
9,341
(4,777)
4,564
717
(175)
542
698
(3,139)
(2,441)
10,756
(8,091)
2,665
2005
5,539
(3,240)
2,299
1,871
(634)
1,237
7,410
(3,874)
3,536
-
-
-
118
(775)
(657)
7,528
(4,649)
2,879
2004
4,344
(2,864)
1,480
1,656
(506)
1,150
6,000
(3,370)
2,630
-
-
-
498
(741)
(243)
6,498
(4,111)
2,387
$
$
$
Annuities incremental deposits
$
10,625
$
7,347
$
6,470
Improvement (Worsening)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
31%
-26%
38%
12%
-10%
13%
26%
-23%
29%
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
43%
-74%
-7%
45%
28%
-13%
55%
13%
-25%
8%
24%
-15%
34%
NM
NM
NM
-76%
-5%
NM
16%
-13%
21%
14%
December 31, (in millions)
Account Values
Variable annuities
Fixed annuities (including indexed annuities)
Fixed annuities ceded to reinsurers
Total fixed annuities
Total annuities
2006
2005
2004
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
$
$
$
51,782
14,932
(1,812)
13,120
64,902
41,576
6,918
(2,232)
4,686
46,262
34,839
7,303
(2,297)
5,006
39,845
$
$
$
25%
116%
-19%
180%
40%
19%
-5%
-3%
-6%
16%
-5%
Fixed portion of variable annuities
$
3,613
$
3,921
$
4,148
-8%
56
Interest Rate Spreads
Net investment income yield
Interest rate credited to policyholders
Interest rate spread
Effect on yield and interest rate spread:
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Interest rate spread, excluding the above items
2006
5.80%
3.82%
1.98%
2005
5.74%
3.94%
1.80%
2004
6.19%
4.08%
2.11%
0.07%
0.00%
1.91%
0.04%
0.00%
1.76%
0.20%
0.04%
1.87%
Average fixed annuity account values (in millions)
$
16,475
$
10,243
$
10,557
Effect on income from operations (after-tax,
after DAC) (in millions):
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Effect on income from operations
3
$
-
$
3
1
$
-
$
1
8
$
2
10
$
December 31, (in millions)
Average Daily Variable Account Values
2006
42,504
$
2005
33,255
$
2004
26,942
$
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Change in Rate Over
Prior Year (basis points)
2006
2005
6
(12)
18
3
-
15
(45)
(14)
(31)
(16)
(4)
(11)
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
28%
2005
23%
Income from operations for this segment increased $157 million, or 62%, in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase is due
primarily to growth in account values from positive net flows and favorable market conditions, the merger with Jefferson-Pilot and
a favorable tax adjustment in 2006 related to the separate account DRD and foreign tax credits to true up the taxes for 2005
resulting from the filing of the 2005 tax return. The adoption of SOP 05-1 during 2007 is anticipated to result in a reduction to the
segment’s DAC and VOBA balances which will be recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. The impact of SOP 05-1 is
expected to prospectively increase DAC and VOBA amortization in 2007 assuming that replacement activity, as defined by SOP
05-1, is comparable to recent years. Our estimates are based upon our interpretation of SOP 05-1 and the proposed
implementation guidance and does not consider our interpretations of final implementation guidance which could be issued in
2007. As a result, the actual impact of the adoption of SOP 05-1 may differ significantly from our estimates as the issuance of new
implementation guidance and evolving industry practice may affect our interpretation and implementation.
Revenues
Insurance fees increased 36% in 2006 compared to 2005, due to increases in average daily variable annuity account values
and an increase in expense assessment rates resulting primarily from increased sales of riders. The increase in account values
reflects cumulative positive net flows and improvement in the equity markets between periods. Excluding the impact of dividends,
the S&P 500 Index® increased 13.6% from December 31, 2005 and the average daily S&P 500 Index® was 8.5% higher in 2006,
compared to 2005. The increase in fixed annuity deposits from the previous year includes $717 million of deposits into indexed
annuity products, which were added to our product portfolio as a result of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot.
New deposits are an important component of our effort to grow the annuity business. Although deposits do not
significantly impact current period income from operations, they are an important indicator of future profitability. In the past
several years, we have concentrated our efforts on both product and distribution breadth. Annuity deposits increased 43% in 2006
compared to 2005, primarily due to growth in the variable annuity business. New deposits in 2006 include deposits in Jefferson-
Pilot annuity products after the merger.
57
The growth in individual variable annuity deposits was primarily a result of continued strong sales of products with the
Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage and i4LIFE® Advantage features and the expansion of the wholesaling force in LFD.
Variable annuity gross deposits in our Lincoln ChoicePlusSM and American Legacy products were up 26% in 2006 compared to
2005.
The other component of net flows relates to the retention of the business. One of the key assumptions in pricing a product
is the account persistency, which we refer to as the lapse rate. The lapse rate compares the amount of withdrawals to the retained
account values. One way to measure a company’s success in retaining assets is to look at the overall level of withdrawals from
period to period. Additionally, by comparing actual lapse rates to the rates assumed in designing the annuity product, it is possible
to gauge the impact of persistency on profitability. The overall lapse rate in 2006 was 12%, compared to 9% in 2005. See the
discussion below for the drivers of the increased lapse rates.
Included in our suite of fixed annuity products are several multi-year guarantee products. Our Step Five Fixed Annuity
products have a 60 day window period following each five-year fixed guarantee period during which there is no surrender charge,
and where crediting rates are reset at the beginning of the window period. Crediting rates for these products are either at or near
minimum guaranteed crediting rates. As multi-year guarantees expire, policyholders have the opportunity to renew their annuities
at rates in effect at that time. Account values for these products were $2.1 billion at December 31, 2006, with approximately $1
billion of account values entering the window period during 2007. Amounts after 2007 are not significant. During 2006,
approximately $1.3 billion of account values entered the window period of which 56% lapsed. In connection with our annual
comprehensive review of assumptions underlying DAC, VOBA, DFEL, and DSI amortization, we adjusted our lapse rate
assumptions for these products to reflect actual experience to date. The after-DAC, after-tax effect to the earnings of the segment
is mitigated in part by a 50% coinsurance arrangement on 90% of the account values. See “Reinsurance” for additional
information on this arrangement. Included in the fixed annuity business acquired in the Jefferson-Pilot merger was approximately
$2.5 billion of fixed annuity policyholder fund balances with multi-year guarantees, of which approximately $1.1 billion reset in
2006 with approximately 85% lapsing where the holder did not select another of our products. In 2007, approximately $370
million of fixed annuities with multi-year guarantees will reset, of which we expect approximately 65% will based upon emerging
experience. In 2008, approximately $220 million will be entering reset periods. As multi-year guarantees expire, policyholders have
the opportunity to renew their annuities at rates in effect at that time.
Also included in the fixed annuity business acquired in the merger was approximately $4.1 billion of fixed annuity
policyholder fund balances with crediting rates that are reset on an annual basis and are not subject to surrender charges. Account
values for these products were $3.8 billion at December 31, 2006 with 36% already at their minimum guaranteed rates. The
average crediting rates for these products were approximately 38 basis points in excess of average minimum guaranteed rates. Our
ability to retain the multi-year guarantee and annual reset annuities will be subject to current competitive conditions at the time
interest rates for these products reset.
We acquired our indexed annuity business through the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Profitability of indexed annuities is
influenced by the management of derivatives to hedge the index performance of the policies. These contracts permit the holder to
elect an interest rate return or an equity market component, where interest credited to the contracts is linked to the performance of
the S&P 500 Index®. Policyholders may elect to rebalance index options at renewal dates, either annually or biannually. At each
renewal date, we have the opportunity to re-price the equity-indexed component by establishing participation rates, subject to
minimum guarantees. We purchase options that are highly correlated to the portfolio allocation decisions of our policyholders,
such that we are economically hedged with respect to equity returns for the current reset period. The mark-to-market of the
options we hold impacts investment income and interest credited in approximately equal and offsetting amounts. Additionally, we
calculate the fair values of index options we will purchase in the future to hedge policyholder index allocations applicable to future
reset periods. These fair values represent an estimate of the cost of the options we will purchase in the future less expected charges
to policyholders, discounted back to the date of the balance sheet, using current market indicators of volatility and interest rates.
Changes in the fair values of these liabilities result in volatility that is reported in interest credited. Interest credited was increased
by $4 million ($1 million after-DAC, after-tax) in 2006 for this fair value adjustment. The notional amounts of policyholder fund
balances allocated to the index options were $2.4 billion at December 31, 2006.
Net investment income increased $425 million, or 69%, in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase in net investment income is
due to the merger. Overall growth in net investment income has been constrained due primarily to lower investment portfolio
yields, lower average fixed annuity account values and net outflows. Net investment income included $10 million and $4 million
(pre-DAC, pre-tax) from commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Net investment income in 2006 also includes an increase of $62 million (pre-DAC, pre-tax) from the mark-to-market adjustment
for S&P 500 Index® call options supporting the hedge program for the indexed annuity business acquired in the merger. This
58
adjustment, which is largely offset by a related adjustment in interest credited is included within insurance benefits expense but is
excluded from spread calculations.
When analyzing the impact of net investment income, it is important to understand that a portion of the investment income
earned is credited to the policyholders of our fixed annuity products. The interest credited to policyholders is included in the
segment’s insurance benefits. The annuity product interest rate spread represents the excess of the yield on earning assets over the
average crediting rate. The yield on earning assets is calculated as net investment income on fixed product investment portfolios
divided by average earning assets. The average crediting rate is calculated using interest credited on annuity products less the mark-
to-market adjustment on the indexed annuity business, bonus credits and excess interest on policies with the dollar cost averaging
feature, divided by the average fixed account values net of coinsured account values. Fixed account values reinsured under
modified coinsurance agreements are included in account values for this calculation. Interest credited to policyholder balances
increased in 2006 compared to 2005 as a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, partially offset by lower average fixed account values
and lower average crediting rates.
The interest rate spread table above summarizes the effect of changes in the portfolio yield, the rate credited to
policyholders, as well as the impact of prepayment premiums on results on an after-DAC, after-tax basis. The adjusted interest rate
spread was 1.91% and 1.76% in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The improvement is primarily due to a reduction in crediting rates
year over year, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of the fair value adjustment on our indexed annuity products discussed
above. During the third quarter of 2006, we also harmonized our policy for accounting and reporting for investment defaults by
discontinuing the historical practice followed by Jefferson-Pilot of business segments reimbursing Other Operations for actual
default experience through an intra-company charge referred to as the default charge. Net investment income in 2006 was reduced
by $4 million ($1 million after-DAC, after-tax) of default charges before the methodology was changed. This change did not have
an effect on consolidated income from operations.
We expect to manage the effect of spreads for near-term operating income through a combination of rate actions and
portfolio management. Our expectation includes the assumption that there are no significant changes in net flows in or out of our
fixed accounts or other changes that may cause interest rate spreads to differ from our expectation. For information on interest
rate spreads and the interest rate risk due to falling interest rates, see “Item 7A - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk” of this Form 10-K.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits include interest credited to policyholders of $748 million and $437 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Increases from the merger with Jefferson-Pilot were partially offset by past actions taken to lower crediting rates commensurate
with the reduction in the overall investment yield over the last several years and lower fixed account values. See the table above for
the interest rate credited to policyholders. Interest credited to policyholders in 2006 also includes an increase of $59 million from
the mark-to-market adjustment for indexed annuity liabilities acquired in the merger with Jefferson-Pilot resulting from changes in
equity markets. This adjustment, which is largely offset in net investment income by a corresponding change in the market value
of S&P 500 Index® call options acquired to hedge the equity market exposure for these liabilities is not included in spread
calculations. Interest credited increased $4 million from the unfavorable fair value adjustment on our indexed annuity product
liabilities, as discussed above. This fair value adjustment, which is influenced by equity markets and interest rates used for
discounting the calculation, can be volatile from period to period affecting the comparability of interest credited.
Also included in insurance benefits are the costs associated with guaranteed benefits included within variable annuities with
the GMDB, GMWB or GIB riders. For 2006, favorable market conditions resulted in decreased insurance benefits for the
GMDB, GMWB and GIB riders, which were offset by unfavorable hedge results compared to 2005. The effect of changes in net
reserve and benefit payments and results of the hedge program attributable to these guaranteed benefits was such that the period
over period variances was an increase to benefits and expenses of $15 million ($5 million after-DAC, after-tax).
In the fourth quarter of 2006, we implemented a new process to estimate the fair value of the embedded derivative for our
i4LIFE® GIB riders and began hedging this rider with a new hedge program. The implementation of this new calculation for the
embedded derivative resulted in a change in the value that decreased the amount included in insurance benefits by $23 million ($6
million after-DAC, after-tax) for 2006 and was partially offset by hedging losses of $6 million ($2 million after-DAC, after-tax).
In the third quarter of 2006, we completed our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the prospective
amortization of DAC, VOBA, DFEL, and DSI and the calculations of the GMDB reserves and the embedded derivative related to
GMWB. This review resulted in a net favorable unlocking adjustment due to a favorable net interest rate margin, maintenance
expense and mortality assumptions, partially offset by unfavorable fixed annuity account value retention discussed above and
growth in our GIB riders with higher partial withdrawals. The result of this prospective assumption adjustment was a reduction in
59
benefits and expenses of $6 million pre-tax ($4 million after-tax) and a reduction in insurance fees of $3 million pre-tax ($2 million
after-tax). The comprehensive review completed during the third quarter of 2006 is not expected to significantly affect future
amortization expense.
Our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the prospective amortization of DAC, VOBA, DFEL, and
DSI, and the calculations of the GMDB reserves and the embedded derivative related to GMWB in 2005 resulted in a favorable
adjustment due to continued favorable account value retention partially offset by mortality. In 2005, the result of this adjustment
was a reduction in benefits and expenses of $33 million pre-tax ($21 million after-tax).
At December 31, 2006, the segment’s net amount at risk (“NAR”) related to contracts with a GMDB feature was $0.3
billion. The related GAAP and statutory reserves were $23 million and $42 million, respectively. The comparable amounts at
December 31, 2005, were a NAR of $0.5 billion, GAAP reserves of $15 million and statutory reserves of $42 million. At any point
in time, the NAR is the difference between the potential death benefit payable and the total account value, with a floor of zero
(when account values exceed the potential death benefit there is no amount at risk). Accordingly, the NAR represents the
maximum amount we would have to pay if all policyholders died. In evaluating the GMDB exposures that exist within our variable
annuity business relative to industry peers, it is important to distinguish between the various types of GMDB features, and other
factors such as average account values, average amounts of NAR, and the age of contractholders. The following table and
discussion provides this information for our variable annuity business as of December 31, 2006:
Type of GMDB Feature
Variable Annuity Account Value (billions)
% of Total Annuity Account Value
Average Account Value (thousands)
Average NAR (thousands)
NAR (billions)
Average Age of Contract Holder
% of Contract Holders > 70 Years of Age
Return of High Water
Premium
$ 24.0
46.4%
$ 106.4
6.3
0.1
64
14.3%
Mark
$ 22.5
43.4%
$ 106.2
8.9
0.2
64
30.8%
No GMDB
$ 4.9
9.4%
$ 73.0
Roll-up
$ 0.4
0.8%
$ 81.0
12.5 N/A
-
67
41.0%
-
62
31.0%
Total
$ 51.8
100.0%
$ 101.8
8.6
0.3
64
20.0%
We have variable annuity contracts containing GMDBs that have a dollar for dollar withdrawal feature. Under such a
feature, withdrawals reduce both current account value and the GMDB amount on a dollar for dollar basis. For contracts
containing this dollar for dollar feature, the account holder could withdraw a substantial portion of their account value resulting in
a GMDB that is multiples of the current account value. Our exposure to this dollar for dollar risk is somewhat mitigated by the
fact that we do not allow for partial 1035 exchanges on non-qualified contracts. To take advantage of the dollar for dollar feature,
the contractholder must take constructive receipt of the withdrawal and pay any applicable surrender charges. We report the
appropriate amount of the withdrawal that is taxable to the Internal Revenue Service, as well as indicating whether or not tax
penalties apply under the premature distribution tax rules. We closely monitor the dollar for dollar withdrawal GMDB exposure.
Beginning in 2003, the GMDB feature offered on new contract sales is a pro-rata GMDB feature whereby each dollar of
withdrawal reduces the GMDB benefit in proportion to the current GMDB to account value ratio. As of December 31, 2006,
there were 813 contracts for which the death benefit to account value ratio was greater than ten to one. The NAR on these
contracts was $52 million.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $256 million, or 42%, in 2006 compared to 2005. The
increases were driven by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, higher incentive compensation expenses, and account value growth from
sales and favorable equity markets, which resulted in higher commission expenses, net of deferrals and higher DAC amortization.
Federal Income Taxes
Federal income tax expense in 2006 included a reduction of $33 million related to a favorable true-up to the 2005 tax return
primarily relating to the separate accounts DRD. For additional information see Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.
60
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Income from operations for this segment increased $43 million, or 21%, in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase was due
primarily to growth in variable account values from positive net flows and favorable market conditions, net of lower fixed spreads.
Revenues
Insurance fees increased 30% in 2005 compared to 2004, due to increases in average daily variable annuity account values
and an increase in expense assessment rates resulting primarily from increased sales of riders. The increase in account values
reflects cumulative positive net flows and improvement in the equity markets between periods.
Annuity deposits increased 16% in 2005 compared to 2004, primarily due to growth in the variable annuity business. The
growth in individual variable annuity deposits was primarily a result of continued strong sales of products with the Lincoln
SmartSecuritySM Advantage feature and the expansion of the wholesaling force in LFD. Variable annuity gross deposits in our
Lincoln ChoicePlusSM and American Legacy products were up 25% in 2005 compared to 2004. Fixed annuities decreased due to a
lower interest rate environment.
Overall lapse rates were 8.6% in 2005 compared to 8.7% in 2004 and were more favorable than the level of persistency
expected in product pricing.
Net investment income declined 8% in 2005 compared with 2004. The decrease in net investment income in 2005 was due
to lower fixed account values and lower investment portfolio rates in 2005, lower commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond
makewhole premiums, and $4 million of contingent interest income received in 2004.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits increased $9 million, or 2% in 2005 compared to 2004. Insurance benefits include interest credited to
policyholders, which decreased to $393 million in 2005 compared to $413 million in 2004 as a result of actions taken to lower
crediting rates commensurate with the reduction in the overall investment yield. Also included in insurance benefits are costs
associated with guaranteed benefits included within variable annuities with GMDB, GMWB or GIB riders. The effect of changes
in net reserves and benefit payments during 2005 attributable to these guaranteed benefits was partially offset by the favorable
results of the expanded hedge program implemented in 2004 such that the period over period variances on an after-DAC and
after-tax basis was $4 million.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $19 million, or 3% in 2005 compared to 2004. The
increase was driven principally by higher net DAC amortization from higher insurance fees net of lower fixed margins.
In the third quarter of 2005, we completed our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the prospective
amortization of DAC, VOBA, DFEL, and DSI and the calculations of the GMDB reserves and the embedded derivative related to
GMWB. This review resulted in a favorable unlocking adjustment due to favorable lapse rates offset by mortality. In 2005, the
result of this prospective unlocking was a reduction in expenses of $33 million pre-tax ($22 million after-tax). The annual
comprehensive review of assumptions completed in the third quarter of 2004 resulted in prospective unlocking of $32 million pre-
tax ($20 million after-tax).
61
Individual Markets – Life Insurance
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006
2005
2004
$ 322
1,380
1,511
43
3,256
$ 198
759
909
45
1,911
$ 194
748
901
20
1,863
1,769
742
2,511
745
249
$ 496
1,021
503
1,524
387
127
$ 260
993
489
1,482
381
124
$ 257
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
63%
82%
66%
-4%
70%
73%
48%
65%
93%
96%
91%
2%
1%
1%
125%
3%
3%
3%
3%
2%
2%
1%
62
Interest Rate Spreads
Interest Sensitive Products
Net investment income yield
Interest rate credited to policyholders
Interest rate spread
Effect on yield and interest rate spreads:
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Interest rate spread, excluding the above items
Effect on income from operations (after-tax,
after DAC) (in millions):
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Effect on income from operations
Traditional Products
Net investment income yield
Effect on yield:
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Net investment income yield, excluding the above items
Effect on income from operations (after-tax) (in millions)
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Effect on income from operations
(in millions)
Sales by Product
Universal Life ("UL")
Excluding MoneyGuard®
MoneyGuard®
Total Universal Life
Variable Universal Life ("VUL")
Whole Life
Term
Total
Net Flows (in millions)
Deposits
Withdrawals and deaths
Net flows
Policyholder assessments
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
Change in Rate Over
Prior Year (basis points)
(4)
(16)
12
8
-
4
5
(4)
-
9
(38)
(19)
(19)
(14)
(7)
2
(10)
4
(8)
(6)
6.29%
4.52%
1.77%
0.14%
0.00%
1.63%
6.33%
4.68%
1.65%
0.06%
0.00%
1.59%
6.71%
4.87%
1.84%
0.20%
0.07%
1.57%
$
8
-
$
8
$
2
-
$
2
$
7
2
$
9
6.60%
6.55%
6.65%
0.12%
0.00%
6.48%
0.16%
0.00%
6.39%
0.12%
0.08%
6.45%
2
$
-
$
2
1
$
-
$
1
2
$
1
$
3
2006
2005
2004
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
$
437
$
192
$
178
31
468
61
2
40
571
$
34
226
42
2
33
303
$
37
215
34
2
41
292
$
$
3,365
(1,342)
2,023
1,992
$
$
$
$
$
2,031
(836)
1,195
1,147
63
$
$
$
1,970
(834)
1,136
1,066
128%
-9%
107%
45%
-
21%
88%
66%
-61%
69%
74%
8%
-8%
5%
24%
-
-20%
4%
3%
0%
5%
8%
(in millions)
Account Values
Universal Life
Variable Universal Life
Interest-Sensitive Whole Life ("ISWL")
Total life insurance account values
In-Force Face Amount
Universal Life and Other
Term Insurance
Total in-force
Net Amount at Risk
Universal Life and Other
Term Insurance
Total net amount at risk
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
2006
2005
2004
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
$
$
$
19,633
4,600
2,257
26,490
9,573
2,242
2,236
14,051
$
$
$
9,018
2,027
2,214
13,259
$
$
267,228
234,148
501,376
$
$
238,200
233,000
471,200
$
$
128,792
187,849
316,641
$
$
112,300
186,900
299,200
$
$
125,043
172,459
297,502
$
$
109,500
171,600
281,100
105%
105%
1%
89%
107%
25%
58%
112%
25%
57%
6%
11%
1%
6%
3%
9%
6%
3%
9%
6%
Income from operations for this segment increased $236 million, or 91%, in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase was
driven by the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the increased operating results from the merger, income from operations in
2006 increased over 2005 due to favorable investment results and growth of business in force, partially offset by the unfavorable
adjustments from the annual DAC, VOBA and DFEL comprehensive assumption review compared with the results of that review
in 2005 and an increase in reserves for life insurance policies with secondary guarantees.
Revenues
Revenues in 2006 increased 70% compared to 2005 due to the inclusion of results from the Jefferson-Pilot companies
beginning in April 2006. Revenues from insurance fees were up 82% in 2006 compared to 2005. Insurance fees include mortality
assessments, expense assessments (net of DFEL deferrals and amortization) and surrender charges. In addition to the effects of
the merger, growth in mortality and expense assessments in 2006 compared to 2005 was primarily related to increased business in
force due to new sales, favorable persistency and the impact of DFEL unlocking, discussed in the Benefits and Expenses section
below. The improved persistency results should positively affect future revenues.
In 2006, life insurance in-force grew, as a result of and in addition to the Jefferson-Pilot merger. In-force growth should be
considered independently with regard to term products versus permanent products, as term products have a lower profitability in
relation to face amount compared to permanent products. Insurance premium revenue relates primarily to whole life and term life
insurance products. Excluding the impact of the Jefferson-Pilot companies, insurance premiums for term insurance increased 37%
in 2006 compared to 2005, while insurance premiums for whole life decreased 8%. For term insurance, gross premiums grew 6%
in 2006 from continued growth in the term insurance book of business. Also contributing to the growth in net term insurance
premiums was a 4% reduction in premiums paid for reinsurance coverage in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily resulting from
restructuring our reinsurance program in September 2005. Under the restructured program, we reduced the percentage of each
new term policy reinsured and changed from using coinsurance to using renewable term reinsurance. See “Reinsurance” below for
additional information regarding our reinsurance coverage.
In the second quarter of 2006, we changed our basis for reporting sales to one more consistent with industry sales reports.
Previously, we reported sales as first year paid premium, excluding internal replacements, for all products.
64
Sales in the table above and as discussed below are reported as follows:
(cid:131) UL, VUL, MoneyGuard® – 100% of annualized expected target premium plus 5% of paid excess premium, including
an adjustment for internal replacements at approximately 50% of target.
(cid:131) Whole Life and Term – 100% of first year paid premiums.
Sales are not part of revenues (other than for term products) and do not have a significant impact on current quarter income
from operations, but are an indicator of future profitability. Total sales in 2006 increased $268 million compared to 2005 as a
result of the merger and strong performance by our distributors.
Net investment income increased $602 million, or 66%, in 2006 compared to 2005, with the increase being driven by the
merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the effects of the merger, growth in investment income was due to growth in in-force,
higher commercial mortgage loan prepayments, and bond makewhole premiums and investment income from alternative
investments. Investment income on alternative investments in the fourth quarter of 2006 was positively affected by standby equity
commitments of $10 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax, after-DAC), which was offset by a loss in the third quarter of 2006 in an
alternative investment of $14 million ($8 million after-tax, after-DAC.)
The interest rate spread on interest sensitive products is the difference between the interest to be credited to policyholder
accounts and the interest income we earn on the assets supporting the policyholder accounts. Traditional products use interest
income to build the policy reserves. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, interest sensitive products represented approximately 81%
and 78%, respectively, of total invested assets. Interest rate spreads for interest sensitive products increased 12 basis points in 2006
compared to 2005. Excluding the effects of commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums, interest rate
spreads for interest sensitive products increased 4 basis points in 2006, compared to 2005.
During the third quarter of 2006, we harmonized our accounting and reporting policy for investment defaults by
discontinuing the historical practice followed by Jefferson-Pilot of business segments reimbursing Other Operations for actual
default experience through an intra-company charge referred to as the default charge. Income from operations in 2006 includes $5
million ($2 million after-DAC, after-tax) of default charges recorded before the methodology was harmonized. This change did
not have an effect on consolidated income.
In 2006, spreads between new money rates and general account yields remained steady. At December 31, 2006, 50% of
interest sensitive account values have crediting rates at contract guaranteed levels, and 41% have crediting rates within 50 basis
points of contractual guarantees. Going forward, we expect to be able to manage the effects of spreads on near-term income from
operations through a combination of rate actions and portfolio management. This assumes no significant changes in net flows into
or out of our fixed accounts or other changes that may cause interest rate spreads to differ from our expectations. For information
on interest rate spreads and the interest rate risk due to falling interest rates, see “Item 7A - Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk” of this Form 10-K.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits include interest credited to policyholders of $882 million and $560 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively,
with the increase primarily attributable to the merger. Also contributing to the increase was growth in the book of business
partially offset by actions taken by us to lower crediting rates commensurate with the reductions in the overall investment yield in
2005. Refer to the table above for the interest rate credited to policyholders.
During the third quarter, we reviewed the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL. Insurance
benefits in 2006 include an increase of $15 million pre-tax ($10 million after-tax) to the reserve for our products with secondary
guarantees. The reserve increase resulted from updating long-term assumptions, primarily investment interest rates. The change in
assumptions is estimated to result in an increase in reserves in future years of approximately $7 million ($4 million after-tax) per
year.
The 2006 review also resulted in a negative net prospective unlocking adjustment of $14 million pre-tax ($9 million after-tax),
comprised of $1 million DFEL and $13 million DAC and VOBA. The adjustments primarily reflect the impact of the increased
reserves related to the sale of life insurance products sold with secondary guarantees, partially offset by improved mortality and
expense assumptions. The 2006 review also resulted in an increase in the on-going amortization expense of approximately $12
million pre-tax ($8 million after-tax) per year.
65
As a result of the 2005 review, the segment had a positive net prospective positive unlocking adjustment of $4 million pre-tax
($2 million after-tax), comprised of $(20) million DFEL and $24 million DAC and VOBA. The adjustments were the result of
improved mortality assumptions, partially offset by less favorable retention and interest rate assumptions.
The segment had favorable retrospective DAC, VOBA and DFEL unlocking of $16 million pre-tax ($10 million after-tax) in
2006, primarily due to favorable persistency and favorable retrospective DAC, VOBA and DFEL unlocking of $4 million pre-tax
($2 million after-tax) in 2005.
UL and VUL products with secondary guarantees represented approximately 26% of permanent life insurance in-force at
December 31, 2006 and approximately 73% of sales for these products in 2006. Actuarial Guideline 38 (“AXXX”) imposes
additional reserve requirements for these products - See “Review of Consolidated Financial Condition – Sources of Liquidity and
Cash Flow – Financing Activities” for further information on the manner in which we reinsure our AXXX reserves.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $239 million in 2006 compared to 2005, with the increase
being driven by the merger, higher incentive compensation expenses and the net impact of the DAC and VOBA unlocking
discussed above.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Income from operations for this segment increased $3 million, or 1%, in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase in income
from operations is due to the favorable adjustments from the annual DAC, VOBA and DFEL comprehensive assumption review
compared with the results of that review for 2004, mostly offset by higher operating expenses and the increase in amortization
expense arising from the 2004 review.
Revenues
Revenues in 2005 increased 3% compared to 2004. Revenues from insurance fees were up 1% in 2005 compared to 2004.
Insurance fees include mortality assessments, expense assessments (net of DFEL deferrals and amortization) and surrender
charges. The growth in mortality and expense assessments in 2005 compared to 2004 was primarily related to increased business in
force due to new sales and favorable persistency, offset by the impact of DFEL unlocking discussed in the Benefits and Expenses
section below.
In 2005, life insurance in force grew, driven by favorable persistency and increased business in force due to new sales.
Insurance premiums for term insurance increased 24% in 2005 compared to 2004, while insurance premiums for whole life
decreased 6%. For term insurance, gross premiums grew 9% in 2005 from continued growth in the term insurance book of
business. Also contributing to the growth in net term insurance premiums was a 5% reduction in premiums paid for reinsurance
coverage in 2005, primarily resulting from restructuring our reinsurance program in September 2005. Under the restructured
program, we reduced the percentage of each new term policy reinsured and changed from using coinsurance to using renewable
term reinsurance. See “Reinsurance” below for additional information regarding our reinsurance coverage.
Sales are not part of revenues (other than for term products) and do not have a significant impact on current quarter income
from operations, but are indicative of future profitability. Total sales in 2005 increased 4% compared to 2004.
Net investment income increased $8 million, or 1%, in 2005 compared to 2004.
At December 31, 2005 and 2004, interest sensitive products represented approximately 78% and 76%, respectively, of total
invested assets. Interest rate spreads on interest sensitive products declined 19 basis points in 2005 compared to 2004. Excluding
the effects of commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums, interest rate spreads for interest sensitive
products increased 2 basis points in 2005 compared to 2004.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits increased $28 million or 3% in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase resulted from growth in the book of
business partially offset by actions taken by the segment to lower crediting rates commensurate with the reductions in the overall
investment yield in 2005. Refer to table above for the interest rate credited to policyholders.
66
The 2004 annual comprehensive review of assumptions resulted in a negative net prospective unlocking adjustment of $16
million pre-tax ($11 million after-tax), comprised of $(3) million DFEL and $19 million DAC and VOBA. The adjustments
resulted primarily from a reduction in the assumption of future investment yields.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $14 million in 2005 compared to 2004, driven primarily by
increased operating expenses and increased amortization expense resulting from the 2004 review discussed above.
RESULTS OF EMPLOYER MARKETS
The Employer Markets business provides its products through two segments, Retirement Products and Group Protection,
formerly known as Benefit Partners. The Retirement Products segment operates through two lines of business – Defined
Contribution, which provides employer-sponsored variable and fixed annuities, mutual-fund based programs in the 401(k), 403(b),
and 457 marketplaces; and Executive Benefits, which provides corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”) and bank-owned life
insurance (“BOLI”) and contains an Institutional Pension business. The Group Protection segment of Employer Markets offers
group life, disability, and dental insurance to employers. For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
set forth in this section, see “Part I – Item 1 – Risk Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements – Cautionary Language” above.
Employer Markets – Retirement Products
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006
2005
2004
5
$
275
1,055
25
1,360
681
330
1,011
349
96
253
$
9
$
238
898
30
1,175
575
313
888
287
80
207
$
1
$
212
898
22
1,133
567
308
875
258
68
190
$
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2005
2006
-44%
16%
17%
-17%
16%
18%
5%
14%
22%
20%
22%
NM
12%
-
36%
4%
1%
2%
1%
11%
18%
9%
67
Retirement Products - Defined Contribution
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006
2005
2004
$ 230
738
20
988
411
297
708
280
76
$ 204
$ 211
711
25
947
402
284
686
261
74
$ 187
$ 188
714
16
918
397
275
672
246
67
$ 179
December 31, (in millions)
Account Values
Variable annuities
Fixed annuities
Total annuities
Alliance Mutual Funds
Total annuities and Alliance
2006
2005
2004
$ 17,476
11,006
28,482
$ 15,693
11,009
26,702
$ 10,656
10,837
21,493
5,174
$ 33,656
3,772
$ 30,474
2,861
$ 24,354
Fixed portion of variable annuity
$ 6,210
$ 6,354
$ 7,491
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
9%
4%
-20%
4%
2%
5%
3%
7%
3%
9%
12%
0%
56%
3%
1%
3%
2%
6%
10%
4%
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2005
2006
11%
-
7%
37%
10%
-2%
47%
2%
24%
32%
25%
-15%
68
Improvement
(Worsening)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
12%
-21%
NM
-15%
-20%
-88%
7%
-21%
NM
-10%
26%
104%
4%
-12%
NM
4%
40%
32%
4%
-7%
-19%
4%
4%
4%
3%
-15%
-61%
-10%
4%
-11%
-
-10%
NM
12%
NM
NM
2%
-21%
NM
29%
NM
-13%
7%
-32%
-61%
8%
29%
12%
Net Flows (in millions)
Variable portion of variable annuity deposits
Variable portion of variable annuity withdrawals
Variable portion of variable annuity net flows
Fixed portion of variable annuity deposits
Fixed portion of variable annuity withdrawals
Fixed portion of variable annuity net flows
Total variable annuity deposits
Total variable annuity withdrawals
Total variable annuity net flows
Fixed annuity deposits
Fixed annuity withdrawals
Fixed annuity net flows
Total annuity deposits
Total annuity withdrawals
Total annuity net flows
Alliance Mutual Fund deposits
Alliance Mutual Fund withdrawals
Total Alliance Mutual Fund net flows
Total annuity and Alliance deposits
Total annuity and Alliance withdrawals
Total annuity and Alliance net flows
Annuities incremental deposits
Alliance Mutual Fund incremental deposits
Total annuities and Alliance incremental deposits (1)
2006
2005
2004
$
2,525
(2,557)
(32)
441
(938)
(497)
2,966
(3,495)
(529)
506
(501)
5
3,472
(3,996)
(524)
$
2,254
(2,110)
144
520
(784)
(264)
2,774
(2,894)
(120)
563
(679)
(116)
3,337
(3,573)
(236)
$
2,199
(1,828)
371
575
(813)
(238)
2,774
(2,641)
133
503
(310)
193
3,277
(2,951)
326
1,113
(247)
866
1,066
(410)
656
828
(75)
753
4,585
(4,243)
342
$
4,403
(3,983)
420
$
4,105
(3,026)
1,079
$
$
$
3,395
1,113
4,508
$
$
3,265
1,066
4,331
$
$
3,029
828
3,857
(1) Incremental deposits represent gross deposits reduced by transfers from other segment products.
69
Interest Rate Spread
Net investment income yield
Interest rate credited to policyholders
Interest rate spread
Effect on yield and interest rate spread:
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Interest rate spread adjusted for above items
2006
6.32%
3.73%
2.59%
0.14%
0.00%
2.45%
2005
6.29%
3.69%
2.60%
0.12%
0.00%
2.48%
2004
6.38%
3.75%
2.63%
0.22%
0.09%
2.32%
Change in Rate Over
Prior Year (basis points)
2006
2005
3
4
(1)
2
-
(3)
(9)
(6)
(3)
(10)
(9)
16
Average fixed annuity account values (in millions)
$
11,002
$
10,884
$
10,558
Effect on income from operations (after-tax, after DAC)
(in millions):
Commercial mortgage loan prepayment
and bond makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Effect on income from operations
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
6
$
-
$
6
4
$
-
$
4
$
$
10
5
15
Income from operations for the Defined Contribution segment within the retirement business increased $17 million, or 9%,
in 2006 compared to 2005. Results in 2006 and 2005 include favorable after-tax adjustments of $5 million and $14 million,
respectively, from the completion of our annual comprehensive review of assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC and
VOBA. The results in 2006 also include a favorable tax adjustment primarily related to the separate account DRD. Excluding
these items, income from operations in 2006 compared to 2005 benefited from increases in account values from cumulative
positive net flows and strong performance in the equity markets.
Revenues
Insurance fees increased 9% in 2006 compared to 2005 as a result of increases in average daily variable annuity account
values. The increase in account values reflects cumulative positive net flows and improvement in the equity markets between
periods. Excluding the impact of dividends, the S&P 500 Index® was 13.6% higher and the average daily S&P 500 Index® was
8.5% higher in 2006 than 2005. Product sales, as measured by deposits, increased 4% in 2006, compared to 2005, across all
product lines.
New deposits are an important component of our effort to grow the Defined Contribution business. Although deposits do
not significantly impact current period income from operations, they are an important indicator of future profitability. Deposits
increased 4% in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily due to growth in two areas: the annuity-based 401(k) Director business and the
Alliance program.
Alliance program deposits were $1.5 billion (including Alliance program fixed annuity deposits) in 2006, an increase of 3%
from 2005. The Alliance program bundles our fixed annuity products with mutual funds, along with record keeping and employee
education components. We earn fees for the services that we provide to mutual fund accounts and investment margins on fixed
annuities of Alliance program accounts. The amounts associated with the Alliance mutual fund program are not included in the
separate accounts reported in our consolidated balance sheets. During 2006, we restructured the Alliance program sales
organization and now have a dedicated team in place to focus on deposit growth going forward.
The distribution model for the 401(k) Director product, which focuses on the small/corporate market, has been strategically
redesigned in 2006. In October 2006, we terminated the relationship with the third-party wholesaler. During 2006, sales of the
small/corporate market were down 13% from 2005 due to the termination of the third-party wholesaler, but we expect that the
benefits associated with our investment in a new wholesaling force will outweigh any short-term consequences of terminating our
third-party wholesaling relationship.
70
The other component of net flows relates to the retention of our business as demonstrated by our lapse rates. The overall
lapse rate was 13.1% in 2006 compared to 12.3% in 2005. In 2006, the overall lapse rate was more favorable than the level of
persistency assumed in product pricing.
Net investment income increased 4% in 2006, compared with 2005. The increases were due to growth in fixed annuity
account values. The increase also includes $15 million from commercial mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole
premiums in 2006 compared to $13 million in 2005.
A portion of the net investment income in this segment is credited to our fixed annuity policyholders. The interest credited
to policyholders is included in the segment’s expenses. As stated above, annuity product interest rate spreads represent the excess
of the yield on earning assets over the average crediting rate. The yield on earning assets is calculated as net investment income on
fixed product investment portfolios divided by average earning assets. The average crediting rate is calculated using interest
credited on annuity products divided by the average fixed account values. Interest credited to policyholder balances increased in
2006 compared to 2005 as a result of higher average fixed account values and higher average crediting rates.
The interest rate spread table above summarizes the effect on income from operations of changes in the portfolio yield, the
rate credited to policyholders, as well as the impact of prepayment premiums on an after-DAC, after-tax basis. The interest rate
spread decreased to 2.59% in 2006 from 2.60% in 2005. This was driven by an increase in investment income yield, partially offset
by an increase in crediting rates. After removing the effects of prepayment premiums, the interest rate spread was 2.45% in 2006
compared to 2.48% in 2005. In response to the competitive environment, we increased crediting rates in April 2006 by 10 basis
points for a series of our fixed annuity products with approximately $6 billion of account values. Effective October 1, 2006, we
increased the crediting rates for these products by an additional 10 basis points. We are currently evaluating further crediting rate
actions, with the expectation of maintaining stable spreads over the near term, excluding the effects of prepayment premiums. For
information on interest rate spreads and the interest rate risk due to falling interest rates, see “Item 7A - Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of this Form 10-K.
Benefits and Expenses
Interest credited to policyholders is included in insurance benefits and increased 2% in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase
is a result of the increase in crediting rates discussed above. See the table above for the interest rate credited to policyholders.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased 5% in 2006 compared to 2005. This increase was
primarily the result of less favorable DAC and VOBA adjustments as discussed below, higher incentive compensation accruals and
a change in expense allocation methodology put into effect in the second quarter of 2006 as a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger,
which shifted expenses to other business segments. The change in methodology was not material to the other segments and did
not affect consolidated expenses.
During the third quarter of 2006, we conducted our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the
amortization of DAC and VOBA. As a result of this comprehensive review, the segment had DAC and VOBA net prospective
positive unlocking adjustment of $7 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax). The adjustments primarily reflect a lower long-term
interest rate assumption and favorable margins, partially offset by lower persistency assumptions. The comprehensive review
during the third quarter of 2006 is not expected to significantly affect on-going amortization expense.
As a result of the annual comprehensive review conducted in the third quarter of 2005, the segment had DAC and VOBA
net prospective positive unlocking adjustment of $22 million pre-tax ($14 million after-tax). The adjustments were the result of
improved retention assumptions.
A portion of the variable annuity contracts in the segment contain GMDB’s in the form of a Return of Premium (“ROP”)
GMDB feature, which guarantees a return of premiums adjusted for any withdrawals. At December 31, 2006, approximately $14.3
billion, or 60%, of variable annuity contract account values contained an ROP death benefit feature and the net amount at risk
related to these contracts was $16 million. The remaining variable annuity contract account values, including all the 401(k)
Director product, contain no GMDB feature.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Income from operations for the Defined Contribution segment increased $8 million, or 4%, in 2005 compared to 2004.
Results in 2005 and 2004 include favorable after-tax adjustments of $14 million and $3 million from the completion of our annual
comprehensive review of assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC and VOBA. Excluding these items, income from
71
operations in 2005 compared to 2004 benefited from increases in account values from cumulative positive net flows and
improvement in the equity markets.
Revenues
Insurance fees increased 12% in 2005 compared to 2004 as a result of increases in average daily variable annuity account
values. The increase in account values reflects cumulative positive net flows and improvement in the equity markets between
periods. Excluding the impact of dividends, the S&P 500 Index® was 3.0% higher and the average daily S&P 500 Index® was
6.8% higher in 2005 than 2004. Product sales, as measured by deposits, increased 8% in 2005, compared to 2004.
Deposits increased 12% in 2005 compared to 2004, primarily due to growth in two areas: the annuity-based 401(k) Director
business and the Alliance program.
The overall lapse rate was 12.3% in 2005 compared to 11.0% for 2004. In 2005, the overall lapse rate was more favorable
than the level of persistency assumed in product pricing.
Net investment income declined slightly in 2005, compared with 2004. In 2005, net investment income included commercial
mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums of $13 million compared to $23 million in 2004. In addition the
segment received $9 million of contingent interest income in 2004. Excluding these items, investment income was up $16 million
reflecting higher average fixed account values and improved investment rates.
The interest rate spread table above summarizes the effect of changes in the portfolio yield, the rate credited to
policyholders, as well as the impact of prepayment premiums on results on an after-DAC, after-tax basis. The interest rate spread
declined to 2.60% in 2005 from 2.63% for 2004. This was driven by an increase in investment income yield, partially offset by an
increase in crediting rates. After removing the effects of prepayment premiums and contingent interest, the interest rate spread
was 2.48% in 2005 compared to 2.32% for 2004.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits increased 1% in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase is a result of the decrease in crediting rates
discussed above, net of an increase in average fixed account values from positive cash flows. See the table above for the interest
rate credited to policyholders.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased 3% in 2005 compared to 2004.
As a result of the annual comprehensive review conducted in the third quarter of 2005, the segment had DAC and VOBA
net prospective positive unlocking adjustment of $22 million pre-tax ($14 million after-tax). The adjustments were the result of
improved retention assumptions.
As a result of the annual comprehensive review conducted in the third quarter of 2004, for 2004 the segment had DAC and
VOBA net prospective positive unlocking adjustment of $5 million pre-tax ($3 million after-tax). The adjustments were the result
of improved retention assumptions offset by a decline in spread projections.
72
Retirement Products - Executive Benefits
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006
2005
2004
$
5
45
317
5
372
270
33
303
69
20
49
$
$
9
27
187
5
228
173
29
202
26
6
20
$
$
1
24
184
6
215
170
33
203
12
1
11
$
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
-44%
67%
70%
-
63%
56%
14%
50%
165%
233%
145%
NM
13%
2%
-17%
6%
2%
-12%
0%
117%
NM
82%
Operational Data (in millions)
COLI/BOLI - Sales
2006
$
83
2005
$
50
2004
$
52
2006
66%
2005
-4%
Improvement (Worsening)
Over Prior Year
COLI/BOLI - Account Value Roll Forward
Balance beginning-of-period
Business acquired
Deposits
Withdrawals and deaths
Net flows
Policyholder assessments
Interest credited and change in market value
Balance end-of-period
$
$
$
1,318
2,795
267
(210)
57
(60)
195
4,305
1,122
-
210
(48)
162
(35)
70
1,319
969
-
273
(161)
112
(31)
72
1,122
$
$
$
COLI/BOLI - In-Force
$
15,645
$
7,729
$
7,077
Institutional Pensions - Account Value
$
2,720
$
2,737
$
2,906
17%
NM
27%
NM
-65%
-71%
179%
226%
102%
-1%
16%
NM
-23%
70%
45%
-13%
-3%
18%
9%
-6%
For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see “Part I – Item 1 – Risk
Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements – Cautionary Language” above.
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Income from operations for Executive Benefits business increased $29 million in 2006 compared to 2005, due primarily to
the April 2006 merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the effects of the merger, growth in our COLI and BOLI in-force also
contributed to the increases. Mortality in the Institutional Pension business was favorable in 2006 compared to 2005.
Revenues
Insurance fees and premiums for this business increased 39% in 2006, primarily as a result of the additions of the Jefferson-
Pilot BOLI business.
73
Included in the BOLI acquired with the Jefferson-Pilot companies are life insurance products sold to community banks,
which accounted for $1.9 billion in policyholder fund balances. At December 31, 2006, VOBA balances, net of unearned revenue
reserves, related to these blocks were approximately $121 million. These policies, which are generally not subject to surrender
charges, are owned by several thousand policyholders. These policies were primarily originated through, and continue to be
serviced by, two marketing organizations. The surrender rate for this product may increase beyond current experience due to the
absence of surrender charges and rising interest rates that may result in returns available to policyholders on competitors’ products
being more attractive than on our policies in force. The following factors may influence policyholders to continue these coverages:
1) our ability to adjust crediting rates; 2) relatively high minimum rate guarantees; 3) the difficulty of re-underwriting existing and
additional covered lives; and 4) unfavorable tax attributes of certain surrenders. Our assumptions for amortizing VOBA and
unearned revenue for these policies reflect a higher long-term expected lapse rate than other blocks of business due to the factors
noted above. Lapse experience for this block in a particular period could vary significantly from our long-term lapse assumptions.
In the second quarter of 2006 we changed our basis for reporting sales to one more consistent with industry sales reports.
Previously, we reported sales as first year paid premium, excluding internal replacements. Sales are now reported as 100% of
annualized expected target premium plus 5% of paid excess premium, including an adjustment for internal replacements at
approximately 50% of target. Sales in 2006 increased 66% over 2005, primarily in the historical Lincoln products, and include the
impact of two new product launches in the second half of the year.
Net investment income increased 70% in 2006 compared to 2005. The increases were driven principally by the Jefferson-
Pilot merger. During the third quarter of 2006, we harmonized our policy for accounting and reporting for investment defaults by
discontinuing the historical practice followed by Jefferson-Pilot of business segments reimbursing Other Operations for actual
default experience through an intra-company charge referred to as the default charge. Income from operations in 2006 includes $2
million ($1 million after-DAC, after-tax) of default charges recorded before the methodology was harmonized. This change did
not have an effect on consolidated income from operations.
Benefits and Expenses
Insurance benefits, which includes interest credited to policyholders, increased $97 million, or 56%, in 2006 compared to
2005. The increase is primarily due to interest credited to Jefferson-Pilot policyholders. On July 1, 2006, we implemented a 25
basis point increase in crediting rates on our BOLI business. Excluding the increase from Jefferson-Pilot companies, insurance
benefits in 2006 were essentially level with the same 2005 periods, as increased interest credited on the COLI and BOLI business
from growth in account values and rate increases was offset by favorable mortality in the institutional pension business.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses increased $4 million, or 14% in 2006 compared to 2005. The
increase was primarily the result of inclusion of the Jefferson-Pilot BOLI business, partially offset by unfavorable retrospective
unlocking in 2005 as discussed below and a change in expense allocation methodology put into effect in the third quarter of 2006
as a result of the April 2006 Jefferson-Pilot merger. The change in methodology did not affect consolidated expenses.
The impact to expenses resulting from our annual comprehensive review in the third quarters of 2006 and 2005 of the
assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL were not significant for this business. Also included in
acquisition expenses is retrospective unlocking of DAC, VOBA and DFEL, which was not significant for 2006. Retrospective
unlocking in 2005 resulted in an unfavorable adjustment of $2 million pre-tax ($1 million after-tax) due to less favorable
persistency.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Income from operations for Executive Benefits business increased $9 million in 2005 compared to 2004, due primarily to
favorable results in 2005 from the annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA,
and DFEL, compared to unfavorable results in 2004, and also from increased business in force.
Revenues
Insurance fees and premiums for this business increased 44% in 2005, primarily as a result of increased insurance premiums
on the institutional pensions business and increased expenses charges from higher business in force on the COLI and BOLI
business.
Sales in 2005 were relatively flat compared to 2004.
74
Net investment income increased 2% in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase was driven principally by higher business in
force on the COLI and BOLI business, offset in part by the runoff of the institutional pensions business.
Benefits and Expenses
Total operating expenses decreased 1% in 2005, as the favorable impact of the annual comprehensive review as compared to
2004 offset the impacts of normal business growth.
As a result of the annual assumption review in the third quarter of 2004, the segment had a DAC, VOBA and DFEL net
prospective negative unlocking adjustment of $7 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax), comprised of $(1) million DFEL and $8
million DAC and VOBA. The adjustments resulted primarily from the review of the assumption of future investment yields and
lapse rates.
Employer Markets – Group Protection
The Group Protection segment, formerly referred to as Benefit Partners, offers group life, disability, and dental insurance
to employers. The segment’s products are marketed primarily through a national distribution system of regional group offices.
These offices develop business through employee benefit brokers, third-party administrators and other employee benefit firms.
The Group Protection segment was added as a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Therefore, its results are included in our
consolidated results effective with the second quarter 2006.
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Net investment income
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006
$ 949
80
3
1,032
663
217
880
152
53
$ 99
Product Line Data (in millions)
Life
Disability
Dental
Total non-medical
Medical
Total
Expense ratios:
General and administrative expenses
to earned premiums
Total expenses to earned premiums
Sales - annualized premium:
Life, disability and dental combined
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Income from
Operations
37
$
53
6
96
3
Earned
Premiums
334
$
407
95
836
113
$
99
$
949
Loss Ratios
69.7%
64.4%
72.2%
67.4%
11.0%
22.8%
$
209
75
Income from operations for this segment benefited from favorable claim experience on all products, particularly long-term
disability. We recognize premiums for this segment as revenues and claims are incurred. Because group underwriting risks may
change over time, management focuses on trends in loss ratios to compare actual experience with pricing expectations. The level
of expenses is also an important driver of profitability for this segment, as group insurance contracts are offered within an
environment that competes on the basis of price and service. Reported sales relate to long-duration contracts sold to new
policyholders and new programs sold to existing policyholders. The trend in sales is an important indicator of development of
business in force over time.
The adoption of SOP 05-1 during 2007 is anticipated to result in a reduction in the segment’s DAC and VOBA balances
which will be recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. The impact of SOP 05-1 is expected to prospectively increase DAC and
VOBA amortization in 2007 assuming that replacement activity, as defined by SOP 05-1, is comparable to recent years. Our
estimates are based upon our interpretation of SOP 05-1 and the proposed implementation guidance and does not consider our
interpretations of final implementation guidance which could be issued in 2007. As a result, the actual impact of the adoption of
SOP 05-1 may differ from our estimate as the issuance of new implementation guidance and evolving industry practice may affect
our interpretation and implementation.
For additional information about the expected impact of SOP 05-1, refer to Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements.
For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see “Part I – Item 1 – Risk
Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements – Cautionary Language” above.
Revenues
After the merger, the operations of the Group Protection segment were substantially unchanged from when it was part of
Jefferson-Pilot. Insurance premiums in 2006 increased modestly compared to 2005 reported by Jefferson-Pilot prior to the merger.
Both the non-medical portion and the other portion of the business increased over comparable prior year periods. The business
represented as “other” consists primarily of our non-core Exec-U-Care® product. This product provides an insured medical
expense reimbursement vehicle to executives for non-covered health plan costs. This product produces significant revenues and
benefits expenses for this segment but only a limited amount of segment income from operations. Discontinuance of this product
would significantly impact segment revenues.
During the third quarter of 2006, we harmonized our policy for accounting and reporting for investment defaults by
discontinuing the historical practice followed by Jefferson-Pilot of business segments reimbursing Other Operations for actual
default experience through an intra-company charge referred to as the default charge. Income from operations in 2006 includes $1
million ($0.3 million after-tax) of default charges recorded before the methodology was harmonized. This change did not have an
effect on consolidated income from operations.
Sales increased solidly for the nine month period subsequent to the merger compared to comparable periods reported by
Jefferson-Pilot in 2005. Exceptionally strong fourth quarter sales drove this result. Sales of larger cases were the primary
contributor to this growth in the fourth quarter, including the expansion of an existing relationship that resulted in $11 million of
sales to additional hospitals. Modest pricing adjustments reflective of the favorable experience in LTD and Dental also contributed
to these improved results. Sales rep productivity, reflecting these sales, continued to increase on a full year basis. Larger case sales
had previously been depressed industry-wide. Group Protection approaches larger case sales opportunistically and saw more
attractive opportunities in the fourth quarter that satisfied its more conservative risk profile.
Benefits and Expenses
Policy benefits reflect a total non-medical loss ratio of 67.4% in 2006, and were driven by better than expected results for our
product lines that we do not believe are sustainable. Long-term disability exhibited particularly better experience than that reported
by JP in the latter half of 2005. We experienced favorable long-term disability claims incidence and favorable claims terminations
that significantly decreased our loss ratios. Effective claims management contributed to the favorable claim termination
experience. We believe that loss ratios in the 71-74% range are more representative of longer-term expectations for the composite
non-medical portion of this segment. Although we expect normal fluctuations in this range, claim experience is inherently
uncertain and there can be no assurance that experience will fall inside this expected range. The discount rate used to calculate
reserves for newly incurred long-term disability and life waiver claims is 5.25%.
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses in 2006 were at unit expense levels comparable to prior periods
reported as Jefferson-Pilot. Excluding the effects of DAC and VOBA, these expenses increased as a percentage of earned
premiums compared to 2005 due to higher costs related to harmonization of compensation and benefit plans, and other higher
76
expense allocations related to the merger. Net of DAC and VOBA, and reflecting other expenses including commissions, taxes,
licenses and fees, total unit expenses were reduced from prior periods, principally due to lower VOBA amortization as a result of
purchase accounting relative to DAC amortization recorded by Jefferson-Pilot in 2005. During the third quarter of 2006, as a
result of a review of assumptions for DAC amortization, we changed the DAC amortization period to 15 years, consistent with the
period for VOBA, for all products except Dental, which remains at 7 years. This change was implemented retroactive to the
merger date and did not have a significant effect on results.
RESULTS OF INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
The Investment Management segment, through Delaware Investments, provides a broad range of managed account
portfolios, mutual funds, subadvised funds, and other investment products to individual investors and to institutional investors
such as private and public pension funds, foundations, and endowment funds. Delaware Investments is the marketing name for
Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries. For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
set forth in this section, see “Part I – Item 1 – Risk Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements – Cautionary Language” above.
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Investment advisory fees
Investment advisory fees - insurance-related
Other revenues and fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Operating and administrative expenses
Total operating expenses
Income from operations before Federal income taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
Margin Data
Pre-tax operating margin
2006
2005
2004
$
328
97
139
564
$
256
99
120
475
$
239
106
146
491
479
479
85
29
55
$
449
449
26
10
17
$
464
464
27
9
19
$
15.1%
5.5%
5.5%
December 31, (in millions)
Retail-equity
Retail-fixed
Total retail
Institutional-equity
Institutional-fixed
Total institutional
$
2006
39,627
10,993
50,620
$
2005
32,732
9,625
42,357
$
2004
24,274
8,457
32,731
23,845
22,841
46,686
20,577
14,699
35,276
12,849
11,547
24,396
Insurance-related assets
Total assets under management
67,067
164,373
$
43,086
120,719
$
42,791
99,918
$
Total Sub-Advised Assets, Included in Above Amounts
Retail
Institutional
Total sub-advised assets at the end of the period
$
$
18,023
4,648
22,671
$
$
15,389
5,114
20,503
$
9,466
4,084
13,550
$
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
28%
-2%
16%
19%
7%
7%
227%
190%
224%
7%
-7%
-18%
-3%
-3%
-3%
-4%
11%
-11%
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
21%
14%
20%
16%
55%
32%
56%
36%
17%
-9%
11%
35%
14%
29%
60%
27%
45%
1%
21%
63%
25%
51%
77
Net Flows (in millions)
Retail
Equity:
Fund deposits
Redemptions and transfers
Net flows-equity
Fixed income:
Fund deposits
Redemptions and transfers
Net flows-fixed income
Total retail:
Fund deposits
Redemptions and transfers
Net flows-total retail
Institutional
Equity:
Inflows/deposits
Withdrawals and transfers
Net flows-equity
Fixed income:
Inflows/deposits
Withdrawals and transfers
Net flows-fixed income
2006
2005
2004
2006
2005
Improvement (Worsening)
Over Prior Year
$
8,935
(8,522)
413
$
11,383
(5,906)
5,477
$
6,176
(4,157)
2,019
4,057
(3,284)
773
12,992
(11,806)
1,186
5,612
(4,921)
691
9,490
(2,190)
7,300
3,718
(2,753)
965
15,101
(8,659)
6,442
11,089
(5,309)
5,780
5,214
(2,216)
2,998
3,072
(3,449)
(377)
9,248
(7,606)
1,642
6,955
(4,400)
2,555
6,256
(1,813)
4,443
-22%
-44%
-92%
9%
-19%
-20%
-14%
-36%
-82%
-49%
7%
-88%
82%
1%
143%
-7%
6%
-9%
-11%
-17%
-40%
84%
-42%
171%
21%
20%
NM
63%
-14%
292%
59%
-21%
126%
-17%
-22%
-33%
23%
-21%
25%
40%
-17%
76%
Total institutional:
Inflows/deposits
Withdrawals and transfers
Net flows-total institutional
15,102
(7,111)
7,991
16,303
(7,525)
8,778
13,211
(6,213)
6,998
Combined Retail and Institutional
Deposits/inflows
Redemptions, withdrawals and transfers
Net flows-combined retail and institutional
28,094
(18,917)
9,177
$
31,404
(16,184)
15,220
$
22,459
(13,819)
8,640
$
Note: The net flows in the above table exclude the transfer of $1 billion related to the outsourced mutual fund based 401(k)
record-keeping business in 2004. Amounts in the table above include net flows of $3.3 billion related to DIAL through
September 2004. Inflows/deposits include transfer in kind purchases, contributions and dividend reinvestment.
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Income from operations in 2006 was $55 million compared to $17 million in 2005. The growth in earnings were primarily
driven by an increase in third-party assets under management and cost containment initiatives, while 2005’s results were negatively
impacted by expenses related to talent acquisitions. The segment’s pre-tax operating margin for 2006 was approximately 15%,
which was a significant improvement, compared to the prior year’s margin of 5.5%. Pre-tax operating margin is determined by
dividing pre-tax income by operating revenue.
78
Revenues, Deposits and Net Flows
Investment advisory fees increased 28% in 2006 compared to 2005 due to a higher average level of assets under management
resulting from positive net flows, changes in product mix, and improved returns in the equity markets. We believe that changes in
the management of certain asset category offerings and the recognition in the marketplace of improving investment performance
are the primary drivers of the increase in the asset base and continued positive net flows. The level of net flows may vary
considerably from period to period and net flows in one period may not be indicative of net flows in subsequent periods. The
average level of the equity markets was higher in 2006 compared to 2005, resulting in higher fee income. Excluding the impact of
dividends, the S&P 500 Index® was 13.6% higher and the average daily S&P 500 Index® was 8.5% higher in the year 2006 than in
the year 2005.
Investment advisory fees include amounts that are ultimately paid to sub-advisors for managing the sub-advised assets. The
amounts paid to sub-advisors are generally included in the segment’s expenses. In addition, included in the investment advisory
fees—external are fees earned from managing funds included within our variable annuity and life insurance products.
Investment advisory fees – insurance-related is made up of fees for asset management services this segment provides for our
general account assets supporting our fixed products and surplus, including those of the Individual and Employer Markets
businesses. In the second quarter of 2006, we lowered the fees being charged for this service on assets managed to 9 basis points
on assets managed from 16 basis points. The effect on revenue was generally offset by an increase in general account assets from
the Jefferson-Pilot merger.
The increase in total segment assets under management from December 31, 2005 to 2006 is primarily the result of an
increase in general account assets from the Jefferson-Pilot merger, positive net flows and market value gains. Market value gains in
2006 were $7.1 billion in retail and $3.4 billion in institutional. Net flows were $1.2 billion in retail and $8.0 billion in institutional
in 2006.
The International ADR managed accounts product currently sub-advised by Mondrian Investment Partners was closed to
new investors in the second quarter of 2006, although the product remains open to contributions from existing customers. ADR is
a stock that trades in the U.S. but represents a specified number of shares in a foreign corporation. ADRs are bought and sold on
U.S. markets just like traditional stocks and are issued or sponsored in the U.S. by a bank or brokerage firm. This closure was
primarily driven by investment considerations surrounding capacity limitations and the need to protect the interests of our existing
customers. Compared to 2005, our flow of funds from new managed accounts declined as a result of this product closing. Our in-
house International Value Equity team offers an alternative to the closed International product. Although impacting the growth of
deposits and the level of investment advisory fees, the closing of the International ADR managed account product has not had an
adverse material effect on our results of operations.
In May 2006, we closed our institutional and managed account Large Cap Growth products to new accounts. These
products remain open to contributions from existing accounts. These products had experienced significant growth in the last
several quarters prior to closing. Similar to the International ADR product, these closures were primarily driven by investment
considerations surrounding capacity limitations and the need to protect the interests of our existing customers. Although
impacting the growth of deposits and the level of investment advisory fees, the closing of these products has not had an adverse
material effect on our results of operations.
The level of net flows may vary considerably from period to period, and therefore results in one period are not indicative of
net flows in subsequent periods. While we expect investment performance to remain solid and look for continued and sustained
positive net flows in 2007, capacity constraints in certain investment strategies may limit growth relative to the current year.
Expenses
Operating and administrative expenses increased 7% in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily reflecting the net effect of:
increases in expenses that vary with levels of assets and revenues; modest increased spending on technology and communications
to further support the segment’s growing level of assets; and cost containment initiatives. Operating and administrative expense in
2005 reflected the additions of a large cap equity growth team and an international value equity team.
79
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Revenues, Deposits and Net Flows
Investment advisory fees increased 7% in 2005 compared to 2004. Investment advisory fees included $47 million from
DIAL managed assets for 2004. Excluding DIAL, investment advisory fees increased 33% in 2005 compared to 2004, due to
higher average levels of assets under management resulting from changes in the equity markets, changes in product mix and
positive net flows. Net flows in 2005 were 76% higher than 2004.
Investment advisory fees – insurance related decreased 7% in 2005 compared to 2004, largely a result of analysis performed
in the latter half of 2004. Effective January 1, 2005 we reduced the inter-segment fees paid to the Investment Management
segment by approximately 2 basis points, or 12%, which resulted in a negative impact of $3 million after-tax in 2005. This was
offset by corresponding net positive impacts within the Individual Markets and Employer Markets segments.
The increase in assets under management from December 31, 2004 to 2005 is primarily the result of positive net flows and
market value gains. Market value gains in 2005 were $3.2 billion in retail and $2.1 billion in institutional. Net flows were $6.4
billion in retail and $8.8 billion in institutional in 2005.
On September 24, 2004, we completed the sale of DIAL to the unit’s management group and an unaffiliated investor. As a
result of the sale of DIAL, certain retail assets are sub-advised by Mondrian, the buyer. Sub-advised assets represent 17% of the
segment’s assets under management at December 31, 2005, compared to 14% at December 31, 2004. As stated above, the
segment pays fees to the sub-advisor for managing the assets. Also, in 2004, the segment outsourced its mutual fund based 401(k)
record-keeping business. As a result, approximately $1 billion of the retirement accounts were transferred to third parties during
2004. See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, “Results of Consolidated Operations” above and “Review of
Consolidated Financial Condition – Liquidity and Capital Resources” below for additional information.
Expenses
Operating and administrative expenses decreased by 3% in 2005 compared to 2004. Operating and administrative expenses
in 2005 include the second quarter 2005 additions of a large cap equity growth team and an international value equity team.
RESULTS OF LINCOLN UK
Lincoln UK is headquartered in Barnwood, Gloucester, England, and is licensed to do business throughout the United
Kingdom. Lincoln UK primarily focuses on protecting and enhancing the value of its existing customer base. The segment
accepts new deposits from existing relationships and markets a limited range of new products. Beginning in 2006 and continuing
into 2007, Lincoln UK began participating in our overall RISV initiative and we expect to introduce retirement income product
solutions into the U.K. marketplace. Lincoln UK’s product portfolio principally consists of unit-linked life and pension products,
which are similar to U.S. produced variable life and annuity products, where the risk associated with the underlying investments is
borne by the policyholders. For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see
“Part I—Item 1—Risk Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements—Cautionary Language” above.
80
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Net investment income
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Total operating expenses
Income before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
December 31, (in millions, except exchange rate)
Unit-linked assets
Individual life insurance in-force
Exchange rate ratio-U.S. dollars to pounds sterling:
Average for the period
End of year
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Revenues
2006
2005
2004
$ 79
158
71
308
$ 63
176
79
318
$ 70
196
76
342
108
140
248
60
21
39
$
116
136
252
66
23
43
$
100
175
275
67
23
44
$
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2006
2005
25%
-10%
-10%
-3%
-7%
3%
-2%
-9%
-9%
-9%
-10%
-10%
4%
-7%
16%
-22%
-8%
-1%
-
-2%
2006
$ 8,757
19,345
2005
$ 7,320
17,521
2004
$ 7,186
20,378
1.847
1.958
1.821
1.719
1.834
1.919
Increase (Decrease)
2005
2006
20%
10%
1%
14%
2%
-14%
-1%
-10%
During 2006, the average exchange rate for the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling increased 1% compared to
2005. Excluding the effect of the exchange rate, insurance premiums increased 23% in 2006, compared to 2005, reflecting an
increase in the annuitization of vesting pension policies. The receipt of these premiums results in a corresponding increase in
benefits. Our policy lapse rate in 2006 was 6.7% compared to 6.8% in 2005, as measured by the number of policies in-force.
Excluding the effects of exchange rates, insurance fees declined 11% in 2006 compared to 2005, driven primarily by adjustments
from the completion of our comprehensive assumption reviews in 2006 and 2005, as discussed below. The segment is sensitive to
changes in the foreign currency exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the British pound sterling. A significant increase in the
value of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound would have a significant adverse effect on the segment’s operating results.
Comprehensive reviews of the assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL were completed in 2006
and 2005 resulting in impacts to income from operations of $(4) million pre-tax ($(3) million after-tax) and $3 million pre-tax ($2
million after-tax), respectively. The effect of these reviews on DFEL resulted in a negative unlocking adjustment of $11 million in
2006, compared with a net positive unlocking adjustment of $10 million in 2005. The adjustment in 2006 resulted from less
favorable treatment of pension transfers, while a modeling change drove the adjustment in 2005. The impact of the unlocking of
DAC and VOBA is included in expenses discussed below.
Expenses
Operating expenses were 2% lower in 2006 compared to 2005. Excluding the effect of the exchange rate, operating
expenses were 3% lower in 2006 than in 2005. The decrease in operating expenses was driven by adjustments from our annual
comprehensive review of assumptions for the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL conducted in 2006 and 2005. The 2006
comprehensive assumption review resulted in a net positive prospective unlocking adjustment of $3 million for DAC and VOBA
amortization, primarily due to favorable lapse rates. The comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the amortization of
DAC and VOBA completed in 2005, resulted in a net negative prospective unlocking adjustment to DAC and VOBA amortization
81
of $18 million. Although the use of the enhanced reversion to the mean process has lessened the impact of short-term volatility of
the equity markets, the segment remains subject to volatility in the equity markets on fee income.
In October 2005, Lincoln UK funded its non-U.S. defined benefit pension plan with a contribution of approximately $71
million. As a result, the annual pre-tax pension expense reduced by approximately $2 million. This reduction in expenses impacts
future EGPs used in determining DAC, VOBA and DFEL amortization and resulted in a favorable fourth quarter prospective
unlocking adjustment of approximately $11 million pre-tax ($7 million after-tax).
Lincoln UK maintains reserves established in 1997 and 1999 for mis-selling activities. On an ongoing basis, Lincoln UK
evaluates various assumptions underlying these estimated liabilities, including the expected levels of future complaints and the
potential implications with respect to the adequacy of the aggregate liability associated with UK selling practice matters. During
2006, the number of new customer complaints continued to decline and when the reserve for mis-selling practices was re-evaluated
a release of $1 million pre-tax was recorded. Future changes in complaint levels could effect Lincoln UK’s ultimate exposure to
mis-selling issues, although we believe that any future change would not materially effect our consolidated financial position.
The services provided to the segment under the Capita agreement are currently deemed to be exempt from value added tax
(“VAT”), which is levied at the rate of 17.5%. The European Commission is currently reviewing the application of VAT to
insurance and financial services. The timing of this review and how it will impact our arrangement with Capita is uncertain and not
likely to be resolved in the near future. Future changes in the application of VAT to Lincoln UK’s outsourcing arrangement with
Capita could impact the segment’s results, although we believe that any future change would not materially affect our consolidated
financial position.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Revenues
During 2005, the exchange rate for the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling decreased 1% compared to 2004.
Excluding the effect of the exchange rate, insurance premiums were down approximately 9% in 2005, compared to 2004, resulting
from the continuing decline of the in-force block. Our policy lapse rate in 2005 was 6.8% compared to 7.0% in 2004, as measured
by the number of policies in-force.
Insurance fees decreased 10% in 2005 compared to 2004, primarily due to lower net DFEL unlocking adjustments in 2005
compared to 2004. Included in insurance fees are net positive DFEL unlocking adjustments of approximately $10 million pre-tax
($6 million after-tax) in 2005 and $25 million pre-tax ($16 million after-tax) for 2004. These adjustments resulted from our 2005
and 2004 comprehensive reviews of assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL and the 2005 pension
funding discussed below. The 2005 and 2004 comprehensive assumption reviews resulted in a positive impact to income from
operations of approximately $3 million pre-tax ($2 million after-tax) for both years. The impact on DAC and VOBA of unlocking
resulting from comprehensive assumption reviews and the pension funding is included in expenses. Partially offsetting the lower
net DFEL unlocking adjustments, insurance fees benefited from the higher average equity-linked account values resulting largely
from the increase in the U.K. equity markets. As illustrated by the performance of the FTSE 100 Index®, U.K. equity markets
increased 16.7% in 2005 and 7.5% in 2004. On a daily average basis, the FTSE 100 Index® was up 14.1% in 2005 over 2004.
Expenses
Expenses were lower in 2005, compared to 2004, as increases in insurance benefits were offset by lower underwriting,
acquisition and operating expenses. Insurance benefits in 2005 included $11 million pre-tax ($7 million after-tax) to increase the
reserve for selling practice matters as a result of greater than expected levels of customer complaints. Insurance benefits for 2004
include a release of $5 million pre-tax ($3 million after-tax) of reserves related to lapsed policies. See Note 10 to our Consolidated
Financial Statements for additional information on the reserve for selling practices.
The decline in underwriting, acquisition and operating expenses in 2005, compared to 2004, primarily reflects the net
favorable change between years in DAC and VOBA unlocking of approximately $40 million pre-tax ($26 million after-tax)
resulting from the 2005 pension funding favorable unlocking and negative retrospective unlocking of assumptions for DAC and
VOBA that occurred in 2004 from increasing equity markets. The completion of the third quarter 2005 comprehensive review of
assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL resulted in unfavorable adjustments to DAC and VOBA
amortization, primarily from an unfavorable modeling change in the DAC amortization calculation process offset by favorable
persistency. In addition, in 2004 we adjusted our assumptions related to the impact of equity markets on tax related fees for unit-
linked business, primarily from changes in the assumption for policy retention, which favorably impacted income from operations
82
of approximately $8 million pre-tax ($5 million after-tax) in 2004. The impact of this unlocking on DAC, VOBA and DFEL are
included in the adjustments discussed above.
In 2004, our comprehensive review of assumptions underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA and DFEL resulted in
positive unlocking reducing income by approximately $3 million pre-tax ($2 million after-tax). In addition, we adjusted our
assumptions related to the impact of equity markets on tax related fees for unit-linked business, primarily from changes in the
assumption for policy retention, which resulted in increased amortization expenses of approximately $8 million pre-tax ($5 million
after-tax).
Related to the Lincoln UK reserves established in 1997 and 1999 for mis-selling activities discussed above, we increased the
reserve for selling practice matters by $11 million pre-tax ($7 million after-tax) as a result of greater than expected levels of
customer complaints in 2005. Offsetting the increase in reserves in 2004 were insurance reimbursements of costs incurred in
connection with mis-selling practices. The net effect of the increase in mis-selling reserves and the favorable settlements resulted
in lower expenses in 2004 of $9 million pre-tax ($6 million after-tax).
RESULTS OF LINCOLN FINANCIAL MEDIA
The Lincoln Financial Media segment consists of 18 radio and 3 television broadcasting stations located in selected markets
in the Southeastern and Western United States and also produces and distributes syndicated collegiate basketball and football
sports programming. Operations of this segment were acquired in the April 2006 merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Therefore, its
results are included in our consolidated results effective with the second quarter 2006.
For additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in section, see “Part I — Item 1 —
Risk Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements — Cautionary Language” above.
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenue
Communications revenue (net)(1)
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses
Income from operations before Federal income taxes
Federal income taxes
Income from operations
2006(2)
$
188
119
69
25
44
$
(1) Communications revenues are net of commissions of $26 million paid to agencies
(2) Reflects results since the closing of the Jefferson-Pilot merger on April 3, 2006
Communications revenues for the period since the Jefferson-Pilot merger in April 2006 increased 1% compared to the
period in 2005, as reported by Jefferson-Pilot prior to the merger. Income from operations for this segment was $44 million in
2006, and was negatively impacted by amortization expense discussed below.
Operating expenses and income from operations include amortization expenses of $6 million pre-tax for intangibles arising
from the application of purchase accounting related to the merger. Approximately half of the amortization in 2006 is related to an
intangible for advertising contracts that was fully amortized in the second quarter of 2006. The remaining intangible assets with
determinant useful lives are valued at $25 million at December 31, 2006 and are amortized over periods of 5 to 21 years. See Note
3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Profitability for Lincoln Financial Media is seasonal and is principally influenced by such factors as retail events, special and
sporting events and political advertising. Because our broadcasting businesses rely on advertising revenues, they are sensitive to
cyclical changes in both the general economy and in the economic strength of local markets. Advertising revenues from the
automotive industry for our stations totaled 21% of their broadcasting revenues in the nine month period since the merger. If
automotive advertising is curtailed, it could have a significant negative impact on broadcasting revenues. In the nine months since
the merger, 7% of television revenues came from a network agreement with our CBS-affiliated stations that expires in 2011. The
trend in the industry is away from networks compensating affiliates for carrying their programming and there is a possibility those
revenues will be eliminated when the contract is renewed. Many different businesses compete for available advertising sales in our
83
markets, including newspapers, magazines, billboards and other radio and television broadcasters. Technological media changes,
such as satellite radio and the internet, and consolidation in the broadcast and advertising industries, may increase competition for
audiences and advertisers.
RESULTS OF OTHER OPERATIONS
Other Operations includes investments related to the excess capital in our insurance subsidiaries, other corporate
investments, benefit plan net assets, and the unamortized deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the sales
transaction for our former reinsurance segment, which was sold to Swiss Re Life & Health America Inc. (“Swiss Re”) in 2001.
Income (loss) from operations for Other Operations includes earnings on invested excess capital and other investments,
amortization of the deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with Swiss Re, interest expense on
corporate debt, interest credited on corporate reinsurance and expenses that are corporate in nature such as merger-related
expenses, restructuring costs, branding, charitable contributions, certain litigation reserves and other expenses not allocated to our
business segments. Other Operations also includes the eliminations of intercompany transactions and the inter-segment
elimination of the investment advisory fees for asset management services the Investment Management segment provides to
Individual Markets and Employer Markets.
For factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in this section, see “Part I—Item 1—Risk
Factors” and “Forward-looking Statements—Cautionary Language” above.
Operating Summary (in millions)
Operating Revenues
Premiums
Net investment income
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance
Other revenue and fees
Inter-segment elimination of investment advisory fees
Total operating revenues
Operating Expenses
Insurance benefits
Interest credited to contractholder funds
Insurance and other expenses
Interest and debt expense
Inter-segment elimination of investment advisory fees
Total operating expenses
Income (loss) from operations before taxes
Federal income taxes
Income (loss) from operations
2006
2005
2004
$ 5
224
75
(11)
(97)
196
$ 1
203
76
(6)
(99)
175
$ 2
164
87
(38)
(106)
109
17
144
61
217
(97)
342
(146)
(70)
$ (76)
-
133
65
87
(99)
186
(11)
(65)
$ 54
-
104
48
94
(106)
140
(31)
(24)
$ (7)
Increase (Decrease)
Over Prior Year
2005
2006
NM
10%
-1%
-83%
2%
12%
NM
8%
-6%
149%
2%
84%
NM
-8%
NM
-50%
24%
-13%
84%
7%
61%
NM
28%
35%
-7%
7%
33%
65%
NM
NM
Comparison of 2006 to 2005
Revenues
Net investment income increased 10% in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase in net income in 2006 is due to the addition
of Jefferson-Pilot companies. We utilize an internal formula to determine the amount of capital that is allocated to our business
segments. Investment income on capital in excess of the calculated amounts is reported in Other Operations. Other Operations is
impacted by the statutory surplus needs of our insurance segments and merger-related expenses. If regulations require increases in
our insurance segments’ statutory reserves and surplus the Other Operations segment investment income will be negatively
impacted.
During the third quarter of 2006, we harmonized our policy for accounting and reporting for investment defaults by
discontinuing the historical practice followed by Jefferson-Pilot of business segments reimbursing Other Operations for actual
default experience through an intra-company charge referred to as the default charge. Income from operations in 2006 includes
84
$12 million ($8 million after-tax) of default charges recorded before the methodology was harmonized. This change did not have
an effect on consolidated income from operations. Net investment income in 2005 included higher investment income on
investment partnerships and $26 million pre-tax of fees from standby real estate equity commitments.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased 84% in 2006 compared to 2005. Insurance and other expense in 2006 decreased 6% in 2006
compared to 2005 due to $26 million of recoveries from insurers related to U.K. mis-selling losses. Additionally, operating
expenses in 2006 include $19 million related to the merger with Jefferson-Pilot for related integration costs, including restructuring
charges. In 2005, we had restructuring charges of $29 million, which related to our 2005 restructuring activities in our retail
distribution unit and the 2003 restructuring plan related to the realignment of our business units. See Note 15 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements for additional information. These decreases were partially offset by increases attributable to the merger with
the Jefferson-Pilot companies.
Interest credited to contractholder funds increased 8% in 2006 compared to 2005 with the increase primarily attributable to
the merger with Jefferson-Pilot companies on business in run-off. The majority of the interest credited to policyholders relates to
our reinsurance operations sold to Swiss Re in 2001. A substantial amount of the business was sold through indemnity reinsurance
transactions resulting in some of the business still flowing through our financial statements. The interested credited corresponds to
investment income earnings on the assets we continue to hold for this business. There is no impact to the income or loss in Other
Operations or to our consolidated income.
Interest on debt in 2006 increased 149% compared to 2005. Corporate borrowings increased $2.7 billion, including
approximately $2.1 billion used to finance the $1.8 billion cash portion of the Jefferson-Pilot merger consideration and the $1.0
billion stock repurchase. The increase also includes $0.9 billion for the fair value of Jefferson-Pilot corporate debt. For additional
information on our financing activities, see “Review of Consolidated Financial Condition—Liquidity and Cash Flow—Sources of
Liquidity and Cash Flow—Financing Activities.”
Federal Income Tax Benefit
In 2006, Federal income tax benefit line included $19 million in favorable tax items attributable to tax preference items. The
Federal income tax benefit in 2005 included $47 million related to the release of a deferred tax allowance in our Barbados insurance
company. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion.
Comparison of 2005 to 2004
Revenues
Net investment income increased 24% in 2005 compared to 2004. Net investment income in 2005 includes higher
investment income on investment partnerships and $26 million pre-tax of fees from standby real estate equity commitments.
Income from the amortization of the deferred gain was 13% lower in 2005 compared to 2004, resulting from a positive third
quarter 2004 adjustment to the deferred gain on the reinsurance business sold in 2001.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased 33% in 2005 compared to 2004. In 2005, we had restructuring charges of $29 million which
related to our 2005 restructuring activities in our retail distribution unit and the 2003 restructuring plan related to the realignment
of our business units. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Interest credited to contractholder funds increased 28% in 2005 compared to 2004 with the increase primarily attributable to
growth in the assets with a corresponding increase in investment income on the assets supporting the business sold to Swiss Re on
an indemnity reinsurance basis in 2001.
Interest on debt in 2005 declined 7% compared to 2004 due to the maturity in May 2005 of 7.25% senior notes for $193
million, partially offset by increased rates on floating rate debt and higher commercial paper borrowings. The favorable effects of
the 2004 refinancing of certain fixed rate debt at lower rates also contributed to the improvement. For additional information on
our financing activities, see “Review of Consolidated Financial Condition—Liquidity and Cash Flow—Sources of Liquidity and
Cash Flow—Financing Activities.”
85
Federal Income Tax Benefit
Included in income from operations in 2005 and 2004 are reductions in Federal income tax expense of $47 million and $4
million, respectively, related to partial release of a deferred tax allowance in our Barbados reinsurance company. See Note 5 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion.
The following table presents consolidated invested assets, net investment income and investment yield.
CONSOLIDATED INVESTMENTS
(in millions)
Total consolidated investments (at fair value)
Average invested assets at amortized cost (1)
2006
71,488
$
2005
43,169
$
2004
44,507
$
64,099
43,933
43,216
Net investment income
Investment yield (ratio of net investment
income to average invested assets)
$
3,981
$
2,702
$
2,704
6.21%
6.17%
6.27%
Items included in net investment income:
Limited partnership investment income
Prepayment and makewhole premiums
Contingent interest
Standby real estate equity commitments(2)
$
37
70
-
$
48
33
-
$
37
77
22
8
26
-
Increase/(Decrease)
2006
2005
66%
46%
47%
4 bp
-23%
112%
0%
-69%
-3%
2%
0%
(10) bp
30%
-57%
-100%
NM
(1)
(2)
Based on the average of invested asset balances at the beginning and ending of each quarter within the year.
Represents income earned during the fourth quarter of 2006 and the second quarter of 2005 that was in excess of ordinary
income amounts.
Investment Objective: Invested assets are an integral part of our operations. We follow a balanced approach to investing
for both current income and prudent risk management, with an emphasis on generating sufficient current income to meet our
obligations. This approach requires the evaluation of risk and expected return of each asset class utilized, while still meeting our
income objectives. This approach is important to our asset-liability management, since decisions can be made based upon both the
economic and current investment income considerations affecting assets and liabilities.
Investment Portfolio Composition and Diversification: Fundamental to our investment policy is diversification across
asset classes. Our investment portfolio, excluding cash and invested cash, is composed of fixed maturity securities, mortgage loans
on real estate, real estate either wholly owned or in joint ventures and other long-term investments. We purchase investments for
our segmented portfolios that have yield, duration and other characteristics that take into account the liabilities of the products
being supported. The dominant investments held are fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, which represent approximately
78.1% of the investment portfolio. Trading securities, which are primarily fixed maturity securities, represent approximately 4.2%
of the investment portfolio.
We have the ability to maintain our investment holdings throughout credit cycles because of our capital position, the long-
term nature of our liabilities and the matching of our portfolios of investment assets with the liabilities of our various products.
The total investment portfolio increased $28.3 billion in 2006 after decreasing $1.3 billion in 2005. The increase in 2006 was
primarily the result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, which added $27.9 billion of investment assets, and purchases of investments as a
result of cash flow generated by our business segments. The increase was partially offset by a decline in the fair value of securities
available-for-sale. The decrease in 2005 resulted from a decline in the fair value of securities available-for-sale and trading
securities, partially offset by purchases of investments as a result of cash flow generated by the businesses.
86
The quality of our available-for-sale fixed maturity securities portfolio, as measured at fair value and by the percentage of
fixed maturity securities invested in various ratings categories, relative to the entire available-for-sale fixed maturity security
portfolio, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 was as follows:
(in millions)
NAIC Designation
1
2
3
4
5
6
Rating Agency Equivalent
Designation
AAA / AA / A
BBB
BB
B
CCC and lower
In or near default
$
Amortized
Cost
32,838
18,565
2,207
1,148
185
17
54,960
$
2006
Estimated
Fair Value
33,347
$
18,809
2,273
1,203
198
23
55,853
$
% of
Total
59.7%
33.7%
4.1%
2.1%
0.4%
0.0%
100.0%
$
Amortized
Cost
19,696
10,237
1,492
747
166
46
32,384
$
2005
Estimated
Fair Value
20,361
$
10,578
1,505
760
162
77
33,443
$
% of
Total
60.9%
31.6%
4.5%
2.3%
0.5%
0.2%
100.0%
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) assigns securities quality ratings and uniform valuations
called “NAIC Designations” which are used by insurers when preparing their annual statements. The NAIC assigns designations
to publicly traded as well as privately placed securities. The designations assigned by the NAIC range from class 1 to class 6, with
designations in classes 1 and 2 generally considered investment grade.
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale invested in below investment grade securities (NAIC designations 3 thru 6) were
$3.7 billion, or 6.6% and $2.5 billion, or 7.5%, of all fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. This represents 5.2% of the total investment portfolio at December 31, 2006 compared to 5.8% at December 31,
2005. On an amortized cost basis, below investment grade securities represented 6.5% of available-for-sale fixed maturity
securities at December 31, 2006 compared to 7.6% at December 31, 2005.
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Portfolios: Fixed maturity securities and equity securities consist of portfolios
classified as available-for-sale and trading. Mortgage-backed and private securities are included in both available-for-sale and
trading portfolios.
Available-for-Sale: Securities that are classified as available-for-sale are carried at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets
and make up 95% of our fixed maturity and equity securities portfolio.
Because the general intent of the “available-for-sale” accounting rules is to reflect shareholders’ equity as if unrealized gains
and losses were actually recognized, it is necessary that we consider all related accounting adjustments that would occur upon such
a hypothetical recognition of unrealized gains and losses. Such related balance sheet effects include adjustments to the balances of
DAC, policyholder commitments and deferred income taxes. Adjustments to each of these balances are charged or credited to
accumulated other comprehensive income. For instance, DAC is adjusted upon the recognition of unrealized gains or losses since
the amortization of DAC is based upon an assumed emergence of gross profits on certain insurance business. In a similar manner,
adjustments to the balances of policyholder reserves or commitments are made because we either have a contractual obligation or
have a consistent historical practice of making allocations of investment gains or losses to certain policyholders. Deferred income
tax balances are also adjusted, since unrealized gains or losses do not affect actual taxes currently paid. See Note 4 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the gross unrealized gains and losses as of December 31, 2006
and 2005.
The fair value for all private securities was $7,051 million at December 31, 2006 compared to $4,270 million at December 31,
2005, representing approximately 10% of total invested assets, at the end of each period.
Trading Securities: Trading securities, which support certain funds withheld and modified coinsurance arrangements
(“Modco”), are carried at fair value and changes in fair value are recorded in net income as they occur. Investment results for these
portfolios, including gains and losses from sales, are passed directly to the reinsurers through the contractual terms of the
reinsurance arrangements. Offsetting these amounts are corresponding changes in the fair value of the embedded derivative
liability associated with the underlying reinsurance arrangement. See Notes 1 and 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for
more information regarding our accounting for Modco.
Mortgage-Backed Securities: Our fixed maturity securities include mortgage-backed securities. These securities are subject to
risks associated with variable prepayments. This may result in differences between the actual cash flow and maturity of these
87
securities than that expected at the time of purchase. Securities that have an amortized cost greater than par and are backed by
mortgages that prepay faster than expected will incur a reduction in yield or a loss. Those securities with an amortized cost lower
than par that prepay faster than expected will generate an increase in yield or a gain. In addition, we may incur reinvestment risks if
market yields are lower than the book yields earned on the securities. Prepayments occurring slower than expected have the
opposite impact. We may incur disinvestment risks if market yields are higher than the book yields earned on the securities and we
are forced to sell the securities. The degree to which a security is susceptible to either gains or losses is influenced by 1) the
difference between its amortized cost and par, 2) the relative sensitivity of the underlying mortgages backing the assets to
prepayment in a changing interest rate environment and 3) the repayment priority of the securities in the overall securitization
structure.
We limit the extent of our risk on mortgage-backed securities by prudently limiting exposure to the asset class, by generally
avoiding the purchase of securities with a cost that significantly exceeds par, by purchasing securities backed by stable collateral,
and by concentrating on securities with enhanced priority in their trust structure. Such securities with reduced risk typically have a
lower yield (but higher liquidity) than higher-risk mortgage-backed securities. At selected times, higher-risk securities may be
purchased if they do not compromise the safety of the general portfolio. At December 31, 2006, we did not have a significant
amount of higher-risk mortgage-backed securities. There are negligible default risks in the mortgage-backed securities portfolio as
a whole as the vast majority of the assets are either guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises or are supported in the
securitization structure by junior securities enabling the assets to achieve high investment grade status. See Note 4 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail about the underlying collateral.
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate: The following summarizes key information on mortgage loans:
(in millions)
Total portfolio (net of reserves)
Percentage of total investment portfolio
Percentage of investment by property type
Commercial office buildings
Retail stores
Industrial buildings
Apartments
Hotels/motels
Other
Impaired mortgage loans
Impaired mortgage loans as a percentage of total mortgage loans
Restructured loans in good standing
Reserve for mortgage loans
$
2006
7,384
10.3%
$
2005
3,663
8.5%
33.6%
24.7%
22.0%
11.1%
6.4%
2.2%
40.9%
19.2%
18.9%
11.5%
6.4%
3.1%
$
29
0.4%
$
59
$
2
$
66
1.8%
45
$
$
9
In addition to the dispersion by property type, the mortgage loan portfolio is geographically diversified throughout the
United States. However, mortgage loans on real estate in California and Texas accounted for approximately 27% of the total
carrying value of mortgage loans at December 31, 2006.
All mortgage loans that are impaired have an established allowance for credit loss. Changing economic conditions impact
our valuation of mortgage loans. Changing vacancies and rents are incorporated into the discounted cash flow analysis that we
perform for monitored loans and may contribute to the establishment of (or an increase or decrease in) an allowance for credit
losses. In addition, we continue to monitor the entire commercial mortgage loan portfolio to identify risk. Areas of current
emphasis are the hotel, retail, office and industrial properties that have deteriorating credits or have experienced debt coverage
reduction. Where warranted, we have established or increased loss reserves based upon this analysis. Impaired mortgage loans
were 0.4% and 1.8% of total mortgage loans as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 we had
two commercial mortgage loans that were two or more payments delinquent. The total principal and interest due on these loans as
of December 31, 2006 was less than $1 million. As of December 31, 2005, all commercial mortgage loans were current as to
principal and interest payments. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail regarding impaired
mortgage loans.
Limited Partnership Investments: As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, our consolidated investments included
investments in limited partnership of $529 million and $312 million, respectively. These include investments in approximately 71
different partnerships that allow us to gain exposure to a broadly diversified portfolio of asset classes such as venture capital, hedge
88
funds, and oil and gas. The partnerships do not represent off-balance sheet financing and generally involve several third-party
partners. Select partnerships contain “capital calls” which require us to contribute capital upon notification by the general partner.
These capital calls are contemplated during the initial investment decision and are planned for well in advance of the call date. The
capital calls are not material in size and pose no threat to our liquidity. The capital calls are included on the table of contingent
commitments in “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.” Limited partnership
investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and the majority of these investments are included in other
investments in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Net Investment Income: Net investment income increased in 2006 compared to 2005. Excluding commercial mortgage
loan prepayment, bond makewhole premiums and fees received from the standby real estate equity commitments financing
program, the increase in net investment income primarily reflects higher portfolio yields and higher invested assets due to the April
2006 Jefferson-Pilot merger, which added $27.9 billion in invested assets, and the favorable effect of asset growth from net flows.
Net investment income was essentially unchanged in 2005 when compared to 2004. Excluding contingent interest, commercial
mortgage loan prepayment and bond makewhole premiums and fees received from the standby real estate equity commitments
financing program, the favorable effect of asset growth from net flows was substantially offset by declining portfolio yields. The
decline in yields was due to lower interest rates on new securities purchased to replace matured securities and new securities
purchased from net product deposits into the portfolio.
As of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the carrying amount of fixed maturity securities, mortgage loans on real
estate and real estate that were non-income producing was $40 million and $67 million, respectively.
The following discussion addresses our invested assets excluding trading account securities. As discussed above, investment
results attributable to the trading securities are passed to the reinsurers under the terms of the reinsurance arrangements.
Realized Gains and Losses on Investments and Derivative Instruments: We had net pre-tax realized losses on
investments and derivatives of $7 million, $22 million and $57 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Prior to the
amortization of DAC, provision for policyholder commitments and investment expenses, pre-tax realized gains were $37 million,
$38 million and $2 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Amortization expense of DAC and VOBA reflects an assumption
for an expected level of credit-related investment losses. When actual credit-related investment losses are realized, we recognize a
true-up to our DAC and VOBA amortization within realized gains and losses reflecting the incremental impact of actual versus
expected credit-related investment losses. These actual to expected amortization adjustments can create volatility in net realized
gains and losses.
The gross realized gains on fixed maturity and equity securities were $145 million, $123 million and $136 million, in 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively. Gross realized losses on fixed maturity and equity securities were $116 million, $94 million and $123
million, respectively. Included in losses for fixed maturities and equity securities are write-downs for impairments of $64 million,
$20 million and $68 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Gains and losses generated came from asset sales to reposition the portfolio or respond to product experience. Though high
energy costs and inflation were prevalent concerns throughout the year, they were offset by low unemployment, strong consumer
consumption, near low historical default rates and improved corporate earnings.
We consider economic factors and circumstances within countries and industries where recent write-downs have occurred in
our assessment of the status of securities we own of similarly situated issuers. While it is possible for realized or unrealized losses
on a particular investment to affect other investments, our risk management has been designed to identify correlation risks and
other risks inherent in managing an investment portfolio. Once identified, strategies and procedures are developed to effectively
monitor and manage these risks. The areas of risk correlation that we pay particular attention to are risks that may be correlated
within specific financial and business markets, risks within specific industries and risks associated with related parties.
Unrealized Gains and Losses—Available-for-Sale Securities: When considering unrealized gain and loss information, it
is important to realize that the information relates to the status of securities at a particular point in time, and may not be indicative
of the status of our investment portfolios subsequent to the balance sheet date. Further, since the timing of the recognition of
realized investment gains and losses through the selection of which securities are sold is largely at management’s discretion, it is
important to consider the information provided below within the context of the overall unrealized gain or loss position of our
investment portfolios. These are important considerations that should be included in any evaluation of the potential impact of
unrealized loss securities on our future earnings. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, gross unrealized gains on securities available-
for-sale were $1,286 million and $1,380 million, respectively, and gross unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale were $373
million and $313 million, respectively. At December 31, 2006, gross unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturity securities
available-for-sale were $1,264 million and $371 million, and gross unrealized gains and losses on equity securities available-for-sale
89
were $22 million and $2 million. At December 31, 2005, gross unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturity securities available-
for-sale were $1,371 million and $312 million, and gross unrealized gains and losses on equity securities available-for-sale were $9
million and $1 million. Changes in unrealized gains and losses can be attributed to changes in interest rates and credit spreads,
which have created temporary price fluctuations.
When the detailed analysis by our credit analysts and investment portfolio managers leads to the conclusion that a security’s
decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, the security is written down to fair value. In instances where declines are considered
temporary, the security will continue to be carefully monitored. See “Critical Accounting Policies—Investments—Write-downs for
Other-than-temporary Impairments and Allowance for Losses” for additional information.
For publicly-traded and private securities that we held at December 31, 2006 and 2005 that were subject to enhanced analysis
and monitoring for potential changes in unrealized loss status, the fair value, amortized cost, unrealized loss and total time period
that the security has been in an unrealized loss position are presented in the table below:
(in millions)
2006
≤ 90 days
> 90 days but ≤ 180 days
> 180 days but ≤ 270 days
> 270 days but ≤ 1 year
> 1 year
Total
(in millions)
2005
≤ 90 days
> 90 days but ≤ 180 days
> 180 days but ≤ 270 days
> 270 days but ≤ 1 year
> 1 year
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized % Amortized
Unrealized % Unrealized
Cost
Cost
Loss
1
$
-
2
-
13
16
$
6.2%
0.0%
12.5%
0.0%
81.3%
100.0%
1
$
-
2
-
13
16
$
6.2%
0.0%
12.5%
0.0%
81.3%
100.0%
-
$
-
-
-
-
$
-
Loss
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
NM
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized % Amortized
Unrealized % Unrealized
Cost
Cost
Loss
Loss
1
$
8
-
-
30
39
$
2.6%
20.5%
0.0%
0.0%
76.9%
100.0%
1
$
8
-
-
35
44
$
2.3%
18.2%
0.0%
0.0%
79.5%
100.0%
-
$
-
-
-
(5)
(5)
$
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
100.0%
For total publicly traded and private securities that we held at December 31, 2006 and 2005 that were in an unrealized loss
position, the fair value, amortized cost, unrealized loss and total time period that the security has been in an unrealized loss
position are presented in the table below:
(in millions)
2006
< or = 90 days
> 90 days but < 180 days
> 180 days but < 270 days
> 270 days but < 1 year
> 1 year
Total
(in millions)
2005
< or = 90 days
> 90 days but < 180 days
> 180 days but < 270 days
> 270 days but < 1 year
> 1 year
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
$
$
$
$
$
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
$
$
7,298
458
1,594
1,941
7,569
18,860
3,062
5,339
388
836
1,787
11,412
38.7%
2.4%
8.5%
10.3%
40.1%
100.0%
26.8%
46.8%
3.4%
7.3%
15.7%
100.0%
(54)
(13)
(29)
(43)
(234)
(373)
(34)
(107)
(10)
(34)
(128)
(313)
14.5%
3.5%
7.8%
11.5%
62.7%
100.0%
10.8%
34.2%
3.2%
10.9%
40.9%
100.0%
7,244
445
1,565
1,898
7,335
18,487
3,028
5,232
378
802
1,659
11,099
$
$
$
39.2%
2.4%
8.4%
10.3%
39.7%
100.0%
27.3%
47.1%
3.4%
7.2%
15.0%
100.0%
90
We have no concentrations of issuers or guarantors of fixed maturity and equity securities. The composition by industry
categories of securities subject to enhanced analysis and monitoring for potential changes in unrealized loss status, that we held at
December 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented in the table below:
(in millions)
2006
Automotive
Commercial mortgage backed
securities ("CMBS")
Total
2005
Airlines
Asset-backed securities ("ABS")
Non-captive consumer
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized % Amortized
Cost
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
15
93.7%
$
15
93.7%
$
-
1
16
$
6.3%
100.0%
1
16
$
6.3%
100.0%
-
$
-
$
$
$
28
10
1
39
71.8%
25.6%
2.6%
100.0%
32
11
1
44
72.7%
25.0%
2.3%
100.0%
$
$
$
(4)
(1)
-
(5)
NM
NM
NM
NM
80.0%
20.0%
0.0%
100.0%
In December 2006, we invested $400 million in a secured limited recourse note issued by a third-party segregated portfolio
company. The segregated portfolio entered into a credit default swap with a third party providing credit protection in exchange for
a fee. Defaults in the underlying reference portfolio will only affect the note if cumulative losses of a synthetic reference portfolio
exceed the loss attachment point on the portfolio. We have determined we are not the primary beneficiary, as we do not hold the
majority of the risk of loss. Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with this entity is our recorded
investment of $400 million as of December 31, 2006.
91
The composition by industry categories of all securities in unrealized loss status, which we held at December 31, 2006 and
2005 are presented in the table below:
(in millions)
2006
Collateralized mortgage
obligations ("CMO")
Banking
Electric
CMBS
Automotive
Food and Beverage
ABS
Media Non-cable
Retailers
Paper
Property & Casualty
insurers ("P&C")
Pipelines
Distributors
Government Sponsored
Chemicals
Entertainment
Wirelines
Oil Field Services
Sovereigns
Gaming
Transportation Services
Metals and Mining
Real Estate Investment Trusts
("REITS")
Consumer Products
Industrial Other
Technology
Integrated
Financial Other
Wireless
Building Materials
Healthcare
Independent
Conventional 30yr
Brokerage
Owned No Guarantee
Pharmaceuticals
Local Authorities
Packaging
Home Construction
Diversified Manufacturing
Non Captive Diversified
Non Captive Consumer
Consumer Cyclical Services
Non Agency
Lodging
Railroads
Municipal
Restaurants
Textile
Industries with U/R Losses < $1MM
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
2,692
14.6%
$
2,738
14.5%
$
(46)
9.0%
7.6%
6.1%
1.4%
3.9%
4.6%
2.5%
1.7%
1.3%
2.8%
2.6%
1.8%
2.4%
1.0%
1.7%
1.3%
2.9%
1.4%
0.7%
1.3%
1.7%
1.6%
1.1%
1.4%
0.9%
0.9%
1.0%
0.6%
1.6%
1.1%
1.4%
1.2%
1.0%
0.6%
0.5%
0.3%
0.6%
0.5%
1.2%
0.7%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
3.8%
100.0%
(41)
(24)
(19)
(15)
(13)
(13)
(11)
(10)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(8)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(373)
$
1,657
1,408
1,137
252
727
851
463
307
243
518
480
331
446
177
306
229
550
249
118
249
322
288
202
256
169
173
177
103
303
210
261
216
194
118
92
61
107
92
216
132
173
64
64
114
105
95
66
23
701
18,487
$
9.0%
7.6%
6.2%
1.4%
3.9%
4.6%
2.5%
1.7%
1.3%
2.8%
2.7%
1.8%
2.4%
1.0%
1.7%
1.2%
3.0%
1.3%
0.6%
1.3%
1.7%
1.6%
1.1%
1.4%
0.9%
0.9%
1.0%
0.6%
1.6%
1.1%
1.4%
1.2%
1.0%
0.6%
0.5%
0.3%
0.6%
0.5%
1.2%
0.7%
0.9%
0.3%
0.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
3.8%
100.0%
1,698
1,432
1,156
267
740
864
474
317
252
527
489
339
453
184
313
236
556
255
124
254
327
293
207
261
174
177
181
107
307
214
265
219
197
121
95
64
109
94
218
134
175
66
66
116
107
97
67
24
710
18,860
$
92
12.3%
11.0%
6.4%
5.1%
4.0%
3.5%
3.5%
3.0%
2.7%
2.4%
2.4%
2.4%
2.1%
1.9%
1.9%
1.9%
1.9%
1.6%
1.6%
1.6%
1.4%
1.4%
1.4%
1.4%
1.3%
1.3%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
0.8%
0.8%
0.8%
0.8%
0.8%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
2.4%
100.0%
(in millions)
2005
Automotive
Collateralized mortgage
obligations ("CMO")
Banking
CMBS
Media Non-cable
Paper
Electric
ABS
Chemicals
Retailers
Food and Beverage
Property & Casualty
insurers ("P&C")
Wirelines
Airlines
Gaming
Metals and Mining
Sovereigns
Media Cable
Real Estate Investment Trusts
("REITS")
Federal Home Loan Mtg Corp.
Consumer Products
Distributors
Conventional 30yr
Pipelines
Building Materials
Technology
Entertainment
Transportation Services
Industrial Other
Non Captive Diversified
Home Construction
Diversified Manufacturing
Brokerage
Foreign Local Governments
Mortgage
Supermarkets
Federal National Mtg Assc
Textile
Integrated
Municipal
Packaging
Financial Other
Captive
Non Captive Consumer
Consumer Cyclical Services
Tobacco
Oil Field Services
Industries with U/R Losses < $1MM
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
177
1.6%
$
222
2.0%
$
(45)
1,826
990
997
200
225
659
826
147
187
237
382
237
85
109
256
195
58
171
201
78
151
191
119
118
125
167
112
142
116
73
79
78
15
74
54
115
35
76
82
37
116
3
118
69
22
106
463
11,099
$
16.5%
8.9%
9.0%
1.8%
2.0%
5.9%
7.5%
1.3%
1.7%
2.1%
3.5%
2.1%
0.8%
1.0%
2.3%
1.8%
0.5%
1.5%
1.8%
0.7%
1.4%
1.7%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
1.5%
1.0%
1.3%
1.0%
0.7%
0.7%
0.7%
0.1%
0.7%
0.5%
1.0%
0.3%
0.7%
0.7%
0.3%
1.0%
0.0%
1.1%
0.6%
0.2%
1.0%
4.2%
100.0%
1,861
1,014
1,018
216
241
674
840
156
195
242
388
242
90
114
260
199
62
174
204
81
154
194
122
121
128
169
114
145
119
76
81
80
17
76
56
117
37
78
84
38
118
5
119
70
23
107
471
11,412
$
16.3%
8.9%
8.9%
1.9%
2.1%
5.9%
7.4%
1.4%
1.7%
2.1%
3.4%
2.1%
0.8%
1.0%
2.3%
1.7%
0.5%
1.5%
1.8%
0.7%
1.4%
1.7%
1.1%
1.1%
1.1%
1.5%
1.0%
1.3%
1.0%
0.7%
0.7%
0.7%
0.1%
0.7%
0.5%
1.0%
0.3%
0.7%
0.7%
0.3%
1.0%
0.0%
1.0%
0.6%
0.2%
0.9%
4.3%
100.0%
(35)
(24)
(21)
(16)
(16)
(15)
(14)
(9)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(313)
$
14.4%
11.2%
7.7%
6.7%
5.1%
5.1%
4.8%
4.5%
2.9%
2.6%
1.6%
1.9%
1.6%
1.6%
1.6%
1.3%
1.3%
1.2%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
0.6%
0.6%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
0.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
2.7%
100.0%
Unrealized Loss on All Below-Investment-Grade Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities: Gross unrealized
losses on all available-for-sale below-investment-grade securities were $35 million at December 31, 2006, representing 9.5% of total
gross unrealized losses on all available-for-sale securities. Generally, below-investment-grade fixed maturity securities are more
likely than investment-grade securities to develop credit concerns. The remaining $338 million or 90.5% of the gross unrealized
losses relate to investment grade available-for-sale securities. The ratios of fair value to amortized cost reflected in the table below
are not necessarily indicative of the market value to amortized cost relationships for the securities throughout the entire time that
the securities have been in an unrealized loss position nor are they necessarily indicative of these ratios subsequent to December
31, 2006.
93
For fixed maturity securities that we held at December 31, 2006 and 2005 that are below investment grade and in an
unrealized loss position, the fair value, amortized cost, unrealized loss and the ratios of market value to amortized cost are
presented in the table below.
Ratio of Amortized Cost
to Fair Value
Fair Value
Amortized Cost Unrealized Loss
$
$
$
Aging Category (in millions)
2006
<=90 days
<=90 days Total
>90 days but <=180 days
>90 days but <=180 days Total
>180 days but <=270 days
>180 days but <=270 days Total
>270 days but <=1 year
>270 days but <=1 year Total
>1 year
Aging Category (in millions)
2005
<=90 days
<=90 days Total
>90 days but <=180 days
>90 days but <=180 days Total
>180 days but <=270 days
>180 days but <=270 days Total
>270 days but <=1 year
>270 days but <=1 year Total
>1 year
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
70% to 100%
40% to 70%
Below 40%
221
-
-
221
85
-
-
85
143
-
-
143
93
-
-
93
256
-
-
256
798
214
3
-
217
94
2
-
96
49
-
-
49
136
-
-
136
307
15
4
326
824
225
-
-
225
89
-
-
89
148
-
-
148
95
-
-
95
276
-
-
276
833
219
5
-
224
99
3
-
102
50
-
-
50
150
-
-
150
349
26
15
390
916
(4)
-
-
(4)
(4)
-
-
(4)
(5)
-
-
(5)
(2)
-
-
(2)
(20)
-
-
(20)
(35)
(5)
(2)
-
(7)
(5)
(1)
-
(6)
(1)
-
-
(1)
(14)
-
-
(14)
(42)
(11)
(11)
(64)
(92)
>1 year Total
Total Below-Investment-Grade
$
$
$
Ratio of Amortized Cost
to Fair Value
Fair Value
Amortized Cost Unrealized Loss
$
$
$
>1 year Total
Total Below-Investment-Grade
$
$
$
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, 7.4% and less than 0.5%, respectively, of the publicly traded and private securities held that
were subject to enhanced analysis and monitoring for potential changes in unrealized loss status were rated as investment grade. At
December 31, 2006, the range of maturity dates for these securities varies, with 7.4% of these securities maturing in greater than 10
years and 92.6% maturing in one year or less. At December 31, 2005, the range of maturity dates for these securities varies, with
36.9% maturing between 5 and 10 years, 47.7% maturing after 10 years and the remaining securities maturing in less than 5 years.
94
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, 95.7% and 92.6%, respectively, of total publicly traded and private securities in unrealized loss
status were rated as investment grade. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for ratings and maturity date
information for our fixed maturity investment portfolio.
As of December 31, 2006, gross unrealized losses totaled $373 million compared to $313 million at December 31, 2005. We
expect an ultimate recovery of full principal and interest of our securities with unrealized losses.
In 2005, the automotive sector represented 14.3% of our gross unrealized losses. At December 31, 2006, these gross
unrealized losses were insignificant. The Big 3 auto manufacturers have experienced continued pressure throughout 2005 and 2006
from overseas manufacturers. Pension issues, declining market share and higher commodity pricing all contributed to spread
widening in the sector. Our automotive holdings are made up of both coupon-bearing and zero-coupon instruments. Market
prices on zero-coupon bonds are more sensitive to spread changes than coupon-bearing bonds.
Unrealized Loss on Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-Sale in Excess of $10 million: At December 31, 2006, we
had no investment grade or non-investment grade available-for-sale fixed maturity securities with unrealized losses in excess of $10
million.
The information presented above is subject to rapidly changing conditions. As such, we expect that the level of securities
with overall unrealized losses will fluctuate, as will the level of unrealized loss securities that are subject to enhanced analysis and
monitoring. The volatility of financial market conditions results in increased recognition of both investment gains and losses, as
portfolio risks are adjusted through sales and purchases. As discussed below, this is consistent with our classification of our
investment portfolios as available-for-sale.
During 2006 and 2005, we sold securities for gains and losses. As discussed earlier, in the process of evaluating whether a
security with an unrealized loss reflects declines that are other-than-temporary, we consider our ability and intent to hold the
security until its value recovers. However, subsequent decisions on securities sales are made within the context of overall risk
monitoring, assessing value relative to other comparable securities and overall portfolio maintenance. During 2006, this included
evaluating the portfolio subsequent to the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. Although our portfolio managers may, at a given point in
time, believe that the preferred course of action is to hold securities with unrealized losses that are considered temporary until such
losses are recovered, the dynamic nature of portfolio management may result in a subsequent decision to sell. These subsequent
decisions are consistent with the classification of our investment portfolio as available-for-sale. We expect to continue to manage
all non-trading invested assets within our portfolios in a manner that is consistent with the available-for-sale classification.
REINSURANCE
Our insurance companies cede insurance to other companies. The portion of risks exceeding each of our insurance
company’s retention limit is reinsured with other insurers. We seek reinsurance coverage within the businesses that sell life
insurance to limit our exposure to mortality losses and enhance our capital management. We reinsure using both coinsurance and
renewable term reinsurance. In a coinsurance program, the reinsurer shares proportionately in all financial terms of the reinsured
policies, i.e. premiums, expenses, claims, etc. based on their respective quota share of the risk. In a renewable term program, the
reinsurer is paid a renewable term premium to cover the proportionate share of mortality risk assumed by the reinsurer. In a first
dollar quota share program, the reinsurer receives a proportionate share of all risks issued based on their respective quota share of
the risk. In an excess of retention program, the reinsurer assumes a proportionate share of risks that exceed our per life retention.
As a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, we currently have two reinsurance programs – one for LNL and its insurance
subsidiaries, Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York and First Penn-Pacific Life Insurance Company (the “LNL
program”), and one for the Jefferson-Pilot insurance companies (the “JP program”). Under the LNL program, we reinsure
approximately 85% to 90% of the mortality risk on newly issued non-term life insurance contracts and approximately 45% to 50%
of total mortality risk including term insurance contracts. Our policy for this program is to retain no more than $5 million on a
single insured life issued on fixed and variable universal life insurance contracts. Additionally, the retention per single insured life
for term life insurance and for COLI is $1 million and $2 million, respectively.
Beginning in September 2005, we changed the LNL program for our primary term products from coinsurance to renewable
term and from 90% to 80% mortality risk on a first dollar quota share basis. In January 2006, we changed this program from 80%
first dollar quota share to an excess of retention program and our retention remained the same.
These changes have the effect of reducing premiums paid to reinsurers while increasing our exposure to mortality losses,
and could result in more volatility in results for our Individual Markets Life Insurance segment. With respect to annuities, we had
95
previously reinsured a portion of our fixed annuity business, but beginning in 2004, we have retained the full risk on newly issued
contracts.
The insurance subsidiaries participating in the JP program are JPFIC, JPLA and JP Life. For the JP program, our policy is to
reinsure risks in excess of retention, which ranges from less than $1 million to $2 million on a single insured life, depending on the
retention limit set for various individual products. We also attempt to reduce exposure to losses that may result from unfavorable
events or circumstances by reinsuring certain levels and types of accident and health insurance risks underwritten.
With the integration of the Lincoln and Jefferson-Pilot companies and their products, we completed a corporate-wide
evaluation of retention levels for new products concerning any one individual life and in the aggregate. This evaluation, to
maximize profitability while minimizing mortality risk, included the impact of changes in mortality retention balanced with the
impact of premiums paid to reinsurers for new business written starting in 2007.
Portions of our deferred annuity business have been reinsured on a modified coinsurance basis with other companies to limit
our exposure to interest rate risks. At December 31, 2006, the reserves associated with these reinsurance arrangements totaled $1.8
billion. To cover products other than life insurance, we acquire other insurance coverage with retentions and limits that
management believes are appropriate for the circumstances. The accompanying financial statements reflect premiums, benefits
and DAC, net of insurance ceded. Our insurance companies remain liable if their reinsurers are unable to meet contractual
obligations under applicable reinsurance agreements.
Our amounts recoverable from reinsurers represent receivables from and reserves ceded to reinsurers. At December 31,
2006 the amounts recoverable from reinsurers was $7.9 billion, compared to $6.9 billion at December 31, 2005. We obtain
reinsurance from a diverse group of reinsurers and we monitor concentration, as well as financial strength ratings of our principal
reinsurers. Swiss Re represents our largest exposure. In 2001, we sold our reinsurance business to Swiss Re primarily through
indemnity reinsurance arrangements. Because we are not relieved of our liability to the ceding companies for this business, the
liabilities and obligations associated with the reinsured contracts remain on our Consolidated Balance Sheets with a corresponding
reinsurance receivable from the business sold to Swiss Re, which totaled $4.1 billion at December 31, 2006 and December 31,
2005. Swiss Re has funded a trust with a balance of $1.9 billion at December 31, 2006 to support this business. In addition to
various remedies that we would have in the event of a default by Swiss Re, we continue to hold assets in support of certain of the
transferred reserves. These assets consist of those reported as trading securities and certain mortgage loans. Our liabilities for
funds withheld and embedded derivatives included $2.1 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2006 related to the
business sold to Swiss Re.
During the third quarter one of our reinsurers, Scottish Re Group Ltd (“Scottish Re”), received rating downgrades from
various rating agencies. Of the $1.2 billion of fixed annuity business that we reinsure with Scottish Re, approximately 78% is
reinsured through the use of modified coinsurance treaties, in which we possess the investments that support the reserves ceded to
Scottish Re. For our annuity business ceded on a coinsurance basis, Scottish Re had previously established an irrevocable
investment trust supporting the reserves for the benefit of LNC. In addition to fixed annuities, we have approximately $84 million
of policy liabilities on the life insurance business we have reinsured with Scottish Re. Scottish Re continues to perform under its
contractual responsibilities to us. We continue to evaluate the impact of these ratings downgrades with respect to our existing
exposures to Scottish Re as well as with respect to reinsuring any new business with Scottish Re. Based on current information, we
do not believe that Scottish Re’s ratings downgrades will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity or
financial condition.
At December 31, 2006, we had reinsurance receivables of $648 million and policy loans of $53 million which are related to
the businesses of Jefferson-Pilot that are coinsured with Household International (HI) affiliates. HI has provided payment,
performance and capital maintenance guarantees with respect to the balances receivable. We regularly evaluate the financial
condition of our reinsurers and monitor concentrations of credit risk related to reinsurance activities.
See “Part I—Item 1—Risk Factors – We face a risk or non-collectibility of reinsurance, which could materially affect our
results of operations” and “Forward-looking Statements—Cautionary Language” and Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements for further information regarding risks of reinsurance.
96
REVIEW OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity and Cash Flow
Liquidity refers to the ability of an enterprise to generate adequate amounts of cash from its normal operations to meet cash
requirements with a prudent margin of safety. Our principal sources of cash flow from operating activities are insurance premiums
and fees, investment advisory fees and investment income, while sources of cash flows from investing activities result from
maturities and sales of invested assets. Our operating activities provided cash of $3 billion, $1.2 billion, and $1 billion in 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively. When considering our liquidity and cash flow, it is important to distinguish between the needs of our
insurance subsidiaries and the needs of the holding company, LNC. As a holding company with no operations of its own, LNC
derives its cash primarily from its operating subsidiaries.
The liquidity resources of the holding company are principally comprised of dividends and interest payments from
subsidiaries augmented by holding company short-term investments, bank lines of credit, a commercial paper program, and the
ongoing availability of long-term public financing under an SEC filed shelf registration statement. These sources of liquidity and
cash flow support the general corporate needs of the holding company, including its common stock dividends, interest and debt
service, funding of callable securities, securities repurchases, and acquisitions.
The following table summarizes the primary sources of holding company cash flow. The table focuses on significant and
recurring cash flow items and excludes the effects of certain financing activities, namely the periodic issuance and retirement of
debt and cash flows related to our intercompany cash management account (discussed below). Taxes have been eliminated from
the analysis due to a tax sharing agreement among our primary subsidiaries resulting in a modest impact on net cash flows at the
holding company. Also excluded from this analysis is the modest amount of investment income on short-term investments of the
holding company. See “Part IV—Item 15(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules—Schedule II—LNC Parent Company Only
Statement of Cash Flows” in this Form 10-K for the parent company cash flow statement.
(in millions)
Dividends from subsidiaries:
LNL
Jefferson Pilot Life Insurance Company
Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company
Lincoln Financial Media
Delaware Investments
Other non-regulated companies(1)
Lincoln UK
Other
Subsidiary loan repayments and interest:
LNL interest on surplus notes (2)
Lincoln UK
Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company
Other cash flow and liquidity items:
Dividend of proceeds from sale of DIAL
Variable annuity contract withdrawal(3)
Return of seed capital
Net capital received from stock option exercises
2006
2005
2004
$
350
2
217
39
48
235
85
11
$
200
-
-
-
42
-
44
1
$
150
-
-
-
59
-
29
1
78
-
4
1,069
$
78
-
-
365
$
78
39
-
356
$
$
-
$
-
$
142
-
21
191
212
$
-
19
83
102
$
65
33
78
318
$
97
(1)
(2)
(3)
Represents dividend of proceeds from sale of equity securities used to repay borrowings under the bridge facility.
Represents interest on the holding company’s $1.25 billion in surplus note investments in LNL. Interest of $20 million for
the fourth quarter of 2006 was received on January 2, 2007.
Prior to 2004, we invested in a variable annuity contract with investment options similar to the investment options within
the unfunded deferred compensation plan. The purpose of this investment was to partially mitigate the earnings effects
created by changes in the value of our deferred compensation plan liability that resulted from changes in value of the
underlying investment options. In June 2004, we withdrew the variable annuity contract from LNL, which had a value of
$65.4 million, and entered into a total return swap agreement. The swap mitigates the impact that increases in the value of
the underlying investment tracking options would have on our cash flow when we make distributions to participants.
Subsidiaries
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain insurance department regulatory restrictions as to the transfer of funds and
payment of dividends to the holding company. Generally, these restrictions pose no short-term liquidity concerns for the holding
company. For example, under Indiana laws and regulations, our Indiana insurance subsidiaries, including one of our major
insurance subsidiaries, The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company (“LNL”), may pay dividends to LNC only from unassigned
surplus, without prior approval of the Indiana Insurance Commissioner (the “Commissioner”), or must receive prior approval of
the Commissioner to pay a dividend if such dividend, along with all other dividends paid within the preceding twelve consecutive
months, would exceed the statutory limitation. The current statutory limitation is the greater of (i) 10% of the insurer’s
policyholders’ surplus, as shown on its last annual statement on file with the Commissioner or (ii) the insurer’s statutory net gain
from operations for the previous twelve months, but in no event to exceed statutory unassigned surplus. Indiana law gives the
Commissioner broad discretion to disapprove requests for dividends in excess of these limits. Our other major insurance
subsidiaries, Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company, Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company, and Jefferson Pilot
LifeAmerica Insurance Company are domiciled in North Carolina, Nebraska and New Jersey, respectively, and are subject to
similar, but not identical, restrictions.
Our domestic insurance subsidiaries paid dividends of $569 million, $200 million and $150 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. Based upon anticipated ongoing positive statutory earnings and favorable credit markets, we expect our domestic
insurance subsidiaries could pay dividends of approximately $665 million in 2007 without prior approval from the respective
insurance commissioners. The actual amount of surplus that our insurance subsidiaries could pay as dividends is constrained by
the amount of surplus we hold to maintain our ratings, to provide an additional layer of margin for risk protection, and for future
investment in our businesses. Our non-regulated subsidiaries have dividend capacity of over $500 million in 2007.
Our insurance subsidiaries have statutory surplus and risk based capital levels well above current regulatory required levels.
As mentioned earlier, more than half of our life sales consist of products containing secondary guarantees which require reserving
practices under AXXX. Our insurance subsidiaries are employing strategies to lessen the burden of increased AXXX and XXX
statutory reserves associated with certain universal life products and other products with secondary guarantees subject to these
statutory reserving requirements. Currently, a portion of universal life business with secondary guarantees is reinsured with a
wholly owned non-U.S. domiciled subsidiary of LNC.
During 2005, we established a wholly-owned domestic reinsurance subsidiary to reinsure a portion of the XXX statutory
reserves associated with our term products, which based on the domicile of the subsidiary and the domicile’s statutory reserving
requirements should reduce the AXXX and XXX statutory reserves. Reserves of $89 million were ceded to this new subsidiary as
of December 31, 2006. We anticipate executing a capital markets solution to mitigate the impact of our term products to statutory
capital and surplus during 2007.
Lincoln UK’s operations consist primarily of unit-linked life and pension products, which are similar to U.S. produced
variable life and annuity products. Lincoln UK’s insurance subsidiaries are regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Services
Authority (“FSA”) and are subject to capital requirements as defined by the U.K. Capital Resources Requirement (formerly the
Required Minimum Solvency Margin). All insurance companies operating in the U.K. also have to complete a risk-based capital
(“RBC”) assessment to demonstrate to the FSA that they hold sufficient capital to cover their risks. RBC requirements in the U.K.
are different than the NAIC requirements. In addition, the FSA has imposed certain minimum capital requirements for the
combined U.K. subsidiaries. Lincoln UK maintains approximately 1.5 to 2 times the required capital as prescribed by the
regulatory margin. As is the case with regulated insurance companies in the U.S., changes to regulatory capital requirements can
impact the dividend capacity of the UK insurance subsidiaries and cash flow to the holding company.
Through the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we acquired certain non-insurance companies that held equity and fixed income
securities with a fair value at December 31, 2006 of $436 million, which are available to meet the liquidity needs of the holding
company.
98
Financing Activities
Although our subsidiaries generate adequate cash flow to meet the needs of our normal operations, periodically we may issue
debt or equity securities to fund internal growth, acquisitions, and the retirement of our debt and equity securities. As discussed in
more detail below, we issued approximately $2.1 billion of debt securities to finance the cash portion of our April 2006 merger with
Jefferson-Pilot and second quarter 2006 stock repurchase activity.
We currently have an effective shelf registration statement, which allows us to issue, in unlimited amounts, securities,
including debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units, and trust
preferred securities of our affiliated trusts. Our Board of Directors authorized us to issue up to $4 billion of such securities, and
we have issued $2.1 billion pursuant to that authorization.
The following summarizes debt and financing activity during 2006, 2005 and 2004.
• During the second quarter of 2006 we issued $2.1 billion of debt securities and acquired debt securities with a fair value
of $905 million previously issued by Jefferson-Pilot, as described in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in
this Form 10-K.
• On November 19, 2006 we redeemed our outstanding 7.65% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures,
Series E due 2050, which are held by Lincoln National Capital V. The redemption price for the Trust Preferred
Securities, Series E was $25.00 per security, for a total principal amount of $173 million, plus any accrued distributions
through the redemption date. As a result of these transactions, we incurred a non-cash charge of $6 million, pre-tax, ($4
million after-tax) in the fourth quarter of 2006 related to unamortized issuance costs. We funded the redemption with
internally generated funds and commercial paper. We used our security repurchase authorization to effect the
repurchase.
• On May 15, 2005, our 7.25% senior notes of $193 million matured.
• On October 1, 2004, we redeemed the $120 million, 9.125% senior notes due October 1, 2024 for an aggregate
redemption amount of $126 million. A loss of $6 million, pre-tax, ($4 million after-tax) relating to the call premium and
unamortized issue costs relating to the redemption was reported in 2004.
• On February 2, 2004, we issued $200 million, 4.75% ten-year senior notes.
We have also called for the redemption of the following securities originally issued by Jefferson-Pilot:
• On December 1, 2006, we called for the redemption of all of the outstanding 8.14% Junior Subordinated Deferrable
Interest Debentures, Series A due 2046, which are held by Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust A. These securities were
redeemed on January 16, 2007. The redemption price for the Capital Securities, Series A was $1,040.70 per security, for
a total principal amount of $206 million, plus $16 million for accrued interest through the redemption date and a call
premium.
• On January 12, 2007, we called for the redemption on March 1, 2007, of all of the outstanding 8.285% Junior
Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures, Series B due 2046, which are held by Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust B. The
redemption price for the Capital Securities, Series B will be $1,041.43 per security, for a total principal amount of $103
million, plus $8 million for accrued interest through the redemption date and a call premium.
We have redeemed or will redeem these securities in 2007, and therefore, have reported them as short-term debt on our
consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2006. We have financed or will finance these redemptions with internally generated
funds and commercial paper. Depending upon market conditions, we expect to issue up to $750 million in debt or capital
securities to replace this internal and short-term financing as well as for general corporate purposes, including additional share
repurchase prior to the end of the second quarter of 2007.
99
At December 31, 2006, we maintained three credit facilities with a group of domestic and foreign banks:
•
•
•
a $1.6 billion five-year credit facility entered into in March 2006 and maturing in March 2011, allowing for borrowing or
issuances of letters of credit (“LOC”);
a $1 billion five-year credit facility entered into in February 2006 and maturing in February 2011, allowing for borrowing
or issuances of LOCs; and
a U.K. facility for use by our U.K. subsidiary, which was renewed in December 2006 for 10 million pounds sterling ($20
million at December 31, 2006), maturing in December 2007.
At December 31, 2006, there were approximately $1.2 billion in outstanding LOCs under the various credit agreements.
These LOCs support intercompany reinsurance transactions and specific treaties associated with our former Reinsurance segment.
LOCs are primarily used to satisfy the U.S. regulatory requirements of domestic clients of the former Reinsurance segment who
have contracted with the reinsurance subsidiaries not domiciled in the United States and, as discussed below, for the reserve credit
provided by our affiliated offshore reinsurance company to our domestic insurance companies for ceded business.
Under the credit agreements, we must maintain a minimum consolidated net worth level. In addition, the agreements
contain covenants restricting our ability to incur liens, merge or consolidate with another entity where we are not the surviving
entity and dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. At December 31, 2006, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
All of our credit agreements are unsecured.
If current debt ratings and claims paying ratings were downgraded in the future, certain covenants of various contractual
obligations may be triggered which could negatively impact overall liquidity. In addition, contractual selling agreements with
intermediaries could be negatively impacted which could have an adverse impact on overall sales of annuities, life insurance and
investment products. At December 31, 2006, we maintained adequate current financial strength and senior debt ratings and do not
anticipate any ratings-based impact to future liquidity.
Included in the amounts outstanding at December 31, 2006 discussed above was approximately $975 million of outstanding
LOCs supporting the reinsurance obligations of our non-U.S. domiciled subsidiary to LNL on universal life business with
secondary guarantees. Recognizing that LOCs are generally one to five years in duration, it is likely that our insurance companies
will apply a mix of LOCs, reinsurance and capital market strategies in addressing long-term AXXX and XXX needs. LOCs and
related capital market alternatives lower the RBC impact of the universal life business with secondary guarantee products. An
inability to obtain the necessary LOC capacity or other capital market alternatives could impact our returns on universal life
business with secondary guarantee products. See “Part I-Item 1-Business-Regulatory” for further information on AXXX reserves.
A new statutory reserving standard (commonly called “VACARVM”) is being developed by the NAIC replacing current
statutory reserve practices for variable annuities with guaranteed benefits such as GMWBs. The timing for adoption of
VACARVM is not certain but we currently expect adoption in 2007. Because the NAIC has not determined the final version of
VACARVM, we cannot estimate the ultimate impact that VACARVM will have on our liquidity and capital resources. However, in
its current draft form, VACARVM has the potential to require statutory reserves well in excess of current levels for certain variable
annuity riders sold by Lincoln. We plan to utilize existing captive reinsurance structures to lessen any negative impact on statutory
capital and dividend capacity in our life insurance subsidiaries. However, additional statutory reserves could lead to lower risk-
based capital ratios and potentially reduce future dividend capacity from our insurance subsidiaries.
Divestitures
In September 2004, we sold DIAL to the unit’s management group and an unaffiliated investor. We received $181 million in
cash, of which $142 million was dividended to the holding company, and relief of certain obligations of approximately $19 million.
We used the funds for general corporate purposes, including repurchase of shares and repayment of debt.
Alternative Sources of Liquidity
LNC has a $1 billion commercial paper program that is rated A-1, P-2, F-1. The commercial paper program is backed by a
bank line of credit. In 2006, LNC had an average of $113 million in commercial paper outstanding with a maximum amount of
$975 million outstanding at any time. LNC did not have any commercial paper outstanding at year-end 2006.
In order to maximize the use of available cash, the holding company maintains an intercompany cash management account
where subsidiaries can borrow from the holding company to meet their short-term needs and can invest their short-term funds
100
with the holding company. The holding company finances this program from its primary sources of cash flow discussed above.
Depending on the overall cash availability or need, the holding company invests excess cash in short-term investments or borrows
funds in the financial markets. Our insurance subsidiaries, by virtue of their general account fixed income investment holdings, can
access liquidity through securities lending programs and repurchase agreements. At December 31, 2006, our insurance subsidiaries
had securities with a carrying value of $1 billion out on loan under the securities lending program, and $500 million carrying value
subject to reverse-repurchase agreements.
Uses of Capital
Our principal uses of cash are to pay policy claims and benefits, operating expenses, commissions and taxes, to purchase new
investments, to purchase reinsurance, to fund policy surrenders and withdrawals, to pay dividends to our shareholders and to
repurchase our stock and debt securities.
Return of Capital to Shareholders
One of the holding company’s principal uses of cash is to provide a return to our shareholders. Through dividends and
stock repurchases, we have an established record of providing significant cash returns to our shareholders. We have increased our
dividend in each of the last 24 years. In determining our dividend payout, we balance the desire to increase the dividend against
capital needs, rating agency considerations and requirements for financial flexibility. The following table summarizes this activity in
2006, 2005 and 2004.
(in millions, except per share data)
Dividends to shareholders
Repurchase of common stock
Total Cash Returned to Shareholders
Number of shares repurchased
Average Price Per Share
2006
$
429
1,003
1,432
16.887
59.40
$
$
2005
$
2004
$
$
$
257
104
361
2.331
44.44
$
$
250
350
600
7.612
46.01
On April 3, 2006, we entered into an agreement to purchase a variable number of shares of our common stock from a third
party broker-dealer, using an accelerated stock buyback program for an aggregate purchase price of $500 million. On April 10,
2006, we funded the agreement by borrowing $500 million under the bridge facility and received approximately 8 million shares of
our common stock. We also made a payment of approximately $3 million to provide for dividends on shares that may not have
been acquired by the third party broker-dealer prior to the close of the program. The program was completed in July of 2006, with
a total of 8.8 million shares repurchased under the program, all of which were retired.
On August 11, 2006, we entered into an agreement to purchase approximately 5.5 million shares of our common stock from
a third party broker-dealer, using an accelerated stock buyback program for an initial aggregate purchase price of $350 million. The
program terminated in October 2006, and we funded the program with internally generated funds, asset sales and commercial
paper and we took delivery of an additional 181,000 shares, resulting in total shares purchased under this program of 5.7 million
shares all of which were retired. Our Board of Directors had previously authorized total share repurchases of $1.8 billion.
On November 3, 2006, we entered into an agreement to purchase approximately 2.3 million shares of our common stock
from a third party broker-dealer, using an accelerated stock buyback program for an aggregate purchase price of $150 million. The
program was completed late in the fourth quarter of 2006, and we took delivery of approximately 18,000 additional shares of stock.
All of the repurchased stock was retired.
On February 22, 2007, our Board of Directors approved an additional $2 billion in security repurchase authority. After the
purchases under the above-described programs and the redemption of the 7.65% trust preferred securities discussed above, the
remaining amount of authorized security repurchases will be approximately $2.649 billion. We expect to enter into a new
accelerated stock buyback program of approximately $500 million prior to the end of the first quarter of 2007. We expect to
finance this new buyback program with internally generated funds and/or debt.
101
The following table summarizes the primary uses of holding company cash flow. The table focuses on significant and
recurring cash flow items and excludes the effects of certain financing activities, namely the periodic retirement of debt and cash
flows related to our intercompany cash management account. Taxes have been eliminated from the analysis due to a tax sharing
agreement among our primary subsidiaries resulting in a modest impact on net cash flows at the holding company.
(in millions)
Debt service (interest paid)
Capital contribution to LNL
Capital contribution to Delaware Investments
Common dividends
Common stock repurchase
Total
Contractual Obligations
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
195
-
-
393
1,006
1,594
90
-
14
255
104
463
$
$
$
93
100
-
249
350
792
(in millions)
Insurance and investment
contract liabilities (1)
Short-term debt
Long-term debt
Junior subordinated debentures
issued to affiliated trusts
Reverse repurchase agreements
Operating leases
Stadium naming rights (2)
Lincoln Financial Media
purchase obligations (3)
Outsourcing arrangements (4)
Retirement and other plans (5)
Totals
Less
Than
1 Year
1 - 3
Years
3 - 5
Years
More
Than
5 Years
Total
Future
Amortiza-
tion/
Adjustment
Amount
Per
Balance
Sheet
$
12,081
664
-
$
32,225
-
600
$
24,959
-
450
$
62,767
-
2,275
$
132,032
664
3,325
$
-
(6)
(28)
$
73,588
558
3,403
-
484
63
6
73
93
-
-
95
12
170
174
-
-
46
13
47
122
155
-
60
81
11
139
155
484
264
112
301
528
-
-
-
-
-
155
484
-
-
-
66
13,530
$
141
33,417
$
157
25,794
$
480
65,968
$
844
138,709
$
-
(34)
$
-
78,188
$
The table below summarizes our obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts and contingent
commitments in place at December 31, 2006.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Insurance and investment contract liabilities include various investment-type products with contractually scheduled
maturities including single premium immediate annuities (“SPIA”), group pension annuities, guaranteed interest contracts,
structured settlements, pension closeouts, and certain annuity policies. Insurance and investment contract liabilities also
include benefit and claim liabilities, of which a significant portion represents policies and contracts that do not have stated
contractual maturity dates and may not result in any future payment obligation. For these policies and contracts (i) we are
not currently making payments and will not make payments in the future until the occurrence of an insurable event, such as
death or disability or (ii) the occurrence of a payment triggering event, such as a surrender of a policy or contract, which is
outside of our control. We have made significant assumptions to determine the estimated undiscounted cash flows of these
policies and contracts which include mortality, morbidity, future lapse rates and interest crediting rates. Due to the
significance of the assumptions used, the amounts presented could materially differ from actual results. Amounts for the
Lincoln UK business have been translated using a U.S dollar to Pounds Sterling exchange rate of 1.958.
The amount includes a maximum annual increase related to the CPI.
Purchase obligations consist of LFM commitments for purchases of syndicated television programming and commitments
on other contracts and future sports programming rights. We have estimated the amount of the future obligations that will
be required under the present terms of these arrangements to be $301 million as of December 31, 2006, payable through the
year 2021. We have commitments to sell a portion of the sports programming rights to other entities and advertising
contracts with customers for the airing of commercials over the same period. These commitments are not reflected as an
102
asset or liability in our balance sheets because the programs are not currently available for use. We expect advertising
revenues that are sold on an annual basis to fund the purchase commitments.
(4) Outsourcing arrangements include the Lincoln UK administration agreement, information technology, human resource
(5)
services, procurement and certain other outsourcing arrangements.
Includes anticipated funding for benefit payments for our retirement and post-retirement plans through 2015 and known
payments under deferred compensation arrangements.
In addition to the contractual commitments outlined in the table above, we periodically fund the employees’ defined benefit
plans. We contributed $5 million, $18 million and $34 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively to U.S. pension plans and we
contributed $1 million and $77 million in 2006 and 2005 to our U.K. pension plan. We do not expect to contribute to our qualified
U.S. defined benefit pension plan in 2007. We expect to fund approximately $6 million to our unfunded non-qualified U.S. defined
benefit plan and $9 million to our U.S. post-retirement benefit plans during 2007. These amounts include anticipated benefit
payments for non-qualified plans. The majority of contributions/benefit payments are made at the insurance company subsidiary
level with little holding company cash flow impact. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional
information.
Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The table below summarizes our contingent commitments and off-balance sheet arrangements at December 31, 2006.
(in millions)
Lines of credit
Standby letters of credit (amount
outstanding at 12/31/06 - $1,245)
Guarantees
Investment commitments (1)
Standby commitments to purchase real
estate upon completion and leasing
Lincoln Financial Media commitments (2)
Operating lease guarantees (3)
Total
Total
Amount
Committed
$
1,020
1,600
3
1,025
Amount of Commitment Expiring per Period
After
5 Years
$
-
1 - 3
Years
$
-
Less Than
1 Year
$
4 - 5
Years
1,000
$
20
-
-
560
-
3
103
1,600
-
308
-
-
54
283
301
45
4,277
$
139
73
15
807
$
144
124
30
404
$
-
87
-
2,995
$
-
17
-
71
$
(1)
(2)
Certain of our subsidiaries have sold commercial mortgage loans through grantor trusts, which issued pass-through
certificates. These subsidiaries have agreed to repurchase any mortgage loans which remain delinquent for 90 days at a
repurchase price substantially equal to the outstanding principal balance plus accrued interest thereon to the date of
repurchase. In case of default by the borrowers, we have recourse to the underlying real estate. It is management’s opinion
that the value of the properties underlying these commitments is sufficient that in the event of default, the impact would not
be material to us. These guarantees expire in 2009.
Lincoln Financial Media has commitments to purchase future sports programming rights, and for employment contracts,
leases and syndicated television programming. We have offset the purchase of these programming rights by receiving
commitments from other entities to purchase a portion of our sports programming rights and entering into advertising
contracts with customers for the airing of commercials. These commitments are not reflected as an asset or liability in our
Consolidated Balance Sheet because the programs are not currently available for use.
(3) We guarantee the repayment of operating leases on facilities, which we have subleased to third parties, which obligate us to
pay in the event the third parties fail to perform their payment obligations under the subleasing agreements. We have
recourse to the third parties enabling us to recover any amounts paid under our guarantees. The annual rental payments
subject to these guarantees are $15 million and expire in 2009.
Significant Trends in Sources and Uses of Cash Flow
As stated above, LNC, as a holding company has its cash flow driven largely by the dividend capacity and surplus note
interest payments of LNL. LNL’s dividend capacity is impacted by factors influencing LNL’s risk- based capital and statutory
earnings performance. In recent periods, Delaware Investments and our U.K. operations have contributed significant free cash
flow. Improved financial performance at Delaware, our decision to run-off significant blocks of business in the U.K. and cash
103
flow from Lincoln Financial Media are driving improved cash flow and the return of capital to LNC. Currently, we expect to have
sufficient liquidity and capital resources to meet our obligations in 2007. During 2007, we anticipate issuing long-term borrowings
to replace short-term debt outstanding and for several corporate purposes including funding the repurchase of shares. For factors
that could effect our expectations for liquidity and capital, see “Part I—Item 1—Business—Risk Factors.”
Shareholders’ Equity
Total shareholders’ equity increased $5.8 billion during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, primarily due to $5.6
billion of common stock issued to acquire the outstanding shares of Jefferson-Pilot in April 2006 and, to a lesser extent, net
income, partially offset by unrealized losses of securities available-for-sale included in accumulated other comprehensive income
resulting from higher interest rates and share repurchase activity.
Other Factors Affecting Our Business
OTHER MATTERS
In general, our businesses are subject to a changing social, economic, legal, legislative and regulatory environment. Some of
the changes include initiatives to require more reserves to be carried by our insurance subsidiaries, to make permanent recent
reductions in individual tax rates, to permanently repeal the estate tax and to increase regulation of our annuity and investment
management businesses. Although the eventual effect on us of the changing environment in which we operate remains uncertain,
these factors and others could have a material effect on our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. See “Part I—Item
1—Business—Risk Factors” and “—Forward-Looking Statements—Cautionary Language” for factors that may cause our future
results to differ materially from current expectations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements that have been
implemented during the periods presented or that have been issued and are to be implemented in the future.
Merger with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
See “Introduction – Recent Developments” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for discussion regarding the merger with
Jefferson-Pilot.
Sale of Delaware London-based International Investment Unit
In September 2004, we sold DIAL to the unit’s management group and an unaffiliated investor. We received $181 million
in cash, of which $142 million was dividended to the holding company, and relief of certain obligations of approximately $19
million. Our after-tax gain from the transaction was $46 million. We used the funds for general corporate purposes, including
debt repayment and share repurchases. The Investment Management segment’s results for 2004 included approximately $12
million of income related to DIAL. The sale resulted in a reduction of $22.1 billion in the Investment Management segment’s
assets under management at the time of the sale. As of December 31, 2006, approximately $17.3 billion of the Investment
Management segment’s remaining assets under management are being sub-advised on our behalf by the acquirer.
RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES
We have initiated and executed restructuring plans of various sizes as summarized below. These restructuring plans generally
are initiated to improve the efficiency of our operations. Below is a summary of the restructuring charges by plan. Additional
details of each of these restructuring plans are discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104
2006 Restructuring Plan
During 2006, we implemented a restructuring plan to realign its legacy operations to incorporate the integration of Jefferson
Pilot. The realignment will enhance productivity, efficiency and scalability while positioning our company for future growth.
Below is a summary of the 2006 activity related to this plan.
(in millions)
Amounts incurred in 2006
Employee severance and termination benefits
Rent on abandoned office space
Total 2006 restructuring charges
Amounts expended in 2006
Restructuring reserve at December 31, 2006
Additional amounts expended that do not qualify as restructuring charges
Total expected costs
Expected completion date
Total
$
14
1
15
(7)
$
8
35
180
$
$
4th Quarter 2009
The total expected costs include both restructuring charges and merger integration costs that do not qualify as restructuring
charges, In addition, they include involuntary severance and termination benefits that were recorded as part of the purchase price
allocation (see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Merger integration costs relating to employee severance and
termination benefits of $13 million were included in other liabilities in the purchase price allocation. As of December 31, 2006,
approximately $10 million of these costs were incurred.
Pre-tax restructuring charges for this plan in 2006 by segment were as follows: Other Operations ($14 million) and
Investment Management ($1 million).
2005 Restructuring Plan
During May 2005, we implemented a restructuring plan to realign our field management and financial planning support areas.
Total pre-tax restructuring charges incurred during 2005 were $7 million. These charges included employee severance and
termination benefits of $4 million and rent on abandoned office space of $3 million. The remaining reserves totaled $1 million at
December 31, 2006. The plan was completed as of December 31, 2006, except for lease payments on vacated space that will run
through 2008.
2003 Restructuring Plan
In January 2003, we realigned the operations in Hartford, Connecticut and Schaumburg, Illinois to enhance productivity,
efficiency and scalability while positioning us for future growth. In February 2003, we announced plans to consolidate our fixed
annuity operations in Schaumburg, Illinois into Fort Wayne, Indiana. In June 2003, we announced that we were combining our
retirement and life insurance businesses into a single operating unit focused on providing wealth accumulation and protection,
income distribution and wealth transfer products. In August 2003, we announced additional realignment activities, which impacted
all of our domestic operations. The total pre-tax restructuring charges recorded in 2005 and 2004 were $23 million in each year.
Pre-tax amounts reversed in restructuring charges in 2006 and 2004 were $2 million and $1 million, respectively. Additional pre-tax
amounts expended that do not qualify as restructuring charges in 2005 and 2004 were $7 million and $16 million, respectively.
1999 and 2000 Restructuring Plans
During 1999 and 2000, we implemented restructuring plans relating to Lincoln UK’s operations. In addition to various other
activities, these plans involved vacating leased facilities. All other plan activities have been completed and the remaining reserves
relate to future lease payments on exited properties, which run through 2016. The remaining reserves for these plans totaled $6
million at December 31, 2006.
105
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We analyze and manage the risks arising from market exposures of financial instruments, as well as other risks, in an
integrated asset-liability management process that takes diversification into account. By aggregating the potential effect of market
and other risks on the entire enterprise, we estimate, review and in some cases manage the risk to our earnings and shareholder
value. We have exposures to several market risks including interest rate, default risk, foreign currency exchange, liquidity and
equity price risks.
The exposures of financial instruments to market risks, and the related risk management processes, are most important in the
Employer Markets and Individual Markets segments, where most of the invested assets support accumulation and investment-
oriented insurance products. As an important element of our integrated asset-liability management process, we use derivatives to
minimize the effects of changes in interest levels and the shape of the yield curve. In this context, derivatives are designated as a
hedge and serve to reduce interest rate risk by mitigating the effect of significant increases in interest rates on our earnings.
Additional market exposures exist in our other general account insurance products and in our debt structure and derivatives
positions. The primary sources of market risk are: 1) substantial, relatively rapid and sustained increases or decreases in interest
rates, 2) fluctuations in currency exchange rates or 3) a sharp drop in equity market values. Each of these market risks is discussed
in detail in the following pages.
Interest Rate Risk
Accumulation and Investment Oriented Insurance Products. General account assets supporting accumulation and
investment-oriented insurance products total $55 billion, or approximately 77%, of total invested assets and $34 billion, or
approximately 78%, of total invested assets at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
With respect to these products, we seek to earn a stable and profitable spread, or margin, between investment income and
interest credited to account values. If we have adverse experience on investments that cannot be passed on to customers, our
spreads are reduced. Alternatively, we may seek to maintain spreads by reducing crediting rates, where permissible, which may
result in crediting rates that are not competitive in the market place. This strategy could result in adverse surrender experience on
policies and could force us to liquidate a portion of our portfolio to fund cash surrender value benefits.
Provided interest rates continue to gradually return to levels that are more typical from a long-term perspective, we do not
view the near term risk to spreads over the next twelve months to be material. The combination of a probable range of interest
rate changes over the next twelve months, asset-liability management strategies, flexibility in adjusting policy crediting rate levels
and protection afforded by policy surrender charges and other switching costs all work together to mitigate this risk. The interest
rate scenarios of concern are those in which there is a substantial, relatively rapid increase or decrease in interest rates that is then
sustained over a long period.
Fixed Deferred Annuities. Assets of $27 billion and $20 billion at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, support the largest
category of accumulation and investment oriented insurance products, fixed deferred annuities. For these products, we may adjust
renewal crediting rates monthly or quarterly, subject to guaranteed minimums ranging from 1.5% to 5.0%. The higher minimums
apply to in-force blocks of older products that no longer are sold. Annuity customers have the right to surrender their policies at
account value less a surrender charge that grades to zero over periods ranging from 5 to 10 years from policy issue date or, in some
cases, the date of each premium received. In some cases, a market value adjustment may also apply. Due to our ability to change
crediting rates to reflect investment experience on the majority of our traditional annuity products, the underlying assets are
assumed to be a good proxy for the interest rate risk inherent in these liabilities. This assumption is appropriate for probable
movements in interest rates over the next twelve months. This assumption may not be appropriate for a substantial, relatively
rapid increase or decrease in interest rates that is then sustained over a long period.
Universal Life and Interest-Sensitive Whole Life. We had $26 billion and $12 billion in assets at December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively, supporting universal life and interest-sensitive whole life insurance on which we have the right to adjust renewal
crediting rates. The credited rates are subject to guaranteed minimums ranging from 3.0% to 4.5% for universal life and 4.0% to
7.0% for interest-sensitive whole life at December 31, 2006. At December 31, 2006, 92% of these assets support universal life
insurance products. Similar to annuities, universal life insurance customers have the right to surrender their policies at account
value less a surrender charge that grades to zero over periods ranging from ten to twenty years from policy issue date or, in some
cases, the date of each premium received.
Group Pension Annuities and Guaranteed Interest Contracts. We had assets totaling $2 billion and $2 billion at December 31, 2006
and 2005, respectively that support group pension immediate and deferred annuities and guaranteed interest contracts. Generally,
the cash flows expected on these liabilities do not vary with fluctuations in market interest rates and are not adjustable by us.
106
Accordingly, if experience on the assets supporting these products is more adverse than the assumptions used in pricing the
products, spreads will tend to be below expectations. We limit exposure to interest rate risk by managing the duration and maturity
structure of each investment portfolio in relation to the liabilities it supports. We had no guaranteed investment contracts
supported by these assets at December 31, 2006 or December 31, 2005.
Other General Account Insurance Products. We had $17 billion and $10 billion of assets at December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively, supporting general account products, including term life insurance. For these products, the liability cash flows may
have actuarial uncertainty. However, their amounts and timing do not vary significantly with interest rates. We limit interest rate
risk by analyzing the expected cash flows of the products and structuring investment portfolios with similar cash flows.
Interest Rate Risk—Falling Rates. The spreads on our fixed annuity and interest-sensitive whole life, universal life and
fixed portion of variable universal life insurance policies, are at risk if interest rates decline and remain low for a period of time,
which has generally been the case in recent years. For instance, the five-year Treasury yield stood at 6.3% at the end of 1999, it
declined through 2002 to 2.7% at the end of 2002 and then rose modestly to 4.7% at the end of 2006. Should interest rates remain
at current levels that are significantly lower than those existing prior to the declines of recent years, the average earned rate of
return on our annuity and universal life insurance investment portfolios will continue to decline. Relative to the book yield at
December 31, 2005, the book yield at December 31, 2006 on annuity investment portfolios declined from 6.1% to 5.8%, while the
book yield on universal life insurance portfolios declined from 6.3% to 6.2 %. Declining portfolio yields may cause the spreads
between investment portfolio yields and the interest rate credited to policyholders to deteriorate, as our ability to manage spreads
can become limited by minimum guaranteed rates on annuity and universal life insurance policies. Minimum guaranteed rates on
annuity and universal life insurance policies generally range from 1.5% to 5.0%, with an average guaranteed rate of approximately
4%. The following table provides detail on the percentage differences between the current interest rates being credited to
policyholders and the respective minimum guaranteed policy rate, broken out by policyholder account values reported within the
Employer Markets and Individual Markets segments at December 31, 2006.
Excess of Crediting Rates
over Contract Minimums
As of December 31, 2006
(in millions)
CD and an-benefit type annuities
discretionary rate setting products*
No difference
up to .1%
0.11% to .20%
0.21% to .30%
0.31% to .40%
0.41% to .50%
0.51% to .60%
0.61% to .70%
0.71% to .80%
0.81% to .90%
0.91% to 1.0%
1.01% to 1.50%
1.51% to 2.00%
2.01% to 2.50%
2.51% to 3.00%
3.01% and above
Total discretionary rate setting products
Total account values
Employer
Markets
Annuities
$
969
Account Values
Individual Markets
Life
Insurance
$
-
Annuities
$
10,230
Total
$
11,199
2,955
592
4,780
-
1
89
184
865
101
-
194
34
44
-
-
182
10,021
10,990
$
4,473
1,709
837
210
106
56
49
371
3
1
8
70
335
384
-
1
8,613
18,843
$
10,690
1,001
20
4,625
2,342
665
181
110
897
49
18
628
61
37
-
-
21,324
21,324
$
18,118
3,302
5,637
4,835
2,449
810
414
1,346
1,001
50
220
732
440
421
-
183
39,958
51,157
$
Percent
of Total
Account
Values
21.89%
35.42%
6.45%
11.02%
9.45%
4.79%
1.58%
0.81%
2.63%
1.96%
0.10%
0.43%
1.43%
0.86%
0.82%
0.00%
0.36%
78.11%
100.00%
*
For purposes of this table, contracts currently within new money rate bands are grouped according to the corresponding
portfolio rate band in which they will fall upon their first anniversary.
See Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Results of
Operations by Segment for the effects of interest rate environments on interest rate margins.
107
The maturity structure and call provisions of the related portfolios are structured to afford protection against erosion of
investment portfolio yields during periods of declining interest rates. We devote extensive effort to evaluating the risks associated
with falling interest rates by simulating asset and liability cash flows for a wide range of interest rate scenarios. We seek to manage
these exposures by maintaining a suitable maturity structure and by limiting our exposure to call risk in each respective investment
portfolio.
We believe that the portfolios supporting our accumulation and investment oriented insurance products have a prudent
degree of call protection individually and on a consolidated basis. For instance, as of December 31, 2006, the mortgage-backed
securities (“MBS”) and asset-backed securities (“ABS”) portion represented a total of $9 billion, or 16% of the $55 billion of
general account assets supporting such products. Of this portfolio, 11% of general account assets, or $6 billion, is subject to
residential prepayment risk from investments made in Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”), mortgage pass-throughs,
manufactured housing and home equity loans. As of December 31, 2005, the MBS and ABS portion of the portfolio represented a
total of $6.3 billion or 19% of the $33.7 billion of general account assets supporting such products. Our MBS portfolio has equal
to or slightly less prepayment risk than the MBS pass-through market in general, primarily due to holding more seasoned securities
in the portfolio.
Interest Rate Risk—Rising Rates. For both annuities and universal life insurance, a rapid and sustained rise in interest
rates poses risks of deteriorating spreads and high surrenders. The portfolios supporting these products have fixed-rate assets
laddered over maturities generally ranging from one to ten years or more. Accordingly, the earned rate on each portfolio lags
behind changes in market yields. As rates rise, the lag may be increased by slowing MBS prepayments. The greater and faster the
rise in interest rates, the more the earned rate will tend to lag behind market rates. If we set renewal crediting rates to earn the
desired spread, the gap between our renewal crediting rates and competitors’ new money rates may be wide enough to cause
increased surrenders. If we credit more competitive renewal rates to limit surrenders, our spreads will narrow. We devote
extensive effort to evaluating these risks by simulating asset and liability cash flows for a wide range of interest rate scenarios. Such
analysis has led to adjustments in the target maturity structure and to hedging the risk of rising rates by buying out-of-the-money
interest rate cap agreements and swaptions (see discussion below). With these instruments in place, the potential adverse impact of
a rapid and sustained rise in rates is kept within our risk tolerances.
Debt. As of December 31, 2006, we had short-term debt, long-term debt and junior subordinated debentures issued to
affiliated trusts totaling $4.1 billion ($3.3 billion with fixed rates and $0.8 billion with floating rates) on the balance sheet. As of
December 31, 2005, we had short-term debt, long-term debt and junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts totaling
$1.5 billion ($1.1 billion with fixed rates and $0.4 billion with floating rates) on the balance sheet. We manage the timing of
maturities and the mixture of fixed-rate and floating-rate debt as part of the process of integrated management of interest rate risk
for the entire enterprise.
Derivatives. As indicated in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have entered into derivative transactions
to reduce our exposure to rapid rises in interest rates. The programs discussed below are used to help us achieve more stable
margins while providing competitive crediting rates to policyholders during periods when interest rates are rising. Failure to
maintain competitive crediting rates could cause policyholders to withdraw their funds and place them in more competitive
products.
We use interest rate cap agreements to hedge against the negative impact of a significant and sustained rise in interest rates.
Interest rate caps are contracts that require counterparties to pay us at specified future dates the amount, if any, by which a
specified market interest rate exceeds the cap rate stated in the agreements, applied to a notional amount. As of December 31,
2006 and 2005, we had agreements with notional amounts of $6.0 billion and $5.5 billion, respectively. At December 31, 2006, the
agreements had cap rates ranging from 100 to 500 basis points above prevailing interest rates. The cap rates in some contracts
reset annually. These agreements expire in 2007 through 2011.
108
For future periods, the fair value of our interest rate caps depend on the levels of future U.S. Treasury and U.S. dollar swap
interest rates. The table below shows estimates of fair value levels for the cap portfolio at December 31, 2006 for future time
periods and selected potential future interest rate levels.
(in millions)
No change
Up 2%
Up 4%
Up 6%
2006
3
$
39
166
337
2007
1
$
20
109
235
2008
-
$
8
69
155
2009
-
$
1
39
100
2010
-
$
-
18
61
2011
-
$
-
-
-
We use interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to floating rate bond coupon payments, replicating a fixed rate
bond. An interest rate swap is a contractual agreement to exchange payments at one or more times based on the actual or expected
level of one or more underlying interest rates. We are required to pay the counterparty the stream of variable interest payments
based on the coupon payments from the hedged bonds, and in turn, receive a fixed payment from the counterparty, at a
predetermined interest rate. In addition, we use interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate fluctuations
related to the forecasted purchase of assets to support newly acquired blocks of business or certain other portfolios of assets.
Finally, we use interest rate swap agreements to hedge the risk of paying a higher fixed rate interest on junior subordinated
debentures issued to affiliated trusts holding solely junior subordinated debentures and on senior debt than can be paid on long-
term debt based on current interest rates in the marketplace. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had swap agreements with a
notional amount of $1.3 billion and $0.7 billion, respectively. The agreements expire in 2007 through 2026.
We use interest rate futures to hedge our liability exposure on certain options related to GMWB features in variable annuity
products. These futures contracts require payment between us and our counterparty on a daily basis for changes in the futures
index price. As of December 31, 2006, we had interest rate futures with a notional amount of $2.9 billion. The contracts expire in
2007.
We used a treasury lock agreement to hedge our exposure to variability in future semi-annual interest payments, attributable
to changes in the benchmark interest rate, related to the issuance of our 5-year, $250 million senior debt in 2002 and 10 year, $200
million senior debt in 2004. In 2005, we entered into a treasury lock to hedge the anticipated issuance of debt to finance the
merger with Jefferson-Pilot. A treasury lock is an agreement that allows the holder to lock in a benchmark interest rate, so that if
the benchmark interest rate increases, the holder is entitled to receive a payment from the counterparty equal to the present value
of the difference in the benchmark interest rate at the determination date and the locked-in benchmark interest rate. If the
benchmark interest rate decreases, the holder must pay the counterparty an amount equal to the present value of the difference in
the benchmark interest rate at the determination date and the locked-in benchmark interest rate. As of December 31, 2006, we had
no open treasury locks.
In addition to continuing existing programs, we may use derivative products in other strategies to limit risk and enhance
returns, particularly in the management of investment spread businesses. We have established policies, guidelines and internal
control procedures for the use of derivatives as tools to enhance management of the overall portfolio of risks assumed in our
operations. Annually, our Board of Directors reviews our derivatives policy.
109
Table of Significant Exposures. The table below provides a general measure of our significant interest rate risk (amounts
are shown by year of maturity and include amortization of premiums and discounts; interest rate cap notional amounts are shown
by amount outstanding at the year-end given) as of December 31, 2006.
(in millions)
Rate Sensitive Assets
Fixed interest rate securities
Average interest rate
Variable interest rate securities
Average interest rate
Mortgage loans
Average interest rate
Rate Sensitive Liabilities
Investment type insurance contracts (1)
Average interest rate
Debt (2)
Average interest rate
Rate Sensitive Derivative
Financial Instruments
Interest rate and foreign
Currency swaps:
Pay variable/receive fixed
Average pay rate
Average receive rate
Interest rate caps:
Outstanding notional
Average strike rate (3)
Forward CMT curve (4)
Interest rate futures:
March 07 2-year Treasury Notes
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
There-
after
Total
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,058
6.1%
16
6.5%
137
7.7%
2,548
6.1%
41
6.2%
216
6.7%
2,438
6.1%
114
7.0%
491
7.3%
3,035
6.0%
230
6.2%
373
7.3%
4,304
6.2%
196
4.8%
488
7.7%
$
$
$
$
$
$
39,129
6.1%
5,618
6.3%
5,608
6.5%
$
53,512
6.1%
6,215
6.3%
7,313
6.7%
$
$
$
1,292
6.0%
$
250
5.3%
$
1,601
5.9%
$
100
6.5%
$
1,473
6.1%
$
500
5.5%
$
1,912
6.1%
$
-
0.0%
$
2,655
6.3%
$
550
5.8%
$
20,174
6.2%
$
2,706
4.6%
$
29,107
6.1%
$
4,106
5.0%
Fair
Value
$
53,530
$
5,358
$
7,570
$
28,939
$
4,219
$
379
5.2%
5.0%
$
464
4.7%
5.4%
$
172
5.5%
6.3%
$
26
5.4%
4.1%
$
51
5.5%
4.9%
$
282
6.1%
5.6%
$
1,374
5.3%
5.4%
$
1
$
4,100
$
2,250
$
1,050
$
150
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
3
7.7%
5.1%
7.1%
5.2%
7.0%
5.3%
7.0%
5.4%
outstanding notional
$
700
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
700
$
-
March 07 5-year Treasury Notes
outstanding notional
$
520
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
520
$
-
March 07 10-year Treasury Notes
outstanding notional
March 07 Treasury Bonds
outstanding notional
$
266
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
266
$
-
$
1,410
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
1,410
$
-
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
The information shown is for the fixed maturity securities and mortgage loans that support these insurance contracts.
Includes junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts.
The indexes are a mixture of five-year Constant Maturity Treasury (“CMT”) and Constant Maturity Swap (“CMS”).
The CMT curve is the five-year constant maturity treasury forward curve.
110
The table shows the principal amounts and fair values of assets, liabilities and derivatives having significant interest rate risks
as of December 31, 2005.
(in millions)
Fixed interest rate securities
Variable interest rate securities
Mortgage loans
Guaranteed interest contracts
Investment type insurance contracts (1)
Debt (2)
Interest rate and foreign currency swaps
Interest rate caps
Principal
Amount
$
32,635
4,666
3,672
-
21,134
1,440
793
-
Fair
Value
$
32,981
3,707
3,860
-
21,163
1,487
6
5
(1)
(2)
The information shown is for the fixed maturity securities and mortgage loans that support these insurance contracts.
Includes junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts.
Foreign Currency Risk
Foreign Currency Denominated Investments. We invest in foreign currency securities for incremental return and risk
diversification relative to United States Dollar-Denominated (“USD”) securities. The fair value of foreign securities totaled $1.2
billion as of December 31, 2006. We use foreign currency swaps to hedge some of the foreign exchange risk related to our
investment in securities denominated in foreign currencies. The currency risk is hedged using foreign currency derivatives of the
same currency as the bonds. The table below shows our exposure to foreign currency securities. Also included is the relevant
information relating to the foreign currency derivatives that are hedging the currency risk of these securities. The table below
presents the principal or notional amount in U.S. dollar equivalents by expected maturity for our foreign currency denominated
investments and foreign currency swaps as of December 31, 2006.
(U.S. dollars in millions)
Currencies
British Pound
Interest Rate
Canadian Dollar
Interest Rate
New Zealand Dollar
Interest Rate
Euro
Interest Rate
Total Currencies
Derivatives
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Thereafter
Total
87
$
6.75%
$
17
4.65%
-
$
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
$
104
111
$
6.58%
$
8
4.90%
-
$
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
$
119
70
$
6.27%
$
-
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
$
70
60
$
5.87%
$
-
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
$
60
36
$
7.24%
$
-
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
-
$
0.00%
$
36
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
591
6.51%
37
5.98%
30
8.23%
22
4.76%
680
955
6.51%
62
5.47%
30
8.23%
22
4.76%
1,069
$
$
Fair
Value
$
1,049
$
63
$
30
$
21
$
1,163
Foreign Currency Swaps
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
86
$
86
$
(7)
111
The table below presents the principal or notional amount in U.S. dollar equivalents of our foreign currency denominated
investments and foreign currency swaps as of December 31, 2005.
(U.S. dollars in millions)
Currencies
British Pound
Canadian Dollar
French Franc
New Zealand Dollar
Total Currencies
Derivatives
Foreign Currency Swaps
Principal/
Notional
Fair Value
$
$
822
58
2
29
911
949
59
2
28
1,038
$
$
$
58
$
(5)
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts. During 2006, we entered into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge
dividends received from Lincoln UK. At December 31, 2006, no foreign currency forward contracts were outstanding.
Foreign Currency Swaps. A foreign currency swap is a contractual agreement to exchange the currencies of two different
countries at a specified rate of exchange in the future. We use foreign currency swaps to convert the cash flow of foreign currency
securities to U.S. dollars. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had foreign currency swap agreements with notional amounts of
$86 million and $58 million, respectively. The agreements expire in 2014 through 2016.
Equity Market Exposures
Our revenues, assets, liabilities and derivatives are exposed to equity market risk. See “Equity Market Guidance” in Item 7 -
Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional discussion of equity market
risk.
Fee Revenues. The fee revenues of our Investment Management segment and fees earned from variable annuities and
variable life insurance products are exposed to the risk of a decline in equity market values. These fees are generally a fixed
percentage of the market value of assets under management. In a severe equity market decline, fee income could be reduced by
not only reduced market valuations but also by customer withdrawals and redemptions. Such withdrawals and redemptions from
equity funds and accounts might be partially offset by transfers to our fixed-income accounts and the transfer of funds to us from
our competitors’ customers.
Assets. While we invest in equity assets with the expectation of achieving higher returns than would be available in our core
fixed-income investments, the returns on, and values of, these equity investments are subject to somewhat greater market risk than
our fixed-income investments. These investments, however, add diversification benefits to our fixed-income investments. The
table below shows the sensitivity of price changes to our equity assets owned.
December 31, 2006
December 31, 2005
(in millions)
Domestic equities
Foreign equities
Subtotal
Real estate
Other equity interests
Total
Carrying
Value
$
Fair
Value
$
569
131
700
421
754
1,875
10% Fair
Value
Increase
$
626
144
770
497
829
2,096
10% Fair
Value
Decrease
512
$
118
630
407
678
1,715
$
568
132
700
452
754
1,906
Carrying
Value
$
Fair
Value
$
32
112
144
183
365
692
32
112
144
196
365
705
$
$
$
$
$
112
Notional
Fair
10% Fair
Value
10% Fair
Value
Equity Derivatives (in millions)(1)
Equity futures
Total return swaps
Put options
Total
Value
$
204
110
2,200
2,514
$
Value
-
$
-
171
171
$
Increase
$
Decrease
$
14
14
150
178
(14)
(14)
201
173
$
$
(1) Assumes a +/– 10% change in underlying indexes. Fair value above does not reflect daily settlement of futures or monthly
settlement of total return swaps.
Liabilities. We have exposure to changes in our stock price through stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) issued in 2002
through 2006. The aggregate value for vested and non-vested SARs was $11 million and $6 million at December 31, 2006,
respectively. The aggregate value for vested and non-vested SARs was $8 million and $5 million at December 31, 2005,
respectively. This program is being hedged with equity derivatives as discussed below.
Derivatives Hedging Equity Risks. We use OTC equity call options on our stock to hedge against the increase in our
liabilities arising from SARs granted on our stock in 2000 through 2006. These call options require the counterparty to pay us at
specified future expiration dates the amount, if any, of the increase in our stock price over the strike price of the option, applied to
the number of contracts. We had 0.9 million and 1.3 million call options on an equal number of shares of our stock at December
31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The call option expirations are matched to the liabilities and expire in 2007 through 2010.
We use total return swaps to hedge a portion of the liability related to our deferred compensation plans. We receive the total
return on a portfolio of indexes and pay a floating rate of interest. As of December 31, 2006, we had total return swaps with a
notional amount of $110 million. These total return swaps do not have a stated contract expiration date.
We use put options to hedge a portion of the liability related to our variable annuity products with a GMWB feature. Put
options are contracts that require counterparties to pay us at a specified future date the amount, if any, by which a specified equity
index is less than the strike rate stated in the agreement, applied to a notional amount. As of December 31, 2006, we had puts with
a notional amount of $2.2 billion, which expire in 2009 through 2020.
We use equity futures to hedge a portion of the liability related to our variable annuity products with a GMWB and GMDB
feature. These futures contracts require payment between us and our counterparty on a daily basis for changes in the futures index
price. As of December 31, 2006, we had equity futures with a notional amount of $204 million, which expire in 2007.
We use call options on the SPX Index to hedge the impact of the equity-index interest credited to our indexed annuity
products. These contracts permit the holder to elect an interest rate return or an equity market component, where interest credited
to the contracts is linked to the performance of the S&P500® index. As of December 31, 2006, we had call options on the SPX
Index with a notional amount of $2.4 billion, which expire in 2007 through 2008.
Default Risk. Our portfolio of invested assets was $71.5 billion as of December 31, 2006. Of this total, $47.8 billion
consists of corporate bonds and $7.4 billion consists of commercial mortgages. We manage the risk of adverse default experience
on these investments by applying disciplined credit evaluation and underwriting standards, prudently limiting allocations to lower-
quality, higher-yielding investments, and diversifying exposures by issuer, industry, region and property type. For each
counterparty or borrowing entity and its affiliates, our exposures from all transactions are aggregated and managed in relation to
formal limits set by rating quality and industry group. We remain exposed to occasional adverse cyclical economic downturns
during which default rates may be significantly higher than the long-term historical average used in pricing.
We are depending on the ability of derivative product dealers and their guarantors to honor their obligations to pay the
contract amounts under various derivatives agreements. In order to minimize the risk of default losses, we diversify our exposures
among several dealers and limit the amount of exposure to each in accordance with the credit rating of each dealer or its guarantor.
We generally limit our selection of counterparties that are obligated under these derivative contracts to those with an A credit rating
or above.
Credit-Related Derivatives. We use various credit-related derivatives to minimize exposure to various credit-related risks.
We use credit default swaps to hedge against a drop in bond prices due to credit concerns of certain bond issuers. A credit swap
allows us to put the bond back to the counterparty at par upon a credit event by the bond issuer. A credit event is defined as
113
bankruptcy, failure to pay, or obligation acceleration. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had no purchased credit default
swaps outstanding.
We also sell credit default swaps to offer credit protection to investors. The credit default swaps hedge the investor against a
drop in bond prices due to credit concerns of certain bond issuers. A credit swap allows the investor to put the bond back to us at
par upon a credit event by the bond issuer. A credit event is defined as bankruptcy, failure to pay, or restructuring. As of
December 31, 2006, we had credit default swaps with a notional amount of $20 million, which expire in 2010.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Selected Quarterly Financial Data (1)(2)
2006
Premiums and other considerations
Net investment income
Realized gain (loss) on investments, derivatives and sale of subsidiaries
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Net income
Per share data-basic
Net income
Per share data-diluted
Net income
2005
Premiums and other considerations
Net investment income
Realized gain (loss) on investments, derivatives and sale of subsidiaries
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Net income
Per share data-basic
Net income
Per share data-diluted
Net income
(in millions, except per share data)
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
$
745
678
(1)
221
221
$
1,433
1,068
(5)
349
349
$
1,389
1,108
(10)
364
364
$
1,518
1,127
13
382
382
1.27
1.24
1.25
1.23
1.31
1.29
1.38
1.36
$
648
660
11
179
179
$
680
704
(9)
198
198
$
720
671
4
229
229
$
728
667
(9)
225
225
1.03
1.01
1.15
1.13
1.33
1.30
1.29
1.28
(1)
(2)
The financial data for the second through fourth quarter of 2006 reflect the merger of Jefferson-Pilot on April 3, 2006.
Certain reclassification have been made to the 2005 financial data to conform to the presentation adopted in the current
year. The reclassifications impacted premiums and other considerations, but had no effect on income before cumulative
effect of accounting changes or net income.
114
MANAGEMENT REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for LNC to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the
transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and
expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a
material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Projections of any evaluation of internal control over financial reporting effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over
time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies
or procedures.
Management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, the end of our fiscal year.
Management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included evaluation of such elements as the
design and operating effectiveness of key financial reporting controls, process documentation, accounting policies, and our overall
control environment.
Based on the assessment, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the
end of the fiscal year to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, has
been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included
immediately below.
115
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Lincoln National Corporation
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Controls Over
Financial Reporting, that Lincoln National Corporation (the “Company”) maintained effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the
effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of
internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that
could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, the Company
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the
COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of
income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 of the Company
and our report dated February 27, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 27, 2007
116
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Lincoln National Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lincoln National Corporation (“Corporation”) as of December
31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2006. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules listed in the Index at
15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Corporation’s management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position
of Lincoln National Corporation at December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial
statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, in 2006 the Corporation changed its method of accounting for
defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. Also, as discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, in
2004 the Corporation changed its method of accounting for certain non-traditional long-duration contracts and for separate
accounts.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
effectiveness of Lincoln National Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission and our report dated February 27, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 27, 2007
117
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
Investments:
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value:
Fixed maturity (cost: 2006-$54,960; 2005-$32,384)
Equity (cost: 2006-$681; 2005-$137)
Trading securities
Mortgage loans on real estate
Real estate
Policy loans
Derivative investments
Other investments
Total Investments
Cash and invested cash
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired
Premiums and fees receivable
Accrued investment income
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers
Goodwill
Other assets
Assets held in separate accounts
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities
Insurance and investment contract liabilities:
Insurance policy and claim reserves
Investment contract and policyholder funds
Total insurance and investment contract liabilities
Short-term debt
Long-term debt:
Senior notes
Junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts
Capital securities
Reinsurance related derivative liability
Funds withheld reinsurance liabilities
Deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance
Other liabilities
Liabilities related to separate accounts
Total liabilities
Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 10)
Shareholders' Equity
Series A preferred stock-10,000,000 shares authorized (2006 liquidation value-$1)
Common stock-800,000,000 shares authorized (shares issued and outstanding:
2006- 275,752,668; 2005- 173,768,078)
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Minimum pension liability adjustment
Adjustment for adoption of SFAS 158
Total accumulated other comprehensive income
Total shareholders' equity
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
118
2006
2005
(in millions)
$
$
55,853
701
3,036
7,384
421
2,760
415
918
71,488
1,621
8,420
356
866
7,939
4,500
2,770
80,534
178,494
33,443
145
3,246
3,663
183
1,862
175
452
43,169
2,312
5,163
343
526
6,926
1,194
1,480
63,747
124,860
$
$
$
14,771
58,817
73,588
658
$
11,703
35,592
47,295
120
2,231
155
1,072
229
2,094
760
4,972
80,534
166,293
1
7,449
4,138
999
334
-
292
2,012
836
2,841
63,747
118,476
1
1,775
4,081
493
39
165
-
(84)
613
12,201
178,494
$
497
7
83
(60)
-
527
6,384
124,860
$
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
2006
2005
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2004
Revenue
Insurance premiums
Insurance fees
Investment advisory fees
Communications revenue (net)
Net investment income
Realized gain (loss)
Amortization of deferred gain on indemnity reinsurance
Other revenue and fees
Total revenue
Benefits and Expenses
Benefits
Underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses
Communications expense
Interest and debt expense
Total benefits and expenses
Income before Federal income taxes
Federal income taxes
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (net of Federal
income taxes)
Net income
Earnings Per Common Share-Basic
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (net of Federal
income taxes)
Net income
Earnings Per Common Share-Diluted
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (net of Federal
income taxes)
Net income
$
1,406
2,604
328
187
3,981
(3)
76
484
9,063
$
308
1,752
256
-
2,702
(3)
77
383
5,475
$
299
1,600
239
-
2,704
77
88
344
5,351
4,170
2,759
98
225
7,252
1,811
495
1,316
2,332
1,981
-
87
4,400
1,075
244
831
2,243
1,972
-
100
4,315
1,036
304
732
-
1,316
$
-
831
$
(25)
707
$
$
5.21
$
4.80
$
4.15
-
5.21
$
-
4.80
$
(0.14)
4.01
$
$
5.13
$
4.72
$
4.09
-
5.13
$
-
4.72
$
(0.14)
3.95
$
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
119
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
2006
2005
(in millions, except for per share amounts)
2004
Series A Preferred Stock
Balance at beginning-of-year
Conversion into common stock
Balance at end-of-year
Common Stock
Balance at beginning-of-year
Issued for acquisition
Stock compensation/issued for benefit plans
Deferred compensation payable in stock
Retirement of common stock
Balance at end-of-year
Retained Earnings
Balance at beginning-of-year
Comprehensive income
Less other comprehensive income (loss) (net of Federal income tax):
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of
reclassification adjustment
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Minimum pension liability adjustment
Net income
Retirement of common stock
Dividends declared:
Common (2006-$1.535; 2005-$1.475; 2004-$1.415)
Balance at end-of-year
Net Unrealized Gain on Securities Available-for-Sale
Balance at beginning-of-year
Change during the year
Balance at end-of-year
Net Unrealized Gain on Derivative Instruments
Balance at beginning-of-year
Change during the year
Balance at end-of-year
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
Balance at beginning-of-year
Change during the year
Balance at end-of-year
Minimum Pension Liability Adjustment
Balance at beginning-of-year
Change during the year
Balance at end-of-year
Adjustment for adoption of SFAS 158
Total shareholders' equity at end-of-year
1
$
-
1
1
$
-
1
1
$
-
1
1,775
5,632
207
7
(172)
7,449
4,081
1,486
(4)
32
82
60
1,316
(830)
(429)
4,138
497
(4)
493
7
32
39
83
82
165
1,655
-
139
3
(22)
1,775
3,590
428
(326)
(7)
(71)
1
831
(82)
(258)
4,081
823
(326)
497
14
(7)
7
154
(71)
83
1,529
-
149
46
(69)
1,655
3,413
769
30
(8)
45
(5)
707
(281)
(250)
3,590
793
30
823
22
(8)
14
109
45
154
(60)
60
-
(84)
12,201
$
(61)
1
(60)
-
6,384
$
(56)
(5)
(61)
-
6,176
$
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
120
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
-CONTINUED-
Series A Preferred Stock
Balance at beginning-of-year
Conversion into common stock
Balance at end-of-year
Common Stock
Balance at beginning-of-year
Issued for acquisition
Conversion of series A preferred stock
Stock compensation/issued for benefit plans
Retirement of common stock
Balance issued and outstanding at end-of-year
Common stock at end-of-year:
Assuming conversion of preferred stock
Diluted basis
2006
2005
(Number of Shares)
2004
15,515
(2,809)
12,706
16,912
(1,397)
15,515
17,746
(834)
16,912
173,768,078
112,301,906
44,944
6,515,230
(16,877,490)
275,752,668
173,557,730
-
22,352
2,518,996
(2,331,000)
173,768,078
178,212,455
-
13,344
2,943,841
(7,611,910)
173,557,730
275,955,964
280,188,447
174,016,318
176,932,188
173,828,322
176,097,420
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
121
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
2006
2005
(in millions)
2004
$
1,316
$
831
$
707
Deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired
Premiums and fees receivable
Accrued investment income
Policy liabilities and accruals
Net trading securities purchases, sales and maturities
Gain (loss) on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities
Cumulative effect of accounting change
Contractholder funds
Pension plan contribution
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers
Federal income taxes
Stock-based compensation expense
Depreciation
Increase in funds withheld liability
Realized loss on investments and derivative instruments
Gain on sale of subsidiaries/business
Amortization of deferred gain
Other
Net adjustments
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Securities-available-for-sale:
Purchases
Sales
Maturities
Purchase of other investments
Sale or maturity of other investments
Increase in cash collateral on loaned securities
Purchase of Jefferson-Pilot stock, net of cash acquired of $39
Proceeds from sale of subsidiaries/business
Other
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payment of long-term debt
Issuance of long-term debt
Net (decrease) increase in short-term debt
Universal life and investment contract deposits
Universal life and investment contract withdrawals
Investment contract transfers
Common stock issued for benefit plans and excess tax benefits
Retirement of common stock
Dividends paid to shareholders
Net cash used in financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and invested cash
Cash and invested cash at beginning-of-year
Cash and invested cash at end-of-year
(687)
49
15
290
259
(4)
-
1,047
(19)
283
240
53
61
82
7
-
(76)
133
1,733
3,049
(9,951)
6,466
3,344
(573)
189
58
(1,826)
-
28
(2,265)
(397)
(14)
(1)
(942)
(107)
(5)
-
1,889
(95)
141
137
52
78
117
22
(14)
(77)
(407)
377
1,208
(5,869)
4,027
2,368
(1,009)
1,153
45
-
14
(94)
635
(250)
96
(2)
(1,076)
(64)
1
38
1,409
(42)
301
135
55
61
77
57
(135)
(88)
(253)
320
1,027
(9,323)
5,253
2,468
(1,938)
2,188
181
-
174
104
(893)
(178)
2,045
(564)
7,761
(7,497)
(1,821)
166
(1,002)
(385)
(1,475)
(691)
2,312
1,621
$
(241)
-
98
5,156
(4,456)
(1,483)
91
(103)
(255)
(1,193)
650
1,662
2,312
$
(127)
244
(22)
4,928
(3,353)
(1,336)
82
(350)
(249)
(183)
(49)
1,711
1,662
$
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
122
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation. Lincoln National Corporation and its majority-owned subsidiaries (“LNC” or the “Company,”
which also may be referred to as “we”, “our” or “us”) operate multiple insurance and investment management businesses as well as
a broadcasting and sports programming business through seven business segments (see Note 12). The collective group of
businesses uses “Lincoln Financial Group” as its marketing identity. Through our business segments, we sell a wide range of
wealth protection, accumulation and retirement income products and solutions. These products include institutional and/or retail
fixed and indexed annuities, variable annuities, universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, term life insurance, mutual
funds, “529” college savings plans and managed accounts.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). On April 3, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation
(“Jefferson-Pilot”), and have included the results of operations and financial condition of Jefferson-Pilot in our consolidated
financial statements beginning on April 3, 2006 (see Note 3). The consolidated financial statements for the years ended December
31, 2005 and 2004 exclude the results of operations and financial condition of Jefferson-Pilot. The insurance subsidiaries also
submit financial statements to insurance industry regulatory authorities. Those financial statements are prepared on the basis of
statutory accounting practices (SAP) and are significantly different from financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.
See Note 10. Certain GAAP policies, which significantly affect the determination of financial position, results of operations and
cash flows, are summarized below.
Principles of Consolidation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lincoln
National Corporation and all other entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany accounts
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The carrying value of our equity investments that we account for using the equity method on the Consolidated Balance
Sheets and equity in earnings on the Consolidated Statements of Income is not material. We do not consolidate these investments
because we do not exercise significant management influence over any of the underlying entities.
The following affiliated trusts are variable interest entities (“VIEs”): Lincoln National Capital VI, Jefferson-Pilot Capital
Trust A, Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust B and Jefferson-Pilot Life Funding Trust I. VIEs are defined by Financial Accounting
Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 46 (Revised), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation
of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51” (“FIN 46(R)”). We are not the primary beneficiary of these affiliated trusts and do not
have a controlling financial interest. Accordingly, under FIN 46(R), the accounts of these entities are not included in our
consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Estimates and Assumptions. The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent assets and
liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses for the reporting period.
Those estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from those estimates. Included among the material
(or potentially material) reported amounts and disclosures that require extensive use of estimates are: fair value of certain invested
assets and derivatives, asset valuation allowances, deferred policy acquisition costs, goodwill, value of business acquired, insurance
and investment contract liabilities, deferred front end loads, pension plans, income taxes and the potential effects of resolving
litigated matters.
Business Combinations. For all business combination transactions initiated after June 30, 2001, the purchase method of
accounting has been used, and accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the acquired company have been recorded at their estimated
fair values as of the merger date. The fair values are subject to adjustment of the initial allocation for a one-year period as more
information relative to the fair values as of the acquisition date becomes available. The consolidated financial statements include
the results of operations of any acquired company since the acquisition date.
Investments. Securities available-for-sale consist of fixed maturity and equity securities, which are stated at fair value with
net unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes and
adjustments to deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and value of business acquired (“VOBA”). Fair value is based on quoted
market prices from observable market data or estimated using an internal pricing matrix for privately placed securities when quoted
market prices are not available. This matrix relies on management’s judgment concerning: 1) the discount rate used in calculating
expected future cash flows; 2) credit quality; 3) industry sector performance; and 4) expected maturity. Under certain
123
circumstances, we apply professional judgment and make adjustments based upon specific detailed information concerning the
issuer. The cost of available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities is reduced to fair value with a corresponding charge to
realized loss on investments for declines in value that are other-than-temporary.
Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on
investments in debt securities are reflected in earnings over the contractual terms of the investments in a manner that produces a
constant effective yield. Investment securities are regularly reviewed for impairment based on criteria that include the extent to
which cost exceeds market value, the duration of the market decline, and the financial health of and specific prospects for the
issuer. Unrealized losses that are considered to be other-than-temporary are recognized in realized gains and losses with a
corresponding reduction in the cost of available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities. See Note 4 for further discussion of
the Company’s policies regarding identification of other-than-temporary impairments.
Trading securities consist of fixed maturity and equity securities in designated portfolios, which support modified
coinsurance (“Modco”) and coinsurance with funds withheld (“CFW”) reinsurance arrangements. Investment results for these
portfolios, including gains and losses from sales, are passed directly to the reinsurers through the contractual terms of the
reinsurance arrangements. Trading securities are carried at fair value and changes in fair value are recorded in net income as they
occur. Offsetting these amounts are corresponding changes in the fair value of embedded derivative liabilities associated with the
underlying reinsurance arrangements.
For the mortgage-backed securities portion of the trading and available-for-sale fixed maturity securities portfolios, we
recognize investment income using a constant effective yield based on anticipated prepayments and the estimated economic life of
the securities. When estimates of prepayments change, the effective yield is recalculated to reflect actual payments to date and
anticipated future payments. When the effective yield changes, the carrying value of the security is adjusted prospectively. This
adjustment is reflected in net investment income.
Mortgage loans on real estate, which are primarily held in the Individual Markets Life and Annuities segments and the
Employer Markets Defined Contribution and Executive Benefits segments, are carried at the outstanding principal balances
adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts and are net of valuation allowances. Valuation allowances are
established for the excess carrying value of the mortgage loan over its estimated fair value when it is probable that, based upon
current information and events, we will be unable to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement.
When we determine that a loan is impaired, the cost is adjusted or a provision for loss is established equal to the difference
between the amortized cost of the mortgage loan and the estimated value. Estimated value is based on: 1) the present value of
expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; 2) the loan’s observable market price; or 3) the fair value
of the collateral. Mortgage loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for losses and subsequent
recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance for losses. The net provision for losses is reported as realized gain (loss) on
investments. Interest income on mortgage loans includes interest collected, the change in accrued interest, and amortization of
premiums and discounts. Mortgage loan fees and costs are recorded in net investment income as they are incurred.
Investment real estate is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over
the estimated useful life of the asset. Cost is adjusted for impairment when the projected undiscounted cash flow from the
investment is less than the carrying value. Impaired real estate is written down to the estimated fair value of the real estate, which
is generally computed using the present value of expected future cash flows from the real estate discounted at a rate commensurate
with the underlying risks. Also, valuation allowances for losses are established, as appropriate, for real estate holdings that are in
the process of being sold. Real estate acquired through foreclosure proceedings are reclassified on the balance sheet from
mortgage loans on real estate to real estate and is recorded at fair value at the settlement date, which establishes a new cost basis. If
a subsequent periodic review of a foreclosed property indicates the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, is lower than the carrying
value at settlement date, the carrying value is adjusted to the lower amount. Write-downs to real estate and any changes to the
reserves on real estate are reported as realized gain (loss) on investments.
Policy loans are carried at aggregate unpaid balances.
Realized gain (loss) on investments includes realized gains and (losses) from the sale of investments, derivative gains (losses),
gains on sale of subsidiaries/business, and net gain on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities. See Note 4 for
additional detail. Realized gain (loss) on investments is recognized in net income, net of associated amortization of deferred
acquisition costs and investment expenses, using the specific identification method. Changes in the fair values of available-for-sale
securities carried at fair value are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, after deductions for
related adjustments for deferred acquisition costs and amounts required to satisfy policyholder commitments that would have been
recorded had these securities been sold at their fair value, and after deferred taxes or credits to the extent deemed recoverable.
124
Derivative Instruments. We hedge certain portions of our exposure to interest rate risk, credit risk, foreign exchange risk
and equity fluctuation risk by entering into derivative transactions. A description of our accounting for the hedging of such risks is
discussed in the following paragraphs.
We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The
accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part
of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and
qualify as hedging instruments, we must designate the hedging instrument based upon the exposure being hedged—as a cash flow
hedge, fair value hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had
derivative instruments that were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges, foreign currency hedges and fair value hedges. In
addition, we had derivative instruments that were economic hedges, but were not designated as hedging instruments under
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”
(“SFAS 133”).
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on
the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and reclassified into net income in
the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects net income. The remaining gain or loss on the derivative
instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of designated future cash flows of the hedged item (hedge
ineffectiveness), if any, is recognized in net income during the period of change. For derivative instruments that are designated and
qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item
attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in net income during the period of change in fair values. For derivative instruments
that are designated and qualify as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, the gain or loss is reported in OCI as part of
the cumulative translation adjustment to the extent it is effective. For derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
but are economic hedges, the gain or loss is recognized in current income during the period of change in the corresponding income
statement line as the transaction being hedged.
We have a hedging strategy designed to mitigate the risk and income statement volatility caused by changes in the equity
markets, interest rates, and volatility associated with the Lincoln Smart SecuritySM Advantage guaranteed minimum withdrawal
benefits (“GMWB”) feature and our i4LIFE® Advantage guaranteed income benefits (“GIB”) feature that is available in our
variable annuity products. This GMWB feature offers the contractholder a guarantee equal to the initial deposit adjusted for any
subsequent purchase payments or withdrawals. There are one-year and five-year step-up options, which allow the contractholder
to step up the guarantee. GMWB features are considered to be derivatives under SFAS 133, resulting in the guarantees being
recognized at fair value, with changes in fair value being reported in net income. The hedging strategy is designed such that
changes in the value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite direction of changes in the value of the embedded derivative of
the GMWB and GIB. As part of our current hedging program, policyholder behavior and equity, interest rate, and volatility
market conditions are monitored on a daily basis. We rebalance our hedge positions based upon changes in these factors as
needed. While we actively manage our hedge positions, our hedge positions may not be totally effective to offset changes in assets
and liabilities caused by movements in these factors due to, among other things, differences in timing between when a market
exposure changes and corresponding changes to the hedge positions, extreme swings in the equity markets and interest rates,
market volatility, policyholder behavior, divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the hedging indices,
divergence between the actual and expected performance of the hedge instruments, or our ability to purchase hedging instruments
at prices consistent with our desired risk and return trade-off.
We have certain Modco and CFW reinsurance arrangements with embedded derivatives related to the funds withheld assets.
These derivatives are considered total return swaps with contractual returns that are attributable to various assets and liabilities
associated with these reinsurance arrangements. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in net income as they
occur. Offsetting these amounts are corresponding changes in the fair value of trading securities in portfolios that support these
arrangements.
See Note 10 for further discussion of our accounting policy for derivative instruments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and invested cash are carried at cost and include all highly liquid debt instruments
purchased with a maturity of three months or less.
Deferred Acquisition Costs, Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Front-End Loads, and Deferred Sales
Inducements. Commissions and other costs of acquiring universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, unit-linked
products, traditional life insurance, annuities and other investment contracts, which vary with and are primarily related to the
production of new business, have been deferred to the extent recoverable. The methodology for determining the amortization of
125
acquisition costs varies by product type based on two different accounting pronouncements: SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and
Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of
Investments” (“SFAS 97”) and SFAS No. 60, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises” (“SFAS 60”). Under SFAS
97, acquisition costs for universal life and variable universal life insurance and investment-type products, which include unit-linked
products and fixed and variable deferred annuities, are amortized over the lives of the policies in relation to the incidence of
estimated gross profits (“EGPs”) from surrender charges, investment, mortality net of reinsurance ceded and expense margins, and
actual realized gain (loss) on investments. Past amortization amounts are adjusted when revisions are made to the estimates of
current or future gross profits expected from a group of products. Policy lives for universal and variable universal life policies are
estimated to be 30 years, based on the expected lives of the policies and are variable based on the inception of each policy for unit-
linked policies. Policy lives for fixed and variable deferred annuities are 14 to 20 years for the traditional, long surrender charge
period products and 8 to 10 years for the more recent short-term, or no surrender charge variable products. The front-end load
annuity product has an assumed life of 25 years. Longer lives are assigned to those blocks that have demonstrated favorable
experience.
Under SFAS 60, acquisition costs for traditional life insurance products, which include individual whole life, group business
and term life insurance contracts, are amortized over periods of 10 to 30 years on either a straight-line basis or as a level percent of
premium of the related policies depending on the block of business. There is currently no DAC being amortized under SFAS 60
for fixed and variable payout annuities.
For all SFAS 97 and SFAS 60 policies, amortization is based on assumptions consistent with those used in the development
of the underlying policy form adjusted for emerging experience and expected trends.
VOBA is amortized over the expected lives of the block of insurance business in relation to the incidence of estimated
profits expected to be generated on universal life, variable universal life and investment-type products, (i.e., unit-linked products
and variable deferred annuities) and over the premium paying period for insurance products, (i.e., traditional life insurance
products). Amortization is based upon assumptions used in pricing the acquisition of the block of business and is adjusted for
emerging experience. Accordingly, amortization periods and methods of amortization for VOBA vary depending upon the
particular characteristics of the underlying blocks of acquired insurance business. VOBA is amortized in a manner consistent with
DAC.
The carrying amounts of DAC and VOBA are adjusted for the effect of realized gains and losses and the effects of
unrealized gains and losses on debt securities classified as available-for-sale. Amortization expense of DAC and VOBA reflects an
assumption for an expected level of credit-related investment losses. When actual credit-related investment losses are realized, we
recognize a true-up to our DAC and VOBA amortization within realized gains and losses reflecting the incremental impact of
actual versus expected credit-related investment losses. These actual to expected amortization adjustments can create volatility in
net realized gains and losses.
Bonus credits and excess interest for dollar cost averaging (“DCA”) contracts are considered sales inducements and are
deferred as a sales inducement asset (referred to as “deferred sales inducements” or “DSI”), and the unamortized balance is
reported in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. DSI is amortized as a benefit expense over the expected life of the
contract. Amortization is computed using the same methodology and assumptions used in amortizing DAC.
Policy sales charges that are collected in the early years of an insurance policy are deferred (referred to as “deferred front-end
loads” or “DFEL”) and are amortized into income over the life of the policy in a manner consistent with that used for DAC.
DFEL is reported within the investment contract and policyholder funds caption of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferral
and amortization of DFEL is reported within insurance fees in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
During the third quarter of each year, we conduct our annual comprehensive review of the assumptions underlying the
amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL. We review the various assumptions including investment margins, mortality and
retention. These assumptions also impact the reserves for the guarantee features within our variable annuity and life insurance
products. In addition to the annual review of assumptions, if factors or trends indicate that actual experience varies significantly
from these assumptions, adjustments are made in the quarter in which the evaluation of the respective blocks of business is
completed. The effects of changes in estimated future gross profits on unamortized DAC and VOBA, referred to as prospective
unlocking, are reflected in amortization expense within the consolidated statements of income. Prospective unlocking affecting
DSI are reflected in benefits expense and affecting DFEL are included in insurance fees within the Consolidated Statements of
Income.
DAC and VOBA are reviewed periodically to determine that the unamortized portion does not exceed the expected
recoverable amounts. No significant impairments occurred during the years ending December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.
126
Reinsurance. Our insurance companies enter into reinsurance agreements with other companies in the normal course of
their business. Assets and liabilities and premiums and benefits from certain reinsurance contracts that grant statutory surplus
relief to other insurance companies are netted on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Statements of Income, respectively, since
there is a right of offset. All other reinsurance agreements are reported on a gross basis in the balance sheets as an asset for
amounts recoverable from reinsurers or as a component of other liabilities for amounts, such as premiums, owed to the reinsurers,
with the exception of Modco agreements for which the right of offset also exists.
Goodwill. We recognize the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired as goodwill. Goodwill is
not amortized, but is reviewed for indications of value impairment, with consideration given to financial performance and other
relevant factors. In addition, certain events including a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate, an
adverse action or assessment by a regulator, or unanticipated competition would cause us to review the carrying amounts of
goodwill for impairment. When considered impaired, the carrying amounts are written down using a combination of fair value and
discounted cash flows. No impairments occurred during the three years ending December 31, 2006.
Other Intangible Assets. Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization are reported in other assets. The carrying
values of other intangible assets is reviewed periodically for indicators of impairment in value that are other-than-temporary,
including unexpected or adverse changes in the following: (1) the economic or competitive environments in which the company
operates, (2) profitability analyses, (3) cash flow analyses, and (4) the fair value of the relevant business operation. If there was an
indication of impairment, then the cash flow method would be used to measure the impairment, and the carrying value would be
adjusted as necessary.
Other intangible assets for our Investment Management segment that we acquired include institutional customer
relationships, covenants not to compete and mutual fund customer relationships. These assets are required to be amortized on a
straight-line basis over their useful life for periods ranging from 9 to 15 years depending upon the characteristics of the particular
underlying relationships for the intangible asset.
Other intangible assets in our Lincoln Financial Media segment include Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”)
licenses, sports production rights, network affiliation agreements and other agreements. The FCC licenses are not amortized. Film
and program rights result from license agreements under which we have acquired rights to broadcast certain television program
material. The film and program rights are stated at cost less amortization. The cost of rights acquired is recorded as an asset in
other assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. An offsetting liability is recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance
Sheets when the cost is known or reasonably determinable, and the program material has been accepted and made available for
broadcast. Amortization is determined using both straight-line and accelerated methods based on the terms of the license
agreements.
Sales force intangibles are attributable to the value of the distribution system acquired in the Individual Markets – Life
Insurance segment. These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful life of 25 years.
Property and Equipment. Property and equipment owned for company use is included in other assets in our Consolidated
Balance Sheets and is carried at cost less allowances for depreciation. Provisions for depreciation of investment real estate and
property and equipment owned for company use are computed principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful
lives of the assets which include buildings, computer hardware and software and other property and equipment.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. We periodically review the carrying value of our long-lived assets, including property
and equipment, for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully
recoverable. For long-lived assets to be held and used, impairments are recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset
is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of
the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. An impairment loss is measured
as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds its fair value.
Long-lived assets to be disposed of by abandonment or in an exchange for a similar productive long-lived asset are classified
as held for use until disposed of.
Long-lived assets to be sold are classified as held for sale and are no longer depreciated. Certain criteria have to be met in
order for the long-lived asset to be classified as held for sale, including that a sale is probable and expected to occur within one
year. Long-lived assets classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.
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Assets Held in Separate Accounts/Liabilities Related to Separate Accounts. Assets and liabilities related to separate
accounts represent segregated funds administered and invested by our insurance subsidiaries for the exclusive benefit of pension
and variable life and annuity contractholders and for unit-linked accounts of our U.K. subsidiaries. Both the assets and liabilities
are carried at fair value. The fees earned by our insurance subsidiaries for administrative and contractholder maintenance services
performed for these separate accounts are included in insurance fee revenue.
Insurance and Investment Contract Liabilities. The liabilities for future policy benefits and claim reserves for universal
and variable universal life insurance policies consist of policy account balances that accrue to the benefit of the policyholders,
excluding surrender charges. The liabilities for future insurance policy benefits and claim reserves for traditional life policies are
computed using assumptions for investment yields, mortality and withdrawals based principally on generally accepted actuarial
methods and assumptions at the time of policy issue. Investment yield assumptions for traditional direct individual life reserves for
all policies range from 2.25% to 7.00% depending on the time of policy issue. The investment yield assumptions for immediate
and deferred paid-up annuities range from 0.75% to 13.50%. These investment yield assumptions are intended to represent an
estimation of the interest rate experience for the period that these policy benefits are payable.
The liabilities for future claim reserves for variable annuity products containing guaranteed minimum death benefits
(“GMDB”) features are calculated by multiplying the benefit ratio (present value of total expected GMDB payments over the life
of the contract divided by the present value of total expected assessments over the life of the contract) by the cumulative
assessments recorded from the contract inception through the balance sheet date less the cumulative GMDB payments plus
interest. The change in the reserve for a period is the benefit ratio multiplied by the assessments recorded for the period less
GMDB claims paid in the period plus interest. If experience or assumption changes result in a new benefit ratio, the reserves are
unlocked to reflect the changes in a manner similar to DAC.
With respect to our insurance and investment contract liabilities, we continually review: 1) overall reserve position; 2)
reserving techniques and 3) reinsurance arrangements. As experience develops and new information becomes known, liabilities are
adjusted as deemed necessary. The effects of changes in estimates are included in the operating results for the period in which
such changes occur.
The business written or assumed by us includes participating life insurance contracts, under which the policyholder is entitled
to share in the earnings of such contracts via receipt of dividends. The dividend scale for participating policies is reviewed annually
and may be adjusted to reflect recent experience and future expectations. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, participating policies
comprised approximately 1% of the face amount of insurance in force, and dividend expenses were $88 million, $80 million and
$82 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Universal life and variable universal life products with secondary guarantees represented approximately 26% of permanent
life insurance in-force at December 31, 2006 and approximately 73% of sales for these products in 2006. Liabilities for the
secondary guarantees on universal life-type products are calculated by multiplying the benefit ratio (present value of total expected
secondary guarantee benefits over the life of the contract divided by the present value of total expected assessments over the life of
the contract) by the cumulative assessments recorded from contract inception through the balance sheet date less the cumulative
secondary guarantee benefit payments plus interest. If experience or assumption changes result in a new benefit ratio, the reserves
are unlocked to reflect the changes in a manner similar to DAC, VOBA, DFEL and DSI. The accounting for secondary guarantee
benefits impacts, and is impacted by, EGPs used to calculate amortization of DAC, VOBA, DFEL and DSI.
Loaned Securities. Securities loaned are treated as collateralized financing transactions and a liability is recorded equal to
the cash collateral received which is typically greater than the market value of the related securities loaned. This liability is included
within other liabilities within our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our agreements with third parties generally contain contractual
provisions to allow for additional collateral to be obtained when necessary. We value collateral daily and obtain additional collateral
when deemed appropriate.
Borrowed Funds. LNC’s short-term borrowings are defined as borrowings with contractual or expected maturities of one
year or less. Long-term borrowings have contractual or expected maturities greater than one year. Any premium or discount on
borrowed funds is amortized over the term of the borrowings.
Commitments and Contingencies. Contingencies arising from environmental remediation costs, regulatory judgments,
claims, assessments, guarantees, litigation, recourse reserves, fines, penalties and other sources are recorded when deemed probable
and estimable.
Premiums and Fees on Investment Products and Universal Life Insurance Products. Investment products consist
primarily of individual and group variable and fixed deferred annuities. Universal life insurance products include universal life
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insurance, variable universal life insurance, and other interest-sensitive life insurance policies. These products include life insurance
sold to individuals, corporate-owned life insurance and bank-owned life insurance. Revenues for investment products and
universal life insurance products consist of net investment income, asset based fees, cost of insurance charges, percent of premium
charges, policy administration charges and surrender charges that have been assessed and earned against policy account balances
and premiums received during the period. The timing of revenue recognition as it relates to fees assessed on investment contracts
is determined based on the nature of such fees. Asset based fees, cost of insurance and policy administration charges are assessed
on a daily or monthly basis and recognized as revenue when assessed and earned. Percent of premium charges are assessed at the
time of premium payment and recognized as revenue when assessed and earned. Certain amounts assessed that represent
compensation for services to be provided in future periods are reported as unearned revenue and recognized in income over the
periods benefited. Surrender charges are recognized upon surrender of a contract by the contractholder in accordance with
contractual terms.
Premiums on Traditional Life Insurance Products. Traditional life insurance products include those products with fixed
and guaranteed premiums and benefits and consist primarily of whole life insurance, limited-payment life insurance, term life
insurance and certain annuities with life contingencies. Premiums for traditional life insurance products are recognized as revenue
when due from the policyholder.
Investment Advisory Fees. As specified in the investment advisory agreements with the mutual funds, fees are generally
determined and recognized as revenues monthly, based on the average daily net assets of the mutual funds managed. Investment
advisory contracts with non-mutual fund clients generally provide for the determination and payment of advisory fees based on
market values of managed portfolios at the end of a calendar month or quarter, or the average of the market values at the
beginning and end of the monthly or quarterly period. Investment management and advisory contracts typically are renewable
annually by the fund’s board. Contracts with non-mutual fund clients normally continue until terminated by either party or at the
end of a specified term and often have cancellation clauses ranging up to 30 to 180 days. Investment advisory fees include
amounts that are ultimately paid to sub-advisors for managing the sub-advised assets. The amounts paid to sub-advisors are
generally included in benefits and expenses.
Communications Revenue. Communications sales are recognized as earned and are presented net of agency and
representative commissions.
Other Revenue and Fees. Other revenue and fees primarily consist of amounts earned by our retail distributor, Lincoln
Financial Advisors (“LFA”), from sales of third party insurance and investment products. Such revenue is recorded as earned at
the time of sale. Other revenues and fees also include revenues from our Individual Markets – Life Insurance, Investment
Management and Lincoln UK segments not captured in other components of revenue.
Benefits and Expenses. Benefits and expenses for universal life and other interest-sensitive life insurance products include
interest credited to policy account balances and benefit claims incurred during the period in excess of policy account balances.
Interest crediting rates associated with funds invested in the general account of LNC’s insurance subsidiaries during 2004 through
2006 ranged from 4.00% to 7.00%. For traditional life, group health and disability income products, benefits and expenses, other
than DAC and VOBA, are recognized when incurred in a manner consistent with the related premium recognition policies.
Benefits and expenses includes the change in reserves for life insurance products with secondary guarantee benefits and annuity
products with guaranteed benefits, such as GMDB, and the change in fair values of guarantees for annuity products with GMWB
and GIB.
Interest and debt expense includes interest on short-term commercial paper, long-term senior debt that we issue and junior
subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans. Pursuant to the accounting rules for our obligations to employees
under our various pension and other postretirement benefit plans, we are required to make a number of assumptions to estimate
related liabilities and expenses. We use assumptions for the weighted-average discount rate, expected return on plan assets and a
salary increase assumption to estimate pension expense. The discount rate assumptions are determined using an analysis of current
market information and the projected benefit flows associated with these plans. The expected long-term rate of return on plan
assets is initially established at the beginning of the plan year based on historical and projected future rates of return and is the
average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested or to be invested in the plan. The calculation of our accumulated
postretirement benefit obligation also uses an assumption of weighted-average annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of
covered benefits, which reflects a health care cost trend rate. See Note 8 for more information on our accounting for employee
benefit plans.
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Stock-Based Compensation. We expense the fair value of stock awards included in our incentive compensation plans. On
the date our Board of Directors approves stock awards, the fair value of stock options is determined using a Black-Scholes options
valuation methodology. The fair value of other stock awards is based upon the market value of the stock. The fair value of the
awards is expensed over the service period, which generally corresponds to the vesting period, and is recognized as an increase to
common stock in shareholders’ equity. Stock-based compensation expense is reflected in underwriting, acquisition, insurance and
other expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. For additional information on stock-based incentive compensation see
Note 9.
Advertising. We expense the cost of producing and disseminating company advertising as incurred.
Foreign Currency Translation. Our foreign subsidiaries’ balance sheet accounts and income statement items are translated
at the current and average exchange rates for the year, respectively. Resulting translation adjustments are reported as a component
of shareholders’ equity. Other translation adjustments for foreign currency transactions that affect cash flows are reported in
comprehensive income.
Income Taxes. We file a U.S. consolidated income tax return that includes all of our eligible subsidiaries. Deferred income
taxes are recognized when assets and liabilities have different values for financial statement and tax reporting purposes. A
valuation allowance is recorded to the extent required to reduce the deferred tax asset to an amount that we expect, more likely
than not, will be realized. See Note 5 for additional information.
Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing earnings available to common shareholders by the
average common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed assuming the conversion or exercise of dilutive
convertible preferred securities, non-vested stock, stock options, performance share units and deferred compensation shares
outstanding during the year.
Reclassifications. Certain amounts reported in prior years’ consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to
conform to the presentation adopted in the current year. These reclassifications have no effect on net income or shareholders’
equity of the prior years.
2. Changes in Accounting Principles and Changes in Estimates
Statement of Position 03-1 – Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Nontraditional Long-
Duration Contracts and for Separate Accounts. Effective January 1, 2004, we implemented the provisions of AICPA SOP 03-
1, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Nontraditional Long-Duration Contracts and for Separate
Accounts” (“SOP 03-1”). Adjustments arising from implementation, as discussed below, were recorded in net income as a
cumulative effect of accounting change.
Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefit Reserves. Although there was no method prescribed under GAAP for GMDB reserving until
the issuance of SOP 03-1, our Individual Annuities segment had been recording a reserve for GMDBs. At December 31, 2003,
our GMDB reserve was $46 million. Adoption of the GMDB reserving methodology under SOP 03-1 resulted in a decrease to
reserves of $10 million pre-tax. Reserves for GMDBs were $23 million and $15 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
Application of SOP 03-1 impacts EGPs used to calculate amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI, and the liability for DFEL.
The benefit ratio approach under SOP 03-1 results in a portion of future GMDB fees being accrued as a liability for future GMDB
reserves. As a result, the EGPs used in our determination of DAC amortization are lower under SOP 03-1. Therefore upon
adoption of SOP 03-1 we reported an unfavorable DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL unlocking as a negative cumulative effect
adjustment of $43 million pre-tax in 2004.
The combined effects of the GMDB reserve requirements and related unlocking adjustments from implementation of SOP
03-1 resulted in a charge to net income for the cumulative effect of accounting change of $34 million pre-tax ($22 million after-tax)
in 2004.
Sales Inducements. Our Individual Annuities segment variable annuity product offerings include contracts that offer a bonus
credit, typically ranging from 2% to 5% of each deposit. We also offer enhanced interest rates to variable annuity contracts that are
under DCA funding arrangements. Bonus credits and excess DCA interest are considered sales inducements under SOP 03-1 and,
as such, are to be deferred as a sales inducement asset and amortized as a benefit expense over the expected life of the contract.
Amortization is computed using the same methodology and assumptions used in amortizing DAC, VOBA and DFEL.
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We previously deferred bonus credits as part of the DAC asset and reported the amortization of bonus credits as part of
DAC amortization. Upon implementation of SOP 03-1, we reclassified bonus credits of $45 million from DAC to DSI, which are
reported in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of the DSI asset is reported as part of benefit expense.
Prior period balance sheet and income statement line item presentation has been reclassified to conform to the new basis of
presentation.
We previously reported excess DCA interest as benefit expense when the excess interest was earned under the contract. As
required by SOP 03-1, during the first quarter of 2004, we began deferring excess DCA interest as DSI and amortizing this DSI as
benefit expense over the expected life of the contract. Over the long run the same amount of excess DCA interest expense will
emerge under SOP 03-1 as under our previous accounting method. However, due to the prospective treatment of new DSI, our
net income was $8 million higher under SOP 03-1 in 2004 relative to the approach used in 2003.
Universal Life Contracts. Our Individual Markets - Life Insurance segment offers an array of individual and survivor-life
universal life insurance products that contain features for which SOP 03-1 might apply. A review of the products and their
features for possible SOP implications concluded that no additional reserves were necessary with the exception of the
MoneyGuard® product. MoneyGuard® is a universal life insurance product with an acceleration of death benefit feature that
provides convalescent care benefit payments when the insured becomes chronically ill. There is an optional extension of benefit
rider available that will provide continuation of the convalescent care benefit payments once the total benefits from the base policy
have been exhausted. The optional extended benefit payments can be for 2 years, 4 years, or the remaining life of the insured.
Charges for the extension rider are deducted from the base policy account value and vary by the length of extension period
selected. The adoption of SOP 03-1 in 2004 resulted in a charge recorded as a cumulative effect of accounting change of $4
million pre-tax ($3 million after-tax) for the extension of benefit feature in MoneyGuard®.
SFAS No. 123(R) – Share-Based Payment. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-
Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”), which is a revision of SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”).
SFAS 123(R) requires us to recognize at fair value all costs resulting from share-based payments to employees, except for equity
instruments held by employee share ownership plans. Similar to SFAS 123, under SFAS 123(R), the fair value of share-based
payments are recognized as a reduction to earnings over the period an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the
award. We had previously adopted the retroactive restatement method under SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-based
Compensation – Transition and Disclosure,” and restated all periods presented to reflect stock-based employee compensation cost
under the fair value accounting method for all employee awards granted, modified or settled in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 1994.
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS 123(R), using the modified prospective transition method. Under that transition
method, compensation cost recognized in 2006 includes: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to but
not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of
SFAS 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date
fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R). Results from prior periods have not been restated. The
adoption of SFAS 123(R) did not have a material effect on our income before Federal income taxes, net income and basic and
diluted earnings per share.
SFAS 123(R) eliminates the alternative under SFAS 123 permitting the recognition of forfeitures as they occur. Expected
forfeitures, resulting from the failure to satisfy service or performance conditions, must be estimated at the grant date, thereby
recognizing compensation expense only for those awards expected to vest. In accordance with SFAS 123(R), we have included
estimated forfeitures in the determination of compensation costs for all share-based payments. Estimates of expected forfeitures
must be reevaluated at each balance sheet date, and any change in the estimate recognized retrospectively in net income in the
period of the revised estimate.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), we presented all tax benefits of deductions resulting from the exercise of stock
options as operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. SFAS 123(R) requires the cash flows from tax
benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation costs recognized to be classified as financing cash flows. Our
excess tax benefits are classified as financing cash flows, prospectively, in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year
ended December 31, 2006.
We issue share-based compensation awards under an authorized plan, subject to specific vesting conditions. Generally,
compensation expense is recognized ratably over a three-year vesting period, but recognition may be accelerated upon the
occurrence of certain events. For awards that specify an employee will vest upon retirement and an employee is eligible to retire
before the end of the normal vesting period, we record compensation expense over the period from the grant date to the date of
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retirement eligibility. As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R), we have revised the prior method of recording unrecognized
compensation expense upon retirement and use the non-substantive vesting period approach for all new share-based awards
granted after January 1, 2006. Under the non-substantive vesting period approach, we recognize compensation cost immediately
for awards granted to retirement-eligible employees, or ratably over a period from the grant date to the date retirement eligibility is
achieved. If we would have applied the non-substantive vesting period approach to all share based compensation awards granted
prior to January 1, 2006, it would not have a material effect on our results of operations or financial position.
See Note 9 for more information regarding our stock-based compensation plans.
FASB Staff Position 115-1 – The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain
Investments. In November 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, “The Meaning of
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments” (“FSP 115-1”). The guidance in FSP 115-1
nullifies the accounting and measurement provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force No. 03-1 – “The Meaning of Other-Than-
Temporary Impairments and Its Application to Certain Investments” references existing guidance, and supersedes EITF Topic
No. D-44 “Recognition of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment upon the Planned Sale of a Security Whose Cost Exceeds Fair
Value.” FSP 115-1 was effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005, on a prospective basis. Our existing
policy for recognizing other-than-temporary impairments is consistent with the guidance in FSP 115-1, and includes the
recognition of other than temporary impairments of securities resulting from credit related issues as well as declines in fair value
related to rising interest rates, where we do not have the intent to hold the securities until either maturity or recovery. We adopted
FSP 115-1 effective January 1, 2006. The adoption of FSP 115-1 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial
condition or results of operations.
SFAS No. 158 – Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an
amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R). In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158,
“Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an amendment of FASB Statements No.
87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (“SFAS 158”). The guidance requires us to recognize on the balance sheets the funded status of our
defined benefit postretirement plans as either an asset or liability, depending on the plans’ funded status, with changes in the
funded status recognized through other comprehensive income. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair
value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, for pension plans, or the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation for postretirement benefit plans. Prior service costs or credits and net gains or losses which are not recognized in
current net periodic benefit cost, pursuant to SFAS No. 87, “Employers’ Account for Pensions” or SFAS No. 106, “Employers’
Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,” must be recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax, in
the period in which they occur. As these items are recognized in net periodic benefit cost, the amounts accumulated in other
comprehensive income are adjusted. Under SFAS 158, disclosure requirements have also been expanded to separately provide
information on the prior service costs or credits and net gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income and their
effects on net periodic benefit costs. Retroactive application of SFAS 158 is not permitted. We applied the recognition provisions
of SFAS 158 as of December 31, 2006. See Note 8 for more information regarding our adoption of SFAS 158.
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 – Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying
Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements. In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission staff
issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying
Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides guidance for evaluating the effects of prior
year uncorrected errors when quantifying misstatements in the current year financial statements. Under SAB 108, the impact of
correcting misstatements occurring in the current period and those that have accumulated over prior periods must both be
considered when quantifying the impact of misstatements in current period financial statements. SAB 108 is effective for fiscal
years ending after November 15, 2006, and may be adopted by either restating prior financial statements or recording the
cumulative effect of initially applying the approach as adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities as of January 1,
2006, with an offsetting adjustment to retained earnings. We adopted the provisions of SAB 108 as of December 31, 2006. The
adoption of SAB 108 did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Statement of Position 05-1 – Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection
with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts. In September 2005, the Accounting Standards Executive
Committee of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) issued Statement of Position (“SOP”) 05-1,
“Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of
Insurance Contracts” (“SOP 05-1”). SOP 05-1 addresses the accounting for Deferred Acquisition Costs (“DAC”) on internal
replacements other than those described in SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-
Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments.” An internal replacement is defined by SOP
05-1 as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by (a) exchanging the contract for a new
contract, (b) amending, endorsing or attaching a rider to the contract, or (c) electing a feature or coverage within a contract.
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Contract modifications that result in a substantially unchanged contract will be accounted for as a continuation of the replaced
contract. Contract modifications that result in a substantially changed contract should be accounted for as an extinguishment of
the replaced contract, and any unamortized DAC, unearned revenue and deferred sales charges must be written-off. SOP 05-1 is
to be applied prospectively and is effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006.
We will adopt this new accounting guidance effective January 1, 2007, primarily impacting our Individual Markets Annuities
and our Employer Markets Group Protection businesses. The adoption of this new guidance impacts our assumptions for
lapsation used in the amortization of DAC and VOBA. We estimate that our adoption will result in a reduction to our DAC and
VOBA balances between $75 million to $100 million pre-tax, which will be recorded as a reduction to retained earnings. SOP 05-1
is expected to prospectively increase DAC and VOBA amortization in 2007. Our preliminary estimates are based upon our
interpretation of SOP 05-1 and the proposed implementation guidance. We continue to analyze the impact on DAC and VOBA
amortization and are currently evaluating the effect of a Technical Practice Aide (“TPA”) issued in February 2007. As a result, the
actual impact of the adoption of SOP 05-1 may differ significantly from our preliminary estimates as the issuance of new
implementation guidance and evolving industry practice may affect our interpretation and implementation.
SFAS No. 155 – Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – an amendment of FASB Statements No.
133 and 140. In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – an
amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (“SFAS 155”), which permits fair value remeasurement for a hybrid financial
instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation. Under SFAS 155, an entity may make
an irrevocable election to measure a hybrid financial instrument at fair value, in its entirety, with changes in fair value recognized in
earnings. SFAS 155 also: (a) clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of
SFAS 133; (b) eliminates the interim guidance in SFAS 133 Implementation Issue No. D1, “Application of Statement 133 to
Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets,” and establishes a requirement to evaluate beneficial interests in securitized
financial assets to identify interests that are either freestanding derivatives or hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded
derivative requiring bifurcation; (c) clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded
derivatives; and (d) eliminates restrictions on a qualifying special-purpose entity’s ability to hold passive derivative financial
instruments that pertain to beneficial interests that are or contain a derivative financial instrument.
In December 2006, the FASB issued Derivative Implementation Group Statement 133 Implementation Issue No. B40,
“Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph 13(b) to Securitized Interests in Prepayable Financial Assets” (“DIG B40”).
Since SFAS 155 eliminated the interim guidance related to securitized financial assets, DIG B40 provides a narrow scope exception
for securitized interests that contain only an embedded derivative related to prepayment risk. Under DIG B40, a securitized
interest in prepayable financial assets would not be subject to bifurcation if: (a) the right to accelerate the settlement of the
securitized interest cannot be controlled by the investor and (b) the securitized interest itself does not contain an embedded
derivative for which bifurcation would be required other than an embedded derivative that results solely from the embedded call
options in the underlying financial assets. Any other terms in the securitized financial asset that may affect cash flow in a manner
similar to a derivative instrument would be subject to the requirements of paragraph 13(b) of SFAS 133. The guidance in DIG
B40 is to be applied upon the adoption of SFAS 155.
We will adopt the provisions SFAS 155 and DIG B40 on January 1, 2007, for all financial instruments acquired, issued, or
subject to a remeasurement event occurring after that date. Prior period restatement is not permitted. The adoption of SFAS 155
is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
FASB Interpretation No. 48 – Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement
No. 109. In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an
interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 establishes criteria that an individual tax position must meet for
any part of the benefit of the tax position to be recognized in the financial statements. These criteria include determining whether
it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority. If the tax
position meets the more-likely-than-not threshold, the position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than
fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a tax position does not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold, the benefit is not recognized in the financial statements. Upon adoption of FIN 48, the guidance will be applied to all
tax positions, and only those tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold will be recognized or continue to be
recognized in the financial statements. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold
should be recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met. In addition, FIN 48 expands
disclosure requirements to include additional information related to unrecognized tax benefits. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2006. The cumulative effect adjustment upon the initial adoption of FIN 48 will be recorded as an
adjustment to retained earnings with no impact on net income. We will adopt the provisions of FIN 48 on March 31, 2007,
133
effective January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition
or results of operations.
SFAS No. 157 – Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value
Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value under current accounting pronouncements
that require or permit fair value measurement. SFAS 157 retains the exchange price notion, but clarifies that exchange price is the
price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the most advantageous market
for that asset or liability. Fair value measurement is based on assumptions used by market participants in pricing the asset or
liability, which may include inherent risk, restrictions on the sale or use of an asset, or nonperformance risk which would include
the reporting entity’s own credit risk. SFAS 157 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to
valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The highest priority is given to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or
liability. In addition, SFAS 157 expands the disclosure requirements for annual and interim reporting to focus on the inputs used
to measure fair value, including those measurements using significant unobservable inputs, and the effects of the measurements on
earnings. SFAS 157 will be applied prospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007.
Retrospective application is required for certain financial instruments as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of
retained earnings. We are currently evaluating the effects of SFAS 157 on our consolidated financial condition and results of
operations.
SFAS No. 159 – The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. In February 2007, the FASB
issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”), which allows an entity
to make an irrevocable election, on specific election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value. The election to measure an item
at fair value may be determined on an instrument by instrument basis, with certain exceptions. If the fair value option is elected,
unrealized gains and losses will be recognized in earnings at each subsequent reporting date, and any upfront costs and fees related
to the item will be recognized in earnings as incurred. In addition, the presentation and disclosure requirements of SFAS 159 are
designed to assist in the comparison between entities that select different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and
liabilities. SFAS 159 does not affect any existing accounting literature that requires certain assets and liabilities to be carried at fair
value and does not eliminate disclosure requirements included in other accounting standards. SFAS 159 applies to fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted for an entity that has also elected to apply the provisions of
SFAS 157. Retrospective application of SFAS 159 is not permitted unless early adoption is elected. At the effective date, the fair
value option may be elected for eligible items that exist on that date. The effect of the first remeasurement to fair value shall be
reported as a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We are currently evaluating the potential
effects of SFAS 159 on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
3. Business Combination
On April 3, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot by acquiring 100% of the outstanding shares of Jefferson-
Pilot in a transaction accounted for under the purchase method of accounting prescribed by SFAS No. 141, “Business
Combinations” (“SFAS 141”). Jefferson-Pilot’s results of operations are included in our results of operations beginning April 3,
2006. As a result of the merger, our product portfolio was expanded, and we now offer fixed and variable universal life, fixed
annuities, including indexed annuities, variable annuities, mutual funds and institutional accounts, 401(k) and 403(b) offerings, and
group life, disability and dental insurance products. We also own and operate television and radio stations in selected markets in
the Southeastern and Western United States and produce and distribute sports programming.
SFAS 141 requires that the total purchase price be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair
values at the merger date. We are in the process of finalizing our internal studies of the fair value of the net assets acquired
including investments, value of business acquired, intangible assets and certain liabilities. As such, the preliminary fair values in the
table below are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained, which may result in adjustments to goodwill, which we
do not expect to be material.
134
The aggregate consideration paid for the merger was as follows:
(in millions, except share data)
LNC common shares issued
Purchase price per share of LNC common share (1)
Fair value of common shares issued
Cash paid to Jefferson Pilot shareholders
Fair value of Jefferson-Pilot stock options (2)
Transaction costs
Total purchase price
Share
Amounts
112,301,906
$
48.98
$
5,501
1,800
131
65
7,497
$
(1) The value of the shares of LNC common stock exchanged with Jefferson-Pilot shareholders was based upon the average of
the closing prices of LNC common stock for the five day trading period ranging from two days before, to two days after,
October 10, 2005, the date the merger was announced.
Includes certain stock options that vested immediately upon the consummation of the merger. Any future income tax
deduction related to these vested stock options will be recognized on the option exercise date as an adjustment to the purchase
price and recorded to goodwill.
(2)
The fair value of Jefferson-Pilot’s net assets assumed in the merger was $4.2 billion. Goodwill of $3.3 billion resulted from
the excess of purchase price over the fair value of Jefferson-Pilot’s net assets. The amount of goodwill that is expected to be
deductible for tax purposes is approximately $24 million. We paid a premium over the fair value of Jefferson-Pilot’s net assets for
a number of potential strategic and financial benefits that are expected to be realized as a result of the merger including, but not
limited to, the following:
• Greater size and scale with improved earnings diversification and strong financial flexibility;
• Broader, more balanced product portfolio;
• Larger distribution organization; and
• Value creation opportunities through expense savings and revenue enhancements across business units.
The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the net assets acquired as of the acquisition date:
(in millions)
Investments
Due from reinsurers
Value of business acquired
Goodwill
Other assets
Assets held in separate accounts
Policy liabilities
Long-term debt
Income tax liabilities
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities
Liabilities related to separate accounts
Total purchase price
135
Preliminary
Fair Value
27,905
$
1,296
2,478
3,302
1,642
2,574
(26,527)
(905)
(849)
(845)
(2,574)
7,497
$
The goodwill resulting from the merger was allocated to the following segments:
(in millions)
Individual Markets:
Life Insurance
Annuities
Total Individual Markets
Employer Markets: Group Protection
Lincoln Financial Media
Total goodwill
$
$
1,326
988
2,314
281
707
3,302
The following table summarizes the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired in the merger and reported in other
assets.
(in millions)
Lincoln Financial Media:
FCC licenses
Sports production rights
Network affiliation agreements
Other
Total Lincoln Financial Media
Individual Markets - Life Insurance:
Sales force
Total indentifiable intangibles
Identifiable intangibles not subject to amortization
Identifiable intangibles subject to amortization
Total identifiable intangibles
Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
N/A
5 years
21 years
16 years
25 years
N/A
22 years
$
638
11
10
11
670
100
770
$
$
$
638
132
770
The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated results of operations assume that the merger with Jefferson-Pilot
was completed as of January 1, 2006 and 2005:
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Revenue
Year Ended
December 31,
2006
$
10,134
2005
$
9,559
Net income
1,430
1,352
Net income per common share:
Basic
Diluted
$
5.67
5.58
$
4.74
4.67
136
We initially financed the cash portion of the merger consideration by borrowing $1.8 billion under a credit agreement that we
entered into with a group of banks in December 2005 (the “bridge facility”). During the second quarter of 2006, we issued the
following debt securities:
Security
$500M Floating Rate Senior Notes, due 4/6/2009 (1)
$500M 6.15% Senior Notes, due 4/7/2036 (2)
Capital Securities
Net
Proceeds
(in millions)
Interest Due
$
499
Quarterly in January, April, July and October
492
Semi-annually in April and October
$275M 6.75% Junior Subordinated Debentures, due 4/20/2066 (3)
$800M 7% Junior Subordinated Debentures, due 5/17/2066 (4)
Total proceeds
266
Quarterly in January, April, July and October
788
2,045
$
Semi-annually in May and November
(1) Interest at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 0.11%.
(2) Redeemable any time subject to a make-whole provision.
(3) Redeemable in whole or in part on or after April 20, 2011 (and prior to such date in whole or in part under certain
circumstances).
(4) Redeemable in whole or in part on or after May 17, 2016 (and prior to such date in whole or in part under certain
circumstances). Beginning May 17, 2016, interest is due quarterly in February, May, August and November.
We used the net proceeds from the offerings, and other cash, to repay the outstanding loan balance under the bridge facility.
At the time of the merger, the following debt securities that were previously issued by Jefferson-Pilot were included within
our Consolidated Balance Sheets:
•
Junior subordinated debentures issued by Jefferson-Pilot in 1997 of $213 million at an interest rate of 8.14% and $108
million at an interest rate of 8.285%. Interest is paid semi-annually. These debentures mature in 2046, but are
redeemable prior to maturity at our option beginning January 15, 2007, with two-thirds subject to a call premium of
4.07% and the remainder subject to a call premium of 4.14%, each grading to zero as of January 15, 2017. Premiums
arose from recording these securities at their respective fair values, which were based on discounted cash flows using
our incremental borrowing rate at the date of the merger. The premiums are being amortized to the respective call
dates using an approximate effective yield methodology. The remaining unamortized premiums included in the
amounts above totaled $3 million as of December 31, 2006. We have redeemed or will redeem these securities in 2007;
therefore, we have reported them as short-term debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006. See
Note 16 for information on the redemption of these securities.
• Ten-year term notes of $284 million at 4.75% and $300 million of floating rate EXtendible Liquidity Securities®
(“EXLs”) that currently have a maturity of August 2007, subject to periodic extension through 2011. Each quarter, the
holders must make an election to extend the maturity of the EXLs for 13 months, otherwise they become due and
payable on the next maturity date to which they had previously been extended. The EXLs bear interest at LIBOR plus
a spread, which increases annually to a maximum of 10 basis points. A discount arose from recording the ten-year term
notes at their respective fair values based on discounted cash flows using our incremental borrowing rate at the date of
merger. The discount is being accreted over the remaining life using an approximate effective yield methodology. The
remaining unamortized discount included in the amount above totaled $14 million as of December 31, 2006.
137
4. Investments
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of securities available-for-sale are as follows:
(in millions)
2006
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Foreign government bonds
Asset and mortgage-backed securities:
Mortgage pass-through securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities
State and municipal bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
2005
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Foreign government bonds
Asset and mortgage-backed securities:
Mortgage pass-through securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities
State and municipal bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
Amortized
Cost
Gains
Losses
Fair
Value
$
44,702
256
1,072
$
1,080
8
76
$
(292)
(1)
(7)
$
45,490
263
1,141
603
5,242
2,653
175
158
99
54,960
681
55,641
$
3
37
44
4
3
9
1,264
22
1,286
$
(6)
(45)
(19)
-
(1)
-
(371)
(2)
(373)
$
600
5,234
2,678
179
160
108
55,853
701
56,554
$
$
24,940
149
1,118
$
1,167
12
89
$
(246)
-
(4)
$
25,861
161
1,203
465
3,004
2,360
99
126
123
32,384
137
32,521
$
5
25
52
3
4
14
1,371
9
1,380
$
(6)
(34)
(21)
-
(1)
-
(312)
(1)
(313)
$
464
2,995
2,391
102
129
137
33,443
145
33,588
$
Future maturities of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2006, are as follows:
(in millions)
Due in one year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through ten years
Due after ten years
Subtotal
Asset and mortgage-backed securities
Total
Amortized
Cost
$
Fair
Value
$
1,922
12,214
17,493
14,658
46,287
8,673
54,960
1,926
12,392
17,670
15,174
47,162
8,691
55,853
$
$
The foregoing data is based on stated maturities. Actual maturities will differ in some cases because borrowers may have the
right to call or pre-pay obligations.
138
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in asset and mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale
summarized by interest rates of the underlying collateral are as follows:
(in millions)
Below 5%
5%-6%
6%-7%
Above 7%
Total
Amortized
Cost
$
Fair
Value
$
306
3,499
3,249
1,619
8,673
305
3,464
3,261
1,661
8,691
$
$
The quality ratings for fixed maturity securities available-for-sale are as follows:
(in millions)
NAIC Designation
1
2
3
4
5
6
Rating Agency Equivalent Designation
Estimated
Fair Value
% of
Total
AAA / AA / A
BBB
BB
B
CCC and lower
In or near default
$
$
33,347
18,809
2,273
1,203
198
23
55,853
59.7%
33.7%
4.1%
2.1%
0.4%
0.0%
100.0%
The major categories of net investment income are as follows:
(in millions)
Fixed maturity securities - available-for-sale
Equity securities - available-for-sale
Trading securities
Mortgage loans on real estate
Real estate
Policy loans
Invested cash
Other investments
Investment revenue
Investment expense
Net investment income
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
3,010
27
197
468
56
159
91
141
4,149
168
3,981
2,034
9
194
287
50
118
53
69
2,814
112
2,702
2,006
11
193
350
27
120
32
55
2,794
90
2,704
$
$
$
139
Trading securities at fair value retained in connection with Modco and CFW reinsurance arrangements consisted of the
following:
(in millions)
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Foreign government bonds
Asset and mortgage-backed securities:
Mortgage pass-through securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities
State and municipal bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
2006
2005
$
2,339
332
46
$
2,520
324
54
24
118
138
8
21
8
3,034
2
3,036
$
29
120
158
9
22
8
3,244
2
3,246
$
The detail of the realized gain (loss) on investments is as follows:
(in millions)
Realized loss on investments and derivative instruments
Gain (loss) on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities
Gain on sale of subsidiaries/business
Total realized gain (loss) on investments
2006
(7)
$
4
-
(3)
$
2005
$
(22)
5
14
$
(3)
2004
$
(57)
(1)
135
77
$
The detail of the realized loss on investments and derivative instruments is as follows:
(in millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Gross gain
Gross loss
Equity securities available-for-sale
Gross gain
Gross loss
Other investments
Associated amortization of DAC and VOBA and provision for
policyholder commitments
Investment expenses
Total investments
2006
2005
2004
$
143
(113)
$
115
(93)
$
114
(122)
2
(3)
6
(41)
(2)
(8)
8
(1)
10
(52)
(9)
(22)
22
(1)
4
(53)
(10)
(46)
Derivative instruments net of associated (amortization)/restoration
of deferred acquisition costs
Total investments and derivative instruments
1
$
(7)
-
(22)
$
(11)
(57)
$
140
Provisions (credits) for write-downs and net changes in allowances for loss, which are included in the realized gain (loss) on
investments and derivative instruments shown above, are as follows:
(in millions)
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Equity securities available-for-sale
Mortgage loans on real estate
Total
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
64
-
(8)
56
19
1
(6)
14
68
-
(2)
66
$
$
$
The portion of market adjustment for trading securities still held at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was a gain (loss) of
$(53) million, $(79) million and $24 million, respectively.
The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investments in fixed maturity and equity securities available-for-sale is as
follows:
(in millions)
Fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
2006
2005
$
$
2004
$
(166)
12
(154)
(826)
(8)
(834)
$
$
$
75
(10)
65
For total publicly traded and private securities we held at December 31, 2006 and 2005 that are in unrealized loss status, the
fair value, amortized cost, unrealized loss and total time period that the security has been in an unrealized loss position are
presented in the table below:
(in millions)
2006
< or = 90 days
> 90 days but < 180 days
> 180 days but < 270 days
> 270 days but < 1 year
> 1 year
Total
(in millions)
2005
< or = 90 days
> 90 days but < 180 days
> 180 days but < 270 days
> 270 days but < 1 year
> 1 year
Total
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
$
$
$
$
$
Fair
Value
% Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
% Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Loss
% Unrealized
Loss
$
$
$
7,244
445
1,565
1,898
7,335
18,487
3,028
5,232
378
802
1,659
11,099
39.2%
2.4%
8.4%
10.3%
39.7%
100.0%
27.3%
47.1%
3.4%
7.2%
15.0%
100.0%
7,298
458
1,594
1,941
7,569
18,860
3,062
5,339
388
836
1,787
11,412
38.7%
2.4%
8.5%
10.3%
40.1%
100.0%
26.8%
46.8%
3.4%
7.3%
15.7%
100.0%
(54)
(13)
(29)
(43)
(234)
(373)
(34)
(107)
(10)
(34)
(128)
(313)
14.5%
3.5%
7.8%
11.5%
62.7%
100.0%
10.8%
34.2%
3.2%
10.9%
40.9%
100.0%
$
$
$
141
For fixed maturity and equity securities available-for-sale with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the gross
unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a
continuous loss position, are summarized as follows:
Gross Unrealized Losses for Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities
(in millions)
2006
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Foreign government bonds
Asset and mortgage-backed securities:
Mortgage pass-through securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities
State and municipal bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
2005
Corporate bonds
U.S. Government bonds
Foreign government bonds
Asset and mortgage-backed securities:
Mortgage pass-through securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities
Other asset-backed securities
State and municipal bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities
Equity securities
Total
Less Than Or Equal
to Twelve Months
Greater Than
Twelve Months
Total
Carrying
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Carrying
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Carrying
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
$
8,876
64
212
$
(119)
(1)
(4)
$
4,976
1
77
$
(173)
-
(3)
$
13,852
65
289
$
(292)
(1)
(7)
134
1,304
473
13
20
-
11,096
56
11,152
$
(1)
(9)
(3)
-
-
-
(137)
(2)
(139)
$
228
1,323
664
21
44
1
7,335
-
7,335
$
(5)
(36)
(16)
-
(1)
-
(234)
-
(234)
$
362
2,627
1,137
34
64
1
18,431
56
18,487
$
(6)
(45)
(19)
-
(1)
-
(371)
(2)
(373)
$
$
6,388
4
171
$
(133)
-
(3)
$
1,300
-
60
$
(113)
-
(1)
$
7,688
4
231
$
(246)
-
(4)
330
1,595
895
23
33
1
9,440
-
9,440
$
(4)
(27)
(16)
-
(1)
-
(184)
-
(184)
$
40
146
100
-
13
-
1,659
-
1,659
$
(2)
(7)
(5)
-
-
-
(128)
(1)
(129)
$
370
1,741
995
23
46
1
11,099
-
11,099
$
(6)
(34)
(21)
-
(1)
-
(312)
(1)
(313)
$
Securities available-for-sale deemed to have declines in fair value that were other-than-temporary were written down to fair
value. The fixed maturity securities to which these write-downs apply were generally of investment grade at the time of purchase,
but were subsequently downgraded by rating agencies to “below-investment grade.” Factors we considered in determining
whether declines in the fair value of fixed maturity securities are other-than-temporary include 1) the significance of the decline, 2)
our ability and intent to retain the investment for a sufficient period of time for it to recover, 3) the time period during which there
has been a significant decline in value, and 4) fundamental analysis of the liquidity, business prospects and overall financial
condition of the issuer. Based upon these factors, securities that have indications of potential impairment are subject to intensive
review. Where such analysis results in a conclusion that declines in fair values are other-than-temporary, the security is written
down to fair value. See Note 11 for a general discussion of the methodologies and assumptions used to determine estimated fair
values.
The balance sheet captions, real estate and other assets, which includes property and equipment, include accumulated
depreciation as follows:
(in millions)
Real estate
Property and equipment
2006
$
28
361
2005
$
19
346
142
Impaired mortgage loans along with the related allowance for losses are as follows:
(in millions)
Impaired loans with allowance for losses
Allowance for losses
Net impaired loans
2006
$
2005
$
$
$
29
(2)
27
66
(9)
57
The allowance for losses is maintained at a level we believe is adequate to absorb estimated probable credit losses. Our
periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for losses is based on our past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks
in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay (including the timing of future payments), the
estimated value of the underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant
factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimating the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to
be received on impaired loans that may be susceptible to significant change.
A reconciliation of the mortgage loan allowance for losses for these impaired mortgage loans is as follows:
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
Provisions for losses
Releases due to principal paydowns
Balance at end-of-year
2006
$
9
2
(9)
$
2
2005
$
15
2
(8)
$
9
2004
$
$
17
5
(7)
15
The average recorded investment in impaired mortgage loans and the interest income recognized on impaired mortgage loans
were as follows:
(in millions)
Average recorded investment in impaired loans
Interest income recognized on impaired loans
2006
$
41
4
2005
$
62
5
2004
$
101
9
All interest income on impaired mortgage loans was recognized on the cash basis of income recognition.
As of December 31, 2006, we had two commercial mortgage loans that were two or more payments delinquent. The total
principal and interest due on these loans as of December 31, 2006 was less than $1 million. As of December 31, 2005, all
commercial loans were current as to principal and interest payments. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had no mortgage
loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had restructured mortgage loans of $59 million and $45 million, respectively. We
recorded $4 million and $2 million of interest income on these restructured mortgage loans in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Interest
income in the amount of $4 million would have been recorded on these mortgage loans according to their original terms in both
2006 and 2005. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had no outstanding commitments to lend funds on restructured mortgage
loans.
As of December 31, 2006, our investment commitments for fixed maturity securities (primarily private placements),
mortgage loans on real estate and real estate were $1.3 billion, which includes $283 million of standby commitments to purchase
real estate upon completion and leasing.
The carrying value of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, mortgage loans on real estate and real estate investments that
were non-income producing totaled $40 million and $67 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
143
5. Federal Income Taxes
The Federal income tax expense is as follows:
(in millions)
Current
Deferred
Total tax expense
2006
2005
2004
$
$
$
284
211
495
176
68
244
153
151
304
$
$
$
The effective tax rate on pre-tax income is lower than the prevailing corporate Federal income tax rate. A reconciliation of
this difference is as follows:
(in millions)
Tax rate of 35% times pre-tax income
Effect of:
Tax-preferred investment income
Sale of subsidiary
Tax credits
Change in valuation allowance
Other
Provision for income taxes
Effective tax rate
2006
2005
2004
$
634
$
376
$
362
(98)
-
(23)
-
(18)
495
27%
$
(69)
-
(14)
(47)
(2)
244
23%
$
(69)
26
(14)
(4)
3
304
29%
$
The Federal income tax asset (liability), which is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is as follows:
(in millions)
Current
Deferred
Total Federal income tax asset (liability)
2006
2005
$
$
$
$
(84)
(894)
(978)
(90)
70
(20)
144
Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
(in millions)
Deferred tax assets
Insurance and investment contract liabilities
Reinsurance deferred gain
Net operating loss carryforwards
Modco embedded derivative
Postretirement benefits other than pensions
Compensation and benefit plans
Ceding commission asset
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Deferred acquisition costs
Value of business acquired
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
Net unrealized gain on trading securities
Investments
Intangibles
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax asset (liability)
2006
2005
$
1,493
265
21
80
22
231
9
120
2,241
$
1,237
291
-
102
23
177
11
32
1,873
1,110
1,065
329
80
199
222
130
3,135
(894)
$
999
260
351
98
-
-
95
1,803
70
$
Cash paid for Federal income taxes in 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $320 million, $105 million and $155 million, respectively.
We are required to establish a valuation allowance for any gross deferred tax assets that are unlikely to reduce taxes payable in
future years’ tax returns. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, we concluded that it was more likely than not that all gross deferred tax
assets will reduce taxes payable in future years. Our Federal income tax liability at December 31, 2004 included a valuation
allowance of $47 million attributable to the net operating losses of our foreign life reinsurance subsidiary domiciled in Barbados.
This valuation allowance was reduced to zero as of December 31, 2005.
We have made the decision not to permanently reinvest earnings in Lincoln National (UK) plc. Full U.S. deferred taxes
applicable to any un-repatriated earnings have been recorded.
Under prior Federal income tax law, one-half of the excess of a life insurance company’s income from operations over its
taxable investment income was not taxed, but was set aside in a special tax account designated as “Policyholders Surplus.” On
October 23, 2004, President Bush signed into law the “American Jobs Creation Act of 2004.” In 2005 and 2006, the additional tax
imposed on distributions from the special tax account, “Policyholders Surplus,” is suspended. In addition, the statute provides that
distributions made during the two-year suspension period will first reduce the Policyholders Surplus account balance. The life
insurance subsidiaries’ dividend activity for 2005 and 2006 were sufficient to eliminate the account balance during the suspension
period.
The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 also provides for an election for either 2004 or 2005 of a special one-time tax
deduction of 85 percent of certain foreign earnings that are repatriated. Based on our evaluation of the effects of the repatriation
provision, we determined that it was not beneficial to make the election for dividends received from our foreign subsidiaries during
2004 and 2005.
We are subject to annual tax examinations from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). During the first quarter of 2006, the
IRS completed its examination for the tax years 1999 through 2002 with assessments resulting in a payment that was not material
to our consolidated results of operations. In addition to taxes assessed and interest, the payment included a deposit relating to a
portion of the assessment, which we continue to challenge. We believe this portion of the assessment is inconsistent with existing
law and are protesting it through the established IRS appeals process. We do not anticipate that any adjustments that might result
from such audits would be material to our consolidated results of operations or financial condition. The Jefferson-Pilot
subsidiaries acquired in the April 2006 merger are subject to a separate IRS examination cycle. During the second quarter of 2006,
145
the IRS completed its examinations for the tax years 2000-2003 of Jefferson-Pilot Corporation and its subsidiaries, resulting in a
refund that was not material to our consolidated results of operations. LNC is currently under audit by the IRS for years 2003 and
2004. For the former Jefferson-Pilot Corporation and its subsidiaries, the IRS will examine the years 2004 and 2005.
At December 31, 2006, LNC had net operating loss carryforwards for Federal income tax purposes of $61 million for
Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company that will expire in the year 2021. LNC also had net capital loss carryforwards of $4 million
for Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company, $2 million for Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company and $2 million for
Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company that expire in the year 2011. LNC believes that it is more likely than not that the
net operating losses and capital losses will be fully utilized within the allowable carryforward period.
6. Supplemental Financial Data
Reinsurance transactions included in insurance premiums and insurance fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income,
excluding amounts attributable to the indemnity reinsurance transaction with Swiss Re, are as follows:
(in millions)
Insurance assumed
Insurance ceded
Net reinsurance premiums and fees
2006
8
$
(831)
(823)
$
2005
1
$
(612)
(611)
$
2004
-
$
(595)
(595)
$
The 2005 and 2004 amounts reported above for insurance ceded to other companies have been adjusted to conform to the
2006 presentation. These adjustments had no effect on insurance premiums, fees or net income presented in the Consolidated
Statements of Income as the gross premiums and fees were offset by equal amounts.
Benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income is net of reinsurance recoveries of $0.9 billion for 2006 and $0.6 billion
for each of 2005 and 2004.
A rollforward of DAC is as follows:
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
Deferral
Amortization
Adjustment related to realized gains on securities available-for-sale
and derivatives
Adjustment related to unrealized losses on securities
available-for-sale and derivatives
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Cumulative effect of accounting change
Balance at end-of-year
2006
$
4,164
1,482
(644)
2005
$
3,495
938
(474)
2004
$
3,172
874
(494)
(38)
(48)
(46)
86
66
-
5,116
$
313
(60)
-
4,164
$
(15)
43
(39)
3,495
$
146
A rollforward of VOBA is as follows:
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
Business acquired
Deferral of commissions and accretion of interest
Amortization
Adjustment related to realized gains on securities available-for-sale
and derivatives
Adjustment related to unrealized losses on securities
available-for-sale and derivatives
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Balance at end-of-year
Future estimated amortization of VOBA is as follows (in millions):
2007 - $ 286
$ 238
2010 -
2008 - $ 273
2011 - $ 209
2009 -
$
Thereafter - $
251
2,095
2006
$
999
2,478
134
(285)
2005
2004
$
1,095
-
62
(129)
$
1,197
-
69
(190)
(9)
-
-
(48)
35
3,304
$
-
(29)
999
$
-
19
1,095
$
Realized gains and losses on investments and derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income are net of
amounts amortized against DAC and VOBA of $47 million, $48 million and $46 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. In
addition, realized gains and losses for 2006, 2005 and 2004 are net of adjustments made to policyholder reserves of $6 million, $(2)
million and $(3) million, respectively. We have either a contractual obligation or a consistent historical practice of making
allocations of investment gains or losses to certain policyholders and to certain reinsurance arrangements.
A rollforward of DSI, which is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is as follows:
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
Deferral
Amortization
Balance at end-of-year
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
129
86
(21)
194
85
60
(16)
129
45
50
(10)
85
$
$
$
Details underlying underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income are as
follows:
(in millions)
Commissions
General and administrative expenses
DAC and VOBA deferrals, net of amortization
Other intangibles amortization
Taxes, licenses and fees
Restructuring charges
Total
2006
$
2005
$
2004
$
1,624
1,613
(687)
16
179
14
2,759
914
1,332
(397)
8
95
29
1,981
1,212
905
(259)
10
104
-
1,972
$
$
$
Included in operating and administrative expenses are the expenses for company advertising of approximately $30 million,
$31 million and $27 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
During the third quarter of 2006, 2005 and 2004, we completed our annual comprehensive reviews of the assumptions
underlying the amortization of DAC, VOBA, DSI and DFEL as well as the reserves related to GMDB and the embedded
derivative related to GMWB. As a result of the comprehensive reviews, we recorded negative net prospective unlocking of
147
approximately $9 million pre-tax ($6 million after-tax) for 2006 and positive net prospective unlocking of approximately $64
million pre-tax ($41 million after-tax) and $15 million pre-tax ($10 million after-tax) for 2005 and 2004, respectively.
As discussed in Note 3, the excess of the purchase price for the Jefferson-Pilot merger over the fair value of net assets
acquired totaled $3.3 billion.
The carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment as of December 31 is as follows:
(in millions)
Individual Markets:
Life Insurance
Annuities
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Investment Management
Lincoln Financial Media
Lincoln UK*
Total
Balance at
December 31,
2005
Jefferson-
Pilot Merger
(Note 3)
Balance at
December 31,
2006
$
855
44
$
1,326
988
$
2,181
1,032
20
-
261
-
14
1,194
$
-
281
-
707
-
3,302
$
20
281
262
707
17
4,500
$
* Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the Lincoln UK segment from December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2006, are
due to the translation of the balances from British pounds to U.S. dollars based on the prevailing exchange rate as of the
respective balance sheet dates.
The total gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization in total and for each major specifically identifiable intangible
asset class by segment are as follows:
(in millions)
Lincoln Financial Media:
FCC licenses
Sports production rights
Network affiliation agreements
Other
Individual Markets - Life Insurance:
Sales force
Investment Management:
Client lists
Other
Total
As of December 31, 2006
As of December 31, 2005
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
$
638
11
10
11
100
92
2
864
$
N/A
1
-
5
3
85
N/A
$
94
$
-
-
-
-
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
92
-
92
$
78
-
78
$
Future estimated amortization of specifically identifiable intangible assets is as follows (in millions):
2007 - $ 14
6
2010 -
$
2008 - $ 10
6
2011 - $
2009 -
Thereafter -
7
$
$ 87
148
Details of investment contract and policyholder funds on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
(in millions)
Premium deposit funds
Other policyholder funds
Deferred front end loads
Undistributed earnings on participating business
Total
Details underlying debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
(in millions)
Short-Term Debt
Commercial paper
Junior subordinated debentures - Series A 8.14%
Junior subordinated debentures - Series B 8.285%
Current maturities of long-term debt
Total short-term debt
Long-Term Debt
Senior notes:
5.25% notes, due 2007
6.5% notes, due 2008
LIBOR + 11 bps notes, due 2009
6.20% notes, due 2011
LIBOR + 6.435 bps EXtendible Liquidity Securities®, due 2011
4.75% notes, due 2014
4.75% notes, due 2014
7% notes, due 2018
6.15% notes, due 2036
Total senior notes
Junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts
7.65% due 2050
6.75% due 2052
Total junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts
Capital securities:
6.75% due 2066
7% due 2066
Total capital securities
Total long-term debt
Total debt
2006
2005
$
$
20,541
37,197
977
102
58,817
21,713
12,972
796
111
35,592
$
$
2006
2005
-
$
208
104
346
658
$
120
-
-
-
120
-
100
500
250
200
285
199
200
497
2,231
-
155
155
250
100
-
250
-
-
199
200
-
999
179
155
334
275
797
1,072
3,458
4,116
$
-
-
-
1,333
1,453
$
Future maturities of long-term debt are as follows (in millions):
2007 - $
$
2010 -
-
-
2008 - $ 100
2011 - $ 450
$
2009 -
Thereafter - $
500
2,408
At December 31, 2006, we maintained three revolving credit agreements with a group of domestic and foreign banks: a $1.6
billion five-year credit facility entered into in March 2006 and maturing in March 2011, allowing for borrowing or issuances of
letters of credit (LOC); a $1 billion five-year credit facility entered into in February 2006 and maturing in February 2011, allowing
for borrowing or issuances of LOCs; and a U.K. facility for use by our U.K. subsidiary, which was renewed in December 2006 for
149
10 million pounds sterling ($20 million at December 31, 2006) maturing in December 2007. At December 31, 2006, we did not
have any amounts outstanding under any of the bank lines. The agreements provide for interest on borrowings based on various
money market indices. Under the agreements, we must maintain a minimum consolidated net worth level. In addition, the
agreements contain covenants restricting our ability to incur liens, merge or consolidate with another entity where we are not the
surviving entity and dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. At December 31, 2006, we were in compliance with all such
covenants.
On November 19, 2006, we redeemed our outstanding 7.65% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures, Series E
(“TRuPs”) due 2050 (the “Junior Subordinated Debentures”), which were held by Lincoln National Capital V. The redemption
price for the Trust Preferred Securities, Series E was $25.00 per security, for a total principal amount of $173 million, plus any
accrued distributions through the redemption date. As a result of these transactions, we incurred a non-cash charge of $6 million,
pre-tax, ($4 million after-tax) in the fourth quarter of 2006 related to unamortized issuance costs. We funded the redemption with
internally generated funds and commercial paper. We used our security repurchase authorization to effect the repurchase.
In December 2005, we entered into a new credit agreement (the “Bridge Facility”) with a group of banks to provide for
borrowings of up to $2.3 billion in connection with our merger with Jefferson-Pilot. The Bridge Facility was a 364-day facility. We
made a drawdown under the Bridge Facility and used the proceeds of the loan to pay $1.8 billion to shareholders of Jefferson-Pilot
in connection with our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, which represented the aggregate cash portion of the merger consideration.
During the second quarter of 2006, we issued $2.1 billion of debt securities and acquired debt securities with a fair value of $905
million previously issued by Jefferson-Pilot. As discussed in Note 3, we used the proceeds from debt securities issued during the
second quarter of 2006 and other cash to repay the outstanding loan balance under the Bridge Facility.
In May 2005, our 7.25% senior notes of $193 million matured. On October 1, 2004, we redeemed all $120 million of our
outstanding 9.125% Debentures due October 1, 2024 for an aggregate redemption amount of $126 million. Interest and debt
expense in the fourth quarter of 2004 includes approximately $6 million ($4 million after-tax) relating to the call premium and
unamortized issue costs relating to the redemption.
In February 2004, we issued $200 million of 4.75% Notes due February 15, 2014 with semi-annual interest payments in
February and August. The notes were priced at 99.297% and net proceeds to the Company were $197 million. A portion of the
net proceeds was used to redeem the 9.125% notes described above with the remainder of the proceeds used for general corporate
purposes and to reduce short-term debt. We used a treasury lock to reduce exposure to interest rate changes prior to closing. The
treasury lock was closed prior to the issuance of the Notes with a gain of approximately $1 million. This gain, along with the costs
of issuance, is being amortized over the life of the Notes. See Note 3 for additional information.
In September 2003, Lincoln Capital VI, our wholly-owned affiliated trust, issued $150 million of 6.75% Trust Preferred
Securities, Series F guaranteed by us. The debentures mature September 11, 2052 and can be redeemed for principal plus accrued
interest beginning September 11, 2008.
We also have access to capital from junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts. These trusts were formed
solely for the purpose of issuing preferred securities and lending the proceeds to us. Securities currently outstanding were offered
through a series of trusts (Lincoln National Capital V and VI, Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust A and Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust B).
We own the common securities of these trusts. As discussed above, we redeemed the junior subordinated debentures issued by
Lincoln Capital Trust V, and the trust redeemed its Trust Preferred Securities.
The only assets of Lincoln National Capital VI are the junior subordinated debentures issued by us. Distributions are paid by
Lincoln National Capital VI to the preferred security holders on a quarterly basis. The principal obligations of this trust are
irrevocably guaranteed by us. Upon liquidation of this trust, the holders of the preferred securities would be entitled to a fixed
amount per share plus accumulated and unpaid distributions. We reserve the right to: 1) redeem the preferred securities at a fixed
price plus accumulated and unpaid distributions and; 2) defer the interest payments due on the subordinated debentures for up to
20 consecutive quarters, but not beyond the maturity date of the subordinated debenture.
Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trusts A and B issued redeemable preferred securities in private placement transactions in 1997, and
the debt securities previously issued by Jefferson-Pilot were included within our Consolidated Balance Sheets at the time of the
merger. As of December 31, 2006, the carrying value of these junior subordinated debentures was $208 million at an interest rate
of 8.14% and $104 million at an interest rate of 8.285%. Interest is paid semi-annually. We have redeemed or will redeem these
debentures in the first quarter of 2007. See Note 16 for more information.
We also have access to capital from a program established by one of the life insurance subsidiaries we acquired with the
Jefferson-Pilot merger. The program enabled Jefferson-Pilot Life Funding Trust I, an unconsolidated affiliated trust, to sell $300
150
million of medium-term notes. Proceeds from the sale of the medium-term notes were used to purchase funding agreements
issued by the life insurance subsidiary. The funding agreements were issued at a variable rate and provide for quarterly interest
payments, indexed to the 3-month LIBOR plus 7 basis points, with principal due at maturity on June 2, 2008. Concurrent with this
issuance, the subsidiary executed an interest rate swap for a notional amount equal to the proceeds of the funding agreements. The
swap qualifies for cash flow hedge accounting treatment and converts the variable rate of the funding agreements to a fixed rate of
4.28%.
We have determined that the above trusts are variable interest entities as defined by FIN 46(R). We are not the primary
beneficiary of these affiliated trusts and do not have a controlling financial interest. Accordingly, under FIN 46(R), the accounts of
these entities are not included in our consolidated financial statements.
We paid cash of $195 million, $90 million and $93 million for interest related to our debt and junior subordinated debentures
of affiliated subsidiary trusts for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
We currently have an effective shelf registration statement, which allows us to issue, in unlimited amounts, securities,
including debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units, and trust
preferred securities of our affiliated trusts. Our Board of Directors authorized us to issue up to $4 billion of such securities, and
we have issued $2.1 billion pursuant to that authorization.
7. Insurance Benefit Reserves
We issue variable contracts through our separate accounts for which investment income and investment gains and losses
accrue directly to, and investment risk is borne by, the contractholder (traditional variable annuities). We also issue variable annuity
and life contracts through separate accounts that include various types of GMDB, GMWB and GIB features. The GMDB features
include those where we contractually guarantee to the contract holder either (a) return of no less than total deposits made to the
contract less any partial withdrawals, (b) total deposits made to the contract less any partial withdrawals plus a minimum return, or
(c) the highest contract value on any contract anniversary date through age 80 minus any payments or withdrawals following the
contract anniversary.
The following table provides information on the GMDB features outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005. (Note that
our variable contracts with guarantees may offer more than one type of guarantee in each contract; therefore, the amounts listed
are not mutually exclusive). The net amount at risk is defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the
current account balance at the balance sheet date.
(dollars in billions)
Return of Net Deposit
Account value
Net amount at risk
Average attained age of contractholders
Return of Net Deposits Plus a Minimum Return
Account value
Net amount at risk
Average attained age of contractholders
Guaranteed minimum return
Highest Specified Anniversary Account Value Minus
Withdrawals Post Anniversary
Account value
Net amount at risk
Average attained age of contractholders
In Event of Death
2006
2005
$
38.3
0.1
54
$
31.9
0.1
53
$
0.4
-
67
5%
$
0.3
-
66
5%
$
22.5
0.2
64
$
18.8
0.4
63
The determination of the GMDB liabilities is based on models that involve a range of scenarios and assumptions, including
those regarding expected market rates of return and volatility, contract surrender rates and mortality experience.
151
The following summarizes the liabilities for GMDB:
GMDB
(in millions)
Balance at January 1
Changes in reserves
Benefits paid
Balance at December 31
2006
$
2005
$
15
14
(6)
23
18
9
(12)
15
$
$
The changes to the benefit reserves amounts above are reflected in benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Also included in benefits are the results of the hedging program, which included losses of $4 million and $3 million for
GMDB in 2006 and 2005, respectively. We utilize a delta hedging strategy for variable annuity products with a GMDB feature,
which uses futures on U.S.-based equity market indices to hedge against movements in equity markets. The hedging strategy is
designed such that changes in the value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite direction of equity market driven changes in
the reserve for GMDB contract subject to the hedging strategy. While we actively manage our hedge positions, these hedge
positions may not be totally effective to offset changes in the reserve due to, among other things, differences in timing between
when a market exposure changes and corresponding changes to the hedge positions, extreme swings in the equity markets and
interest rates, market volatility, policyholder behavior, divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the
hedging indices, divergence between the actual and expected performance of the hedge instruments, or our ability to purchase
hedging instruments at prices consistent with our desired risk and return trade-off.
Separate account balances attributable to variable annuity contracts with guarantees are as follows:
(in billions)
Asset Type
Domestic equity
International equity
Bonds
Total
Money market
Total
Percent of total variable annuity separate account values
8. Employee Benefit Plans
2006
2005
$
$
39.3
5.9
6.4
51.6
5.6
57.2
87%
32.2
4.2
5.1
41.5
4.0
45.5
87%
$
$
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans—U.S. We maintain funded defined benefit pension plans for most of
our U.S. employees and, prior to January 1, 1995, most full-time agents. Effective January 1, 2002, the employees’ pension plan
was converted to a cash balance formula. Eligible employees retiring before 2012 will have their benefits calculated under both the
old final average pay formula and the cash balance formula and will receive the greater of the two calculations. Employees retiring
in 2012 or after will receive benefits under the cash balance formula. Benefits under the final average pay formula are based on
total years of service and the highest 60 months of compensation during the last 10 years of employment. Under the cash balance
formula, employees have guaranteed account balances that earn annual benefit credits and interest credits each year. Annual
benefit credits are based on years of service and base salary plus bonus. All benefits accruing under the defined benefit plan for
agents were frozen as of December 31, 1994. The plans are funded by contributions to tax-exempt trusts. Our funding policy is
consistent with the funding requirements of Federal law and regulations. Contributions are intended to provide not only the
benefits attributed to service to date, but also those expected to be earned in the future. Effective January 1, 2005, we amended the
employees’ pension plan to include 100% of eligible bonus amounts as compensation under the cash balance formula only.
As a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we maintain funded defined benefit pension plans for the former U.S.
employees and agents of Jefferson-Pilot. Eligible retiring employees receive benefits based on years of service and final average
earnings. The plans are funded through group annuity contracts with one of our life insurance subsidiaries, Jefferson-Pilot Life
Insurance Company. The assets of the plans are those of the related contracts, and are primarily held in separate accounts of
Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company.
152
We sponsor three types of unfunded, nonqualified, defined benefit plans for certain U.S. employees and agents:
supplemental retirement plans, a salary continuation plan, and supplemental executive retirement plans. As a result of our merger
with Jefferson-Pilot, we also sponsor an unfunded, nonqualified, supplemental retirement plan for certain former employees of
Jefferson-Pilot. The supplemental retirement plans provide defined benefit pension benefits in excess of limits imposed by Federal
tax law.
The salary continuation plan provides certain of our officers with a defined pension benefit based on years of service and
final monthly salary upon death or retirement. This plan was frozen as of December 31, 2004. Individuals beginning employment
after that date are not eligible to participate. In addition, effective January 1, 2005, the benefit formula for this plan was changed
with respect to four executives to improve the level of benefits paid.
The supplemental executive retirement plan provides defined pension benefits for certain executives who became our
employees as a result of the acquisition of a block of individual life insurance and annuity business from CIGNA Corporation
(“CIGNA”). Effective January 1, 2000, this plan was amended to freeze benefits payable under this plan and a second
supplemental executive retirement plan was established for this same group of executives. The benefits payable to these executives
under this plan will not be less than they would have been under their pre-acquisition plan. The benefit is based on an average
compensation figure that is not less than the minimum three-year average compensation figure in effect for these executives as of
December 31, 1999. Any benefits payable from this plan are reduced by benefits payable from our employees’ defined benefit
pension plan.
We also sponsor unfunded plans that provide postretirement medical, dental and life insurance benefits to full-time U.S.
employees and agents who, depending on the plan, have worked for us for 10 years and attained age 55 (60 for agents). Medical
and dental benefits are also available to spouses and other dependents of employees and agents. For medical and dental benefits,
limited contributions are required from individuals who retired prior to November 1, 1988. Contributions for later retirees, which
can be adjusted annually, are based on such items as years of service at retirement and age at retirement. Effective April 1, 2004,
the employees’ postretirement plan was amended to provide that employees and agents not attaining age 50 by that date will not be
eligible to receive life insurance benefits when they retire. This amendment to the plan resulted in the immediate recognition at the
end of 2003 of a one-time curtailment gain of $2.4 million pre-tax. Life insurance benefits for retirees are noncontributory for
employees and agents that attained the age of 50 by April 1, 2004, and meet the eligibility requirements at the time they retire;
however, these participants can elect supplemental contributory life benefits up to age 70. Effective July 1, 1999, the agents’
postretirement plan was amended to require agents retiring on or after that date to pay the full medical and dental premium costs.
Beginning January 1, 2002, the employees’ postretirement plan was amended to require employees not yet age 50 with five years of
service by the end of 2001 to pay the full medical and dental premium cost when they retire.
Pension Plan—Non-U.S. The employees of our primary foreign subsidiary are covered by a defined benefit pension plan.
The plan provides death and pension benefits based on final pensionable salary.
153
Obligations, Funded Status and Assumptions
Information with respect to our defined benefit plan asset activity and defined benefit plan obligations subsequent to the
adoption of SFAS 158 is as follows:
U.S.
Pension Benefits
2006
2005
Non-U.S.
Pension Plan
Other
Postretirement Benefits
2006
2005
2006
2005
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
(in millions)
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning-of-year
Actual return on plan assets
Company contributions
Administrative expenses
Benefits paid
Medicare Part D Subsidy
Business combinations
Foreign exchange translation
Fair value of plan assets at end-of-year
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning-of-year
Service cost
Interest cost
Plan participants' contributions
Curtailments
Special termination benefits
Actuarial losses (gains)
Benefits paid
Medicare Part D Subsidy
Business combinations
Foreign exchange translation
Benefit obligation at end-of-year
Funded status of the plans
Unrecognized net actuarial losses
Unrecognized prior negative service cost
Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost
Other assets
Other liabilities
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive
income (net of tax):
Net loss (gain)
Prior service credit
Total
Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31:
Weighted-average discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of increase in compensation:
Salary continuation plan
All other plans
561
99
5
-
(52)
-
404
-
1,017
612
32
53
-
(1)
2
(23)
(52)
-
423
-
1,046
(29)
85
(114)
(29)
$
30
(4)
26
$
5.94%
8.00%
4.00%
4.03%
555
35
18
(2)
(45)
-
-
-
561
578
19
34
-
-
-
26
(45)
-
-
-
612
(51)
106
(9)
46
-
-
46
5.75%
8.25%
4.00%
4.00%
294
16
1
-
(13)
-
-
41
339
315
2
16
-
-
-
(3)
(13)
-
-
44
361
(22)
-
(22)
(22)
$
60
-
60
$
5.10%
5.90%
-
4.10%
-
$
1
14
-
(14)
1
26
-
28
$
-
$
-
10
-
(10)
-
-
-
$
-
225
30
77
-
(10)
-
-
(28)
294
308
1
15
-
-
-
36
(10)
-
-
(35)
315
(21)
87
-
66
-
-
66
110
3
8
5
-
-
(11)
(14)
1
50
-
152
(124)
-
(124)
(124)
$
(2)
-
(2)
$
101
2
6
3
-
-
8
(10)
-
-
-
110
(110)
10
-
(100)
-
-
(100)
4.90%
5.60%
-
3.80%
5.87%
-
-
4.00%
5.75%
-
-
4.00%
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
We use December 31 as the measurement date for our pension and postretirement plans.
154
The expected return on plan assets was determined based on historical and expected future returns of the various asset
classes, using the target plan allocations. We reevaluate this assumption at an interim date each plan year. For 2007, our expected
return on plan assets for the U.S. pension plan will be 8%. The calculation of the accumulated post-retirement benefits obligation
assumes a weighted-average annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered benefits (i.e., health care cost trend rate) of
12% for 2006. It further assumes the rate will gradually decrease to 5% by 2017 and remain at that level in future periods. The
health care cost trend rate assumption has a significant effect on the amounts reported. A one-percentage point increase and
decrease in assumed health care cost trend rates would have an immaterial effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation
and total service and interest cost components.
As discussed in Note 2, we applied the recognition provisions of SFAS 158 as of December 31, 2006. The incremental effect
of applying SFAS 158 on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2006, is as follows:
(in millions)
Other assets
Total assets
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Minimum pension liability adjustment
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total stockholders' equity
Before
Application of
SFAS 158
$
2,760
178,484
4,938
166,259
(60)
637
12,225
Reversal of
Minimum
Pension Liability
(4)
$
(4)
(64)
(64)
60
60
60
SFAS 158
Adjustments
14
$
14
98
98
-
(84)
(84)
After
Application of
SFAS 158
$
2,770
178,494
4,972
166,293
-
613
12,201
Information for our pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets is as follows:
(in millions)
U.S. Plan
Accumulated benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets(1)
Non-U.S. Plan
Accumulated benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets
2006
2005
$
104
114
$
74
77
-
-
$
358
361
339
$
313
315
294
(1)
The U.S. plan is unfunded.
155
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The components of net defined benefit pension plan and postretirement benefit plan expense are as follows:
(in millions)
U.S. Plans
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of prior service cost
Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses
Recognized actuarial loss due to curtailments
Recognized actuarial loss due to special
termination benefits
Net periodic benefit expense
Non-U.S. Plans
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of prior service cost
Recognized net actuarial losses
Net periodic benefit expense
Pension Benefits
2005
2004
2006
Other Postretirement Benefits
2005
2004
2006
$
33
53
(67)
(2)
4
1
$
19
34
(44)
(1)
2
-
$
18
33
(41)
(2)
1
-
3
$
8
(1)
-
1
-
2
$
6
-
-
1
-
2
$
6
-
-
(1)
-
2
24
$
-
10
$
-
$
9
-
11
$
-
$
9
-
$
7
2
$
16
(17)
-
4
$
5
1
$
15
(13)
1
3
$
7
1
$
15
(12)
1
3
$
8
Over the next fiscal year, the estimated amount of amortization from accumulated other comprehensive income into net
periodic benefit cost related to net actuarial losses and prior service credits is $5 million and $1 million, respectively. We do not
anticipate amortizing any of the net actuarial gain from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost for
our other postretirement benefit plan.
We maintain a defined contribution plan for our U.S. insurance agents. Contributions to this plan are based on a percentage
of the agents’ annual compensation as defined in the plan. Effective January 1, 1998, we assumed the liabilities for a non-
contributory defined contribution plan covering certain highly compensated former CIGNA agents and employees.
Contributions to this plan are made annually based upon varying percentages of annual eligible earnings as defined in the
plan. Contributions to this plan are in lieu of any contributions to the qualified agent defined contribution plan. Effective January
1, 2000, this plan was expanded to include certain highly compensated LNC agents. The combined pre-tax expenses for these
plans were $3 million in each of the three years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. These expenses reflect both our
contribution as well as changes in the measurement of our liabilities under these plans.
156
Plan Assets
Our U.S. pension plan asset allocations at December 31, 2006 and 2005, by asset category are as follows:
Asset Category
U.S. Plans:
Equity securities
Fixed income securities
Real estate
Cash and cash equivalents
Total
Non-U.S. Plans:
Equity securities
Fixed income securities
Cash and cash equivalents
Total
2006
2005
66%
32%
0%
2%
100%
34%
64%
2%
100%
64%
34%
1%
1%
100%
30%
67%
3%
100%
The primary investment objective of our U.S. defined benefit pension plan is for capital appreciation and income growth,
with an emphasis on avoiding undue risk. A secondary objective is for current income. Investments can be made using the
following asset classes: both domestic and international equity and fixed income securities, real estate, guaranteed products,
venture capital, oil and gas, as well as any other asset classes the investment managers deem prudent. A five-year time horizon is
utilized as there are inevitably short-run fluctuations, which will cause variations in investment performance.
Each managed fund is expected to rank in the upper 50% of similar funds over the relevant three and/or five-year periods.
Managers not meeting these criteria will be subject to additional due diligence review and possible termination. The following
short-term ranges have been established for weightings in the various asset categories:
Asset Category
Cash
Guaranteed Products
Fixed Income
Long-term
High-Yield
International/Emerging Markets*
Real Estate
Equities
Small-cap
International*
Emerging Markets*
Other
Total International**
Weighting Range
0-20 %
0-20 %
20-80 %
0-10 %
0-10 %
0-10 %
0-20 %
0-20 %
0-10 %
0-20 %
20-80 %
0-20 %
0-25 %
The total of domestic cash, domestic fixed income, and domestic equities shall not be less than 50%.
* Currency exposure can be hedged up to 100%
** International/Emerging Markets-Fixed Income and Equities
Within the broad ranges provided above, we currently target asset weightings as follows: 64% equities, 35% fixed income,
including real estate, and 1% cash. The performance of the plan and the managed funds are monitored on a quarterly basis relative
to the plan’s objectives. The performance of the managed fund is measured against the following indices: S&P 500, EAFE,
Russell 2000, NAREIT, Lehman US Universal and Salomon (Citigroup) 90-day T-Bill. We review this investment policy on an
annual basis.
Our plan assets are principally managed by our Investment Management segment.
157
Plan Cash Flows
We do not expect to contribute to our qualified U.S. defined benefit pension plan in 2007. The Plans expect to fund
approximately the following amounts for benefit payments for our unfunded non-qualified U.S. defined benefit plan, U.S. post-
retirement benefit plan and non-U.S. defined benefit pension plan:
Pension Plans
U.S. Post Retirement Plans
Qualified U.S.
Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
$
51
53
57
59
63
370
Non-Qualified U.S.
Defined Benefit
Pension Plans
6
$
6
6
7
8
54
Reflecting
Medicare Part
D Subsidy
9
$
9
10
10
10
55
Medicare Part
D Subsidy
$
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
Not Reflecting
Medicare Part D
Subsidy
$
11
11
11
12
12
66
Qualified non-U.S.
Defined Benefit
Pension Plan
$
14
15
15
16
17
92
(in millions)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Thereafter
(in millions)
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Thereafter
401(k), Money Purchase and Profit Sharing Plans.
We sponsor contributory defined contribution plans for eligible U.S. employees and agents. These plans include 401(k) plans
and defined contribution money purchase plans for eligible employees of Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. (“Delaware”) and
eligible agents of the former Jefferson-Pilot. Our contribution to the 401(k) plans, excluding the former Jefferson-Pilot agents, is
equal to 50% of each participant’s pre-tax contribution, not to exceed 6% of eligible compensation, and is invested as directed by
the participant. As of April 3, 2006, our contributions to the employees’ 401(k) plan on behalf of the former Jefferson-Pilot
employees were the same as the contribution provided to eligible Lincoln participants. Our contributions to the agents’ 401(k)
Plan on behalf of the former Jefferson-Pilot agents is equal to 10% of each participant’s pre-tax contribution, not to exceed 6% of
eligible compensation. An additional discretionary contribution of up to 100% may be made with respect to a participant’s pre-tax
contribution (again up to 6% of base pay plus cash bonus). The amount of discretionary contribution varies according to whether
we have met certain performance-based criteria as determined by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors.
Our contribution to Delaware’s defined contribution money purchase plan is equal to 7.5% per annum of each participant’s
eligible compensation. For any plan year, eligible compensation is defined as 100% of an eligible participant’s base salary, plus
bonus. The amount of bonus is capped such that only 50% of the bonus amounts over $100,000 are considered eligible
compensation. Eligible compensation for both the 401(k) and money purchase plans is subject to various limitations under Section
401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
The Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company Agents’ Retirement Plan is a money purchase plan for eligible agents that
provides for an employer contribution equal to 5% of a participant’s eligible compensation.
Expense for the 401(k) and profit sharing plans amounted to $45 million, $39 million and $39 million in 2006, 2005 and
2004, respectively.
158
Deferred Compensation Plans
We sponsor deferred compensation plans for certain U.S. employees and agents. Plan participants may elect to defer
payment of a portion of their compensation, as defined by the plans. Plan participants may select from a menu of “phantom”
investment options (identical to those offered under our qualified savings plans) used as investment measures for calculating the
investment return notionally credited to their deferrals. Under the terms of these plans, we agree to pay out amounts based upon
the aggregate performance of the investment measures selected by the participant. We make matching contributions to these plans
based upon amounts placed into the deferred compensation plans by individuals. The amount of our contribution is calculated in a
manner similar to the employer match calculation described in the 401(k) plans section above. Expense for these plans amounted
to $21 million, $17 million and $14 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These expenses reflect both our employer
matching contributions of $11 million, $7 million and $7 million, respectively, as well as increases in the measurement of our
liabilities net of the total return swap, described in Note 9, under these plans of $10 million, $9 million and $7 million for 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively.
The terms of the deferred compensation plans provide that plan participants who select our stock as the measure for their
investment return will receive shares of our stock in settlement of this portion of their accounts at the time of distribution. In
addition, participants are precluded from diversifying any portion of their deferred compensation plan account that has been
credited to the stock unit fund. Consequently, changes in value of our stock do not affect the expenses associated with this portion
of the deferred compensation plans.
In 2004, we established a deferred compensation plan for non-employee directors. The plan allows directors to defer a
portion of their annual retainers into the plan and, in addition, we credit deferred stock units annually. The menu of “phantom”
investment options is identical to those offered to the employees and agents. The liability associated with this plan was $9 million
and $8 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Amounts previously recorded as liabilities of $2 million were
reclassified to equity in 2005 for the deferred compensation payable in LNC stock.
We also sponsor a deferred compensation plan for certain eligible agents. Plan participants receive contributions based on
their earnings. Plan participants may select from a menu of “phantom” investment options used as investment measures for
calculating the investment return notionally credited to their deferrals. Under the terms of these plans, we agree to pay out
amounts based upon the aggregate performance of the investment measures selected by the participant.
As a result of our merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we also sponsor a deferred compensation plan for former agents of Jefferson-
Pilot. Plan participants may elect to defer payment of a portion of their compensation, as defined by the plan. Plan participants
may select from a menu of “phantom” investment options used as investment measures for calculating the investment return
notionally credited to their deferrals. Under the terms of the plan, we agree to pay out amounts based upon the aggregate
performance of the investment measures selected by the participant. We do not make matching contributions to this plan, and our
stock is not an investment option of the plan.
We also sponsor a deferred compensation plan for certain former agents of Jefferson-Pilot that participate in the Jefferson-
Pilot Life Insurance Company Agents’ Retirement Plan. The Plan provides for company contributions equal to 5% of eligible
compensation for earnings in excess of the limits imposed by the Federal government.
The total liabilities associated with the employee and agent plans were $359 million (of which $133 million is funded by an
investment on our Consolidated Balance Sheets) and $192 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
9. Stock-Based Incentive Compensation Plans
LNC Stock-Based Incentive Plans
We have various incentive plans for our employees, agents and directors and our subsidiaries that provide for the issuance of
stock options, stock incentive awards, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units (“performance
shares”), and deferred stock units. Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. (“DIUS”) has a separate stock option incentive plan. We have
a policy of issuing new shares to satisfy option exercises.
159
Total pre-tax compensation expense (income) for all of our stock-based incentive compensation plans is as follows:
(in millions)
Stock options
Shares
Cash awards
DIUS stock options
SARs
Restricted stock
Total
2006
$
$
2005
3
$
25
4
16
2
1
51
$
2004
2
$
20
3
13
4
-
42
$
14
25
4
10
(1)
4
56
Recognized tax benefit
$
20
$
18
$
15
Outstanding options to acquire Jefferson-Pilot common stock that existed immediately prior to the date of the merger
remain subject to the same terms and conditions that existed, except that each of these stock options is now or will be exercisable
for LNC common stock equal to the number of shares of Jefferson-Pilot common stock subject to such option multiplied by
1.0906 (rounded down to the nearest whole share), with the exercise price determined by dividing the exercise price of the
Jefferson-Pilot options by 1.0906 (rounded up to the sixth decimal place). Grants of Jefferson-Pilot stock options in February
2006 will generally continue to vest in one-third annual increments. All employee and director stock options outstanding as of
December 31, 2005, vested and became exercisable upon closing the merger. Jefferson-Pilot stock options held by its non-
employee agents did not become fully vested and exercisable in connection with the merger, but will vest in accordance with the
applicable option agreement.
In the second quarter of 2006, a performance period from 2006-2008 was approved by the Compensation Committee.
Participants in this performance period received one-half of their award in 10-year LNC stock options, with the remainder of the
award in a combination of performance shares and cash. Stock options granted for this performance period vest ratably over the
three-year period, based solely on a service condition. Depending on the performance, the actual amount of performance units
could range from zero to 200% of the granted amount.
For the three-year performance periods 2004-2006 and 2005-2007, the performance measures for determining the actual
amount of 10-year LNC stock options and all performance share units were established at the beginning of each three-year
performance period. Depending on the performance, the actual amount of stock options and performance share units awarded
could range from zero to 200% of the granted amount, with the amount in excess of 100% resulting in a payout of additional
shares. Certain Jefferson-Pilot executives were brought into the 2004-2006 and 2005-2007 plans on a pro-rata basis. Non-
employee agent stock options are five-year options with some vesting based on the agents’ future performance and others vesting
upon grant based on past performance.
The amount of stock option expense for the performance vesting awards is included in the total of our stock option expense
as discussed below. All expense calculations for performance vesting stock options, shares, and cash awards that were granted in
2006, 2005 and 2004 have been based upon the fair value at date of grant and an estimate of performance achievement over the
three-year performance measurement periods. The estimated cost for each award cycle is expensed over the performance period.
As the three-year performance periods progress, we refine our estimate of the expense associated with these awards so that by the
end of the three-year performance period, our cumulative expense will reflect the actual level of awards that vest.
Stock options awarded under the stock option incentive plans in effect prior to 2003 were granted with an exercise price
equal to the market value of our stock at the grant date and, unless cancelled earlier due to certain terminations of employment,
expire 10 years from the date of grant. Such options are generally transferable only upon death unless otherwise permitted by the
Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors. Options become exercisable in 25% increments over the four-year period
following the option grant anniversary date. A “reload option” feature was added on May 14, 1997, but has not been included in
options granted after 2002. In most cases, persons exercising an option after that date using shares of stock have been granted new
options in an amount equal to the number of matured shares tendered to exercise the original option award. The reload options
are granted for the remaining term of the related original option and have an exercise price equal to the market value of our stock
at the date of the reload award and contain a reload feature. Reload options can be exercised two years after the grant date if the
value of the new option has appreciated by at least 25%, or if the reload option expires within 2 years, in which case the options
become exercisable one month prior to expiration without restriction.
160
The option price assumptions used for our stock option incentive plans were as follows:
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Weighted-average fair value per option granted
2006
2005
2004
2.7%
23.1%
4.3%-5.0%
4.2
11.02
$
3.1%
26.5%
3.6%-4.5%
4.1
9.25
$
2.9%
29.5%
2.1%-3.5%
3.4
8.68
$
The fair value of stock option is determined using a Black-Scholes options valuation methodology. Expected volatility is
measured based on the historical volatility of the LNC stock price for the previous three-year period. The expected term of the
options granted represents the weighted-average period of time from the grant date to the exercise date, weighted for the number
of shares exercised for an option grant relative to the number of options exercised over the previous three-year period.
As of December 31, 2006, there was $23 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested awards under
these plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. Information with respect to our
incentive plans involving stock options with performance conditions is as follows:
Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
Jefferson-Pilot agent options converted to LNC
Exercised (includes shares tendered)
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006 (1)
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
(1)
Includes estimated forfeitures.
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
43.01
$
46.97
30.19
46.66
46.74
$
$
$
46.74
43.73
Shares
988,787
573,144
(214,834)
(24,929)
1,322,168
1,301,227
342,027
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
5.70
5.66
2.54
$
26
$
26
$
8
The total fair value of options vested during 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $5 million, $3 million and $2 million, respectively. The
total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2006 was $6 million. There were no options with performance conditions
exercised during 2005 and 2004, as no performance period had been completed.
Information with respect to our incentive plans involving stock options with service conditions is as follows:
Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
Granted-original
Granted-reloads
Jefferson-Pilot options converted to LNC
Exercised (includes shares tendered)
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006 (1)
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
(1) Includes estimated forfeitures.
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
5.00
4.95
4.34
$
286
$
$
284
262
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
44.58
$
56.81
59.11
41.82
41.18
49.66
44.79
$
Shares
7,928,931
873,966
116,917
10,300,392
(5,822,560)
(182,672)
13,214,974
13,041,381
11,241,768
$
$
44.66
43.08
161
The total fair value of options vested during 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $9 million, $6 million and $15 million, respectively.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $104 million, $36 million and $50 million,
respectively.
Information with respect to our performance shares at December 31, 2006, is as follows:
Nonvested at December 31, 2005
Granted
Vested (1)
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2006
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
$
37.65
56.30
25.88
47.20
47.45
Shares
1,577,278
179,367
(641,736)
(132,715)
982,194
(1) Shares vested at December 31, 2005, but were not issued until the second quarter of 2006.
Delaware Stock Option Incentive Plan
The option price assumptions used for the DIUS stock option incentive plans were as follows:
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Weighted-average fair value per option granted
2006
1.3%
35.9%
4.7%-4.8%
4.1
58.60
$
DIUS
2005
2.6%
45.0%
3.9%
4.6
48.84
$
2004
2.5%
45.0%
3.2%-3.9%
4.6
42.76
$
Expected volatility is measured based on several factors including the historical volatility of the DIUS valuation since the
inception of the plan in 2001 and comparisons to other public management companies with similar operating structures. The
expected term of the options granted represents the weighted-average period of time from the grant date to the exercise date,
based on the historical expected life of DIUS options.
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At December 31, 2006, DIUS had 10,036,543 shares of common stock outstanding. Information with respect to the DIUS
incentive plan involving stock options is as follows:
Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
Granted - original (3)
Exercised (includes shares tendered)
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006 (1)
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price (2)
147.06
191.11
135.30
145.16
150.99
$
$
$
150.96
143.23
Shares
1,469,194
68,000
(123,916)
(187,982)
1,225,296
1,187,905
675,472
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Term
(in millions)
7.0
6.9
6.1
$
58
$
$
57
37
(1)
(2)
Includes estimated forfeitures.
The exercise prices reflect the adjustments indicated in the table below from an amendment to the DIUS stock option
incentive plan in 2006 as a result of business changes primarily related to the merger with Jefferson-Pilot.
Option Award Date
9/10/2001
3/14/2002
3/13/2003
5/13/2004
11/23/2004
4/12/2005
1/12/2006
Increase to Option
Exercise Price
$ 18.88
18.86
18.45
17.84
17.78
17.98
17.43
(3)
Granted-original for 2006 does not include a grant of 334,500 options approved on November 8, 2006, because the
grant’s exercise price will be determined based on the December 31, 2006, valuation price.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $6
million, $3 million and $2 million, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested awards, including an
estimate of the November 8, 2006, award based on a Black-Scholes share value calculated using the June 30, 2006, valuation, under
this plan was $35 million as of December 31, 2006. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.1
years. The amount of cash received and the tax benefit realized from stock option exercises under this plan during the twelve
months ended December 31, 2006, was $15 million and $2 million respectively, compared to $14 million and $1 million for the
twelve months ended December 31, 2005, and $5 million and $1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2004.
The value of DIUS shares is determined using a market transaction approach based on profit margin, assets under
management and revenues. The valuation is performed by a third-party appraiser at least semi-annually and reviewed by the
Compensation Committee. The last valuation was performed as of June 30, 2006, with a value of $198.59 per share. The value of
outstanding shares exercised under this plan and the intrinsic value of vested and partially vested options totaled $51 million at
December 31, 2006, and is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Stock Appreciation Rights
Under our Incentive Compensation Plan, we issue stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) to certain agents who have full-time
contracts with us. The SARs under this program are rights on our stock that are cash settled and become exercisable in 25%
increments over the four-year period following the SAR grant date. SARs are granted with an exercise price equal to the fair
market value of our stock at the date of grant and, unless cancelled earlier due to certain terminations of employment, expire five
years from the date of grant. Generally, such SARs are transferable only upon death.
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We recognize compensation expense for SARs based on the fair value method using an option-pricing model.
Compensation expense and the related liability are recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the SARs. The
SARs liability is marked-to-market through net income, which causes volatility in net income as a result of changes in the market
value of our stock. We hedge this volatility by purchasing call options on LNC stock. Call options hedging vested SARs are also
marked-to-market through net income. The mark-to-market gain (loss) recognized through net income on the call options on
LNC stock for 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $10 million, $3 million and $2 million, respectively. The SARs liability at December 31,
2006 and December 31, 2005 was $11 million and $8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006, there was $6 million of
unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested awards under this plan excluding the effect of call options. The cost is
expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.42 years.
The option price assumptions used for our SAR plan were as follows:
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Weighted-average fair value per SAR granted
2006
2.8%
23.0%
5.1%-5.4%
5.0
11.06
$
2005
3.3%
24.0%
4.5%-4.9%
5.0
9.06
$
2004
3.0%
25.0%
2.5%-3.9%
5.0
8.98
$
Expected volatility is measured based on the historical volatility of the LNC stock price. The expected term of the options
granted represents time from the grant date to the exercise date.
Information with respect to our SAR plan is as follows:
SARs
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
Granted-original
Exercised (includes shares tendered)
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006 (1)
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
(1) Includes estimated forfeitures.
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
44.24
$
54.91
44.17
46.83
46.69
$
$
$
46.64
45.83
Shares
1,098,126
182,550
(485,482)
(57,015)
738,179
728,829
273,990
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
2.38
2.37
1.12
$
15
14
$
$
6
The payment for SARs exercised during 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $6 million, $5 million and $6 million, respectively.
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In addition to the stock-based incentives discussed above, we have awarded restricted shares of our stock (non-vested stock)
under the incentive compensation plan, generally subject to a three-year vesting period. Information with respect to our restricted
stock at December 31, 2006 is as follows:
Nonvested at December 31, 2005
Granted
Vested
Nonvested at December 31, 2006
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Market Value
43.01
$
58.05
40.36
53.82
$
Shares
177,598
221,733
(70,946)
328,385
As of December 31, 2006, there was $12 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested awards under this
plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.98 years.
10. Restrictions, Commitments and Contingencies
Regulatory and Litigation Matters
There continues to be a significant amount of Federal and state regulatory activity in the industry relating to numerous issues
including, but not limited to, market timing and late trading of mutual fund and variable insurance products and broker-dealer
access arrangements. Like others in the industry, we have received inquiries including requests for information and/or subpoenas
from various authorities including the SEC, National Association of Securities Dealers (“NASD”), and the New York Attorney
General, as well as notices of potential proceedings from the SEC and NASD. We are in the process of responding to, and in
some cases have settled, certain of these inquiries and potential proceedings. We continue to cooperate fully with such authorities.
Regulators also continue to focus on replacement and exchange issues. Under certain circumstances companies have been
held responsible for replacing existing policies with policies that were less advantageous to the policyholder. Our management
continues to monitor compliance procedures to minimize any potential liability. Due to the uncertainty surrounding all of these
matters, it is not possible to provide a meaningful estimate of the range of potential outcomes; however, it is management’s
opinion that future developments will not materially affect our consolidated financial position.
In the ordinary course of its business, LNC and its subsidiaries are involved in various pending or threatened legal
proceedings, including purported class actions, arising from the conduct of business. In some instances, these proceedings include
claims for unspecified or substantial punitive damages and similar types of relief in addition to amounts for alleged contractual
liability or requests for equitable relief. After consultation with legal counsel and a review of available facts, it is management’s
opinion that these proceedings, after consideration of any reserves and rights to indemnification, ultimately will be resolved
without materially affecting the consolidated financial position of LNC. However, given the large and indeterminate amounts
sought in certain of these proceedings and the inherent difficulty in predicting the outcome of such legal proceedings, including the
proceeding described below, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain matters could be material to our operating results for
any particular reporting period.
Transamerica Investment Management, LLC and Transamerica Investments Services, Inc. v. Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. (dba
Delaware Investments), Delaware Investment Advisers and certain individuals, was filed in the San Francisco County Superior Court on April
28, 2005. The plaintiffs are seeking substantial compensatory and punitive damages. The complaint alleges breach of fiduciary
duty, breach of duty of loyalty, breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unfair
competition, interference with prospective economic advantage, conversion, unjust enrichment, and conspiracy. We and the
individual defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
Statutory Information and Restrictions
The Company’s domestic life insurance subsidiaries prepare financial statements on the basis of statutory accounting
principles (“SAP”) prescribed or permitted by the insurance departments of their states of domicile. Prescribed SAP includes the
Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) as well as state
laws, regulations and administrative rules. Permitted SAP encompasses all accounting practices not so prescribed.
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The state of Indiana has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in NAIC statutory
accounting practices and affect the reported statutory surplus for The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company (“LNL”). LNL
utilizes the Indiana universal life method to calculate reserves for universal life policies, which increased statutory surplus by $227
million and $210 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. LNL also uses a permitted valuation interest rate on certain
annuities, which decreased statutory surplus by $14 million and $15 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Net income as determined in accordance with statutory accounting practices for our domestic insurance subsidiaries was
$382 million, $544 million and $310 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Statutory surplus as determined in accordance
with statutory accounting practices for our domestic insurance subsidiaries was $4.9 billion and $3.2 billion at December 31, 2006
and 2005, respectively.
Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain insurance department regulatory restrictions as to the transfer of funds and
payment of dividends to the holding company. Generally, these restrictions pose no short-term liquidity concerns for the holding
company. For example, under Indiana laws and regulations, our Indiana insurance subsidiaries, including one of our major
insurance subsidiaries, LNL, may pay dividends to LNC only from unassigned surplus, without prior approval of the Indiana
Insurance Commissioner (the “Commissioner”), or must receive prior approval of the Commissioner to pay a dividend if such
dividend, along with all other dividends paid within the preceding twelve consecutive months, would exceed the statutory
limitation. The current statutory limitation is the greater of (i) 10% of the insurer’s policyholders’ surplus, as shown on its last
annual statement on file with the Commissioner or (ii) the insurer’s statutory net gain from operations for the previous twelve
months, but in no event to exceed statutory unassigned surplus. Indiana law gives the Commissioner broad discretion to
disapprove requests for dividends in excess of these limits. Our other major insurance subsidiaries, Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance
Company, Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company, and Jefferson Pilot LifeAmerica Insurance Company are domiciled in
North Carolina, Nebraska and New Jersey, respectively, and are subject to similar, but not identical, restrictions.
Our domestic insurance subsidiaries paid dividends of $569 million and $200 million to the ultimate parent during 2006 and
2005, respectively, which did not require prior approval of the Commissioners. Based upon anticipated on-going positive statutory
earnings and favorable credit markets, we expect our domestic insurance subsidiaries could pay dividends of approximately $666
million in 2007 without prior approval from the respective Commissioners.
LNL is recognized as an accredited reinsurer in the state of New York, which effectively enables it to conduct reinsurance
business with unrelated insurance companies that are domiciled within the state of New York. As a result, in addition to regulatory
restrictions imposed by the state of Indiana, LNL is also subject to the regulatory requirements that the State of New York imposes
upon authorized insurers. These include reserve requirements, which differ from Indiana’s requirements.
The New York regulations require LNL to report more reserves to the state of New York. As a result, the level of statutory
surplus that LNL reports to New York is less than the statutory surplus reported to Indiana and the National Association of
Insurance Commissioners. If New York requires us to maintain a higher level of capital to remain an accredited reinsurer in New
York, LNL’s ability to pay dividends to us could be constrained. However, we do not expect that LNL’s ability to pay dividends
during 2007 will be constrained as a result of our status in New York.
Lincoln UK’s operations consist primarily of unit-linked life and pension products, which are similar to U.S. produced
variable life and annuity products. Lincoln UK’s insurance subsidiaries are regulated by the U.K. Financial Services Authority
(“FSA”) and are subject to capital requirements as defined by the U.K. Capital Resources Requirement. All insurance companies
operating in the U.K. also have to complete a risk-based capital (“RBC”) assessment to demonstrate to the FSA that they hold
sufficient capital to cover their risks. RBC requirements in the U.K. are different than the NAIC requirements. In addition, the
FSA has imposed certain minimum capital requirements for the combined U.K. subsidiaries. Lincoln UK maintains approximately
1.5 to 2 times the required capital as prescribed by the regulatory margin. As is the case with regulated insurance companies in the
U.S., changes to regulatory capital requirements can impact the dividend capacity of the UK insurance subsidiaries and cash flow to
us. During 2006, Lincoln UK paid dividends of $85 million to LNC.
Reinsurance Contingencies
Our amounts recoverable from reinsurers represent receivables from and reserves ceded to reinsurers. We obtain
reinsurance from a diverse group of reinsurers, and we monitor concentration as well as financial strength ratings of our principal
reinsurers. Swiss Re Life & Health America, Inc. (“Swiss Re”) represents our largest reinsurance exposure. In 2001, Swiss Re
acquired our reinsurance operation and personal accident business through indemnity reinsurance transactions. We recorded the
gain related to the indemnity reinsurance transactions on the business sold to Swiss Re as deferred gain in the liability section of
our Consolidated Balance Sheets in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 113, “Accounting and Reporting for
Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-Duration Contracts” (“SFAS 113”). The deferred gain is being amortized into income at
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the rate that earnings on the reinsured business are expected to emerge, over a period of 15 years. During 2006, 2005 and 2004 we
amortized $50 million, after-tax ($76 million pre-tax), $50 million, after-tax ($77 million pre-tax) and $57 million, after-tax ($88
million, pre-tax) respectively, of deferred gain on the sale of the reinsurance operation. In the third quarter of 2004, we adjusted
the deferred gain up by $77 million. As a result, the amortization of the deferred gain in 2004 included an adjustment upward of $9
million after-tax.
Because of ongoing uncertainty related to personal accident business, the reserves related to these exited business lines
carried on our balance sheets at December 31, 2006, may ultimately prove to be either excessive or deficient. For instance, in the
event that future developments indicate that these reserves should be increased, under SFAS 113 LNC would record a current
period non-cash charge to record the increase in reserves. Because Swiss Re is responsible for paying the underlying claims to the
ceding companies, we would record a corresponding increase in reinsurance recoverable from Swiss Re. However, SFAS 113 does
not permit us to take the full benefit in earnings for the recording of the increase in the reinsurance recoverable in the period of the
change. Rather, we would increase the deferred gain recognized upon the closing of the indemnity reinsurance transaction with
Swiss Re and would report a cumulative amortization “catch-up” adjustment to the deferred gain balance as increased earnings
recognized in the period of change. Any amount of additional increase to the deferred gain above the cumulative amortization
“catch-up” adjustment must continue to be deferred and will be amortized into income in future periods over the remaining period
of expected run-off of the underlying business. We would transfer no cash to Swiss Re as a result of these developments.
Because we are not relieved of our liability to the ceding companies for this business, the liabilities and obligations associated
with the reinsured contracts remain on our Consolidated Balance Sheets with a corresponding reinsurance receivable from the
business sold to Swiss Re, which totaled $4.1 billion at December 31, 2006. Swiss Re has funded a trust, with a balance of $1.9
billion at December 31, 2006, to support this business. In addition to various remedies that we would have in the event of a
default by Swiss Re, we continue to hold assets in support of certain of the transferred reserves. These assets consist of those
reported as trading securities and certain mortgage loans. Our liabilities for funds withheld and embedded derivatives at December
31, 2006, included $2.1 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively, related to the business reinsured by Swiss Re.
United Kingdom Selling Practices
Various selling practices of the Lincoln UK operation have come under scrutiny by the U.K. regulators. These include the
sale and administration of mortgage endowment products.
During 2005, there was aggressive marketing by companies seeking to pursue claims on behalf of individual policyholders
prior to the expiration of time limits for making complaint. Based upon our evaluation of this trend in 2005, we increased the
reserve for selling practice matters by $11 million pre-tax ($7 million after-tax).
In July 2006, we negotiated a memorandum of understanding with certain of our liability carriers, from whom we received a
reimbursement during the third quarter of 2006 of $26 million for certain losses incurred in connection with certain United
Kingdom selling practices. The reimbursement was included in net income for the third quarter in Other Operations. We
continue to pursue claims with other liability carriers, and we cannot reasonably predict either the timing or the amount of any
future reimbursements.
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the aggregate liability associated with Lincoln UK selling practices was $7 million and $13
million, respectively. On an ongoing basis, Lincoln UK evaluates various assumptions underlying these estimated liabilities,
including the expected levels of future complaints and the potential implications with respect to the adequacy of the aggregate
liability associated with U.K. selling practice matters. Any changes in the regulatory position on time limits for making a complaint
regarding the sale of mortgage endowment contracts or higher than expected levels of complaints may result in Lincoln UK
revising its estimate of the required level of these liabilities. The reserves for these issues are based on various estimates that are
subject to considerable uncertainty. Future changes in complaint levels could effect Lincoln UK’s ultimate exposure to mis-selling
issues, although we believe that any future change would not materially affect our consolidated financial position.
Media Commitments
Lincoln Financial Media has commitments to purchase future sports programming rights, and for employment contracts,
leases and syndicated television programming of approximately $285 million through 2011 and $16 million thereafter. We have
offset the purchase of these programming rights by receiving commitments from other entities to purchase a portion of our sports
programming rights of approximately $206 million through 2011, as well as by entering into advertising contracts with customers
for the airing of commercials. These commitments are not reflected as an asset or liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheets
because the programs are not currently available for use.
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Leases
Certain of our subsidiaries lease their home office properties through sale-leaseback agreements. The agreements provide for
a 25-year lease period with options to renew for six additional terms of five years each. The agreements also provide us with the
right of first refusal to purchase the properties during the terms of the lease, including renewal periods, at a price defined in the
agreements. We also have the option to purchase the leased properties at fair market value as defined in the agreements on the last
day of the initial 25-year lease period ending in 2009 or the last day of any of the renewal periods. In 2006, we exercised the right
and option to extend the Fort Wayne lease for two extended terms such that the lease shall expire in 2019. We retain our right and
option to exercise the remaining four extended terms of 5 years each in accordance with the lease agreement.
Total rental expense on operating leases in 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $66 million, $65 million and $66 million, respectively.
Future minimum rental commitments are as follows (in millions):
2007 -
2010 -
$62
$26
2008 -
2011 -
$55
$21
2009 -
Thereafter -
$40
$60
Information Technology Commitment
In February 1998, we signed a seven-year contract with IBM Global Services for information technology services for the
Fort Wayne operations. In February 2004, we completed renegotiations and extended the contract through February 2010.
Annual costs are dependent on usage but are expected to range from $45 million to $50 million.
Lincoln UK Outsourcing Agreement
Lincoln UK agreed to outsource its customer and policy administration functions to the Capita Group Plc (“Capita”) on
August 1, 2002. The contract was originally for a term of 10 years. During 2003, this agreement was converted to an evergreen
contract. The annual cost is based on a per-policy charge plus an amount for other services provided. The total costs over the
next 10 years of the contract are estimated to be $310 million and annual costs over the next five years are estimated to decline
from $37 million to $34 million. The amounts quoted are estimates, as the actual cost will depend on the number of policies in
force and the applicable inflation rate for the period concerned. Lincoln UK or Capita may terminate the contract, subject to the
necessary conditions being satisfied, by serving six and 12 months notice, respectively.
The services provided to the segment under the Capita agreement are currently deemed to be exempt from value added tax
(“VAT”). In a recent ruling by the European Court of Justice regarding a similar arrangement involving a Dutch insurer, it was
deemed that VAT should be applied to such an arrangement. The U.K. authorities are required to take note of this ruling in
determining U.K. legislation and in July 2005 issued a consultation paper outlining their intention to amend U.K. legislation so that
VAT applies to contracts, such as our arrangement with Capita. In December 2005, U.K. authorities postponed their decision to
implement legislation until after the European Commission has completed its review of the VAT treatment of insurance and
financial services. It is uncertain when this review will be completed and what the outcome will be. Future changes in the
application of VAT to Lincoln UK’s outsourcing arrangement with Capita could impact the segment’s results, although we believe
that any future change would not materially affect our consolidated financial position.
In return for agreeing to outsource its customer and policy administration functions to Capita, the agreement with Capita
included payments that we could receive upon the achievement of certain contingencies. In 2004, we exercised our put options
and recognized a gain of $10 million pre-tax ($7 million after-tax), in respect of the future contingent payments under this
arrangement. In 2005, we reached an agreement to settle in full the residual contingent payments under this arrangement, resulting
in a gain of $14 million pre-tax ($9 million after-tax).
Football Stadium Naming Rights Commitment
In 2002, we entered into an agreement with the Philadelphia Eagles to name the Eagles’ new stadium Lincoln Financial Field.
In exchange for the naming rights, we agreed to pay $140 million over a 20-year period through annual payments to the Eagles,
which average approximately $7 million per year. The total amount includes a maximum annual increase related to the Consumer
Price Index (“CPI”). This future commitment has not been recorded as a liability in our balance sheets as it is being accounted for
in a manner consistent with the accounting for operating leases under SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.”
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Insurance Ceded and Assumed
Our insurance companies cede insurance to other companies. The portion of risks exceeding each company’s retention limit
is reinsured with other insurers. We seek reinsurance coverage within the businesses that sell life insurance to limit its liabilities.
As a result of the Jefferson-Pilot merger, we currently have two reinsurance programs – one for LNL and its insurance
subsidiaries, Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York and First Penn-Pacific Life Insurance Company (the “LNL
program”), and one for the Jefferson-Pilot insurance companies (the “JP program”). Under the LNL program, we reinsure
approximately 85% to 90% of the mortality risk on newly issued non-term life insurance contracts and approximately 45% to 50%
of total mortality risk including term insurance contracts. Our policy for this program is to retain no more than $5 million on a
single insured life issued on fixed and variable universal life insurance contracts. Additionally, the retention per single insured life
for term life insurance and for Corporate Owned Life Insurance is $1 million and $2 million, respectively. Portions of our deferred
annuity business have been reinsured on a Modco basis with other companies to limit our exposure to interest rate risks. At
December 31, 2006, the reserves associated with these reinsurance arrangements totaled $1.8 billion. To cover products other than
life insurance, we acquire other insurance coverages with retentions and limits that management believes are appropriate for the
circumstances. The accompanying financial statements reflect premiums, benefits and deferred acquisition costs, net of insurance
ceded (see Note 6). Our insurance companies remain liable if their reinsurers are unable to meet contractual obligations under
applicable reinsurance agreements.
The insurance subsidiaries participating in the JP program are Jefferson Pilot Financial Insurance Company, Jefferson Pilot
LifeAmerica Insurance Company and Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company. For the JP program, our policy is to reinsure risks
in excess of retention, which ranges from less than $1 million to $2 million, depending on the retention limit set for various
individual life and annuity products, on a single insured life. We also attempt to reduce exposure to losses that may result from
unfavorable events or circumstances by reinsuring certain levels and types of accident and health insurance risks underwritten.
Certain of our insurance companies assume insurance from other companies. At December 31, 2006, our insurance
companies provided $43 million of statutory surplus relief to other insurance companies under reinsurance transactions. Generally,
such amounts are offset by corresponding receivables from the ceding company, which are secured by future profits on the
reinsured business. However, our insurance companies are subject to the risk that the ceding company may become insolvent and
the right of offset would not be permitted. Our reinsurance operations were acquired by Swiss Re in December 2001, through a
series of indemnity reinsurance transactions. Under the indemnity reinsurance agreements, Swiss Re reinsured certain of our
liabilities and obligations. Because we are not relieved of our legal liability to the ceding companies, the liabilities and obligations
associated with the reinsured contracts remain on our balance sheets with a corresponding reinsurance receivable from Swiss Re.
Letters of Credit
We maintain two credit facilities to issue standby letters of credit on behalf of our subsidiaries and for the benefit of third
parties: a $1.6 billion five-year credit facility entered into during March of 2006 and maturing in March of 2011; and a $1.0 billion
five-year credit facility entered into during February of 2006 and maturing in February of 2011. These LOCs support our
reinsurance needs and specific treaties associated with our reinsurance business acquired by Swiss Re in 2001. LOCs are primarily
used to satisfy the U.S. regulatory requirements of domestic clients of the former Reinsurance segment who have contracted with
the reinsurance subsidiaries not domiciled in the United States and for the reserve credit provided by our affiliated offshore
reinsurance company to our domestic insurance companies for ceded business. The LOC allows the cedents to take credit for
reinsured reserves on their statutory balance sheets. At December 31, 2006, there was a total of $1.2 billion in outstanding LOCs.
LNL is actively exploring strategies to lessen the burden of increased AXXX statutory reserves associated with its universal
life lapse protection rider (“LPR”) product. Strategies include both reinsurance and capital markets solutions that provide for risk
transfer and associated reserve and surplus relief. Currently, this business is reinsured with a non-U.S. domiciled subsidiary. At
December 31, 2006, approximately $975 million of the outstanding LOCs under the bank agreements were supporting the
reinsurance obligations of our non-U.S. domiciled subsidiary to LNL on this LPR product.
Vulnerability from Concentrations
At December 31, 2006, we did not have a material concentration of financial instruments in a single investee or industry.
Our investments in mortgage loans principally involve commercial real estate. At December 31, 2006, 27% of such mortgages, or
$2 billion, involved properties located in California and Texas. Such investments consist of first mortgage liens on completed
income-producing properties, and the mortgage outstanding on any individual property does not exceed $60 million. Also at
December 31, 2006, we did not have a concentration of: 1) business transactions with a particular customer or lender; 2) sources
of supply of labor or services used in the business or; 3) a market or geographic area in which business is conducted that makes it
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vulnerable to an event that is at least reasonably possible to occur in the near term and which could cause a severe impact to our
financial position.
Although we do not have any significant concentration of customers, our American Legacy Variable Annuity product offered
in our Individual Markets Annuities segment is significant to this segment. The American Legacy Variable Annuity product
accounted for 49%, 48% and 45% of Individual Markets Annuities deposits in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively and represented
approximately 67% of our total Individual Markets Annuities variable annuity product account values at December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004. In addition, fund choices for certain of our other variable annuity products offered in our Individual Markets Individual
Annuity segment include American Fund Insurance Seriessm (“AFIS”) funds. For the Individual Markets Individual Annuity
segment, AFIS funds accounted for 60%, 57% and 56% of variable annuity product deposits in 2006, 2005 and 2004 respectively
and represented 57%, 52% and 51% of the segment’s total variable annuity product account values at December 31, 2006, 2005
and 2004, respectively.
Other Contingency Matters
State guaranty funds assess insurance companies to cover losses to policyholders of insolvent or rehabilitated companies.
Mandatory assessments may be partially recovered through a reduction in future premium taxes in some states. We have accrued
for expected assessments net of estimated future premium tax deductions.
Guarantees
We have guarantees with off-balance-sheet risks having contractual values of $3 million and $4 million at December 31, 2006
and 2005, respectively, whose contractual amounts represent credit exposure. Certain of our subsidiaries have sold commercial
mortgage loans through grantor trusts, which issued pass-through certificates. These subsidiaries have agreed to repurchase any
mortgage loans which remain delinquent for 90 days at a repurchase price substantially equal to the outstanding principal balance
plus accrued interest thereon to the date of repurchase. In case of default by borrowers, we have recourse to the underlying real
estate. It is management’s opinion that the value of the properties underlying these commitments is sufficient that in the event of
default, the impact would not be material to us. These guarantees expire in 2009.
We guarantee the repayment of operating leases on facilities that we have subleased to third parties, which obligate us to pay
in the event the third parties fail to perform their payment obligations under the subleasing agreements. We have recourse to the
third parties enabling us to recover any amounts paid under our guarantees. The annual rental payments subject to these
guarantees are $15 million and expire in 2009.
Derivative Instruments
We maintain an overall risk management strategy that incorporates the use of derivative instruments to minimize significant
unplanned fluctuations in earnings that are caused by interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, equity risk, and credit risk. We assess
these risks by continually identifying and monitoring changes in interest rate exposure, foreign currency exposure, equity market
exposure, and credit exposure that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities.
Derivative instruments that are currently used as part of our interest rate risk management strategy include interest rate swaps,
interest rate futures and interest rate caps. Derivative instruments that are used as part of our foreign currency risk management
strategy include foreign currency swaps and foreign exchange forwards. Call options on our stock, call options on the S&P 500®
index, total return swaps, put options and equity futures are used as part of our equity market risk management strategy. We also
use credit default swaps as part of our credit risk management strategy.
As a result of our acquisition of Jefferson-Pilot, we now distribute indexed annuity contracts. These contracts permit the
holder to elect an interest rate return or an equity market component, where interest credited to the contracts is linked to the
performance of the S&P 500® index. Policyholders may elect to rebalance index options at renewal dates, either annually or
biannually. At each renewal date, we have the opportunity to re-price the indexed component by establishing participation rates,
subject to minimum guarantees. We purchase S&P 500® index call options that are highly correlated to the portfolio allocation
decisions of our policyholders, such that we are economically hedged with respect to equity returns for the current reset period.
The mark-to-market of the options held impacts net investment income and generally offsets the change in value of the embedded
derivative within the indexed annuity, which is recorded as a component of interest credited to policyholders’ within insurance
benefits. SFAS 133 requires that we calculate fair values of index options we may purchase in the future to hedge policyholder
index allocations in future reset periods. These fair values represent an estimate of the cost of the options we will purchase in the
future, discounted back to the date of the balance sheet, using current market indicators of volatility and interest rates. Changes in
the fair values of these liabilities are included in interest credited. The notional amounts of policyholder fund balances allocated to
the equity-index options were $2.4 billion at December 31, 2006.
170
By using derivative instruments, we are exposed to credit risk (our counterparty fails to make payment) and market risk (the
value of the instrument falls and we are required to make a payment). When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, this
generally indicates that the counterparty owes us and, therefore, creates a credit risk for us equal to the extent of the fair value gain
in the derivative. When the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, this generally indicates we owe the counterparty and
therefore we have no credit risk, but have been affected by market risk. We minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments by
entering into transactions with high quality counterparties with minimum credit ratings that are reviewed regularly by us, by limiting
the amount of credit exposure to any one counterparty, and by requiring certain counterparties to post collateral if our credit risk
exceeds certain limits. We also maintain a policy of requiring all derivative contracts to be governed by an International Swaps and
Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) Master Agreement. We do not believe that the credit or market risks associated with derivative
instruments are material to any insurance subsidiary or the Company.
We and our insurance subsidiaries are required to maintain minimum ratings as a matter of routine practice in negotiating
ISDA agreements. Under some ISDA agreements our insurance subsidiaries have agreed to maintain certain financial strength or
claims-paying ratings. A downgrade below these levels could result in termination of the derivatives contract at which time any
amounts payable by us would be dependent on the market value of the underlying derivative contract. In certain transactions, we
and the counterparty have entered into a collateral support agreement requiring us to post collateral upon significant downgrade.
We do not believe the inclusion of termination or collateralization events pose any material threat to the liquidity position of any
insurance subsidiary or the Company.
Market risk is the adverse effect that a change in interest rates, currency rates, implied volatility rates, or a change in certain
equity indexes or instruments has on the value of a financial instrument. We manage the market risk by establishing and
monitoring limits as to the types and degree of risk that may be undertaken.
Our derivative instruments are monitored by our risk management committee as part of that committee’s oversight of our
derivative activities. Our derivative instruments committee is responsible for implementing various hedging strategies that are
developed through its analysis of financial simulation models and other internal and industry sources. The resulting hedging
strategies are incorporated into our overall risk management strategies.
171
We have derivative instruments with off-balance-sheet risks whose notional or contract amounts exceed the credit exposure.
Outstanding derivative instruments with off-balance-sheet risks, shown in notional or contract amounts along with their carrying
value and estimated fair values, are as follows:
(in millions)
Interest rate derivative instruments:
Interest rate cap agreements
Interest rate futures
Interest rate swap agreements
Treasury lock agreements
Total interest rate derivative instruments
Foreign currency derivative instruments:
Foreign currency swaps
Credit derivative instruments:
Credit default swaps
Equity indexed derivative instruments:
Equity futures
Total return swaps
Put options
Call options (based on SPX index)
Call options (based on LNC stock)
Total equity indexed derivative instruments
Embedded derivatives per SFAS No. 133
Total derivative instruments*
Notional or
Contract Amounts
2006
2005
Assets (Liabilities)
Carrying Value/
Fair Value
2006
2005
$
5,950
2,897
1,288
-
10,135
$
5,450
1,578
735
200
7,963
2
$
-
8
-
10
5
$
-
11
-
16
86
20
58
20
(7)
-
(5)
-
204
110
2,200
2,356
1
4,871
-
15,112
$
253
101
1,375
-
1
1,730
-
9,771
$
-
-
171
185
22
378
(142)
239
$
-
-
131
-
17
148
(282)
(123)
$
* Total derivative instruments for 2006 were composed of an asset of $415 million recorded in derivative investments, a $52
million contra-liability recorded in insurance policy and claim reserves and a liability of $228 million recorded in reinsurance
related derivative liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Total derivative instruments for 2005 were composed of an
asset of $175 million recorded in derivative investments, a $6 million liability recorded in insurance policy and claim reserves
and a liability of $292 million recorded in reinsurance related derivative liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
172
Treasury Lock
Agreements
2006
$
200
-
(200)
$
-
2005
-
$
200
-
200
$
Credit Default
Swaps
2006
$
2005
$
20
10
(10)
20
13
20
(13)
20
718
37
(20)
735
42
30
(14)
58
A reconciliation of the notional or contract amounts for the significant programs using derivative agreements and contracts is
as follows:
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
New contracts
Terminations and maturities
Balance at end-of-year
Interest Rate
Cap Agreements
2005
2006
$
$
Interest Rate
Swap Agreements
2006
2005
$
$
5,450
750
(250)
5,950
4,000
1,450
-
5,450
735
1,838
(1,285)
1,288
$
$
$
$
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
New contracts
Terminations and maturities
Balance at end-of-year
Foreign Exchange
Forward Contracts
2006
2005
-
-
$
$
44
85
(44)
(85)
$
-
$
-
Foreign Currency
Swap Agreements
2006
2005
$
$
58
30
(2)
86
$
$
$
$
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
New contracts
Terminations and maturities
Balance at end-of-year
Total Return
Swaps
Put Options
2006
$
2005
$
2006
$
2005
$
101
9
-
110
90
11
-
101
1,375
975
(150)
2,200
400
975
-
1,375
$
$
$
$
Call Options
(Based on SPX Index)
Call Options
(Based on LNC Stock)
2006
-
$
3,376
(1,020)
2,356
$
2005
-
$
-
-
$
-
2006
1
$
-
-
$
1
2005
1
$
-
-
$
1
(in millions)
Balance at beginning-of-year
Net change in futures contracts
Balance at end-of-year
Interest Rate
Futures
Equity Futures
2006
$
1,578
1,319
2,897
2005
$
255
1,323
1,578
2006
$
2005
$
253
(49)
204
99
154
253
$
$
$
$
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had derivative instruments that were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges
and fair value hedges. We also had derivative instruments that were not designated as hedging instruments. See Note 1 for a
detailed discussion of the accounting treatment for derivative instruments. For 2006, we recognized a net gain after-DAC and
after-tax of $2 million, and in 2005 and 2004, we recognized net losses after-DAC and after-tax of $1 million and $7 million,
respectively, in net income as a component of realized investment gains and losses. These losses relate to the ineffective portion of
cash flow hedges, the change in market value for derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, and the loss on
swap terminations. For 2006 we recognized gains after-DAC and after-tax of $32 million and in 2005 we recognized losses after-
DAC and after-tax of $7 million, respectively, in OCI related to the change in market value on derivative instruments that are
designated and qualify as cash flow hedges.
Derivative Instruments Designated in Cash Flow Hedges
Interest Rate Swap Agreements. We use interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to floating rate bond
coupon payments, replicating a fixed rate bond. An interest rate swap is a contractual agreement to exchange payments at one or
more times based on the actual or expected price level, performance or value of one or more underlying interest rates. We are
required to pay the counterparty the stream of variable interest payments based on the coupon payments from the hedged bonds,
and in turn, receive a fixed payment from the counterparty, at a predetermined interest rate. The net receipts/payments from these
interest rate swaps are recorded in net investment income. Gains (losses) on interest rate swaps hedging our interest rate exposure
173
on floating rate bond coupon payments are reclassified from accumulated OCI to net income as bond interest is accrued. The
open positions at December 31, 2006, expire in 2007 through 2026.
We also use interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate fluctuations related to the forecasted
purchase of assets for certain investment portfolios. The gains (losses) resulting from the swap agreements are recorded in OCI.
The gains (losses) are reclassified from accumulated OCI to earnings over the life of the assets once the assets are purchased. As
of December 31, 2006, there were no interest rate swaps hedging forecasted asset purchases.
Foreign Currency Swaps. We use foreign currency swaps, which are traded over-the-counter, to hedge some of the foreign
exchange risk of investments in fixed maturity securities denominated in foreign currencies. A foreign currency swap is a
contractual agreement to exchange the currencies of two different countries at a specified rate of exchange in the future. Gains
(losses) on foreign currency swaps hedging foreign exchange risk exposure on foreign currency bond coupon payments are
reclassified from accumulated OCI to net income as bond interest is accrued. The foreign currency swaps expire in 2014 through
2016.
Call Options on LNC Stock. We use call options on our stock to hedge the expected increase in liabilities arising from
SARs granted on our stock. Upon option expiration, the payment, if any, is the increase in our stock price over the strike price of
the option applied to the number of contracts. Call options hedging vested SARs are not eligible for hedge accounting and both
are marked to market through net income. Call options hedging nonvested SARs are eligible for hedge accounting and are
accounted for as cash flow hedges of the forecasted vesting of the SAR liabilities. To the extent that the cash flow hedges are
effective, changes in the fair value of the call options are recorded in accumulated OCI. Amounts recorded in OCI are reclassified
to net income upon vesting of SARs. Our call option positions will be maintained until such time the SARs are either exercised or
expire and our SAR liabilities are extinguished. The SARs expire five years from the date of grant.
Treasury Lock. In 2005, we entered into a treasury lock to hedge the issuance of debt to finance the merger with
Jefferson-Pilot. A treasury lock is an agreement that allows the holder to lock in a benchmark interest rate, so that if the
benchmark interest rate increases, the holder is entitled to receive a payment from the counterparty to the agreement equal to the
present value of the difference in the benchmark interest rate at the determination date and the locked-in benchmark interest rate.
If the benchmark interest rate decreases, the holder must pay the counterparty to the agreement an amount equal to the present
value of the difference in the benchmark interest rate at the determination date and the locked-in benchmark interest rate. The
receipt (payment) from the termination of a treasury lock is recorded in OCI and is reclassified from accumulated OCI to interest
expense over the coupon-paying period of the related senior debt. As of December 31, 2006, we had no outstanding open treasury
locks.
Forward-Starting Interest Rate Swaps. In 2006, we entered into a series of forward-starting interest rate swaps to hedge
the issuance of debt to finance the merger with Jefferson-Pilot. We were required to pay the counterparty(s) a predetermined fixed
stream of payments in exchange for a floating rate stream from the counterparty. By doing so, we were able to hedge the exposure
to fluctuations in interest rates prior to issuing the debt. The receipt from the termination of the forward-starting swaps is
recorded in OCI and is reclassified from accumulated OCI to interest expense over the coupon-paying period of the related debt
issuance. As of December 31, 2006, we had no outstanding open forward-starting swaps.
Gains and losses on derivative contracts that qualify as cash-flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated OCI to current
period earnings. As of December 31, 2006, $7 million of the deferred net gains on derivative instruments accumulated in OCI are
expected to be reclassified to earnings during 2007. This reclassification is primarily due to the receipt of interest payments
associated with variable rate securities and forecasted purchases, payment of interest on our senior debt, the receipt of interest
payments associated with foreign currency securities, and the periodic vesting of SARs.
Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges
Interest Rate Swap Agreements. We use interest rate swap agreements to hedge the risk of paying a higher fixed rate of
interest on junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts and on senior debt than would be paid on long-term debt
based on current interest rates in the marketplace. We are required to pay the counterparty a stream of variable interest payments
based on the referenced index, and in turn, receives a fixed payment from the counterparty, at a predetermined interest rate. The
net receipts/payments from these interest rate swaps are recorded as an adjustment to the interest expense related to the debt
being hedged. The changes in fair value of the interest rate swap are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income in the
period of change along with the offsetting changes in fair value of the debt being hedged. The open position at December 31,
2006, expires in 2007.
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All Other Derivative Instruments
We use various other derivative instruments for risk management and income generation purposes that either do not qualify
for hedge accounting treatment or have not currently been qualified by us for hedge accounting treatment. The gain or loss related
to the change in market value for these derivative instruments is recognized in net income during the period of the change
(reported as realized gain (loss) on investments in our Consolidated Statements of Income except where otherwise noted below).
Interest Rate and Equity Futures. We use interest rate and equity futures contracts to hedge the liability exposure on
certain options in variable annuity products. These futures contracts require payment between our counterparty and us on a daily
basis for changes in the futures index price. Cash settlements on the change in market value of financial futures contracts along
with the resulting gains and losses are recorded daily in net income through the benefits line in the Consolidated Statements of
Income. The open positions at December 31, 2006, all expire in 2007.
Total Return Swaps. We use total return swaps to hedge a portion of the liability related to our deferred compensation
plans. We receive the total return on a portfolio of indexes and pay a floating rate of interest. Cash settlements on the change in
market value of the total return swaps along with the resulting gains and losses are recorded in net income through the
underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses line in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The open positions at
December 31, 2006, do not have a stated contract expiration date.
Foreign Currency Forward Contract. We use foreign currency forward contracts to hedge dividends received from our
U.K.-based subsidiary, Lincoln UK. The foreign currency forward contracts obligate us to deliver a specified amount of currency
at a future date at a specified exchange rate. The contract does not qualify for hedge accounting under FAS 133. Therefore, all
gains or losses on the foreign currency forward contracts are recorded as realized gains (losses). At December 31, 2006, there were
no outstanding foreign currency forward contracts.
Put Options. We use put options to hedge the liability exposure on certain options in variable annuity products. Put
options are contracts that require counterparties to pay us at a specified future date the amount, if any, by which a specified equity
index is less than the strike rate stated in the agreement, applied to a notional amount. Cash settlements on the change in market
value of the put options along with the resulting gains and losses are recorded in net income through the benefits line in the
Consolidated Statements of Income. The open positions at December 31, 2006, expire in 2010 through 2020.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements. We used a forward starting interest rate swap agreement to hedge our exposure to the
forecasted sale of mortgage loans. We were required to pay the counterparty a predetermined fixed stream of payments, and in
return, received payments based on a floating rate from the counterparty. The net receipts/payments from these interest rate
swaps were recorded in realized gain (loss) on investments and derivative instruments. As of December 31, 2006, there were no
forward starting interest rate swap agreements.
Interest Rate Cap Agreements. The interest rate cap agreements entitle us to receive quarterly payments from the
counterparties on specified future reset dates, contingent on future interest rates. For each cap, the amount of such quarterly
payments, if any, is determined by the excess of a market interest rate over a specified cap rate multiplied by the notional amount
divided by four. The purpose of our interest rate cap agreement program is to provide a level of protection for our annuity
business, within both our Individual Markets and Employer Markets businesses, from the effect of rising interest rates. The
interest rate cap agreements provide an economic hedge of the annuity line of business. However, the interest rate cap agreements
are not linked to assets and liabilities on the balance sheets that meet the significantly increased level of specificity required under
SFAS 133. Therefore, the interest rate cap agreements do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133. The open positions
at December 31, 2006, expire in 2007 through 2011.
Credit Default Swaps. We buy credit default swaps to hedge against a drop in bond prices due to credit concerns of certain
bond issuers. A credit swap allows us to put the bond back to the counterparty at par upon a credit event by the bond issuer. A
credit event is defined as bankruptcy, failure to pay, or obligation acceleration. We have not currently qualified credit default swaps
for hedge accounting under SFAS 133, as amounts are insignificant. As of December 31, 2006, we had no outstanding purchased
credit default swaps.
We also sell credit default swaps to offer credit protection to investors. The credit default swaps hedge the investor against a
drop in bond prices due to credit concerns of certain bond issuers. A credit swap allows the investor to put the bond back to us at
par upon a credit event by the bond issuer. A credit event is defined as bankruptcy, failure to pay, or restructuring. As of
December 31, 2006, we had credit swaps with a notional amount of $20 million, which expire in 2010.
175
Call Options on Our Stock. As discussed previously in the Cash Flow Hedges section, we use call options on our stock to
hedge the expected increase in liabilities arising from SARs granted on our stock. Call options hedging vested SARs are not eligible
for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133. Mark-to-market changes are recorded in net income in underwriting, acquisition,
insurance and other expenses.
Derivative Instrument Embedded in Deferred Compensation Plan. We have certain deferred compensation plans that
have embedded derivative instruments. The liability related to these plans varies based on the investment options selected by the
participants. The liability related to certain investment options selected by the participants is marked to market through net income
in underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses.
Derivative Instrument Embedded in Modified Coinsurance and Coinsurance with Funds Withheld Arrangements.
We are involved in various Modco and CFW reinsurance arrangements that have embedded derivatives. The change in fair value
of the embedded derivative, as well as the gains or losses on trading securities supporting these arrangements, flows through net
income.
Derivative Instrument Embedded in Indexed Annuity Products. These contracts permit the holder to elect an interest
rate return or an equity market component, where interest credited to the contracts is linked to the performance of the S&P 500
Index®. Policyholders may elect to rebalance index options at renewal dates, either annually or biannually. At each renewal date,
we have the opportunity to re-price the indexed component by establishing participation rates, subject to minimum guarantees.
We purchase call options that are highly correlated to the portfolio allocation decisions of our policyholders, such that we are
economically hedged with respect to equity returns for the current reset period. The mark-to-market of the options held impacts
net investment income and generally offsets the change in value of the embedded derivative within the indexed annuity, which is
recorded as a component of interest credited to policyholders’ within insurance benefits. The open positions at December 31,
2006, expire in 2007 through 2008.
We also calculate fair values of index options we may purchase in the future to hedge policyholder index allocations in future
reset periods. These fair values represent an estimate of the cost of the options we will purchase in the future, discounted back to
the date of the balance sheet, using current market indicators of volatility and interest rates. Changes in the fair values of these
liabilities are included as a component of interest credited to policyholders’ within insurance benefits.
Derivative Instrument Embedded in Variable Annuity Products. We have certain variable annuity products with
GMWB and GIB features that are embedded derivatives. The change in fair value of the embedded derivatives flows through net
income through the benefits line in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Approximately $13.2 billion and $8.2 billion of
separate account values at December 31, 2006 and 2005 were attributable to variable annuities with a GMWB feature. At
December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had approximately $2.7 billion and $1.2 billion respectively, of separate account values that were
attributable to variable annuities with a GIB feature. All of the outstanding contracts with a GIB feature are still in the
accumulation phase.
We implemented a hedging strategy designed to mitigate the income statement volatility caused by changes in the equity
markets, interest rates, and volatility associated with GMWB and GIB features. The hedging strategy is designed such that changes
in the value of the hedge contracts move in the opposite direction of changes in the value of the embedded derivatives of the
GMWB and GIB contracts subject to the hedging strategy. While we actively manage our hedge positions, these hedge positions
may not be totally effective to offset changes in the embedded derivative due to, among other things, differences in timing between
when a market exposure changes and corresponding changes to the hedge positions, extreme swings in the equity markets and
interest rates, market volatility, policyholder behavior, divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the
hedging indices, divergence between the actual and expected performance of the hedge instruments, or our ability to purchase
hedging instruments at prices consistent with its desired risk and return trade-off.
Derivative Instruments Embedded in Available-for-Sale Securities. We own various debt securities that (a) contain call
options to exchange the debt security for other specified securities of the borrower, usually common stock, or (b) contain call
options to receive the return on equity-like indexes. The change in fair value of the embedded derivatives flows through net
income. These embedded derivatives have not been qualified for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133.
We have used certain other derivative instruments in the past for hedging purposes. Although other derivative instruments
may have been used in the past, derivative types that were not outstanding from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2006 are
not discussed in this disclosure.
Additional Derivative Information. Income other than realized gains and losses for the agreements and contracts
described above amounted to $27 million, $28 million and $27 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
176
We are exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties on various derivative contracts. However,
we do not anticipate nonperformance by any of the counterparties. The credit risk associated with such agreements is minimized
by purchasing such agreements from financial institutions with long-standing, superior performance records. The amount of such
exposure is essentially the net replacement cost or market value less collateral held for such agreements with each counterparty if
the net market value is in our favor. At December 31, 2006, the exposure was $346 million.
11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following discussion outlines the methodologies and assumptions used to determine the estimated fair value of our
financial instruments. Considerable judgment is required to develop these fair values. Accordingly, the estimates shown are not
necessarily indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a one-time, current market exchange of all of our financial
instruments.
Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities—Available-for-Sale and Trading Securities. Fair values for fixed maturity
securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. For fixed maturity securities not actively traded, fair values are
estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services. In the case of private placements, fair values are estimated by
discounting expected future cash flows using a current market rate applicable to the coupon rate, credit quality and maturity of the
investments. The fair values for equity securities are based on quoted market prices.
Mortgage Loans on Real Estate. The estimated fair value of mortgage loans on real estate are established using a
discounted cash flow method based on credit rating, maturity and future income. The ratings for mortgages in good standing are
based on property type, location, market conditions, occupancy, debt service coverage, loan to value, quality of tenancy, borrower
and payment record. Fair values for impaired mortgage loans are based on: 1) the present value of expected future cash flows
discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; 2) the loan’s market price; or 3) the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral
dependent.
Policy Loans. The estimated fair value of investments in policy loans are calculated on a composite discounted cash flow
basis using Treasury interest rates consistent with the maturity durations assumed. These durations are based on historical
experience.
Derivative Instruments. We employ several different methods for determining the fair value of our derivative instruments.
Fair values for derivative contracts are based on current settlement values. These values are based on: 1) quoted market prices; 2)
industry standard models that are commercially available; and 3) broker quotes. These techniques project cash flows of the
derivatives using current and implied future market conditions. We calculate the present value of the cash flows to determine the
derivatives’ current fair market value.
Other Investments, and Cash and Invested Cash. The carrying value for assets classified as other investments, and cash
and invested cash in the accompanying balance sheets approximates their fair value. Other investments include limited partnership
and other privately held investments that are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Investment Type Insurance Contracts. The balance sheet captions, “Insurance Policy and Claims Reserves” and
“Contractholder Funds,” include investment type insurance contracts (i.e., deposit contracts and certain guaranteed interest
contracts). The fair values for the deposit contracts and certain guaranteed interest contracts are based on their approximate
surrender values. The fair values for the remaining guaranteed interest and similar contracts are estimated using discounted cash
flow calculations. These calculations are based on interest rates currently offered on similar contracts with maturities that are
consistent with those remaining for the contracts being valued.
The remainder of the balance sheet captions, “Insurance Policy and Claims Reserves” and “Contractholder Funds” that do
not fit the definition of “investment type insurance contracts” are considered insurance contracts. Fair value disclosures are not
required for these insurance contracts, nor have we determined the fair value of such contracts. It is our position that not
disclosing the fair value of these insurance contracts is important because readers of these financial statements could draw
inappropriate conclusions about our shareholders’ equity determined on a fair value basis. It could be misleading if only the fair
value of assets and liabilities defined as financial instruments are disclosed. Along with other companies in the insurance industry,
we are monitoring the related actions of the various rule-making bodies and attempting to determine an appropriate methodology
for estimating and disclosing the “fair value” of their insurance contract liabilities.
Short-term and Long-term Debt. Fair values for our Senior Notes and Capital Securities are based on quoted market
prices or estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on our incremental borrowing rate at the balance sheet date for
177
similar types of borrowing arrangements where quoted prices are not available. Fair values for junior subordinated debentures
issued to affiliated trusts are based on quoted market prices. For short-term debt, excluding current maturities of long-term debt,
the carrying value approximates fair value.
Guarantees. Our guarantees relate to mortgage loan pass-through certificates. Based on historical performance where
repurchases have been negligible and the current status of the debt, none of the loans are delinquent and the fair value liability for
the guarantees related to mortgage loan pass-through certificates is insignificant.
Investment Commitments. Fair values for commitments to make investments in fixed maturity securities (primarily
private placements), mortgage loans on real estate and real estate are based on the difference between the value of the committed
investments as of the date of the accompanying balance sheets and the commitment date. These estimates take into account
changes in interest rates, the counterparties’ credit standing and the remaining terms of the commitments.
Separate Accounts. We report assets held in separate accounts at fair value. The related liabilities are also reported at fair
value in amounts equal to the separate account assets.
The carrying values and estimated fair values of our financial instruments are as follows:
(in millions)
Assets (Liabilities)
Securities available-for-sale:
Fixed maturities
Equity
Trading securities
Mortgage loans on real estate
Policy loans
Derivative instruments*
Other investments
Cash and invested cash
Investment type insurance contracts:
2006
2005
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
$
55,853
701
3,036
7,384
2,760
239
918
1,621
$
55,853
701
3,036
7,570
2,986
239
918
1,621
$
33,443
145
3,246
3,663
1,862
(123)
452
2,312
$
33,443
145
3,246
3,860
2,008
(123)
452
2,312
Deposit contracts and certain guaranteed
interest contracts
(28,629)
(28,605)
(21,147)
(21,150)
Remaining guaranteed interest and similar
contracts
Short-term debt
Long-term debt:
Senior notes
Junior subordinated debentures issued
to affiliated trusts
Capital securities
Guarantees
Investment commitments
(334)
(658)
(334)
(658)
(2,231)
(2,275)
(155)
(1,072)
-
-
(153)
(1,133)
-
(2)
(13)
(120)
(999)
(334)
-
-
-
(13)
(120)
(1,040)
(327)
-
-
-
*
Total derivative instruments for 2006 are composed of an asset of $415 million recorded in derivative investments, a $52
million contra-liability recorded in insurance policy and claim reserves and a liability of $228 million recorded in reinsurance
related derivative liability. Total derivative instruments for 2005 are composed of an asset of $175 million recorded in
derivative investments, a $6 million liability recorded in insurance policy and claim reserves and a liability of $292 million
recorded in the reinsurance related derivative liability.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the carrying value of the deposit contracts and certain guaranteed contracts is net of
DAC of $789 million and $383 million, respectively, excluding adjustments for DAC applicable to changes in the fair value of
securities. The carrying values of these contracts are stated net of DAC so that they are comparable with the fair value basis.
178
12. Segment Information
In the quarter ended June 30, 2006, we completed our merger with Jefferson-Pilot and changed our management
organization. We also realigned our reporting segments to reflect the current manner by which our chief operating decision makers
view and manage the business. All segment data for reporting periods have been adjusted to reflect the current segment reporting.
As a result of these changes, we provide products and services in five operating businesses: (1) Individual Markets, (2) Employer
Markets, (3) Investment Management, (4) Lincoln UK and (5) Lincoln Financial Media, and report results through seven business
segments. The following is a brief description of these segments.
Individual Markets. The Individual Markets business provides its products through two segments: Individual Annuities and
Individual Life Insurance. The Individual Annuities segment provides tax-deferred investment growth and lifetime income
opportunities for its clients by offering individual fixed annuities, including indexed annuities, and variable annuities. The
Individual Annuities segment also offers broker-dealer services through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Individual Life
Insurance segment offers wealth protection and transfer opportunities through both single and survivorship versions of universal
life, variable universal life, and term insurance, as well as a linked-benefit product, which is a universal life insurance policy linked
with riders that provide for long-term care costs.
Employer Markets. The Employer Markets business provides its products through two key segments—Retirement Products
and Group Protection. The Retirement Products segment includes two major lines of business: Defined Contribution and
Executive Benefits. The Defined Contribution business provides employer-sponsored fixed and variable annuities, mutual fund-
based programs in the 401(k), 403(b) and 457 plan marketplaces through a wide range of intermediaries including advisors,
consultants, broker, banks, wirehouses, third-party administrators, and individual planners. The Executive Benefits business offers
corporate-owned universal and variable universal life insurance and bank-owned universal and variable universal life insurance to
small to mid-sized banks and mid to large-sized corporations, mostly through executive benefit brokers. The Group Protection
segment focuses on offering group term life, disability income and dental insurance primarily in the small to mid-sized employer
marketplace for their eligible employees.
Investment Management. The Investment Management segment, through Delaware Investments, provides a broad range of
managed accounts and portfolios, mutual funds, subadvised funds, and other investment products to individual investors and to
institutional investors such as private and public pension funds, foundations, and endowment funds. Delaware Investments is the
marketing name for Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Lincoln UK. Lincoln UK is headquartered in Barnwood, Gloucester, England, and is licensed to do business throughout the
United Kingdom. Lincoln UK primarily focuses on protecting and enhancing the value of its existing customer base. The segment
accepts new deposits from existing relationships and markets a limited range of new products. Lincoln UK’s product portfolio
principally consists of unit-linked life and pension products, which are similar to U.S. produced variable life and annuity products,
where the risk associated with the underlying investments is borne by the policyholders.
Lincoln Financial Media. The Lincoln Financial Media segment operates domestic radio and television broadcasting stations
and produces syndicated collegiate sports programming, with operations located in strategically selected markets in the
Southeastern and Western United States.
We also have “Other Operations,” which includes the financial data for operations that are not directly related to the
business segments, unallocated corporate items (such as investment income on investments related to the amount of statutory
surplus in our insurance subsidiaries that is not allocated to our business units and other corporate investments, interest expense on
short-term and long-term borrowings, and certain expenses, including restructuring and merger-related expenses), along with the
ongoing amortization of deferred gain on the indemnity reinsurance portion of the transaction with Swiss Re. Other Operations
also includes the eliminations of intercompany transactions and the inter-segment elimination of the investment advisory fees for
asset management services the Investment Management segment provides to Individual Markets and Employer Markets.
Segment operating revenue and income (loss) from operations are internal measures used by our management and Board of
Directors to evaluate and assess the results of our segments. Operating revenue is GAAP revenue excluding realized gains and
losses on investments and derivative instruments, gains and losses on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities, gains and
losses on sale of subsidiaries/businesses and the amortization of deferred gain arising from reserve development on business sold
through reinsurance. Income (loss) from operations is GAAP net income excluding net realized investment gains and losses,
losses on early retirement of debt, reserve development net of related amortization on business sold through reinsurance and
cumulative effect of accounting changes. Our management and Board of Directors believe that operating revenue and income
(loss) from operations explain the results of our ongoing businesses in a manner that allows for a better understanding of the
underlying trends in our current businesses because net realized investment gains and losses, reserve development net of related
179
amortization on business sold through reinsurance and cumulative effect of accounting changes are unpredictable and not
necessarily indicative of current operating fundamentals or future performance of the business segments, and in many instances,
decisions regarding these items do not necessarily relate to the operations of the individual segments. Operating revenue and
income (loss) from operations do not replace revenues and net income as the GAAP measures of our consolidated results of
operations.
The following tables show financial data by segment:
(in millions)
Revenue
Segment operating revenue
Individual Markets
Annuities
Life Insurance
Total Individual Markets
Employer Markets
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Total Employer Markets
Investment Management (1)
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media (2)
Other operations
Consolidating adjustments
Net realized investment results (3)
Reserve development net of related amortization
on business sold through reinsurance
Total
Net Income
Segment operating income
Individual Markets
Annuities
Life Insurance
Total Individual Markets
Employer Markets
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Total Employer Markets
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other operations
Net realized investment results (4)
Early extinguishment of debt
Reserve development net of related amortization
on business sold through reinsurance
Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes
Cumulative effect of accounting changes
Net Income
180
2006
2005
2004
$
2,161
3,256
5,417
$
1,422
1,911
3,333
$
1,335
1,863
3,198
1,360
1,032
2,392
564
308
188
323
(127)
(3)
1,175
-
1,175
475
318
-
289
(114)
(3)
1,133
-
1,133
491
342
-
626
(517)
77
1
9,063
$
2
5,475
$
1
5,351
$
$
409
496
905
$
252
260
512
$
209
257
466
253
99
352
55
39
44
(76)
(1)
(3)
207
-
207
17
43
-
54
(2)
-
190
-
190
19
44
-
(7)
24
(4)
1
1,316
-
1,316
$
-
831
-
831
$
-
732
(25)
707
$
(1) Revenues for the Investment Management segment include inter-segment revenues for asset management services provided to
our other segments. These inter-segment revenues totaled $97 million, $99 million and $106 for 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
(2) Lincoln Financial Media revenues are net of $26 million of commissions paid to agencies for the nine months since the merger
(3)
(4)
effective on April 3, 2006.
Includes realized losses on investments of $8 million, $22 million and $46 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively;
realized gains (losses) on derivative instruments of $1 million and $(11) million for 2006 and 2004, respectively; gains (losses)
on reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $4 million, $5 million and $(1) million in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively; and gains on sale of subsidiaries/businesses of $14 million and $135 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Includes realized losses on investments of $4 million, $14 million and $30 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively;
realized gains (losses) on derivative instruments of $1 million and $(7) million for 2006 and 2004, respectively; gains (losses) on
reinsurance embedded derivative/trading securities of $2 million, $3 million and $(1) million for 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively; and gains on sale of subsidiaries/businesses of $9 million and $62 million for 2005 and 2004, respectively.
(in millions)
Assets
Individual Markets
Annuities
Life Insurance
Total Individual Markets
Employer Markets
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Total Employer Markets
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other Operations
Consolidating adjustments
Total
13. Shareholders’ Equity
2006
2005
$
70,842
43,012
113,854
$
48,478
21,745
70,223
37,282
2,342
39,624
590
11,089
1,489
24,488
(12,640)
178,494
$
33,337
-
33,337
565
9,521
-
21,469
(10,255)
124,860
$
Our common and Series A preferred stocks are without par value.
All of the issued and outstanding Series A preferred stock is $3 cumulative convertible and is convertible at any time into
shares of common stock. The conversion rate is sixteen shares of common stock for each share of Series A preferred stock,
subject to adjustment for certain events. The Series A preferred stock is redeemable at our option at $80 per share plus accrued
and unpaid dividends. Outstanding Series A preferred stock has full voting rights, subject to adjustment if we are in default as to
the payment of dividends. If LNC is liquidated or dissolved, holders of Series A preferred stock will be entitled to payments of $80
per share. The difference between the aggregate preference on liquidation value and the financial statement balance for the Series
A preferred stock was $1 million at December 31, 2006.
During 2006, 2005 and 2004, we purchased and retired 17 million, 2 million and 8 million shares, respectively, of our
common stock at a total cost of $1 billion, $104 million and $350 million, respectively. The common stock account was reduced
for these purchases in proportion to the percentage of shares acquired. The remainder of the purchase price was charged to
retained earnings.
The income used in the calculation of our diluted earnings per share is our income before cumulative effect of accounting
change and net income, reduced by minority interest adjustments related to outstanding stock options under the DIUS stock
option incentive plan of less than $1 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004.
181
A reconciliation of the denominator in the calculations of basic and diluted net income and income before cumulative effect
of accounting change per share is as follows:
Denominator: [number of shares]
Weighted-average shares, as used in basic calculation
Shares to cover conversion of preferred stock
Shares to cover non-vested stock
Average stock options outstanding during the period
Assumed acquisition of shares with assumed proceeds
and benefits from exercising stock options (at average
market price for the year).
Shares repurchaseable from measured but unrecognized
stock option expense
Average deferred compensation shares
Weighted-average shares, as used in diluted calculation
2006
2005
2004
252,363,042
229,113
1,291,868
14,557,403
173,069,552
259,451
1,307,145
6,659,456
176,190,662
279,619
578,682
8,850,823
(13,313,108)
(6,341,673)
(7,714,991)
(249,885)
1,290,833
256,169,266
(112,312)
1,302,624
176,144,243
(200,989)
1,033,319
179,017,125
In the event the average market price of LNC common stock exceeds the issue price of stock options, such options would be
dilutive to our earnings per share and will be shown in the table above. Participants in our deferred compensation plans that select
LNC stock for measuring the investment return attributable to their deferral amounts will be paid out in LNC stock. The
obligation to satisfy these deferred compensation plan liabilities is dilutive and is shown in the table above.
Details underlying the balance sheet caption “Net Unrealized Gain on Securities Available-for-Sale,” are as follows:
(in millions)
Fair value of securities available-for-sale
Cost of securities available-for-sale
Unrealized gain
Adjustments to DAC and VOBA
Amounts required to satisfy policyholder commitments
Foreign currency exchange rate adjustment
Deferred income taxes
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
2006
2005
2004
$
$
$
56,554
55,641
913
(228)
(20)
67
(239)
493
33,588
32,521
1,067
(266)
(47)
16
(273)
497
34,862
32,961
1,901
(572)
(63)
17
(460)
823
$
$
$
Adjustments to DAC, VOBA and amounts required to satisfy policyholder commitments are netted against the DAC and
VOBA asset line and included within the insurance policy and claim reserves line on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.
Details underlying the change in “Net Unrealized Gain on Securities Available-for-Sale, Net of Reclassification Adjustment”
shown on the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity are as follows:
(in millions)
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale arising during the year
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains on disposals of prior
year inventory included in net income (1)
Less: Federal income tax expense (benefit) on reclassification
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of
reclassifications and federal income tax expense (benefit)
2006
$
28
2005
$
(475)
2004
$
127
66
(34)
38
(187)
80
17
$
(4)
$
(326)
$
30
(1) The reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) does not include the impact of associated adjustments to DAC and VOBA
and amounts required to satisfy policyholder commitments.
182
The “Net Unrealized Gain on Derivative Instruments” component of other comprehensive income is net of Federal income
tax expense (benefit) of $17 million, $(5) million and $3 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and net of adjustments to
DAC and VOBA of $(7) million and $(8) million for 2005 and 2004, respectively. We reclassified into net income from other
comprehensive income $4 million, $10 million and $23 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The “Foreign Currency Translation” component of other comprehensive income is net of Federal income tax expense
(benefit) of $44 million, $(38) million and $24 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
14. Acquisitions and Divestitures
Sale of Delaware London-based International Investment Unit
In September 2004, we sold our London-based international investment management unit (“DIAL”), to the unit’s
management group and an unaffiliated investor. We received $181 million in cash, of which $142 million was paid as a dividend to
the holding company, and relief of certain obligations of approximately $19 million. Our after-tax gain from the transaction was
$46 million. We used the funds for general corporate purposes, including debt repayment and share repurchases. The Investment
Management segment’s results for 2004 included approximately $12 million of income from operations related to DIAL. The sale
resulted in a reduction of $22.1 billion in the Investment Management segment’s assets under management at the time of the sale.
As of December 31, 2006, approximately $17.3 billion of the Investment Management segment’s assets under management are
being sub-advised on our behalf by Mondrian, the acquirer. Assets under management sub-advised by Mondrian primarily include
managed accounts, Delaware Pooled Trust funds and variable annuity funds of approximately $12.0 billion, $4.3 billion and $1.0
billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2006.
15. Restructuring Charges
All restructuring charges are included in underwriting, acquisition, insurance and other expenses primarily within Other
Operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income in the year incurred.
2006 Restructuring Plan
Upon completion of the merger with Jefferson-Pilot, we implemented a restructuring plan relating to the integration of our
legacy operations with those of Jefferson-Pilot. The realignment will enhance productivity, efficiency and scalability while
positioning us for future growth.
The following is the detail of the reserve for restructuring charges:
(in millions)
Amounts incurred in 2006
Employee severance and termination benefits
Rent on abandoned office space
Total 2006 restructuring charges
Amounts expended in 2006
Restructuring reserve at December 31, 2006
Additional amounts expended that do not qualify as restructuring charges
Total expected costs
Expected completion date
Total
$
14
1
15
(7)
$
8
35
180
$
$
4th Quarter 2009
The total expected costs include both restructuring charges and additional expenses that do not qualify as restructuring
charges that are associated with the integration activities. In addition, involuntary employee termination benefits were recorded in
goodwill as a part of the purchase price allocation (see Note 3). Merger integration costs relating to employee severance and
termination benefits of $13 million were included in other liabilities in the purchase price allocation. As of December 31, 2006,
approximately $10 million of these costs were incurred.
Pre-tax restructuring charges for this plan in 2006 by segment were as follows: Other Operations ($14 million) and
Investment Management ($1 million).
183
2005 Restructuring Plan
During May 2005, we implemented a restructuring plan to realign our field management and financial planning support areas.
Total pre-tax restructuring charges incurred during 2005 were $7 million. These charges included employee severance and
termination benefits of $4 million and rent on abandoned office space of $3 million. The remaining reserves totaled $1 million at
December 31, 2006. The plan was completed as of December 31, 2006, except for lease payments on vacated space that will run
through 2008.
2003 Restructuring Plan
In January 2003, we realigned the operations in Hartford, Connecticut and Schaumburg, Illinois to enhance productivity,
efficiency and scalability while positioning us for future growth. In February 2003, we announced plans to consolidate our fixed
annuity operations in Schaumburg, Illinois into Fort Wayne, Indiana. In June 2003, we announced that we were combining our
retirement and life insurance businesses into a single operating unit focused on providing wealth accumulation and protection,
income distribution and wealth transfer products. In August 2003, we announced additional realignment activities, which impacted
all of our domestic operations. The total pre-tax restructuring charges recorded in 2005 and 2004 were $23 million in each year.
Pre-tax amounts reversed in restructuring charges in 2006 and 2004 were $1 million and $2 million, respectively. Additional pre-tax
amounts expended that do not qualify as restructuring charges in 2005 and 2004 were $7 million and $16 million, respectively.
1999 and 2000 Restructuring Plans
During 1999 and 2000, we implemented restructuring plans relating to Lincoln UK’s operations. In addition to various other
activities, these plans involved vacating leased facilities. All other plan activities have been completed and the remaining reserves
relate to future lease payments on exited properties, which run through 2016. The remaining reserves for these plans totaled $6
million at December 31, 2006.
16. Subsequent Event
We have called for the redemption of the following securities originally issued by Jefferson-Pilot:
•
•
On December 1, 2006, we called for the redemption of all of the outstanding 8.14% Junior Subordinated Deferrable
Interest Debentures, Series A due 2046, which are held by Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust A. These securities were
redeemed on January 16, 2007. The redemption price for the Capital Securities, Series A was $1,040.70 per security,
for a total principal amount of $206 million, plus $16 million for accrued interest through the redemption date and a
call premium.
On January 12, 2007, we called for the redemption on March 1, 2007, of all of the outstanding 8.285% Junior
Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures, Series B due 2046, which are held by Jefferson-Pilot Capital Trust B.
The redemption price for the Capital Securities, Series B will be $1,041.43 per security, for a total principal amount of
$103 million, plus $8 million for accrued interest through the redemption date and a call premium.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures
There have been no disagreements with LNC’s independent registered public accounting firm that are reportable pursuant to
Item 304 of Regulation S-K.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
(a) Conclusions Regarding Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in
the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that
such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As of the end of the period required
by this report, we, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer,
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the
Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our
184
disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to us and our consolidated
subsidiaries required to be disclosed in our periodic reports under the Exchange Act.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is included on page 115 of “Item 8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data” and is incorporated herein by reference.
A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance that the control system’s
objectives will be met. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide
absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any,
within the company have been detected. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to
risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance
with policies or procedures.
(c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)
under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 that has materially affected, or is reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
There were no matters that were required to be reported under this item.
185
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
PART III
See “Executive Officers of Registrant” in Part I above. Information for this item relating to directors of LNC is
incorporated by reference to the sections captioned “THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND COMMITTEES—Current
Committee Membership and Meetings Held During 2006,” “THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND COMMITTEES—Audit
Committee,” “ITEM 1—Election of Directors” and “SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING
COMPLIANCE” of LNC’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting scheduled for May 10, 2007.
We have adopted a code of ethics, which we refer to as our Code of Conduct, that applies, among others, to our principal
executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, or controller, and other persons performing similar
functions. The Code of Conduct is posted on our Internet website (www.lfg.com). LNC will provide to any person without
charge, upon request, a copy of such code. Requests for the Code of Conduct should be directed to: Corporate Secretary, Lincoln
National Corporation, 1500 Market Street, Suite 3900, Centre Square West, Philadelphia, PA 19102-2112. We intend to disclose
any amendment or waiver from the provisions of our Code of Conduct that applies to our directors and executive officers on our
website (www.lfg.com).
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Information for this item is incorporated by reference to the sections captioned “EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION,”
“COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS” and “COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER
PARTICIPATION,” of LNC’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting scheduled for May 10, 2007.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Information for this item is incorporated by reference to the section captioned “SECURITY OWNERSHIP” of LNC’s
Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting scheduled for May 10, 2007.
The table below provides information as of December 31, 2006 regarding securities authorized for issuance under LNC’s
equity compensation plans. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K for
a brief description of our equity compensation plans.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
(a)
Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options,
warrants
and rights
17,995,312(1)
None
(b)
Weighted-
average
exercise
price of
outstanding
options,
warrants
and rights
$45.13
-
(c)
Number of
securities remaining
available for future
issuance under
equity compensation
(excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
5,936,049
-
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders
1
This amount includes the following:
•
•
12,852,368 outstanding options.
1,322,168 and 2,172,783 represent outstanding long-term incentive awards, based on the maximum amounts potentially
payable under the awards in stock options and shares (including potential dividend equivalents). The long-term
incentive awards have not been earned as of December 31, 2006. The number of options and shares, if any, to be issued
pursuant to such awards will be determined based upon our, and in some cases, our subsidiaries performance, over the
applicable three-year performance period. Since the shares that may be received in payment of the awards have no
exercise price, they are not included in weighted-average exercise price calculation in column (b). The long-term
incentive awards are all issued under our Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan (“ICP”).
186
•
•
13,870 outstanding restricted stock units.
1,634,123 outstanding deferred stock units.
2
Includes up to 5,057,411 securities available for issuance in connection with restricted stock, restricted stock units,
performance stock units, deferred stock and deferred stock unit awards under the ICP. Shares that may be issued in payment
of awards, other than options and stock appreciation rights, reduce the number of securities remaining available for future
issuance under equity compensation plans at a ratio of 3.25-to-1.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Information for this item is incorporated by reference to the sections captioned “RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS”
and “GOVERNANCE OF THE COMPANY – Director Independence” of LNC’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting
scheduled for May 10, 2007.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Information for this item is incorporated by reference to the sections captioned “ITEM 2—RATIFICATION OF THE
APPOINTMENT OF THE INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM—Registered Independent
Public Accounting Firm Fees and Services” and “ITEM 2—RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF THE
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM—Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policy” of LNC’s Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting scheduled for May 10, 2007.
187
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a) (1) Financial Statements
PART IV
The following Consolidated Financial Statements of Lincoln National Corporation are included in Item 8:
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets—December 31, 2006 and 2005
Consolidated Statements of Income—Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity—Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(a) (2) Financial Statement Schedules
115
116
118
119
120
122
123
The Financial Statement Schedules are listed in the Index to Financial Statement Schedules on page FS-1, which is
incorporated herein by reference.
(a) (3) Listing of Exhibits
The Exhibits are listed in the Index to Exhibits beginning on page E-1, which is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) The financial statement schedules for Lincoln National Corporation begin on page FS-2, which are incorporated herein by
reference.
188
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, LNC has duly caused this report
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
Date: March 1, 2007
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
By:
/s/ FREDERICK J. CRAWFORD
Frederick J. Crawford
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 1, 2007.
Signature
/s/ JON A. BOSCIA
Jon A. Boscia
/s/ DENNIS R. GLASS
Dennis R. Glass
Title
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
President, Chief Operating Officer and Director
(Principal Operating Officer)
/s/ FREDERICK J. CRAWFORD
Frederick J. Crawford
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ DOUGLAS N. MILLER
Douglas N. Miller
/s/ WILLIAM J. AVERY
William J. Avery
/s/ J. PATRICK BARRETT
J. Patrick Barrett
/s/ WILLIAM H. CUNNINGHAM
William H. Cunningham
/s/ GEORGE W. HENDERSON, III
George W. Henderson, III
/s/ ERIC G. JOHNSON
Eric G. Johnson
/s/ M. LEANNE LACHMAN
M. Leanne Lachman
/s/ MICHAEL F. MEE
Michael F. Mee
/s/ WILLIAM P. PAYNE
William P. Payne
/s/ PATRICK S. PITTARD
Patrick S. Pittard
189
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Signature
/s/ JILL S. RUCKELSHAUS
Jill S. Ruckelshaus
/s/ DAVID A. STONECIPHER
David A. Stonecipher
/s/ ISAIAH TIDWELL
Isaiah Tidwell
/s/ GLENN F. TILTON
Glenn F. Tilton
Title
Director
Director
Director
Director
190
Index to Financial Statement Schedules
I – Summary of Investments—Other than Investments in Related Parties
II – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant
III – Supplementary Insurance Information
IV – Reinsurance
V – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
FS-2
FS-3
FS-6
FS-8
FS-9
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange
Commission are not required under the related instructions, are inapplicable, or the required information is included in the
consolidated financial statements, and therefore omitted.
FS-1
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE I—SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS—OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN
RELATED PARTIES
Column A
Type of Investment
Fixed Maturity Securities Available-For-Sale (1)
Bonds:
U.S. government and government agencies and authorities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
Asset/mortgage-backed securities
Foreign governments
Public utilities
Convertibles and bonds with warrants attached
All other corporate bonds
Redeemable preferred stocks
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
Equity Securities Available-For-Sale (1)
Common stocks:
Public utilities
Banks, trusts and insurance companies
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other
Nonredeemable preferred stocks
Total equity securities available-for-sale
Trading account investments
Mortgage loans on real estate
Real estate:
Investment properties
Acquired in satisfaction of debt
Policy loans
Derivative instruments
Other investments
Total investments
December 31, 2006 (in millions)
Column C
Column B
Column D
Amount
at Which
Shown in
the Balance
Sheet
Cost
Fair
Value
$
256
158
8,673
1,072
5,649
8
39,045
99
54,960
$
263
160
8,691
1,141
5,743
9
39,738
108
55,853
$
263
160
8,691
1,141
5,743
9
39,738
108
55,853
2
478
29
172
681
2,809
7,384
418
3
2,760
421
918
70,354
$
2
482
42
175
701
3,036
7,570
449
3
2,986
415
918
2
482
42
175
701
3,036
7,384
418
3
2,760
415
918
71,488
$
(1)
Investments deemed to have declines in value that are other than temporary are written down or reserved for to reduce the
carrying value to their estimated realizable value.
FS-2
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II—CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
BALANCE SHEETS
Lincoln National Corporation (Parent Company Only)
December 31
2006
2005
(in millions)
$
$
14,600
10
-
132
1,332
-
257
16,331
6,541
35
2
229
1,285
62
43
8,197
$
$
$
109
350
$
66
120
1,646
155
1,072
5
695
98
4,130
1
7,449
4,138
999
334
-
-
262
32
1,813
1
1,775
4,081
493
39
165
-
(84)
613
12,201
16,331
$
497
7
83
(60)
-
527
6,384
8,197
$
Assets
Investments in subsidiaries *
Investments
Derivative instruments
Cash and invested cash
Loans to subsidiaries *
Federal income taxes recoverable
Other assets
Total assets
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Dividends payable
Short-term debt
Long-term debt:
Senior notes
Junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts
Capital securities
Federal income taxes payable
Loans from subsidiaries *
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
Total liabilities
Shareholders' equity:
Series A preferred stock-10,000,000 shares authorized
(2005 liquidation value-$1,241)
Common stock-800,000,000 shares authorized
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Minimum pension liability adjustment
Adjustment for adoption of SFAS 158
Total accumulated other comprehensive income
Total shareholders' equity
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
*
Eliminated in consolidation.
FS-3
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II—CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT (Continued)
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Lincoln National Corporation (Parent Company Only)
Revenue
Dividends from subsidiaries*
Interest from subsidiaries*
Net investment income
Realized gain (loss) on investments
Other
Total revenue
Expenses
Operating and administrative
Interest-subsidiaries*
Interest-other
Total expenses
2006
Year Ended December 31
2005
(in millions)
2004
$
907
87
19
1
(1)
1,013
$
306
81
9
(1)
1
396
$
414
80
7
-
1
502
67
19
193
279
3
8
89
100
17
5
94
116
Income before federal income tax benefit, equity in income
of subsidiaries, less dividends
Federal income tax benefit
Income before equity in income of subsidiaries, less dividends
Equity in income of subsidiaries, less dividends
Net income
734
91
825
491
1,316
$
296
9
305
526
831
$
386
10
396
311
707
$
*
Eliminated in consolidation.
FS-4
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II—CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT (Continued)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Lincoln National Corporation (Parent Company Only)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
Equity in income of subsidiaries greater than distributions*
Realized (gain) loss on investments
Federal income taxes
Other
Net adjustments
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net sales (purchases) of investments
Purchase of Jefferson Pilot stock
Increase in investment in subsidiaries*
Other
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Repayment of long-term debt
Issuance of long-term debt
Net decrease in short-term debt
Increase (decrease) in loans from subsidiaries*
Decrease in loans to subsidiaries*
Common stock issued for benefit plans
Retirement of common stock
Dividends paid to shareholders
Net cash used in financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash
Cash and invested cash at beginning of the year
Cash and invested cash at end-of-year
* Eliminated in consolidation.
2006
Year Ended December 31
2005
(in millions)
2004
$
1,316
$
831
$
707
(559)
(1)
67
7
(486)
830
25
(1,865)
-
-
(1,840)
(526)
1
(42)
6
(561)
270
(5)
-
(14)
6
(13)
(311)
-
(7)
5
(313)
394
119
-
(103)
69
85
(178)
2,045
(120)
433
(47)
167
(1,002)
(385)
913
(97)
229
132
$
(193)
-
98
22
95
92
(104)
(255)
(245)
12
217
229
$
(126)
197
(22)
(138)
27
82
(350)
(249)
(579)
(100)
317
217
$
FS-5
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE III—SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION
Column A
Segment
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2005
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2004
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Column B
Deferred
Acquisition
Costs and Value
of Business
Acquired
Column C
Insurance
Policy
and
Claim
Reserves
Column D
Column E
Column F
Investment
Contract and
Policyholder
Funds
Insurance
Premiums
Unearned
Premiums (1)
(in millions)
$
2,050
4,659
6,709
$
438
5,641
6,079
-
$
-
-
$
18,206
23,434
41,640
$
47
321
368
763
138
901
-
809
-
1
8,420
$
1,778
1,183
2,961
-
1,119
-
4,612
14,771
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$
-
15,008
17
15,025
-
436
-
1,716
58,817
$
5
949
954
-
79
-
5
1,406
$
$
1,328
2,544
3,872
$
518
3,563
4,081
-
$
-
-
$
10,606
12,866
23,472
$
37
198
235
568
-
568
-
743
-
(20)
5,163
$
1,890
-
1,890
-
1,023
-
4,709
11,703
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$
-
11,615
-
11,615
-
395
-
110
35,592
$
9
-
9
-
63
-
1
308
$
$
32
194
226
1
-
1
-
70
-
2
299
$
(1)
Unearned premiums are included in Column E, Investment Contract and Policyholder Funds.
FS-6
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE III—SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION (Continued)
Column A
Column G
Column H
Segment
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2005
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2004
Individual Markets:
Annuities
Life Insurance
Individual Markets Total
Employer Markets:
Retirement Products
Group Protection
Employer Markets Total
Investment Management
Lincoln UK
Lincoln Financial Media
Other (including consolidating adjustments)
Total
Net
Investment
Income (2)
Benefits
Column I
Net Deferral of
Deferred Acquisition
Costs and Value of
Business Acquired
(in millions)
Column J
Column K
Other
Operating
Expenses (2)
Premiums
Written
$
1,039
1,511
2,550
$
789
1,769
2,558
$
(296)
(371)
(667)
$
1,166
1,113
2,279
1,055
80
1,135
-
71
-
225
3,981
$
680
663
1,343
-
108
-
161
4,170
$
(36)
(21)
(57)
-
36
-
1
(687)
$
365
238
603
479
104
118
186
3,769
$
$
614
909
1,523
$
487
1,021
1,508
$
(259)
(115)
(374)
$
873
618
1,491
897
-
897
-
79
-
203
2,702
$
574
-
574
-
116
-
134
2,332
$
(58)
-
(58)
-
35
-
-
(397)
$
372
-
372
449
101
-
52
2,465
$
$
665
901
1,566
$
478
993
1,471
$
(232)
(63)
(295)
$
827
552
1,379
898
-
898
-
76
-
164
2,704
$
567
-
567
-
100
-
105
2,243
$
(55)
-
(55)
-
91
-
-
(259)
$
363
-
363
464
84
-
41
2,331
$
-
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$
-
-
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$
-
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$
-
(2) The allocation of expenses between investments and other operations are based on a number of assumptions and estimates.
Results would change if different methods were applied.
FS-7
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE IV—REINSURANCE
Column A
Column B
Column C
Description
Gross Amount
Ceded to Other
Companies
Column D
Assumed
from
Other
Companies
(in millions)
Column E
Column F
Percentage
of Amount
Assumed to Net
Net Amount
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Individual life insurance in force
Premiums:
Life insurance and annuities (1)
Health insurance
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2005
Individual life insurance in force
Premiums:
Life insurance and annuities (1)
Health insurance
Total
Year Ended December 31, 2004
Individual life insurance in force
Premiums:
Life insurance and annuities (1)
Health insurance
Total
$
697,900
$
333,800
$
4,700
$
368,800
$
$
$
$
810
21
831
8
$
-
$
8
$
$
3,354
656
4,010
$
338,500
$
256,700
$
600
$
82,400
$
$
$
$
607
6
613
1
$
-
$
1
$
$
2,059
1
2,060
$
325,100
$
236,900
$
600
$
88,800
$
$
$
$
588
7
595
-
$
-
$
-
$
$
1,895
4
1,899
4,156
677
4,833
2,665
7
2,672
2,483
11
2,494
1.3%
0.2%
-
0.7%
-
-
0.7%
-
-
(1)
Includes insurance fees on universal life and other interest-sensitive products.
FS-8
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION
SCHEDULE V—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Column A
Column B
Column C
Additions
Description
Year Ended December 31, 2006
Deducted from asset accounts:
Balance at
Beginning of
Period
Charged to
Costs
Expenses (1)
Charged
to Other
Accounts-
Describe
(in millions)
Column D
Column E
Deductions-
Describe (2)
Balance
at End of
Period
Reserve for mortgage loans on real estate
$
9
$
2
$
-
$
(9)
$
2
Included in other liabilities:
Investment guarantees
Year Ended December 31, 2005
Deducted from asset accounts:
-
-
-
-
-
Reserve for mortgage loans on real estate
$
15
$
2
$
-
$
(8)
$
9
Included in other liabilities:
Investment guarantees
Year Ended December 31, 2004
Deducted from asset accounts:
-
-
-
-
-
Reserve for mortgage loans on real estate
$
17
$
5
$
-
$
(7)
$
15
Included in other liabilities:
Investment guarantees
-
-
-
-
-
(1) Excludes charges for the direct write-off assets.
(2) Deductions reflect sales, foreclosures of the underlying holdings or change in reserves.
FS-9
[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 9, 2005, among LNC, Quartz Corporation and Jefferson-Pilot
Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of LNC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed
with the SEC on October 11, 2005.
2.2 Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 26, 2006 among LNC, Lincoln JP Holdings,
L.P., Quartz Corporation and Jefferson-Pilot Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to LNC’s Current
Report on Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on January 31, 2006.
3.1 The Articles of Incorporation of LNC as last amended effective May 12, 1994 are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a)
of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of LNC is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 6028)
filed with the SEC on June 12, 2006.
4.1
Indenture of LNC dated as of January 15, 1987, between LNC and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 1994.
4.2 First Supplemental Indenture dated as of July 1, 1992, to Indenture dated as of January 15, 1987 is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4(b) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.
4.3
Indenture of LNC dated as of September 15, 1994, between LNC and The Bank of New York, as trustee, is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4(c) of LNC’s Registration Statement on Form S-3/A (file No. 33-55379) filed with the SEC on
September 15, 1994.
4.4 First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 1, 2006, to Indenture dated as of September 15, 1994 is filed herewith.
4.5
Junior Subordinated Indenture dated as of May 1, 1996 between LNC and J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National
Association (successor in interest to The First National Bank of Chicago) is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(j) of
LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.
4.6 First Supplemental Indenture dated as of August 14, 1998, to Junior Subordinated Indenture dated as of May 1, 1996 is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on August 27, 1998.
4.7 Second Supplemental Junior Subordinated Indenture dated April 20, 2006 to Junior Subordinated Indenture dated as of
May 1, 1996 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April
20, 2006.
4.8 Third Supplemental Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated May 17, 2006 to Junior Subordinated Indenture dated as of May
1, 1996 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on May 17,
2006.
4.9 Fourth Supplemental Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of November 1, 2006 to Junior Subordinated Indenture
dated May 1, 1996 is filed herewith.
4.10
Indenture, dated as of November 21, 1995, between Jefferson-Pilot Corporation and Wachovia Bank, National Association
(formerly known as First Union National Bank of North Carolina), is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 of LNC’s
Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
4.11 Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 27, 2004, to Indenture dated as of November 21, 1995, is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.8 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
4.12 Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 27, 2004, to Indenture dated as of November 21, 1995, is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.9 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
E-1
4.13 Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 3, 2006 among Lincoln JP Holdings, L.P. and Wachovia Bank, National
Association, as trustee, to Indenture, dated as of November 21, 1995, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s
Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 3, 2006.
4.14 Form of 6 1/2% Notes due March 15, 2008 incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-
6028) filed with the SEC on March 24, 1998.
4.15 Form of 7% Notes due March 15, 2018 incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028)
filed with the SEC on March 24, 1998.
4.16 Form of 6.20% Note dated December 7, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No.
1-6028) filed with the SEC on December 11, 2001.
4.17 Form of 5.25% Note dated June 3, 2002 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028)
filed with the SEC on June 6, 2002.
4.18 Form of 6.75% Trust Preferred Security certificate is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File
No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on September 16, 2003.
4.19 Form of 6.75% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures, Series F is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3
of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on September 16, 2003.
4.20 Form of 4.75% Note due February 15, 2014 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-
6028) filed with the SEC on February 4, 2004.
4.21 Form of 7% Capital Securities due 2066 of Lincoln National Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of
LNC’s Form 8-K (File NO. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on May 17, 2006.
4.22 Form of 6.75% Capital Securities due 2066 of Lincoln Financial Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2
of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 20, 2006.
4.23 Form of Floating Rate Senior Note due April 6, 2009 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K
(File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 7, 2006.
4.24 Form of 6.15% Senior Note due April 6, 2036 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No.
1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 7, 2006.
4.25 Amended and Restated Trust Agreement dated September 11, 2003, among LNC, as Depositor, Bank One Trust
Company, National Association, as Property Trustee, Bank One Delaware, Inc., as Delaware Trustee, and the
Administrative Trustees named therein is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed
with the SEC on September 16, 2003.
4.26 Guarantee Agreement dated September 11, 2003 between LNC, as Guarantor, and Bank One Trust Company, National
Association, as Guarantee Trustee is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed
with the SEC on September 16, 2003.
10.1 The LNC 1986 Stock Option Incentive Plan, as amended through January 15, 1997, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(a) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.*
10.2 The Salary Continuation Plan for Executives of LNC and Affiliates as amended and restated through August 1, 2000 is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31,
2001.*
10.3 Description of resolution dated January 13, 2005 amending the Salary Continuation Plan for Executives of LNC and
Affiliates, as amended and restated through August 1, 2000, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of LNC’s Form
10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended March 31, 2005.*
E-2
10.4 The LNC Outside Directors’ Retirement Plan as last amended effective March 15, 1990 is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(d) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.*
10.5 The LNC Outside Directors’ Value Sharing Plan, last amended March 8, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10(e) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.*
10.6 LNC Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for Employees, as last amended August 1, 2002, is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(f) of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended September 30, 2002.*
10.7 Description of resolution dated January 13, 2005, amending the Lincoln National Corporation Executive Deferred
Compensation Plan for Employees, as amended and restated August 1, 2002, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)
of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended March 31, 2005.*
10.8 LNC 1993 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as last amended May 10, 2001, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(g), of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.*
10.9 Amendment No. 2 to the Lincoln National Corporation 1993 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors (effective
February 1, 2006) is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC
on January 13, 2006.
10.10 Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (For Non-Employee Directors) under the LNC 1993 Stock Plan for Non-
Employee Directors is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(z) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year
ended December 31, 2004.*
10.11 Amendment of outstanding Non-Qualified Option Agreements (for Non-Employee Directors) under the Lincoln
National Corporation 1993 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of
LNC's Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on January 12, 2006.*
10.12 Amendment and Restatement of the Lincoln National Corporation Executive’s Severance Benefit Plan is filed herewith.
10.13 LNC Executives’ Excess Compensation Pension Benefit Plan as last amended January 1, 1989, is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(h) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2001.*
10.14 First Amendment to LNC Executives’ Excess Compensation Pension Benefit Plan, effective December 22, 1999 is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31,
1999.*
10.15 Description of resolution dated January 13, 2005 amending the LNC Executives’ Excess Compensation Pension Benefit
Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended March 31,
2005.*
10.16 LNC Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated on May 12, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 8
of LNC’s Proxy Statement (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 8, 2005.*
10.17 LNC Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective July 1, 2004, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.*
10.18 Framework for Long-Term performance under the Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated on March 8,
2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on January
20, 2005.*
10.19 Revised Framework for Long-Term performance awards under the Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan
is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on May 12, 2005.*
10.20 Form of LNC Restricted Stock Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-
6028) filed with the SEC on January 20, 2005.*
E-3
10.21 Form of LNC Stock Option Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-
6028) filed with the SEC on January 20, 2005.*
10.22 Form of LNC Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of LNC’s Form 8-K
(File No. 1-6028) filed with the Commission on January 20, 2005.*
10.23 2005-2007 Form of Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of LNC’s
Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on May 12, 2005.*
10.24 2005-2007 Long-Term Incentive Award Measures is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(t) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File
No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2004.*
10.25 2004-2006 Long-Term Incentive Award Measures is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of LNC’s Form 8-K (File
No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on February 16, 2005.*
10.26 Overview of 2006 long-term incentives for senior management committee members under the Amended and Restated
Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed
with the SEC on April 18, 2006.
10.27 2006 Annual Incentive Award Measures and 2006-2008 Long-Term Incentive Award Measures under the LNC Amended
and Restated Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and certain compensation information, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
10.28 Form of Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement for senior management committee members (2006-2008 cycle) is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 18, 2006.
10.29 LNC Employees’ Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of LNC’s Form 8-K
(File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on January 20, 2005.*
10.30 Description of resolution dated January 13, 2005 amending the LNC Employees’ Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended March 31,
2005.*
10.31 Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. Stock Option Plan, effective January 1, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10(aa) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2005.*
10.32 Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement Under the Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. Stock Option Plan is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(bb) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2005.*
10.33 Amendment No. 1 to the Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. Stock Option Plan (including form of option agreement) is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) of LNC's Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2005.*
10.34 Amendment No. 2 to the Delaware Investments U.S., Inc. Stock Option Plan as filed herewith.*
10.35 LNC Non-Employee Directors Compensation, effective July 1, 2004 is in incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(cc) of
LNC's Form 10-K (file No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2005.*
10.36 Lincoln National Corporation Non-Employee Director Compensation is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 of
LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on September 15, 2006.
10.37 Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File
No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 18, 2006.
10.38 Form of LNC restricted stock award agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File
No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 7, 2006.
E-4
10.39 Non-Compete and Anti-Solicitation Agreement, Waiver and General Release of Claims between John H. Gotta and the
Lincoln National Corporation (effective January 20, 2006) is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-
K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on January 20, 2006.*
10.40 Letter Agreement between Theresa M. Stone and the Lincoln National Corporation is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on June 5, 2006.
10.41 Employment Agreement of Dennis R. Glass, dated December 6, 2003, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ii) of
Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2003.
10.42 Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement of Dennis R. Glass, dated March 23, 2005, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-5955) for the quarter ended September 30, 2005.
10.43
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Long Term Stock Incentive Plan, as amended in February 2005, is incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10(iii) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2004.
10.44
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan, as amended in February 2005, is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10(iv) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2004.
10.45
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan, as last amended in 1999, is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(vii) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 1998.
10.46
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Supplemental Benefit Plan, as amended, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(vi) of
Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.47
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Executive Special Supplemental Benefit Plan, which now operates under the Supplemental
Benefit Plan, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(viii) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year
ended December 31, 1994.
10.48
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Executive Change in Control Severance Plan, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(xi) of
Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 1998.
10.49 1999 Amendment to the Jefferson Pilot Corporation Executive Change in Control Severance Plan, is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(ix) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.50 2005 Amendment to the Jefferson Pilot Corporation Executive Change in Control Severance Plan, is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10(vii) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.51
Jefferson Pilot Corporation Separation Pay Plan, adopted February 12, 2006, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10(viii) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.52
Jefferson Pilot Corporation forms of stock option terms for non-employee directors are incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(xi) of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2004 and Exhibit 10.2
of Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 17, 2006.
10.53
Jefferson Pilot Corporation forms of stock option terms for officers are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(xii) of
Jefferson-Pilot’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-5955) for the year ended December 31, 2004 and Exhibit 10.1 of Jefferson-Pilot’s
Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 17, 2006.
10.54
Jefferson-Pilot Deferred Fee Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended in March 2006 is incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.14 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on April 7, 2006.
10.55 Lease and Agreement dated August 1, 1984, with respect to LNL’s offices located at Clinton Street and Harrison Street,
Fort Wayne, Indiana is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(n) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year
ended December 31, 1995.
E-5
10.56 First Amendment of Lease, dated as of June 16, 2006, between Trona Cogeneration Corporation and The Lincoln
National Life Insurance Company, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028)
for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.
10.57 Form of Lease and Agreement dated March 17, 1999, with respect to LNC’s offices located at Centre Square West Tower,
1500 Market Street, Suite 3900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(p) of LNC’s Form
10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.58 Agreement of Lease dated February 17, 1998, with respect to LNL’s offices located at 350 Church Street, Hartford,
Connecticut is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(q) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended
December 31, 1997.
10.59 Lease and Agreement dated December 10, 1999 with respect to Delaware Management Holdings, Inc., offices located at
One Commerce Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of LNC’s Form 10-K
(File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.60 First Amendment to Lease dated December 10, 1999 with respect to Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. for property
located at Commerce Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) of LNC's Form 10-
Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2005.
10.61 Sublease and Agreement dated December 10, 1999 between Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. and New York Central
Lines LLC for property located at Two Commerce Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(s) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.62 Consent to Sublease dated December 10, 1999 with respect to Delaware Management Holdings, Inc. for property located
at Two Commerce Square and Philadelphia Plaza Phase II, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10(t) of LNC’s Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10.63 Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement by and among LNC, The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company, Lincoln
National Reinsurance Company (Barbados) Limited and Swiss Re Life & Health America Inc. dated July 27, 2001 is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the Commission on August 1,
2001. Omitted schedules and exhibits listed in the Agreement will be furnished to the Commission upon request.
10.64 Credit Agreement, dated as of December 23, 2005, among Lincoln National Corporation, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as
administrative agent, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets, Inc., as joint lead arrangers and joint
bookrunners, Citicorp North America Inc., as syndication agent, and the other lenders named therein is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC's Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on December 27, 2005.
10.65 First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of December 10, 2004, among LNC, as Borrower, the Banks
party thereto and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(nn) of
LNC's Form 10-K (File No. 1-6028) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.66 Fourth Amended and Restated Letter of Credit and Reimbursement Agreement dated as of December 10, 2004, among
LNC, as an Account Party and Guarantor, the Subsidiary Account Parties, as additional Parties, the Banks party thereto,
and JP Morgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ll) of LNC's Form 10-K
(File No. 6028) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.67 Credit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2006, among Lincoln National Corporation, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as
administrative agent, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Bank of America Securities, LLC., as joint lead arrangers and joint
bookrunners, Bank of American, N.A., as syndication agent, and the other lenders named therein is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC's Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on February 13, 2006.
10.68 Confirmation Agreement, dated November 3, 2006, relating to LNC’s accelerated stock repurchase program with Lehman
Brothers Finance, S.A. is incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the
SEC on December 1, 2006.**
E-6
10.69 Confirmation Agreement, dated August 11, 2006, relating to LNC’s accelerated stock repurchase program with Lehman
Brothers Finance S.A. is incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter
ended September 30, 2006.**
10.70 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 3, 2006 among Lincoln JP Holdings, L.P. and JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as trustee, under the Indenture, dated as of January 15, 1997, among Jefferson-Pilot and JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as trustee is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on
April 3, 2006.
10.71 Master Confirmation Agreement and related Supplemental Confirmation, dated April 3, 2006, and Trade Notification,
dated April 10, 2006, relating to LNC’s accelerated stock repurchase with Goldman, Sachs & Co., is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.23 of LNC’s Form 10-Q (File No. 1-6028) for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.**
10.72 Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2006, among Lincoln National Corporation, as an
Account Party and Guarantor, the Subsidiary Account Parties, as additional Account Parties, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
as administrative agent, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Wachovia Capital Markets LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint
bookrunners, Wachovia Bank, National Association, as syndication agent, Citibank, N.A., HSBC Bank USA, N.A. and
The Bank of New York, as documentation agents, and the other lenders named therein is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006.
10.73 Credit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2006, among Lincoln National Corporation, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as
administrative agent, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Banc of America Securities LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint
bookrunners, Bank of America N.A., as syndication agent, and the other lenders named therein is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of LNC’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-6028) filed with the SEC on February 13, 2006.
12 Historical Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
21 Subsidiaries List
23 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
* This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
** Portions of the exhibit have been redacted and are subject to a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
We will furnish to the SEC, upon request, a copy of any of our long-term debt agreements not otherwise filed with the
SEC.
NOTE: This is an abbreviated version of the Lincoln National Corporation Form 10-K. Copies of these exhibits are
available electronically at www.sec.gov or www.lfg.com, or by writing to the Corporate Secretary at Lincoln National
Corporation, Centre Square, 1500 Market Street, Suite 3900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102-2112.
E-7
LINCOLN NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
EXHIBIT 12—HISTORICAL RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
(dollars in millions)
Income before Federal income taxes and cumulative
effect of accounting changes
Equity in losses (earnings) of unconsolidated affiliates
Sub-total of fixed charges
Sub-total of adjusted net income
Interest on annuities and financial products
Adjusted income base
Fixed Charges
Interest and debt expense
Portion of rent expense representing interest
Sub-total of fixed charges
Interest on annuities & financial products
Sub-total of fixed charges
Preferred dividends (pre-tax)
Total fixed charges
* Less than $100,000
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (including interest on
annuities and financial products) (1)
Excluding interest on annuities and financial products (2)
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred
stock dividends (3)
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2005
2006
2002
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,075
-
110
1,185
1,570
2,755
89
21
110
1,570
1,680
*
1,680
1,036
-
116
1,152
1,571
2,723
94
22
116
1,571
1,687
*
1,687
1,047
-
112
1,159
1,617
2,776
90
22
112
1,617
1,729
*
1,729
(54)
1
119
66
1,617
1,683
97
22
119
1,617
1,736
*
1,736
1,811
-
240
2,051
2,316
4,367
220
21
241
2,316
2,557
*
2,557
$
$
$
$
$
1.71
8.51
1.71
1.64
10.75
1.64
1.61
9.91
1.61
1.61
10.37
1.61
0.97
0.55
0.97
1.
2.
3.
For purposes of determining this ratio, earnings consist of income before Federal income taxes, cumulative effect of
accounting change, if any, and minority interests adjusted for the difference between income or losses from unconsolidated
equity investments and cash distributions from such investments, plus fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of 1) interest and
debt expense on short and long-term debt and junior subordinated debentures issued to affiliated trusts; 2) interest on
annuities and financial products and; 3) the portion of operating leases that are representative of the interest factor.
Same as the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, except fixed charges and earnings in this calculation do not include interest on
annuities and financial products. This coverage ratio is not required, but is provided as additional information. This ratio is
commonly used by individuals who analyze LNC’s results.
Same as the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, including interest on annuities and financial products, except that fixed charges
include the pre-tax earnings required to cover preferred stock dividend requirements.
Exhibit 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements of Lincoln National Corporation and in the related
prospectuses listed below:
1. Forms S-3
a. Nos. 333-132416, 333-132416-01, 333-132416-02 and 333-132416-03 pertaining to the Lincoln National
Corporation automatic shelf registration for certain securities,
b. No. 333-133086 pertaining to the Jefferson-Pilot Corporation Long Term Stock Incentive Plan,
c. No. 333-131943, pertaining to The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company Agents’ Savings and Profit-Sharing
Plan,
d. No. 333-124976 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation
Plan,
e. Nos. 333-84728, 333-84728-01, 333-84728-02, 333-84728-03 and 333-84728-04 pertaining to the Lincoln
National Corporation Shelf registration for certain securities,
f. No. 333-32667 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation 1997 Incentive Compensation Plan,
g. No. 33-62315 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation 1986 Stock Option Incentive Plan, and
h. No. 33-51415 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for
Agents;
2. Form S-4 (No. 333-130226) pertaining to the proposed business combination with Jefferson-Pilot Corporation;
3. Forms S-8
a. No. 333-133039 pertaining to various Jefferson-Pilot Corporation benefit plans,
b. No. 333-126452 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for
Employees,
c. No. 333-126020 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation Employees’ Savings and Profit-Sharing Plan,
d. No. 333-121069 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-
Employee Directors,
e. No. 033-58113 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation 1993 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors,
f. No. 333-105344 pertaining to the Lincoln National Corporation 1993 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors;
of our reports dated February 27, 2007, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedules of Lincoln National
Corporation, Lincoln National Corporation management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Lincoln National Corporation, included in this
Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2006.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 27, 2007
EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Jon A. Boscia, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Lincoln National Corporation;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is
being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by
this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: March 1, 2007
/s/ Jon A. Boscia
Jon A. Boscia
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Frederick J. Crawford, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Lincoln National Corporation;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is
being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by
this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report
financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: March 1, 2007
/s/ Frederick J. Crawford
Frederick J. Crawford
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906
Of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
EXHIBIT 32.1
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of Lincoln National Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies
that the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (the “Report”) fully complies with the
requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in
the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Dated: March 1, 2007
_____/s/ Jon A. Boscia___________________
Name: Jon A. Boscia
Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report
or as a separate disclosure document.
A signed original of this written statement required under Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be
retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906
Of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
EXHIBIT 32.2
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of Lincoln National Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies
that the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 (the “Report”) fully complies with the
requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in
the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Dated: March 1, 2007____
/s/ Frederick J. Crawford
Name: Frederick J. Crawford
Title: Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report
or as a separate disclosure document.
A signed original of this written statement required under Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be
retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return
The graph set forth below shows a five-year comparison of the yearly performance of our cumulative total shareholder
return (change in the year-end stock price plus reinvested dividends), based on a hypothetical investment of $100 (invested on
December 31, 2001 with dividends reinvested through December 31, 2006), with the S&P 500 Index and the S&P Life/Health
Index. Returns of the S&P Life/Health Index have been weighted according to their respective aggregate market capitalization at
the beginning of each period shown on the graph.
Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
-
Lincoln National Corporation
S&P Life/Health Index
S&P 500 Index
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Lincoln National Corporation
S&P Life/Health Index
S&P 500 Index
2001
100.00
100.00
100.00
2002
67.18
83.77
77.90
2003
89.26
106.43
100.24
2004
106.41
129.97
111.14
2005
124.65
159.21
116.59
2006
160.27
185.48
134.99
There can be no assurance that our stock performance will continue into the future with the same or similar trends depicted
in the preceding graph. We will not make or endorse any predictions as to future stock performance. Pursuant to SEC rules, the
Comparison Of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the
SEC, except to the extent we specifically request that such information be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporates
such information by reference into a document filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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Board of Directors
William J. Avery
Retired Chairman and CEO
Crown Cork & Seal
J. Patrick Barrett
Chairman and CEO
CARPAT Investments
Jon A. Boscia
Chairman and CEO
Lincoln National Corporation
William H. Cunningham
Professor of Marketing
The University of Texas at Austin
Dennis R. Glass
President & COO
Lincoln National Corporation
George W. Henderson, III
Retired Chairman and CEO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Eric G. Johnson
President and CEO
Baldwin Richardson Foods Company
M. Leanne Lachman
President
Lachman Associates LLC
Michael F. Mee
Retired EVP and CFO
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
William P. Payne
Partner
Gleacher Partners LLC
Patrick S. Pittard
Distinguished Executive in Residence
Terry Business School, University of Georgia
Jill S. Ruckelshaus
Retired Executive
David A. Stonecipher
Retired Chairman and CEO
Jefferson-Pilot Corporation
Isaiah Tidwell
Retired EVP and Georgia Wealth Management Director
Wachovia Corporation
Corporate Headquarters
Lincoln National Corporation
Centre Square, West Tower
1500 Market Street, 39th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19102-2112
Internet Information
Information on LNC’s financial results and its products and services as well as SEC filings are available on the Internet at
www.lfg.com.
Stock Listings
LNC’s common stock is traded on the New York and Chicago stock exchanges under the symbol LNC.
Inquiries
Analysts and institutional investors should contact:
James P. Sjoreen
Vice President - Investor Relations
Lincoln National Corporation
Centre Square, West Tower
1500 Market Street, 39th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19102
E-mail: investorrelations@LFG.com
Annual Meeting of Shareholders
The annual meeting of shareholders will be held at Delaware Investments, Inc., Second Floor Auditorium, Two Commerce Square,
2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102 at 10 a.m. (local time) on Thursday, May 10, 2007.
Shareholder Services
General inquiries or concerns about LNC shareholder services may be directed to shareholder services at 1-800-237-2920 or by
email at shareholderservices@LFG.com. Questions that are specific in nature, such as transfer of stock, change of address or
general inquiries regarding stock or dividend matters, should be directed to the transfer agent and registrar.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
For Regular mailings use:
Mellon Investor Services LLC
P.O. Box 3315
South Hackensack, NJ 07606-1915
1-866-541-9693
website: www.melloninvestor.com
For registered or overnight mailings use:
Mellon Investor Services
480 Washington Blvd.
Jersey City, NJ 07310-1900
Dividend Reinvestment Program/Direct Stock Purchase Plan
Lincoln National Corporation has a Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Investment Plan. For further information, write to Mellon
Investor Services at the addresses noted above.
Direct Deposit of Dividends
Quarterly dividends can be electronically deposited to shareholders’ checking or savings accounts on the dividend payment date.
Telephone inquiries may be directed to Mellon Investor Services at 1-866-541-9693.
Dividend Payment Schedule
Dividends on LNC common stock are paid February 1, May 1, August 1 and November 1.
Duplicate Mailings
Shareholders who own shares in more than one account may be receiving duplicate mailings of annual reports and other
shareholder information. To eliminate duplicate mailings and reduce expense to the Corporation, please contact Mellon Investor
Services at the addresses previously noted.
Lincoln Financial Group in a registered service mark of Lincoln National Corporation.
NYSE Certification
The 2006 annual New York Stock Exchange Annual CEO certification, regarding our compliance with the NYSE’s Corporate
Governance listing standards, was filed with the NYSE in July 2006. The most recent certifications by our Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed as exhibits to our 10-K.
23923_COV_BC.qxp 3/22/2007 7:19 AM Page 2
Lincoln National Corporation · 2006 Annual Report
Lincoln
Financial Group®
Hello future.SM
Lincoln National Corporation
Centre Square, West Tower
1500 Market Street, 39th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19102-2112
www.LFG.com
Lincoln Financial Group is the
marketing name for Lincoln
National Corporation and its
affiliates.