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MVB Financial Corp.

mvbf · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 453
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FY2020 Annual Report · MVB Financial Corp.
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ADAPTIVE 

ANNUAL 
REPORT 2020

CONTENTS

MVB Financial Corp.,  

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

14 

17 

18 

19 

Our Purpose and Our How

Trust

Commitment

Respect, Love, Caring

Teamwork

Adaptive

Who We Are

Strong Financial Performance

Chairman and Directors

COVID-19 Response

A Message From Our CEO

Significant Transactions

2020 Successes

Shareholder and Contact Info

 Form 10-K

the holding company of MVB Bank, Inc., is an 
innovative financial holding company providing 
banking services to individuals and corporate clients 
in the Mid-Atlantic region, as well as Payment and 
Fintech Deposit clients throughout the United States.

MVB Financial is publicly traded on The Nasdaq 
Capital Market® under the ticker “MVBF.” MVB Bank’s 
subsidiaries are MVB Technology, MVB Community 
Development Corporation, Chartwell Compliance  
and Paladin Fraud.

MVB has been rated 5-stars for 40 consecutive 
quarters by BauerFinancial. DepositAccounts.com,  
the largest and most comprehensive online 
publication in the U.S. covering every federally  
insured bank and credit union, has rated MVB  
as an A+.

ADAPTIVE 

At MVB, our culture is part of our corporate DNA, defining the environment 
in which our Team Members thrive. Our culture impacts a wide range of 
elements, including our Purpose, Core Values, behaviors and priorities that 
support growth and engagement. We think bigger, and we do bigger!

Our Purpose

TRUSTED PARTNERS ON THE 
FINANCIAL FRONTIER, COMMITTED 
TO YOUR SUCCESS

You deserve more than a bank. You deserve a trusted partner on the financial 
frontier, committed to your success. That’s who we are.

At our core, we power your potential. We strive to unlock the potential within 
our shareholders, clients, Team MVB and communities. Your success is our 
success. Together, we thrive.

Our How

With our biggest goal in mind – to positively impact the financial lives  
of one billion people – and enabled by our culture, MVB has identified a  
series of actions that keep our flywheel spinning and drive your success.  
Each action feeds into the next, creating momentum that accelerates  
results in growth and scale.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

1

TRUST 

Our highest priority remains the health and safety of each MVB Team Member. Thanks 
to our forward-thinking IT Team, we were prepared for our Team Members to work 
remotely when the pandemic struck. About 85% of Team MVB made the move to work 
efficiently and successfully from home. This transition took a high level of trust to 
execute and to maintain over the past year. Today, internal surveys show most Team 
Members say their quality of life has actually improved with working remotely. Working 
from home has proven to be effective for Team MVB, as we were able to make the 
transition and execute on strategic initiatives and goals in the new environment. 

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

2

COMMITMENT 

At the beginning of the pandemic, our Team Members reached out to 100% of our 
Commercial clients, not only to check on their wellbeing and their families, but also to 
ask how we could help with their businesses, employees and customers. Team MVB 
stepped up in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to aid our valued clients in applying 
for Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans through the SBA and U.S. Treasury.

By providing excellent service, including working 24 hours a day to meet application 
deadlines on behalf of our clients, Team MVB assisted with 455 total PPP loans with 
$89.76 million in total lending, supporting more than 30,000 jobs.

Team MVB exhibited a “yes, if” mindset and made a tremendous impact in the lives  
of those in our communities, illustrating what it means to truly show commitment. 

The MVB Board of Directors recognized Herman DeProspero (pictured here), Christopher 
Turley, Ryan Oliver, JoAnne Warco, Anthony Vasquez, all Lenders, Processors, Credit and 
the entire Banking Center Team for living our Core Values.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

3

RESPECT, LOVE, CARING 

Throughout the pandemic, CEO Larry F. Mazza sent every single MVB Team Member encouraging 
notes and small tokens of gratitude to their homes, which also helped support our local, small 
businesses. For example, he sent every Team Member live flowers with a personal note. Many 
Team Members responded about how much that meant to them.

“I just received the most beautiful arrangement of flowers and card. I am truly humbled to be 
working for such an amazing company and more importantly the amazing people that I get to 
work with and for every day. I have had multiple discussions with my Team over the past couple of 
weeks, and we all realize how fortunate we are to have the ability and flexibility to work remotely 
and continue to work every day when there are so many other companies that do not have that 
luxury. This was totally unexpected but greatly appreciated. Thank you so much for everything that 
you do!” - Kimberly J. Ice, AVP, Treasury Operations Manager

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

4

TEAMWORK

With one week to prepare, Team MVB stepped up in the midst of the COVID-19 
pandemic to successfully execute the FDIC-assisted deal to acquire The First State Bank 
of Barboursville on April 3, 2020. Team Members exceeded expectations, taking on 
critical roles with a “yes, if” attitude, giving up personal time, and in some cases traveling, 
to ensure a smooth transition. 

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

5

ADAPTIVE

In 2020, MVB’s Fintech vertical expanded with investment in talent acquisition and 
significant growth in noninterest-bearing deposits. With top clients in the Online Gaming 
industry, MVB is poised to capture leading-edge opportunities in the Gaming space. Our 
early experience and top performing client base in this arena have generated significant 
referrals. We made progress in the fourth quarter of 2020 to solidify MVB’s presence, 
building compliant products and services to meet the regulatory rigor required in these 
industries.

Our CoRe Banking vertical also expanded in 2020 with investment in talent in SBA 
Lending, as well as growth in Goverment Lending and Title and Specialty Deposits.  

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

6

Who We Are
MVB FINANCIAL CORP.

 MVB Financial Corp. is an innovative financial holding company providing banking 
services to individuals and corporate clients in the Mid-Atlantic region, as well as 
Payment and Fintech Deposit clients throughout the United States.

 MVB Financial, the holding company of MVB Bank, is publicly traded on The 
Nasdaq Capital Market® under the ticker “MVBF.” For more information about 
MVB, visit ir.mvbbanking.com.

Headquartered in Fairmont, West Virginia, MVB Bank and the Bank’s subsidiaries, MVB 
Technology, MVB Community Development Corporation, Chartwell Compliance and Paladin 
Fraud, provide financial services to individuals and corporate clients in the Mid-Atlantic region 
and beyond. MVB Bank has two main verticals, Fintech and CoRe Banking. The combination of 
Commercial and Retail, CoRe Banking includes loans, deposits and non-interest income, as well 
as deposits, interchange and fee income and small business loans. The MVB Bank CoRe Banking 
footprint encompasses 13 total locations, 10 in West Virginia and three in Northern Virginia. MVB 
Fintech Treasury & Deposit Services has a Sales Team based in Salt Lake City, Utah, and clients 
from coast to coast. For more information about MVB Bank, visit www.mvbbanking.com. 

MVB 
TECHNOLOGY

MVB Technology is the company that holds the technology purchased from Invest Forward  
dba GRAND and will be our entity for future growth and acquisition opportunities.

MVB COMMUNITY 
DEVELOPMENT CORP.

The MVB Community Development Corporation, a subsidiary of MVB Bank, Inc., is committed to 
the mission of transforming low-income communities, creating economic opportunities for low-
income persons and financing qualified businesses through the provision of capital investments 
and lending in a manner that provides a vital impact on the lives of individuals and their 
communities. For more information about MVB Community Development Corp., visit  
https://mvbbanking.com/mvbs-community-development-corporation/.

Chartwell Compliance, a wholly-owned subsidiary of MVB Bank, Inc., is one of the world’s leading 
specialist firms in state and federal compliance and market entry facilitation for firms entering 
into or expanding in North America, serving many of the most high-profile providers of the 
Fintech industry. For more information about Chartwell Compliance, visit  
www.chartwellcompliance.com. 

Founded by a group of insider industry experts who knew what fraud prevention can and 
should be, Paladin Fraud offers an extensive and customizable suite of services for merchants, 
credit agencies, Fintechs and vendors. Paladin strategizes for the long game, helping clients 
and partners defend against today’s threats—and tomorrow’s. Paladin places special focus on 
education and training, arming these types of organizations with the insight they need to stay on 
top. Paladin joined the MVB family through its acquisition by a wholly-owned subsidiary of MVB 
Bank. For more information about Paladin, visit http://paladinfraud.com/. 

MVB Financial Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary MVB Bank, Inc. announced on July 1, 2020, 
that the Bank’s subsidiary Potomac Mortgage Group, Inc. (dba MVB Mortgage) completed a 
combination with Intercoastal Mortgage Company, a Van Metre Company. MVB Mortgage and 
ICMC are now one of the largest independently owned residential mortgage lending operations 
in the Mid-Atlantic region: Intercoastal Mortgage, LLC. MVB Bank is affiliated with MVB Mortgage, 
offering a broad line of residential mortgage loan products. MVB Mortgage is a licensed trade 
name of Intercoastal Mortgage, LLC. For more information, visit https://icmtg.com/. 

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Numbers

28

NUMBER OF STATES WHERE 
MVB TEAM MEMBERS ARE 
LOCATED

22

NUMBER OF 

GAMING CLIENTS

STRONG FINANCIAL 
PERFORMANCE
Year Ended December 31, 2020

$533.0M

TOTAL FINTECH 
RELATED DEPOSITS 
254.8% INCREASE*

*Year Over Year

$357.9M

GAMING DEPOSITS,  
INCLUDED IN TOTAL  
FINTECH DEPOSITS  
197.5% INCREASE*

Top Banks in the U.S.  
by Deposit Accounts

Rank

Financial Institution

Bank of America

Well Fargo Bank

Chase Bank

US Bank

TD Bank

Navy Federal Credit Union

Citi®

Capital One

PNC Bank

Truist

USAA Bank

Regions Bank

Fifth Third Bank (OH)

Discover Bank

Customer
Accounts

118,052,260

67,495,280

63,038,730

36,881,647

21,414,397

21,151,581

20,510,153

18,758,584

18,606,251

14,252,216

12,122,989

6,809,559

6,425,610

5,963,081

State Employees’ Credit Union (NC)

5,101,824

Citizens Bank (RI)

Huntington National Bank

Ally Bank

Optum bank, Inc. 

KeyBank

MVB Bank

M&T Bank

BBVA

Santander bank, N.A.

PenFed Credit Union

5,054,446

5,006,457

4,478,892

4,344,778

4,216,189

3,821,731

3,648,604

3,500,726

3,157,201

3,021,141

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

38.6%
in cre a s e

157.0%
in cre a s e

29.8%
in cre a s e

NET INCOME

2020 
$3.13 basic & $3.06 diluted earnings per share

             $37.4M

2019 
$2.26 basic & $2.20 diluted earnings per share

             $27.0M

NIB DEPOSITS

             $715.8M
2020 
NIB deposits were 36.1% of total deposits

2019 
             $278.5M
NIB deposits were 22.0% of total deposits

TANGIBLE BOOK VALUE

2020 

             $19.73

2019 

             $15.20

ASSET QUALITY

Net charge-offs to total loans:
2020 = 0.15%
2019 = 0.07%

Allowance for loan losses to total loans (with PPP loans):
2020 = 1.78%
2019 = 0.86%

Allowance for loan losses to total loans (without PPP loans):
2020 = 1.88%
2019 = 0.86%

Source: https://www.depositaccounts.com/banks/assets aspx?instType=&stateType=h-
q&state=&sort=totalaccounts (Data is sourced from the most recently published FDIC and NCUA 
quarterly reports.)

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

8

FROM THE CHAIRMAN

“During the challenge of a global pandemic, MVB had the most successful year in its history. Driven by 
a shared Purpose and Core Values, Team MVB adapted to the changing environment and executed on 
multiple strategic initiatives to the benefit of our shareholders, communities and clients.”

“

-- Chairman David B. Alvarez

MVB BOARD OF DIRECTORS

DDaavviidd  BB..  AAllvvaarreezz  
Year Appointed: 2013     Chairman of the Board
President, Energy Transportation and Applied 
Construction Solutions
Committees:  Loan Approval, MVB CDC Board, MVB Insurance 
Board (Chair), & PMG Board

C

WW..  MMaarrssttoonn  ““MMaarrttyy””  BBeecckkeerr
Year Appointed: 2020
Former Chairman of the Board of QBE Insurance Group
Committees: Finance, HR & Compensation, & Nominating & 
Corporate Governance

I

LLaarrrryy  FF..  MMaazzzzaa
Year Appointed: 2005
President & CEO, MVB & MVB Bank
Committees: ALCO, Loan Approval, Loan Review, Paladin Fraud 
Board, Chartwell Compliance Board, MVB CDC Board, MVB 
CDPI Board, MVB Insurance Board, & PMG Board

N

DDrr..  KKeellllyy  RR..  NNeellssoonn  
Year Appointed: 2005 
Physician
Committees: Nominating & Corporate Governance (Chair), HR 
& Compensation, Risk & Compliance (Chair), Loan Approval, 
Paladin Fraud Board, & Chartwell Compliance Board

I

JJoohhnn  WW..  EEbbeerrtt
Year Appointed: 2013
President, J. W. Ebert Corporation
Committees: Audit, Finance (Chair), Nominating & Corporate 
Governance, & MVB CDC Board

I

JJ..  CChhrriissttoopphheerr  PPaalllloottttaa
Year Appointed: 1999
Director & CEO, Bond Insurance Agency, Inc.
Committees: Audit, ALCO (Chair), Loan Approval (Chair), Loan 
Review (Chair), & Chartwell Compliance Board

I

DDaanniieell WW.. HHoolltt
Year Appointed: 2017
Co-Founder & CEO, BillGO 
Committees: Nominating & Corporate Governance, Risk & 
Compliance, & Paladin Fraud Board

I

I
AAnnnnaa  JJ..  SSaaiinnssbbuurryy
Year Appointed: 2020
Chairman and Founder at GeoGuard and GeoComply
Committees: HR & Compensation,  Nominating & Corporate 
Governance, Risk & Compliance, & Paladin Fraud Board

GGaarryy  AA..  LLeeDDoonnnnee
Year Appointed: 2016
Executive in Residence at the John Chambers College of 
Business & Economics at WVU 
Committees: Audit Finance, HR & Compensation (Chair), ALCO, 
MVB CDC Board (Chair), & MVB CDPI Board (Chair), Loan 
Review, PMG Board (Chair)

I

CChheerryyll  DD.. SSppiieellmmaann
Year Appointed: 2019
Retired Partner, Ernst & Young
Committees: Audit (Chair), Finance, Risk & Compliance, & 
Chartwell Compliance Board

I

CC Independent Chairman

NN Non-Independent Director

II

Independent Director

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

9

MVB COVID-19 RESPONSE
Living by Our Core Values 

At MVB, we think differently. We leaned into the uncertainty 
of the COVID-19 environment and safely leveraged our Core 
Value of being Adaptive so that when the world returns to 
its new normal, we will be positioned even stronger than 
when 2020 began. Team MVB put our Purpose and Core 
Values into action at the forefront of everything we did.

We are grateful for our CoRe Banking Team Members who have kept our drive-thrus 
and banking centers open by appointment for clients throughout the pandemic. 
Pictured here are Team Members from our Bridgeport, WV, banking center. One way 
to thank our banking center Teams for their service was providing lunch each day 
from local restaurants.

2020 COVID Relief Impact

.  1

$40,000 to 20 agencies across 8 counties

Partner Impact:

• 17,907 meals distributed

• 2,532 households received food boxes

• 521 households received rent or utility assistance

• 544 students impacted

• 6 mobile hotspots for students in remote areas of Marion County, WV

• 5,000 masks distributed

• 35 gallons of hand sanitizer distributed

The time and effort that MVB has invested in its Culture 
Initiative provided a solid foundation to face the unprecedented 
challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. This effort has 
ensured that Team Members remain mentally focused and highly 
productive, even in a difficult environment.

MVB has thrived since March 11, 2020, when more than 85% 
of our Team Members across 28 states migrated to working 
remotely. Our Information Technology Team worked diligently 
to position MVB so that it could seamlessly support a remote 
workforce. As we continued to expand our footprint, acquiring 
new organizations across the United States, the IT Team 
implemented technologies to support this growth.   

Exercising our Core Values, the Executive Leadership Team 
made keeping our Team Members safe their top priority. Prior 
to the shift to remote status, a Pandemic Response Team 
was assembled and continues to meet daily to monitor Team 
Member Travel and Illness Concerns/Reports as well as the ever-
changing COVID-19 landscape. The Team has also generated 
procedures for Team Members, vendors, visitors and clients 
and has provided signage and materials to our MVB locations 
(i.e., washable masks, disposable masks, hand sanitizer, hand 
sanitizer stations, disinfectant, thermometers, glass shields). The 
Team enhanced the cleaning standards and frequency at all MVB 
locations to ensure optimal safety for those Team Members who 
continue working on site.

Team MVB experienced no layoffs or salary reductions related to 
the pandemic; the organization has increased headcount over 
the past year. Leadership continues to adapt with the changing 
environment and show flexibility for Team Members who manage 
virtual school for their children or need other accommodations. 

Other existing programs such as the Team Member Emergency 
Fund and the Vacation Donation Program are available to assist 
Team Members with significant personal issues.

Team MVB has provided support for our clients’ financial needs 
throughout the pandemic. We have maintained critical access 
to banking services for our clients. Our banking center lobbies 
remained open by appointment throughout 2020. We continued 
to serve our clients through our drive-thrus, ATMs, ITMs, Digital 
Banking, our MVB Mobile App and Telephone Banking. Several 
years ago, MVB implemented ITMs, which helped with client 
access and reduced banking center openings. We were able 
to service our clients in a safe and contact free manner. In the 
first week of April 2020, we implemented an interest payment 
deferment program for our consumer and commercial clients 
being impacted by COVID-19, educated our front line Team on 
how to handle inquiries, and we made a request form available 
on our website. Team MVB also has supported our communities. 
While MVB currently gives hundreds of thousands of dollars in 
contributions and sponsorships for our communities, additional 
funding was allocated to try to help our neighbors.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

10

A MESSAGE 
FROM OUR CEO

Being adaptive has become part of our corporate DNA.  

In 2019, MVB truly transformed from a traditional bank 

to an independent, creative-thinking financial holding 

company with a strong banking core to power our potential 

for the future. In 2020, MVB leaned into the challenge  

of the pandemic to make the year the most successful  

of our history with record earnings.

Adaptive

There is a quote about nature attributed to Charles 

Darwin: “It’s not the strongest of the species that 

survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the one most 

adaptable to change.”

When MVB selected being Adaptive as one of our Core 

Values in 2018, we did not anticipate how critical that 

mindset would be just two years later. That foundation 

gave Team MVB the ability to think differently and 

embrace the uncertainty of our new COVID-19 

environment in 2020.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, MVB reported 

net income of $37.4 million, or $3.13 basic and $3.06 

diluted earnings per share. In unprecedented times, MVB 

Larry F. Mazza

thrived. We completed multiple strategic transactions, 

created growth in tangible book value and shareholder 

value and onboarded a number of new highly talented 

and experienced Team Members. I could not be more 

grateful to Team MVB for what we accomplished in 2020. 

I am thankful for our Executive Leadership Team who 

proactively rose to the challenge of the pandemic and 

put the health and safety of our Team Members first 

in our decisions. I am thankful for Team MVB, many of 

whom transitioned to working from home for the first 

time, for their continued commitment to our clients and 

communities. I am thankful for Team Members on our 

front lines who have kept our banking centers open.  

I am thankful for your continued support as 

shareholders.

Total Assets

Net Income

1 3 %   C A G R

$1,751 

$1,944 

$1,534 

$1,419 

s
d
n
a
s
u
o
h
t
n

i

 $2,400

 $2,200

 $2,000

 $1,800

 $1,600

 $1,400

 $1,200

 $1,000

$2,331 

 $40,000

 $35,000

s
d
n
a
s
u
o
h
t
n

i

 $30,000

 $25,000

 $20,000

 $15,000

 $10,000

 $5,000

$37,411 

2 4 %   C A G R

$26,991 

$12,912 

$12,003 

$7,575 

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

11

 
 
Cash Dividends Per Share

$0.36

3 5 %   C A G R

8 5 %  
In cre ase

$0.195

$0.08

$0.10

$0.11

Consistent, Top Tier Asset Quality Through Cycles

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Non-Performing Loans / Total Loans

ALLL / Total Loans (Excluding PPP)

Book Value & Tangible Book Value

3.21%

3.43%

3.26%

2.47%

2.29%

0.00%

0.74% 0.88% 0.77%

0.14% 1.16% 0.99%

1.68% 1.65%

1.46%

1.17% 1.06%

0.87%

0.94%

0.88%

0.59%

0.54% 0.37%

0.64%

2.30%

1.80%

1.30%

0.80%

0.30%

1.80% 1.74% 1.66%

1.53%

1.30%

1.49%

1.34% 1.26%

1.88%

1.16% 1.09% 1.04% 0.98% 1.43%

0.92% 0.96%

0.84% 0.81%

0.91%

0.79% 0.78% 0.78% 0.86% 0.89% 0.84% 0.86%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

MVBF

Regional Peers

MVBF

Regional Peers

Regional peers defined as public institutions headquartered in West Virginia, Maryland, 
Virginia, and the Washington D.C. MSA with assets between $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion.

 $22

 $19

 $16

 $13

 $10

  1 6 %   C A G R
  1 2 %   C A G R

T B V :
B V :

$12.93 

$13.63 

$11.01

$11.80

$14.55 

$12.92

$20.14 

$19.73

$17.13 

$15.20

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Book Value

Tangible Book Value

NCOs / Average Loans

1.00%

0.66%

0.81% 0.76%

0.59%

0.33%

0.25%

0.18%

0.33% 0.35%

0.42%

0.32%

0.19% 0.24% 0.21%

0.13% 0.12%

0.14%

0.25%

0.17%

0.22%

0.07%

0.12% 0.11%

0.10%

0.07%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

“Excellent historical asset quality…NPAs are a sterling 34 bps of
assets. Non-performers have been below peers for several years
Enhancing Shareholder Value
with quite impressive performance through the Great Recession.”

“defensively offensive” at a time when most banks were 

- Nicholas Cucharale, Piper Sandler & Co., March 24, 2020

sitting out. 

As your trusted partners, Team MVB remains committed 

3.90%

2.90%

1.90%

0.90%

1.10%

-0.10%

0.54%

1.00%

0.60%

0.20%

-0.20%

Source: SEC filings and S&P Global Market Intelligence. Regional peers defined as public institutions headquartered in West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, and the Washington D.C. MSA with assets between $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion. Peer 

be in a position to add value for those who support us. 

data reflects the most recent data publicly available.

MVBF

Regional Peers

to your success as shareholders, and we are pleased to 

MVB continues to produce meaningful growth in both 

earnings and tangible book value (TBV). TBV per share, a 

        •   We focused on existing non-performing loans to clean the 
deck to prepare for possible pandemic-related credit issues 
in future quarters. We evaluated our loan loss allowance 
and the impact of recent economic events and increased in 
the remaining quarters as warranted.

1

non-U.S. GAAP measure, was $19.73 as of December 31, 

        •    In March 2020, we announced that the Bank’s subsidiary 

2020, an increase of $4.53, or 29.8%, from December 31, 

2019. I remain committed to balancing our investment 

in the future with a dividend program that shares our 

success with shareholders, including issuing the $0.36 

per share dividend for 2020.

Strategic Steps to Stimulate Progress 

Early on in the pandemic, we looked for ways to be 

adaptive, making strategic steps to stimulate progress. 

COVID-19 has had a major impact on the mortgage 

industry created volatility in the market, but MVB became 

MVB Mortgage entered into an agreement with Intercoastal 
Mortgage Company (ICMC), a Van Metre Company. MVB 
Mortgage and ICMC have formed one of the largest 
independently owned residential mortgage lending 
operations in the Mid-Atlantic Region: Intercoastal Mortgage, 
LLC.

        •   On April 3, 2020, we announced that MVB purchased the 

deposits and certain assets of the insolvent First State Bank 
through an agreement with the FDIC. As a testament to the 
strength and adaptability of Team MVB in the COVID-19 
environment, we managed to mobilize and close this major 
deal in 28 days.  

        •   On April 17, 2020, we announced the acquisition of Paladin 
Fraud by a wholly owned subsidiary of MVB Bank. The move 
further differentiated MVB’s expanding Fintech vertical with 
its commitment to fraud prevention. 

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

12

Consistent, Top Tier Asset Quality Through Cycles

Non-Performing Loans / Total Loans

ALLL / Total Loans (Excluding PPP)

3.21%

3.43%

3.26%

2.47%

2.29%

1.68% 1.65%

1.46%

1.17% 1.06%

0.87%

0.94%

3.90%

2.90%

1.90%

0.90%

1.10%

-0.10%

0.54%

0.00%

0.74% 0.88% 0.77%

0.14% 1.16% 0.99%

0.88%

0.59%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2.30%

1.80%

1.30%

0.80%

0.30%

1.80% 1.74% 1.66%

1.53%

1.30%

1.49%

1.34% 1.26%

1.88%

1.16% 1.09% 1.04% 0.98% 1.43%

0.92% 0.96%

0.84% 0.81%

0.91%

0.79% 0.78% 0.78% 0.86% 0.89% 0.84% 0.86%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

0.54% 0.37%
2019
2018

0.64%

2020

MVBF

Regional Peers

MVBF

Regional Peers

        •   MVB entered into a purchase agreement in November 2019 
with Summit Financial Group for our four banking centers in 
our East Market, and the deal closed on April 24, 2020. 

        •   Also in April, we proactively sought an independent Kroll 

Bond Rating Agency rating, and they provided MVB a BBB+ 
deposit rating and a BBB investment grade, which validates 
our safety, soundness and strength.

1.00%

0.60%

0.20%

-0.20%

NCOs / Average Loans

1.00%

0.66%

0.81% 0.76%

0.59%

0.33%

0.25%

0.18%

0.33% 0.35%

0.42%

0.32%

0.19% 0.24% 0.21%

0.13% 0.12%

0.14%

0.25%

0.17%

0.22%

0.07%

0.12% 0.11%

0.10%

0.07%

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

MVBF

Regional Peers

“Excellent historical asset quality…NPAs are a sterling 34 bps of
assets. Non-performers have been below peers for several years
with quite impressive performance through the Great Recession.”

- Nicholas Cucharale, Piper Sandler & Co., March 24, 2020

Tender Offer and Stock Repurchase 
Program

In 2020, MVB was pleased to complete both a stock 

buyback program and a tender offer. As part of 

MVB’s modified Dutch Auction tender offer, a total of 

536,490 shares of the Company’s common stock were 

repurchased for an aggregate cost of approximately 

$10.9 million, excluding related fees and expenses. In 

connection with the announcement of the final results of 

the tender offer, MVB also announced that on or before 

December 31, 2021, the Company may repurchase up to 

$31.9 million of additional shares of its common stock. 

A total of 796,414 shares totaling $15.0 million were 

repurchased in 2020. 

Source: SEC filings and S&P Global Market Intelligence. Regional peers defined as public institutions headquartered in West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, and the Washington D.C. MSA with assets between $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion. Peer 
data reflects the most recent data publicly available.

Regional peers defined as public institutions headquartered in West 
Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, and the Washington D.C. MSA with assets 
between $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion.

1

Commercial Lending

MVB was quick to react to the economic fallout of the 

COVID-19 pandemic by proactively reviewing every 

commercial loan, working closely with loan clients and 

implementing a daily monitoring process to fully manage 

the portfolio. On the commercial lending front, we continue 

to diversify our lending both through types of loans and 

geographical reach. In the third quarter, we onboarded a 

highly experienced team of SBA lenders to join MVB. This 

well-seasoned team has a proven national lending model 

that is already contributing by helping small businesses in 

many areas.

Cumulative Total Shareholder Return

$210.00

$190.00

l

e
u
a
V
x
e
d
n

I

$170.00

$150.00

$130.00

$110.00

$90.00

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

12/31/2017

12/31/2018

12/31/2019

12/31/2020

 MVB Financial Corp.

KBW Bank Index

Russell 2000

Assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2015 and that all dividends were reinvested.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

13

 
SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTIONS 

FDIC-ASSISTED ACQUISITION of the First State 
Bank, Barboursville, WV. Bargain purchase gain of $4.7M. 
Completed on April 3, 2020. 

1

PALADIN FRAUD, LLC ACQUISITION Enhance 
the Fintech vertical with its commitment to fraud prevention. 
Completed on April 17, 2020.

2

SALE OF FOUR Eastern Panhandle, WV, Banking Centers. Gain 
on sale of $9.6M. Completed on April 24, 2020.

3

MVB MORTGAGE COMBINATION with Intercoastal 
Mortgage, LLC. Formed one of the largest independently owned mortgage 
lending operations in the Mid-Atlantic region. Completed on July 1, 2020.

4

INVEST FORWARD, INC; ACQUISITION Acquired the assets 
of GRAND, a mobile app that incentivizes savings through digital banking. 
Completed on August 7, 2020. 

5

TENDER OFFER As part of MVB’s modified Dutch Action tender offer, a 
total of 536,490 shares of the Company’s common stock were repurchased for 
an aggregate cost of $10.9M, excluding related fees and expenses. Completed 
on December 18, 2020. 

6

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

14

Deposits

Growth in Hospitality & Gaming Deposits

 $2,000

s
n
o

i
l
l
i

m
n

i

 $1,500

 $1,000

l

e
c
n
a
a
B
e
g
a
e
v
A

r

$1,778 

  5 6 %   C A G R

N I B :

$1,227 

$879 

$922 

$1,013 

 $500

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Noninterest-bearing deposits
Interest-bearing deposits
NIB deposits as a % of total deposits

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

s
t
i
s
o
p
e
D

l

a
t
o
T

f

o
%
a
s
a
M
N

I

s
n
o

i
l
l
i

m
n

i

 $400

 $350

 $300

 $250

 $200

 $150

 $100

 $50

 $-

$358 

1 6 2 %   C A G R

$120 

$52 

2018

2019

2020

Commercial lending showed momentum in the fourth 

With the intent to increase noninterest income, MVB signed 

quarter, including meaningful growth from our new SBA 

agreements with two of the largest payment processors in 

Team. Our national presence in 7A SBA loans continues to 

the U.S. for card acquiring sponsorship. 

rise in the industries we have targeted. Our Commercial 

Lending Team followed up on the first round of PPP loans 

MVB remains poised to capture leading-edge opportunities 

with loan forgiveness assistance and readied for the next 

in the Gaming space. Our early experience and top 

round of loans.

performing client base in this arena have generated 

significant referrals. We made significant progress in the 

Allowance for loan losses to total loans was 1.8% as of 

fourth quarter of 2020 to solidify MVB’s presence, building 

December 31, 2020, an increase of 92 basis points from 

compliant products and services to meet the regulatory rigor 

December 31, 2019. Excluding Paycheck Protection Program 

required in these industries.

(“PPP”) loans of $82.0 million which are generally fully 

guaranteed by the U.S. government, allowance for loan 

Fintech related deposits totaled $533.0 million as of 

losses to total loans was 1.9% as of December 31, 2020, and 

December 31, 2020,  an increase of $382.8 million, or 254.8%, 

an increase of 102 basis points from December 31, 2019. 

from December 31, 2019. Gaming deposits, included in total 

Fintech and Gaming

Fintech deposits, were $357.9 million as of December 31, 

2020, an increase of $151.3 million, an increase of $237.6 

million, or 197.5% from December 31, 2019.

Through our expanded partnership with Credit Karma, MVB 

The MVB subsidiaries, Chartwell Compliance and Paladin 

is now ranked as the 21st bank in the United States in terms 

Fraud, are proving to be key acquisitions in deploying their 

of total number of deposit accounts by FDIC and NCUA in 

extensive experience in support of MVB’s industry-leading 

their quarterly reports published in February 2021. We also 

regulatory and compliance practices and in directly serving 

currently have Gaming clients across the U.S. 

many of their own clients. 

The recent acquisition of technology like Invest Forward,  

dba GRAND, gives MVB the ability to expand our product 

Mortgage

base even more. We continue to attract high caliber talent  

to augment our high-performing Team, both at the 

leadership and skilled technical levels.

MVB Mortgage experienced a strong resurgence in the 

second quarter, an improvement from the COVID-driven 

market turmoil late in the first quarter. The mortgage 

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
market remained robust through year-end. On July 1, we 

hairy, audacious goal” as well – our Moonshot – which is 

announced the completion of MVB Mortgage’s combination 

to positively impact the financial lives of 1 billion people. 

with Intercoastal Mortgage, LLC. MVB recognized a gain 

Reaching that goal will take a lot of technology and a lot of 

on the mortgage combination transaction of $3.3 million 

A+ players. That’s what inspires us and drives us to think 

during the third quarter. We have been validated in our 

bigger and DO BIGGER.

long-held belief that investment in this mortgage company is 

a protection against down-side risk in the cyclical mortgage 

industry. Our investment strategy in Intercostal Mortgage 

this past year continues to reap positive results based on 

current trends in the housing and real estate markets.

Think Bigger and DO BIGGER

MVB is well positioned into 2021 with an extremely strong 

balance sheet, strong capital and liquidity positions. 

Continued execution in our Fintech and Gaming verticals 

will give us the ability to expand our product base on the 

financial frontier. 

I remain grateful for our dedicated Board of Directors 

and Teammates. Thank you for believing in MVB and for 

In addition to our Purpose and Core Values, one 

allowing us to be your trusted partners, committed to your 

additional motivator drives us and gets us out of bed 

success. As always, feel free to contact me directly with 

every day. That’s our Moonshot. This concept goes back to 

comments or questions, including ways we can assist you 

1962 when JFK was U.S. President. When he talked about 

or someone you know with financial needs.

the USA taking off to the moon, it seemed impossible 

at the time. The Russians were well ahead of us in 

technology, and it looked like they were going to dominate 

space. But seven years later we did become the first 

nation to land a person on the moon. MVB has a “big, 

The best is yet to come,

Larry F. Mazza, President and CEO, MVB Financial Corp.

OUR MOONSHOT

To positively impact the financial lives of 1 billion people

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

16

 
FIRST 
QUARTER

•  Announcement of MVB Mortgage merger with Intercoastal
Biggest accomplishment of 1Q was learning to thrive in a COVID-19 environment:
•  Transition to working remotely
•  Keeping banking services available for our clients
•  Personally checking on 100% of Commercial clients
•  Offering a financial relief program to MVB consumer loan borrowers affected by the
    pandemic 
•  Completing $89.76 million in PPP loans to help small businesses keep their employees 
•  Executing a plan to increase our community giving and partnership outreach

SECOND 
QUARTER

•  Close of Eastern Panhandle banking center sale to Summit
•  Close of First State Bank acquisition
•  MVB acquires Paladin Fraud
•  Reached 2 million deposit accounts with Credit Kama
•  Reached $200 million in Fintech deposits
•  West Virginia Black Heritage Festival honors MVB Bank with award
   for exemplary leadership in philanthropy
•  Kroll Bond Rating provided MVB a BBB+ deposit rating and a BBB
   investment grade, which validates our safety, soundness and strength

2020 
SUCCESSES

THIRD 
QUARTER

•  Merger closes between MVB Mortgage and Intercoastal 
•  MVBF acquires GRAND intellectual property
•  Completed First State Bank conversion
•  Reached $350 million in Fintech deposits

FOURTH 
QUARTER

•  Started doing processing for one of the largest payment processors
•  MVB Bank became a top 30
   bank in the nation by volume of accounts
•  SBA Team joins CoRe Banking division
•  MVB has Team Members in 25 states and Israel

YEAR
END

Year-End Accomplishments:
CoRe Banking:

•  Title Division – As of November 30, 2020, grew $186 million in deposits
•  Specialty Deposit Division – As of December 30, 2020 grew $86 million  
   in deposits. This growth took place even with running off $80
   million in deposits because we were unwilling to match the rate
   of competitor bank

Fintech:

•  Reached $1 million of Fintech non-interest income
•  Reached $500 million in Fintech deposits

Talent Acquisition:

•  About 140 open positions filled to date in 2020. 
   Of these fills, about 30 were internal moves, or about 20% filled with  
   internal opportunities.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDER AND CONTACT INFORMATION 

Shareholders Meeting 
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders of MVB Financial Corp. (MVB) will be held at 9:00 a.m. on May 18, 2021. This 
meeting is for the purpose of considering and voting upon certain proposals. Only those shareholders of record at the 
close of business on March 24, 2021, shall be entitled to notice of the meeting and to vote at the meeting. 

Transfer Agent & Shareholder Inquiries 
The corporation’s transfer agent is Computershare. Inquiries concerning transfer requirements, lost certificates, and 
change of address should be directed to: 

Computershare 
462 South 4th Street 
Louisville, KY 40202 
www.computershare.com 

Investor Inquiries 
Investor inquiries to the Company should be directed to: 
Marcie Lipscomb 
(304) 285-0020 
mlipscomb@mvbbanking.com 

All Other Inquiries 
All other inquiries to the Company should be directed to:  
MVB Financial Corp. 
Attn: Investor Relations 
301 Virginia Avenue 
Fairmont, WV 26554 
(844) MVB-BANK (844-682-2265) 

Form 10-K 
A copy of the MVB Financial Corp. Form 10-K for 2020, which has been filed with the SEC, is available without 
attachments at no charge upon written request and is also available at http://ir.mvbbanking.com. 

Inquiries should be directed to the Investor Relations contact above. 

Independent Registered Accounting Firm 
Dixon Hughes Goodman, LLP 
809 Glen Eagles Court, Suite 200 
Baltimore, MD 21286 

Stock Market Listing 
MVB Financial Corp. stock is traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol: MVBF.

MVB BANK ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

18

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
or
☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number 000-50567

MVB Financial Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

West Virginia

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

301 Virginia Avenue, Fairmont, WV

(Address of principal executive offices)

20-0034461

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

26554

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (304) 363-4800

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value Per Share

MVBF

Name of each exchange on
which registered

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
(Nasdaq Capital Market)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) Act.  Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the 
past 90 days.  Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation 
S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging 
growth  company.    See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,”  “smaller  reporting  company,”  and  “emerging  growth  company”  in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
Large accelerated filer ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

Smaller reporting company ☒

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or 
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over 
financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit 
report.  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes ☐  No ☒

Based upon the closing price of the common shares of the registrant on June 30, 2020 of $13.30 as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the aggregate market 
value of the common shares of the registrant held by non-affiliates during that time was $137,985,864. For this purpose, certain executive officers and directors 
are considered affiliates. This calculation does not reflect a determination that such persons are affiliates for any other purpose.

As of March 8, 2021, the registrant had 11,568,156 shares of common stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions  of  the  registrant’s  definitive  proxy  statement  relating  to  the  2021  Annual  Meeting  of  Shareholders  are  incorporated  by  reference  into  Part  III  of  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.

Properties

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

Item 9B.

Other Information

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Item 14.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16.

Form 10-K Summary

2

Page

5

21

33

33

34

34

35

37

39

55

58

124

124

126

126

126

126

126

126

127

129

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward-Looking Statements:

Statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  that  are  based  on  other  than  historical  data  are  “forward-looking  statements” 
within  the  meaning  of  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  Forward-looking  statements  provide  current 
expectations  or  forecasts  of  future  events  and  include,  among  others,  statements  with  respect  to  the  beliefs,  plans,  objectives, 
goals, guidelines, expectations, anticipations and future financial condition, results of operations and performance of the Company 
and  its  subsidiaries  (collectively,  “we,”  “our,”  or  “us”),  including  the  Bank,  and  statements  preceded  by,  followed  by  or  that 
include  the  words  “may,”  “could,”  “should,”  “would,”  “will,”  “believe,”  “anticipate,”  “estimate,”  “expect,”  “intend,”  “plan,” 
“projects,” “outlook,” or the negative of those terms or similar expressions.

These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, nor should they be relied upon as representing the 
Company's view as of any subsequent date. Forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties (both known 
and  unknown)  and  actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  those  presented,  either  expressed  or  implied,  including,  but  not 
limited  to,  those  presented  in  the  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  section.  Factors  that  might  cause  such  differences 
include, but are not limited to:

l the length, severity, magnitude and duration of the Coronavirus Disease (“COVID-19”) pandemic and the direct and indirect 

impacts of such pandemic, including its impact on the Company’s financial condition and business operations;

l changes  in  the  economy,  which  could  materially  impact  credit  quality  trends  and  the  ability  to  generate  loans  and  gather 

deposits, including the pace of recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic;

l ability  to  successfully  execute  business  plans,  manage  risks  and  achieve  objectives,  including  strategies  related  to  recent 

investments in Fintech;

l market, economic, operational, liquidity, credit and interest rate risks associated with the Company's business;
l changes  in  local,  national  and  international  political  and  economic  conditions,  including  without  limitation  changes  in  the 
political  and  economic  climate,  economic  conditions  and  other  major  developments,  including  wars,  natural  disasters, 
epidemics and pandemics, military actions and terrorist attacks;

l changes in financial market conditions, either internationally, nationally or locally in areas in which the Company conducts 
operations,  including  without  limitation,  reduced  rates  of  business  formation  and  growth,  commercial  and  residential  real 
estate development and real estate prices;

l unanticipated  changes  in  the  Company's  liquidity  position,  including  but  not  limited  to  changes  in  access  to  sources  of 

liquidity and capital to address its liquidity needs;

l changes in interest rates; 
l the quality and composition of the loan and securities portfolios; 
l ability  to  successfully  conduct  acquisitions  and  integrate  acquired  businesses  and  potential  difficulties  in  expanding 

businesses in existing and new markets;

l ability to successfully manage credit risk and the sufficiency of allowance for credit losses;
l increases in the levels of losses, customer bankruptcies, bank failures, claims and assessments;
l changes in government legislation and accounting policies, including the Dodd-Frank Act and EGRRCPA;
l uncertainty about the discontinued use of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative rate;
l continuing competition and consolidation in the financial services industry; 
l new  legal  claims  against  us,  including  litigation,  arbitration  and  proceedings  brought  by  governmental  or  self-regulatory 

agencies or changes in existing legal matters;

l success in gaining regulatory approvals, when required, including for proposed mergers or acquisitions;
l changes in consumer spending and savings habits, including demand for loan products and deposit flow;
l increased  competitive  challenges  and  expanding  product  and  pricing  pressures  among  financial  institutions  and  non-bank 

financial companies;

l operational risks or risk management failures by us or critical third parties, including without limitation with respect to data 
processing,  information  systems,  cyber-security,  technological  changes,  vendor  problems,  business  interruptions  and  fraud 
risk;

l failure or circumvention of internal controls;
l legislation or regulatory changes which adversely affect operations or business, including changes to address the impact of 

COVID-19 through the CARES Act and other legislative and regulatory responses to the COVID-19 pandemic; and

l ability to comply with applicable laws and regulations; changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by 
the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  or  regulatory  agencies,  including  the  impact  of  adoption  of  the  new 
CECL standard; and

l costs of deposit insurance and changes with respect to FDIC insurance coverage levels.

Certain  risk  factors  that  might  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  presented  are  more  fully  described  in  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K within Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, and from time to time, in other filings with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any forward-looking 
statement. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date 
of this report. Except to the extent required by law, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to update any factors or to 
publicly  announce  the  result  of  revisions  to  any  of  the  forward-looking  statements  included  herein  to  reflect  future  events  or 
developments.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Corporate Overview

PART I

MVB Financial Corp. (“MVB” or the “Company”) is a financial holding company organized as a West Virginia corporation in 
2003.  MVB  operates  principally  through  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  MVB  Bank,  Inc.  (“MVB  Bank”  or  the  “Bank”).  MVB 
Bank’s  subsidiaries  include  MVB  Insurance,  LLC,  a  title  insurance  company  (“MVB  Insurance”),  MVB  Community 
Development  Corporation  (“MVB  CDC”),  ProCo  Global,  Inc.  (“Chartwell,”  which  began  doing  business  under  the  registered 
trade name Chartwell Compliance), Paladin Fraud, LLC (“Paladin Fraud”) and MVB Technology, LLC (“MVB Technology”). 
The Company also owns a minority interest in Intercoastal Mortgage Company, LLC (“ICM”).

MVB  conducts  a  wide  range  of  business  activities,  primarily  commercial  and  retail  (“CoRe”)  banking.  The  Company  also 
continues to be involved in new innovative strategies to provide independent banking to corporate clients throughout the United 
States by leveraging recent investments in financial technology (“Fintech”) related companies, as further described below. MVB 
considers Fintech companies as those entities that use technology to electronically move funds. 

Since  the  formation  of  the  Bank,  the  Company  has  acquired  a  number  of  financial  institutions  and  other  financial  services 
businesses. Future acquisitions and divestitures will be consistent with the Company’s strategic direction. The Company's most 
recent acquisition and divestiture activity includes the following:

l In  September  2019,  the  Company  acquired  Chartwell,  based  from  Bethesda,  MD.  Chartwell  provides  integrated  regulatory 
compliance,  state  licensing,  financial  crimes  prevention  and  enterprise  risk  management  services  that  include  consulting, 
outsourcing,  testing  and  training  solutions.  Chartwell  has  expanded  its  services  to  both  Fintech  clients  and  banks,  in 
coordination  with  MVB  Bank’s  current  compliance  officers,  to  help  create  and  implement  strategy  and  provide  expert 
compliance resources with respect to new client due diligence.

l In November 2019, the Company entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with Summit Community Bank, Inc. 
(“Summit”), a subsidiary of Summit Financial Group, Inc., pursuant to which Summit purchased certain assets and assumed 
certain liabilities of three Bank branch locations in Berkeley County, WV, and one Bank branch location in Jefferson County, 
WV. The Company closed this transaction in April 2020.

l In  March  2020,  the  Bank  entered  into  an  Agreement  with  Intercoastal  Mortgage  Company,  a  Virginia  corporation 
(“Intercoastal”), and each of H. Edward Dean, III, Tom Pyne and Peter Cameron, providing for the combination of the Bank's 
mortgage  origination  services  and  Intercoastal.  The  transaction  closed  in  July  2020.  On  the  closing  date,  Intercoastal 
converted into a Virginia limited liability company and the Bank contributed certain of its assets and liabilities associated with 
its  mortgage  operations  to  Intercoastal  as  a  capital  contribution,  in  exchange  for  common  units  of  a  new  entity,  ICM, 
representing  47%  of  the  common  interest  of  ICM,  as  well  as  $7.5  million  in  preferred  units.  The  Company  recognizes  its 
ownership interest in ICM as an equity method investment.

l In April 2020, the Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 
(“FDIC”), as receiver for The First State Bank (“First State”), Barboursville, WV, providing for the assumption by the Bank 
of certain liabilities and the purchase by the Bank of certain assets of First State. First State depositors automatically became 
depositors  of  the  Bank  and,  subject  to  the  insurance  limitations,  deposits  will  continue  to  be  insured  by  the  FDIC  without 
interruption. In the Agreement, the Bank agreed to pay no deposit premium and to acquire the assets at a discount to book 
value. The Bank also acquired three branch locations in Barboursville, Teays Valley and Huntington, WV. 

l In  April  2020,  Paladin  Fraud  acquired  substantially  all  of  the  assets  and  certain  liabilities  of  Paladin,  LLC,  a  Washington 

limited liability company.

l In  August  2020,  MVB  Technology  entered  into  an  Asset  Purchase  Agreement  with  Invest  Forward,  Inc.,  a  Delaware 
corporation doing business as Grand. Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, MVB Technology acquired substantially all 
the  assets  of  Grand.  The  purchase  price  of  the  transaction  consisted  of  cash  totaling  $1.0  million,  plus  the  conversion  of 
MVB’s note with Invest Forward. 

5

Business Overview

Commercial and Retail Banking

The  Company’s  primary  business  activities,  which  are  conducted  through  the  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries,  are  primarily  CoRe 
banking. The Bank offers its customers a full range of products and services including:

l Various demand deposit accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts and certificates of deposit;
l Commercial, consumer and real estate mortgage loans and lines of credit;
l Debit cards;
l Cashier’s checks;
l Safe deposit rental facilities; and
l Non-deposit investment services offered through an association with a broker-dealer.

Fintech Banking

In addition to its CoRe banking activities, the Company is also involved in innovative strategies to provide independent banking 
to corporate clients throughout the United States by leveraging recent investments in Fintech. The dedicated Fintech sales team is 
based in Salt Lake City, UT, and specializes in providing banking services to corporate Fintech clients, with an overarching focus 
on operational risk and compliance. Managing banking relationships with clients in the payments, digital savings, cryptocurrency, 
crowd  funding,  lottery  and  gaming  industries  is  complex  from  both  an  operational  and  regulatory  perspective.  The  Company 
holds a strategic view that the complexity of serving these industries causes them to be underserved with quality banking services 
and  provides  the  Company  with  a  significantly  expanded  pool  of  potential  customers.  When  serviced  in  a  safe  and  efficient 
manner, these industries offer an excellent source of stable, low cost deposits and non-interest income. The Company analyzes 
each industry thoroughly, both from an operational and regulatory viewpoint. This business line has the potential for fee income 
revenue as relationships grow.

Primary Market Areas and Customers

The Company considers its primary market area for CoRe banking services to be comprised of North Central West Virginia and 
Northern Virginia, where the Bank currently operates a total of 13 full-service banking branches: ten in West Virginia and three in 
Virginia. The Company considers its Fintech banking market to be customers located throughout the entire United States. 

The Company believes that the current economic climate in its primary market areas reflect economic climates that are consistent 
with the general national economic climate. Unemployment in the United States was 6.5%, 3.4% and 3.7% for December 2020, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. 

COVID-19 Pandemic

During 2020, economies throughout the world have been severely disrupted by the effects of the quarantines, business closures 
and the reluctance of individuals to leave their homes as a result of the outbreak of COVID-19. The full impact of COVID-19 is 
unknown and continues to evolve. The outbreak and any preventative or protective actions that the Company or its clients may 
take  in  respect  of  this  virus  may  result  in  a  period  of  disruption,  including  the  Company’s  financial  reporting  capabilities,  its 
operations  generally  and  could  potentially  impact  the  Company’s  clients,  providers  and  third  parties.  Please  refer  to  Note  1  – 
Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  accompanying  the  consolidated  financial  statements  included  elsewhere  in  this 
report.  

Segment Reporting

The  Company  has  identified  three  reportable  segments:  CoRe  banking;  mortgage  banking;  and  the  financial  holding  company. 
Revenue from CoRe banking activities consists primarily of interest earned on loans and investment securities and service charges 
on deposit accounts. The Fintech division, Chartwell and Paladin Fraud reside in the CoRe banking segment. Revenue from the 
mortgage banking activities is comprised of interest earned on loans and fees received as a result of the mortgage loan origination 
process. Prior to July 2020, the mortgage banking services were conducted by a subsidiary of the Bank, Potomac Mortgage Group 
(“PMG”).  In  July  2020,  the  Company  announced  the  completion  of  PMG’s  combination  with  Intercoastal  to  form  ICM.  The 
Company  has  recognized  its  ownership  as  an  equity  method  investment,  initially  recorded  at  fair  value.  Income  related  to  this 
equity method investment is included in the Mortgage Banking segment. Revenue from financial holding company activities is 

6

mainly comprised of intercompany service income and dividends.

For  more  information  about  each  of  the  Company’s  reportable  segments,  please  refer  to  Note  21  –  Segment  Reporting 
accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Commercial Loans

At  December  31,  2020,  the  Bank  had  outstanding  approximately  $1.16  billion  in  commercial  loans,  including  commercial, 
commercial real estate and financial loans. These loans represented approximately 80% of the total aggregate loan portfolio as of 
that date.

Commercial  lending  entails  significant  additional  risks  as  compared  with  consumer  lending  (i.e.,  single-family  residential 
mortgage  lending  and  installment  lending).  In  addition,  the  payment  experience  on  commercial  loans  typically  depends  on 
adequate cash flow of a business and thus may be subject to, to a greater extent, adverse conditions in the general economy or in a 
specific  industry.  Loan  terms  include  amortization  schedules  commensurate  with  the  purpose  of  each  loan,  the  source  of 
repayment and the risk involved. The primary analysis technique used in determining whether to grant a commercial loan is the 
review of a schedule of estimated cash flows to evaluate whether anticipated future cash flows will be adequate to service both 
interest and principal due. In addition, the Bank reviews collateral to determine its value in relation to the loan in the event of a 
foreclosure.

The Bank evaluates all new commercial loans and the Credit Department facilitates an annual loan review process that ensures 
that a significant portion of the commercial loan portfolio, typically a minimum of 50%, is reviewed each year under a risk-based 
approach. If deterioration in credit worthiness has occurred, the Bank takes prompt action designed to assure repayment of the 
loan.  Upon  detection  of  the  reduced  ability  of  a  borrower  to  meet  original  cash  flow  obligations,  the  loan  is  considered  for 
possible downgrading, and may be considered classified and potentially placed on non-accrual status.

In addition to the review noted above, the commercial and credit teams performed an evaluation of the entire commercial loan 
portfolio for potential short- and long-term impacts of COVID-19. Through this process, the Company identified the industries 
and borrowers that were most significantly impacted by COVID-19, allowing it to implement immediate risk mitigation efforts 
and  provide  relief  where  necessary  to  support  its  clients.  Management  will  continue  to  monitor  the  portfolio  for  any  ongoing 
effects.

Residential Loans

At December 31, 2020, the Bank had approximately $288.0 million of residential real estate loans, home equity lines of credit and 
construction mortgages outstanding, representing 19.8% of total loans outstanding.

The  Bank  generally  requires  that  the  residential  real  estate  loan  amount  be  no  more  than  80%  of  the  purchase  price  or  the 
appraised  value  of  the  real  estate  securing  the  loan,  unless  the  borrower  obtains  private  mortgage  insurance  for  the  percentage 
exceeding 80%. Occasionally, the Bank may lend up to 100% of the appraised value of the real estate. Loans made in this lending 
category are generally one to ten year adjustable rate, fully amortizing to maturity mortgages. MVB Bank also originates fixed 
rate real estate loans and generally sells these loans in the secondary market. Most real estate loans are secured by first mortgages 
with evidence of title in favor of the Bank in the form of an attorney’s opinion of the title or a title insurance policy. MVB Bank 
also requires proof of hazard insurance with the Bank named as the mortgagee and as the loss payee. Full appraisals are obtained 
from licensed appraisers for the majority of loans secured by real estate. In addition, the Bank purchases residential real estate 
loans from ICM.

Construction financing is generally considered to involve a higher degree of risk of loss than long-term financing on improved, 
occupied  real  estate.  Risk  of  loss  on  a  construction  loan  is  dependent  largely  upon  the  accuracy  of  the  initial  estimate  of  the 
property’s  value  at  completion  of  construction  and  the  estimated  cost  (including  interest)  of  construction.  If  the  estimate  of 
construction  cost  proves  to  be  inaccurate,  MVB  may  advance  funds  beyond  the  amount  originally  committed  to  permit 
completion of the project. Also, note that with respect to construction loans, the Bank generally makes loans to the homeowner, 
rather  than  to  the  builder.  At  December  31,  2020,  residential  mortgage  construction  loans  to  individuals  totaled  approximately 
$119.4 million with an average life of seven  months and are generally refinanced to a permanent loan upon completion of the 
construction.

7

Competition

The Company experiences significant competition in attracting depositors and borrowers. Competition in lending activities comes 
principally  from  other  commercial  banks,  savings  associations,  insurance  companies,  governmental  agencies,  credit  unions, 
brokerage  firms  and  pension  funds.  The  primary  factors  in  competing  for  loans  are  interest  rate  and  overall  lending  services. 
Competition  for  deposits  comes  from  other  commercial  banks,  savings  associations,  money  market  funds  and  credit  unions  as 
well as from insurance companies and brokerage firms. Competition for deposits comes principally from other Fintech-focused 
banks and neobanks, which are online-only financial institutions. The primary factors in competing for deposits are interest rates 
paid  on  deposits,  account  liquidity,  convenience  of  office  location,  technology  offerings  and  overall  financial  condition.  The 
Company  believes  that  its  approach  provides  flexibility,  which  enables  the  Bank  to  offer  an  array  of  banking  products  and 
services.  ICM  faces  significant  competition  from  both  traditional  financial  institutions  and  other  national  and  local  mortgage 
banking operations.

The Company operates under a “needs-based” selling approach that management believes has proven successful in serving the 
financial needs of most customers. It is not the Company’s strategy to compete solely on the basis of interest rates. Management 
believes  that  a  focus  on  customer  relationships  and  service  will  promote  the  Company's  customers’  continued  use  of  MVB's 
financial products and services and will lead to enhanced revenue opportunities.

Human Capital Resources

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  had  344  employees,  including  334  full-time  employees,  located  in  28  states.  The 
Company seeks to attract, retain and develop the most talented employees possible, regardless of location, by promoting a strong, 
positive culture, maintaining a safe and healthy workplace, emphasizing open communication with management and investing in 
training and education.

Culture

The Company strives to build and maintain a high-performing culture where engaged, satisfied employees embody the Company's 
purpose to be “Trusted Partners on the Financial Frontier, Committed to Your Success.” This culture emphasizes the Company's 
core values of trust, commitment, respect, love, caring, teamwork and being adaptive. As part of the Company’s culture initiative, 
a personal and professional growth training program, called Thought Patterns for High Performance, was instituted in partnership 
with The Pacific Institute (“TPI”). All new team members complete this program and there are regular updates throughout our 
core training programs.

As  part  of  the  Company’s  engagement  with  TPI,  it  launched  a  Culture  BluePrint™  Survey  in  2018.  The  results  of  that  survey 
helped the Company set a baseline for areas of improvement, with a follow up survey conducted in November 2020. Management 
used the results of this most recent survey to obtain quantitative and qualitative data about the Company's current culture, identify 
how our culture has changed in the last two years and consider how culture impacts the way it operates.

COVID-19 Response

Consistent with the Company's core values, safety of its team members has been a top priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 
mid-March, 2020, more than 85% of Company team members across 28 states and two countries migrated to working remotely, 
including activities of the Board of Directors, related committees and other governance activities. The Company was able to make 
a relatively seamless transition to a remote working environment and attributes this to its strong focus on technology and culture 
of adherence to its core values. The Company's pandemic response team continues to meet daily to monitor team member travel 
and illness concerns and has also generated procedures for employees, vendors, visitors and clients, including providing signage 
and materials to Company locations, including washable and disposable masks, hand sanitizer stations, disinfectant, thermometers 
and glass shields. The Company enhanced the cleaning standards and frequency at all of its locations to ensure optimal safety for 
those team members who continue working on site.

Management continues to adapt with the changing environment and show flexibility for employees who manage virtual school for 
their children or need other accommodations. 

Team Member Development

The  Company  remains  committed  to  education  and  development  for  its  team  members.  The  remote  work  environment  created 
additional opportunity for virtual and online learning. In 2020, team members were assigned courses designed to support ongoing 

8

compliance requirements and development.

Communication, Recognition and Engagement

The Company's internal communication structure includes various opportunities for team members to interact with its CEO and 
other members of the executive leadership team, including monthly all-hands town hall meetings. At the meetings, the CEO and 
members of the executive leadership team present informational topics in sessions open to all team members, and sessions where 
team  members  representing  each  of  the  Company’s  locations  ask  questions  directly  of  the  Company’s  CEO  and  executive 
leadership team.

Supervision and Regulation

The  Company,  the  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  are  subject  to  extensive  regulation  under  federal  and  state  banking  laws.  The 
Company’s  earnings  are  affected  by  general  economic  conditions,  management  policies,  changes  in  state  and  federal  laws  and 
regulations  and  actions  of  various  regulatory  authorities,  including  those  referred  to  in  this  section.  The  following  discussion 
describes elements of an extensive regulatory framework applicable to bank holding companies, financial holding companies and 
banks and contains specific information about the Company. Regulation of banks, bank holding companies and financial holding 
companies is intended primarily for the protection of depositors, the insurance fund of the FDIC and the stability of the financial 
system, rather than for the protection of shareholders and creditors.

In  addition  to  banking  laws,  regulations  and  regulatory  agencies,  the  Company  is  subject  to  various  other  laws,  regulations, 
supervision  and  examination  by  other  regulatory  agencies,  all  of  which  directly  or  indirectly  affect  the  operations  and 
management of the Company and the Bank and the Company’s ability to make distributions to shareholders. State and federal law 
govern the activities in which the Bank engages, the investments it makes, the aggregate amount of loans that may be granted to 
one borrower and other similar areas of the Bank's business. Various consumer and compliance laws and regulations also affect 
the Company’s and the Bank's operations.

The following discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the statutes, regulations and policies that are 
described  herein.  Such  statutes,  regulations  and  policies  are  continually  under  review  by  Congress  and  state  legislatures  and 
federal and state regulatory agencies. The likelihood and timing of any changes and the impact such changes may have on the 
Company  or  the  Bank  is  impossible  to  determine  with  any  certainty.  A  change  in  statutes,  regulations  or  regulatory  policies 
applicable  to  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  could  have  a  material  effect  on  its  business,  financial  condition  or  results  of 
operations.

Financial Regulatory Reform

During  the  past  several  years,  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  regulation  and  regulatory  oversight  for  United  States 
financial services firms such as the Company, primarily resulting from the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and 
Consumer  Protection  Act  (the  “Dodd-Frank  Act”)  in  2010.  The  Dodd-Frank  Act  is  extensive,  complicated  and  comprehensive 
legislation  that  impacts  many  aspects  of  a  banking  organization,  representing  a  significant  overhaul  of  many  aspects  of  the 
regulation  of  the  financial  services  industry.  The  Dodd-Frank  Act  implements  numerous  and  far-reaching  changes  that  affect 
financial  companies,  including  banks,  bank  holding  companies  and  financial  holding  companies,  such  as  the  Company.  The 
Dodd-Frank Act imposes prudential regulation on depository institutions and their holding companies. As such, the Company is 
subject  to  more  stringent  standards  and  requirements  with  respect  to:  (i)  bank  and  non-bank  acquisitions  and  mergers;  (ii)  the 
“financial activities” in which it engages as a financial holding company; (iii) affiliate transactions; and (iv) proprietary trading 
and investing in private equity or hedge funds, among other provisions. 

In May 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (the “EGRRCPA”) was enacted, 
which repealed or modified certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and eases regulations on all but the largest banks. These 
modifications, among other changes: (i) exempt banks with less than $10 billion in assets from the ability-to-repay requirements 
for certain qualified residential mortgage loans held in portfolio; (ii) eliminate the requirement for appraisals for certain real estate 
transactions valued at less than $400,000 in rural areas; (iii) exempt banks that originate fewer than 500 open-end and 500 closed-
end  mortgages  from  the  Home  Mortgage  Disclosure  Act’s  expanded  data  disclosures;  (iv)  clarify  that,  subject  to  various 
conditions,  reciprocal  deposits  of  another  depository  institution  obtained  using  a  deposit  broker  through  a  deposit  placement 
network for purposes of obtaining maximum deposit insurance would not be considered brokered deposits subject to the FDIC’s 
brokered-deposit regulations; (v) raise eligibility for the 18-month exam cycle from $1 billion to banks with $3 billion in assets; 
and (vi) simplify capital calculations by requiring regulators to establish for institutions under $10 billion in assets a community 
bank leverage ratio (tangible equity to average consolidated assets) at a percentage not less than 8% and not greater than 10% that 

9

upon the election of a bank would replace the risk-based capital requirements. In addition, the Board of Governors of the Federal 
Reserve  System  (“Federal  Reserve  Board”)  was  required  to  raise  the  asset  threshold  under  its  Small  Bank  Holding 
Company Policy Statement from $1 billion to $3 billion for bank holding companies that are exempt from consolidated capital 
requirements,  provided  that  such  companies  meet  certain  other  conditions  such  as  not  engaging  in  significant  non-banking 
activities. 

Certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and other laws, such as the EGRRCPA, are subject to further rulemaking, guidance and 
interpretation by the applicable federal regulators. New regulations and statutes are regularly proposed and/or adopted that contain 
wide-ranging proposals for altering the structures, regulations and competitive relationships of financial institutions operating and 
doing  business  in  the  United  States.  Changes  in  leadership  at  various  federal  banking  agencies,  including  the  Federal  Reserve 
Board, can also change the policy direction of these agencies. Certain of these recent proposals and changes are described below. 
The  Company  will  continue  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  any  new  regulations  so  promulgated  or  under  consideration,  including 
changes  in  regulatory  costs  and  fees,  modifications  to  consumer  products  or  disclosures  required  by  the  Consumer  Financial 
Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) and the requirements of the enhanced supervision provisions, among others.

Regulatory Agencies

The  Company  is  a  legal  entity  separate  and  distinct  from  the  Bank  and  the  Bank’s  wholly-owned  subsidiaries.  As  a  financial 
holding  company  and  a  bank  holding  company,  the  Company  is  regulated  under  the  Bank  Holding  Company  Act  of  1956,  as 
amended (“BHCA”), and it and its non-bank subsidiaries are subject to inspection, examination and supervision by the Federal 
Reserve Board. The BHCA provides generally for “umbrella” regulation of financial holding companies such as the Company by 
the Federal Reserve Board and for functional regulation of banking activities by bank regulators, securities activities by securities 
regulators and insurance activities by insurance regulators. The Company is also under the jurisdiction of the SEC and is subject 
to the disclosure and regulatory requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 
as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as administered by the SEC.

The Bank is a West Virginia state chartered bank. The Bank is not a member bank of the Federal Reserve System (“non-member 
bank”). Accordingly, the West Virginia Division of Financial Institutions and the FDIC are the primary regulators of the Bank and 
the Bank's subsidiaries.

Bank Holding Company Activities

In  general,  the  BHCA  limits  the  business  of  bank  holding  companies  to  banking,  managing  or  controlling  banks  and  other 
activities that the Federal Reserve Board has determined to be so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident thereto. In 
addition, bank holding companies that qualify and elect to be financial holding companies may engage in any activity, or acquire 
and  retain  the  shares  of  a  company  engaged  in  any  activity,  that  is  either  (i)  financial  in  nature  or  incidental  to  such  financial 
activity (as determined by the Federal Reserve Board in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury) or (ii) complementary to 
a  financial  activity  and  does  not  pose  a  substantial  risk  to  the  safety  and  soundness  of  depository  institutions  or  the  financial 
system  generally  (as  solely  determined  by  the  Federal  Reserve  Board),  without  prior  approval  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board. 
Activities that are financial in nature include securities underwriting and dealing, insurance underwriting and making merchant 
banking investments. Under current federal law, as a bank holding company, the Company has elected and qualified to become a 
financial holding company.

Most of the financial activities that are permissible for financial holding companies also are permissible for a bank’s “financial 
subsidiary,”  except  for  insurance  underwriting,  insurance  company  portfolio  investments,  real  estate  investments  and 
development and merchant banking, which must be conducted by a financial holding company. In order for a financial subsidiary 
of a bank to engage in permissible financial activities, federal law requires, among other conditions, that the parent bank be well 
managed and have at least a satisfactory Community Reinvestment Act rating, and the parent bank and all of its bank affiliates 
must be well capitalized.

To maintain financial holding company status, a financial holding company and all of its depository institution subsidiaries must 
be  “well  capitalized”  and  “well  managed”  under  applicable  Federal  Reserve  Board  regulations  and  the  depository  institution 
subsidiaries  controlled  by  the  company  must  have  at  least  a  satisfactory  Community  Reinvestment  Act  rating.  A  depository 
institution subsidiary is considered to be “well capitalized” if it satisfies the requirements for this status discussed in the sections 
captioned  Capital  Requirements  and  Prompt  Corrective  Action  included  in  this  Item  1.  A  depository  institution  subsidiary  is 
considered “well managed” if it received a composite rating of 1 or 2 and management rating of at least “satisfactory” in its most 
recent  examination.  If  a  financial  holding  company  ceases  to  meet  these  capital  and  management  requirements,  the  Federal 
Reserve Board’s regulations provide that the financial holding company must enter into an agreement with the Federal Reserve 

10

Board  to  comply  with  all  applicable  capital  and  management  requirements.  Until  the  financial  holding  company  returns  to 
compliance, the Federal Reserve Board may impose limitations or conditions on the conduct of its activities, and the company 
may  not  commence  any  of  the  broader  financial  activities  permissible  for  financial  holding  companies  or  acquire  a  company 
engaged  in  such  financial  activities  without  prior  approval  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board.  If  the  company  does  not  return  to 
compliance  within  180  days,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  may  require  (i)  divestiture  of  the  holding  company’s  depository 
institutions or (ii) termination by the financial holding company of any activity that is not an activity that is permissible for bank 
holding companies under section 4(c)(8) of the BHCA. If a depository institution receives a rating of less than satisfactory under 
the Community Reinvestment Act, the financial holding company may not commence any additional financial activity or acquire 
a  company  engaged  in  financial  activity,  until  the  bank  subsidiary  has  achieved  at  least  a  rating  of  satisfactory  under  the 
Community Reinvestment Act.

Please refer to the section captioned Community Reinvestment Act included elsewhere in this item.

The Federal Reserve Board has the power to order any bank holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate any activity or to 
terminate  its  ownership  or  control  of  any  subsidiary  when  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  reasonable  grounds  to  believe  that 
continuation of such activity or such ownership or control constitutes a serious risk to the financial soundness, safety or stability 
of any bank subsidiary of the bank holding company.

As required by the EGRRCPA, in August 2018, the Federal Reserve Board issued an interim final rule that expanded applicability 
of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board’s  Small  Bank  Holding  Company  Policy  Statement.  The  interim  final  rule  raised  the  policy 
statement’s asset threshold from $1 billion to $3 billion in total consolidated assets for a bank holding company or savings and 
loan holding company that: (i) is not engaged in significant non-banking activities; (ii) does not conduct significant off-balance 
sheet  activities;  and  (iii)  does  not  have  a  material  amount  of  debt  or  equity  securities,  other  than  trust-preferred  securities, 
outstanding  that  are  registered  with  the  SEC.  The  interim  final  rule  provides  that,  if  warranted  for  supervisory  purposes,  the 
Federal  Reserve  Board  may  exclude  a  company  from  the  threshold  increase.  Management  believes  the  Company  meets  the 
conditions  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board’s  Small  Bank  Holding  Company  Policy  Statement  and  is  therefore  excluded  from 
consolidated capital requirements and is subject to specific debt to equity ratio requirements. To be considered well capitalized, a 
company subject to the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement must meet certain requirements, including having a debt-
to-equity  ratio  of  1.0:1  or  less.  Further,  qualification  as  a  small  bank  holding  company  allows  the  Company  to  file  more 
abbreviated, and less frequent, consolidated and holding company reports with the Federal Reserve. The Bank remains subject to 
regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies.

Federal Securities Regulation

The Company is subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading and other restrictions and requirements of the SEC 
under the Exchange Act. The Company is subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), which imposes 
numerous  reporting,  accounting,  corporate  governance  and  business  practices  on  companies,  as  well  as  financial  and  other 
professionals  who  have  involvement  with  the  United  States  public  markets.  The  Company  is  generally  subject  to  these 
requirements and applicable SEC rules and regulations.

Acquisitions

The BHCA, the Bank Merger Act, the Change in Bank Control Act (the “CIBCA”), West Virginia banking law, and other federal 
and state statutes regulate investments in and acquisitions of commercial banks and their parent holding companies. The BHCA 
requires the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board for the direct or indirect acquisition by a bank holding company of more 
than  5.0%  of  the  voting  shares  of  a  commercial  bank  or  its  parent  holding  company.  Under  the  Bank  Merger  Act,  the  prior 
approval of the FDIC or other appropriate bank regulatory authority is required for a non-member bank to merge with another 
bank  or  purchase  substantially  all  of  the  assets  or  assume  any  deposits  of  another  bank.  Under  the  CIBCA,  a  filing  with  the 
Federal  Reserve  Board  is  required  under  certain  circumstances  if  an  investor  acquires  more  than  9.9%  of  any  class  of  voting 
securities  of  a  state  member  bank  or  a  bank  holding  company.  In  reviewing  applications  seeking  approval  of  merger  and 
acquisition  transactions,  the  bank  regulatory  authorities  will  consider,  among  other  things,  the  competitive  effect  and  public 
benefits of the transactions, the capital position and managerial strength of the combined organization, the risks to the stability of 
the United States banking or financial system, the applicant’s performance record under the Community Reinvestment Act (please 
refer to the section captioned Community Reinvestment Act included elsewhere in this item) and its compliance with consumer 
protection laws and the  effectiveness of the subject  organizations in  combating  money laundering activities and other  financial 
crimes.

Current  federal  law  authorizes  interstate  acquisitions  of  banks  and  bank  holding  companies  without  geographic  limitation. 

11

Furthermore,  a  bank  headquartered  in  one  state  is  authorized  to  merge  with  a  bank  headquartered  in  another  state,  subject  to 
market share limitations and any state requirement that the target bank shall have been in existence and operating for a minimum 
period of time. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, national and state-chartered banks may open an initial branch in a state other than its 
home state by establishing a de novo branch at any location in such host state at which a bank chartered in such a host state could 
establish a branch. Applications to establish such branches must be filed with the appropriate bank regulators.

Other Safety and Soundness Regulations

The  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  enforcement  powers  over  bank  holding  companies  and  their  non-banking  subsidiaries.  The 
Federal  Reserve  Board  has  authority  to  prohibit  activities  that  represent  unsafe  or  unsound  practices  or  constitute  violations  of 
law, rule, regulation, administrative order or written agreement with a federal regulator. These powers may be exercised through 
the issuance of cease and desist orders, civil money penalties or other enforcement and remedial actions.

Federal and state banking regulators also have broad enforcement powers over the Bank, including the power to impose fines and 
other civil and criminal penalties and to appoint a receiver in order to conserve the assets of the Bank for the benefit of depositors 
and other creditors. The West Virginia Commissioner of Banking also has the authority to take possession of a West Virginia state 
bank in certain circumstances, including, among other things, when it appears necessary in order to protect or preserve the assets 
of that bank for the benefit of depositors and other creditors.

Anti-Money Laundering and the USA PATRIOT Act

A  major  focus  of  governmental  policy  on  financial  institution  regulations  in  recent  years  has  been  aimed  at  combating  money 
laundering  and  terrorist  financing.  The  USA  PATRIOT  Act  of  2001  (the  “Patriot  Act”)  substantially  broadened  the  scope  of 
United States anti-money laundering laws and regulations by imposing significant new compliance and due diligence obligations, 
creating new crimes and penalties and expanding the extra-territorial jurisdiction of the United States. The Patriot Act contains 
anti-money  laundering  measures  affecting  insured  depository  institutions  and  their  affiliates,  broker-dealers  and  certain  other 
financial  institutions.  Financial  institutions  are  prohibited  from  entering  into  specified  financial  transactions  and  account 
relationships  and  must  use  enhanced  due  diligence  procedures  in  their  dealings  with  certain  types  of  high-risk  customers  and 
implement a written customer identification program. Financial institutions must take certain steps to assist government agencies 
in  detecting  and  preventing  money  laundering  and  report  certain  types  of  suspicious  transactions.  The  Patriot  Act  includes  the 
International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001, which grants the Secretary of the United 
States  Treasury  broad  authority  to  establish  regulations  and  to  impose  requirements  and  restrictions  on  financial  institutions’ 
operations.  The  United  States  Treasury  has  issued  a  number  of  regulations  to  implement  the  Patriot  Act  under  this  authority 
requiring  financial  institutions  to  maintain  appropriate  policies,  procedures  and  controls  to  detect,  prevent  and  report  money 
laundering  and  terrorist  financing.  Regulatory  authorities  routinely  examine  financial  institutions  for  compliance  with  these 
obligations, and failure of a financial institution to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and 
terrorist  financing,  or  to  comply  with  all  of  the  relevant  laws  or  regulations,  could  have  serious  legal  and  reputational 
consequences  for  the  institution,  including  imposing  substantial  money  penalties  and  causing  applicable  bank  regulatory 
authorities not to approve merger or acquisition transactions when regulatory approval is required or to prohibit such transactions 
even if approval is not required. Regulatory authorities have imposed cease and desist orders and civil money penalties against 
institutions found to be violating these obligations.

Office of Foreign Assets Control Regulation

The  United  States  Treasury  Department’s  Office  of  Foreign  Assets  Control  (“OFAC”)  administers  and  enforces  economic  and 
trade sanctions against targeted foreign countries, regimes and individuals, under authority of various laws, including designated 
foreign  countries,  nationals  and  others.  OFAC  publishes  lists  of  specially  designated  targets  and  countries.  The  Company  is 
responsible  for,  among  other  things,  blocking  accounts  of,  and  transactions  with,  such  targets  and  countries,  prohibiting 
unlicensed trade and financial transactions with them and reporting blocked transactions after their occurrence. Failure to comply 
with  these  sanctions  could  have  serious  legal,  financial  and  reputational  consequences,  including  the  imposition  of  financial 
penalties,  causing  applicable  bank  regulatory  authorities  not  to  approve  merger  or  acquisition  transactions  when  regulatory 
approval is required or to prohibit such transactions even if approval is not required.

Incentive Compensation

As  part  of  its  regular,  risk-focused  examination  process,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  reviews  the  incentive  compensation 
arrangements of banking organizations that are not “large, complex banking organizations,” such as the Company. These reviews 
are tailored to each organization based on the scope and complexity of the organization’s activities and the prevalence of incentive 

12

compensation arrangements. The findings of this supervisory initiative will be included in reports of examination. Deficiencies 
will be incorporated into the organization’s supervisory ratings, which can affect the organization’s ability to make acquisitions 
and  take  other  actions.  Enforcement  actions  may  be  taken  against  a  banking  organization  if  its  incentive  compensation 
arrangements, or related risk-management control or governance processes, pose a risk to the organization’s safety and soundness 
and the organization is not taking prompt and effective measures to correct the deficiencies.

In  June  2010,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board,  Office  of  the  Comptroller  of  the  Currency,  and  FDIC  issued  comprehensive  final 
guidance on incentive compensation policies intended to ensure that the incentive compensation policies of banking organizations 
do  not  undermine  the  safety  and  soundness  of  such  organizations  by  encouraging  excessive  risk  taking.  The  guidance,  which 
covers all employees that have the ability to materially affect the risk profile of an organization, either individually or as part of a 
group,  is  based  upon  the  key  principles  that  a  banking  organization’s  incentive  compensation  arrangements  should  (i)  provide 
incentives  that  do  not  encourage  risk-taking  beyond  the  organization’s  ability  to  effectively  identify  and  manage  risks;  (ii)  be 
compatible with effective internal controls and risk management; and (iii) be supported by strong corporate governance, including 
active and effective oversight by the organization’s board of directors.

In June 2016, the Federal Reserve Board, other federal banking agencies, and the SEC jointly published a proposed rulemaking 
designed to strengthen the incentive-based compensation practices at covered institutions by better aligning the financial rewards 
for covered persons with an institution’s long-term safety and soundness. The proposed rule uses a tiered approach that applies 
provisions to covered financial institutions according to three categories of average total consolidated assets: Level 1 ($250 billion 
or more), Level 2 ($50 billion to $250 billion) and Level 3 ($1 billion to $50 billion). For all covered institutions, the proposed 
rule  would  (i)  prohibit  types  and  features  of  incentive-based  compensation  arrangements  that  encourage  inappropriate  risks 
because  they  are  “excessive”  or  “could  lead  to  material  financial  loss”  at  a  covered  institution;  (ii)  require  incentive-based 
compensation  arrangements  to  adhere  to  three  basic  principles:  (1)  a  balance  between  risk  and  reward;  (2)  effective  risk 
management and controls; and (3) effective governance; and (iii) require appropriate board or directors (or committee) oversight 
and record keeping and disclosures to the appropriate agency. For Level 1 and Level 2 institutions, the proposed rule would (i) 
require the following: the deferral of awards for senior executive officers and significant risk takers; the subjecting of unpaid and 
unvested incentive compensation to the risk of downward adjustments or forfeiture; the subjecting of paid incentive compensation 
to  the  risk  of  “clawback;”  establishing  a  board  compensation  committee;  expanded  risk-management  and  control  standards; 
additional  record  keeping  requirements  for  senior  executive  officers  and  significant  risk  takers;  and  detailed  policies  and 
procedures  to  ensure  rule  compliance;  and  (ii)  prohibit  certain  inappropriate  practices,  including:  the  purchase  of  hedging 
instruments that offset decreases in the value of incentive compensation; allowing a range of payouts that might encourage risk 
taking; and basing compensation solely on comparison to peer and volume-driven incentives without regard to transaction quality 
or  compliance  with  sound  risk  management.  The  comment  period  ended  in  July  2016  and  the  agencies  are  evaluating  the 
comments received.

If these or other regulations are adopted in a form similar to that initially proposed, they will impose limitations on the manner in 
which the Company may structure compensation for its executives.

In  addition,  SEC  regulations  require  public  companies,  like  the  Company,  to  provide  various  disclosures  about  executive 
compensation in annual reports and proxy statements and to present to their shareholders a non-binding vote on the approval of 
executive compensation.

The  scope  and  content  of  the  United  States  banking  regulators’  policies  on  incentive  compensation  and  SEC  rulemaking  with 
respect to executive compensation are continuing to develop.

The Volcker Rule

The  Volcker  Rule  implements  section  619  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  and  prohibits  insured  depository  institutions  and  affiliated 
companies  and  foreign  banks  which  engage  in  the  banking  business  in  the  United  States  (together,  “banking  entities”)  from 
engaging in proprietary trading of certain securities, derivatives and commodity futures and options on these instruments, for their 
own  account  and  prohibits  banking  entities  from  investing  in  or  sponsoring  certain  types  of  funds  (“covered  funds”)  unless 
otherwise permitted by the Volcker Rule. EGRRCPA exempts from the Volcker Rule banking entities with $10 billion or less in 
total consolidated assets and have total trading assets and trading liabilities that are less than 5% of total consolidated assets. As of 
July  22,  2019,  the  effective  date  for  the  rulemaking  implementing  the  EGRRCPA  exemption,  the  Company  and  the  Bank  are 
below these thresholds and thus exempt from the Volcker Rule.

13

Limit on Dividends

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company’s 
ability to obtain funds for the payment of dividends to its shareholders and for other cash requirements largely depends on the 
amount  of  dividends  the  Bank  declares.  However,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  expects  the  Company  to  serve  as  a  source  of 
financial  and  managerial  strength  to  the  Bank  to  reduce  potential  loss  exposure  to  the  Bank’s  depositors  and  to  the  FDIC 
insurance  fund  in  the  event  the  Bank  becomes  insolvent  or  is  in  danger  of  becoming  insolvent  or  is  otherwise  experiencing 
financial stress. Under this requirement, the Company is expected to commit resources to support the Bank, including at times 
when the Company may not be in a financial position to provide such resources. Any capital loans by the Company to the Bank 
would  be  subordinate  in  right  of  payment  to  depositors  and  to  certain  other  indebtedness  of  the  Bank.  In  the  event  of  the 
Company’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the Company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of the Bank 
will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to priority of payment.

Accordingly, the Federal Reserve Board may require the Company to retain capital for further investment in the Bank, rather than 
pay dividends to its shareholders. The Bank may not pay dividends to the Company if, after paying those dividends, the Bank 
would  fail  to  meet  the  required  minimum  levels  under  the  risk-based  capital  guidelines  and  the  minimum  leverage  ratio 
requirements. The Bank must have the approval from the West Virginia Division of Financial Institutions if a dividend in any year 
would cause the total dividends for that year to exceed the sum of the current year’s net earnings and the retained earnings for the 
preceding two years, less required transfers to surplus. These provisions could limit the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its 
outstanding common shares.

In  addition,  the  Company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  other  regulatory  policies  and  requirements  relating  to  the  payment  of 
dividends,  including  requirements  to  maintain  adequate  capital  above  regulatory  minimums  (please  refer  to  the  Capital 
Requirements section below). The appropriate federal regulatory authority is authorized to determine under certain circumstances 
relating  to  the  financial  condition  of  a  bank  holding  company  or  a  bank  that  the  payment  of  dividends  would  be  an  unsafe  or 
unsound practice and to prohibit payment thereof. The appropriate federal regulatory authorities have stated that paying dividends 
that  deplete  a  bank’s  capital  base  to  an  inadequate  level  would  be  an  unsafe  and  unsound  banking  practice  and  that  banking 
organizations  should  generally  pay  dividends  only  out  of  current  operating  earnings.  In  addition,  in  the  current  financial  and 
economic  environment,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  indicated  that  bank  holding  companies  should  carefully  review  their 
dividend policy and has discouraged payment ratios that are at maximum allowable levels unless both asset quality and capital are 
very strong.

Transactions with Affiliates

Transactions between the Bank and its subsidiaries, or the Company or any other subsidiary of the Company, are regulated under 
federal banking law. The Federal Reserve Act, made applicable to the Bank by section 8(j) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
(the  “FDIA”),  imposes  quantitative  and  qualitative  requirements  and  collateral  requirements  on  “covered  transactions”  by  the 
Bank with, or for the benefit of, its affiliates and generally requires those transactions to be on terms at least as favorable to the 
Bank  as  if  the  transaction  were  conducted  with  an  unaffiliated  third-party.  Covered  transactions  are  defined  by  the  Federal 
Reserve Act to include a loan or extension of credit, as well as a purchase of securities issued by an affiliate, a purchase of assets 
(unless otherwise exempted by the Federal Reserve Board) from the affiliate, certain derivative transactions that create a credit 
exposure by a bank to an affiliate, the acceptance of securities issued by the affiliate as collateral for a loan and the issuance of a 
guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit on behalf or for the benefit of an affiliate. In general, any such transaction by the Bank or 
its  subsidiaries  must  be  limited  to  certain  thresholds  on  an  individual  and  aggregate  basis  and,  for  credit  transactions  with  any 
affiliate, must be secured by designated amounts of specified collateral.

Federal law also limits a bank’s authority to extend credit to its directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders, as well as to 
entities controlled by such persons. Among other things, extensions of credit to insiders are required to be made on terms that are 
substantially  the  same  as,  and  follow  credit  underwriting  procedures  that  are  not  less  stringent  than,  those  prevailing  for 
comparable  transactions  with  unaffiliated  persons.  Also,  the  terms  of  such  extensions  of  credit  may  not  involve  more  than  the 
normal risk of non-repayment or present other unfavorable features and may not exceed certain limitations on the amount of credit 
extended to such persons individually and in the aggregate.

Capital Requirements

The Bank is required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the FDIC (the “Capital Rules”). The 
Company is exempt from the Federal Reserve Board’s capital adequacy standards as it believes it meets the requirements of the 
Small  Bank  Holding  Company  Policy  Statement.  State  chartered  banks,  such  as  the  Bank,  are  subject  to  similar  capital 

14

requirements adopted by the West Virginia Division of Financial Institutions.

The Capital Rules, among other things: (i) include a “Common Equity Tier 1” (“CET1”) measure; (ii) specify that Tier 1 capital 
consists of CET1 and “Additional Tier 1 capital” instruments meeting certain revised requirements; (iii) define CET1 narrowly by 
requiring that most deductions/adjustments to regulatory capital measures be made to CET1 and not to the other components of 
capital; and (iv) expand the scope of the deductions/adjustments to capital as compared to existing regulations.

Under the Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios effective as of January 1, 2015 are:

l 4.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets;
l 6.0% Tier 1 capital (that is, CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets;
l 8.0% total capital (that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets; and
l 4.0% Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets as reported on consolidated financial statements (known as the “leverage 

ratio”).

The  Capital  Rules  also  include  a  “capital  conservation  buffer”,  composed  entirely  of  CET1,  on  top  of  these  minimum  risk-
weighted asset ratios. The implementation of the capital conservation buffer began on January 1, 2016 at the 0.625% level and 
increased by 0.625% on each subsequent January 1, until it reached 2.5% on January 1, 2019. The Capital Rules also provide for a 
“countercyclical capital buffer” that is only applicable to certain covered institutions and does not have any current applicability 
to the Company or the Bank. The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress and 
effectively  increases  the  minimum  required  risk-weighted  capital  ratios.  Banking  institutions  with  a  ratio  of  CET1  to  risk-
weighted  assets  below  the  effective  minimum  (4.5%  plus  the  capital  conservation  buffer  of  2.5%  and,  if  applicable,  the 
countercyclical capital buffer) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of 
the shortfall.

Since fully phased in on January 1, 2019, the Capital Rules require the Bank to maintain an additional capital conservation buffer 
of 2.5% of CET1, effectively resulting in minimum ratios of: (i) CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7%; (ii) Tier 1 capital to 
risk-weighted assets of at least 8.5%; (iii) a minimum ratio of Total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 10.5%; and (iv) a 
minimum leverage ratio of 4%. The Capital Rules also provide for a number of deductions from and adjustments to CET1.

The  Capital  Rules  prescribe  a  standardized  approach  for  risk  weightings  that  expanded  the  risk-weighting  categories  from  the 
general  risk-based  capital  rules  to  a  much  larger  and  more  risk-sensitive  number  of  categories,  depending  on  the  nature  of  the 
assets, generally ranging from 0% for United States government and agency securities, to 600% for certain equity exposures, and 
resulting in higher risk weights for a variety of asset categories.

In September 2017, the Federal Reserve Board, along with other bank regulatory agencies, proposed amendments to its capital 
requirements to simplify certain aspects of the capital rules for community banks, including the Bank, in an attempt to reduce the 
regulatory  burden  for  such  smaller  financial  institutions.  In  July  2019,  the  bank  regulatory  agencies  finalized  the  rule  which 
applies to banking organizations with less than $250 billion in total consolidated assets and less than $10 billion in total foreign 
exposure. The rule simplifies the capital treatment for mortgage servicing assets, certain deferred tax assets, investments in the 
capital instruments of unconsolidated financial institutions and minority interest. The rule also allows bank holding companies to 
redeem common stock without prior approval unless otherwise required. Generally, the final rule is effective as of April 1, 2020; 
however, banking organizations are permitted to use this simpler regulatory capital requirements as of January 1, 2020. 

In June 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standards for credit losses that included the Current Expected Credit 
Losses (“CECL”) methodology, which replaces the existing incurred loss methodology for certain financial assets. CECL became 
effective for certain entities on January 1, 2020. In December 2018, the federal bank regulatory agencies approved a final rule 
providing  an  option  to  phase-in,  over  a  period  of  three  years,  the  day-one  regulatory  capital  effects  resulting  from  the 
implementation of CECL. This standard is effective for the Company in 2023.

Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  the  EGRRCPA  simplifies  capital  calculations  by  requiring  regulators  to  establish  for  insured 
depository  institutions  under  $10  billion  in  assets  a  community  bank  leverage  ratio  (“CBLR”)  (tangible  equity  to  average 
consolidated  assets)  at  a  percentage  not  less  than  8%  and  not  greater  than  10%  that  such  institutions  may  elect  to  replace  the 
general  applicable  risk-based  capital  requirements  under  the  Capital  Rules.  Such  institutions  that  meet  the  CBLR  will 
automatically be deemed to be well-capitalized, although the regulators retain the flexibility to determine that the institution may 
not qualify for the CBLR test based on the institution’s risk profile. In November 2019, the federal bank regulators issued a final 
rule  on  the  CBLR,  setting  the  minimum  required  CBLR  at  9%.  Depository  institutions  and  depository  institution  holding 
companies that have less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets and meet other qualifying criteria, including a leverage ratio 

15

(equal  to  tier  1  capital  divided  by  average  total  consolidated  assets)  of  greater  than  9%,  will  be  eligible  to  opt  into  the  CBLR 
framework. Banking organizations that elect to use the CBLR framework and that maintain a leverage ratio of greater than 9% 
will be considered to have satisfied the generally applicable risk-based and leverage capital requirements in the regulators’ capital 
rules and, if applicable, will be considered to have met the well-capitalized ratio requirements for purposes of section 38 of the 
FDIA. The final rule was effective on January 1, 2020 and the CBLR framework was available for banks to use beginning in their 
March 31, 2020 Call Report. The Bank did not elect to apply the CBLR framework in its March 31, 2020 Call Report, but plans to 
apply the framework in the March 31, 2021 Call Report.

Prompt Corrective Action

The  FDIA  requires  among  other  things,  that  the  federal  banking  agencies  to  take  “prompt  corrective  action”  in  respect  of 
depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA includes the following five capital tiers: “well 
capitalized,”  “adequately  capitalized,”  “undercapitalized,”  “significantly  undercapitalized”  and  “critically  undercapitalized.”  A 
depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and 
certain other factors, as established by regulation. The relevant capital measures, which reflect changes under the Capital Rules 
that became effective on January 1, 2015, are the total capital ratio, the CET1 capital ratio, the Tier 1 capital ratio and the leverage 
ratio.

A bank will be (i) “well capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio 
of 6.5% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater, and is not subject to 
any  order  or  written  directive  by  any  such  regulatory  authority  to  meet  and  maintain  a  specific  capital  level  for  any  capital 
measure; (ii) “adequately capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio 
of 4.5% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater and is not “well 
capitalized”; (iii) “undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio that is less than 8.0%, a CET1 capital ratio 
less  than  4.5%,  a  Tier  1  risk-based  capital  ratio  of  less  than  6.0%  or  a  leverage  ratio  of  less  than  4.0%;  (iv)  “significantly 
undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a CET1 capital ratio less than 3.0%, a Tier 
1  risk-based  capital  ratio  of  less  than  4.0%  or  a  leverage  ratio  of  less  than  3.0%;  and  (v)  “critically  undercapitalized”  if  the 
institution’s tangible equity is equal to or less than 2.0% of average quarterly tangible assets. An institution may be downgraded 
to, or deemed to be within, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it is determined to be in an unsafe 
or  unsound  condition  or  if  it  receives  an  unsatisfactory  examination  rating  with  respect  to  certain  matters.  A  bank’s  capital 
category is determined solely for the purpose of applying prompt corrective action regulations and the capital category may not 
constitute an accurate representation of the bank’s overall financial condition or prospects for other purposes.

As noted above, the EGRRCPA eliminated these risk-based capital requirements for banks with less than $10.0 billion in assets 
who elect to follow the CBLR.

The FDIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distributions (including payment of a dividend) or 
paying  any  management  fee  to  its  parent  holding  company  if  the  depository  institution  would  thereafter  be  “undercapitalized.” 
“Undercapitalized” institutions are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. The agencies 
may not accept such a plan without determining, among other things, that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely 
to  succeed  in  restoring  the  depository  institution’s  capital.  In  addition,  for  a  capital  restoration  plan  to  be  acceptable,  the 
depository institution’s parent holding company must guarantee that the institution will comply with such capital restoration plan. 
The bank holding company must also provide appropriate assurances of performance. The aggregate liability of the parent holding 
company is limited to the lesser of (i) an amount equal to 5.0% of the depository institution’s total assets at the time it became 
undercapitalized and (ii) the amount which is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the institution into compliance 
with all capital standards applicable with respect to such institution as of the time it fails to comply with the plan. If a depository 
institution  fails  to  submit  an  acceptable  plan,  it  will  thereafter  be  treated  as  if  it  is  “significantly  undercapitalized”  until  such 
capital deficiency is corrected.

“Significantly  undercapitalized”  depository  institutions  may  be  subject  to  a  number  of  requirements  and  restrictions,  including 
orders  to  sell  sufficient  voting  stock  to  become  “adequately  capitalized,”  requirements  to  reduce  total  assets  and  cessation  of 
receipt  of  deposits  from  correspondent  banks.  “Critically  undercapitalized”  institutions  are  subject  to  the  appointment  of  a 
receiver or conservator.

The  appropriate  federal  banking  agency  may,  under  certain  circumstances,  reclassify  a  well-capitalized  insured  depository 
institution as adequately capitalized. The FDIA provides that an institution may be reclassified if the appropriate federal banking 
agency determines (after notice and opportunity for hearing) that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or deems the 
institution  to  be  engaging  in  one  or  more  unsafe  or  unsound  practices.  The  appropriate  agency  is  also  permitted  to  require  an 

16

adequately capitalized or undercapitalized institution to comply with the supervisory provisions as if the institution were in the 
next lower category (but not treat a significantly undercapitalized institution as critically undercapitalized) based on supervisory 
information other than the capital levels of the institution.

In addition to the “prompt corrective action” directives, failure to meet capital guidelines may subject a banking organization to a 
variety of other enforcement remedies, including additional substantial restrictions on its operations and activities, termination of 
deposit insurance by the FDIC and, under certain conditions, the appointment of a conservator or receiver.

For further information regarding the capital ratios and leverage ratio of the Company and the Bank, please refer to the discussion 
under  the  section  captioned  Capital  and  Stockholders’  Equity  included  in  Item  7  –  Management's  Discussion  and  Analysis  of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 15 – Regulatory Capital Requirements accompanying the consolidated 
financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Safety and Soundness Standards

The FDIA requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to prescribe standards, by regulations or guidelines, relating to internal 
controls,  information  systems  and  internal  audit  systems,  cybersecurity,  liquidity,  data  protection,  loan  documentation,  credit 
underwriting, interest rate risk exposure, asset growth, asset quality, earnings, stock valuation and compensation, fees and benefits 
and such other operational and managerial standards as the agencies deem appropriate. Guidelines adopted by the federal bank 
regulatory agencies establish general standards relating to internal controls and information systems, internal audit systems, loan 
documentation,  credit  underwriting,  interest  rate  exposure,  asset  growth  and  compensation,  fees  and  benefits.  In  general,  the 
guidelines require, among other things, appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage the risk and exposures specified 
in the guidelines. The guidelines prohibit excessive compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and describe compensation 
as  excessive  when  the  amounts  paid  are  unreasonable  or  disproportionate  to  the  services  performed  by  an  executive  officer, 
employee, director or principal stockholder. 

In  addition,  the  agencies  adopted  regulations  that  authorize,  but  do  not  require,  an  agency  to  order  an  institution  that  has  been 
given notice by an agency that it is not satisfying any of such safety and soundness standards to submit a compliance plan. If, after 
being  so  notified,  an  institution  fails  to  submit  an  acceptable  compliance  plan  or  fails  in  any  material  respect  to  implement  an 
acceptable  compliance  plan,  the  agency  must  issue  an  order  directing  action  to  correct  the  deficiency  and  may  issue  an  order 
directing  other  actions  of  the  types  to  which  an  undercapitalized  institution  is  subject  under  the  “prompt  corrective  action” 
provisions of the FDIA. Please refer to the Prompt Corrective Action section above. If an institution fails to comply with such an 
order, the agency may seek to enforce such order in judicial proceedings and to impose civil money penalties and cease and desist 
orders.

Deposit Insurance

The  Bank’s  deposits  are  insured  by  the  FDIC  up  to  the  limits  set  forth  under  applicable  law.  The  FDIC  imposes  a  risk-based 
deposit premium assessment system that determines assessment rates for an insured depository institution based on an assessment 
rate calculator, which is based on a number of elements to measure the risk each insured depository institution poses to the FDIC 
insurance fund. The assessment rate is applied to total average assets, less tangible equity, as defined under the Dodd-Frank Act. 
The  assessment  rate  schedule  can  change  from  time  to  time  at  the  discretion  of  the  FDIC,  subject  to  certain  limits.  Under  the 
current system, premiums are assessed quarterly.

Under the FDIA, the FDIC may terminate deposit insurance upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound 
practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or 
condition imposed by the FDIC.

Depositor Preference

The FDIA provides that, in the event of the “liquidation or other resolution” of an insured depository institution, the claims of 
depositors  of  the  institution,  including  the  claims  of  the  FDIC  as  subrogee  of  insured  depositors,  and  certain  claims  for 
administrative expenses of the FDIC as a receiver, will have priority over other general unsecured claims against the institution. If 
an insured depository institution fails, insured and uninsured depositors, along with the FDIC, will have priority in payment ahead 
of  unsecured,  non-deposit  creditors,  including  depositors  whose  deposits  are  payable  only  outside  of  the  United  States  and  the 
parent bank holding company, with respect to any extensions of credit they have made to such insured depository institution.

17

Federal Home Loan Bank Membership

The Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) provides credit to its members in the form of advances. As a member of the FHLB of 
Pittsburgh, the Bank must maintain an investment in the capital stock of that FHLB in an amount equal to 0.10% of the calculated 
Member  Asset  Value  (“MAV”),  plus  4.0%  of  outstanding  advances  and  0.75%  of  outstanding  letters  of  credit.  The  MAV  is 
determined  by  taking  line  item  values  for  various  investment  and  loan  classes  and  applying  an  FHLB  haircut  to  each  item.  At 
December 31, 2020, the Bank held capital stock of FHLB in the amount of $2.8 million.

Federal and State Consumer Laws

The Company and the Bank are subject to a number of federal and state consumer protection laws that extensively govern the 
Company's relationship with its customers. These laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 
the Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the 
Home  Mortgage  Disclosure  Act  (“HMDA”),  the  Fair  Housing  Act,  the  Real  Estate  Settlement  Procedures  Act,  the  Fair  Debt 
Collection Practices Act, the Service Members Civil Relief Act and these federal laws’ respective state-law counterparts, as well 
as  state  usury  laws  and  state  and  federal  laws  regarding  unfair  and  deceptive  acts  and  practices.  These  and  other  federal  laws, 
among other things, require disclosures of the cost of credit and terms of deposit accounts, provide substantive consumer rights, 
prohibit discrimination in credit transactions, regulate the use of credit report information, provide financial privacy protections, 
prohibit unfair, deceptive and abusive practices, restrict the Company's ability to raise interest rates and subject it to substantial 
regulatory oversight. Violations of applicable consumer protection laws can result in significant potential liability from litigation 
brought by customers, including actual damages, restitution and attorneys’ fees. Federal bank regulators, state attorneys general 
and state and local consumer protection agencies may also seek to enforce consumer protection requirements and obtain these and 
other remedies, including regulatory sanctions, customer rescission rights, action by the state and local attorneys general in each 
jurisdiction in which the Company operates and civil money penalties. Failure to comply with consumer protection requirements 
may also result in the Company's failure to obtain any required bank regulatory approval for merger or acquisition transactions it 
may wish to pursue or its prohibition from engaging in such transactions even if approval is not required.

The CFPB is a federal agency responsible for implementing federal consumer protection laws. The CFPB has broad rulemaking 
authority  for  a  wide  range  of  consumer  financial  laws  that  apply  to  all  banks,  including,  among  other  things,  the  authority  to 
prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices. The Dodd-Frank Act permits states to adopt consumer protection laws 
and standards that are more stringent than those adopted at the federal level and, in certain circumstances, permits state attorneys 
general  to  enforce  compliance  with  both  the  state  and  federal  laws  and  regulations.  The  CFPB  also  has  examination  and 
enforcement authority over all banks with more than $10 billion in assets, as well as their affiliates, which authority would not 
apply  to  the  Company  or  the  Bank.  As  the  Bank’s  principal  federal  regulator,  the  FDIC  has  examination  and  enforcement 
authority over the Bank.

The CFPB has concentrated much of its rulemaking efforts on a variety of mortgage-related topics required under the Dodd-Frank 
Act,  including  mortgage  origination  disclosures,  minimum  underwriting  standards  and  ability  to  repay,  high-cost  mortgage 
lending and servicing practices. The CFPB issued final rules changing the reporting requirements for lenders under the HMDA. 
The  new  rules  expand  the  range  of  transactions  subject  to  these  requirements  to  include  most  securitized  residential  mortgage 
loans  and  credit  lines.  The  rules  also  increase  the  overall  amount  of  data  required  to  be  collected  and  submitted,  including 
additional data points about the loans and borrowers. The expanded data is being collected as of January 1, 2018.

Financial Privacy

Federal  law  currently  contains  extensive  customer  privacy  protection  provisions,  including  substantial  customer  privacy 
protections  provided  under  the  Financial  Services  Modernization  Act  of  1999  (commonly  known  as  the  Gramm-Leach-Bliley 
Act). Under these provisions, a financial institution must provide to its customers, at the inception of the customer relationship 
and  annually  thereafter,  the  institution’s  policies  and  procedures  regarding  the  handling  of  customers’  nonpublic  personal 
financial  information.  These  provisions  also  provide  that,  except  for  certain  limited  exceptions,  an  institution  may  not  provide 
such personal information to unaffiliated third parties unless the institution discloses to the customer that such information may be 
so  provided  and  the  customer  is  given  the  opportunity  to  opt  out  of  such  disclosure.  Federal  law  makes  it  a  criminal  offense, 
except  in  limited  circumstances,  to  obtain  or  attempt  to  obtain  customer  information  of  a  financial  nature  by  fraudulent  or 
deceptive means. In December 2015, Congress amended the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act privacy provisions to include an exception 
under which a financial institution is not required to provide annual privacy notices to customers if such financial institution meets 
certain  conditions.  In  August  2018,  the  CFPB  finalized  a  rule  implementing  this  provision  and  that  rule  became  effective 
September 17, 2018.

18

Automated Overdraft Payment Regulation

Federal regulators have adopted consumer protection regulations and guidance related to automated overdraft payment programs 
offered by financial institutions. Regulation E prohibits financial institutions from charging consumers fees for paying overdrafts 
on automated teller machine and one-time debit card transactions, unless a consumer consents, or opts in, to the overdraft service 
for  those  types  of  transactions.  Financial  institutions  must  also  provide  consumers  with  a  notice  that  explains  the  financial 
institution’s  overdraft  services,  including  the  fees  associated  with  the  service  and  the  consumer’s  choices.  In  addition,  FDIC-
supervised  institutions  must  monitor  overdraft  payment  programs  for  “excessive  or  chronic”  customer  use  and  undertake 
“meaningful and effective” follow-up action with customers that overdraw their accounts more than six times during a rolling 12-
month  period.  Financial  institutions  must  also  impose  daily  limits  on  overdraft  charges,  review  and  modify  check-clearing 
procedures,  prominently  distinguish  account  balances  from  available  overdraft  coverage  amounts  and  ensure  board  and 
management oversight regarding overdraft payment programs.

Community Reinvestment Act

The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (“CRA”) requires depository institutions to assist in meeting the credit needs of their 
market areas consistent with safe and sound banking practice. Under the CRA, each depository institution is required to help meet 
the  credit  needs  of  its  market  areas  by,  among  other  things,  providing  credit  to  low-  and  moderate-income  individuals  and 
communities.  The  CRA  requires  the  Bank’s  primary  federal  bank  regulatory  agency,  the  FDIC,  to  assess  the  Bank’s  record  in 
meeting  the  credit  needs  of  the  communities  served  by  the  Bank,  including  low-  and  moderate-income  neighborhoods  and 
persons.  Institutions  are  assigned  one  of  four  ratings:  (i)  “Outstanding,”  (ii)  “Satisfactory,”  (iii)  “Needs  to  Improve”  or  (iv) 
“Substantial Noncompliance.”

In  order  for  a  financial  holding  company  to  commence  any  new  activity  permitted  by  the  BHCA,  or  to  acquire  any  company 
engaged  in  any  new  activity  permitted  by  the  BHCA,  each  insured  depository  institution  subsidiary  of  the  financial  holding 
company  must  have  received  a  rating  of  at  least  “Satisfactory”  in  its  most  recent  examination  under  the  CRA.  Furthermore, 
banking  regulators  take  into  account  CRA  ratings  when  considering  a  request  for  an  approval  of  a  proposed  transaction  to 
consolidate with or acquire the assets or assume the liabilities of an insured depository institution, or to open or relocate a branch 
office.

Cybersecurity

In  March  2015,  federal  regulators  issued  two  related  statements  regarding  cybersecurity.  One  statement  indicates  that  financial 
institutions should design multiple layers of security controls to establish lines of defense and to ensure that their risk management 
processes also address the risk posed by compromised customer credentials, including security measures to reliably authenticate 
customers accessing internet-based services of the financial institution. The other statement indicates that a financial institution’s 
management is expected to maintain sufficient business continuity planning processes to ensure the rapid recovery, resumption 
and maintenance of the institution’s operations after a cyberattack involving destructive malware. A financial institution is also 
expected  to  develop  appropriate  processes  to  enable  recovery  of  data  and  business  operations  and  address  rebuilding  network 
capabilities  and  restoring  data  if  the  institution  or  its  critical  service  providers  fall  victim  to  this  type  of  cyberattack.  If  the 
Company  fails  to  observe  the  regulatory  guidance,  it  could  be  subject  to  various  regulatory  sanctions,  including  financial 
penalties.

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Company  relies  on  electronic  communications  and  information  systems  to  conduct  its 
operations and to store sensitive data. The Company employs a variety of preventative and detective tools to monitor, block and 
provide alerts regarding suspicious activity, as well as to report on any suspected advanced persistent threats. Notwithstanding the 
Company's  defensive  measures,  the  threat  from  cyberattacks  is  severe,  attacks  are  sophisticated  and  increasing  in  volume  and 
attackers respond rapidly to changes in defensive measures. While to date, the Company is not aware of it having experienced a 
significant compromise, significant data loss or any material financial losses related to cybersecurity attacks, its systems and those 
of its customers and third-party service providers are under constant threat and it is possible that it could experience a significant 
event in the future. Risks and exposures related to cybersecurity attacks are expected to remain high for the foreseeable future due 
to the rapidly evolving nature and sophistication of these threats, as well as due to the expanding use of Internet banking, mobile 
banking  and  other  technology-based  products  and  services  by  the  Company  and  its  customers.  For  further  discussion  of  risks 
related to cybersecurity, please refer to Item 1A – Risk Factors included elsewhere in this report.

Monetary Policy and Economic Conditions

The  business  of  financial  institutions  is  affected  not  only  by  general  economic  conditions,  but  also  by  the  policies  of  various 

19

governmental regulatory agencies, including the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board regulates money and credit 
conditions and interest rates to influence general economic conditions primarily through open market operations in United States 
government  securities,  changes  in  the  discount  rate  on  bank  borrowings  and  changes  in  the  reserve  requirements  against 
depository institutions’ deposits. These policies and regulations significantly affect the overall growth and distribution of loans, 
investments and deposits and the interest rates charged on loans, as well as the interest rates paid on deposit accounts.

The monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board have had a significant effect on the operating results of financial institutions 
in  the  past  and  are  expected  to  continue  to  have  significant  effects  in  the  future.  In  view  of  the  changing  conditions  in  the 
economy and the money markets and the activities of monetary and fiscal authorities, the Company cannot predict future changes 
in interest rates, credit availability or deposit levels.

Effect of Environmental Regulation

The  Company’s  primary  exposure  to  environmental  risk  is  through  its  lending  activities.  In  cases  when  management  believes 
environmental  risk  potentially  exists,  the  Company  mitigates  its  environmental  risk  exposures  by  requiring  environmental  site 
assessments at the time of loan origination to confirm collateral quality as to commercial real estate parcels posing higher than 
normal  potential  for  environmental  impact,  as  determined  by  reference  to  present  and  past  uses  of  the  subject  property  and 
adjacent  sites.  Environmental  assessments  are  typically  required  prior  to  any  foreclosure  activity  involving  non-residential  real 
estate collateral. With regard to residential real estate lending, management reviews those loans with inherent environmental risk 
on an individual basis and makes decisions based on the dollar amount of the loan and the materiality of the specific credit. The 
Company does not currently anticipate any material effect on anticipated capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position as 
a result of compliance with federal, state or local environmental protection laws or regulations.

Other Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to examinations and investigations by federal and state banking regulators, as well as the SEC, various 
taxing  authorities  and  various  state  regulators.  The  Company  periodically  receives  requests  for  information  from  regulatory 
authorities  in  various  states,  including  state  insurance  commissions  and  state  attorneys  general,  securities  regulators  and  other 
regulatory authorities, concerning the Company’s business and accounting practices. Such requests are considered incidental to 
the normal conduct of business.

Future Legislation and Regulation

From  time  to  time,  Congress  may  enact  legislation  that  affects  the  regulation  of  the  financial  services  industry  and  state 
legislatures may enact legislation affecting the regulation of financial institutions chartered by or operating in those states. Federal 
and  state  regulatory  agencies  also  periodically  propose  and  adopt  changes  to  their  regulations  or  change  the  manner  in  which 
existing regulations are applied. The substance or impact of pending or future legislation or regulation, or the application thereof, 
cannot  be  predicted,  although  enactment  of  the  proposed  legislation  could  impact  the  regulatory  structure  under  which  the 
Company operates and may significantly increase costs, impede the efficiency of internal business processes, require an increase 
in regulatory capital, require modifications to the Company's business strategy or limit its ability to pursue business opportunities 
in an efficient manner. A change in statutes, regulations or regulatory policies applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries 
could have a material, adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

Corporate and Available Information

The  Company  files  reports  with  the  SEC,  including  Annual  Reports  on  Form  10-K,  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q,  Current 
Reports  on  Form  8-K  and  any  other  filings  required  by  the  SEC.  The  Company  makes  available  through  its  website  (http://
www.mvbbanking.com), free of charge, its Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on 
Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after it electronically files such material with, or 
furnish  it  to,  the  SEC.  The  information  on  the  Company's  website  is  not  incorporated  by  reference  into  this  Annual  Report  on 
Form 10-K or in any other report or document its files with the SEC.

The public may read and copy any materials the Company files with or furnishes to the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room 
at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room 
by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and 
information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

20

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The following discussion sets forth some of the more important risk factors that could materially affect the Company's financial 
condition,  results  of  operations,  business  and  prospects.  Other  factors  that  could  affect  the  Company’s  financial  condition  and 
operations are discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements at the beginning of this report. 

The  risks  and  uncertainties  described  below  are  not  the  only  ones  the  Company  faces.  Additional  risks  and  uncertainties  that 
management is not aware of or that management currently deems immaterial may also affect the Company's business operations. 
You  should  carefully  consider  the  risks  and  uncertainties  described  below  together  with  all  of  the  information  included  or 
incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors.

If  any  of  the  following  risks  actually  occur,  the  Company's  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be 
materially and adversely affected.

References to “we,” “us,” and “our” in this Risk Factors section refer to the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, 
unless otherwise specified or unless the context otherwise requires.

Risks Related to Economic and Market Conditions

The Company may continue to face risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The full impact of COVID-19 is unknown and rapidly evolving. The outbreak and any preventative or protective actions that the 
Company or its clients may take in respect of the virus may result in a period of disruption, including the Company’s financial 
reporting  capabilities  and  its  operations,  and  could  potentially  impact  the  Company’s  clients,  providers  and  third  parties.  The 
spread of COVID-19 has caused illness, quarantines, cancellation of events and travel, business and school shutdowns, reduction 
in  overall  business  activity  and  financial  transactions,  supply  chain  disruptions  and  overall  economic  and  financial  market 
instability.  In  response  to  the  pandemic,  many  states,  including  those  where  the  Company  primarily  operates,  have  taken 
preventative  and  protective  actions,  such  as  imposing  restrictions  on  travel  and  business  operations,  advising  or  requiring 
individuals to limit or forego time outside of their homes and ordering temporary closures of businesses that have been deemed to 
be non-essential. 

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the Company’s operations during fiscal year 2020 and the Company expects that the 
pandemic may continue to materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations during 2021. 
The  extent  to  which  the  COVID-19  pandemic  impacts  the  Company’s  future  operating  results  will  depend  on  future 
developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the efficacy and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines 
and  governmental  actions  to  contain  the  virus  or  treat  its  impact,  among  others.  Banking  and  financial  services  have  been 
designated  essential  businesses;  therefore,  the  Company’s  operations  are  continuing.  The  ultimate  effects  of  COVID-19  on  the 
broader  economy  and  the  markets  that  the  Company  serves  are  not  fully  known,  nor  is  the  ultimate  length  of  the  restrictions 
described above and any accompanying effects. Moreover, the Federal Reserve has taken action to lower the federal funds rate, 
which may negatively affect the Company's interest income, and therefore, earnings, financial condition and results of operations. 

In  March  2020,  the  Company  announced  programs  to  support  its  customers  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  A  number  of 
borrowers  have  enrolled  in  programs  to  defer  all  loan  payments  for  periods  up  to  six  months.  These  programs  may  negatively 
impact  revenue  and  other  results  of  operations  in  the  near  term  and,  if  not  effective  in  mitigating  the  effect  of  COVID-19  to 
clients, may adversely affect the business and results of operations more substantially over a longer period of time.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in meaningfully lower stock prices for many companies, as well as the trading 
prices  for  many  other  securities.  The  further  spread  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  as  well  as  ongoing  or  new  governmental, 
regulatory  and  private  sector  responses  to  the  pandemic,  may  materially  disrupt  banking  and  other  economic  activity  generally 
and in the areas in which the Company operates. This could result in further decline in demand for banking products and services 
and  could  negatively  impact,  among  other  things,  liquidity,  regulatory  capital  and  future  growth.  Any  one  or  more  of  these 
developments could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company is taking precautions to protect the safety and well-being of its customers and employees. However, no assurance 
can be given that the steps being taken will be adequate or deemed to be appropriate, nor can the Company predict the level of 
disruption which will occur to the Company's employees’ ability to provide the expected level of client support and service. If the 
Company  is  unable  to  recover  from  a  business  disruption  on  a  timely  basis,  its  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations could be materially and adversely affected. The Company may also incur additional costs to remedy damages caused 

21

by such disruptions, which could further adversely affect the business, financial condition and results of operations.

The  extent  to  which  COVID-19  impacts  the  Company's  business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  condition  will  depend  on 
future developments, which are highly uncertain and are difficult to predict, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread 
of  the  pandemic,  its  severity,  the  actions  to  contain  the  virus  or  treat  its  impact  and  how  quickly  and  to  what  extent  normal 
economic and operating conditions can resume. Even after COVID-19 has subsided, the Company may continue to experience 
materially  adverse  impacts  to  its  business  as  a  result  of  the  virus’  global  economic  impact,  including  the  availability  of  credit, 
adverse impacts on liquidity and any recession that has occurred or may occur in the future. 

There are no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the spread of COVID-19 as a global pandemic may 
have  and,  as  a  result,  the  ultimate  impact  of  the  outbreak  is  highly  uncertain  and  subject  to  change.  The  full  extent  is  not  yet 
known  and  the  Company  cannot  predict  the  full  extent  of  the  impacts  on  its  business,  operations  or  the  global  economy  as  a 
whole. 

The Company may be adversely affected by the emergency actions taken by the United States government to mitigate 
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States economy.

The United States government has taken a number of actions to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United 
States economy. Among other steps taken, the Federal Reserve cut the federal funds rate in March 2020, and also lowered the 
interest  rate  on  emergency  lending  at  the  Discount  Window  and  lengthened  the  term  of  loans  to  90  days.  In  March  2020,  the 
Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief  and  Economic  Security  Act  (“CARES  Act”)  was  signed  into  law.  Key  provisions  of  the  CARES  Act 
include one-time payments to individuals, strengthened unemployment insurance, additional health-care funding, loans and grants 
to certain businesses and temporary amendments to the Internal Revenue Code. The Small Business Administration (“SBA”) was 
tapped to lead the effort to loan funds to small businesses, in conjunction with banks. The Federal Reserve and the United States 
Treasury have also responded with lending programs under the CARES Act. Further, the Federal Reserve has intervened with a 
number of credit facilities intended to keep the capital markets liquid.

There can be no assurance that these interventions by the United States government will be successful in mitigating the impact of 
the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  it  is  unclear  what  the  cumulative  effect  of  these  extraordinary  actions  by  the  United  States 
government will be on the economy as a whole and upon the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its 
clients, both in the short- and long-term.

The  Company's  business  depends  upon  the  general  economic  conditions  of  the  State  of  West  Virginia  and  the 
Commonwealth of Virginia, and may be adversely affected by downturns in these and the other local economies in 
which it operates.

The Company's financial performance generally, and in particular the ability of borrowers to pay interest on and repay principal of 
outstanding loans and the value of collateral securing those loans, as well as demand for loans and other products and services it 
offers, is highly dependent upon the business environment in the markets where it operates, including the State of West Virginia, 
the Commonwealth of Virginia and the United States as a whole. A favorable business environment is generally characterized by, 
among  other  factors,  economic  growth,  efficient  capital  markets,  low  inflation,  low  unemployment,  high  business  and  investor 
confidence and strong business earnings. Unfavorable or uncertain economic and market conditions can be caused by declines in 
economic growth, business activity or investor or business confidence; limitations on the availability or increases in the cost of 
credit and capital; increases in inflation or interest rates; high unemployment; natural disasters; or a combination of these or other 
factors.

Continued economic pressure on consumers and uncertainty regarding continuing economic improvement may result in changes 
in consumer and business spending, borrowing and savings habits. Such conditions, combined with continued oil price volatility, 
could have a material adverse effect on the credit quality of the Company's loans and its business, financial condition and results 
of operations. 

The  Company's  success  depends  primarily  on  the  general  economic  conditions  of  West  Virginia  and  Virginia  and  the  specific 
local  markets  in  which  it  operates.  Unlike  larger  national  or  other  regional  banks  that  are  more  geographically  diversified,  the 
Company provides banking and financial services primarily to customers across West Virginia and Virginia. The local economic 
conditions in these areas have a significant impact on the demand for the Company's products and services as well as the ability of 
its customers to repay loans, the value of the collateral securing loans and the stability of its deposit funding sources. Moreover, 
approximately  29.2%  of  the  securities  in  the  Company's  municipal  securities  portfolio  were  issued  by  political  subdivisions  or 
agencies within West Virginia and Virginia. A significant decline in general economic conditions in West Virginia or Virginia, 

22

whether  caused  by  recession,  inflation,  unemployment,  changes  in  crude  oil  prices,  changes  in  securities  markets,  acts  of 
terrorism, outbreak of hostilities or other international or domestic occurrences or other factors could impact these local economic 
conditions and, in turn, have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

A significant portion of the Company's loans are secured by real estate concentrated in the State of West Virginia and 
the Commonwealth of Virginia, which may adversely affect its earnings and capital if real estate values decline.

Nearly 68.5% of the Company's total loans are real estate interests (residential, non-residential including both owner-occupied and 
investment  real  estate  and  construction  and  land  development)  mainly  concentrated  in  West  Virginia  and  Virginia,  a  relatively 
small geographic area. As a result, declining real estate values in these markets could negatively impact the value of the real estate 
collateral securing such loans. If the Company is required to liquidate a significant amount of collateral during a period of reduced 
real estate values in satisfaction of any non-performing or defaulted loans, its earnings and capital could be adversely affected.

Severe weather, natural disasters, pandemics, epidemics, acts of war or terrorism or other external events could have 
significant effects on the Company's business. 

Severe weather and natural disasters, including tornados, drought and floods, epidemics and pandemics, acts of war or terrorism 
or other external events or the fear of such events could have a significant effect on the Company's ability to conduct business. 
Such events could affect the stability of its deposit base; impair the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans, impair the 
value of collateral securing loans, cause significant property damage, result in loss of revenue and/or cause additional expenses. 
Although management has established disaster recovery and business continuity policies and procedures, the occurrence of any 
such event could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on 
its financial condition and results of operations.

The COVID-19 pandemic, trade wars, tariffs and similar events and disputes, domestic and international, have adversely affected, 
and  may  continue  to  adversely  affect  economic  activity  globally,  nationally  and  locally.  Market  interest  rates  have  declined 
significantly.  Such  events  also  may  adversely  affect  business  and  consumer  confidence  generally.  The  Company  and  its 
customers, and respective suppliers, vendors and processors may be adversely affected. Any such adverse changes may adversely 
affect the Company's profitability, growth, asset quality and financial condition. 

The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak and its dynamic nature, including uncertainties relating to the ultimate geographic spread of the 
virus, the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak and actions that may be taken by governmental authorities to contain 
the outbreak or to treat its impact has affected and will likely continue to affect the Company's business and results of operations. 
The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  caused  changes  in  the  behavior  of  customers,  businesses  and  their  employees,  including  illness, 
quarantines,  social  distancing  practices,  cancellation  of  events  and  travel,  business  and  school  shutdowns,  reduction  in 
commercial  activity  and  financial  transactions,  supply  chain  interruptions,  increased  unemployment  and  overall  economic  and 
financial  market  instability.  The  Federal  Reserve  stated  in  late  February  2020  that  it  was  closely  monitoring  COVID-19 
developments and their effects on the economic outlook, and would act appropriately to support the economy. In March 2020, the 
Federal Reserve reduced the target federal funds rate by 150 basis points to between 0.0% to 0.25%. The Federal Reserve also 
announced  it  was  purchasing  Treasury  bills  until  the  economy  reaches  full  employment  and  inflation  stays  at  2%  and  will 
continue  to  reinvest  amounts  of  principal  received  by  the  Federal  Reserve  on  its  portfolio  of  treasury  and  agency  debt  and 
mortgage-backed securities. Lastly, the Federal Reserve also reduced the interest it pays on excess reserves from 1.10% to 0.10%. 
The Company expects that such reductions in interest rates will adversely affect its net interest income, margins and profitability. 

Risks Related to the Company's Business

As a participating lender in the SBA Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), the Company is subject to additional 
risks of litigation from clients or other parties regarding its processing of loans for the PPP and risks that the SBA 
may not fund some or all PPP loan guarantees.

In March 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law and included a $349 billion loan program administered through the SBA 
referred to as the PPP. Under the PPP, which opened in April 2020, small businesses and other entities and individuals can apply 
for  loans  from  existing  SBA  lenders  and  other  approved  regulated  lenders  that  enroll  in  the  program,  subject  to  numerous 
limitations and eligibility criteria. The Bank is participating as a lender in the PPP. Because of the short timeframe between the 
passing of the CARES Act and the opening of the PPP, there is some ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the 
operation of the PPP, which exposes the Company to risks relating to noncompliance with the PPP. In mid-April, 2020, the SBA 
notified lenders that the $349 billion earmarked for the PPP was exhausted. Later in April 2020, an additional $310 billion of PPP 

23

loan funding was authorized. Since the opening of the PPP, several other larger banks have been subject to litigation regarding the 
process and procedures that such banks used in processing applications for the PPP. The Company may be exposed to the risk of 
litigation, from both clients and non-clients that contacted the Bank regarding PPP loans, regarding the process and procedures 
used in processing applications for the PPP. If any such litigation is filed against the Company and is not resolved in a favorable 
manner, it may result in significant financial liability or adversely affect the Company's reputation. In addition, litigation can be 
costly,  regardless  of  outcome.  Any  financial  liability,  litigation  costs  or  reputational  damage  caused  by  PPP-related  litigation 
could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company also has credit risk on PPP loans if a determination is made by the SBA that there is a deficiency in the manner in 
which the loan was originated, funded or serviced, such as an issue with the eligibility of a borrower to receive a PPP loan, which 
may or may not be related to the ambiguity in the laws, rules and guidance regarding the operation of the PPP. In the event of a 
loss resulting from a default on a PPP loan and a determination by the SBA that there was a deficiency in the manner in which the 
PPP  loan  was  originated,  funded  or  serviced,  the  SBA  may  deny  its  liability  under  the  guaranty,  reduce  the  amount  of  the 
guaranty or, if it has already paid under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency.

The Company's non-residential real estate loans expose it to greater risks of non-payment and loss than residential 
mortgage loans, which may cause it to increase its allowance for loan losses, which would reduce net income.

At  December  31,  2020,  $1.17  billion,  or  approximately  80%,  of  the  Company's  loan  portfolio  consisted  of  non-residential  real 
estate loans. Non-residential real estate loans generally expose a lender to greater risk of non-payment and loss than residential 
mortgage loans because repayment of the loans often depends on the successful operation of the property and the income stream 
of  the  borrowers.  Such  loans  expose  the  Company  to  additional  risks  because  they  typically  are  made  on  the  basis  of  the 
borrower’s  ability  to  make  repayments  from  the  cash  flow  of  the  borrower’s  business  and  are  secured  by  collateral  that  may 
depreciate  over  time.  These  loans  typically  involve  larger  loan  balances  to  single  borrowers  or  groups  of  related  borrowers 
compared  to  residential  mortgage  loans.  Because  such  loans  generally  entail  greater  risk  than  residential  mortgage  loans,  the 
Company may need to increase its allowance for loan losses in the future to account for the likely increase in probable incurred 
credit  losses  associated  with  the  growth  of  such  loans,  which  would  reduce  net  income.  Also,  many  of  the  Company's  non-
residential real estate borrowers have more than one loan outstanding. Consequently, an adverse development with respect to one 
loan or one credit relationship can expose the Company to a significantly greater risk of loss compared to an adverse development 
with respect to a residential mortgage loan.

The Company's allowance for loan losses could become inadequate and reduce earnings and capital.

The Bank maintains an allowance for loan losses that it believes is adequate for absorbing the estimated future losses inherent in 
its loan portfolio. Management conducts a periodic review and consideration of the loan portfolio to determine the amount of the 
allowance for loan losses based upon general market conditions, credit quality of the loan portfolio and performance of the Bank’s 
clients relative to their financial obligations with it. However, the amount of future losses is susceptible to changes in economic 
and other market conditions, including changes in interest rates and collateral values, which are beyond the Bank’s control, and 
these future losses may exceed its current estimates. Management performs stress tests on the loan portfolios to estimate future 
loan  losses,  but  additional  provisions  for  loan  losses  could  be  required  in  the  future,  including  as  a  result  of  changes  in  the 
economic assumptions underlying management’s estimates and judgments, adverse developments in the economy on a national 
basis  or  in  the  Bank’s  market  area  or  changes  in  the  circumstances  of  particular  borrowers.  The  Company  cannot  predict  with 
certainty  the  amount  of  losses  or  guarantee  that  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is  adequate  to  absorb  future  losses  in  the  loan 
portfolio.  Excessive  loan  losses  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company’s  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.

The  earnings  from  the  Company's  investment  in  ICM  will  be  significantly  reduced  if  ICM  is  not  able  to  sell 
mortgages.

The  profitability  of  ICM  depends  in  large  part  upon  its  ability  to  originate  a  high  volume  of  loans  and  to  sell  them  in  the 
secondary market. Thus, ICM is dependent upon (i) the existence of an active secondary market and (ii) its ability to sell loans 
into  that  market.  Volatile  interest  rate  environments  could  increase  this  risk  initially.  However,  past  performance  supports  the 
Company's ability to fund the increase in ICM's production. 

ICM’s ability to readily sell mortgage loans is dependent upon the availability of an active secondary market for single-family 
mortgage loans, which in turn depends in part upon the continuation of programs currently offered by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac 
and other institutional and non-institutional investors. These entities account for a substantial portion of the secondary market in 
residential mortgage loans. Some of the largest participants in the secondary market, including Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, are 

24

government-sponsored  enterprises  with  substantial  market  influence  whose  activities  are  governed  by  federal  law.  Any  future 
changes in laws that significantly affect the activity of these government-sponsored enterprises and other institutional and non-
institutional investors or any impairment of the ICM's ability to participate in such programs could, in turn, adversely affect the 
Company's results of operations.

The Company's largest source of revenue (net interest income) is subject to interest rate risk.

The  Bank’s  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  are  significantly  affected  by  changes  in  interest  rates.  The  Bank’s 
earnings depend primarily upon its net interest income, which is the difference between its interest income earned on its interest-
earning assets, such as loans and investment securities, and its interest expense paid on its interest-bearing liabilities, consisting of 
deposits  and  borrowings.  Moreover,  the  loans  included  in  the  Company's  interest-earning  assets  are  primarily  comprised  of 
variable and adjustable rate loans. Net interest income is subject to interest rate risk in the following ways:

l In general, for a given change in interest rates, the amount of change in value (positive or negative) is larger for assets and 
liabilities  with  longer  remaining  maturities.  The  shape  of  the  yield  curve  may  affect  new  loan  yields,  funding  costs  and 
investment income differently.

l The remaining maturity of various assets or liabilities may shorten or lengthen as payment behavior changes in response to 
changes in interest rates. For example, if interest rates decline sharply, loans may prepay, or pay down, faster than anticipated, 
thus  reducing  future  cash  flows  and  interest  income.  Conversely,  if  interest  rates  increase,  depositors  may  cash  in  their 
certificates of deposit prior to maturity (notwithstanding any applicable early withdrawal penalties) or otherwise reduce their 
deposits to pursue higher yielding investment alternatives.

l Re-pricing frequencies and maturity profiles for assets and liabilities may occur at different times. For example, in a falling 
rate environment, if assets re-price faster than liabilities, there will be an initial decline in earnings. Moreover, if assets and 
liabilities re-price at the same time, they may not be by the same increment. For instance, if the federal funds rate increased 50 
basis points, rates on demand deposits may rise by ten basis points; whereas rates on prime-based loans will instantly rise 50 
basis points.

Financial  instruments  do  not  respond  in  a  parallel  fashion  to  rising  or  falling  interest  rates.  This  causes  asymmetry  in  the 
magnitude of changes to net interest income, net economic value and investment income resulting from the hypothetical increases 
and  decreases  in  interest  rates.  Interest  rate  risk  is  more  fully  described  in  Item  7A  –  Quantitative  and  Qualitative  Disclosures 
About Market Risk included elsewhere in this report.

The Company may be adversely affected by the soundness of other financial institutions.

Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships. The Company 
has  exposure  to  many  different  industries  and  counterparties,  and  routinely  execute  transactions  with  counterparties  in  the 
financial  services  industry,  including  commercial  banks,  brokers  and  dealers,  investment  banks  and  other  institutional  clients. 
Many of these transactions expose the Company to credit risk in the event of a default by a counterparty or client. In addition, the 
Company's credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held cannot be realized or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to 
recover  the  full  amount  of  the  credit  or  derivative  exposure  due.  Any  such  losses  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company operates in a highly competitive industry and market area and failure to effectively compete could have 
a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company faces substantial competition in all areas of its operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which 
are larger and may have more financial resources. Such competitors primarily include national, regional and community banks 
within the various markets where the Company operates. The Company also faces competition from many other types of financial 
institutions,  including,  without  limitation,  savings  and  loans,  credit  unions,  finance  companies,  brokerage  firms,  insurance 
companies and other financial intermediaries. The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of 
legislative, regulatory and technological changes and continued consolidation. Also, technology and other changes have lowered 
barriers to entry and made it possible for non-banks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks. For example, 
consumers  can  maintain  funds  that  would  have  historically  been  held  as  bank  deposits  in  brokerage  accounts  or  mutual  funds. 
Consumers can also complete transactions such as paying bills and/or transferring funds directly without the assistance of banks. 
The process of eliminating banks as intermediaries, known as “disintermediation,” could result in the loss of fee income, as well 
as  the  loss  of  customer  deposits  and  the  related  income  generated  from  those  deposits.  Further,  many  of  the  Company's 

25

competitors  have  fewer  regulatory  constraints  and  may  have  lower  cost  structures.  Additionally,  due  to  their  size,  many 
competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well 
as better pricing for those products and services than the Company can.

The Company's ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors, including, among other things:

l Ability to develop, maintain and build long-term customer relationships based on top quality service, high ethical standards 

and safe, sound assets;

l Ability to expand the Company's market position;
l Scope, relevance and pricing of products and services offered to meet customer needs and demands;
l Rate at which the Company introduces new products and services relative to its competitors;
l Customer satisfaction with the Company's level of service; and
l Industry and general economic trends.

Failure to perform in any of these areas could significantly weaken the Company's competitive position, which could adversely 
affect  its  growth  and  profitability,  which,  in  turn,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  its  business,  financial  condition  and 
results of operations.

The value of the Company's goodwill and other intangible assets may decline in the future.

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  had  $4.8  million  of  goodwill  and  other  intangible  assets.  A  significant  decline  in  the 
Company's expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in the business climate, slower growth rates or a significant 
and sustained decline in the price of its common stock may necessitate taking charges in the future related to the impairment of its 
goodwill and other intangible assets. If the Company were to conclude that a future write-down of goodwill and other intangible 
assets is necessary, it would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, 
financial condition and results of operations.

Changes to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) may adversely impact the value of, and the return on, the 
Company's financial instruments that are indexed to LIBOR.

The  United  Kingdom  Financial  Conduct  Authority,  which  regulates  LIBOR,  announced  in  July  2017  that  it  will  no  longer 
persuade  or  compel  banks  to  submit  rates  for  the  calculation  of  LIBOR  to  the  administrator  of  LIBOR  after  2021.  This 
announcement  indicates  that  the  continuation  of  LIBOR  on  the  current  basis  cannot  and  will  not  be  guaranteed  after  2021.  In 
November 2020, the LIBOR administrator published a consultation regarding its intention to delay the date on which it will cease 
publication  of  United  States  dollar  LIBOR  from  December  31,  2021  to  June  30,  2023  for  the  most  common  tenors  of  United 
States dollar LIBOR, including the three-month LIBOR, but indicated no new contracts using United States dollar LIBOR should 
be entered into after December 31, 2021. Publication of non-United States dollar LIBOR would continue to cease after December 
31, 2021. Notwithstanding the publication of this consultation, there is no assurance of how long LIBOR of any currency or tenor 
will  continue  to  be  published.  It  is  impossible  to  predict  whether  and  to  what  extent  banks  will  continue  to  provide  LIBOR 
submissions to the administrator of LIBOR, whether LIBOR rates will cease to be published before December 31, 2021 or June 
30,  2023,  as  applicable,  or  whether  any  additional  reforms  to  LIBOR  may  be  enacted  in  the  United  Kingdom  or  elsewhere. 
Although  the  Alternative  Reference  Rates  Committee  has  announced  the  Secured  Overnight  Financing  Rate  (“SOFR”)  as  its 
recommended alternative to LIBOR, SOFR may not gain market acceptance or be widely used as a benchmark rate. Uncertainty 
as to the nature of such potential changes, alternative reference rates, the elimination or replacement of LIBOR, or other similar 
reforms may adversely affect the value of, and the return on, the Company's financial instruments.

New lines of business or new products and services may subject the Company to additional risks.

The Company is focused on its long-term growth and have undertaken various new business initiatives, many of which involve 
activities  that  are  new  to  it,  or  in  some  cases,  are  in  the  early  stages  of  development.  From  time  to  time,  the  Company  may 
develop, grow and/or acquire new lines of business or offer new products and services within existing lines of business. There are 
substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where the markets for these products and 
services are not fully developed. 

For  example,  the  Company  is  involved  in  new  innovative  strategies  to  provide  independent  banking  to  corporate  clients 
throughout the United States by leveraging recent investments in Fintech. The Company also acquired Chartwell in September 
2019,  which  provides  integrated  regulatory  compliance,  state  licensing,  financial  crimes  prevention  and  enterprise  risk 

26

management services that include consulting, outsourcing, testing and training solutions. Given the Company's evolving business 
and  product  diversification,  these  new  initiatives  may  subject  it  to,  among  other  risks,  increased  business,  reputational  and 
operational  risk,  as  well  as  more  complex  legal,  regulatory  and  compliance  costs  and  risks.  Furthermore,  the  Bank  has  several 
large  depositor  relationships  that  are  concentrated  in  the  Fintech  industry  and  the  loss  of  any  relationship  could  force  the 
Company to fund its business through more expensive and less stable sources. Also, the Bank is engaged in relationships with 
clients  in  the  payments,  digital  savings,  cryptocurrency,  crowd  funding,  lottery  and  gaming  industries  and  any  change  in 
regulations  could  impact  the  Company  from  both  an  operational  and  regulatory  perspective.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  total 
gaming deposits represent approximately 18% of the Company's total deposits.

In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products and services, the Company may invest significant time 
and resources. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services 
may  not  be  achieved,  and  price  and  profitability  targets  may  not  prove  feasible.  External  factors,  such  as  compliance  with 
regulations,  competitive  alternatives  and  shifting  market  preferences,  may  also  impact  the  successful  implementation  of  a  new 
line of business or a new product or service. Furthermore, any new line of business and/or new product or service could have a 
significant  impact  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company's  system  of  internal  controls.  All  service  offerings,  including  current 
offerings and those which may be provided in the future, may become more risky due to changes in economic, competitive and 
market  conditions  beyond  the  Company's  control.  Failure  to  successfully  manage  these  risks  in  the  development  and 
implementation  of  new  lines  of  business  or  new  products  or  services  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company's 
business, results of operations and financial condition.

The  Company's  investments  in  Fintech  companies  and  initiatives  subject  it  to  material  financial,  reputational  and 
strategic risks.

The  Company's  investments  in  various  Fintech  companies  have  had  a  significant  impact  on  its  results  of  operations,  and  it 
anticipates they will continue to have a significant impact on its results of operations in the future. Any investments where the 
Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control over the operating and financial policies of the investee, 
are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For investments accounted for under the equity method, the Company 
increases or decreases its investment by its proportionate share of the investee’s net income or loss. Any investments where the 
Company  is  not  able  to  exercise  significant  influence  over  the  investee  are  accounted  for  under  Accounting  Standards  Update 
(“ASU”)  2016-01,  where  changes  in  fair  value  resulting  from  observable  price  changes  arising  from  orderly  transactions  are 
recognized  in  net  income.  The  Company  also  periodically  evaluates  its  investments  for  impairment.  Please  refer  to  Note  1  – 
Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies,    accompanying  the  consolidated  financial  statements  included  elsewhere  in  this 
report for more information.

Any earnings from the Company's Fintech investments can be volatile and difficult to predict. Furthermore, the Company invests 
in many of these Fintech companies for strategic purposes. Where the Company is a minority shareholder, it may be unable to 
influence the activities of these organizations, which could have an adverse impact on its ability to execute its strategic initiatives 
and successfully develop and implement the banking platform it is developing with these and other partners.

Potential acquisitions may disrupt the Company's business and dilute stockholder value.

The  Company  generally  seeks  merger  or  acquisition  partners  that  are  culturally  similar,  have  experienced  management  and 
possess either significant market presence or have potential for improved profitability through financial management, economies 
of scale or expanded services. Acquiring other banks, businesses or branches involves various risks commonly associated with 
acquisitions, including, among other things:

l Potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of the target company;
l Exposure to potential asset quality issues of the target company;
l Potential disruption to the Company's business;
l Potential diversion of  management’s time and attention;
l Possible loss of key employees and customers of the target company;
l Difficulty in estimating the value of the target company; and
l Potential changes in banking or tax laws or regulations that may affect the target company.

Acquisitions  typically  involve  the  payment  of  a  premium  over  book  and  market  values,  and  therefore,  some  dilution  of  the 
Company's  tangible  book  value  and  net  income  per  common  share  may  occur  in  connection  with  any  future  transaction. 

27

Furthermore, failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence and/or 
other projected benefits from an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition 
and results of operations.

The Company is subject to liquidity risk, which could disrupt the ability to meet its  financial obligations.

Liquidity  refers  to  the  ability  of  the  Company  to  ensure  sufficient  levels  of  cash  to  fund  operations,  such  as  meeting  deposit 
withdrawals, funding loan commitments, paying expenses and meeting periodic payment obligations under certain subordinated 
debentures  issued  by  the  Company  in  connection  with  the  issuance  of  floating  rate  redeemable  trust  preferred  securities.  The 
source of the funds for the Company’s debt obligations is dependent on the Bank. 

Any  significant  restriction  or  disruption  of  the  Company’s  ability  to  obtain  funding  from  these  or  other  sources  could  have  a 
negative effect on the Company’s ability to satisfy its current and future financial obligations, which could materially affect the 
Company’s financial condition.

Limited  availability  of  borrowings  and  liquidity  from  the  FHLB  system  and  other  sources  could  negatively  impact 
earnings.

The  Bank  is  currently  a  member  bank  of  the  FHLB  of  Pittsburgh.  Membership  in  this  system  of  quasi-governmental,  regional 
home loan oriented agency banks allows it to participate in various programs offered by the FHLB. The Bank borrows funds from 
the  FHLB,  which  are  secured  by  a  blanket  lien  on  certain  residential  and  commercial  mortgage  loans,  and  if  applicable, 
investment  securities  with  collateral  values  in  excess  of  the  outstanding  balances.  Current  and  future  earnings  shortfalls  and 
minimum capital requirements of the FHLB may impact the collateral necessary to secure borrowings and limit the borrowings 
extended  to  their  member  banks,  as  well  as  require  additional  capital  contributions  by  member  banks.  Should  this  occur,  the 
Bank's short-term liquidity needs could be negatively impacted. If the Bank were restricted from using FHLB advances due to 
weakness  in  the  system  or  with  the  FHLB  of  Pittsburgh,  it  may  be  forced  to  find  alternative  funding  sources.  If  the  Bank  is 
required  to  rely  more  heavily  on  higher  cost  funding  sources,  revenues  may  not  increase  proportionately  to  cover  these  costs, 
which would adversely affect results of operations and financial position.

Interruption to the Company's information systems or breaches in security, including as a result of cyberattacks or 
other cyber incidents, could adversely affect the its operations or otherwise harm its business.

The Company relies on information systems and communications for operating and monitoring all major aspects of business, as 
well as internal management functions. Any failure, interruption, intrusion or breach in security of these systems could result in 
failures or disruptions in the customer relationship, management, general ledger, deposit, loan and other systems. 

There  have  been  several  cyberattacks  on  websites  of  large  financial  services  companies.  Even  if  not  directed  at  the  Company 
specifically, attacks on other entities with whom it does business, or on whom it otherwise relies, or attacks on financial or other 
institutions important to the overall functioning of the financial system could adversely affect, directly or indirectly, aspects of the 
Company's business.

Cyberattacks  on  third-party  retailers  or  other  business  establishments  that  widely  accept  debit  card  or  check  payments  could 
compromise  sensitive  Bank  customer  information,  such  as  debit  card  and  account  numbers.  Such  an  attack  could  result  in 
significant costs to the Bank, such as costs to reimburse customers, reissue debit cards and open new customer accounts.

In addition, there have been efforts on the part of third parties to breach data security at financial institutions, including through 
the use of social engineering schemes such as “phishing.” The ability of customers to bank remotely, including online and through 
mobile devices, requires secure transmission of confidential information and increases the risk of data security breaches. Because 
the  techniques  used  to  attack  financial  services  company  communications  and  information  systems  change  frequently  (and 
generally  increase  in  sophistication),  attacks  are  often  not  recognized  until  launched  against  a  target  and  the  Company  may  be 
unable  to  address  these  techniques  in  advance  of  attacks,  including  by  implementing  adequate  preventative  measures.  The 
Company may also be unable to prevent attacks that are supported by foreign governments or other well-financed entities and that 
may originate from less regulated and remote areas of the world.

The  occurrence  of  any  such  failure,  disruption  or  security  breach  of  the  Company's  information  systems,  particularly  if 
widespread or resulting in financial losses to the Company's customers, could damage its reputation and its relationships with its 
partners and customers, result in a loss of customer business, subject the Company to additional regulatory scrutiny and expose it 
to civil litigation and possible financial liability. These risks could have a material effect on the Company's business, results of 

28

operations and financial condition.

The  Company  continually  encounters  technological  change  and  failure  to  continually  adapt  to  such  change  could 
materially impact its financial condition and results of operations. 

The  financial  services  industry  is  continually  undergoing  rapid  technological  change  with  frequent  introductions  of  new 
technology-driven products and services. The Company's future success depends, in part, upon its ability to address the needs of 
customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands, as well as to create additional 
efficiencies  in  operations.  Many  of  the  Company's  competitors  have  substantially  greater  resources  to  invest  in  technological 
improvements.  The  Company  may  not  be  able  to  effectively  implement  new  technology-driven  products  and  services  or  be 
successful in marketing these products and services to its customers. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change 
affecting the financial services industry could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and 
results of operations.

Consumers may decide not to use banks to complete their financial transactions, or deposit funds electronically with 
banks having no branches within the Company's market area, which could affect net income.

Technology and other changes allow parties to complete financial transactions without banks. For example, consumers can pay 
bills  and  transfer  funds  directly  without  banks.  Consumers  can  also  shop  for  higher  deposit  interest  rates  at  banks  across  the 
country, which may offer higher rates because they have few or no physical branches and open deposit accounts electronically. 
This  process  could  result  in  the  loss  of  fee  income,  as  well  as  the  loss  of  client  deposits  and  the  income  generated  from  those 
deposits, in addition to increasing funding costs.

The Company's operations rely on certain external vendors who may not perform in a satisfactory manner.

The  Company  is  reliant  upon  certain  external  vendors  to  provide  products  and  services  necessary  to  maintain  its  day-to-day 
operations.  Accordingly,  its  operations  are  exposed  to  risk  that  these  vendors  will  not  perform  in  accordance  with  applicable 
contractual arrangements or service level agreements. The Company maintains a system of policies and procedures designed to 
monitor  vendor  risks  including,  among  other  things,  (i)  changes  in  the  vendor’s  organizational  structure;  (ii)  changes  in  the 
vendor’s  financial  condition;  and  (iii)  changes  in  the  vendor’s  support  for  existing  products  and  services.  The  failure  of  an 
external  vendor  to  perform  in  accordance  with  applicable  contractual  arrangements  or  the  service  level  agreements  could  be 
disruptive to operations, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition and results of 
operations.

The Company is subject to environmental liability risk associated with lending activities.

A  significant  portion  of  the  Company's  loan  portfolio  is  secured  by  real  property.  During  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the 
Company may foreclose on and take title to properties securing certain loans. In doing so, there is a risk that hazardous or toxic 
substances  could  be  found  on  these  properties.  If  hazardous  or  toxic  substances  are  found,  the  Company  may  be  liable  for 
remediation  costs,  as  well  as  for  personal  injury  and  property  damage.  Environmental  laws  may  require  the  Company  to  incur 
substantial expenses and may materially reduce the affected property’s value or limit its ability to use or sell the affected property. 
In  addition,  future  laws  or  more  stringent  interpretations  or  enforcement  policies  with  respect  to  existing  laws  may  increase 
exposure  to  environmental  liability.  Environmental  reviews  of  real  property  before  initiating  foreclosure  actions  may  not  be 
sufficient to detect all potential environmental hazards. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an 
environmental  hazard  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Company's  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.

Financial  services  companies  depend  on  the  accuracy  and  completeness  of  information  about  customers  and 
counterparties which, if inaccurate, could have a material adverse impact on the Company's financial condition and 
results of operations. 

In deciding whether to extend credit or enter into other transactions, the Company may rely on information furnished by or on 
behalf  of  customers  and  counterparties,  including  financial  statements,  credit  reports  and  other  financial  information.  The 
Company may also rely on representations of those customers, counterparties or other third parties, such as independent auditors, 
as to the accuracy and completeness of that information. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading financial statements, credit reports 
or other financial information could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition and results of 
operations.

29

The Company is at risk for an adverse impact on business due to damage to its reputation. 

Our  ability  to  compete  effectively,  to  attract  and  retain  customers  and  employees,  and  to  grow  our  business  is  dependent  on 
maintaining our reputation and having the trust of our customers and employees. Many types of developments, if publicized, can 
negatively impact a company’s reputation with adverse consequences to its business.

To an increasing extent, financial services companies, including the Company, may face criticism for engaging in business with 
specific  customers  or  with  customers  in  particular  industries,  where  the  customers’  activities,  even  if  legal,  are  perceived  as 
having harmful impacts on matters such as environment, consumer health and safety or society at large. Criticism can come in 
many  forms,  including  for  providing  banking  services  to  companies  engaged  in,  for  example,  the  gaming  industry  or 
cryptocurrency. Many of these issues are divisive without broad agreement as to the appropriate steps a company should take and 
often with strong feelings on both sides. As a result, however we respond to such criticism, we expose ourselves to the risks that 
current or potential customers decline to do business with us or current or potential employees refuse to work for us. This can be 
true  regardless  of  whether  we  are  perceived  by  some  as  not  having  done  enough  to  address  concerns  or  by  others  as  having 
inappropriately  yielded  to  pressures.  This  pressure  can  also  be  a  factor  in  decisions  as  to  which  business  opportunities  and 
customers we pursue, potentially resulting in foregone profit opportunities. 

The Company may also face criticism in response to changes in overall strategic direction, the addition of new lines of business, 
the exit of current lines of business or with openings or closures of certain banking centers. 

Risks Related to the Legal and Regulatory Environment

Changes in tax law may adversely affect the Company's performance and create the risk that it may need to adjust its 
accounting for these changes.

The  Company  is  subject  to  extensive  federal,  state  and  local  taxes,  including  income,  excise,  sales/use,  payroll,  franchise, 
withholding and ad valorem taxes. Changes to the Company's taxes could have a material adverse effect on its performance. In 
addition,  customers  are  subject  to  a  wide  variety  of  federal,  state  and  local  taxes.  Changes  in  taxes  paid  by  customers  may 
adversely affect their ability to purchase homes or consumer products, which could adversely affect their demand for loans and 
deposit products. In addition, such negative effects on customers could result in defaults on the loans and decrease the value of 
mortgage-backed securities in which the Company has invested.

The Company is subject to extensive government regulation and supervision and possible enforcement and other legal 
actions that could detrimentally affect its business.

The Company, primarily through the Bank and certain non-bank subsidiaries, are subject to extensive federal and state regulation 
and  supervision,  which  vests  a  significant  amount  of  discretion  in  the  various  regulatory  authorities.  Banking  regulations  are 
primarily intended to protect depositors’ funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole, not security 
holders.  These  regulations  and  supervisory  guidance  affect  the  Company's  lending  practices,  capital  structure,  investment 
practices, dividend policy and growth, among other things. Congress and federal regulatory agencies continually review banking 
laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. The Dodd-Frank Act instituted major changes to the banking and financial 
institutions  regulatory  regimes.  Other  changes  to  statutes,  regulations  or  regulatory  policies  or  supervisory  guidance,  including 
changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, policies or supervisory guidance, could affect the Company in 
substantial  and  unpredictable  ways.  Such  changes  could  subject  it  to  additional  costs,  limit  the  types  of  financial  services  and 
products  the  Company  may  offer  and/or  increase  the  ability  of  non-banks  to  offer  competing  financial  services  and  products, 
among other things. Failure to comply with laws, regulations, policies or supervisory guidance could result in enforcement and 
other  legal  actions  by  Federal  or  state  authorities,  including  criminal  and  civil  penalties,  the  loss  of  FDIC  insurance,  the 
revocation of a banking charter, other sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties and/or reputational damage. In this 
regard, government authorities, including the bank regulatory agencies, are pursuing aggressive enforcement actions with respect 
to compliance and other legal matters involving financial activities, which heightens the risks associated with actual and perceived 
compliance failures. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and 
results of operations.

For further detail, please refer to the sections captioned Supervision and Regulation included in Item 1 – Business and Note 15 – 
Regulatory Capital Requirements accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

30

Failure to meet any of the various capital adequacy guidelines which the Company is subject to could adversely affect 
its operations and could compromise its status as a financial holding company.

The Company and the Bank are required to meet certain regulatory capital adequacy guidelines and other regulatory requirements 
imposed by the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC and the United States Department of Treasury. If the Company or the Bank fails 
to  meet  these  minimum  capital  guidelines  and  other  regulatory  requirements,  the  Company's  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations  would be materially  and  adversely affected and  could compromise its status  as  a  financial  holding  company. Please 
refer to the sections captioned Supervision and Regulation – Capital Requirements included in Item 1 – Business and Note 15 – 
Regulatory  Capital  Requirements  accompanying  the  consolidated  financial  statements  included  elsewhere  in  this  report,  for 
detailed capital guidelines for bank holding companies and banks.

The Company is a financial holding company and its sources of funds are limited.

The  Company  is  a  financial  holding  company  and  its  operations  are  primarily  conducted  by  the  Bank,  which  is  subject  to 
significant federal and state regulation. Cash available to pay dividends to shareholders of the Company is derived primarily from 
dividends paid by the Bank. As a result, the Company’s ability to receive dividends or loans from its Bank subsidiary is restricted. 
Under federal law, the payment of dividends by the Bank is subject to capital adequacy requirements. The Federal Reserve Board 
and/or the FDIC prohibit a dividend payment by the Company or the Bank that would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. 
Please refer to the sections captioned Supervision and Regulation – Limit on Dividends included in Item 1 – Business and Note 15 
– Regulatory Capital Requirements accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

The inability of the Bank to generate profits and pay such dividends to the Company, or regulator restrictions on the payment of 
such dividends to the Company even if earned, would have an adverse effect on the financial condition and results of operations 
of the Company and the Company’s ability to pay dividends to its shareholders.

In addition, since the Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank, its right to participate in the distribution of 
assets  of  the  Bank  upon  the  Bank’s  liquidation,  reorganization  or  otherwise  will  be  subject  to  the  prior  claims  of  the  Bank’s 
creditors, which will generally take priority over the Bank’s shareholders.

Risks Associated With the Company's Common Stock

The trading volume in the Company's common stock is less than that of other larger financial services companies.

Shares  of  the  Company's  common  stock  began  trading  on  the  Nasdaq  Capital  Market  in  December  2017  under  the  symbol 
“MVBF”  and  were  previously  traded  on  the  OTC  Bulletin  Board.  There  has  been  limited  trading  in  its  shares  over  the  last  12 
months. If limited trading in the Company's common stock continues, it may be difficult for investors to sell such shares in the 
public market at any given time at prevailing prices. Also, the sale of a large block of the Company's common stock could depress 
the  market  price  of  the  common  stock  to  a  greater  degree  than  a  company  that  typically  has  a  higher  volume  of  trading  of  its 
securities.

If the Company is unable to maintain compliance with Nasdaq listing requirements, its stock could be delisted, and 
the trading price, volume and marketability of the stock could be adversely affected.

There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to maintain compliance with Nasdaq’s present listing standards, or that 
Nasdaq will not implement additional listing standards with which it will be unable to comply. Failure to maintain compliance 
with Nasdaq listing requirements could result in the delisting of the Company's shares from trading on the Nasdaq system, which 
could have a material adverse effect on the trading price, volume and marketability of the common stock.

The Company's stock price can be volatile.

Stock price volatility may make it more difficult for shareholders to resell their common stock when they want and at prices they 
find attractive. The Company's stock price can fluctuate significantly in response to a variety of factors including, among other 
things:

l actual or anticipated variations in quarterly results of operations;
l recommendations by securities analysts;
l operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to the Company;

31

l news reports relating to trends, concerns and other issues in the financial services industry;
l perceptions in the marketplace regarding the Company and/or its competitors;
l new technology used, or services offered, by competitors;
l significant  acquisitions  or  business  combinations,  strategic  partnerships,  joint  ventures  or  capital  commitments  by  or 

involving the Company or its competitors;

l failure to integrate acquisitions or realize anticipated benefits from acquisitions;
l changes in government regulations; and
l geopolitical conditions such as acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts.

General market fluctuations, including real or anticipated changes in the strength of the economies the Company serves; industry 
factors  and  general  economic  and  political  conditions  and  events,  such  as  economic  slowdowns  or  recessions;  interest  rate 
changes,  crude  oil  price  volatility  or  credit  loss  trends  could  also  cause  the  Company's  stock  price  to  decrease,  regardless  of 
operating results.

The Company's ability to pay dividends is not certain and it may be unable to pay future dividends. As a result, capital 
appreciation,  if  any,  of  The  Company's  common  stock  may  be  shareholders'  sole  opportunity  for  gains  on  their 
investment for the foreseeable future.

The Company's ability to pay dividends in the future is not certain. Any future determination relating to dividend policy will be 
made  at  the  discretion  of  its  Board  of  Directors  and  will  depend  on  a  number  of  factors,  including  future  earnings,  capital 
requirements, financial condition, future prospects, regulatory restrictions and other factors that its Board of Directors may deem 
relevant.  The  holders  of  the  Company's  common  stock  are  entitled  to  receive  dividends  when,  and  if  declared  by  its  Board  of 
Directors  out  of  funds  legally  available  for  that  purpose.  As  part  of  its  consideration  of  whether  to  pay  cash  dividends,  the 
Company  intends  to  retain  adequate  funds  from  future  earnings  to  support  the  development  and  growth  of  its  business.  In 
addition, the Company's ability to pay dividends is restricted by federal policies and regulations and by the terms of its existing 
indebtedness. It is the policy of the Federal Reserve Board that bank holding companies should pay cash dividends on common 
stock  only  out  of  net  income  available  over  the  past  year  and  only  if  prospective  earnings  retention  is  consistent  with  the 
organization’s  expected  future  needs  and  financial  condition.  For  further  information,  please  refer  to  the  section  captioned 
Supervision and Regulation – Limit on Dividends in Item 1 – Business included elsewhere in this report.

General Risk Factors

The Company is exposed to risks relating to evaluations of controls required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002.

The Company is required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. At December 31, 2020, the Company 
has no material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting; however, a material weakness could occur in the future. 
A  “material  weakness”  is  a  control  deficiency,  or  combination  of  significant  deficiencies  that  results  in  more  than  a  remote 
likelihood  that  a  material  misstatement  of  the  annual  or  interim  financial  statements  will  not  be  prevented  or  detected.  If  the 
Company fails to maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting that meets the requirements of Section 404, it may 
be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities. Additionally, failure to comply with Section 404 or the report by 
the Company of a material weakness may cause investors to lose confidence in its financial statements and its stock price may be 
adversely affected. If the Company fails to remedy any material weakness, its financial statements may be inaccurate, it may not 
have access to the capital markets, and its stock price may be adversely affected.

The value of the securities in the Company's investment securities portfolio may be negatively affected by disruptions 
in securities markets.

Due to credit and liquidity risks and economic volatility, making the determination of the value of a securities portfolio is less 
certain.  A  decline  in  market  value  associated  with  these  disruptions  could  result  in  other-than-temporary  or  permanent 
impairments  of  these  assets,  which  would  lead  to  accounting  charges  which  could  have  a  material  negative  effect  on  the  
Company's financial condition and results of operations.

The Company's accounting policies and estimates are critical to how it reports its financial condition and results of 
operations,  and  any  changes  to  such  accounting  policies  and  estimates  could  materially  affect  how  the  Company 

32

reports its financial condition and results of operations.

Accounting policies and estimates are fundamental to how the Company records and reports its financial condition and results of 
operations. The Company's management makes judgments and assumptions in selecting and adopting various accounting policies 
and in applying estimates so that such policies and estimates comply with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Management has identified certain accounting policies as being critical because they require management’s judgment to ascertain 
the  valuations  of  assets,  liabilities,  commitments  and  contingencies.  A  variety  of  factors  could  affect  the  ultimate  value  that  is 
obtained  either  when  earning  income,  recognizing  an  expense,  recovering  an  asset,  valuing  an  asset  or  liability  or  reducing  a 
liability.  Because  of  the  uncertainty  surrounding  management's  judgments  and  the  estimates  pertaining  to  these  matters,  actual 
outcomes  may  be  materially  different  from  amounts  previously  estimated.  For  example,  because  of  the  inherent  uncertainty  of 
estimates, the Bank could need to significantly increase its allowance for loan losses if actual losses are more than the amount 
reserved. Any increase in its allowance for loan losses or loan charge-offs could have a material adverse effect on the Company's 
financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  the  Company  cannot  guarantee  that  it  will  not  be  required  to  adjust 
accounting policies or restate prior financial statements. Please refer to the section captioned Allowance for Loan Losses in Item 7 
– Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this report for 
further discussion related to the Company's process for determining the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses.

Further,  from  time  to  time,  the  FASB  and  SEC  change  the  financial  accounting  and  reporting  standards  that  govern  the 
preparation of the Company's financial statements. Recent economic conditions have resulted in continuing scrutiny of accounting 
standards by legislators and regulators, particularly as they relate to fair value accounting principles. In addition, ongoing efforts 
to  achieve  convergence  between  U.S.  GAAP  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  may  result  in  changes  to  U.S. 
GAAP.  These  changes  can  be  hard  to  predict  and  can  materially  impact  how  the  Company  records  and  reports  its  financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations.  In  some  cases,  the  Company  could  be  required  to  apply  a  new  or  revised  standard 
retroactively, resulting in it restating prior period financial statements or otherwise adversely affecting its financial condition or 
results of operations.

The Company's accounting estimates and risk management processes rely on analytical and forecasting models which 
may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate which could result in unexpected losses, insufficient allowances for loan 
losses, or unexpected fluctuations in the value of its financial instruments.

The processes the Company uses to estimate its inherent loan losses and to measure the fair value of financial instruments, as well 
as the processes used to estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on its financial condition and 
results of operations, depends upon the use of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions that may not 
be accurate, particularly in times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Even if these assumptions are adequate, the 
models may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or their implementation. If the models 
used for interest rate risk and asset-liability management are inadequate, the Company may incur increased or unexpected losses 
upon changes in market interest rates or other market measures. If the models the Company uses for determining its probable loan 
losses  are  inadequate,  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  may  not  be  sufficient  to  support  future  charge-offs.  If  the  models  used  to 
measure  the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  are  inadequate,  the  fair  value  of  such  financial  instruments  may  fluctuate 
unexpectedly or may not accurately reflect what the Company could realize upon sale or settlement of such financial instruments. 
Any such failure in the Company's analytical or forecasting models could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial 
condition and results of operations.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The  Company,  through  the  Bank,  owns  its  main  office  located  at  301  Virginia  Avenue  in  Fairmont,  WV.  The  Company’s 
subsidiaries  own  or  lease  various  other  offices  in  the  counties  and  cities  in  which  they  operate.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  the 
Company operated 13 full-service banking branches, including three full service banking branches acquired from First State in 
April 2020, in the locations further described in Item 1 – Business included elsewhere in this report. Seven of the 13 full-service 
banking branches are owned and the remaining six are leased.

In  January  2020,  the  Company  closed  one  branch  location  in  Morgantown,  WV.  In  April  2020,  the  Company  sold  three  Bank 

33

branch locations in Berkeley County, WV, and one Bank branch location in Jefferson County, WV, pursuant to a Purchase and 
Assumption Agreement with Summit.

No one facility is material to the Company. Management believes that the facilities are generally in good condition and suitable 
for the operations for which they are used. 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From  time  to  time  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  may  be  subject  to  claims,  asserted  or 
unasserted  or  named  as  a  party  to  lawsuits  or  investigations.  Litigation,  in  general,  and  intellectual  property  and  securities 
litigation, in particular, can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of legal proceedings 
cannot be predicted with any certainty, and in the case of more complex legal proceedings, the results can be difficult to predict. 
The Company is not aware of any material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or 
of which any of their property is the subject.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

34

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MVBF.”

As of March 8, 2021, MVB Financial Corp. had approximately 920 stockholders of record. 

In  2020  2019  and  2018,  the  Company  paid  dividends  totaling  $0.36,  $0.195  and  $0.11,  respectively,  per  share  and  currently 
expects that comparable dividends will continue to be paid in the future.

The  following  five-year  performance  graph  compares  the  cumulative  total  shareholder  return  (assuming  reinvestment  of 
dividends) on the Company’s common stock to the KBW Bank Index and the Russell 2000 Index. The stock performance graph 
assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2015, and the cumulative return is measured as of each subsequent fiscal year end.

Total Return Performance

$200

$175

e
u
l
a
V
x
e
d
n
I

$150

$125

$100

$75

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

12/31/2017

12/31/2018

12/31/2019

12/31/2020

Period Ending

MVB Financial Corp.

KBW Bank Index

Russell 2000

Index
MVB Financial Corp.
KBW Bank Index
Russell 2000

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

12/31/2017

12/31/2018

12/31/2019

12/31/2020

$ 

100.00  $ 
100.00 
100.00 

98.32  $ 
125.60 
119.48 

154.81  $ 
146.02 
135.18 

139.92  $ 
117.39 
118.72 

193.93  $ 
155.12 
146.89 

179.58 
133.98 
173.86 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Information  about  the  Company’s  equity  compensation  plan  is  disclosed  below  under  Item  12,  Security  Ownership  of  Certain 
Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters, in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

In April 2020, Paladin Fraud acquired substantially all of the assets and certain liabilities of Paladin. The purchase price of the 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
transaction consisted of 19,278 unregistered shares of MVB common stock and an undisclosed amount of cash. 

Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Details of the repurchases of the common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2020, are included in the following 
table:

Period

October 1 - October 31, 2020

November 1 - November 30, 2020

December 1 - December 31, 2020

Total

Total number 
of shares 
purchased

Average price 
paid per share

130,400 $ 

1,500 $ 

536,490 $ 

668,390 

17.00 

16.37 

20.25 

Total number of shares 
purchased as part of 
publicly announced 
plans or programs

Maximum number (or 
approximate dollar value) of 
shares (or units) that may yet be 
purchased under the plans or 
programs

130,400  $ 

1,500  $ 

536,490  $ 

668,390 

1,582,679 

1,558,121 

31,866,000 

Please refer to Note 13 – Stock Offerings accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. 

36

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following consolidated summary sets forth the Company’s selected financial data that has been derived from its audited 
consolidated financial statements for each of the periods and at the dates indicated.

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
Balance Sheet Data:

Assets
Investment securities
Loans receivable, net
Loans held-for-sale
Deposits
Subordinated debt
Stockholders’ equity
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted

Income Statement Data:

Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan loss
Net interest income after provision for loan loss
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes
Income tax expense - continuing operations
Net income from continuing operations
Net income from discontinued operations
Net income
Preferred dividends
Net income available to common shareholders

Per Share Data:

Earnings per share from continuing operations - basic
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - basic
Earnings per share per common share - basic
Earnings per share from continuing operations - diluted
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - diluted
Earnings per share per common share - diluted
Cash dividends
Book value
Tangible book value 1
Asset Quality Ratios:

Nonperforming loans to total loans
Nonperforming assets to total assets
Net charge-offs to total loans
Allowance for loan losses to total loans

Selected Ratios:

2020

$  2,331,476 
438,209 
1,427,900 
1,062 
1,982,389 
43,407 
239,483 
  11,821,574 
  12,088,106 

Years Ended December 31,
2018

2017

2019

$  1,944,114 
254,335 
1,362,766 
109,788 
1,265,042 
4,124 
211,936 
  11,713,885 
  12,044,667 

$  1,750,969 
231,213 
1,293,427 
75,807 
1,309,154 
17,524 
176,773 
  11,030,984 
  12,722,003 

$  1,534,302 
231,507 
1,096,063 
66,794 
1,159,580 
33,524 
150,192 
  10,308,738 
  10,440,228 

2016

$  1,418,804 
162,368 
1,043,764 
90,174 
1,107,017 
33,524 
145,625 
8,212,021 
  10,068,733 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

80,453 
11,627 
68,826 
16,579 
52,247 
91,837 
97,141 
46,943 
9,532 
37,411 
— 
37,411 
461 
36,950 

3.13 
— 
3.13 
3.06 
— 
3.06 
0.36 
20.14 
19.73 

82,361 
22,961 
59,400 
1,789 
57,611 
64,604 
87,201 
35,014 
8,450 
26,564 
427 
26,991 
479 
26,512 

2.22 
0.04 
2.26 
2.16 
0.04 
2.20 
0.195 
17.13 
15.20 

$ 

$ 

69,760 
17,706 
52,054 
2,440 
49,614 
38,640 
72,878 
15,376 
3,373 
12,003 
— 
12,003 
489 
11,514 

1.04 
— 
1.04 
1.00 
— 
1.00 
0.11 
14.55 
12.92 

56,598 
12,301 
44,297 
2,173 
42,124 
40,706 
70,500 
12,330 
4,755 
7,575 
— 
7,575 
498 
7,077 

0.69 
— 
0.69 
0.68 
— 
0.68 
0.10 
13.63 
11.80 

54,123 
11,132 
42,991 
3,632 
39,359 
43,205 
69,209 
13,355 
4,378 
8,977 
3,935 
12,912 
1,128 
11,784 

0.96 
0.48 
1.44 
0.92 
0.39 
1.31 
0.08 
12.93 
11.01 

 0.9 %
 0.8 
 0.1 
 1.8 

 0.4 %
 0.3 
 0.1 
 0.9 

 0.5 %
 0.5 
 0.1 
 0.8 

 0.9 %
 0.7 
 0.1 
 0.9 

 0.6 %
 0.5 
 0.2 
 0.9 

Return on average assets - continuing operations
Return on average equity - continuing operations
Dividend payout
Efficiency
Equity to assets
Bank common equity tier 1 capital
Bank tier 1 risk-based capital
Bank total risk-based capital
Bank leverage

 1.7 %
 16.7 
 11.4 
 60.5 
 10.3 
 14.6 
 14.6 
 15.8 
 11.0 

 1.4 %
 13.6 
 8.5 
 70.3 
 10.9 
 12.1 
 12.1 
 12.9 
 9.9 

 0.7 %
 7.5 
 10.2 
 80.4 
 10.1 
 12.5 
 12.5 
 13.3 
 10.2 

 0.5 %
 5.2 
 13.6 
 82.9 
 9.8 
 13.3 
 13.3 
 14.2 
 10.7 

 0.6 %
 7.3 
 5.0 
 80.3 
 10.3 
 13.6 
 13.6 
 14.5 
 10.9 

1 This is a non-U.S. GAAP measure that the Company believes is helpful to interpreting financial results. For a reconciliation to 
the  most  directly  comparable  U.S.  GAAP  financial  measure,  please  refer  to  the  “Non-U.S.  GAAP  Financial  Measure 
Reconciliation” below.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliation

Years Ended/As of December 31,

Goodwill

Intangibles

Total intangibles

Total Equity

Less: Preferred equity

Less: Total intangibles

Tangible common equity

$ 

2,350  $ 

19,630  $ 

18,480  $ 

18,480  $ 

2,400 

4,750 

3,473 

23,103 

550 

19,030 

646 

19,126 

18,480 

744 

19,224 

$ 

239,483  $ 

211,936  $ 

176,773  $ 

150,192  $ 

145,625 

(7,334) 

(4,750) 

227,399 

(7,334) 

(23,103) 

181,499 

(7,834) 

(19,030) 

149,909 

(7,834) 

(19,126) 

123,232 

(16,334) 

(19,224) 

110,067 

Tangible common equity

Common shares outstanding

Tangible book value per common share

$ 

$ 

227,399  $ 

181,499  $ 

149,909  $ 

123,232  $ 

110,067 

11,526 

11,944 

11,607 

10,445 

19.73  $ 

15.20  $ 

12.92  $ 

11.80  $ 

9,997 

11.01 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and 
related notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. A discussion of changes in the Company's results of operations from 2018 
to  2019  has  been  omitted  from  this  report,  but  may  be  found  in  Item  7  –  Management's  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations, of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the 
SEC on March 13, 2020. Further, the Company encourages you to revisit the Forward-Looking Statements at the beginning of this 
report.

Executive Summary

Financial Results

Total assets increased $387.4 million to $2.33 billion at December 31, 2020 from $1.94 billion at December 31, 2019. Earning 
assets increased $388.8 million to $2.15 billion at December 31, 2020 from $1.76 billion at December 31, 2019. This increase of 
$388.8 million in earning assets was primarily driven by the $235.2 million increase in interest-bearing deposits with other banks 
due to increased deposit growth. Deposits increased $717.3 million to $1.98 billion at December 31, 2020, from $1.27 billion at 
December 31, 2019. The overall cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the Company was 0.85% in 2020 compared to 1.68% in 
2019.  This  cost  of  interest-bearing  liabilities,  combined  with  the  earning  asset  yield,  resulted  in  a  net  interest  margin  (tax-
equivalent) of 3.57% in 2020 compared to 3.53% in 2019.

Net  interest  income  increased  $9.4  million,  noninterest  income  increased  $27.2  million  and  noninterest  expenses  increased  by 
$9.9  million  during  2020  compared  to  2019.  The  Company’s  yield  on  earning  assets  (tax-equivalent)  in  2020  was  4.17% 
compared to 4.87% in 2019. Total loans increased by $79.2 million to $1.45 billion at December 31, 2020. 

The Company earned $37.4 million in 2020 compared to $27.0 million in 2019, an increase of $10.4 million. The 2020 earnings 
equated to a return on average assets of 1.7% and a return on average equity of 16.7%, compared to 2019 results of 1.4% and 
13.6%, respectively. Basic earnings per share were $3.13 in 2020 compared to $2.26 in 2019. Diluted earnings per share were 
$3.06 in 2020 compared to $2.20 in 2019.

COVID-19 Pandemic

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  introduced  a  great  degree  of  uncertainty  to  both  the  global  and  domestic  economy,  as  well  as 
financial markets. The full impact of COVID-19 is unknown and continues to evolve. Financial markets adjusted dramatically to 
the  reduced  economic  activity  and  the  pace  of  recovery  is  uncertain.  The  financial  market  benchmark  most  relevant  to  the 
Company’s current and future profitability is the United States Government Treasury yield curve. The United States Government 
Treasury yield curve is used as a basis for the pricing of most bonds, loans, borrowings, deposits and other fixed income yield 
curves. The United States Government Treasury yield curve has experienced a large, relatively parallel, downward shift. Given 
the  Company’s  asset-sensitive  position,  management  expects  that  net  interest  income  will  decline.  As  the  outlook  for  the 
COVID-19  pandemic  improves,  management  expects  that  the  United  States  Government  Treasury  curve  will  experience  some 
degree of an upward shift over time.  

Management  expects  that  some  clients  will  be  unable  to  meet  their  financial  obligations  in  the  near-term  as  a  result  of  the 
decreased  economic  activity  brought  on  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  However,  management  does  not  expect  that  these  credit 
concerns will perpetuate indefinitely. Many clients may be eligible to defer loan payments to a later date. The Company actively 
participated in the PPP, is evaluating other programs available to assist its clients and is providing consumer deferrals consistent 
with government-sponsored enterprise (“GSE”) guidelines. Management is working to incorporate scenarios that reflect decreased 
loan cash flows in the short term into the Company’s interest rate risk models.

There was considerable demand for the PPP implemented by the CARES Act to combat the economic slowdown brought on by 
the COVID-19 pandemic. The PPP was created to provide funding to small business owners who may have had to temporarily 
close or scale back production as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The intended use of this funding is to pay employees who 
may  be  temporarily  unable  to  work.  The  original  tranche  of  PPP  funding  of  $349  billion  ran  out  13  days  after  the  program's 
implementation. The second tranche of PPP funding of $310 billion had funds available as of the program's closure date. On July 
2, 2020, additional legislation was passed that allowed small businesses to apply for loans through August 8, 2020. On January 8, 
2021, the SBA announced that the PPP program would reopen on January 11, 2021 for new borrowers and certain existing PPP 

39

borrowers. During the latest round, funds totaling $284 billion were authorized through March 31, 2021. 

As of December 31, 2020, commercial loans totaling $34.7 million and mortgage loans totaling $13.5 million were approved for 
modifications, such as interest-only payments and payment deferrals. These modifications were not considered to be troubled debt 
restructurings in reliance on guidance issued by banking regulators titled the “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and 
Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus.” The Company originated 455 PPP 
loans with original balances of $92.8 million and outstanding balances of $82.0 million as of December 31, 2020 are included on 
the Company's balance sheet.  

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin (Average Balance Schedules)

The following tables present, for the periods indicated, information about (1) average balances, the total dollar amount of interest 
income  from  interest  earning  assets  and  the  resultant  average  yields;  (2)  average  balances,  the  total  dollar  amount  of  interest 
expense  on  interest-bearing  liabilities  and  the  resultant  average  rates;  (3)  the  interest  rate  spread;  (4)  net  interest  income  and 
margin; and (5) net interest income and margin (on a tax-equivalent basis). The average balances presented are derived from daily 
average balances.

40

Average Balances and Analysis of Net Interest Income

2020
Interest 
Income/
Expense

Average 
Balance

Yield/
Cost

Average 
Balance

2019
Interest 
Income/
Expense

Yield/
Cost

Average 
Balance

2018
Interest 
Income/
Expense

Yield/
Cost

$  125,259  $ 

12,484 

191 

246 

 0.15 % $ 

9,264  $ 

 1.97 

14,097 

209 

280 

 2.26 % $ 

5,176  $ 

 1.99 

14,778 

108 

295 

 2.09 %

 2.00 

121,607 

144,389 

2,448 

 2.01 

5,361 

 3.71 

129,486 

103,235 

3,055 

 2.36 

4,456 

 4.32 

150,134 

79,161 

3,580 

 2.38 

3,557 

 4.49 

  1,136,858 

54,434 

 4.79 

987,674 

53,087 

 5.37 

854,108 

43,099 

 5.05 

8,966 

422 

 4.70 

12,549 

561 

 4.47 

14,352 

632 

 4.40 

403,166 

18,100 

 4.49 

447,891 

21,220 

 4.74 

395,302 

18,794 

 4.75 

6,973 

465 

 6.67 

8,948 

547 

 6.11 

11,349 

575 

 5.07 

  1,555,963 

73,421 

 4.72 

  1,457,062 

75,415 

 5.18 

  1,275,111 

63,100 

 4.95 

  1,959,702 

81,667 

 4.17 

  1,713,144 

83,415 

 4.87 

  1,524,360 

70,640 

 4.63 

(18,079) 

26,460 

181,439 

$ 2,149,522 

(11,318) 

17,625 

131,370 

$ 1,850,821 

(10,530) 

16,828 

106,600 

$ 1,637,258 

(Dollars in thousands)

Assets

Interest-bearing deposits in banks

CDs with banks

Investment securities:

     Taxable
     Tax-exempt 2
Loans and loans held-for-sale: 1 3
     Commercial
     Tax-exempt  2
     Real estate

     Consumer

Total loans

Total earning assets

Less: Allowance for loan losses

Cash and due from banks

Other assets

     Total assets

Liabilities

Deposits:

     Negotiable order of withdrawal

$  408,110  $ 

2,521 

 0.62 

$  381,092  $ 

3,586 

 0.94 

$  432,789  $ 

3,246 

 0.75 

     Money market checking

458,606 

2,680 

 0.58 

331,636 

5,144 

 1.55 

245,008 

2,455 

 1.00 

     Savings

     IRAs

     CDs

Repurchase agreements and federal funds sold

FHLB and other borrowings

Subordinated debt

45,420 

13,691 

6 

 0.01 

218 

 1.59 

349,787 

4,869 

 1.39 

9,856 

68,407 

7,568 

23 

 0.23 

1,049 

 1.53 

261 

 3.45 

38,324 

17,415 

387,660 

11,252 

183,812 

12,124 

4 

 0.01 

329 

 1.89 

8,376 

 2.16 

48 

 0.43 

4,704 

 2.56 

770 

 6.35 

44,049 

17,894 

319,720 

18,536 

190,686 

25,774 

29 

 0.07 

285 

 1.59 

5,620 

 1.76 

56 

 0.30 

4,259 

 2.23 

1,756 

 6.81 

     Total interest-bearing liabilities

  1,361,445 

11,627 

 0.85 

  1,363,315 

22,961 

 1.68 

  1,294,456 

17,706 

 1.37 

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits

Other liabilities

     Total liabilities

502,457 

61,169 

  1,925,071 

Stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock

Common stock

Additional paid-in capital

Treasury stock

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

7,334 

12,047 

130,314 

(2,638) 

77,043 

351 

     Total stockholders’ equity

     Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

224,451 

$ 2,149,522 

258,546 

33,810 

  1,655,671 

7,660 

11,762 

118,837 

(1,084) 

61,712 

(3,737) 

195,150 

$ 1,850,821 

171,631 

10,304 

  1,476,391 

7,834 

11,082 

107,669 

(1,084) 

42,509 

(7,143) 

160,867 

$ 1,637,258 

Net interest spread (tax-equivalent)
Net interest income and margin (tax-equivalent) 2
Less: Tax-equivalent adjustments

Net interest spread

$  70,040 

(1,214) 

 3.32 
 3.57 %

 3.25 

$  60,454 

(1,054) 

 3.19 
 3.53 %

 3.13 

$  52,934 

(880) 

 3.26 
 3.47 %

 3.21 

Net interest income and margin

$  59,400 
1 Non-accrual loans are included in total loan balances, lowering the effective yield for the portfolio in the aggregate.
2  In  order  to  make  pre-tax  income  and  resultant  yields  on  tax-exempt  loans  and  investment  securities  comparable  to  those  on  taxable  loans  and  investment 
securities, a tax-equivalent adjustment has been computed using a Federal tax rate of 21% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, which 
is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure. Please refer to the reconciliation of this non-U.S. GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP 
financial measure following this table.
3 The Company’s PPP loans, totaling $82.0 million at December 31, 2020, are included in this amount for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

$  68,826 

$  52,054 

 3.51 %

 3.47 %

 3.41 %

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)

Net interest margin - U.S. GAAP basis

Net interest income

Average interest-earning assets

Net interest margin

Net interest margin - non-U.S. GAAP basis

Net interest income

Plus: Impact of fully tax-equivalent adjustment

Net interest income on a fully-tax equivalent basis

Average interest-earning assets

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year Ended December 31, 

2020

2019

2018

68,826 

$ 

59,400 

$ 

1,959,702 

 3.51 %

1,713,144 

 3.47 %

52,054 

1,524,360 

 3.41 %

68,826 

$ 

59,400 

$ 

1,214 

70,040 

1,054 

60,454 

52,054 

880 

52,934 

1,959,702 

$ 

1,713,144 

$ 

1,524,360 

Net interest margin on a fully tax-equivalent basis

 3.57 %

 3.53 %

 3.47 %

Rate Volume Calculation

The year over year change in rate volume to 2020 from 2019 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Earning Assets

Loans

Commercial
Tax-exempt
Real estate
Consumer

Investment securities:

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Interest-bearing deposits in banks
CDs with banks
Total earning assets

Interest-bearing liabilities

Negotiable order of withdrawal
Money market checking
Savings
IRAs
CDs
Repurchase agreements and federal funds sold
FHLB and other borrowings
Subordinated debt

Total interest-bearing liabilities
Total

Net Interest Income

Change in 
Volume

Change in Rate

Change in Both 
Rate & Volume

Total Change

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

8,018  $ 
(160) 
(2,119) 
(121) 

(186) 
1,776 
2,617 
(32) 
9,793  $ 

254  $ 

1,969 
1 
(70) 
(818) 
(6) 
(2,954) 
(289) 
(1,913)  $ 
11,706  $ 

(5,796)  $ 
29 
(1,112) 
50 

(448) 
(623) 
(195) 
(2) 
(8,097)  $ 

(1,232)  $ 
(3,206) 
1 
(52) 
(2,980) 
(22) 
(1,885) 
(352) 
(9,728)  $ 
1,631  $ 

(875)  $ 
(8) 
111 
(11) 

27 
(248) 
(2,440) 
— 
(3,444)  $ 

(87)  $ 

(1,227) 
— 
11 
291 
3 
1,184 
132 
307  $ 
(3,751)  $ 

1,347 
(139) 
(3,120) 
(82) 

(607) 
905 
(18) 
(34) 
(1,748) 

(1,065) 
(2,464) 
2 
(111) 
(3,507) 
(25) 
(3,655) 
(509) 
(11,334) 
9,586 

Net  interest  income  is  the  amount  by  which  interest  income  on  earning  assets  exceeds  interest  expense  incurred  on  interest-
bearing liabilities. Interest-earning assets include loans, investment securities and certificates of deposit in banks. Interest-bearing 
liabilities include interest-bearing deposits and borrowed funds such as sweep accounts and repurchase agreements. Net interest 
income, which is the primary source of revenue for the Bank, is also impacted by changes in market interest rates, as well as the 
mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is impacted favorably by increases in noninterest 
bearing demand deposits and equity.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets and serves as a measurement of 
the net revenue stream generated by the Bank’s balance sheet. Net interest margin (tax equivalent) was 3.57% in 2020 compared 
to  3.53%  in  2019.  The  net  interest  margin  continues  to  face  considerable  pressure  due  to  falling  interest  rates  and  competitive 
pricing of loans and deposits in the Bank’s markets. During 2020, the Federal Reserve lowered its key interest rate from a range 
of 1.50% to 1.75% to a range of 0.00% to 0.25%. Management’s estimate of the impact of future changes in market interest rates 
is shown in the section captioned Interest Rate Risk, in Item 7A – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
included elsewhere in this report.

Net interest spread is calculated by taking the difference between interest earned on earning assets and interest paid on interest-
bearing  liabilities  in  an  effort  to  maximize  net  interest  income  while  maintaining  an  appropriate  level  of  interest  rate  risk.  Net 
interest spread (tax-equivalent) was 3.32% in 2020 compared to 3.19% and 3.26% in 2019 and 2018, respectively. The difference 
between the net interest margin (tax-equivalent) and net interest spread (tax-equivalent) was 25 basis points in 2020 compared to 
34 basis points in 2019. This was due to an increase of $243.9 million in average noninterest bearing demand deposits.

Company management continues to analyze methods to deploy assets into an earning asset mix which will result in a stronger net 
interest margin. Loan growth continues to be strong and management anticipates that loan activity will remain strong in the near-
term future.

During 2020, net interest income increased by $9.4 million, or 15.9%, to $68.8 million from $59.4 million in 2019. This increase 
is largely due to the decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities of 83 basis points outpacing the decrease in yield on earning 
assets  of  70  basis  points.  Also  impacting  the  yield  were  the  Summit  sale,  First  State  accretion  and  amortization  of  PPP  fees. 
Average  total  earning  assets  was  $1.96  billion  in  2020  compared  to  $1.71  billion  in  2019.  Although  there  was  an  increase  in 
average total earning assets, total interest income decreased by $1.9 million, or 2.3%, to $80.5 million in 2020 from $82.4 million 
in  2019.  This  decrease  in  total  interest  income  was  driven  by  the  effect  of  the  Federal  Reserve  lowering  its  key  interest  rates, 
which resulted in the decrease in yield on earning assets of 70 basis points. Average total loans and loans held-for-sale increased 
to $1.56 billion in 2020 from $1.46 billion in 2019, primarily as the result of a $149.2 million increase in average commercial 
loans; however, PPP loans with an outstanding balance of $82.0 million accounted for a portion of the increase and carried just a 
1% yield, outside of origination fee accretion. Yield on total loans and loans held-for-sale decreased 46 basis points. Changes in 
the balance sheet related to the Summit and First State transactions also impacted yield on earning assets.

Average  investment  securities  increased  $33.3  million  as  the  result  of  a  $41.2  million  increase  in  tax-exempt  investments, 
partially offset by a $7.9 million decrease in taxable investments. Yield on tax-exempt securities decreased 61 basis points and 
taxable securities yield decreased 35 basis points. 

Average  interest-bearing  liabilities  decreased  in  2020  by  $1.9  million.  The  decrease  was  primarily  the  result  of  decreases  of 
$115.4 million in the average balance of FHLB and other borrowings and $37.9 million in the average balance of certificates of 
deposit,  partially  offset  by  increases  of  $127.0  million  in  money  market  checking  accounts  and  $27.0  million  in  the  average 
balance of negotiable order of withdrawal accounts. 

Average interest-bearing deposits grew to $1.28 billion in 2020 from $1.16 billion in 2019. Total interest expense decreased by 
$11.3 million, caused primarily by a $7.1 million decrease in deposit interest and a $3.7 million decrease in interest on FHLB and 
other borrowings. The result was a 83-basis point decrease in the cost of interest bearing liabilities from 2019 to 2020.

The Company’s average earning assets increased $246.6 million and net interest income increased by $9.4 million during 2020. 
The net interest margin continues to be pressured by falling rates and increased competition for high quality loan growth.

The Bank’s yield on earning assets declined during 2020 due to decreases in the loan portfolio yield of 46 basis points, driven by 
the addition of PPP loans originated in the second quarter of 2020, and the investment portfolio yield of 29 basis points, while the 
cost of interest bearing liabilities decreased by 83 basis points.

The cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 0.85% in 2020 from 1.68% in 2019. This decrease is primarily the result of 
decreases  of  103  basis  points  in  the  cost  of  FHLB  and  other  borrowings  and  a  70  basis  point  decrease  in  the  cost  of  deposits. 
Further discussion on borrowings is included in Note 7 – Borrowed Funds accompanying the consolidated financial statements 
included elsewhere in this report.

Provision for Loan Losses

The Company’s provision for loan losses for 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $16.6 million, $1.8 million and $2.4 million, respectively. 

43

The provision for loan losses, which is a product of management’s quarterly analysis, is recorded in response to inherent losses in 
the loan portfolio. 

Substantially all of the increase in loan loss provision is the result of changes to the qualitative adjustment factors in response to 
the COVID-19 pandemic, enhancements to the qualitative adjustment factor framework itself and adjustments to the risk grading 
of  significant  loans  within  the  portfolio,  as  well  as  changes  in  the  outstanding  balances  of  the  loan  portfolios,  the  level  of 
recognized charge-offs and the resulting historical loss rates.  

Determining the appropriate provision for loan losses requires considerable management judgment. In exercising this judgment, 
management considers numerous internal and external factors including, but not limited to, portfolio growth, national and local 
economic conditions, trends in the markets served and guidance from the Bank’s primary regulators. 

Management has continued to evaluate the qualitative factor framework within the allowance for loan loss methodology in order 
to assess how well the framework can appropriately respond to the unprecedented risk presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. As 
a  result,  the  framework  was  significantly  enhanced  to  consider  a  much  greater  degree  of  risk  than  when  the  framework  was 
originally  designed.  The  framework  has  consistently  generated  an  adequate  allowance  for  loan  loss  within  a  generally  stable 
economic environment, but the onset of the pandemic made it apparent that the framework required modifications to consider this 
greater degree of risk. These enhancements resulted in the need for $12.8 million in additional loan loss provision in 2020. While 
the ultimate timing and severity of impacts to the economic and business conditions in which we operate are not yet fully known, 
it is clear that the impacts will continue to be significant and it is likely that the impacts will evolve over time as businesses and 
individuals learn to adapt. The breadth of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and impacts impact on virtually all industries has 
created additional risk within the loan portfolios, despite there being no change to the nature of those portfolios. Furthermore, as a 
result  of  the  ongoing  analysis  of  the  loan  portfolios,  a  significant  number  of  borrowers  are  experiencing  a  strain  on  their 
operations, and as a result present an greater risk of default. Additionally, consumer sentiment has been impacted. 

Other significant factors include the increasingly volatile social atmosphere, the evolving political climate in the United States and 
the distribution and acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. The unprecedented initiatives of the United States government to provide 
support to the economy through new loan programs has simultaneously served to temporarily mitigate some of the impacts to the 
economy and the Company's borrowers, while also adding some degree of increased risk to lending policies and procedures as a 
result  of  the  pace  and  manner  in  which  these  programs  have  been  developed  and  made  available  to  the  public.  As  a  result, 
quantifiable evidence of the impacts to the Company's loan portfolios has not yet been fully realized in terms of delinquent loans 
or deterioration in collateral values. Meanwhile, as of December 31, 2020, management had not made any significant changes to 
lending  strategies  that  would  impact  the  concentrations  of  credit  risk  within  those  portfolios.  Additionally,  the  risk  grade 
adjustment of significant loans within the portfolio in response to increased risk presented by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in 
the need for roughly $3.8 million in additional loan loss provision.  

Meanwhile,  total  loan  balances,  excluding  purchased  credit  impaired  (“PCI”)  loans,  increased  $41.1  million  in  2020  versus  an 
increase of $69.7 million in 2019. The commercial loan portfolio increased by $77.3 million in 2020, in comparison to an increase 
of $122.8 million in 2019, while the residential mortgage loan portfolio decreased by $31.3 million and $23.3 million in 2020 and 
2019,  respectively.  Included  in  the  commercial  and  total  loan  volume  increases  are  PPP  loans  totaling  $82.0  million  as  of 
December 31, 2020. Also, net charge-offs in 2020 totaled $2.1 million, in comparison to net charge-offs of $1.0 million in 2019. 
Lastly, provision was impacted by a $0.7 million increase in the specific loan loss allocations in 2020, relative to a $0.5 million 
decrease in 2019. 

Noninterest Income

Payment  card  and  service  charge  income,  mortgage  fee  income,  consulting  compliance  income,  and  gains  on  equity  securities 
generate the core of the Company’s noninterest income. During 2020, equity method investment income and gains on acquisition 
and divestiture activity have generated additional noninterest income. Total of noninterest income for 2020, 2019 and 2018 was 
$91.8 million, $64.6 million and $38.6 million, respectively.

The increase in noninterest income for 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily the result of increases of $24.2 million in income 
from ICM, $17.6 million in gains on acquisition and divestiture activity, $3.5 million in compliance consulting income and $3.5 
million in gain on sale of equity securities. These increases were partially offset by decreases of $13.4 million in holding gain on 
equity securities and $7.6 million in mortgage fee income. 

Equity  method  investment  income  of  $24.2  million  was  due  to  the  ICM  combination  in  July  2020.  Prior  to  this  combination, 
income from the Company's mortgage activities was recognized through  mortgage fee income. Mortgage fee income decreased 

44

$7.6  million  from  $41.0  million  in  2019  to  $33.4  million  in  2020  due  to  the  ICM  combination  in  July  2020.  Prior  to  this 
combination, income from the Company's mortgage activities was recognized through mortgage fee income.

Gains on acquisition and divestiture activity of $17.6 million was primarily due to gains of $9.6 million on the divestiture of four 
branch locations and $4.7 million on the acquisition of branch locations from First State.

Compliance consulting income increased $3.5 million from $0.9 million in 2019 to $4.4 million in 2020, driven by the Chartwell 
acquisition in September 2019.

Gain on sale of equity securities of $3.5 million was primarily driven by a gain on sale from the Company's Fintech investment 
portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Holding gain on equity securities decreased $13.4 million from $13.8 million in 2019 to $0.4 million in 2020, primarily due to an 
increase in the valuation of the Company’s Fintech investment portfolio during the second quarter of 2019.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest  expense  was  $97.1  million,  $87.2  million  and  $72.9  million  in  2020,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  Approximately 
63%, 64% and 63% of noninterest expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to personnel costs. Personnel costs are a 
significant  part  of  the  Company's  noninterest  expense  as  such  costs  are  critical  to  services  organizations.  Salaries  and  benefits 
increased  by  $5.5  million  in  2020,  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  build-out  of  Company  administration,  the  Fintech  team  and  the 
additional team members acquired as a result of the Chartwell acquisition in September 2019. 

Professional fees increased by $3.5 million in 2020, primarily the result of deal costs related to the acquisitions of First State and 
Paladin, the sale of the Eastern Panhandle banking centers and the ICM combination. 

Data processing and communications increased $1.4 million in 2020, primarily as a result of data conversion costs related to the 
acquisition  of  First  State,  the  acquisition  of  Paladin,  LLC,  the  sale  of  the  Eastern  Panhandle  banking  centers,  and  the  ICM 
combination. 

Other operating expense increased $1.7 million in 2020, mainly driven by increased loan expense and real estate expense related 
to the First State acquisition.

Income Taxes

The Company incurred income tax expense of $9.5 million, $8.6 million and $3.4 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  was  20%,  24%  and  in  2020,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  The  decrease  in  effective  tax  rate 
from 2019 to 2020 was primarily driven by increased investment in tax-free municipal investments and a reduction in the net state 
tax rate. The Company’s effective tax rate is affected by certain permanent tax differences caused by statutory requirements in the 
tax code. The largest permanent difference relates to tax-exempt interest income related to municipal investments and loans held 
by the Company. Other, smaller permanent differences arise from income derived from life insurance purchased on certain key 
employees and directors and meals and entertainment expenses.

Returns on Assets and Equity

Assets

The Company’s return on average assets was 1.7% in 2020, compared to 1.4% in 2019. The increased return in 2020 is a result of 
a  $10.4  million  increase  in  earnings,  while  average  total  assets  increased  by  $298.7  million,  mainly  as  the  result  of  a  $116.0 
million increase in average interest-bearing deposits with banks and a $98.9 million increase in average total loans. 

Equity

The Company’s return on average stockholders’ equity was 16.7% in 2020, compared to 13.6% in 2019. The increased return in 
2020 is a result of a $10.4 million increase in earnings, while average equity increased by $29.3 million. 

45

Statement of Financial Condition

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $263.9 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $28.0 million at December 31, 2019. 

Management  believes  the  current  balance  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  adequately  serves  the  Company’s  liquidity  and 
performance needs. Total cash and cash equivalents fluctuate on a daily basis due to transactions in process and other liquidity 
demands. Management believes liquidity needs are satisfied by the current balance of cash and cash equivalents, readily available 
access to traditional and non-traditional funding sources and the portions of the investment and loan portfolios that mature within 
one year. These sources of funds should enable the Company to meet cash obligations as they come due. Due to the increase in 
liquidity driven by growth in noninterest-bearing deposits, management has elected to maintain a higher cash and cash equivalents 
balance to provide flexibility during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Investment Securities

Investment securities totaled $438.2 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $254.3 million at December 31, 2019.

The following table sets forth a summary of the investment securities portfolio as of the dates indicated. The available-for-sale 
securities are reported at estimated fair value.

December 31, (Dollars in thousands)
Available-for-sale securities:
United States government agency securities
United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities
Municipal securities
Other debt securities
Other securities
Total investment securities available-for-sale

Equity securities

2020

2019

56,992  $ 
95,769 
231,887 
7,500 
18,476 
410,624  $ 

51,996 
58,312 
113,092 
— 
12,421 
235,821 

27,585  $ 

18,514 

$ 

$ 

$ 

At December 31, 2020, investment securities are available-for-sale or equity securities. Management believes the available-for-
sale  classification  provides  flexibility  in  terms  of  managing  the  portfolio  for  liquidity,  yield  enhancement  and  interest  rate  risk 
management  opportunities.  Due  to  the  increase  in  liquidity  driven  by  growth  in  noninterest-bearing  deposits,  management  has 
elected to increase balances in investment securities to generate additional interest income. At December 31, 2020, the amortized 
cost of available-for-sale investment securities totaled $400.7 million, resulting in a net unrealized gain in the investment portfolio 
of  $9.9  million.  Management  has  the  intent  and  ability  to  hold  the  investments  to  maturity  and  they  are  all  high  quality 
investments  with  no  other  than  temporary  impairment.  The  municipal  securities  continue  to  give  the  Company  the  ability  to 
pledge and to decrease the effective tax rate.

At December 31, 2020, equity securities primarily consist of the Company's Fintech investment portfolio and are comprised of 
investments in six companies with a carrying value of $23.1 million. These securities do not have readily determinable fair values; 
therefore, they are classified as equity securities and are recorded at cost and adjusted for observable price changes for underlying 
transactions for identical or similar investments.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States 
government 
agency securities

United States 
sponsored 
mortgage-backed 
securities

Municipal 
securities

Other debt 
securities

Other securities

Total

$ 

The following table shows the maturities for the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio at December 31, 2020:

Within one year

After one year, but 
within five

After five years, but 
within ten

After ten years

Total investment 
securities

(Dollars in 
thousands)

Amortized 
Cost

Weighted-
Avg. Yield

Amortized 
Cost

Weighted-
Avg. Yield

Amortized 
Cost

Weighted-
Avg. Yield

Amortized 
Cost

Weighted-
Avg. Yield

Amortized 
Cost

Fair 
Value

$ 

— 

 — % $ 

6,029 

 2.06 % $ 

19,536 

 1.32 % $ 

30,642 

 1.36 % $ 

56,207  $  56,992 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

— 

 — 

2,241 

 0.81 

92,727 

 1.69 

94,968 

95,769 

2,790 

 3.22 

13,821 

 2.93 

207,031 

 2.51 

223,642 

  231,887 

— 

1,955 

 — 

 4.23 

— 

23,946 

 — 

 5.71 

7,500 

— 

 — 

 — 

7,500 

25,901 

7,500 

18,476 

 — % $ 

10,774 

 2.75 % $ 

59,544 

 3.44 % $  330,400 

 2.17 % $  408,218  $  410,624 

Maturities are based on the final contractual payment dates and do not reflect the impact of prepayments or early redemptions that 
may occur.

Management monitors the earnings performance and liquidity of the investment portfolio on a regular basis through the Asset and 
Liability Committee (“ALCO”) meetings. The ALCO also monitors net interest income and assists in the management of interest 
rate risk for the Company. Through active balance sheet management and analysis of the investment securities portfolio, sufficient 
liquidity is maintained to satisfy depositor requirements and the various credit needs of its customers. Management believes the 
risk characteristics inherent in the investment portfolio are acceptable based on these parameters.

Loans

The Company’s primary market areas are North Central West Virginia and Northern Virginia. The portfolio consists principally 
of commercial lending, retail lending, which includes single-family residential mortgages, and consumer lending. Loans totaled 
$1.45  billion  as  of  December  31,  2020,  an  increase  of  $79.2  million  from  $1.37  billion  as  of  December  31,  2019.  As  of 
December  31,  2019,  the  balance  of  loans  classified  as  held-for-sale  as  a  result  of  the  sale  of  four  branch  locations  to  Summit 
during 2020 was $42.9 million.

Major classification of loans held for investment, including PCI loans, at December 31, are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and non-residential real estate
Residential real estate and home equity
Consumer and other
Total Loans
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net
Loans receivable

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

2020

2019

1,162,122  $ 
288,035 
4,644 
1,454,801  $ 
(1,057)  $ 
1,453,744  $ 

1,063,828 
306,710 
3,697 
1,374,235 
306 
1,374,541 

At December 31, 2020, commercial and non-residential real estate loans, including PCI loans, represented the largest portion of 
the portfolio at 79.9%. Commercial and non-residential real estate loans totaled $1.16 billion at December 31, 2020, compared to 
$1.06 billion at December 31, 2019. Management will continue to focus on the enhancement and growth of the commercial loan 
portfolio while maintaining appropriate underwriting standards and risk/price balance. PPP loans are included in the totals above 
and have outstanding balances of $82.0 million as of December 31, 2020 and are the primary driver of the increase.

Residential  real  estate  loans  to  retail  customers,  including  home  equity  lines  of  credit  and  PCI  loans,  account  for  the  second 
largest portion of the loan portfolio, comprising 19.8%. Residential real estate and home equity loans totaled $288.0 million at 
December 31, 2020, compared to $306.7 million at December 31, 2019. Included in residential real estate loans are home equity 
credit lines totaling $30.8 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $35.1 million at December 31, 2019. Management believes 
the home equity loans are competitive products with an acceptable return on investment after risk considerations. Residential real 
estate  lending  continues  to  represent  a  primary  focus  due  to  the  lower  risk  factors  associated  with  this  type  of  loan  and  the 
opportunity to provide service to those in the North Central West Virginia and Norther Virginia markets.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For discussion related to the PCI loans acquired in the First State acquisition and their related allowance for loan losses, please 
refer  to  Purchased  Credit  Impaired  Loans  in  Note  3  –  Loans  and  Allowance  for  Loan  Losses  accompanying  the  consolidated 
financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

At  December  31,  2020,  loans  identified  by  management  as  potential  problem  loans  amounted  to  $59.1  million.  The  balance  is 
comprised  of  16  loans,  which  include  $33.5  million  in  seven  commercial  real  estate  office/retail  loans  to  two  relationships,  an 
$8.6  million  residential  real  estate  development  loan,  $7.7  million  in  three  related  loans  to  a  retail  commercial  real  estate 
corporation,  a  $4.7  million  commercial  real  estate  loan  to  a  senior  care  facility,  $3.0  million  to  finance  two  related  hospitality 
properties  and  $1.6  million  in  two  loans  to  finance  a  multifamily  property.  These  are  loans  for  which  information  about  the 
borrowers’  possible  credit  problems  causes  management  to  have  doubts  as  to  the  borrowers’  ability  to  comply  with  the  loan 
repayment terms in the future. However, these loans were all also significantly impacted by the pandemic and as a result have 
qualified for government financial support and/or debt service relief from the Bank. These loans are being monitored closely, but 
were not considered impaired loans at December 31, 2020.

There were thirteen additional loans to five relationships that management identified as problem loans, totaling $42.0 million as of 
December 31, 2020. These loans include $32.5 million in five loans to finance hospitality properties to two unrelated borrowers, 
$5.2 million in three loans to a single borrower to finance movie theaters and a multifamily real estate property, a $2.2 million 
loan to finance a Montessori school and $2.1 million in three loans to a borrower in the energy industry. These are loans where 
known information about the borrowers’ credit problems causes management to have serious doubts, relative to the sixteen loans 
discussed above, as to the borrowers’ ability to comply with the loan repayment terms in the future. However, these loans were all 
significantly impacted by the pandemic and as a result have qualified for government financial support and/or debt service relief 
from the Bank. These loans are being monitored closely, but as of year-end were not considered impaired loans.

The following table provides loan maturities at December 31, 2020:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and non-residential real estate
Residential real estate and home equity
Consumer and other
Total Loans

One Year 
or Less

One Through 
Five Years

Due After Five 
Years

Total

$ 

$ 

282,821  $ 
32,338 
1,386 
316,545  $ 

574,496  $ 
76,758 
2,486 
653,740  $ 

304,805  $  1,162,122 
288,035 
178,939 
4,644 
772 
484,516  $  1,454,801 

The preceding data has been compiled based upon the earlier of either contractual maturity or next repricing date.

The  following  table  reflects  the  sensitivity  of  loans  to  changes  in  interest  rates  as  of  December  31,  2020  that  mature  after  one 
year:

(Dollars in thousands)
Predetermined fixed interest rate
Floating or adjustable interest rate
Total as of December 31, 2020

Loan Concentration

Commercial and 
Non-Residential 
Real Estate

Residential Real 
Estate and Home 
Equity

Consumer and 
Other

$ 

$ 

160,257  $ 
719,044 
879,301  $ 

116,717  $ 
138,980 
255,697  $ 

2,051  $ 
1,207 
3,258  $ 

Total

279,025 
859,231 
1,138,256 

At December 31, 2020, commercial and non-residential real estate loans comprised the largest component of the loan portfolio. A 
large  portion  of  commercial  loans  are  secured  by  real  estate  and  they  are  diverse  with  respect  to  geographical  location  and 
industry. Loans that are not secured by real estate are typically secured by accounts receivable, mortgages or equipment. While 
the  loan  concentration  is  in  commercial  loans,  the  commercial  portfolio  is  comprised  of  loans  to  many  different  borrowers,  in 
numerous different industries, primarily located in the Company's market areas.

Allowance for Loan Losses

Management continually monitors the risk in the loan portfolio through review of the monthly delinquency reports and the Loan 
Review Committee. The Loan Review Committee is responsible for the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan 
losses (“ALL”). This analysis involves both experience of the portfolio to date and the makeup of the overall portfolio. Specific 
loss estimates are derived for individual loans based on specific criteria such as current delinquent status, related deposit account 
activity where applicable and changes in the local and national economy. When appropriate, management also considers public 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
knowledge and/or verifiable information from the local market to assess risks to specific loans and the loan portfolios as a whole.

The  result  of  the  evaluation  of  the  adequacy  at  each  period  presented  herein  indicated  that  the  ALL  was  considered  by 
management to be adequate to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, impaired loans totaled $15.4 million and $9.5 million, respectively. A portion of the ALL of 
$1.3 million and $0.6 million was allocated to cover any loss in these loans at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Loans 
past due more than 30 days were $10.6 million and $9.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2020 and 2019. 

Loans past due more than 30 days to gross loans
Loans past due more than 90 days to gross loans

December 31,

2020

2019

 1.2 %
 0.6 %

 0.7 %
 0.1 %

Net charge-offs of $2.1 million in 2020 and $1.0 million in 2019 were incurred. The provision for loan losses was $16.6 million in 
2020 and $1.8 million in 2019. Net charge-offs represented 0.1% and 0.1% in 2020 and 2019, respectively, compared to gross 
loans for the indicated period.

For tables reflecting the allocation of the ALL, please refer to Note 3 – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses accompanying the 
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

(Dollars in thousands)

2020

2019

December 31,
Commercial and non-residential real estate
Residential real estate and home equity
Consumer and other
Total

Amount

% of loans in each 
category to total loans

Amount

$ 

$ 

24,033 
2,030 
51 
26,114 

 80 % $ 
 20 
 — 
 100 % $ 

10,098 
1,599 
78 
11,775 

% of loans in each 
category to total loans
 78 %
 22 
 — 
 100 %

Non-performing  assets  consist  of  loans  that  are  no  longer  accruing  interest,  loans  that  have  been  renegotiated  to  below  market 
rates  based  upon  financial  difficulties  of  the  borrower  and  real  estate  acquired  through  foreclosure.  When  interest  accruals  are 
suspended, accrued interest income is reversed with current year accruals charged to earnings and prior year amounts generally 
charged  off  as  a  credit  loss.  When,  in  management’s  judgment,  the  borrower’s  ability  to  make  periodic  interest  and  principal 
payments resumes and collectability is no longer in doubt, which is evident by the receipt of six consecutive months of regular, 
on-time  payments,  the  loan  is  eligible  to  be  returned  to  accrual  status.  Interest  income  on  loans  would  have  increased  by 
approximately  $0.6  million,  $0.6  million  and  $0.8  million  for  2020,  2019  and  2018,  respectively,  if  loans  had  performed  in 
accordance with their terms.

Non-performing assets and past due loans as of December 31, are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Non-accrual loans
     Commercial
     Real estate and home equity
     Consumer and other
Total non-accrual loans
Accruing loan past due 90 days or more
Total non-performing loans
Other real estate, net
Total non-performing assets

Allowance for loan losses

Non-performing loans to gross loans
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans
Non-performing assets to total assets

$ 

$ 

$ 

2020

2019

12,079  $ 

1,629 
5 
13,713 
— 
13,713 
5,730 
19,443  $ 

25,844  $ 

3,533 
1,556 
34 
5,123 
— 
5,123 
1,397 
6,520 

11,775 

0.9%
188.5%
0.8%

49

0.4%
229.8%
0.3%

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans have increased by $5.9 million, or 62.3%, during 2020. This change is the net effect of multiple factors, primarily 
the identification of $7.1 million of recently impaired loans, principal curtailments/payoffs of $3.0 million, the acquisition of $2.5 
million  in  impaired  loans  obtained  through  the  acquisition  of  First  State,  normal  loan  amortization  of  $0.5  million  and  the 
reclassification of $0.1 million of previously reported impaired loans to performing loans. 

The $7.1 million of recently impaired loans were concentrated in two commercial relationships representing $6.1 million, or 86%, 
of the recently impaired loans. One relationship of $5.2 million is currently under a forbearance agreement and paying as agreed. 
The remaining relationship is secured by a borrowing base.

The  $3.0  million  of  principal  curtailments/payoffs  were  concentrated  in  two  commercial  relationships  in  which  the  notes  were 
refinanced  out  of  the  bank  by  outside  lenders.  These  two  relationships  represented  $2.7  million,  or  88%,  of  the  total  principal 
curtailments.

The  $2.5  million  of  purchased  impaired  loans  were  concentrated  in  two  commercial  relationships  representing  $2.2  million,  or 
88%,  of  the  purchased  impaired  loans.  One  relationship  of  $1.5  million  is  secured  by  residential  lots  for  development  and  the 
second relationship of $0.7 million is secured by a single-family home that is partially constructed.

Loans classified as Special Mention totaled $67.9 million and $25.2 million as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, 
respectively.  The  increase  of  $42.7  million,  or  169.4%,  was  concentrated  in  the  commercial  loan  portfolio.  This  increase  is 
primarily the result of the risk grade downgrade of 16 loans to eight separate loan relationships, totaling $63.5 million, offset by 
the payoff of six existing  loans totaling $15.0 million, the risk grade upgrade of  a $1.5  million loan and the charge-off  of two 
loans totaling $1.9 million. Of the 16 loans recently classified as Special Mention, seven commercial real estate office/retail loans 
to two separate relationships each centered around a single guarantor totaled $33.5 million, one residential real estate development 
loan totaled $8.6 million, three related loans to a retail commercial real estate corporation totaled $7.7 million, a commercial real 
estate  loan  to  a  senior  care  facility  totaled  $4.7  million,  two  related  hospitality  loans  totaled  $3.0  million  and  two  loans  to  a 
multifamily property totaled $1.6 million. The operations of all these borrowers were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 
pandemic.  The  $15.0  million  in  payoffs  included  an  $8.3  million  note  secured  by  subordinate  bonds  related  to  a  sales  tax 
increment  financing  district,  which  had  not  been  refinanced  as  timely  as  anticipated  due  to  delays  in  the  reissuance  of  senior 
position bonds. Two unrelated loans, a $3.4 million loan secured by a senior care facility, and a $2.8 million loan secured by a 
multifamily rental property, were refinanced outside of the Company. 

Loans  classified  as  Substandard  totaled  $58.3  million  and  $18.6  million  as  of  December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2019, 
respectively. The increase of $39.7 million, or 214%, was concentrated in the commercial loan portfolio. The increase is primarily 
the result of the risk grade downgrade of 13 loans to six separate commercial loan relationships, totaling $42.7 million, offset by 
the payoff of two existing loans totaling $3.6 million and the $0.9 million, or 15%, curtailment of three related equipment loans. 
Of the 13 loans recently classified as Substandard, five loans totaling $32.5 million were provided to two borrowers to finance 
hospitality  properties.  Four  of  the  recently  classified  loans,  totaling  $5.2  million  were  provided  to  a  single  loan  relationship  to 
finance two movie cinemas and an outdoor recreation oriented multifamily rental property. Additionally, the recently classified 
loans include a $2.2 million loan to finance a Montessori school and three loans totaling $2.1 million to finance equipment for a 
borrower in the energy industry. The operations of all these borrowers were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. 
The $3.6 million in payoffs included a $2.0 million line of credit secured by the account receivables of senior care facility that has 
struggled to collect its receivables and government reimbursements in a timely manner, which had placed considerable strain on 
operating performance. The remaining $1.6 million was a loan that had been classified since the financial difficulties caused by 
the Great Recession.

Loans classified as Doubtful totaled $4.0 million and $0.1 million as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. 
The increase of $3.9 million was concentrated in the commercial loan portfolio and is the result of the risk grade downgrade of 
four loans to three unrelated borrowers and the acquisition of five loans to unrelated borrowers obtained as part of the First State 
acquisition.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  a  loan  loss  reserve  allocation  of  $0.7  million  has  been  recognized  on  the  largest  of  the 
loans, which had a balance of $0.9 million. Three loans totaling $0.4 million are the balances that remain after partial charge offs 
totaling $0.07 million and are subject to ongoing workout plans. The largest of purchased loans had a balance of $1.5 million, 
while the remaining three loans had balances of $0.7 million, $0.2 million, and $0.09 million.

Funding Sources

The  Bank  considers  a  number  of  alternatives,  including  but  not  limited  to  deposits,  short-term  borrowings  and  long-term 
borrowings  when  evaluating  funding  sources.  Traditional  deposits  continue  to  be  the  most  significant  source  of  funds,  totaling 

50

$1.98 billion, or 97.4% of funding sources, at December 31, 2020. This same information at December 31, 2019 reflected $1.27 
billion in deposits representing 84.2% of such funding sources. FHLB and other borrowings and subordinated debt represented 
14.8% of funding sources at December 31, 2019. There were no FHLB and other borrowings at December 31, 2020. Subordinated 
debt  totaled  $43.4  million  at  December  31,  2020.  Repurchase  agreements,  which  are  available  to  large  corporate  customers, 
represented 0.5% and 0.7% of funding sources at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Management continues to emphasize the development of additional noninterest-bearing deposits as a core funding source for the 
Company.  At  December  31,  2020,  noninterest-bearing  balances  totaled  $715.8  million,  compared  to  $278.5  million  at 
December  31,  2019,  or  36.1%  and  22.0%  of  total  deposits,  respectively.  Interest-bearing  deposits  totaled  $1.27  billion  at 
December 31, 2020, compared to $986.5 million at December 31, 2019, or 63.9% and 78.0% of total deposits, respectively. The 
main driver of deposit growth has been the increase in Fintech deposits through adding new relationships and continuing to grow 
current relationships. This growth in Fintech deposits is primarily due to the increasing in gaming deposits, primarily as a result of 
the increasing number of states legalizing sports gaming. The Company currently expects its Fintech banking to continue to grow.

The following table sets forth the balance of each of the deposit categories for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: 

(Dollars in thousands)
Demand deposits of individuals, partnerships and corporations
     Noninterest-bearing demand
     Interest-bearing demand
     Savings and money markets
     Time deposits including CDs and IRAs
          Total deposits

Time deposits that meet or exceed the FDIC insurance limit

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

$ 

715,791  $ 
496,502 
545,501 
224,595 
1,982,389  $ 

278,547 
351,435 
363,026 
272,034 
1,265,042 

16,955  $ 

8,955 

Average interest-bearing deposits totaled $1.28 billion during 2020 compared to $1.16 billion during 2019. Average noninterest 
bearing  deposits  totaled  $502.5  million  during  2020  compared  to  $258.5  million  during  2019.  Amounts  for  2019  include 
noninterest bearing deposits at branches classified as held-for-sale.

Maturities of time deposits, including time deposits at branches held-for-sale, that met or exceeded the FDIC insurance limit as of 
December 31, 2020:

(Dollars in thousands)
Under three months
Over three to 12 months
Over one to three years
Over three years
     Total

$ 

$ 

2020

3,942 
2,598 
10,161 
254 
16,955 

Along  with  traditional  deposits,  the  Bank  has  access  to  both  short-term  borrowings  from  FHLB  and  overnight  repurchase 
agreements to fund its operations and investments. For details on the Company's borrowings, please refer to Note 7 – Borrowed 
Funds accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Capital and Stockholders’ Equity

During the year ended December 31, 2020, stockholders’ equity increased approximately $27.5 million to $239.5 million. This 
increase consists of net income for the year of $37.4 million, common stock options exercised totaling $4.5 million, a $3.5 million 
increase in accumulated other comprehensive income, stock-based compensation of $2.4 million and common stock issued related 
to the Paladin acquisition totaling $0.2 million. These changes were offset by common stock repurchased totaling $15.7 million, 
primarily  from  the  Company's  December  2020  tender  offer,  and  dividends  paid  totaling  $4.7  million.  With  the  stockholders’ 
equity increasing as noted above, the equity to assets ratio decreased from 10.9% to 10.3% due to equity growth outpacing the 
$387.4 million increase in total assets during 2020. The Company paid dividends to common shareholders of $4.3 million in 2020 
and $2.3 million in 2019 compared to earnings of $37.4 million in 2020 versus $27.0 million in 2019, resulting in the dividend 
payout ratio increasing from 8.5% in 2019 to 11.4% in 2020. 

The Company and the Bank are also subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. 
Failure  to  meet  minimum  capital  requirements  can  initiate  certain  mandatory,  and  possibly  additional  discretionary,  actions  by 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Bank is 
required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the FDIC. The Company is exempt from the Federal 
Reserve Board’s capital adequacy standards as it believes it meets the requirements of the Small Bank Holding Company Policy 
Statement. West Virginia state chartered banks, such as the Bank, are subject to similar capital requirements adopted by the West 
Virginia  Division  of  Financial  Institutions.  Bank  regulators  have  established  “risk-based”  capital  requirements  designed  to 
measure capital adequacy. Risk-based capital ratios reflect the relative risks of various assets companies hold in their portfolios. A 
weight category of 0% (lowest risk assets), 20%, 50%, 100% or 150% (highest risk assets) is assigned to each asset on the balance 
sheet.  Detailed  information  concerning  the  Company’s  risk-based  capital  ratios  can  be  found  in  Supervision  and  Regulation  in 
Item 1 – Business and Note 15 – Regulatory Capital Requirements accompanying the consolidated financial statements included 
elsewhere in this report. 

At December 31, 2020, the Bank’s risk-based capital ratios were above the minimum standards for a well-capitalized institution. 
The total risk-based capital ratio of 15.8% at December 31, 2020 is above the well capitalized standard of 10%. The Tier 1 risk-
based capital ratio of 14.6% at December 31, 2020 also exceeded the well capitalized minimum of 8%. The common equity Tier 1 
capital ratio of 14.6% at December 31, 2020 is above the well capitalized standard of 6.5%. The leverage ratio at December 31, 
2020 was 11.0% and was also above the well capitalized standard of 5%. Management believes that capital continues to provide a 
strong base for profitable growth.

Liquidity

Maintenance  of  a  sufficient  level  of  liquidity  is  a  primary  objective  of  the  ALCO.  Liquidity,  as  defined  by  the  ALCO,  is  the 
ability  to  meet  anticipated  operating  cash  needs,  loan  demand  and  deposit  withdrawals,  without  incurring  a  sustained  negative 
impact on net interest income. It is the Company’s policy to manage liquidity so that there is no need to make unplanned sales of 
assets or to borrow funds under emergency conditions.

The main source of liquidity for the Bank comes through deposit growth. Liquidity is also provided from cash generated from 
investment  maturities,  principal  payments  from  loans  and  income  from  loans  and  investment  securities.  During  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2020, cash provided by financing activities totaled $417.8 million, while outflows from investing activity totaled 
$294.1 million. When appropriate, the Bank has the ability to take advantage of external sources of funds such as advances from 
the FHLB, national market certificate of deposit issuance programs, the Federal Reserve discount window, brokered deposits and 
Certificate  of  Deposit  Account  Registry  Services.  These  external  sources  often  provide  attractive  interest  rates  and  flexible 
maturity  dates  that  enable  the  Bank  to  match  funding  with  contractual  maturity  dates  of  assets.  Securities  in  the  investment 
portfolio are classified as available-for-sale and can be utilized as an additional source of liquidity.

The  Company  has  an  effective  shelf  registration  covering  $75  million  of  debt  and  equity  securities,  all  of  which  is  available, 
subject to authorization from the Board of Directors and market conditions, to issue debt or equity securities at the Company's 
discretion.  While  the  Company  seeks  to  preserve  flexibility  with  respect  to  cash  requirements,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that 
market conditions would permit it to sell securities on acceptable terms, or at all. 

With the changes in the industry related to COVID-19, the Company has focused on maintaining greater liquidity. Management 
believes liquidity needs could be greater during this volatile time within the industry and markets. Based upon this volatility, the 
Company has adjusted the balance sheet to maintain a greater balance of cash and cash equivalents than has typically been used to 
maintain liquidity.

52

Contractual Obligations

The following table reflects the contractual maturities of the Company's term liabilities as of December 31, 2020. The amounts 
shown do not reflect contractual interest, early withdrawal or prepayment assumptions.

(Dollars in thousands)
Certificates of deposit and individual retirement accounts 1
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase

Operating leases

Finance leases

Subordinated debt

Less than one 
year

One to three 
years

Three to five 
years

More than 
five years

Total

$ 

126,863  $ 

83,697  $ 

14,035  $ 

—  $ 

224,595 

10,266 

1,779 

68 

— 

— 

3,448 

100 

— 

— 

3,488 

10 

— 

— 

14,280 

4 

43,407

10,266 

22,995 

182 

43,407 

Total
301,445 
1  Certificates  of  deposit  give  customers  rights  to  early  withdrawal.  Early  withdrawals  may  be  subject  to  penalties.  The  penalty 
amount depends on the remaining time to maturity at the time of early withdrawal.

138,976  $ 

57,691  $ 

87,245  $ 

17,533  $ 

$ 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Bank has entered into certain agreements that represent off-balance sheet arrangements that could have a significant impact 
on the consolidated financial statements and could have a significant impact in future periods. Specifically, the Bank has entered 
into agreements to extend credit or provide conditional payments pursuant to standby and commercial letters of credit. In addition, 
the Bank utilizes letters of credit issued by the FHLB to collateralize certain public funds deposits. Further discussion of these 
agreements,  including  the  amounts  outstanding  at  December  31,  2020,  is  included  in  Note  8  –  Commitments  and  Contingent 
Liabilities, accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Commitments  to  extend  credit,  including  loan  commitments,  standby  letters  of  credit  and  commercial  letters  of  credit  do  not 
necessarily represent future cash requirements, in that these commitments often expire without being drawn upon.

Future Outlook

The  Company  has  invested  in  the  infrastructure  to  support  anticipated  future  growth  in  each  key  area,  including  personnel, 
technology  and  processes  to  meet  the  growing  compliance  requirements  in  the  industry.  The  Company  believes  it  is  well 
positioned  in  some  of  the  finest  markets  in  West  Virginia  and  Virginia  and  will  continue  to  focus  on  margin  improvement; 
leveraging capital; organic portfolio loan growth; and operating efficiency. The key challenge for the Company in the future is to 
attract core deposits to fund growth in new markets through continued delivery of outstanding client service coupled with high-
quality  products  and  technology.  The  Company  is  expanding  the  treasury  services  function  to  support  the  banking  needs  of 
financial and emerging technology companies, which will further enhance core deposits, notably through its expansion of deposit 
acquisition and fee income strategies through the Fintech division. During 2020, the Company entered into agreements for card 
acquiring sponsorships and debit card program sponsorship to further enhance fee income and noninterest income.

Critical Accounting Policies

Significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 
accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. These policies, along with the disclosures 
presented in the other financial statement notes and in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, provide information on how 
significant assets and liabilities are valued in the consolidated financial statements and how those values are determined. Based on 
the  valuation  techniques  used  and  the  sensitivity  of  financial  statement  amounts  to  the  methods,  assumptions  and  estimates 
underlying those amounts, management has identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses to be the accounting area 
that requires the most subjective or complex judgments and as such could be most subject to revision as new information becomes 
available.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for Loan Losses

The ALL represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Determining the amount of 
the ALL is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of estimates related to 
the amount and timing of losses inherent in classifications of homogeneous loans based on the Bank’s historical loss experience 
and  consideration  of  current  economic  trends  and  conditions,  all  of  which  may  be  susceptible  to  significant  change.  Non-
homogeneous loans are specifically evaluated due to the increased risks inherent in those loans. The loan portfolio also represents 
the largest asset type in the consolidated balance sheet. Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies accompanying the 
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report describes the methodology used to determine the ALL and a 
discussion of the factors driving changes in the amount of the ALL.

Investment Securities

Investment  securities  at  the  time  of  purchase  are  classified  as  either  available-for-sale  securities  or  equity  securities.  The 
amortized cost of investment in debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, computed by 
a method that results in a level yield. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities are computed on the basis of specific 
identification of the adjusted cost of each security. Securities are periodically reviewed for other-than-temporary impairment. For 
debt securities, management considers whether the present value of future cash flows expected to be collected are less than the 
security’s amortized cost basis (the difference defined as the credit loss), the magnitude and duration of the decline, the reasons 
underlying the decline and the Company’s intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that the Company would 
be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery in market value, to determine whether the loss in value is other than 
temporary. Once a decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, if the Company does not intend to sell the security, 
and it is more-likely-than-not that it will not be required to sell the security, before recovery of the security’s amortized cost basis, 
the charge to earnings is limited to the amount of credit loss. Any remaining difference between fair value and amortized cost (the 
difference defined as the non-credit portion) is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. A decline in 
value that is considered to be other-than-temporary is recorded as a loss within noninterest income in the consolidated statement 
of income. Please refer Note 2 – Investment Securities accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in 
this report for the Company’s policy regarding the other than temporary impairment of investment securities.

Business Combinations

We account for acquisitions under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations, which 
requires the use of the acquisition method of accounting. All identifiable assets acquired, including loans, and liabilities assumed, 
are recorded at fair value. No allowance for loan losses related to the acquired loans is recorded on the acquisition date because 
the fair value of the loans acquired incorporates assumptions regarding credit risk.

PCI loans are accounted for under the accounting guidance for loans and debt securities acquired with deteriorated credit quality, 
found  in  FASB  ASC  Topic  310-30,  Receivables—Loans  and  Debt  Securities  Acquired  with  Deteriorated  Credit  Quality,  and 
initially measured at fair value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loans. 
Loans acquired in business combinations with evidence of credit deterioration are considered impaired. Loans acquired through 
business combinations that do not meet the specific criteria of FASB ASC Topic 310-30, but for which a discount is attributable, 
at  least  in  part  to  credit  quality,  are  also  accounted  for  under  this  guidance.  Certain  acquired  loans,  such  as  lines  of  credit 
(consumer and commercial) and loans for which there was no discount attributable to credit are accounted for in accordance with 
FASB ASC Topic 310-20, where the discount is accreted through earnings based on estimated cash flows over the estimated life 
of the loan.

For  more  information  regarding  the  Company's  business  combinations,  please  see  Note  24  –  Acquisitions  and  Divestitures 
accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. 

For more information on the Company's PCI loans, please see the Purchased Credit Impaired Loans section in Note 3 – Loans 
and Allowance for Loan Losses accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Developments

Recent accounting pronouncements and developments applicable to the Company are described further in Note 1 – Summary of 
Significant Accounting Policies accompanying the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

54

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s market risk is composed primarily of interest rate risk. The ALCO is responsible for reviewing the interest rate 
sensitivity position and establishes policies to monitor and coordinate the Company’s sources, uses and pricing of funds.

Interest Rate Risk

The objective of the asset/liability management function is to structure the balance sheet in ways that maintain consistent growth 
in net interest income and minimize exposure to market risks within its policy guidelines. This objective is accomplished through 
management  of  balance  sheet  liquidity  and  interest  rate  risk  exposure  based  on  changes  in  economic  conditions,  interest  rate 
levels  and  customer  preferences.  The  Company  manages  balance  sheet  liquidity  through  the  investment  portfolio,  sales  of 
commercial and residential real estate loans and through the utilization of diversified funding sources, including retail deposits, a 
variety of wholesale funding sources and borrowings through the FHLB. Interest rate risk is managed through the use of interest 
rate caps, commercial loan swap transactions and interest rate lock commitments on mortgage loans held-for-sale, as well as the 
structuring of loan terms that provide cash flows to be consistently re-invested along the rate cycle.

The Company's primary market risk is interest rate fluctuation. Interest rate risk results from the traditional banking activities in 
which the Bank engages, such as gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic conditions, financial 
conditions,  movements  in  interest  rates  and  consumer  preferences  affect  the  difference  between  interest  earned  on  assets  and 
interest paid on liabilities. The Company’s interest rate risk represents the levels of exposure its income and market values have to 
fluctuations in interest rates. Interest rate risk is measured as the change in earnings and the theoretical market value of equity that 
results from changes in interest rates. The ALCO oversees the management of interest rate risk and its objective is to maximize 
stockholder value, enhance profitability and increase capital, serve customer and community needs and protect the Company from 
any material financial consequences associated with changes in interest rates.

Interest rate risk arises from differences between the timing of rate changes and the timing of cash flows (repricing risk); changing 
rate  relationships  across  yield  curves  that  affect  bank  activities  (basis  risk);  changing  rate  relationships  across  the  spectrum  of 
maturities (yield curve risk); and interest rate related options embedded in certain bank products (option risk). Changes in interest 
rates may also affect a bank’s underlying economic value. The values of a bank’s assets, liabilities and interest-rate related, off-
balance sheet contracts are affected by changes in rates because the present values of future cash flows, and in some cases the 
cash flows themselves, are changed when discounting by different rates.

The  Company  believes  that  accepting  some  level  of  interest  rate  risk  is  necessary  in  order  to  achieve  realistic  profit  goals. 
Management and the Board of Directors have chosen an interest rate risk profile that is consistent with the Company's strategic 
business plan. While management carefully monitors the exposure to changes in interest rates and takes actions as warranted to 
decrease any adverse impact, there can be no assurance about the actual effect of interest rate changes on net interest income.

The Company’s Board of Directors has established a comprehensive interest rate risk management policy, which is administered 
by  the  ALCO.  The  policy  establishes  limits  on  risk,  which  are  quantitative  measures  of  the  percentage  change  in  net  interest 
income (a measure of net interest income at risk) and the fair value of equity capital (a measure of economic value of equity or 
“EVE” at risk) resulting from a hypothetical change in interest rates. The Company measures the potential adverse impacts that 
changing interest rates may have on short-term earnings, long-term value and liquidity by employing simulation analysis through 
the use of computer modeling. The simulation model captures optionality factors such as call features and interest rate caps and 
floors embedded in investment and loan portfolio contracts. As with any method of gauging interest rate risk, there are certain 
shortcomings  inherent  in  the  interest  rate  modeling  methodology  employed.  When  interest  rates  change,  actual  movements  in 
different categories of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, loan prepayments and withdrawals of time and other 
deposits, may deviate significantly from assumptions used in the model. Finally, the methodology does not measure or reflect the 
impact that higher rates may have on adjustable-rate loan customers’ ability to service their debts or the impact of rate changes on 
demand for loan and deposit products.

A  base  case  forecast  is  prepared  using  market  consensus  rate  forecasts  and  alternative  simulations  reflecting  more  and  less 
extreme  behavior  of  rates  each  quarter.  The  analysis  is  presented  to  the  ALCO  and  the  Board  of  Directors.  In  addition,  more 
frequent forecasts are produced when interest rates are particularly uncertain, when other business conditions so dictate, or when 
necessary to model potential balance sheet changes.

The  balance  sheet  is  subject  to  quarterly  testing  for  interest  rate  shock  possibilities  to  indicate  the  inherent  interest  rate  risk. 
Average interest rates are shocked by +/- 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis points (“bp”). The goal is to structure the balance sheet so 

55

that  net  interest  earnings  at  risk  over  a  twelve-month  period  and  the  economic  value  of  equity  at  risk  do  not  exceed  policy 
guidelines at the various interest rate shock levels.

At  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  is  shown  in  an  asset  sensitive  position  for  the  first  year  after  rate  shocks.  Management 
continuously strives to reduce higher costing fixed rate funding instruments, while increasing assets that are more fluid in their 
repricing. Theoretically, an asset sensitive position is more favorable in a rising rate environment, since more assets than liabilities 
will  reprice  in  a  given  time  frame  as  interest  rates  rise.  Similarly,  a  liability  sensitive  position  is  theoretically  favorable  in  a 
declining interest rate environment, since more liabilities than assets will reprice in a given time frame as interest rates decline. 
Management works to maintain a consistent spread between yields on assets and costs of deposits and borrowings, regardless of 
the direction of interest rates.

Estimated Changes in Net Interest Income
Change in interest rates
Policy Limit
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019

 25.0 %
 42.7 %
 5.7 %

+400 bp

+300 bp

+200 bp

+100 bp

-100 bp

-200 bp

-300 bp

-400 bp

 20.0 %
 30.7 %
 3.5 %

 15.0 %
 19.3 %
 1.3 %

 10.0 %
 9.6 %
 0.3 %

 10.0 %
 (6.6) %
 (6.9) %

 15.0 %
 (9.6) %
 (18.4) %

 20.0 %
 (12.4) %
 (26.8) %

 25.0 %
 (12.9) %
 (32.5) %

As shown above, measures of net interest income at risk in a rising rate environment were more favorable at December 31, 2020 
versus December 31, 2019 and less favorable in a falling rate environment for the same time periods. One factor explaining this 
year-over-year  difference  is  the  general  level  of  market  interest  rates.  A  parallel  downward  interest  rate  shock  would  further 
compress the yields on assets and liabilities, while a parallel upward interest rate shock would widen the spread between yields on 
assets and liabilities. 

Net interest income at risk exceeded policy limits in the -200 bp, -300 bp and -400 bp parallel instantaneous interest rate shock 
scenarios. The policy violations in these scenarios are driven largely by the general level or market interest rates described in the 
preceding  paragraph  as  well  as  the  Company's  cost  of  funding.  The  Company's  deposit  costs  are  low  and  have  little  room  to 
reprice to a lower interest rate in a falling rate environment. However, the Company's floating rate assets are exposed to the full 
effect of repricing to a lower interest rate in a falling rate environment.

The  paragraph  above  discusses  net  interest  income  at  risk  in  various  shock  scenarios;  scenarios  in  which  interest  rates 
immediately move by a large margin. The Company's net interest income profile exhibits declining net interest income when rates 
fall  gradually,  but  the  impact  is  not  as  extreme  as  is  suggested  in  a  shock  scenario.  Essentially,  a  gradual  interest  rate  decline 
scenario smooths the impact of falling rates over a 12 or 24 month period. The Company's expectation is that over any given one 
to two year period, interest rates will likely move at a gradual pace.

As interest rates fall, mortgage companies experience a higher volume of loan originations and refinance activity. This benefit is 
not reflected in measures of net interest income at risk, as origination and refinance activity was classified as fee income prior to 
the combination with ICM. This increase in fee income represents a benefit to net income that offsets the losses to net interest 
income  experienced  in  a  falling  rate  environment.  After  the  ICM  combination,  the  income  related  to  loan  originations  and 
refinance activity is reflected as income from an equity method investment.

The measures of equity value at risk indicate the ongoing economic value of the Company by considering the effects of changes 
in interest rates on all of the Company’s cash flows and by discounting the cash flows to estimate the present value of assets and 
liabilities.  The  difference  between  these  discounted  values  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  is  the  economic  value  of  equity,  which 
theoretically approximates the fair value of the Company’s net assets.

Estimated Changes in Economic Value of Equity (EVE)
Change in interest rates
Policy Limit
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2019

 35.0 %
 2.7 %
 10.6 %

 25.0 %
 3.8 %
 8.6 %

+300 bp

+400 bp

+200 bp

+100 bp

-100 bp

-200 bp

-300 bp

-400 bp

 17.0 %
 5.0 %
 6.7 %

 12.0 %
 3.0 %
 5.0 %

 12.0 %
 (3.1) %
 (15.1) %

 17.0 %
 4.1 %
 (36.8) %

 25.0 %
 14.8 %
 (44.1) %

 35.0 %
 20.0 %
 (32.5) %

The EVE at risk in down rate scenarios increased at December 31, 2020, when compared to December 31, 2019. The increase in 
economic value of equity in rising rate environments is largely attributable to the effect that an increase in interest rates has on the 
present  value  of  non-interest-bearing  deposits.  The  discount  rate  for  non-interest-bearing  deposits  rises  as  interest  rates  rise;  
however, these deposits pay a rate of zero. The cost of these liabilities does not increase as interest rates rise, but the discount rate 

56

applied to the expected future cash flows of these liabilities increases with interest rates. Any increase in the market rates used to 
discount  the  cash  flows  of  these  liabilities  reduces  the  present  value  of  these  liabilities.  The  decrease  in  present  value  of  these 
liabilities results in a net increase to economic value of equity. A falling rate environment would result in a higher net present 
value for these liabilities and would lead to a net decrease to economic value of equity.  

Additionally, interest-bearing deposits contribute to the large declines in economic value of equity in falling rate environments as 
a result of their low cost. Interest-bearing deposit costs are modeled with a floor of zero, meaning that the interest rates paid on 
deposits  cannot  be  negative.  In  the  event  of  a  large  downward  interest  rate  shock,  deposit  costs  would  not  move  below  zero. 
However, the discount rates applied to the expected future cash flows of these deposits could sustain a large decline in interest 
rates  before  reaching  zero.  This  has  the  effect  of  increasing  the  present  value  of  the  interest-bearing-deposit  liability  and 
ultimately decreasing economic value of equity.

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  introduced  a  great  degree  of  uncertainty  to  both  the  global  and  domestic  economy  as  well  as 
financial markets. The extent and magnitude of the economic slowdown occurring as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic is still 
unknown.  Financial  markets  adjusted  dramatically  to  the  reduced  economic  activity  and  the  pace  of  recovery  is  uncertain.  The 
financial  market  benchmark  most  relevant  to  the  Company’s  current  and  future  profitability  is  the  United  States  Government 
Treasury yield curve. The United States Government Treasury yield curve is used as a basis for the pricing of most bonds, loans, 
borrowings, deposits and other fixed income yield curves. The United States Government Treasury yield curve has experienced a 
large,  relatively  parallel,  downward  shift.  Given  the  Company’s  asset  sensitive  position,  management  expects  that  net  interest 
income  will  decline.  As  the  outlook  for  the  COVID-19  pandemic  improves,  management  expects  that  the  United  States 
Government Treasury curve will experience some degree of an upward shift over time.

Credit Risk

The Company has counter-party risk which may arise from the possible inability of third-party investors to meet the terms of their 
forward sales contracts. The Company works with third-party investors that are generally well-capitalized, are investment grade 
and exhibit strong financial performance to mitigate this risk. The Company monitors the financial condition of these third parties 
on an annual basis and the Company does not expect these third parties to fail to meet their obligations.

Management  expects  that  some  clients  will  be  unable  to  meet  their  financial  obligations  in  the  near-term  as  a  result  of  the 
decreased  economic  activity  brought  on  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  However,  management  does  not  expect  that  these  credit 
concerns will perpetuate indefinitely. Many clients may be eligible to defer loan payments to a later date. Management is working 
to incorporate scenarios that reflect decreased loan cash flows in the short term into the Company’s interest rate risk models.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The  consolidated  financial  statements  and  related  notes  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP,  which  generally 
requires  the  measurement  of  financial  position  and  operating  results  in  terms  of  historical  dollars  without  consideration  for 
changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased 
cost of operations. Unlike industrial companies, the Company's assets and liabilities are primarily monetary in nature. As a result, 
changes in market interest rates have a greater impact on performance than the effects of inflation.

57

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

58

Report	of	Independent	Registered	Public	Accounting	Firm

To	the	Stockholders	and	the	Board	of	Directors	of	MVB	Financial	Corp.

Opinion	on	the	Consolidated	Financial	Statements	

We	 have	 audited	 the	 accompanying	 consolidated	 balance	 sheets	 of	 MVB	 Financial	 Corp.	 and	 Subsidiaries	 (the	
"Company")	as	of	December	31,	2020	and	2019,	the	related	consolidated	statements	of	income,	comprehensive	
income,	changes	in	stockholders'	equity,	and	cash	flows,	for	each	of	the	three	years	in	the	period	ended	December	
31,	2020,	and	the	related	notes	(collectively	referred	to	as	the	"financial	statements").	In	our	opinion,	the	financial	
statements	present	fairly,	in	all	material	respects,	the	financial	position	of	the	Company	as	of	December	31,	2020	
and	2019,	and	the	results	of	their	operations	and	their	cash	flows	for	each	of	the	three	years	in	the	period	ended	
December	31,	2020,	in	conformity	with	U.S.	generally	accepted	accounting	principles.

We	 also	 have	 audited,	 in	 accordance	 with	 the	 standards	 of	 the	 Public	 Company	 Accounting	 Oversight	 Board	
(United	States)	("PCAOB"),	the	Company's	internal	control	over	financial	reporting	as	of	December	31,	2020,	based	
on	criteria	established	in	Internal	Control	-	Integrated	Framework	(2013)	issued	by	the	Committee	of	Sponsoring	
Organizations	of	the	Treadway	Commission	and	our	report	dated	March	9,	2021	expressed	an	unqualified	opinion	
thereon.	

Basis	for	Opinion	

These	financial	statements	are	the	responsibility	of	the	Company's	management.	Our	responsibility	is	to	express	an	
opinion	 on	 the	 Company's	 financial	 statements	 based	 on	 our	 audits.	 We	 are	 a	 public	 accounting	 firm	 registered	
with	 the	 PCAOB	 and	 are	 required	 to	 be	 independent	 with	 respect	 to	 the	 Company	 in	 accordance	 with	 the	 U.S.	
federal	securities	laws	and	the	applicable	rules	and	regulations	of	the	Securities	and	Exchange	Commission	and	the	
PCAOB.	

We	conducted	our	audits	in	accordance	with	the	standards	of	the	PCAOB.	Those	standards	require	that	we	plan	
and	perform	the	audit	to	obtain	reasonable	assurance	about	whether	the	financial	statements	are	free	of	material	
misstatement,	whether	due	to	error	or	fraud.	

Our	 audits	 included	 performing	 procedures	 to	 assess	 the	 risks	 of	 material	 misstatement	 of	 the	 financial	
statements,	 whether	 due	 to	 error	 or	 fraud,	 and	 performing	 procedures	 that	 respond	 to	 those	 risks.	 Such	
procedures	 included	 examining,	 on	 a	 test	 basis,	 evidence	 regarding	 the	 amounts	 and	 disclosures	 in	 the	 financial	
statements.	Our	audits	also	included	evaluating	the	accounting	principles	used	and	significant	estimates	made	by	
management,	as	well	as	evaluating	the	overall	presentation	of	the	financial	statements.	We	believe	that	our	audits	
provide	a	reasonable	basis	for	our	opinion.

Critical	Audit	Matters
The	 critical	 audit	 matters	 communicated	 below	 are	 matters	 arising	 from	 the	 current	 period	 audit	 of	 the	
consolidated	 financial	 statements	 that	 were	 communicated	 or	 required	 to	 be	 communicated	 to	 the	 audit	
committee	and	that:	(1)	relate	to	accounts	or	disclosures	that	are	material	to	the	consolidated	financial	statements	
and	(2)	involved	our	especially	challenging,	subjective,	or	complex	judgments.	The	communication	of	critical	audit	
matters	does	not	alter	in	any	way	our	opinion	on	the	consolidated	financial	statements,	taken	as	a	whole,	and	we	
are	 not,	 by	 communicating	 the	 critical	 audit	 matters	 below,	 providing	 separate	 opinions	 on	 the	 critical	 audit	
matters	or	on	the	accounts	or	disclosures	to	which	they	relate.

59

Allowance	for	Loan	Losses

As	described	in	Notes	1	and	3	to	the	consolidated	financial	statements,	the	Company’s	allowance	for	loan	losses	
(“allowance”)	 balance	 was	 $25.8	 million	 on	 gross	 loans	 of	 $1.45	 billion	 as	 of	 December	 31,	 2020,	 and	 consisted	
primarily	 of	 specific	 and	 general	 components.	 	 The	 specific	 component	 relates	 to	 loans	 that	 are	 impaired.	 The	
general	component	covers	all	loans	that	are	not	impaired	and	is	based	upon	historical	loss	experience	adjusted	for	
qualitative	 factors.	 The	 amount	 of	 the	 allowance	 is	 based	 on	 management’s	 continuing	 evaluation	 of	 the	 risk	
characteristics	and	credit	quality	of	the	loan	portfolio,	assessment	of	current	economic	conditions,	diversification	
and	 size	 of	 the	 portfolio,	 adequacy	 of	 collateral,	 past	 and	 anticipated	 loss	 experience	 and	 the	 amount	 of	 non-
performing	 loans	 	 	 Certain	 qualitative	 factors	 are	 evaluated	 to	 determine	 additional	 inherent	 risks	 in	 the	 loan	
portfolio,	 which	 are	 not	 necessarily	 reflected	 in	 the	 historical	 loss	 percentages.	 	 	 The	 allowance	 evaluation	 s	
inherently	 subjective	 as	 it	 requires	 estimates	 that	 are	 susceptible	 to	 significant	 revision	 as	 more	 information	
becomes	available.

We	identified	the	Company’s	estimate	of	the	allowance	as	a	critical	audit	matter.	The	principal	considerations	for	
our	 determination	 of	 the	 allowance	 as	 a	 critical	 audit	 matter	 included	 the	 degree	 of	 subjectivity	 and	 judgment	
required	 to	 audit	 management’s	 identification	 of	 impaired	 loans	 and	 quantification	 of	 the	 related	 allowance,	 as	
well	as	management’s	selection	of	assumptions	for	the	general	component	of	the	allowance.		This	was	particularly	
true	 for	 the	 assumptions	 that	 management	 utilized	 in	 determining	 and	 applying	 the	 qualitative	 factors	 in	 the	
allowance	model,	as	well	as	the	level	assigned	by	management	for	each	qualitative	factor.	

The	primary	audit	procedures	we	performed	to	address	this	critical	audit	matter	included:

• We	 obtained	 an	 understanding	 of	 the	 Company’s	 process	 for	 establishing	 the	 allowance,	 including	

understanding	any	changes	that	occurred	within	the	model	during	2020.

• We	 evaluated	 the	 design	 and	 tested	 the	 operating	 effectiveness	 of	 key	 controls	 relating	 to	 the	 Company’s	

allowance,	including	controls	over:

m The	identification	of	impaired	loans	and	resulting	specific	allowance,	if	necessary:

m The	determination	of	qualitative	factors;	and	

m

Management’s	 review	 and	 approval	 of	 the	 allowance	 model	 and	 resulting	 estimate,	 including	 the	
qualitative	components.

• We	 evaluated	 the	 reasonableness	 of	 management’s	 estimates	 and	 judgments	 related	 to	 the	 qualitative	
factors	 and	 the	 resulting	 allocation	 to	 the	 allowance.	 This	 included	 evaluating	 the	 appropriateness	 of	 the	
methodologies	 used	 by	 management	 to	 estimate	 the	 qualitative	 factor	 components	 of	 the	 allowance,	
including	evaluating	the	appropriateness	and	completeness	of	risk	factors	used	in	determining	the	qualitative	
factors.

• We	performed	analytical	procedures	on	the	overall	level	and	various	components	of	the	allowance,	including	
historical	reserves,	qualitative	reserves	and	specific	reserves,	as	well	as	credit	quality	to	ensure	movement	in	
a	 directionally	 consistent	 manner	 relative	 to	 credit	 quality	 indicators	 and	 changes	 in	 the	 Company’s	 loan	
portfolio.

• We	tested	the	completeness	of	impaired	loans,	including	testing	the	modification	for	potential	troubled	debt	

restructurings,	substandard	or	worse	rated	loans,	non-accrual	loans,	and	past	due	loans.

• We	tested	the	calculation	of	losses	on	a	sample	of	impaired	loans,	including	assessing	the	reasonableness	of	
the	 significant	 assumptions	 including	 any	 adjustments	 made	 to	 appraisals	 for	 discounts,	 selling	 costs,	 and	
other	unobservable	adjustments.

Business	Combinations	–	Fair	Value	of	Acquired	Loans

As	described	in	Note	24,	in	April	2020	the	Company	completed	its	acquisition	of	certain	assets	and	the	assumption	
of	 certain	 liabilities	 of	 The	 First	 State	 Bank,	 resulting	 in	 a	 bargain	 purchase	 gain	 of	 $4.7	 million.	 The	 Company	
accounted	 for	 this	 acquisition	 under	 the	 acquisition	 method	 of	 accounting,	 whereby	 the	 assets	 acquired	 and	
liabilities	 assumed	 were	 recorded	 by	 the	 Company	 at	 fair	 value.	 Management	 made	 significant	 estimates	 and	

60

exercised	 significant	 judgement	 in	 accounting	 for	 the	 acquisition	 of	 The	 First	 State	 Bank.	 In	 determining	 the	 fair	
value	of	loans	acquired,	management	segmented	the	loan	portfolio	based	on	whether	or	not	acquired	loans	have	
evidence	of	credit	deterioration	at	acquisition	(purchased	credit	impaired	loans	and	purchased	performing	loans).		
The	valuation	of	the	loans	included	an	independent	third	party	and	took	into	consideration	the	loans'	underlying	
characteristics,	including	account	types,	remaining	terms,	annual	interest	rates,	interest	types,	past	delinquencies,	
timing	of	principal	and	interest	payments,	current	market	rates,	loan	to	value	ratios,	loss	exposures	and	remaining	
balances.	

We	identified	the	Company’s	estimate	of	the	acquisition	date	fair	value	of	acquired	loans	as	a	critical	audit	matter.			
The	principal	considerations	for	that	determination	is	the	high	degree	of	auditor	judgement	involved	in	evaluating	
the	 probability	 of	 default	 and	 loss	 given	 default	 for	 loans	 identified	 with	 credit	 deterioration	 and	 the	 need	 for	
specialized	skill	in	development	and	application	of	subjective	assumptions	in	estimated	cash	flows.

The	primary	audit	procedures	we	performed	to	address	this	critical	audit	matter	included	the	following:

• We	evaluated	the	design	and	tested	the	operating	effectiveness	of	controls	relating	the	valuation	of	acquired	

loans,	including	controls	over:

m

m

The	 Company’s	 assumptions	 regarding	 specific	 credit	 losses	 of	 the	 acquired	 portfolio	 provided	 to	 the	
independent	third	party;

Management’s	 review	 and	 approval	 of	 the	 significant	 assumptions	 utilized	 by	 the	 independent	 third	
party;	and

m Management’s	review	of	the	results	of	valuations	provided	by	the	independent	third	party.

• We	tested	the	completeness	and	accuracy	of	loans	determined	to	have	credit	deterioration	at	acquisition	and	

evaluated	the	reasonableness	of	the	criteria	utilized	by	management	in	the	determination.

• We	 evaluated	 the	 significant	 assumptions	 and	 methods	 utilized	 in	 developing	 the	 fair	 value	 of	 the	 loan	
portfolio,	including	assessment	of	significant	assumptions,	and	evaluated	whether	the	assumptions	used	were	
reasonable.	

• We	involved	the	firm’s	valuation	specialists	to	assist	in	testing	the	Company’s	calculation	of	fair	value	of	the	
loan	 portfolio	 acquired	 and	 certain	 significant	 assumptions,	 including	 among	 other	 assumptions,	 discount	
rates,	prepayment	speeds,	probability	of	defaults	and	loss	given	default,	and	foreclosure	lags.

• We	 tested	 the	 completeness	 and	 accuracy	 of	 the	 data	 utilized	 in	 the	 fair	 value	 determination	 by	 the	
independent	 third-party,	 including	 reconciling	 the	 loan	 portfolio	 to	 the	 loan	 trial	 balance,	 	 confirming	 a	
sample	of	loans	with	the	customer,	and	tracing	select	attributes	from	the	loan	system	for	a	sample	of	loans	to	
the	loan	data	utilized	in	the	independent	third-party	valuation.

/s/	DIXON	HUGHES	GOODMAN	LLP

We	have	served	as	the	Company's	auditor	since	2014.	

Tampa,	Florida
March	9,	2021

61

Report	of	Independent	Registered	Public	Accounting	Firm

To	the	Stockholders	and	the	Board	of	Directors	of	MVB	Financial	Corp.

Opinion	on	Internal	Control	Over	Financial	Reporting

We	have	audited	MVB	Financial	Corp.	and	Subsidiaries	(the	“Company”)’s	internal	control	over	financial	reporting	
as	of	December	31,	2020,	based	on	criteria	established	in	Internal	Control—Integrated	Framework	(2013)	issued	by	
the	 Committee	 of	 Sponsoring	 Organizations	 of	 the	 Treadway	 Commission.	 In	 our	 opinion,	 the	 Company	
maintained,	 in	 all	 material	 respects,	 effective	 internal	 control	 over	 financial	 reporting	 as	 of	 December	 31,	 2020,	
based	 on	 criteria	 established	 in	 Internal	 Control—Integrated	 Framework	 (2013)	 issued	 by	 the	 Committee	 of	
Sponsoring	Organizations	of	the	Treadway	Commission.

We	 also	 have	 audited,	 in	 accordance	 with	 the	 standards	 of	 the	 Public	 Company	 Accounting	 Oversight	 Board	
(United	 States)	 (“PCAOB”),	 the	 consolidated	 financial	 statements	 of	 the	 Company	 as	 of	 December	 31,	 2020	 and	
2019,	 and	 for	 each	 of	 the	 three	 years	 in	 the	 period	 ended	 December	 31,	 2020,	 and	 our	 report	 dated	 March,	 9,	
2021,	expressed	an	unqualified	opinion	on	those	consolidated	financial	statements.

Basis	for	Opinion

The	Company's	management	is	responsible	for	maintaining	effective	internal	control	over	financial	reporting,	and	
for	its	assessment	of	the	effectiveness	of	internal	control	over	financial	reporting,	included	in	the	accompanying	
Management’s	Report	on	Internal	Control	over	Financial	Reporting.	Our	responsibility	is	to	express	an	opinion	on	
the	 Company's	 internal	 control	 over	 financial	 reporting	 based	 on	 our	 audit.	 We	 are	 a	 public	 accounting	 firm	
registered	with	the	PCAOB	and	are	required	to	be	independent	with	respect	to	the	Company	in	accordance	with	
the	U.S.	federal	securities	laws	and	the	applicable	rules	and	regulations	of	the	Securities	and	Exchange	Commission	
and	the	PCAOB.

We	conducted	our	audit	in	accordance	with	the	standards	of	the	PCAOB.	Those	standards	require	that	we	plan	and	
perform	the	audit	to	obtain	reasonable	assurance	about	whether	effective	internal	control	over	financial	reporting	
was	 maintained	 in	 all	 material	 respects.	 Our	 audit	 included	 obtaining	 an	 understanding	 of	 internal	 control	 over	
financial	 reporting,	 assessing	 the	 risk	 that	 a	 material	 weakness	 exists,	 testing	 and	 evaluating	 the	 design	 and	
operating	effectiveness	of	internal	control	based	on	the	assessed	risk,	and	performing	such	other	procedures	as	we	
considered	necessary	in	the	circumstances.	We	believe	that	our	audit	provides	a	reasonable	basis	for	our	opinion.
As	 described	 in	 Management’s	 Annual	 Report	 on	 Internal	 Control	 over	 Financial	 Reporting,	 the	 scope	 of	
management’s	assessment	of	internal	control	over	financial	reporting	as	of	December	31,	2020	has	excluded	The	
First	State	Bank	acquired	on	April	3,	2020.	We	have	also	excluded	The	First	State	Bank	from	the	scope	of	our	audit	
of	internal	control	over	financial	reporting.	The	First	State	Bank	represented	five	percent	of	consolidated	revenues	
for	the	year	ended	December	31,	2020,	and	two	percent	of	consolidated	total	assets	as	of	December	31,	2020.

62

Definition	and	Limitations	of	Internal	Control	Over	Financial	Reporting

A	 company's	 internal	 control	 over	 financial	 reporting	 is	 a	 process	 designed	 to	 provide	 reasonable	 assurance	
regarding	the	reliability	of	financial	reporting	and	the	preparation	of	financial	statements	for	external	purposes	in	
accordance	 with	 generally	 accepted	 accounting	 principles.	 A	 company's	 internal	 control	 over	 financial	 reporting	
includes	those	policies	and	procedures	that	(1)	pertain	to	the	maintenance	of	records	that,	in	reasonable	detail,	
accurately	and	fairly	reflect	the	transactions	and	dispositions	of	the	assets	of	the	company;	(2)	provide	reasonable	
assurance	that	transactions	are	recorded	as	necessary	to	permit	preparation	of	financial	statements	in	accordance	
with	generally	accepted	accounting	principles,	and	that	receipts	and	expenditures	of	the	company	are	being	made	
only	in	accordance	with	authorizations	of	management	and	directors	of	the	company;	and	(3)	provide	reasonable	
assurance	 regarding	 prevention	 or	 timely	 detection	 of	 unauthorized	 acquisition,	 use,	 or	 disposition	 of	 the	
company's	assets	that	could	have	a	material	effect	on	the	financial	statements.

Because	 of	 its	 inherent	 limitations,	 internal	 control	 over	 financial	 reporting	 may	 not	 prevent	 or	 detect	
misstatements.	 Also,	 projections	 of	 any	 evaluation	 of	 effectiveness	 to	 future	 periods	 are	 subject	 to	 the	 risk	 that	
controls	 may	 become	 inadequate	 because	 of	 changes	 in	 conditions,	 or	 that	 the	 degree	 of	 compliance	 with	 the	
policies	or	procedures	may	deteriorate.

/s/	DIXON	HUGHES	GOODMAN	LLP

Tampa,	Florida
March	9,	2021

63

MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
December 31, 2020 and 2019

ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
     Cash and due from banks
     Interest-bearing balances with banks
     Total cash and cash equivalents
Certificates of deposit with banks
Investment securities available-for-sale
Equity securities
Loans held-for-sale

Loans receivable

Allowance for loan losses

Loans receivable, net
Premises and equipment, net
Bank-owned life insurance
Equity method investment
Accrued interest receivable and other assets
Assets of branches held-for-sale
Goodwill
TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
     Noninterest-bearing
     Interest-bearing
     Total deposits
Deposits of branches held-for-sale
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities
Repurchase agreements
FHLB and other borrowings
Subordinated debt
     Total liabilities

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

19,110  $ 
244,783 
263,893 
11,803 
410,624 
27,585 
1,062 

18,430 
9,572 
28,002 
12,549 
235,821 
18,514 
109,788 

1,453,744 
(25,844) 
1,427,900 
26,203 
41,262 
46,494 
72,300 
— 
2,350 
2,331,476  $ 

1,374,541 
(11,775) 
1,362,766 
21,974 
35,374 
— 
53,142 
46,554 
19,630 
1,944,114 

$ 

715,791  $ 

1,266,598 
1,982,389 
— 
55,931 
10,266 
— 
43,407 
2,091,993 

278,547 
986,495 
1,265,042 
188,270 
41,685 
10,172 
222,885 
4,124 
1,732,178 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock	- par value $1,000; 20,000 shares authorized; 733 shares issued and outstanding as of 
December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019

Common stock - par value $1; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 12,374,322 and 11,526,306 shares issued and 
outstanding, respectively, as of December 31, 2020 and 11,995,366 and 11,944,289 shares issued and 
outstanding, respectively, as of December 31, 2019
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Treasury stock	- 848,016 and 51,077 shares as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, 
at cost
     Total stockholders’ equity
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

7,334 

7,334 

12,374 
129,119 
105,171 
2,226 

11,995 
122,516 
72,496 
(1,321) 

(16,741) 
239,483 
2,331,476  $ 

(1,084) 
211,936 
1,944,114 

$ 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
Years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

INTEREST INCOME

Interest and fees on loans
Interest on deposits with banks
Interest on investment securities
Interest on tax-exempt loans and securities
Total interest income

INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits
Interest on short-term borrowings
Interest on subordinated debt
Total interest expense

NET INTEREST INCOME
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses

NONINTEREST INCOME
Mortgage fee income
Payment card and service charge income
Insurance and investment services income
Gain (loss) on sale of available-for-sale securities, net
Gain (loss) on sale of equity securities, net
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net
Holding gain on equity securities
Compliance consulting income
Equity method investment income
Gains on acquisition and divestiture activity
Other operating income
Total noninterest income

NONINTEREST EXPENSES

Salaries and employee benefits
Occupancy expense
Equipment depreciation and maintenance
Data processing and communications
Mortgage processing
Marketing, contributions and sponsorships
Professional fees
Insurance, tax and assessment expense
Travel, entertainment, dues and subscriptions
Other operating expenses
Total noninterest expense

Income from continuing operations, before income taxes
Income tax expense - continuing operations
Net income from continuing operations
Income from discontinued operations, before income taxes
Income tax expense - discontinued operations
Net income from discontinued operations
Net income
Preferred dividends
Net income available to common shareholders

Earnings per share from continuing operations - basic
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - basic
Earnings per common share - basic
Earnings per share from continuing operations - diluted
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - diluted
Earnings per common share - diluted
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted

2020

2019

2018

$ 

72,999  $ 
437 
2,448 
4,569 
80,453 

74,854  $ 
489 
3,055 
3,963 
82,361 

10,294 
1,072 
261 
11,627 

68,826 
16,579 
52,247 

33,427 
2,821 
872 
914 
3,501 
2,341 
374 
4,436 
24,174 
17,640 
1,337 
91,837 

61,629 
4,599 
3,672 
5,375 
1,744 
1,096 
8,453 
2,090 
3,390 
5,093 
97,141 
46,943 
9,532 
37,411 
— 
— 
— 
37,411  $ 
461 
36,950  $ 

3.13  $ 
—  $ 
3.13  $ 
3.06  $ 
—  $ 
3.06  $ 

17,439 
4,752 
770 
22,961 

59,400 
1,789 
57,611 

41,045 
1,980 
727 
(166) 
(7) 
1,253 
13,767 
921 
— 
— 
5,084 
64,604 

56,175 
4,816 
3,640 
4,025 
3,041 
1,290 
4,999 
1,663 
4,151 
3,401 
87,201 
35,014 
8,450 
26,564 
575 
148 
427 
26,991  $ 
479 
26,512  $ 

2.22  $ 
0.04  $ 
2.26  $ 
2.16  $ 
0.04  $ 
2.20  $ 

11,821,574 
12,088,106 

11,713,885 
12,044,667 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

62,468 
403 
3,580 
3,309 
69,760 

11,635 
4,315 
1,756 
17,706 

52,054 
2,440 
49,614 

32,337 
1,680 
716 
327 
— 
(278) 
590 
— 
— 
— 
3,268 
38,640 

46,224 
4,234 
3,239 
3,741 
3,551 
1,141 
3,559 
1,846 
2,808 
2,535 
72,878 
15,376 
3,373 
12,003 
— 
— 
— 
12,003 
489 
11,514 

1.04 
— 
1.04 
1.00 
— 
1.00 
11,030,984 
12,722,003 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Dollars in thousands)
Years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale
Income tax effect

Reclassification adjustment for (gain) loss recognized in income
Income tax effect

Change in defined benefit pension plan
Income tax effect

Reclassification adjustment for amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in income
Income tax effect

Reclassification adjustment for carrying value adjustment - investment hedge recognized in income
Income tax effect

2020

2019
$  37,411  $  26,991  $  12,003 

2018

6,979 
(1,635) 

8,498 
(2,294) 

(4,167) 
1,125 

(914) 
214 

166 
(44) 

(327) 
88 

(1,403) 
329 

(1,467) 
396 

420 
(98) 

(473) 
128 

271 
(73) 

44 
(12) 

(22) 
6 

306 
(83) 

— 
— 

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

3,547 

5,485 

(3,074) 

Comprehensive income

$  40,958  $  32,476  $ 

8,929 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
Years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

Preferred stock

Common stock

Shares Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional 
paid-in 
capital

Retained 
earnings

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income (loss)

Treasury stock

Shares Amount

Total 
stockholders' 
equity

Balance as of January 1, 2018

783  $  7,834 

 10,495,704  $  10,496  $ 

98,698  $  37,236  $ 

(2,988) 

  51,077  $  (1,084)  $ 

150,192 

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Cash dividends paid ($0.11 per 
share)

Dividends on preferred stock

Stock-based compensation

Common stock options exercised

Restricted stock units vested

Stranded AOCI

Mark-to-market on equity 
positions

Common stock issued from 
subordinated debt conversion, net 
of costs

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

162,666 

161 

— 

— 

— 

1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,267 

1,968 

(1) 

— 

— 

12,003 

— 

(1,220) 

(489) 

— 

— 

— 

646 

98 

— 

(3,074) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(646) 

(98) 

— 

  1,000,000 

1,000 

14,965 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

12,003 

(3,074) 

(1,220) 

(489) 

1,267 

2,129 

— 

— 

— 

15,965 

Balance as of December 31, 2018

783 

7,834 

 11,658,370 

  11,658 

116,897 

48,274 

(6,806) 

  51,077 

(1,084) 

176,773 

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Cash dividends paid ($0.195 per 
share)

Dividends on preferred stock

Stock-based compensation

Common stock options exercised

Restricted stock units vested

Common stock issued from 
subordinated debt conversion, net 
of costs

Common stock issued related to 
Chartwell acquisition

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

210,050 

9,576 

62,500 

54,870 

Redemption of preferred stock

(50)   

(500) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

210 

10 

62 

55 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,759 

1,954 

(10) 

938 

978 

— 

26,991 

— 

(2,290) 

(479) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5,485 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

26,991 

5,485 

(2,290) 

(479) 

1,759 

2,164 

— 

1,000 

1,033 

(500) 

Balance as of December 31, 2019

733 

7,334 

 11,995,366 

  11,995 

122,516 

72,496 

(1,321) 

  51,077 

(1,084) 

211,936 

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Cash dividends paid ($0.36 per 
share)

Dividends on preferred stock

Stock-based compensation

Common stock options exercised

Restricted stock units vested

Common stock repurchased

Common stock issued related to 
Paladin  acquisition

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

305,697 

306 

53,981 

— 

19,278 

54 

— 

19 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,353 

4,153 

(124) 

— 

221 

37,411 

— 

(4,275) 

(461) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

3,547 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

525 

(7) 

37,411 

3,547 

(4,275) 

(461) 

2,353 

4,459 

(77) 

 796,414 

  (15,650) 

(15,650) 

— 

— 

240 

Balance as of December 31, 2020

733  $  7,334 

 12,374,322  $  12,374  $  129,119  $  105,171  $ 

2,226 

 848,016  $ (16,741)  $ 

239,483 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
Years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
     Net amortization and accretion of investments
     Net amortization of deferred loan (fees) costs
     Provision for loan losses
     Depreciation and amortization
     Stock-based compensation
     Loans originated for sale
     Proceeds of loans sold
     Holding gain on equity securities
     Mortgage fee income
     Gain on sale of available-for-sale securities
     Loss on sale of available-for-sale securities
     Gain on sale of equity securities
     Loss on sale of equity securities
     Gain on sale of portfolio loans
     Gains on acquisition and divestiture activity
     Income on bank-owned life insurance, including death benefit proceeds in excess of cash surrender value
     Deferred taxes
     Amortization of operating lease right-of-use asset
     Equity method investment income
     Return on equity method investment
     Other assets
     Other liabilities
     Net cash from operating activities
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
     Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale
     Maturities/paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale
     Sales of investment securities available-for-sale

Purchases of premises and equipment, including premises and equipment included in assets of branches held-for-sale

     Disposals of premises and equipment
     Net increase in loans and loans included in assets of branches held-for-sale
     Purchases of restricted bank stock
     Redemptions of restricted bank stock
     Proceeds from sale of certificates of deposit with banks
     Purchases of certificates of deposit with banks
     Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned
     Purchase of bank-owned life insurance
     Proceeds from death benefit of bank-owned life insurance policies
     Purchase of equity securities
     Sales of equity securities
     Proceeds from divestitures
     Cash paid for acquisitions
     Net cash from investing activities
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
     Net increase in deposits and deposits in branches held-for-sale
     Net change in repurchase agreements
     Net change in FHLB and other borrowings
     Subordinated debt issuance (redemption)
     Subordinated debt issuance and conversion costs
     Common stock repurchased
     Preferred stock redemption
     Common stock options exercised
     Cash dividends paid on common stock
     Cash dividends paid on preferred stock
     Net cash from financing activities
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

68

2020

2019

2018

$ 

37,411  $ 

26,991  $ 

12,003 

1,892 
1,692 
16,579 
3,292 
2,353 
  (1,334,910) 
  1,477,063 
(374) 
(33,427) 
(948) 
34 
(3,501) 
— 
(332) 
(17,640) 
(888) 
(3,386) 
86 
(27,574) 
3,400 
(27,286) 
18,699 
112,235 

1,258 
(448) 
1,789 
3,260 
1,759 
  (1,604,825) 
  1,611,889 
(13,767) 
(41,045) 
(105) 
271 
— 
7 
(520) 
— 
(1,197) 
(3,953) 
10 
— 
— 
(14,753) 
25,317 
(8,062) 

1,293 
(324) 
2,440 
2,938 
1,267 
  (1,214,078) 
  1,237,402 
(590) 
(32,337) 
(352) 
25 
— 
— 
(198) 
— 
(1,182) 
139 
— 
— 
— 
(3,013) 
1,261 
6,694 

(269,790) 
64,493 
54,023 
(6,615) 
1,687 
(70,186) 
(25,831) 
38,048 
1,739 
(993) 
8,309 
(5,000) 
— 
(9,918) 
4,622 
(136,005) 
57,306 
(294,111) 

(70,984) 
33,583 
31,220 
(2,042) 
— 
(113,076) 
(49,600) 
45,853 
2,229 
— 
731 
(574) 
688 
(1,400) 
5,968 
— 
(2,651) 
(120,055) 

574,691 
94 
(180,283) 
40,000 
(717) 
(15,746) 
— 
4,464 
(4,275) 
(461) 
417,767 
235,891 
28,002 
$  263,893  $ 

144,158 
(4,753) 
7,998 
(12,400) 
— 
— 
(500) 
2,164 
(2,290) 
(479) 
133,898 
5,781 
22,221 
28,002  $ 

(31,068) 
25,748 
2,743 
(2,693) 
— 
(199,282) 
(29,370) 
25,681 
— 
— 
707 
(1,149) 
706 
(2,000) 
— 
— 
— 
(209,977) 

149,574 
(7,478) 
62,718 
— 
(35) 
— 
— 
2,129 
(1,220) 
(489) 
205,199 
1,916 
20,305 
22,221 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business combination non-cash disclosures:
     Assets acquired in business combinations (net of cash received)
     Liabilities assumed in business combination
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
     Loans transferred to other real estate owned
     Employee stock-based compensation tax withholding obligations
     Restricted stock units vested
     Common stock converted from subordinated debt
     Initial recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets
     Initial recognition of operating lease liabilities
     Common stock issued related to Paladin acquisition
Cash payments for:
     Interest on deposits, repurchase agreements and borrowings
     Income taxes

$ 

$ 

87,722  $ 
148,731 

3,389  $ 
855 

— 
— 

800  $ 
35 
49 
— 
— 
— 
240 

115  $ 
57 
10 
1,000 
12,935 
15,659 
— 

1,369 
161 
1 
15,965 
— 
— 
— 

$ 

12,271  $ 
11,966 

22,970  $ 

3,962 

17,277 
191 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business and Organization

The  Company  is  a  financial  holding  company  and  was  organized  as  a  West  Virginia  corporation  in  2003.  MVB  operates 
principally  through  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  the  Bank.  The  Bank’s  subsidiaries  include  MVB  Insurance,  MVB  CDC, 
Chartwell, Paladin Fraud and MVB Technology. 

MVB conducts a wide range of business activities, primarily CoRe banking. The Company also continues to be involved in new 
innovative  strategies  to  provide  independent  banking  to  corporate  clients  throughout  the  United  States  by  leveraging  recent 
investments in Fintech. MVB considers Fintech companies as those entities that use technology to electronically move funds. 

Since  the  formation  of  the  Bank,  the  Company  has  acquired  a  number  of  financial  institutions  and  other  financial  services 
businesses. Future acquisitions and divestitures will be consistent with the Company’s strategic direction. The Company's most 
recent acquisition and divestiture activity includes the following:

l In  September  2019,  the  Company  acquired  Chartwell,  based  from  Bethesda,  MD.  Chartwell  provides  integrated  regulatory 
compliance,  state  licensing,  financial  crimes  prevention  and  enterprise  risk  management  services  that  include  consulting, 
outsourcing,  testing  and  training  solutions.  Chartwell  has  expanded  its  services  to  both  Fintech  clients  and  banks,  in 
coordination  with  MVB  Bank’s  current  compliance  officers,  to  help  create  and  implement  strategy  and  provide  expert 
compliance resources with respect to new client due diligence.

l In November 2019, the Company entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with Summit Community Bank, Inc. 
(“Summit”), a subsidiary of Summit Financial Group, Inc., pursuant to which Summit purchased certain assets and assumed 
certain liabilities of three Bank branch locations in Berkeley County, WV, and one Bank branch location in Jefferson County, 
WV. The Company closed this transaction in April 2020.

l In  March  2020,  the  Bank  entered  into  an  Agreement  with  Intercoastal  Mortgage  Company,  a  Virginia  corporation 
(“Intercoastal”), and each of H. Edward Dean, III, Tom Pyne and Peter Cameron, providing for the combination of the Bank's 
mortgage  origination  services  and  Intercoastal.  The  transaction  closed  in  July  2020.  On  the  closing  date,  Intercoastal 
converted into a Virginia limited liability company and the Bank contributed certain of its assets and liabilities associated with 
its  mortgage  operations  to  Intercoastal  as  a  capital  contribution,  in  exchange  for  common  units  of  a  new  entity,  ICM, 
representing  47%  of  the  common  interest  of  ICM,  as  well  as  $7.5  million  in  preferred  units.  The  Company  recognizes  its 
ownership interest in ICM as an equity method investment.

l In April 2020, the Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 
(“FDIC”),  as  receiver  for  The  First  State  Bank,  Barboursville,  WV,  providing  for  the  assumption  by  the  Bank  of  certain 
liabilities and the purchase by the Bank of certain assets of First State. First State depositors automatically became depositors 
of the Bank and, subject to the insurance limitations, deposits will continue to be insured by the FDIC without interruption. In 
the Agreement, the Bank agreed to pay no deposit premium and to acquire the assets at a discount to book value. The Bank 
also acquired three branch locations in Barboursville, Teays Valley and Huntington, WV. 

l In  April  2020,  Paladin  Fraud  acquired  substantially  all  of  the  assets  and  certain  liabilities  of  Paladin,  LLC,  a  Washington 

limited liability company.

l In  August  2020,  MVB  Technology  entered  into  an  Asset  Purchase  Agreement  with  Invest  Forward,  Inc.,  a  Delaware 
corporation doing business as Grand. Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, MVB Technology acquired substantially all 
the  assets  of  Grand.  The  purchase  price  of  the  transaction  consisted  of  cash  totaling  $1.0  million,  plus  the  conversion  of 
MVB’s note with Invest Forward. 

Business Overview

Commercial and Retail Banking

The  Company’s  primary  business  activities,  which  are  conducted  through  the  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries,  are  primarily  CoRe 
banking. The Bank offers its customers a full range of products and services including:

l Various demand deposit accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts and certificates of deposit;

70

l Commercial, consumer and real estate mortgage loans and lines of credit;
l Debit cards;
l Cashier’s checks;
l Safe deposit rental facilities; and
l Non-deposit investment services offered through an association with a broker-dealer.

Fintech Banking

In addition to its CoRe banking activities, the Company is also involved in innovative strategies to provide independent banking 
to corporate clients throughout the United States by leveraging recent investments in Fintech. The dedicated Fintech sales team 
specializes  in  providing  banking  services  to  corporate  Fintech  clients,  with  an  overarching  focus  on  operational  risk  and 
compliance. Managing banking relationships with clients in the payments, digital savings, cryptocurrency, crowd funding, lottery 
and gaming industries is complex from both an operational and regulatory perspective. 

COVID-19 Pandemic

During  2020,  economies  throughout  the  world  have  been  severely  disrupted  as  a  result  of  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19.  The 
outbreak and any preventative or protective actions that the Company or its clients may take in respect of this virus may result in a 
period  of  disruption,  including  the  Company’s  financial  reporting  capabilities,  its  operations  generally  and  could  potentially 
impact the Company’s clients, providers and third parties. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the Company’s 
future operating results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. 

Basis of Presentation

The  financial  statements  are  consolidated  to  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company,  its  subsidiary,  MVB  Bank  and  the  Bank’s 
wholly-owned  subsidiaries.  These  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP  and  practices  in  the  banking 
industry. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and 
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period. Estimates are based on known facts and circumstances and actual 
results  could  differ  significantly  from  those  estimates.  Material  estimates  that  are  particularly  susceptible  to  significant  change 
relate  to  determination  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses,  purchased  credit  impaired  loans,  derivative  instruments,  goodwill  and 
deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Unconsolidated investments where the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial 
policies  of  the  respective  investee  are  accounted  for  using  the  equity  method  of  accounting;  those  that  are  not  consolidated  or 
accounted for using the equity method of accounting are accounted for under cost or fair value accounting. For these investments 
accounted  for  under  the  equity  method,  the  Company  records  its  investment  in  non-consolidated  affiliates  and  the  portion  of 
income  or  loss  in  equity  in  earnings  of  non-consolidated  affiliates.  The  Company  periodically  evaluates  these  investments  for 
impairment. As of December 31, 2020, the Company holds one equity method investment.

Certain amounts in the 2019 and 2018 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2020 financial 
statement presentation and there was no change to net income.

The  Company  has  evaluated  subsequent  events  for  potential  recognition  and/or  disclosure  through  the  date  these  consolidated 
financial statements were issued.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash  equivalents  include  cash  on  hand,  deposits  in  banks  and  interest-earning  deposits.  Interest-earning  deposits  with  original 
maturities  of  90  days  or  less  are  considered  cash  equivalents.  Net  cash  flows  are  reported  for  loans,  deposits  and  short-term 
borrowing transactions.

71

Investment Securities

Investment securities at the time of purchase are classified as one of the following:

Available-for-Sale Securities - Includes debt that will be held for indefinite periods of time. These securities may be sold in 
response  to  changes  in  market  interest  or  prepayment  rates,  needs  for  liquidity  and  changes  in  the  availability  of  and  yield  of 
alternative investments. Such securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses excluded from earnings 
and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of estimated income tax effect.

Equity Securities - Includes equity securities that are adjusted to fair value on a monthly basis, with the change in value recorded 
directly  on  the  income  statement.  The  Company  has  elected  to  measure  the  equity  securities  without  readily  determinable  fair 
values  at  cost  minus  impairment,  if  any,  plus  or  minus  changes  resulting  from  observable  price  changes  for  underlying 
transactions for identical or similar investments of new issues.

The amortized cost of investment in debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, computed 
by a method that results in a level yield. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities are computed on the basis of specific 
identification of the adjusted cost of each security.

Securities are periodically reviewed for other-than-temporary impairment. For debt securities, management considers whether the 
present value of future cash flows expected to be collected are less than the security’s amortized cost basis (the difference defined 
as the credit loss), the magnitude and duration of the decline, the reasons underlying the decline and the Company’s intent to sell 
the security or whether it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell the security before its anticipated 
recovery in market value, to determine whether the loss in value is other than temporary. If a decline in value is determined to be 
other than temporary, if the Company does not intend to sell the security, and it is more-likely-than-not that it will not be required 
to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost basis, the charge to earnings is limited to the amount of credit 
loss.  Any  remaining  difference  between  fair  value  and  amortized  cost  (the  difference  defined  as  the  non-credit  portion)  is 
recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income,  net  of  applicable  taxes.  A  decline  in  value  that  is  considered  to  be  other-than-
temporary is recorded as a loss within noninterest income in the consolidated statement of income.

The  Bank  is  a  member  of  the  FHLB  of  Pittsburgh  and  as  such,  is  required  to  maintain  a  minimum  investment  in  stock  of  the 
FHLB that varies with the level of advances outstanding with the FHLB. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Bank holds $2.8 
million and $15.0 million, respectively, which is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets. The stock is bought from 
and sold to the FHLB based upon its $100 par value. The stock does not have a readily determinable fair value and as such is 
classified  as  restricted  stock,  carried  at  cost  and  evaluated  by  management.  The  stock’s  value  is  determined  by  the  ultimate 
recoverability  of  the  par  value  rather  than  by  recognizing  temporary  declines.  The  determination  of  whether  the  par  value  will 
ultimately  be  recovered  is  influenced  by  criteria  such  as  the  following:  (a)  a  significant  decline  in  net  assets  of  the  FHLB  as 
compared to the capital stock amount and the length of time this situation has persisted; (b) commitments by the FHLB to make 
payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance; (c) the impact of 
legislative and regulatory changes on the customer base of the FHLB; and (d) the liquidity position of the FHLB. Management 
evaluated the stock and concluded that the stock was not impaired for the periods presented herein.

Management  considered  that  the  FHLB’s  regulatory  capital  ratios  have  improved  in  the  most  recent  quarters,  liquidity  appears 
adequate, new shares of FHLB stock continue to exchange hands at the $100 par value and the FHLB has repurchased shares of 
excess capital stock from its members during 2020 and 2019.

Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans  are  stated  at  the  amount  of  unpaid  principal  reduced  by  an  allowance  for  loan  losses.  Loans  are  considered  non-accrual 
when scheduled principal or interest payments are 90 days past due. Interest income on loans is recognized on an accrual basis. 
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level deemed adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. 
The Company consistently applies a quarterly loan review process to continually evaluate loans for changes in credit risk. This 
process serves as the primary means by which the Company evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, and is based 
upon periodic review of the collectability of loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, 
adverse  situations  that  may  affect  the  borrower’s  ability  to  repay,  estimated  value  of  any  underlying  collateral  and  prevailing 
economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as 
more information becomes available.

The  allowance  consists  of  specific  and  general  components.  The  specific  component  relates  to  loans  that  are  impaired.  The 

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general  component  covers  all  loans  that  are  not  impaired,  and  is  based  upon  historical  loss  experience  adjusted  for  qualitative 
factors.

The Company allocates the allowance based on the factors described below, which conform to the Company’s loan classification 
policy. In reviewing risk within the loan portfolio, management has determined there to be several different risk categories within 
the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses consists of amounts applicable to: (i) residential real estate loans; (ii) commercial 
and commercial real estate secured loans; (iii) home equity loans; and (iv) consumer and other loans. Factors considered in this 
process include general loan terms, collateral and availability of historical data to support the analysis. Historical loss percentages 
for each loan category are calculated and used as the basis for calculating allowance allocations. Certain qualitative factors are 
evaluated  to  determine  additional  inherent  risks  in  the  loan  portfolio,  which  are  not  necessarily  reflected  in  the  historical  loss 
percentages. These factors are then added to the historical allocation percentages to get the adjusted factor to be applied to non-
classified loans on a weighted basis, by risk grade. The following qualitative factors are analyzed:

l Lending policies and procedures
l Nature and volume of the portfolio
l Experience and ability of lending management and staff
l Volume and severity of problem credits
l Quality of the loan review system
l Conclusions of loan reviews, audits and exams
l National, state, regional and local economic trends and business conditions
l General economic conditions
l Unemployment rates
l Inflation / Consumer Price Index
l Value of underlying collateral
l Existence and effect of any credit concentrations
l Consumer sentiment
l Other external factors

The Company analyzes its loan portfolio each quarter to determine the appropriateness of its allowance for loan losses.

A loan that has deteriorated and requires additional collection efforts by the Bank could warrant non-accrual status. A thorough 
review is presented to the Chief Credit Officer and/or the Special Assets Review Committee (“SARC”), as required with respect 
to any loan which is in a collection process and to make a determination as to whether the loan should be placed on non-accrual 
status.  The  placement  of  loans  on  non-accrual  status  is  subject  to  applicable  regulatory  restrictions  and  guidelines.  Generally, 
loans should be placed in non-accrual status when the loan reaches 90 days past due, when it becomes likely the borrower cannot 
or will not make scheduled principal or interest payments, when full repayment of principal and interest is not expected, or when 
the loan displays potential loss characteristics. Normally, all accrued interest is charged off when a loan is placed in non-accrual 
status,  unless  Management  believes  it  is  likely  the  accrued  interest  will  be  collected.  Any  payments  subsequently  received  are 
applied to principal. To remove a loan from non-accrual status, all principal and interest due must be paid up to date and the Bank 
is reasonably sure of future satisfactory payment performance. Usually, this requires a six-month recent history of payments due. 
Removal of a loan from non-accrual status will require the approval of the Chief Credit Officer and/or SARC.

Loans  are  considered  to  be  impaired  when,  based  on  current  information  and  events,  it  is  probable  that  the  Company  will  be 
unable  to  collect  the  scheduled  payments  of  principal  or  interest  when  due  according  to  the  contractual  terms  of  the  loan 
agreement.  Factors  considered  by  management  in  evaluating  impairment  include  payment  status,  collateral  value  and  the 
probability  of  collecting  scheduled  principal  and  interest  payments  when  due.  Management  determines  the  significance  of 
payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the 
loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the 
amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. The Company also separately evaluates individual consumer 
loans  for  impairment.  Loans  are  identified  individually  by  monitoring  the  delinquency  status  of  the  Bank’s  portfolio.  Once 
identified, the Bank’s ongoing communications with the borrower allow evaluation of the significance of the payment delays and 
the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower.

Once  the  determination  has  been  made  that  a  loan  is  impaired,  the  amount  of  the  impairment  is  measured  using  one  of  three 
valuation  methods:  (a)  the  present  value  of  expected  future  cash  flows  discounted  at  the  loan’s  effective  interest  rate;  (b)  the 
loan’s observable market price; or (c) the fair value of the collateral less selling costs. The method is selected on a loan-by-loan 

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basis,  with  management  primarily  utilizing  the  fair  value  of  collateral  method.  The  evaluation  of  the  need  and  amount  of  a 
specific allocation of the allowance and whether a loan can be removed from impairment status is made on a quarterly basis.

The Company defers loan origination and commitment fees and direct loan origination costs and the net amount is amortized as 
an adjustment of the related loan’s yield.

Purchased Credit Impaired Loans

The  Company  may  purchase  individual  loans  and  groups  of  loans,  some  of  which  have  shown  evidence  of  credit  deterioration 
since origination. These PCI loans are recorded at the amount paid, such that there is no carryover of the seller's allowance for 
loan losses. 

After  acquisition,  losses  are  recognized  by  an  increase  in  the  allowance  for  loan  losses.  Such  PCI  loans  are  accounted  for 
individually or aggregated into pools of loans based on common risk characteristics, such as credit score, loan type and date of 
origination. The Company estimates the amount and timing of expected cash flows for each loan or pool and the expected cash 
flows in excess of amount paid is recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan or pool (accretable yield). The 
excess  of  the  loan's  or  pool's  contractual  principal  and  interest  over  expected  cash  flows  is  not  recorded  (non-accretable 
difference). 

Over the life of the loan or pool, expected cash flows continue to be estimated. If the present value of expected cash flows is less 
than the carrying amount, a loss is recorded as a provision for loan losses. If the present value of expected cash flows is greater 
than the carrying amount, it is recognized as part of future interest income. 

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A restructuring of debt constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) if the creditor for economic or legal reasons related to 
the debtor’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. Concessions may include 
interest  rate  reductions  or  below  market  interest  rates,  principal  forgiveness,  restructuring  amortization  schedules  and  other 
actions intended to minimize potential losses. The determination of whether a concession has been granted includes an evaluation 
of  the  debtor’s  ability  to  access  funds  at  a  market  rate  for  debt  with  similar  risk  characteristics  and  among  other  things,  the 
significance of the modification relative to unpaid principal or collateral value of the debt and/or the significance of a delay in the 
timing of payments relative to the frequency of payments, original maturity date or the expected duration of the loan. The most 
common  concessions  granted  generally  include  one  or  more  modifications  to  the  terms  of  the  debt  such  as  a  reduction  in  the 
interest rate for the remaining life of the debt, an extension of the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market 
rate for new debt with similar risk, or reduction of the unpaid principal or interest. All TDRs are considered impaired loans.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation, while land is carried at cost. Depreciation expense is 
computed for financial reporting by the straight-line-method based on the estimated useful lives of assets, which range from seven 
to  40  years  on  buildings,  three  to  ten  years  on  furniture,  fixtures  and  equipment,  and  lesser  of  useful  life  or  lease  term  for 
leasehold improvements.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance

Bank-owned  life  insurance  represents  life  insurance  on  the  lives  of  certain  Company  employees  who  have  provided  positive 
consent allowing the Company to be the beneficiary of such policies. These policies are recorded at their cash surrender value or 
the amount that can be realized upon surrender of the policy. Income from these policies is not subject to income taxes and is 
recorded as noninterest income.

Equity Method Investment

Investments  in  companies  in  which  the  Company  has  significant  influence  over  the  operating  and  financing  decisions  are 
accounted for using the equity method of accounting. These investments are included in the equity method investment line item 
on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  The  Company  recognizes  its  proportionate  share  of  the  investee's  profits  and  losses  in  the 
equity method investment income line item with corresponding adjustments to the equity method investment line item. 

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Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Goodwill is reviewed for potential impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level. In addition to the annual impairment 
evaluation,  the  Company  evaluates  for  impairment  when  events  or  circumstances  indicate  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  an 
impairment loss has occurred. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter. The Company first 
assesses  qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  it  is  necessary  to  perform  the  two-step  goodwill  impairment  test  discussed 
below. The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting 
unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. Examples of qualitative factors include: economic conditions; industry 
and  market  considerations;  increases  in  labor  or  other  costs;  overall  financial  performance  such  as  negative  or  declining  cash 
flows;  relevant  entity-specific  events  such  as  changes  in  management,  key  personnel,  strategy  or  customers;  and  regulatory  or 
political developments.

The  Company  early  adopted  ASU  2017-04,  Intangibles–Goodwill  and  Other  (Topic  350):  Simplifying  the  Test  for  Goodwill 
Impairment. Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) and did so for the period ended December 31, 2020. This 
guidance simplified the accounting for goodwill impairment for all entities by requiring impairment charges to be based on Step 1 
of the previous accounting  guidance’s two-step impairment test  under ASC Topic  350. Under the new  guidance,  if a reporting 
unit’s  carrying  amount  exceeds  its  fair  value,  the  entity  will  record  an  impairment  charge  based  on  that  difference.  The 
impairment  charge  will  be  limited  to  the  amount  of  goodwill  allocated  to  that  reporting  unit.  The  new  standard  eliminates  the 
requirement to calculate a goodwill impairment charge using Step 2, which involved calculating an implied fair value of goodwill 
for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated impairment. The standard does not change the guidance on completing 
Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. Entities are still be able to perform optional qualitative goodwill impairment assessment 
before  determining  whether  to  proceed  to  the  quantitative  step  of  determining  whether  the  reporting  unit’s  carrying  amount 
exceeds it fair value.

For  intangible  assets  subject  to  amortization,  the  recoverability  test  is  performed  when  a  triggering  event  occurs  and  an 
impairment loss is recognized if the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds fair value and is not recoverable. The carrying 
value of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result 
from the use of the asset. Intangible assets deemed to have indefinite useful lives are not subject to amortization. An impairment 
loss is recognized if the carrying value of the intangible asset with an indefinite life exceeds its fair value.

Derivative Instruments

Interest Rate Lock Commitments and Hedges

The Company enters into commitments to originate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to 
funding  (rate  lock  commitments).  Rate  lock  commitments  on  mortgage  loans  that  are  intended  to  be  sold  are  considered  to  be 
derivatives. The period of time between issuance of a loan commitment and closing and sale of the loan generally ranges from 30 
days  to  120  days.  The  Company  protects  itself  from  changes  in  interest  rates  through  the  use  of  best  efforts  forward  delivery 
commitments, whereby the Company commits to sell a loan at the time the borrower commits to an interest rate with the intent 
that the buyer has assumed interest rate risk on the loan. The correlation between the rate lock commitments and hedges is very 
high due to their similarity. As a result of these strategies, the Company limits the exposure of losses with these arrangements and 
will not realize significant gains related to its rate lock commitments due to changes in interest rates. For loans not originated on a 
best effort basis, the Company also uses mortgage-backed security hedges and pair-offs to mitigate interest rate risk by entering 
into securities and mortgage-backed securities trades with brokers. 

The fair value of rate lock commitments and hedges is not readily ascertainable with precision because rate lock commitments and 
hedges  are  not  actively  traded  in  stand-alone-markets.  The  Company  determines  the  fair  value  of  rate  lock  commitments  and 
hedges by measuring the change in the value of the underlying asset while taking into consideration the probability that the rate 
lock commitments will close. Fair value changes are recorded in noninterest income in the Company’s consolidated statement of 
income. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the balance of interest rate lock commitments was $0 and $1.7 million, respectively. 
There were no forward sales commitments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Interest Rate Swaps

Beginning in 2015, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements to facilitate the risk management strategies of a small 
number of commercial banking clients. The Company mitigates this risk by entering into equal and offsetting interest rate swap 
agreements with highly rated third-party financial institutions. The interest rate swap agreements are free-standing derivatives and 

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are recorded at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Fair value changes are recorded in noninterest income in 
the  Company’s  consolidated  net  income  statement.  At  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  fair  value  of  interest  rate  swap 
agreements was $13.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively.

Fair Value Hedge

The Company entered into an interest rate swap designated as a fair value hedge to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates 
on  the  fair  values  of  certain  designated  fixed-rate  loans  and  available  for  sale  securities.  This  involves  the  receipt  of  variable 
amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed payments over the life of the agreements without the 
exchange  of  the  underlying  notional  amount.  The  gain  or  loss  on  the  derivative  as  well  as  the  offsetting  gain  or  loss  on 
the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. The Company entered into a pay-fixed/receive-variable 
interest rate swap in January 2019 with a notional amount of $23.0 million and $30.0 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively,  which  was  designated  as  a  fair  value  hedge  associated  with  the  Company’s  fixed-rate  loan  program  and  certain 
available for sale securities. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the fair value of interest rate swap hedge was $0.1 million and $0.4 
million, respectively.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) are recorded when the Bank sells mortgage loans and retains the servicing on those loans. On 
a monthly basis, MVB tracks the amount of mortgage loans that are sold with servicing retained. A valuation is done to determine 
the  MSRs  value,  which  is  then  recorded  as  an  asset  and  amortized  over  the  period  of  estimated  net  servicing  revenues.  The 
balance of MSRs is evaluated for impairment quarterly, and was determined not to be impaired at December 31, 2020 or 2019. 
Servicing  loans  for  others  generally  consists  of  collecting  mortgage  payments  from  borrowers,  maintaining  escrow  accounts, 
remitting payments to third party investors and, when necessary, foreclosure processing. Serviced loans are not included in the 
Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  At  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  value  of  MSRs  was  $2.9  million  and  $0.3  million, 
respectively. 

Foreclosed Assets Held for Resale

Foreclosed assets held for resale acquired in satisfaction of mortgage obligations and in foreclosure proceedings are recorded at 
fair  value  less  estimated  selling  costs  at  the  time  of  foreclosure,  establishing  a  new  cost  basis,  with  any  valuation  adjustments 
charged to the allowance for loan losses. In subsequent periods, foreclosed assets are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value 
less  any  costs  to  sell.  Costs  relating  to  improvement  of  the  property  are  capitalized,  while  holding  costs  of  the  property  are 
charged to other loan origination and maintenance expense in the period incurred. Subsequent declines in fair value and gains or 
losses on sale are recorded in other noninterest expense. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company held other real estate of 
$5.7 million and $1.4 million, respectively. These amounts include the foreclosed assets that were acquired from our acquisition 
of First State.

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards require that the Company adopt fair value measurement for financial assets and financial liabilities. This 
enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities applies whenever other standards require or permit assets 
or liabilities to be measured at fair value. This guidance does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.

The following summarizes the methods and significant assumptions used by the Company in estimating its fair value disclosures 
for financial instruments.

Level I: Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date.

Level II: Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of 

the reported date. The nature of these assets and liabilities include items for which quoted prices are available, but 
traded less frequently, and items that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be 
directly observed.

Level III: Assets and liabilities that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These items do not have two-
way  markets  and  are  measured  using  management’s  best  estimate  of  fair  value,  where  the  inputs  into  the 
determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation.

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Transfers  of  assets  and  liabilities  between  levels  within  the  fair  value  hierarchy  are  recognized  when  an  event  or  change  in 
circumstances occurs.

Revenue Recognition 

The  Company  records  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  in  accordance  with  ASU  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with 
Customers (“Topic 606”). Under Topic 606, the Company must identify the contract with a customer, identify the performance 
obligations  in  the  contract,  determine  the  transaction  price,  allocate  the  transaction  price  to  the  performance  obligations  in  the 
contract and recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. Significant revenue has not been 
recognized in the current reporting period that results from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods.

The Company’s primary sources of revenue are derived from interest and fees earned on loans, investment securities and other 
financial  instruments  that  are  not  within  the  scope  of  Topic  606.  The  Company  has  evaluated  the  nature  of  its  contracts  with 
customers  and  determined  that  further  disaggregation  of  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  into  more  granular  categories 
beyond  what  is  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  is  not  currently  necessary.  The  Company  generally  fully 
satisfies  its  performance  obligations  on  its  contracts  with  customers  as  services  are  rendered  and  the  transaction  prices  are 
typically fixed, charged either on a periodic basis or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services 
are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying Topic 606 that significantly affects 
the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers.

Payment Card and Service Charge Income

Payment card and service charge income are comprised of service charges on accounts and interchange and debit card transaction 
fees. Service charges on accounts consist of account analysis fees, monthly service fees, check orders and other account related 
fees.  The  Company’s  performance  obligation  for  account  analysis  fees  and  monthly  service  fees  is  generally  satisfied  and  the 
related  revenue  recognized,  over  the  period  in  which  the  service  is  provided.  Check  orders  and  other  account  related  fees  are 
largely transactional based and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied and related revenue recognized, at a 
point  in  time.  Payment  for  service  charges  on  accounts  is  primarily  received  immediately  or  in  the  following  month  through  a 
direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Interchange  and  debit  card  transaction  fees  are  primarily  comprised  of  interchange  fees  earned  whenever  the  Bank’s  debit  and 
credit cards are processed through card payment networks, such as Visa. The Bank’s performance obligation for debit card and 
interchange  income  is  generally  satisfied,  and  the  related  revenue  recognized,  on  a  transactional  basis.  Payment  is  typically 
received  immediately  or  in  the  following  month.  The  Company  also  enters  into  interchange  arrangements  with  minimum 
commitment  fees.  Minimum  commitment  fees  are  recognized  ratably,  until  such  time  that  minimum  commitment  fees  are 
exceeded or expected to be exceeded. 

Compliance Consulting Income

Compliance consulting income is comprised of consulting revenue generated by Chartwell and Paladin Fraud. Chartwell provides 
integrated  regulatory  compliance,  state  licensing,  financial  crimes  prevention  and  enterprise  risk  management  services  that 
include  consulting,  outsourcing,  testing  and  training  solutions.  Paladin  Fraud  provides  an  extensive  and  customizable  suite  of 
fraud prevention services for merchants, credit agencies, Fintech companies and other vendors to help clients and partners defend 
against threats. Chartwell and Paladin Fraud account for a contract after it has been approved by all parties to the arrangement, the 
rights  of  the  parties  are  identified,  payment  terms  are  identified,  the  contract  has  commercial  substance  and  collectability  of 
consideration  is  probable.  The  services  promised  are  then  evaluated  in  each  contract  at  inception  to  determine  whether  the 
contract  should  be  accounted  for  as  having  one  or  more  performance  obligations.  Both  Chartwell  and  Paladin  Fraud's  services 
included  in  its  contracts  are  distinct  from  one  another.  The  transaction  price  for  each  contract  is  determined  based  upon  the 
consideration  expected  to  be  received  for  the  distinct  services  being  provided  under  the  contract.  Revenue  is  recognized  as 
performance  obligations  are  satisfied  and  the  customer  obtains  control  of  the  goods  or  services  provided.  In  determining  when 
performance obligations are satisfied, factors considered include contract terms, payment terms and whether there is an alternative 
future use of the product or service. Consulting engagements may vary in length and scope but will generally include the review 
and/or preparation of regulatory filings, business plans, financial models and other risk management services to customers within 
financial industries. Revenue from consulting services is recognized upon completion of deliverables as outlined in the consulting 
agreement. 

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Other Operating Income

Other operating income is primarily comprised of ATM fees, wire transfer fees, travelers check fees, revenue streams such as safe 
deposit  box  rental  fees  and  other  miscellaneous  service  charges.  ATM  fees,  wire  transfer  fees  and  travelers  check  fees  are 
primarily generated when a Bank’s cardholder uses a non-Bank ATM or a non-Bank cardholder uses a Bank ATM. Safe deposit 
box rental fees are charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment. The Bank determined that 
since rentals and renewals occur fairly consistently over time, revenue is recognized on a basis consistent with the duration of the 
performance obligation. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks 
and  other  services.  The  Bank’s  performance  obligations  for  fees  and  other  service  charges  are  largely  satisfied,  and  related 
revenue  recognized,  when  the  services  are  rendered  or  upon  completion.  Payment  is  typically  received  immediately  or  in  the 
following month. The Bank’s performance obligation for the gains and losses on sales of other real estate owned is satisfied, and 
the related revenue recognized, after each sale of other real estate owned is closed.

Marketing Costs

Marketing costs are expensed as incurred. Marketing expense was $1.1 million, $1.3 million and $1.1 million for 2020, 2019 and 
2018, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation  cost  is  recognized  for  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  units  (“RSUs”)  issued  to  employees,  based  on  the  fair 
value  of  these  awards  at  the  date  of  grant.  A  Black-Scholes  model  is  utilized  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  stock  options. 
Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded 
vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. 

Earnings Per Share

The Company determines basic earnings per share by dividing net income less preferred stock dividends by the weighted-average 
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing net income less 
dividends on convertible preferred stock plus interest on convertible subordinated debt by the weighted-average number of shares 
outstanding,  increased  by  both  the  number  of  shares  that  would  be  issued  assuming  the  exercise  of  stock  options  under  the 
Company’s 2003 and 2013 Stock Incentive Plans and the conversion of preferred stock and subordinated debt, if dilutive.

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(Dollars in thousands except shares and per share data)
Numerator for basic earnings per share:
Net income from continuing operations
Less: Dividends on preferred stock
Net income from continuing operations available to common shareholders - basic

Net income from discontinued operations available to common shareholders - basic and 
diluted
Net income available to common shareholders

Numerator for diluted earnings per share:
Net income from continuing operations available to common shareholders - basic
Add: Dividends on preferred stock
Add: Interest on subordinated debt (tax effected)
Net income available to common shareholders from continuing operations - diluted

Denominator:
Total average shares outstanding
Effect of dilutive convertible preferred stock
Effect of dilutive convertible subordinated debt
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock units
Total diluted average shares outstanding

Earnings per share from continuing operations - basic
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - basic
Earnings per common share - basic

Earnings per share from continuing operations - diluted
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - diluted
Earnings per common share - diluted

For the years ended

December 31,

2020

2019

2018

37,411  $ 
461 
36,950 

26,564  $ 
479 
26,085 

12,003 
489 
11,514 

— 
36,950  $ 

427 
26,512  $ 

— 
11,514 

36,950  $ 
— 
— 
36,950  $ 

26,085  $ 
— 
— 
26,085  $ 

11,514 
489 
753 
12,756 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

  11,821,574 
— 
— 
266,532 
  12,088,106 

  11,713,885 
— 
— 
330,782 
  12,044,667 

  11,030,984 
489,625 
837,500 
363,894 
  12,722,003 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

3.13  $ 
—  $ 
3.13  $ 

3.06  $ 
—  $ 
3.06  $ 

2.22  $ 
0.04  $ 
2.26  $ 

2.16  $ 
0.04  $ 
2.20  $ 

1.04 
— 
1.04 

1.00 
— 
1.00 

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,  approximately  0.5  million,  0.4  million  and  0.3  million  options  to 
purchase shares of common stock, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the 
effect would be antidilutive.

Comprehensive Income

Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although 
certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and minimum pension 
liability, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheet, such items, along with net 
income, are components of comprehensive income.

In 2018, the Company was required to perform a reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting 
from the newly enacted federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Reform Act. The Tax Reform Act included a reduction to the 
corporate  income  tax  rate  from  34  percent  to  21  percent  effective  January  1,  2018.  The  amount  of  the  reclassification  is  the 
difference between the historical corporate income tax rate and the newly enacted 21 percent corporate income tax rate, which 
resulted in a decrease of $0.6 million. 

Income Taxes

The amount reflected as income taxes represents federal and state income taxes on financial statement income. Certain items of 
income and expense, primarily the provision for possible loan losses, allowance for losses on foreclosed assets held for resale, 
depreciation  and  accretion  of  discounts  on  investment  securities  are  reported  in  different  accounting  periods  for  income  tax 
purposes.  The  Company  and  the  Bank  file  a  consolidated  federal  income  tax  return.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are 
computed based on the difference between the financial statement basis and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using the 

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
enacted  marginal  tax  rates.  Deferred  income  tax  expenses  or  benefits  are  based  on  the  changes  in  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or 
liability from period to period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the result of timing differences in recognition of revenue and 
expense for income tax and financial statement purposes. No deferred income tax valuation allowance is provided since it is more 
likely than not that realization of the deferred income tax asset will occur in future years.

The  Company  prescribes  a  recognition  threshold  and  a  measurement  attribute  for  the  financial  statement  recognition  and 
measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Benefits from tax positions should be recognized in 
the  financial  statements  only  when  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  tax  position  will  be  sustained  upon  examination  by  the 
appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position that meets the more likely 
than not recognition threshold is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized 
upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more likely than not recognition threshold should be 
recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions 
that no longer meet the more likely than not recognition threshold should be reversed in the first subsequent financial reporting 
period  in  which  that  threshold  is  no  longer  met.  There  is  currently  no  liability  for  uncertain  tax  positions  and  no  known 
unrecognized tax benefits. With limited exception, the Company’s federal and state income tax returns for taxable years through 
2016 have been closed for purposes of examination by the federal and state taxing jurisdictions.

Operating Segments

An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities that generates revenue and 
incurs  expense,  and  the  operating  results  of  which  are  reviewed  by  the  chief  operating  decision  maker  in  the  determination  of 
resource  allocation  and  performance.  While  the  Company’s  chief  decision  makers  monitor  the  revenue  streams  of  the  various 
Company’s products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a Company-wide basis. The 
Company has identified three reportable segments: CoRe banking; mortgage banking; and financial holding company. 

Business Combinations

U.S.  GAAP  requires  that  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting,  formerly  referred  to  as  the  purchase  method,  be  used  for  all 
business combinations that an acquirer is identified for each business combination. Under U.S. GAAP, the acquirer is the entity 
that  obtains  control  of  one  or  more  businesses  in  the  business  combination,  and  the  acquisition  date  is  the  date  the  acquirer 
achieves  control.  U.S.  GAAP  requires  that  the  acquirer  recognize  the  fair  value  of  assets  acquired,  liabilities  assumed  and  any 
non-controlling interest in the acquired entity at the acquisition date.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred 
assets is deemed to be surrendered when (i) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (ii) the transferee obtains the right 
(free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets and (iii) the 
Company  does  not  maintain  effective  control  over  the  transferred  assets  through  an  agreement  to  repurchase  them  before  their 
maturity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Developments

In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2018-14,  Compensation  –  Retirement  Benefits    –  Defined  Benefit  Plans  –  General 
(Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Defined Benefit Plans, which modifies 
the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The updates in this 
ASU are part of the disclosure framework project ASU 2018-14 and modify the disclosure requirements under ASC 715-20 for 
employers  that  sponsor  defined  benefit  pension  or  other  postretirement  plans.  Those  modifications  include  the  removal  and 
addition  of  disclosure  requirements  as  well  as  clarifying  specific  disclosure  requirements.  The  ASU  removed  the  following 
disclosures: 1) the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic 
benefit  cost  over  the  next  fiscal  year;  2)  the  amount  and  timing  of  plan  assets  expected  to  be  returned  to  the  employer;  3)  the 
disclosures  related  to  the  June  2001  amendments  to  the  Japanese  Welfare  Pension  Insurance  Law;  4)  related  party  disclosures 
about the amount of future annual benefits covered by insurance and annuity contracts and significant transactions between the 
employer  or  related  parties  and  the  plan;  5)  for  nonpublic  entities,  the  reconciliation  of  the  opening  balances  to  the  closing 
balances of plan assets measured on a recurring basis in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy; however, nonpublic entities will be 
required to disclose separately the amounts of transfers into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases of Level 
3 plan assets and 6) for public entities, the effects of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the 
(i) aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs and (ii) benefit obligation for postretirement 

80

health care benefits. The ASU added the following disclosures: 1) the weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance 
plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates and 2) an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses 
related  to  changes  in  the  benefit  obligation  for  the  period.  The  ASU  then  clarified  the  following  disclosures:  1)  the  projected 
benefit  obligation  (“PBO”)  and  fair  value  of  plan  assets  for  plans  with  PBOs  more  than  plan  assets;  and  2)  the  accumulated 
benefit obligation (“ABO”) and fair value of plan assets for plans with ABOs more than plan assets. ASU 2018-14 is effective for 
public business entities for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. As ASU 2018-14 only revises disclosure requirements, it 
did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the 
Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The updates in this ASU are part of the disclosure framework project and 
modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The modifications include 
additions, modification and removal of disclosure requirements. The ASU removed the following disclosure requirements: 1) the 
amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, 2) the policy for timing of transfers 
between  levels,  3)  the  valuation  process  for  Level  3  fair  value  measurements  and  4)  for  nonpublic  entities,  the  changes  in 
unrealized gains and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the 
reporting  period.  The  ASU  added  the  following  disclosure  requirements:  1)  the  changes  in  unrealized  gains  and  losses  for  the 
period  included  in  other  comprehensive  income  for  recurring  Level  3  fair  value  measurements  held  at  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period;  and  2)  the  range  and  weighted-average  of  significant  unobservable  inputs  used  to  develop  Level  3  fair  value 
measurements.  For  certain  unobservable  inputs,  an  entity  may  disclose  other  quantitative  information  (such  as  the  median  or 
arithmetic average) in lieu of the weighted-average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more 
reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. 
The ASU also modified the following disclosure requirements: 1) in lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a 
nonpublic entity is required to disclose transfers into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of 
Level 3 assets and liabilities; 2) for investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose 
the timing of liquidation of an investee's assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee 
has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly; and 3) clarification that the measurement uncertainty 
disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. ASU 2018-13 is effective 
for public business entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2019. Adoption of 
this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses 
on  Financial  Instruments  and  subsequent  amendments  to  the  initial  guidance  in  November  2018,  ASU  2018-19,  Codification 
Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, in April 2019, ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to 
Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, in 
May  2019,  ASU  2019-05,  Financial  Instruments  –  Credit  Losses,  Topic  326  and  in  November  2019,  ASU  2019-10,  Financial 
Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842): Effective Dates and ASU 
2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, all of which clarifies codification and 
corrects unintended application of the guidance. The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current 
U.S. GAAP with an expected credit loss methodology and requires consideration of a broader range of information to determine 
credit loss estimates. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by 
using  an  allowance  for  credit  losses.  PCI  loans  will  receive  an  allowance  account  at  the  acquisition  date  that  represents  a 
component of the purchase price allocation. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be recorded through an 
allowance for credit losses, with such allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. The guidance 
was  initially  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2019  and  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  On 
November 15, 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, Financial Investments – Credit Issues (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging 
(Topic  815),  and  Leases  (Topic  842):  Effective  Dates,  which  finalizes  a  delay  in  the  effective  date  of  the  standard  for  smaller 
reporting  companies  until  January  2023.  The  Company  expects  to  recognize  a  one-time  cumulative  effect  adjustment  to  the 
allowance for loan losses as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the new standard is effective, but cannot yet 
determine the magnitude of any such one-time adjustment or the overall impact of the new guidance on the consolidated financial 
statements. In that regard, the Company has formed a cross-functional implementation team. The team is working to develop an 
implementation  plan  which  will  include  assessment  and  documentation  of  processes,  internal  controls  and  data  sources;  model 
development  and  documentation;  and  system  configuration,  among  other  things.  The  Company  is  also  in  the  process  of 
implementing  a  third-party  vendor  solution  to  assist  it  in  the  application  of  this  standard.  The  adoption  of  this  standard  could 
result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an “incurred loss” model, which encompasses 
allowances  for  current  known  and  inherent  losses  within  the  portfolio,  to  an  “expected  loss”  model,  which  encompasses 
allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. While the Company is currently unable to reasonably 
estimate  the  impact  of  adopting  ASU  2016-13,  it  expects  that  the  impact  of  adoption  will  be  significantly  influenced  by  the 
composition, characteristics and quality of its loan portfolio, as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts as of the 
adoption date.

81

In  January  2020,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2020-01,  Investments-Equity  Securities  (Topic  321),  Investments-Equity  Method  and 
Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)-Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, 
and  Topic  815.  ASU  2020-01  clarifies  the  interaction  between  accounting  standards  related  to  equity  securities,  equity  method 
investments  and  certain  derivatives,  including  accounting  for  the  transition  into  and  out  of  the  equity  method  and  measuring 
certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. The amendments will be effective for the Company on 
January 1, 2021. The Company does not expect this standard to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-03, Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments.  The amendments represent 
clarification and  improvements  to the  codification and correct unintended application.  This  standard was  effective immediately 
upon issuance and its adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate 
Reform  on  Financial  Reporting.  The  amendments  provide  optional  expedients  and  exceptions  for  certain  contracts,  hedging 
relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of rate 
reform. The guidance is effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 2022. The guidance permits entities to not apply 
modification  accounting  or  remeasure  lease  payments  in  lease  contracts  if  the  changes  to  the  contract  are  related  to  the 
discontinuation  of  the  reference  rate.  If  certain  criteria  are  met,  the  amendments  also  allow  exceptions  to  the  de-designation 
criteria of the hedging relationship and the assessment of hedge effectiveness during the transition period. In January 2021, ASU 
2021-01  was  issued  by  the  FASB  and  clarifies  that  certain  exceptions  in  reference  rate  reform  apply  to  derivatives  that  are 
affected by the discounting transition. The Company will continue to assess the impact as the reference rate transition occurs over 
the next two years.

In  August  2020,  the  SEC  issued  a  final  rule  that  modernizes  the  disclosure  requirements  in  Regulation  S-K  relating  to  the 
description of the business, legal proceedings, and risk factors, which are required in many SEC filings, including Form 10-K and 
registration  statements.  The  final  rule  was  effective  in  November  2020,  30  days  after  its  date  of  publication  in  the  Federal 
Register. The Company adopted the amendments in preparing this report.

Note 2 – Investment Securities

Amortized cost and fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
United States government agency securities
United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities
Municipal securities
Other debt securities
Total debt securities
Other securities
Total investment securities available-for-sale

Amortized 
Cost

Unrealized 
Gain

Unrealized 
Loss

Fair Value

$ 

$ 

56,207  $ 
94,968 
223,642 
7,500 
382,317 
18,401 
400,718  $ 

995  $ 
972 
8,327 
— 
10,294 
146 
10,440  $ 

(210)  $ 
(171) 
(82) 
— 
(463) 
(71) 
(534)  $ 

56,992 
95,769 
231,887 
7,500 
392,148 
18,476 
410,624 

Amortized cost and fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
United States government agency securities
United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities
Municipal securities
Total debt securities
Other securities
Total investment securities available-for-sale

Amortized 
Cost

Unrealized 
Gain

Unrealized 
Loss

Fair Value

$ 

$ 

52,046  $ 
58,748 
108,750 
219,544 
12,247 
231,791  $ 

199  $ 
188 
4,399 
4,786 
181 
4,967  $ 

(249)  $ 
(624) 
(57) 
(930) 
(7) 
(937)  $ 

51,996 
58,312 
113,092 
223,400 
12,421 
235,821 

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes amortized cost and fair values of debt securities by maturity:

(Dollars in thousands)
Within one year
After one year, but within five years
After five years, but within ten years
After ten years
Total

December 31, 2020

Available for sale

Amortized Cost

Fair Value

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

9,254 
36,097 
336,966 
382,317  $ 

— 
9,629 
36,863 
345,656 
392,148 

The table above reflects contractual maturities. Actual results will differ as the loans underlying the mortgage-backed securities 
may repay sooner than scheduled.

Investment  securities  with  a  carrying  value  of  $229.4  million  and  $68.0  million  at  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  respectively, 
were pledged to secure public funds, repurchase agreements and potential borrowings at the Federal Reserve discount window.

The  Company’s  investment  portfolio  includes  securities  that  are  in  an  unrealized  loss  position  as  of  December  31,  2020,  the 
details  of  which  are  included  in  the  following  table.  Although  these  securities,  if  sold  at  December  31,  2020  would  result  in  a 
pretax  loss  of  $0.5  million,  the  Company  has  no  intent  to  sell  the  applicable  securities  at  such  fair  values,  and  maintains  the 
Company has the ability to hold these securities until all principal has been recovered. It is more likely than not that the Company 
will not, for liquidity purposes, sell any securities at a loss. Declines in the fair values of these securities can be traced to general 
market conditions, which reflect the prospect for the economy as a whole. When determining other-than-temporary impairment on 
securities,  the  Company  considers  such  factors  as  adverse  conditions  specifically  related  to  a  certain  security  or  to  specific 
conditions in an industry or geographic area, the time frame securities have been in an unrealized loss position, the Company’s 
ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in value, whether or not the security has 
been downgraded by a rating agency and whether or not the financial condition of the security issuer has severely deteriorated. As 
of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  considers  all  securities  with  unrealized  loss  positions  to  be  temporarily  impaired,  and 
consequently, does not believe the Company will sustain material realized losses as a result of the current temporary decline in 
fair value.

The following table discloses the length of time that investments have remained in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 
2020:

(Dollars in thousands)

Description and number of positions
United States government agency securities (27)
United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities (9)
Municipal securities (14)
Other securities (5)

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Fair Value

Unrealized 
Loss

Fair Value

Unrealized 
Loss

$ 

$ 

19,021  $ 
15,331 
11,856 
3,947 
50,155  $ 

(68)  $ 

(155) 
(82) 
(71) 
(376)  $ 

12,574  $ 
3,349 
— 
— 
15,923  $ 

(142) 
(16) 
— 
— 
(158) 

The following table discloses the length of time that investments have remained in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 
2019:

(Dollars in thousands)

Description and number of positions
United States government agency securities (26)
United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities (40)
Municipal securities (13)
Other securities (2)

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Fair Value

Unrealized 
Loss

Fair Value

Unrealized 
Loss

$ 

8,160  $ 

16,660 
6,018 
1,093 
31,931  $ 

$ 

(59)  $ 

(170) 
(40) 
(7) 
(276)  $ 

15,399  $ 
27,498 
828 
— 
43,725  $ 

(190) 
(454) 
(17) 
— 
(661) 

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the investment sales and related gains and losses in 2020, 2019 and 2018:

(Dollars in thousands)

Sales of available-for-sale investments

Gross gains
Gross losses

Sales of equity investments

Gross gains
Gross losses

2020

2019

2018

$ 

$ 

54,023  $ 
948 
34 

4,622  $ 
3,501 
— 

31,220  $ 
105 
271 

5,968  $ 
— 
7 

2,743 
352 
25 

— 
— 
— 

The Company recognized unrealized holding gains on equity securities of $0.4 million, $13.8 million and $0.6 million in 2020, 
2019 and 2018, respectively, and these were recorded in noninterest income. A majority of the 2019 unrealized holding gains on 
equity  securities  was  the  result  of  the  Company  recognizing  a  $13.5  million  pre-tax  gain  after  a  valuation  on  its  Fintech 
investment portfolio in the second quarter of 2019.

There were no held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019 and the Company sold no held-to-maturity 
investments during the years of 2020, 2019 or 2018. 

Note 3 – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Prior to the ICM transaction, the Company routinely generated one to four family mortgages for sale into the secondary market. 
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized sales proceeds of $1.48 billion, $1.61 billion and $1.24 billion, resulting in 
mortgage fee income of $33.4 million, $41.0 million and $32.3 million, respectively.

The components of loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and non-residential real estate
Residential
Home equity
Consumer
PCI loans:

Commercial and non-residential real estate
Residential
Consumer

Total loans
Deferred loan origination costs and (fees), net
Loans receivable

2020
1,141,114  $ 
240,264 
30,828 
3,156 

21,008 
16,943 
1,488 
1,454,801 
(1,057) 
1,453,744  $ 

2019
1,063,828 
271,604 
35,106 
3,697 

— 
— 
— 
1,374,235 
306 
1,374,541 

$ 

$ 

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the loan portfolio, excluding PCI loans, as of December 31, 2020 and 
2019:

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2020
     Individually evaluated for impairment
     Collectively evaluated for impairment
Total Loans
December 31, 2019
     Individually evaluated for impairment
     Collectively evaluated for impairment
Total Loans

Commercial

Residential

Home 
Equity

Consumer

Total

13,334  $ 

$ 
  1,127,780 
$  1,141,114  $  240,264  $ 

1,960  $ 

238,304 

7,401  $ 

$ 
  1,056,427 
$  1,063,828  $  271,604  $ 

1,953  $ 

269,651 

95  $ 

30,733 
30,828  $ 

5  $ 

3,151 
3,156  $ 

15,394 
1,399,968 
1,415,362 

95  $ 

35,011 
35,106  $ 

34  $ 

3,663 
3,697  $ 

9,483 
1,364,752 
1,374,235 

The  Company  currently  manages  its  loan  portfolios  and  the  respective  exposure  to  credit  losses  (credit  risk)  by  the  following 
specific  portfolio  segments  which  are  levels  at  which  the  Company  develops  and  documents  its  systematic  methodology  to 

84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
determine the allowance for credit losses attributable to each respective portfolio segment.  These segments are as follows:

Commercial business loans – Commercial loans are made to provide funds for equipment and general corporate needs, as well as 
to  finance  owner  occupied  real  estate,  and  to  finance  future  cash  flows  of  Federal  Government  lease  contracts.    Repayment  of 
these loans primarily uses the funds obtained from the operation of the borrower’s business. Commercial loans also include lines 
of credit that are utilized to finance a borrower’s short-term credit needs and/or to finance a percentage of eligible receivables and 
inventory.  This  segment  includes  both  company  originated  and  purchased  participation  loans.  Credit  risk  arises  from  the 
successful operation of the business which may be affected by competition, rising interest rates, regulatory changes and adverse 
conditions in the local and regional economy.

Commercial  real  estate  loans  –  Commercial  real  estate  loans  consist  of  non-owner  occupied  properties,  such  as  investment 
properties  for  retail,  office  and  multifamily  with  a  history  of  occupancy  and  cash  flow.  This  segment  includes  both  company 
originated and purchased participation loans. These loans carry the risk of adverse changes in the local economy and a tenant’s 
deteriorating credit strength, lease expirations in soft markets and sustained vacancies which can adversely impact cash flow.

Commercial acquisition, development and construction loans – Commercial acquisition, development and construction loans are 
intended  to  finance  the  construction  of  commercial  and  residential  properties,  including  the  construction  of  single-family 
dwellings, and also includes loans for the acquisition and development of land. Construction loans represent a higher degree of 
risk than permanent real estate loans and may be affected by a variety of factors such as the borrower’s ability to control costs and 
adhere to time schedules and the risk that constructed units may not be absorbed by the market within the anticipated time frame 
or  at  the  anticipated  price.  The  loan  commitment  on  these  loans  often  includes  an  interest  reserve  that  allows  the  lender  to 
periodically advance loan funds to pay interest charges on the outstanding balance of the loan.

Commercial SBA PPP loans –This segment includes the loan originated through the recently created SBA PPP loans. Credit risk 
is heightened as this SBA program mandates that these loans require no collateral and no guarantors of the loans. However, the 
loans are backed by a full guaranty of the SBA, so long as the loans were originated in accordance with the program guidelines. 
Additionally,  these  loans  are  eligible  for  full  forgiveness  by  the  SBA  so  long  as  the  borrowers  comply  with  the  program 
guidelines as it pertains to their eligibility to borrow these funds, as well as their use of the funds. 

Residential  mortgage  loans  –  This  residential  real  estate  subsegment  contains  permanent  and  construction  mortgage  loans 
principally  to  consumers  secured  by  residential  real  estate.  Residential  real  estate  loans  are  evaluated  for  the  adequacy  of 
repayment  sources  at  the  time  of  approval,  based  upon  measures  including  credit  scores,  debt-to-income  ratios,  and  collateral 
values.  Credit  risk  arises  from  the  borrower’s,  and  where  applicable  the  builder's,  continuing  financial  stability,  which  can  be 
adversely impacted by job loss, divorce, illness, or personal bankruptcy, among other factors. Also impacting credit risk would be 
a  shortfall  in  the  value  of  the  residential  real  estate  in  relation  to  the  outstanding  loan  balance  in  the  event  of  a  default  or 
subsequent liquidation of the real estate collateral.

Home equity lines of credit – This segment includes subsegment for senior lien and subordinate lien lines of credit. Credit risk is 
similar to residential real estate loans described above as it is subject to the borrower’s continuing financial stability and the value 
of the collateral securing the loan. 

Consumer  loans  –  This  segment  of  loans  includes  primarily  installment  loans  and  personal  lines  of  credit.    Consumer  loans 
include  installment  loans  used  by  clients  to  purchase  automobiles,  boats  and  recreational  vehicles.  Credit  risk  is  similar  to 
residential real estate loans described above as it is subject to the borrower’s continuing financial stability and the value of the 
collateral securing the loan.

85

The following table presents impaired loans by class, excluding PCI loans, segregated by those for which a specific allowance 
was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2020
Commercial:

Commercial business
Commercial real estate
Acquisition and development

          Total commercial
Residential
Home equity
Consumer
          Total impaired loans

December 31, 2019
Commercial:

Commercial business
Commercial real estate
Acquisition and development

          Total commercial
Residential
Home equity
Consumer
          Total impaired loans

Impaired Loans with 
Specific Allowance

Impaired 
Loans with 
No Specific 
Allowance

Total Impaired Loans

Recorded 
Investment

Related 
Allowance

Recorded 
Investment

Recorded 
Investment

Unpaid 
Principal 
Balance

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

3,431  $ 
772 
— 
4,203 
— 
— 
— 
4,203  $ 

2,606  $ 
1,786 
— 
4,392 
— 
— 
— 
4,392  $ 

1,032  $ 
264 
— 
1,296 
— 
— 
— 
1,296  $ 

5,653  $ 
944 
2,534 
9,131 
1,960 
95 
5 
11,191  $ 

9,084  $ 
1,716 
2,534 
13,334 
1,960 
95 
5 
15,394  $ 

249  $ 
325 
— 
574 
— 
— 
— 
574  $ 

644  $ 
295 
2,070 
3,009 
1,953 
95 
34 
5,091  $ 

3,250  $ 
2,081 
2,070 
7,401 
1,953 
95 
34 
9,483  $ 

10,440 
1,864 
3,939 
16,243 
2,232 
95 
5 
18,575 

4,308 
2,171 
3,467 
9,946 
2,045 
100 
35 
12,126 

The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, and related interest income 
recognized for the years ended:

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Average 
Investment 
in 
Impaired 
Loans

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Accrual 
Basis

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Cash 
Basis

Average 
Investment 
in 
Impaired 
Loans

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Accrual 
Basis

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Cash 
Basis

Average 
Investment 
in 
Impaired 
Loans

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Accrual 
Basis

Interest 
Income 
Recognized 
on Cash 
Basis

$ 

6,066  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

3,202  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

4,052  $ 

51  $ 

106 

3,057 

1,207 

10,330 

2,541 

87 

7 

97 

67 

164 

19 

— 

— 

104 

73 

177 

19 

— 

— 

3,220 

2,151 

8,573 

2,719 

154 

45 

162 

123 

285 

16 

2 

— 

140 

131 

271 

16 

2 

— 

6,416 

1,367 

11,835 

2,569 

100 

149 

159 

106 

316 

20 

2 

— 

94 

8 

208 

14 

1 

— 

$ 

12,965  $ 

183  $ 

196  $ 

11,491  $ 

303  $ 

289  $ 

14,653  $ 

338  $ 

223 

(Dollars in 
thousands)

Commercial:

Commercial 
business

Commercial real 
estate

Acquisition and 
development

    Total commercial

Residential

Home equity

Consumer

Total

As of December 31, 2020, there are five loans collateralized by residential real estate property in the process of foreclosure. The 
total recorded investment in these loans was $0.2 million as of December 31, 2020. These loans are included in the table above 
and have no specific allowance allocated to them.

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  loans  acquired  through  the  acquisition  of  First  State  held  32  foreclosed  residential  real  estate 
properties,  representing  $2.6  million,  or  56.6%,  of  the  total  balance  of  other  real  estate  owned.  These  properties  are  held  as  a 
result of the foreclosures of various commercial loans to different borrowers. There are eleven additional loans collateralized by 

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
residential real estate property in the process of foreclosure. The total recorded investment in these loans was $1.1 million as of 
December 31, 2020. These loans are included in the table above and have no specific allowance allocated to them.

As of December 31, 2019, the Bank held eleven foreclosed residential real estate properties representing $0.6 million, or 40.9%, 
of  the  total  balance  of  other  real  estate  owned.  These  properties  are  held  as  a  result  of  the  foreclosures  of  primarily  two 
commercial loan relationships, one of which included two properties for a total of $0.3 million, while the other included seven 
properties for a total of $0.2 million. The three remaining properties, totaling $0.1 million, were the result of the foreclosure of 
two unrelated borrowers. There are seven additional consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property in 
the process of foreclosure. The total recorded investment in these loans was $0.6 million as of December 31, 2019. These loans 
are included in the table above and have no specific allowance allocated to them.

Bank management uses a nine point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first 
six  categories  are  considered  not  criticized  and  are  aggregated  as  “Pass”  rated.  The  criticized  rating  categories  utilized  by 
management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. 

Loans  categorized  as  “Pass”  rated  have  adequate  sources  of  repayment,  with  little  identifiable  risk  of  collection  and  general 
conformity to the Bank's policy requirements, product guidelines and underwriting standards. Any exceptions that are identified 
during the underwriting and approval process have been adequately mitigated by other factors.

Loans  categorized  as  “Special  Mention”  rated  have  potential  weaknesses  that  deserve  management’s  close  attention.  If  left 
uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s 
credit  position  at  some  future  date.  Special  mention  assets  are  not  adversely  classified  and  do  not  expose  the  institution  to 
sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Loans  categorized  as  “Substandard”  rated  are  inadequately  protected  by  the  current  sound  worth  and  paying  capacity  of  the 
borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize 
the liquidation of the debt and are characterized by the distinct possibility that bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are 
not corrected.

Loans categorized as “Doubtful” rated have all the weakness inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic 
that  the  weakness  make  collections  or  liquidation  in  full,  on  the  basis  of  currently  known  facts,  conditions  and  values,  highly 
questionable  and  improbable.  However,  these  loans  are  not  yet  rated  as  loss  because  certain  events  may  occur  which  would 
salvage the debt.

The  Special  Mention  category  includes  assets  that  are  currently  protected  but  are  potentially  weak,  resulting  in  an  undue  and 
unwarranted credit risk, but not to the  point  of justifying a  Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have 
well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained 
if the weaknesses are not corrected. Any portion of a loan that has been or is expected to be charged off is placed in the Loss 
category.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the 
Bank  has  a  structured  loan  rating  process  with  several  layers  of  internal  and  external  oversight.  Generally,  consumer  and 
residential  mortgage  loans  are  included  in  the  Pass  categories  unless  a  specific  action,  such  as  past  due  status,  bankruptcy, 
repossession or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Bank’s Chief Credit Officer is responsible for the 
timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in the portfolio at origination and on an ongoing basis. The Credit Department ensures 
that a review of all commercial relationships of $1.0 million or greater is performed annually.

Review of the appropriate risk grade is included in both the internal and external loan review process, and on an ongoing basis. 
The  Bank  has  an  experienced  Credit  Department  that  continually  reviews  and  assesses  loans  within  the  portfolio.  The  Bank 
engages an external consultant to conduct independent loan reviews on at least an annual basis. Generally, the external consultant 
reviews larger commercial relationships or criticized relationships. The Credit Department compiles detailed reviews, including 
plans  for  resolution,  on  loans  classified  as  Substandard  on  a  quarterly  basis.  Loans  in  the  Special  Mention  and  Substandard 
categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance.

87

The following table represents the classes of the loan portfolio, excluding PCI loans, summarized by the aggregate Pass and the 
criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2020 
and 2019:

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2020
Commercial:

Commercial business
Commercial real estate
Acquisition and development

     SBA PPP
          Total commercial
Residential
Home equity
Consumer
          Total Loans

December 31, 2019
Commercial:

Commercial business
Commercial real estate
Acquisition and development

          Total commercial
Residential
Home equity
Consumer
          Total Loans

Pass

Special 
Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$ 

496,222  $ 
356,544 
80,771 
81,975 
1,015,512 
236,250 
30,277 
3,124 

$  1,285,163  $ 

9,529  $ 

32,044 
25,001 
— 
66,574 
948 
381 
32 
67,935  $ 

17,045  $ 
34,001 
4,184 
— 
55,230 
2,896 
144 
— 
58,270  $ 

1,095  $ 
533 
2,170 
— 
3,798 
170 
26 
— 

523,891 
423,122 
112,126 
81,975 
1,141,114 
240,264 
30,828 
3,156 
3,994  $  1,415,362 

$ 

511,590  $ 
406,712 
106,428 
1,024,730 
267,367 
34,641 
3,613 

$  1,330,351  $ 

17,398  $ 

11,894  $ 

3,564 
1,869 
22,831 
1,946 
383 
56 
25,216  $ 

1,494 
2,879 
16,267 
2,177 
82 
28 
18,554  $ 

540,882 
—  $ 
411,770 
— 
111,176 
— 
1,063,828 
— 
271,604 
114 
35,106 
— 
— 
3,697 
114  $  1,374,235 

Management  further  monitors  the  performance  and  credit  quality  of  the  loan  portfolio  by  analyzing  the  age  of  the  portfolio  as 
determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due.

A loan that has deteriorated and requires additional collection efforts by the Bank could warrant non-accrual status. A thorough 
review  is  presented  to  the  Chief  Credit  Officer  and/or  the  SARC,  as  required  with  respect  to  any  loan  which  is  in  a  collection 
process and to make a determination as to whether the loan should be placed on non-accrual status. The placement of loans on 
non-accrual status is subject to applicable regulatory restrictions and guidelines. Generally, loans should be placed in non-accrual 
status when the loan reaches 90 days past due, when it becomes likely the borrower cannot or will not make scheduled principal 
or  interest  payments,  when  full  repayment  of  principal  and  interest  is  not  expected  or  when  the  loan  displays  potential  loss 
characteristics.  Normally,  all  accrued  interest  is  charged  off  when  a  loan  is  placed  in  non-accrual  status,  unless  the  Company 
believes it is likely the accrued interest will be collected. Any payments subsequently received are applied to principal. To remove 
a loan from non-accrual status, all principal and interest due must be paid up to date and the Bank is reasonably sure of future 
satisfactory  payment  performance.  Usually,  this  requires  the  receipt  of  six  consecutive  months  of  regular,  on-time  payments. 
Removal of a loan from non-accrual status will require the approval of the Chief Credit Officer and/or SARC.

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio, excluding PCI loans, summarized by aging categories of performing 
loans and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Current

30-59 Days 
Past Due

60-89 Days 
Past Due

90+ Days 
Past Due

Total Past 
Due

Total 
Loans

Non-
Accrual

90+ Days 
Still 
Accruing

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2020

Commercial:

Commercial business

Commercial real estate

Acquisition and development

     SBA PPP

$  521,799  $ 

1,040  $ 

33  $ 

1,019  $ 

2,092  $  523,891  $ 

8,601  $ 

422,343 

109,686 

81,975 

34 

— 

— 

1,074 

2,058 

289 

— 

212 

— 

— 

245 

1,969 

75 

— 

533 

2,440 

— 

3,992 

817 

95 

— 

779 

2,440 

— 

423,122 

112,126 

81,975 

5,311 

  1,141,114 

4,844 

240,264 

459 

— 

30,828 

3,156 

944 

2,534 

— 

12,079 

1,534 

95 

5 

          Total commercial

  1,135,803 

Residential

Home equity

Consumer

235,420 

30,369 

3,156 

          Total Loans

$ 1,404,748  $ 

3,421  $ 

2,289  $ 

4,904  $ 

10,614  $ 1,415,362  $ 

13,713  $ 

December 31, 2019

Commercial:

Commercial business

Commercial real estate

Acquisition and development

          Total commercial

Residential

Home equity

Consumer

$  537,602  $ 

3,189  $ 

47  $ 

44  $ 

3,280  $  540,882  $ 

2,848  $ 

411,070 

110,717 

  1,059,389 

267,515 

34,382 

3,610 

522 

180 

3,891 

3,003 

545 

1 

178 

— 

225 

549 

84 

58 

— 

279 

323 

537 

95 

28 

700 

459 

411,770 

111,176 

4,439 

  1,063,828 

4,089 

271,604 

724 

87 

35,106 

3,697 

295 

390 

3,533 

1,461 

95 

34 

          Total Loans

$ 1,364,896  $ 

7,440  $ 

916  $ 

983  $ 

9,339  $ 1,374,235  $ 

5,123  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

The ALL is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio and is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk 
characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the 
portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience and the amount of non-performing loans.

Interest income on loans would have increased by approximately $0.6 million, $0.6 million and $0.8 million for 2020, 2019 and 
2018, respectively, if loans had performed in accordance with their terms.

The  Bank’s  methodology  for  determining  the  ALL  is  based  on  the  requirements  of  ASC  Section  310  for  loans  individually 
evaluated for impairment (discussed above) and ASC Subtopic 450-20 for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as 
the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance. The total of 
the two components represents the Bank’s ALL. The Bank analyzes certain impaired loans in homogeneous pools, rather than on 
an  individual  basis,  when  those  loans  are  below  specific  thresholds  based  on  outstanding  principal  balance.  More  specifically, 
residential mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit and consumer loans, when considered impaired, are evaluated collectively 
for impairment by applying allocation rates derived from the Bank’s historical losses specific to impaired loans and the reserve 
totaled $0.1 million and $0.1 million, and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate. For general 
allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio. These historical loss amounts are 
modified by qualified factors.

The segments described above, which are based on the Federal call code assigned to each loan, provide the starting point for the 
ALL  analysis.  Company  and  Bank  management  track  the  historical  net  charge-off  activity  at  the  call  code  level.  A  historical 
charge-off factor is calculated utilizing a defined number of consecutive historical quarters. All pools currently utilize a rolling 12 
quarters.

“Pass” rated credits are segregated from “Criticized” credits for the application of qualitative factors. Loans in the criticized pools, 
which possess certain qualities or characteristics that may lead to collection and loss issues, are closely monitored by management 
and subject to additional qualitative factors.

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company  and  Bank  management  have  identified  a  number  of  additional  qualitative  factors  which  it  uses  to  supplement  the 
historical charge-off factor as these factors are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to 
differ from historical loss experience. The additional factors that are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained 
from  internal,  regulatory  and  governmental  sources  are:  lending  policies  and  procedures,  nature  and  volume  of  the  portfolio, 
experience  and  ability  of  lending  management  and  staff,  volume  and  severity  of  problem  credits,  conclusion  of  loan  reviews, 
audits and exams, changes in the value of underlying collateral, effect of concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or 
geographic  standpoint,  changes  in  economic  and  business  conditions,  consumer  sentiment  and  other  external  factors.  The 
combination  of  historical  charge-off  and  qualitative  factors  are  then  weighted  for  each  risk  grade.  These  weightings  are 
determined internally based upon the likelihood of loss as a loan risk grading deteriorates.

To estimate the liability for off-balance sheet credit exposures, Bank management analyzed the portfolios of letters of credit, non-
revolving lines of credit and revolving lines of credit and based its calculation on the expectation of future advances of each loan 
category.  Letters  of  credit  were  determined  to  be  highly  unlikely  to  advance  since  they  are  generally  in  place  only  to  ensure 
various forms of performance of the borrowers. In the Bank’s history, there have been no letters of credit drawn upon. In addition, 
many of the letters of credit are cash secured and do not warrant an allocation. Non-revolving lines of credit were determined to 
be  highly  likely  to  advance  as  these  are  typically  construction  lines.  Meanwhile,  the  likelihood  of  revolving  lines  of  credit 
advancing varies with each individual borrower. Therefore, the future usage of each line was estimated based on the average line 
utilization of the revolving line of credit portfolio as a whole.

Once the estimated future advances were calculated, an allocation rate, which was derived from the Bank’s historical losses and 
qualitative environmental factors, was applied in the similar manner as those used for the allowance for loan loss calculation. The 
resulting estimated loss allocations were totaled to determine the liability for unfunded commitments related to these loans, which 
Management  considers  necessary  to  anticipate  potential  losses  on  those  commitments  that  have  a  reasonable  probability  of 
funding.  The  liability  for  unfunded  commitments  was  $0.6  million  and  $0.3  million  as  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019, 
respectively. 

Bank management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make 
appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these 
amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL.

The following tables summarize the activity of primary segments of the ALL, excluding the ALL related to PCI loans, segregated 
into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated 
for impairment for the years ending December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:

(Dollars in thousands)
ALL balance at December 31, 2019
     Charge-offs
     Recoveries
     Provision
     Allowance contributed with mortgage combination transaction
ALL balance at December 31, 2020
Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

(Dollars in thousands)
ALL balance at December 31, 2018
     Charge-offs
     Recoveries
     Provision
ALL balance at December 31, 2019
Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

Commercial
$ 

Residential

Home Equity

Consumer

Total

1,272  $ 
(224) 
— 
684 
(354) 
1,378  $ 
—  $ 
1,378  $ 

327  $ 
(23) 
9 
(15) 
— 
298  $ 
—  $ 
298  $ 

78  $ 
— 
3 
(30) 
— 
51  $ 
—  $ 
51  $ 

11,775 
(2,179) 
34 
16,484 
(354) 
25,760 
1,296 
24,464 

Residential

Home Equity

Consumer

Total

1,405  $ 
— 
1 
(134) 
1,272  $ 
—  $ 
1,272  $ 

684  $ 
— 
4 
(361) 
327  $ 
—  $ 
327  $ 

245  $ 
(10) 
49 
(206) 

78  $ 
—  $ 
78  $ 

10,939 
(1,008) 
55 
1,789 
11,775 
574 
11,201 

10,098  $ 
(1,932) 
22 
15,845 
— 
24,033  $ 
1,296  $ 
22,737  $ 

8,605  $ 
(998) 
1 
2,490 
10,098  $ 
574  $ 
9,524  $ 

Commercial
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
ALL balance at December 31, 2017
     Charge-offs
     Recoveries
     Provision
ALL balance at December 31, 2018
Individually evaluated for impairment
Collectively evaluated for impairment

Commercial
$ 

Residential

Home Equity

Consumer

Total

7,804  $ 
(1,024) 
15 
1,810 
8,605  $ 
1,043  $ 
7,562  $ 

1,119  $ 
(166) 
22 
430 
1,405  $ 
—  $ 
1,405  $ 

705  $ 
— 
59 
(80) 
684  $ 
—  $ 
684  $ 

250  $ 
(290) 
5 
280 
245  $ 
—  $ 
245  $ 

9,878 
(1,480) 
101 
2,440 
10,939 
1,043 
9,896 

$ 
$ 
$ 

The allowance for loan losses is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates. Management believes that 
the  granularity  of  the  homogeneous  pools  and  the  related  historical  loss  ratios  and  other  qualitative  factors,  as  well  as  the 
consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the 
portfolio at any given date.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

At  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  Bank  had  specific  reserve  allocations  for  TDRs  of  $0.6  million  and  $0.5  million, 
respectively. Loans considered to be troubled debt restructured loans totaled $10.2 million and $7.7 million as of December 31, 
2020  and  December  31,  2019,  respectively.  Of  these  totals,  $1.6  million  and  $4.4  million,  respectively,  represent  accruing 
troubled debt restructured loans and represent 12% and 46%, respectively, of total impaired loans. Meanwhile, as of December 
31, 2020, $8.0 million represents seven loans to three borrowers that have defaulted under the restructured terms. The largest of 
these loans, at $2.2 million, is a restructured commercial loan to a company previously dependent on the coal industry, which is 
now  structured  as  an  unsecured  loan.  Three  of  these  loans  to  an  unrelated  borrower,  totaling  $5.2  million,  are  restructured 
equipment  loans  to  a  borrower  in  the  coal  industry,  which  was  provided  extended  interest-only  terms  to  allow  time  for  the 
collateral equipment to be sold. The last of these loans are commercial acquisition and development loans totaling $0.6 million 
that were considered TDRs due to extended interest only periods and/or unsatisfactory repayment structures once transitioned to 
principal  and  interest  payments.  These  borrowers  have  experienced  continued  financial  difficulty  and  are  considered  non-
performing  loans  as  of  December  31,  2020.  The  unsecured  loan  and  the  three  development  loans  were  also  considered  non-
performing loans as of December 31, 2019.

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  no  restructured  loans  defaulted  under  their  modified  terms  that  were  not  already 
classified as non-performing for having previously defaulted under their modified terms. 

There were no commitments to advance funds to any TDRs as of December 31, 2020.

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents details related to loans identified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

New TDRs 1

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Pre-
Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded 
Investment

Post-
Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded 
Investment

Number of 
Contracts

Pre-
Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded 
Investment

Post-
Modification 
Outstanding 
Recorded 
Investment

Number of 
Contracts

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial:

Commercial business
Commercial real estate
Acquisition and development

333 
— 
— 
          Total commercial
333 
Residential
323 
Home equity
— 
Consumer
— 
          Total
656 
1  The  pre-modification  and  post-modification  balances  represent  the  balances  outstanding  immediately  before  and  after 
modification of the loan.

6,294  $ 
159 
— 
6,453 
87 
— 
— 
6,540  $ 

336  $ 
— 
— 
336 
246 
— 
— 
582  $ 

6  $ 
2 
— 
8 
1 
— 
— 
9  $ 

— 
— 
2 
3 
— 
— 
5  $ 

5,326 
150 
— 
5,476 
86 
— 
— 
5,562 

2  $ 

Purchased Credit Impaired Loans

As  a  result  of  the  acquisition  of  First  State,  the  Company  has  PCI  loans.  The  Company  did  not  hold  any  PCI  loans  as  of  
December 31, 2019. See Note 24 – Acquisitions and Divestitures for further details of the acquisition of First State.

The carrying amount of the PCI loan portfolio is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Commercial

Residential

Consumer

Outstanding balance

Carrying amount, net of allowance

Accretable yield, or income expected to be collected, is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Beginning balance

New loans purchased

Accretion of income

Reclassification from non-accretable difference

Ending balance

As of December 31, 2020

As of December 31, 2020

21,008 

16,943 

1,488 

39,439 

39,355 

— 

11,746 

(2,945) 

(488) 

8,313 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

For the PCI loan portfolio disclosed above, the Company increased the allowance for loan losses by $0.1 million during 2020. 

PCI loans purchased during 2020, for which it was probable at acquisition that all contractually required payments would not be 
collected are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Contractually required payments receivable of loans purchased during the period:

Commercial

Residential

Consumer

Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition

Fair value of loans acquired at acquisition

$ 

$ 

$ 

36,046 

47,787 

2,990 

86,823 

50,235 

Income is not recognized on PCI loans if the Company cannot reasonably estimate cash flows expected to be collected and, as of  

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2020, the Company held no such loans. 

The  following  tables  summarize  the  primary  segments  of  the  ALL,  segregated  into  the  amount  required  for  loans  individually 
evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2020 for 
the PCI loan portfolio:

(Dollars in thousands)

ALL balance as of December 31, 2019

     Charge-offs

     Provision 

ALL balance at December 31, 2020

Collectively evaluated for impairment

Residential

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 

(11) 

95 

84  $ 

84 

— 

(11) 

95 

84 

84 

As of December 31, 2020, the loans in the Company's PCI loan portfolio are all collectively evaluated for impairment and are 
segmented into three categories: commercial loans totaling $17.1 million, residential loans totaling $16.9 million and consumer 
loans totaling $1.3 million, for portfolio total of $35.4 million.

The following table represents the classes of the PCI loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories 
of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2020: 

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2020

Commercial:

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

     Commercial Business

$ 

12,263  $ 

136  $ 

345  $ 

4,860  $ 

     Commercial Real Estate

     Acquisition & Development

          Total Commercial

Residential

Consumer

982 

1,900 

15,145 

15,157 

1,256 

3 

— 

139 

— 

— 

263 

— 

608 

1,665 

— 

21 

235 

5,116 

121 

232 

          Total Loans

$ 

31,558  $ 

139  $ 

2,273  $ 

5,469  $ 

17,604 

1,269 

2,135 

21,008 

16,943 

1,488 

39,439 

The following table presents the classes of the PCI loan portfolio summarized by aging categories of performing loans and non-
accrual loans as of December 31, 2020:

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2020

Commercial:

Current

30-59 Days 
Past Due

60-89 Days 
Past Due

90+ Days 
Past Due

Total Past 
Due

Total Loans Non-Accrual

     Commercial Business

$ 

16,264  $ 

71  $ 

65  $ 

1,204  $ 

1,340  $ 

17,604  $ 

     Commercial Real Estate

     Acquisition & Development

          Total Commercial

Residential

Consumer

1,157 

2,135 

19,556 

13,714 

1,245 

— 

— 

71 

710 

3 

— 

— 

65 

145 

1 

112 

— 

1,316 

2,374 

239 

112 

— 

1,452 

3,229 

243 

1,269 

2,135 

21,008 

16,943 

1,488 

          Total Loans

$ 

34,515  $ 

784  $ 

211  $ 

3,929  $ 

4,924  $ 

39,439  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

None of the PCI loans are considered non-accrual as they are all currently accreting interest income under PCI accounting.

As the Company's PCI loan portfolio is accounted for in pools with similar risk characteristics in accordance with ASC 310-30, 
this  portfolio  is  not  subject  to  the  impaired  loan  and  TDR  guidance.  Rather,  the  revised  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  the 
individually modified loans are included in the estimated future cash flows of the pool. 

PPP Loans and CARES Act Deferrals

The  Company  is  actively  participating  in  the  PPP  as  a  lender,  evaluating  other  programs  available  to  assist  its  clients  and 
providing  deferrals  consistent  with  GSE  guidelines.  The  Company  originated  455  PPP  loans  with  original  balances  of 
$92.8 million and outstanding balances of $82.0 million as of December 31, 2020.

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2020, commercial loans totaling $34.7 million and mortgage loans totaling $13.5 million were approved for 
modifications, such as interest-only payments and payment deferrals. These modifications were not considered to be troubled debt 
restructurings in reliance on guidance issued by banking regulators titled the “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and 
Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus.” 

Note 4 – Premises and Equipment

The following table presents the components of premises and equipment at December 31,:

(Dollars in thousands)
Land
Buildings and improvements
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
Construction in progress
Leasehold improvements

Accumulated depreciation
Premises and equipment, net

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

3,936  $ 

14,350 
18,701 
326 
3,079 
40,392 
(14,189) 
26,203  $ 

3,105 
13,352 
15,553 
1,019 
1,985 
35,014 
(13,040) 
21,974 

Depreciation expense totaled $3.0 million, $3.0 million and $2.8 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The  Company  leases  certain  premises,  for  the  operation  of  banking  offices  and  certain  equipment  under  operating  and  finance 
leases.  At  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  had  lease  liabilities  totaling  $18.4  million,  of  which  $18.3  million  was  related  to 
operating  leases  and  $0.2  million  was  related  to  finance  leases,  and  right-of-use  assets  totaling  $17.7  million,  of  which 
$17.5  million  was  related  to  operating  leases  and  $0.2  million  was  related  to  finance  leases,  related  to  these  leases.  Lease 
liabilities and right-of-use assets are reflected in other liabilities and other assets, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 
2020, the weighted-average remaining lease term for finance leases was 2.3 years and the weighted-average discount rate used in 
the  measurement  of  finance  lease  liabilities  was  2.4%.  At  December  31,  2020,  the  weighted-average  remaining  lease  term  for 
operating leases was 12.9 years and the weighted-average discount rate used in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was 
2.9%. 

The  Company  leases  certain  premises,  for  the  operation  of  some  banking  offices  and  equipment  under  operating  and  finance 
leases.At  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  had  lease  liabilities  totaling  $14.8  million,  of  which  $14.6  million  was  related  to 
operating  leases  and  $0.2  million  was  related  to  finance  leases,  and  right-of-use  assets  totaling  $13.5  million,  of  which 
$13.2 million was related to operating leases and $0.3 million was related to finance leases, related to these leases. For the year 
ended December 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining lease term for finance leases was 2.7 years and the weighted-average 
discount rate used in the measurement of finance lease liabilities was 2.8%. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the weighted-
average remaining lease term for operating leases was 11.8 years and the weighted-average discount rate used in the measurement 
of operating lease liabilities was 3.5%.

Lease costs were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Amortization of right-of-use assets, finance leases
Interest on lease liabilities, finance leases
Operating lease cost
Short-term lease cost
Variable lease cost
Total lease cost

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$ 

$ 

65  $ 
4 
2,072 
27 
38 
2,206  $ 

77 
6 
2,120 
72 
38 
2,313 

Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2018, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, was $2.0 million.

There were no sale and leaseback transactions, leveraged leases or lease transactions with related parties during the year ended 
December 31, 2020. 

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Future  minimum  payments  for  finance  leases  and  operating  leases  with  initial  or  remaining  terms  of  one  year  or  more  are  as 
follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026 and thereafter
Total future minimum lease payments
Less: Amounts representing interest
Present value of net future minimum lease payments

Note 5 – Equity Method Investment

December 31, 2020

Finance Leases

Operating Leases

68  $ 
59 
41 
5 
5 
4 
182  $ 
(6)   
176  $ 

1,779 
1,623 
1,825 
1,779 
1,709 
14,280 
22,995 
(4,723) 
18,272 

$ 

$ 

$ 

In the third quarter of 2020, the Company acquired a portion of ICM and recognizes its ownership as an equity method investment 
initially  recorded  at  fair  value.  In  accordance  with  Rule  8-03(b)(3)  of  Regulation  S-X,  the  Company  must  assess  whether  its 
equity  method  investment  is  a  significant  equity  method  investment.  In  evaluating  the  significance  of  this  investment,  the 
Company  performed  the  income,  asset,  and  investment  tests  described  in  S-X  3-05  and  S-X  1-02(w).  Rule  8-03(b)(3)  of 
Regulation S-X requires summarized financial information in a quarterly report if any of the three tests exceeds 20%. Under the 
income test,  the Company’s  proportionate share of  its equity method  investee's aggregated  net income exceeded the  applicable 
threshold  of  20%,  and  accordingly  it  is  required  to  provide  summarized  income  statement  information  for  this  investee  for  all 
periods presented. The Company's share of net income from its equity method investment totaled $24.2 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2020.

The following table provides summarized income statement information for the Company's equity method investment. As ICM 
did not exist prior to July 1, 2020, no historical financial information is presented.

(Dollars in thousands)

Total revenues

Gross profit

Net income

Gain on sale of loans

Volume of loans sold

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

2020

$ 

120,323 

59,659 

59,761 

100,402 

2,948,724 

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  locked  mortgage  pipeline  was  $1.54  billion.  For  more  information,  please  see  Note  24  – 
Acquisitions and Divestitures.

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 6 – Deposits

Deposits at December 31, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Demand deposits of individuals, partnerships and corporations
     Noninterest-bearing demand
     Interest-bearing demand
     Savings and money markets
     Time deposits, including CDs and IRAs
          Total deposits

Time deposits that meet or exceed the FDIC insurance limit

Maturities of time deposits at December 31, 2020 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Total

2020

2019

715,791  $ 
496,502 
545,501 
224,595 
1,982,389  $ 

278,547 
351,435 
363,026 
272,034 
1,265,042 

16,955  $ 

8,955 

126,863 
62,833 
20,864 
12,705 
1,330 
224,595 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

As of December 31, 2020, overdrawn deposit accounts totaling $0.2 million were reclassified as loan balances. 

Note 7 – Borrowed Funds

The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At December 31, 2019 the Bank had borrowed $222.9 million. 
No amounts were outstanding as of December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, the Bank's maximum borrowing capacity with 
the FHLB was $452.2 million and the remaining borrowing capacity was $440.9 million, with the difference being deposit letters 
of credit. 

Short-term borrowings

Along with traditional deposits, the Bank has access to short-term borrowings from FHLB to fund its operations and investments. 

Information related to short-term borrowings is summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at end of year
Average balance during the year
Maximum month-end balance
Weighted-average rate during the year
Weighted-average rate at December 31

Long-term borrowings

$ 

2020

2019

$ 

— 
68,407 
154,248 

 0.58 %
 — %

192,063 
187,226 
240,811 

 2.24 %
 1.81 %

As of December 31, 2020, the Bank had no long-term borrowings with the FHLB. As of December 31, 2019, the Bank had long-
term borrowings totaling $30.8 million. Of this total, $30.0 million was fixed interest rate notes, originated in November 2019, 
due between November 2022 and November 2024, with interest of between  1.7% and 1.8% payable monthly and $0.8  million 
was fixed interest rate notes, originated between October 2006 and April 2007, due between October 2021 and April 2022, with 
interest of between 5.18% and 5.20% payable monthly.

Repurchase agreements

Along with traditional deposits, the Bank has access to securities sold under agreements to repurchase. Repurchase agreements 
with  customers  represent  funds  deposited  by  customers,  on  an  overnight  basis,  that  are  collateralized  by  investment  securities 
owned  by  the  Company.  Repurchase  agreements  with  customers  are  presented  as  an  individual  line  item  on  the  consolidated 

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
balance  sheets.  All  repurchase  agreements  are  subject  to  terms  and  conditions  of  repurchase/security  agreements  between  the 
Company  and  the  client  and  are  accounted  for  as  secured  borrowings.  The  Company’s  repurchase  agreements  reflected  in 
liabilities consist of customer accounts and securities which are pledged on an individual security basis.

The Company monitors the fair value of the underlying securities on a monthly basis. Repurchase agreements are reflected at the 
amount of cash received in connection with the transaction and included in securities sold under agreements to repurchase on the 
consolidated  balance  sheets.  The  primary  risk  with  the  Company's  repurchase  agreements  is  market  risk  associated  with  the 
investments  securing  the  transactions,  as  it  may  be  required  to  provide  additional  collateral  based  on  fair  value  changes  of  the 
underlying investments. Securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements are maintained with safekeeping agents.

All of the Company’s repurchase agreements were overnight agreements at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. These 
borrowings  were  collateralized  with  investment  securities  with  a  carrying  value  of  $10.7  million  and  $10.5  million  at 
December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2019,  respectively,  and  were  comprised  of  United  States  Government  Agencies  and 
Mortgage  backed  securities.  Declines  in  the  value  of  the  collateral  would  require  the  Company  to  increase  the  amounts  of 
securities pledged.

Information related to repurchase agreements is summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at end of year
Average balance during the year
Maximum month-end balance
Weighted-average rate during the year
Weighted-average rate at December 31

Subordinated Debt

Information related to subordinated debt is summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at end of year
Average balance during the year
Maximum month-end balance
Weighted-average rate during the year
Weighted-average rate at December 31

$ 

$ 

2020

2019

$ 

10,266 
9,856 
10,505 

 0.23 %
 0.14 %

2020

2019

$ 

43,407 
7,568 
43,524 

 3.45 %
 4.02 %

10,172 
11,252 
14,655 

 0.43 %
 0.44 %

4,124 
12,125 
17,524 

 6.35 %
 3.51 %

In  November  2020,  the  Company  completed  the  private  placement  of  $40  million  fixed-to-floating  rate  subordinated  notes  to 
certain qualified institutional investors. These notes are unsecured and have a ten-year term, maturing December 1, 2030, and will 
bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.25%, payable semi-annually in arrears, for the first five years of the term. Thereafter, the interest 
rate  will  reset  quarterly  to  an  interest  rate  per  annum  equal  to  a  benchmark  rate,  which  is  expected  to  be  Three-Month  Term 
SOFR,  plus  401  basis  points,  payable  quarterly  in  arrears.  These  notes  have  been  structured  to  qualify  as  Tier  2  capital  for 
regulatory capital purposes.

In March 2007, the Company completed the private placement of $4 million Floating Rate, Trust Preferred Securities through its 
MVB Financial Statutory Trust I subsidiary (the “Trust”). The Company established the Trust for the sole purpose of issuing the 
Trust  Preferred  Securities  pursuant  to  an  Amended  and  Restated  Declaration  of  Trust.  The  Trust  Preferred  Securities  and  the 
Debentures  mature  in  2037  and  have  been  redeemable  by  the  Company  since  2012.  Interest  payments  are  due  in  March,  June, 
September  and  December  and  are  adjusted  at  the  interest  due  dates  at  a  rate  of  1.62%  over  the  three-month  LIBOR  Rate.  The 
obligations  of  the  Company  with  respect  to  the  issuance  of  the  trust  preferred  securities  constitute  a  full  and  unconditional 
guarantee  by  the  Company  of  the  Trust’s  obligations  with  respect  to  the  trust  preferred  securities  to  the  extent  set  forth  in  the 
related guarantees. The securities issued by the Trust are includable for regulatory purposes as a component of the Company’s 
Tier 1 capital.

In June 2014, the Company issued its Convertible Subordinated Promissory Notes to various investors in the aggregate principal 
amount  of  $29.4  million.  The  notes  were  issued  in  $0.1  million  increments  per  note,  subject  to  a  minimum  investment  of  $1 
million. The Notes were to expire 10 years after the initial issuance date of the Notes. In July 2019, the Federal Reserve Board 
provided the Company with its approval for the Company to redeem all of the outstanding Notes. On or about August 1, 2019, the 

97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company provided notice to the holders of the outstanding notes that it would redeem the outstanding notes on September 30, 
2019.

In 2019, $1.0 million of subordinated debt was converted into common stock, which resulted in the issuance of 62,500 new shares 
and  $12.4  million  of  subordinated  debt  was  redeemed.  These  transactions  provided  an  annual  interest  expense  savings  of 
$1.0 million.

In 2018, $16.0 million of subordinated debt was converted into common stock, which resulted in the issuance of 1,000,000 new 
shares and providing an annual interest expense savings of $1.1 million.

The Company recognized interest expense on its subordinated debt of $0.3 million, $0.8 million and $1.8 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Note 8 – Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Commitments

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing 
needs  of  its  customers.  These  financial  instruments  include  commitments  to  extend  credit  and  standby  letters  of  credit.  These 
instruments  involve,  to  varying  degrees,  elements  of  credit  and  interest  rate  risk  in  excess  of  the  amounts  recognized  in  the 
statements of financial condition.

The  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of  nonperformance  by  the  other  party  to  the  financial  instruments  for 
commitments  to  extend  credit  and  standby  letters  of  credit  is  represented  by  the  contractual  amount  of  those  instruments.  The 
Company  uses  the  same  credit  policies  in  making  commitments  and  conditional  obligations  as  it  does  for  on-balance-sheet 
instruments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in 
the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. 
Since  many  of  the  commitments  are  expected  to  expire  without  being  drawn  upon,  the  total  commitment  amounts  do  not 
necessarily  represent  future  cash  requirements.  The  Company  evaluates  each  customer’s  credit  worthiness  on  a  case-by-case 
basis. The amount and type of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, varies and is 
based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a 
third-party. Standby letters of credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment 
of  a  fee.  The  credit  risk  involved  in  issuing  letters  of  credit  is  essentially  the  same  as  that  involved  in  extending  loans  to 
customers.  The  Company’s  policy  for  obtaining  collateral,  and  the  nature  of  such  collateral,  is  essentially  the  same  as  that 
involved in making commitments to extend credit.

Specifically,  the  Bank  has  entered  into  agreements  to  extend  credit  or  provide  conditional  payments  pursuant  to  standby  and 
commercial letters of credit. In addition, the Bank utilizes letters of credit issued by the FHLB to collateralize certain public funds 
deposits. 

Total contractual amounts of the commitments as of December 31, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Available on lines of credit
Stand-by letters of credit
Other loan commitments

Concentration of Credit Risk

2020

2019

393,814  $ 
19,806 
22,418 
436,038  $ 

385,871 
18,145 
24,821 
428,837 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  grants  a  majority  of  its  commercial,  financial,  agricultural,  real  estate  and  installment  loans  to  customers 
throughout  the  North  Central  West  Virginia  Northern  Virginia  markets.  Collateral  for  loans  is  primarily  residential  and 
commercial  real  estate,  personal  property  and  business  equipment.  The  Company  evaluates  the  credit  worthiness  of  each  of  its 
customers on a case-by-case basis and the amount of collateral it obtains is based upon management’s credit evaluation.

98

 
 
 
 
Regulatory

The  Company  is  required  to  maintain  certain  reserve  balances  on  hand  in  accordance  with  the  Federal  Reserve  Board 
requirements. In accordance with these requirements, the Company implemented a deposit reclassification program that allowed 
the Company to maintain no such reserve balances as of  December 31, 2020 and 2019. 

Contingent Liabilities

The subsidiary Bank is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management 
and counsel, the outcome of these matters will not have a significant adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Note 9 – Income Taxes

The provisions for income taxes for the years ended December 31, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Current:
     Federal
     State

Deferred:
     Federal
     State

Income tax expense 

2020

2019

2018

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

10,899  $ 
2,019 

12,918  $ 

(3,183)  $ 
(203) 
(3,386) 
9,532  $ 

10,450  $ 
2,101 

12,551  $ 

(3,716)  $ 
(237) 
(3,953) 
8,598  $ 

2,203 
1,031 
3,234 

117 
22 
139 
3,373 

Following is a reconciliation of income taxes at federal statutory rates to recorded income taxes for the year ended December 31:

(Dollars in thousands)

Amount

%  

Amount

%  

Amount

%  

Income tax at federal statutory rate

$ 

9,858 

 21.0 % $ 

7,353 

 21.0 % $ 

3,229 

 21.0 %

2020

2019

2018

Tax effect of:

     State income taxes, net of federal income taxes

     Tax exempt earnings

     Other

1,435 

(1,381) 

(380) 

 3.1 %  

 (3.0) %  

 (0.8) %  

2,101 

(856) 

— 

 6.0 %  

 (2.8) %  

 — %  

738 

(594) 

— 

$ 

9,532 

 20.3 % $ 

8,598 

 24.2 % $ 

3,373 

 4.8 %

 (3.9) %

 — %

 21.9 %

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities were comprised of the following at December 31:

(Dollars in thousands)
Gross deferred tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses
Minimum pension liability
SERP/RSU
Other
     Total gross deferred tax assets

Gross deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation
Pension
Unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale
Holding gain on equity securities
Goodwill
     Total gross deferred tax liabilities

2020

2019

$ 

7,141  $ 
1,544 
1,039 
1,209 
10,933 

(1,733) 
(262) 
(2,320) 
(3,893) 
(2,498) 
(10,706) 

3,310 
1,589 
652 
10 
5,561 

(1,505) 
(164) 
(1,088) 
(3,838) 
(2,134) 
(8,729) 

     Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

$ 

227  $ 

(3,168) 

Deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities were included in other assets and other liabilities, respectively.

The Company has invested, as a limited partner, in three Section 42 affordable housing investment funds. In exchange for these 
investments, the Company receives its pro rata share of income, expense, gains and losses, including tax credits, that are received 
by the projects. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company recognized, as an investment, $2.8 million and 
$3.0 million in the aggregate between the three affordable housing investment funds. In addition, the Company has recognized no 
gains or losses from the  funds.

Note 10 – Related Party Transactions

The Company has granted loans to officers and directors of the Company and to their immediate family members as well as loans 
to related companies. These related party loans are made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as 
those  prevailing  at  the  time  for  comparable  transactions  with  unrelated  parties  and  do  not  involve  more  than  normal  risk  of 
collectability. Set forth below is a summary of the related loan activity.

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Balance at 
Beginning of 
Year

Borrowings

 Executive 
Officer and 
Director 
Retirements

Repayments

Balance at 
End of Year

$ 

$ 

12,284  $ 

24,453  $ 

(8,187)  $ 

(1,127)  $ 

27,423 

27,971  $ 

13,897  $ 

—  $ 

(29,584)  $ 

12,284 

The  Company  held  related  party  deposits  of  $73.8  million  and  $35.5  million  at  December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2019, 
respectively. 

The Company held no related party repurchase agreements at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Note 11 – Pension Plan

The Company participates in a trusteed pension plan known as the Allegheny Group Retirement Plan covering virtually all full-
time employees. Benefits are based on years of service and the employee’s compensation. Accruals under this plan were frozen as 
of May 31, 2014. Freezing the plan resulted in a re-measurement of the pension obligations and plan assets as of the freeze date. 
The pension obligation was re-measured using the discount rate based on the Citigroup Above Median Pension Discount Curve in 
effect on May 31, 2014 of 4.46%.

On  June  19,  2017,  the  Company  approved  a  Supplemental  Executive  Retirement  Plan  (“SERP”),  pursuant  to  which  the  Chief 

100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Executive Officer of PMG is entitled to receive certain supplemental nonqualified retirement benefits. The SERP took effect on 
December 31, 2017. If the executive completes three years of continuous employment prior to retirement date (which shall be no 
earlier  than  the  date  he  attains  age  55)  he  will,  upon  retirement,  be  entitled  to  receive  $1.8  million  payable  in  180  equal 
consecutive installments of $10 thousand. The liability is calculated by discounting the anticipated future cash flows at 4.0%. The 
liability accrued for this obligation was $1.2 million and $0.8 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Service 
cost was $0.2 million and $0.4 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Pension expense was $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Information pertaining to the activity in the Company’s defined benefit plan, using the latest available actuarial valuations with a 
measurement date of December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Change in benefit obligation
     Benefit obligation at beginning of year
     Interest cost
     Actuarial loss
     Assumption changes
     Benefits paid
     Benefit obligation at end of year

Change in plan assets:
     Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
     Actual return on plan assets
     Employer contribution
     Benefits paid
     Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Funded status
Unrecognized net actuarial loss
Prepaid pension cost recognized

Accumulated benefit obligation

2020

2019

11,435  $ 
365 
(54) 
1,255 
(286) 
12,715  $ 

6,165  $ 
511 
706 
(286) 
7,096  $ 

(5,619)  $ 
6,591 

972  $ 

9,416 
392 
99 
1,769 
(241) 
11,435 

5,238 
808 
360 
(241) 
6,165 

(5,270) 
5,883 
613 

12,715  $ 

11,435 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

At December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation are as follows:

Discount rate
Rate of compensation increase

The components of net periodic pension cost are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of net actuarial loss
Net periodic pension cost

2020

2019

2018

 2.50 %
N/A

 3.24 %
N/A

 4.23 %
N/A

2020

2019

2018

$ 

$ 

365  $ 
(438) 
420 
347  $ 

392  $ 
(407) 
271 
256  $ 

352 
(372) 
306 
286 

101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost 
are as follows:

Discount rate
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increase

2020

2019

2018

 2.50 %
 6.75 %
N/A

 3.24 %
 6.75 %
N/A

 3.55 %
 6.75 %
N/A

The Company’s pension plan asset allocations at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:

Plan Assets
     Cash
     Fixed income
     Alternative investments
     Domestic equities
     Foreign equities
     Real estate investment trusts
     Total

2020

2019

 9 %
 20 %
 19 %
 27 %
 24 %
 1 %
 100 %

 4 %
 23 %
 15 %
 33 %
 24 %
 1 %
 100 %

The  estimated  net  loss  for  the  plan  that  is  expected  to  be  amortized  from  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  into  net 
periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $0.5 million.

The  following  table  sets  forth  by  level  within  the  fair  value  hierarchy,  as  defined  in  Note  18  –  Fair  Value  Measurements,  the 
Pension Plan’s assets at fair value as of December 31, 2020.

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
     Cash
     Fixed income
     Alternative investments
     Domestic equities
     Foreign equities
     Real estate investment trusts

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

$ 

639  $ 

1,419 
— 
1,916 
1,703 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

—  $ 
— 
1,348 
— 
— 
71 

Total assets at fair value

$ 

5,677  $ 

—  $ 

1,419  $ 

639 
1,419 
1,348 
1,916 
1,703 
71 

7,096 

The  following  table  sets  forth  by  level,  within  the  fair  value  hierarchy,  as  defined  in  Note  18  –  Fair  Value  Measurements,  the 
Pension Plan’s assets at fair value as of December 31, 2019.

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
     Cash
     Fixed income
     Alternative investments
     Domestic equities
     Foreign equities
     Real estate investment trusts

$ 

247  $ 

1,418 
— 
2,034 
1,480 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

—  $ 

—  $ 
— 
925 
— 
— 
61 

986  $ 

247 
1,418 
925 
2,034 
1,480 
61 

6,165 

Total assets at fair value

$ 

5,179  $ 

Investment in government securities and short-term investments are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on 
which the individual securities are traded. Alternative investments and investment in debt securities are valued at quoted prices 
which are available but traded less frequently, and items that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of 
which can be directly observed. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of 
net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while this plan believes its valuation methods are appropriate 
and  consistent  with  other  market  participants,  the  use  of  different  methodologies  or  assumptions  to  determine  the  fair  value  of 
certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table includes the Company's best estimate of the plan contribution for next fiscal year and the benefits expected to 
be paid in each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter.

(Dollars in thousands)
Contributions for the period of January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021

Estimated future benefit payments reflecting expected future service

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026 through 2030

Cash Flow

199 

344 
407 
423 
445 
508 
2,652 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

Note 12 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The  table  below  summarizes  the  changes  in  carrying  amounts  of  goodwill  and  other  intangibles,  including  core  deposit 
intangibles, for the periods presented:

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2020

Reduction of goodwill and intangibles from sale of branches to Summit
Intangibles resulting from First State acquisition
Reduction of goodwill from ICM transaction
Goodwill resulting from Paladin acquisition
Amortization expense

Balance at December 31, 2020

Balance at January 1, 2019

Goodwill and intangibles resulting from Chartwell acquisition
Amortization expense

Balance at December 31, 2019

Balance at January 1, 2018
Amortization expense

Balance at December 31, 2018

Intangibles

Accumulated 
Depreciation

Gross

4,226  $ 
(845) 
560 
— 
— 
— 
3,941  $ 

(753)  $ 
441 
— 
— 
— 
(1,229) 
(1,541)  $ 

Net

3,473 
(404) 
560 
— 
— 
(1,229) 
2,400 

Goodwill
$  19,630  $ 
(1,598) 
— 
(16,882) 
1,200 
— 
2,350  $ 

$ 

$  18,480  $ 
1,150 
— 

$  19,630  $ 

1,006  $ 
3,220 
— 
4,226  $ 

(456)  $ 
— 
(297) 
(753)  $ 

550 
3,220 
(297) 
3,473 

$  18,480  $ 

— 

$  18,480  $ 

1,006  $ 
— 
1,006  $ 

(360)  $ 
(96) 
(456)  $ 

646 
(96) 
550 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of acquired net assets under the acquisition method of 
accounting.  Intangibles  represent  the  core  deposit  intangibles  from  the  acquisition  of  First  State  in  2020  and  the  intangibles 
resulting from the Chartwell and Paladin acquisitions. The value of the acquired core deposit relationships was determined using 
the present value of the difference between a market participant’s cost of obtaining alternative funds and the cost to maintain the 
acquired deposit base. The core deposit intangibles were being amortized over a ten-year period using an accelerated method. The 
intangibles resulting from the Chartwell acquisition are related to their customer relationships, backlog, a trademark and a non-
competition agreement. These items are amortized over five years, 5.3 years, 15 years and four years, respectively.

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below presents estimated amortization expense for the Company’s other intangible assets (dollars in thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Thereafter

$ 

$ 

616 
616 
507 
235 
47 
379 
2,400 

The Company’s assessment of qualitative factors determined that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting 
unit is less than its carrying amount and therefore, goodwill is not impaired as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company has 
not identified any triggering events since the impairment evaluation that would indicate potential impairment.

Intangibles, including core deposit intangibles are evaluated for impairment if events and circumstances indicate a potential for 
impairment. Such an evaluation of other intangible assets is based on undiscounted cash flow projections. No impairment charges 
were recorded for other intangible assets in any of the periods presented.

Note 13 – Stock Offerings

In August 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company announced the approval of a stock repurchase program, of which 49,100 
shares were repurchased for $0.7 million at an average price of $14.52 per share, between March 2020 and July 2020. In August 
2020, the Board of Directors of the Company announced the approval of an extension of the existing stock repurchase program. 
Under the extended program, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $5.0 million of its outstanding shares of common 
stock over the next 12 months or until the aggregate share repurchases are completed, whichever date comes first, on the open 
market  or  in  privately  negotiated  transactions.  The  stock  repurchase  program  does  not  require  the  Company  to  repurchase  any 
specified number of shares of its common stock, and it may be discontinued, suspended or restarted at any time at the Company's 
discretion. From August 2020 through November 2020, the Company purchased an additional 210,824 shares for $3.5 million at 
an average price of $15.93 per share.

In December 2020, the Company repurchased 536,490 shares of its common stock at a price of $20.25 per share via a modified 
“Dutch auction” tender offer. Additionally, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase from time to time, on or 
before  December  31,  2021,  of  up  to  $31.9  million  of  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  as  part  of  the  Company’s  stock 
repurchase program, which repurchases may occur from time to time, on the open market or otherwise, at such prices and upon 
such terms as the Company may determine and otherwise in accordance with applicable law.

Note 14 – Stock Options and Other Equity Awards

The MVB Financial Corp. Incentive Stock Plan (the “Plan”) provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock awards 
and RSUs to selected employees and directors. As of December 31, 2020, the Plan had 3.2 million shares authorized and 569,997 
shares remaining available for issuance. To date, the Company has awarded both stock options and RSUs to selected employees 
and directors. 

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized as salary and employee benefit cost the fair value of the instruments on the date 
of  the  grant.  The  amount  that  the  Company  recognized  in  stock-based  compensation  expense  related  to  the  issuance  of  stock 
options and RSUs is presented in the following table:

(Dollars in thousands)
Stock Options
RSUs
Total Stock-based compensation expense

$ 

$ 

2020

2019

2018

950  $ 

1,403 
2,353  $ 

873  $ 
886 
1,759  $ 

936 
331 
1,267 

Proceeds from stock options exercised were $4.5 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 
During  2020,  2019  and  2018,  certain  options  were  exercised  in  cashless  transactions.  Shares  were  forfeited  related  to  exercise 
price and related tax obligations and the Company paid tax authorities amounts due resulting in a net cash outflow.

104

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock Options

Under the provisions of the Plan, the option price per share shall not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the 
date of the grant. Stock options expire ten years from the date of the grant. With the exception of 125,000 shares granted in 2017 
that vest in four years and expire in ten years, all options granted vest in five years and expire ten years from the date of the grant. 

The following summarizes stock options as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020  and 2019 and the changes for the years 
then ended:

2020

Number of Shares

Weighted-Average Exercise 
Price

Outstanding at beginning of year
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired

Outstanding at end of year

Exercisable at end of year

Weighted-average fair value of options granted during 2020
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during 2019
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during 2018

1,593,241  $ 
126,250 
(305,697) 
(9,750) 
(7,250) 

1,396,794  $ 

947,988  $ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

14.96 
18.11 
14.36 
16.85 
14.78 

15.36 

14.66 

4.48 
4.22 
5.97 

The intrinsic value of options exercised during 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $1.9 million, $1.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

The fair value for the options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following 
inputs: 

Average risk-free interest rates

Weighted-average life

Expected volatility

Expected dividend yield

2020

2019

2018

 0.66 %

seven years

 30.9 %

 2.20 %

 2.02 %

seven years

 21.8 %

 0.84 %

 2.81 %

seven years

 18.6 %

 0.54 %

The following summarizes information related to the total outstanding and exercisable stock options at December 31, 2020:

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Total Options

Weighted-
Average 
Exercise Price

Intrinsic Value 
(in millions)

Weighted-
Average 
Remaining Life

Total Options

Weighted-
Average 
Exercise Price

Intrinsic Value 
(in millions)

Weighted-
Average 
Remaining Life

1,396,794

$15.36

$10.2

5.64

947,988

$14.66

$7.6

4.80

At  December  31,  2020,  based  on  stock  options  outstanding  at  that  time,  the  total  unrecognized  pre-tax  compensation  expense 
related to unvested stock options was $1.3 million. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 
years. At December 31, 2020, the fair value of stock options vested during the year was $0.9 million. 

Restricted Stock Units

Under  the  provisions  of  the  Plan,  RSUs  are  similar  to  restricted  stock  awards,  except  the  recipient  does  not  receive  the  stock 
immediately,  but  instead  receives  it  according  to  a  vesting  plan  and  distribution  schedule  after  achieving  required  performance 
milestones  or  upon  remaining  with  the  Company  for  a  particular  length  of  time.  Each  RSU  that  vests  entitles  the  recipient  to 
receive  one  share  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  on  a  specified  issuance  date.  The  recipient  does  not  have  any  stockholder 
rights,  including  voting,  dividend  or  liquidation  rights,  with  respect  to  the  shares  underlying  awarded  RSUs  until  the  recipient 
becomes the record holder of those shares.

105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company granted 153,642 RSUs in 2020, 97,911 of which were time-based awards and 55,731 of which were performance-
based  awards.  Time-based  RSUs  granted  in  2020  vest  in  five  equal  installments  per  year  over  a  five-year  period,  with  the 
exception of time-based grants to members of the board of directors, which vest over a one-year period. Performance-based RSUs 
vest in one installment at the end of three years, based on set criteria. 

A summary of the activity for the Company’s RSUs for the period indicated is presented in the following table:

Balance at beginning of year
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Balance at end of year

Weighted-average fair value of RSUs granted during 2020
Weighted-average fair value of RSUs granted during 2019
Weighted-average fair value of RSUs granted during 2018

2020

Shares

Weighted-Average Grant 
Date Fair Value

160,758  $ 
153,642 
(53,981) 
(7,383) 
253,036  $ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

16.67 
13.08 
15.36 
16.55 
14.70 

13.08 
15.50 
19.33 

At  December  31,  2020,  based  on  RSU  awards  outstanding  at  that  time,  the  total  unrecognized  pre-tax  compensation  expense 
related to unvested RSU awards was $2.3 million. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 
years. At December 31, 2020, the fair value of RSU awards vested during the year was $0.8 million. 

Note 15 – Regulatory Capital Requirements

The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. 
Failure  to  meet  minimum  capital  requirements  can  initiate  certain  mandatory,  and  possibly  additional  discretionary,  actions  by 
regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Bank is 
required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the FDIC. The Company is exempt from the Federal 
Reserve Board’s capital adequacy standards as it believes it meets the requirements of the Small Bank Holding Company Policy 
Statement. West Virginia state chartered banks, such as the Bank, are subject to similar capital requirements adopted by the West 
Virginia Division of Financial Institutions.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and 
ratios of Total capital, Tier 1 capital and Tier 1 common equity to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to average assets, as 
defined. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company and the Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are 
subject.

The most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt 
corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, Tier 
1 common equity risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the table below. Both the Company’s and the Bank’s actual 
capital amounts and ratios are presented in the table below.

106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)

As of December 31, 2020

     Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

Actual

Minimum Capital 
Requirement

Minimum to be Well 
Capitalized

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

          Subsidiary Bank

$ 

273,318 

15.8%

$ 

138,277 

8.0%

$ 

172,846 

10.0%

     Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

$ 

251,565 

14.6%

$ 

103,708 

6.0%

$ 

138,277 

8.0%

     Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

     Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

As of December 31, 2019

     Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

$ 

251,565 

14.6%

$ 

251,565 

11.0%

$ 

$ 

77,781 

4.5%

$ 

112,350 

6.5%

91,269 

4.0%

$ 

114,086 

5.0%

          Subsidiary Bank

$ 

201,672 

12.8%

$ 

125,686 

8.0%

$ 

157,107 

10.0%

     Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

$ 

189,365 

12.1%

     Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

     Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)

          Subsidiary Bank

$ 

189,365 

12.1%

$ 

189,365 

9.9%

$ 

$ 

$ 

94,264 

6.0%

$ 

125,686 

8.0%

70,698 

4.5%

$ 

102,120 

6.5%

76,182 

4.0%

$ 

95,227 

5.0%

Note 16 – Regulatory Restriction on Dividends

The approval of the regulatory agencies is required if the total of all dividends declared by the Bank in any calendar year exceeds 
the Bank’s net profits, as defined, for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two calendar years.

107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 17 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values and estimated fair values of financial instruments are summarized as follows:

Fair Value Measurements at:

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2020
Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Certificates of deposit with banks
Securities available-for-sale
Equity securities
Loans held-for-sale
Loans
Mortgage servicing rights
Interest rate swap
Accrued interest receivable
Fair value hedge
Bank-owned life insurance

Financial liabilities:

Deposits
Repurchase agreements
Fair value hedge
Interest rate swap
Accrued interest payable
Subordinated debt

December 31, 2019
Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Certificates of deposits with banks
Securities available-for-sale
Equity securities
Loans held-for-sale
Loans
Mortgage servicing rights
Interest rate lock commitment
Interest rate swap
Fair value hedge
Accrued interest receivable
Bank-owned life insurance

Financial liabilities:

Deposits
Repurchase agreements
FHLB and other borrowings
Mortgage-backed security hedges
Fair value hedge
Interest rate swap
Accrued interest payable
Subordinated debt

Carrying Value

Estimated Fair 
Value

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for Identical 
Assets (Level I)

Significant Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level II)

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs (Level III)

$ 

263,893  $ 

263,893  $ 

11,803 
410,624 
27,585 
1,062 
1,427,900 
2,942 
13,822 
7,793 
2,215 
41,262 

11,986 
410,624 
27,585 
1,062 
1,434,275 
2,942 
13,822 
7,793 
2,215 
41,262 

263,893  $ 
— 
— 
472 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

—  $ 

11,986 
366,945 
— 
1,062 
— 
— 
13,822 
2,770 
2,215 
41,262 

— 
— 
43,679 
27,113 
— 
1,434,275 
2,942 
— 
5,023 
— 
— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

1,982,389  $ 
10,266 
2,141 
13,822 
572 
43,407 

1,964,860  $ 
10,266 
2,141 
13,822 
572 
45,536 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

1,964,860  $ 
10,266 
2,141 
13,822 
572 
45,536 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

28,002  $ 
12,549 
235,821 
18,514 
109,788 
1,362,766 
348 
1,660 
5,722 
1,770 
7,909 
35,374 

1,265,042  $ 
10,172 
222,885 
186 
1,418 
5,722 
1,060 
4,124 

28,002  $ 
12,586 
235,821 
18,514 
109,788 
1,364,706 
348 
1,660 
5,722 
1,770 
7,909 
35,374 

1,249,135  $ 
10,172 
222,891 
186 
1,418 
5,722 
1,060 
4,124 

28,002  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

—  $ 

12,586 
198,562 
— 
109,788 
— 
— 
— 
5,722 
1,770 
1,592 
35,374 

— 
— 
37,259 
18,514 
— 
1,364,706 
348 
1,660 
— 
— 
6,317 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

1,249,135  $ 
10,172 
222,891 
186 
1,418 
5,722 
1,060 
4,124 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

108

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 18 – Fair Value Measurements

Fair  value  estimates  are  made  at  a  specific  point  in  time,  based  on  relevant  market  information  about  the  financial  instrument. 
These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire 
holdings  of  a  particular  financial  instrument.  Because  no  market  exists  for  a  significant  portion  of  the  Company’s  financial 
instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, 
risk  characteristics  of  various  financial  instruments  and  other  factors.  These  estimates  are  subjective  in  nature  and  involve 
uncertainties  and  matters  of  significant  judgment  and  therefore,  cannot  be  determined  with  precision.  Changes  in  assumptions 
could significantly affect the estimates. Fair value estimates are based on existing on-and-off balance sheet financial instruments 
without  attempting  to  estimate  the  value  of  anticipated  future  business  and  the  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not 
considered financial instruments.

Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis

As  required  by  accounting  standards,  financial  assets  and  liabilities  are  classified  in  their  entirety  based  on  the  lowest  level  of 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company classified investments in government securities as Level II 
instruments and valued them using the market approach. The following measurements are made on a recurring basis.

Available-for-sale  investment  securities  —  Available-for-sale  investment  securities  are  recorded  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring 
basis.  Fair  value  measurement  is  based  upon  quoted  prices,  if  available.  If  quoted  prices  are  not  available,  fair  values  are 
measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash 
flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level I 
securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, United States Treasury securities 
that  are  traded  by  dealers  or  brokers  in  active  over-the-counter  markets  and  money  market  funds.  Level  II  securities  include 
mortgage-backed  securities  issued  by  government  sponsored  entities  and  private  label  entities,  municipal  bonds  and  corporate 
debt securities. There have been no changes in valuation techniques for the year ended December 31, 2020. Valuation techniques 
are consistent with techniques used in prior periods. Certain local municipal securities related to tax increment financing (“TIF”) 
are independently valued and classified as Level III instruments. 

Equity securities — Certain equity securities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value measurement is based 
upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or 
other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, 
prepayment  assumptions  and  other  factors  such  as  credit  loss  assumptions.  The  valuation  methodologies  utilized  may  include 
significant unobservable inputs. 

Loans  held-for-sale  —  The  fair  value  of  mortgage  loans  held-for-sale  is  determined,  when  possible,  using  quoted  secondary-
market prices or investor commitments. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices 
for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan, which would be used by other market participants.

Interest rate lock commitment — The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments based on the value of 
the underlying mortgage loan, quoted mortgage-backed security prices and estimates of the fair value of the mortgage servicing 
rights and the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitments. 

Mortgage-backed security hedges — Mortgage-backed security hedges are considered derivatives and are recorded at fair value 
based on observable market data of the individual mortgage-backed security.

Interest rate swap — Interest rate swaps are recorded at fair value based on third-party vendors who compile prices from various 
sources and may determine fair value of identical or similar instruments by using pricing models that consider observable market 
data.

Fair value hedge — Treated like an interest rate swap, fair value hedges are recorded at fair value based on third-party vendors 
who compile prices from various sources and may determine fair value of identical or similar instruments by using pricing models 
that consider observable market data.

109

The  following  tables  present  the  assets  reported  on  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  condition  at  their  fair  value  on  a 
recurring basis as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 by level within the fair value hierarchy. 

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
     United States government agency securities
     United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities
     Municipal securities
     Other securities
     Equity securities
     Loans held-for-sale
     Interest rate swap
     Fair value hedge
Liabilities:
     Interest rate swap
Fair value hedge

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
     United States government agency securities
     United States sponsored mortgage-backed securities
     Municipal securities
     Other securities
     Loans held-for-sale
     Interest rate lock commitment

Interest rate swap
     Fair value hedge
Liabilities:
     Interest rate swap
     Fair value hedge

Mortgage-backed security hedges

$ 

$ 

December 31, 2020

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
472 
— 
— 
— 

56,992  $ 
95,769 
188,208 
18,476 
— 
1,062 
13,822 
2,215 

—  $ 
— 
43,679 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

13,822 
2,141 

— 
— 

56,992 
95,769 
231,887 
18,476 
472 
1,062 
13,822 
2,215 

13,822 
2,141 

December 31, 2019

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

51,996  $ 
58,312 
75,833 
12,421 
109,788 
— 
5,722 
1,770 

5,722 
1,418 
186 

—  $ 
— 
37,259 
— 
— 
1,660 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

51,996 
58,312 
113,092 
12,421 
109,788 
1,660 
5,722 
1,770 

5,722 
1,418 
186 

110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table represents recurring Level III assets:

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2019

Realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings
Purchase of securities
Maturities/calls

Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income 
(loss)

Unrealized loss included in other comprehensive income 
(loss)

Balance at December 31, 2020

Balance at December 31, 2018

Realized and unrealized losses included in earnings
Purchase of securities
Reclassification to nonrecurring assets
Maturities/calls

Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income 
(loss)

Unrealized loss included in other comprehensive income 
(loss)

Balance at December 31, 2019

Assets Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis

Interest Rate Lock 
Commitments

Municipal 
Securities

Equity Securities

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

1,660  $ 
(1,660) 
— 
— 

37,259  $ 
3 
22,228 
(15,778) 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 

38,919 
(1,657) 
22,228 
(15,778) 

— 

7,119 

— 

7,119 

— 
—  $ 

(7,152) 
43,679  $ 

1,750  $ 
(90) 
— 
— 
— 

33,122  $ 
— 
842 
— 
(15,716) 

— 

34,702 

— 
—  $ 

300  $ 

— 
— 
(300) 
— 

— 

— 
1,660  $ 

(15,691) 
37,259  $ 

— 
—  $ 

(7,152) 
43,679 

35,172 
(90) 
842 
(300) 
(15,716) 

34,702 

(15,691) 
38,919 

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain financial assets, financial liabilities, non-financial assets and 
non-financial  liabilities  at  fair  value  on  a  nonrecurring  basis  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP.  These  include  assets  that  are 
measured at the lower of cost or market value that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period. Certain non-
financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include foreclosed assets (upon initial recognition or subsequent 
impairment), non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value in the second step of a goodwill impairment 
test,  and  intangible  assets  and  other  non-financial  long-lived  assets  measured  at  fair  value  for  impairment  assessment.  Non-
financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during 2020 and 2019 include certain foreclosed assets which, upon 
initial recognition, were remeasured and reported at fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for possible loan losses and 
certain  foreclosed  assets  which,  subsequent  to  their  initial  recognition,  were  remeasured  at  fair  value  through  a  write-down 
included in other noninterest expense.

Impaired loans — Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the 
contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management 
measures impairment using one of several methods, including collateral value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those 
impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed 
the recorded investments in such loans. Collateral values are estimated using Level II inputs based on observable market data or 
Level  III  inputs  based  on  customized  discounting  criteria.  For  a  majority  of  impaired  real  estate  related  loans,  the  Company 
obtains  a  current  external  appraisal.  Other  valuation  techniques  are  used  as  well,  including  internal  valuations,  comparable 
property analysis and contractual sales information.

Other real estate owned — Other real estate owned, which is obtained through the Bank’s foreclosure process, is valued utilizing 
the appraised collateral value. Collateral values are estimated using Level II inputs based on observable market data or Level III 
inputs based on customized discounting criteria. At the time the foreclosure is completed, the Company obtains a current external 
appraisal.

Other  debt  securities  —  Certain  debt  securities  are  recorded  at  fair  value  on  a  nonrecurring  basis.  These  other  debt  securities, 
which include preferred member interest in an equity method investment, are securities without a readily determinable fair value 
and are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus any changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly 
transactions, as defined, for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. 

Equity securities — Certain equity securities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Equity securities without a readily 

111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
determinable fair value are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus any changes resulting from observable price 
changes in orderly transactions, as defined, for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. 

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are included in the table below:

(Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans
Other real estate owned
Other debt securities
Equity securities

(Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans
Other real estate owned
Equity securities

$ 

$ 

December 31, 2020

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 
— 

14,098  $ 
5,730 
7,500 
27,113 

14,098 
5,730 
7,500 
27,113 

December 31, 2019

Level I

Level II

Level III

Total

—  $ 
— 
— 

—  $ 
— 
— 

8,909  $ 
1,397 
18,514 

8,909 
1,397 
18,514 

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables presents quantitative information about the Level III significant unobservable inputs for assets and liabilities 
measured at fair value at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2020

Nonrecurring measurements:

Impaired loans

Other real estate owned

Other debt securities

Equity securities

Recurring measurements:

Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Input

 Range

$ 

14,098 

Appraisal of collateral 1

5,730 

Appraisal of collateral 1

Appraisal adjustments 2
Liquidation expense 2

Appraisal adjustments 2
Liquidation expense 2

7,500 

Net asset value

Cost minus impairment

27,113 

Net asset value

Cost minus impairment

$ 

$ 

$ 

20% - 62%

5% - 10%

20% - 30%

5% - 10%

—%

—%

Municipal securities (Local TIF bonds)

$ 

43,679 

Appraisal of bond 3

Bond appraisal adjustment 4

5% - 15%

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2019

Nonrecurring measurements:

Impaired loans

Other real estate owned

Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Input

 Range

$ 

$ 

8,909 

Appraisal of collateral 1

1,397 

Appraisal of collateral 1

Appraisal adjustments 2
Liquidation expense 2

Appraisal adjustments 2
Liquidation expense 2

20% - 62%

5% - 10%

20% - 30%

5% - 10%

Equity securities

$ 

18,514 

Net asset value

Cost minus impairment

—%

Recurring measurements:

Municipal securities (Local TIF bonds)

$ 

37,259 

Appraisal of bond 3

Bond appraisal adjustment 4

5% - 15%

$ 

1,660 

Pricing model

Interest rate lock commitments
1 Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various 
Level III inputs which are not identifiable.
2  Appraisals  may  be  adjusted  by  management  for  qualitative  factors  such  as  economic  conditions  and  estimated  liquidation 
expenses. The range and weighted-average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of 
the appraisal.
3 Fair value determined through independent analysis of liquidity, rating, yield and duration.
4 Appraisals may be adjusted for qualitative factors, such as local economic conditions.

Pull through rates

77% - 82%

113

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 19 – Comprehensive Income

The  following  tables  present  the  components  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (“AOCI”)  for  the  years  ended 
December 31:

(Dollars in thousands)

2020

2019

2018

Amount 
Reclassified 
from AOCI

Amount 
Reclassified 
from AOCI

Amount 
Reclassified 
from AOCI

Consolidated Statement of Income                            

Line Item

Details about AOCI Components
Available-for-sale securities

     Unrealized holding gain (loss)

$ 

Defined benefit pension plan items
     Amortization of net actuarial loss

Investment hedge

     Carrying value adjustment

914  $ 
914 
(214) 
700 

(166)  $ 
(166) 
44 
(122) 

(420) 
(420) 
98 
(322) 

473 
473 
(128) 
345 

(271) 
(271) 
73 
(198) 

(44) 
(44) 
12 
(32) 

Gain (loss) on sale of available-for-sale 
securities
Total before tax
Income tax expense
Net of tax

Salaries and employee benefits
Total before tax
Income tax expense
Net of tax

Interest on investment securities
Total before tax
Income tax expense
Net of tax

327 
327 
(88) 
239 

(306) 
(306) 
83 
(223) 

— 
— 
— 
— 

16 

Total reclassifications

$ 

723  $ 

(352)  $ 

(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2020
     Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification
     Amounts reclassified from AOCI
Net current period OCI
Balance at December 31, 2020

Balance at January 1, 2019
     Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification
     Amounts reclassified from AOCI
Net current period OCI
Balance at December 31, 2019

Unrealized gains 
(losses) on 
available for-sale 
securities

Defined benefit 
pension plan 
items

Investment Hedge

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,942  $ 
5,344 
(700) 
4,644 
7,586  $ 

(3,384)  $ 
6,204 
122 
6,326 
2,942  $ 

(4,295)  $ 
(1,074) 
322 
(752) 
(5,047)  $ 

(3,422)  $ 
(1,071) 
198 
(873) 
(4,295)  $ 

32  $ 
— 
(345) 
(345) 
(313)  $ 

—  $ 
— 
32 
32 
32  $ 

(1,321) 
4,270 
(723) 
3,547 
2,226 

(6,806) 
5,133 
352 
5,485 
(1,321) 

114

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 20 – Condensed Financial Statements of Parent Company 

Information relative to the parent company’s condensed balance sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the related condensed 
statements of income and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are presented below:

Condensed Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash
Investment in subsidiaries
Other assets
     Total assets

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Other liabilities
Subordinated debt
     Total liabilities

     Total stockholders’ equity
     Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Condensed Statements of Income

(Dollars in thousands)
Income, dividends from Bank subsidiary
Operating expenses
Loss from continuing operations, before income taxes
Income tax benefit - continuing operations
Net loss from continuing operations
Income from discontinued operations, before income taxes
Income tax expense - discontinued operations
Net income from discontinued operations
Equity in undistributed income earnings of subsidiaries
Net income

Preferred dividends
Net income available to common shareholders

December 31,

2020

2019

15,566  $ 

265,679 
6,077 
287,322  $ 

1,058 
211,271 
6,397 
218,726 

4,432  $ 

43,407 
47,839 

2,666 
4,124 
6,790 

239,483 
287,322  $ 

211,936 
218,726 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended December 31,

2020

2019

2018

$ 

6,688  $ 

16,804 
(10,116) 
(2,082) 
(8,034) 
— 
— 
— 
45,445 
37,411  $ 

6,280  $ 

14,296 
(8,016) 
(1,880) 
(6,136) 
575 
148 
427 
32,700 
26,991  $ 

8,906 
13,439 
(4,533) 
(1,569) 
(2,964) 
— 
— 
— 
14,967 
12,003 

461  $ 
36,950  $ 

479  $ 
26,512  $ 

489 
11,514 

$ 

$ 
$ 

115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
     Net income
     Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
     Stock-based compensation
     Other assets
     Other liabilities

2020

2019

2018

$ 

37,411  $ 
(45,445) 
2,353 
(2,101) 
1,767 

26,991  $ 
(32,700) 
1,759 
(4,104) 
344 

12,003 
(14,967) 
1,267 
1,997 
1,311 

     Net cash from operating activities

(6,015) 

(7,710) 

1,611 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
     Investment in subsidiaries

(2,982) 

16,791 

(2,194) 

     Net cash from investing activities

(2,982) 

16,791 

(2,194) 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES
     Proceeds from stock issuance
     AOCI reclassification of pension and available-for-sale investments
     Subordinated debt issuance (redemption)
     Common stock repurchased
     Preferred stock redemption
     Common stock options exercised
     Cash dividends paid on common stock
     Cash dividends paid on preferred stock

240 
— 
40,000 
(15,746) 
— 
4,464 
(4,275) 
(461) 

1,033 
— 
(12,400) 
— 
(500) 
2,164 
(2,290) 
(479) 

— 
743 
(35) 
— 
— 
2,129 
(1,220) 
(489) 

     Net cash from financing activities

24,222 

(12,472) 

1,128 

Net change in cash

Cash at beginning of period

Cash at end of period

Noncash common stock converted from subordinated debt

Note 21 – Segment Reporting

15,225 

(3,391) 

545 

1,058 

4,449 

3,904 

16,283  $ 

1,058  $ 

4,449 

—  $ 

1,000  $ 

15,965 

$ 

$ 

The  Company  has  identified  three  reportable  segments:  CoRe  banking;  mortgage  banking;  and  financial  holding  company. 
Revenue from CoRe banking activities consists primarily of interest earned on loans and investment securities and service charges 
on deposit accounts. The Fintech division, Chartwell and Paladin Fraud reside in the CoRe banking segment. Revenue from the 
mortgage banking activities is comprised of interest earned on loans and fees received as a result of the mortgage loan origination 
process. Prior to July 1, 2020, the mortgage banking services were conducted by PMG. In July 2020, the Company announced the 
completion  of  PMG’s  combination  with  Intercoastal  to  form  ICM.  The  Company  has  recognized  its  ownership  as  an  equity 
method investment, initially recorded at fair value. Income related to this equity method investment is included in the Mortgage 
Banking segment. Revenue from financial holding company activities is mainly comprised of intercompany service income and 
dividends.

116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Information  about  the  reportable  segments  and  reconciliation  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income

Interest expense

Net interest income (loss)

Provision for (recovery of) loan losses

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

Noninterest Income:

Mortgage fee income

Other income

Total noninterest income

Noninterest Expenses:

Salaries and employee benefits

Other expenses

Total noninterest expenses

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Preferred stock dividends

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

Capital Expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2020

Total Assets as of December 31, 2020

Goodwill as of December 31, 2020

CoRe 
Banking

Mortgage 
Banking

2020

Financial 
Holding 
Company

Intercompany 
Eliminations

Consolidated

$ 

75,812  $ 

6,269  $ 

3  $ 

(1,631)  $ 

10,400 

65,412 

16,649 

48,763 

247 

30,082 

30,329 

28,801 

33,298 

62,099 

16,993 

1,752 

3,139 

3,130 

(70) 

3,200 

33,722 

29,768 

63,490 

21,550 

5,074 

26,624 

40,066 

9,862 

261 

(258) 

— 

(258) 

— 

6,685 

6,685 

11,278 

5,265 

16,543 

(10,116) 

(2,082) 

(2,173) 

542 

— 

542 

(542) 

(8,125) 

(8,667) 

— 

(8,125) 

(8,125) 

— 

— 

80,453 

11,627 

68,826 

16,579 

52,247 

33,427 

58,410 

91,837 

61,629 

35,512 

97,141 

46,943 

9,532 

$ 

$ 

$ 

15,241  $ 

30,204  $ 

(8,034)  $ 

—  $ 

37,411 

— 

— 

461 

— 

461 

15,241  $ 

30,204  $ 

(8,495)  $ 

—  $ 

36,950 

6,439  $ 

99  $ 

77  $ 

—  $ 

6,615 

2,343,556 

58,140 

284,943 

(355,163) 

2,331,476 

2,350 

— 

— 

— 

2,350 

117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income

Interest expense

Net interest income

Provision for loan losses

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

Noninterest Income:

Mortgage fee income

Other income

Total noninterest income

Noninterest Expenses:

Salaries and employee benefits

Other expenses

Total noninterest expenses

Income (loss) from continuing operations,  before income 
taxes

Income tax expense (benefit) - continuing operations

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Income from discontinued operations, before income taxes

Income tax expense - discontinued operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net income (loss)

Preferred stock dividends

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

Capital Expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2019

Total Assets as of December 31, 2019

Goodwill as of December 31, 2019

$ 

$ 

CoRe 
Banking

Mortgage 
Banking

2019

Financial 
Holding 
Company

Intercompany 
Eliminations

Consolidated

$ 

75,874  $ 

8,342  $ 

13  $ 

(1,868)  $ 

18,698 

57,176 

1,622 

55,554 

657 

23,033 

23,690 

19,067 

25,070 

44,137 

35,107 

8,175 

26,932 

— 

— 

— 

26,932 

— 

6,014 

2,328 

167 

2,161 

41,040 

1,289 

42,329 

28,432 

8,136 

36,568 

7,922 

2,155 

5,767 

— 

— 

— 

5,767 

— 

769 

(756) 

— 

(756) 

— 

6,268 

6,268 

8,676 

4,851 

13,527 

(8,015) 

(1,880) 

(6,135) 

575 

148 

427 

(5,708) 

479 

(2,520) 

652 

— 

652 

(652) 

(7,031) 

(7,683) 

— 

(7,031) 

(7,031) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

82,361 

22,961 

59,400 

1,789 

57,611 

41,045 

23,559 

64,604 

56,175 

31,026 

87,201 

35,014 

8,450 

26,564 

575 

148 

427 

26,991 

479 

26,932  $ 

5,767  $ 

(6,187)  $ 

—  $ 

26,512 

1,438  $ 

112  $ 

492  $ 

—  $ 

2,042 

1,953,975 

2,748 

248,382 

16,882 

216,411 

(474,564) 

1,944,114 

— 

— 

19,630 

118

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income

Interest expense

Net interest income

Provision for loan losses

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

Noninterest Income:

Mortgage fee income

Other income

Total noninterest income

Noninterest Expenses:

Salaries and employee benefits

Other expenses

Total noninterest expenses

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Preferred stock dividends

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

Capital Expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2018

Note 22 – Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

CoRe 
Banking

Mortgage 
Banking

2018

Financial 
Holding 
Company

Intercompany 
Eliminations

Consolidated

$ 

63,762  $ 

6,667  $ 

5  $ 

(674)  $ 

13,667 

50,095 

2,386 

47,709 

585 

6,479 

7,064 

14,924 

20,081 

35,005 

19,768 

4,265 

4,085 

2,582 

54 

2,528 

32,880 

(243) 

32,637 

23,927 

8,608 

32,535 

2,630 

677 

1,756 

(1,751) 

— 

(1,751) 

— 

6,411 

6,411 

7,373 

4,309 

11,682 

(7,022) 

(1,569) 

(1,802) 

1,128 

— 

1,128 

(1,128) 

(6,344) 

(7,472) 

— 

(6,344) 

(6,344) 

— 

— 

69,760 

17,706 

52,054 

2,440 

49,614 

32,337 

6,303 

38,640 

46,224 

26,654 

72,878 

15,376 

3,373 

$ 

$ 

$ 

15,503  $ 

1,953  $ 

(5,453)  $ 

—  $ 

12,003 

— 

— 

489 

— 

489 

15,503  $ 

1,953  $ 

(5,942)  $ 

—  $ 

11,514 

2,284  $ 

272  $ 

137  $ 

—  $ 

2,693 

(Dollars in thousands)
2020
     First quarter
     Second quarter
     Third quarter
     Fourth quarter

(Dollars in thousands)
2019
     First quarter
     Second quarter
     Third quarter
     Fourth quarter

Interest 
Income

Net Interest 
Income

Income 
Before Taxes

Net Income

Basic

Diluted

Earnings Per Share

20,699  $ 
21,774 
18,627 
19,353 

16,171  $ 
18,458 
16,510 
17,687 

1,227  $ 
24,042 
8,512 
13,162 

1,048  $ 
18,034 
6,491 
11,838 

0.08  $ 
1.50 
0.53 
1.00 

0.08 
1.49 
0.53 
0.97 

Interest 
Income

Net Interest 
Income

Income 
Before Taxes

Net Income

Basic

Diluted

Earnings Per Share

19,623  $ 
20,470 
21,038 
21,230 

13,972  $ 
14,529 
15,034 
15,865 

3,989  $ 
20,526 
5,668 
5,406 

3,192  $ 
15,377 
4,327 
4,095 

0.26  $ 
1.31 
0.36 
0.34 

0.26 
1.18 
0.35 
0.32 

$ 

$ 

Note 24 – Acquisitions and Divestitures

The First State Bank Acquisition

In April 2020, the Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with the FDIC, as receiver for First State, providing 

119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
for the assumption by the Bank of certain liabilities and the purchase by the Bank of certain assets of First State. This was deemed 
to  be  a  strategic  opportunity  to  acquire  deposits  and  certain  assets  of  an  institution  that  operated  in  counties  contiguous  to  the 
Company's Southern WV market and further solidified the strategy for growth within core commercial markets. The Company 
has accounted for this acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business 
Combinations, whereby the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded by the Company at their estimated fair values as 
of  their  acquisition  date.  Fair  value  estimates  were  based  on  management's  acceptance  of  a  fair  market  valuation  analysis 
performed by an independent third-party firm.

In  first  quarter  2020,  the  Bank  submitted  a  bid  to  the  FDIC  which  included  a  bid  based  upon  acquiring  loans  at  a  discounted 
amount, and also assuming the deposits of First State with no deposit premium. The Bank was notified that it was the winning 
bidder in the process, and the net asset discount accepted by the FDIC was $33.2 million. Immediately after the closing of this 
transaction, the FDIC remitted these funds to the Bank. As part of this transaction, the Bank acquired three branch locations for 
aggregate  consideration  of  approximately  $1.5  million.  Also  included  was  other  real  estate  owned  (“OREO”)  at  46.5%  of  the 
book  value,  along  with  deposits  with  an  aggregate  value  of  approximately  $140.0  million,  cash  and  investment  securities  of 
$37.0  million  and  loans  with  a  book  value  of  $83.5  million.  Net  proceeds  received  from  the  FDIC  for  the  transaction  were 
$39.6 million.

Management  made  significant  estimates  and  exercised  significant  judgement  in  accounting  for  the  acquisition  of  First  State. 
Management judgmentally assigned risk ratings to loans based on appraisals and estimated collateral values, expected cash flows, 
prepayment speeds and estimated loss factors to measure fair values for the acquired loans. Premises and equipment was valued 
based  on  recent  appraised  values.  Management  used  quoted  or  current  market  prices  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  investment 
securities. These values are subject to change based on continued evaluations of appraisals and other loan-related assumptions.

The  statement  of  net  assets  acquired  and  the  resulting  bargain  purchase  gain  recorded  is  presented  in  the  following  tables.  As 
explained  in  the  notes  that  accompany  the  following  table,  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  were  recorded  at  the 
acquisition date fair value.

As recorded by The 
First State Bank

Fair Value 
Adjustments

As recorded by MVB

(Dollars in thousands)

Assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Investment securities - available-for-sale, at fair value

Loans

OREO

Premises and equipment, net

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

Total Assets

Liabilities

Deposits - transaction accounts

Deposits - certificates of deposit

Total deposits

FHLB and other borrowings

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

$ 

26,053  $ 

10,964 

83,514 

22,610 

1,582 

2,234 

— 

— 

(22,861)  (a)

(10,520)  (b)

(12)  (c)

211 

(d)

146,957  $ 

(33,182) 

$ 

$ 

70,931  $ 

69,029 

139,960 

5,800 

411 

— 

2,560 

(e)

2,560 

— 

— 

2,560 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

26,053 

10,964 

60,653 

12,090 

1,570 

2,445 

113,775 

70,931 

71,589 

142,520 

5,800 

411 

148,731 

(34,956) 

Total Liabilities

$ 

146,171  $ 

Net identifiable assets acquired over/(under) liabilities assumed

$ 

786  $ 

(35,742) 

(a) Adjustment reflects the fair value adjustments based on the Company's evaluation of the acquired loan portfolio and excludes 
the allowance for loan losses recorded by First State.
(b) Adjustment reflects the fair value of OREO acquired.
(c) Adjustment reflects the fair value adjustments based on the Company's evaluation of the acquired premises and equipment.
(d) Adjustment reflects the recording of the core deposit intangible on the acquired deposit accounts and the fair value adjustment 
to other assets.
(e) Adjustment arises since the interest rates paid on interest-bearing deposits where higher than rates available in the market on 
similar deposits as of the acquisition date.

120

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the First State acquisition as of the acquisition date, 
and the pre-tax bargain purchase gain of $4.7 million recognized on the transaction, which is included in gains on acquisition and 
divestiture activity in the consolidated statements of income. 

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets acquired at fair value:

Cash and cash equivalents

Investment securities - available-for-sale, at fair value

Loans

OREO

Premises and equipment, net

Accrued interest receivable and other assets

Total fair value of assets acquired

Liabilities assumed at fair value:

Deposits

FHLB and other borrowings

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities

Total fair value of liabilities acquired

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

26,053 
10,964 
60,653 
12,090 
1,570 
2,445 
113,775 

142,520 
5,800 
411 
148,731 

Net assets assumed at fair value

Transaction cash consideration received from the FDIC

Bargain purchase gain, before tax

$ 

$ 

(34,956) 
39,627 
4,671 

Acquired Loans

The  following  table  outlines  the  contractually  required  payments  receivable,  cash  flows  the  Company  expects  to  receive,  non-
accretable credit adjustments and the accretable yield for all First State loans as of the acquisition date:

(Dollars in thousands)

PCI loans

Purchased performing loans

Other purchased loans

Total

Contractually 
Required Payments 
Receivable

Non-Accretable 
Credit Adjustments

Cash Flows 
Expected to be 
Collected

Accretable FMV 
Adjustments

Carrying Value of 
Loans Receivable

$ 

$ 

86,823  $ 

24,842  $ 

61,981  $ 

11,746  $ 

12,818 

1,978 

2,561 

— 

10,257 

1,978 

1,817 

— 

101,619  $ 

27,403  $ 

74,216  $ 

13,563  $ 

50,235 

8,440 

1,978 

60,653 

The  Company  recorded  all  loans  acquired  at  the  estimated  fair  value  on  the  purchase  date,  with  no  carryover  of  the  related 
allowance  for  loan  losses.  On  the  acquisition  date,  the  Company  segmented  the  loan  portfolio  into  six  loan  pools:  performing 
commercial, performing commercial real estate, performing consumer and residential real estate, classified commercial, classified 
commercial real estate and classified consumer and residential real estate. Of the 934 loans acquired, 663 were determined to be 
of deteriorated credit and were accounted for under ASC 310-30 as PCI loans. The 271 remaining loans acquired were accounted 
for  under  ASC  310-20  as  purchased  performing  loans.  Other  purchased  loans  include  premium  finance  loans,  credit  cards  and 
overdrawn escrow accounts.

The Company had an independent third-party determine the net discounted value of cash flows on approximately 718 performing 
loans totaling $39.5 million. The valuation took into consideration the loans' underlying characteristics, including account types, 
remaining terms, annual interest rates, interest types, past delinquencies, timing of principal and interest payments, current market 
rates, loan to value ratios, loss exposures and remaining balances. These performing loans were segmented into pools based on 
loan and payment type and in some cases, risk grade. 

The  Company  established  a  credit  risk-related  non-accretable  difference  of  $24.8  million  relating  to  these  acquired,  credit-
impaired  loans,  reflected  in  the  recorded  net  fair  value.  It  further  estimated  the  timing  and  amount  of  expected  cash  flows  in 
excess  of  the  estimated  fair  value  and  established  an  accretable  discount  adjustment  of  $11.7  million  at  acquisition  relating  to 

121

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
these impaired loans.

The following table discloses the impact of the acquisition of First State from the acquisition date through December 31, 2020. 
This table also presents certain pro forma information (net interest income and noninterest income and net income) as of the First 
State acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2019. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results 
of operations had the acquisitions been effective as of these dates. 

Deal-related  costs  from  the  First  State  acquisition  of  $1.2  million  have  been  excluded  from  the  12  month  period  of  2020  pro 
forma information presented below and included in the 12 month period of 2019 pro forma information below. The actual results 
and pro forma information were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
2020:
Actual First State results included in consolidated statement of income since acquisition date

Supplemental consolidated pro forma as if First State had been acquired January 1, 2019

Year Ended December 31,

Revenue

Net Income

$ 

$ 

8,793  $ 

157,180  $ 

3,351 

34,522 

2019:
Supplemental consolidated pro forma as if First State had been acquired January 1, 2019

$ 

133,429  $ 

29,290 

Paladin, LLC Acquisition

In  April  2020,  Paladin  Fraud,  LLC,  a  newly-formed  West  Virginia  limited  liability  company  and  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of 
MVB Bank, entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement by and among Paladin Fraud, Paladin, LLC, a Washington limited liability 
company, James Houlihan and Jamon Whitehead. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Paladin Fraud acquired substantially all of 
the  assets  and  certain  liabilities  of  Paladin  and  the  purchase  price  of  the  transaction  consisted  of  19,278  unregistered  shares  of 
MVB common stock and an undisclosed amount of cash. Paladin is a respected leader in the fraud prevention industry and has 
formed a specialty niche that aligns well with the MVB as a preferred bank for Fintech companies.

Divestiture of Four Eastern Panhandle, WV Branches

In November 2019, the Company entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement with Summit, pursuant to which Summit 
purchased certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of three Bank branch locations in Berkeley County, WV and one Bank 
branch location in Jefferson County, WV. Upon closing, Summit assumed $188.1 million in deposits and acquired $36.8 million 
in loans, as well as cash, real property, personal property and other fixed assets. The Company recognized a gain of $9.6 million 
related  to  this  transaction  and  was  recorded  in  noninterest  income  for  the  in  2020.  The  completion  of  this  sale  resulted  in  the 
Company exiting the Eastern Panhandle, WV market. The Company closed this transaction in April 2020, and as such, no assets 
or  liabilities  of  branches  are  classified  as  held-for-sale  as  of  December  31,  2020.  The  Company  recognized  a  gain  on  sale  of 
banking centers of $9.6 million, which is included in gains on acquisition and divestiture activity. 

Assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed that were classified as held-for-sale as of December 31, 2019 are summarized 
as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Loans
Premises and equipment, net

Assets of branches held-for-sale

Noninterest-bearing deposits
Interest-bearing deposits

Deposits of branches held-for-sale

Combination with Intercoastal

As of December 31, 2019,

42,916 
3,638 
46,554 

19,251 
169,019 
188,270 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

In July 2020, the Company completed the combination with Intercoastal to form ICM. The Bank contributed certain of its assets 
and in exchange received common units representing 47% of the common interest of ICM, as well as $7.5 million in preferred 
units. The Company has recognized its ownership as an equity method investment, initially recorded at fair value. The Company 
recognized a gain on this transaction of $3.3 million, which is included in gains on acquisition and divestiture activity. 

122

 
 
Acquisition of Grand Software

In August 2020, MVB Technology, LLC, a newly formed West Virginia limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary 
of  the  Bank,  entered  into  an  Asset  Purchase  Agreement  with  Invest  Forward,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation  doing  business  as 
Grand. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, MVB Technology acquired the assets of Grand. The purchase price of the transaction 
consisted of cash totaling $1.0 million, plus the conversion of MVB’s note with Invest Forward. As of December 31, 2020, the 
assets acquired were recorded in premises and equipment with a balance of $1.3 million.

Note 25 – Subsequent Event

In January 2021, the Company redeemed all of its outstanding shares of series B convertible noncumulative perpetual preferred 
stock, par value $1.00 per share, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share and all of its outstanding shares of series C 
convertible noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, 
at a redemption price per share equal to $10,000, plus declared and unpaid dividends of $46.03 per share of series B preferred 
stock, and $49.86 per share of series C preferred stock. Upon redemption, the Preferred Stock was no longer outstanding and all 
rights with respect to such stock ceased and terminated, except the right to payment of the redemption price.

123

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  carried  out  an  evaluation  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of 
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation 
of our disclosure controls and procedures defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on the results of 
this  evaluation,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures 
were effective as of December 31, 2020.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  as  such  term  is 
defined in Rules 13a-15(f)  and 15d-15(f)  promulgated under  the Exchange Act. The Company’s  internal control  over financial 
reporting  is  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  the 
consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

As permitted by SEC guidance, management excluded from its assessment the operations of the First State Bank acquisition made 
during 2020, which is described in Note 24 – Acquisitions and Divestitures accompanying the consolidated financial statements 
included elsewhere in this report. Total assets of First State Bank constituted two percent of total assets and five percent of total 
revenue of the consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. Such exclusion was in 
accordance with the SEC guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted in management’s report on 
internal controls over financial reporting, providing the acquisition took place within twelve months of management’s evaluation.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also, 
projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate 
because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

A material weakness is a significant deficiency (as defined in Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Auditing Standard 
No.  5),  or  a  combination  of  significant  deficiencies,  that  results  in  there  being  more  than  a  remote  likelihood  that  a  material 
misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by management or 
employees in the normal course of performing their assigned functions.

Management  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2020. 
Management’s assessment did not identify any material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework in 2013. Because there were no material weaknesses discovered, 
management believes that, as of December 31, 2020, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.

Dixon Hughes Goodman LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements 
included  in  this  Annual  Report  and  has  issued  a  report  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting, which report is included in Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2020 
that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

124

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

/s/ Larry F. Mazza
Larry F. Mazza
President, CEO and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Donald T. Robinson
Donald T. Robinson
Executive Vice President and CFO
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

125

 
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

This information is omitted from this report pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K as the Company will file with the 
SEC its definitive Proxy Statement pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders 
(the  “Proxy  Statement”)  not  later  than  120  days  after  December  31,  2020.  The  applicable  information  appearing  in  the  Proxy 
Statement is incorporated by reference.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

This information is omitted from this report pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K as the Company will file with the 
SEC its definitive Proxy Statement not later than 120 days after December 31, 2020. The applicable information appearing in the 
Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

This information is omitted from this report (with the exception of the equity compensation plan information, which is disclosed 
below) pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K as the Company will file with the SEC its definitive Proxy Statement 
not later than 120 days after December 31, 2020. The applicable information appearing in the Proxy Statement is incorporated by 
reference.

Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2020:

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
Total

Number of securities 
to be issued upon 
exercise of 
outstanding options 
(a)

Weighted-average 
exercise price of 
outstanding options 
(b)

Number of securities 
remaining available 
for future issuance 
under equity 
compensation plans 
(excluding securities 
reflected in column 
(a)) (c)

947,988  $ 
N/A
947,988  $ 

14.66 
N/A
14.66 

569,997 
N/A
569,997 

During 2020, 305,697 stock options under the Company’s equity compensation plan were exercised.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE

This information is omitted from this report pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K as the Company will file with the 
SEC its definitive Proxy Statement not later than 120 days after December 31, 2020. The applicable information appearing in the 
Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

This information is omitted from this report pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K as the Company will file with the 
SEC its definitive Proxy Statement not later than 120 days after December 31, 2020. The applicable information appearing in the 
Proxy Statement is incorporated by reference.

126

 
 
 
 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

The following consolidated financial statements of the registrant and its subsidiaries are filed as part of this report under Item 8 -   
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data and Item 9A -  Controls and Procedures.

(a)(1) Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

(b)

Exhibits
Exhibits filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K are attached hereto. For a list of such exhibits, please refer to the 
“Exhibit Index” below. The Exhibit Index specifically identifies each management contract or compensatory plan 
required to be filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

127

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit 
Number

2.1

3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.3

Description
Purchase and Assumption Agreement Whole Bank All 
Deposits, among the Federal Deposit Insurance 
Corporation, receiver of The First State Bank, 
Barboursville, West Virginia, the Federal Deposit 
Insurance Corporation and MVB Bank, Inc., dated as of 
April 3, 2020

Articles of Incorporation, as amended

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended

Specimen of Stock Certificate representing MVB 
Financial Corp. Common Stock

Form of Subscription Rights Certificate

Description of Securities

10.1†

MVB Financial Corp. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan

10.2†

10.3†

10.4

MVB Financial Corp. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, as 
amended
MVB Financial Corp. 2018 Annual Senior Executive 
Performance Incentive Plan
Lease Agreement with Essex Properties, LLC for land 
occupied by Bridgeport Branch

10.5†

Employment Agreement of Larry F. Mazza

10.6†

Employment Agreement of Donald T. Robinson

10.7†

Offer Letter for Donald T. Robinson

10.8†

10.9†

10.10†

10.11†

10.12

10.13

10.14

Investment Agreement between MVB Financial Corp. 
and Larry F. Mazza
Third Addendum to the Employment Agreement with 
MVB Financial Corp. and MVB Bank, Inc. and H. 
Edward Dean, III, President and Chief Executive 
Officer of Potomac Mortgage Group, Inc.

Fourth Addendum to the Employment Agreement with 
MVB Financial Corp. and MVB Bank, Inc. and H. 
Edward Dean, III, President and Chief Executive 
Officer of Potomac Mortgage Group, Inc.

MVB Financial Corp. Form of Restricted Stock Unit 
Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement
Purchase and Assumption Agreement, dated November 
21, 2019, by and between MVB Bank and Summit 
Community Bank, Inc.

Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement, dated 
November 30, 2020, by and among MVB Financial 
Corp. and certain qualified institutional buyers

Agreement, dated March 2, 2020, by and between the 
Bank, PMG, Intercoastal, H. Edward Dean, III, Tom 
Pyne, and Peter Cameron

Exhibit Location
Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed April 3, 2020, and 
incorporated by reference herein

Annual Report Form 10-K, File No. 000-50567, filed 
March 16, 2015, and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 001-38314, filed June 22, 2018, and 
incorporated by reference herein
Form S-3 Registration Statement, File No. 333-228688, 
filed December 6, 2018, and incorporated by reference 
herein

Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed March 13, 2017, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Filed herewith

Form SB-2 Registration Statement, File 
No. 333-120931, filed December 2, 2004, and 
incorporated by reference herein

Form 10-K, File No. 001-38314, filed March 8, 2018, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 001-38314, filed February 23, 2018, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form SB-2 Registration Statement, File 
No. 333-120931, filed December 2, 2004, and 
incorporated by reference herein

Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed March 1, 2021, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed March 1, 2021, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed December 3, 2015, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed March 13, 2017, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, File No. 000-50567, 
filed July 31, 2017, and incorporated by reference 
herein

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, File No. 000-50567, 
filed July 31, 2017, and incorporated by reference 
herein

Form 8-K, File No. 001-38314, filed March 27, 2018, 
and incorporated by reference herein
Form 8-K, File No. 001-38314, filed November 22, 
2019, and incorporated by reference herein

Form 8-K, File No. 0000-50567, filed November 30, 
2020, and incorporated by reference herein

Form 8-K, File No. 000-50567, filed March 3, 2020, 
and incorporated by reference herein

21

Subsidiaries of Registrant

Filed herewith

128

23.1

24

31.1

31.2

32.1*

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting 
Firm
Power of Attorney

Certificate of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 
Section 302 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Certificate of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 
Section 302 of Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Certificate of Principal Executive Officer & Principal 
Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes 
Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

Filed herewith

Contained in signature page to this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K
Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

(*)  In  accordance  with  Item  601(b)(32)(ii)  of  Regulation  S-K  and  SEC  Release  Nos.  33-8238  and  34-47986,  Final  Rule: 
Management’s Reports on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and Certification of Disclosure in Exchange Act Periodic 
Reports, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-K and will not be deemed 
“filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference 
into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by 
reference.

(†) Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

129

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 9, 2021

MVB Financial Corp.

By:

/s/ Larry F. Mazza
Larry F. Mazza
President, CEO and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES

Know all persons by the presents, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Larry F. Mazza and/
or Donald T. Robinson, and either of them, as attorney-in-fact, with each having the power of substitution, for him or her in any 
and all capacities, to sign in his or her name and on his or her behalf, any amendment to this Form 10-K and to file the same, 
with  exhibits  thereto,  and  other  documents  in  connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  hereby 
ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  each  of  said  attorneys-in-fact  or  his  substitute  or  substitutes  may  do  or  cause  to  be  done  by 
virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons 
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/s/ Larry F. Mazza
Larry F. Mazza, President, CEO and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Donald T. Robinson
Donald T. Robinson, Executive Vice President and CFO
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/ David B. Alvarez
David B. Alvarez, Chairman

/s/ W. Marston Becker
W. Marston Becker, Director

/s/ John W. Ebert
John W. Ebert, Director

/s/ Daniel W. Holt
Daniel W. Holt, Director

/s/ Gary A. LeDonne
Gary A. LeDonne, Director

/s/ Kelly R. Nelson
Kelly R. Nelson, Director

/s/ J. Christopher Pallotta
J. Christopher Pallotta, Director

/s/ Anna J. Sainsbury
Anna J. Sainsbury, Director

/s/ Cheryl D. Spielman
Cheryl D. Spielman, Director

130

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

Date: March 9, 2021

 
Mvbbanking.com