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Northern Technologies International Corporation
Annual Report 2022

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FY2022 Annual Report · Northern Technologies International Corporation
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Fiscal 
2022 
Annual 
Report

Northern 
Technologies 
International
Corporation

Northern Technologies 
International Corporation
•  Notice of 2023 
Annual Meeting 
•  Proxy Statement
•  Annual Report on 

Form 10-K - August 
31, 2022

Our Mission:

Our Environment:

Our  business  model  of  commercializing  clean  and  green 
technologies depends heavily on the talents, perseverance, and 
integrity of both our employees and our worldwide federation of 
joint  venture  partners.  We  believe  that  our  responsibilities  are 
first to our worldwide customers, then to our people, next to our 
communities, and finally to our shareholders. Therefore we must:

• Exercise honor, humanity, and disciplined management  

in our actions.

• See a unified world through the global perspectives  

of our people.

• Ensure that the environment becomes a better place because  

of what we do.

• Invest continuously in our future.

NTIC uses advanced technologies to care for the world we live in, 
give back to society and strive to set an example for environmental 
leadership and responsibility.

At  NTIC,  we  believe  that  there  is  no  alternative  to  doing 
environmentally sustainable business while working to grow the 
bottom line.

We encourage our employees, joint venture partners, distributors, 
affiliates,  and  suppliers  to  carry  out  our  environmental 
commitments at the individual level through:

• Environmentally responsible business practices.
• Advanced R&D processes that promote the use of 

environmentally responsible raw materials.

• Selecting components and manufacturing processes that reduce 

waste and an impact on the environment.

• Raising awareness about our technologies and how they can 

help solve current environmental challenges.

• Each NTIC employee is expected to practice an individual 

commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility 
in the workplace. 

Through  our  commitments  to 
lessen  our  environmental 
footprint and our advanced technologies, which allow others to 
practice  sustainability,  we  have  the  power  to  benefit  ourselves 
as  individuals,  our  federation  of  NTIC  joint  ventures,  and  our 
environment for many generations to come.

Our Technology Platforms:

ZERUST®/EXCOR®  manufactures  and  markets  corrosion-inhibiting  technologies  that 
provide customers with advanced solutions for corrosion across their production facilities 
and supply chains. The technology uses proprietary chemical systems to create invisible 
molecular  corrosion  shields  on  metal  surfaces.  The  ZERUST®/EXCOR®  teams  support 
clients globally in a broad range of industries, including automotive, electrical, electronic, 
medical, machine fabrications, steel production, military, and marine. ZERUST®/EXCOR® 
products  and  services  allow  customers  to  achieve  substantial  cost  savings  as  well  as 
reduce  the  negative  environmental  impact  caused  by  traditional  corrosion  prevention 
methods and the waste caused by the corrosion of metal assets.

Zerust® Oil & Gas provides advanced corrosion control technologies and services to the 
petrochemical industry. Zerust® Oil & Gas products and services utilize Zerust® proprietary 
corrosion  inhibitors  in  combination  with  advanced  cathodic  protection  systems  to 
dramatically  enhance  the  corrosion  protection  of  capital  assets.  These  assets  include 
above-ground storage tanks, various pieces of process equipment, buried and submerged 
pipelines, mothballed large capital equipment, pipeline flanges, valves, and welded joints. 
Zerust® Oil & Gas technologies are currently implemented in refineries, offshore oil rigs, 
tank farms, and retail gas stations in several countries.

Natur-Tec®  engineers  and  manufactures  biobased  and  biodegradable  plastic  resins 
intended  to  replace  conventional,  petroleum-based  plastics.  Natur-Tec®  has  a  broad 
bioplastics  portfolio  which  spans  flexible  film,  foam,  rigid  injection  molded  materials, 
and  engineered  plastics.  These  applications  allow  for  the  production  of  100%  certified 
compostable  finished  products,  such  as  bags,  food  service  products,  and  product 
packaging.  Natur-Tec®  products  are  renewable  resource-based  and  do  not  contain 
conventional  plastic  materials.  Natur-Tec®  products  provide  sustainable  alternatives  to 
conventional  plastics  and  enable  industry  and  consumers  to  move  closer  to  a  carbon-
neutral footprint. 

To the Stockholders of Northern Technologies International Corporation (NTIC),

The continuing recovery of many global markets from COVID-19, allowed NTIC to achieve record sales in fiscal 
2022.  Key  contributors  were  the  robust  demand  for  our  ZERUST®  Industrial  products  and  services  in  North 
America, the rebound of monthly Natur-Tec® sales volumes past pre-pandemic levels, as well as record orders 
for our ZERUST® Oil & Gas solutions. Fiscal 2022 sales also benefitted significantly from NTIC’s buyout of our 
Indian joint venture partner at the start of the fiscal year.

The annual consolidated net sales increase of 31.3%, year-over-year to a record $74.2 million sales, we achieved 
during  fiscal  2022,  is  especially  encouraging  when  considering  the  complex  business  environment,  including 
supply chain and shipping issues, persistent inflation, significant raw material cost increases, geopolitical conflicts 
in Europe, and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia.

Overall, record fiscal 2022 sales reflect our continued investment in our business, the success of our long-term 
growth plans, and the support of our customers, employees, joint venture partners and suppliers. In fact, since 
fiscal 2017, NTIC’s annual sales have increased over 87%, representing a five-year compound annual growth rate 
of 13.4%. We remain focused on developing innovative solutions, which our global distribution network sells 
to  increasingly  diverse  worldwide  markets.  Our  global  footprint  and  technical  service  approach  is  extremely 
valuable to the multinational companies we serve and helps differentiate NTIC from competitors.

At the same time sales were growing across many parts of our business, profitability was being impaired by 
significant  inflation  to  our  raw  materials  and  labor  costs,  as  well  as  intense  friction  across  our  global  supply 
chains  lingering  from  COVID.  Consequently,  we  implemented  a  series  of  countermeasures  and  adjusted  our 
pricing, which had profitability recovering during the second half of the fiscal year. Unfortunately, it has taken 
our  joint  ventures  longer  to  implement  meaningful  changes,  especially  in  Europe,  which  continued  to  affect 
profitability throughout the second half of the fiscal year.

We continued to expand and strengthen our global infrastructure of operating subsidiaries and joint venture 
partners. As previously announced, in September 2021, we acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest in 
ZERUST® India for $6.25 million in cash. Given that many of our multinational customers either have their own 
operations in India or have suppliers based there, it is one of our strongest international markets. As a result, we 
are well positioned to further enhance our presence in India.

Additionally, during fiscal 2022, we moved into our new facility in Shanghai, China. This new office supports our 
R&D, production, sales, marketing, and training efforts throughout the region. We continue to believe this will 
become one of, if not the largest of our geographic markets in the coming years because of the region’s large 
metal components manufacturing base and growing interest in compostable plastics.

Our financial position remains strong and reflects the recent investments we have made to purchase the remaining 
50%  ownership  interest  in  ZERUST®  India,  and  our  new  facility  in  Shanghai,  China,  as  well  as  investments  in 
working capital to support sales growth. As a result, we ended fiscal 2022 with a $5.9 million balance under our 
revolving line of credit and $5.3 million in cash and cash equivalents. On August 31, 2022, we also had $21.8 
million of investments in joint ventures, of which nearly $11.0 million is cash with the remaining balance mostly 
made up of working capital. Our asset light business model and strong financial position provides us with the 
flexibility  to  allocate  needed  capital  to  support  our  future  growth  initiatives  while  maintaining  our  quarterly 
dividend program. In addition, as our profitability continues to recover, we plan to use our free cash flow to pay 
down our revolving line of credit over the course of fiscal 2023.

During  fiscal  2022,  NTIC  declared  cash  dividends  of  $0.28  per  share,  a  43.6%  increase  over  $0.195  in  cash 
dividends declared the prior fiscal year. We are closely watching our global markets as well as the capital needs 

of our business and will adjust our dividend policy, as necessary, to maintain our strong financial position.

Looking at fiscal 2022 financial results in more detail, NTIC’s consolidated net sales for fiscal 2022 were a record 
$74.2 million. The 31.3% annual increase in net sales was a result of a 28.8% increase in total ZERUST® sales 
driven by a rebound in global manufacturing, a 21.5% increase in ZERUST® Oil & Gas net sales, and a 52.7% 
increase in annual Natur-Tec® sales.

The  performance  of  our  joint  ventures  in  fiscal  2022  was  impacted  by  lower  demand  across  the  territories 
serviced by our global partners, primarily due to geopolitical conflict concerns as well as lingering COVID-19. 
In addition, it is important to point out that joint venture performance was also impacted materially because 
of  our  acquisition  of  Zerust  India,  which  transforms  that  entity  from  an  unconsolidated  joint  venture  into  a 
consolidated subsidiary within NTIC’s financial statements. As a result, total net sales for fiscal 2022 by our joint 
ventures, which we do not consolidate in our financial statements, decreased 14.0% to $104.1 million. Lower 
joint venture sales drove a 21.9% decline in joint venture operating income, which was $10.5 million for fiscal 
2022, compared to joint venture operating income of $13.4 million last fiscal year.

Profitability was impacted by lower joint venture operating income, significant inflation, and friction across our 
global supply chains. Net income attributable to NTIC was $6.3 million, or $0.66 per diluted share, compared to 
$6.3 million, or $0.64 per diluted share, last fiscal year. Net income for fiscal 2022 included a $3.3 million net gain 
on the purchase of ZERUST® India

ZERUST® Industrial Corrosion Prevention 
ZERUST® Industrial sales benefitted from strong demand in North America as well as the contribution of ZERUST® 
India.  Net  sales  at  our  wholly  owned  NTIC  China  subsidiary  were  impacted  by  continued,  rolling  COVID-19 
lockdowns in that country, causing sales at this operation to decline by 9.2% during the year to $15.8 million.

Overall, ZERUST® Industrial sales trends rebounded significantly during fiscal 2022 and have increased 28.8% 
on a year-over-year basis. Notably, on a two-year basis, comparing fiscal 2022 to fiscal 2020 results, ZERUST® 
Industrial sales increased nearly 68%, reflecting strong underlying trends across our global ZERUST® Industrial 
business.  We  are  optimistic  that  the  start  of  fiscal  2023  will  show  further  ZERUST®  Industrial  growth,  led  by 
demand in North America, and more gradual improvements across our remaining global markets – most notably 
our European and Asian markets. 

ZERUST® in the Oil & Gas Industry 
We believe that we are rapidly nearing an inflection point with our ZERUST® Oil & Gas business given that we are 
currently seeing new orders coming in increasing size and frequency from ever more diverse geographies for a 
broader range of our solutions. This is being fueled, in part, by the greater recognition we have earned amongst 
key  customers  in  this  market  by  consistently  proving  the  efficacy  of  our  installations  around  the  world  over 
the last 10+ years. Our reputation was further augmented by the favorable technical report that was released 
last year by the American Petroleum Institute (API) detailing how VCI based technologies, like the ones offered 
by ZERUST® Oil & Gas, provide effective corrosion protection for the bottoms of above-ground storage tanks. 
In combination, these factors validate our technology, and is helping NTIC’s long-term sales efforts within the 
global oil & gas market.

As a result, we achieved record ZERUST® Oil & Gas sales in fiscal 2022 of $4.6 million, representing an increase of 
21.5% over the prior year. Favorable trends within our oil & gas business accelerated throughout the year and let 
us end fiscal 2022 with two consecutive quarters of ZERUST® Oil & Gas sales over $1.5 million for the first time 
in our history. That demand remained strong as we started the first quarter of FY2023.

In September 2022, we announced a new contract with BP Exploration (Caspian Sea) Limited. Under this initial 

 
 
 
agreement, NTIC will be supplying chemical corrosion protection services for 12 BP storage tanks over the next 
three years. This alone is expected to bring in over $2.5 million in revenue over the next three years and to 
date is the single largest contract we have ever received for our ZERUST® Oil & Gas storage tank solutions. As 
you can see, positive momentum is underway across our ZERUST® Oil & Gas business and we believe there are 
substantial opportunities to drive growth throughout fiscal 2023 and beyond.

Natur-Tec® Bioplastics 
Demand  patterns  for  our  Natur-Tec®  business  strengthened  during  fiscal  2022,  reflecting  recovering  market 
dynamics.  This,  in  turn,  pushed  sales  back  up  to  pre-COVID  levels  during  the  year.  Sales  would  have  been 
even stronger, but industry-wide supply chain and logistics challenges, as well as PLA supply shortages due to 
production  problems  and  delays  at  several  of  our  suppliers  negatively  impacted  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal 
2022. These trends eased during the third quarter, allowing accelerating growth throughout the remainder of 
our fiscal year, and fourth quarter Natur-Tec® sales increased 68.2% compared to the prior fiscal year period. 

We  continue  to  see  growing  market  demand  for  new  applications  of  certified  compostable  plastic  products 
and resin compounds, as well as increasing interest in commercial and municipal programs that use certified 
compostable  plastics  as  alternatives  to  conventional  plastics.  As  a  result,  we  believe  we  are  well  positioned 
for long-term sustainable growth within our Natur-Tec® Bioplastics business, and we expect to achieve record 
Natur-Tec® sales in fiscal 2023.

Closing 
I  am  proud  of  the  progress  we  made  throughout  fiscal  2022.  Our  employees, joint  venture  partners,  friends 
and colleagues continue to work hard to help us profitably expand our business and navigate an extremely fluid 
business environment. As we start fiscal 2023, momentum remains strong across our North American ZERUST® 
Industrial market, as well as global ZERUST® Oil & Gas and Natur-Tec® markets. We expect these favorable trends 
will help NTIC continue to offset near-term uncertainty within our European and Asian markets. In addition, we 
expect our annual profitability to improve in fiscal 2023 as we continue to focus on rebuilding our margins. As a 
result, we expect fiscal 2023 to be another good year for NTIC and our stockholders.

Sincerely,

G. Patrick Lynch
President & CEO, NTIC

G. Patrick Lynch

NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 

January 20, 2023 

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Northern Technologies International Corporation, a Delaware 
corporation, will be held at our corporate executive offices located at 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, 
Minnesota 55014, beginning at 11:00 a.m., Central Standard Time, on Friday, January 20, 2023, for the 
following purposes: 

1.  To elect eight persons to serve as directors until our next annual meeting of stockholders or until 

their respective successors are elected and qualified. 

2.  To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers, as disclosed in 

the accompanying proxy statement. 

3.  To ratify the selection of Baker Tilly US, LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm 

for the fiscal year ending August 31, 2023. 

4.  To approve an amendment to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation to limit the liability of certain 

officers of NTIC as permitted by recent amendments to Delaware law. 

5.  To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment of the 

meeting. 

Only those stockholders of record at the close of business on November 22, 2022 will be entitled to notice of, 
and to vote at, the meeting and any adjournments thereof.  A stockholder list will be available at our 
corporate offices beginning January 10, 2023 during normal business hours for examination by any 
stockholder registered on NTIC’s stock ledger as of the record date, November 22, 2022, for any purpose 
germane to the Annual Meeting.   

By Order of the Board of Directors, 

Matthew C. Wolsfeld 
Corporate Secretary 

December 5, 2022 
Circle Pines, Minnesota 

Important:  Whether or not you expect to attend the meeting in person, please vote by the Internet or 
telephone, or request a paper proxy card to sign, date and return by mail so that your shares may be 
voted.  A prompt response is helpful and your cooperation is appreciated. 

 
 
 
 
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS ......................................................................... ii 
PROXY STATEMENT SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING ............................... 11 
Date, Time, Place and Purposes of Meeting ........................................................................................... 11 
Who Can Vote ........................................................................................................................................ 11 
How You Can Vote ................................................................................................................................ 11 
How Does the Board Recommend that You Vote .................................................................................. 13 
How You May Change Your Vote or Revoke Your Proxy .................................................................... 13 
Quorum Requirement ............................................................................................................................. 13 
Vote Required ......................................................................................................................................... 13 
Other Business ........................................................................................................................................ 15 
Procedures at the Annual Meeting .......................................................................................................... 15 
Householding of Annual Meeting Materials .......................................................................................... 15 
Proxy Solicitation Costs ......................................................................................................................... 16 
PROPOSAL ONE—ELECTION OF DIRECTORS .................................................................................. 17 
Number of Directors ............................................................................................................................... 17 
Nominees for Director ............................................................................................................................ 17 
Information about Current Directors and Board Nominees .................................................................... 17 
Additional Information about Current Directors and Board Nominees.................................................. 18 
Board Recommendation ......................................................................................................................... 21 
PROPOSAL TWO—ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ................................... 22 
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 22 
Board Recommendation ......................................................................................................................... 23 

PROPOSAL THREE—RATIFICATION OF SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 

PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ............................................................................................................ 24 
Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ............................................................... 24 
Audit, Audit-Related, Tax and Other Fees ............................................................................................. 24 
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures....................................................................... 25 
Board Recommendation ......................................................................................................................... 25 

PROPOSAL FOUR—APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO OUR RESTATED CERTIFICATE 

OF INCORPORATION ......................................................................................................................... 26 
Background ............................................................................................................................................. 26 
Text of Proposed Charter Amendment ................................................................................................... 26 
Reasons for the Proposed Charter Amendment ...................................................................................... 27 
Timing and Effect of the Charter Amendment ....................................................................................... 27 
Board Recommendation ......................................................................................................................... 28 
STOCK OWNERSHIP ............................................................................................................................... 29 
Beneficial Ownership of Significant Stockholders and Management .................................................... 29 
Stock Ownership Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 31 
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans ................................................. 31 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ................................................................................................................ 33 
Corporate Governance Guidelines .......................................................................................................... 33 
Board Leadership Structure .................................................................................................................... 33 
Director Independence ............................................................................................................................ 34 
Board Meetings and Attendance ............................................................................................................. 34 
Board Committees .................................................................................................................................. 34 
Audit Committee .................................................................................................................................... 35 

i 

 
 
Compensation Committee ...................................................................................................................... 37 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee .............................................................................. 38 
Director Nominations Process ................................................................................................................ 39 
Board Diversity Matrix ........................................................................................................................... 41 
Board Oversight of Risk ......................................................................................................................... 41 
Code of Ethics ........................................................................................................................................ 42 
No Political Contributions ...................................................................................................................... 42 
Policy Regarding Director Attendance at Annual Meetings of Stockholders ........................................ 42 
Complaint Procedures ............................................................................................................................. 43 
Stockholder Engagement ........................................................................................................................ 43 
Process Regarding Stockholder Communications with Board of Directors ........................................... 44 
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION ................................................................................................................ 45 
Summary of Cash and Other Compensation .......................................................................................... 45 
Non-Employee Director Compensation Program ................................................................................... 46 
Consulting Agreement ............................................................................................................................ 47 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION .............................................................................................................. 48 
Compensation Review ............................................................................................................................ 48 
Summary of Cash and Other Compensation .......................................................................................... 58 
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End ..................................................................................... 59 
Stock Incentive Plans .............................................................................................................................. 59 
Post-Termination Severance and Change in Control Arrangements ...................................................... 61 
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation ............................................................. 63 
RELATED PERSON RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS ......................................................... 64 
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 64 
Procedures Regarding Approval of Related Party Transactions ............................................................ 64 
Description of Related Party Transactions ............................................................................................. 65 

STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS FOR 2024 ANNUAL 

MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS ........................................................................................................ 66 
COPIES OF FISCAL 2022 ANNUAL REPORT ....................................................................................... 66 
________________ 

INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS 
________________ 

Instead of mailing a printed copy of our proxy materials, including our Annual Report to Stockholders, to 
each stockholder of record, we have provided access to these materials in a fast and efficient manner via 
the Internet.  We believe that this process expedites your receipt of our proxy materials, lowers the costs 
of our Annual Meeting and reduces the environmental impact of our meeting.  On or about December 5, 
2022, we expect to begin mailing a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials to stockholders of 
record as of November 22, 2022 and post our proxy materials on the website referenced in the Notice of 
Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (www.proxyvote.com).  As more fully described in the Notice of 
Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, stockholders may choose to access our proxy materials at 
www.proxyvote.com or may request proxy materials in printed or electronic form.  In addition, the Notice 
of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials and website provide information regarding how you may 
request to receive proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically by email on an ongoing basis.  
For those who previously requested printed proxy materials or electronic materials on an ongoing basis, 
you will receive those materials as you requested.   

ii 

 
 
PROXY STATEMENT SUMMARY 
________________ 

This executive summary provides an overview of the information included in this proxy statement.  We 
recommend that you review the entire proxy statement and our Fiscal 2022 Annual Report to 
Stockholders before voting.  

2023 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 

DATE AND TIME 

Friday, January 20, 2023 
11:00 a.m. (Central Time) 

LOCATION 

4201 Woodland Road 
Circle Pines, MN 55014 

RECORD DATE 

November 22, 2022 

Proposal 

Proposal No. 1: Election of 
directors 

Proposal No. 2: Advisory vote on 
executive compensation 

Proposal No. 3: Ratification of 
appointment of independent 
registered public accounting firm  

Proposal No. 4:   Approval of an 
amendment to our Restated 
Certificate of Incorporation to limit 
the liability of certain officers of 
NTIC as permitted by recent 
amendments to Delaware law   

Board’s Vote 
Recommendation 

Page 

FOR 

FOR 

FOR 

17 

22 

24 

FOR 

26 

Holders of record of our common stock at the close of business on 
November 22, 2022 are entitled to notice of, to attend, and to vote at 
the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders or any continuation, 
postponement, or adjournment thereof. 

On  or  about  December  5,  2022,  we  expect  to  begin  mailing  a  Notice  of  Internet  Availability  of  Proxy 
Materials to stockholders of record as of November 22, 2022 and post our proxy materials on the website 
referenced in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (www.proxyvote.com). 

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR 
THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JANUARY 20, 2023 

This proxy statement and our Fiscal 2022 Annual Report to Stockholders are available on the Internet, 
free of charge, at www.proxyvote.com.  On this website, you will be able to access this proxy statement, 
our Fiscal 2022 Annual Report to Stockholders, and any amendments or supplements to these materials 
that are required to be furnished to stockholders.  We encourage you to access and review all of the 
important information contained in the proxy materials before voting. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FISCAL 2022 BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS  

Below are highlights of our financial, operational and strategic achievements during fiscal 2022. 

Financial 

Net Sales 

Research and 
Development 

Our net sales increased 31.3% to a record $74,159,000 during fiscal 2022 
compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to sales growth within our 
ZERUST® industrial and Natur-Tec product categories, as a result of 
higher global demand and the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.  

We increased research and development spending by 8.5% in fiscal 2022 
compared to fiscal 2021 in order to increase personnel and development 
efforts, which will allow us to continue growing and adapting our product 
offerings. 

Quarterly Cash Dividends  We paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.07 per share during each quarter 

of fiscal 2022. 

Operational 

16 Joint Ventures 

Our 16 joint ventures provide us with access to global markets with an 
annual global market potential estimated at $500 million.  

10 Operating Subsidiaries   We maintain 10 wholly or majority-owned operating subsidiaries in 

North America, South America, Europe and Asia. 

Over 60 Countries 

Strategic 

Industrial Manufacturing 
Industry 

Oil and Gas Industry 

Bioplastics Industry 

Our network of joint ventures and subsidiaries allows us to operate in 
over 60 countries worldwide, allowing us reach customers globally. 

ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting packaging solutions resolve 
corrosion problems while reducing operating costs, increasing 
productivity and enhancing customer satisfaction.  During fiscal 2022, 
ZERUST® industrial sales increased by 28.8% compared to fiscal 2021 as 
a result of increased demand. 

Our global network of trained corrosion management professionals and 
channel partners help us develop specialized corrosion mitigation 
solutions for the oil and gas industry, provide local support, and conduct 
client training. ZERUST® oil and gas net sales increased 21.5% during 
fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily as a result of new 
opportunities with new customers. 

Our Natur-Tec® biobased and compostable plastics are manufactured 
using NTIC’s patented and/or proprietary technologies and are intended 
to replace conventional plastics and thereby reduce our customers’ 
carbon footprint and provide environmentally sound waste disposal 
options.  Sales of our Natur-Tec® products increased by 68.2% during 
fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 due to re-opening initiatives and 
government regulation related to disposable plastics.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE HIGHLIGHTS 

  Annual election of directors 
  Majority of independent directors 
  Independent Board Chairman 
  Three fully independent Board committees 
  Corporate governance guidelines 
  Annual review of governance documents 
  Stock ownership guidelines for executive 

officers and directors 

STOCKHOLDER ENGAGEMENT  

  Recent Board refreshment efforts 
  100% Board meeting attendance by directors 
  No poison pill 
  Annual say-on-pay vote 
  Robust clawback policy 
  No guaranteed bonuses or significant perks 
  Limits on board memberships held 

We are committed to a robust and proactive stockholder engagement program.  The Board of Directors 
values the perspectives of our stockholders, and feedback from stockholders on our business, corporate 
governance, executive compensation, and sustainability practices are important considerations for Board 
discussions throughout the year.  Some of the actions we have taken in response to feedback from proxy 
advisory firms and stockholders over the last several years are described below. 

What We Heard 
Encourage Board refreshment 

Increase Board gender diversity 

Increase stockholder influence over 
director elections 

Align long-term incentives 

Increase visibility of Environmental, Social 
and Governance (“ESG”) principles 

Ensure the recovery of incentive 
compensation based on incorrect 
calculations that resulted in a financial 
restatement or egregious behavior 
Align the interests of executive officers and 
directors with those of stockholders 

What We Did 
We added two new members to the Board of Directors in 
October 2019 and have nominated Cristina Pinho for 
election at the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  
We added Nancy E. Calderon and Sarah E. Kemp to the 
Board of Directors, updated our Nominating and 
Corporate Governance Committee Charter to include 
responsibility for making recommendations to the Board 
regarding director diversity, and nominated Cristina 
Pinho for election at the 2023 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders. 
We adopted a “plurality plus” vote standard for 
uncontested director elections, with a director resignation 
policy, instead of a simple plurality vote standard. 
We extended the vesting of our annual stock option 
grants to three-year vesting in response to a concern 
raised by one of our institutional stockholders.  
We adopted a Health, Safety and Environment Policy as 
well as a Human Rights Policy to formalize our approach 
and further our goals with respect to these matters, as 
described below. We have also added an ESG section to 
our investor relations website to increase visibility. 
We adopted a robust clawback policy which applies to 
not only financial restatements but also if an executive 
engages in egregious conduct that is substantially 
detrimental to NTIC. 
We adopted stock ownership guidelines applicable to our 
executive officers and directors to ensure that their 
interests would be closely aligned with those of our 
stockholders. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY  

The Board of Directors understands the importance of adding diverse, experienced talent to the Board of 
Directors in order to establish an array of experience and strategic views.  The Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee is committed to refreshment efforts to ensure that the composition of the Board of 
Directors and each of its committees encompasses a wide range of perspectives and knowledge.  

All of our Board nominees collectively bring tremendous diversity to the Board. Each nominee is a 
strategic thinker and has varying, specialized experience in the areas relevant to NTIC and its businesses. 
Moreover, their collective experience covers a wide range of geographies and industries, and roles in 
academia, corporate governance and government.  The eight director nominees range in age from 55 to 
74; three of the eight director nominees are women; two are of Asian descent; one is of African descent; 
one is a citizen of Brazil, one is a citizen of the Republic of Korea and one is a citizen of Germany.  

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS NOMINEES 

Below are the director nominees for election by stockholders at the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
for a one-year term.  With the exception of Cristina Pinho, all director nominees are current directors and 
attended 100% of all Board meetings and 100% of the sum of all meetings of the Board of Directors and 
its committees, as applicable.   

Director 
Nancy E. Calderon 
Sarah E. Kemp 
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
G. Patrick Lynch 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
Richard J. Nigon 
Cristina Pinho 
Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Age 
63 
56 
70 
55 
73 
74 
64 
55 

Serving Since 
2019 
2019 
2004 
2004 
2004 
2010 
— 
2012 

Independent 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
No 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” each of these nominees. 

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION 

The Board of Directors maintains a standing Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, each comprised of the following directors:   

Director 

Nancy E. Calderon 
Sarah E. Kemp 
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
G. Patrick Lynch 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
Richard J. Nigon 
Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Audit 
Committee 
● 

Compensation 
Committee 

Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee 
● 
● 

● 

● 
● 

● 
● 

● 

KEY QUALIFICATIONS 

The following are some key qualifications, skills and experiences of our director nominees.  

Director 

Leadership/ 
Management 

Financial 
Expertise 

International 
Experience 

Prior Board 
Experience 

Government 
Experience 

Nancy E. Calderon 
Sarah E. Kemp 
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
G. Patrick Lynch 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
Richard J. Nigon 
Cristina Pinho 
Konstantin von 
Falkenhausen 

● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

● 
● 

● 
● 

● 

● 

● 

● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

● 
● 

● 

● 

● 

5 

Bioplastics 
Industry 
Experience 

● 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY 

Our guiding compensation philosophy is to maintain an executive compensation program that allows us 
to attract, retain, motivate and reward qualified and talented executives who will enable us to grow our 
business, achieve our annual, long-term and strategic goals and drive long-term stockholder value.  

The following core principles provide a framework for our executive compensation program:  

•  Align interests of our executives with stockholder interests; 

• 

Integrate compensation with our business plans and strategic goals;  

•  Link amount of compensation to both company and individual performance; and 

•  Provide fair and competitive compensation opportunities that attract and retain executives. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION BEST PRACTICES 

Our compensation practices include many best practices that support our executive compensation 
objectives and principles and benefit our stockholders.  

What we do: 
•  Emphasize pay for performance 
•  Structure our executive compensation so a 

significant portion of pay is at risk 

What we don’t do: 
•  No guaranteed salary increases or bonuses 
•  No repricing of stock options unless approved 

by stockholders 

•  Structure our executive compensation so a 

•  No pledging of NTIC securities, unless certain 

significant portion is paid in equity 
•  Maintain competitive pay packages 
•  Maintain robust clawback policy 
•  Hold an annual say-on-pay vote 
•  Maintain stock ownership guidelines 

HOW WE PAY 

criteria are met 

•  No hedging of NTIC securities  
•  No excessive perquisites 
•  No tax gross-ups 

Our executive compensation program consists of the following principal elements: 

•  Base salary – a fixed amount, paid in cash and reviewed annually and, if appropriate, adjusted. 

•  Annual incentive – a variable, short-term element that is typically payable in cash and is based on a 

corporate profitability goal and individual performance goals. 

•  Long-term incentive – a variable, long-term element that is provided in stock options. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FISCAL 2022 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ACTIONS  

Fiscal 2022 compensation actions and incentive plan outcomes based on performance are summarized 
below: 

Element 

Base Salary 

Annual Incentive 

Long-Term Incentive 

Key Fiscal 2022 Actions 
Our executives received base salary increases at the start of fiscal 2022 of 
8.0%. 

Our executives received annual bonuses based primarily on Adjusted 
EBITOI (earnings before interest, taxes, and other income, as adjusted to 
take into account amounts paid under bonus plan and other adjustments), in 
amounts representing 86.5% of their base salaries.  A portion of the annual 
incentive earned for fiscal 2022 was paid in the form of stock option grants 
made at the beginning of fiscal 2022. 

Our executives received stock option grants on September 1, 2021, which 
vest annually over a three-year period.  The fiscal 2022 stock option grants 
were intended as partial payout of the fiscal 2022 annual bonus program.  

Health and Welfare Benefits  No significant changes were made. 

Retirement Plans 

No significant changes were made. 

Perquisites 

No significant changes were made. 

ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The Board of Directors is providing our stockholders with an advisory vote on our executive 
compensation, commonly known as a “say-on-pay” vote.  We last submitted a say-on-pay proposal to our 
shareholders at our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on January 21, 2022.  At that meeting, 
approximately 99% of the votes cast by our stockholders were in favor of our say-on-pay vote. 

The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the approval of our say-on-pay proposal. 

RATIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC 
ACCOUNTING FIRM   

Although stockholder ratification is not required, the appointment of Baker Tilly US, LLP as NTIC’s 
independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 2023 is being submitted for ratification at the 
2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders as a matter of good corporate governance.  

The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the ratification of Baker Tilly US, LLP as NTIC’s 
independent registered public accounting firm. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF 
INCORPORATION TO LIMIT OFFICER LIABILITY  

The State of Delaware, which is NTIC’s state of incorporation, recently enacted legislation that enables 
Delaware companies to limit the liability of certain officers in limited circumstances.  The Board of 
Directors believes it is important to provide protection from certain liabilities and expenses that may 
discourage prospective or current directors from accepting or continuing membership on corporate boards 
and prospective or current officers from serving corporations.  Accordingly, the Board of Directors 
determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of NTIC and our stockholders to amend the current 
exculpation and liability provisions in Article IX of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, 
to extend exculpation protection to our officers in addition to our directors.  

The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the proposal to approve an amendment to our 
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to limit the liability of officers. 

2024 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 

We anticipate that our 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held on or about Friday, January 19, 
2024. 

The following are important dates in connection with our 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Stockholder Action 
Proposal Pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 
Nomination of a Candidate Pursuant to our Bylaws 

Proposal of Other Business for Consideration 
Pursuant to our Bylaws 

Submission Deadline 
No later than August 7, 2023 

Between September 22, 2023 and  
October 22, 2023 
Between September 22, 2023 and  
October 22, 2023 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OUR COMMITMENT TO ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND 
GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES 

ESG APPROACH AND MISSION 

At NTIC, we are committed to creating a more sustainable future. We convert unique, environmentally 
beneficial materials science into value-added products and services for industrial and consumer 
applications. Our research and development teams deliver innovative technologies and products that 
address climate change, use renewable materials, and enable sustainable waste management. We do this 
while maintaining the highest performance and processability. 

ESG COMMITMENTS 

Environmental:  We are committed to operating in an environmentally responsible manner, as set forth 
in our Policy Statement on Health, Safety and Environment, in order to reduce our impact on climate 
change, conserve natural resources and operate in compliance with environmental regulations. 

Social:  We are committed to being a socially responsible employer by prioritizing health and safety, as 
set forth in our Policy Statement on Health, Safety and Environment, and fostering an environment of 
diversity and inclusion across our business, as set forth in our Human Rights Policy. 

Governance:  We are committed to building a culture dedicated to ethical business behavior and 
responsible corporate activity, as set forth in our Code of Ethics. We believe strong corporate governance 
is the foundation to delivering on our commitments.   

ESG INITIATIVES 

  We utilize electricity generated by 100% renewable sources for all NTIC facilities in the United 

States.  

  We develop technologies that support green manufacturing processes and environmental 

production.  

  Our corrosion management solutions are used for product packaging, rust prevention, and rust 

removers to reduce the impact manufacturing has on the environment by preserving metal assets, 
reducing waste and energy required to make new items, aiding in the refurbishing and 
remanufacturing of used metal items, preventing waste by enabling the recycling of rusted metal 
items, providing alternative solutions from the use of oil and solvents to protect metal assets, and 
offering recyclable and compostable products. 

  Our oil and gas products reduce the environmental impact of the oil and gas industry by reducing 
the waste of metal assets and fossil fuels, preventing spillage and leaks, and extending the service 
life of metal assets.  

  Our oil and gas solutions are designed to meet stringent Environmental Protection Agency 

regulations. 

  Our Natur-Tec® bioplastics business supports the sustainability goals of people and companies by 
enabling users to reduce their carbon footprint, offering high-quality certified bio-based and 
100% compostable resins and products, and researching new technologies to improve sustainable 
product choices.  

  Our Board of directors and executive leadership team is committed to building a diverse and 
inclusive workforce and is committed to equal opportunity in regard to all hiring decisions, 
including the hiring/promoting of management positions and Board of Director appointments.  

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Our efforts to diversify its workforce have resulted in a workforce that is comprised of 41% 

female employees and 27% racially or ethnically diverse employees and a management team that 
is comprised of 40% female leaders and 23% racially or ethnically diverse leaders. 

  We believe that sustainability means being a responsible and ethical corporate citizen, and we 

support employees as they give back to the communities in which they live and work by engaging 
in efforts to strengthen community relationships and foster employee engagement. 

HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT 

Health, safety and environment are the cornerstone of NTIC.  We are in the business of converting 
unique, environmentally beneficial materials science into value added products and services for industrial 
and consumer applications.  We believe that we are responsible to our worldwide customers, our people, 
our communities and our stockholders, and we take these responsibilities seriously.  We are dedicated to 
investing in the future of the planet and our people and we intend to continue to invest in health, safety 
and environmental protection and improvements in a timely manner consistent with available technology. 

We are guided by our Policy Statement on Health, Safety and Environment, which describes our health, 
safety and environmental objectives, including ensuring that all activities across the value chain are 
conducted in a manner consistent with our quality management standard and health, safety and 
environmental programs, ensuring that business activities are conducted to prevent harm and protect 
health and safety, and developing, manufacturing, distributing and marketing products and services with 
full regard for health, safety and environmental aspects.  To accomplish these objectives, we intend to 
establish targets within our quality management standard and health, safety and environmental programs 
to measure progress and ensure continuous improvement, provide safe and healthy workplaces for our 
employees and contractors, and provide continued training to enable employees to meet their 
responsibility to contribute to compliance with our health, safety and environmental objectives.  

DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION; CODE OF ETHICS 

Diversity and inclusion are embedded in our values and integrated into our strategies.  Our Human Rights 
Policy was designed to align with the United Nations Global Compact and core elements of the United 
Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.  We are committed to providing an environment free of 
discrimination and harassment, where all individuals are treated with respect and dignity, can contribute 
fully, and have equal opportunities.  We have worked to build a diverse and inclusive workforce and are 
committed to equal opportunity.  We invest in building diverse talent pools and provide training to 
improve skills where appropriate.  We uphold and support the right to equal treatment without 
discrimination or harassment, as reflected in our Equal Opportunity, Non-Discrimination, and Anti-
Harassment Policy. 

The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics, which applies to all of our directors, executive 
officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and employees.

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014 

PROXY STATEMENT FOR 
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 
January 20, 2023 

The Board of Directors of Northern Technologies International Corporation is soliciting your proxy for 
use at the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on Friday, January 20, 2023.  The Board of 
Directors expects to make available to our stockholders beginning on or about December 5, 2022 the 
Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, this proxy statement and a form of proxy on the Internet or 
will mail these materials to stockholders of NTIC upon their request.   

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING 
________________ 

Date, Time, Place and Purposes of Meeting 

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Northern Technologies International Corporation (sometimes 
referred to as “NTIC,” “we,” “our” or “us” in this proxy statement) will be held on Friday, January 20, 
2023, at 11:00 a.m., Central Standard Time, at the principal executive offices of Northern Technologies 
International Corporation located at 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014, for the 
purposes set forth in the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  

Who Can Vote 

Stockholders of record at the close of business on November 22, 2022 will be entitled to notice of and to 
vote at the meeting or any adjournment of the meeting.  As of that date, there were 9,366,357 shares of 
our common stock outstanding.  Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on each matter to 
be voted on at the Annual Meeting.  Stockholders are not entitled to cumulate voting rights. 

How You Can Vote 

Your vote is important.  Whether you hold shares directly as a stockholder of record or beneficially in 
“street name” (through a broker, bank or other nominee), you may vote your shares without attending the 
Annual Meeting.  You may vote by granting a proxy or, for shares held in street name, by submitting 
voting instructions to your broker, bank or other nominee. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If you are a registered stockholder whose shares are registered in your name, you may vote your shares in 
person at the meeting or by one of the three following methods: 

•  Vote by Internet, by going to the website address www.proxyvote.com and following the 
instructions for Internet voting shown on the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy 
Materials or on your proxy card. 

•  Vote by Telephone, by dialing 1-800-690-6903 and following the instructions for telephone 
voting shown on the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or on your proxy card. 

•  Vote by Proxy Card, by completing, signing, dating and mailing the enclosed proxy card in 

the envelope provided if you received a paper copy of these proxy materials.   

If you vote by Internet or telephone, please do not mail your proxy card.   

If your shares are held in “street name” (through a broker, bank or other nominee), you may receive a 
separate voting instruction form with this proxy statement or you may need to contact your broker, bank 
or other nominee to determine whether you will be able to vote electronically using the Internet or 
telephone. 

The deadline for voting by telephone or by using the Internet is 11:59 p.m., Eastern Standard Time 
(10:59 p.m., Central Standard Time), on the day before the date of the Annual Meeting or any 
adjournments thereof.  Please see the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, your proxy card 
or the information your bank, broker, or other holder of record provided to you for more information on 
your options for voting. 

If you return your signed proxy card or use Internet or telephone voting before the Annual Meeting, the 
named proxies will vote your shares as you direct.  You have three choices on each matter to be voted on. 

For Proposal One—Election of Directors, you may: 

•  Vote FOR all eight nominees for director, 

•  WITHHOLD your vote from all eight nominees for director or 

•  WITHHOLD your vote from one or more of the eight nominees for director. 

For each of the other proposals, you may: 

•  Vote FOR the proposal, 

•  Vote AGAINST the proposal or 

•  ABSTAIN from voting on the proposal. 

If you send in your proxy card or use Internet or telephone voting, but do not specify how you want to 
vote your shares, the proxies will vote your shares FOR all eight of the nominees for election to the 
Board of Directors in Proposal One—Election of Directors and FOR each of the other proposals. 

12 

 
How Does the Board Recommend that You Vote 

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that you vote: 

•  FOR all eight of the nominees for election to the Board of Directors in Proposal One—

Election of Directors;  

•  FOR Proposal Two—Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation; 

•  FOR Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public 

Accounting Firm; and 

•  FOR Proposal Four—Approval of Amendment to NTIC’s Restated Certificate of 

Incorporation to limit the liability of certain officers of NTIC as permitted by recent 
amendments to Delaware law. 

How You May Change Your Vote or Revoke Your Proxy 

If you are a stockholder whose shares are registered in your name, you may revoke your proxy at any time 
before it is voted by one of the following methods: 

•  Submitting another proper proxy with a more recent date than that of the proxy first given by 
following the Internet or telephone voting instructions or completing, signing, dating and 
returning a proxy card to us; 

•  Sending written notice of your revocation to our Corporate Secretary; or 

•  Attending the Annual Meeting and voting by ballot. 

Quorum Requirement 

The presence at the Annual Meeting, in person or by proxy, of the holders of a majority (4,683,179 
shares) of the outstanding shares of our common stock as of the record date will constitute a quorum for 
the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting.  In general, shares of our common stock represented by 
proxies marked “For,” “Against,” “Abstain” or “Withheld” are counted in determining whether a quorum 
is present.  In addition, a “broker non-vote” is counted in determining whether a quorum is present.  A 
“broker non-vote” is a proxy returned by a broker on behalf of its beneficial owner customer that is not 
voted on a particular matter because voting instructions have not been received by the broker from the 
customer, and the broker has no discretionary authority to vote on behalf of such customer on such 
matter. 

Vote Required 

Proposal One—Election of Directors will be decided by the affirmative vote of a plurality of shares of our 
common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.  A 
“plurality” for Proposal One means the individuals who receive the greatest number of votes cast “For” 
are elected as directors.  However, under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, in an uncontested 
election of directors, any nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes “withheld” from 
his or her election than votes “for” his or her election by stockholders present in person or by proxy at the 
Annual Meeting and entitled to vote in the election of directors is required to tender a written offer to 

13 

 
resign from the Board of Directors within five business days of the certification of the stockholder vote by 
the Inspector of Elections.  

Proposal Two—Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation will be decided by the affirmative vote of a 
majority of shares of our common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at 
the Annual Meeting.  Although this is a non-binding, advisory vote, the Compensation Committee and 
Board of Directors expect to take into account the outcome of the vote when considering future executive 
compensation decisions. 

Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm will be 
decided by the affirmative vote of a majority of shares of our common stock present in person or 
represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. 

Proposal Four—Approval of Amendment to NTIC’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation will be decided 
by the affirmative vote of a majority of shares of our common stock outstanding as of the record date for 
the Annual Meeting. 

If your shares are held in “street name” and you do not indicate how you wish to vote, your broker is 
permitted to exercise its discretion to vote your shares only on certain “routine” matters.  Proposal One—
Election of Directors, Proposal Two—Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation and Proposal Three—
Approval of Amendment to NTIC’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation are not “routine” matters.  
Accordingly, if you do not direct your broker how to vote, your broker may not exercise discretion and 
may not vote your shares on any of these two proposals.  This is called a “broker non-vote,” and although 
your shares will be considered to be represented by proxy at the meeting, they will not be considered to be 
shares “entitled to vote” or “votes cast” at the meeting and will not be counted as having been voted on 
the applicable proposal.  Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm is a “routine” matter, and, as such, your broker is permitted to exercise its discretion to 
vote your shares for or against the proposals in the absence of your instruction.   

Proposal 
Proposal One:  Election of 
Directors 

Votes Required 
Plurality of the votes cast.  This 
means that the eight nominees 
receiving the highest number of 
affirmative “FOR” votes will be 
elected as directors.(1) 

Effect of  
Broker  
Non-Votes 
Broker non-
votes will have 
no effect. 

Effect of Votes 
Withheld / 
Abstentions 
Votes withheld 
will have no 
effect, unless 
there are more 
votes withheld 
than “FOR” 
votes.(1) 

Proposal Two:  Advisory Vote 
on Executive Compensation 

Affirmative vote of a majority of 
shares of common stock present 
in person or by proxy and entitled 
to vote thereon. 

Abstentions will 
have the effect 
of a vote against 
the proposal.  

Broker non-
votes will have 
no effect.   

Proposal Three:  Ratification 
of Appointment of 
Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm 

Affirmative vote of a majority of 
shares of common stock present 
in person or by proxy and entitled 
to vote thereon.  

Abstentions will 
have the effect 
of a vote against 
the proposal. 

We do not 
expect any 
broker non-
votes on this 
proposal.   

14 

 
 
 
 
 
Proposal 
Proposal Four:  Approval of 
Amendment to NTIC’s 
Restated Certificate of 
Incorporation 

Votes Required 
Affirmative vote of a majority of 
shares of our common stock 
outstanding as of the record date 
for the Annual Meeting.   

________________________ 

Effect of Votes 
Withheld / 
Abstentions 
Abstentions will 
have the effect 
of a vote against 
the proposal. 

Effect of  
Broker  
Non-Votes 
Broker non-
votes will have 
the effect of a 
vote against 
the proposal. 

(1) 

Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, in an uncontested election of directors, any 
nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes “withheld” from his or her election 
than votes “for” his or her election by stockholders present in person or by proxy at the Annual 
Meeting and entitled to vote in the election of directors is required to tender a written offer to 
resign from the Board of Directors within five business days of the certification of the 
stockholder vote by the Inspector of Elections. 

Other Business 

Our management does not intend to present other items of business and knows of no items of business 
that are likely to be brought before the Annual Meeting, except those described in this proxy statement.  
However, if any other matters should properly come before the Annual Meeting, the persons named on 
the proxy card will have discretionary authority to vote such proxy in accordance with their best judgment 
on the matters. 

Procedures at the Annual Meeting 

The presiding officer at the Annual Meeting will determine how business at the meeting will be 
conducted.  Only matters brought before the Annual Meeting in accordance with our Bylaws will be 
considered.  Only a natural person present at the Annual Meeting who is either one of our stockholders, or 
is acting on behalf of one of our stockholders, may make a motion or second a motion.  A person acting 
on behalf of a stockholder must present a written statement executed by the stockholder or the duly-
authorized representative of the stockholder on whose behalf the person purports to act. 

Householding of Annual Meeting Materials 

Some banks, brokers and other nominee record holders may be participating in the practice of 
“householding” proxy statements, annual reports and the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy 
Materials.  This means that only one copy of this proxy statement, our Annual Report to Stockholders or 
the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials may have been sent to multiple stockholders in each 
household, unless contrary instructions have been given.  We will promptly deliver a separate copy of any 
of these documents to any stockholder upon written or oral request to our Stockholder Information 
Department, Northern Technologies International Corporation, 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, 
Minnesota 55014, telephone: (763) 225-6637.  Any stockholder who wants to receive separate copies of 
this proxy statement, our Annual Report to Stockholders or the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy 
Materials in the future, or any stockholder who is receiving multiple copies and would like to receive only 
one copy per household, should contact the stockholder’s bank, broker or other nominee record holder, or 
the stockholder may contact us at the above address and telephone number. 

15 

 
Proxy Solicitation Costs 

The cost of soliciting proxies, including the preparation, assembly, electronic availability and mailing of 
proxies and soliciting material, as well as the cost of making available or forwarding this material to the 
beneficial owners of our common stock, will be borne by NTIC.  Our directors, officers and regular 
employees may, without compensation other than their regular compensation, solicit proxies by 
telephone, e-mail, facsimile or personal conversation.  We may reimburse brokerage firms and others for 
expenses in making available or forwarding solicitation materials to the beneficial owners of our common 
stock. 

16 

 
PROPOSAL ONE—ELECTION OF DIRECTORS 
________________ 

Number of Directors 

Our Bylaws provide that the Board of Directors will consist of that number of directors as may be 
determined by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders at an annual meeting.  The Board of 
Directors has fixed the number of directors at eight, effective as of the date of the Annual Meeting. 

Nominees for Director 

The Board of Directors has nominated the following eight individuals to serve as our directors until the 
next annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are elected and qualified.  With the 
exception of Cristina Pinho, all nominees named below are current members of the Board of Directors.   

•  Nancy E. Calderon 
•  Sarah E. Kemp 
•  Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
•  G. Patrick Lynch 

•  Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
•  Richard J. Nigon 
•  Cristina Pinho 
•  Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Proxies can only be voted for the number of persons named as nominees in this proxy statement, which is 
eight. If prior to the Annual Meeting, the Board of Directors should learn that any nominee will be unable 
to serve for any reason, the proxies that otherwise would have been voted for this nominee will be voted 
for a substitute nominee as selected by the Board.  Alternatively, the proxies, at the Board’s discretion, 
may be voted for that fewer number of nominees as results from the inability of any nominee to serve.  
The Board of Directors has no reason to believe that any of the nominees will be unable to serve. 

Information about Current Directors and Board Nominees 

The following table sets forth as of November 30, 2022 the name, age and principal occupation of each 
current director and each individual who has been nominated by the Board of Directors to serve as a 
director of NTIC, as well as how long each individual has served as a director of NTIC.  

Name 
Nancy E. Calderon(1)(2) 
Sarah E. Kemp(2) 

Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D.(3) 
G. Patrick Lynch 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 

Age  Principal Occupation 
63 
56  Vice President, International Government Affairs of 

Former Partner of KPMG LLP 

Intel Corporation 

Director 
Since 
2019 
2019 

70  Chief Technologist of Chemtech Innovators LLC 
55 
President and Chief Executive Officer of NTIC 
73  Distinguished Professor in Department of Chemical 
Engineering & Materials Science at Michigan State 
University 
74 
Senior Vice President of Cedar Point Capital, Inc. 
64  Chair of the Board of Instituto Luísa Pinho Sartori 
55 

Partner of B Capital Partners AG 

2004 
2004 
2004 

2010 
— 
2012 

Richard J. Nigon(1)(2)(3) 
Cristina Pinho 
Konstantin von Falkenhausen(1)(3) 
_________________________ 
(1) 
(2) 
(3) 

Member of the Audit Committee 
Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
Member of the Compensation Committee  

17 

 
Additional Information about Current Directors and Board Nominees 

The following paragraphs provide information about each current director and nominee for director, 
including all positions he or she holds, his or her principal occupation and business experience for the past 
five years, and the names of other publicly-held companies of which the director or nominee currently 
serves as a director or has served as a director during the past five years.  We believe that all of our 
directors and nominees display personal and professional integrity; satisfactory levels of education and/or 
business experience; broad-based business acumen; an appropriate level of understanding of our business 
and its industry and other industries relevant to our business; the ability and willingness to devote 
adequate time to the work of the Board of Directors and its committees; a fit of skills and personality with 
those of our other directors that helps build a board that is effective, collegial and responsive to the needs 
of NTIC; strategic thinking and a willingness to share ideas; a diversity of experiences, expertise and 
background; and the ability to represent the interests of all of our stockholders.  The information 
presented below regarding each director and nominee also sets forth specific experience, qualifications, 
attributes and skills that led the Board of Directors to the conclusion that such individual should serve as a 
director in light of our business and structure. 

Nancy E. Calderon has been a director of NTIC since October 2019.  Ms. Calderon is a CPA and retired 
from KPMG LLP in September 2019 after a distinguished 33-year career.  Until her retirement, Nancy 
served as Global Lead Partner for a Fortune 40 Technology company, managing a global team of over 
500 professionals in more than 50 countries, a position she held since July 2012, senior partner of 
KPMG’s Board Leadership Center from its inception in 2015, and as a director of KPMG’s Global 
Delivery Center in India and its related holding companies since September 2011. Previously, she was 
KPMG’s Americas Chief Administrative Officer and U.S. National Partner in Charge, Operations from 
July 2008 to June 2012.  Ms. Calderon has sat on a number of KPMG committees, including the 
Americas Region Management Committee, Enterprise Risk Management, Privacy, Pension Steering and 
Investment, Social Media and Knowledge Management.  She currently serves on the boards of directors 
of Arcimoto, Inc. and Belden Inc.  We believe Ms. Calderon’s qualifications to sit on the Board of 
Directors include her extensive financial accounting experience with KPMG and her current and prior 
experience on boards of directors, including, in particular, her experience serving on the audit committees 
of Arcimoto, Inc.; Belden, Inc.; KPMG’s Global Delivery Center; Women Corporate Directors 
Foundation and the New York YMCA.  Ms. Calderon received a Bachelor of Science from UC 
Berkeley’s Haas Business School and a Master of Science from Golden Gate University.  

Sarah E. Kemp has been a director of NTIC since October 2019. Ms. Kemp is Vice President, 
International Government Affairs for Intel Corporation. Before joining Intel Corporation in February 
2022, Ms. Kemp was the Associate Vice President for Organon, a global biopharmaceutical company 
where she lead Global Women’s Health Policy and ESG, a position she served since April 2021.  Prior to 
Organon, Ms. Kemp lead Merck’s Policy Communication and Population Health organization responsible 
for emerging markets from November 2020 to April 2021.  Prior to this role, she was the Executive 
Director, Public Policy and Commercial Strategies for China and the Asia Pacific from July 2019 to 
October 2020.  Before joining Merck, Ms. Kemp was the Deputy Under Secretary, for the International 
Trade Administration at the U.S. Department of Commerce in Washington, D.C., from February 2017 to 
July 2019.  In this role, she oversaw a $485 million annual budget and 2,100 trade and investment 
professionals based in 108 US cites and 76 markets around the world.  Prior to her time in D.C., she was 
the Minister Counselor for Commercial Affairs at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, overseeing the U.S. 
Department of Commerce’s trade promotion and trade policy activities in its operations in Beijing, 
Chengdu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Shenyang and Guangzhou.  In this capacity, she was a key advisor to the 
Ambassador and advised U.S. CEOs—from fortune 500 companies to SME’s—on China business 
strategy, market access, export promotion, anti-dumping / countervailing duty cases, intellectual property 
protection and export controls.  As a career Foreign Commercial Service Officer, she served as the 

18 

 
Country Manager in China and Vietnam, and had multiple postings in Beijing, Hong Kong and Bangkok.  
Ms. Kemp joined Commerce as a Presidential Management Fellow.  Ms. Kemp served on the board of 
directors of the Concordia International School in Hanoi, Vietnam, an international day school offering 
preschool through high school education, from 2012-2014 and was the Co-Chair of Women Corporate 
Directors in Vietnam from 2011-2014 and in Beijing from 2009-2011.  Ms. Kemp is currently a member 
of the World Economic Forum’s Global Future Council on China.  We believe Ms. Kemp’s qualifications 
to sit on the Board of Directors include her extensive knowledge and experience in international 
commerce, particularly with regard to Asia Pacific and Greater China, her prior board experience and her 
in depth experience in international and public affairs.  Ms. Kemp received her Master of Business 
Administration from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, her Master of Public Administration from 
Columbia University and her Bachelor of Arts in Physiological–Anthropology from Hamilton College. 

Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. has been a director of NTIC since January 2004.  Dr. Lee is Chief Technologist, 
Chemtech Innovators LLC, Akron, Ohio. Previously, he held positions of Russ Ohio Research Scholar 
and Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio from 2010 to 
2020, Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Missouri University of Science and 
Technology, Rolla, Missouri from 2005 to 2010, C.W. LaPierre Professor and Chairman of Chemical 
Engineering at University of Missouri-Columbia from 1997 to 2005, and Robert Iredell Professor and 
Head of Chemical Engineering Department at the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio from 1988 to 1996. 
He has authored 12 books and over 550 archival publications and received 35 U.S. patents in a variety of 
chemical and polymer processes and products. He is currently serving as Editor of Encyclopedia of 
Chemical Processing, Taylor & Francis, New York, New York and also as Book Series Editor of Green 
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.  Throughout his career, he has 
served as consultant and technical advisor to a number of national and international companies in the 
fields of polymers, petrochemicals and energy.  He received his Ph.D. from Case Western Reserve 
University, Cleveland, Ohio in 1980.  We believe Dr. Lee’s qualifications to sit on the Board of Directors 
include his significant technical and industrial expertise with chemical and polymer processes and 
products.  Such expertise is particularly helpful with respect to assessing and operating NTIC’s 
ZERUST® industrial business. 

G. Patrick Lynch, an employee of NTIC since 1995, has been President since July 2005 and Chief 
Executive Officer since January 2006 and was appointed a director of NTIC in February 2004.  
Mr. Lynch served as President of North American Operations of NTIC from May 2004 to July 2005.  
Prior to May 2004, Mr. Lynch held various positions with NTIC, including Vice President of Strategic 
Planning, Corporate Secretary and Project Manager.  Mr. Lynch is also an officer and director of Inter 
Alia Holding Company, which is a significant stockholder of NTIC.  Prior to joining NTIC, Mr. Lynch 
held positions in sales management for Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. in Tokyo, Japan, and programming project 
management for BMW AG in Munich, Germany.  Mr. Lynch received a Master of Business 
Administration degree from the University of Michigan Ross School of Business.  We believe 
Mr. Lynch’s qualifications to sit on the Board of Directors include his depth of knowledge of NTIC and 
its day-to-day operations in light of his position as Chief Executive Officer of NTIC, as well as his 
affiliation with a significant stockholder of NTIC, which the Board of Directors believes generally helps 
align management’s interests with those of our stockholders. 

Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. has been a director of NTIC since November 2004.  He is a Distinguished 
Professor at Michigan State University in the Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 
where he has 200+ refereed publications in leading journals to his credit, 19 patents, edited three books 
and one expert dossier in the area of bio-based polymeric materials.  His research encompasses design 
and engineering of sustainable, biobased products, biodegradable plastics and polymers, biofiber 
reinforced composites, reactive extrusion polymerization and processing, studies in plastic end-of-life 
options like biodegradation and composting.  He conducts carbon footprint calculations for plastics and 

19 

 
products.  He also performs LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) for reporting a product’s environmental 
footprint.  He serves as Scientific Chair of the Biodegradable Products Institute (BPI), North America.  
He served on the Technical Advisory Board of Tate & Lyle.  He served on the Board of Directors of 
ASTM International, an international standard setting organization and was the founding Chair of the 
committee on Environmentally Degradable Plastics and Biobased Products (D20.96) and the Plastics 
Terminology Committee (D20.92).  Dr. Narayan is also the technical expert for the United States on ISO 
(International Standards Organization) TC 61 on Plastics—specifically for Terminology, Biobased and 
Biodegradable Plastics.  He has won numerous awards, including the Named MSU University 
Distinguished Professor in 2007; the Governors University Award for commercialization excellence; 
Michigan State University Distinguished Faculty Award, 2006, 2005 Withrow Distinguished Scholar 
award,  Fulbright Distinguished Lectureship Chair in Science & Technology Management & 
Commercialization (University of Lisbon; Portugal); First recipient of the William N. Findley Award, 
The James Hammer Memorial Lifetime Achievement Award, and Research and Commercialization 
Award sponsored by ICI Americas, Inc. & the National Corn Growers Association.  We believe 
Dr. Narayan’s qualifications to sit on the Board of Directors include his significant technical expertise in 
the bioplastics area which has been helpful to NTIC’s management in assessing and operating NTIC’s 
Natur-Tec® bioplastics business. 

Richard J. Nigon has been a director of NTIC since February 2010 and non-executive Chairman of the 
Board since November 2012.  Mr. Nigon is the Senior Vice President of Cedar Point Capital, Inc., a 
private company that raises capital for early stage companies.  From February 2001 until May 2007, 
Mr. Nigon was a Director of Equity Corporate Finance for Miller Johnson Steichen Kinnard (MJSK), a 
privately held investment firm.  In December 2006, MJSK was acquired by Stifel Nicolaus, and 
Mr. Nigon was a Managing Director of Private Placements at Stifel Nicolaus.  From February 2000 to 
February 2001, Mr. Nigon served as the Chief Financial Officer of Dantis, Inc., a web hosting company. 
Prior to joining Dantis, Mr. Nigon was employed by Ernst & Young, LLP from 1970 to 2000, where he 
served as a partner from 1981 to 2000.  While at Ernst & Young, Mr. Nigon served as the Director of 
Ernst & Young’s Twin Cities Entrepreneurial Services Group and was the coordinating partner on several 
publicly-traded companies in the consumer retailing and manufacturing sectors.  In addition to NTIC, 
Mr. Nigon also serves on the board of directors of Celcuity Inc. and as chairperson of its audit committee 
and serves on the board of directors of a number of privately-held companies.  Mr. Nigon previously 
served on the board of directors of Tactile Systems Technology, Inc., Virtual Radiologic Corporation and 
Vascular Solutions, Inc. until its acquisition by Teleflex Incorporated in February 2017.  Through his 30 
years of service at Ernst & Young, LLP, Mr. Nigon brings to NTIC’s Board of Directors, and in particular 
the Audit Committee, extensive public accounting and auditing experience.  The Board believes 
Mr. Nigon’s strong background in financial controls and reporting, financial management, financial 
analysis and SEC reporting requirements is critical to the Board’s oversight responsibilities.  In addition, 
his strategic planning expertise and other experiences gained through his management and leadership 
roles at private investment firms that have invested in early stage companies, is helpful to the Board in 
assessing and operating NTIC’s newer businesses. 

Cristina Pinho is Chair of the Board of Instituto Luísa Pinho Sartori, a nonprofit organization in Brazil 
whose mission is to support and incentivize conservationists and biologists to work on environmental 
protection, a position she has held since April 2015.  Ms. Pinho is also an independent board director of 
Ocyan, a private company, a position she has held since August 2020.  From November 2019 to January 
2022, she served as Corporate Executive Director at Brazilian Petroleum and Gas Institute, a nonprofit 
organization in Brazil, formed by major oil and gas producers in Brazil and petroleum products service 
companies.  From January 2019 to November 2019, Ms. Pinho served as Undersecretary of Energy, 
Petroleum and Gas at Rio de Janeiro State.  From 2012 to 2015, she served as Executive Manager of E&P 
Services and Logistics for Petrobras.  We believe Ms. Pinho’s qualifications to sit on the Board of 
Directors include her extensive experience in the oil and gas industry in Brazil and her extensive 

20 

 
experience in ESG matters.  Ms. Pinho received an ESG Competent Boards Certificate in 2021 and is a 
graduate of the Columbia Senior Executive Program at the Columbia Business School and also received a 
Digital Strategy for Business degree from the Columbia Business School in 2018.  She has also received 
an MBA CoppeAd UFRJ; Senior Strategic Management, MBA Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Business and 
Strategic Management and a Mechanical Engineering degree from the Universidade Federal do Rio de 
Janeiro. 

Konstantin von Falkenhausen has been a director of NTIC since November 2012.  Mr. von Falkenhausen 
is currently a Partner of B Capital Partners AG, an independent investment advisory boutique focused on 
infrastructure, public private partnerships and clean energy.  In this capacity, since April 2018, Mr. von 
Falkenhausen has been a Director of the general partner of the B Capital Energy Transition Infrastructure 
Fund SICAV-SIF, an investment fund registered with the Luxembourg financial authorities CSSF.  From 
February 2004 to March 2008, Mr. von Falkenhausen served as a Partner of capiton AG, a private equity 
firm located in Berlin, Germany.  From March 2003 to February 2004, he served as interim Chief 
Financial Officer of Neon Products GmbH, a privately held neon lighting company.  From May 1999 to 
February 2003, Mr. von Falkenhausen served as an investment manager of West Private Equity Ltd. and 
an investment director of its German affiliate West Private Capital GmbH.  Prior to May 1999, Mr. von 
Falkenhausen served in several positions with BankBoston Robertson Stephens International Ltd., an 
investment banking firm.  Mr. von Falkenhausen is a citizen of Germany.  He has a Master’s degree in 
economics (lic. oec) from the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) and a Masters of Business 
Administration from the University of Chicago.  We believe Mr. von Falkenhausen’s qualifications to sit 
on the Board of Directors include his experience with several private investment and equity firms that 
have invested in early stage companies, which the Board believes is helpful in assessing and operating 
NTIC’s newer businesses, and his financial expertise, which the Board believes is helpful in analyzing 
NTIC’s financial performance. 

Board Recommendation 

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends a vote FOR the election of all of the eight nominees 
named above. 

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote FOR Each Nominee for Director   

21 

 
 
 
PROPOSAL TWO—ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

________________ 

Introduction 

The Board of Directors is providing stockholders with an advisory vote on executive compensation 
pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Consumer Protection Act and Section 14A of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).  This advisory vote, commonly known as a 
“say-on-pay” vote, is a non-binding vote on the compensation paid to our named executive officers as set 
forth in the “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement beginning on page 48.  At the 2022 
Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on January 21, 2022, approximately 99% of the votes cast by our 
stockholders were in favor of our say-on-pay vote.  The Compensation Committee generally believes that 
such results affirmed stockholder support of our approach to executive compensation. 

Our executive compensation program is generally designed to attract, retain, motivate and reward highly 
qualified and talented executive officers.  The underlying core principles of our executive compensation 
program are:   

•  To align the interests of our executives with those of our stockholders; 

• 

Integrate compensation with our business plans and strategic goals; 

•  Link amount of compensation to both company and individual performance goals; and 

•  Provide fair and competitive compensation opportunities that attract and retain executives.  

The “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement, which begins on page 48, describes our 
executive compensation program and the executive compensation decisions made by the Compensation 
Committee and Board of Directors for fiscal 2022 in more detail.  Important considerations include:  

•  A significant portion of the compensation paid or awarded to our named executive officers in 
fiscal 2022 was “performance-based” or “at-risk” compensation that is tied directly to the 
achievement of financial and other performance goals or long-term stock price performance.  

•  Equity-based compensation granted to our named executive officers is in the form of stock 

options and aligns the long-term interests of our executives with the long-term interests of our 
stockholders. In response to a concern raised by one of our stockholders, stock options 
granted to our executives now vest annually over a three-year period as opposed to a one-year 
period. 

•  Our executive officers receive only modest perquisites and have modest severance and 

change-in-control arrangements. 

•  We have adopted a clawback policy. 

•  We do not provide any tax “gross-up” payments.  

22 

 
Accordingly, the Board of Directors recommends that our stockholders vote in favor of the say-on-pay 
vote as set forth in the following resolution:  

RESOLVED, that our stockholders approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to our 

named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement.  

Stockholders are not ultimately voting to approve or disapprove the recommendation of the Board of 
Directors.  As this is an advisory vote, the outcome of the vote is not binding on us with respect to future 
executive compensation decisions, including those relating to our named executive officers, or otherwise.  
The Compensation Committee and Board of Directors expect to take into account the outcome of this 
advisory vote when considering future executive compensation decisions.  

In accordance with the result of the advisory vote on the frequency of the say-on-pay vote, which was 
conducted at our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the Board of Directors has determined that we 
will conduct an executive compensation advisory vote on an annual basis.  Accordingly, after this Annual 
Meeting, the next say-on-pay vote will occur at our next Annual Meeting of Stockholders anticipated to 
be held in January 2024.  We anticipate that the next say-on-frequency vote will occur at our 2026 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders.  

Board Recommendation 

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends a vote FOR approval, on an advisory basis, of the 
compensation paid to our named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement. 

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote FOR Proposal Two 

 

23 

 
 
 
PROPOSAL THREE—RATIFICATION OF SELECTION OF 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 
_________________ 

Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors selects our independent registered public accounting firm.  
In this regard, the Audit Committee evaluates the qualifications, performance and independence of our 
independent registered public accounting firm and determines whether to re-engage our current 
independent registered public accounting firm.  As part of its evaluation, the Audit Committee considers, 
among other factors, the quality and efficiency of the services provided by the firm, including the 
performance, technical expertise, and industry knowledge of the lead audit partner and the audit team 
assigned to our account; the overall strength and reputation of the firm; its global capabilities relative to 
our business; and its knowledge of our operations.  Additionally, the Audit Committee considers the 
impact of a change of independent registered public accounting firm.  Upon consideration of these and 
other factors, the Audit Committee believes the selection of Baker Tilly US, LLP (“Baker Tilly”) as our 
independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending August 31, 2023 is in the best 
interests of NTIC and its stockholders.  Baker Tilly has served as our independent registered public 
accounting firm since 2004. 

Although it is not required to do so, the Board of Directors is asking our stockholders to ratify the Audit 
Committee’s selection of Baker Tilly as a matter of good corporate governance.  If our stockholders do 
not ratify the selection of Baker Tilly, another independent registered public accounting firm will be 
considered by the Audit Committee.  Even if the selection is ratified by our stockholders, the Audit 
Committee in its discretion may change the appointment at any time during the year, if it determines that 
such a change would be in the best interests of NTIC and our stockholders.   

Representatives of Baker Tilly will be present at the Annual Meeting to respond to appropriate questions.  
They also will have the opportunity to make a statement if they wish to do so. 

Audit, Audit-Related, Tax and Other Fees 

The following table presents the aggregate fees billed to us by Baker Tilly for the fiscal years ended 
August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021. 

Audit Fees(1) .........................................................  
Audit-Related Fees(2) ............................................  
Tax Fees ...............................................................  
All Other Fees ......................................................  

Aggregate Amount Billed by 
Baker Tilly ($) 

Fiscal 2022 
$ 

507,663    
—  
—  
—  

Fiscal 2021 
$ 

415,288     
6,000 
—  
—  

(1) 

These fees consisted of the audit of our annual financial statements by year, review of financial statements 
included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other services normally provided in connection with 
statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. 

(2) 

Audit-related fees represent fees for services relating to registration statement filings. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures 

All services rendered by Baker Tilly to NTIC were permissible under applicable laws and regulations and 
all services provided to NTIC, other than de minimis non-audit services allowed under applicable law, 
were approved in advance by the Audit Committee.  The Audit Committee has not adopted any formal 
pre-approval policies and procedures. 

Board Recommendation 

The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that stockholders vote FOR ratification of the selection 
of Baker Tilly as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending August 31, 
2023. 

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote FOR Proposal Three   

25 

 
 
 
 
PROPOSAL FOUR—APPROVAL OF AMENDMENT TO OUR RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF 
INCORPORATION  
_________________ 

Background 

The State of Delaware, which is NTIC’s state of incorporation, recently enacted legislation that enables 
Delaware companies to limit the liability of certain officers in limited circumstances under Section 
102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”). Amended DGCL Section 102(b)(7) only 
permits exculpation for direct claims brought by stockholders for breach of an officer’s fiduciary duty of 
care, including class actions, but does not eliminate officers’ monetary liability for breach of fiduciary 
duty claims brought by the corporation itself or for derivative claims brought by stockholders in the name 
of the corporation.  Furthermore, the limitation on liability does not apply to breaches of the duty of 
loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation 
of law, or any transaction in which the officer derived an improper personal benefit. 

The Board of Directors believes it is important to provide protection from certain liabilities and expenses 
that may discourage prospective or current directors from accepting or continuing membership on 
corporate boards and prospective or current officers from serving corporations. In the absence of such 
protection, qualified directors and officers might be deterred from serving as directors or officers due to 
exposure to personal liability and the risk that substantial expense will be incurred in defending lawsuits, 
regardless of merit. In particular, the Board of Directors took into account the narrow class and type of 
claims that such officers would be exculpated from liability pursuant to amended DGCL Section 
102(b)(7), the limited number of NTIC officers that would be impacted, and the benefits the Board of 
Directors believes would accrue to NTIC by providing exculpation in accordance with DGCL Section 
102(b)(7), including, without limitation, the ability to attract and retain key officers and the potential to 
reduce litigation costs associated with frivolous lawsuits. 

The Board of Directors balanced these considerations with  our  corporate  governance  guidelines  and 
practices and  determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of NTIC and our stockholders to 
amend the  current exculpation and liability  provisions  in  Article  IX  of our  Restated  Certificate of 
Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), to adopt amended DGCL Section 
102(b)(7) and extend exculpation protection to our officers in addition to our directors.  We refer to this 
proposed amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation as the “Charter Amendment” in this proxy 
statement. 

Text of Proposed Charter Amendment 

Our Certificate of Incorporation currently provides for the exculpation of directors, but does not include a 
provision that allows for the exculpation of officers. To ensure NTIC is able to attract and retain key 
officers and in an effort to reduce litigation costs associated with frivolous lawsuits, we propose to amend 
Article IX of our Certification of Incorporation so that it would state in its entirety as follows:  

“No director or officer of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its 
stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty by such a director or officer 
as a director or officer, respectively, except to the extent provided by applicable law (i) for any 
breach of the director’s or officer’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for 
acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing 
violation of law, (iii) pursuant to Section 174 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in the 
case of directors only, (iv) for any transaction from which such director or officer derived an 
improper personal benefit, or (v) for any action by or in the right of the Corporation, in the case 

26 

 
of officers only.  If the General Corporation Law of Delaware is amended to authorize corporate 
action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a 
director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the 
General Corporation Law of Delaware as so amended.  No amendment to or repeal of this Article 
IX shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the 
Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to such 
amendment or repeal.” 

The proposed Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation (referred to in this 
Proposal 4 as the “Certificate of Amendment”) reflecting the foregoing Charter Amendment is attached as 
Appendix A to this proxy statement. 

Reasons for the Proposed Charter Amendment 

The Board of Directors believes it is appropriate for public companies in states that allow exculpation of 
officers to have exculpation clauses in their certificates of incorporation.  The nature of the role of 
directors and officers often requires them to make decisions on crucial matters.  Frequently, directors and 
officers must make decisions in response to time-sensitive opportunities and challenges, which can create 
substantial risk of investigations, claims, actions, suits or proceedings seeking to impose liability on the 
basis of hindsight, especially in the current litigious environment and regardless of merit. Limiting 
concern about personal risk would empower both directors and officers to best exercise their business 
judgment in furtherance of stockholder interests.  We expect our peers to adopt exculpation clauses that 
limit the personal liability of officers in their certificates of incorporation, and failing to adopt the 
proposed Charter Amendment could impact our recruitment and retention of exceptional officer 
candidates that conclude that the potential exposure to liabilities, costs of defense and other risks of 
proceedings exceeds the benefits of serving as an officer of NTIC.  

For the reasons stated above, on November 11, 2022, the Board of Directors determined that the proposed 
Charter Amendment is advisable and in the best interest of our Company and our stockholders and 
authorized and approved the proposed Charter Amendment and directed that it be considered at the 
Annual Meeting.  The Board of Directors believes the proposed Charter Amendment would better 
position NTIC to attract top officer candidates and retain our current officers and enable the officers to 
exercise their business judgment in furtherance of the interests of the stockholders without the potential 
for distraction posed by the risk of personal liability.  Additionally, it would align the protections for our 
officers with those protections currently afforded to our directors. 

The proposed Charter Amendment is not being proposed in response to any specific resignation, threat of 
resignation or refusal to serve by any officer. 

Timing and Effect of the Charter Amendment 

If the proposed Charter Amendment is approved by our stockholders, it will become effective 
immediately upon the filing of the Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of 
Delaware, which we expect to file promptly after the Annual Meeting.  Other than the replacement of the 
existing Article IX by the proposed Article IX, the remainder of our Certificate of Incorporation will 
remain unchanged after effectiveness of the Charter Amendment.  If the proposed Charter Amendment is 
not approved by our stockholders, our Restated Certificate of Incorporation will remain unchanged. In 
accordance with the DGCL, the Board of Directors may elect to abandon the proposed Charter 
Amendment without further action by the stockholders at any time prior to the effectiveness of the filing 
of the Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, notwithstanding 
stockholder approval of the proposed Charter Amendment. 

27 

 
 
 
 
Board Recommendation 

The  Board  of  Directors  unanimously  recommends  a  vote  FOR  the  approval  and  adoption  of  the 
proposed Charter Amendment.  

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote FOR Proposal Four 

 

28 

 
 
 
 
STOCK OWNERSHIP 
________________ 

Beneficial Ownership of Significant Stockholders and Management 

The following table sets forth information known to us with respect to the beneficial ownership of our 
common stock as of November 22, 2022, the record date for the Annual Meeting, for: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

each person known by us to beneficially own more than five percent of the outstanding shares 
of our common stock;  
each of our directors and director nominees;  
each of the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table included later in 
this proxy statement under “Executive Compensation”; and  
all of our current directors, director nominees, and executive officers as a group. 

The number of shares beneficially owned by a person includes shares subject to options held by that 
person that are currently exercisable or that become exercisable within 60 days of November 22, 2022.  
Percentage calculations assume, for each person and group, that all shares that may be acquired by such 
person or group pursuant to options currently exercisable or that become exercisable within 60 days of 
November 22, 2022 are outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of common stock owned 
by such person or group.  However, such unissued shares of common stock described above are not 
deemed to be outstanding for calculating the percentage of common stock owned by any other person. 

Except as otherwise indicated, the persons in the table below have sole voting and investment power with 
respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by them, subject to community 
property laws where applicable and subject to the information contained in the notes to the table.   

Title of Class 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) 

Directors, Director Nominees, and Officers: 
Common Stock  Nancy E. Calderon 
Common Stock  Sarah E. Kemp 
Common Stock  Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
Common Stock  G. Patrick Lynch(3) 
Common Stock  Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
Common Stock  Richard J. Nigon 
Common Stock  Cristina Pinho 
Common Stock  Konstantin von Falkenhausen 
Common Stock  Matthew C. Wolsfeld 
Common Stock  All directors, director nominees, and executive 

Amount and 
Nature of 
Beneficial 
Ownership(2) 

Percent of 
Class 

33,312 
33,263 
8,000 
1,511,986 
119,168 
138,802 
— 
87,368 
307,957 

* 
* 
* 
15.8% 
1.3% 
1.5% 
* 
* 
3.2% 

officers as a group (9 persons)(4) 

2,239,856 

22.4% 

Significant Beneficial Owners: 
Common Stock 

Inter Alia Holding Company(5) 
23205 Mercantile Road 
Beachwood, Ohio 44122 

1,203,334 

12.8% 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Title of Class 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) 

Amount and 
Nature of 
Beneficial 
Ownership(2) 

Percent of 
Class 

Common Stock  Punch & Associates Investment Management, Inc.(6) 

511,227 

5.5% 

7701 France Avenue South 
Suite 300 
Edina, Minnesota  55435 

__________________________ 
*  Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent. 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

(6) 

The business address for each of the directors, director nominees, and officers of NTIC is c/o Northern 
Technologies International Corporation, 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014. 

Includes for the persons listed below the following shares of common stock subject to options held by such 
persons that are currently exercisable or become exercisable within 60 days of November 22, 2022: 

Name 
Directors and Director Nominees 
Nancy E. Calderon .........................................................................    
Sarah E. Kemp ...............................................................................    
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D.  .......................................................................    
G. Patrick Lynch ...................................................................................  
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D..........................................................................  
Richard J. Nigon ...................................................................................  
Cristina Pinho........................................................................................  
Konstantin von Falkenhausen ...............................................................  
Named Executive Officers 
G. Patrick Lynch ......................................................................................
Matthew C. Wolsfeld ...............................................................................
All current directors, director nominees, and executive officers as a 
group (9 persons)  ....................................................................................

Shares of Common Stock 
Underlying  
Stock Options 

  31,251 
  31,251 
8,000 
211,369 
12,405 
108,202 
— 
80,168 

211,369 
156,230 

638,876 

Includes 1,203,334 shares held by Inter Alia Holding Company.  See note (5) below.   

The amount beneficially owned by all current directors, director nominees, and executive officers as a 
group includes 1,203,334 shares held of record by Inter Alia Holding Company.  See notes (3) above and 
(5) below. 

According to a Schedule 13D/A filed with the SEC on October 22, 2019, Inter Alia Holding Company is an 
entity of which G. Patrick Lynch, our President and Chief Executive Officer, is a 47% stockholder.  
G. Patrick Lynch shares equal voting and dispositive power over such shares with two other members of 
his family.  Inter Alia Holding Company’s address is 23205 Mercantile Road, Beachwood, Ohio 44122. 

According to a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022 and a 13F-HR filing on August 15, 
2022, Punch & Associates Investment Management, Inc. (“Punch & Associates”) has sole voting and 
dispositive power over 511,227 shares.  Punch & Associate’s address is 7701 France Avenue South, Suite 
300, Edina, Minnesota  55435. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
Stock Ownership Guidelines 

In November 2021, we adopted stock ownership guidelines that are intended to further align the interests 
of our executive officers and directors with those of our stockholders.  The stock ownership guidelines for 
our executive officers and directors are as follows: 

Position 

Non-Employee Director 
Chief Executive Officer 
Other Executive Officers 

Guideline 
3x annual cash retainer 
6x annual base salary 
3x annual base salary 

Each executive officer and director has five years from the institution of these guidelines and, thereafter, 
from the date of appointment or hire or, if the ownership multiple has increased during his tenure, five 
years from the date established in connection with such increase to reach his or her ownership targets. 
Both our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are in compliance with these guidelines. 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans 

The following table summarizes outstanding options and other awards under NTIC’s equity compensation 
plans as of August 31, 2022.  NTIC’s equity compensation plans as of August 31, 2022 were the Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan, the Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, and the 
Northern Technologies International Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.  Except for automatic 
annual grants of $50,000 in options to purchase shares of NTIC common stock to NTIC’s directors in 
consideration for their services as directors of NTIC and an automatic annual grant of $10,000 in options 
to purchase shares of NTIC common stock to NTIC’s Chairman of the Board in consideration for his 
services as Chairman, in each case on the first day of each fiscal year, and automatic initial pro rata grants 
of $50,000 in options to purchase shares of NTIC common stock to NTIC’s new directors in 
consideration for their services as directors of NTIC on the first date of their appointment as directors, 
options and other awards granted in the future under the Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan are within the discretion of the Board of Directors and 
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and, therefore, cannot be ascertained at this time.  
No future grants of options or other stock awards will be made under the Northern Technologies 
International Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. 

(a) 
Number of Securities to 
be Issued Upon Exercise 
of Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights 

(b) 
Weighted-Average 
Exercise Price of 
Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights 

(c) 
Number of Securities 
Remaining Available 
for Future Issuance 
Under Equity 
Compensation Plans 
(excluding securities 
reflected in column (a)) 

1,366,395(1)(2) 

$10.78 

773,736(3) 

— 
1,366,395(1)(2) 

— 
$10.78 

— 
773,736(3) 

Plan Category 
Equity compensation plans 
approved by security holders 

Equity compensation plans not 
approved by security holders 

Total 
__________________________ 
(1) 

Amount includes 526,437 shares of NTIC common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options 
outstanding as of August 31, 2022 under the Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2) 

(3) 

and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and 839,958 shares of NTIC common stock issuable upon the 
exercise of stock options outstanding as of August 31, 2022 under the Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan. 

Excludes employee stock purchase rights accruing under the Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.  Under such plan, each eligible employee may purchase up to 
2,000 shares of NTIC common stock at semi-annual intervals on February 28th or 29th (as the case may be) 
and August 31st each year at a purchase price per share equal to 90% of the lower of (i) the closing sales 
price per share of NTIC common stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) the closing sales price 
per share of NTIC common stock on the last day of the offering period. 

Amount includes 704,516 shares available as of August 31, 2022 for future issuance under Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan and 69,220 
shares available at August 31, 2022 for future issuance under the Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.   

32 

 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
________________ 

Corporate Governance Guidelines 

The Board of Directors has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines.  A copy of these Corporate 
Governance Guidelines can be found on the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of our 
corporate website www.ntic.com.  Among the topics addressed in our Corporate Governance Guidelines 
are: 

•  Board size, composition and qualifications 
•  Selection of directors 
•  New director orientation 
•  Board leadership 
•  CEO succession planning 
•  Board committees 
•  Board and committee meetings 
•  Executive sessions of independent directors 
•  Meeting attendance by directors and non-

directors 

•  Appropriate information and access 
•  Ability to retain advisors 
•  Conflicts of interest and director independence 
•  Board interaction with corporate constituencies 
•  Retirement and term limits 
•  Retirement and resignation policy 
•  Stock ownership guidelines 

Board Leadership Structure 

•  Procedures for directors who receive less than a 

majority vote 

•  Change of principal occupation and board 

memberships and limits on board memberships 
held 

•  Board compensation 
•  Stock ownership by directors and executive 

officers 

•  Loans to directors and executive officers 
•  CEO evaluation 
•  Board and committee evaluation 
•  Director continuing education 
•  Succession planning 
•  Related person transactions 
•  Communications with directors 
•  Duty of loyalty and confidentiality 

Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, the office of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive 
Officer may or may not be held by one person.  The Board of Directors believes it is best not to have a 
fixed policy on this issue and that it should be free to make this determination based on what it believes is 
best under the circumstances.  However, the Board of Directors strongly endorses the concept of an 
independent director being in a position of leadership.  Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, if at 
any time the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board positions are held by the same person, 
the Board of Directors will elect an independent director as a lead independent director.   

G. Patrick Lynch currently serves as our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Richard J. Nigon 
serves as our non-executive Chairman of the Board.  Because the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman 
of the Board positions currently are not held by the same person, we do not have a lead independent 
director.  We currently believe this leadership structure is in the best interests of NTIC and our 
stockholders and strikes the appropriate balance between the Chief Executive Officer’s responsibility for 
the strategic direction, day-to-day-leadership and performance of NTIC and the Chairman’s responsibility 
to provide oversight of NTIC’s corporate governance and guidance to our Chief Executive Officer and to 
set the agenda for and preside over Board of Directors meetings. 

33 

 
At each regular Board of Directors meeting, our independent directors meet in executive session with no 
company management present during a portion of the meeting.  After each such executive session, our 
Chairman of the Board provides our Chief Executive Officer with any actionable feedback from our 
independent directors. 

Director Independence 

The Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that five of NTIC’s current seven directors are 
“independent directors” under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market:  Nancy E. Calderon, Sarah 
E. Kemp, Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D., Richard J. Nigon and Konstantin von Falkenhausen.  The Board of 
Directors also has affirmatively determined that our new director nominee, Cristina Pinho, would also be 
an “independent director” if elected as a director of NTIC. 

In making these affirmative determinations that such individuals are “independent,” the Board of 
Directors reviewed and discussed information provided by the directors and the new director nominee and 
by NTIC with regard to each director’s and new director nominee’s business and personal activities as 
they may relate to NTIC and NTIC’s management.   

Board Meetings and Attendance 

The Board of Directors met three times during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022.  Each of our current 
directors attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the total number of meetings of the Board and the total 
number of meetings held by all Board committees on which the director served.  

Board Committees  

The Board of Directors has a standing Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and 
Corporate Governance Committee, each of which has the composition and responsibilities described 
below.  The Board of Directors, from time to time, may establish other committees to facilitate the 
management of NTIC and may change the composition and responsibilities of our existing committees.  
Each of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance 
Committee operates under a written charter adopted by the Board of Directors, which can be found on the 
“Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of our corporate website www.ntic.com.   

The following table summarizes the current membership of each of our three Board committees.   

Director 
Nancy E. Calderon 
Sarah E. Kemp 
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
G. Patrick Lynch 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 
Richard J. Nigon  
Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Audit 
Chair 
— 
— 
— 
— 
√ 
√ 

Compensation 
— 
— 
√ 
— 
— 
√ 
Chair 

Nominating and  
Corporate Governance  
√ 
Chair 
— 
— 
— 
√ 
— 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee 

Responsibilities.  The Audit Committee provides assistance to the Board of Directors in fulfilling its 
responsibilities for oversight, for quality and integrity of the accounting, auditing, reporting practices, 
systems of internal accounting and financial controls, the annual independent audit of our financial 
statements, and the legal compliance and ethics programs of NTIC as established by management.  The 
Audit Committee’s primary responsibilities include: 

•  overseeing our financial reporting process, internal control over financial reporting and 

disclosure controls and procedures on behalf of the Board of Directors; 

•  having sole authority to appoint, retain and oversee the work of our independent registered 

public accounting firm and establish the compensation to be paid to the firm; 

• 

• 

reviewing and pre-approving all audit services and permissible non-audit services to be 
provided to NTIC by our independent registered public accounting firm; 

establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints regarding 
accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and for the confidential, 
anonymous submission by our employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or 
auditing matters;  

•  overseeing the establishment and administration of (including the grant of any waiver from) a 
written code of ethics applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, 
principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions;  

• 

• 

receiving periodic updates from senior management on NTIC’s policies, processes, 
procedures and any significant developments related to the identification, mitigation and 
remediation of cybersecurity risks; and 

coordinating with the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in that committee’s 
primary oversight over NTIC’s ESG activities. 

The Audit Committee has the authority to engage the services of outside experts and advisors as it deems 
necessary or appropriate to carry out its duties and responsibilities. 

Composition.  The current members of the Audit Committee are Ms. Calderon, Mr. Nigon, and Mr. von 
Falkenhausen.  Mr. Nigon served as chair of the Audit Committee during the first portion of fiscal 2022. 
Ms. Calderon assumed the role of Audit Committee chair immediately after the filing of NTIC’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021.  

Each member of the Audit Committee who served during fiscal 2022 is considered “independent” for 
purposes of membership on audit committees pursuant to the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market 
and the rules and regulations of the SEC and is “financially literate” as required by the Listing Rules of 
the Nasdaq Stock Market.  In addition, the Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Calderon and 
Mr. Nigon qualify as “audit committee financial experts” as defined by the rules and regulations of the 
SEC and meet the qualifications of “financial sophistication” under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock 
Market as a result of their extensive financial backgrounds and various financial positions they have held 
throughout their respective careers.  Stockholders should understand that these designations related to our 
Audit Committee members’ experience and understanding with respect to certain accounting and auditing 
matters do not impose upon any of them any duties, obligations or liabilities that are greater than those 
generally imposed on a member of the Audit Committee or of the Board of Directors. 

35 

 
Meetings.  The Audit Committee met four times during fiscal 2022 and once in executive session with 
Baker Tilly, our independent registered public accounting firm.   

Audit Committee Report.  This report is furnished by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors with 
respect to NTIC’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022. 

One of the purposes of the Audit Committee is to oversee NTIC’s accounting and financial reporting 
processes and the audit of NTIC’s annual financial statements.  NTIC’s management is responsible for the 
preparation and presentation of complete and accurate financial statements.  NTIC’s independent 
registered public accounting firm, Baker Tilly US, LLP, is responsible for performing an independent 
audit of NTIC’s financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States) and for issuing a report on their audit. 

In performing its oversight role, the Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed NTIC’s audited 
financial statements for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 with NTIC’s management.  Management 
represented to the Audit Committee that NTIC’s financial statements were prepared in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles.  The Audit Committee has discussed with Baker Tilly US, LLP, 
NTIC’s independent registered public accounting firm, the matters required to be discussed under Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board standards.  The Audit Committee has received the written 
disclosures and the letter from Baker Tilly US, LLP required by applicable requirements of the Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding Baker Tilly US, LLP’s communications with the Audit 
Committee concerning independence.  The Audit Committee has discussed with Baker Tilly US, LLP its 
independence and concluded that the independent registered public accounting firm is independent from 
NTIC and NTIC’s management. 

Based on the review and discussions of the Audit Committee described above, in reliance on the 
unqualified opinion of Baker Tilly US, LLP regarding NTIC’s audited financial statements, and subject to 
the limitations on the role and responsibilities of the Audit Committee discussed above and in the Audit 
Committee’s charter, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that NTIC’s audited 
financial statements for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 be included in its Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

This report is dated as of November 10, 2022. 

Audit Committee 

Nancy E. Calderon, Chair 
Richard J. Nigon 
Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Other Information.  Additional information regarding the Audit Committee and our independent 
registered public accounting firm is disclosed under the “Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” section of this proxy statement. 

36 

 
Compensation Committee 

Responsibilities.  The Compensation Committee provides assistance to the Board of Directors in fulfilling 
its oversight responsibility relating to compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and other executive 
officers and administers our equity compensation plans.  The Compensation Committee’s primary 
responsibilities include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

recommending to the Board of Directors for its determination the annual salaries, incentive 
compensation, long-term compensation and any and all other compensation applicable to our 
executive officers;  

establishing and, from time to time, reviewing and revising corporate goals and objectives 
with respect to compensation for our executive officers and establishing and leading a process 
for the full Board of Directors to evaluate the performance of our executive officers in light 
of those goals and objectives;  

administering our equity compensation plans and recommending to the Board of Directors for 
its determination grants of options or other equity-based awards for executive officers, 
employees and independent consultants under our equity compensation plans;  

reviewing our policies with respect to employee benefit plans;  

establishing and, from time to time, reviewing and revising processes and procedures for the 
consideration and determination of executive compensation;  

•  overseeing and periodically reviewing NTIC’s culture and policies and strategies related to 

human capital management; and  

• 

coordinating with the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in that committee’s 
primary oversight over NTIC’s ESG activities. 

The Compensation Committee has the authority to engage the services of outside experts and advisors as 
it deems necessary or appropriate to carry out its duties and responsibilities, and prior to doing so, 
assesses the independence of such experts and advisors from management. 

Composition.  The current members of the Compensation Committee are Dr. Lee, Mr. Nigon and Mr. von 
Falkenhausen.  Mr. von Falkenhausen is the current Chair of the Compensation Committee.   

The Board of Directors has determined that each of the members of the Compensation Committee who 
served during fiscal 2022 is considered an “independent director” under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq 
Stock Market, a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, and 
otherwise independent under the rules and regulations of the SEC.   

Processes and Procedures for Consideration and Determination of Executive Compensation.  As 
described in more detail above under “—Responsibilities,” the Board of Directors has delegated to the 
Compensation Committee the responsibility, among other things, to recommend to the Board of Directors 
any and all compensation payable to our executive officers, including annual salaries, incentive 
compensation and long-term incentive compensation, and to administer our equity and incentive 
compensation plans applicable to our executive officers.  Decisions regarding executive compensation 
made by the Compensation Committee are not considered final and are subject to final review and 
approval by the entire Board of Directors.  Under the terms of its formal written charter, the 
Compensation Committee has the power and authority, to the extent permitted by our Bylaws and 
applicable law, to delegate all or a portion of its duties and responsibilities to a subcommittee of the 

37 

 
Compensation Committee.  The Compensation Committee has not generally delegated any of its duties 
and responsibilities to subcommittees, but rather has taken such actions as a committee, as a whole. 

Our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer assist the Compensation 
Committee in gathering compensation related data regarding our executive officers and making 
recommendations to the Compensation Committee regarding the form and amount of compensation to be 
paid to each executive officer.  In making final recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding 
compensation to be paid to our executive officers, the Compensation Committee considers the 
recommendations of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, but also 
considers other factors, such as its own views as to the form and amount of compensation to be paid, the 
achievement by NTIC of pre-established performance objectives, the general performance of NTIC and 
the individual officers, the performance of NTIC’s stock price and other factors that may be relevant. 

Final deliberations and decisions by the Compensation Committee regarding its recommendations to the 
Board of Directors of the form and amount of compensation to be paid to our executive officers are made 
by the Compensation Committee, without the presence of any executive officer of NTIC.  In making final 
decisions regarding compensation to be paid to our executive officers, the Board of Directors considers 
the same factors and gives considerable weight to the recommendations of the Compensation Committee. 

Meetings.  The Compensation Committee met twice during fiscal 2022. 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

Responsibilities.  The primary responsibilities of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
include: 

• 

• 

identifying individuals qualified to become members of the Board of Directors; 

recommending director nominees for each annual meeting of our stockholders and director 
nominees to fill any vacancies that may occur between meetings of stockholders; 

•  making recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding director diversity (which may 
include diversity of age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, skills, professional experience, 
knowledge, backgrounds and viewpoints), retirement age, tenure and refreshment policies; 

•  being aware of best practices in corporate governance matters; 

•  developing and overseeing an annual Board of Directors and Board committee evaluation 

process;  

• 

establishing and leading a process for determination of the compensation applicable to the 
non-employee directors on the Board; 

•  overseeing NTIC’s ESG activities and coordinating with and soliciting input from the 

Compensation Committee and the Audit Committee in formulating the approach to NTIC’s 
ESG activities. 

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has the authority to engage the services of outside 
experts and advisors as it deems necessary or appropriate to carry out its duties and responsibilities. 

Composition.  The current members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are 
Ms. Kemp, Ms. Calderon and Mr. Nigon.  Ms. Kemp is the chair of the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee.  

38 

 
The Board of Directors has determined that each of the members of the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee who served during fiscal 2022 is considered an “independent director” under the 
Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. 

Processes and Procedures for Consideration and Determination of Director Compensation.  As 
mentioned above under “—Responsibilities,” the Board of Directors has delegated to the Nominating and 
Corporate Governance Committee the responsibility, among other things, to review and make 
recommendations to the Board of Directors concerning compensation for non-employee members of the 
Board of Directors, including but not limited to retainers, meeting fees, committee chair and member 
retainers and equity compensation.  Decisions regarding director compensation made by the Nominating 
and Corporate Governance Committee are not considered final and are subject to final review and 
approval by the entire Board of Directors.  Under the terms of its formal written charter, the Nominating 
and Corporate Governance Committee has the power and authority, to the extent permitted by our Bylaws 
and applicable law, to delegate all or a portion of its duties and responsibilities to a subcommittee of the 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance 
Committee has not generally delegated any of its duties and responsibilities to subcommittees, but rather 
has taken such actions as a committee, as a whole.    

In making recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding compensation to be paid to our non-
employee directors, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee considers fees and other 
compensation paid to directors of comparable public companies, the number of board and committee 
meetings that our directors are expected to attend, and other factors that may be relevant.  In making final 
decisions regarding non-employee director compensation, the Board of Directors considers the same 
factors and the recommendation of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. 

Meetings.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee met twice during fiscal 2022.  

Director Nominations Process  

Pursuant to a Director Nominations Process adopted by the Board of Directors, in selecting nominees for 
the Board of Directors, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee first determines whether 
the incumbent directors are qualified to serve, and wish to continue to serve, on the Board.  The 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes that NTIC and its stockholders benefit from 
the continued service of qualified incumbent directors because those directors have familiarity with and 
insight into NTIC’s affairs that they have accumulated during their tenure with NTIC.  Appropriate 
continuity of Board membership also contributes to the Board’s ability to work as a collective body.  
Accordingly, it is the practice of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, in general, to re-
nominate an incumbent director if the director wishes to continue his or her service with the Board, the 
director continues to satisfy the criteria for membership on the Board that the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee generally views as relevant and considers in deciding whether to re-nominate an 
incumbent director or nominate a new director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
believes the director continues to make important contributions to the Board, and there are no special, 
countervailing considerations against re-nomination of the director.   

Pursuant to a Director Nominations Process adopted by the Board of Directors, in identifying and 
evaluating new candidates for election to the Board, the Nominating and Corporate Governance 
Committee solicits recommendations for nominees from persons whom the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee believes are likely to be familiar with qualified candidates having the 
qualifications, skills and characteristics required for Board nominees from time to time.  Such persons 
may include members of the Board of Directors and our senior management and advisors to NTIC.  In 
addition, from time to time, if appropriate, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may 

39 

 
engage a search firm to assist it in identifying and evaluating qualified candidates.  We found our new 
director nominee, Cristina Pinho, through the WomenCorporateDirectors Foundation.  

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews and evaluates each candidate whom it 
believes merits serious consideration, taking into account available information concerning the candidate, 
any qualifications or criteria for Board membership established by the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee, the existing composition of the Board, and other factors that it deems relevant.  
In conducting its review and evaluation, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee solicits 
the views of our management, other Board members, and other individuals it believes may have insight 
into a candidate.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may designate one or more of 
its members and/or other Board members to interview any proposed candidate. 

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will consider recommendations for the 
nomination of directors submitted by our stockholders.  For more information, see the information set 
forth under “Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations for the 2024 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders ─ Director Nominations for 2024 Annual Meeting.”  The Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee will evaluate candidates recommended by stockholders in the same manner as 
those recommended as stated above. 

There are no formal requirements or minimum qualifications that a candidate must meet in order for the 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee to recommend the candidate to the Board.  The 
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes that each nominee should be evaluated based 
on his or her merits as an individual, taking into account the needs of NTIC and the Board of Directors.  
However, in evaluating candidates, there are a number of criteria that the Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee generally views as relevant and is likely to consider.  Some of these factors 
include whether the candidate is an “independent director” under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock 
Market and meets any other applicable independence tests under the federal securities laws and rules and 
regulations of the SEC; whether the candidate is “financially literate” and otherwise meets the 
requirements for serving as a member of an audit committee under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock 
Market; whether the candidate is “financially sophisticated” under the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock 
Market and an “audit committee financial expert” under the federal securities laws and the rules and 
regulations of the SEC; the needs of NTIC with respect to the particular talents and experience of its 
directors; the personal and professional integrity and reputation of the candidate; the candidate’s level of 
education and business experience; the candidate’s broad-based business acumen; the candidate’s level of 
understanding of our business and its industry; the candidate’s ability and willingness to devote adequate 
time to the work of the Board of Directors and its committees; the fit of the candidate’s skills and 
personality with those of other directors and potential directors in building a board that is effective, 
collegial and responsive to the needs of NTIC; whether the candidate possesses strategic thinking and a 
willingness to share ideas; the candidate’s diversity of experiences, expertise, background and other 
attributes; and the candidate’s ability to represent the interests of all stockholders and not a particular 
interest group. 

While we do not have a formal stand-alone diversity policy in considering whether to recommend any 
director nominee, including candidates recommended by stockholders, and the Board of Directors has not 
adopted a formal definition of diversity, the Board’s diversity is a consideration in the director nomination 
process.  As discussed above, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee considers the factors 
described above, including the candidate’s diversity of experiences, expertise, background and other 
attributes.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee seeks nominees with a broad diversity 
of experience, expertise, backgrounds and other attributes, including diversity of age, gender, race, 
ethnicity, education, skills, knowledge, and viewpoints.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance 
Committee does not assign specific weights to particular criteria and no particular criterion is necessarily 

40 

 
applicable to all prospective nominees.  The Board of Directors believes that the backgrounds and 
qualifications of directors, considered as a group, should provide a significant mix of experience, 
knowledge and abilities that will allow the Board of Directors to fulfill its responsibilities. 

For this year’s election, the Board of Directors has nominated eight individuals.  Seven are incumbent 
nominees and one is a new director nominee. Collectively, these nominees bring tremendous diversity to 
the Board. Each nominee is a strategic thinker and has varying, specialized experience in the areas 
relevant to NTIC and its businesses.  Moreover, their collective experience covers a wide range of 
geographies and industries, and roles in academia, corporate governance and government.  The eight 
director nominees range in age from 55 to 74; three of the eight director nominees are women; two are of 
Asian descent; one is of African descent; one is a citizen of Brazil, one is a citizen of the Republic of 
Korea and one is a citizen of Germany. 

Board Diversity Matrix 

The Nasdaq listing requirements require each listed company to have, or explain why it does not have, 
two diverse directors on the board, including at least one diverse director who self-identifies as female 
and one diverse director who self-identifies as an underrepresented minority or LGBTQ+ (subject to the 
exceptions).  Our current Board composition is in compliance with the Nasdaq diversity requirement.  

The table below provides certain highlights of the composition of our board members and nominees.  
Each of the categories listed in the below table has the meaning as it is used in Nasdaq Rule 5605(f). 

Total Number of Directors 

Board Diversity Matrix (As of November 22, 2022) 
7 

Part I: Gender Identity 
Directors 
Part II: Demographic Background 
African American or Black 
Alaskan Native or Native American 
Asian 
Hispanic or Latinx 
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 
White 
Two or More Races or Ethnicities 
LGBTQ+ 
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background 

Board Oversight of Risk  

Female 

Male 

Non-
Binary 

Did Not 
Disclosure 
Gender 

3 

1 
— 
— 
— 
— 
2 
— 

5 

— 
— 
2 
— 
— 
3 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

The Board of Directors as a whole has responsibility for risk oversight, with more in-depth reviews of 
certain areas of risk being conducted by the relevant Board committees that report on their deliberations 
to the full Board of Directors.  The oversight responsibility of the Board and its committees is enabled by 
management reporting processes that are designed to provide information to the Board about the 
identification, assessment and management of critical risks and management’s risk mitigation strategies.  
The areas of risk that we focus on include operational, financial (accounting, credit, liquidity and tax), 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
legal, compensation, competitive, health, safety, environmental, economic, political and reputational 
risks.  

The standing committees of the Board of Directors oversee risks associated with their respective principal 
areas of focus.  The Audit Committee’s role includes a particular focus on the qualitative aspects of 
financial reporting, on our processes for the management of business and financial risk, our financial 
reporting obligations and for compliance with significant applicable legal, ethical and regulatory 
requirements.  The Audit Committee, along with management, is also responsible for developing and 
participating in a process for review of important financial and operating topics that present potential 
significant risk to NTIC.  The Compensation Committee is responsible for overseeing risks and exposures 
associated with our executive compensation programs and arrangements.  The Nominating and Corporate 
Governance Committee oversees risks relating to our corporate governance matters, director 
compensation programs and director succession planning.  

We recognize that a fundamental part of risk management is understanding not only the risks a company 
faces and what steps management is taking to manage those risks, but also understanding what level of 
risk is appropriate for NTIC.  The involvement of the full Board of Directors each year in establishing our 
key corporate business strategies and annual fiscal budget is a key part of the Board of Directors’ 
assessment of management’s appetite for risk and also a determination of what constitutes an appropriate 
level of risk for NTIC.  

We believe our current Board leadership structure is appropriate and helps ensure proper risk oversight 
for NTIC for a number of reasons, including: (1) general risk oversight by the full Board of Directors in 
connection with its role in reviewing our key business strategies and monitoring on an on-going basis the 
implementation of our key business strategies; (2) more detailed oversight by our standing Board 
committees that are currently comprised of and chaired by our independent directors, and (3) the focus of 
our Chairman of the Board on allocating appropriate Board agenda time for discussion regarding the 
implementation of our key business strategies and specifically risk management. 

Code of Ethics 

The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics, which applies to all of our directors, executive 
officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and other employees, and 
meets the requirements of the SEC and the Nasdaq Stock Market.  A copy of our Code of Ethics is 
available on the “Investor Relations—Corporate Governance” section of our corporate website 
www.ntic.com. 

No Political Contributions 

NTIC made no political contributions during fiscal 2022 and intends to make no political contributions in 
the future. 

Policy Regarding Director Attendance at Annual Meetings of Stockholders 

Although a regular Board of Directors meeting is generally held on the day of each annual meeting of 
stockholders, this meeting is typically held by telephone.  It is the policy of the Board of Directors that if 
a regular in-person Board of Directors meeting occurs on the day of the annual meeting of stockholders, 
directors standing for re-election should attend the annual meeting of stockholders, if their schedules 
permit.  Since a telephonic Board meeting was held on the day of last year’s annual meeting of 
stockholders, the only directors who attended the meeting were Mr. Nigon and Mr. Lynch. 

42 

 
Complaint Procedures 

The Audit Committee has established procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints 
received by NTIC regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters, and the 
submission by our employees, on a confidential and anonymous basis, of concerns regarding questionable 
accounting or auditing matters.  Our personnel with such concerns are encouraged to discuss their 
concerns with our outside legal counsel, who in turn will be responsible for informing the Audit 
Committee. 

Stockholder Engagement 

We are committed to a robust and proactive stockholder engagement program.  The Board of Directors 
values the perspectives of our stockholders, and feedback from stockholders on our business, corporate 
governance, executive compensation, and sustainability practices are important considerations for Board 
discussions throughout the year.  Some of the actions we have taken in response to feedback from proxy 
advisory firms and stockholders over the last several years are described below. 

What We Heard 
Encourage Board refreshment 

Increase Board gender diversity 

Increase stockholder influence over 
director elections 

Align long-term incentives 

Increase visibility of ESG principles 

Ensure the recovery of incentive 
compensation based on incorrect 
calculations that resulted in a financial 
restatement or egregious behavior 
Align the interests of executive officers and 
directors with those of stockholders 

What We Did 
We added two new members to the Board of Directors in 
October 2019 and have nominated Cristina Pinho for 
election at the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  
We added Nancy E. Calderon and Sarah E. Kemp to the 
Board of Directors, updated our Nominating and 
Corporate Governance Committee Charter to include 
responsibility for making recommendations to the Board 
of Directors regarding director diversity, and nominated 
Cristina Pinho for election at the 2023 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders. 
In November 2020, we adopted a “plurality plus” vote 
standard for uncontested director elections, with a 
director resignation policy, instead of a simple plurality 
vote standard. 
We extended the vesting of our annual stock option 
grants to three-year vesting in response to a concern 
raised by one of our institutional stockholders.  
We adopted a Health, Safety and Environment Policy as 
well as a Human Rights Policy to formalize our approach 
and further our goals with respect to these matters, as 
described above. We have also added an ESG section to 
our investor relations website to increase visibility. 
We adopted a robust clawback policy which applies to 
not only financial restatements but also if an executive 
engages in egregious conduct that is substantially 
detrimental to NTIC. 
We adopted stock ownership guidelines applicable to our 
executive officers and directors to ensure that their 
interests would be closely aligned with those of our 
stockholders. 

43 

 
 
Process Regarding Stockholder Communications with Board of Directors 

Stockholders may communicate with the Board of Directors or any one particular director by sending 
correspondence, addressed to NTIC’s Corporate Secretary, Northern Technologies International 
Corporation, 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, MN 55014 with an instruction to forward the 
communication to the Board of Directors or one or more particular directors.  NTIC’s Corporate Secretary 
will promptly forward all such stockholder communications to the Board of Directors or the one or more 
particular directors, with the exception of any advertisements, solicitations for periodical or other 
subscriptions and other similar communications. 

44 

 
Summary of Cash and Other Compensation 

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION 
________________ 

The table below provides summary information concerning the compensation of each individual who 
served as a director of NTIC during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022, other than G. Patrick Lynch, 
our President and Chief Executive Officer, who was not compensated separately for serving on the Board 
of Directors during fiscal 2022.  His compensation during fiscal 2022 for serving as an executive officer 
of NTIC is set forth under “Executive Compensation” included elsewhere in this proxy statement.   

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION – FISCAL 2022 

Name 
Nancy E. Calderon .......................   $ 
Sarah E. Kemp .............................    
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. .....................   
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. ...............   
Richard J. Nigon ..........................   
Konstantin von Falkenhausen ......   
_____________________ 
(1) 

Fees Earned or 
Paid in Cash ($)   
43,250 
37,000 
35,000 
31,000 
61,750 
46,500 

Option 
Awards ($)(1)(2)   
 $ 

50,000 
50,000 
0 
50,000 
60,000 
50,000 

All Other 

Compensation ($)(3)    Total ($) 
 $ 

—   $ 
—  
—  
144,000  
—  
—  

93,250  
87,000  
35,000  
225,000  
121,750  
96,500  

The amounts in this column do not reflect compensation actually received by the directors nor do they 
reflect the actual value that will be recognized by the directors.  Instead, the amounts reflect the grant date 
fair value for option grants made by us in fiscal 2022, as calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 
718.   

On September 1, 2021, each then current director, other than Dr. Lee and Mr. Lynch, received a stock 
option to purchase 6,859 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $16.97 per share granted under 
the Northern Technologies International Corporation 2019 Stock Incentive Plan, the material terms of 
which are described in more detail under “Executive Compensation—Stock Incentive Plans.”  These 
options vested in full on September 1, 2022 and will expire on August 31, 2031 or earlier in the case of a 
director whose service as a director is terminated prior to such date.  In addition, on September 1, 2021, 
Mr. Nigon received an additional stock option to purchase 1,371 shares of our common stock in 
consideration for his service as Chairman of the Board.  The terms of this stock option are identical to the 
other director stock options granted on that date.  See “—Non-Employee Director Compensation 
Program—Stock Options.”  The grant date fair value associated with these awards and as calculated in 
accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 is determined based on our Black-Scholes option pricing model.  
The grant date fair value per share for the options granted on September 1, 2021 was $7.29 and was 
determined using the following specific assumptions:  risk free interest rate: 0.77%; expected life: 
10.0 years; expected volatility: 45.4%; and expected dividend yield: 0%. 

(2) 

The table below provides information regarding the aggregate number of options to purchase shares of our 
common stock outstanding at August 31, 2022 and held by each of the directors listed in the Director 
Compensation Table.  Note that because of the grant date, neither the Director Compensation Table nor the 
table below reflect option grants on September 1, 2022.  See “—Non-Employee Director Compensation 
Program—Stock Options.” 

Name 
Nancy E. Calderon ..............  
Sarah E. Kemp ....................  
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. ................  
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. ...........  

Aggregate Number 
Of Securities 
Underlying Options 

31,251 
31,251 
8,000 
12,405 

45 

Exercisable/ 
Unexercisable 
24,392/6,859 
24,392/6,859 
8,000/0 
5,546/6,859 

Exercise 
Price(s) 
$ 8.24 – 16.97 
$ 8.24 – 16.97 
$7.35 
$ 16.97 – 18.23 

Expiration 
Date(s) 
10/21/2029–08/31/2031  
10/21/2029–08/31/2031  

8/31/2023 
08/31/2028 – 8/31/2031 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name 
Richard J. Nigon......................  
Konstantin von Falkenhausen .  

Aggregate Number 
Of Securities 
Underlying Options 

108,202 
80,168 

Exercisable/ 
Unexercisable 
  99,972/8,230 
  73,309/6,859 

Exercise 
Price(s) 
 $ 6.70 – 18.23 
 $ 6.70 – 18.23 

Expiration 
Date(s) 
08/31/2023 – 8/31/2031 
08/31/2023 – 8/31/2031 

(3) 

We do not provide perquisites or other personal benefits to our directors.  The amounts reflected for 
Dr. Narayan reflects consulting fees paid during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 as described in more 
detail below under “—Consulting Agreement.” 

Non-Employee Director Compensation Program 

Overview.  Our non-employee directors for purposes of our director compensation program currently 
consist of Nancy E. Calderon, Sarah E. Kemp, Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D., Ramani Narayan, Ph.D., Richard J. 
Nigon and Konstantin von Falkenhausen.  Our non-employee directors for fiscal 2022 were Nancy E. 
Calderon, Sarah E. Kemp, Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D., Ramani Narayan, Ph.D., Richard J. Nigon and Konstantin 
von Falkenhausen.   

We use a combination of cash and long-term equity-based incentive compensation in the form of annual 
stock option grants to attract and retain qualified candidates to serve on the Board of Directors.  In setting 
non-employee director compensation, we follow the processes and procedures described under 
“Corporate Governance—Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee—Processes and 
Procedures for the Determination of Director Compensation.”   

Cash Retainers and Meeting Fees.  Each of our non-employee directors receives annual cash retainers and 
meeting fees.  The following table sets forth the annual cash retainers paid to our non-employee directors 
during fiscal 2022: 

Description 
Non-employee Board Member .............................................................................
Chairman of the Board ..........................................................................................
Audit Committee Chair .........................................................................................
Audit Committee Member (including Chair) .......................................................
Compensation Committee Chair ...........................................................................
Compensation Committee (including Chair)  .......................................................
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Chair ...................................
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (including Chair) ................

  $ 

Annual Cash 
Retainer 
25,000 
15,000 
   5,000 
   4,500 
   4,000 
   3,000 
   2,000 
   3,000 

Each of our non-employee directors also receives $1,000 for each Board, Board committee and strategy 
review meeting attended.  No director, however, earns more than $1,000 per day in Board, Board 
committee and strategy review meeting fees.   

Stock Options.  Pursuant to our non-employee director compensation program, each non-employee 
director who is expected to stand for re-election at the next annual meeting of stockholders, is 
automatically granted a ten-year non-qualified option to purchase $50,000 in shares of our common stock 
on the first day of each fiscal year in consideration for his or her service as a director of NTIC, and the 
Chairman of the Board is automatically granted an additional ten-year non-qualified option to purchase 
$10,000 in shares of our common stock on the first day of each fiscal year in consideration for his or her 
services as Chairman.  In addition, each new non-employee director is automatically granted a ten-year 
non-qualified option to purchase a pro rata portion of $50,000 shares of our common stock calculated by 
dividing the number of months remaining in the fiscal year at the time of election or appointment by 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
12 on the date the director is first elected or appointed as a director of NTIC.  The number of shares of 
common stock underlying the options is determined based on the grant date fair value of the options.  
Each option becomes exercisable in full on the one-year anniversary of the grant date.  The exercise price 
of such options is equal to the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the grant date.   

Each non-employee director of NTIC as of the first day of fiscal 2022, September 1, 2021, received a 
stock option award pursuant to this program, with the exception of Dr. Lee who rejected his fiscal 2022 
annual option award.  More recently, each current non-employee director of NTIC as of the first day of 
fiscal 2023, September 1, 2023, received a stock option award pursuant to this program.  Dr. Lee received 
this recent option grant.  These stock options will vest in full on the first anniversary of the grant date.  

Under the terms of our stock incentive plan, unless otherwise provided in a separate agreement or 
modified in connection with the termination of a director’s service, if a director’s service with NTIC 
terminates for any reason, the unvested portion of options then held by the director will immediately 
terminate and the director’s right to exercise the then vested portion will: 

• 

• 

• 

immediately terminate if the director’s service relationship with NTIC terminated for 
“cause”; 
continue for a period of 12 months if the director’s service relationship with NTIC terminates 
as a result of the director’s death, disability or retirement; or  
continue for a period of three months if the director’s service relationship with NTIC 
terminates for any reason, other than for cause or upon the director’s death, disability or 
retirement. 

We refer you to note (1) to the “Director Compensation Table” for a summary of all option grants to our 
non-employee directors during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 and note (2) to the “Director 
Compensation Table” for a summary of all options to purchase shares of our common stock held by our 
non-employee directors as of August 31, 2022.   

Reimbursement of Expenses.  All of our directors are reimbursed for travel expenses for attending 
meetings and other miscellaneous out-of-pocket expenses incurred in performing their Board of Directors 
functions. 

Consulting Agreement 

NTIC, Bioplastic Polymers LLC and Dr. Narayan are parties to a consulting agreement, pursuant to which 
Dr. Narayan provides certain consulting services to us relating to our Natur-Tec® business and 
bioplastics program.  The consulting agreement sets out terms for clear separation between Dr. Narayan’s 
work at Michigan State University and any related inventions and his work with us and related inventions.  
In exchange for the consulting services, we pay Dr. Narayan $12,000 per month.  The consulting 
agreement was amended effective January 11, 2022 to extend the initial term by an additional five years, 
and unless earlier terminated by the parties, the consulting agreement terminates on January 11, 2027.  
Either party may terminate the consulting agreement earlier upon 30 days prior written notice.  The 
consulting agreement will terminate automatically upon the death of Dr. Narayan or in the event of his 
disability that prevents him from performing the consulting services under the agreement.  We paid 
consulting fees to Bioplastic Polymers LLC, which is owned by Ramani Narayan, Ph.D., in the aggregate 
amount of $144,000 during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022. 

47 

 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 
________________ 

Compensation Review 

In this Compensation Review, we describe the key principles and approaches we use to determine 
elements of compensation paid to, awarded to and earned by G. Patrick Lynch, who serves as our 
President and Chief Executive Officer (referred to as our “CEO”), and Matthew C. Wolsfeld, who serves 
as our Chief Financial Officer (referred to as our “CFO”).  Their compensation is set forth in the 
Summary Compensation Table found later in this proxy statement.  The CEO and CFO are the only two 
individuals who have been designated by our Board of Directors as “executive officers” of NTIC within 
the meaning of the federal securities laws.  This Compensation Review should be read in conjunction 
with the accompanying compensation tables, corresponding notes and narrative discussion, as they 
provide additional information and context to our compensation disclosures.  We refer to the CEO and 
CFO in this proxy statement as our “named executive officers” or “executives.” 

When reading this Compensation Review, please note that we are a “smaller reporting company” under 
the federal securities laws and are not required to provide a “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” of 
the type required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K.  This Compensation Review is intended to supplement 
the SEC-required disclosure, which is included below this section, and it is not a Compensation 
Discussion and Analysis. 

Executive Summary 

One of our key executive compensation objectives is to link pay to performance by aligning the financial 
interests of our executives with those of our stockholders and by emphasizing pay for performance in our 
compensation programs.  We believe we accomplish this objective primarily through our annual bonus 
plan, which compensates executives for achieving annual corporate financial goals and individual goals.   

Our fiscal 2022 total net sales increased 31.3% to $74,158,890 compared to fiscal 2021 and NTIC 
incurred net income attributable to NTIC of $6,324,700, or $0.66 per diluted common share, for fiscal 
2022 compared to net income attributable to NTIC of $6,281,238, or $0.64 per diluted common share.   

Total compensation for our named executive officers for fiscal 2022 decreased approximately 16% 
compared to fiscal 2021 as a result of decreased annual bonus plan payouts. 

Compensation Highlights and Best Practices 

Our compensation practices include many best pay practices that support our executive compensation 
objectives and principles and benefit our stockholders, such as the following: 

•  Pay for performance.  We tie compensation directly to financial performance.  Our annual 
bonus plan pays out only if a certain minimum adjusted earnings threshold is met, and the 
payouts are completely dependent upon our actual adjusted earnings.   

•  At-risk pay.  A significant portion of executives’ compensation is “performance-based” or “at 
risk.”  For fiscal 2022, approximately 45% of total compensation for our named executive 
officers was performance-based, assuming grant date fair values for equity awards. 

•  Equity-based pay.  A significant portion of executives’ compensation is “equity-based” and in 

the form of stock-based incentive awards.  For fiscal 2022, approximately 27% of total 

48 

 
compensation for our named executive officers was equity-based, assuming grant date fair 
values for equity awards. 

•  Clawback policy.  Our stock incentive plan and related award agreements include a 

“clawback” mechanism to recoup incentive compensation if it is determined that executives 
engaged in certain conduct adverse to our interests.  In addition, in August 2018, we adopted 
a clawback policy pursuant to which we may recover certain incentive compensation from 
current or former executive officers in the event a financial metric used to determine the 
vesting or payment of incentive compensation to an executive was calculated incorrectly or 
the executive engaged in egregious conduct that is substantially detrimental to NTIC. 

•  No tax gross-ups.  We do not provide any tax “gross-up” payments in connection with any 

compensation, benefits or perquisites provided to our executives. 

•  Limited perquisites.  We provide only limited perquisites to our executives. 

•  Stock ownership guidelines.  We maintain stock ownership guidelines that allow us to ensure 
that the interests of our executive officers are closely aligned with those of our stockholders. 

•  No hedging or pledging.  We prohibit our executives from engaging in hedging transactions, 
such as short sales, transactions in publicly traded options, such as puts, calls and other 
derivatives, and pledging our common stock in any significant respect. 

Say-on-Pay Vote 

At our 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, our stockholders had the opportunity to provide an 
advisory vote on the compensation paid to our named executive officers, or a “say-on-pay” vote.  Of the 
votes cast by our stockholders, approximately 99% were in favor of our “say-on-pay” proposal.  
Accordingly, the Compensation Committee generally believes that these results affirmed stockholder 
support of our approach to executive compensation and did not believe it was necessary to make, and 
therefore has not made, any changes to our executive pay program solely in response to that vote.  In 
accordance with the result of the advisory vote on the frequency of the say-on-pay vote, which was 
conducted at our 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, our Board of Directors has determined that we 
will conduct an executive compensation advisory vote every year.  Accordingly, the next say-on-pay vote 
will occur at our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  Our next vote on the frequency of the say-on-
pay vote will occur at our 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

Executive Compensation Objectives 

Our guiding compensation philosophy is to maintain an executive compensation program that allows us 
to attract, retain, motivate and reward qualified and talented executives that will enable us to grow our 
business, achieve our annual, long-term and strategic goals and drive long-term stockholder value.  

The following core principles provide a framework for our executive compensation program:  

•  Align interests of our executives with stockholder interests; 

• 

Integrate compensation with our business plans and strategic goals;  

•  Link amount of compensation to both company and individual performance; and 

•  Provide fair and competitive compensation opportunities that attract and retain executives. 

49 

 
How We Make Compensation Decisions    

There are several elements to our executive compensation decision-making, which we believe allow us to 
most effectively implement our compensation philosophy.  Each of these elements and their roles are 
described briefly below.  

Role of the Compensation Committee.  The Compensation Committee, which is comprised solely of 
independent directors, oversees our executive compensation program.  Within its duties, the 
Compensation Committee recommends compensation for the CEO and CFO. In doing so, the 
Compensation Committee:  

•  Approves and recommends that the Board approve the total executive compensation package 
for each executive, including his base salary, annual bonus payout and annual stock option 
awards;  

•  Approves and recommends that the Board approve the terms of our annual bonus plan; 

•  Approves and recommends that the Board approve annual stock option grants; 

•  Evaluates market competitiveness of our executive compensation program; and  

•  Evaluates proposed significant changes to all other elements of our executive compensation 

program.  

In setting or recommending executive compensation for our executives, the Compensation Committee 
considers the following primary factors: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

each executive’s position within NTIC and the level of responsibility;  

the ability of the executive to impact key business initiatives; 

the executive’s individual experience and qualifications;  

company performance, as compared to specific pre-established objectives;  

individual performance, generally and as compared to specific pre-established objectives;  

the executive’s current and historical compensation levels;  

advancement potential and succession planning considerations; 

an assessment of the risk that the executive would leave NTIC and the harm to our business 
initiatives if the executive left;  

the retention value of executive equity holdings, including outstanding stock options;  

the dilutive effect on the interests of our stockholders of long-term equity-based incentive 
awards; and 

anticipated share-based compensation expense as determined under applicable accounting 
rules. 

The Compensation Committee also considers the recommendations of the CEO with respect to executive 
compensation to be paid to other executives and employees.  The significance of any individual factor 
described above in setting executive compensation will vary from year to year and may vary among our 
executives.  In making its final decision regarding the form and amount of compensation to be paid to our 
named executive officers (other than the CEO), the Compensation Committee considers and gives great 

50 

 
weight to the recommendations of the CEO recognizing that due to his reporting and otherwise close 
relationship with each executive and employee, the CEO often is in a better position than the 
Compensation Committee to evaluate the performance of each executive (other than himself).  In making 
its final decision regarding the form and amount of compensation to be paid to the CEO, the 
Compensation Committee considers the results of the CEO’s self-review and his individual annual 
performance review by the Compensation Committee and the recommendations of our non-employee 
directors.  The CEO’s compensation is approved by the Board of Directors (with the CEO abstaining), 
upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee. 

Role of Management.  Management’s role is to provide current compensation information to the 
Compensation Committee and provide analysis and recommendations on executive compensation to the 
Compensation Committee based on the executive’s level of professional experience; the executive’s 
duties and responsibilities; individual performance; tenure; and historic corporate performance.  None of 
our executives, including the CEO, provides input or recommendations with respect to his own 
compensation.  

Use of Market Data.  Since there are no public companies of which NTIC is aware that are substantially 
similar to NTIC, in terms of its business, industry and corporate profile, the Compensation Committee has 
not used market data to review and evaluate executive compensation in any material respect.  However, 
the Compensation Committee has historically used a group of peer companies with a market 
capitalization similar to NTIC and either in a similar industry or located in Minnesota. 

Elements of Our Executive Compensation Program 

Our executive compensation program for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 consisted of the following 
key elements: 

•  Base salary; 
•  Annual incentive compensation; 
•  Long-term equity-based incentive compensation, in the form of stock options; and 
•  All other compensation, including health and welfare benefits, retirement plans and 

perquisites. 

The table below provides some of the key characteristics of and purpose for each element along with 
some key actions taken during fiscal 2022.  

Element 
Base Salary  A fixed amount, paid in cash 

Key Characteristics 

and reviewed annually and, 
if appropriate, adjusted. 

Purpose 

Provide a source of fixed income 
that is competitive and reflects 
scope and responsibility of the 
position held. 

Key Fiscal 2022 Actions 
Our named executive officers 
received an 8.0% increase 
to their fiscal 2021 annual base 
salaries. 

Annual 
Incentive 

A variable, short-term 
element of compensation that 
is typically payable in cash 
and is based on Adjusted 
EBITOI and individual 
performance goals. 

Motivate and reward our executives 
for achievement of annual business 
results intended to drive overall 
company performance. 

Messrs. Lynch and Wolsfeld 
received bonuses in the amount 
of $406,527 and $300,476, 
respectively, in each case 
representing 86.5% of their 
annual base salary.  A portion of 
the annual incentive earned for 
fiscal 2022 was paid in the form 
of a stock option grant made at 
the beginning of fiscal 2022, 

51 

 
 
 
Element 

Key Characteristics 

Purpose 

Key Fiscal 2022 Actions 

resulting in cash bonuses of 
$169,310 for Mr. Lynch and 
$125,142 for Mr. Wolsfeld. 

No significant changes were 
made.   

The fiscal 2022 stock option 
grant was intended as partial 
payout of the fiscal 2022 annual 
bonus program. 

Long-Term 
Equity-
Based 
Incentive 

Health and 
Welfare 
Benefits 

Retirement 
Plans 

Perquisites 

Align the interests of our executives 
with the long-term interests of our 
stockholders; promote stock 
ownership and create significant 
incentives for executive retention. 

A variable, long-term element 
of compensation that is 
provided in the form of stock 
options.  Stock options are 
time-based and vest annually 
over three years. Options 
granted prior to fiscal 2021 
vested on the one-year 
anniversary of the grant date. 

Includes health, dental and 
life insurance. 

Provide competitive health and 
welfare benefits at a reasonable cost 
and promote employee health. 

No significant changes were 
made. 

Includes a 401(k) plan. 
We do not provide pension 
arrangements or post-
retirement health coverage for 
our executives or employees.  
We also do not provide any 
nonqualified defined 
contribution or other deferred 
compensation plans. 

Includes use of a company-
owned automobile.  We do 
not provide any other 
perquisites to our executives. 

Provide an opportunity for 
employees to save and prepare 
financially for retirement. 

No significant changes were 
made. 

Assist in the attraction and retention 
of executives. 

No significant changes were 
made. 

We describe each key element of our executive compensation program in more detail in the following 
pages, along with the compensation decisions made in fiscal 2022.  

Base Salary.  We provide a base salary for our named executive officers, which, unlike some of the other 
elements of our executive compensation program, is not subject to company or individual performance 
risk.  We recognize the need for most executives to receive at least a portion of their total compensation in 
the form of a guaranteed base salary that is paid in cash regularly throughout the year. 

We initially fix base salaries for our executives at a level that we believe enables us to hire and retain 
them in a competitive environment and to reward satisfactory individual performance and a satisfactory 
level of contribution to our overall business objectives.  The Compensation Committee reviews base 
salaries for our named executive officers each year typically in August and generally recommends to the 
Board of Directors any increases for the following fiscal year in August.  Any increases in base salaries 
are effective as of September 1. 

The Compensation Committee’s recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding the base salaries of 
our named executive officers are based on a number of factors, including:  the executive’s level of 
responsibility, prior experience and base salary for the prior year, the skills and experiences required by 
the position, length of service with NTIC, past individual performance, cost of living increases and other 
considerations the Compensation Committee deems relevant.  The Compensation Committee also 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
recognizes that in addition to the typical responsibilities and duties held by our executives, by virtue of 
their positions, our executives, due to the small number of our executives and employees, often possess 
additional responsibilities and perform additional duties that would be typically delegated to others in 
most organizations with additional personnel and resources. 

Annualized base salary rates for fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022 for our named executive officers were as 
follows: 

Name 
 G. Patrick Lynch ......................  
Matthew C. Wolsfeld ................  

Fiscal 
2021 

$ 435,393 
321,812 

Fiscal 
2022 

$ 470,224 
347,557 

% Change From  
Fiscal 2021 
8.0% 
8.0% 

The Board of Directors, upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, recently set base salaries 
for fiscal 2022.  Both Mr. Lynch’s and Mr. Wolsfeld’s base salaries for fiscal 2022 increased by 8.0% of 
their respective base salaries for fiscal 2021. 

Annual Incentive Compensation.  In addition to base compensation, we provide our named executive 
officers the opportunity to earn annual incentive compensation based on the achievement of certain 
company and individual related performance goals.  Our annual bonus program, along with our stock 
ownership guidelines, directly aligns the interests of our executive officers and stockholders by providing 
an incentive for the achievement of key corporate and individual performance measures that are critical to 
the success of NTIC and linking a significant portion of each executive’s annual compensation to the 
achievement of such measures.   

Under the annual bonus plan for fiscal 2022, the total amount available under the bonus plan for all plan 
participants, including our two executive officers, as in past years, was a percent (25%) of NTIC’s 
earnings before interest, taxes and other income, as adjusted to take into account amounts to be paid under 
the bonus plan and certain other adjustments (referred to as “Adjusted EBITOI”).  For fiscal 2022, the 
other adjustments included amounts paid under NTIC’s sales and management bonus plan and profit 
sharing plan and a portion of stock-based compensation expense. As in past years, for fiscal 2022, for 
each named executive officer participant, 75% of the amount of their individual bonus payout was 
determined based upon their individual allocation percentage of the total amount available under the 
bonus plan, and 25% of their individual payout was determined based upon their achievement of certain 
pre-established but more qualitative individual performance objectives.   

A plan participant’s individual allocation percentage of the total amount available under the bonus plan 
was based on the number of plan participants (which for fiscal 2022 was seven participants), the 
individual’s annual base salary for fiscal 2022 and the individual’s position and level of responsibility 
within NTIC.  Individual allocation percentages ranged from approximately 6% to 23%.  Mr. Lynch’s 
individual allocation percentage for fiscal 2022 was approximately 23% and Mr. Wolsfeld’s individual 
allocation percentage for fiscal 2022 was approximately 17% of a total management bonus pool of 
approximately $734,675.   

Mr. Lynch’s individual performance objectives for fiscal 2022 related primarily to NTIC’s acquisition of 
entity in India, operations in China, management of pending litigation, improvement and maintenance of 
key joint venture relationships, improvement and maintenance of investors relations and retention and 
improvement of key personnel.  Mr. Wolsfeld’s individual performance objectives for fiscal 2022 related 
primarily to acquisition of entity in India, investor relations and management of NTIC’s Human 
Resources department.  In the case of both Mr. Lynch and Mr. Wolsfeld, the Compensation Committee 
determined each executive achieved his individual performance objectives at a 100% achievement level. 

53 

 
 
 
 
Mr. Lynch received a total cash bonus of $169,310 for fiscal 2022 and Mr. Wolsfeld received a total 
bonus of $125,142 for fiscal 2022.  Additionally, a portion of the annual bonus earned was paid in the 
form of a stock option grant on September 1, 2021. 

The structure and material terms of our annual bonus plan for fiscal 2023 are similar to the annual bonus 
plan for fiscal 2022.  As in past years, the payment of bonuses under the plan for fiscal 2023 will be 
discretionary and may be paid to participants in cash and/or shares of NTIC common stock. 

Long-Term Equity-Based Incentive Compensation.  The long-term equity-based incentive compensation 
component of our executive compensation program consists of annual option grants to our executives and 
certain other employees.  The stock options are typically granted on the first business day of each fiscal 
year.  

Accordingly, on September 1, 2021, NTIC granted Mr. Lynch an option to purchase 32,540 shares of 
common stock and Mr. Wolsfeld an option to purchase 24,051 shares of common stock.  In response to 
stockholder concerns, these options vest annually over three years, as opposed to vesting in full on the 
first anniversary of the date of grant.  More recently, on September 1, 2022, NTIC granted Mr. Lynch an 
option to purchase 47,517 shares of common stock and Mr. Wolsfeld an option to purchase 35,121 shares 
of common stock.  These stock options vest annually over three years.  

In determining the number of stock options to grant to our executives and other employees, the Board of 
Directors, upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, considered the anticipated amount to 
be earned under the annual bonus plan and a portion of which it preferred to pay out in the form of a stock 
option grant and the total amount of stock-based compensation expense budgeted for such options and 
divided that amount by the grant date fair value per share to obtain a total option pool.  Of the total option 
pool, the number of options to be granted to each executive and employee receiving options was then 
determined based on the individual’s base salary as a percentage of the total aggregate base salaries of all 
executive and employees receiving option grants.  

The Compensation Committee’s primary objectives with respect to long-term equity-based incentive 
compensation, along with our stock ownership guidelines, are to align the interests of our executives with 
the long-term interests of our stockholders, promote stock ownership and create significant incentives for 
executive retention.  Long-term equity-based incentives are intended to comprise a significant portion of 
each executive’s compensation package, consistent with our executive compensation objective to align 
the interests of our executives with the interests of our stockholders.  For fiscal 2022, equity-based 
compensation comprised over 27% of the total compensation for Mr. Lynch and Mr. Wolsfeld, assuming 
grant date fair value for equity awards.  All equity-based compensation granted to our executives and 
other employees is granted under our then current stockholder-approved stock incentive plan. 

The Compensation Committee uses stock options as opposed to other equity-based incentive awards since 
the Compensation Committee believes that options effectively incentivize executives to maximize 
company performance, as the value of awards is directly tied to an appreciation in the value of our 
common stock.  Stock options also provide an effective retention mechanism because of vesting 
provisions.  An important objective of our long-term equity-based incentive program is to strengthen the 
relationship between the long-term value of our common stock and the potential financial gain for our 
executives.  Stock options provide recipients with the opportunity to purchase our common stock at a 
price fixed on the grant date regardless of future market price.  The vesting of our stock options is time-
based – over three years and previously upon the one-year anniversary of the date of grant.  Our policy is 
to grant options only with an exercise price equal to or more than the fair market value of our common 
stock on the grant date.  Under the terms of our incentive plan, fair market value is defined as the mean 
between the reported high and low sale prices of our common stock as of the grant date at the end of the 

54 

 
regular trading session, as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market.  Because stock options become 
valuable only if the share price increases above the exercise price and the option holder remains employed 
during the period required for the option to vest, they provide an incentive for an executive to remain 
employed.  In addition, stock options link a portion of an employee’s compensation to the interests of our 
stockholders by providing an incentive to achieve corporate goals and increase the market price of our 
common stock over the vesting period.   

Through the grant of stock options, we seek to align the long-term interests of our executives with the 
long-term interests of our stockholders by creating a strong and direct link between compensation and 
long-term stockholder return.  When our executives deliver returns to our stockholders, in the form of 
increases in our stock price or otherwise, stock options permit an increase in their compensation.  We also 
believe that stock options enable our executives to achieve a meaningful equity ownership in NTIC and 
enable us to attract, retain and motivate our executives by maintaining competitive levels of total 
compensation.   

As described in more detail below, in November 2021, the Board of Directors adopted stock ownership 
guidelines to align the interests of our executives with the interests of our stockholders, and under the 
terms of our insider trading policy, our executives are prohibited from engaging in any hedging or 
significant pledging of their shares of our common stock.     

All Other Compensation.  It is generally our policy not to extend significant perquisites to our executives 
that are not available to our employees generally.  The only significant perquisite that we provide to our 
executives is the personal use of a company-owned vehicle.  Our executives also receive benefits, which 
are also received by our other employees, including participation in the Northern Technologies 
International Corporation 401(k) Plan and health, dental and life insurance benefits.  Under the 401(k) 
plan, all eligible participants, including our executives, may voluntarily request that we reduce his or her 
pre-tax compensation by up to 10% (subject to certain special limitations) and contribute such amounts to 
a trust.  We typically contribute an amount equal to 50% of the first 7% of the amount that each 
participant contributed under this plan.  We do not provide pension arrangements or post-retirement 
health coverage for our executives or employees.  We also do not provide any nonqualified defined 
contribution or other deferred compensation plans. 

Change in Control and Post-Termination Severance Arrangements 

Change in Control Arrangements.  To encourage continuity, stability and retention when considering the 
potential disruptive impact of an actual or potential corporate transaction, we have established change in 
control arrangements, including provisions in our stock incentive plans and written employment 
agreements with our executives.  These arrangements are designed to incentivize our executives to remain 
with NTIC in the event of a change in control or potential change in control.   

Under the terms of our stock incentive plans and the individual award documents provided to recipients of 
awards under those plans, all stock options become immediately vested and exercisable upon the 
completion of a change in control of NTIC.  For more information, see “—Potential Payments Upon 
Termination or Change in Control—Change in Control Arrangements.”  Thus, the immediate vesting of 
stock options is triggered by the change in control, itself, and thus is known as a “single trigger” change 
in control arrangement.  We believe these “single trigger” equity acceleration change in control 
arrangements provide important retention incentives during what can often be an uncertain time for 
executives.  They also provide executives with additional monetary motivation to focus on and complete a 
transaction that the Board of Directors believes is in the best interests of our stockholders rather than to 
seek new employment opportunities.  If an executive were to leave before the completion of the change in 
control, non-vested options held by the executive would terminate. 

55 

 
In addition, we have entered into employment agreements with our named executive officers to provide 
certain payments and benefits in the event of a change in control, which are payable only in the event 
their employment is terminated in connection with the change in control (“double-trigger” provisions).  
These change in control protections provide consideration to executives for certain restrictive covenants 
that apply following termination of employment and provide continuity of management in connection 
with a threatened or actual change in control transaction.  If an executive’s employment is terminated 
without “cause” or by the executive for “good reason” (as defined in the employment agreements) within 
24 months following a change in control, the executive will be entitled to receive a lump sum payment 
equal to two times, in the case of the CEO, and one and one-half times, in the case of the CFO, his 
average total annual compensation for the two most recently completed fiscal years.  The average total 
annual compensation will be determined based on the calculation used to determine total compensation in 
the Summary Compensation Table.  Accordingly, it will not include equity gains; only, the grant date fair 
value of equity grants.  Additionally, each of the CEO and CFO is eligible to receive a pro rata portion of 
the target bonus that the executive otherwise would have been eligible to receive under our bonus plan for 
the fiscal year during which the executive’s employment is terminated, with such pro rata portion based 
on the number of completed months during the fiscal year that the executive was employed with NTIC. 
These arrangements, and a quantification of the payment and benefits provided under these arrangements, 
are described in more detail under “—Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control—
Change in Control Arrangements.”  Other than the immediate acceleration of equity-based awards, which 
we believe aligns our executives’ interests with those of our stockholders by allowing executives to 
participate fully in the benefits of a change in control as to all of their equity, in order for a named 
executive officer to receive any other payments or benefits as a result of a change in control of NTIC, 
there must be a termination of the executive’s employment, either by us without cause or by the executive 
for good reason.  The termination of the executive’s employment by the executive without good reason 
will not give rise to additional payments or benefits either in a change in control situation or otherwise.  
Thus, these additional payments and benefits will not just be triggered by a change in control, but also 
will require a termination event not within the control of the executive, and thus are known as “double 
trigger” change in control arrangements.  As opposed to the immediate acceleration of stock options, we 
believe that other change in control payments and benefits should properly be tied to termination 
following a change in control, given the intent that these amounts provide economic security to ease the 
executive’s transition into new employment.   

We believe these change in control arrangements are an important part of our executive compensation 
program in part because they mitigate some of the risk for executives working in a smaller company 
where there is a meaningful risk that NTIC may be acquired.  Change in control benefits are intended to 
attract and retain qualified executives who, absent these arrangements and in anticipation of a possible 
change in control of NTIC, might consider seeking employment alternatives to be less risky than 
remaining with NTIC through the transaction.  We believe that relative to NTIC’s overall value, our 
potential change in control benefits are relatively small.  We also believe that the form and amount of 
these change in control benefits are fair and reasonable to both NTIC and our executives.  The 
Compensation Committee reviews our change of control arrangements periodically to ensure that they 
remain necessary and appropriate. 

Other Severance Arrangements.  Each of our named executive officers is entitled to receive severance 
benefits upon certain other qualifying terminations of employment, other than a change in control, 
pursuant to the provisions of such executive’s employment agreement.  These severance arrangements are 
primarily intended to retain our executives and provide consideration to those executives for certain 
restrictive covenants that apply following termination of employment.  Additionally, we entered into the 
employment agreements because they provide us valuable protection by subjecting the executives to 
restrictive covenants that prohibit the disclosure of confidential information during and following their 
employment and limit their ability to engage in competition with us or otherwise interfere with our 

56 

 
business relationships following their termination of employment.  For more information on our 
employment agreements and severance arrangements with our named executive officers, see the 
discussions below under “—Summary Compensation—Employment Agreements” and “—Potential 
Payments Upon a Termination or Change in Control.” 

We believe that the form and amount of these severance benefits are fair and reasonable to both NTIC and 
our executives.  The Compensation Committee reviews our severance arrangements periodically to ensure 
that they remain necessary and appropriate. 

Stock Ownership Guidelines 

In November 2021, the Board of Directors adopted stock ownership guidelines that are intended to align 
the interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders.  As of the date of this proxy 
statement, each of our executive officers required to meet the stock ownership guidelines had met such 
guideline.  The stock ownership guidelines for our executive officers are as follows: 

Position 

Chief Executive Officer 
Other Executive Officers 

Hedging and Pledging Policies 

Guideline 
6x annual base salary 
3x annual base salary 

Our insider trading policy prohibits NTIC directors, officers, employees, consultants and their immediate 
family members, other household members and controlled entities from engaging in hedging or 
monetization transactions that hedge or offset, or are designed to hedge or offset, any decrease in the 
market value of NTIC securities, including, without limitation, prepaid variable forward contracts, equity 
swaps, collars and exchange funds.  In addition, our insider trading policy limits the ability of the 
individuals listed above to pledge NTIC securities. NTIC securities may only be pledged in an 
insignificant manner if the individual has a compelling reason for the pledge and is able to demonstrate 
the financial capacity to repay the loan without resort to the pledged securities.  The proposed transaction 
must be submitted at least two weeks prior to its proposed execution in order for the Chief Financial 
Officer to review and approve the transaction. 

Clawback Policy 

We have a clawback policy pursuant to which we may recover certain incentive compensation from 
current or former executive officers in the event a financial metric used to determine the vesting or 
payment of incentive compensation to an executive was calculated incorrectly or the executive engaged in 
egregious conduct that is substantially detrimental to NTIC. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Cash and Other Compensation 

The table below provides summary information concerning all compensation awarded to, earned by or 
paid to named executive officers. G. Patrick Lynch, our President and Chief Executive Officer, serves as 
our principal executive officer, and Matthew C. Wolsfeld, our Chief Financial Officer and Corporate 
Secretary, serves as our principal financial officer.  Mr. Lynch and Mr. Wolsfeld are the only two 
individuals who have been designated by our Board of Directors as “executive officers” of NTIC.  

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE – FISCAL 2022 

Name and Principal 
Position 
G. Patrick Lynch ............  
President and Chief 
Executive Officer 

Matthew C. Wolsfeld .....  
Chief Financial Officer 
and Corporate Secretary 

Fiscal 
Year 
2022 
2021 

Salary 
$ 470,224 
  435,392 

Option 
Awards(1) 
$  237,217 
233,195 

Non-Equity  
Incentive Plan 
Compensation(2) 
169,310 
$ 
376,539 

All Other 
Compensation(3) 
$ 

13,102 
13,102 

Total 
$   889,853 
  1,058,228  

2022 
2021 

347,557 
321,812 

175,334 
172,362 

125,142 
278,311 

12,875 
12,875 

660,908 
785,360 

__________________________ 
(1) 

On September 1, 2021, each of the named executive officers was granted a stock option under the Northern 
Technologies International Corporation 2019 Stock Incentive Plan.  We refer you to the information under 
the heading “Compensation Review—Elements of Our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term 
Equity-Based Incentive Compensation” for a discussion of the option grants and their terms.  The amounts 
reflected in the column entitled “Option Awards” for each officer represent the aggregate grant date fair 
value for the option awards, as computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.  The grant date fair 
value is determined based on a Black-Scholes option pricing model.  The grant date fair value per share for 
the options granted on September 1, 2021 was $7.29 and was determined using the following specific 
assumptions:  risk free interest rate: 0.77%; expected life: 10.0 years; expected volatility: 45.4%; and 
expected dividend yield: 0%.   

(2) 

The amounts reflected in the column entitled “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” reflect the cash 
amount of bonus earned by each of the officers in consideration for their fiscal 2022 and 2021 performance, 
respectively, but paid to such officers during fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.  We refer you to the 
information under “Compensation Review—Elements of Our Executive Compensation Program—Annual 
Incentive Compensation” for a discussion of the factors taken into consideration by the Board of Directors, 
upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, in determining the amount of bonus paid to each 
named executive officer.  

(3) 

The amounts shown in the column entitled “All Other Compensation” for fiscal 2022 include the following 
with respect to each named executive officer:  

Name 
G. Patrick Lynch .............................................
Matthew C. Wolsfeld ......................................

401(k) Match 
  $     8,750 
         8,750 

Personal Use 
of Auto 
$  4,352 
  4,125 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End 

The table set forth below provides information regarding stock options for each of our named executive 
officers that remained outstanding at August 31, 2022.  Note that because of the grant date, the table set 
forth below does not reflect option grants on September 1, 2022.  We did not have any equity incentive 
plan awards or stock awards outstanding at August 31, 2022. Share and per share data have been adjusted 
to reflect our two-for-one stock split that was effective June 28, 2019. 

OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR END—FISCAL 2022 

Name 
G. Patrick Lynch .................  

Matthew C. Wolsfeld ..........  

Number of Securities 
Underlying Unexercised 
Options (#) 
Exercisable  
11,610 
10,488 
14,574 
16,072 
11,704 
27,596 
58,651 
24,914 
0 
8,582 
7,752 
10,772 
11,880 
8,650 
20,396 
43,351 
18,415 
0 

Option Awards 
Number of Securities 
Underlying Unexercised 
Options (#) 
Unexercisable(1) 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0  
0 

49,828(2) 
32,540(3) 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

36,829(2) 
24,051(3) 

Option 
Exercise 
Price ($) 
7.35 
10.05 
7.43 
6.70 
9.18 
18.23 
10.80 
8.24 
16.97 
7.35 
10.05 
7.43 
6.70 
9.18 
18.23 
10.80 
8.24 
16.97 

Option 
Expiration Date 
08/31/2023 
08/31/2024 
08/31/2025 
08/31/2026 
08/31/2027 
08/31/2028 
08/31/2029 
08/31/2030 
08/31/2031 
08/31/2023 
08/31/2024 
08/31/2025 
08/31/2026 
08/31/2027 
08/31/2028 
08/31/2029 
08/31/2030 
08/31/2031 

__________________________ 
(1) 

All options described in this table were granted under the Northern Technologies International Corporation 
2019 Stock Incentive Plan or the Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 
2007 Stock Incentive Plan.  Under these plans, upon the occurrence of a change in control, the unvested 
and unexercisable options will be accelerated and become fully vested and immediately exercisable as of 
the date of the change in control.  For more information, we refer you to the discussion below under “—
Stock Incentive Plans.” 

(2) 

(3) 

These options vest over a three-year period, with one-third of the underlying shares vesting on each of 
September 1, 2021, 2022 and 2023 so long as the individual remains an employee of NTIC as of such date.  

These options vest over a three-year period, with one-third of the underlying shares vesting on each of 
September 1, 2022, 2023 and 2024 so long as the individual remains an employee of NTIC as of such date.  

Stock Incentive Plans 

We have two stock incentive plans under which stock options are currently outstanding: the Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan and the 
Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan.  
However, future stock incentive awards may only be granted under the Northern Technologies 
International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan.  Under the terms of the 2019 
plan, our named executive officers, in addition to other employees and individuals, are eligible to receive 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
stock-based compensation awards, such as stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock 
awards, restricted stock units, performance awards, and other stock-based awards.  To date, only incentive 
and non-statutory stock options have been granted under the plan.  The plan contains both an overall limit 
on the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued, as well as individual limits for non-
employee directors and other grant limits. 

Incentive stock options must be granted with a per share exercise price equal to at least the fair market 
value of a share of our common stock on the date of grant.  For purposes of the plan, the fair market value 
of our common stock is the mean between the reported high and low sale price of our common stock, as 
reported by the Nasdaq Global Market.  We generally set the per share exercise price of all stock options 
granted under the plan at an amount equal to the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the 
date of grant. 

Except in connection with certain specified changes in our corporate structure or shares, the Board of 
Directors or Compensation Committee may not, without prior approval of our stockholders, seek to effect 
any re-pricing of any previously granted, “underwater” option or stock appreciation right by amending or 
modifying the terms of the underwater option or stock appreciation right to lower the exercise price, 
cancelling the underwater option or stock appreciation right in exchange for cash, replacement options or 
stock appreciation rights having a lower exercise price, or other incentive awards, or repurchasing the 
underwater options or stock appreciation rights and granting new incentive awards under the plan.  For 
purposes of the plan, an option or stock appreciation right is deemed to be “underwater” at any time when 
the fair market value of our common stock is less than the exercise price. 

We generally provide for the vesting of stock options in equal annual installments over a three-year 
period commencing on the one-year anniversary of the date of grant for employees and in full on the one-
year anniversary of the date of grant for directors.  We generally provide for option terms of ten years. 

Optionees may pay the exercise price of stock options in cash, except that the Compensation Committee 
may allow payment to be made (in whole or in part) by (1) using a broker-assisted cashless exercise 
procedure pursuant to which the optionee, upon exercise of an option, irrevocably instructs a broker or 
dealer to sell a sufficient number of shares of our common stock or loan a sufficient amount of money to 
pay all or a portion of the exercise price of the option and/or any related withholding tax obligations and 
remit such sums to us and directs us to deliver stock certificates to be issued upon such exercise directly 
to such broker or dealer; or (2) using a cashless exercise procedure pursuant to which the optionee 
surrenders to us shares of our common stock either underlying the option or that are otherwise held by the 
optionee.  

Under the terms of the plan, unless otherwise provided in a separate agreement or amended in connection 
with an optionee’s termination of employment, if a named executive officer’s employment or service with 
NTIC terminates for any reason, the unvested portion of the options held by such officer will immediately 
terminate, and the executive’s right to exercise the then vested portion of the options will: 

• 

• 

• 

immediately terminate if the executive’s employment or service relationship with NTIC 
terminates for “cause”; 
continue for a period of 12 months if the executive’s employment or service relationship with 
NTIC terminates as a result of the executive’s death, disability or retirement; or  
continue for a period of three months if the executive’s employment or service relationship 
with NTIC terminates for any reason, other than for cause or upon death, disability or 
retirement. 

60 

 
As set forth in the plan, the term “cause” is as defined in any employment or other agreement or policy 
applicable to the named executive officer or, if no such agreement or policy exists, means (i) dishonesty, 
fraud, misrepresentation, embezzlement or other act of dishonesty with respect to us or any subsidiary, 
(ii) any unlawful or criminal activity of a serious nature, (iii) any intentional and deliberate breach of a 
duty or duties that, individually or in the aggregate, are material in relation to the overall duties, or 
(iv) any material breach of any employment, service, confidentiality or non-compete agreement entered 
into with us or any subsidiary. 

Under the terms of the plan, if a participant is determined by the committee to have taken any action that 
would constitute “cause” or an “adverse action” during or within one year after the termination of the 
participant’s employment or other service with NTIC, all rights of the participant under the plan and any 
incentive award agreements then held by the participant will terminate and be forfeited without notice of 
any kind, and the committee may rescind the exercise, vesting or issuance of, or payment in respect of, 
any incentive awards of the participant that were exercised, vested or issued, or as to which such payment 
was made, and require the participant to pay any amount received or the amount of any gain realized as a 
result of such rescinded exercise, vesting, issuance or payment.  Additionally, as applicable, we may defer 
the exercise of any option or stock appreciation right for a period of up to six months after receipt of a 
participant’s written notice of exercise or the issuance of share certificates upon the vesting of any 
incentive award for a period of up to six months after the date of such vesting in order for the committee 
to make any determination as to the existence of cause or an adverse action.  An “adverse action” includes 
any of the following actions or conduct that the committee determines to be injurious, detrimental, 
prejudicial or adverse to our interests: (i) disclosing any confidential information of NTIC or any 
subsidiary to any person not authorized to receive it; (ii) engaging, directly or indirectly, in any 
commercial activity that in the judgment of the committee competes with our business or the business of 
any of our subsidiaries; or (iii) interfering with our relationships or the relationships of our subsidiaries 
and our and their respective employees, independent contractors, customers, prospective customers and 
vendors. 

As described in more detail under “—Post-Termination Severance and Change in Control Arrangements” 
if there is a change in control of NTIC, then, under the terms of agreements evidencing options granted to 
our named executive officers and other employees under the plan, all outstanding options will become 
immediately exercisable in full and will remain exercisable for the remainder of their terms, regardless of 
whether the executive to whom such options have been granted remains in the employ or service of us or 
any of our subsidiaries. 

Post-Termination Severance and Change in Control Arrangements 

We have entered into employment agreements with G. Patrick Lynch, NTIC’s President and Chief 
Executive Officer, and Matthew C. Wolsfeld, NTIC’s Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary.  
Although each executive’s employment with NTIC remains “at will,” the employment agreements 
provide each executive with certain severance benefits in the event the executive’s employment is 
terminated by us without “cause” or by the executive for “good reason” and the executive executes and 
does not revoke a separation agreement and a release of all claims.   

If an executive’s employment is terminated by us without “cause” or by the executive for “good reason,” 
in addition to any accrued but unpaid salary and benefits through the date of termination, the executive 
will be entitled to a severance cash payment from us in an amount equal to two times (one and one-half 
times, in the case of Mr. Wolsfeld) the executive’s average total annual compensation for the two most 
recently completed fiscal years.  The average total annual compensation will be determined based on the 
calculation used to determine total compensation in the Summary Compensation Table.  Accordingly, it 
will not include equity gains; only, the grant date fair value of equity grants.  Additionally, the CEO and 

61 

 
CFO are eligible to receive a pro rata portion of the target bonus that the executive otherwise would have 
been eligible to receive under our bonus plan for the fiscal year during which the executive’s employment 
is terminated, with such pro rata portion based on the number of complete months during the fiscal year 
that the executive was employed with NTIC.  The severance payment will be paid in several installments 
in the form of salary continuation in accordance with our normal payroll practices over a 24-month period 
(18-month period, in the case of Mr. Wolsfeld).  If, however, the termination event occurs within 
24 months after a change in control of NTIC, the severance payment will be paid in one lump sum.  If the 
executive is eligible for and timely elects continued coverage under our group medical plan, group dental 
plan and/or group vision plan pursuant to Section 4980B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as 
amended (referred to as “COBRA”), for each of the first 18 months of the COBRA continuation period, 
we also will reimburse the executive in an amount equal to the difference between the amount the 
executive pays for such COBRA continuation coverage each month and the amount paid by a full-time 
active employee each month for the same level of coverage elected by the executive.  In addition, all 
outstanding and unvested options to purchase shares of our common stock and other stock incentive 
awards granted to the executive under our stock incentive plan will become immediately vested and 
exercisable. 

Under the employment agreements, “cause” is defined as (i) the executive’s material breach of any of the 
executive’s obligations under the employment agreement or the executive’s willful and continued failure 
or refusal to perform his duties, responsibilities and obligations as an executive officer of NTIC, for 
reasons other than the executive’s disability, to the satisfaction of the Board of Directors; (ii) the 
executive’s commission of an act of dishonesty, fraud, embezzlement, misappropriation, or intentional 
and deliberate injury or material breach of fiduciary duty, or material breach of the duty of loyalty related 
to or against us or our business, or any unlawful or criminal activity of a serious nature involving any 
felony, or conviction by a court of competent jurisdiction of, or pleading guilty or nolo contendere to, any 
felony or any crime involving moral turpitude; or (iii) the existence of any court order or settlement 
agreement prohibiting the executive’s continued employment with NTIC.   

“Good reason” is defined as (i) a material diminution in the executive’s authority, duties or 
responsibilities; (ii) a material diminution in the executive’s annual base salary; (iii) a material change in 
the geographic location at which we require the executive to provide services, except for travel reasonably 
required in the performance of the executive’s responsibilities; or (iv) any action or inaction that 
constitutes a material breach by us of the employment agreement.   

“Change in control” has the meaning assigned to such term in our stock incentive plan as in effect from 
time to time to the extent such change in control is a “change of control event” as defined under Code 
Section 409A and applicable Internal Revenue Service regulations.  Under the terms of our stock 
incentive plan, a “change in control” means: 

• 

the sale, lease, exchange or other transfer of all or substantially all of our assets to a 
corporation that is not controlled by us; 
the approval by our stockholders of any plan or proposal for our liquidation or dissolution; 
certain merger or business combination transactions; 

• 
• 
•  more than 40% of our outstanding voting shares are acquired by any person or group of 

persons who did not own any shares of common stock on the effective date of the plan; and 
certain changes in the composition of our Board of Directors. 

• 

If a change in control of NTIC had occurred on August 31, 2022, the number of options indicated in the 
table below held by each of our named executive officers would have been automatically accelerated and 
exercisable.  The estimated value of the automatic acceleration of the vesting of unvested stock options 
held by a named executive officer as of August 31, 2022 is also indicated in the table below and is based 

62 

 
on the difference between: (i) the market price of the shares of our common stock underlying the unvested 
stock options held by such officer as of August 31, 2022 (based on the closing sale price of our common 
stock on the last trading day of fiscal 2022, August 31, 2022 — $11.78), and (ii) the exercise price of the 
options. 

Executive Officer 
G. Patrick Lynch .............  
Matthew C. Wolsfeld ......  

Number of Unvested Options 
Subject to Automatic Acceleration 
82,368 
60,880 

Estimated Value of Automatic 
Acceleration of Vesting 

$  176,391 
  130,376 

If the employment of our named executive officers was terminated as of August 31, 2022, they would 
have been entitled to the following compensation and benefits, depending upon the applicable triggering 
event: 

Executive Officer 
G. Patrick Lynch ..........

Type of Payment 

  Cash severance(1) 
Benefits continuation(2) 
Equity acceleration(3) 
   Total: 

Triggering Event 

Involuntary 
Termination 
without 
Cause 
$ 1,948,081 
29,940 
176,391 
$2,154,412 

Qualifying 
Change in 
Control 
Termination 
$1,948,081 
29,940 
  176,391 
$2,154,412 

Voluntary/ 
For Cause 
Termination 
0 
$ 
0 
0 
0 

$ 

Matthew C. Wolsfeld...

  Cash severance(1) 
Benefits continuation(2) 
Equity acceleration(3) 
   Total: 

$ 

$ 

0 
0 
0 
0 

$ 1,084,701 
29,940 
130,376 
$ 1,245,017 

$1,084,701 
29,940 
  130,376 
$1,245,017 

Death 

0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Disability 
0 
$ 
0 
0 
0 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0 
0 
0 
0 

__________________________ 
(1) 

Represents the value of two times (one and one-half times, in the case of Mr. Wolsfeld) the executive’s 
average total annual compensation for the two most recently completed fiscal years.  Does not include a pro 
rata portion of the target bonus that the executive otherwise would have been eligible to receive under our 
bonus plan for the fiscal year during which the executive’s employment is terminated, since in light of the 
assumed termination date of August 31, 2022, the last day of the fiscal year, such bonus would have been 
earned.  

(2) 

(3) 

Represents the value of medical, dental and vision benefit continuation for each executive and their family 
for 18 months following the executive’s termination.  

Represents the value of acceleration of all unvested shares that are subject to options, based on the 
difference between the closing sale price of $11.78 per share as of the last trading day of fiscal 2022, 
August 31, 2022, and the exercise price.   

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation 

No member of the Compensation Committee has served as one of our officers or employees at any time. 
Except as otherwise disclosed in this proxy statement, no member of the Compensation Committee has 
had any relationship with NTIC requiring disclosure under Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the 
Exchange Act.  None of our executive officers has served as a director, or member of the compensation 
committee (or other committee serving an equivalent function), of an organization that has an executive 
officer also serving as a member of our Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.  

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RELATED PERSON RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS 
________________ 

Introduction 

Below under “—Description of Related Party Transactions” is a description of transactions that have 
occurred during the past fiscal year, or any currently proposed transactions, to which we were or are a 
participant and in which: 

• 

• 

the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed the lesser of: $120,000 or one percent (1%) of 
the average of our total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years; and 

a related person (including any director, director nominee, executive officer, holder of more 
than 5% of our common stock or any member of their immediate family) had or will have a 
direct or indirect material interest. 

These transactions are referred to as “related party transactions.”   

Procedures Regarding Approval of Related Party Transactions 

As provided in our Corporate Governance Guidelines, the Audit Committee will review, approve or ratify 
reportable related party transactions by use of the following procedures:  

•  NTIC’s Chief Financial Officer, with the assistance of NTIC’s legal counsel, will evaluate the 
disclosures provided in the director and officer questionnaires and from data obtained from 
NTIC’s records for potential related person transactions. 

•  Management will periodically, but no less than annually, report to the Audit Committee on all 
related person transactions that occurred since the beginning of the prior fiscal year or that it 
believes will occur in the next year. Such report should include information as to (i) the 
related person’s relationship to NTIC and interest in the transaction; (ii) the material facts of 
the transaction; (iii) the benefits to NTIC of the transaction; and (iv) an assessment of 
whether the transaction is (to the extent applicable) in the ordinary course of business, at 
arm’s length, at prices and on terms customarily available to unrelated third party vendors or 
customers generally, and whether the related party had any direct or indirect personal interest 
in, or received any personal benefit from, such transaction.  

•  Taking into account the factors listed above, and such other factors and information as the 

Audit Committee may deem appropriate, the Audit Committee will determine whether or not 
to approve or ratify (as the case may be) each related party transaction so identified.  

•  Transactions in the ordinary course of business, between NTIC and an unaffiliated 

corporation of which a non-employee director of NTIC serves as an officer, that meet the 
below criteria are deemed conclusively pre-approved:  
o  at arm’s length;  
o  at prices and on terms customarily available to unrelated third party vendors or customers 

generally;  

o 

o 

in which the non-employee director had no direct or indirect personal interest, nor 
received any personal benefit; and  

in amounts that are not material to NTIC’s business or the business of such unaffiliated 
corporation. 

64 

 
Description of Related Party Transactions 

Please see “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” for information regarding a 
consulting agreement we have with one of our current directors and the other compensation arrangements 
with our directors and executive officers. 

G. Patrick Lynch is the President and Chief Executive Officer of NTIC. Inter Alia Holding Company 
owns 12.9% of the total voting power of NTIC.  According to a Schedule 13D/A filed with the SEC on 
October 22, 2019, Inter Alia Holding Company is an entity of which Mr. Lynch is a 47% stockholder.  
Mr. Lynch shares equal voting and dispositive power over such shares with three other members of his 
family.  Inter Alia Holding Company’s address is 23205 Mercantile Road, Beachwood, Ohio 44122. 

We have entered into agreements with all of our directors and executive officers under which we are 
required to indemnify them against expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and other amounts 
actually and reasonably incurred, including expenses of a derivative action, in connection with an actual 
or threatened proceeding if any of them may be made a party because he or she is or was one of our 
directors or executive officers.  We will be obligated to pay these amounts only if the director or 
executive officer acted in good faith and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed to be in or not 
opposed to our best interests.  With respect to any criminal proceeding, we will be obligated to pay these 
amounts only if the director or executive officer had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was 
unlawful.  The indemnification agreements also set forth procedures that will apply in the event of a claim 
for indemnification. 

NTIC has not identified any arrangements or agreements relating to compensation provided by a third 
party to NTIC’s directors or director nominees in connection with their candidacy or board service as 
required to be disclosed pursuant to Nasdaq Rule 5250(b)(3). 

65 

 
STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS FOR 
2024 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS 
________________ 

Stockholders who, in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, wish to present proposals for 
inclusion in the proxy materials relating to the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders must submit their 
proposals so that they are received by us at our principal executive offices no later than the close of 
business on August 7, 2023, unless the date of the meeting is delayed by more than 30 calendar days.  The 
proposals must satisfy the requirements of the proxy rules promulgated by the SEC and as the rules of the 
SEC make clear, simply submitting a proposal does not guarantee that it will be included. 

Any other stockholder proposals to be presented at the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (other than 
a matter brought pursuant to SEC Rule 14a-8) and any director nominations for the 2024 Annual Meeting 
of Stockholders must be given in writing to our Corporate Secretary and must be delivered to or mailed to 
and received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the 
anniversary date of the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that 
the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is not held within 30 days before or after such anniversary date, 
notice by the stockholder to be timely must be received not later than the close of business on the 10th day 
following the day on which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public 
disclosure was made, whichever first occurs.  The proposal or director nomination must contain specific 
information required by our Bylaws, a copy of which may be obtained by writing to our Corporate 
Secretary. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will evaluate director nominee 
candidates recommended by stockholders in the same manner as those recommended by others. 
Stockholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than NTIC’s nominees at 
the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders must comply with the “universal proxy rules,” Rule 14a-19 
promulgated under the Exchange Act, as required by and in addition to our Bylaws, including providing 
written notice on a timely basis and providing certain information required by Rule 14a-19(b) and our 
Bylaws to our Corporate Secretary. 

We encourage stockholders who wish to submit a proposal or nomination to seek independent counsel. 
NTIC will not consider any proposal or nomination that is not timely or otherwise does not meet the 
Bylaw and SEC requirements. We reserve the right to reject, rule out of order, or take other appropriate 
action with respect to any proposal that does not comply with these and other applicable requirements. 

COPIES OF FISCAL 2022 ANNUAL REPORT  
________________ 

We have sent or made electronically available to each of our stockholders a copy of our annual 
report on Form 10-K (without exhibits) for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022.  The exhibits to 
our Form 10-K are available by accessing the SEC’s EDGAR filing database at www.sec.gov.  We 
will furnish a copy of any exhibit to our Form 10-K upon receipt from any such person of a written 
request for such exhibits upon the payment of our reasonable expenses in furnishing the exhibits.  
This request should be sent to:  Northern Technologies International Corporation, 4201 Woodland 
Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014, Attention:  Stockholder Information. 

_________________________ 

66 

 
Your vote is important.  Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting in person, vote your 
shares of NTIC common stock by the Internet or telephone, or request a paper proxy card to sign, date 
and return by mail so that your shares may be voted.    

By Order of the Board of Directors, 

Richard J. Nigon 
Chairman of the Board 

December 5, 2022 
Circle Pines, Minnesota 

67 

 
 
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO 
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION 
OF 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 

APPENDIX A 

Northern Technologies International Corporation (hereinafter called the “Corporation”), a corporation 
organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, does 
hereby certify: 

FIRST: The present name of the corporation is Northern Technologies International Corporation and the date 
of filing the original Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation with the Secretary of State of the State of 
Delaware was October 12, 1977 under the name Northern Instruments Corporation. 

SECOND: This Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation was duly adopted by the 
Board of Directors and the stockholders of the Corporation in accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of 
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as set forth in Title 8 of the Delaware Code. 

THIRD: The text of Article IX of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby 
amended to read in its entirety as follows: 

ARTICLE IX. 

No director or officer of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its 
stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty by such a director or officer as a 
director or officer, respectively, except to the extent provided by applicable law (i) for any breach of 
the director’s or officer’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or 
omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, 
(iii) pursuant to Section 174 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in the case of directors
only, (iv) for any transaction from which such director or officer derived an improper personal benefit,
or (v) for any action by or in the right of the Corporation, in the case of officers only.  If the General
Corporation Law of Delaware is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting
the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated
or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware as so amended.
No amendment to or repeal of this Article IX shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or
alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such
director occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate 
of Incorporation to be executed this __ day of _________, 20__, in its name and on its behalf by its Chief 
Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary pursuant to Section 103 of the General Corporation Law of the State 
of Delaware. 

NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL 
CORPORATION 

______________________________________ 
Matthew C. Wolsfeld 
Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary 

68 

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C.  20549 
______________________________ 
FORM 10-K 

(Mark One) 
   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 
or 

   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from ________________ to __________________ 
Commission file number 001-11038 
____________________ 

NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 
4201 Woodland Road 
P.O. Box 69 
Circle Pines, Minnesota 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

41-0857886 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

55014 
(Zip Code) 

(763) 225-6600 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common stock, par value $0.02 per share 

Trading Symbol(s) 
NTIC 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
Nasdaq Global Market 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES  NO  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES  NO  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to 
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES  NO  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 
405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit 
such files).  YES  NO  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, 
or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth 
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer  

Non-accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company  

Emerging growth company   

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with 

any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal 
control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that 
prepared or issued its audit report.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES  NO  
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock, excluding shares beneficially owned by affiliates, computed by reference to the 
closing sales price at which the common stock was last sold as of February 28, 2022 (the last business day of the registrant’s second fiscal quarter) as 
reported by the Nasdaq Global Market on that date was approximately $121.5 million. 

As of November 15, 2022, 9,366,357 shares of common stock of the registrant were outstanding. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporates by reference information (to the extent specific sections are referred to herein) from the 

registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held January 20, 2023. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K 
FISCAL YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 

TABLE OF CONTENTS  

PART I ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 
BUSINESS ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 
Item 1. 
INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS ............................................................................................... 14 
RISK FACTORS ............................................................................................................................................ 16 
Item 1A. 
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS ......................................................................................................... 36 
Item 1B. 
PROPERTIES ................................................................................................................................................ 36 
Item 2. 
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS .............................................................................................................................. 37 
Item 3. 
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES .................................................................................................................. 37 
Item 4. 

PART II ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 

Page 

Item 5. 

Item 6. 
Item 7. 

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES ........................................................................... 38 
[RESERVED] ................................................................................................................................................. 38 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 
OF OPERATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 39 
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK ............................... 55 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA ............................................................... 56 
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE ......................................................................................................................... 86 
Item 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES .............................................................................................................. 86 
OTHER INFORMATION .............................................................................................................................. 87 
Item 9B. 
DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS .............. 87 
Item 9C. 

Item 7A. 
Item 8. 
Item 9. 

Item 10. 
Item 11. 
Item 12. 

PART III .................................................................................................................................................................................... 88 
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ....................................... 88 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION ................................................................................................................. 88 
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS .................................................................................................... 88 
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE .......................................................................................................................................... 90 
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES ............................................................................... 90 

Item 14. 

Item 13. 

PART IV .................................................................................................................................................................................... 91 
EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES ....................................................................... 91 
FORM 10-K SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 95 

Item 15. 
Item 16.  

_______________ 

This annual report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements that are within the meaning of Section 27A of 
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are subject 
to the safe harbor created by those sections.  For more information, see “Part I.  Item 1.  Business – Forward-Looking 
Statements.” 

As used in this report, references to “NTIC,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us,” unless the context otherwise requires, 
refer to Northern Technologies International Corporation and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, all of 
which are consolidated on NTIC’s consolidated financial statements.   

_______________ 

i 

 
 
As used in this report, references to: (1) “NTIC China” refer to NTIC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in China, NTIC (Shanghai) 
Co., Ltd.; (2) “NTI Europe” refer to NTIC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Germany, NTIC Europe GmbH; (3) “Zerust 
Mexico” refer to NTIC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Mexico, ZERUST-EXCOR MEXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V.; (4) “Zerust 
India” refer to NTIC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in India effective as of September 1, 2021, HNTI Limited (formerly Harita-
NTI Limited); (5) “Zerust Brazil” refer to NTIC’s majority-owned Brazilian subsidiary, Zerust Prevenção de Corrosão S.A.; 
(6) “Natur-Tec India” refer to NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in India, Natur-Tec India Private Limited; (7) “Natur Tec 
Lanka” refer to NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in Sri Lanka, Natur Tec Lanka (Pvt) Ltd and (8) “NTI Asean” refer to 
NTIC’s majority-owned holding company subsidiary, NTI Asean LLC, which holds investments in certain entities that operate 
in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. 

NTIC’s consolidated financial statements do not include the accounts of any of its joint ventures.  Except as otherwise 
indicated, references in this report to NTIC’s joint ventures do not include any of NTIC’s wholly-owned or majority-owned 
subsidiaries. 

As used in this report, references to “EXCOR” refer to NTIC’s joint venture in Germany, Excor Korrosionsschutz – 
Technologien und Produkte GmbH. 

All trademarks, trade names, or service marks referred to in this report are the property of their respective owners. 

ii 

Item 1. 

BUSINESS 

Overview 

PART I 

Northern Technologies International Corporation (NTIC) develops and markets proprietary, environmentally beneficial 
products and services in over 65 countries either directly or via a network of subsidiaries, joint ventures, independent 
distributors, and agents.  NTIC’s primary business is corrosion prevention products and services, marketed mainly 
under the ZERUST® brand.  NTIC has been selling its proprietary ZERUST® products and services to the automotive, 
electronics, electrical, mechanical, military, and retail consumer markets for almost 50 years and, more recently,  has 
also expanded into the oil and gas industry.  Additionally, NTIC markets and sells a portfolio of proprietary bio-based 
and certified compostable (fully biodegradable) polymer resin compounds and finished products under the Natur-Tec® 
brand.  These products are intended to reduce NTIC’s customers’ carbon footprint and provide environmentally sound 
waste disposal options.   

NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products include plastic and paper packaging, liquids, coatings, rust 
removers, cleaners, and diffusers as well as engineered solutions designed specifically for the oil and gas industry. 
NTIC also offers worldwide, on-site, technical consulting for rust and corrosion prevention issues. NTIC’s technical 
service consultants work directly with the end users of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products to 
analyze their specific needs and develop systems to meet their performance requirements. In North America, NTIC sells 
its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions through a network of independent distributors and agents supported by a 
direct sales force.   

Internationally, NTIC sells its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions through its wholly-owned subsidiary in China, 
NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (NTIC China), starting September 1, 2021 its wholly-owned subsidiary in India, HNTI Ltd. 
(Zerust India), its majority-owned joint venture holding company for NTIC’s joint venture investments in the 
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, NTI Asean LLC (NTI Asean), certain majority-owned and 
wholly-owned subsidiaries, and joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, and Asia. NTIC also sells 
products directly to its European joint venture partners through its wholly-owned subsidiary in Germany, NTIC Europe 
GmbH (NTI Europe). 

One of NTIC’s strategic initiatives is to expand into and penetrate other markets for its ZERUST® corrosion prevention 
technologies. Consequently, for the past several years, NTIC has focused significant sales and marketing efforts on the 
oil and gas industry, as the infrastructure that supports that industry is typically constructed using metals that are highly 
susceptible to corrosion. NTIC believes that its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions will minimize maintenance 
downtime on critical oil and gas industry infrastructure, extend the life of such infrastructure, and reduce the risk of 
environmental pollution due to leaks caused by corrosion.  

NTIC markets and sells its ZERUST® rust and corrosion prevention solutions to customers in the oil and gas industry 
across several countries either directly, through its subsidiaries, or through its joint venture partners and other strategic 
partners. The sale of ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions to customers in the oil and gas industry typically 
involves long sales cycles, often including multi-year trial periods with each customer and a slow integration process 
thereafter. 

Natur-Tec® bio-based and compostable plastics are manufactured using NTIC’s patented and/or proprietary 
technologies and are intended to replace conventional petroleum-based plastics.  The Natur-Tec® biopolymer resin 
compound portfolio includes formulations that have been optimized for a variety of applications, including blown-film 
extrusion, extrusion coating, injection molding, and engineered plastics.  These resin compounds are certified to be fully 
biodegradable in a commercial composting environment and are currently being used to produce finished products, 
including can liners, shopping and grocery bags, lawn and leaf bags, branded apparel packaging bags and accessories, 
and various foodservice items, such as disposable cutlery, drinking straws, food-handling gloves, and coated paper 
products.  In North America, NTIC markets its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products primarily through a 
network of regional and national distributors as well as independent agents.  NTIC continues to see significant 
opportunities for finished bioplastic products and, therefore, continues to strengthen and expand its North American 
distribution network for finished Natur-Tec® bioplastic products.   

1 

 
Internationally, NTIC sells its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products both directly and through its wholly-
owned subsidiary in China and majority-owned subsidiaries in India and Sri Lanka, and through distributors and certain 
joint ventures. 

Acquisition of Zerust India 

On September 21, 2021, NTIC announced that it acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest in its Indian joint 
venture, Zerust India, for $6,250,000 in cash, effective as of September 1, 2021. As a result of the acquisition of Zerust 
India, NTIC’s revenues and operating expenses increased and its equity in income from joint ventures decreased during 
fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021. See Note 3 to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements for a discussion of 
Zerust India. 

NTIC’s Subsidiaries and Joint Venture Network 

NTIC has ownership interests in 10 operating subsidiaries in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.  The 
following table sets forth a list of NTIC’s operating subsidiaries as of November 14, 2022, the country in which the 
subsidiary is organized, and NTIC’s ownership percentage in each subsidiary: 

Subsidiary Name 

HNTI Limited 
Natur Tec Lanka (Pvt) Ltd  
Natur-Tec India Private Limited 
NTI Asean LLC 
NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd 
NTIC Europe GmbH 
Zerust Prevenção de Corrosão S.A. 
Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd 
Zerust Vietnam Co. Ltd 
ZERUST-EXCOR MEXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V. 
____________________ 

Country 

India 
Sri Lanka(1) 
India 
United States 
China 
Germany 
Brazil 
Singapore(2) 
Vietnam(3) 
Mexico 

NTIC 
Percent (%) 
Ownership 

100% 
75% 
75% 
60% 
100% 
100% 
85% 
60% 
60% 
100% 

(1)  Natur Tec Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. is 100% owned by Natur-Tec India Private Limited and, therefore, indirectly owned by 

NTIC. 

(2)  Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd is 100% owned by NTI Asean LLC and, therefore, indirectly owned by NTIC. 
(3)  Zerust Vietnam Co. Ltd is 100% owned by Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd and, therefore, indirectly owned by NTIC. 

The results of these subsidiaries are fully consolidated in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements, except that HNTI 
Limited only became a wholly owned subsidiary as of September 1, 2021; and therefore, its results of operations are not 
included in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2021 included in this report as the investment and 
financial results of this joint venture are consolidated utilizing the equity method of accounting.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTIC participates in 16 active joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, and Asia.  Each of these joint 
ventures generally manufactures and markets products in the geographic territory to which it is assigned.  While most of 
NTIC’s joint ventures exclusively sell rust and corrosion inhibiting products, some of the joint ventures also sell NTIC’s 
Natur-Tec® resin compounds.  NTIC has historically funded its investments in joint ventures with cash generated from 
operations. The following table sets forth a list of NTIC’s operating joint ventures as of November 14, 2022, the country 
in which the joint venture is organized, and NTIC’s ownership percentage in each joint venture: 

Joint Venture Name 

ACOBAL SAS 
CHONG WAH-NTIA SDN. BHD. 
EXCOR KORROSIONSSCHUTZ – TECHNOLOGIEN           
….UND PRODUKTE GMBH 
EXCOR SP. Z.O.O. 
EXCOR-ZERUST S.R.O. 
KOREA ZERUST CO., LTD. 
PT. CHEMINDO – NTIA 
TAIYONIC LTD. 
ZERUST – DNEPR 
ZERUST (U.K.) LTD. 
ZERUST A.Ş. 
ZERUST AB 
ZERUST CONSUMER PRODUCTS, LLC 
ZERUST OY 
ZERUST SPECIALTY TECH CO. LTD. 
ZERUST-NIC (TAIWAN) CORP. 
____________________ 

(1)  Indirect ownership interest through NTI Asean. 

Country 
France 
Malaysia (1) 

Germany 

Poland 
Czech Republic 
South Korea (1) 
Indonesia (1) 
Japan 
Ukraine 
United Kingdom 
Turkey 
Sweden 
United States 
Finland 
Thailand (1) 
Taiwan (1) 

NTIC 
Percent (%) 
Ownership 
50% 
30% 

50% 

50% 
50% 
30% 
30% 
50% 
50% 
50% 
50% 
50% 
50% 
50% 
30% 
30% 

In connection with the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, we terminated our Russian joint venture, Mostnic-
Zerust, in May 2022, and believe this will not have an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition, 
given the immateriality of this entity.  

NTIC receives funds from its joint ventures as fees received for services that NTIC provides to its joint ventures and as 
dividend distributions.  The fees for services provided to joint ventures are determined based on either a flat fee or a 
percentage of sales depending on local laws and tax regulations.  With respect to NTIC’s joint venture in Germany 
(EXCOR), NTIC recognizes an agreed upon quarterly fee for services. NTIC recognizes equity income from each joint 
venture based on the overall profitability of the joint venture.  Such profitability is subject to variability from quarter to 
quarter, which, in turn, subjects NTIC’s earnings to variability from quarter to quarter.  The profits of each joint venture 
are shared by the respective joint venture owners in accordance with their respective ownership percentages.  NTIC 
typically directly or indirectly owns 50% or less of each of its joint venture entities and, thus, does not control the 
decisions of these entities regarding whether dividends are paid and, if so, what amount is paid in a given year. The 
payment of a dividend by an entity is determined by a joint vote of the owners and is not at the sole discretion of NTIC. 

NTIC accounts for the investments and financial results of its joint ventures in its consolidated financial statements 
utilizing the equity method of accounting. NTIC considers EXCOR to be individually significant to NTIC’s 
consolidated assets and income as of August 31, 2022 and 2021.  Therefore, NTIC provides certain additional 
information regarding this joint venture in the notes to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements and in this section of 
this report. For more information regarding NTIC’s joint ventures and their effect on NTIC’s operating results, see 
NTIC’s consolidated financial statements in “Part II. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Part 
II.  Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this report.  

3 

 
 
 
 
Products 

NTIC derives revenues directly and/or indirectly through its subsidiaries and joint ventures from two reportable 
business segments based on products sold, customer base, and distribution center:  ZERUST® corrosion prevention 
solutions and Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products. 

ZERUST® Corrosion Prevention Solutions.  In fiscal 2022, 77.5% of NTIC’s consolidated net sales were derived from 
developing, manufacturing and marketing ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services.  NTIC’s 
consolidated net sales in fiscal 2022 included $57,459,382 in sales of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products 
and services, an increase of 26.1% from such sales in fiscal 2021.  Corrosion not only damages the appearance of metal 
products and components but also negatively impacts their mechanical performance.  This applies to the rusting of 
ferrous metals (iron and steel) and the deterioration by oxidation of nonferrous metals (aluminum, copper, brass, 
etc.).  NTIC’s ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions include plastic and paper packaging, powders, liquids, 
coatings, rust removers, cleaners, diffusers, and engineered solutions for the oil and gas industry as well as technical 
corrosion management and consulting services. 

Plastic and Paper Packaging.  NTIC’s ZERUST® packaging products contain proprietary chemical formulations that 
continuously release an invisible, odorless and non-toxic vapor that forms a passivating layer on any metal surfaces it 
comes in contact with and thereby inhibits rust and corrosion.  The corrosion inhibiting protection is maintained only as 
long as the metal products to be protected remain enclosed within the ZERUST® packaging.  Electron scanning shows 
that once metal products are removed from the ZERUST® packaging, the ZERUST® protective layer dissipates from the 
contents’ surfaces within two hours, leaving a clean, dry, and corrosion-free metal component.  This mechanism of 
corrosion protection enables NTIC’s customers to easily package metal objects for rust-free shipment and/or long-term 
storage.  Furthermore, by eliminating costly greasing and degreasing processes and/or significantly reducing the use of 
certain coatings to inhibit corrosion, NTIC’s ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions provide customers significant 
savings as compared to traditional methods of corrosion prevention in terms of labor, material, and capital expenditures 
for equipment to apply, remove, and dispose of oils and greases, as well as environmental, health and safety benefits 
provided by not having to handle and work with hazardous chemicals. 

NTIC was first in the world to develop the means of infusing volatile corrosion inhibiting chemical compounds (VCIs) 
into polyethylene and polypropylene resins.  Combining ZERUST® chemical compounds with polyethylene and 
polypropylene resins permitted NTIC to introduce a line of plastic packaging products in the form of low and high-
density polyethylene bags and shroud film, including stretch, shrink, skin, and bubble cushioning film, thereby giving 
customers the ability to ship and store ferrous, nonferrous, and mixed-metal products in a clean, dry, and corrosion-free 
condition, at an overall savings in total process costs.  In addition to plastic packaging, NTIC has also developed VCI 
compounds to imbue kraft paper, corrugated cardboard, solid fiber, and chipboard packaging materials with corrosion 
protection properties.  NTIC’s ZERUST® plastic and paper packaging products come in various thicknesses, strength 
enhancements, protection types, shapes, and sizes.  This product line also includes items such as ZERUST® gun cases, 
car covers, and tool-drawer liners, which are targeted at retail consumers. 

Liquids and Coatings.  NTIC’s corrosion prevention solutions include a line of metal surface treatment liquids and 
coatings, which are oil, water, or bio-solvent based, and are marketed under brand names including Axxatec™, 
Axxanol™, and Z-Maxx™.  These liquids and coatings provide powerful protection in aggressively corrosive 
environments, such as salt air, high humidity, and/or high temperatures.  Products are formulated for most metal types 
and protection levels.  For exceptionally harsh environments, customers may choose to use a combination of NTIC’s 
liquids and coatings with ZERUST® plastic and/or paper products to achieve robust corrosion protection during 
manufacturing, shipping, and warehousing stages. 

Rust Removers and Cleaners.  NTIC also sells rust removal and cleaning products, under the Axxaclean™ brand name, 
designed to restore rusty parts to a usable condition without the use of labor-intensive, abrasive cleaners that damage 
surfaces and commonly fail to remove rust from complex metal surfaces, like the teeth of small gears. 

Diffusers.  NTIC’s corrosion prevention solutions include a line of corrosion inhibiting vapor diffusers, such as 
ZERUST® ActivPak®, ZERUST® ICT® Vapor Capsules, ZERUST® ICT® Plastabs®, ZERUST® ICT® Cor-Tabs®, 
ZERUST® ICT® Pipe Strip, and ZERUST® ICT® Tube Strip.  These diffusers are designed to protect metals within 
enclosures, like switch gearboxes and electronics cabinets, or can be used as extra protection when added to ZERUST® 
packaging products.  Diffusers work by permeating the interior air of an enclosure with an invisible and odorless 

4 

 
corrosion inhibiting vapor that settles as a protective layer on all metal surfaces that are within the range of a specific 
“radius of protection” for a period of one or two years depending on the product model.  This invisible and dry 
protective layer revaporizes and dissipates into the air upon removal of a diffuser from an enclosure, leaving all surfaces 
clean, dry, residue-free, and corrosion-free.   

Z-CIS® Technical Services.  As an on-going effort to help NTIC’s customers improve and control their corrosion 
management processes, NTIC markets and offers unique corrosion management and consulting services to target 
customers.  This ZERUST® corrosion inhibition system (known as Z-CIS®) leverages NTIC’s global network to 
dispatch highly-trained technical service engineers to customer sites to solve complex corrosion problems.  Several 
major automotive companies and their automotive parts suppliers have used NTIC’s Z-CIS® system. 

ZERUST® Corrosion Prevention Solutions Designed Specifically for the Oil and Gas Industry.  NTIC has developed 
proprietary engineered corrosion inhibiting solutions specifically to mitigate the types of corrosion that commonly form  
on the capital assets used in the petroleum and chemical process industries and has targeted the sale of these ZERUST® 
corrosion solutions to potential customers in the oil and gas industry.  NTIC’s consolidated net sales in fiscal 2022 
included $4,608,232 in sales made to customers in the oil and gas industry, an increase of 21.5% from such sales in 
fiscal 2021.  On September 19, 2022, NTIC announced the signing of an initial contract with BP Exploration (Caspian 
Sea) Limited p.l.c. to supply chemical corrosion protection services for 12 storage tanks through December 2025, 
representing the largest contract to date for oil and gas storage tank solutions.  While NTIC believes this shows 
increased acceptance of corrosion solutions for the oil and gas industry, NTIC anticipates that its sales of ZERUST® 
products and services into the oil and gas industry will continue to remain subject to significant volatility, specifically 
due to economic factors, such as potential crude oil price changes and global supply/demand churn. NTIC anticipates 
that its sales of ZERUST® products and services into the oil and gas industry may be subject to additional volatility due 
to uncertainty caused by certain environmental policies and priorities of the current administration.  Demand for 
ZERUST® oil and gas products around the world depends primarily on market acceptance and the reach of NTIC’s 
distribution network.  Because of the typical size of individual orders and overall size of NTIC’s net sales derived from 
sales of oil and gas products, the timing of one or more orders can materially affect NTIC’s sales compared to prior 
fiscal year period sales.  Projects in South America, Europe, the Middle East, and South East Asia are still a small but 
growing, strategically important part of the sales growth picture.   

The infrastructure/assets that support the oil and gas industry are predominantly constructed using metals that are highly 
susceptible to corrosion. The industrial environment at these facilities usually contains compounds, including sulfides 
and chlorides, which cause aggressive corrosion.  This problem affects the service life and safety of pipelines, 
petroleum storage tanks, spare parts in long-term storage, coastal/offshore assets, and other critical equipment. In 
addition to the costs associated with the replacement of parts and structures, maintenance and repairs, and product loss, 
there are significant economic losses associated with critical infrastructure being down for repair and 
maintenance.  Furthermore, there are also considerable health, safety, and environmental risks caused by corrosion that 
can greatly increase economic losses.  While the industry predominantly uses various paints/coatings, engineered alloys, 
cathodic protection, etc. to mitigate corrosion, there are several situations where such options are not feasible and, in 
many such cases, NTIC believes that its ZERUST® oil and gas corrosion prevention solutions are more effective at 
minimizing maintenance downtime on critical oil and gas industry infrastructure, extend the life of such infrastructure, 
and reduce the risk of environmental pollution due to leaks caused by corrosion. 

NTIC’s rust and corrosion inhibiting products for the oil and gas industry include ZERUST® Flange Savers®, ZERUST® 
ReCAST-SSB solutions, and ZERUST® chemicals, including Zerion powders and gels, in addition to many of the 
standard industrial ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products previously described. 

ZERUST® Flange Savers® are specially designed covers that have been impregnated with a proprietary ZERUST® 
inhibitor formulation to provide corrosion protection for flanges, valves, and welded joints.  Oil and gas pipeline 
segments are connected by flanges and welded joints of varying sizes, designs, and materials.  These connection points 
often corrode under aggressive industrial environments and harsh operating conditions, thereby causing costly 
maintenance, operational, and safety problems.  ZERUST® Flange Savers® are available in various sizes to 
accommodate different pipe diameters, pressure ratings, and international standards for pipeline valves and flanges. 

ZERUST® ReCAST-SSB solutions protect the Soil Side Bottoms (SSB) of aboveground storage tanks through a variety 
of unique and highly effective delivery systems designed by the Zerust Oil & Gas team to deliver proprietary Zerion 
FVS corrosion inhibitor to spaces under tank bottoms that are susceptible to significant corrosion.  Tank bottoms are 

5 

 
typically made of steel plates, which are in direct contact with a foundation surface that may be concrete, sand/soil, or 
asphalt/bitumen.  It is typically not possible to protect this underside surface with traditional coatings.  Cathodic 
protection (CP) systems can only provide partial protection, but also have significant limitations that cause failures well 
ahead of the expected service life of a tank. The ZERUST® solutions provide effective protection even to areas that 
cannot be addressed with CP.  These are engineered solutions where each system is tailored to a customer’s 
requirements depending on factors including the tank foundation design, specific environmental conditions, and tank 
diameter.  

ZERUST® Zerion powder-based inhibitor solutions include the following: 

•  Zerion FVS is a unique inhibitor blend that is used in both the SSB Solutions and in internal pipeline 

protection.  This “best-in-class” product has been successfully deployed at multiple client sites in North and 
South America, Europe, the Middle East, India as well as other parts of Asia.  

•  Zerion FAN-5 is a lower cost inhibitor that is very effective at protecting metals upon contact. It can be used to 
treat large volumes of water that may be used for hydrotesting.  In combination with Zerion FVS, it offers a 
more complete solution for the protection of pipelines. 

•  AutoFog is a revolutionary product that allows for the quick VCI saturation of large volume spaces without the 
need for mechanical “fogging” equipment.  This rapid self-diffusing capability is designed for sealed void 
spaces, protection of large/complex assets like heat exchangers, and heater-treaters.  

Natur-Tec® Resin Compounds and Finished Products.  NTIC manufactures and sells a broad range of bioplastic 
packaging solutions, including bio-based and certified compostable (fully biodegradable) polymer resin compounds, 
and finished products under the Natur-Tec® brand.  NTIC’s consolidated net sales in fiscal 2022 included $16,699,508 
in sales of Natur-Tec® resins and finished products, an increase of 52.7% compared to sales in fiscal 2021.  Market 
drivers such as volatile petroleum prices, reduced dependence on foreign oil, reduced carbon footprints, requirements by 
multinational brands for sustainable packaging solutions that meet Circular Economy and environmentally responsible 
end-of-life disposal mandates, and concerns about plastic residue in the environment have led to heightened interest in 
using sustainable, bio-based and renewable plant-biomass resources for the manufacture of plastics and industrial 
products.  Plastics that are fully biodegradable in commercial composting or anaerobic digestor systems allow the safe 
and effective conversion of these plastics to carbon dioxide, water, and fertilizer at the end of their service 
life.  Increased environmental and sustainability awareness at the corporate and consumer level, improved technical 
properties and product functionality, as well as recent foreign, state, and local governmental regulations banning the use 
of conventional plastics or mandating the use of certain biodegradable or compostable products, including regulations in 
China, India and California, have also fueled this interest in bio-based and biodegradable-compostable plastics.  The 
term “bio-plastics” encompasses a broad category of plastics that are either bio-based, which means derived from 
renewable resources such as corn or cellulosic/plant material or blends thereof, or are engineered to be fully 
commercially compostable, or both.  

Natur-Tec® resins and finished products sales in North America and finished product sales at NTIC’s majority-owned 
subsidiary in India and at NTIC’s subsidiary in China, experienced reduced demand globally as a result of the COVID-
19 pandemic.  The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on demand from many large users of bioplastics, 
including college campuses, stadiums, arenas, restaurants, and corporate office complexes.  Additionally, demand for 
apparel packaging solutions was impacted by ongoing COVID- related lockdowns and supply-chain bottlenecks in Asia.  
In fiscal 2022, NTIC experienced a significant recovery in many of these areas to pre-pandemic levels, but still expects 
some of these customers will be the last businesses to fully re-open and operate at full pre-pandemic capacities, and 
accordingly, anticipates that the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to adversely affect sales of Natur-Tec® products 
into fiscal 2023. 

Resin Compounds.  Natur-Tec® resin compounds are produced by blending commonly available base resins, such as 
Ecoflex® from BASF, Ingeo® PLA from NatureWorks LLC, and Luminy® from Total-Corbion with organic and 
inorganic fillers and proprietary polymer modifiers and compatibilizers using NTIC’s proprietary and patented ReX 
Process.  In this process, biodegradable polymers, natural polymers made from renewable, plant-biomass resources, and 
organic and inorganic materials are reactively blended in the presence of proprietary compatibilizers and polymer 
modifiers to produce bio-based and/or compostable polymer resin formulations that exhibit unique and stable 
morphology.  Natur-Tec® resin compounds are engineered for high performance, ease of processing, and reduced cost 

6 

 
compared to most other bio-plastic materials and can be processed by converters using conventional plastic 
manufacturing processes and equipment.    

Natur-Tec® resin compounds are sold in several grades tailored for a variety of applications, such as blown-film 
extrusion, profile extrusion, thermoforming, extrusion coating, and injection molding.   

Natur-Tec® flexible film resin compounds are fully commercially compostable and meet the requirements of 
international standards for compostable plastics, such as ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) D6400 
(U.S.), EN 13432 (European standards for products and services by European Committee for Standardization), and ISO 
(International Organization for Standardization) 17088, and are certified as 100% compostable by organizations 
including the BPI (Biodegradable Products Institute) in the United States and TÜV Austria in Europe.  Natur-Tec® film 
resin compounds can be used to produce film for applications, such as bags, including compost bags, lawn and leaf 
bags, carry-out bags, agricultural film, and consumer and industrial packaging.  Natur-Tec® film resin compounds are 
also used to produce bags and covers for branded apparel packaging and to manufacture specialty foodservice items, 
such as compostable drinking straws, thermoformed lids and disposable food-handling gloves.   

The Natur-Tec® compostable extrusion coating resin compounds are bio-based and biodegradable and are designed to 
replace conventional plastic materials for extrusion coating applications.  Natur-Tec® extrusion coating resin 
compounds are manufactured using sustainable and renewable resources, per the ASTM D6866 standard, which allows 
companies and consumers the opportunity to reduce or neutralize their carbon footprint and are designed to meet the 
requirements of international standards for compostable plastics, such as ASTM D6400.  Natur-Tec® extrusion coating 
resin compounds provide good adhesion to paper, an excellent print surface, and good heat seal strength and the coating 
material is suitable for food contact applications, including both hot and cold applications.  Natur-Tec® extrusion 
coating resin compounds can be used for coating paper and paperboards for the manufacture of disposable cups, plates, 
and other foodservice items. 

The Natur-Tec® compostable injection molding resin compounds are bio-based and compostable and are designed to 
replace conventional plastic materials for injection molded plastic applications.  Natur-Tec® compostable injection 
molding resin compounds are manufactured using sustainable and renewable resources, per the ASTM D6866 standard, 
and are designed to meet the requirements of international standards for compostable plastics, such as ASTM D6400 
and EN 13432.  Natur-Tec® compostable injection molding resin compounds can be used for injection molded plastic 
applications, such as cutlery, pens, hangers, containers, and packaging.  Natur-Tec® bio-based injection molding resin 
compounds are made with at least 90% bio-based/renewable resource-based materials, per the ASTM D6866 standard, 
and are meant to enhance sustainability by replacing petroleum-based plastics.  Natur-Tec® bio-based injection molding 
resin compounds exhibit the same properties as conventional plastic materials and can be used in applications such as 
automotive components, consumer goods, electronics, medical products, furniture, and packaging. 

Finished Products.  Natur-Tec® finished products include totally biodegradable and compostable trash bags, 
agricultural film, and other single-use disposable products, such as food and consumer goods packaging currently 
marketed under the Natur-Bag® brand. The Natur-Bag® product line offers 15 different compostable trash bag sizes, 
from 3-gallon to 96-gallon, as well as shopper bags, produce bags and gloves.  The bags are available in various SKU 
configurations, including retail packs that are sold to the consumer either through retail outlets or through online stores 
and industrial case packs that are sold to commercial and industrial customers primarily through wholesalers and 
distributors.  The Natur-Bag® products are manufactured from the Natur-Tec® flexible film resin compounds and thus 
are fully biodegradable and compostable. These products are certified fully commercially compostable and carry the 
BPI Compostable logo in the United States and the TÜV Austria OK Compost logo in Europe.  Furthermore, these 
products were also independently tested and approved for use in organic waste diversion systems by Cedar Grove, one 
of the largest compost operators in the United States. 

Sales, Marketing, and Distribution 

ZERUST® Corrosion Prevention Solutions.  In the United States, NTIC markets its ZERUST® rust and corrosion 
inhibiting products and services, including its products designed for the oil and gas industry, principally to industrial 
users in the automotive, electronics, electrical, mechanical, military, retail consumer, and oil and gas markets by a direct 
sales force and through a network of independent distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and strategic 
partners.  Prior to placing an order, NTIC’s technical service consultants work directly with the end users of NTIC’s 

7 

 
ZERUST® products to analyze their specific corrosion prevention needs and develop systems to meet their performance 
requirements.   

Internationally, NTIC has entered into a series of joint ventures with foreign partners (either directly or through a 
holding company).  NTIC receives fees for providing technical support, marketing assistance, and other services to its 
joint ventures based primarily on the net sales of the individual joint ventures in accordance with the terms of the joint 
venture arrangements.  Such services include consulting, legal, insurance, technical, and marketing services.  

In China, NTIC sells its products and services through NTIC China.  NTIC has wholly-owned or majority-owned 
subsidiaries to conduct its business in Brazil, Mexico, Vietnam and Singapore. In addition, effective as of September 1, 
2021, NTIC purchased the remaining 50% ownership interest in its Indian joint venture, HNTI Limited, and has 
continued selling its ZERUST products in India through this wholly-owned subsidiary. 

With respect to the sales and marketing of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services to the oil and 
gas industry, NTIC uses a combination of direct sales personnel, independent sales agents, and its joint venture network.  
In addition, in an attempt to penetrate the oil and gas industry within certain markets more quickly, NTIC has entered 
into various agreements with specific organizations that have existing long-term relationships with key oil and gas 
industry clients.  NTIC also engages in certain direct marketing activities to build its brand within the oil and gas 
industry, such as traditional advertising and direct mail campaigns and presence and participation at selected key trade 
shows and technical forums.  Additionally, NTIC has worked to adapt its marketing activities in light of the COVID-19 
pandemic.  NTIC continues to believe the sale of its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions to customers in the oil 
and gas industry will involve long sales cycles, likely including multi-year trial periods with each user and a slow 
integration process thereafter.    

Natur-Tec® Resin Compounds and Finished Products.  In the United States, NTIC markets its Natur-Tec® resin 
compounds and finished products through a network of national and regional distributors and independent 
manufacturer’s sales representatives and two NTIC direct sales employees as of August 31, 2022.  Target customers for 
Natur-Tec® finished products include individual consumers as well as commercial and institutional organizations, such 
as corporations and government agencies, and educational organizations, such as universities and school districts. NTIC 
is also targeting key national and regional retailers utilizing independent sales agents.  Target customers for Natur-Tec® 
resin compounds include plastics converters and foodservice ware brands that would purchase Natur-Tec® resin 
compounds to manufacture and sell their own finished bio-based and compostable end products, such as film, bags, and 
cutlery.  Additionally, NTIC has targeted retailers and customers that may have applications for our products related to 
the COVID-19 pandemic. In June 2022, the State of California passed a law intended to reduce single-use plastics. 
Notably, the bill provides that, by 2032, all packaging must be recyclable or compostable. Accordingly, NTIC expects 
the market in California for bio-plastic packaging solutions to grow substantially in the coming decade. 

Internationally, NTIC uses Natur-Tec India, Natur Tec Lanka, NTIC China and a network of international distributors to 
market its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products.  The government of India recently announced a phased 
ban on the manufacture and sale of single-use plastics beginning in July 2022.  The first phase bans earbuds and plastic 
sticks used in balloons and ice cream. The second phase bans plastic cigarette packets and plastic bags less than 100 
microns thick. Notably, compostable plastics are exempt from this ban.  Accordingly, NTIC expects the market in India 
for bio-plastic packaging solutions to continue to grow substantially.  Similarly, despite slower than anticipated sales of 
Natur-Tec® products in China due to ongoing restrictions and shutdowns related to the COVID-19 pandemic, NTIC 
anticipates that sales will grow in China in fiscal 2023 in connection with China’s ban on single-use plastic utensils, 
bags and certain other single-use plastic items, which took effect in January 2021.  

NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products are produced at facilities in India, China, Malaysia, and the 
United States.  NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds can be shipped to manufacturing facilities around the world, where 
they then can be converted into finished products, such as film or piece of cutlery.  NTIC’s Natur-Tec® finished 
products are manufactured using NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds by select sub-contractors.   

Competition 

ZERUST® Corrosion Prevention Solutions.  While NTIC is unaware of any third parties with which NTIC competes 
on a worldwide basis with respect to its corrosion prevention solutions, NTIC does compete with several third parties on 
a regional basis.  NTIC evaluates competing rust and corrosion inhibiting products on an ongoing basis.  Some of 

8 

 
NTIC’s competitors are established companies that may have financial resources, marketing capabilities, distribution 
networks and other resources substantially greater than those of NTIC.  As a result, they may be able to adapt more 
quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or to devote greater resources to the 
promotion and sale of their products than NTIC.  With respect to its rust and corrosion inhibiting products, NTIC 
competes on the basis of product innovation, quality, reliability, product support, customer service, reputation, and 
price.  Some of NTIC’s competitors may have achieved significant market acceptance of their competing products and 
brand recognition.  NTIC, however, believes it has an advantage over most of its competitors as a result of NTIC’s 
technical innovation and its value-added services.  NTIC attempts to provide its customers with the highest level of 
technical service and applications engineering in addition to ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products.  
Nonetheless, the commoditization of certain of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products has led, and 
may continue to lead, to lower prices and lower margins on such products.  In addition, because certain barriers to entry 
are low, additional competitors may emerge, which likely would lead to the further commoditization of NTIC’s rust and 
corrosion inhibiting products. 

With respect to the sales and marketing of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services to the oil and 
gas industry, NTIC uses a combination of direct sales personnel, independent sales agents, and its joint venture 
network.  In addition, in an attempt to penetrate the oil and gas industry within certain markets more quickly, NTIC has 
entered into various agreements with specific organizations that have existing long-term relationships with key oil and 
gas industry clients.  NTIC also engages in certain direct marketing activities to build its brand within the oil and gas 
industry, such as traditional advertising and direct mail campaigns and presence and participation at selected key trade 
shows and technical forums.  NTIC continues to believe the sale of its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions to 
customers in the oil and gas industry will involve long sales cycles, likely including multi-year trial periods with each 
user and a slow integration process thereafter.    

Natur-Tec® Resin Compounds and Finished Products.  With respect to NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and 
finished products, NTIC competes with several established companies that have been producing and selling similar 
products for a significantly longer time period and have significantly more sales, more extensive and effective 
distribution networks, and better brand recognition than NTIC.  Most of these companies also have substantially more 
financial and other resources than NTIC.  NTIC competes on the basis of performance, brand awareness, distribution 
network, product availability, product offering, improved shelf life, place of manufacture, and price.  Because of price 
competition, NTIC’s margins on its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products are lower than its margins on its 
ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions.  NTIC also has encountered in the past and could continue to encounter 
additional supply constraints for the base polymer resins used to manufacture NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and 
finished products since there are a limited number of suppliers of such base polymer resins and limited capacity for their 
production.  

Research and Development 

NTIC’s research and development activities are directed at improving existing products, developing new products, 
reducing costs, and improving quality assurance through improved testing of NTIC’s products.  NTIC’s internal 
research and development activities are conducted at its facilities located in Circle Pines, Minnesota; Beachwood, Ohio; 
and Dresden, Germany under the direction of internationally known scientists and research institutes under exclusive 
contract with NTIC with respect to the subject of their respective research efforts.  EXCOR has established a wholly-
owned subsidiary, Excor Korrosionsforschung GmbH, to conduct research into new fields of corrosion inhibiting 
packaging and the applications engineering of such products in conjunction with NTIC’s domestic research and 
development operations.  With respect to NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products, Ramani Narayan, 
Ph.D., a current director of NTIC and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials 
Science at Michigan State University, provides his expertise and technical support to NTIC.   

NTIC anticipates that it will spend between $4,400,000 and $4,800,000 in fiscal 2023 on research and development 
activities.  

Intellectual Property Rights 

NTIC’s success depends and will continue to depend in part upon its ability to maintain patent and trademark protection 
for its products and processes, to preserve its proprietary information and trade secrets, and to operate without infringing 
the proprietary rights of third parties.  NTIC’s policy is to attempt to protect its technology by, among other things, 

9 

 
filing patent applications and trademark applications and vigorously preserving the trade secrets covering its technology 
and other intellectual property rights. 

In 1980, NTIC developed and patented the first polyolefin (plastic) based industrial corrosion inhibiting packing 
material in the world.  The U.S. patent granted under this patent application became the most important intellectual 
property right in NTIC’s history.  This patent expired in 2000.  NTIC has since filed for 12 letters of patent in the 
United States covering various corrosion inhibiting technologies, systems, and applications and now owns several 
patents in these areas.  These patents and patent applications have been extended to the countries of strategic relevance 
to NTIC, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe, Japan, India, Korea, Mexico, Russia, and Taiwan.  In 
addition, EXCOR owns several patents in the area covering various corrosion inhibiting technologies and has also 
applied for new patents on proprietary new corrosion inhibiting technologies.  NTIC is also seeking additional patent 
protection covering various host materials into which its corrosion inhibiting additives and other protective features can 
be incorporated, proprietary new process technologies, and chemical formulations outside the area of corrosion 
protection.  NTIC owns several patents outside the area of corrosion protection both in the United States and in 
countries of strategic relevance to NTIC, including the above-noted countries.    

In addition to seeking patent protection, NTIC maintains an extensive portfolio of trademarks in countries where NTIC 
has a presence directly or through its subsidiaries and joint ventures.  NTIC continuously pursues new trademark 
applications of strategic interest worldwide.  NTIC owns the following U.S. registered trademarks: NTI®, NTI & Globe 
Design®, ZERUST®, EXCOR®, ICT®, Z-CIS®, COR TAB®, PLASTABS®, NATUR-TEC®, NATUR-TEC & Design®, 
NATUR-BAG® and NATUR-WARE®, ZERION®, AUTOFOG®, FLANGE SAVER®, and ACTIVPAK®.  NTIC also 
has a registered trademark on the use of the Color Yellow with respect to corrosion inhibiting packaging.  Furthermore, 
NTI®, ZERUST®, EXCOR®, the Color Yellow®, and NTI ASEAN®, as well as other marks, have been registered in the 
European Union, and several new applications are pending. 

NTIC requires its employees, consultants, and advisors with access to its confidential information, including trade 
secrets, to execute confidentiality agreements upon commencement of their employment or consulting relationships 
with NTIC.  These agreements generally provide that all confidential information NTIC develops or makes known to 
the individual during the course of the individual’s employment or consulting relationship with NTIC must be kept 
confidential by the individual and not disclosed to any third parties.  NTIC also requires all of its employees and 
consultants who perform research and development for NTIC to execute agreements that generally provide that all 
inventions developed by these individuals during their employment or service arrangement with NTIC will fall under 
NTIC’s proprietary intellectual property rights.   

Manufacturing 

NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products are manufactured according to NTIC’s specifications 
primarily by selected independent sub-contractors under trade secrecy agreements and/or license agreements. In 
addition, NTIC manufactures select ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products, consisting primarily of liquids 
and powders, at its corporate headquarters location in Circle Pines, Minnesota.   

NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products are produced at facilities in India, China, Malaysia, and the 
United States.   NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds can be shipped to manufacturing facilities around the world, 
where they then can be converted into finished products, such as film or piece of cutlery.  NTIC’s Natur-Tec® finished 
products are manufactured using NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds by select sub-contractors.   

NTIC is ISO 9001 certified with respect to the manufacturing of its products.  NTIC believes that the process of ISO 
9001 certification serves as an excellent total quality management tool, enabling NTIC to ensure consistency in the 
performance of its products.  In addition, because potential customers may prefer or require manufacturers to have 
achieved ISO certification, such ISO certifications may provide NTIC with certain competitive advantages. 

Availability of Raw Materials 

NTIC does not typically carry excess quantities of raw materials because of historically widespread availability for such 
materials from various suppliers.  However, with respect to its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products, there 
are a limited number of suppliers of the base resins used to manufacture the resin compounds and finished 
products.  Additionally, there is growing demand for these base resins, which has caused cost increases and, more 

10 

 
recently, supply issues.  In the past and during fiscal year 2022, NTIC has experienced some delays in obtaining these 
base resins due to production slowdowns, which resulted from manufacturing issues, labor shortages and power 
restrictions in China, freight container shortages, and the war in Ukraine. Due to supply chain disruptions associated 
with the COVID-19 pandemic and otherwise, NTIC experienced longer lead times for raw materials and experienced 
raw material cost increases during fiscal 2022 compared to prior fiscal years. These trends improved in the fourth 
quarter of fiscal 2022, and it is anticipated that these worldwide disruptions and supply issues will continue to improve 
in fiscal year 2023.  

In addition, a few raw materials and purchased parts used in NTIC’s rust and corrosion inhibiting products and Natur-
Tec® finished products are sourced from suppliers who currently serve as NTIC’s sole source of supply for these 
materials and parts.  Although NTIC believes it can obtain these raw materials and parts from other suppliers, an 
unexpected loss of supply over a short period of time, including as a result of the worldwide disruption in supply issues, 
may not allow NTIC time to replace these sources in the ordinary course of business.  

Backlog 

NTIC had an estimated order backlog of $5,856,655 as of August 31, 2022, compared to $4,192,000 as of August 31, 
2021, which was generally across all business units.  Sales relating to this backlog are expected to be realized during 
first quarter of fiscal 2023.  These are orders that are held by NTIC pending release instructions from the customers to 
be used for just-in-time production.  Customers generally place orders on an “as needed” basis and expect delivery 
within a relatively short period of time. 

Governmental Regulation 

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has indicated to NTIC that it has no objection to the use of ZERUST® 
ICT® packaging products in protecting metal food containers and processing equipment.  In addition, the manufacture, 
sale and use of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products are subject to regulation in the United States 
by the FDA. The FDA’s regulations are concerned with substances used in food packaging materials.  Thus, food and 
beverage containers are in compliance with FDA regulations if the components used in the food and beverage 
containers are approved by the FDA as indirect food additives for their intended uses and comply with the applicable 
FDA indirect food additive regulations or are generally recognized as safe for their intended uses and are of suitable 
purity for those intended uses.  NTIC believes that its resin compounds are in compliance with all FDA requirements 
and that NTIC does not require further FDA approval prior to the sale of its products. 

Human Capital Management 

Headcount and Employee Demographics 

As of August 31, 2022, NTIC had a total of 79 full-time employees located in North America, consisting of 18 in sales 
and marketing, 21 in research and development and lab, 27 in administration, and 13 in production.  As of August 31, 
2022, NTIC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in India, HNTI Limited, had 58 full-time employees, NTIC’s wholly owned 
subsidiary in China had 35 full-time employees, its majority-owned subsidiary in Brazil had 20 full-time employees, its 
majority-owned subsidiary in India, Natur Tec India, had 9 full-time employees, its wholly owned subsidiary in Mexico 
had no full-time employees, and its holding company, NTI Asean, had no full-time employees.  

As of August 31, 2022, of our global workforce, 41% are females and 27% are racially or ethnically diverse. Of our 
management team, 40% are female and 23% are racially or ethnically diverse. Of our seven Board members, nearly 
30% are female and 20% are racially or ethnically diverse. Of our U.S. workforce, 6% are veterans. 

Employee Unions, Collective Bargaining Agreements and Work Councils 

There are no unions representing NTIC’s employees, and NTIC believes that its relations with its employees are good. 

Health, Safety and Environment 

Health, safety and environment (HSE) are the cornerstone of NTIC. NTIC is in the business of converting unique, 
environmentally beneficial materials science into value added products and services for industrial and consumer 

11 

 
 
 
applications. NTIC believes that it is responsible to its worldwide customers, its people, its communities and its 
stockholders, and NTIC takes these responsibilities seriously. NTIC is dedicated to investing in the future of the planet 
and NTIC’s people and intends to continue to invest in HSE protection and improvements in a timely manner consistent 
with available technology.  

NTIC is guided by its Policy Statement on HSE, which sets forth NTIC’s HSE objectives, including ensuring that all 
activities across the value chain are conducted in a manner which is consistent with NTIC’s quality management 
standard and HSE programs, ensuring that business activities are conducted to prevent harm and protect health and 
safety, and developing, manufacturing, distributing and marketing products and services with full regard for HSE 
aspects. To accomplish these objectives, NTIC intends to, among other things, establish targets within its quality 
management standard and HSE programs to measure progress and ensure continuous improvement, provide safe and 
healthy workplaces for its employees, contractors and other service providers, and provide continued training to enable 
employees to meet their responsibility to contribute to compliance with NTIC’s HSE objectives.   

Diversity and Inclusion 

Diversity and inclusion are embedded in NTIC’s values and integrated into its strategies. NTIC’s Human Rights Policy 
was designed to align with the United Nations Global Compact and core elements of the United Nations Universal 
Declaration of Human Rights. NTIC is committed to providing an environment free of discrimination and harassment, 
where all individuals are treated with respect and dignity, can contribute fully, and have equal opportunities. NTIC has 
worked to build a diverse and inclusive workforce and is committed to equal opportunity. NTIC invests in building 
diverse talent pools and provides training to improve skills where appropriate. NTIC upholds and supports the right to 
equal treatment without discrimination or harassment.  

Education 

NTIC offers an educational assistance benefit program to eligible employees. NTIC may reimburse all or part of the 
registration and tuition costs for full-time employees who continue their education in a work-related field. In addition to 
educational assistance for formal education, NTIC may arrange training programs that enable employees to progress in 
their technical, commercial, or financial knowledge of NTIC’s business.  

Compensation and Benefits 

NTIC’s compensation program is designed to attract and retain talented employees in the industry by offering 
competitive compensation and benefits. NTIC has established fair and competitive pay levels that are based on local 
markets and job descriptions and are not based on gender, age, ethnicity, nationality or other personal characteristics or 
beliefs.  NTIC provides compensation and benefits that are competitive and comply with applicable laws, and NTIC 
commits to a fair and living wage. 

Values and Ethics 

In connection with NTIC’s core values, NTIC acts in accordance with its Code of Ethics. NTIC’s Code of Ethics 
requires its employees, officers and directors to be honest, trustworthy, conscientious and dedicated to the highest 
standards of ethical business practices. Each employee, officer and director must know and abide by applicable laws.  

Additional Information 

Additional information about our human capital and people, including our HSE Policy, Human Rights Policy, Code of 
Ethics, is included on the Commitment to Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) page of the Investor Relations 
portion of our corporate website. Information contained or referenced on our website is not incorporated by reference 
and does not form a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Available Information 

NTIC is a Delaware corporation that was originally organized as a Minnesota corporation in 1970.  NTIC’s principal 
executive office is located at 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014, and its telephone number is 
(763) 225-6600.  NTIC’s website is located at www.ntic.com.  References to NTIC’s website addressed in this report 

12 

 
are provided as a convenience and as an inactive textual reference only.  The information on NTIC’s website or any 
other website is not incorporated by reference into, and is not considered a part of, this report.    

NTIC makes available, free of charge and through its Internet web site, its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly 
reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to any such reports filed or furnished pursuant 
to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after 
NTIC electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  
Reports filed with the SEC may be viewed at www.sec.gov.  

Forward-Looking Statements 

This report on Form 10-K contains not only historical information, but also forward-looking statements that are within 
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934, as amended.  These forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections.  In 
addition, NTIC or others on NTIC’s behalf may make forward-looking statements from time to time in oral 
presentations, including telephone conferences and/or web casts open to the public, in press releases or reports, on 
NTIC’s Internet web site, or otherwise.  All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report or 
expressed by NTIC orally from time to time that address activities, events, or developments that NTIC expects, 
believes, or anticipates will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements, including, in particular, the 
statements about NTIC’s plans, objectives, strategies, and prospects regarding, among other things, NTIC’s financial 
condition, results of operations and business, the anticipated effect of COVID-19 and its acquisition of Zerust India on 
NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition, and the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings.  
NTIC has identified some of these forward-looking statements in this report with words like “believe,” “can,” “may,” 
“could,” “would,” “might,” “forecast,” “possible,” “potential,” “project,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” 
“predict,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate,” “outlook,” or “continue” or the negative of these words or other 
words and terms of similar meaning.  The use of future dates is also an indication of a forward-looking statement.  
Forward-looking statements may be contained in the notes to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements and elsewhere in 
this report, including under “Part II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 
of Operations.”  

Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting NTIC and are subject to 
uncertainties and factors that affect all businesses operating in a global market as well as matters specific to NTIC.  
These uncertainties and factors are difficult to predict, and many of them are beyond NTIC’s control.  Some of the 
uncertainties and factors known to us that could cause NTIC’s actual results to differ materially from what NTIC has 
anticipated in its forward-looking statements are described under “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors.” All forward-looking 
statements included in this report are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements.  NTIC 
wishes to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement that speaks only as of the date 
made and to recognize that forward-looking statements are predictions of future results, which may not occur as 
anticipated.  Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements and from 
historical results due to the uncertainties and factors described above and others that NTIC may consider immaterial or 
does not anticipate at this time.  Although NTIC believes that the expectations reflected in its forward-looking 
statements are reasonable, NTIC does not know whether its expectations will prove correct.  NTIC’s expectations 
reflected in its forward-looking statements can be affected by inaccurate assumptions NTIC might make or by known or 
unknown uncertainties and factors, including those described above.  The risks and uncertainties described above are 
not exclusive, and further information concerning NTIC and its business, including factors that potentially could 
materially affect its financial results or condition, may emerge from time to time.  NTIC assumes no obligation to 
update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in factors or assumptions 
affecting such forward-looking statements.  NTIC advises you, however, to consult any further disclosures NTIC makes 
on related subjects in its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K 
that NTIC files with or furnishes to the SEC. 

13 

 
INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 

The two individuals named below have been designated by NTIC’s Board of Directors as “executive officers” of NTIC.  
Their ages and the offices held, as of November 14, 2022, are as follows: 

Name 

G. Patrick Lynch 

Age 
55 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Position with NTIC 

Matthew C. Wolsfeld 

48 

Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary 

G. Patrick Lynch, an employee of NTIC since 1995, has been President since July 2005 and Chief Executive Officer 
since January 2006 and was appointed a director of NTIC in February 2004.  From July 2005 to January 2006, 
Mr. Lynch served as Chief Operating Officer of NTIC.  Mr. Lynch served as President of North American Operations 
of NTIC from May 2004 to July 2005.  Prior to May 2004, Mr. Lynch held various positions with NTIC, including Vice 
President of Strategic Planning, Corporate Secretary and Project Manager.  Mr. Lynch is also an officer and director of 
Inter Alia Holding Company, a holding company that is a significant stockholder of NTIC.  Prior to joining NTIC, 
Mr. Lynch held positions in sales management for Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. in Tokyo, Japan and programming project 
management for BMW AG in Munich, Germany.  Mr. Lynch received an M.B.A. degree from the University of 
Michigan Ross School of Business in Ann Arbor, Michigan. 

Matthew C. Wolsfeld, an employee of NTIC since February 2001, has been NTIC’s Chief Financial Officer since 
November 2001 and Corporate Secretary since November 2004.  Mr. Wolsfeld was Controller of NTIC from May 2001 
through November 2001.  Prior to joining NTIC, Mr. Wolsfeld held an auditing position with PricewaterhouseCoopers 
LLP in Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1997 to 2001.  Mr. Wolsfeld received a B.A. degree in Accounting from the 
University of Notre Dame and received his M.B.A. degree at the University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Business.  
Mr. Wolsfeld is a Certified Public Accountant. 

Other corporate officers of NTIC, their ages, and offices held, as of November 14, 2022, are as follows: 

Name 

Vineet R. Dalal 

Gautam Ramdas 
Brian Haglund 

Age 
53 

Position with NTIC 
Vice President and Director – Global Market Development – Natur-Tec®  

49 
38 

Vice President and Director – Global Market Development – Oil & Gas  
Vice President of Operations – North America 

Vineet R. Dalal, an employee of NTIC since 2004, has served as Vice President and Director – Global Market 
Development – Natur-Tec® since November 2005.  Prior to joining NTIC, Mr. Dalal was a Principal in the Worldwide 
Product Development Practice of PRTM, a management consultancy to technology-based companies (now part of 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Management Consulting).  In this position, Mr. Dalal consulted to several Fortune 500 
companies, in the areas of product strategy, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and technology management.  Prior 
to that, Mr. Dalal held positions in program management and design engineering at National Semiconductor 
Corporation in Santa Clara, California.  Mr. Dalal received an M.B.A. degree from the University of Michigan Ross 
School of Business in Ann Arbor, Michigan.  He also holds an M.S. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering 
from Oregon State University, and a B.Eng. degree in Electronics Engineering from Karnatak University, India. 

Gautam Ramdas, an employee of NTIC since 2005, has served as Vice President and Director – Global Market 
Development – Oil & Gas since 2005.  Prior to joining NTIC, Mr. Ramdas was a Manager in the Strategic Change 
group of IBM Business Consulting Services.  In this position, Mr. Ramdas led consulting engagements at several 
Fortune 500 companies, in the areas of service strategy, global supplier relationship management and supply chain 
streamlining.  Mr. Ramdas held positions in the E-Commerce and Supply Chain strategy groups at 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Management Consulting, again providing consulting services for Fortune 500 clients.  Prior to 
management consulting, Mr. Ramdas worked as a program manager and design engineer with Kinhill Engineers in 
Australia.  He has also been involved in the start-up stage of successful small businesses in the United States and in 
India.  Mr. Ramdas received an M.B.A. from the University of Michigan Ross School of Business in Ann Arbor, 
Michigan.  He also holds a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering from the College of Engineering, Guindy 
(Chennai), India. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brian Haglund, an employee of NTIC since 2018, is currently serving as Vice President of Operations – North America. 
Prior to joining NTIC, Mr. Haglund held various leadership roles within Textron, a Fortune 500 industrial 
conglomerate.  During his tenure with Textron, Mr. Haglund led various global operations and manufacturing facilities 
across the US, in China, and in Germany focusing on aerospace and industrial manufacturing.  Mr. Haglund received an 
M.B.A. degree with a concentration in Finance from The Miller College of Business through Ball State University.  He 
also holds a B.A. degree in Supply Chain Management from Eli Broad College of Business through Michigan State 
University.  

15 

 
 
 
Item 1A.  RISK FACTORS 

The following are the most material factors known to NTIC that could materially adversely affect its business, operating 
results, or financial condition.  

Risk Factors Summary 

This summary is not complete and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors set forth below. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s Business and Industry 

•  Any weakness in the global economy, and in particular in the United States, Europe, India and China, and in 
the automotive industry, may negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

•  The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted and will likely continue to adversely impact NTIC’s 

business, operating results and financial condition. 

•  NTIC’s business may be negatively impacted by inflation. 
•  Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing, increase product costs and result in lost sales, 
which may have a material adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition. 

•  Disruptions to the distribution channels for NTIC’s products may negatively impact NTIC’s business, 

operating results, and financial condition. 

•  NTIC’s dependence on key suppliers puts NTIC at risk of interruptions in the availability of its products, 

• 

which could reduce its net sales and adversely affect its operating results and harm its reputation. 
Increases in prices for raw materials and components used in NTIC’s products could adversely affect NTIC’s 
operating results. 

•  NTIC relies on others for its production and any interruptions of these arrangements could disrupt NTIC’s 

ability to fill its customers’ orders.  

•  Changes to trade regulation, quotas, duties, or tariffs, caused by the changing U.S. and geopolitical 

environments or otherwise, may negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

•  Global credit and financial markets in the past have experienced disruptions, including diminished liquidity 
and credit availability and rapid fluctuations in market valuations, which, if they happen again, could 
negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

•  NTIC has limited staffing, faces challenges caused by its aging workforce and given its limited resources, it 

may not effectively manage its growth.  

•  The evolution of the automotive industry towards electric vehicles could adversely affect our business. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s Joint Ventures 

•  NTIC’s liquidity and financial position rely on the receipt of fees for services provided to its joint ventures and 
dividend distributions from its joint ventures. No assurance can be provided that NTIC will continue to receive 
such fees and dividend distributions in amounts NTIC historically has received or anticipates receiving. 
•  Since a significant portion of NTIC’s earnings results from its equity income from joint ventures which varies 

quarter to quarter, NTIC’s earnings are subject to quarterly fluctuations. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s International Operations and the Foreign Markets in which NTIC Operates 

•  NTIC’s international business, which is conducted primarily through its subsidiaries and joint ventures, 

• 

requires management attention and financial resources and exposes NTIC to difficulties and risks presented by 
international economic, political, legal, accounting, and business factors. 
If sales of NTIC’s products and services by its joint venture in Germany were to decline significantly or if 
NTIC’s relationships with this joint venture were to deteriorate significantly, NTIC’s operating results likely 
would be adversely affected.  

•  NTIC’s acquisition of the remaining 50% ownership interest of HNTI and any future similar acquisitions 

involve risk. 

•  The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine may adversely affect our business and results of operations. 
•  NTIC China’s operations may be adversely affected by China’s evolving economic, political, and social 

conditions and intellectual property rights are difficult to enforce in China, which could harm NTIC’s business, 
results of operations, or financial condition. 

•  Uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system may adversely affect the operations of NTIC China. 
•  Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could subject NTIC to penalties and legal 

expenses. 

16 

 
•  Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could result in declines in NTIC’s earnings and changes in 

NTIC’s foreign currency translation adjustments. 

•  Economic uncertainty in developing markets could adversely affect NTIC’s revenue and earnings.  

Risks Related to NTIC’s Products 

•  NTIC faces intense competition in almost all of its product lines, including from competitors that have 
substantially greater resources than NTIC does. No assurance can be provided that NTIC will be able to 
compete effectively, which would harm its business and operating results. 

•  NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services generate a significant portion of NTIC’s 
net sales and the net sales of NTIC’s joint ventures. Accordingly, if sales of these products and services were to 
decline, NTIC’s operating results would be adversely affected.  
If NTIC is unable to continue to enhance its existing products and develop and market new products that 
respond to customer needs and achieve market acceptance, NTIC may experience a decrease in demand for its 
products, and its business could suffer. 

• 

•  No assurance can be provided that NTIC’s investments in additional research and development and marketing 
efforts and resources into the application of its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and 
the continued launch of its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products will be successful. 

•  NTIC’s strategy of expanding its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and continuing 

the expansion of its Natur-Tec® bioplastics resin compounds and finished products is risky and may not prove 
to be successful, which could harm NTIC’s operating results and financial condition. 

•  NTIC’s dependence on manufacturing and logistical services provided by contractors could give rise to 

product defect or warranty liability.  

•  The commercial success of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products depends on the 
widespread market acceptance of products manufactured with bio-based and biodegradable resins.  

•  NTIC relies on its joint ventures, distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and other agents to market 

and sell its products. 

•  NTIC may be subject to product liability claims or other claims arising out of the activities of its joint ventures, 
which could adversely affect NTIC and its business, and the sale of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting 
products into the oil and gas industry is risky in light of the hazards typically associated with such operations 
and the significant amount of potential liability involved. 

•  The sale of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and gas industry is somewhat seasonal 

and dependent upon oil prices.   

•  The expansion of NTIC’s corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and the continued launch 
of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products may require additional capital in the future, 
which may not be available or may be available only on unfavorable terms.   

Risks Related to Governmental Regulation, Laws, and Compliance 

•  NTIC’s business, properties, and products are subject to governmental regulation and taxes, compliance with 
which may require NTIC to incur expenses or modify its products or operations, and which may expose NTIC 
to penalties for non-compliance. Governmental regulation also may adversely affect the demand for some of 
NTIC’s products and its operating results. 

•  Fluctuations in NTIC’s effective tax rate could have a significant impact on NTIC’s financial position, results 

of operations, or cash flows. 

•  Certain of NTIC’s operations are subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.  
•  NTIC’s reliance upon patents, trademark laws, trade secrets, and contractual provisions to protect its 

proprietary rights may not be sufficient to protect its intellectual property. 

•  NTIC’s compliance with generally accepted accounting principles any changes in such principles might 

adversely affect NTIC’s operating results and financial condition.   

Risks Related to NTIC’s Common Stock 

•  The trading volume of NTIC’s common stock is typically very low, leaving NTIC’s common stock open to 

risk of high volatility and the price and trading volume has been, and may continue to be, volatile. 
•  A large percentage of NTIC’s outstanding common stock is held by insiders, and, as a result, the trading 

market for NTIC’s common stock is not as liquid as the stock of other public companies. 

17 

 
 
 
Risks Related to NTIC’s Business and Industry 

Any weakness in the global economy, and in particular in the United States, Europe, India and China, and in the 
automotive industry, may negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

The U.S. and world economies may suffer from uncertainty, volatility, disruption, and other adverse conditions, such as 
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and persistent inflation resulting therefrom, and those conditions have adversely 
impacted and may continue to adversely impact the business community and the financial markets.  Adverse economic 
and financial market conditions may negatively affect NTIC’s customers and its markets, thereby negatively impacting 
its business and operating results.  For example, weak market conditions could extend the length of NTIC’s sales cycle 
and cause potential customers to delay, defer, or decline to make purchases of NTIC’s products and services due to 
uncertainties surrounding the future performance of their businesses, limitations on their capital expenditures due to 
internal budget constraints, the inability to obtain financing in the capital markets, and the adverse effects of the 
economy on their business and financial condition.  As a result, if economic and financial market conditions weaken or 
deteriorate, then NTIC’s business, financial condition, and operating results, including its ability to grow and expand its 
business and operations, could be materially and adversely affected. 

NTIC’s operating results are especially dependent upon the economic health of the economies in the United States, 
Europe, India and China.  Since a significant portion of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and 
services are sold to customers in the automotive industry, adverse economic conditions affecting the automotive 
industry, in particular, may result in an adverse effect on NTIC’s net sales and its other operating results.  Accordingly, 
any weakness in the global economy, particularly the United States, Europe, India and China, and in the automotive 
industry, including decreased production resulting from the ongoing microchip shortage, have negatively impacted and 
may continue to negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition. 

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted and will likely continue to adversely impact NTIC’s business, 
operating results and financial condition. 

COVID-19 has resulted in the curtailment of business activities from time to time, including more recently in China, 
and has caused weakened economic conditions, both in the United States and abroad. Business closures and slowdowns 
adversely impacted and may continue to adversely impact NTIC directly and caused some of NTIC’s customers and 
suppliers to operate at a fraction of their capacities or wholly lock down, which disrupted and may continue to disrupt 
NTIC’s sales and production, especially in China.  These and other factors, such as other COVID-19 variants that may 
arise, contributed to NTIC experiencing decreased global demand for its products and services during certain markets 
during fiscal 2022 and more widespread during fiscal 2021 and increased supply chain and shipping costs and 
disruptions, which will likely continue to some degree during fiscal 2023.  This decreased demand may have a material 
adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition in fiscal 2023.  Due to the international 
reach of COVID-19, NTIC anticipates that its international subsidiaries and joint ventures will continue to be adversely 
impacted by the causes listed above, as well as other local issues that may arise, which will likely continue to have a 
material adverse effect on NTIC’s international subsidiaries and joint venture operations and equity in income from 
joint ventures.  It is currently not possible to predict the precise potential impact, as well as the extent of any impact, of 
the COVID-19 pandemic on NTIC’s business, and on the global economy as a whole.  It is also currently not possible to 
predict how long the pandemic will last or the time that it will take for economic activity to return to prior levels or 
supply chain disruptions to cease.  A prolonged situation could have a significant adverse effect on economies and 
financial markets globally, potentially deepening the current worldwide economic downturn, which could have a 
significant adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition. Any of these events could 
materially adversely affect NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition.  In addition, the COVID-19 
pandemic has already adversely affected and could in the future adversely affect NTIC’s stock price. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTIC’s business may continue to be negatively impacted by inflation. 

Increases in inflation may have a negative impact on NTIC’s business. Current and future inflationary effects may be 
driven by, among other things, the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain disruptions, governmental stimulus or fiscal 
policies and the Russia/Ukraine war. While the persistent inflation experienced in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022 has 
somewhat stabilized recently, increases in inflation have impacted the cost of raw materials, the overall demand for 
NTIC’s products, labor, and the margins NTIC and its joint ventures are able to realize on the sale of products, all of 
which have had and could continue to have a negative impact on NTIC’s business, financial position, results of 
operations and cash flows. Sustained levels of high inflation caused the U.S. Federal Reserve and other central banks to 
increase interest rates, which could increase the cost of capital available to NTIC and depress economic growth, which 
could also negatively impact our business.  

Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing, increase product costs and result in lost sales, 
which may have a material adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results and financial condition. 

During fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022, supply chain disruptions, resulting from factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, 
labor supply shortages and shipping container shortages, impacted, and may continue to impact, NTIC and its third-
party manufacturers. These disruptions have resulted in longer lead times and increased product costs and shipping 
expenses. While NTIC has taken steps to minimize the impact of these increased costs by working closely with its 
suppliers and customers, there can be no assurances that unforeseen events impacting the supply chain will not have a 
material adverse effect on NTIC in the future. Additionally, the impacts supply chain disruptions have on NTIC’s third-
party manufacturers are not within NTIC’s control. While we have seen recent improvements, it is not currently 
possible to predict how long it will take for these supply chain disruptions to cease. Prolonged supply chain disruptions 
impacting NTIC and its third-party manufacturers could interrupt product manufacturing, increase product costs and 
result in lost sales, which may have a material adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results and financial 
condition. 

Disruptions to the distribution channels for NTIC’s products may negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating 
results, and financial condition. 

During fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022, supply chain disruptions began to emerge because of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
shipping container shortages, and the changes in global demand. These conditions and ocean freight capacity issues 
continued to persist worldwide during fiscal 2022 as there was much greater demand for shipping and reduced capacity 
and equipment, which resulted in significantly longer shipping times and significant price increases per shipping 
container. While many of these effects have improved, it is possible that NTIC may continue to experience adverse 
effects during fiscal 2023. Shipping companies have taken measures such as charging priority booking fees to allocate 
space as they have fewer ships and workers operating. While we have seen recent stabilizations of container costs and, 
in some markets, a recent decrease in costs, there is no indication that these shipping delays and increased shipping 
container rates will return to historical levels in the near-term, and these delays and elevated costs could have a material 
adverse effect on NTIC’s consolidated results of operations. Furthermore, transportation delays, increases on shipping 
containers, more extensive travel restrictions, closures or disruptions of businesses and facilities or social, economic, 
political or labor instability in the affected areas may impact the operations of NTIC’s suppliers, which could in turn 
adversely affect NTIC, and its revenues and operating costs. Any of these disruptions may negatively impact NTIC’s 
business, operating results, and financial condition. 

NTIC’s dependence on key suppliers puts NTIC at risk of interruptions in the availability of its products, which 
could reduce its net sales and adversely affect its operating results and harm its reputation. 

NTIC relies on suppliers for certain raw materials and components used in its products.  For reasons of quality 
assurance, cost effectiveness, or availability, NTIC procures certain raw materials and components from sole or limited 
source suppliers.  Among the limited source suppliers NTIC does business with are the manufacturers of plastic resins 
used in Natur-Tec® products.  NTIC generally acquires these and other raw materials and components through purchase 
orders placed in the ordinary course of business, and as a result, NTIC does not have a significant inventory of these 
materials and components and does not have any guaranteed or contractual supply arrangements with many of these 
suppliers for these materials and components.  NTIC’s dependence on third-party suppliers involves several risks, 
including limited control over pricing, availability, quality, and delivery schedules, as well as manufacturing yields and 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
costs.  Suppliers of such raw materials and components may decide, or be required, for reasons beyond NTIC’s control, 
to cease supplying such raw materials and components to NTIC or to raise their prices.  

Shortages of raw materials, quality control problems, production capacity constraints, or delays by suppliers could 
negatively affect NTIC’s ability to meet its production obligations and result in increased prices for affected parts.  For 
example, the rapid growth in demand for bioplastics products globally has increased the demand and the price for 
plastic resins, and limited suppliers of such plastic resins may experience shortages caused by demand outpacing their 
production capabilities, which could result in NTIC’s inability to produce its Natur-Tec® products promptly or in the 
volumes demanded.  Additionally, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused supply shortages, which also 
could result in NTIC’s inability to produce its Natur-Tec® products. These and other shortages, constraints, or delays 
may result in delays in shipments of products or components, which could adversely affect NTIC’s net sales and other 
operating results and its reputation.  From time to time, materials and components used in NTIC’s products are subject 
to allocation because of shortages of these materials and components.   

Increases in prices for raw materials and components used in NTIC’s products could adversely affect NTIC’s 
operating results. 

NTIC uses certain raw materials and components in its products, including in particular plastic resins, which are subject 
to price increases.  In light of increased global demand for bioplastics, production slowdowns due to manufacturing 
issues, labor shortages and power restrictions in China, freight container shortages, the war in Ukraine, and the lingering 
effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the prices of certain plastic resins increased in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022 and have 
remained higher than pre-pandemic prices, which could adversely affect gross margins on NTIC’s Natur-Tec® products.  
If these shortages persist, the cost and/or production of NTIC’s products could be adversely affected. Additionally, the 
war between Russia and Ukraine and the resulting sanctions by U.S. and European governments have resulted in and 
may continue to result in commodity price fluctuations, which have decreased our margins and the margins of our joint 
ventures and resulted in decreased joint venture profitability, which will likely continue during fiscal 2023. Finally, 
changes to international trade agreements could result in additional tariffs, duties, or other charges on raw materials or 
components we import into the U.S.   

NTIC relies on others for its production and any interruptions of these arrangements could disrupt NTIC’s ability to 
fill its customers’ orders.  

NTIC utilizes contract manufacturers for a significant portion of its production requirements.  The majority of NTIC’s 
manufacturing is conducted in the United States by contract manufacturers that also perform services for numerous 
other companies.  NTIC does not have a guaranteed level of production capacity with any of its contract manufacturers.  
Qualifying new contract manufacturers is time consuming and might result in unforeseen manufacturing and operations 
problems.  The loss of NTIC’s relationships with its contract manufacturers or their inability to conduct their 
manufacturing and assembly services for NTIC as anticipated in terms of capacity, cost, quality, and timeliness could 
adversely affect NTIC’s ability to fill customer orders in accordance with required delivery, quality, and performance 
requirements, thus adversely affecting NTIC’s net sales and other operating results. 

Changes to trade regulation, quotas, duties, or tariffs, caused by the changing U.S. and geopolitical environments or 
otherwise, may negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

There is significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and other countries with respect 
to trade policies, taxes, government regulations, and tariffs.  The Trump administration had signaled support for 
implementing and, in some instances, proposed or took action with respect to major changes to certain trade policies in 
an effort to encourage U.S. production.  Such changes included the imposition of additional tariffs on imported products 
in an effort to address trade imbalances, specifically with China, the withdrawal of the U.S. from the Trans-Pacific 
Partnership, and the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement.  In response to such actions, certain 
countries imposed retaliatory actions against the U.S. NTIC and its subsidiaries and joint ventures engage in sales 
outside of the United States and is, therefore, negatively impacted by such actions.  Any changes or potential changes in 
trade policies in the United States, including changes made by the Biden administration, and the potential corresponding 
actions by other countries in which NTIC does business could adversely and materially affect NTIC’s business, results 
of operations, and financial condition.  

20 

 
 
Global credit and financial markets in the past have experienced disruptions, including diminished liquidity and 
credit availability and rapid fluctuations in market valuations, which, if they happen again, could negatively impact 
NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition.  

Any tightening of the credit and financial markets could negatively impact the ability of companies to borrow money 
from their existing lenders, obtain credit from other sources, or raise financing to fund their operations.  This could 
negatively impact the ability of NTIC’s customers and the customers of NTIC’s joint ventures to purchase NTIC’s 
products, suppliers’ ability to provide NTIC and its joint ventures with materials and components, and the ability of 
NTIC and its joint ventures, distributors, and sales representatives to finance operations, if needed, on commercially 
reasonable terms, or at all.  Any or all of these events could negatively impact NTIC’s business, operating results, and 
financial condition.  Although NTIC maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the 
inability of its customers, distributors, and joint ventures to make required payments, and such losses historically have 
been within NTIC’s expectations and the provisions established, NTIC cannot guarantee that it will continue to 
experience the same loss rates that it has in the past, especially if there are weaknesses in the worldwide economy.  A 
significant change in the liquidity or financial condition of NTIC’s customers, distributors, or joint ventures could cause 
unfavorable trends in NTIC’s receivable collections and additional allowances may be required, which could adversely 
affect NTIC’s operating results.  In addition, weaknesses in the worldwide economy, including the imposition of higher 
tariffs and withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, may adversely impact the ability of suppliers to provide 
NTIC with materials and components, which could adversely affect NTIC’s business and operating results.  NTIC is 
unable to predict the prospects for a global economic recovery, but the longer the duration of such adverse and uncertain 
economic conditions, the greater the risks NTIC faces in operating its business.  

NTIC has limited staffing and will continue to be dependent upon key employees. 

NTIC’s success is dependent upon the efforts of a small management team and group of employees.  NTIC’s future 
success will depend in large part on its ability to retain its key employees and identify, attract, and retain other highly 
qualified managerial, technical, research and development, sales and marketing, and customer service personnel when 
needed. Competition for these individuals may be intense, especially in the markets in which NTIC operates.  NTIC 
may not succeed in identifying, attracting, and retaining these personnel.  Inadequate performance by any of NTIC’s 
limited staff could have a negative impact on the performance of the company.  In addition, none of NTIC’s employees 
have any contractual obligation to maintain his or her employment with NTIC.  The loss or interruption of services of 
any of NTIC’s key personnel, including in particular its technical personnel, the inability to identify, attract, or retain 
qualified personnel in the future, delays in hiring qualified personnel, or any employee slowdowns, strikes, or similar 
actions could make it difficult for NTIC to manage its business and meet key objectives, which could harm NTIC’s 
business, operating results, and financial condition.  

Although we have not experienced any material labor shortage to date, we have recently observed an overall tightening 
and increasingly competitive labor market. A sustained labor shortage or increased turnover rates within our employee 
base could lead to increased costs, such as increased overtime to meet demand and increased wage rates to attract and 
retain employees, and could negatively affect our ability to efficiently operate our manufacturing and distribution 
facilities and overall business. If we are unable to hire and retain employees capable of performing at a high-level, or if 
mitigation measures we may take to respond to a decrease in labor availability, such as overtime and third-party 
outsourcing, have unintended negative effects, our business could be adversely affected. An overall labor shortage, lack 
of skilled labor, increased turnover or labor inflation could have a material adverse impact on NTIC’s operations, results 
of operations, liquidity or cash flows.  

NTIC faces challenges caused by its aging workforce, and NTIC may not be able to recruit, train and retain 
adequate replacements for its qualified and skilled employees. 

Many of our employees are approaching retirement age. As these experienced employees retire, we may have difficulty 
recruiting new employees with comparable qualifications and experience, and we may be unable to transfer our 
employees’ institutional knowledge successfully to new qualified employees. Any such failures would be exacerbated at 
times of peak demand. Our failure to recruit and train new employees and to ensure they obtain the adequate 
qualifications and experience could result in reduced revenues, loss of customer goodwill and a material negative 
impact on our results of operations. 

21 

 
 
 
 
Given NTIC’s limited resources, it may not effectively manage its growth.  

NTIC’s strategy to grow its business, including in particular its ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products for the 
oil and gas industry and its Natur-Tec® bio-plastic resin compounds and finished products, requires significant 
management time and operational and financial resources.  There is no assurance that NTIC has the necessary 
operational and financial resources to manage its growth.  This is especially true as it expands facilities and 
manufactures its products on a larger commercial scale.  In addition, rapid growth in NTIC’s headcount and operations 
may place a significant strain on its management, administrative, operational, and financial infrastructure. Failure to 
adequately manage its growth could have a material and adverse effect on NTIC’s business, operating results, and 
financial condition.  For example, NTIC’s soil side bottom solutions for tanks require implementation teams comprised 
of both internal NTIC personnel and outside consulting firms.  NTIC’s failure to expand these implementation teams to 
service additional customers may limit NTIC’s ability to grow this business.  In addition, NTIC may not be successful 
in its strategy to grow its business.   

The evolution of the automotive industry towards electric vehicles could adversely affect our business. 

The global automotive industry is experiencing a period of significant technological change, including the development 
and use of electric vehicles, which do not contain as many components that require our ZERUST products and 
solutions. During fiscal 2022, the automobile sector represented approximately 48% of our ZERUST industrial net sales 
in North America and 58% of net sales of our joint ventures. Increased demand for electric vehicles which do not 
contain as many components requiring our ZERUST products and solutions will adversely affect our net sales and other 
operating results and business. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s Joint Ventures 

NTIC’s liquidity and financial position rely on the receipt of fees for services provided to its joint ventures and 
dividend distributions from its joint ventures. No assurance can be provided that NTIC will continue to receive such 
fees and dividend distributions in amounts NTIC historically has received or anticipates receiving. 

NTIC conducts business, either directly or indirectly, through several joint venture arrangements that operate in North 
America, Europe, and Asia.  Each of these joint ventures manufactures, markets, and sells finished products in the 
geographic territory that it is assigned. NTIC’s receipt of funds as a result of sales by its joint ventures is dependent 
upon NTIC’s receipt of fees for services that NTIC provides to its joint ventures based primarily on the net sales of the 
individual joint ventures and NTIC’s receipt of dividend distributions from its joint ventures based on the profitability 
of its joint ventures.  NTIC’s liquidity and financial position in part rely on NTIC’s receipt of fees for services that 
NTIC provides to its joint ventures and dividend distributions from its joint ventures.  During fiscal 2022, NTIC 
recognized $5,085,823 in fees and $5,723,176 in dividend distributions from its joint ventures.  Because NTIC owns 
50% or less of each of its joint venture entities, NTIC does not control the decisions of these entities regarding whether 
to pay dividends and, if paid, how much they should be in any given year.  Thus, NTIC cannot guarantee that any of its 
joint ventures will pay dividends in any given year.  The failure of NTIC’s joint ventures to declare dividends or the 
failure of NTIC to receive fees for services provided to joint ventures in amounts typically expected by NTIC could 
adversely affect NTIC’s liquidity and financial position. 

Since a significant portion of NTIC’s earnings results from NTIC’s equity income from joint ventures, and since 
NTIC’s equity income from joint ventures varies from quarter to quarter, NTIC’s earnings are subject to quarterly 
fluctuations. 

A significant portion of NTIC’s earnings results from NTIC’s equity income from its joint ventures.  NTIC’s equity in 
income from joint ventures consists of NTIC’s share of equity in income from its joint ventures based on the overall 
profitability of the joint ventures.  Such profitability varies from quarter to quarter. Since NTIC’s management typically 
receives quarterly joint venture financial information after the completion of each fiscal quarter, it is impossible for 
NTIC’s management to cut costs and expenses to make up for any unanticipated shortfall in NTIC’s equity income from 
joint ventures.  Accordingly, the variability in NTIC’s equity income from joint ventures, in turn, subjects NTIC’s 
earnings to quarterly fluctuations. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to NTIC’s International Business and the Foreign Markets in which NTIC Operates 

NTIC’s international business, which is conducted primarily through its subsidiaries and joint ventures, requires 
management attention and financial resources and exposes NTIC to difficulties and risks presented by international 
economic, political, legal, accounting, and business factors. 

NTIC sells products and services directly, through its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, and indirectly, 
via a network of joint ventures, independent distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and agents in over 
65 countries, including countries in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.  One of NTIC’s 
strategic objectives is the continued expansion of its international operations.  The expansion of NTIC’s existing 
international operations and entry into additional international markets requires management attention and financial 
resources. 

The sale and shipping of products and services across international borders subjects NTIC to extensive and complicated 
U.S. and foreign governmental trade regulations.  Compliance with such regulations is costly and exposes NTIC to 
penalties for non-compliance.  Other laws and regulations that can significantly impact NTIC include various anti-
bribery laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, laws restricting business with suspected terrorists, and 
anti-boycott laws.  Any failure to comply with applicable legal and regulatory obligations could impact NTIC in a 
variety of ways that include, but are not limited to, significant criminal, civil, and administrative penalties, including 
imprisonment of individuals, fines and penalties, denial of export privileges, seizure of shipments, and restrictions on 
certain business activities.  Also, the failure to comply with applicable legal and regulatory obligations could result in 
the disruption of NTIC’s shipping and sales activities. 

Several factors, including implications of withdrawal by the U.S. from, or revision to, international trade agreements, 
foreign policy changes between the U.S. and other countries, weakened international economic conditions, or the impact 
of sovereign debt defaults by certain European countries, could adversely affect our international net sales.  
Additionally, the expansion of our existing international operations and entry into additional international markets 
require significant management attention and financial resources.  In many of the countries in which NTIC sells its 
products directly or indirectly through NTIC China, Zerust Brazil, Natur-Tec India, Natur-Tec Lanka, Zerust Mexico, 
Zerust Singapore, Zerust Vietnam and NTI Asean, its joint ventures, distributors, representatives, and agents are, to 
some degree, subject to political, economic, and/or social instability.  NTIC’s international operations expose NTIC and 
its joint venture partners, distributors, representatives, and agents to risks inherent in operating in foreign jurisdictions.  
These risks include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 
• 
• 

difficulties in managing and staffing international operations and the required infrastructure costs, including 
legal, tax, accounting, and information technology; 
the imposition of additional U.S. and foreign governmental controls or regulations, new trade restrictions, and 
restrictions on the activities of foreign agents, representatives, and distributors, the imposition of costly and 
lengthy export licensing requirements and changes in duties and tariffs, license obligations, and other non-tariff 
barriers to trade; 
the imposition of U.S. and/or international sanctions against a country, company, person, or entity with whom 
NTIC does business that would restrict or prohibit continued business with the sanctioned country, company, 
person, or entity; 
pricing pressure that NTIC or its joint ventures, distributors, representatives, and agents may experience 
internationally; 
laws and business practices favoring local companies; 
adverse currency exchange rate fluctuations; 
longer payment cycles and difficulties enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through certain foreign 
legal systems; 
national and international conflicts, including foreign policy changes or terrorist acts; 
difficulties in enforcing or defending intellectual property rights;  

• 
• 
•  multiple, changing, and often inconsistent enforcement of laws and regulations; and 
• 

the potential payment of U.S. income taxes on certain earnings of joint ventures upon repatriation. 

Furthermore, in June 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum in which voters approved an exit from the European 
Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit.”  The United Kingdom officially terminated its membership of the European 

23 

 
 
 
 
Union on January 31, 2020 and remained in a transition phase until December 31, 2020.  Although the United Kingdom 
and the European Union struck a bilateral trade and cooperation deal governing the future relationship between the 
United Kingdom and the European Union, which became effective on May 1, 2021, political and economic 
uncertainties remain, and it is possible that there will be increased regulatory complexities, which could affect NTIC’s 
ability to sell its products in certain European Union countries and subject NTIC to heightened risks in that region. Any 
of these effects of Brexit, and other similar referenda that NTIC cannot anticipate, could adversely affect its business, 
operations, and financial results. 

Out of NTIC’s joint ventures, NTIC’s joint venture in Germany is the most significant in terms of assets and income 
to NTIC.  If sales of NTIC’s products and services by this joint venture were to decline significantly or if NTIC’s 
relationships with this joint venture were to deteriorate significantly, NTIC’s operating results likely would be 
adversely affected.  

NTIC considers its joint venture in Germany (EXCOR) to be individually significant to NTIC’s consolidated assets and 
income and, therefore, provides certain additional information regarding EXCOR in the notes to NTIC’s consolidated 
financial statements and in certain sections of this report.  Of the total equity in income from joint ventures of 
$4,725,918 during fiscal 2022, NTIC had equity in income from joint ventures of $3,236,989 attributable to EXCOR.  
Of the total fee income for services provided to joint ventures of $5,767,682 during fiscal 2022, fees of $834,725 were 
attributable to EXCOR.  Accordingly, if sales of NTIC’s products and services by this joint venture were to decline 
significantly or if NTIC’s relationships with this joint venture were to deteriorate significantly such that the joint 
venture terminated or was not motivated to sell NTIC’s products and services, NTIC’s operating results likely would be 
adversely affected.  While this is also true with respect to the other joint venture entities of which additional information 
is provided in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements and in certain other sections of this report, the significance is 
not as great as with EXCOR. 

NTIC’s acquisition of the remaining 50% ownership interest of HNTI and any future similar acquisitions involve 
risk. 

Effective as of September 1, 2021, NTIC acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest in its Indian joint venture, 
HNTI. It is possible that as part of its succession planning efforts with respect to its joint venture partners that NTIC 
may complete similar acquisitions in the future. Similar future acquisitions will depend, in part, on the availability of 
similar opportunities or other suitable acquisition candidates at acceptable prices, terms, and conditions and the 
availability of capital and personnel resources to complete such acquisitions and run and integrate the acquired business 
effectively. These acquisitions involve risk and may harm NTIC’s business, reputation, financial condition, and 
operating results. For instance, the benefits of the HNTI acquisition or any future acquisition may take more time than 
expected to develop or integrate into NTIC’s operations, and NTIC cannot guarantee that either the HNTI or any future 
acquisitions will, in fact, produce any long-term benefits. Acquisitions, such as the HNTI acquisition, involve a number 
of risks, the occurrence of which could adversely affect NTIC’s business, reputation, financial condition, and operating 
results, including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

diversion of management's attention to manage and integrate the acquired business; 
disruption to existing operations and plans; 
inability to effectively manage the expanded operations; 
difficulties or delays, which may be exacerbated by the impact of COVID-19, in integrating and assimilating 
information and financial systems, internal controls, operations, manufacturing processes and products of an 
acquired business or in realizing projected efficiencies, growth prospects, cost savings, and other synergies; 
potential loss of key employees, customers or suppliers of the acquired businesses or adverse effects on 
existing business relationships with employees, customers or suppliers; 

•  write-off of significant amounts of goodwill, other intangible assets, and/or long-lived assets as a result of 
deterioration in the performance of an acquired business, adverse market conditions, changes in the 
competitive landscape, changes in laws or regulations that restrict activities of an acquired business, or as a 
result of a variety of other circumstances; 
violation of confidentiality, intellectual property, and non-compete obligations or agreements by employees of 
an acquired business or lack of or inadequate formal intellectual property protection mechanisms in place at an 
acquired business; 

• 

24 

 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

adverse impact on overall profitability if NTIC’s expanded operations do not achieve the growth prospects, net 
sales, net earnings, cost and/or revenue synergies, or other financial results projected in NTIC’s valuation 
models, delays in the realization thereof or costs or charges incurred to achieve any revenue or cost synergies; 
reallocation of amounts of capital from other operating initiatives and/or an increase in leverage and debt 
service requirements to pay acquisition purchase prices, which could in turn restrict NTIC’s ability to access 
additional capital when needed or limit its ability to pursue other important elements of its business strategy; 
inaccurate assessment of additional post-acquisition, undisclosed, contingent or other liabilities or problems, 
unanticipated costs associated with an acquisition; and 
impacts as a result of purchase accounting adjustments, incorrect estimates made in the accounting for 
acquisitions, incurrence of non-recurring charges, or other potential financial accounting or reporting impacts. 

In addition, effective internal controls are necessary for NTIC to provide reliable and accurate financial reports and to 
effectively prevent fraud. The integration of acquired businesses may result in NTIC’s systems and controls becoming 
increasingly complex and more difficult to manage. NTIC devotes significant resources and time to comply with the 
internal control over financial reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. However, it cannot be certain 
that these measures will ensure that NTIC designs, implements, and maintains adequate control over its financial 
processes and reporting in the future, particularly in the context of acquisitions of other businesses. Any difficulties in 
the assimilation of acquired businesses into NTIC’s internal control framework could harm its operating results or cause 
NTIC to fail to meet its financial reporting obligations. Also, acquisitions require the consent of PNC Bank, National 
Association under NTIC’s loan agreement with PNC Bank. NTIC cannot predict whether such approvals would be 
forthcoming or the terms on which PNC Bank would approve such acquisitions. These risks, among others, could be 
heightened if NTIC completes a large acquisition or multiple transactions within a relatively short period of time. 

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine may adversely affect our business and results of operations. 

Given the nature of our business and our global operations, political, economic, and other conditions in foreign 
countries and regions, including geopolitical risks such as the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine, may 
adversely affect our business and results of operations. We have limited operations in Russia and Ukraine, which have 
been adversely affected by the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, though these losses are not expected to 
have a material impact on our operating results. We terminated our joint venture in Russia in May 2022, which we 
believe will not have an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition given the immateriality of the 
joint venture. The broader consequences of this conflict, which may include additional international sanctions, 
embargoes, regional instability, and geopolitical shifts; increased tensions between the United States and countries in 
which we operate; and the extent of the conflict’s effect on our business and results of operations as well as the global 
economy, cannot be predicted. 

To the extent the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine adversely affects our business, it may also have the effect 
of heightening many other risks disclosed herein, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business and 
results of operations. Such risks include, but are not limited to, adverse effects on macroeconomic conditions, including 
inflation, demand for our products and potential recessionary economic conditions; increased cyber security threats; 
adverse changes in trade policies, taxes, government regulations, and tariffs; our ability to maintain or increase our 
prices in response to rising shipping costs; our ability to implement and execute our business strategy, particularly with 
regard to our joint ventures; disruptions in global supply chains; our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations; and 
constraints, volatility, or disruption in the capital markets. 

The operations of NTIC China may be adversely affected by China’s evolving economic, political, and social 
conditions. 

The results of operations and future prospects of NTIC China may be adversely affected by, among other things, 
changes in China’s political, economic, and social conditions, changes in the relationship between China and its western 
trade partners, changes in policies of the Chinese government, changes in laws and regulations or in the interpretation of 
existing laws and regulations, changes in foreign exchange regulations, measures that may be introduced to control 
inflation, such as interest rate increases, and changes in the rates or methods of taxation.  In addition, changes in 
demand could result from increased competition with local Chinese manufacturers who have cost advantages or who 
may be preferred suppliers for Chinese end users.  Also, Chinese commercial laws, regulations, and interpretations 
applicable to non-Chinese owned market participants, such as NTIC China, are continually changing.  These laws, 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
regulations, and interpretations could impose restrictions on NTIC’s and NTIC China’s ownership or operations or 
NTIC’s interests in China and could adversely affect NTIC’s business, results of operations, and financial condition. 

Local regulations in China related to the electric power shortage that began in 2021 may adversely affect NTIC China’s 
operations or the operations of our suppliers with facilities in China. For example, these regulations could result in 
partial or complete factory shutdowns due to a lack of continuous supply of electrical power. Additionally, the price of 
electric power may be increased, and peak-demand periods during which prices are higher may be extended by local 
governments. Certain of our resin suppliers with facilities in China were adversely impacted by these regulations, which 
contributed to constrained supply. Although NTIC China’s operations have not been significantly impacted by 
regulations related to electric power shortages to date, such regulations may in the future decrease or shut down 
production or increase product costs, which could adversely affect NTIC’s business, results of operations, and financial 
condition.  

Intellectual property rights are difficult to enforce in China, which could harm NTIC’s business, results of 
operations, or financial condition. 

Chinese commercial law is relatively undeveloped compared to commercial law in many of NTIC’s other major 
markets, and limited protection of intellectual property is available in China as a practical matter.  Although NTIC takes 
precautions in the operation of NTIC China to protect NTIC’s intellectual property, any local manufacturer of products 
that NTIC undertakes in China could subject NTIC to an increased risk that unauthorized parties will be able to copy or 
otherwise obtain or use NTIC’s intellectual property, which could harm NTIC’s business.  NTIC may also have limited 
legal recourse in the event it encounters patent or trademark infringers, which could adversely affect NTIC’s business, 
results of operations, and financial condition. 

Uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system may adversely affect the operations of NTIC China. 

NTIC China is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China.  There are uncertainties 
regarding the interpretation and enforcement of laws, rules, and policies in China.  The Chinese legal system is based on 
written statutes, and prior court decisions have limited precedential value.  Because many laws and regulations are 
relatively new, and the Chinese legal system is still evolving, the interpretations of many laws, regulations, and rules are 
not always uniform.  Moreover, the relative inexperience of China’s judiciary in many cases creates additional 
uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation, and the interpretation of statutes and regulations may be subject to 
government policies reflecting domestic political agendas.  Finally, enforcement of existing laws or contracts based on 
existing law may be uncertain and sporadic.  For the preceding reasons, it may be difficult for NTIC or NTIC China to 
obtain timely or equitable enforcement of laws ostensibly designed to protect companies like NTIC or NTIC China, 
which could adversely affect NTIC’s business, results of operations, and financial condition. 

Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could subject NTIC to, among other things, penalties 
and legal expenses that could harm its reputation and have a material adverse effect on its business, results of 
operations, and financial condition. 

NTIC is subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, which generally prohibits covered entities and 
their intermediaries from engaging in bribery or making other prohibited payments to foreign officials for the purpose of 
obtaining or retaining business or other benefits.  In addition, the FCPA imposes accounting standards and requirements 
on U.S. publicly-traded corporations and their foreign affiliates, which are intended to prevent the diversion of corporate 
funds to the payment of bribes and other improper payments and to prevent the establishment of “off books” slush funds 
from which such improper payments can be made.  NTIC also is subject to similar anticorruption legislation 
implemented in Europe under the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Convention on 
Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions.  NTIC and its joint ventures, 
distributors, independent representatives, and agents operate in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of 
potential violations of the FCPA and other anticorruption laws, based on measurements such as Transparency 
International’s Corruption Perception Index, and NTIC utilizes a number of joint ventures, distributors, independent 
representatives, and agents for whose actions NTIC could be held liable under the FCPA.  NTIC informs its personnel, 
joint ventures, distributors, independent representatives, and agents of the requirements of the FCPA and other 
anticorruption laws, including, but not limited to, their reporting requirements.  NTIC also has developed and will 
continue to develop and implement systems for formalizing its contracting processes, performing due diligence on 
agents, and improving its recordkeeping and auditing practices regarding these regulations. However, there is no 

26 

 
 
guarantee that NTIC’s employees, joint ventures, distributors, independent representatives, or other agents have not or 
will not engage in conduct undetected by NTIC’s processes and for which NTIC might be held responsible under the 
FCPA or other anticorruption laws. 

If NTIC’s employees, joint ventures, distributors, third-party sales representatives, or other agents are found to have 
engaged in such practices, NTIC could suffer severe penalties, including criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement, and 
other remedial measures, including further changes or enhancements to its procedures, policies, and controls and 
potential personnel changes and disciplinary actions.   

Certain private and foreign companies, including some of NTIC’s competitors, are not subject to prohibitions as strict as 
those under the FCPA or, even if subjected to strict prohibitions, such prohibitions may be laxly enforced in practice.  If 
NTIC’s competitors engage in corruption, extortion, bribery, pay-offs, theft, or other fraudulent practices, they may 
receive preferential treatment from personnel of some companies or from government officials, giving NTIC’s 
competitors an advantage in securing business and putting NTIC at a disadvantage. 

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could result in declines in NTIC’s earnings and changes in NTIC’s 
foreign currency translation adjustments. 

Because the functional currency of NTIC’s foreign operations is the applicable local currency, NTIC is exposed to 
foreign currency exchange rate risk arising from transactions in the normal course of business.  NTIC’s principal 
exchange rate exposure is with the Euro, the Japanese Yen, the Indian Rupee, the Chinese Renminbi, the South Korean 
Won, and the English Pound against the U.S. dollar.  NTIC’s fees for services provided to its joint ventures and 
dividend distributions from these foreign entities are paid in foreign currencies; thus, fluctuations in foreign currency 
exchange rates could result in declines in NTIC’s earnings.  Any changes in foreign currency exchange rates would be 
reflected as a foreign currency translation adjustment and would not change NTIC’s equity in income from joint 
ventures reflected in its consolidated statements of operations.  NTIC does not hedge against its foreign currency 
exchange rate risk. 

Economic uncertainty in developing markets could adversely affect NTIC’s revenue and earnings.  

NTIC conducts business, or is contemplating expansion, in developing markets with economies that tend to be more 
volatile than those in the United States and Western Europe.  The risk of doing business in developing markets such as 
China, Brazil, India, Russia, the United Arab Emirates, Mexico, and other economically volatile areas could adversely 
affect NTIC’s operations and earnings. Such risks include the financial instability among customers in these regions, 
political instability, fraud or corruption, and other non-economic factors, such as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic 
and irregular trade flows that need to be managed successfully with the help of the local governments. In addition, 
commercial laws in some developing countries can be vague, inconsistently administered, and retroactively applied.  If 
NTIC is deemed not to be in compliance with applicable laws in developing countries where NTIC conducts business, 
its prospects and business in those countries could be harmed, which could then have a material adverse impact on 
NTIC’s operating results and financial position.  NTIC’s failure to successfully manage economic, political, and other 
risks relating to doing business in developing countries and economically and politically volatile areas could adversely 
affect its business. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s Products 

NTIC faces intense competition in almost all of its product lines, including from competitors that have substantially 
greater resources than NTIC does.  No assurance can be provided that NTIC will be able to compete effectively, 
which would harm its business and operating results. 

NTIC’s products are sold in intensely competitive markets throughout the world.  This intense competition could result 
in pricing pressures, lower sales, reduced margins, and lower market share.  With respect to its rust and corrosion 
inhibiting products, NTIC competes on the basis of product innovation, quality, reliability, product support, customer 
service, reputation, and price.  With respect to its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products, NTIC competes 
on the basis of performance, brand awareness, distribution network, product availability, product offering, shelf life, 
place of manufacture, and price.  NTIC often competes with numerous manufacturers, many of which have substantially 
greater financial, marketing, and other resources than NTIC.  As a result, they may be able to adapt more quickly than 
NTIC to new or emerging technologies, industry trends, and changes in customer requirements or to devote greater 

27 

 
 
resources to the promotion and sale of their products than NTIC.  In addition, competition could increase if new 
companies enter the markets in which NTIC competes, especially when the barriers to entry are low, which may be true 
with respect to NTIC’s rust and corrosion prevention business, or if existing competitors expand their product lines or 
intensify efforts within existing product lines.  NTIC’s current products, products under development, and its ability to 
develop new and improved products may be insufficient to enable NTIC to compete effectively with its competitors.  
No assurance can be provided that NTIC will be able to compete effectively, which would harm its business and 
operating results.  In particular, NTIC has experienced more intense competition with respect to many of its traditional 
ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services, which has led to decreased pricing and smaller margins 
for NTIC.  In fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2022, NTIC has experienced lower margins on its contracts with Chinese 
automotive customers as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and an increase in the production of electric vehicles, 
which have fewer parts that require corrosion inhibiting packaging.  NTIC anticipates that such intense competition 
likely will continue and that new competitors may emerge, including plastic extrusion companies, which would 
continue to adversely affect NTIC’s operating results. 

NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services generate a significant portion of NTIC’s net 
sales and the net sales of NTIC’s joint ventures.  Accordingly, if sales of these products and services were to decline, 
NTIC’s operating results would be adversely affected.  

NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services generate a significant portion of NTIC’s net sales 
and the net sales of NTIC’s joint ventures.  During fiscal 2022, 77.5% of NTIC’s consolidated net sales were derived 
from sales of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services.  While the net sales of NTIC’s joint 
ventures are not included in NTIC’s net sales on NTIC’s consolidated financial statements, NTIC’s receipt of fees for 
services that NTIC provides to its joint ventures and NTIC’s receipt of dividend distributions from its joint ventures are 
based primarily on the revenues and profitability of the joint ventures.  Accordingly, if sales of these products and 
services were to decline due to increased competition, the introduction of a new disruptive technology, or otherwise, 
NTIC’s operating results would be adversely affected. 

If NTIC is unable to continue to enhance its existing products and develop and market new products that respond to 
customer needs and achieve market acceptance, NTIC may experience a decrease in demand for its products, and its 
business could suffer. 

One of NTIC’s strategies is to enhance its existing products and develop and market new products that respond to 
customer needs.  NTIC may not be able to compete effectively with its competitors unless NTIC can keep up with 
existing or new products or alternative technologies in the markets in which it competes.  Product development requires 
significant research and development, financial, and other resources.  Although in the past NTIC has implemented lean 
manufacturing and other productivity improvement initiatives to provide investment funding for new products, no 
assurance can be provided that NTIC will be able to continue to do so in the future.  Product improvements and new 
product introductions also require significant planning, design, development, and testing at the technological, product, 
and manufacturing process levels, and NTIC may not be able to timely develop product improvements or new products.  
NTIC’s competitors’ new products may beat NTIC’s products to market, may be more effective or less expensive than 
NTIC’s products, or may render NTIC’s products obsolete.  Any new products that NTIC may develop may not receive 
market acceptance or otherwise generate any meaningful net sales or profits for NTIC relative to its expectations, based 
on, among other things, existing and anticipated investments in manufacturing capacity and commitments to fund 
advertising, marketing, promotional programs, and research and development. 

NTIC has invested and intends to continue to invest additional research and development and marketing efforts and 
resources into the application of its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and the continued 
launch of its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products.  No assurance can be provided, however, that 
NTIC’s investments in these new markets and products will be successful and result in additional revenue to NTIC. 

In an effort to increase net sales, NTIC has expanded the marketing of its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and 
gas industry and its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products.  NTIC expects to continue to invest additional 
research and development and marketing efforts and resources into these strategic initiatives.  No assurance can be 
provided, however, that such strategic initiatives will be successful or that NTIC will be successful in obtaining 
additional revenue as a result of them.  The introduction of new products into new markets takes significant resources, 
and there can be no assurance that NTIC is dedicating a sufficient amount of resources to ensure the success of these 
strategic initiatives.  The sale of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services into the oil and 

28 

 
gas industry, in particular, typically involves a long sales cycle, often including a one- to multi-year trial period with 
each customer and a slow integration process thereafter.  This long sales cycle may cause NTIC’s management, 
stockholders, and investors to lose faith in the business opportunities for NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion 
inhibiting products and services in the oil and gas industry. Additionally, projects NTIC completes for oil and gas 
industry customers typically involve short turnaround times, and failure to meet these expectations could damage 
NTIC’s ability to successfully promote its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry. 

NTIC’s strategy of expanding its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and continuing the 
expansion of its Natur-Tec® bioplastics resin compounds and finished products is risky and may not prove to be 
successful, which could harm NTIC’s operating results and financial condition. 

NTIC’s strategy of expanding its corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and continuing the 
expansion of its Natur-Tec® bioplastics resin compounds and finished products, either directly or indirectly through 
joint ventures and independent distributors and agents, is risky and subject to all of the risks inherent in the 
establishment of a new business enterprise, including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the absence of a significant operating history;  
the lack of commercialized products;  
the lack of market acceptance of new products; 
expected substantial and continual losses for such businesses for the foreseeable future;  
the lack of manufacturing experience and limited marketing experience;  
an expected reliance on third parties for the manufacture and commercialization of some of the products;  
a competitive environment characterized by numerous, well-established and well-capitalized competitors;  
insufficient capital and other resources;  
reliance on key personnel and the need to hire and train local support in a timely manner in order to support 
customer needs; and 

•  NTIC’s dependence on manufacturing and logistical services provided by contractors could give rise to 

product defect or warranty liability.  

NTIC uses third-party manufacturers to produce the majority of its products.  In addition, NTIC relies upon certain 
contractors for logistical services.  Although NTIC’s arrangements with its contract manufacturers and contractors may 
contain provisions for warranty expense reimbursement, NTIC may remain responsible to its customers for warranty 
service in the event of product defects and could experience an unanticipated product defect or warranty liability.  In 
addition, product defects could harm NTIC’s reputation amongst its customers. 

The commercial success of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products depends on the widespread 
market acceptance of products manufactured with bio-based and biodegradable resins.  

Although there is a developed market for petroleum-based plastics, the market for “bioplastics” which are plastics 
produced with bio-based resins, which are derived from renewable resources such as corn or cellulosic/plant material or 
blends thereof, or plastics that are engineered to be fully biodegradable or both, is still developing.  The commercial 
success of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products depends on the widespread market acceptance of 
products manufactured with bio-based and biodegradable resins, which may result, in part, from government action at 
the federal, state or local level. For example, in June 2022, the State of California passed a law intended to reduce 
single-use plastics. Internationally, the government of India recently announced a phased ban on the manufacture and 
sale of single-use plastics beginning in July 2022. Similarly, in January 2021, China implemented a ban on single-use 
plastic utensils, bags and certain other single-use plastic items. Despite these efforts and other measures taken at the 
federal, state and local levels, including policies related to the collection of organics, it is currently difficult to assess or 
predict with any assurance the potential size, timing, and viability of market opportunities for NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin 
compounds and finished products.  The traditional plastics market sector is well-established with entrenched 
competitors with whom NTIC competes.  Pricing for traditional plastics has been highly volatile in recent years, which 
drives, to some extent, the commercial and other support for bioplastics.  While NTIC expects to be able to command a 
premium price for its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products, a widening gap in the pricing for bioplastics 
versus petroleum-based plastics may reduce the size of the addressable market for NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds 
and finished products.  In addition, the growth of the market will create some pressure on price for applications today 
considered commodities, including in particular NTIC’s current Natur-Tec® finished products. 

29 

 
 
NTIC relies on its joint ventures, distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and other agents to market and 
sell its products. 

In addition to its direct sales force, NTIC relies on its joint ventures, distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, 
and other agents to market and sell its products in the United States and internationally.  NTIC’s joint ventures, 
distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and other agents might terminate their relationship with NTIC or 
devote insufficient sales efforts to NTIC’s products.  NTIC does not control its joint ventures, distributors, 
manufacturer’s sales representatives, and other agents, and they may not be successful in implementing NTIC’s 
marketing plans.  NTIC’s failure to maintain its existing relationships with these entities, or its failure to recruit and 
retain additional skilled joint venture partners, distributors, manufacturer’s sales representatives, and other agents, could 
have an adverse effect on NTIC’s operations.  It is anticipated that several of NTIC’s joint venture partners will retire 
during the next several years, which will require a transition on the part of the joint venture as well as NTIC and could 
harm NTIC’s relationship with the joint venture and NTIC’s business. 

NTIC may be subject to product liability claims or other claims arising out of the activities of its joint ventures, 
which could adversely affect NTIC and its business. 

While NTIC is not aware of any specific potential risk beyond its initial investment in, and any undistributed earnings 
of, each of its joint ventures, there can be no assurance that NTIC will not be subject to lawsuits based on product 
liability claims or other claims arising out of the activities of its joint ventures.  To mitigate the ramifications of such an 
occurrence, NTIC maintains liability insurance specifically applicable to its ownership positions in its joint venture 
arrangements in excess of any insurance the joint ventures may maintain.  No assurance can be provided, however, that 
such insurance will be available or adequate in the event of a claim. 

The sale of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and gas industry is risky in light of the 
hazards typically associated with such operations and the significant amount of potential liability involved, which 
could adversely affect NTIC’s business if ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products are involved, even if the 
cause of such events was not related to NTIC’s products. 

Because NTIC sells its ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and gas industry, NTIC is subject to 
some of the risks and hazards typically associated with such operations, including hazards such as fire, explosion, 
blowouts, cratering, unplanned gas releases, and spills, each of which could be claimed to be attributed to the failure of 
NTIC’s products to perform as anticipated.  If such events occur and NTIC’s products are involved, NTIC’s business 
and operating results may suffer, even if the cause of such events was not related to NTIC’s products. 

The sale of ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and gas industry is dependent on certain 
macroeconomic factors, including seasonality of installations, fluctuations of crude oil prices, global events and 
regulatory guidelines.  

Seasonality of Installations: In the past, NTIC has experienced some seasonality with respect to the sale of its 
ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and gas industry, with sales during parts of the second and 
third fiscal quarters being adversely affected by winter in the United States.  

Fluctuations of Crude Oil Prices: The sale of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products into the oil and 
gas industry, particularly in the United States, has historically been hampered by low/unstable global crude oil prices. 
Although the price of crude oil neared an all-time high in fiscal 2022, low global crude oil prices have been and may in 
the future be caused OPEC decisions and other macroeconomic factors affecting supply and demand. NTIC believes 
low global crude oil prices constrain capital improvement budgets of its existing and prospective customers and may 
result in personnel turnover at its oil and gas customers or prospects. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine 
has escalated tensions between Russia and other countries, some of which have imposed sanctions and taken other 
economic actions that have contributed to, and are expected to continue to contribute to, rising global crude oil prices, 
which prices had already risen substantially due to inflationary pressures. Additional international sanctions against 
Russia may be imposed, which could further increase these costs. NTIC believes the ongoing conflict between Russia 
and Ukraine and the continued impact of high rates of inflation may create uncertainty among its existing and 
prospective customers, which may cause them to halt oil and gas projects or elect to decrease capital improvement 
budgets, either of which could harm NTIC’s ability to sell its products into the oil and gas industry. 

30 

 
Global Events: The sale of Zerust Oil & Gas solutions to Oil & Gas sector clients is impacted by events like the 
COVID pandemic and geopolitical tensions in key oil producing regions like the Middle East. These affect the ability of 
the teams to have face-to-face meetings, travel for site surveys and implementations, etc., with the added effect of 
potential supply chain delays/impacts that could delay or postpone sales.  

Regulatory Guidelines: The Oil & Gas sector is very conservative and, in addition to long-term trials on-site, client 
decision makers typically default to guidelines from the American Petroleum Institute (API), Association of Materials 
Protection and Performance (AMPP), Pipeline Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), European 
Committee for the Study of Corrosion (CEOCOR), etc. Getting a new technology/solution approach included in these 
guidelines typically takes years of committee lobbying, client support, field trials and lab validation. The Zerust 
solutions have been included in several technical reports/committees from these groups though getting full validation is 
likely to take a few more years.   

The expansion of NTIC’s corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and the continued launch of 
NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products may require additional capital in the future, which may 
not be available or may be available only on unfavorable terms.  In addition, any equity financings may be dilutive to 
NTIC’s stockholders. 

The expansion of NTIC’s corrosion prevention solutions into the oil and gas industry and the continued expansion of 
NTIC’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products will continue to require resources during fiscal 2023 and 
beyond.  To the extent that NTIC’s existing capital, including amounts available under its revolving line of credit, is 
insufficient to meet these requirements, NTIC may raise additional capital through financings or additional borrowings. 
Any equity or debt financing, if available at all, may be on terms that are not favorable to NTIC, and any equity 
financings could result in dilution to NTIC’s stockholders. 

Risks Related to Governmental Regulation, Laws, and Compliance 

NTIC’s business, properties, and products are subject to governmental regulation and taxes, compliance with which 
may require NTIC to incur expenses or modify its products or operations, and which may expose NTIC to penalties 
for non-compliance.  Governmental regulation also may adversely affect the demand for some of NTIC’s products 
and its operating results. 

NTIC’s business, properties, and products are subject to a wide variety of international, federal, state, and local laws, 
rules, taxes, and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, natural resources, and worker health and 
safety and the use, management, storage, and disposal of hazardous substances, wastes, and other regulated materials.  
These laws, rules, and regulations may affect the way NTIC conducts its operations, and the failure to comply with 
these regulations could lead to fines and other penalties. These laws, rules, and regulations may be subject to change by 
the Biden administration, which has stalled construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline and may in the future take action 
to further restrict such activities. Additionally, new environmental laws, rules, and regulations, such as certain 
provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which includes measures to reduce emissions, may be enacted, which 
may adversely affect NTIC’s business. Further, because NTIC owns and operates real property, various environmental 
laws also may impose liability on NTIC for the costs of cleaning up and responding to hazardous substances that may 
have been released on NTIC’s property, including releases unknown to NTIC.  These environmental laws and 
regulations also could require NTIC to pay for environmental remediation and response costs at third-party locations 
where NTIC disposed of or recycled hazardous substances.  NTIC’s future costs of complying with the various 
environmental requirements, as they now exist or may be altered in the future, could adversely affect NTIC’s financial 
condition and operating results.  NTIC is also subject to other international, federal, and state laws, rules, and 
regulations, the future non-compliance with which may harm NTIC’s business or may adversely affect the demand for 
some of its products.  Changes in laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards and taxation changes, 
including tax rate changes, new tax laws, including the changes to U.S. federal tax laws included in the Inflation 
Reduction Act of 2022, such as a 1% excise tax on stock repurchases, and revised tax law interpretations, also may 
adversely affect NTIC’s operating results. 

31 

 
 
 
Fluctuations in NTIC’s effective tax rate could have a significant impact on NTIC’s financial position, results of 
operations, or cash flows. 

The mix of pre-tax income or loss among the tax jurisdictions in which NTIC operates, which have varying tax rates, 
could impact NTIC’s effective tax rate.  NTIC is subject to income taxes as well as non-income based taxes in both the 
United States and various foreign jurisdictions.  Judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision for 
income taxes, other tax liabilities, interest, and penalties.  Future events could change management’s assessment.  NTIC 
operates within multiple taxing jurisdictions and is subject to tax audits in these jurisdictions.  These audits can involve 
complex issues, which may require an extended period of time to resolve.  NTIC also has made assumptions about the 
realization of deferred tax assets.  Changes in these assumptions or jurisdictional regulations could result in a valuation 
allowance for these assets.  Final determination of tax audits or tax disputes may be different from what is currently 
reflected by NTIC’s income tax provisions and accruals.  

Certain of NTIC’s operations are subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.  

The manufacture, sale, and use of NTIC’s Natur-Tec® bio-plastic resin compounds are subject to regulation by the 
U.S. FDA.  The FDA’s regulations are concerned with substances used indirectly in food packaging materials, not with 
specific finished food packaging products.  Thus, food and beverage containers are in compliance with FDA regulations 
if the components used in the food and beverage containers: (i) are approved by the FDA as indirect food additives for 
their intended uses and comply with the applicable FDA indirect food additive regulations; or (ii) are generally 
recognized as safe for their intended uses and are of suitable purity for those intended uses.  NTIC believes that its 
Natur-Tec® resin compounds comply with all FDA requirements.  However, failure to comply with FDA regulations 
could subject NTIC to administrative, civil, or criminal penalties. 

NTIC’s compliance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and any changes 
in such principles might adversely affect NTIC’s operating results and financial condition.  Any requirement to 
consolidate NTIC’s joint ventures could adversely affect NTIC’s operating results and financial condition.  

If there were a change in accounting rules and NTIC were required to fully consolidate its joint ventures or if NTIC’s 
joint ventures otherwise would be required to be consolidated with NTIC, NTIC and the individual joint venture would 
incur significant additional costs.  In addition, other accounting pronouncements issued in the future could have a 
material cost associated with NTIC’s implementation of such new accounting pronouncements. 

Risks Related to NTIC’s Intellectual Property 

NTIC’s reliance upon patents, trademark laws, trade secrets, and contractual provisions to protect its proprietary 
rights may not be sufficient to protect its intellectual property from others who may sell similar products. 

NTIC holds patents relating to various aspects of its products and believes that proprietary technical know-how is 
critical to many of its products.  Proprietary rights relating to NTIC’s products are protected from unauthorized use by 
third parties only to the extent that they are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are maintained in confidence as 
trade secrets.  NTIC cannot be certain that it will be issued any patents from any pending or future patent applications 
owned by or licensed to NTIC or that the claims allowed under any issued patents will be sufficiently broad to protect 
its technology.  In the absence of patent protection, NTIC may be vulnerable to competitors who attempt to copy 
NTIC’s products or gain access to its trade secrets and know-how.  NTIC’s competitors may initiate litigation to 
challenge the validity of NTIC’s patents, or they may use their resources to design comparable products that do not 
infringe NTIC’s patents.  NTIC may incur substantial costs if its competitors initiate litigation to challenge the validity 
of its patents or if it initiates any proceedings to protect its proprietary rights, and if the outcome of any such litigation is 
unfavorable to NTIC, its business and operating results could be materially adversely affected. 

In addition, NTIC relies substantially on trade secrets and proprietary know-how that it seeks to protect, in part, by 
confidentiality agreements with its employees and consultants.  These agreements may be breached, and NTIC may not 
have adequate remedies for any such breach.  Even if these confidentiality agreements are not breached, NTIC’s trade 
secrets may otherwise become known or be independently developed by competitors. 

32 

 
Risks Related to NTIC’s Common Stock 

The trading volume of NTIC’s common stock is typically very low, leaving NTIC’s common stock open to risk of 
high volatility. 

The number of shares of NTIC’s common stock being traded daily is often very low, and on some trading days, there is 
no trading volume at all.  During fiscal 2022, the daily trading volume ranged from 0 shares to 40,600 shares.  Any 
NTIC stockholder wishing to sell his, her, or its stock may cause a significant fluctuation in the trading price of NTIC’s 
common stock.  In addition, low trading volume of a stock increases the possibility that, despite rules against such 
activity, the price of the stock may be manipulated by persons acting in their own self-interest.  NTIC may not have 
adequate market makers and market making activity to prevent manipulation in its common stock. 

The price and trading volume of NTIC’s common stock has been, and may continue to be, volatile. 

The market price and trading volume of NTIC’s common stock price historically has fluctuated over a wide range.  
During fiscal 2022, the sale price of NTIC’s common stock ranged from a low of $9.05 per share to a high of $18.00 per 
share, and the daily trading volume ranged from 0 shares to 40,600 shares.  It is likely that the price and trading volume 
of NTIC’s common stock will continue to fluctuate in the future.  The securities of small capitalization companies, 
including NTIC, from time-to-time experience significant price and volume fluctuations, often unrelated to the 
operating performance of these companies.  Securities class action litigation is sometimes brought against a company 
following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities or for other reasons.  NTIC may become the target of 
similar litigation, especially if NTIC fails to meet its annual projected financial guidance or lowers its annual projected 
financial guidance.  Securities litigation, whether with or without merit, could result in substantial costs and divert 
management’s attention and resources, which could harm NTIC’s business, operating results, and financial condition as 
well as the market price of its common stock. 

A large percentage of NTIC’s outstanding common stock is held by insiders, and, as a result, the trading market for 
NTIC’s common stock is not as liquid as the stock of other public companies. 

As of November 14, 2022, NTIC had 9,366,357 shares of common stock outstanding, 22.4% of which were beneficially 
owned by directors, executive officers, principal stockholders, and their respective affiliates.  The stock of companies 
with a substantial amount of stock held by insiders is usually not as liquid as the stock of other public companies where 
insider ownership is not as concentrated.  Thus, the trading market for shares of NTIC’s common stock may not be as 
liquid as the stock of other public companies. 

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about NTIC’s business, or if they adversely 
change their recommendations regarding NTIC’s common stock, the market price for NTIC’s common stock and 
trading volume could decline. 

The trading market for NTIC’s common stock has been influenced by research or reports that industry or securities 
analysts publish about NTIC or its business.  If one or more analysts who cover NTIC downgrade NTIC’s common 
stock, the market price for NTIC’s common stock would likely decline.  If one or more cease coverage of NTIC or fail 
to regularly publish reports on NTIC, NTIC could lose visibility in the financial markets, which, in turn, could cause the 
market price or trading volume for NTIC’s common stock to decline. 

One of NTIC’s principal stockholders beneficially owns a significant percentage of NTIC’s outstanding common 
stock and is affiliated with NTIC’s President and Chief Executive Officer and, thus, may be able to influence matters 
requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors, and could discourage or otherwise impede a 
transaction in which a third-party wishes to purchase NTIC’s outstanding shares at a premium. 

As of November 14, 2022, Inter Alia Holding Company, or Inter Alia, beneficially owned approximately 12.8% of 
NTIC’s outstanding common stock.  Inter Alia is an entity partially owned by G. Patrick Lynch, NTIC’s President and 
Chief Executive Officer and director, as well as two other members of the Lynch family.  Mr. Lynch shares voting and 
dispositive power of shares of NTIC’s common stock held by Inter Alia with the other owners.  As a result of his share 
ownership through Inter Alia and his position as President and Chief Executive Officer and director of NTIC, 
Mr. Lynch may be able to influence the affairs and actions of NTIC, including matters requiring stockholder approval, 
such as the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions.  The interests of Mr. Lynch and Inter 

33 

 
Alia may differ from the interests of NTIC’s other stockholders.  This concentration of ownership may have the effect 
of delaying, preventing, or deterring a change in control of NTIC, could deprive NTIC’s stockholders of an opportunity 
to receive a premium for their common stock as part of a sale or merger of NTIC, and may negatively affect the market 
price of NTIC’s common stock.  Transactions that could be affected by this concentration of ownership include proxy 
contests, tender offers, mergers, or other purchases of common stock that could give stockholders the opportunity to 
realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price for shares of NTIC’s common stock. 

General Risk Factors 

Climate change, or legal, regulatory, or market measures to address climate change, may negatively affect our 
business and operations. 

Climate change resulting from increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere 
may have an adverse impact on global temperatures, weather patterns and the frequency and severity of extreme 
weather and natural disasters, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, wildfires or flooding. Climate change may 
also cause water shortages, changes in rainfall and storm patterns, changes in sea levels and other negative weather and 
climate patterns. Such weather conditions could pose physical risks to our facilities and disrupt operation of our supply 
chain and may impact operational costs. 

The increasing global focus on climate change and the need for corporate change also may lead to new regional, federal, 
and/or global legal and regulatory requirements to reduce or mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases. Inconsistency of 
regulations in the countries in which we operate may affect the costs of compliance with such legal or regulatory 
requirements. Additionally, in the event that such regulation is enacted and is more aggressive than the sustainability 
measures that we are currently undertaking to monitor our emissions and improve our energy efficiently, we may be 
subject to curtailment or reduced access to resources or experience significant increases in our costs of operation and 
delivery. As a result, climate change could negatively affect our business and operations. 

In addition, public company stockholders are increasingly sensitive to the climate change impacts and mitigation efforts 
of companies, are increasingly seeking enhanced disclosure on the risks, challenges, governance implications, and 
financial impacts of climate change faced by companies and are demanding that companies take a proactive approach to 
addressing perceived environmental risks, including risks associated with climate change, relating to their operations. In 
an effort to increase climate change disclosure, the SEC proposed climate disclosure rules that would require new 
climate-related disclosure in SEC filings, as described below. Adverse publicity or climate-related litigation that may 
result from such enhanced disclosure or stockholder perception could have a negative impact on our business. 

New climate disclosure rules, if adopted by the SEC, may increase our costs and litigation risks, which would 
materially and adversely affect our future results of operations and financial condition. 

During fiscal 2022, the SEC proposed new climate disclosure rules, which if adopted, would require new climate-
related disclosure in SEC filings, including certain climate-related metrics and greenhouse gas emissions data, 
information about climate-related targets and goals, transition plans, if any, and extensive attestation requirements. In 
addition to requiring filers to quantify and disclose direct emissions data, the new rules also would require disclosure of 
climate impact arising from the operations and uses by the filer’s business partners and contractors and end-users of the 
filer’s products and/or services. We are currently assessing the impact of the new rules, if adopted as proposed, but at 
this time, we cannot predict the costs of implementation or any potential adverse impacts resulting from the new rules if 
adopted. However, we may incur increased costs relating to the assessment and disclosure of climate-related risks and 
increased litigation risks related to disclosures made pursuant to the new rules, either of which could materially and 
adversely affect our future results of operations and financial condition.  

Severe weather could have a material adverse effect on our business.   

NTIC’s business has been and could in the future be materially and adversely affected by severe weather. NTIC’s 
customers, including in particular NTIC’s oil and gas customers, may have operations located in parts of the southern 
United States or other places and may be adversely affected by hurricanes and tropical storms, resulting in reduced 
demand for NTIC’s products and services or increased operating costs. Furthermore, NTIC’s customers and raw 
material suppliers’ operations have been and could in the future be adversely affected by such hurricanes and other 
extreme or seasonal weather conditions.  For example, during fiscal year 2021, extreme weather caused supply chain 

34 

 
disruptions and caused delays in receiving base resins. Adverse weather can also directly impede NTIC’s operations. 
Repercussions of severe weather conditions may include: 

curtailment of services or reduced demand for products; 

• 
•  weather-related damage to facilities and equipment, resulting in suspension of operations; 
• 

inability to deliver equipment, personnel and products to job sites in accordance with contract schedules or 
increased transportation or other operating costs; and  
loss of productivity. 

• 

These constraints could delay NTIC’s operations and materially increase NTIC’s operating and capital costs.  

NTIC may grow its business through additional joint ventures, subsidiaries, alliances, and acquisitions, which could 
be risky and harm its business. 

One of NTIC’s growth strategies may be to expand its business by entering into additional joint ventures and alliances 
and acquiring businesses, technologies, and products that complement or augment NTIC’s existing products.  The 
benefits of a joint venture, alliance, or acquisition may take more time than expected to develop, and NTIC cannot 
guarantee that any future joint ventures, alliances, or acquisitions will in fact produce the intended benefits. In addition, 
joint ventures, alliances, and acquisitions involve a number of risks, including: 

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

diversion of management’s attention; 
difficulties in assimilating the operations and products of a new joint venture or acquired business or in 
realizing projected efficiencies, cost savings, and revenue synergies; 
potential loss of key employees or customers of the new joint venture or acquired business or adverse effects 
on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; 
adverse impact on overall profitability if the new joint venture or acquired business does not achieve the 
financial results projected in NTIC’s valuation models; 
reallocation of amounts of capital from other operating initiatives and/or an increase in NTIC’s leverage and 
debt service requirements to pay the joint venture capital contribution or the acquisition purchase price, which 
could in turn restrict NTIC’s ability to access additional capital when needed or to pursue other important 
elements of NTIC’s business strategy; 
inaccurate assessment of undisclosed, contingent, or other liabilities or problems and unanticipated costs 
associated with the new joint venture or acquisition; and 
incorrect estimates made in the accounting for acquisitions, occurrence of non-recurring charges, and write-off 
of significant amounts of goodwill that could adversely affect NTIC’s operating results. 

NTIC’s ability to grow through joint ventures, alliances, and acquisitions will depend, in part, on the availability of 
suitable opportunities at an acceptable cost, NTIC’s ability to compete effectively for these opportunities, and the 
availability of capital to complete such transactions. 

NTIC relies on its management information systems for inventory management, distribution, and other functions.  If 
these information systems fail to adequately perform these functions or if NTIC experiences an interruption in their 
operation, NTIC’s business and operating results could be adversely affected. 

The efficient operation of NTIC’s business is dependent on its management information systems.  NTIC relies on its 
management information systems to effectively manage accounting and financial functions; manage order entry, order 
fulfillment, and inventory replenishment processes; and to maintain its research and development data.  The failure of 
management information systems to perform as anticipated could disrupt NTIC’s business and product development 
and could result in decreased sales, causing NTIC’s business and operating results to suffer.  In addition, NTIC’s 
management information systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural or man-made disasters, 
including terrorist attacks, attacks by computer viruses or hackers, power loss to computer systems, Internet outages, 
and telecommunications or data network failure.  Any such interruption could adversely affect NTIC’s business and 
operating results. 

35 

 
 
 
NTIC’s business could be negatively impacted by cyber security threats.  

In the ordinary course of NTIC’s business, NTIC uses its management information systems to store and access 
proprietary business information.  NTIC faces various cyber security threats, including cyber security attacks to its 
information technology infrastructure and attempts by others to gain access to its proprietary or sensitive information. 
The procedures and controls NTIC uses to monitor these threats and mitigate its exposure may not be sufficient to 
prevent cyber security incidents.  The result of these incidents could include disrupted operations, lost opportunities, 
misstated financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased costs arising from the implementation of 
additional security protective measures, litigation, and reputational damage.  Any remedial costs or other liabilities 
related to cyber security incidents may not be fully insured or indemnified by other means. Additionally, on February 9, 
2022, the SEC proposed new rules related to cyber security risk management, which may increase NTIC’s regulatory 
burden and cost of compliance related to cyber security threats. 

NTIC’s quarterly results are typically unpredictable and subject to variation. 

NTIC’s quarterly operating results vary from quarter to quarter for a variety of reasons.  For example, NTIC’s quarterly 
sales to joint ventures can be affected by individual orders to joint ventures.  Because of the typical size of individual 
orders to joint ventures and the overall size of NTIC’s net sales to joint ventures, the timing of one or more orders can 
materially affect NTIC’s quarterly sales to joint ventures and the comparisons to prior year quarters.  In addition, 
because of the typical size of individual orders and the overall size of NTIC’s net sales derived from sales of Natur-
Tec® products, the timing of one or more orders can materially affect NTIC’s quarterly sales of Natur-Tec® products 
and the comparisons to prior year quarters.  Furthermore, since ZERUST® products for the oil and gas industry typically 
carry higher margins than other traditional ZERUST® products, the amount of sales of ZERUST® products for the oil 
and gas industry typically affects NTIC’s overall margins.  Such variability in operating results makes the prediction of 
NTIC’s net sales, earnings, and other operating results for each quarter difficult and increases the risk of unanticipated 
variations in quarterly operating results.  NTIC’s quarterly results have been and, in the future, may be below the 
expectations of public market analysts and investors. 

NTIC’s business is subject to a number of other miscellaneous risks that may adversely affect NTIC’s operating 
results, financial condition, or business. 

NTIC’s business is subject to a number of other miscellaneous risks that may adversely affect NTIC’s operating results, 
and financial condition, such as natural or man-made disasters, an unexpected business loss of supply due to a force 
majeure event or global pandemics that may result in shortages of raw materials, higher commodity costs, an increase in 
insurance premiums, and other adverse effects on NTIC’s business; the continued threat of terrorist acts and war that 
may result in heightened security and higher costs for import and export shipments of components or finished goods; 
and the ability of NTIC’s management to adapt to unplanned events. 

Item 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable. 

Item 2. 

PROPERTIES 

NTIC’s principal executive offices, production facilities, and domestic research and development operations are located 
at 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014.  NTIC owns this real estate and building.  NTIC also owns 
real estate and a building in Beachwood, Ohio, which it uses for office, manufacturing, laboratory, and warehouse 
space.   

Internationally, NTIC’s subsidiaries in Brazil, India, Mexico, and China all lease office, warehouse, and laboratory 
space. In July 2021, NTIC China entered into a purchase agreement to acquire an approximately 21,000 square feet 
industrial building and the right to use certain real estate in the Qingpu District of Shanghai, China, which has been used 
as China’s new corporate headquarters since February 2022. In addition, as a result of the HNTI acquisition, NTIC also 
leases office, warehouse, and laboratory space in Chennai, India.   

36 

 
Additionally, NTIC has contract warehousing agreements in California and Indiana to hold and release stock products to 
customers. NTIC’s management considers its current properties suitable and adequate for its current and foreseeable 
needs.   

Item 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

For information regarding NTIC’s legal proceedings, see Note 17 to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements. 

Item 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable. 

37 

 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Market Information 

NTIC’s common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “NTIC.”   

Dividends 

During fiscal 2022, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the following dates in the following amounts 
to holders of record of the Company’s common stock as of the following record dates: 

Declaration Date 
October 20, 2021 
January 21, 2022 
April 22, 2022 
July 20, 2022 

Amount 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 

Record Date 
November 3, 2021 
February 2, 2022 
May 4, 2022 
August 3, 2022 

Payable Date 
November 17, 2021 
February 16, 2022 
May 18, 2022 
August 17, 2022 

On October 20, 2022, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per share of NTIC’s common stock, 
payable on November 16, 2022 to stockholders of record on November 3, 2022. The declaration of future dividends is 
not guaranteed and will be determined by NTIC’s Board of Directors in light of conditions then existing, including 
NTIC’s earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, restrictions in financing agreements, business conditions, and 
other factors, including without limitation the effect of COVID-19 on its business, operating results, and financial 
condition. 

Number of Record Holders 

As of August 31, 2022, there were 158 record holders of NTIC’s common stock.  This does not include shares held in 
“street name” or beneficially owned. 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities 

NTIC did not sell any shares of its common stock or any other equity securities of NTIC that were not registered under 
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

NTIC did not purchase any shares of its common stock or other equity securities of NTIC during the fourth quarter of 
fiscal 2022.  As of August 31, 2022, up to $2,640,548 in shares of NTIC common stock remained available for 
repurchase under NTIC’s stock repurchase program. 

Item 6. 

[RESERVED] 

38 

 
 
 
 
Item 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 

OF OPERATIONS 

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis provides material historical and prospective disclosures intended to enable 
investors and other users to assess NTIC’s financial condition and results of operations.  Statements that are not 
historical are forward-looking and involve risks and uncertainties discussed under the heading “Part I.  Item 1. 
Business—Forward-Looking Statements” and under the heading “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors.”  The following 
discussion of the results of the operations and financial condition of NTIC should be read in conjunction with NTIC’s 
consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included under “Part II. Item 8. Financial Statements and 
Supplementary Data.”   

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis is organized in the following major sections: 

•  Business Overview.  This section provides a brief overview description of NTIC’s business, focusing in 

particular on developments during the most recent fiscal year.   

•  NTIC’s Subsidiaries and Joint Venture Network.  This section provides a brief overview of NTIC’s 

subsidiaries and its joint venture network, the joint ventures which are considered individually significant to 
NTIC’s consolidated assets and income, and how NTIC’s joint ventures are accounted for by NTIC. 
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. This section provides a brief summary of the impacts to date and 
potential future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

• 

•  Worldwide Supply Chain Disruptions.  This section provides a brief summary of the impacts to date and 

potential future impacts of worldwide supply chain disruptions. 

•  Financial Overview.  This section provides a brief summary of NTIC’s financial results and financial 

condition for fiscal 2022 compared to 2021. 

•  Sales and Expense Components.  This section provides a brief description of the significant line items in 

NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations. 

•  Results of Operations.  This section provides an analysis of the significant line items in NTIC’s consolidated 

statements of operations. 

•  Liquidity and Capital Resources.  This section provides an analysis of NTIC’s liquidity and cash flows and a 

• 

discussion of NTIC’s financial condition and financial commitments. 
Inflation and Seasonality.  This section describes the effects of inflation and seasonality, if any, on NTIC’s 
business and operating results. 

•  Market Risk.  This section describes material market risks to which NTIC is subject. 
•  Related Party Transactions.  This section describes any material related party transactions to which NTIC is 

a party. 

•  Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.  This section discusses NTIC’s critical accounting policies and 
estimates, which require NTIC to exercise subjective or complex judgments in their application. NTIC’s 
significant accounting policies, including its critical accounting estimates, are summarized in Note 1 to NTIC’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

•  Recent Accounting Pronouncements.  This section references Note 2 to NTIC’s consolidated financial 

statements, which summarizes the effect of recently issued accounting pronouncements on NTIC’s results of 
operations and financial condition. 

Business Overview 

NTIC develops and markets proprietary, environmentally beneficial products and services in over 65 countries either 
directly or via a network of subsidiaries, joint ventures, independent distributors, and agents.  NTIC’s primary business 
is corrosion prevention products and services, marketed mainly under the ZERUST® brand.  NTIC has been selling its 
proprietary ZERUST® products and services to the automotive, electronics, electrical, mechanical, military, and retail 
consumer markets for almost 50 years and, more recently, has also expanded into the oil and gas industry.  Additionally, 
NTIC markets and sells a portfolio of proprietary bio-based and certified compostable (fully biodegradable) polymer 
resin compounds and finished products under the Natur-Tec® brand.  These products are intended to reduce NTIC’s 
customers’ carbon footprint and provide environmentally sound waste disposal options.   

NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products include plastic and paper packaging, liquids, coatings, rust 
removers, cleaners, and diffusers as well as engineered solutions designed specifically for the oil and gas industry.  

39 

 
 
NTIC also offers worldwide, on-site, technical consulting for rust and corrosion prevention issues.  NTIC’s technical 
service consultants work directly with the end users of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products to 
analyze their specific needs and develop systems to meet their performance requirements.  In North America, NTIC 
sells its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions through a network of independent distributors and agents supported 
by a direct sales force.   

Internationally, NTIC sells its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions through its wholly-owned subsidiary in China, 
NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (NTIC China), starting September 1, 2021 its wholly-owned subsidiary in India, HNTI Ltd., 
its majority-owned joint venture holding company for NTIC’s joint venture investments in the Association of Southeast 
Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, NTI Asean LLC (NTI Asean), certain majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries, 
and joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, and Asia.  NTIC also sells products directly to its European 
joint venture partners through its wholly-owned subsidiary in Germany, NTIC Europe GmbH (NTI Europe). 

One of NTIC’s strategic initiatives is to expand into and penetrate other markets for its ZERUST® corrosion prevention 
technologies.  Consequently, for the past several years, NTIC has focused significant sales and marketing efforts on the 
oil and gas industry, as the infrastructure that supports that industry is typically constructed using metals that are highly 
susceptible to corrosion.  NTIC believes that its ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions will minimize maintenance 
downtime on critical oil and gas industry infrastructure, extend the life of such infrastructure, and reduce the risk of 
environmental pollution due to leaks caused by corrosion. NTIC markets and sells its ZERUST® rust and corrosion 
prevention solutions to customers in the oil and gas industry in a continuously increasing number of countries either 
directly, through its subsidiaries, or through its joint venture partners and other strategic partners.  The sale of 
ZERUST® corrosion prevention solutions to customers in the oil and gas industry typically involves long sales cycles, 
often including multi-year trial periods with each customer and a slow integration process thereafter. 

Natur-Tec® bio-based and compostable plastics are manufactured using NTIC’s patented and/or proprietary 
technologies and are intended to replace conventional petroleum-based plastics.  The Natur-Tec® biopolymer resin 
compound portfolio includes formulations that have been optimized for a variety of applications, including blown-film 
extrusion, extrusion coating, injection molding, and engineered plastics.  These resin compounds are certified to be fully 
biodegradable in a composting environment and are currently being used to produce finished products, including can 
liners, shopping and grocery bags, lawn and leaf bags, branded apparel packaging bags and accessories, and various 
foodservice items, such as disposable cutlery, drinking straws, food-handling gloves, and coated paper products.  In 
North America, NTIC markets its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products primarily through a network of 
regional and national distributors as well as independent agents.  NTIC continues to see significant opportunities for 
finished bioplastic products and, therefore, continues to strengthen and expand its North American distribution network 
for finished Natur-Tec® bioplastic products.   

Internationally, NTIC sells its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products both directly and through its wholly-
owned subsidiary in China and majority-owned subsidiaries in India and Sri Lanka, and through distributors and certain 
joint ventures. 

NTIC’s Subsidiaries and Joint Venture Network 

NTIC has ownership interests in 10 operating subsidiaries in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia, which 
are listed in “Part I. Item 1. Business” of this annual report on Form 10-K. The results of these subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements, including HNTI Limited, which was consolidated 
commencing September 1, 2021.  On September 21, 2021, NTIC announced that it acquired the remaining 50% 
ownership interest in its Indian joint venture, HNTI Limited, for $6.25 million in cash, effective as of September 1, 
2021. As a result of the acquisition of Zerust India, NTIC’s revenues and operating expenses increased and its equity in 
income from joint ventures decreased during fiscal 2022 as compared to fiscal 2021. See Note 3 to NTIC’s consolidated 
financial statements for a discussion of Zerust India. 

NTIC participates in 16 active joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, and Asia. NTIC has historically 
funded its investments in joint ventures with cash generated from operations. NTIC’s receives funds from its joint 
ventures as fees for services that NTIC provides to its joint ventures and as dividend distributions.  The fees for services 
provided to joint ventures are determined based on either a flat fee or a percentage of sales depending on local laws and 
tax regulations.  With respect to NTIC’s joint venture in Germany (EXCOR), NTIC recognizes an agreed upon 
quarterly fee for services.  NTIC recognizes equity income from each joint venture based on the overall profitability of 

40 

 
the joint venture.  Such profitability is subject to variability from quarter to quarter, which, in turn, subjects NTIC’s 
earnings to variability from quarter to quarter.  The profits of each joint venture are shared by the respective joint 
venture owners in accordance with their respective ownership percentages.  NTIC typically directly or indirectly owns 
50% or less of each of its joint venture entities and, thus, does not control the decisions of these entities regarding 
whether to pay dividends and, if paid, what amount is paid in a given year.  The payment of a dividend by an entity is 
determined by a joint vote of the owners and is not at the sole discretion of NTIC. 

NTIC accounts for the investments and financial results of its joint ventures in its consolidated financial statements 
utilizing the equity method of accounting. NTIC considers EXCOR to be individually significant to NTIC’s 
consolidated assets and income as of August 31, 2022 and 2021. Therefore, NTIC provides certain additional 
information regarding this entity in the notes to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements and in this section of this 
report. Additional information related to NTIC’s joint ventures is available in “Part I. Item 1. Business” of this annual 
report on Form 10-K.    

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic 

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted global supply chains and shipping, 
created significant volatility and disruption in financial markets and resulted in weakened economic conditions. While 
as part of efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, federal, state, local and foreign governments imposed various 
restrictions on the conduct of business and travel during 2020 and 2021, most of these restrictions have been lifted, 
except in China where many remain in place. Because of these restrictions, NTIC continued to experience softened 
demand for its products in China during fiscal 2022.  

Worldwide Supply Chain Disruptions 

Worldwide supply chain disruptions, which were initially brought about by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
have persisted despite the recovery in the global economy and financial markets. These issues continued during fiscal 
2022 and, although these issues have shown some improvement, are expected to continue to some degree in fiscal 2023. 
NTIC has experienced longer lead times for raw materials, has been forced to find new suppliers of certain raw 
materials, and has experienced raw material cost increases compared to prior fiscal years. Additionally, NTIC has 
experienced significantly longer shipping times and significant price increases per shipping container compared to prior 
fiscal years due to ocean freight capacity issues resulting from increased demand for shipping and reduced capacity and 
equipment. These and other issues resulting from worldwide supply chain disruptions have recently improved but are 
expected to continue to some degree in fiscal 2023 and could continue to have a material adverse effect on NTIC’s 
business, operating results and financial condition. The precise financial impact and duration, however, cannot be 
reasonably estimated at this time. 

Financial Overview  

NTIC’s management, including its chief executive officer, who is NTIC’s chief operating decision maker, reports and 
manages NTIC’s operations in two reportable business segments based on products sold, customer base, and 
distribution center:  ZERUST® products and services and Natur-Tec® products.  

Highlights of NTIC’s financial results for fiscal 2022 include the following, with increases or decreases in each case as 
compared to fiscal 2021: 

•  NTIC’s consolidated net sales increased 31.3% during fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021.  NTIC’s 

consolidated net sales for fiscal 2022 were positively affected by incremental sales as a result of the Zerust 
India acquisition and increased demand.  

•  During fiscal 2022, 77.5% of NTIC’s consolidated net sales were derived from sales of ZERUST® products 

and services, which increased 26.1% to $57,459,382 during fiscal 2022 compared to $45,554,434 during fiscal 
2021.  This increase was due to incremental sales as a result of the Zerust India acquisition, increased sales to 
new and existing customers due to increased global demand compared to the prior fiscal year and targeted 
price increases on certain of our products. NTIC’s consolidated net sales during fiscal 2022 included 
$4,608,232 of sales made to customers in the oil and gas industry compared to $3,793,466 during fiscal 2021.   

41 

 
•  Net sales of Natur-Tec® products increased 52.7% during fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to 
an increase in finished product sales in North America and at NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in India, 
Natur-Tec India Private Limited.  

•  Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales increased to 68.9% during fiscal 2022 compared to 65.4% 

during fiscal 2021 primarily as a result of a price increases on raw materials used in NTIC’s products, as well 
as increased labor and shipping costs that were not fully transferred on to the customers. 

•  NTIC’s equity in income from joint ventures decreased 36.7% to $4,725,918 during fiscal 2022 compared to 

$7,465,214 during fiscal 2021.  This decrease was primarily due to the fact that Zerust India is now a 
consolidated subsidiary within NTIC’s financial statements and an increase in operating expenses and a 
decrease in gross margins at the joint ventures.  

•  Net sales at the joint ventures decreased 14% to $104,077,748 during fiscal 2022 compared to $120,954,550 
during fiscal 2021.  These decreases were primarily a result of decreased demand during fiscal 2022 and the 
Zerust India acquisition since $9,967,464 in Zerust India sales were included in NTIC’s net sales in the current 
fiscal year period.   

•  NTIC’s total operating expenses increased 15.1% to $28,414,117 during fiscal 2022 compared to $24,679,626 
during fiscal 2021. This increase was primarily due to $2,375,167 in incremental expenses due to the Zerust 
India acquisition during fiscal 2022 and increased personnel, travel, and research and development expenses.   

•  Since NTIC acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest of Zerust India effective September 1, 2021, NTIC 
recognized a gain of $3,951,550 during fiscal 2022, which is included in “Remeasurement gain on acquisition 
of equity method investee” on NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations. 

•  NTIC incurred net income attributable to NTIC of $6,324,700, or $0.66 per diluted common share, for fiscal 
2022, compared to net income attributable to NTIC of $6,281,238, or $0.64 per diluted common share, for 
fiscal 2021. Of the increase for fiscal 2022, $3,951,550 was due to the gain from the Zerust India acquisition. 

Sales and Expense Components 

The following is a description of the primary components of net sales and expenses: 

Net Sales, Excluding Joint Ventures.  NTIC derives net sales from the sale of its ZERUST® products and services and 
its Natur-Tec® products.  NTIC sells its ZERUST® products and services and its Natur-Tec® products either directly, 
through its subsidiaries, or via a network of joint ventures, independent distributors, and agents.  Net sales, excluding 
joint ventures represents net sales by NTIC either directly to end users or to distributors worldwide, but not sales to 
NTIC’s joint ventures and not sales by NTIC’s joint ventures.  NTIC recognizes revenue from the sale of its products 
primarily upon shipment of the products. 

Net Sales, To Joint Ventures.  Net sales, to joint ventures represents net sales by NTIC to NTIC’s joint ventures, but 
not sales by NTIC either directly to end users or to distributors or sales by NTIC’s joint ventures.  NTIC’s revenue 
recognition policy for sales to its joint ventures is the same as NTIC’s policy for sales to unaffiliated customers.  NTIC 
recognizes revenue from the sale of its products to joint ventures primarily upon shipment of the products. 

Cost of Goods Sold.  Most of NTIC’s products are manufactured by third parties, and its cost of goods sold for those 
products consists primarily of the price invoiced by its third-party vendors.  For the portion of products that NTIC 
manufactures, NTIC’s cost of goods sold for those products consists primarily of direct labor, allocated manufacturing 
overhead, raw materials, and components.  NTIC’s margins on its Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products 
are generally smaller than its margins on its ZERUST® products and services, and NTIC’s margins on its ZERUST® 
products and services sold into the oil and gas industry are generally greater than its margins on its traditional 
ZERUST® products and services.   

Equity in Income from Joint Ventures.  NTIC’s equity in income from joint ventures consists of NTIC’s share of 
equity in income from each joint venture based on the overall profitability of the joint ventures.  Such profitability is 

42 

 
subject to variability from quarter to quarter, which, in turn, subjects NTIC’s earnings to variability from quarter to 
quarter.  Traditionally, a portion of the equity income recorded in a given fiscal year is paid to the owners of the joint 
venture entity during the following fiscal year through a dividend.  The payment of a dividend by a joint venture entity 
is determined by a vote of the joint venture owners and is not at the sole discretion of NTIC.  NTIC typically owns only 
50% or less of its joint venture entities and, thus, does not control the decisions of these entities regarding whether to 
pay dividends and, if paid, how much they should be in a given year. 

Fees for Services Provided to Joint Ventures.  NTIC provides certain services to its joint ventures, including 
consulting, legal, travel, insurance, technical, and marketing services based on licensing or other agreements with its 
joint ventures.  NTIC receives fees for these services it provides to its joint ventures based primarily on the net sales by 
NTIC’s joint ventures, the latter of which are not included in NTIC’s net sales reflected on NTIC’s consolidated 
statements of operations.  The fees for services received by NTIC from its joint ventures are generally determined based 
on either a flat fee or a percentage of net sales by NTIC’s joint ventures depending on local laws and tax regulations.  
With respect to EXCOR, NTIC receives an agreed upon fixed quarterly fee for such services.  Under NTIC’s 
agreements with its joint ventures in which the fees for services are described, amounts are earned when product is 
shipped from joint venture facilities, at which point a sale is deemed to have occurred and results in obligation of the 
joint venture to pay the royalty and recognition of the fee by NTIC.  

Selling Expenses.  Selling expenses consist primarily of sales commissions and support costs for NTIC’s direct sale and 
distribution system and marketing costs. 

General and Administrative Expenses.  General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits 
and other costs for NTIC’s executives, accounting, stock-based compensation, finance, legal, information technology, 
and human resources functions. 

Research and Development Expenses.  Research and development expenses include costs associated with the design, 
development, market analysis, lab testing, and field trials and enhancements of NTIC’s products and services.  NTIC 
expenses all costs related to product research and development as incurred.  Research and development expenses reflect 
the net amount after being reduced by reimbursements related to certain research and development contracts.  With 
respect to such research and development contracts, NTIC accrues proceeds received under the contracts and offsets 
research and development expenses incurred in equal installments over the timelines associated with completion of the 
contracts’ specific objectives and milestones. 

Remeasurement Gain on Acquisition of Equity Method Investee.  Remeasurement gain on acquisition of equity 
method investee consists of the gain resulting from the acquisition of the remaining 50% ownership interest of Zerust 
India. 

Interest Income.  Interest income consists of interest earned on investments, which typically consist of investment-
grade, interest-bearing securities and money market accounts. 

Interest Expense.  Interest expense results primarily from interest associated with any borrowings under NTIC’s line of 
credit with PNC Bank. 

Income Tax Expense.  Income tax expense includes federal income taxes, foreign withholding taxes, income tax of 
consolidated entities in foreign jurisdictions, state income tax, and changes to NTIC’s deferred tax valuation allowance.  
NTIC utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, which requires an asset and liability 
approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are 
computed annually for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result 
in taxable or deductible amounts in the future, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the 
differences are expected to affect taxable income.  Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce 
deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.  NTIC records a tax valuation allowance when it is more 
likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized.  NTIC makes this determination 
based on all available evidence, including historical data and projections of future results.  Income tax expense is the tax 
payable or refundable for the period plus or minus the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities. 

43 

 
Results of Operations 

Fiscal Year 2022 Compared to Fiscal Year 2021 

The following table sets forth NTIC’s results of operations for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021. 

Fiscal 2022 

% of 
Net 
Sales 

Fiscal 2021 

% of 
Net 
Sales 

$ 
Change 

Net sales, excluding joint ventures ...............  $ 71,190,801   96.0%  $ 53,470,623   94.6%  $17,720,178  
 (55,107) 
4.0% 
Net sales, to joint ventures ............................  
 14,169,484  
Cost of goods sold ........................................    51,090,298   68.9% 
 (2,739,296) 
6.4% 
Equity in income from joint ventures ...........  
 (196,578) 
Fees for services provided to joint ventures .  
7.8% 
 1,021,206  
Selling expenses ...........................................    13,038,180   17.6% 
 2,338,430  
General and administrative expenses ............    10,600,603   14.3% 
 374,855  
6.4% 
Research and development expenses ............  

5.4% 
 3,023,196  
36,920,814 
65.4% 
 7,465,214   13.2% 
 5,964,260   10.6% 
 12,016,974   21.3% 
 8,262,173   14.6% 
7.8% 
 4,400,479  

 4,725,918  
 5,767,682  

 2,968,089  

 4,775,334  

% 
Change 
33.1% 
(1.8)% 
38.4% 
(36.7)% 
(3.3)% 
8.5% 
28.3% 
8.5% 

Net Sales.  NTIC’s consolidated net sales increased 31.3% to $74,158,890 during fiscal 2022 compared to $56,493,819 
during fiscal 2021.  NTIC’s consolidated net sales to unaffiliated customers excluding NTIC’s joint ventures increased 
33.1% to $71,190,801 during fiscal 2022 compared to $53,470,623 during fiscal 2021.  This increase was primarily a 
result of $9,967,464 in incremental sales as a result of the Zerust India acquisition during fiscal 2022 and increased 
demand across all market segments.  Net sales to joint ventures decreased 1.8% to $2,968,089 during fiscal 2022 
compared to $3,023,196 during fiscal 2021.   

The following table sets forth NTIC’s net sales by product segment for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021:  

Total ZERUST® sales .......................   $ 
Total Natur-Tec® sales .....................  
Total net sales ...................................   $ 

57,459,382 
16,699,508 
74,158,890 

$ 

$ 

45,554,434 
10,939,385 
56,493,819 

Fiscal 2022 

Fiscal 2021 

$ 
Change 
$  11,904,948 
5,760,123 
$  17,665,071 

% 
Change 
26.1% 
52.7% 
31.3% 

During fiscal 2022, 77.5% of NTIC’s consolidated net sales were derived from sales of ZERUST® products and 
services, which increased 26.1% to $57,459,382 compared to $45,554,434 during fiscal 2021.  

The following table sets forth NTIC’s net sales of ZERUST® products for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021: 

ZERUST® industrial net sales ...................   $ 
ZERUST® joint venture net sales ..............  
ZERUST® oil & gas net sales ....................  
Total ZERUST® net sales ...................  

Fiscal 2022 

49,883,060 
2,968,090 
4,608,232 
   57,459,382 

Fiscal 2021 

38,737,771 
3,023,197 
3,793,466 
45,554,434 

$ 

$ 

$ 
Change 
$ 11,145,289 
(55,107) 
814,766 
$ 11,904,948 

%  
Change 
28.8% 
(1.8%) 
21.5% 
26.1% 

The increase in NTIC’s consolidated net sales derived from sales of ZERUST® products and services was primarily a 
result of $9,967,464 in incremental sales as a result of the Zerust India acquisition, increased sales to new and existing 
customers due to increased global demand and targeted price increases on certain products, partially offset by decreased 
demand in the automotive industry and a decrease in joint venture net sales, including in particular in Europe which has 
been subject to geopolitical uncertainty.  Overall, demand for ZERUST® products and services depends heavily on the 
overall health of the market segments to which NTIC sells its products, including the automotive, oil and gas, 
agriculture, and mining markets in particular. Beginning in fiscal 2021 and continuing in fiscal 2022, the automotive 
industry experienced a microchip shortage that has decreased the production of vehicles.  This decreased production has 
decreased demand for ZERUST® products and services within the automotive industry.  The microchip shortage and the 
corresponding decrease in the production of vehicles is anticipated to continue into fiscal 2023. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ZERUST® oil and gas net sales increased 21.5% during fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily as a result of new 
opportunities with new customers, partially offset by reduced demand as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.  NTIC 
anticipates that its sales of ZERUST® products and services into the oil and gas industry will continue to remain subject 
to significant volatility from quarter to quarter as sales are recognized, specifically due to the volatility of oil prices.  
Demand for oil and gas products around the world depends primarily on market acceptance and the reach of NTIC’s 
distribution network.  Because of the typical size of individual orders and overall size of NTIC’s net sales derived from 
sales of oil and gas products, the timing of one or more orders can materially affect NTIC’s quarterly sales compared to 
prior fiscal year quarters. 

During fiscal 2022, 22.5% of NTIC’s consolidated net sales were derived from sales of Natur-Tec® products, compared 
to 19.4% during fiscal 2021.  Sales of Natur-Tec® products increased 52.7% to $16,699,508 during fiscal 2022 
compared to $10,939,385 during fiscal 2021 as a result of increased global demand.  The COVID pandemic has 
adversely impacted demand for Natur-Tec® products from across the apparel industry, as well as many large users of 
bioplastics, including college campuses, stadiums, arenas, restaurants, and corporate office complexes.  NTIC has 
experienced a recovery in many of these areas to pre-pandemic levels, but still expects some of these customers will be 
the last businesses to fully re-open and operate at full pre-pandemic capacities, and accordingly, anticipates that the 
COVID-19 pandemic will continue to adversely affect sales of Natur-Tec® products into fiscal 2023. 

Cost of Goods Sold.  Cost of goods sold increased 38.4% in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 primarily as a result of 
the increase in net sales, as described above, and price increases on raw materials used in NTIC’s products, as well as 
increased labor and shipping costs.  Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales increased to 68.9% during fiscal 
2022 compared to 65.4% during fiscal 2021 primarily due to price increases on raw materials used in NTIC’s products, 
as well as increased labor and shipping costs. Although NTIC has taken certain actions to address inflationary pressures 
and pass on as much of the related cost increases to its customers as possible, it expects some of these inflationary 
pressures to persist into fiscal 2023. Some improvements from these actions as well as some improvements in gross 
margin were realized during the second half of fiscal 2022. 

Equity in Income from Joint Ventures.  NTIC’s equity in income from joint ventures decreased 36.7% to $4,725,918 
during fiscal 2022 compared to $7,465,214 during fiscal 2021. This decrease was primarily due to the fact that Zerust 
India is now a consolidated subsidiary within NTIC’s financial statements and an increase in operating expenses and a 
decrease in gross margins at the joint ventures. NTIC’s equity in income from joint ventures fluctuates based on net 
sales and profitability of the joint ventures during the respective periods. Of the total equity in income from joint 
ventures, NTIC had equity in income from joint ventures of $3,236,989 attributable to EXCOR during fiscal 2022 
compared to $4,400,403 attributable to EXCOR during fiscal 2021.  NTIC had equity in income of all other joint 
ventures of $1,488,929 during fiscal 2022 compared to $3,064,811 during fiscal 2021. 

Fees for Services Provided to Joint Ventures.  NTIC recognized fee income for services provided to joint ventures of 
$5,767,682 during fiscal 2022 compared to $5,964,260 during fiscal 2021, representing a decrease of 3.3%, or 
$196,578.  Fee income for services provided to joint ventures is traditionally a function of the sales made by NTIC’s 
joint ventures; however, at various joint ventures, the fee income for services is a fixed amount that does not fluctuate 
with the increases in sales which was experienced by certain joint ventures during fiscal 2022.  Additionally, during 
fiscal 2022, NTI Asean recovered $681,859 in previously written-off fees related to the termination of its joint venture 
in China in fiscal 2015, which partially offset decreased fees for services provided to joint ventures during fiscal 2022.  
Total net sales of NTIC’s joint ventures decreased $16,876,802 to $104,077,748 during fiscal 2022 compared to 
$120,954,550 during fiscal 2021, representing a decrease of 14.0%. This decrease was primarily a result of decreased 
demand during fiscal 2022 due in part to geopolitical uncertainty and the Zerust India acquisition since its sales were 
included in NTIC’s net sales in fiscal 2022 but not fiscal 2021. Net sales of NTIC’s joint ventures are not included in 
NTIC’s product sales and are not included in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements.  Of the total fee income for 
services provided to joint ventures, fees of $834,725 were attributable to EXCOR during fiscal 2022 compared to 
$920,902 attributable to EXCOR during fiscal 2021.   

Selling Expenses.  NTIC’s selling expenses increased 8.5% in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 due primarily to 
incremental expenses due to the Zerust India acquisition, as well as an increase in travel and personnel expenses 
compared to the expenses incurred during fiscal 2021.  Selling expenses as a percentage of net sales decreased to 17.6% 
for fiscal 2022 compared to 21.3% in fiscal 2021 primarily due to the increase in net sales, partially offset by the 
increased selling expenses, as previously described.   

45 

 
General and Administrative Expenses.  NTIC’s general and administrative expenses increased 28.3% in fiscal 2022 
compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to incremental expenses due to the Zerust India acquisition and transaction 
expenses incurred to complete the acquisition, as well as increased travel and personnel expenses compared to the 
expenses incurred during fiscal 2021.  As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expenses decreased to 
14.3% for fiscal 2022 from 14.6% for fiscal 2021 primarily due to the increase in net sales, partially offset by the 
increase in general and administrative expenses. 

Research and Development Expenses.  NTIC’s research and development expenses increased 8.5% in fiscal 2022 
compared to fiscal 2021 primarily due to increased personnel and development efforts. 

Interest Income.  NTIC’s interest income decreased to $49,241 in fiscal 2022 compared to $151,875 in fiscal 2021 due 
primarily to changes to the invested cash balances. 

Interest Expense.  NTIC’s interest expense increased to $89,096 in fiscal 2022 compared to $16,086 in fiscal 2021 due 
primarily to increased outstanding borrowings under the line of credit during fiscal 2022 and increased interest rates 
during fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021. 

Remeasurement Gain on Acquisition of Equity Method Investee. Authoritative guidance on accounting for business 
combinations requires that an acquirer re-measure its previously held equity interest in the acquisition at its acquisition 
date fair value and recognize the resulting gain or loss in earnings. As such, since NTIC acquired the remaining 50% 
ownership interest of Zerust India effective September 1, 2021, NTIC recognized a gain of $3,951,550 during fiscal 
2022. This gain is included in “Remeasurement gain on acquisition of equity method investee” on NTIC’s consolidated 
statements of operations. 

Income Before Income Tax Expense.  NTIC had income before income tax expense of $9,059,770 for fiscal 2022 
compared to income before income tax expense of $8,458,642 for fiscal 2021.  

Income Tax Expense.  Income tax expense was $1,873,836 during fiscal 2022 compared to $1,461,905 during fiscal 
2021 for an effective tax rate of 20.7% and 17.3%, respectively.   

NTIC considers the earnings of certain foreign joint ventures to be indefinitely invested outside the United States on the 
basis of estimates that NTIC’s future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs.  
As a result, U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes have not been recognized on the cumulative undistributed 
earnings of $21,256,923 and $24,702,778 as of August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, respectively.  To the extent 
undistributed earnings of NTIC’s joint ventures are distributed in the future, they are not expected to result in any 
material additional income tax liability after the application of foreign tax credits. 

Net Income Attributable to NTIC.  Net income attributable to NTIC was $6,324,700, or $0.66 per diluted common 
share, for fiscal 2022 compared to net income attributable to NTIC of $6,281,238, or $0.64 per diluted common share, 
for fiscal 2021, an increase of $43,462 or $0.02 per diluted share.  This increase was primarily due an increase in gross 
margin and the remeasurement gain related to the acquisition of Zerust India of $3,951,550 included in 
“Remeasurement gain on acquisition of equity method investee” on NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations, 
partially offset by increases in operating expenses and cost of goods sold and decreases in joint venture income 
contribution. 

NTIC anticipates that its earnings will continue to be adversely affected by both the COVID-19 pandemic and 
worldwide supply disruptions, among other factors. Additionally, NTIC anticipates that its quarterly net income will 
continue to remain subject to significant volatility primarily due to the financial performance of its subsidiaries and joint 
ventures, sales of its ZERUST® products and services into the oil and gas industry, and sales of its Natur-Tec® 
bioplastics products, which sales fluctuate more on a quarterly basis than the traditional ZERUST® business.  

Other Comprehensive Income – Foreign Currency Translations Adjustment.  The changes in the foreign currency 
translations adjustment were due to the fluctuation of the U.S. dollar compared to the Euro and other foreign currencies 
during fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021. 

46 

 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Sources of Cash and Working Capital.  NTIC’s working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, was 
$23,169,480 as of August 31, 2022, including $5,333,890 in cash and cash equivalents and $5,590 in available for sale 
securities, compared to $25,230,893 as of August 31, 2021, including $7,680,641 in cash and cash equivalents and 
$4,634 in available for sale securities.   

NTIC has a revolving line of credit with PNC Bank of $7,000,000, which was increased from $5,000,000 effective as of 
May 20, 2022 to allow for financial flexibility, and was scheduled to decrease back to $5,000,000 effective as of August 
16, 2022. Subsequently, to maintain future financial flexibility, on August 8, 2022, NTIC and PNC Bank entered into an 
Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit Note and agreed to keep the line of credit at $7,000,000 until its 
maturity date, January 7, 2023. As of August 31, 2022, $5,900,000 was outstanding under the revolving line of credit, 
compared to no borrowings outstanding as of August 31, 2021. Such outstanding borrowings were used primarily to 
fund NTIC’s acquisition of the remaining ownership interest of Zerust India. Outstanding advances under the line of 
credit bear interest at the daily Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index (BSBY) rate plus 250 basis points (2.50%). 
The line of credit is scheduled to mature on January 7, 2023. The line of credit is governed under an Amended and 
Restated Loan Agreement dated August 31, 2021. The loan agreement contains standard covenants, including 
affirmative financial covenants, such as the maintenance of a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and negative 
covenants, which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional indebtedness, loans and equity investments, 
disposition of assets, mergers and consolidations and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. Under the 
loan agreement, NTIC is subject to a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.10:1.00. As of August 31, 2022, NTIC 
was in compliance with all debt covenants under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. As of August 31, 2022, 
NTIC did not have any letters of credit outstanding with respect to the letter of credit sub-facility available under the 
revolving line of credit with PNC Bank. 

NTIC believes that a combination of its existing cash and cash equivalents, available for sale securities, forecasted cash 
flows from future operations, anticipated distributions of earnings, anticipated fees to NTIC for services provided to its 
joint ventures, and funds available through existing or anticipated financing arrangements will be adequate to fund its 
existing operations, investments in new or existing joint ventures or subsidiaries, capital expenditures, debt repayments, 
cash dividends, and any stock repurchases for at least the next 12 months. In fiscal 2023, NTIC expects to continue to 
invest directly and through its use of working capital in Zerust India, NTIC China, Zerust Mexico, NTI Europe, its joint 
ventures, research and development, marketing efforts, resources for the application of its corrosion prevention 
technology in the oil and gas industry, and its Natur-Tec® bio-plastics business, although the amounts of these various 
investments are not known at this time. 

NTIC also expects to use some of its capital resources to continue to transition some of its joint ventures as needed or 
appropriate, which may include additional acquisitions by NTIC of the remaining ownership interests of joint ventures 
not owned by NTIC or dissolutions or liquidations of one or more of its joint ventures. NTIC terminated its joint 
venture in Russia in May 2022. The termination of NTIC’s joint venture in Russia did not have a material adverse effect 
on NTIC’s results of operations or financial condition or its joint venture operations given the immateriality of the 
operations of this joint venture. 

NTIC traditionally has used the cash generated from its operations, distributions of earnings from joint ventures and 
fees for services provided to its joint ventures to fund NTIC’s new technology investments and capital contributions to 
new and existing subsidiaries and joint ventures. NTIC’s joint ventures traditionally have operated with little or no debt 
and have been self-financed with minimal initial capital investment and minimal additional capital investment from 
their respective owners. Therefore, NTIC believes there is limited exposure by NTIC’s joint ventures that could 
materially impact their respective operations and/or liquidity. 

In order to take advantage of new product and market opportunities to expand its business and increase its revenues and 
assist with joint venture transitions, NTIC may decide to finance such opportunities by additional borrowings under its 
revolving line of credit or raising additional financing through the issuance of debt or equity securities. There is no 
assurance that any financing transaction will be available on terms acceptable to NTIC or at all or that any financing 
transaction will not be dilutive to NTIC’s current stockholders. 

47 

 
 
 
Uses of Cash and Cash Flow.  Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2022 was $1,146,078, which 
resulted principally from NTIC’s net income, dividends received from joint ventures, depreciation and amortization 
expense, stock-based compensation and increases in accounts payable, partially offset by the remeasurement gain on 
acquisition of equity method investee, deferred income tax and equity in income from joint ventures and an increase in 
accounts receivable and inventory.  Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2021 was $2,892,940, which 
resulted principally from NTIC’s net income, dividends received from joint ventures, stock-based compensation, 
depreciation, amortization and increases in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, partially offset by NTIC’s equity in 
income from joint ventures and an increase in accounts receivable and prepaid expenses and other.     

NTIC’s cash flows from operations are impacted by significant changes in certain components of NTIC’s working 
capital, including inventory turnover and changes in receivables and payables. NTIC considers internal and external 
factors when assessing the use of its available working capital, specifically when determining inventory levels and 
credit terms of customers. Key internal factors include existing inventory levels, stock reorder points, customer 
forecasts and customer requested payment terms. Key external factors include the availability of primary raw materials 
and sub-contractor production lead times. NTIC’s typical contractual terms for trade receivables, excluding joint 
ventures, are traditionally 30 days and 90 days for trade receivables from its joint ventures. Before extending unsecured 
credit to customers, excluding NTIC’s joint ventures, NTIC reviews customers’ credit histories and will establish an 
allowance for uncollectible accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers and other 
information. Accounts receivable over 30 days are considered past due for most customers. NTIC does not accrue 
interest on past due accounts receivable. If accounts receivables in excess of the provided allowance are determined 
uncollectible, they are charged to selling expense in the period that the determination is made. Accounts receivable are 
deemed uncollectible based on NTIC exhausting reasonable efforts to collect. NTIC’s typical contractual terms for 
receivables for services provided to its joint ventures are 90 days. NTIC records receivables for services provided to its 
joint ventures on an accrual basis, unless circumstances exist that make the collection of the balance uncertain, in which 
case the fee income will be recorded on a cash basis until there is consistency in payments. This determination is 
handled on a case-by-case basis. 

NTIC experienced an increase in trade receivables and inventory as of August 31, 2022 compared to August 31, 2021.  
Trade receivables, excluding joint ventures, as of August 31, 2022 increased $2,091,353 compared to August 31, 2021, 
primarily related to an increase in sales.   

Outstanding trade receivables, excluding joint ventures balances, as of August 31, 2022 decreased by an average of 3 
days to an average of 72 days from balances outstanding from these customers as of August 31, 2021.   

Outstanding trade receivables from joint ventures as of August 31, 2022 increased $73,053 compared to August 31, 
2021 primarily due to the timing of payments. Outstanding balances from trade receivables from joint ventures 
increased by an average of 10 days as of August 31, 2022 to an average of 85 days from an average of 75 days from 
balances outstanding from these customers compared to August 31, 2021.  The average days outstanding of trade 
receivables from joint ventures as of August 31, 2022 were primarily due to the receivables balances at South Korea and 
Thailand. 

Outstanding receivables for services provided to joint ventures as of August 31, 2022 increased $259,990 compared to 
August 31, 2021, and the average days to pay increased an average of 20 days to an average of 112 days compared to 
August 31, 2021. 

Net cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2022 was $7,108,174, which was primarily the result of the purchase 
of the remaining 50% ownership interest in Zerust India, purchases of property and equipment, investment in joint 
venture and investments in patents.  Net cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2021 was $103,316, which was 
primarily the result of the purchase of available for sale securities, purchases of property and equipment and 
investments in patents, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of available for sale securities.     

Net cash provided by financing activities for fiscal 2022 was $3,188,377, which resulted from borrowings under the line 
of credit and proceeds from the exercise of stock options and NTIC’s employee stock purchase plan, partially offset by 
dividends paid on NTIC common stock and dividends received by non-controlling interest.  Net cash used in financing 
activities for fiscal 2021 was $1,522,209, which resulted from dividends paid on NTIC common stock and dividends 
paid to a non-controlling interest, partially offset by proceeds from NTIC’s employee stock purchase plan and proceeds 
from stock option exercises.   

48 

 
Share Repurchase Plan.  On January 15, 2015, NTIC’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 
$3,000,000 in shares of NTIC common stock through open market purchases or unsolicited or solicited privately 
negotiated transactions. This program has no expiration date but may be terminated by NTIC’s Board of Directors at 
any time. No repurchases occurred during fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021. As of August 31, 2022, up to $2,640,548 in shares 
of NTIC common stock remained available for repurchase under NTIC’s stock repurchase program.   

Cash Dividends. During fiscal 2022, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the following dates in the 
following amounts to holders of record of NTIC common stock as of the following record dates: 

Declaration Date 
October 20, 2021 
January 21, 2022 
April 22, 2022 
July 20, 2022 

Amount 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 

Record Date 
November 3, 2021 
February 2, 2022 
May 4, 2022 
August 3, 2022 

Payable Date 
November 17, 2021 
February 16, 2022 
May 18, 2022 
August 17, 2022 

On April 23, 2020, NTIC announced the temporary suspension of its quarterly cash dividend pending clarity on the 
financial impact of COVID-19 on NTIC. On January 15, 2021, NTIC announced the reinstatement of its quarterly cash 
dividend. During fiscal 2021, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the following dates in the 
following amounts to holders of record of NTIC common stock as of the following record dates: 

Declaration Date 
January 15, 2021 
April 23, 2021 
July 21, 2021 

Amount 
$0.065 
$0.065 
$0.065 

Record Date 
February 3, 2021 
May 5, 2021 
August 4, 2021 

Payable Date 
February 17, 2021 
May 19, 2021 
August 18, 2021 

The declaration of future dividends is not guaranteed and will be determined by NTIC’s Board of Directors in light of 
conditions then existing, including NTIC’s earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, restrictions in financing 
agreements, business conditions, and other factors, including without limitation the effect of COVID-19 on NTIC’s 
business, operating results and financial condition. 

Capital Expenditures and Commitments.  NTIC spent $1,496,674 on capital expenditures during fiscal 2022, which 
related primarily to the purchase of new equipment and facility improvements. NTIC expects to spend an aggregate of 
approximately $1,200,000 to $1,500,000 on capital expenditures during fiscal 2023, which it expects will relate 
primarily to the purchase of new equipment and facility improvements. 

Inflation and Seasonality 

Although inflation in the United States and abroad historically has had little effect on NTIC, inflationary pressures 
adversely affected NTIC’s gross margins during fiscal 2022 and are expected to persist into fiscal 2023.   

NTIC believes there is some seasonality in its business. NTIC’s net sales in the second fiscal quarter were adversely 
affected by the long Chinese New Year, the North American holiday season, and overall less corrosion taking place at 
lower winter temperatures worldwide. 

Market Risk 

NTIC is exposed to some market risk stemming from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices 
and interest rates. 

Because the functional currency of NTIC’s foreign operations and investments in its foreign joint ventures is the 
applicable local currency, NTIC is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk arising from transactions in the 
normal course of business. NTIC’s principal exchange rate exposure is with the Euro, the Japanese Yen, the Indian 
Rupee, the Chinese Renminbi, the South Korean Won, and the English Pound against the U.S. Dollar. NTIC’s fees for 
services provided to joint ventures and dividend distributions from these foreign entities are paid in foreign currencies 
and, thus, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could result in declines in NTIC’s reported net income. Since 
NTIC’s investments in its joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, any changes in foreign currency 

49 

 
 
 
exchange rates would be reflected as a foreign currency translation adjustment and would not change NTIC’s equity in 
income from joint ventures reflected in its consolidated statements of operations. NTIC does not hedge against its 
foreign currency exchange rate risk. 

Some raw materials used in NTIC’s products are exposed to commodity price changes. The primary commodity price 
exposures are with a variety of plastic resins. 

Any outstanding advances under NTIC’s revolving line of credit with PNC Bank bear interest at an annual rate based on 
daily BSBY plus 2.50%. As of August 31, 2022, NTIC had borrowings of $5,900,000 under the line of credit that 
existed as of that date. 

Related Party Transactions 

Since NTIC’s joint ventures are considered related parties, NTIC recorded sales to its joint ventures as a separate line 
item on the face of NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations and recorded fees for services provided to its joint 
ventures as separate line items on the face of NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations.  NTIC also records trade 
receivables from joint ventures, receivables for fees for services provided to joint ventures, and NTIC’s investments in 
joint ventures as separate line items on its consolidated balance sheets. 

NTIC established its joint venture network approximately 30 years ago as a method to increase its worldwide 
distribution network for ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services.  NTIC participates, either 
directly or indirectly, in 16 active joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, and Asia.  Each of these joint 
ventures generally manufactures and markets finished products in the geographic territory to which it is assigned.  
NTIC’s joint venture partners are knowledgeable in the applicable environmental, labor, tax, and other requisite 
regulations and laws of the respective foreign countries in which they operate, as well as the local customs and business 
practices.  NTIC’s revenue recognition policy for sales to its joint ventures is the same as its policy for sales to 
unaffiliated customers. 

The fees for services provided to joint ventures are determined based on either a flat fee or a percentage of sales 
depending on local laws and tax regulations.  With respect to NTIC’s joint venture in Germany, EXCOR, NTIC 
recognizes an agreed upon quarterly fee for such services.  NTIC records revenue related to fees for services provided to 
joint ventures when earned, amounts are determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.  Under NTIC’s 
agreements with its joint ventures, fee amounts are earned when product is shipped from joint venture facilities.  NTIC 
reviews the financial situation of each joint venture to assist in the likelihood of collections on amounts earned.  From 
time to time, NTIC elects to account for such fees on a cash basis for certain joint ventures when uncertainty exists 
surrounding the collections of such fees.  There are no fees being accounted for in this manner at present.  The expenses 
incurred in support of its joint ventures are direct expenses that NTIC incurs related to its joint ventures and include 
such items as employee compensation and benefit expenses, travel expense, insurance, consulting expense, legal 
expense, and lab supplies and testing expense.  

See Note 15 to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements for other related party transaction disclosures. 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 

The preparation of NTIC’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments 
that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets 
and liabilities.  The Securities and Exchange Commission has defined a company’s most critical accounting policies as 
those that are most important to the portrayal of its financial condition and results of operations and those which require 
the company to make its most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of 
matters that are inherently uncertain.  Based on this definition, NTIC has identified the following critical accounting 
policies.  Although NTIC believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable, they are based upon information 
available when they are made.  Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions 
or conditions. 

50 

 
 
 
Principles of Consolidation  

NTIC evaluates its voting and variable interests in entities on a qualitative and quantitative basis.  NTIC consolidates 
entities in which it concludes it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact an entity’s economic 
success and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the entity.  All 
such relationships are evaluated on an ongoing basis.  The consolidated financial statements included in this report 
include the accounts of Northern Technologies International Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Northern 
Technologies Holding Company, LLC, NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., NTIC Europe GmbH and ZERUST-EXCOR 
MEXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V., NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in Brazil, Zerust Prevenção de Corrosão S.A., 
NTIC’s majority-owned holding company, NTI Asean LLC, and NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in India, Natur-Tec 
India Private Limited, Natur-Tec Lanka, Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd (Zerust Singapore) and Zerust Vietnam Co. Ltd 
(Zerust Vietnam). NTIC’s consolidated financial statements do not include the accounts of any of its joint ventures. 
Effective as of September 1, 2021, HNTI Limited has been consolidated in NTIC’s consolidated financial statements. 

Business Combinations 

When applicable, NTIC accounts for the acquisition of a business in accordance with the accounting standards 
codification guidance for business combinations, whereby the total consideration transferred is allocated to the assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed, including amounts attributable to non-controlling interests, when applicable, based on 
their respective estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of consideration 
transferred over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination. 

Assigning estimated fair values to the net assets acquired requires the use of significant estimates, judgments, inputs, 
and assumptions regarding the fair value of intangible assets that are separately identifiable from goodwill, inventory, 
and property, plant, and equipment. While the ultimate responsibility for determining estimated fair values of the 
acquired net assets resides with management, for material acquisitions, NTIC may retain the services of certified 
valuation specialists to assist with assigning estimated fair values to certain acquired assets and assumed liabilities, 
including intangible assets that are separately identifiable from goodwill, inventory, and property, plant, and equipment. 
Estimated fair values of acquired intangible assets that are separately identifiable from goodwill, inventory, and 
property, plant, and equipment are generally based on available historical information, future expectations, available 
market data, and assumptions determined to be reasonable but are inherently uncertain with respect to future events, 
including economic conditions, competition, technological obsolescence, the useful life of the acquired assets, and other 
factors. These significant estimates, judgments, inputs, and assumptions include, when applicable, the selection of an 
appropriate valuation method depending on the nature of the respective asset, such as the income approach, the market 
or sales comparison approach, or the cost approach; estimating future cash flows based on projected revenues and/or 
margins that NTIC expects to generate subsequent to the acquisition; applying an appropriate discount rate to estimate 
the present value of those projected cash flows NTIC expects to generate; selecting an appropriate terminal growth rate 
and/or royalty rate or estimating a customer attrition or technological obsolescence factor where necessary and 
appropriate given the nature of the respective asset; assigning an appropriate contributory asset charge where needed; 
determining an appropriate useful life and the related depreciation or amortization method for the respective asset; and 
assessing the accuracy and completeness of other historical financial metrics of the acquiree used as standalone inputs 
or as the basis for determining estimated projected inputs such as margins, customer attrition, and costs to hold and sell 
product. 

In determining the estimated fair value of intangible assets that are separately identifiable from goodwill, NTIC 
typically utilizes the income approach, which discounts the projected future cash flows using a discount rate that 
appropriately reflects the risks associated with the projected cash flows. Generally, NTIC estimates the fair value of 
acquired customer relationships using the relief from royalty method under the income approach, which is based on the 
hypothetical royalty stream that would be received if NTIC were to license the acquired trade name. For most other 
acquired intangible assets, NTIC estimates fair value using the excess earnings method under the income approach, 
which is typically applied when cash flows are not directly generated by the asset, but rather, by an operating group that 
includes the particular asset. In certain instances, particularly in relation to developed technology or patents, NTIC may 
utilize the cost approach depending on the nature of the respective intangible asset and the recency of the development 
or procurement of such technology. The useful lives and amortization methods for the acquired intangible assets that are 
separately identifiable from goodwill are generally determined based on the period of expected cash flows used to 
measure the fair value of the acquired intangible assets and the nature of the use of the respective acquired intangible 
asset, adjusted as appropriate for entity-specific factors including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic, 

51 

 
and/or other factors such as customer attrition rates and product or order lifecycles that may limit the useful life of the 
respective acquired intangible asset. In determining the estimated fair value of acquired inventory, NTIC typically 
utilizes the cost approach for raw materials and the sales comparison approach for work in process, finished goods, and 
service parts. In determining the estimated fair value of acquired property, plant, and equipment, NTIC typically utilizes 
the sales comparison approach or the cost approach depending on the nature of the respective asset and the recency of 
the construction or procurement of such asset. 

NTIC may refine the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, if necessary, over a period not to 
exceed one year from the date of acquisition by taking into consideration new information that, if known as of the date 
of acquisition, would have affected the estimated fair values ascribed to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The 
judgments made in determining the estimated fair value assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as 
the estimated useful life and depreciation or amortization method of each asset, can materially impact the net earnings 
of the periods subsequent to an acquisition through depreciation and amortization, and in certain instances through 
impairment charges, if the asset becomes impaired in the future. During the measurement period, any purchase price 
allocation changes that impact the carrying value of goodwill will affect any measurement of goodwill impairment 
taken during the measurement period, if applicable. If necessary, purchase price allocation revisions that occur outside 
of the measurement period are recorded within cost of sales, selling expenses or general and administrative expenses 
within NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations depending on the nature of the adjustment. 

Investments in Joint Ventures and Recoverability of Investments in Joint Ventures 

NTIC’s investments in its joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.  NTIC assesses its joint ventures for 
impairment on an annual basis as of August 31 of each year as part of its fiscal year end analysis. In addition to the 
annual review for impairment, NTIC reviews the operating results of each joint venture on a quarterly basis in 
comparison to its historical operating results and its accrual for fees for services provided to joint ventures. If the 
operating results of a joint venture do not meet NTIC’s financial performance expectations, an additional evaluation is 
performed on the joint venture. In addition to the annual assessments for impairment, non-periodic assessments for 
impairment may occur if cash remittances are less than accrued balances, a joint venture’s management requests capital, 
or other events occur suggesting anything other than temporary decline in value.  If an investment were determined to 
be impaired, then a reserve would be created to reflect the impairment on the financial results of NTIC. NTIC’s 
evaluation of its investments in joint ventures requires NTIC to make assumptions about future cash flows of its joint 
ventures.  These assumptions require significant judgment, and actual results may differ from assumed or estimated 
amounts.   

Investments at Carrying Value  

If NTIC is no longer able to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policy of a joint venture 
previously accounted for under the equity method, it maintains the investment at the carrying value as of the date that 
significant influence no longer exists and discontinues accruing the proportionate earnings or losses of the investment.  

Investments are considered to be impaired when a decline in fair value is judged to be other-than-temporary.  Fair value 
is calculated based on publicly available market information or other estimates determined by management.  NTIC 
employs a systematic methodology on a quarterly basis that considers available quantitative and qualitative evidence in 
evaluating potential impairment of its investments.  If the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, NTIC evaluates, 
among other factors, general market conditions, credit quality of debt instrument issuers, the duration and extent to 
which the fair value is less than cost, and for equity securities, its intent and ability to hold, or plans to sell, the 
investment.  NTIC also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of and business outlook for 
the investee, including industry and sector performance, changes in technology, and operational and financing cash flow 
factors.  Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge is recorded to 
other income (expense), and a new cost basis in the investment is established. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in the contract with a customer, adjusted for any applicable 
estimates of variable consideration and other factors affecting the transaction price, including noncash consideration, 
consideration paid or payable to customers, and significant financing components.  While most of NTIC’s revenue is 
contracted with customers through one-time purchase orders and short-term contracts, NTIC does have long-term 

52 

 
arrangements with certain customers. Revenue from all customers is recognized when a performance obligation is 
satisfied by transferring control of a distinct good or service to a customer.  The transaction price for NTIC’s products is 
the invoiced amount.  Revenue is recognized when transfer of control occurs as defined by the terms in the customer 
agreement, generally upon shipment of product. 

With respect to recording revenue related to fees earned for services provided to NTIC’s joint ventures, amounts are 
earned when product is shipped from joint venture facilities, at which point a sale is deemed to have occurred and 
results in obligation for the joint venture to pay the royalty and recognition of the fee by NTIC.  The support and 
services NTIC provides its joint ventures include consulting, travel, insurance, technical and marketing services to 
existing joint ventures, legal fees incurred in the establishment of new joint ventures, registration and promotion and 
legal defense of worldwide trademarks, and legal fees incurred in connection with the filing of patent applications based 
on licensing or other agreements with its joint ventures.  NTIC receives fees for the services it provides to its joint 
ventures based primarily on the net sales by NTIC’s joint ventures.  The fees for support services received by NTIC 
from its joint ventures are generally determined based on either a flat fee or a percentage of net sales by NTIC’s joint 
ventures depending on local laws and tax regulations.  Under NTIC’s agreements with its joint ventures, amounts are 
earned when product is shipped from joint venture facilities.  NTIC reviews the financial situation of each of its joint 
ventures to assist in the likelihood of collections on amounts earned.  NTIC elects to account for these fees on a cash 
basis for certain joint ventures when uncertainty exists surrounding the collections of such fees.   

Accounts Receivable  

Trade receivables arise from sales of NTIC’s products and services to NTIC’s joint ventures and to unaffiliated 
customers.  Trade receivables from joint ventures arise from sales NTIC makes to its joint ventures of products and the 
essential additives required to make ZERUST® industrial corrosion inhibiting products functional.  Receivables for 
services to NTIC’s joint ventures are contractually based primarily on a percentage of the sales of the joint ventures and 
are intended to compensate NTIC for services NTIC provides to its joint ventures, including consulting, legal, travel, 
insurance, technical, and marketing services. 

Payment terms for NTIC’s unaffiliated customers are determined based on credit risk and vary by customer.  NTIC 
typically offers standard payment terms of net 30 days to unaffiliated customers.  Payment terms for NTIC’s joint 
ventures also are determined based on credit risk; however, additional consideration is given to the individual joint 
venture due to the transportation time associated with ocean delivery of most products and certain other factors.  NTIC 
typically offers payment terms to joint ventures of net 90 days.  NTIC does not accrue interest on past due accounts 
receivable.  NTIC reviews the credit histories of its customers, including its joint ventures, before extending unsecured 
credit. NTIC values accounts and notes receivable net of an allowance for doubtful accounts.  Each quarter, NTIC 
prepares an analysis of its ability to collect outstanding receivables that provides a basis for an allowance estimate for 
doubtful accounts.  In doing so, NTIC evaluates the age of its receivables, past collection history, current financial 
conditions of key customers and its joint ventures, and economic conditions. Based on this evaluation, NTIC establishes 
a reserve for specific accounts and notes receivable that it believes are uncollectible, as well as an estimate of 
uncollectible receivables not specifically known.  Deterioration in the financial condition of any key customer or joint 
venture or a significant slowdown in the economy could have a material negative impact on NTIC’s ability to collect a 
portion or all of the accounts and notes receivable.  NTIC believes that an analysis of historical trends and its current 
knowledge of potential collection problems provide NTIC with sufficient information to establish a reasonable estimate 
for an allowance for doubtful accounts.  However, since NTIC cannot predict with certainty future changes in the 
financial stability of its customers or joint ventures, NTIC’s actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ 
from its estimates.  In the event NTIC determined that a smaller or larger uncollectible accounts reserve is appropriate, 
NTIC would record a credit or charge to selling expense in the period that it made such a determination.   

Goodwill Impairment 

Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of tangible net assets acquired in acquisitions after 
amounts have been allocated to intangible assets. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually (at August 31), or more 
frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Examples of such events 
or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal or business climate, an adverse 
regulatory action or unanticipated competition. 

53 

 
 
Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets  

NTIC reviews its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the 
assets may not be recoverable and determines potential impairment by comparing the carrying value of the assets with 
expected net cash flows expected to be provided by operating activities of the business or related products.  If the sum 
of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows were less than the carrying value, NTIC would determine whether an 
impairment loss should be recognized.  An impairment loss would be measured by comparing the amount by which the 
carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset.  

Foreign Currency Translation (Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss)  

The functional currency of each international joint venture and subsidiary is the applicable local currency.  The 
translation of the applicable foreign currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange 
rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using an average monthly exchange rate.  
Translation gains or losses are reported as an element of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). 

NTIC (excluding NTIC China, Zerust Brazil, Natur-Tec India, Natur-Tec Lanka, NTI Asean, Zerust Singapore, Zerust 
Vietnam, Zerust Mexico, Zerust India, NTI Europe, and NTIC’s joint ventures) conducts all foreign transactions based 
on the U.S. dollar.  Since NTIC’s investments in its joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, any 
changes in foreign currency exchange rates would be reflected as a foreign currency translation adjustment and would 
not change the equity in income from joint ventures reflected in NTIC’s consolidated statements of operations. 

Stock-Based Compensation  

NTIC recognizes compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions, including grants of employee stock 
options and transactions under NTIC’s employee stock purchase plan, in its consolidated financial statements.  That cost 
is measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued.  NTIC measures the cost of employee 
services received in exchange for stock options or other stock-based awards based on the grant-date fair value of the 
award and recognizes the cost over the period the employee is required to provide services for the award. 

Inventory Valuation 

NTIC’s inventories consist primarily of production materials and finished goods.  NTIC purchases production materials 
and finished goods based on forecasted demand and records inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  Cost 
is determined by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.  Management regularly assesses inventory valuation based on 
current and forecasted usage, demand and pricing, shelf life, customer inventory-related contractual obligations, and 
other considerations.  If actual results differ from management estimates with respect to the actual or projected selling 
of inventories at amounts less than their carrying amounts, NTIC would adjust its inventory balances accordingly.   

Income Taxes  

NTIC utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred 
tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated 
financial statements.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the 
financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the 
differences are expected to reverse.  The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is 
recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date.   

NTIC records net deferred tax assets to the extent NTIC believes these assets will more likely than not be realized.  In 
making such a determination, NTIC considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of 
existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent 
operations, including the prior three-year history.  In the event NTIC determines that it would be able to realize its 
deferred income tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, NTIC makes an adjustment to the 
deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.   

54 

 
 
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

See Note 2 to NTIC’s consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.  

Item 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

NTIC is exposed to some market risk stemming from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices 
and interest rates. 

Because the functional currency of NTIC’s foreign operations and investments in its foreign joint ventures is the 
applicable local currency, NTIC is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk arising from transactions in the 
normal course of business.  NTIC’s principal exchange rate exposure is with the Euro, the Japanese Yen, the Indian 
Rupee, the Chinese Renminbi, the South Korean Won, and the English Pound against the U.S. Dollar.  NTIC’s fees for 
services provided to joint ventures and dividend distributions from these foreign entities are paid in foreign currencies, 
and, thus, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could result in declines in NTIC’s reported net income.  Since 
NTIC’s investments in its joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, any changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates would be reflected as a foreign currency translation adjustment and would not change NTIC’s equity in 
income from joint ventures reflected in its consolidated statements of operations.  NTIC does not hedge against its 
foreign currency exchange rate risk. 

Some raw materials used in NTIC’s products are exposed to commodity price changes.  The primary commodity price 
exposures are with a variety of plastic resins. 

Any outstanding advances under NTIC’s revolving line of credit with PNC Bank bear interest at an annual rate based on 
daily BSBY plus 2.50%.  As of August 31, 2022, NTIC had borrowings of $5,900,000 under the line of credit that 
existed as of that date. 

55 

 
Item 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The following items are included herein:   

57 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  ....................................................................................  
59 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 31, 2022 and 2021 ................................................................................  
60 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 .........................................  
61 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 .....................  
62 
Consolidated Statements of Equity for the years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 ................................................  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 ........................................  
63 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ............................................................................................................   64-85 

Page 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  

To the shareholders and the board of directors of  
Northern Technologies International Corporation and Subsidiaries: 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Northern Technologies International Corporation 
and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of August 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, 
comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows, for each of the two years in the period ended August 31, 2022, and the 
related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated 
financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2022 
and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended August 31, 
2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting 
firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to 
be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules 
and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an 
audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of 
internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures 
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial 
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to 
accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, 
subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on 
the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing 
separate opinions on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Accounting for the Attainment of Control of Harita-NTI Limited Joint Venture  

Critical Audit Matter Description 

As described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company completed the accounting for the 
acquisition of the remaining 50% ownership interest in Harita-NTI Limited (Harita) during the year ended 
August 31, 2022. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. The Company measured the 
fair value of the previously held equity interest in Harita and recorded a gain.  The Company then measured the 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value, which resulted in the recognition of a customer 
relationship intangible asset and goodwill.  

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The valuation of the fair value of the previously held equity interest and customer relationship intangible asset 
is complex and judgmental due to the use of subjective assumptions in the valuation models used by 
management when determining the estimated fair values of the asset and the previously held equity interest. 
The determination of the fair values of the intangible asset and the previously held equity interest requires 
management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenues, expenses, 
discount rates, risk-free rates, weighted-average cost of capital, equity risk premium, control premiums and 
royalty rates.  

Auditing management’s valuation of the acquired intangible asset and the previously held equity interest is 
complex due to the judgments required to evaluate management’s previously noted estimates and assumptions. 

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit 

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: 

•  Obtained an understanding of the design and implementation of internal controls relating to the 

evaluation of the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the customer relationship intangible 
asset acquired and previously held equity interest. 

•  Substantively tested, with the assistance of firm personnel with experience in the application of fair 

value and valuation methodologies, the appropriateness of the judgments and assumptions used in 
management’s estimation process for determining the fair value of the customer relationship 
intangible asset acquired and the previously held equity interest, including:  

o  Tested the mathematical accuracy of the calculations performed along with assessing the 

completeness of the information used in the calculations. 

o  Evaluated the appropriateness of the valuation methodologies used, as well as the key 

assumptions and inputs used, including cash flow projections, discount rate, risk-free rate, 
weighted-average cost of capital, equity risk premium, control premiums and royalty rates. 

o  Performed sensitivity analyses to evaluate the changes in the fair value of the intangible 

assets that would result from changes in the assumptions. 

o  Compared significant assumptions used by management to current industry and competitor 
data, historical results, third-party market data and evidence obtained in other areas of the 
audit.  

/s/ Baker Tilly US, LLP 

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2004. 

Minneapolis, Minnesota 
November 15, 2022 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021        

ASSETS 
   CURRENT ASSETS: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Available for sale securities 

Receivables: 

Trade excluding joint ventures, less allowance for doubtful accounts 

of $439,000 as of August 31, 2022 and $382,000 as of August 31, 2021 

Trade, joint ventures 
Fees for services provided to joint ventures 

    Income taxes 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 

Total current assets 

August 31, 2022 

August 31, 2021 

$   5,333,890 
5,590 

$              7,680,641 
                       4,634 

              14,136,930  
                   697,861  
                1,765,117  
                   - 
              16,341,729  
                1,953,764  
              40,234,881 

              11,128,805 
                   624,808 
                1,505,127 
                   386,574 
              11,114,207 
                1,302,293 
              33,747,089 

   PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET 

              12,170,493 

11,821,458 

   OTHER ASSETS: 

Investments in joint ventures 
Deferred income taxes 
Patents and trademarks, net 
Goodwill 
Intangible asset, net 
Operating lease right of use assets 
   Total other assets 
             Total assets 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
  CURRENT LIABILITIES: 
Accounts payable 
Line of credit 
Income taxes payable 
Accrued liabilities: 

Payroll and related benefits 
Other 

Current portion of operating lease 
Total current liabilities 

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES: 
  Deferred income tax, net 
  Operating lease, less current portion 

Total long-term liabilities 

    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 17) 
   EQUITY: 

Preferred stock, no par value; authorized 10,000 shares; none issued and  
    outstanding 
Common stock, $0.02 par value per share; authorized 15,000,000 
    shares as of August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021;  
    issued and outstanding 9,232,483 and 9,184,811, respectively 
Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
           Stockholders’ equity 
Non-controlling interests 
           Total equity 
           Total liabilities and equity 

              21,814,754  

                            -    

                   710,011  
                4,782,376  
                5,923,867  
                   557,571  
              33,788,579  
             $   86,193,953  

           $     7,796,494  
                5,900,000  
                     30,742  

                2,297,543  
                   667,292  
                   373,330  
              17,065,401  

                1,700,015  
                   184,241  
                1,884,256  

$ 

$ 

27,623,768 
92,554 
709,572 
— 
— 
376,438 
28,802,332 
74,370,879 

4,290,972 
— 
178,923 

2,879,468 
894,497 
272,336 
8,516,196 

— 
104,102 
104,102 

— 

— 

                   184,650  

              19,939,131  
              50,716,613  
              (7,245,132) 
              63,595,262  
                3,649,034  
              67,244,296  
          $    86,193,953  

183,696 
18,736,268 
46,973,092 
(3,525,030) 
62,368,026 
3,382,555 
65,750,581 
74,370,879 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

59 

 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021 

NET SALES: 
       Net sales, excluding joint ventures  
       Net sales, to joint ventures  
            Total net sales 
   Cost of goods sold 
         Gross profit 

JOINT VENTURE OPERATIONS: 

  Equity in income from joint ventures  
  Fees for services provided to joint ventures 
 o        Total joint venture operations 

OPERATING EXPENSES: 

Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Research and development expenses 
     Total operating expenses 

2022 

2021 

   $           71,190,801   $ 
                2,968,089  
              74,158,890  
              51,090,298  
              23,068,592  

                4,725,918  
                5,767,682  
                10,493,600  

 13,038,180  
 10,600,603  
 4,775,334  
 28,414,117  

53,470,623 
3,023,196 
56,493,819 
36,920,814 
19,573,005 

7,465,214 
5,964,260 
13,429,474 

12,016,974 
8,262,173 
4,400,479 
24,679,626 

OPERATING INCOME 

                5,148,075 

8,322,853 

REMEASUREMENT GAIN ON ACQUISITION OF EQUITY METHOD 
INVESTEE 
INTEREST INCOME 
INTEREST EXPENSE 

3,951,550 
                     49,241  
                   (89,096) 

— 
151,875 
(16,086) 

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSE 

9,059,770 

8,458,642 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE 

NET INCOME 

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NON-CONTROLLING 
INTERESTS 

1,873,836 

1,461,905 

7,185,934 

6,996,737 

861,234 

715,499 

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NTIC  

$   

6,324,700  $ 

6,281,238 

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NTIC PER COMMON SHARE: 

Basic 
Diluted 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES 

ASSUMED OUTSTANDING: 

Basic 
Diluted 

$  
$ 

0.69  $ 
0.66  $ 

0.69 
0.64 

9,216,216 
9,635,028 

9,116,472 
9,874,139 

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE 

$ 

0.28 

$ 

0.195 

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021 

NET INCOME 

  OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME – FOREIGN                             

CURRENCY TRANSLATION ADJUSTMENT 

2022 
7,185,934 

$ 

2021 
6,996,737 

$ 

(3,912,128) 

(92,562) 

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  

3,273,806 

6,904,175 

      LESS: COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO  
       NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS 

(669,208) 

(737,529) 

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NTIC 

$ 

2,604,598 

$ 

6,166,646 

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY  
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021  

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Common Stock 

Shares 

Amount 

Additional 

Paid-in 

Capital 

Retained 

Earnings 

Accumulated 

Other 

Non- 

Comprehensive 

Controlling 

Loss 

Interests 

Total  

Equity 

BALANCE AT AUGUST 31, 2020 

9,099,990 

$182,000 

$17,415,043 

$ 42,472,810 

$    (3,410,438) 

$  3,045,026 

$ 59,704,441 

Stock options exercised 
Stock issued for employee stock  
   purchase plan 

Stock option expense 

Dividends paid to stockholders 
Dividend received by non-controlling    
   interest 

Net income  

Other comprehensive income (loss)   

74,950 

9,871 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,499 

197 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

582,915 

74,136 

664,174 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,780,956) 

— 

6,281,238 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(114,592) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

584,414 

74,333 

664,174 

- 

(1,780,956) 

(400,000) 

715,499 

22,030 

(400,000) 

6,996,737 

(92,562) 

BALANCE AT AUGUST 31, 2021 

9,184,811 

$183,696 

$18,736,268 

$ 46,973,092 

$    (3,525,030) 

$  3,382,555 

$ 65,750,581 

Stock options exercised 
Stock issued for employee stock  
   purchase plan 

Stock option expense 

Dividends paid to stockholders 
Dividend received by non-controlling    
   interest 

Net income  

Other comprehensive loss   

42,071 

5,601 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

842 

112 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

197,798 

73,533 

931,532 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(2,581,179) 

— 

6,324,700 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

198,640 

73,645 

931,532 

- 

(2,581,179) 

(402,729) 

(402,729) 

861,234 

7,185,934 

— 

(3,720,102) 

(192,026) 

(3,912,128) 

BALANCE AT AUGUST 31, 2022 

9,232,483 

$184,650 

$19,939,131 

$ 50,716,613 

$    (7,245,132) 

$  3,649,034 

$ 67,244,296 

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: 
  Net income 
  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: 

Stock-based compensation 
Depreciation expense 
Amortization expense 
Remeasurement gain on acquisition of equity method investee 
Change in allowance for doubtful accounts 
Equity in income from joint ventures 
Dividends received from joint ventures 
Deferred income taxes 

  Changes in current assets and liabilities: 

Receivables: 

Trade, excluding joint ventures 
Trade, joint ventures 
Fees for services provided to joint ventures 
Income taxes 

    Inventories 
    Prepaid expenses and other 
    Accounts payable 
    Income tax payable 
    Accrued liabilities 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: 
  Acquisition of Zerust India business, net of cash acquired (see Note 3) 

Investment in joint venture 
Purchase of available for sale securities 
Proceeds from the sale of available for sale securities  
Purchases of property and equipment 
Investments in patents 

Net cash used in investing activities 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: 
  Dividend received by non-controlling interest 

Proceeds from line of credit 

  Dividends paid on NTIC common stock 

Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 
           Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 

2022 

2021 

$   7,185,934 

$ 

6,996,737 

931,532 
938,489 
629,843 
(3,951,550) 
57,000 
(4,725,918) 
5,723,176 
(81,500) 

(2,091,353) 
(73,053) 
(259,550) 
284,025 
(4,818,860) 
3,111 
3,010,526 
(493,091) 
(1,122,713) 
1,146,078 

(5,062,003) 
(341,392) 
- 
(956) 
(1,496,674) 
(207,149) 
(7,108,174) 

(402,729) 
5,900,000 
(2,581,179) 
73,645 
198,640 
3,188,377 

664,174 
905,299 
203,088 
— 
262,000 
(7,465,214) 
3,665,365 
114,620 

(3,030,655) 
(148,908) 
(577,841) 
(362,438) 
58,314 
(487,771) 
866,597 
(160,231) 
1,389,804 
2,892,940 

— 
- 
(800,000) 
6,340,088 
(5,532,750) 
(110,654) 
(103,316) 

(400,000) 
— 
(1,780,956) 
74,333 
584,414 
(1,522,209) 

EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH 
EQUIVALENTS 

NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 

426,968 

10,194 

(2,346,751) 
7,680,641 

1,277,609 
6,403,032 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR 

$ 

5,333,890 

$ 

7,680,641 

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 
AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31, 2022 AND 2021 

1. 

NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Nature of Business – Northern Technologies International Corporation and its Subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) 
develop and market proprietary environmentally beneficial products and services in over 65 countries either directly or via 
a network of joint ventures, independent distributors, and agents.  The Company’s primary business is corrosion prevention 
marketed mainly under the ZERUST® brand.  The Company has been selling its proprietary ZERUST® rust and corrosion 
prevention products and services to the automotive, electronics, electrical, mechanical, military, and retail consumer 
markets for almost 50 years and, more recently, has also expanded into the oil and gas industry.  The Company also sells a 
portfolio of proprietary bio-based and certified compostable (fully biodegradable) polymer resin compounds and finished 
products under the Natur-Tec® brand.  These products are intended to reduce the Company’s customers’ carbon footprint 
and provide environmentally sound disposal options.  The Company’s two operating segments are ZERUST and Natur-Tec. 

The Company participates, either directly or indirectly, in 16 active joint venture arrangements in North America, Europe, 
and Asia.  Each of these joint ventures generally manufactures and markets products in the geographic territory to which it 
is assigned.  While most of the Company’s joint ventures exclusively sell rust and corrosion inhibiting products, some of 
the joint ventures also sell the Company’s Natur-Tec® resin compounds and finished products.  The profits of joint ventures 
are shared by the respective joint venture owners in accordance with their respective ownership percentages.  The Company 
typically owns 50% or less of its joint venture entities and does not control the decisions of these entities, including 
dividend declaration or amount in any given year. 

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic – As a result of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and related government 
mandated restrictions on the Company’s business as well as the businesses of its joint ventures, customers and suppliers, 
disruption to the Company’s business and the manufacture and sale of its products and services continued to occur during 
fiscal 2022 and is expected to continue into fiscal 2023. In fiscal 2022, the Company continued to be impacted by shipping 
issues, including freight container shortages, shipping delays, and increased costs, and supply chain issues, including longer 
lead times and raw material cost increases. 

Principles of Consolidation – NTIC evaluates its voting and variable interests in entities on a qualitative and quantitative 
basis.  NTIC consolidates entities in which it concludes it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly 
impact an entity’s economic success and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be 
significant to the entity.  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Northern Technologies International 
Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Northern Technologies Holding Company, LLC, NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. 
(NTIC China), ZERUST-EXCOR MEXICO, S. de R.L. de C.V  (Zerust Mexico), NTIC Europe GmbH (NTI Europe), 
NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in India, Natur-Tec India Private Limited (Natur-Tec India), NTIC’s majority-owned 
subsidiary in Brazil, Zerust Prevenção de Corrosão S.A. (Zerust Brazil), NTIC’s majority-owned subsidiary in Sri Lanka, 
Natur Tec Lanka (Pvt) Ltd (Natur Tec Lanka), and NTIC’s majority-owned holding company, NTI Asean LLC (NTI 
Asean), and its wholly owned subsidiaries Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd (Zerust Singapore) and Zerust Vietnam Co. Ltd (Zerust 
Vietnam).  NTIC’s consolidated financial statements do not include the accounts of any of its joint ventures. Effective as of 
September 1, 2021, HNTI Limited (Zerust India) has been consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements 
since the Company purchased the remaining 50% ownership interest of Zerust India effective as of September 1, 2021. 

Non-Controlling Interests – The Company owns 75% of Natur-Tec India, 75% of Natur Tec Lanka, 85% of Zerust Brazil, 
60% of NTI Asean, Zerust Singapore Pte Ltd and Zerust Vietnam Co Ltd.  The remaining ownership of the consolidated 
entities are accounted for as non-controlling interests and reported as part of equity in the consolidated financial statements.  
The Company allocates gains and losses to the non-controlling interest even when such allocation results in a deficit 
balance, reducing the losses attributed to the controlling interest.  Changes in ownership interests are treated as equity 
transactions if the Company maintains control. 

64 

 
 
Net Sales – The Company includes net sales to its joint ventures and net sales to unaffiliated customers as separate line 
items on its consolidated statements of operations.  There are no sales originating from the Company’s joint ventures 
included in the amount, as the Company’s investments in its joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.   

When determining recognition of revenue arrangements the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the 
contracts with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; 
(4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when or as the 
entity satisfies a performance obligation.  The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable 
that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods it transfers to, or services it performs 
for, the customer. 

Generally, the Company’s performance obligations are satisfied when the customers take possession of the products, which 
normally occurs at the shipping point or destination depending on the terms of the contracts.  The Company’s services are 
generally sold based upon quotes or contracts with customers that include a fixed or determinable price, and sales 
arrangements do not contain any significant financing component for its customers.  The Company does not recognize 
revenue related to product warranties, nor does the Company incur significant contract costs. Customer arrangements do 
not generate contract assets or liabilities.  

Revenue Recognition – Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in the contract with a customer, adjusted for 
any applicable estimates of variable consideration and other factors affecting the transaction price, including noncash 
consideration, consideration paid or payable to customers, and significant financing components. Revenue from all 
customers is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control of a distinct good or service to a 
customer.    

Individually promised goods and services in a contract are considered a distinct performance obligation and accounted for 
separately if the customer can benefit from the individual good or service on its own or with other resources that are readily 
available to the customer and the good or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the arrangement.  When 
an arrangement includes multiple performance obligations, the consideration is allocated between the performance 
obligations in proportion to their estimated standalone selling price.  Costs related to products delivered are recognized in 
the period incurred, unless criteria for capitalization of costs are met.  Costs of revenues consist primarily of direct labor, 
manufacturing overhead, materials, and components.  The Company does not incur significant upfront costs to obtain a 
contract.  If costs to obtain a contract were to become material, the costs would be recorded as an asset and amortized to 
expense in a manner consistent with the related recognition of revenue.  

The Company excludes government assessed and imposed taxes on revenue generating transactions that are invoiced to 
customers from revenue.  The Company includes freight billed to customers in revenue.  Shipping and handling costs 
associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment 
cost and are included in cost of goods sold.  

The timing of revenue recognition, billing, and cash collections results in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance 
sheet.  

Performance Obligations – A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the 
customer.  A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation in proportion to its standalone 
selling price and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied.  The Company’s various 
performance obligations and the timing or method of revenue recognition are discussed below. The Company’s technical 
service consultants work directly with the end users of NTIC’s ZERUST® rust and corrosion inhibiting products to 
analyze their specific needs and develop systems to meet their performance requirements. 

The Company sells its products to both distributors and end-users.  Each unit of product delivered under a customer order 
represents a distinct and separate performance obligation, as the customer can benefit from each unit on its own or with 
other resources that are readily available to the customer, and each unit of product is separately identifiable from other 
products in the arrangement.   

The transaction price for the Company’s products is the invoiced amount.  The Company does not have variable 
consideration in the form of refunds, credits, rebates, price concessions, pricing incentives, or other items impacting 

65 

 
 
transaction price.  The purchase order pricing in arrangements with customers is deemed to approximate standalone selling 
price; therefore, the Company does not need to allocate proceeds on a relative standalone selling price allocation between 
performance obligations.  The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose 
information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.  There are 
no material obligations that extend beyond one year.    

Revenue is recognized when transfer of control occurs, as defined by the terms in the customer agreement.  The Company 
immediately recognizes incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract.  The Company has applied the 
practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-25-16A and does not assess if immaterial items are promised goods or services.  
The Company has also applied the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-32-18 regarding the adjustment of the promised 
amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component when the customer pays for that good or 
service within one year or less, as the Company does not have any significant financing components in its customer 
arrangements since payment is received at or shortly after the point of sale, generally thirty to ninety days.  

The Company estimates returns based on an analysis of historical experience if the right to return products is granted to its 
customers.  The Company does not record a return asset, as non-conforming products are generally not returned.  The 
Company’s return policy does not vary by geography.  The customer has no rotation or price protection rights, and the 
Company is not under a warranty obligation.  

Sales Commissions – Sales commissions paid to sales representatives are eligible for capitalization, as they are incremental 
costs that would not have been incurred without entering into a specific sales arrangement and are recoverable through the 
expected margin on the transaction.  The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient provided by ASC 340-40-
25-4 and recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred, as the amortization period of 
the assets that would have otherwise been recognized is one year or less.  The Company records these costs as a selling 
expense.  

Product Warranty – The Company offers warranties on various products and services.  These warranties are assurance type 
warranties that are not sold on a standalone basis; therefore, they are not considered distinct performance obligations.  The 
Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its warranties and records a liability in the amount of such costs at 
the time the revenue is recognized for the product sale.   

International Revenue – The Company markets its products to numerous countries in North America, Europe, Latin 
America, Asia, and other parts of the world.  See Note 13, Segment and Geographic Information, for information regarding 
revenue disaggregation by geography. 

Trade Receivables – Payment terms for the Company’s unaffiliated customers are determined based on credit risk and vary 
by customer.  The Company typically offers standard payment terms to unaffiliated customers of net 30 days.  The 
Company does not accrue interest on past due accounts receivable.  The Company reviews the credit histories of its 
customers before extending unsecured credit.  The Company presents accounts and notes receivable net of an allowance for 
doubtful accounts.  Each quarter, the Company prepares an analysis of its ability to collect outstanding receivables that 
provides a basis for an allowance estimate for doubtful accounts.  In doing so, the Company evaluates the age of its 
receivables, past collection history, current financial conditions of key customers and its joint ventures, and economic 
conditions.  Based on this evaluation, the Company establishes a reserve for specific accounts and notes receivable that it 
believes are uncollectible, as well as an estimate of uncollectible receivables not specifically known.  The Company 
believes that an analysis of historical trends and its current knowledge of potential collection problems provide the 
Company with sufficient information to establish a reasonable estimate for an allowance for doubtful accounts.  In the event 
the Company determines that a smaller or larger uncollectible accounts reserve is appropriate, the Company records a credit 
or charge to selling expense in the period that it made such determination.  Accounts receivable have been reduced by an 
allowance for uncollectible accounts of $439,000 and $382,000 as of August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, respectively.  
Accounts are considered past due based on terms agreed upon between the Company and the customer.  Accounts 
receivable are written-off only after all collection attempts have failed and are based on individual credit evaluation and 
specific circumstances of the customer.  

Trade Receivables from Joint Ventures – Trade receivables from joint ventures arise from sales of products the Company 
makes to its joint ventures.  Payment terms for the Company’s joint ventures also are determined based on credit risk; 
however, additional consideration is given to the individual joint venture due to the transportation time associated with 

66 

 
ocean delivery of most products and certain other factors.  Generally, accounts receivable from the Company’s joint 
ventures unpaid after 90 days are considered past due.  The Company does not accrue interest on past due balances.  The 
Company periodically reviews amounts due from its joint ventures for collectability and, based on past experience and 
continuous review of the balances due, determined that an allowance for doubtful accounts related to its joint venture 
receivables was not necessary as of August 31, 2022 or 2021. 

Fees for Services Provided to Joint Ventures – The Company provides services to its joint ventures including consulting, 
legal, travel, insurance, technical, and marketing services based on licensing or other agreements with its joint ventures.  
The Company receives fees for the services it provides to its joint ventures.  The fees for services received by the Company 
from its joint ventures are generally based on either a flat fee or a percentage of net sales by the Company’s joint ventures 
depending on local laws and tax regulations.  Under the Company’s agreements with its joint ventures, amounts are earned 
when product is shipped from joint venture facilities, at which point a sale is deemed to have occurred and results in 
obligation for the joint venture to pay the royalty and recognition of the fee by the Company.  The Company reviews the 
financial situation of each of its joint ventures to assist in the likelihood of collections on amounts earned.  The Company 
accounts for these fees on a cash basis if uncertainty exists surrounding the collection of such fees. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents – The Company includes as cash and cash equivalents highly liquid, short-term investments 
with maturity of three months or less when purchased, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.  The 
Company maintains its cash in high quality financial institutions.  The balances, at times, may exceed federally insured 
limits. 

Available for Sale Securities – Available for sale securities are recorded at fair value. Unrealized holding gains and losses 
on available for sale securities are not significant. 

Inventories – Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. 

Property and Depreciation – Property and equipment are stated at cost.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line 
method based on the estimated service lives of the various assets as follows: 

Buildings and improvements 
Machinery and equipment 

5-30 years 
3-10 years 

Patents and Trademarks – Patents and trademarks, including acquisition costs, are stated at cost, less accumulated 
amortization. Amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective 
assets. Upon retirement, the cost of assets disposed and the related accumulated amortization are removed from the 
accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations.  

Investments in Joint Ventures – Investments in the Company’s joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.  
Under the equity method, investments are initially recorded at cost and are adjusted for dividends, distributed and 
undistributed earnings and losses, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and additional investments.  In the event the 
Company’s share of a joint venture’s cumulative losses exceeds the Company’s investment balance, the balance is reported 
at zero value until proportionate income exceeds the losses.  The Company assesses its joint ventures for impairment on an 
annual basis as of August 31 of each year as part of its fiscal year end analysis.  In addition to the annual review for 
impairment, the Company reviews the operating results of each joint venture on a quarterly basis in comparison to its 
historical operating results and its accrual of fees for services provided to joint ventures.  If the operating results of a joint 
venture do not meet financial performance expectations, an additional evaluation is performed on the joint venture.  The 
Company’s evaluation of its investments in joint ventures requires the Company to make assumptions about future cash 
flows of its joint ventures.  These assumptions require significant judgment, and actual results may differ from assumed or 
estimated amounts. All investments in joint ventures had positive equity as of August 31, 2022 and 2021.  The Company 
considers any of its joint ventures to be significant and discloses entity specific financial information if the joint venture’s 
income or assets make up more than 20% of the Company’s total assets or income.   

The Company classifies distributions received from its joint ventures based on the nature of the distributions, generally, in 
operating activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows. 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
If the Company is no longer able to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policy of a joint venture 
previously accounted for under the equity method, it maintains the investment at the carrying value as of the date that 
significant influence no longer exists and discontinues accruing the proportionate earnings or losses of the investment.  

Investments are considered to be impaired when a decline in fair value is judged to be other-than-temporary.  Fair value is 
calculated based on publicly available market information or other estimates determined by management.  The Company 
employs a systematic methodology on a quarterly basis that considers available quantitative and qualitative evidence in 
evaluating potential impairment of our investments.  If the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, the Company 
evaluates, among other factors, general market conditions, credit quality, the duration and extent to which the fair value is 
less than cost, and for equity securities, the Company’s intent and ability to hold, or plans to sell, the investment.  The 
Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of and business outlook for the investee, 
including industry and sector performance, changes in technology, and operational and financing cash flow factors. Once a 
decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge is recorded to other income (expense), 
and a new cost basis in the investment is established. 

Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets – The Company reviews its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in 
circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable.  The Company determines potential 
impairment by comparing the carrying value of the assets with expected net cash flows expected to be provided by 
operating activities of the business or related products.  If the sum of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less 
than the carrying value, the Company evaluates whether an impairment loss should be recognized.  An impairment loss is 
measured by comparing the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset.  When evaluating assets 
for impairment, the Company groups long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which 
identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. 

Acquisitions of Businesses - Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method. Identifiable assets 
acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair 
values at the acquisition date. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed 
requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including 
assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, probabilities of success, discount rates, and asset lives, 
among other items.  The excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the Company’s share 
of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from 
the business combination and are recognized as general and administrative expense as incurred. The Company evaluates the 
materiality of required disclosures related to our business combinations using quantitative and qualitative measures. 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets- Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of tangible net 
assets acquired in acquisitions after amounts have been allocated to intangible assets. Goodwill is tested for impairment 
annually (at August 31), or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be 
impaired. Examples of such events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal or 
business climate, an adverse regulatory action or unanticipated competition.  

The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances would indicate that 
it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If after assessing the 
totality of events or circumstances, the Company were to determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the 
reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the Company would perform a quantitative test that compares the fair 
value to its carrying value to determine the amount of any impairment. The Company has determined there was no goodwill 
impairment as of August 31, 2022. 

Income Taxes – The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, which requires the 
recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included 
in the consolidated financial statements.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences 
between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which 
the differences are expected to reverse.  The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is 
recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date.   

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent the Company believes these assets will more likely than not be 
realized.  In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including 

68 

 
future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and 
results of recent operations.  In the event the Company determines that it would be able to realize its deferred assets in the 
future in excess of their net recorded amount, the Company makes an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation 
allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.  

The Company records uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process whereby the Company determines whether 
it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and those tax 
positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold.  The Company recognizes the largest amount of tax 
benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. 

Foreign Currency Translation (Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)) – The functional currency of NTIC 
China, Zerust Brazil, Natur-Tec India, Natur Tec Lanka, Zerust Mexico, Zerust India, Zerust Singapore, Zerust Vietnam, 
NTI Europe, and each unconsolidated international joint venture is the applicable local currency.  The translation of the 
applicable foreign currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the 
balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using an average monthly exchange rate.  Translation gains or 
losses are reported as an element of other comprehensive income (loss). 

The Company (excluding NTIC China, Zerust Brazil, Natur-Tec India, Natur Tec Lanka, Zerust India, Zerust Singapore, 
Zerust Vietnam, NTI Asean, Zerust Mexico, NTI Europe, and NTIC’s joint ventures) conducts all foreign transactions 
based on the U.S. dollar.  Since investments in joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method, any changes in 
foreign currency exchange rates are reflected as a foreign currency translation adjustment and do not change the equity in 
income from joint ventures reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, available for sale securities, short-
term accounts and notes receivable, notes payable, trade accounts payables, and other accrued expenses approximate fair 
value because of the short maturity of those instruments.  

Shipping and Handling – The Company records all amounts billed to customers in a sales transaction related to shipping 
and handling as sales.  The Company records costs related to shipping and handling in cost of goods sold. 

Research and Development – The Company expenses all costs related to product research and development as incurred.  

Common Stock – The Company issues authorized but unissued shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options. 

Stock-Based Compensation – The Company recognizes compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions, 
including grants of employee stock options and transactions under the Company’s employee stock purchase plan, in its 
consolidated financial statements.  That cost is measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments 
issued.  The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for stock options and other stock-based 
awards based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes the cost over the period the employee is required to 
provide services for the award (generally the vesting term).   

Subsequent Events – The Company has evaluated events occurring after the date of the consolidated financial statements for 
events requiring disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.  

Use of Estimates – The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could 
differ from those estimates. 

69 

 
2. 

ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, 
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises guidance for the accounting for credit losses on 
financial instruments within its scope, and in November 2018, issued ASU No. 2018-19 and in April 2019, issued ASU No. 
2019-04 and in May 2019, issued ASU No. 2019-05, and in November 2019, issued ASU No. 2019-11, which amended the 
standard. The new standard introduces an approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of 
financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new approach to 
estimating credit losses (referred to as the current expected credit losses model) applies to most financial assets measured at 
amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, 
net investments in leases and off-balance-sheet credit exposures. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. Entities are required 
to apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first 
reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this ASU. 

Although there are several other new accounting pronouncements issued or proposed by the FASB, which the Company has 
adopted or will adopt, as applicable, the Company does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements has had or will 
have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or operating results. 

3. 

BUSINESS COMBINATION 

On September 21, 2021, the Company announced that it acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest in its Indian joint 
venture, HNTI Limited (Zerust India), for $6,250,000 in cash, effective as of September 1, 2021, the date the Company 
obtained control. Prior to September 1, 2021, the Company owned 50% of the outstanding capital stock of Zerust India. 
The Company had historically accounted for this investment under the equity method of accounting. This purchase was 
funded with cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s revolving line of credit. The Company undertook the 
acquisition to enhance its Zerust business in India. 

The purchase price of $6,250,000 was funded with cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s revolving line of 
credit, which was increased in connection with the transaction to $5,000,000. 

Because the Company increased its ownership interest in Zerust India to 100%, the acquisition of Zerust India has been 
accounted for in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, Business Combinations, by using the 
acquisition method of accounting. Effective September 1, 2021, Zerust India became a consolidated subsidiary within the 
Company’s financial statements. 

The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation that includes the fair values of the separately identifiable 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of September 1, 2021: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade account receivable 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Property, plant and equipment 
Operating lease, right of use asset 
Customer relationships 
Goodwill 
Current liabilities 
Deferred tax liability  
Operating lease liability 
                            Net assets acquired   
Less: 
 Fair value of previously held equity method investment 

70 

 $           1,187,997 
1,954,769 
886,650 
396,545 
219,077 
355,000 
6,347,000 
4,782,376 
(1,370,314) 
(1,904,100) 
(355,000) 

$    12,500,000 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 Cumulative foreign currency translation 
 Gain recognized on acquisition 

   Cash paid for acquisition 

(1,637,362) 
(661,088) 
(3,951,550) 
(6,250,000) 
6,250,000 

$ 

The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets 
acquired was recorded as goodwill. The fair values assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates and assumptions. The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed may be subject to change as additional information is received. 

The fair value of the intangible asset associated with customer relationships was estimated using a discounted cash flow 
method with the application of the multi-period excess earnings method. Under this method, an intangible asset’s fair value 
is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flows attributable to only the subject intangible asset after 
deducting contributory asset charges. 

The rate used to discount the estimated future net cash flows to their present values for the intangible assets was based upon 
a weighted average cost of capital calculation. The discount rate was determined after consideration of market rates of 
return on debt and equity capital, the weighted average return on invested capital and the risk associated with achieving 
forecasted sales related to the assets acquired from Zerust India. The weighted average discount rate used to determine the 
fair value of the customer relationships was 15.3%. 

The amortization period for the intangible assets is 15 years. The intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line 
basis, which is consistent with the pattern that the economic benefits of the intangible assets are expected to be utilized 
based upon estimated cash flows generated from such asset. Goodwill associated with the acquisition was primarily 
attributable to the expansion opportunity of the Company’s Zerust business in India. 

Authoritative guidance on accounting for business combinations requires that an acquirer re-measure its previously held 
equity interest in the acquisition at its acquisition date fair value and recognize the resulting gain or loss in earnings. As 
such, since the Company acquired the remaining 50% ownership interest of Zerust India effective September 1, 2021, the 
Company recognized a gain of $3,951,550 during the year ended August 31, 2022. This gain is included in 
“Remeasurement gain on acquisition of equity method investee” on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations 
for the year ended August 31, 2022. 

The Company has included the financial results of Zerust India in the consolidated financial statements from September 1, 
2021. Net revenue and net income related to Zerust India since the date of acquisition totaled $9,961,464 and $659,794, 
respectively. The transaction costs associated with the acquisition were approximately $115,000 and are recorded in general 
and administrative expense as incurred during the year ended August 31, 2022. 

Unaudited consolidated pro forma information assuming the acquisition had occurred on September 1, 2020 for the year 
ended August 31, 2021 would have an increase in net sales of $9,074,240 and an increase in the net income of $1,529,615. 
The unaudited consolidated pro forma combined financial information does not purport to be indicative of the results which 
would have been obtained had the acquisition been completed as of the beginning of the earliest period presented or of 
results that may be obtained in the future. In addition, they do not include any benefits that may result from the acquisition 
due to synergies that may be derived from the elimination of any duplicative costs. 

4. 

INVENTORIES 

Inventories consisted of the following: 

Production materials 
Finished goods 

August 31, 2022 

$      6,496,656  
 9,845,073  
$    16,341,729  

August 31, 2021 
  $         4,453,688  
             6,660,519  
    $     11,114,207  

71 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET 

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following: 

             Land 
             Buildings and improvements 
             Machinery and equipment 

             Less accumulated depreciation 

6. 

PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS, NET 

Patents and trademarks, net consisted of the following: 

Patents and trademarks 
Less accumulated amortization 

August 31, 2022 

$          310,365  
 14,778,759  
 5,643,320  
 20,732,444  
 (8,561,951) 
$     12,170,493  

August 31, 2021 
  $          310,365  
         13,149,258  
           5,453,679  
         18,913,302  
         (7,091,844) 
   $    11,821,458  

August 31, 2022 

$     3,225,655  
 (2,515,644) 
$        710,011  

August 31, 2021 
    $     3,018,507  
         (2,308,935) 
    $        709,572  

Patent and trademark costs are amortized over seven years.  Costs incurred related to patents and trademarks are capitalized 
until filed and approved, at which time the amounts capitalized to date are amortized, and any further costs, including 
maintenance costs, are expensed as incurred.  Amortization expense was $206,710 and $203,088 for the years ended 
August 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  Amortization expense is estimated to average $178,000 in each of the next four 
fiscal years. 

7. 

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company’s foreign joint ventures are initially prepared using the accounting 
principles accepted in the respective joint ventures’ countries of domicile.  Amounts related to foreign joint ventures 
reported in the below tables and the accompanying consolidated financial statements have subsequently been adjusted to 
conform with U.S. GAAP in all material respects.  All material profits on sales recorded that remain on the consolidated 
balance sheet from the Company to its joint ventures and from joint ventures to other joint ventures have been eliminated 
for financial reporting purposes. 

The Company considers the Company’s joint venture in Germany, Excor Korrosionsschutz – Technologien und Produkte 
GmbH (EXCOR) to be individually significant to the Company’s consolidated assets and income as of August 31, 2022 
and 2021. Zerust India became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company effective as of September 1, 2021.  Financial 
information from the audited and unaudited financial statements of EXCOR as well as all the Company’s other joint 
ventures, are summarized as follows: 

As of August 31, 2022 

Current assets 
Total assets 
Current liabilities 
Noncurrent liabilities 
Joint ventures’ equity 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of joint ventures’  
  equity 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of joint ventures’  
  undistributed earnings 

Total 

OTHER 

EXCOR 
$  52,428,831   $ 26,047,914   $ 26,380,917  
27,921,925  
8,037,938  
1,138,980  
18,745,007  
9,320,434  

27,932,532  
2,943,895  
-  
24,988,637  
12,494,320  

55,854,457  
10,981,833  
1,138,980  
43,733,644  
21,814,754  

21,256,923  

12,463,415  

8,793,508  

72 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales 
Gross profit 
Net income 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of equity in 
  income of joint ventures 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s dividends received from  
  joint ventures 

Current assets 
Total assets 
Current liabilities 
Noncurrent liabilities 
Joint ventures’ equity 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of joint ventures’  
  equity 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of joint ventures’  
  undistributed earnings 

Net sales 
Gross profit 
Net income 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s share of equity in 
  income of joint ventures 
Northern Technologies International  
  Corporation’s dividends received from  
  joint ventures 
____________________ 
(1) 

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2022 
Total 

EXCOR 
$ 104,077,748   $ 42,853,162   $ 61,224,586  
20,718,247  
2,814,382  
1,488,929  

41,030,647  
9,302,237  
4,725,918  

20,312,400  
6,487,855  
3,236,989  

OTHER 

5,723,176  

 4,255,200  

1,467,976  

As of August 31, 2021 

Total 

OTHER(1) 

EXCOR 
$69,394,796   $33,886,655   $35,508,141  
37,602,882  
36,211,520  
10,980,021  
5,386,377  
1,455,524  
-  
25,167,336  
30,825,144  

73,814,402  
16,366,398  
1,455,524  
55,992,480  

27,623,768  

15,412,574  

12,211,194  

24,702,778  

14,697,490  

10,005,288  

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2021 
Total 

EXCOR 
$120,954,550   $46,522,688   $74,431,862  
27,981,629  
6,122,536  

53,371,610  
14,921,531  

25,389,981  
8,798,995  

OTHER(1) 

7,465,214  

4,400,403  

3,064,811  

3,665,365  

1,809,900  

1,855,465  

Includes Zerust India since Zerust India was not a consolidated subsidiary of the Company as of August 31, 2021. 
See Note 3 entitled “Business Combination.” 

8. 

INTANGIBLE ASSET, NET 

Intangible asset, net consisted of the following: 

Customer relationships 
Less accumulated amortization 
Net Carrying Amount 

August 31, 2022 

$    6,347,000  
 (423,133) 
 $    5,923,867  

August 31, 2021 
$ 

— 
— 
— 

$ 

The customer relationships were established as a part of purchase accounting related to our Zerust India acquisition.  See 
Note 3 entitled “Business Combination.”  The Company amortizes the intangible asset related to the customer relationships 
using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the asset, which is 15 years.  Total amortization expense 
was $423,133 for the year ended August 31, 2022.  Amortization expense is estimated to be $423,000 in each of the next 
five fiscal years. 

73 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
               
               
 
 
  
                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. 

CORPORATE DEBT 

The Company has a revolving line of credit with PNC Bank, National Association (PNC Bank) of $7,000,000 as of August 
31, 2022.  The line of credit has a maturity date of January 7, 2023 and bears interest at an annual rate equal to the daily 
Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield (BSBY) Index plus 250 basis points (2.50%).  The line of credit is governed under an 
Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated August 31, 2021. 

On January 4, 2022, the Company issued an Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit Note, which extended the 
maturity date to January 7, 2023 and revised the rate at which amounts outstanding under the line of credit bear interest to 
equal a per annum rate equal to the daily BSBY Index plus 250 basis points (2.50%).  The other material terms of the line 
of credit were not affected by these amendments or other immaterial amendments that have been executed since the 
execution of the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated August 31, 2021. 

On May 20, 2022, to maintain financial flexibility, the Company issued an Amended and Restated Revolving Line of 
Credit Note to PNC Bank, which increased the Company’s line of credit from $5,000,000 to $7,000,000 until August 16, 
2022, at which time the line of credit was scheduled to go decrease back to $5,000,000 until its expiration date on January 
7, 2023.  Subsequently, to maintain future financial flexibility, on August 8, 2022, NTIC and PNC Bank entered into an 
Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit Note and agreed to keep the line of credit at $7,000,000 until its maturity 
date.  

Borrowings of $5,900,000 were outstanding under the line of credit as of August 31, 2022 and no amounts were 
outstanding as of August 31, 2021.  Such outstanding borrowings were used primarily to fund the Company’s acquisition of 
the remaining ownership interest of Zerust India.  The average interest rate during the twelve months ended August 31, 
2022 was 3.07%. 

The obligations of the Company under the loan agreement are secured by a lien on all of the Company’s personal property, 
excepting certain liens consented to in writing by PNC.  The loan agreement contains covenants, including affirmative 
financial covenants, such as the maintenance of a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.10:1.00, and negative 
covenants, which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional indebtedness, loans and equity investments, 
disposition of assets, mergers and consolidations and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements.  As of August 
31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants. 

As of August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021, the Company did not have any letters of credit outstanding with respect to the 
letter of credit sub-facility available under the revolving line of credit with PNC Bank.  As of August 31, 2022 and August 
31, 2021, the Company had $72,418 and $104,363, respectively, of letters of credit with JP Morgan Chase Bank that are 
performance based and set to expire between 2022 and 2023. 

10. 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

During fiscal 2022, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the following dates in the following amounts to 
holders of record of NTIC common stock as of the following record dates: 

Declaration Date 
October 20, 2021 
January 21, 2022 
April 22, 2022 
July 20, 2022 

Amount 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 
$0.07 

Record Date 
November 3, 2021 
February 2, 2022 
May 4, 2022 
August 3, 2022 

Payable Date 
November 17, 2021 
February 16, 2022 
May 18, 2022 
August 17, 2022 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
On April 23, 2020, NTIC announced the temporary suspension of its quarterly cash dividend pending clarity on the 
financial impact of COVID-19 on NTIC.  On January 15, 2021, NTIC announced the reinstatement of its quarterly cash 
dividend. During fiscal 2021, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the following dates in the following 
amounts to holders of record of NTIC common stock as of the following record dates: 

Declaration Date 
January 15, 2021 
April 23, 2021 
July 21, 2021 

Amount 
$0.065 
$0.065 
$0.065 

Record Date 
February 3, 2021 
May 5, 2021 
August 4, 2021 

Payable Date 
February 17, 2021 
May 19, 2021 
August 18, 2021 

During fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the Company repurchased no shares of its common stock. 

During fiscal 2022, the Company granted stock options under the Northern Technologies International Corporation 2019 
Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the 2019 Plan) to purchase an aggregate of 174,840 shares of its common stock to 
various employees and directors.  The weighted average per share exercise price of the stock options is $16.97.  The 
exercise price of the stock options is equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.  
During fiscal 2022, stock options to purchase an aggregate of 51,218 shares of common stock were exercised at a weighted 
average exercise price of $6.60 per share, resulting in the net issuance of 42,071 shares of common stock since some of the 
options were exercised on a net cashless exercise basis. 

During fiscal 2021, the Company granted stock options under the 2019 Plan to purchase an aggregate of 419,874 shares of 
its common stock to various employees and directors.  The weighted average per share exercise price of the stock options is 
$8.24.  The exercise price of the stock options is equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date 
of grant.  During fiscal 2021, stock options to purchase an aggregate of 77,645 shares of common stock were exercised at a 
weighted average exercise price of $8.18 per share, resulting in the net issuance of 74,950 shares of common stock since 
some of the options were exercised on a net cashless exercise basis. 

The Company issued 2,635 and 4,646 shares of common stock on September 1, 2021 and 2020, respectively, under the 
Northern Technologies International Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP).  The Company issued 2,966 and 
5,225 shares of common stock on March 1, 2022 and 2021, respectively, under the ESPP.  The ESPP is compensatory for 
financial reporting purposes.  As of August 31, 2022, 69,221 shares of common stock remained available for sale under the 
ESPP. 

11. 

NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE   

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common 
shares outstanding.  Diluted net income per share assumes the exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method, if 
dilutive. 

The following is a reconciliation of the net income per share computation for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021: 

Numerator: 
Net income attributable to NTIC 

August 31, 2022 
6,324,700 

$ 

August 31, 2021 
6,281,238 

$ 

Denominator: 
Basic-weighted shares outstanding 
Weighted shares assumed upon exercise of  
  stock options 
Diluted – weighted shares outstanding 

9,216,216 

418,812 
9,635,028 

9,116,472 

757,667 
9,874,139 

Basic net income per share: 
Diluted net income per share: 

$ 
$ 

0.69 
0.66 

$ 
$ 

0.69 
0.64 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The dilutive impact summarized above relates to the periods when the average market price of the Company’s common 
stock exceeded the exercise price of the potentially dilutive option securities granted.  Net income per common share was 
based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods when computing the basic net 
income per share.  When dilutive, stock options are included as equivalents using the treasury stock market method when 
computing the diluted net income per share.  Excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share as of August 
31, 2022 were options outstanding to purchase 600,094 shares of common stock.  Excluded from the computation of diluted 
net income per share as of August 31, 2021 were options outstanding to purchase 136,221 shares of common stock.   

12. 

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

The Company has three stock-based compensation plans under which stock options or other stock-based awards have been 
granted: the Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan, the 
Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2007 Plan) and the 
Northern Technologies International Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.  The 2019 Plan replaced the 2007 Plan 
with respect to future grants; and, therefore, no further awards may be made under the 2007 Plan.  The Compensation 
Committee of the Board of Directors and the Board of Directors administer these plans. 

The 2019 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, 
restricted stock, stock unit awards, performance awards, and stock bonuses to eligible recipients to enable the Company and 
its subsidiaries to attract and retain qualified individuals through opportunities for equity participation in the Company and 
to reward those individuals who contribute to the achievement of the Company’s economic objectives.  On January 15, 
2021, the Company’s stockholders approved certain amendments to the 2019 Plan, including an increase in the number of 
shares of common stock available for issuance under the plan by an additional 800,000 shares. Subject to adjustment as 
provided in the 2019 Plan, up to a maximum of 1,600,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are issuable under the 
2019 Plan.  Options granted generally have a term of ten years and become exercisable over a one- or three- year period 
beginning on the one-year anniversary of the date of grant.  Options are granted at per share exercise prices equal to the 
market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.  The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of 
options.  As of August 31, 2022, options to purchase an aggregate of 867,721 shares of the Company’s common stock were 
outstanding under the 2019 Plan and 704,516 shares of the Company’s common stock remain available for grant under the 
2019 Plan. As of August 31, 2022, options to purchase an aggregate of 649,243 shares of the Company’s common stock 
were outstanding under the 2007 Plan.  

The Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of 174,840 and 419,874 shares of its common stock during fiscal 
2022 and 2021, respectively.  The fair value of option grants is determined at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes 
option pricing model with the assumptions listed below.  The Company recognized compensation expense of $931,532 
during fiscal 2022 and compensation expense of $664,174 during fiscal 2021 related to the options that vested during such 
time period.  As of August 31, 2022, the total compensation cost for non-vested options not yet recognized in the 
Company’s consolidated statements of operations was $1,009,719.  Stock-based compensation expense of $671,526 is 
expected during fiscal 2023 and $338,193 is expected to be recognized during fiscal 2024, based on outstanding options as 
of August 31, 2022.  Future option grants will impact the compensation expense recognized. Stock-based compensation 
expense is included in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of operations. 

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the 
following assumptions and results for the grants: 

Dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Expected life of option 
Weighted average risk-free interest rate 

Fiscal Year 2022 
2.46% 
45.2% 
10 years 
3.30% 

Fiscal Year 2021 
1.65% 
45.4% 
10 years 
0.77% 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock option activity during the periods indicated was as follows:  

Outstanding at August 31, 2020 
  Options granted 
  Options exercised 
  Options terminated 

Outstanding at August 31, 2021 
  Options granted 
  Options exercised 
  Options terminated 

Outstanding at August 31, 2022 

Exercisable at August 31, 2022 

Number of 
Shares (#) 
1,127,968 
419,874 
(77,645) 
(43,546) 

1,426,651 
174,840 
(51,218) 
(5,546) 

1,544,727 

1,156,211 

  Weighted Average 

Exercise Price 

Aggregate 
Intrinsic Value 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

9.63 
8.24 
 8.18 
9.63     

9.30 
16.97 
 6.60 
18.23     

10.23 

  $  4,151,365 

9.58 

  $  3,394,957 

The  weighted  average  per  share  fair  value  of  options  granted  during  fiscal  2022  and  fiscal  2021  was  $16.97  and  $8.24, 
respectively.  The weighted average remaining contractual life of the options outstanding as of August 31, 2022 and 2021 
was 5.76 years and 6.20 years, respectively. 

13. 

SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION 

Segment Information 

The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer.  The Company’s business is organized into 
two reportable segments: ZERUST® and Natur-Tec®.  The Company has been selling its proprietary ZERUST® rust and 
corrosion inhibiting products and services to the automotive, electronics, electrical, mechanical, military, and retail 
consumer markets for almost 50 years and, more recently, has also expanded into the oil and gas industry.  The Company 
also sells a portfolio of proprietary bio-based and compostable (fully biodegradable) polymer resins and finished products 
under the Natur-Tec® brand. 

The following tables present the Company’s business segment information: 

ZERUST® net sales 
Natur-Tec® net sales 
     Total net sales 

$ 

Fiscal 2022 
57,459,382 
16,699,508 

$ 

Fiscal 2021 
45,554,434 
10,939,385 

$ 

74,158,890 

$ 

56,493,819 

The following table sets forth the Company’s cost of goods sold by segment: 

Direct cost of goods sold 
  ZERUST® 
  Natur-Tec® 
Indirect cost of goods sold 
     Total net cost of goods sold 

Fiscal 2022 

Fiscal 2021 

$   34,673,146  $  26,028,555 
7,717,429 
3,174,830 
$   51,090,298  $  36,920,814 

12,859,343 
3,557,809 

The Company utilizes product net sales and direct and indirect cost of goods sold for each product in reviewing the 
financial performance of a product type.  Further allocation of Company expenses or assets, aside from amounts presented 
in the tables above, is not utilized in evaluating product performance, nor does such allocation occur for internal financial 
reporting. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales to the Company’s joint ventures are included in the foregoing geographic and segment information, however, sales by 
the Company’s joint ventures to other parties are not included.  The foregoing geographic and segment information 
represents only sales and cost of goods sold recognized directly by the Company. 

All joint venture operations, including equity in income, fees for services, and related dividends, are related to ZERUST® 
products and services. 

Geographic Information 

Net sales by geographic location for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 were as follows: 

Inside the U.S.A. to unaffiliated customers 
Outside the U.S.A. to: 

Joint ventures in which the Company is a 
shareholder directly and indirectly 

Unaffiliated customers 

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 

2022 
25,301,067 

$ 

2021 

$ 

22,039,456 

2,968,089 
45,889,734 
74,158,890 

$ 

3,023,196 
31,431,167 
56,493,819 

$ 

Net sales by geographic location are based on the location of the customer. 

Fees for services provided to joint ventures by geographic location as a percentage of total fees for services provided to 
joint ventures during fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively, were as follows: 

Germany 
Poland 
Japan 
France 
Sweden  
Thailand 
United Kingdom 
Finland 
Czech Republic  
South Korea 
Indonesia 
India  
Other * 

Fiscal 2022 

$   834,725  
730,523  
669,371  
448,579  
447,441  
344,649  
342,488  
340,783  
300,257  
270,309  
156,476  
- 
882,081  
$   5,767,682  

% of Total 
Fees for 
Services 
Provided to 
Joint 
Ventures 

14.5% 
12.7% 
11.6% 
7.8% 
7.8% 
6.0% 
5.9% 
5.9% 
5.2% 
4.7% 
2.7% 
- 
15.2% 
100.0% 

% of Total 
Fees for 
Services 
Provided to 
Joint 
Ventures 

15.4% 
13.4% 
13.9% 
7.3% 
8.9% 
6.7% 
5.3% 
5.0% 
6.3% 
5.3% 
2.1% 
6.6% 
3.8% 
100.0% 

Fiscal 2021 

$   920,902  
798,570  
826,403  
435,032  
528,755  
399,563  
316,786  
298,663  
377,395  
317,042  
122,513  
392,074  
230,562  
$   5,964,260  

* NTI Asean recovered $681,859 in previously written-off fees for services related to the termination of its joint venture in 
China in fiscal 2015.   
Sales to the Company’s joint ventures are included in the foregoing segment and geographic information; however, sales by 
the Company’s joint ventures to other parties are not included.  The foregoing segment and geographic information 
represents only sales recognized directly by the Company and sold in that geographic territory.   

See Note 7 for additional details on geographical information regarding equity in income from joint ventures. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The geographical distribution of total property and equipment and net sales is as follows: 

China 
Other 
United States  
    Total property and equipment  

$ 

At August 31, 2022 
5,826,898 
565,022 
5,778,573 
12,170,493 

$ 

At August 31, 2021 

$ 

$ 

5,110,071 
453,199 
6,258,188 
11,821,458 

China 
Brazil 
India 
Other  
United States 

Total net sales 

Fiscal Year Ended 
August 31, 2022 

$     15,754,051  
 5,160,572  
 18,555,603  
 9,387,597  
 25,301,067  
$      74,158,890  

Fiscal Year Ended 
August 31, 2021 
       $  17,343,623  
             4,122,781  
             5,482,989  
             7,504,970  
           22,039,456  
       $  56,493,819  

Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment. These assets are periodically reviewed to assure the net realizable 
value from the estimated future production based on forecasted sales exceeds the carrying value of the assets. 

Sales to the Company’s joint ventures are included in the foregoing segment and geographic information; however, sales by 
the Company’s joint ventures to other parties are not included.  The foregoing segment and geographic information 
represents only sales recognized directly by the Company and sold in that geographic territory. 

All joint venture operations, including equity in income, fees for services and related dividends, are primarily related to 
ZERUST® products and services. 

14. 

RETIREMENT PLAN  

The Company has a 401(k) employee savings plan.  Employees who meet certain age and service requirements may elect to 
contribute up to 15% of their salaries.  The Company typically contributes the lesser of 50% of the participant’s 
contributions or 3.5% of the employee’s salary.  The Company recognized expense for the savings plan of $272,257 and 
$237,499 for fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. 

15. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

During both fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the Company made consulting payments of $144,000 to Bioplastic Polymers LLC, 
an entity owned by Ramani Narayan, Ph.D., a director of the Company.   

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. 

INCOME TAXES 

The provision for income taxes for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately as follows: 

Current: 

Federal 
State 
Foreign 

Deferred: 
Federal 
State 
Foreign 

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 
2021 

2022 

$ 

$ 

— 
98,000 
1,894,000 

1,992,000 

— 
— 
(118,164) 
(118,164) 

— 
39,000 
1,307,000 

1,346,000 

— 
— 
115,905 
115,905 

$ 

1,873,836 

$ 

1,461,905 

Reconciliations of the expected federal income tax at the statutory rate of 21.0% with the provisions for income taxes for 
the fiscal years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021 were approximately as follows: 

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 

$ 

Tax computed at statutory rates  
State income tax, net of federal benefit 
Tax effect on equity in income of international joint ventures 
Tax effect of foreign operations 
Deemed repatriation 
Expired foreign tax credit 
Research and development credit 
Valuation allowance 
Stock based compensation 
Non-controlling interest  
Other 

$ 

2022 

1,780,000 
34,000 
(988,000) 
1,004,000 
10,000 
— 
(244,000) 
133,000 
67,000 
(72,000) 
149,836 

$ 

1,873,836 

$ 

2021 

1,794,000 
37,000 
(1,560,000) 
839,000 
— 
897,000 
(277,000) 
(492,000) 
75,000 
(83,000) 
231,905 

1,461,905 

The Company has not provided U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes with respect to its portion of the cumulative 
undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures that are essentially permanent in duration.  As a 
result of the 2017 tax law changes, U.S. federal income taxes on dividends received from the Company’s foreign 
subsidiaries and joint ventures after December 31, 2017 have been generally eliminated.  However, the Company continues 
to be subject to foreign withholding taxes upon repatriation of any undistributed earnings that are not essentially permanent 
in duration.  The Company recorded a tax expense of approximately $8,000 and $113,000 during fiscal 2022 and fiscal 
2021, respectively, representing changes in the deferred tax liability for foreign withholding taxes to be paid with respect to 
the portion of the cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures that the Company determined 
were not essentially permanent in duration. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that will apply in the years in which the 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or paid.  The tax effect of the temporary differences and tax 
carryforwards comprising the net deferred taxes shown on the consolidated balance sheets as of August 31, 2022 and 2021 
was approximately as follows: 

  Accrued compensation 
  Inventory costs 
  Other accrued expenses 
  Lease liability 
  Goodwill and other intangible assets 
  Stock-based compensation 
  Property and equipment 
  Foreign tax credit carryforward 
  Other credit and loss carryforward 
  Other 
     Total deferred tax assets 
  Valuation allowance 
     Total deferred tax assets after valuation allowance 
  Property and equipment 
  Right-of-use asset 
  Intangible assets 
  Unremitted foreign earnings 
  Other 
     Total deferred tax liabilities 
Net deferred tax assets 

August 31, 

2022 

329,100 
93,900 
84,800 
98,300 
398,600 
547,200 
9,100 
4,892,100 
5,455,500 
23,000 
11,931,600 
(11,592,900) 
338,700 
— 
(98,300) 
(1,777,200) 
(163,200) 
— 
(2,038,700) 
(1,700,000) 

$ 

$ 

2021 

539,300 
55,100 
103,100 
84,300 
453,000 
466,300 
— 
4,893,300 
5,243,100 
— 
11,837,500 
(11,447,500) 
390,000 
(7,300) 
(84,300) 
— 
(154,900) 
(50,900) 
(297,400) 
92,600 

$ 

$ 

As of August 31, 2022, the Company has foreign tax credit carryforwards of $4,892,100.  This amount will begin to expire 
if not utilized prior to August 31, 2023.  In addition, the Company had federal and state tax credit carryforwards of 
$3,796,500 as of August 31, 2022, which will begin to expire in fiscal 2023.  These federal and state tax credit 
carryforwards consist primarily of federal and Minnesota research and development credit carryforwards. The Company 
also has a deferred tax asset of $1,170,100 for federal net operating loss carryforwards and $329,800 for state net operating 
loss carryforwards as of August 31, 2022.  The federal net operating loss carryforward has an indefinite carryforward 
period.  The state net operating loss carryforward will begin to expire to the extent it is not utilized prior to August 31, 
2023.  The Company has a deferred tax asset of $159,000 for foreign net operating loss carryforwards, which has an 
indefinite carryforward period. 

The Company records a tax valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized when it 
is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized.  

The Company determined based on all available evidence, including historical data and projections of future results, that it 
is more likely than not that its domestic deferred tax assets will not be realized due to the absence of objectively verifiable 
sources of taxable income.  On the basis of this evaluation, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of 
$11,592,900 and $11,447,500 as of August 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, to recognize only the portion of the deferred 
tax assets that is more likely than not to be realized. The net deferred tax asset as of August 31, 2022 and 2021 relates 
entirely to non-US deferred tax assets which are expected to be realized by offset of deferred tax liability for withholding 
tax on cumulative undistributed earnings in foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures that the Company determined were not 
essentially permanent.  The change in the valuation allowance totaled an increase of $145,400 and a decrease of $114,000 
for the years ended August 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of approximated unrecognized tax benefits: 

Gross unrecognized tax benefits – beginning balance 
Gross increases – prior period tax positions 
Gross increases – current period tax positions 
Gross unrecognized tax benefits – ending balance 

Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 

2022 
297,600 
3,400  
18,000 
319,000 

$ 

$ 

2021 
278,200 
4,400  
15,000 
297,600 

$ 

$ 

The entire amount of unrecognized tax benefits would affect the effective tax rate if recognized.  It is not expected that the 
amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change significantly in the next 12 months. 

The Company recognizes interest related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as income tax expense.  Accrued 
interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheet.  There was no 
liability for the payment of interest and penalties as of both August 31, 2022 and August 31, 2021. 

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law in the United States. Among other 
provisions, the IRA includes a 15% corporate minimum tax rate applied to certain large corporations and a 1% excise tax 
on corporate stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. We do not expect the IRA to have a material impact on our 
consolidated financial statements. 

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and various states and foreign jurisdictions.  With few exceptions, 
as of August 31, 2022, the Company is no longer subject to federal, state, local, or foreign examinations by tax authorities 
for years prior to August 31, 2019. 

17. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES  

Operating Leases 

The Company currently has operating leases for various buildings, equipment and vehicles.  These leases are under non-
cancelable operating lease agreements with expiration dates between September 30, 2022 and July 31, 2024.  The Company 
has the option to extend certain leases to five or ten-year term(s) and has the right of first refusal on any sale. 

The Company records lease liabilities within current liabilities or long-term liabilities based upon the length of time 
associated with the lease payments.  The Company records its long-term operating leases as right-of-use assets.  Upon 
initial adoption, using the modified retrospective transition approach, no leases with terms less than 12 months have been 
capitalized to the consolidated balance sheet consistent with ASC 842. Instead, these leases are recognized in the 
consolidated statement of operations on a straight-line expense throughout the lives of the leases.  None of the Company’s 
leases contain common area maintenance or security agreements. 

The Company has made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842, the most significant of which is that 
the Company elected the package of practical expedients available for transition that allow the Company to not reassess 
whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or 
existing leases and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842.  
Additionally, the Company did not elect to use hindsight when considering judgments and estimates such as assessments of 
lessee options to extend or terminate a lease or purchase the underlying asset.  The Company has no contingent rent 
agreements. 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
Present Value of Leases 

Right-of-use assets, net 

Current portion of lease liability 
Lease liability, less current portion 

Total lease liability 

  August 31, 

2022 

  $ 

557,571   

373,330   
184,241   
557,571   

  $ 

August 31, 
2021 

$ 

376,438 

272,336 
104,102 
376,438 

$ 

As of August 31, 2022, the weighted-average remaining lease term was 1.57 years.  The Company’s lease agreements do 
not provide a readily determinable implicit rate nor is it available to the Company from its lessors.  Instead, as of August 
31, 2022, the Company estimates the weighted-average discount rate for its operating leases to be 5.45% to present value 
based on the incremental borrowing rate.   

Future minimum payments as of August 31, 2022 under these long-term operating leases are as follows (in thousands): 

Fiscal 2023 
Fiscal 2024 

Total future minimum lease payments 

Less amount representing interest 

Present value of obligations under operating leases 

Less current portion 

Long-term operating lease obligations 

   $    373,330  
 209,802  
 583,132  
 (25,561) 
 557,571  
 (373,330) 
$    184,241  

Rent expense under these leases was approximately $272,336 and $386,345 as of August 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  

Annual Bonus Plan 

On August 26, 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the material terms 
of an annual bonus plan for the Company’s executive officers as well as certain officers and employees for the fiscal year 
ending August 31, 2023. For fiscal 2023, as in past years, the total amount available under the bonus plan for all plan 
participants, including executive officers, is dependent upon the Company’s earnings before interest, taxes, and other 
income (EBITOI), as adjusted to take into account amounts to be paid under the bonus plan and certain other adjustments 
(Adjusted EBITOI). Each plan participant’s percentage of the overall bonus pool is based upon the number of plan 
participants, the individual’s annual base salary, and the individual’s position and level of responsibility within the 
Company. In the case of each of the Company’s executive officer participants, 75% of the amount of their individual bonus 
payout will be determined based upon the Company’s actual EBITOI for fiscal 2023 compared to a pre-established target 
EBITOI for fiscal 2023, and 25% of the payout will be determined based upon such executive officer’s achievement of 
certain pre-established individual performance objectives. The payment of bonuses under the plan is discretionary, and 
bonuses may be paid to executive officer participants in both cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, the exact 
amount and percentages of which are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors, upon recommendation of the 
Compensation Committee, after the completion of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2023. 

On August 26, 2021, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the material terms 
of an annual bonus plan for the Company’s executive officers as well as certain officers and employees for the fiscal year 
ending August 31, 2022. $1,733,336 was recognized for bonuses for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022, $533,336 of the 
bonus is comprised of stock options granted to management on September 1, 2021 that will be expensed over three years 
and $1,200,000 will be paid out in cash and profit sharing subsequent to year end. This is compared to $2,366,668 
recognized for bonuses for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, $266,667 of the bonus comprised of stock options 
granted to management on September 1, 2020 and $2,100,000 was paid out in cash and profit sharing subsequent to year 
end.  

83 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Concentrations  

Two joint ventures (consisting of the Company’s joint ventures in South Korea and Thailand) accounted for 46.6% of the 
Company’s trade joint venture receivables as of August 31, 2022, and two joint ventures (consisting of the Company’s joint 
ventures in the Thailand and Indonesia) accounted for 37.4% of the Company’s trade joint venture receivables as of August 
31, 2021.   

Legal Matters  

From time to time, the Company is subject to various other claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of its business. 
The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for costs related to claims, including future legal 
costs, settlements and judgments, where the Company has assessed that a loss is probable and an amount could be 
reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a probable loss is a range, the Company records the most probable 
estimate of the loss or the minimum amount when no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. 
The Company discloses a contingent liability even if the liability is not probable or the amount is not estimable, or both, if 
there is a reasonable possibility that material loss may have been incurred. In the opinion of management, as of August 31, 
2022, the amount of liability, if any, with respect to these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will not materially affect 
the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. 

18. 

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information consist of: 

Cash paid for income tax 
Cash paid for interest 

19. 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 

Fiscal Year Ended 
August 31, 

2022 
$1,218,467 
89,096 

2021 

$  895,646 
16,086 

The Company follows the authoritative guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures with respect to assets and 
liabilities that are measured at fair value on both a recurring and non-recurring basis.  Under this guidance, fair value is 
defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants as of the measurement date.  The authoritative guidance also establishes a hierarchy 
for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable 
inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available.  Observable inputs are inputs market 
participants would use in valuing the asset or liability, developed based on market data obtained from sources independent 
of the Company.  Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market 
participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the 
circumstances.  The categorization of financial assets and financial liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon 
the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  

The hierarchy is broken down into three levels defined as follows: 

Level 1 - Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 
Level 2 - Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or 

similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are 
observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. 

Level 3 - Inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability. 

See the section below titled Valuation Techniques for further discussion of how the Company determines fair value for 
investments. 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets and Liabilities That Are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis 

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis primarily relate to marketable equity securities.  
These items are marked-to-market at each reporting period, and the Company estimates that market value approximates 
costs. 

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring 
basis: 

Fair value as of 
August 31, 2022 
5,590 

Fair value as of 
August 31, 2021 
4,634 

Fair Value Measurements  
Using Inputs Considered as 

Level 1 

$ 

5,590 

Level 2 
$  — 

Level 3 
$  — 

Fair Value Measurements  
Using Inputs Considered as 

Level 1 

$ 

4,634 

Level 2 
$  — 

Level 3 
$  — 

Available for sale securities 

$ 

Available for sale securities 

$ 

Valuation Techniques 

Financial assets that are classified as Level 1 securities include cash equivalents and available for sale securities.  These are 
valued using quoted market prices in an active market. 

The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy classification on a quarterly basis.  Changes in the ability to observe 
valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels for certain securities within the fair value hierarchy.  The 
Company’s policy is to recognize transfers into and out of levels within the fair value hierarchy at the end of the fiscal 
quarter in which the actual event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer occurs.  There were no transfers 
between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 during the fiscal years ended August 31, 2022 or August 31, 2021.  When a 
determination is made to classify an asset or liability within Level 3, the determination is based upon the significance of the 
unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement. 

20. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

On October 20, 2022, NTIC’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per share of NTIC’s common stock, 
payable on November 16, 2022 to stockholders of record on November 3, 2022. Although NTIC’s Board of Directors 
intends to declare regular quarterly cash dividends going forward, the payment of any future dividends will be determined 
by NTIC’s Board of Directors in light of conditions then existing, including NTIC’s earnings, financial condition, cash 
requirements, restrictions in financing agreements, business conditions, and other factors, including without limitation the 
effect of COVID-19 on its business, operating results, and financial condition.  

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None 

Item 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

NTIC maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be 
disclosed by NTIC in the reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, 
processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules 
and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to NTIC’s management, including NTIC’s principal 
executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure.  NTIC’s management evaluated, with the participation of its Chief Executive 
Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of NTIC’s disclosure controls and 
procedures as of the end of the period covered in this report.  Based on that evaluation, NTIC’s Chief Executive Officer and 
Chief Financial Officer concluded that NTIC’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of such 
period to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that NTIC files or submits 
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s 
rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to NTIC’s management, including NTIC’s 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required 
disclosure. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

NTIC’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as 
such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for Northern Technologies International Corporation 
and its subsidiaries.  This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting 
principles. 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of 
financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of 
the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and 
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition 
of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements, and 
even when determined to be effective, can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation 
and presentation.  In addition, projection of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to 
future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the 
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Management, with the participation of NTIC’s President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, 
evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2022. In making this 
evaluation, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013).  Based on this assessment, management concluded that the 
Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of August 31, 2022. 

This report does not include an attestation report of NTIC’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding 
internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by NTIC’s independent 

86 

 
registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit NTIC to 
provide only management’s report in this report. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

There was no change in NTIC’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended August 31, 
2022 that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect NTIC’s internal control over financial 
reporting. 

Item 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION 

On May 20, 2022, NTIC and PNC Bank, National Association increased NTIC’s line of credit from $5,000,000 to 
$7,000,000. This increase in the line of credit was subsequently scheduled to terminate on August 16, 2022. To maintain 
future financial flexibility, on August 8, 2022, NTIC and PNC Bank entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Line 
of Credit Note and agreed to keep the line of credit at $7,000,000 until its maturity date, January 7, 2023. Except as 
described above, the other materials of the Line of Credit, Loan Agreement and Security Agreement with PNC Bank and 
other related documents were not affected by the foregoing described amendment. 

The foregoing description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the amendment to the Amended and Restated 
Revolving Line of Credit Note, which is filed as Exhibit 10.22 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated by 
reference herein. 

Item 9C.  DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS 

Not applicable. 

87 

 
 
Item 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

PART III 

Directors 

The information in the “Proposal One – Election of Directors” section of NTIC’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with 
the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to NTIC’s next annual meeting of stockholders, which involves the 
election of directors, is incorporated in this annual report on Form 10-K by reference. 

Executive Officers 

Information concerning NTIC’s executive officers and officers is included in this annual report on Form 10-K under Part I 
under the heading “Executive Officers of the Registrant.” 

Code of Ethics 

NTIC has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal 
accounting officer, or controller or persons performing similar functions, as well as other employees and NTIC’s directors 
and meets the requirements of the SEC and the Nasdaq Global Market.  A copy of NTIC’s Code of Ethics is filed as an 
exhibit to this report.  NTIC intends to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendments 
to or waivers from any provision of its code of ethics by posting such information on its corporate website at 
www.ntic.com. 

Changes to Nomination Procedures 

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, there were no material changes to the procedures by which stockholders may 
recommend nominees to NTIC’s Board of Directors, as described in NTIC’s most recent proxy statement.  As disclosed in 
a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by NTIC with the SEC on November 14, 2022, however, NTIC amended its bylaws to 
revise the advance notice provisions to enhance the procedural mechanics and disclosure requirements relating to business 
proposals submitted and director nominations made by stockholders for consideration at annual meetings of the 
stockholders of the Company, including referring specifically to the new universal proxy rule and requiring additional 
information regarding director nominees. 

Audit Committee Matters 

The information in the “Corporate Governance—Audit Committee” section of NTIC’s definitive proxy statement to be 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to NTIC’s next annual meeting of stockholders, which 
involves the election of directors, is incorporated in this annual report on Form 10-K by reference. 

Item 11. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The information in the “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” sections of NTIC’s definitive proxy 
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to NTIC’s next annual meeting of 
stockholders, which involves the election of directors, is incorporated in this annual report on Form 10-K by reference. 

Item 12. 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

Stock Ownership 

The information in the “Stock Ownership—Beneficial Ownership of Significant Stockholders and Management” section of 
NTIC’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to NTIC’s next 
annual meeting of stockholders, which involves the election of directors, is incorporated in this annual report on Form 10-K 
by reference. 

88 

 
 
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans 

The following table summarizes outstanding options and other awards under NTIC’s equity compensation plans as of 
August 31, 2022.  NTIC’s equity compensation plans as of August 31, 2022 were the Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan, the Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, and the Northern Technologies International Corporation Employee 
Stock Purchase Plan.  Except for automatic annual grants of $50,000 in options to purchase shares of NTIC common stock 
to NTIC’s directors in consideration for their services as directors of NTIC and an automatic annual grant of $10,000 in 
options to purchase shares of NTIC common stock to NTIC’s Chairman of the Board in consideration for his services as 
Chairman, in each case on the first day of each fiscal year, and automatic initial pro rata grants of $50,000 in options to 
purchase shares of NTIC common stock to NTIC’s new directors in consideration for their services as directors of NTIC on 
the first date of their appointment as directors, options and other awards granted in the future under the Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan are within the discretion of the 
Board of Directors and the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and, therefore, cannot be ascertained at this 
time.  No future grants of options or other stock awards will be made under the Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. 

(a) 

(b) 

Number of Securities to 
be Issued Upon Exercise 
of Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights 

Weighted-Average 
Exercise Price of 
Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights 

(c) 
Number of Securities 
Remaining Available for 
Future Issuance Under 
Equity Compensation Plans 
(excluding securities 
reflected in column (a)) 

1,544,727(1)(2) 

— 
1,544,727(1)(2) 

$10.23 

— 
$10.23 

773,734(3) 

— 

773,734(3) 

Plan Category 

Equity compensation plans   
approved by security holders 

Equity compensation plans not 
approved by security holders 

Total 

______________________ 

(1)  Amount includes 649,243 shares of NTIC common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as of 
August 31, 2022 under the Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock 
Incentive Plan and 895,484 shares of NTIC common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as 
of August 31, 2022 under the Northern Technologies International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock 
Incentive Plan. 

(2)  Excludes employee stock purchase rights accruing under the Northern Technologies International Corporation 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan.  Under such plan, each eligible employee may purchase up to 2,000 shares of NTIC 
common stock at semi-annual intervals on February 28th or 29th (as the case may be) and August 31st each year at a 
purchase price per share equal to 90% of the lower of (i) the closing sales price per share of NTIC common stock on 
the first day of the offering period or (ii) the closing sales price per share of NTIC common stock on the last day of the 
offering period. 

(3)  Amount includes 704,514 shares available as of August 31, 2022 for future issuance under Northern Technologies 

International Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan and 69,220 shares available at August 31, 
2022 for future issuance under the Northern Technologies International Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.   

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE 

The information in the “Related Person Relationships and Transactions” and “Corporate Governance—Director 
Independence” sections of NTIC’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
with respect to NTIC’s next annual meeting of stockholders, which involves the election of directors, is incorporated in this 
annual report on Form 10-K by reference. 

Item 14. 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 

The information in the “Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm—
Audit, Audit-Related, Tax and Other Fees” and “Proposal Three—Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered 
Public Accounting Firm—Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures” sections of NTIC’s definitive proxy 
statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to NTIC’s next annual meeting of 
stockholders, which involves the election of directors, is incorporated in this annual report on Form 10-K by reference. 

90 

PART IV 

Item 15.  EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

Financial Statements 

NTIC’s consolidated financial statements are included in Item 8 of Part III of this report. 

Financial Statement Schedules 

All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are inapplicable since NTIC is a smaller reporting company. 

Exhibits 

The exhibits being filed or furnished with this report are listed below.  Each management contract or compensatory plan or 
arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this report is asterisked below. 

A copy of any exhibits listed or referred to herein will be furnished at a reasonable cost to any person who is a stockholder 
upon receipt from any such person of a written request for any such exhibit.  Such request should be sent to:  Mr. Matthew 
Wolsfeld, Corporate Secretary, Northern Technologies International Corporation, 4201 Woodland Road, P.O. Box 69, 
Circle Pines, Minnesota 55014 Attn:  Stockholder Information.   

Item No. 
3.1 

Item 
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Northern 
Technologies International Corporation 

3.2 

3.3 

Certificate of Amendment to the Restated 
Certificate of Incorporation of Northern 
Technologies International Corporation dated 
January 16, 2018 

Certificate of Validation of the Certificate of 
Amendment to Restated Certificate of 
Incorporation of Northern Technologies 
International Corporation dated January 18, 2019 

3.4 

Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Northern 
Technologies International Corporation 

4.1 

Specimen Stock Certificate Representing Common 
Stock of Northern Technologies International 
Corporation 

Method of Filing 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
NTIC’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the fiscal quarter ended February 28, 2009 
(File No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 16, 2018 (File No. 
001-11038)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 25, 2019 (File No. 
001-11038)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on November 14, 2022 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to 
NTIC’s Registration Statement on Form 10 
(File No. 001-19331) (Filed on paper - 
hyperlink is not required pursuant to Rule 
105 of Regulation S-T) 

91 

Item No. 
4.2 

Item 
Description of Common Stock of Northern 
Technologies International Corporation 

10.1 

Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan* 

10.2 

Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for 
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2019 Stock Incentive Plan* 

10.3 

Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement 
for Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Amended and Restated 2019 Stock 
Incentive Plan* 

10.4 

Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan* 

10.5 

10.6 

10.7 

Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement for 
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Amended and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan* 

Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement 
for Northern Technologies International 
Corporation Amended and Restated 2007 Stock 
Incentive Plan* 

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Northern 
Technologies International Corporation Amended 
and Restated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan* 

10.8 

Northern Technologies International Corporation 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan*  

Method of Filing 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to 
NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2020 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 15, 2021 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 25, 2019 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 25, 2019 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 24, 2011 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 24, 2011 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 24, 2011 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 24, 2011 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 
to NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB 
for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006 
(File No. 001-11038) 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item No. 
10.9 

Item 
Material Terms of Northern Technologies 
International Corporation Annual Bonus Plan* 

10.10 

Form of Indemnification Agreement between 
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
and its Directors and Officers* 

10.11 

Agreement dated as of May 25, 2009 between 
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
and Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D.*  

10.12 

Description of Non-Employee Director 
Compensation Arrangements* 

10.13 

10.14 

10.15 

10.16 

10.17 

10.18 

Executive Employment Agreement dated as of 
November 18, 2011 between Northern 
Technologies International Corporation and G. 
Patrick Lynch* 

Confidential Information, Inventions Assignment, 
Noncompetition and Non-Solicitation Agreement 
dated as of November 18, 2011 between Northern 
Technologies International Corporation and G. 
Patrick Lynch* 

Executive Employment Agreement dated as of 
November 18, 2011 between Northern 
Technologies International Corporation and 
Matthew C. Wolsfeld* 

Confidential Information, Inventions Assignment, 
Noncompetition and Non-Solicitation Agreement 
dated as of November 18, 2011 between Northern 
Technologies International Corporation and 
Matthew C. Wolsfeld* 

Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as 
of August 31, 2021 by and between Northern 
Technologies International Corporation and PNC 
Bank, National Association  

Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit 
Note dated as of August 31, 2021 issued by 
Northern Technologies International Corporation to 
PNC Bank, National Association  

93 

Method of Filing 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to 
NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2015 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on October 23, 2019 (File No. 
001-11038)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2009 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to 
NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 
to NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 
to NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 
to NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 
to NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on September 22, 2021  
(File No. 001-11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on September 22, 2021  
(File No. 001-11038) 

10.20 

10.21 

10.22 

10.23 

10.24 

10.25 

10.26 

Item No. 
10.19 

Item 
Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit 
Note dated as of January 4, 2022 issued by 
Northern Technologies International Corporation to 
PNC Bank, National Association 

Method of Filing 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on January 7, 2022 (File No. 
001-11038) 

Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit 
Note dated as of March 1, 2022 issued by Northern 
Technologies International Corporation to PNC 
Bank, National Association 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the fiscal quarter ended February 28, 2022 
(File No. 001-11038) 

Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit 
Note dated as of May 20, 2022 issued by Northern 
Technologies International Corporation to PNC 
Bank, National Association 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2022 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

Amended and Restated Revolving Line of Credit 
Note dated as of August 8, 2022 issued by 
Northern Technologies International Corporation to 
PNC Bank, National Association 

Filed herewith 

Consulting Agreement dated January 11, 2017 by 
and among Northern Technologies International 
Corporation, BioPlastic Polymers LLC, and 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2016 
(File No. 001-11038) 

Amendment to Consulting Agreement effective 
January 11, 2022 by and among Northern 
Technologies International Corporation, BioPlastic 
Polymers LLC, and Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 

Real Estate Purchase and Sales Contract dated July 
7, 2021 between NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. And 
Shanghai FASTO Investment Group Limited 
Company (Official Chinese Version) 

Unofficial English Summary of Real Estate 
Purchase and Sales Contract dated July 7, 2021 
between NTIC (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai 
FASTO Investment Group Limited Company 

14.1 

Code of Ethics 

Filed herewith 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on July 8, 2021 (File No. 001-
11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to 
NTIC’s Current Report on Form 8-K as 
filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on July 8, 2021 (File No. 001-
11038) 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to 
NTIC’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for 
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2004 (File 
No. 001-11038) 

21.1 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant 

23.1 

Consent of Baker Tilly US, LLP 

31.1 

Certification of President and Chief Executive 
Officer Pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a), as 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Method of Filing 

Filed herewith 

Furnished herewith 

Furnished herewith 

Filed herewith 

Item No. 

Item 
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

101 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 
SEC Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to 
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Certification of President and Chief Executive 
Officer Pursuant to Rule 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, 
as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 
Rule 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant 
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

The following materials from Northern 
Technologies International Corporation’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
August 31, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL 
(Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated 
Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the 
Consolidated Statements of Equity, (v) the 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and 
(vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

104 

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as 
Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 

__________________________ 
*  

A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

Contained in Exhibit 101 

Item 16.   FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

None. 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL 
CORPORATION 

November 15, 2022 

By:  /s/ G. Patrick Lynch  
G. Patrick Lynch
President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Name 

Title 

Date 

/s/ G. Patrick Lynch 
G. Patrick Lynch

President and Chief Executive Officer and 
Director  
(principal executive officer) 

November 15, 2022 

/s/ Matthew C. Wolsfeld, CPA 
Matthew C. Wolsfeld, CPA 

Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary 
(principal financial and accounting officer) 

November 15, 2022 

/s/ Richard J. Nigon 
Richard J. Nigon 

/s/ Nancy E. Calderon 
Nancy E. Calderon 

/s/ Sarah E. Kemp 
Sarah E. Kemp 

/s/ Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 
Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D. 

/s/ Ramani Narayan, Ph. D. 
Ramani Narayan, Ph.D. 

/s/ Konstantin von Falkenhausen 
Konstantin von Falkenhausen 

Chairman of the Board 

November 15, 2022 

November 15, 2022 

November 15, 2022 

November 15, 2022 

November 15, 2022 

November 15, 2022 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

96 

Board of Directors
Mr. Richard J. Nigon
Chairman of the Board, NTIC
Senior Vice President, Cedar Point Capital, Inc. 

Mr. G. Patrick Lynch
President & CEO, NTIC

Dr. Ramani Narayan
Distinguished Professor in the Department of 
Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Michigan 
State University

Dr. Sunggyu Lee
Chief Technologist, Chemtech Innovators LLC

Mr. Konstantin von Falkenhausen 
Partner, B Capital Partners AG

Ms. Sarah E. Kemp
Vice President, International Government Affairs, Intel 
Corporation

Ms. Nancy E. Calderon
Former Global Lead Partner, KPMG LLP

NTIC Executive Officers 
Mr. G. Patrick Lynch
President & CEO

Mr. Matthew C. Wolsfeld
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Corporate Secretary

Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm
Baker Tilly US, LLP
Minneapolis, MN

Transfer Agent and Registrar
For a response to questions regarding misplaced 
stock certificates, changes of address or the 
consolidation of accounts, please contact NTIC’s 
transfer agent:

Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc.
51 Mercedes Way
Edgewood, NY 11717
(855) 588-5049
shareholder@broadridge.com

Investor Relations
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
welcomes inquiries from its stockholders and other 
interested investors. For further information on 
NTIC’S activities or additional copies of this report, 
please contact:

Investor Relations
Northern Technologies International Corporation 
4201 Woodland Road, P.O. Box 69
Circle Pines, MN 55014
(763) 225-6600
investors@ntic.com
www.ntic.com

Stock Listing
NTIC’s common stock is traded on the 
Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol NTIC.

Annual Meeting
The annual meeting of stockholders will be held at 
11:00 am (local time) on Friday, January 20, 2023 at 
NTIC’s corporate headquarters:

Northern Technologies International Corporation
4201 Woodland Road  
Circle Pines, MN 55014
(763) 225-6600