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Novonix Limited
Annual Report 2023

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FY2023 Annual Report · Novonix Limited
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NOVONIX Limited  

ABN 54 157 690 830 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Table of Contents 

Corporate Directory ................................................................................................................................ 3 

Review of Operations and Activities ....................................................................................................... 4 

Material Business Risks ......................................................................................................................... 15 

Directors’ Report ................................................................................................................................... 18 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration .................................................................................................... 56 

Corporate Governance Statement ........................................................................................................ 57 

Financial Reports – 31 December 2023 ................................................................................................ 58 

Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income ................................... 59 

Consolidated balance sheet .............................................................................................................. 60 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity .................................................................................. 62 

Consolidated statement of cash flows .............................................................................................. 63 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 ................ 64 

Directors’ Declaration ......................................................................................................................... 128 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members ................................................................................. 129 

Shareholder Information .................................................................................................................... 136 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Directory 

Directors 

ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Admiral R J Natter, US Navy (Ret.) 
A Bellas B. Econ, DipEd, MBA, FAICD, FCPA, FGS 
R Edmonds CPA, BBA (Acct) 
Andrew N. Liveris AO, BE (Hons) Doctor of Science  
(honoris causa) 
J Oelwang BS (Hons)  
S Vaidyanathan MTech (chemical engineering), MBA 

Secretary 

S M Yeates CA, B.Bus 

Registered office in Australia 

Principal place of business 

Share register 

Auditor 

Solicitors 

Bankers 

Stock exchange listing 

McCullough Robertson 
Level 11, Central Plaza Two 
66 Eagle Street 
Brisbane QLD 4000 

Level 38, 71 Eagle Street 
Brisbane QLD 4000 

Link Market Services Limited 
Level 21, 10 Eagle Street 
Brisbane QLD 4000 
www.linkmarketservices.com.au 

PricewaterhouseCoopers 
480 Queen Street 
Brisbane QLD 4000 
www.pwc.com.au 

Allens Linklaters 
Level 26 
480 Queen Street 
Brisbane QLD 4000 

J.P. Morgan Chase 

NOVONIX Limited ordinary shares are listed on the 
Australian Securities Exchange (“ASX”) and American 
Depositary Receipts (“ADR’s”) are listed on the 
Nasdaq Stock Market. 

Website address 

www.novonixgroup.com 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Review of Operations and Activities  

NOVONIX Limited (“NOVONIX” or the “Company”) and, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, 
(the  “Group”),  changed  the  Company’s  fiscal  year  end  to  31  December  (previously  30  June)  as 
announced on 21 December 2022. As a consequence, the financial results released in this report are 
for  a  new  12-month  period  ended  31  December  2023  and  have  also  shown  the  six-month  period 
ended 31 December 2022.   

NOVONIX is a leading battery materials and technology company aiming to revolutionise the global 
lithium-ion  battery  industry  with  innovative,  sustainable  technologies,  high-performance  materials, 
and  more  efficient  production  methods.  The  Company  manufactures  industry-leading  battery  cell 
testing equipment, is growing its high-performance synthetic graphite anode material manufacturing 
operations, and has developed an all-dry, zero-waste cathode synthesis process. Through advanced 
R&D  capabilities,  proprietary  technology,  strategic  partnerships,  and  as  a  leading  North  American 
supplier of battery-grade synthetic graphite, NOVONIX has gained a prominent position in the electric 
vehicle (“EV”) and energy storage systems (“ESS”) battery industry and is working to power a cleaner 
energy future.    

Our  mission  is  underpinned  by  an  increasing  emphasis  on  environmentally  conscious  battery 
technologies and is key to a sustainable future with prolific adoption of electric vehicles and grid energy 
storage systems. We are focused on the development of materials, processes, and technologies that 
support key sustainability criteria in the field of battery materials and technologies, including longer 
life  batteries,  higher-energy  efficiency,  manufacturing  processes,  reduced  chemical  usage,  reduced 
waste generation, and the use of cleaner power inputs. Our vision is to accelerate adoption of battery 
technologies for a cleaner energy future. This is demonstrated by our values, which include integrity, 
respect, and collaboration that support social impact and embody NOVONIX’s approach to corporate 
responsibility.  

NOVONIX  is  well-positioned  to  be  an  industry  leader  at  the  forefront  of  product  innovation  and 
intellectual property development in the battery materials and technology industry with a focus on 
supporting the onshoring of the battery supply chain. The Company has built a team of top talent with 
the experience to drive innovation company wide and believes it has the next-generation technology 
needed to support the rapidly growing EV and ESS markets in North America. NOVONIX is focused on 
scaling its production capacity of synthetic graphite to meet the growing demands of its customers, 
through  increasing  production  capabilities  at  its  facility  in  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  and  future 
expansions.  Additionally,  NOVONIX  continues  to  focus  on  developing  improved  and  sustainable 
technologies,  pursuing  strategic  partnerships  with  leading  international  battery  companies  and 
growing  an  intellectual  property  pipeline  that  will  position  the  Company  at  the  forefront  of  next-
generation battery technology. 

Throughout fiscal year 2023, NOVONIX continued to focus on the execution of its business strategy 
and growth initiatives. NOVONIX had net assets of $183.9 million including $78.7 million in cash and 
cash equivalents at December 31, 2023. The Company reported a statutory after-tax loss for the year 
ended  December  31,  2023,  of  $46.2  million.  These  financial  results  are  in  line  with  management 
expectations. 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Highlights of Twelve-Month Period Ended 31 December 2023 

The  twelve  months  ended  31  December  2023,  saw  continued  progress  for  NOVONIX  with  several 
notable highlights along four main pillars of efforts. The Company continued to execute against its 
long-term strategic and operational roadmap, to maintain industry leading research and development 
efforts for battery materials, scale our operations to deliver commercial production, secure tier-one 
customers, and secure financing to scale operations to create value for shareholders. Key highlights 
and developments include: 

Maintain Industry Leading R&D Efforts for Battery Materials 

▪ 

▪ 

launched  10  tpa  (tonnes  per  annum)  pilot  line  for  all-dry,  zero-waste  cathode  synthesis 
process with Hatch study showcasing capital and process cost reductions 
signed agreement with SandBoxAQ for battery technology insights driven by AI and advanced 
data analytics 

Scale Operations to Deliver Commercial Production  

▪  met target high-performance product specifications with first-in-the-world continuous closed 

loop induction furnaces  

▪  Generation 3 Furnaces met engineering specs on throughput, energy usage, and emissions 

Secure Tier 1 Customers  

▪ 
▪ 

signed LG Energy Solution (“LGES”) to JDA (“joint research and development agreement”) 
continued providing material samples to major tier 1 customers  

Secure Financing to Scale Operations  

issued US$30M in convertible notes to LGES  

▪ 
▪  awarded US$100M grant for Riverside facility from Department of Energy (“DOE”) office of 

Manufacturing and Energy Supply Chains (“MESC”) 

The Company incurred net losses of $46.2 million, $27.9 million, $51.9 million and $13.4 million for 
the twelve months ended 31 December 2023, six months ended 31 December 2022, and years ended 
30 June 2022 and 2021, respectively, and net operating cash outflows of $36.2 million, $18.9 million, 
$29.2  million  and  $6.1  million  the  twelve  months  ended  31  December  2023,  six  months  ended  31 
December 2022, and years ended 30 June 2022 and 2021, respectively. At 31 December 2023 and 
2022, we had a cash balance of $78.7 million and $99.0 million, respectively, and net current assets of 
$86.9 million and $116.1 million, respectively.  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Our Growth Strategies 

NOVONIX’s leadership is focused on the successful execution of its operational strategic roadmap with 
the objective of maximising long-term shareholder value through the generation of strong cash flow 
and the pursuit of profitable, high-growth opportunities. The Company’s key strategies include: 

▪  Maintain technology leadership throughout the EV battery and energy storage supply chain 
o  NOVONIX is committed to continuing to leverage its competitive advantage to expand 
its offerings and technological knowledge into other advanced offerings with a focus 
on localisation of key elements of the supply chain. 

▪  Execute on development of synthetic graphite production capacity with plan to expand to 

at least 150,000 tpa based on customer demand  

o  The  Company  plans  to  match  current  and  future  customer  demand  for  anode 
materials as the battery industry scales. The Company is on track to reaching annual 
production capacity of 3,000 tpa of synthetic graphite in 2024, with further plans to 
expand annual production capacity to 50,000 tpa in Phase 2 expansion and to at least 
150,000 tpa in its Phase 3 expansion. 

▪  Commercialise our proprietary pipeline of advanced battery technologies 

o  We  are  currently  expanding  opportunities  to  collaborate  with  partners  globally  to 
commercialise  our  proprietary  and  patent  pending  cathode  synthesis  process 
technology.  Our  broader  battery  technology  pipeline  contains  several  innovative 
materials and processes in advanced anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes, as well as 
advanced capabilities and solutions for energy storage applications that we continue 
to develop and believe will be critical to the growth of the clean energy economy.  

▪ 

Invest in talent 

o  NOVONIX  continues  to  invest  in  its  personnel  through  recruitment,  training,  and 
development to ensure it attracts and retains the best talent in the industry, which is 
critical to the growth of our business. 

Operational Structure at a Glance 

NOVONIX’s synergistic operating structure, as depicted below, is integral to the company’s current 
business development and future strategy.  

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

NOVONIX continues to invest in intellectual property for key materials technologies, including anode 
and  cathode  materials,  that  we  believe  will  enhance  the  performance  of  long-life  EV  and  ESS 
applications.  Our  NOVONIX  Battery  Technology  Solutions  (“BTS”)  division,  based  in  Nova  Scotia, 
Canada,  has  a  full  cell  pilot  line  and  extensive  cell  testing  capabilities,  and  works  with  tier-one 
customers across the battery value chain. 

Supported by our Chief Scientific Advisor Dr. Jeff Dahn, and as part of our investment in intellectual 
property, we continue our collaboration with the group led by Dr. Mark Obrovac, a leading battery 
materials  innovator,  at  Dalhousie  University.  NOVONIX  exclusively  owns  all  intellectual  property 
developed  within  Dr.  Obrovac’s  group  under  the  collaborative  research  agreement  without  any 
ongoing obligations to Dalhousie University.  

NOVONIX provides battery materials and development technology for leading battery manufacturers, 
materials  companies,  automotive  original  OEMs  and  consumer  electronics  manufacturers  at  the 
forefront  of  the  global  electrification  economy.  Our  core  mission  is  to  accelerate  the  continued 
advancement and scaling of EV batteries and ESS through our advanced, proprietary technologies that 
deliver longer cycle life batteries at lower costs. Through our in-house technology and capabilities, as 
well as our front-line access to industry trends, we intend to be an industry leader, delivering what we 
believe to be the most advanced, high-performance, and cost-effective battery and energy storage 
technologies for our customers. 

We currently operate two core businesses: BTS and NOVONIX Anode Materials. We also have a third 
reporting segment - Graphite Exploration - the business of which is currently under strategic review 
and is not presently considered by management as a core operating business.  

BTS  provides  industry  leading  battery  testing  technology  and  research  and  development  (“R&D”) 
services  to  create  next-generation  battery  technologies.  BTS  also  serves  as  the  pillar  of  innovation 
across  the  NOVONIX  ecosystem  by  creating  a  positive  feedback  loop  with  our  anode  and  cathode 
materials  business  through  the  development  of  applications  and  strategic  partnerships.  This 
collaboration drives our continuous technological innovation and enables us to deliver best-in-class 
products and services for customers. 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

NOVONIX Anode Materials (“NAM”) was established with the objective of commercialising what we 
believe is the most advanced anode material in the market for  EV and energy storage applications. 
These end-markets continue to demand high-performance batteries with longer life cycles and higher 
performance, while at the same time pursuing cost efficiencies to continue to drive mass adoption. 
Anode  materials  are  one  of  the  most  significant  components  that  define  the  overall  performance, 
reliability, and cycle life of the battery cell. To our knowledge, we are the only qualified U.S.-based 
producer of EV battery-grade synthetic graphite anode material and believe NAM is well positioned to 
support  the  rapid  growth  in  demand  for  these  advanced  anode  materials  in  North  America  and 
globally. 

Graphite Exploration, or the MDG Project, holds interests in a natural, high-grade graphite deposit in 
Queensland, Australia. NOVONIX had previously put any exploration and development of the MDG 
Project generally on hold while it conducts a strategic review of the graphite deposit asset in response 
to continued sector momentum to evaluate options for furthering exploration and development of the 
MDG Project. In October 2023, the Company decided to pursue potential opportunities to realise the 
value of these assets through a strategic transaction.  

NOVONIX Battery Technology Solutions Overview 

BTS was founded by Dr. Chris Burns and researchers from the research group at Dalhousie University, 
formerly headed by Dr. Jeff Dahn, in 2013, and the Company acquired BTS in June 2017. BTS provides 
innovative  R&D  services  along  the  supply  chain  to  battery  component,  battery  cell,  and  original 
equipment manufacturers. 

BTS, based in Nova Scotia, Canada, provides battery R&D services and manufactures what we believe 
to be the most accurate lithium-ion battery cell test equipment in the world. This equipment is now 
used  by  leading  battery  makers,  researchers,  and  equipment  manufacturers  including  Panasonic 
Energy Co., Ltd. (“Panasonic Energy”), LGES, Samsung SDI, and SK Innovation, and numerous consumer 
electronics and automotive OEMs. The BTS division significantly expanded R&D capabilities through 
direct investment in and through a long-term partnership agreement with Dalhousie University. 

Since we acquired the business, we have significantly expanded BTS’ R&D capabilities through direct 
investments and our long-term collaborative research agreement with Dalhousie University. BTS now 
has an established team of leading scientists with an internal battery cell pilot line to prototype and 
evaluate  new  materials  and  cell  designs,  and  extensive  battery  testing  capability,  including  our 
proprietary Ultra-High Precision Coulometry (“UHPC”) system. 

In  the  twelve  months  ended  31  December  2023,  BTS  continued  strong  revenue  growth  through 
increased sales of its hardware and battery testing and R&D service offerings, including through the 
addition and expansion of key strategic accounts. In the twelve months ended 31 December 2023, BTS’ 
revenues from contracts with customers increased by 42%, compared to the twelve months ended 31 
December 2022, due to an increase in sales with the addition of a new distributor which expanded our 
footprint in the battery hardware market. In the twelve months ended 30 June 2022, BTS’ revenues 
from contracts with customers grew by 57%, compared to the twelve months ended 30 June 2021, 
due to an increase in sales in the battery hardware division of the business. 

The Company is collaborating with Sandbox AQ, an enterprise SaaS company that combines artificial 
intelligence  (“AI”)  with  quantum  analysis  (“AQ”)  to  address  some  of  the  world’s  most  challenging 

8 

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

problems,  to  predict  the  lifespan  of  lithium-ion  batteries.  The  Company  intends  to  leverage 
SandboxAQ’s  AI-driven  chemical  simulation  software  and  the  Company’s  UHPC  technology  and 
extensive battery cell prototyping and testing capabilities to enhance its data and analytics services. 
This enhanced data and analytics offering complements the Company’s UHPC testing equipment and 
R&D prototyping and testing services to provide actionable information faster for the battery industry. 
The resulting models will be used for data products and services in the first half of 2024, building on 
the Company’s purpose-built, proprietary, battery data platform.  

In November 2022, BTS announced the opening of its new cathode pilot production facility aimed to 
position NOVONIX as an industry leader in high-nickel cathode technology. The program will be housed 
in a newly opened, 35,000-square-foot facility and leverage NOVONIX’s all-dry, zero-waste cathode 
synthesis technology to pilot its patent-pending technology for material production with the target of 
servicing the rapidly expanding electric vehicle and energy storage sectors.  

The Company has continued its investment in the intellectual property developed around all-dry, zero-
waste cathode synthesis technology in 2023, which the Company believes could enable a substantial 
reduction in the cost of producing high-energy density (high nickel-based) cathode materials including 
cobalt-free materials, an industry game-changer. The Company announced it successfully completed 
the commissioning of its 10 tpa cathode pilot line in July 2023. The cathode pilot line’s first product, a 
mid-nickel grade of single-crystal cathode material (NMC622), produced using its patent-pending, all-
dry,  zero-waste  cathode  synthesis  technology,  is  performing  in  line  with  leading  cathode  materials 
from existing suppliers in full-cell testing. NOVONIX will use the pilot line to further demonstrate the 
manufacturability  of  the  Company’s  cathode  materials  and  technology,  including  high-nickel  (e.g., 
NMC811) and cobalt-free materials, along with their performance in industrial format lithium-ion cells 
leveraging its capabilities at BTS.   

We believe this patent-pending process – and the innovations resulting from it – are transformational 
for  the  battery  industry,  decreasing  processing  complexity  which  should  result  in  a  substantial 
reduction  in  costs  and  waste  (e.g.,  elimination  of  sodium  sulphate)  in  the  cathode  manufacturing 
process. Hatch Ltd. (“Hatch”), a global engineering consultancy firm, was commissioned to conduct a 
commercial-scale capital and operating cost comparison study, as well as a high-level evaluation of 
plant emissions  and  impacts  to  natural  resources,  between  the Company’s  patent-pending  process 
and the current state-of-the-art wet-chemical process (“conventional process”). The Company’s all-
dry,  zero-waste  cathode  synthesis  process  was  built  upon  dry  particle  microgranulation,  which 
requires fewer steps than the conventional process, while producing no sodium  sulphate, reducing 
facility  cooling  water  by  an  estimated  65%  and  eliminating  the  water  needed  for  core  materials 
processing.   

The Hatch study found that the NOVONIX process may potentially reduce power consumption by an 
estimated 25% and practically eliminate waste byproduct generation over the conventional process. 
These  factors  contributed  to  a  potential  processing  cost  reduction  of  an  estimated  50%  (excluding 
material feedstock costs) and potentially lower capital costs by an estimated 30% when considering a 
30,000 tpa high-nickel cathode manufacturing facility. Based on the scoping study comparing the two 
processes,  the  NOVONIX  process  is  estimated  to  consume  fewer  natural  resources,  likely  requiring 
essentially  no  reagents  and  generating  fewer  waste  streams,  and,  as  a  result,  is  likely  a  far  more 
environmentally friendly and sustainable process than the conventional process.  

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

The  Company’s  10  tpa  cathode  synthesis  pilot  line  allows  continued  progress  to  develop  and 
demonstrate  new  materials  and  larger  test  samples  to  accelerate  commercial  discussions  with 
potential partners and customers. The Company has begun commercial discussions with precursor and 
cathode suppliers regarding the Company’s cathode materials and technology including sampling of 
products.  We  believe  NOVONIX  is  positioned  to  become  a  market  leader  in  cathode  synthesis 
technology as it pursues these development opportunities. 

BTS is receiving up to CAD$3M (US$2.23M) in research and development funding and advisory services 
from the National Research Council of Canada Industrial Research Assistance Program (“NRC IRAP”). 
The  Company  will  use  the  funds  to  advance  both  its  collaboration  with  SandboxAQ  towards  data 
analytics and the Company’s all-dry, zero-waste cathode materials development and pilot line. 

With carbon-neutral policies taking hold across major countries, NOVONIX continues to work in the 
ESS market, which has experienced an increase in demand driven primarily by a significant increase in 
renewable energy adoption. BTS developed a first-of-its-kind microgrid battery prototype to support 
Block Energy Labs' (formerly Emera Technologies) residential microgrid system, which is operating in 
a  residential  pilot  project  in  Florida.  This  relationship  highlights  the  strategic  value  BTS  provides 
through working with various companies and industries to identify growth opportunities across the 
battery value chain. 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

NOVONIX Anode Materials Overview 

NAM was established in March 2017 as a joint venture to develop and commercialise ultra-high purity, 
high-performance  graphite  anode  material  for  the  lithium-ion  battery  market  focused  on  electric 
vehicles, energy storage, and specialty applications. In fiscal year 2019, we exercised our call option, 
pursuant  to  which  we  acquired  all  our  joint  venture  partner’s  interest  in  NAM  and  increased  our 
ownership to 100%. 

NAM exclusively owns all graphite-related intellectual property of its former joint venture partner and 
has  the  ongoing  exclusivity  for  the  development  of  graphite  products  and  battery  anode  materials 
using that technology. 

includes 

intellectual  property 

This 
innovative,  high-performance  graphite  anode  materials 
(demonstrated  in  internal  testing  to  outperform  leading  materials  currently  in  the  market)  and 
production  methods  that  we  expect  to  deliver  production  costs  significantly  lower  than  existing 
producers. 

Through  operational  growth  and  by  executing  strategic  partnerships,  NOVONIX  has  developed 
proprietary  technology  that  delivers  increased  energy  efficiency,  negligible  facility  emissions,  and 
anode materials that outperform industry standards. In June 2022, NOVONIX released the results of a 
Life  Cycle  Assessment  (“LCA”),  which  showed  an  approximate  60%  decrease  in  global  warming 
potential compared to commercially manufactured anode grade synthetic graphite produced in China, 
and  an  approximate  30%  decrease  in  global  warming  potential  compared  to  anode  grade  natural 
graphite also produced in China.  NAM strives for the highest performance while powering the battery 
materials industry with lower carbon emissions. 

Since the United States passed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, battery development capacity has 
accelerated with increased domestic production and robust electric vehicle demand. These current 
trends underpin the significance of NOVONIX’s agreement with Phillips 66 in January 2022 for the joint 
development of new feedstocks and synthetic graphite with reduced carbon-intensive processing. We 
believe this partnership positions NOVONIX at the forefront of revolutionary solutions that advance 
the adoption of clean energy. 

The Company has recently doubled its production target at its first manufacturing plant, Riverside, to 
20,000 tpa. The Company plans to begin production in late 2024 at an initial 3,000 tpa to support its 
supply agreements with KORE Power and Panasonic Energy and intends to eventually reach at least 
150,000 tpa of total production capacity in North America through the acquisition or construction of 
new production facilities. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company's Generation 3 Furnaces produced 
its GX-23 product that fully met its physical and electrochemical specification targets. The continuous 
output  from  a  single  Generation  3  Furnace,  producing  multiple  tonnes  of  material  which,  was 
confirmed to meet the target for the degree of graphitisation for the product. In 2023, the Company 
met the engineering specifications for performance and efficiency of Generation 3 Furnace systems 
and remains on track for commercial deliveries of anode material by late 2024. The Company continues 
to leverage this progress in its engagements with prospective customers with whom the Company is 
in  discussions  about  product  qualification,  production  timelines,  and  potential  supply  agreements 
from Riverside and future facilities. 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

The Company expects to complete updated engineering work to obtain the expanded capacity target 
at the Riverside facility at the end of the first quarter of 2024 and will enable the continued deployment 
of additional mass production equipment for the start of commercial production in late 2024. 

The Biden Administration’s Inflation Reduction Act ("IRA") and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law ("BIL") 
have provided financial incentives for companies to build a robust supply chain in the United States. 
On October 20, 2022, NOVONIX announced its selection by the DOE to enter negotiations for $150 
million in grant funding to support the construction of a new synthetic graphite manufacturing facility 
with a targeted initial output of 30,000 tpa. Through negotiations with the  DOE’s MESC Office, the 
Company announced in November 2023 that it successfully reallocated the funding more immediately 
to its Riverside facility, which has a target production of up to 20,000 tpa, finalised its award agreement 
and, accordingly, resized the award to $100 million, payable upon achieving certain milestones. The 
DOE  grant  funding  will  support  the  installation  and  commissioning  of  equipment  to  produce  the 
targeted 20,000 tpa of capacity from Riverside. Under the terms of the grant, the Company must match 
government funds comply with a number of U.S. laws and regulations. In addition to the $100 million 
DOE grant funding, the Company expects its cash position, customer revenues, additional government 
programs, strategic partners and other capital sources to fund planned growth. Synthetic graphite is 
currently imported almost exclusively from China, and NOVONIX’s plant aims to be the first large-scale 
battery-grade synthetic graphite manufacturing operation in the U.S. The DOE's MESC Office will work 
closely with NOVONIX to oversee the award over the course of the project through full operation. 

In  the  fourth  quarter  2022,  NAM  was  selected  to  submit  a  formal  application  to  the  DOE's  Loan 
Programs Office ("LPO"). The LPO provides low-interest loans to support the manufacture of eligible 
vehicles  and  qualifying  components  under  the Advanced  Technology  Vehicles  Manufacturing  Loan 
("ATVM") program, authorised by  the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. Through the 
ATVM program, LPO can provide access to debt capital that is priced at U.S. Treasury Rates for auto 
manufacturing projects in the United States and provide financing that meets the specific needs of 
individual borrowers.  

NOVONIX continues to advance plans for a new production facility with an initial production target of 
at least 30,000 tpa. The Company continues to pursue funding support under the LPO's ATVM Program. 
A loan through the ATVM program may fund up to 80% of eligible project costs of the Company's next 
facility. The timing of this next facility and NOVONIX’s subsequent plans to reach at least 150,000 tpa 
of production in North America will be based on the timelines of current and future customer demand.  

Aligned with its strategic partnership and investment in KORE Power, NOVONIX will be KORE Power's 
exclusive supplier of graphite anode material in North America. In 2022, KORE Power received strategic 
financing from investors and a $850 million conditional commitment from DOE LPO in 2023 for the 
construction of its KOREPlex facility in Phoenix, Arizona, targeted to begin production in the fourth 
quarter  of  2024.  To  support  KORE  Power’s  capacity  requirement  and  other  customers,  NOVONIX's 
expanded production capacity target of 20,000 tpa at the Company’s Riverside facility in Chattanooga, 
Tennessee can fully meet KORE Power's contracted anode material needs. The production ramp will 
be aligned with the supply agreement starting at approximately 3,000 tpa and ramping up to 12,000 
tpa as KORE Power's facility expands. 

In March 2023, we entered a joint venture agreement with TAQAT Development Company (“TAQAT”) 
with the intention to  develop and  produce anode  materials for electric vehicle and energy storage 

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ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

system  batteries  in  the  Middle  East  &  North  Africa  region.  The  parties  planned  to  construct  a 
production facility in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to leverage access to precursor material as feedstock 
for critical battery materials and to serve developing end-use markets for the manufacture and sale of 
EVs and ESS applications. If the parties, unless otherwise mutually agreed through an amendment, do 
not incorporate the joint venture, provide initial funding for a front-end engineering and design study, 
and obtain merger control clearance, if required, from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by March 31, 2024, 
the joint venture will terminate on its own terms. While the parties have had discussions relating to 
these conditions, there can be no assurance that any of the conditions will be satisfied by such date or 
that the parties will agree to extend the milestone. 

In June 2023, NOVONIX and LGES, a global battery manufacturer, entered into a JDA providing for the 
joint development of active anode material for lithium-ion batteries that meets certain product quality 
specifications, with a term through June 2025. The material for testing will be supplied initially from 
NOVONIX’s pilot plant and is anticipated to be supplied in 2024 and 2025 from its mass production 
facilities. The JDA provides that, upon successful completion of certain development work under the 
JDA, LGES and NOVONIX will enter into a separate purchase agreement pursuant to which LGES will 
have the option  to  purchase  up  to  50,000  tons  of  artificial  graphite  anode  material  over  a  10-year 
period  from  the  start  of  mass  production.  In  conjunction  with  the  JDA,  pursuant  to  an  Unsecured 
Convertible Note Agreement dated as of 7 June 2023 (the "LGES Note Agreement"), NOVONIX issued 
an aggregate principal amount of US$30 million unsecured convertible notes to LGES on 21 June 2023. 
As a result of the issuance of the convertible notes and the conversion terms therein, LGES is as of 31 
December 2023, the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our ordinary shares (based on the number 
of our outstanding ordinary shares).  

In February 2024, NOVONIX and Panasonic Energy, a leading manufacturer of electric vehicle batteries 
in North America, each announced the signing of a binding off-take agreement for high-performance 
synthetic graphite anode material to be supplied to Panasonic Energy's North American operations 
from  NOVONIX’s  Riverside  facility  in  Chattanooga,  Tennessee.  Under  the  off-take  agreement, 
Panasonic Energy has agreed to purchase at least 10,000 tonnes of anode material for use in its North 
American plants over the term of 2025-2028, subject to NOVONIX achieving agreed upon milestones 
regarding final mass production qualification timelines prior to the fourth quarter of 2025. Panasonic 
Energy has the right to reduce the 10,000 tonnes volume (by up to 20%) if these milestones are not 
achieved  by  the  required  dates  or  to  terminate  the  agreement  if  there  is  a  substantial  delay  to 
achieving these milestones. During the term, if additional volumes are requested by Panasonic Energy, 
NOVONIX shall use its best efforts to deliver the increased volumes. The companies have agreed to a 
pricing  structure  that  incorporates  a  mechanism  for  adjusting  the  price  in  response  to  significant 
changes in NOVONIX’s raw material costs.  

Graphite Exploration Overview 

We hold tenement rights in the Mount Dromedary Graphite Project (the "MDG Project"), a high-grade 
natural flake graphite deposit located in Northern Queensland, Australia. As of the date of this Annual 
Report, the Company has not generated any revenue from the sale of natural graphite. Despite the 
favourable characteristics of this natural graphite deposit and except to the extent of any exploration 
required under the tenement rights, in 2021 the Company put any exploration and development of 
the MDG Project on hold to conduct a strategic review of these assets. This decision was based on 

13 

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

what the Company considered more favourable investment opportunities through the manufacturing 
of advanced battery anode materials and the development of new battery technologies.  

During the twelve months ended 31 December 2023, the Company received and evaluated inquiries 
and  expressions  of  interest  in  the  MDG  Project.  In  October  2023,  the  Company  decided  to  pursue 
potential  opportunities  to  realise  the  value  of  these  assets  through  a  strategic  transaction.  All 
tenement rights remain current, exploration activity is continuing to the extent required under the 
tenement rights, a resource, principally high-grade graphite, has been identified, and, as a result of the 
Company’s decision, the assets have been reclassified during the year ended 31 December 2023, as 
being available for sale. While the Company may engage in discussions with interested third parties 
regarding the MDG Project, there can be no  assurances that any such discussions will result in any 
transaction involving these assets. 

Tenement List 

Tenement 

Permit Holder 

Grant Date 

EPM 26025  Exco Resources Limited 

14/12/2015 

NVX Rights 
100% (Sub-Blocks 
Normanton 3123 D, J, N, O 
and S) 

EPM 17323 

MD South Tenements Pty Ltd  
(Subsidiary of NOVONIX Limited) 

20/10/2010 

EPM 17246  MD South Tenements Pty Ltd 

26/10/2010 

100% 

100% 

Expiry Date 

13/12/2025 

19/10/2024 

25/10/2024 

End of Review of Operations and Activities 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Material Business Risks 
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that you should consider before 
investing in our securities. These risks are described more fully below and include, but are not 
limited to, risks relating to the following: 

▪  We will need to obtain funding from time to time to finance our growth and operations, which 
may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are  unable to raise capital when 
needed, we may be forced to delay, reduce, or eliminate certain operations, and we may be 
unable to adequately control our costs. 
 Our DOE grant, and any future grants, loans or incentives we may obtain from government 
agencies, will impose restrictions and compliance obligations on us, with associated costs and 
risks. 

▪ 

▪  We face significant challenges in our attempt to develop our anode and cathode materials to 
produce  them  at  volumes  with  acceptable  performance,  yields,  and  costs.  The  pace  of 
development  in  materials  science  is  often  not  predictable.  We  may  encounter  substantial 
delays  or  operational  problems  in  the  scale-up  of  our  anode  materials  production  or  the 
commercialisation of our cathode materials technology.  

▪  Our reliance on certain limited or sole source suppliers subjects us to a number of risks.  
▪  The energy storage market continues to evolve and is highly competitive, and we may not be 
successful in competing in this industry or establishing and maintaining confidence in our long-
term business prospects among current and future partners and customers. 

▪  Our anode materials business is subject to fluctuating and potentially  unfavourable market 

conditions for graphite. 

▪  We may not realise any of the benefits of the proposed regulations providing tax credits to 

U.S. producers of graphite. 

▪  The systems, equipment, and processes we use in the production of our anode materials are 
complex,  and  we  are  subject  to  many  operational  risks,  any  of  which  could  substantially 
increase our costs and limit the operational performance of our anode materials operations, 
which would adversely affect our business. 

▪  Our future growth and success will depend on our ability to sell effectively to large customers. 
▪  We  depend,  and  expect  to  continue  to  depend,  on  a  limited  number  of  customers  for  a 

significant percentage of our revenue. 

▪  We may not be able to engage target customers successfully and to convert such contacts into 

meaningful orders in the future. 

▪  Our  commercial  relationships  are  subject  to  various  risks  which  could  adversely  affect  our 

business and future prospects. 

▪  Our business and future growth depend substantially on the growth in demand for electric 

vehicles and batteries for grid energy storage. 

▪  Our projected operating and financial results rely in large part upon assumptions and analyses 
we  have  developed.  If  these  assumptions  or  analyses  prove  to  be  incorrect,  our  actual 
operating results may be materially different from our projected results. 

▪  We may not be able to establish supply relationships for necessary components or may be 
required to pay costs for components that are more expensive than anticipated, which could 
delay the introduction or acquisition of additional equipment necessary to support our growth 
and negatively impact our business. 

15 

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

▪ 

▪  We may not be able to accurately estimate the future supply and demand for our materials 
and equipment, which could result in a variety of inefficiencies in our business and hinder our 
ability to generate revenue. If we fail to accurately predict our manufacturing requirements 
or prices of components increase, we could incur additional costs or experience delays. 
If we are unable to attract and retain key employees and qualified personnel, our ability to 
compete could be harmed. 
Labour shortages, turnover, and labour cost increases could adversely impact our ability to 
scale up manufacturing of our anode materials and commercialise our cathode technology. 
▪  We have a history of financial losses and expect to incur significant expenses and continuing 

▪ 

losses in the near future. 

▪  Any  global  political,  economic,  and  financial  crisis  (as  well  as  the  indirect  effects  flowing 
therefrom) could negatively affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. 
▪  Our systems and data may be subject to disruptions or other security incidents, or we may 
face alleged violations of laws, regulations, or other obligations relating to data handling that 
could result in liability and adversely impact our reputation and future sales. 

▪  From  time  to  time,  we  may  be  involved  in  litigation,  regulatory  actions  or  government 
investigations  and  inquiries,  which  could  have  an  adverse  impact  on  our  profitability  and 
consolidated financial position. 

▪  We may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm our financial condition 

and liquidity if we are not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims. 

▪  We have a concentration of beneficial ownership among Phillips 66, LGES, and our executive 
officers,  non-executive  directors  and  their  affiliates  that  may  prevent  new  investors  from 
influencing significant corporate decisions. 

▪  From time to time, we may enter into negotiations for acquisitions, dispositions, partnerships, 
joint ventures, or investments that are not ultimately consummated or, if consummated, may 
not be successful. 

▪  Our  facilities  or  operations  could  be  damaged  or  adversely  affected  as  a  result  of  natural 

disasters and other catastrophic events. 

▪  Terrorist activity, acts of war, and political instability around the world could adversely impact 

our business. 

▪  We are subject to substantial regulation and unfavourable changes to, or our failure to comply 

with, these regulations could substantially harm our business and operating results. 

▪  We  are  subject  to  environmental,  health,  and  safety  requirements  which  could  adversely 

affect our business, results of operation, and reputation. 

▪  We  are  subject  to  anti-corruption,  anti-bribery,  anti-money  laundering,  financial  and 
economic sanctions, and similar laws, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to 
administrative,  civil  and  criminal  fines  and  penalties,  collateral  consequences,  remedial 
measures,  and  legal  expenses,  all  of  which  could  adversely  affect  our  business,  results  of 
operations, financial condition and reputation. 

▪  Our success depends upon our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection 

for our materials and technologies. 

▪  Termination of our collaborative research agreement with Dalhousie University to support the 
development of current and future technology would likely harm our business, and even if it 
continues, it may not help us successfully develop any new intellectual property. 

16 

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

▪  Our  patent  applications  may  not  result  in  issued  patents  or  our  patent  rights  may  be 
contested, circumvented, invalidated, or limited in scope, any of which could have a material 
adverse effect on our ability to prevent others from interfering with our commercialisation of 
our products. 

▪  Changes in patent law could diminish the value of patents in general, thereby impairing our 

ability to protect our technologies and processes. 

▪  Our lack of registered trademarks and trade names could potentially harm our business. 
▪  We may be unable to obtain intellectual property rights or technology necessary to develop 

and commercialise our materials and equipment. 

▪  We  may  become  involved  in  lawsuits  or  other  proceedings  to  protect  or  enforce  our 
intellectual property, which could be expensive, time-consuming, and unsuccessful and have 
a negative effect on the success of our business. 

▪  We  may  be  subject  to  claims  by  third  parties  asserting  misappropriation  of  intellectual 

▪ 

property, or claiming ownership of what we regard as our own intellectual property. 
If we fail to implement and maintain an effective system of internal controls or fail to identify 
and  remediate  our  material  weaknesses  over  financial  reporting,  we  may  be  unable  to 
accurately report our results of operations, meet our reporting obligations or prevent fraud, 
and  investor  confidence  in  our  Company  and  the  market  price  of  our  securities  may  be 
negatively impacted. 

▪  We are subject to risks associated with currency fluctuations, and changes in foreign currency 

exchange rates could impact our results of operations. 

▪  Our ability to utilise our net operating losses to offset future taxable income may be prohibited 

or subject to certain limitations. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Directors’ Report 
For the Year Ended 31 December 2023 

Your Directors present the following report for the year ended 31 December 2023 together with the 
consolidated  financial  report  of  NOVONIX  Limited  (the  Company)  and  its  subsidiaries  (referred  to 
hereafter as the Group) and the auditor’s report thereon. The comparative information is for the six-
month period ended 31 December 2022 as the Company changed its year end to align the Company’s 
financial year with that of its industry peers. 

Directors and Company Secretary 
The following persons were Directors of NOVONIX Limited during the financial period: 

Dan Akerson – resigned 20 December 2023 
Tony Bellas  
Robert Cooper – resigned effective 5 April 2023 
Ron Edmonds 
Zhanna Golodryga – resigned effective 7 September 2023 
Andrew Liveris 
Admiral Robert Natter 
Jean Oelwang  
S Vaidyanathan – appointed effective 7 September 2023 

The Company Secretary is Suzanne Yeates. Appointed to the position of  Company Secretary on 18 
September  2015,  Ms.  Yeates  is  a  Chartered  Accountant  and  Founder  and  Principal  of  Outsourced 
Accounting Solutions Pty Ltd. She holds similar positions with other public and private companies. 

Principal Activities 

During the financial year, the principal activities of the Group included investment in scalability efforts 
to  increase  production  capacity  of  anode  materials,  commercialisation  of  the  Company’s  cathode 
technology and expansion of cell assembly and testing capabilities. 

Dividends 

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend. No dividend was paid during the financial 
year. 

Review of Operations 

Information  on  the  operations  and  financial  position  of  the  Group  and  its  business  strategies  and 
prospects are set out in the review of operations and activities on pages 4-14 of this annual report. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Significant Changes in the State of Affairs 

There have been no significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group during the financial year.  

Likely Developments and Expected Results of Operations 

Comments on likely developments and expected results of operations are included in the review of 
operations and activities on pages 4-14. 

Events Since the End of the Financial Year 

In February 2024, NOVONIX and Panasonic Energy, a leading manufacturer of EV batteries in North 
America, each announced the signing of a binding off-take agreement for high-performance synthetic 
graphite  anode  material  to  be  supplied  to  Panasonic  Energy’s  North  American  operations  from 
NOVONIX’s  Riverside  facility  in  Chattanooga,  Tennessee.  Under  the  off-take  agreement,  Panasonic 
Energy has agreed to purchase at least 10,000 tonnes of anode material for use in its North American 
plants over the term of 2025-2028, subject to NOVONIX achieving agreed upon milestones regarding 
final mass production qualification timelines prior to the fourth quarter of 2025. Panasonic Energy has 
the right to reduce the 10,000 tonnes volume (by up to 20%) if these milestones are not achieved by 
the required dates or to terminate the agreement if there is a substantial delay to achieving these 
milestones. During the term, if additional volumes are requested by Panasonic Energy, NOVONIX shall 
use its best efforts to deliver the increased volumes. The companies have agreed to a pricing structure 
that incorporates a mechanism for adjusting the price in response to significant changes in NOVONIX’s 
raw material costs. 

There have been no other matters or circumstances have arisen since the end of the financial year 
which significantly affected or could significantly affect the operations of the Company, the results of 
those operations or the state of affairs of the Company in future financial years. 

Environmental Regulations 

The  Group  is  subject  to  environmental  regulations  in  respect  of  its  exploration  and  development 
activities  in  Australia  and  its  operations  in  the  United  States  and  Canada  and  is  committed  to 
undertaking all its operations in an environmentally responsible manner. 

To  the  best  of  the  Directors’  knowledge,  the  Group  has  adequate  systems  in  place  to  ensure 
compliance with the requirements of all environmental legislation and are not aware of any breach of 
those requirements during the financial year and up to the date of the Directors’ report. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Information on Directors 

The following information is current as at the date of this report. 

Admiral R J Natter. Chair – Non-Executive (Appointed 14 July 2017) 
Experience and 
expertise 

Robert J. Natter retired from active military service with the US Navy in 2003 and now has 17 years’ 
experience in the private sector of the US and Australia markets.  

During his navy career, Admiral Natter served as the Commander of the US Seventh Fleet, controlling 
all U.S. Navy operations throughout the western Pacific and Indian Oceans. As a four-star Admiral, 
Natter  was  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  U.S.  Atlantic  Fleet  and  the  first  Commander  of  U.S.  Fleet 
Forces Command, overseeing all Continental U.S. Navy bases and the training and readiness of all 
Navy ships, submarines, and aircraft squadrons based there.  

He is on the Board and chairs the Governance and Compensation Committee and the Government 
Security Committee of Allied Universal Security Company with over 800,000 employees worldwide. 
He  also  served  on  the  Board  of  Intellisense  (ISI),  a  privately  held  technology  company  based  in 
Torrance, California until 2023. 

He  also  serves  on  the  U.S.  Naval  Academy Foundation  Board  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Academy 
Alumni Association, representing over 60,000 living Academy alumni. He also served on the Navy 
Seal Museum and the Yellow Ribbon Fund Boards.  

Other current 
directorships 
Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 
Special 
responsibilities 
Interests in shares 
and options 

N/A 

N/A 

Chairman 
Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
2,132,758 ordinary shares 
1,500,000 options 
77,258 share rights 

A Bellas. Deputy Chair – Non-Executive (Appointed 11 August 2015) 
Experience and 
expertise 

Mr. Bellas was the inaugural Chair of the Company on his appointment in August 2015. He brings 
over 35 years of experience in the public and private sectors. Mr. Bellas was previously CEO of the 
Seymour Group, one of Queensland’s largest private investment and development companies. 
Prior to joining the Seymour Group, he held the position of CEO of Ergon Energy Ltd, a Queensland 
Government-owned corporation involved in electricity distribution and retailing. Before that, he 
was CEO of CS Energy Ltd, also a Queensland Government-owned corporation and the State’s 
largest electricity generation company, operating over 3,500 MW of gas-fired and coal-fired plants 
at four locations. Mr. Bellas previously had a long career with Queensland Treasury, achieving the 
position of Deputy Under Treasurer. 

Mr. Bellas is a director of the listed companies shown below and is also a director of Healthcare 
Logic Global Ltd, Loch Explorations Pty Ltd, Green and Gold Minerals Pty Ltd and Burlington Mining 
Pty Ltd. 

Other current 
directorships 

Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 

Special responsibilities 

Deputy Chairman of State Gas Limited.    

Chairman of intelliHR Limited (ceased 2023) 

Chair of the Audit & Risk Committee 
Member of the Remuneration Committee 
Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

Interests in shares and 
options 

2,412,374 ordinary shares 
69,995 share rights 

20 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

J Oelwang. Non-Executive Director (Appointed 2 March 2022) 
Experience and 
expertise 

Ms. Oelwang has 18 years of experience in helping to start and lead telecommunications companies 
in South Africa, Colombia, Bulgaria, Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia, and the US. This included roles 
in marketing, customer service, sales, and as a CEO.   

Over  the  last  20  years,  she  has  been  the  CEO  and  President  of  Virgin  Unite,  helping  lead  the 
incubation and start-up of several global initiatives, many with a focus on sustainability, including: 
The Elders, The B Team, The Carbon War Room (merged with RMI), Ocean Unite, and The Caribbean 
Climate Smart Accelerator. Ms. Oelwang also worked with 25 Virgin businesses across 15 industries 
to help embed purpose in all they do and served as a Partner in the Virgin Group leading their people 
strategy.   

She is on the Advisory Council of The Elders, is a B Team leader, is the cofounder of Plus Wonder, 
and the author of the book Partnering. 

Other current 
directorships 

Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 

Special responsibilities 

N/A 

N/A 

Chair of Remuneration Committee. 
Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

Interests in shares and 
options 

79,165 share rights 

A N Liveris. Non-Executive Director (Appointed 1 July 2018) 
Experience and 
expertise 

A recognised global business leader with more than 40 years at the Dow Chemical Company, Mr. 
Liveris' career has spanned roles in manufacturing, engineering, sales, marketing, and business and 
general management around the world.  

During  more  than  a  decade  as  Dow’s  CEO,  Mr.  Liveris  led  Dow’s  transformation  from  a  cyclical 
commodity chemicals manufacturing company into a global specialty chemical, advanced materials, 
agro-sciences, and plastics company.  

Andrew is a director of the listed companies shown below and has also been appointed as the Chair 
of the Brisbane Organising Committee for the 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games. 

Board member of Lucid Motors (NASDAQ: LCID). 
Non-executive director of Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco) and Worley Parsons Limited 
(ASX: WOR). 
Non-executive director of International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation (NYSE: IBM). 
None 

Other current 
directorships 

Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 
Special responsibilities  N/A 
Interests in shares and 
options 

9,198,794 ordinary shares 
9,000,000 options 
69,995 share rights 

21 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

S Vaidyanathan. Non-Executive Director (Appointed 7 September 2023) 
Experience and 
expertise 

A  global  business  leader  with  more  than  30  years  in  the  oil  and  gas  energy  industry,  Mr. 
Vaidyanathan’s career has spanned roles in  technical, operations, business functions and general 
management around the world.  

In his prior role as Vice President and Chief Engineer, Refining Business Improvement for Phillips 
66, Mr. Vaidyanathan led Phillips 66’s effort to improve margins, cost, advancing use of digital 
technologies and to jump start the Renewable energy activities. Mr. Vaidyanathan currently leads 
the Renewable Fuels business for Phillips66. 

Other current 
directorships 

Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 

N/A 

N/A 

Special responsibilities  Member of the Remuneration Committee. 

Interests in shares and 
options 
^Mr Suresh Vaidyanathan is not permitted to receive remuneration, including any equity incentives, in his personal capacity 

N/A^ 

under the terms of his employment with Phillips 66 and terms of engagement with the Company. Accordingly, all fees earned 

by, and all equity instruments granted to, Mr Suresh Vaidyanathan are paid or granted directly to Phillips 66. 

R Edmonds. Non-Executive Director (Appointed 27 October 2022) 
Experience and expertise 

Ron Edmonds is the Controller, Vice President of Controllers and Tax and the Chief Accounting 
Officer for Dow, a material science company with 2022 sales of $57 billion. He was formerly the 
Co-Controller of DowDuPont, a $73 billion holding company comprised of The Dow Chemical 
Company and DuPont which was spun into three independent, publicly traded companies in 
agriculture (Corteva), materials science (Dow) and specialty products sectors (DuPont).  Edmonds 
leads all aspects of Dow’s Controllers & Tax organisations, overseeing 1250 employees and is 
responsible for all accounting, management reporting, external reporting, statutory reporting, 
internal controls, finance systems, tax planning, tax operations and strategy, and tax controversy 
globally for 500 legal entities. He oversees all corporate controls that guide enterprise strategy, 
investment decisions, and global initiatives for Dow. 

He is a member of the Public Accounting Oversight Board’s Standards and Emerging Issues Advisory 
Group and the IFRS Advisory Council. 

Other current 
directorships 

Former listed 
directorships in last 3 
years 

N/A 

N/A 

Special responsibilities 

Member of the Audit & Risk Committee. 

Interests in shares and 
options 

N/A 

22 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Meetings of Directors 

The number of meetings of the Company’s Board of Directors and of each Committee held during the 
year ended 31 December 2023, and the number of meetings attended by each Director were: 

Full Meetings of 
Directors 

Meetings of 
Audit & Risk 
Committee 

Meeting of the 
Remuneration 
Committee 

Admiral R J Natter  
D Akerson 
A Bellas 
R Cooper 
R Edmonds 
Z Golodryga 
A Liveris 
J Oelwang 
S Vaidyanathan 

A 
7 
7 
7 
2 
7 
3 
6 
7 
2 

B 
7 
7 
7 
3 
7 
5 
7 
7 
2 

A 
- 
0 
5 
1 
5 
5 
- 
- 
- 

B 
- 
1 
5 
2 
5 
5 
- 
- 
- 

A 
- 
3 
4 
1 
- 
- 
- 
4 
1 

B 
- 
4 
4 
1 
- 
- 
- 
4 
1 

Meeting of the 
Nominating and 
Corporate 
Governance 
Committee 
B 
A 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
3 
3 
- 
- 

A = Number of meetings attended 
B = Number of meetings held during the time the director held office, was a member of the committee during the year and was not absent 

from a meeting due to a conflict of interest. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Remuneration Report 

Dear Shareholders, 

On behalf of the Board of Directors and as Chair of the Remuneration Committee, I am pleased to 
present the remuneration report for the financial year ended 31 December 2023. 

Over  the  last  year,  we  strengthened  our  Board  and  Committees.  Through  new  and  upcoming 
appointments  to  the  Board,  we  have  greatly  enhanced  the  capacity  of  the  Board  in  the  areas  of 
governance,  financial  management,  manufacturing,  people,  and  sustainability,  and  increased  our 
diversity. I was honoured to become the Chair of the Remuneration Committee in May 2023, and to 
work with my fellow committee members Tony Bellas and Suresh Vaidyanathan, who together have 
more than 32 years of experience in the energy industry. As previously announced, Sharan Burrow AC 
will be joining the Board as an independent Director and member of the Remuneration Committee 
effective  28  February  2024.  We  welcome  her  deep  experience  in  building  healthy,  diverse,  high-
performing teams with strong governance. 

We are fortunate to  be working with a great  management team  who  we believe  have unmatched 
expertise in this emerging battery industry to help advance clean energy. Their leadership has led to 
a high level of retention and to a high level of satisfaction across the organisation, as we have grown 
to  over  200  employees  over  the  last  several  years,  a  number  that  is  expected  to  increase  as  the 
Company  is  anticipated  to  enter  production  at  our  anode  materials  business  in  its  next  phase  of 
growth. 

Both  the  Board  and  the  management  team  are  committed  to  retaining  our  strong  team  and  to 
nurturing a culture that will deliver results to shareholders and key stakeholders. 

We’ve taken very seriously the feedback from our shareholders at our 2023 Annual General Meeting 
(“AGM”),  where  we  received  our  first-ever  strike  on  our  remuneration  report.  Over  the  last  nine 
months, we’ve expanded our engagement with our investors and proxy advisors to better understand 
their  feedback  and  recommendations.  We’ve  also  worked  closely  with  an  independent  executive 
remuneration consultant to review a range of potential compensation structures. This has led us to 
more clearly identify some of the realities we face in recruiting and retaining top talent as a company 
in a highly specialised, nascent industry, with operations based exclusively in North America, which 
has notably different remuneration practises than Australia. We’ve also taken into consideration the 
strong macro-economic headwinds that have had a negative effect on our share price. We are grateful 
for  the  team’s  continued  hard  work  towards  the  significant  milestones  reached  this  year,  from 
securing  a  joint  development  agreement  and  investment  with  LG  Energy  Solution  (“LGES”),  to 
finalising  a  USD$100  million  grant  from  the  U.S.  DOE  MESC,  and  most  recently  to  entering  into  a 
binding off-take with Panasonic Energy. As a Board and management team, we are more energised 
than ever behind delivering on our mission to help revolutionise the battery market towards cleaner 
energy. 

Through a rigorous process guided by feedback from our investors, we have identified  several key 
changes to our 2024 remuneration strategy, which we believe will set us up for success in the years 
ahead. These changes include: 

24 

 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

• 

• 

an updated pay philosophy with guiding principles  
a  streamlined  narrative  in  our  annual  remuneration  report  so  you,  our  shareholders,  can 
better understand the “why” of our remuneration program, 
significantly increased disclosures for short-term incentive (“STI”) metrics, 

• 
•  equity  grants  in  2024  under  our  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  (“LTIP”)  to  our  Chief  Executive 
Officer (“CEO”) and executive team, consisting 100% of performance rights vesting based on 
performance  over  a  three-year  period,  using  challenging  relative  total  shareholder  return 
(“TSR”)  performance  goals  and  a  revenue  modifier.  Equity  grants  in  2024  to  our  CEO  and 
executive team included no performance rights with time-based vesting, 
the 2024 LTIP grants to our CEO and executive team also include a reduced total LTIP target 
opportunity, compared to 2023, and 
in line with the decrease in total quantum for the CEO and executive team, a 50% reduction 
in the Board’s share rights.  

• 

• 

We’ve also ensured that the 2023 STI payout mirrors the impact our shareholders have experienced 
from the decline in share price. While investors have been very clear that they deeply respect the 
management team (something we  heard in every investor feedback session), we acknowledge  the 
market volatility that has impacted our share price and as such have only paid out to our executives 
33% of the 2023 STI target opportunity. The non-executive Directors also wanted to show their long-
term dedication to the team and Company and so their share rights for the period 1 July 2023 to 31 
December 2023 will not be issued.  

To further demonstrate our commitment to the important mission of this organisation, the Board has 
adopted formal share ownership guidelines (see page 39). 

We remain deeply committed to NOVONIX and confident to deliver our mission to help revolutionise 
the battery industry to accelerate the adoption of clean energy. We know that we have the right team, 
technology, and strategy in place to make this happen, and a Board who is in it for the long run. Over 
the last year, the team has made significant steps towards our goals, and we are confident that this 
will lead to great future outcomes for all our stakeholders. 

We look forward to continuing to partner with you as we build from strength to strength. We always 
welcome your feedback and insights and are grateful for the time many of you took over this last nine 
months to have honest conversations with us. We will continue to review our compensation plans and 
learn from best practises. Thanks so much for your ongoing belief in NOVONIX and its ability to be a 
part of revolutionising the battery industry.  

With gratitude, 

Jean Oelwang 
Chairperson of the Remuneration Committee  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

OVERVIEW OF THE REMUNERATION REPORT 

The Board of Directors present the NOVONIX Limited 2023 remuneration report, outlining key aspects 
of our remuneration policy and framework and remuneration awarded this financial year ending 31 
December  2023.  The  remuneration  report  also  addresses  our  response  to  the  vote  on  the 
remuneration report at last year’s AGM in form of our 2024 remuneration program and enhanced 
disclosures in this remuneration report. The remuneration report has been audited as required by 
s308 (3C) of the Corporations Act 2001 and contains the following sections:  

•  Remuneration and our 2023 Performance   
•  Key  Management  Personnel  (each  a  “KMP  and  collectively  “KMPs”)  Covered  by  the 

Remuneration Report 

•  KMP Remuneration Governance 
•  Our Response to Last Year’s AGM Vote 
•  Our Remuneration Strategy 
•  Our Remuneration Mix 
•  Remuneration Outcomes for the Year Ended 31 December 2023  
•  Other Aspects of our Remuneration Program 
•  Remuneration Expenses for KMPs 
•  Non-Executive Director Remuneration 
•  Additional Statutory Information 

REMUNERATION AND OUR 2023 PERFORMANCE 

We are in the business of supplying advanced, high-performance battery materials, equipment, and 
services to the global lithium-ion battery market. Founded in 2012 and publicly traded since 2015, we 
started  as  a  company  in  a  nascent  industry  and  continue  to  grow  scale  in  an  increasingly  highly 
specialised industry.  

As part of our business strategy, we currently maintain a lean but experienced team. To deliver on our 
ambitious business objectives, we aim to attract and retain high-quality employees who embody our 
core  values  of  curiosity,  collaboration,  and  commitment  in  a  competitive  market  and  even  more 
competitive  industry.  We  are  a  dual-listed  Australian  corporation  with  a  management  team  and 
operations based entirely in North America, with over 200 full-time employees in the United States 
and Canada. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

In  2023,  our  management  made  important  strides  in  our  business,  executing  on  several  critical 
business goals, namely: 

✓  signed a JDA with LGES for the joint research and development of artificial graphite anode 
material  for  lithium-ion  batteries,  and  an  agreement  to  issue  US$30  million  worth  of 
unsecured convertible notes to LGES 

✓  finalised  US$100  million  in  grant  funding  from  the  U.S.  Department  of  Energy’s  Office  of 
Manufacturing  and  Energy  Supply  Chains  to  expand  domestic  production  of  high-
performance,  synthetic  graphite  anode  materials  at  our  Riverside  facility  in  Chattanooga, 
Tennessee 

✓  ran a production campaign on our Generation 3 Furnaces that produced material meeting all 

specifications while also reaching the equipment design throughput targets 

✓  signed a binding off-take with Panasonic for 10,000 tonnes of high-performance synthetic 
graphite from our Riverside facility, to be used in their North American operations, since the 
conclusion of FY2023. 

✓  commissioned a 10 tpa cathode pilot line and released the results of a third-party engineering 
study on our proprietary all-dry, zero-waste cathode synthesis process highlighted potential 
improvements over conventional cathode synthesis. 

As a growth stage company, we incurred in FY 2023, and have historically incurred, operating losses 
due to significant expenses, which we expect will continue as we develop our technology and scale 
production ahead of eventual commercialisation and profitability. During the year, our share price 
also experienced some decline much like most in our sector. This stemmed from various factors, many 
of which were unrelated to leadership performance but which we recognise still negatively impacted 
shareholders,  including:  fluctuations  in  current  and  expected  demand  for  EVs  and  ESS;  trends  in 
technology  adoption;  international  market  prices  for  battery  anode  materials;  and  general  market 
sentiment  towards  the  battery  materials  and  lithium-ion  battery  sectors.  Given  the  nature  of  our 
activities  and  the  consequential  operating  results,  we  have  not  proposed  or  paid  dividends  to 
shareholders or returned capital to them. 

In  this  critical  growth  phase  where  we  aim  to  achieve  important  business  milestones  and  the 
challenging  goals  we  have  set  for  ourselves,  while  sustaining  losses  and  seeing  our  share  price 
fluctuate,  we  must  take  care  that  our  remuneration  program  accomplishes  several  aims:  it  must 
incentivise  and  reflect  the  performance  of  our  pre-profitability  business  assessed  mainly  on 
technology and operating milestones, rather than conventional financial metrics; it must promote the 
interests of shareholders, whose investment in us is often impacted by macroeconomic factors outside 
our control; it must meet the expectations of both Australian and U.S. investors, each of whom have 
distinct expectations around remuneration; and, as a dual-listed Australian company with operations 
exclusively in North America, it must ensure the ability to attract and retain employees in an intensely 
competitive global industry.  

The details of share price movements are as follows: 
31 December 
2023 
$0.735 

31 December 
2022 
$1.47 

Share price (AUD) 

30 June 2022 

30 June 2021 

30 June 2020 

$2.28 

$2.22 

$0.87 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

As discussed in this remuneration report, our 2023 remuneration program, and even more so our 2024 
program, achieves these goals. The program incentivises management to deliver growth and results, 
while at the same time motivating and retaining key talent in the North American market where our 
operations are located; we recognise these as vital to achieving both short and long-term business 
objectives and enhancing shareholder value in the long term. Our remuneration program also ensures 
that management feels the same shorter-term impact on share price coming from macroeconomic 
headwinds as do our shareholders. For instance, despite the achievement of the majority of required 
STI  thresholds  in 2023,  in  the  context  of  our  share  prices  performance,  we  exercised  discretion  to 
further reduce and pay out only 33% of the STI target opportunity. 

The following table summarises total remuneration for each of the executive KMPs (as defined below) 
for 2023 showing the grant date fair values of the equity grants.  

Fixed Remuneration (USD$) 

Variable Remuneration (USD$) 

Name 

Cash Salary 

Post- 
Employment 
Benefits 

Annual Leave 
Entitlements 

Non-
Monetary 
Benefits 

STI 

Performance/Share 
Rights 

Options1 

Total 
(USD$) 

C Burns2 

659,571 

11,469 

25,648 

1,915 

215,562 

1,106,175 

60,594 

2,080,934 

N Liveris 

405,833 

11,250 

15,653 

26,594 

134,310 

325,469 

12,065 

923,482 

R Buttar 

380,469 

5,720 

14,675 

8,401 

125,916 

573,629 

- 

1,094,387 

The following table shows the total remuneration realised by our executive KMPs in 2023, based on 
the value of outstanding equity awards that vested or were exercised during the year, excluding 
post-employment and annual leave entitlements:  

Fixed Remuneration 
(USD$) 

Name 

Cash Salary 

STI 

C Burns 

659,571 

215,562 

N Liveris 

R Buttar 

405,833 

134,310 

380,469 

125,916 

Variable Remuneration (USD$) 

Value Realised on 
Performance Rights 
with Performance-
Based Vesting 

- 

- 

- 

Value Realised on 
Performance 
Rights with Only 
Time-Based 
Vesting 
- 

- 

103,9003 

Value Realised on 
Options Exercised 

Total (USD$) 

- 

- 

- 

875,133 

540,143  

610,285 

Additionally, a discussion of our 2024 remuneration is included under “Our Response to Last Year’s 
AGM Vote.”  

1 Represents options held by the relevant KMP during the 2023 fiscal year. No options were granted during the 2023 fiscal 
year. 
2 Cash salary amounts for Chris Burns throughout this remuneration report represent the USD translated amount of the 
salary he received in CAD. 
3 Value converted from AUD. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL (KMPS) COVERED BY THE REMUNERATION REPORT 

This remuneration report discusses the compensation of the key management personnel listed below 
(defined  under  Australian  rules  as  individuals  who  have  authority  and  responsibility  for  planning, 
directing, and controlling the activities of the Company, directly or indirectly, including all Directors). 

Name 
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS 
R Natter 

Position 

Independent Chairman 

D Akerson 

Independent Non-executive Director 

Country 

Term as KMP in FY2023  

United 
States 
United 
States 

Full year 

Resigned effective 20 
December 2023 

A Bellas 

Independent Deputy Chairman 

Australia 

Full year 

R Cooper 

Independent Non-executive Director 

Australia 

Resigned effective 5 April 
2023 

R Edmonds 

Independent Non-executive Director 

Z Golodryga 

Non-executive Director 

United 
States 
United 
States 

Full year 

Resigned effective 7 
September 2023 

A Liveris 

Non-executive Director 

Australia 

Full year 

J Oelwang 

Independent Non-executive Director 

S Vaidyanathan 

Non-executive Director 

United 
States 
United 
States 

Full year 

Appointed effective 7 
September 2023 

EXECUTIVE KMP 
C Burns  

N Liveris 

R Buttar  

Chief Executive Officer 

Canada 

Full year 

Chief Financial Officer 

Chief Legal & Administrative Officer 

United 
States 
United 
States 

Full year 

Full year 

There have been no changes to KMPs, both since the end of the reporting period and as of the date 
of this remuneration report. As previously announced, effective 28 February 2024, Sharan Burrow AC 
will be joining the Board as an independent non-executive Director and member of the Remuneration 
Committee. 

KMP REMUNERATION GOVERNANCE 

Role of the Remuneration Committee 

The Board is responsible for the Company’s remuneration strategy. The Remuneration Committee, 
comprised of a majority of independent, non-executive Directors, advises the Board on remuneration 
policies and practices generally, and makes specific recommendations on remuneration package and 
other terms of employment for executive KMPs and non-executive Directors. Individual pay structures 
and  outcomes  are  developed  in  consultation  with  external  and  independent  remuneration 
consultants, and reviewed and approved by the Remuneration Committee, which then recommends 
them for approval to the Board.  

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

In  making  recommendations  to  the  Board,  the  Remuneration  Committee  considers,  among  other 
things, relevant market trends and practices, individual roles and responsibilities, legal and regulatory 
requirements, diversity (including with respect to gender), and feedback from shareholders and other 
stakeholders. This governance structure is aimed at ensuring that our remuneration program aligns 
the pay of our management team with shareholder value, within the context of our Company’s unique 
situation as a dual-listed Australian company in a critical growth stage with a management team and 
operations based entirely in North America. 

Role of Management 

Although  the  Remuneration  Committee  ultimately  is  responsible  for  reviewing  and  making 
recommendations  to  the  Board  for  the  Company’s  remuneration  policies  and  framework,  the 
Remuneration Committee may receive input from the management team, which it reviews closely. 
The Remuneration Committee, at its discretion, may invite representatives of management and other 
employed  personnel  to  attend  committee  meetings.  Our  executive  KMPs  do  not  participate  in 
Remuneration Committee discussions about their own remuneration and may not have any indirect 
conflict in setting the remuneration of other KMPs. As discussed under “Oversight of Changes to our 
Remuneration  Program,”  the  Remuneration  Committee  met  with  management  extensively 
throughout 2023 to evaluate the remuneration strategy for 2024. 

Role of Consultants 

When appropriate, the Remuneration Committee will seek advice or recommendations from external 
and  independent  expert  consultants,  including  benchmarking  studies.  In  2023,  the  Remuneration 
Committee  retained  AON  Consulting  Inc.  (“AON”),  which  advised  on  various  remuneration-related 
items,  including  peer  group  development,  market  practices,  industry  trends,  investor  views,  and 
market  data.  Advice  provided  by  consultants  during  the  year  did  not  constitute  a  “remuneration 
recommendation” as defined in section 9B of the Corporations Act and was received free from any 
undue influence by KMPs to whom the advice related. Furthermore, our Remuneration Committee 
concluded  that  AON  is  “independent”  pursuant  to  Rule  5605(d)(3)  of  The  Nasdaq  Stock  Market 
(“Nasdaq”). 

Remuneration Peer Group  

To  understand  the  external  market  competitiveness  of  the  compensation  for  our  KMPs,  our 
independent  executive  remuneration  consultant  analyzes  publicly  available  information  and 
compares the compensation of each KMP to data for comparable positions at companies in our peer 
group and provides a report to the Remuneration Committee. The Remuneration Committee reviews 
our peer group periodically, with input from its independent executive remuneration consultant. In 
creating  the  peer  group,  our  independent  executive  remuneration  consultant  considers  various 
factors, including: (i) relative size to our Company (revenue, market capitalisation, and other relevant 
criteria); and (ii) nature of business (business focus, model, and location).  

The 2023 compensation peer group consisted of 18 companies publicly traded in the United States in 
various  industries,  including  electronic  equipment  and  instruments,  specialty  chemicals,  electrical 
components and equipment, automobile manufacturers, automotive retail, construction machinery  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

and heavy transportation equipment, environmental and facilities services, and diversified metals and 
mining, with revenues generally less than USD$1 billion. 

OUR RESPONSE TO LAST YEAR’S AGM VOTE  

At  last  year’s  AGM,  40%  of  the  votes  cast  at  the  meeting  voted  against  the  adoption  of  the 
remuneration report and a “first strike” was recorded. A “first strike” occurs under Australian rules 
when more than 25% of the votes cast at the meeting voted against the adoption of the remuneration 
report. In this section, we discuss how we engaged with shareholders, what we heard from them, and 
how we considered their valued input in creating our 2024 remuneration program and enhancing the 
disclosures in this remuneration report.  

Outreach to Shareholders 

We  remain  committed  to  listening  to  our  shareholders  as  we  continually  review  and  evaluate  our 
remuneration program. We maintain an ongoing, proactive outreach effort with our shareholders and 
regularly engage with our shareholders to seek their input, to remain well-informed regarding their 
perspectives,  and  to  help  increase  their  understanding  of  our  business.  As  part  of  that  ongoing 
commitment  and  to  understand  the  concerns  that  gave  rise  to  the  prior  year’s  voting  results,  we 
engaged extensively with our shareholders and proxy advisors in the latter half of 2023.  

We  believe  that  our  shareholder  engagement  program  was  robust.  Close  to  a  majority  of  our 
shareholders are individual and retail investors, many of which, to the extent they voted at last year’s 
AGM, are either unidentifiable or hold less than 100,000 shares. Additionally, at our last AGM, more 
than one third of all shares outstanding were held by current and former insiders and Phillips 66. All 
former insiders voted for the adoption of our remuneration report. Phillips 66 was not permitted to 
vote toward the remuneration report due to restrictions under Australian law.  

Company Participants 
✓  Chairperson of the Board  
✓  Deputy Chairperson of the Board  
✓  Chairperson of the Remuneration 

Committee  

✓  Chief Legal and Administrative 

Officer 

Results of Outreach 
Shareholders We Contacted: 
• 

21 of our largest shareholders 

Shareholders We Met or Spoke with Individually: 
•  More than 70% of shareholders who voted against 

remuneration at 2023 AGM 
Two of our four largest shareholders after Phillips 66 
Seven of our largest shareholders overall 

• 
• 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

The  resulting  discussions  provided  consistent  and  valuable  feedback  that  reflected  the  following 
views: 

✓ 

✓ 

✓ 

✓ 

✓ 

✓ 

Our  current  management  team  is  well-respected  and  critical  to  the  growth  of  our 
business, and competition for talent in our sector is fierce. 

Recent enhancements to communication with shareholders were well-received. 

Investors have long-term confidence in the Company and believe pay should be better 
aligned  with  performance,  including  with  regard  to  share  price  and  other  operational 
metrics. 

The Company is in a unique and complex situation with respect to its geography, market, 
industry, and growth stage. 

A  better  understanding  of  benchmarking  against  industry  compensation  would  be 
helpful, in part given our primary listing in Australia. 

Greater understanding of financial/non-financial metrics impacting our profitability, as 
well as disclosure around compensatory performance metrics and their achievement, is 
key. 

Oversight of Changes to our Remuneration Program 

After the AGM, the Remuneration Committee met extensively with management, our independent 
executive  remuneration  consultant,  and  other  external  advisors  to  develop  a  long-term  plan  for 
improving the alignment of our remuneration program with enhancing shareholder value. A total of 
15  meetings  were  held.  The  Remuneration  Committee  considered  the  following  criteria  in  its 
deliberations: 

responsiveness to shareholder and proxy advisor concerns 

• 
•  balancing  the  expectations  of  the  Australian  market  with  the  reality  of  operating  and 

competing in the North American market 

•  execution on our business plan 
•  appropriate compensation philosophy 
•  peer practices in the U.S., along with expectation of Australian investors of pay in their local 

market. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Results of Shareholder Outreach and Changes to our Remuneration Program  

In response to shareholder and proxy advisor concerns, we committed to reforming our remuneration 
program  for  2024,  and  to  include enhanced  disclosures  in this  2023  remuneration  report.  The  key 
changes made to the 2024 remuneration program are as follows: 

What We Heard 

What We Did 

Remuneration was not 
sufficiently aligned with 
performance.  
STI performance criteria: STIs 
should be more closely aligned to 
well-understood quantitative and 
financial metrics.  

STI performance criteria: STI 
payouts should better reflect 
negative share price 
performance.  

Long-term incentive (“LTI”) 
performance criteria: With STI 
payouts linked to business goals, 
LTI payouts should be better 
linked to share price 
performance. LTI payouts should 
also be based on multi-year 
performance.  

LTI performance criteria: LTI 
payouts should align with longer-
term business goal of achieving 
revenues.  
Size of equity grants was not in 
line with market practise for 
Australia. 
LTI quantum: Generally, local 
Australian companies pay their 
executives LTIs of a more modest 
quantum.  
Director compensation: Market in 
Australia is to pay directors LTIs 
with a lower value.  
Investors could benefit from 
enhanced disclosure of 
performance metrics.  

For STIs granted in 2024, goals include forward-looking revenue and revenue in-
hand (aggregate 25% weight), budget variance (10% weight) and access to capital 
(10% weight), with the rest made of up strategic, operational, and people/ESG-
based metrics, in light of our continued emphasis on scaling our business as a 
growth-stage company. 

For STIs granted in 2024, the Remuneration Committee retains discretion to reduce 
annual STI payout based on negative annual TSR and other factors, thus further 
aligning our management’s interests with those of shareholders.  

For LTI awards granted in 2024, all performance rights vest based on corporate 
performance, with none vesting solely based on time. Payouts are measured based 
on achievement of relative TSR (versus a peer group of 20 companies primarily 
focused in the diversified metals and electronic equipment industries) over a three-
year performance period and are capped at the target opportunity. Performance 
rights require a minimum level of relative TSR (35th percentile) to achieve any 
payout, regardless of revenue earned, and a relative TSR of at least 60th percentile to 
pay out at the highest level. This establishes a rigorous framework for evaluating 
Company performance and is directly aligned with shareholders’ interests.  
Performance rights granted in 2024 also include a revenue modifier based on the 
attainment of a three-year revenue goal (with the payout still capped at the target 
opportunity). The addition of this modifier reinforces our focus on top-line revenue 
growth, a core metric for effectively scaling and growing the business.  

For LTIs granted in 2024, awarded LTI opportunities with a quantum substantially 
below the median of our U.S. peer group.  

For 2024, Director LTI quantum reduced 50% in value from the prior year. 

This 2023 remuneration report includes enhanced detail of: 
• 
how 2023 incentives and payouts were determined; 
• 
greater context around the “why” of our remuneration design and key decisions 
• 
our compensation governance  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

In addition, the Company changed its fiscal year-end from June 30 to December 31. As a consequence 
of  this  change,  Directors  were  scheduled  to  receive  share  rights  for  the  period  1  July  2023  to  31 
December 2023 (“2023 partial year”) to align with the new fiscal year-end. Shareholders approved the 
2023 partial year share rights; however, they were not issued and will not be issued. The Board has 
determined that one Director shall be granted his share rights for the period from his appointment in 
October 2022 to 30 June 2023, subject to shareholder approval. We view this as an additional sign to 
shareholders of the Board’s long-term commitment to the team and Company. See “Non-Executive 
Director Remuneration.” 

OUR REMUNERATION STRATEGY 

As discussed in “Remuneration and our 2023 Performance,” our remuneration strategy is informed by 
both U.S. and Australian pay practices, our market, industry, and growth stage, and is designed to 
ensure we can: 

•  attract  and  retain  experienced  leaders  and  key  employees  in  the  markets  in  which  the 

• 

• 

Company operates in a highly specialised and competitive industry, 
link  remuneration  with  performance  to  align  pay  outcomes  with  value  created  for  the 
Company and its shareholders, 
reward  performance  that  will  support  our  long-term  strategic  growth,  business  objectives, 
innovation, and a strong culture, 

•  encourage an ownership mentality across all levels of the Company. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
These strategic priorities have led us to implement the following pay practices in 2023 and 2024: 

ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Performance-Based Remuneration 

Rationale 

Fixed Remuneration1 

Attracts and retains key 
personnel via competitive 
baseline pay and provides a 
level of cash income 
predictability and stability.  

Short-Term Incentives 
Focuses attention on 
corporate KPIs that 
promote achievement of 
strategic objectives and 
shareholder wealth.  

Long-Term Incentives 
Serves multi-pronged 
purpose: 
• retains employees 
• provides a framework for 
increasing shareholder 
value and business 
performance through key 
objectives that we believe 
are critical to long-term 
profitability 
• conserves cash 
Performance rights in our 
ordinary shares (in 2023, 
both performance-vesting 
and time-vesting, and in 
2024, performance-vesting 
only).  
Granted annually. For 
performance-vesting grants, 
Remuneration Committee 
sets multi-year performance 
goals upon grant at beginning 
of year and assesses their 
achievement after a typical 3-
year period.  
Opportunity set based on 
target number of shares. 
Actual pay outcomes 
following vesting are variable 
subject to share price 
fluctuations and/or the 
achievement of performance 
criteria. 
For 2023, revenue. For 2024, 
relative TSR with a revenue 
modifier.  

Delivered as 

Cash 

Cash 

Process 

Set annually. 

Quantum of 
opportunity 

Set according to each KMP’s 
accountabilities, experience 
and qualifications, and 
market relativities.  

Performance 
criteria 

N/A 

Granted annually. 
Remuneration Committee 
sets one-year performance 
goals upon grant at 
beginning of year and 
assesses their achievement 
after end of that year.  

Opportunity set as a 
percentage of fixed 
remuneration. Pay 
outcomes are variable 
based on the achievement 
of performance criteria and 
Remuneration Committee’s 
discretion. 
Corporate KPIs (business 
milestones), allowing use of 
negative discretion. 

N/A 

1 year. 

3 years. 

Performance 
and service 
period 
Cessation of 
employment 

N/A 

Unvested performance rights 
are forfeited, unless Board 
exercises discretion. 
1 Fixed remuneration includes cash salary, post-employment benefits, annual leave entitlements and non-monetary 
benefits. 

No award will be made to 
employees who have 
ceased employment. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

OUR REMUNERATION MIX 

Our Remuneration Committee reviews and recommends to the Board the remuneration strategy for 
our KMPs annually to ensure it remains aligned to our business needs and outcomes. In our current, 
early stage of growth, setting quantitative target performance levels can be challenging. This is further 
complicated  by  rapidly  shifting  market  and  regulatory  conditions.  The  majority  of  our  target 
compensation is performance-based and at risk, and, for our CEO, focused on long-term performance. 
Our 2024 pay mix also reflects a significant reduction in LTI opportunity (without a significant change 
in cash salary and STI opportunity levels). 

REMUNERATION OUTCOMES FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023  

Cash Salary/Fixed Remuneration 
The Remuneration Committee provides guidance in setting cash salaries for the Company’s KMPs at 
levels that reflect the Remuneration Committee’s assessment of competitive compensation averages 
within our peer group for individuals with similar responsibilities at companies with similar financial, 
operating  and  industry  characteristics,  in  similar  locations.  The  members  of  the  Remuneration 
Committee  also  evaluate  KMP  compensation  using  their  accumulated  individual  knowledge  and 
industry experience, as well as publicly available compensation information with respect to companies 
within our peer group.  

In 2023, the Remuneration Committee increased our KMPs’ cash salaries in amounts ranging from 2% 
to 5%, as a cost-of-living adjustment, as shown below.  

KMP  

Chris Burns 

Nick Liveris 

Rashda Buttar 

Short-term Incentives 

2022 Cash Salary 
(USD$) 
$637,738 

2023 Cash Salary 
(USD$) 
$653,217 

$400,513 

$361,944 

$407,000 

$381,563 

% Change 

2% 

2% 

5% 

The  purpose  of  our  STIs  is  to  motivate  and  reward  our  KMPs  for  the  attainment  of  measurable 
performance  objectives,  including annually  set  goals  for financing,  strategic,  and  operational 
performance in line with KPIs. These are criteria that management is focused on for the Company in 
our  current  growth  stage.  The  KPIs  are  the  same  among  all  KMPs  and  measure  the  Company’s 
achievement during the fiscal year. Financial metrics do not currently make up the majority of KPIs 
given that we remain focused on scaling the business and that certain of our long-term incentives 
already include a revenue metric. 

During the year for which performance is measured, each KMP receives an STI target award, which is 
a percentage of their salary for that year. Following the end of the year, Company performance against 
each KPI is measured. The level of achievement on each KPI is multiplied by the relative weight for 
that KPI, which then translates to a defined payout expressed as a percentage of the target STI. 

For 2023, the target STI was 100% of salary for all KMPs. The table below shows the STI objectives and 
outcomes for the fiscal year. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Metric 
Category 
(Weighting)  
NAM 
Operational 
(35%) 

Goals 

Product reaching customer specifications 

Definition of mass production equipment and 
process 

Equipment on site or on order to align with 
production targets 

Customer off-take agreements 

Engineering progress on Greenfield facility 

% of Total STI 
Assuming 
Highest Rating 
7.0% 

NAM Operational Subtotal 

Secure target funding for Greenfield facility 

Financing (25%) 

Secured funding relative to ongoing operational 
spend 

Financing Performance Subtotal 

Strategy 
(20%) 

Secure cathode technology partnership 
Secure non-US partner for anode materials 
expansion plan 

Establish key ESG program metrics and disclosures 

Strategy Subtotal 

BTS Operational 
(10%) 

Develop long term strategic partnerships at BTS 
Cathode material performance meeting targets 
Data solution customer onboarding 

BTS Operational Subtotal 

People 
(10%) 

TRIFR targets 
Employee engagement metrics 
Employee retention metrics 

People Subtotal 

STI Performance Ratio 

STI Payout Ratio Approved by the Committee and Board 

7.0% 

7.0% 

7.0% 

7.0% 

12.5% 

12.5% 

6.7% 
6.7% 

6.7% 

3.3% 
3.3% 
3.3% 

3.3% 
3.3% 
3.3% 

Rating 

80% 

90% 

80% 

50% 

25% 

20% 

80% 

0% 
100% 

100% 

33% 
90% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 

Outcome as 
% of total 
STI 
5.6% 

6.3% 

5.6% 

3.5% 

1.8% 

22.8% 

2.5% 

10% 

12.5% 

0% 
6.7% 

6.7% 
13.4% 
1.1% 
3% 
3.3% 
7.4% 
3.3% 
3.3% 
3.3% 
10% 

66% 

33% 

The  Remuneration  Committee  assessed  the  Company’s  performance  of  KPIs  for  the  financial  year 
ended 31 December 2023 as achieving 66% of target. This reflects achievement of several significant 
operational,  financial,  and  people  goals.  Despite  the  achievement  of  the  majority  of  required  STI 
thresholds, in the context of the share price performance in the year, the Remuneration Committee 
recommended that the Board exercise its discretion to further reduce and pay out only 50% of the 
calculated STI to ensure KMP remuneration is aligned to enhancing shareholder value. This represents 
a significant reduction from the payout of 77.5% for the six-month period ending 31 December 2022. 
This led to the following payouts for 2023, which the Company believes reflects the close link between 
the STI remuneration and the Company performance during the financial year.  

KMP  

Cash 
(USD$) 

Salary 

STI Target (%) 

Chris Burns 

Nick Liveris 

Rashda Buttar 

$653,217 

$407,000 

$381,563 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Achieved 
Performance 
Ratio 
66% 

66% 

66% 

STI 
Payout 
Ratio 
33% 

33% 

33% 

Actual 
Payout 
(USD$) 
$215,562 

$134,310 

$125,916 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Long-term Incentives 
Performance rights  

KMPs  participate  in  the  LTIP,  composed  of  grants  of  performance  rights  with  varying  vesting 
conditions. The dollar value of the LTI award is converted into a fixed number of performance rights 
based on the market value of NOVONIX shares at the time of grant.  

In  2023,  we  granted  both  performance  rights,  including  performance  rights  vesting  based  on  the 
achievement  of  performance  criteria,  such  as  corporate  goals,  and  those  vesting  only  based  on 
continued service over time (referred to in this remuneration report as vesting based on “time”) to 
the Company, as follows:  

      Performance 
Rights Vesting 
Based on 
Performance 
(Target 
Opportunity)(#) 
802,435 

Details Regarding Vesting 
Criteria 

Vest subject to achievement 
of revenue, for the 12-
month period preceding 
vesting date (31 December 
2025) as follows: 

Performance 
Rights 
Vesting Only 
Based on 
Time(#) 

802,436 

Details 
Regarding 
Vesting 
Criteria 

Vest subject 
to continued 
employment  

Total 
Rights(#) 

1,604,871 

274,517 

274,518 

549,035 

KMP 

Chris 
Burns 

Nick 
Liveris 

Rashda 
Buttar 

126,701 

• 

• 

0-50% of target 
opportunity for revenue 
up to USD$50M 
(calculated using linear 
interpolation). 
50-100% of target 
opportunity for revenue 
from USD$50M - 
$125M+ (calculated 
using linear 
interpolation, capped at 
100%).  

126,700 

253,401 

The mix of performance-and time-based grants, the performance criteria used, and three-year vesting 
period for all awards were unchanged in 2023 from 2022. Payouts of performance-vesting rights are 
capped at target. 

The performance rights (both performance and time-based rights) listed above were granted to Mr. 
Liveris on 5 April 2023 and to Mr. Burns and Ms. Buttar on 13 April 2023. Any unvested performance 
rights will lapse. The long-term incentives will be issued as performance rights under the Company’s 
existing Performance Rights Plan. 

The  Remuneration  Committee  believes  that  the  performance  criteria  in  the  performance  rights 
provide challenging but appropriate incentives to KMPs given our focus on producing revenue over 
the coming years and our recognition of the necessary runway for achieving that goal.  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Options 
No options were awarded to executive KMPs during the 2023 financial year. 

OTHER ASPECTS OF OUR REMUNERATION PROGRAM 

Share Ownership Guidelines  

To  further  align  the  interests  of  our  non-executive  Directors  and  other  leadership  with  those  of 
shareholders,  the  Company  has  adopted  share  ownership  guidelines.  These  require  (1)  each  non-
executive Director (other than those who do not receive remuneration from us, as further described 
below) to retain ordinary shares having a value of at least three times the annual cash retainer fee and 
(2) the Chief Executive Officer to retain ordinary shares having a value equal to three times his annual 
salary. Until reaching the required ownership level, non-executive Directors covered by the guidelines 
and the Chief Executive Officer are required to retain at least 50% of their shares, net of applicable tax 
withholding  and  the  payment  of  any  exercise  or  purchase  price  (if  applicable),  received  upon  the 
vesting or settlement of equity awards or the exercise of share options. Each non-executive Director 
covered by the guidelines and the Chief Executive Officer has five years to comply with the guidelines, 
and options and unvested performance rights do not count toward the requirement. The following 
shows compliance with the ownership guidelines as of 31 December 2023: 

KMP 

Share Ownership Guideline 
(Multiple of Salary or Retainer) 
3x cash salary 

Share Ownership as of  
31 December 2023 
Guidelines met 

3x cash retainer 

C Burns 
Non-executive 
Directors* 
*  Does  not  include  Ms.  Golodryga  and  Mr.  Vaidyanathan,  who  are  not  permitted  to  receive  remuneration, 
including any equity incentives, in their personal capacity under the terms of their employment with Phillips 66 
and terms of engagement with the Company (all of whose equity grants are paid or granted directly to Phillips 
66). 

Guidelines met** 

**  Non-executive  Directors  who  joined  the  Company  in  the  past  two  years  have  not  yet  met  the  required 
ownership level but retain at least 50% of their shares as required.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL REPORT - 31 DECEMBER 2023 

Clawback Policy 

We maintain a clawback policy as required by the rules of Nasdaq. Our clawback policy covers each of 
our current and former executive officers (i.e., executive KMPs). The policy provides that, subject to 
the limited exemptions provided by the Nasdaq rules, if the Company is required to restate its financial 
results  due  to  material  noncompliance  with  financial  reporting  requirements  under  the  securities 
laws, the Remuneration Committee must reasonably promptly seek recovery of any cash or equity-
based incentive compensation (including vested and unvested equity) paid or awarded to the covered 
individual,  to  the  extent  that  the  compensation  (i)  was  based  on  erroneous  financial  data  and  (ii) 
exceeded  what  would  have  been  paid  to  the  executive  officer  under  the  restatement.  Recovery 
applies to any such excess cash or equity-based bonus/other incentive compensation received by any 
covered individual, while he/she was an executive officer, on or after 2 October 2023 during the three 
completed  fiscal  years  immediately  preceding  the  date  on  which  the  Company  determines  an 
accounting  statement  is  required.  For  more  information,  see  the  full  text  of  our  claw-back  policy, 
which is filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 20-F. 

REMUNERATION EXPENSES FOR KMPS 

The following table details the remuneration expenses recognised for the Company’s KMPs and non-
executive Directors, for the current period and previous financial year measured in accordance with 
accounting standard requirements. 

40 

 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2023 – All amounts are shown in USD$. 

Fixed Remuneration 

Variable Remuneration 

Name 

Key Management Personnel 

Cash Salary 

Post- 
Employment 
Benefits 

Annual Leave 
entitlements 

Non-Monetary 
Benefits1 

STI 

Performance/ 
Share Rights 

Options2 

Total 

659,571 

11,469 

25,648 

1,915 

215,562 

1,106,175 

C Burns 

N Liveris 

R Buttar 

Non-executive Directors 
D Akerson 
(Ceased 20/12/2023) 

A Bellas 
R Cooper  
(Ceased 5/04/2023) 

R Edmonds 
Z Golodryga 
(ceased 7/9/2023) 

A Liveris 

R Natter 

J Oelwang  
S Vaidyanathan 
(appointed 7/9/2023) 

405,833 

380,469 

63,333 

92,743 

17,281 

60,000 

41,500 

45,241 

116,000 

68,125 

18,034 

11,250 

5,720 

- 

9,974 

1,814 

- 

- 

4,865 

- 

- 

- 

7,961 

252 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

26,594 

134,310 

325,469 

60,594 

12,065 

2,080,934 

923,482 

8,401 

125,916 

573,629 

- 

1,094,387 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

22,593 

5,476 

31,943 

22,593 

22,593 
22,593 

22,593 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

63,333 

125,310 

24,571 

91,943 

64,093 

72,699 
138,593 

90,718 

18,034 

Total KMP remuneration expensed 

1,968,130 

45,092 

33,861 

36,910 

475,788 

2,155,657 

72,659 

4,788,097 

1 Short-term benefits as per Corporations Regulation 2M.3.03(1) Item 6, primarily health insurance. 
2 Represents options held by the relevant KMP during the 2023 fiscal year.  No options were granted during the 2023 fiscal year.  

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six-month period ended 31 December 2022 – All amounts are shown in USD$. 

Name 

Key Management Personnel 

C Burns 

N Liveris 

R Buttar 

Non-executive Directors 
D Akerson 
(Appointed 27/10/2022) 

A Bellas 

R Cooper  
R Edmonds 
(Appointed 27/10/2022) 

Z Golodryga 

A Liveris 

R Natter 

J Oelwang  

Fixed Remuneration 

Variable Remuneration 

Cash Salary 

Post- 
Employment 
Benefits 

Non-Monetary 
Benefits1 

STI 

Performance/ 
Share Rights 

Options 

Total 

303,971 

200,000 

185,250 

9,583 

45,547 

33,582 

10,000 

30,000 

23,318 

56,388 

30,708 

5,714 

4,527 

- 

- 

4,782 

3,526 

- 

- 

2,448 

- 

- 

975 

9,536 

4,422 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

250,635 

2,270,362 

155,000 

600,418 

108,984 

677,226 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

112,8572 

112,8572 

- 

112,8572 
112,8572 
126,9712 
130,6772 

11,394 

2,445 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,843,051 

971,926 

975,882 

9,583 

163,186 

149,965 

10,000 

142,857 

138,623 
183,359 

161,385 

Total KMP remuneration expensed 

928,347 

20,997 

14,933 

514,619 

4,257,082 

13,839 

5,749,817 

1 Short-term benefits as per Corporations Regulation 2M.3.03(1) Item 6, primarily health insurance. 
2 Revised to reflect the appropriate vesting period for the FY23 Share Rights award, resulting in an increase of $44,099 in performance/share rights for each of A Bellas, R Cooper, A Liveris, J Oelwang, R Natter and Z Golodryga. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contractual Arrangements with KMPs 

Component 

Chris Burns 

Nick Liveris 

Rashda Buttar 

Annual fixed remuneration (USD$) 

Contract duration 

653,217 

Ongoing 
contract 

407,000 

381,563 

Ongoing 
contract 

Ongoing 
contract 

Notice by the individual / company 

3 months 

3 months 

3 months 

AON, an external remuneration consultant, is engaged to benchmark KMP salaries, with those salaries 
positioned at the 50th percentile of the peer group. KMP salaries also are set taking into account each 
KMP’s accountabilities, experience, and qualifications. 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR REMUNERATION 

Non-executive Director remuneration includes both a cash component and an annual grant of equity 
awards using a value-based approach by issuing share rights to non-executive Directors each financial 
year.  

At  the  2022  AGM,  the  shareholders  approved  the  granting  of  the  financial  year  2023  share  rights 
(covering the period 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023) to Directors. The number of share rights granted 
was calculated by dividing the value of the share rights (USD$110,000) by the closing share price of 
the Company’s shares on the ASX on 30 June 2022 and the USD$/AUD$ spot rate as of 30 June 2022. 
The share rights automatically vested on 30 June 2023.  

In addition, the Company changed its fiscal year-end from June 30 to December 31. As a consequence 
of  this  change,  Directors  were  scheduled  to  receive  share  rights  for  the  period  1  July  2023  to  31 
December 2023 (“2023 partial year”) to align with the new fiscal year-end. Shareholders approved the 
2023 partial year share rights; however, they were not issued and will not be issued. The Board has 
determined that one Director shall be granted his share rights for the period from his appointment in 
October 2022 to 30 June 2023, subject to shareholder approval. We view this as an additional sign to 
shareholders of the Board’s long-term commitment to the team and Company.  

In  addition,  and  with  effect  from  1  January  2024,  the  value  of  the  share  rights  to  be  granted  to 
Directors each year has been reduced from USD$110,000 to USD$55,000. 

If a non-executive Director is appointed during the financial year, the number of share rights to be 
issued comprises a pro-rata amount of the value of the share rights, based on the date of the non-
executive Director’s appointment, as a proportion of the financial year. The number of share rights is 
then calculated by dividing the value of the share rights by the closing share price of the Company’s 
shares on the ASX and the USD$/AUD$ spot rate on the trading day immediately prior to the non-
executive Director’s appointment.  

If a non-executive Director ceases to hold office as a Director prior to the vesting date, that person's 
share  rights  will  lapse,  and  they  will  be  entitled  to  a  pro-rata  amount  of  shares  representing  the 
proportion of the relevant financial year that such person was a non-executive Director. 

43 

 
 
 
 
Ms. Golodryga and Mr. Vaidyanathan are not permitted to receive remuneration, including any equity 
incentives, in their personal capacity under the terms of their employment with Phillips 66 and terms 
of engagement with the Company. Accordingly, all fees earned by, and all equity instruments granted 
to, Ms Golodryga and Mr. Vaidyanathan are paid or granted directly to Phillips 66. 

The table below shows the value of share rights that were granted, exercised and forfeited during the 
year ended 31 December 2023.  

2023 

D Akerson 

A Bellas 

R Cooper 

R Edmonds 

Z Golodryga 

A Liveris 

R Natter 

J Oelwang 

Non-executive Director share rights 

Number 
Granted 

Value 
Granted 
(AUD$)1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Value 
Exercised 
(AUD$)1 

- 

72,095 

54,910 

Number 
Forfeited 

- 

- 

Value 
Forfeited 
(AUD$)1 

- 

- 

16,684 

48,384 

65,405 

48,073 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

72,095 

72,095 

79,576 

81,540 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 Amounts are disclosed in AUD$ as the value is determined based on the ASX share price at grant date, which is denominated 
in AUD. 

The non-executive Directors received the following cash fees: 

Chairman 

Base non-executive Director fee 

Chair of Audit & Risk Committee 

Member of Audit & Risk Committee 

Chair of Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

Member of Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

Chair of Remuneration Committee 

Member of Remuneration Committee 

USD$  

106,000 

50,000 

20,000 

10,000 

10,000 

5,000 

15,000 

7,500 

The current base fees were reviewed with effect from 1 September 2022. 

The  maximum  annual  aggregate  non-executive  Directors’  fee  pool  limit  is  USD$700,000  (excluding 
share-based payments) and was approved by shareholders at the 2023 AGM. 

Any  Director  who  devotes  special  attention  to  the  business  of  the  Company,  or  who  otherwise 
performs services which in the opinion of the Directors are outside the scope of the ordinary duties of 
a Director may be paid extra remuneration as determined by the Directors, which will not form part 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
of the aggregate fee pool limit above. Non-executive Directors are not entitled to any performance-
related remuneration or retirement allowances outside of statutory superannuation entitlements.  

All non-executive Directors enter into a service agreement with the Company in the form of a letter 
of appointment. The letter summarises the Board policies and terms, including remuneration relevant 
to the office of Director. 

Additional Statutory Information 

Performance Based Remuneration Granted, Forfeited, and Cancelled During the Year 

The table below shows for each KMP how much of their STI cash bonus was awarded and how much 
was forfeited. It also shows the fair value of performance rights that were granted, exercised, forfeited 
and  cancelled  (where  applicable)  during  the  year  ended  31  December  2023.  The  number  of 
performance rights and percentages vested/forfeited for each grant are disclosed in section (ii) on 
page 50 below.  

2023 

C Burns 

N Liveris 

R Buttar 

Total STI Bonus 

Total STI 
Opportunity 
$ 

654,217 

407,000 

381,563 

Awarded 
% 

Forfeited 
% 

33% 

33% 

33% 

67% 

67% 

67% 

LTI Performance Rights 
Value 
Exercised 
AUD 
$* 

Value 
Granted 
AUD 
$ 
1,749,309 

664,332 

276,207 

- 

- 

155,738 

* The value at the exercise date of options/performance rights that were granted as part of remuneration and were exercised during the 

year has been determined as the intrinsic value of the options at that date. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(ii) 

Terms and conditions of the share-based payment arrangements 

Options 
The terms and conditions of each grant of options affecting remuneration in the current or a future 
reporting period are as follows: 

Name 
Grant Date 

Vesting 
Date 

Expiry Date 

Number 
Under 
Option 

Exercise 
Price 
AUD 
$ 

Value per 
Option at 
Grant Date 
AUD 
$ 

Performance 
Achieved 

Vested 
% 

C Burns 

13/03/2019 

30/09/2025~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

31/12/2025~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

31/07/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

30/09/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

30/11/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

31/12/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

31/08/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

30/09/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

31/10/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

13/03/2019 

30/11/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

850,000 

$0.50 

N Liveris 

21/11/2019 

30/09/2025~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

31/12/2025~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

31/07/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

30/09/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

30/11/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

31/12/2026~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

31/08/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

30/09/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

31/10/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

21/11/2019 

30/11/2027~ 

Cessation of employment 

250,000 

$0.50 

$0.54 

$0.55 

$0.56 

$0.56 

$0.57 

$0.57 

$0.57 

$0.57 

$0.58 

$0.58 

$0.36 

$0.37 

$0.38 

$0.38 

$0.39 

$0.39 

$0.39 

$0.39 

$0.40 

$0.40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

~ These options vest in 10 equal tranches upon the achievement of progressive incremental production milestones of 1,000 tonnes. The 
vesting dates in the table represent the current estimate of when the vesting conditions will be met, and the options can be exercised. 

The  number  of  options  over  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  provided  as  remuneration  to  key 
management personnel is shown in the table below  on page  49. The options carry no dividend or 
voting  rights.    When  exercisable,  each  option  is  convertible  into  one  ordinary  share  of  NOVONIX 
Limited. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Rights 
The terms and conditions of each grant of performance rights affecting remuneration in the current 
or a future reporting period are as follows: 

KMP 

Number 

Grant Date 

Vesting Date  Vesting Conditions 

C Burns 

1,412,000 

28/01/2022 

30/06/2024 

N Liveris 

667,831 

26/10/2022 

30/06/2024 

R Buttar 

255,238 

28/01/2022 

30/06/2024 

C Burns 

2,275,400 

26/10/2022 

30/06/2025 

N Liveris 

778,400 

26/10/2022 

30/06/2025 

R Buttar 

359,300 

26/10/2022 

30/06/2025 

C Burns 

1,604,871 

13/04/2023 

31/12/2025 

N Liveris 

549,035 

05/04/2023 

31/12/2025 

R Buttar 

253,401 

13/04/2023 

31/12/2025 

50% vest subject to continued 
employment at 30 June 2024 and 
50% vest subject to achievement of 
revenue for the period 1 July 2023 
to 30 June 2024: 

a)  0-50% of award for linear 
revenue up to USD$45M 

b)  50-100%  of  award 

for 
incremental 
revenue 
linearly  from  USD$45m  - 
$105m. 

50% vest subject to continued 
employment at 30 June 2025 and 
50% vest subject to achievement of 
revenue, for the 12-month period 
preceding vesting date as follows: 

a)  0-50%  of  award  for  linear 
revenue up to USD$75M 

b)  50-100% of award for 
incremental revenue 
linearly from USD$75m - 
$180m. 

50% vest subject to continued 
employment at 31 December 2025 
and 50% vest achievement of 
revenue targets for the 2025 
financial year as follows: 

a)  0-25%  of  award  for  linear 
revenue up to USD$50M 

b)  25-50% of award for 
incremental revenue 
linearly from USD$50m - 
$125m+. 

Grant Date 
Fair Value 
Per Unit 
(AUD$) 

$7.21 

$2.90 

$7.21 

$2.90 

$2.90 

$2.90 

$1.09 

$1.21 

$1.09 

R Buttar 
Tranche 1 
Tranche 2 
Tranche 3 

37,500 
37,500 
37,500 

6/10/2021 
6/10/2021 
6/10/2021 

22/04/2023 
22/04/2024 
22/04/2025 

Vest subject to continued service 
with the Company up to the 
vesting date. 

$4.92 
$4.92 
$4.92 

The number of performance rights over ordinary shares in the Company provided as remuneration to 
KMPs is shown on page 50. The performance rights carry no dividend or voting rights.  Rights granted 
are dependent on the recipient’s continued service, or achievement of performance related vesting 
conditions, by the vesting date.  

Upon vesting, each performance right is convertible into one ordinary share of NOVONIX Limited. If a 
KMP  ceases  employment  before  the  rights  vest,  the  rights  will  be  forfeited,  except  in  limited 
circumstances that they are approved by the Board on a case-by-case basis. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share Rights 
The  terms  and  conditions  of  each  grant  of  share  rights  affecting  remuneration  in  the  current  or  a 
future reporting period are as follows, for each of our non-executive Directors: 

Number 

Grant Date 

Vesting Date 

69,995 

69,995 

10,542 

54,863 

69,995 

69,995 

69,995 

69,995 

26/10/2022 

26/10/2022 

31/12/2023 

31/12/2023 

26/10/2022 

26/10/2022 

26/10/2022 

26/10/2022 

30/06/2023 

30/06/2023 

31/12/2023 

31/12/2023 

30/06/2023 

30/06/2023 

30/06/2023 

30/06/2023 

Grant Date Fair 
Value Per Unit 
AUD 
$ 
$2.90 

$2.90 

$0.735* 

$0.735* 

$2.90 

$2.90 

$2.90 

$2.90 

A Bellas 

R Cooper 

R Edmonds 

R Edmonds 

Z Golodryga 

A Liveris 

R Natter 

J Oelwang 

* Estimated grant date fair value at the end of the reporting period, subject to shareholder approval at the 2024 AGM. 

The number of share rights over ordinary shares in the Company provided as remuneration to key 
management personnel is shown on page 51. The share rights carry no dividend or voting rights.  

These share rights vest in full in one instalment based solely on service to us through the vesting date 
and do not have any performance related vesting conditions. 

Upon vesting, each share right is convertible into one ordinary share of NOVONIX Limited. If a non-
executive Director ceases to hold office before the share rights vest, the rights will vest on a pro rata 
basis representing the proportion of the relevant financial year that such a person served as a non-
executive Director. For example, if a non-executive Director who is issued share rights ceases to hold 
office halfway through the financial year, then that non-executive Director will only be entitled to half 
of the shares initially awarded. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
   
Reconciliation of options, performance rights, share rights and ordinary shares held by KMP 

(iii) 
The table below shows a reconciliation of options held by each KMP (to the extent they held any options at all) from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023. 

Options 

2023 
Name & Grant Dates 

R Natter 
  22 Nov 2018 
  31 July 2019 
R Cooper 
  22 Nov 2018 
A Liveris 
  31 July 2019 
C Burns 
  13 March 2019 
  24 May 2019 
N Liveris 
  31 July 2019 
  21 November 2019 

Balance at the Start of the 
Period 

Unvested 

Vested 

Granted as 
Compensation 

Vested 

Number 

% 

- 
- 

- 

- 

500,000 
1,000,000 

200,000 

9,000,000 

8,500,000 
- 

- 
1,000,000 

- 
2,500,000 

1,000,000 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

The amounts paid per ordinary share on the exercise of options at the date of exercise were as follows: 

Exercise Date 
23 March 2023 

29 August 2023 

Amount Paid Per Share 

$0.90 

$0.70 

No amounts are unpaid on any shares issued on the exercise of options. 

Balance at the End of the Period 

Exercised 

Expired 

(500,000) 
- 

- 
- 

Vested and 
Exercisable 

- 
1,000,000 

(66,666) 

(133,334) 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

Unvested 

- 
- 

- 

- 

9,000,000 

- 
1,000,000 

8,500,000 
- 

1,000,000 
- 

- 
2,500,000 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below shows how many performance rights were granted and vested during the period. No performance rights were forfeited during the period.  

Performance Rights 

Name & Grant Dates 
C Burns 
  28 January 2022 
  1 July 2022 
  1 January 2023 

N Liveris 
  28 January 2022 
  1 July 2022 
  1 January 2023 

R Buttar 
   6 October 2021 
   28 January 2022 
   1 July 2022 
  1 July 2022 
  1 January 2023 

Balance at the Start 
of the Period 

Unvested 

Vested 

Granted as 
Compensation 

Vested 
During the 
Period 

Exercised 
During the 
Period 

Lapsed 
During 
the 
Period 

Balance at the End of 
the Period 

Unvested 

Vested 

1,412,000 
2,275,400 
- 

667,831 
778,400 
- 

112,500 
255,238 
482,441 
359,300 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
1,604,871 

- 
- 
549,035 

- 
- 
- 
- 
253,401 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

37,500 
- 
120,610 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

1,412,000 
2,275,400 
1,604,871 

667,831 
778,400 
549,035 

75,000 
255,238 
361,831 
359,300 
253,401 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Maximum 
Value Yet 
to Vest* 
USD$ 

791,628 
1,220,332
534,639 

150,597 
417,468 
201,416 

61,556 
143,097 
251,324 
192,698 
84,417 

* 

The maximum value of the performance rights yet to vest has been determined as the amount of the grant date fair value of the rights that are yet to be expensed at 31 December 2023, converted at the USD$/AUD$ spot rate 
at 31 December 2023. The minimum value of deferred shares yet to vest is nil, as the shares will be forfeited if the vesting conditions are not met. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share Rights 
The table below shows a reconciliation of share rights held by each non-executive Director (to the extent they held any share rights at all) from 1 January 2023 to 31 
December 2023. 

Name & Grant Dates 

A Bellas 
    1 July 2022 
R Cooper 
  1 July 2022 
R Edmonds 
  31 December 2023 
  31 December 2023 
Z Golodryga 
  1 July 2022 
A Liveris 
  1 July 2022 
R Natter 
  1 July 2022 
J Oelwang 
  1 July 2022 

Balance at the Start 
of the Period 

Unvested 

Vested 

69,995 

69,995 

- 
- 

69,995 

69,995 

77,258 

79,165 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Granted as 
Compensation 

Vested & Exercised During 
the Period 

Forfeited During the 
Period 

Number 

% 

Number 

(69,995) 

100% 

- 

% 

- 

(53,311) 

76% 

(16,684) 

24% 

- 

- 

54,863* 
10,542* 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(69,995) 

100% 

(69,995) 

100% 

(77,258) 

100% 

(79,165) 

100% 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balance at the End of the 
Period 

Unvested 

Vested 

Maximum 
Value Yet 
to Vest^ 
US$ 

- 

- 

54,863 
10,542 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

^    The maximum value of the performance rights yet to vest has been determined as the amount of the grant date fair value of the rights that are yet to be expensed, converted at the USD$/AUD$ spot rate at 31 December 2023. 
The minimum value of deferred shares yet to vest is nil, as the shares will be forfeited if the vesting conditions are not met. 
* Granted subject to receipt of Shareholder approval at the 2024 AGM. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholdings 

Name 
Ordinary shares 
D Akerson 
A Bellas 
R Cooper 
R Edmonds 
Z Golodryga 
A Liveris 
R Natter 
J Oelwang 
S Vaidyanathan 
C Burns  
N Liveris 
R Buttar 
American Depository Receipts 
D Akerson 

Balance at the 
Start of the 
Period 

- 
2,412,374 
652,612 
- 
- 
9,198,794 
2,132,758 

- 
- 
3,448,936 
1,202,679 
37,500 

- 
- 
66,666 
- 
- 
- 
500,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Options 
Exercised 

Performance 
Rights Exercised 

Share Rights 
Exercised 

Other Changes 

Balance at the End 
of the Period 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

89,160 

- 

- 
69,995 
53,311 
- 
- 
69,995 
77,258 
79,165 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
116,9593 
(772,589)1 
- 
- 
360,000 
6,9842 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

(25,000)1 

- 
2,599,328 
- 

- 
- 
9,628,789 
2,717,000 

79,165 
- 
3,448,936 

1,202,679 
126,660 

- 

25,000 

- 

1 Shareholding on date of appointment/resignation   
2 On-market sale of 373,016 shares and purchase of 380,000 shares. 
3 On-market purchase of 116,959 shares. 

Loans with KMPs 

(iv) 
During the financial year there were no loans to executive KMP during the financial year (2022: Nil) 

Other transactions with KMPs 

(v) 
There have been no other transactions with KMPs. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reliance on external remuneration consultants 

(vi) 
The  Remuneration  Committee  engages  AON  to  review  its  remuneration  policies  and  to  provide 
recommendations on KMP cash salary, short-term and long-term incentive plan design. AON was engaged 
by the Remuneration Committee independently of management.  AON was paid USD$169,911 for these 
services during the year ended 31 December 2023.  

End of remuneration report (audited) 

53 

 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Shares Under Option and Performance Rights 

Unissued Ordinary Shares 

Unissued ordinary shares of NOVONIX Limited under option at the date of this report are as follows: 

Date Options Granted 

Expiry Date 

Exercise Price 
AUD 
$ 

Number Under Option 

Vested 

Unvested 

2 November 2018 

2 November 2023 

$0.55 

10,000 

- 

13 March 2019 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

- 

11,000,000 

14 March 2019 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

666,667 

24 May 2019 

5 August 2024 

$0.50 

1,000,000 

31 July 2019 

5 August 2024 

$0.50 

11,000,000 

21 November 2019 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

17 December 2019 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

4 February 2020 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

14 March 2021 

Cessation of employment 

$0.50 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,500,000 

1,000,000 

1,000,000 

33,334 

Unissued  ordinary  shares  of  NOVONIX  Limited  under  performance  right  at  the  date  of  this  report 
totalled  13,430,249.  400,000  of  the  performance  rights  expire  on  11/12/2025  with  the  balance 
expiring on cessation of employment of the holder. 4,631,721 of the performance rights on issue were 
granted during the financial period, 236,603 were granted subsequent to year end, with the remaining 
8,561,926 being granted in the prior financial years.   

There were no unissued ordinary shares of NOVONIX Limited under share rights at the date of this, 
however  514,844  share  rights  have  been  granted  to  Directors  during  the financial  year,  subject  to 
approval of Shareholders at the 2024 Annual General Meeting.  

No performance right holder or option holder has any right to participate in any other share issue of 
the Company or any other entity. 

Insurance of Officers and Indemnities 

Insurance of Officers 

During the financial period, NOVONIX Limited paid a premium of $3,962,922 to insure the Directors 
and Secretaries of the Company. 

The liabilities insured are legal costs that may be incurred in defending civil or criminal proceedings 
that may be brought against the officers in their capacity as officers of entities in the Group, and any 
other payments arising from liabilities incurred by the officers in connection with such proceedings. 
This does not include such liabilities that arise from conduct involving a wilful breach of duty by the 
officers or the improper use by the officers of their position or of information to gain advantage for 

54 

 
 
 
 
  
themselves or someone else or to cause detriment to the Company. It is not possible to apportion the 
premium between amounts relating to the insurance against legal costs and those relating to other 
liabilities.  

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Proceedings on Behalf of the Company 

No person has applied to the Court under section 237 of the Corporations Act 2001 for leave to bring 
proceedings on behalf of the Company, or to intervene in any proceedings to which the Company is a 
party,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  responsibility  on  behalf  of  the  Company  for  all  or  part  of  those 
proceedings.  

No proceedings have been brought or intervened in on behalf of the Company with leave of the Court 
under section 237 of the Corporations Act 2001.  

Audit and Non-Audit Services 

Details of amounts paid or payable to the auditor (PricewaterhouseCoopers Australia) for audit and 
non-audit services during the period are disclosed in Note 8 Auditor’s remuneration.  

The Company may decide to employ the auditor on assignments additional to their statutory audit 
duties  where  the  auditor’s  expertise  and  experience  with  the  Company  and/or  the  Group  are 
important.  

The Board has considered the position and, in accordance with advice received from the Audit & Risk 
Committee, is satisfied that the provision of the non-audit services is compatible with the general 
standard of independence for auditors imposed by the Corporations Act 2001. The Directors are 
satisfied that the provision of non-audit services by the auditor did not compromise the auditor 
independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 for the following reasons:  

• 

• 

all non-audit services have been reviewed by the Audit & Risk Committee to ensure they do 
not impact the impartiality and objectivity of the auditor 
none of the services undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set 
out in APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

A copy of the auditor’s independence declaration as required under section 307C of the Corporations 
Act 2001 is set out on page 56. 

This report is made in accordance with a resolution of Directors. 

R Natter 
Chairman 
Brisbane 28 February 2024 

End of Directors’ Report 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

As lead auditor for the audit of NOVONIX Limited for the year ended 31 December 2023, I declare that to 
the best of my knowledge and belief, there have been:  

(a) 

no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in 
relation to the audit; and 

(b) 

no contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. 

This declaration is in respect of NOVONIX Limited and the entities it controlled during the period. 

Michael Crowe 
Partner 
PricewaterhouseCoopers 

Brisbane 
28 February 2024 

PricewaterhouseCoopers, ABN 52 780 433 757  
480 Queen Street, BRISBANE QLD 4000, GPO Box 150, BRISBANE QLD 4001 
T: +61 7 3257 5000, F: +61 7 3257 5999, www.pwc.com.au  

Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement  

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

NOVONIX Limited and the Board are committed to achieving and demonstrating the highest standards 
of corporate governance. NOVONIX Limited has reviewed its corporate governance practices against 
the  Corporate  Governance  Principles  and  Recommendations  (4th  edition)  published  by  the  ASX 
Corporate Governance Council.  

The 2023 corporate governance statement is dated at 31 December 2023 and reflects the corporate 
governance  practices in  place  throughout  the  year  ended  31  December  2023. The  2023  corporate 
governance statement was approved by the Board on 28 February 2024. A description of the Group's 
current  corporate  governance  practices  is  set  out  in  the  Group's  corporate  governance  statement 
which can be viewed at https://www.novonixgroup.com/governance/.  

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

NOVONIX LIMITED  

ABN 54 157 690 830 

Financial Reports – 31 December 2023  

Financial statements 

Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income 
Consolidated balance sheet 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Directors’ declaration 
Auditor’s report 

Page 

59 
60 
61 
63 
64 
128 
129 

These financial statements are consolidated financial statements for the Group consisting of NOVONIX 
Limited and its subsidiaries. A list of major subsidiaries is included in note 28. 

The financial statements are presented in US dollars. 

NOVONIX Limited is a Company limited by shares, incorporated, and domiciled in Australia.  

All press releases, financial reports, and other information are available at our website: 
www.novonixgroup.com.  

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income  
For the year ended 31 December 2023 and six-months ended 31 December 2022  

All figures are reported in US$ 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

12 months 

6 months 

ended             

ended             

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

Notes 

US$ 

US$ 

Revenue from contracts with customers 

Product manufacturing and operating costs (exclusive of 
depreciation presented separately) 
Administrative and other expenses 
Borrowing costs 
Depreciation and amortisation expenses 
Loss on equity investment securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Research and development costs 
Nasdaq listing related expenses 
Share based compensation 
Employee benefits expense 
Gain on fair value of derivative financial instruments 
Foreign currency (loss)/gain 

Other income 

Loss before income tax expense 

Income tax (expense)/benefit 

Loss for the year 
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax 
Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 
Foreign exchange differences on translation of foreign 
operations 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

Net loss per share for loss from continuing operations 
attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the Company: 
Basic loss per share 
Diluted loss per share 

3 

5 
5 

5 

4 

6 

9 
9 

8,054,528 

2,702,276 

(2,817,269) 

(1,319,682) 

(18,863,896) 
(2,864,102) 
(4,740,135) 
                       -      
(5,750,574) 
                       -      
(5,621,959) 
(20,339,880) 
1,525,320 
1,359,857 

(11,481,647) 
(943,421) 
(2,572,019) 
- 
(2,020,656) 
- 
(5,354,429) 
(8,549,850) 
                       -    
1,360,308 

3,609,900 

315,106 

(46,448,210) 

(27,864,014) 

      199,949  

- 

(46,248,261) 

(27,864,014) 

(1,489,976) 

(2,445,538) 

(47,738,237) 

(30,309,552) 

(0.09) 
(0.09) 

(0.06) 
(0.06) 

The above consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in 
conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated balance sheet  
As at 31 December 2023 
All figures are reported in US$ 

ASSETS 
Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents  
Trade and other receivables 
Inventory 
Prepayments 

Escrow reserves 

Assets classified as held for sale 

Total current assets 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investment securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Right-of-use assets 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Intangible assets 

Other assets 

Total non-current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Contract liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 

Current tax liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Contract liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Derivative financial instruments 

Borrowings 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 

31-Dec-22 

Notes 

US$ 

US$ 

11 
12 
15 
13 

14 

18 

16 
17 
22 
18 
19 

20 
21 
22 
24 

21 
22 
23 

24 

78,713,885 
3,564,333 
2,000,808 
1,859,797 

794,500 

99,039,172 
2,847,229 
3,165,932 
1,958,269 

9,137,605 

86,933,323 

116,148,207 

2,219,952 

- 

89,153,275 

116,148,207 

139,793,447 
16,666,665 
4,484,521 
                         -      
11,990,309 

125,316,748 
16,490,271 
4,915,035 
2,212,013 
12,173,710 

1,254,826 

168,574 

174,189,768 

161,276,351 

263,343,043 

277,424,558 

5,760,061 
285,221 
345,933 
1,341,689 

6,954,464 
71,985 
353,378 
1,085,314 

107,458 

                      -    

7,840,362 

8,465,141 

3,000,000 
4,479,627 
866,278 

3,000,000 
4,825,560 
- 

63,220,501 

35,077,588 

71,566,406 

42,903,148 

79,406,768 

51,368,289 

183,936,275 

226,056,269 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated balance sheet (continued) 

As at 31 December 2023 
All figures are reported in US$  

EQUITY 
Contributed equity 
Reserves 

Accumulated losses 

Total equity 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 

31-Dec-22 

Notes 

US$ 

US$ 

25 
26 

338,425,286 
30,358,828 

338,108,198 
26,547,649 

(184,847,839) 

(138,599,578) 

183,936,275 

226,056,269 

The above consolidated balance sheet should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

For the year ended 31 December 2023 and six-months ended 31 December 2022  
All figures are reported in US$ 

Consolidated Group 

Balance at 1 July 2022 
Loss for the period 

Other comprehensive loss 

Total comprehensive loss 
Transactions with owners in their capacity as owners: 
Contributions of equity, net of transaction costs 

Share-based payments 

Balance at 31 December 2022 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

Total comprehensive loss 
Transactions with owners in their capacity as owners: 
Contributions of equity, net of transaction costs 

Share-based payments 

Balance at 31 December 2023 

Contributed 
equity  

Accumulated 
losses  

Share based 
payments 
reserve  

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

338,011,842 
- 

(110,735,564) 
(27,864,014) 

32,025,511 
- 

- 

- 

96,356 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,135,987 

Reserves 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve  
US$ 

(12,691,406) 
- 

(2,445,538) 

(2,445,538) 

- 

- 

Convertible 
loan note 
reserve  

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

4,523,095 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

251,133,478 
(27,864,014) 

(2,445,538) 

(30,309,552) 

96,356 

5,135,987 

338,108,198 

(138,599,578) 

37,161,498 

(15,136,944) 

4,523,095 

226,056,269 

- 

- 

- 

(46,248,261) 

- 

(46,248,261) 

317,088 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,301,155 

- 

(1,489,976) 

(1,489,976) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(46,248,261) 

(1,489,976) 

(47,738,237) 

317,088 

5,301,155 

338,425,286 

(184,847,839) 

42,462,653 

(16,626,920) 

4,523,095 

183,936,275 

The above consolidated statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated statement of cash flows 

For the year ended 31 December 2023 and six-months ended 31 December 2022 
All figures are reported in US$ 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Receipts from customers (inclusive of consumption tax) 
Payments to suppliers and employees  
(inclusive of consumption tax) 
Interest received 
Payment of borrowing costs 

Government grants received 

Consolidated 

12 months 
ended  
31-Dec-23 
US$ 

6 months 
ended  
31-Dec-22 
US$ 

Notes 

7,708,839 

4,095,716 

(45,629,733) 

(22,516,447) 

1,621,201 
(1,872,154) 

1,943,424 

18,242 
(898,461) 

434,379 

Net cash outflow from operating activities 

27 

(36,228,423) 

(18,866,571) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Payments for exploration assets 
Proceeds from release of escrow funds 
Payments for escrow funds 
Payments for security deposits 

Payments for property, plant and equipment 

Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds on issue of shares 
Payment of share issue expenses 
Proceeds from convertible loan note issues 
Payment of convertible notes issue expenses 
Payment of withholding tax – Performance Rights  
Proceeds from borrowings 
Principal elements of lease repayments 

Repayment of borrowings 

Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Effects of foreign currency 

29 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

11 

(13,665) 
8,343,107 
- 
(882,325) 

(18,534) 
1,887,579 
(934,628) 
- 

(19,182,131) 

(24,497,314) 

(11,735,014) 

(23,562,897) 

338,327 
(12,529) 
30,000,000 
(47,338) 
(295,043) 
752,831 
(353,378) 

(1,073,082) 

29,309,788 

(18,653,649) 
(1,671,638) 

99,039,172 
78,713,885 

12,061 
(8,024) 
- 
- 
(131,506) 
- 
(166,741) 

(483,620) 

(777,830) 

(43,207,298) 
(490,892) 

142,737,362 
99,039,172 

Non-cash financing and investing activities 

27(b) 

The above consolidated statement of cash flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended     
31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Basis of Preparation 
These general purpose financial statements of NOVONIX Limited and its subsidiaries have been prepared 
in  accordance  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards  (“AASB”),  as  issued  by  the  Australian  Accounting 
Standards  Board  (“AASB”).  NOVONIX  Limited  is  a  for-profit  entity  for  the  purpose  of  preparing  the 
financial  statements.  Material  accounting  policies  adopted  in  the  preparation  of  these  financial 
statements are presented below and have been consistently applied unless stated otherwise.  

Except for cash flow information, the financial statements have been prepared on an accruals basis and 
are based on historical costs, modified, where applicable, by the measurement at fair value of selected 
non-current assets, financial assets, and financial liabilities. 

Applying Materiality 

Management  provides  the  specific  accounting  policies  and  disclosures  required  by  IFRS  unless  the 
information is not applicable or is considered immaterial to the decision-making of the primary users of 
these financial statements. 

Going Concern 
The financial report has been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates continuity of normal 
business  activities  and  the  realisation  of  assets  and  settlement  of  liabilities  in  the  normal  course  of 
business. 

For the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2023, the Group incurred a net loss of $46.2 million 
(six-month  period  ended  31  December  2022:  $27.9  million)  and  net  operating  cash  outflows  of  $36.2 
million (six-month period ended 31 December 2022: $18.9 million). As at 31 December 2023, the Group 
has a cash balance of $78.7 million (31 December 2022: $99.0 million) and net current assets of $81.3 
million (31 December 2022: $107.7 million).  

The Group continues to execute its expansion plans to reach a production capacity of at least 150,000 
tpa. This will involve scaling operations in line with customer off-take agreements, as well as current and 
future customer demand. To fund these expansionary activities, which will primarily require significant 
capital  expenditure,  additional  funding  beyond  the  existing  cash  balance  at  December  31,  2023,  and 
forecasted customer inflows will be necessary.  

These conditions give rise to a material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt (or raise substantial 
doubt as contemplated by Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) standards) over the 
Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and therefore, that it may be unable to realise its assets 
and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

The ability of the Group to continue as a going concern is principally dependent upon one or more of the 
following: 

• 

• 

• 

the  ability  of  the  Group  to  raise  funds  as  and,  when  necessary,  from  either  customers, 
governments and/or investors in the form of debt, equity and/or grant funding 

the  successful  and  profitable  growth  of  the  battery  materials,  battery  consulting,  and 
battery technology businesses 

the ability of the Group to meet its cash flow forecasts. 

The directors believe that the going concern basis of preparation is appropriate as the Group has a strong 
history of being able to raise capital from debt and equity sources, most recently through the issue of 
US$30million of unsecured convertible loan notes to LGES during the period (note 23).  

In November 2023, the Group finalised its $100 million grant from the Office of Manufacturing & Energy 
Supply Chains (“MESC”) of the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) to expand domestic production of high-
performance, synthetic graphite anode materials at its Riverside facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee. No 
funds have been drawn against the grant as of 31 December 2023, and to the date of issuance of the 
financial statements.  

Should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern, it may be unable to realise its assets and 
discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business, and at amounts stated in the financial report. 

This financial report does not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of 
recorded asset amounts or the amounts or classification of liabilities and appropriate disclosures that may 
be necessary should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. 

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Directors on 28 February 2024. The Directors 
have the power to amend and reissue the financial statements. 

a. 

Principles of Consolidation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  all  subsidiaries  of 
NOVONIX  Limited  (‘Company’  or  ‘Parent  Entity’)  as  at  31  December  2023  and  the  results  of  all 
subsidiaries for the year then ended. NOVONIX Limited and its subsidiaries together are referred 
to in these financial statements as the ‘Group’. 

Subsidiaries are all those entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity 
when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity 
and has the ability to affect those returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity. 
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They 
are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. 

Intercompany transactions, balances, and unrealised gains on transactions between entities in the 
Group  are  eliminated.  Unrealised  losses  are  also  eliminated  unless  the  transaction  provides 
evidence of the impairment of the asset transferred. The accounting policies of subsidiaries have 
been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. 

65 

 
 
 
Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Where equity instruments are issued in a business combination, the fair value of the instruments 
is  their  published  market  price  as  at  the  date  of  exchange.  Costs  arising  from  a  business 
combination  are  expensed  when  incurred.  The  consideration  transferred  also  includes  the  fair 
value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement.  

With  limited  exceptions,  all  identifiable  assets  acquired,  and  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities 
assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. 
The excess of the consideration transferred, amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquired 
entity,  over  the  net  fair  value  of  the  Group's  share  of  the  identifiable  net  assets  acquired  is 
recognised as goodwill. If the consideration transferred of the acquisition is less than the Group's 
share  of  the  net  fair  value  of  the  identifiable  net  assets  of  the  subsidiary,  the  difference  is 
recognised as a gain in the profit and loss in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other 
Comprehensive Income, but only after a reassessment of the identification and measurement of 
the net assets acquired.  

Where settlement of any part of the cash consideration is deferred, the amounts payable in the 
future are discounted to their present value, as at the date of exchange. The discount rate used is 
the  entity's  incremental  borrowing  rate,  being  the  rate  at  which  a  similar  borrowing  could  be 
obtained from an independent financier under comparable terms and conditions.  

b. 

Fair Value Measurements 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. For some assets and 
liabilities, observable market transactions or market information is available. For other assets and 
liabilities, observable market transactions or market information might not be available. When a 
price for an identical asset or liability is not observable, another valuation technique is used. To 
increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, there are three levels of the 
fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used: 

• 

• 

Level 1 – Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or 
liabilities  

Level 2 – Inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, which are 
observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly   

• 

Level 3 – Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability  

The  Group  recognises  transfers  between  levels  of  the  fair  value  hierarchy  at  the  end  of  the 
reporting period during which the change has occurred. 

c. 

Income Tax 

The income tax expense or benefit for the period is the tax payable on that period’s taxable income 
based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction, adjusted by the changes in deferred 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  attributable  to  temporary  differences,  unused  tax  losses  and  the 
adjustment recognised for prior periods, where applicable. 

66 

 
 
 
Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognised  for  temporary  differences  at  the  tax  rates 
expected to be applied when the assets are recovered or liabilities are settled, based on those tax 
rates that are enacted or substantively enacted, except for: 

•  When the deferred income tax asset or liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill 
or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and that, at the time 
of the transaction, affects neither the accounting nor taxable profits; or 

•  When the taxable temporary difference is associated with interests in subsidiaries, associates 
or joint ventures, and the timing of the reversal can be controlled, and it is probable that the 
temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax assets are recognised for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only 
if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences 
and losses. 

The  carrying  amount  of  recognised  and  unrecognised  deferred  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each 
reporting  date.  Deferred  tax  assets  recognised  are  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer 
probable  that  future  taxable  profits  will  be  available  for  the  carrying  amount  to  be  recovered. 
Previously unrecognised deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that 
there are future taxable profits available to recover the asset. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only where there is a legally enforceable right to offset 
current  tax  assets  against  current  tax  liabilities  and  deferred  tax  assets  against  deferred  tax 
liabilities;  and  they  relate  to  the  same  taxable  authority  on  either  the  same  taxable  entity  or 
different taxable entities which intend to settle simultaneously. 

d. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods is transferred, or 
services are provided to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the 
Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. 

Sales of Goods 

Revenue for the hardware is recognised at a point in time when the hardware is delivered, the legal 
title has passed. 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Consulting Services 

under 
The consulting division provides battery cell design, implementation and support   services 
fixed-price  and  variable  price  contracts.  Revenue  from  providing  services  is  recognised  in  the 
accounting  period  in  which  the  services  are  rendered.  For  fixed-price  contracts,  revenue  is 
recognised based on the actual service provided to the end of the reporting period relative to the 
remaining  services  under  the  contract  because  the  customer  receives  and  uses  the  benefits 
simultaneously.  This  is  determined  based  on  the  actual  labour  hours  spent  relative  to  the  total 
expected labour hours.  

Where  the  contracts  include  multiple  performance  obligations,  the  transaction  price  will  be 
allocated to each performance obligation based on the stand-alone selling prices. Where these are 
not directly observable, they are estimated based on expected cost-plus margin.  

e. 

Contract Balances 

Trade and Other Receivables 

A  receivable  is  recognised  when  the  Group’s  right  to  consideration  is  unconditional,  which  is 
generally  when  goods  are  delivered  or  services  are  performed,  as  only  the  passage  of  time  is 
required before payment is due.  

Contract Liabilities 

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or provide services to a customer for which 
the Group has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If 
a customer pays consideration before the Group  transfers goods or services to the customer, a 
contract liability is recognised when the payment is made, or the payment is due (whichever is 
earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Group performs under the contract.  

f. 

Other Income 

Interest 
Interest  income  is  recognised  as  interest  accrues  using  the  effective  interest  method.  This  is  a 
method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset and allocating the interest income 
over the relevant period using the effective interest rate, which is the rate that discounts estimated 
future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the net carrying amount of 
the financial asset. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Grant Revenue 
Grants  from  government  bodies  are  recognised  at  their  fair  value  where  there  is  a  reasonable 
assurance that the grant will be received, and the Group will comply with all attached conditions. 

g. 

Operating Segments 

Operating  segments  are  presented  using  the  ‘management  approach’,  where  the  information 
presented is on the same basis as the internal reports provided to the Chief Operating Decision 
Makers  (”CODMs”).  The  CODMs  is  responsible  for  the  allocation  of  resources  to  operating 
segments and assessing their performance. 

h. 

Current and Non-Current Classification 

Assets  and  liabilities  are  presented  in  the  balance  sheet  based  on  current  and  non-current 
classification. 

An asset is classified as current when: it is either expected to be realised or intended to be sold or 
consumed in normal operating cycle; it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; it is expected 
to be realised within 12 months after the reporting period; or the asset is cash or cash equivalent 
unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the 
reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current. 

A liability is classified as current when: it is either expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; 
it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; it is due to be settled within 12 months after the 
reporting period; or there is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at 
least 12 months after the reporting period. All other liabilities are classified as non-current. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are always classified as non-current. 

i. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, 
other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are 
readily  convertible  to  known  amounts  of  cash  and  which  are  subject  to  an  insignificant  risk  of 
changes in value.  

j. 

Inventories 

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined based 
on  the  standard  cost  method,  which  approximates  first-in,  first-out.    The  cost  of  manufactured 
products includes direct materials. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

k. 

Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

Exploration and evaluation expenditure incurred is accumulated in respect of each identifiable area 
of  interest.  Such  expenditures  comprise  net  direct  costs  and  an  appropriate  portion  of  related 
overhead expenditure but do not include overheads or administration expenditure not having a 
specific nexus with a particular area of interest. These costs are only carried forward to the extent 
that they are expected to be recouped through the successful development of the area or where 
activities in the area have not yet reached a stage which permits reasonable assessment of the 
existence of economically recoverable reserves and active or significant operations in relation to 
the area are continuing. 

A regular review has been undertaken on each area of interest to determine the appropriateness 
of continuing to carry forward costs in relation to that area of interest. 

An impairment charge is recognised when the Directors are of the opinion that the carried forward 
net cost may not be recoverable or the right of tenure in the area lapses.  

When  production  commences,  the  accumulated  costs  for  the  relevant  area  of  interest  are 
amortised  over  the  life  of  the  area  according  to  the  rate  of  depletion  of  the  economically 
recoverable reserves. 

l. 

Borrowings 

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are 
subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost.  Any  difference  between  the  proceeds  (net  of 
transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the 
borrowings using the effective interest method. 

The  fair  value  of  the  liability  (borrowings)  portion  of  a  convertible  bond  is  determined  using  a 
market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible bond. This amount is recorded as a liability 
on  an  amortised  cost  basis  until  extinguished  on  conversion  or  maturity  of  the  bonds.  The 
remainder of the proceeds is allocated to the conversion option. Alternatively, the fair value of the 
conversion option is determined using Monte Carlo Simulation methodology, with the remainder 
of the proceeds allocated to the liability (borrowings) portion. 

m. 

Convertible Loan Notes 

Convertible loan notes are initially measured at fair value less transaction costs. 

Amortised cost is calculated as the amount at which the loan note is measured at initial recognition 
less principal repayments and adjusted for any cumulative amortisation of the difference between 
that initial amount and the maturity amount calculated using the effective interest method. 

The effective interest method is used to allocate interest expense over the relevant period and is 
equivalent to the rate that discounts estimated future cash payments over the expected life of the 
financial instrument to the net carrying amount of the financial liability.  

Non-derivative financial liabilities, other than financial guarantees, are subsequently measured at 
amortised cost. Gains or losses are recognised in profit or loss through the amortisation process 
and when then financial liability is derecognised. 

70 

 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

n. 

Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Property,  plant,  and  equipment  is  stated  at  historical  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and 
impairment. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of 
the items. 

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis to write off the net cost of each item of property, 
plant, and equipment (excluding land) over their expected useful lives as follows: 

•  Buildings (25 – 39 years) 
•  Plant and equipment (3 - 20 years) 

The  residual  values,  useful  lives  and  depreciation  methods  are  reviewed,  and  adjusted  if 
appropriate, at each reporting date. 

An item of plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when there is no future economic 
benefit to the Group. Gains and losses between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds are 
taken to profit or loss. 

o. 

Trade and Other Payables 

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Group prior to the end 
of the financial year and which are unpaid. Due to their short-term nature, they are measured at 
amortised cost and are not discounted. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 
days of recognition. 

p. 

Leases 

Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide range of different terms and 
conditions. The lease agreements do not impose any covenants other than the security interests in 
the  leased  assets  that  are  held  by  the  lessor.  Leased  assets  may  not  be  used  as  security  for 
borrowing purposes.  

Assets  and  liabilities  arising  from  a  lease  are  initially  measured  on  a  present  value  basis.  Lease 
liabilities include the net present value of the following lease payments:  

• 
fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable  
•  variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index 

or rate as at the commencement date,  

•  amounts expected to be payable by the Group under residual value guarantees, 
• 

the  exercise  price  of  a  purchase  option  if  the  Group  is  reasonably  certain  to  exercise  that 
option, 

•  payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Group exercising 

that option.  

Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension options are also included in the 
measurement of the liability.  

71 

 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot 
be readily determined, which is generally the case for leases in the Group, the lessee’s incremental 
borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the 
funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic 
environment with similar terms, security, and conditions.  

To determine the incremental borrowing rate, the Group:  

•  where possible, uses recent third-party financing received by the individual lessee as a starting 
point,  adjusted  to  reflect  changes  in  financing  conditions  since  third  party  financing  was 
received,  

•  uses a build-up approach that starts with a risk-free interest rate adjusted for credit risk for 

leases held by NOVONIX Limited, which does not have recent third-party financing, 
•  makes adjustments specific to the lease, e.g. term, country, currency and security.  

The Group is exposed to potential future increases in variable lease payments based on an index or 
rate, which are not included in the lease liability until they take effect. When adjustments to lease 
payments based on an index or rate take effect, the lease liability is reassessed and adjusted against 
the right-of-use asset.  

Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to 
profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the 
remaining balance of the liability for each period.  

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:  

the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability, 

• 
•  any  lease  payments  made  at  or  before  the  commencement  date  less  any  lease  incentives 

received, 

•  any initial direct costs, 
• 
restoration costs.  

Right-of-use  assets  are  generally  depreciated  over  the  shorter  of  the  asset's  useful  life  and  the 
lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, 
the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful life. The  Group does not 
revalue the right-of-use buildings held by the Group.  

Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and vehicles and all leases of low-value 
assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are 
leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Low-value assets comprise IT equipment and small 
items of office furniture.  

Extension options are included in property and equipment leases across the Group. These are used 
to maximise operational flexibility in terms of managing the assets used in the Group’s operations. 
The extension options held are exercisable only by the Group and not by the lessor.  

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

When the Group revises its estimate of the term of any lease (because, for example, it re-assesses 
the probability of a lessee extension or termination option being exercised), it adjusts the carrying 
amount  of  the  lease  liability  to  reflect  the  payments  to  make  over  the  revised  term,  which  are 
discounted using a revised discount rate. The carrying value of lease liabilities is similarly revised 
when the variable element of future lease payments dependent on a rate or index is revised, except 
the  discount  rate  remains  unchanged.  In  both  cases  an  equivalent  adjustment  is  made  to  the 
carrying value of the right-of-use asset, with the revised carrying amount being amortised over the 
remaining (revised) lease term. If the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is adjusted to zero, 
any further reduction is recognised in profit or loss. 

When  the  Group  renegotiates  the  contractual  terms  of  a  lease  with  the  lessor,  the  accounting 
depends on the nature of the modification:  

•  

•  

•  

if the renegotiation results in one or more additional assets being leased for an amount 
commensurate with the standalone price for the additional rights-of-use obtained, the 
modification is accounted for as a separate lease in accordance with the above policy,  
in all other cases where the renegotiated increases the scope of the lease (whether that 
is an extension to the lease term, or one or more additional assets being leased), the lease 
liability is remeasured using the discount rate applicable on the modification date, with 
the right-of-use asset being adjusted by the same amount, 
if  the  renegotiation  results  in  a  decrease  in  the  scope  of  the  lease,  both  the  carrying 
amount of the lease liability and right-of-use asset are reduced by the same proportion 
to reflect the partial of full termination of  the lease with any  difference recognised in 
profit or loss. The lease liability is then further adjusted to ensure its carrying amount 
reflects the amount of the renegotiated payments over the renegotiated term, with the 
modified lease payments discounted at the rate applicable on the modification date. The 
right-of-use asset is adjusted by the same amount.  

Specific details about the Group’s leasing policy are provided in note 22. 

q. 

Investments and Other Financial Assets 

Classification 
The Group classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: 

• 

• 

those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI or through profit or 
loss) 
those to be measured at amortised cost 

The classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the 
contractual terms of the cash flows. 

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or OCI. 
For investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading, this will depend on whether 
the Group has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the 
equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”). 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Recognition and Derecognition 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade date, being the date 
on which the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset. Financial assets are derecognised when 
the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or have been transferred and 
the Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership. 

Measurement 

At initial recognition, the Group measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a 
financial  asset  not  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  (FVPL),  transaction  costs  that  are  directly 
attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at 
FVPL are expensed in profit or loss. 

The  Group  subsequently  measures  all  equity  investments  at  fair  value.  Where  the  Group’s 
management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in OCI, there 
is  no  subsequent  reclassification  or  fair  value  gains  and  losses  to  profit  or  loss  following  the 
derecognition of the investment. Dividends from such investments continue to be recognised in 
the  consolidated  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income  as  other  income 
when the Group’s right to receive payment is established. 

Changes  in  fair  value  of  financial  assets  at  FVPL  are  recognised  in  other  gains/(losses)  in  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or  Loss  and  Other  Comprehensive  Income  as  applicable. 
Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI 
are not reported separately from other changes in fair value. 

r. 

Employee Benefits 

Short-Term Employee Benefits 

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits, annual leave, and long-service 
leave expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are measured at the amounts 
expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. 

Short-term incentives are payable on achievement of mutually agreed KPIs each fiscal year with 
short-term  incentives  being  payable  in  either  cash  or  by  way  of  the  issue  of  fully  paid  ordinary 
shares. The Company has historically paid short-term incentives in cash.  

Other Long-Term Employee Benefits 

The liability for long-service leaves not expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting 
date  is  measured  as  the  present  value  of  expected  future  payments  to  be  made  in  respect  of 
services provided by employees up to the reporting date using the projected unit credit method. 
Consideration  is  given  to  expected  future  wage  and  salary  levels,  experience  of  employee 
departures and periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at 
the reporting date on corporate bonds with terms to maturity and currency that match, as closely 
as possible, the estimated future cash outflows. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Share-Based Payments 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Equity-settled  share-based  compensation  benefits  are  provided  to  employees.  Equity-settled 
transactions are awards of shares, options, or performance rights over shares, that are provided to 
employees in exchange for the rendering of services.  

The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  is  measured  at  fair  value  on  grant  date.  Fair  value  is 
determined  using  various  valuation  methods  including  Black  Scholes,  Binomial,  and  the  Monte 
Carlo Simulation method that takes into account the exercise price, the term of the performance 
right,  the  impact  of  dilution,  the  share  price  at  grant  date  and  expected  price  volatility  of  the 
underlying share, the expected dividend yield, and the risk-free interest rate for the term of the 
performance right award. 

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase 
in equity over the vesting period. The cumulative charge to profit or loss is calculated based on the 
grant date fair value of the award, the best estimate of the number of awards that are likely to vest 
and the expired portion of the vesting period. The amount recognised in profit or loss for the period 
is  the  cumulative  amount  calculated  at  each  reporting  date  less  amounts  already  recognised  in 
previous periods. 

Market conditions are taken into consideration in determining fair value. Therefore, any awards 
subject  to  market  conditions  are  considered  to  vest irrespective  of  whether  or  not  that  market 
condition has been met, provided all other conditions are satisfied. 

If equity-settled awards are modified, as a minimum an expense is recognised as if the modification 
has not been made. An additional expense is recognised, over the remaining vesting period, for any 
modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based compensation benefit as at the 
date of modification. 

Share-based  payment  expenses  are  recognised  over  the  period  during  which  the  employee 
provides the relevant services. This period may commence prior to the grant date. In this situation, 
the  entity  estimates  the  grant  date  fair  value  of  the  equity  instruments  for  the  purposes  of 
recognising  the  services  received  during  the  period  between  service  commencement  date  and 
grant date. Once the grant date has been established, the earlier estimate is revised so that the 
amount  recognised  for  services  received  is  ultimately  based  on  the  grant  date  fair  value  of  the 
equity instruments. 

If the non-vesting condition is within the control of the Group or employee, the failure to satisfy 
the condition is treated as a cancellation. If the condition is not within the control of the Group or 
employee and is not satisfied during the vesting period, any remaining expense for the award is 
recognised over the remaining vesting period, unless the award is forfeited. 

If equity-settled awards are cancelled, it is treated as if it has vested on the date of cancellation, 
and any remaining expense is recognised immediately. If a new replacement award is substituted 
for the cancelled award, the cancelled and new award is treated as if they were a modification. 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

s. 

Issued Capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. 

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as 
a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. 

t. 

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets 

At the end of each reporting period, the Group assesses whether there is any indication that an 
asset  may  be  impaired.  The  assessment  will  include  the  consideration  of  external  and  internal 
sources of information, including dividends received from subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures 
deemed  to  be  out  of  pre-acquisition  profits.  If  such  an  indication  exists,  an  impairment  test  is 
carried out on the asset by comparing the recoverable amount of the asset, being the higher of the 
asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use, to the asset’s carrying amount. Any excess 
of the assets carrying amount over its recoverable amount is recognised immediately in profit or 
loss, unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount in accordance with another Standard. Any 
impairment loss of a revalued asset is treated as a revaluation decrease in accordance with that 
other Standard. 

Where  it  is  not  possible  to  estimate  the  recoverable  amount  of  an  individual  asset,  the  Group 
estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. 

Impairment testing is performed annually for goodwill, intangible assets with indefinite lives and 
intangible assets not yet available for use. 

u. 

Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill 

Technology 
Technology  is  recognised  at  fair  value  on  the  date  of  acquisition.  It  has  a  finite  life  and  is 
subsequently  carried  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  amortisation  and  any  impairment  losses. 
Technology is amortised over its useful life of 5 years. 

Software 
Software is measured at cost (at acquisition or development costs) and amortised on a straight-line 
basis over its useful life, generally 3 years. Maintenance cost of software is expensed as incurred. 
Development costs directly attributable to the design and creation of software that are identifiable 
and  unique,  and  that  may  be controlled by  the Company,  are  recognised  as  an  intangible asset 
providing the following conditions are met:  

• 

It is technically feasible for the intangible asset to be completed so that it will be available 
for use or sale, 

•  Management intends to complete the asset for use or sale, 
•  The Company has the capacity to use or sell the asset, 
• 

It is possible to show evidence of how the intangible asset will generate probable future 
economic benefits, 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

•  Adequate  technical,  financial,  and  other  resources  are  available  to  complete  the 

development and to use or sell the intangible asset, 

•  The  outlay  attributable  to  the  intangible  asset  during  its  development  can  be  reliably 

determined. 

Directly attributable costs capitalised in the value of the software include the cost of personnel 
developing the programs.  

Costs  that  do  not  meet  the  criteria  listed  above  are  recognised  as  an  expense  as  incurred.  An 
example of this is Software as a Service ("SaaS"). The cloud computing is a model for delivering 
information technology services through web-based tools and applications. In such contracts, the 
customer generally does not obtain a software license or have a right to take possession of the 
software.  The  contract  conveys  to  the  customer  the  right  to  receive  access  to  the  supplier’s 
application  software  over  the  contract  term.  That  right  to  receive  access  does  not  provide  the 
customer  with  a  software  asset  and,  therefore,  the  access  to  the  software  is  a  service  that  the 
customer receives over the contract term. 

v. 

Goodwill 

Goodwill acquired on a business combination is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the 
consideration transferred for the business combination over the Group’s interest in the net fair 
value of the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities, and contingent liabilities.  

Following initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.  

Goodwill  is  reviewed  for  impairment,  annually,  or  more  frequently,  if  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.  

As at the acquisition date, any goodwill acquired is allocated to each of the cash-generating units 
that are expected to benefit from the combination’s synergies.  

Impairment  is  determined  by  assessing  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash-generating  unit  to 
which the goodwill relates.  

Where the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount, an 
impairment loss is recognised.  

Where goodwill forms part of a cash-generating unit and part of the operation within that unit is 
disposed, the goodwill associated with the disposed operation is included in the carrying amount 
of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation.  

Disposed  goodwill  in  this  circumstance  is  measured  on  the  basis  of  the  relative  values  of  the 
disposed operation and the portion of the cash-generating unit retained. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

w. 

Research and Development costs 

Research and development costs primarily represent the Company’s investment in research and 
development  activities  for  the  all-dry,  zero-waste  cathode  synthesis  project.  At  present,  our 
research  and  development  activities  are  conducted  through  our  two  core  businesses:  BTS  and  
NAM; cathode falls under BTS R&D. 

Research  expenditures  are  recognised  as  an  expense  when  incurred.  Costs  incurred  on 
development  projects  (relating  to  the  design  and  testing  of  enhancements  or  extensions  of 
products from the all-dry, zero-waste cathode synthesis project) are recognised as intangible assets 
when: 
• 

the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for 
use or sale 
the intention to complete the intangible asset and use it or sell it 
the ability to use or sell the intangible asset 

• 
• 
•  how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits 
• 

the  availability  of  adequate  technical,  financial,  and  other  resources  to  complete  the 
development and to use or sell the intangible asset 
the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during 
its development.  

• 

The expenditures capitalised comprise all directly attributable costs, including costs of materials, 
services, direct LU, and an appropriate proportion of overhead. Other development expenditures 
that do not meet these criteria are recognised as an expense when incurred. Development costs 
previously  recognised  as  an  expense  are  not  recognised  as  an  asset  in  a  subsequent  period. 
Capitalised development costs are recorded as intangible assets and amortised from the point at 
which the asset is ready for use on a straight-line basis over its useful life. 

x. 

Borrowing Costs 

Borrowing costs are recognised in the profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

y. 

Foreign Currency Transactions and Balances 

Functional and Presentation Currency 

The functional currency of each of the Company’s entities is the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which that entity operates. Effective July 1, 2022, the Company’s reporting currency 
is  the  U.S.  dollar.  The  Company  changed  its  reporting  currency  from  Australian  dollars  to  U.S. 
dollars to enhance the relevance of the Company’s financial information and comparability with its 
industry peer group. 

Transactions and Balances 

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are translated at the 
year-end exchange rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost continue to be carried at 
the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items measured at fair value are 
reported at the exchange rate at the date when fair values were determined. 

Exchange differences arising on the translation of monetary items are recognised in profit or loss, 
except where deferred in equity as a qualifying cash flow or net investment hedge. 

Exchange differences arising on the translation of non-monetary items are recognised directly in 
other comprehensive income to the extent that the underlying gain or loss is recognised in other 
comprehensive income; otherwise, the exchange difference is recognised in profit or loss. 

Group Companies 

The financial results and position of foreign operations, whose functional currency is different from 
the Group’s presentation currency, are translated as follows: 

- 

- 
- 

assets  and  liabilities  are  translated  at  exchange  rates  prevailing  at  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period 
income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period 
accumulated  losses  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rates  prevailing  at  the  date  of  the 
transaction. 

Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign operations with functional currencies other 
than US dollars are recognised in other comprehensive income and included in the foreign currency 
translation reserve in the balance sheet. The cumulative amount of these differences is reclassified 
into profit or loss in the period in which the operation is disposed of. 

z. 

Earnings per Share 

Basic Earnings Per Share 
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to the owners of NOVONIX 
Limited, excluding any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary shares, by the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in 
ordinary shares issued during the financial year. 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Diluted Earnings Per Share 
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share 
to take into account the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated 
with dilutive  potential ordinary shares and the weighted  average number of shares assumed to 
have been issued for no consideration in relation to dilutive potential ordinary shares. 

aa.  Goods and Services Tax (‘GST’) and Other Similar Taxes 

Revenues, expenses, and assets are recognised net of the amount of associated GST, unless the 
GST incurred is not recoverable from the tax authority. In this case it is recognised as part of the 
cost of the acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense. 

Receivables and payables are stated inclusive of the amount of GST receivable or payable. The net 
amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the tax authority is included in other receivables 
or other payables in the balance sheet.  

Cash flows are presented on a gross basis. The GST components of cash flows arising from investing 
or financing activities which are recoverable from, or payable to the tax authority, are presented 
as operating cash flows. 

Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST recoverable from, or 
payable to, the tax authority. 

ab.  Assets Held for Sale 

Non-current assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are classified as held for 
sale if it is highly probable that they will be recovered primarily through sale rather than through 
continuing use.  

Such assets, or disposal groups, are generally measured at the lower of their carrying amount and 
fair value less costs to sell. Any impairment loss on a disposal group is allocated first to goodwill, 
and then to the remaining assets and liabilities on a pro rata basis, except that no loss is allocated 
to inventories, financial assets, deferred tax assets, employee benefit assets, investment property 
or biological assets, which continue to be measured in accordance with the Group’s other 
accounting policies. Impairment losses on initial classification as held-for-sale or held-for 
distribution and subsequent gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss.  

Once classified as held-for-sale, intangible assets and property, plant, and equipment are no 
longer amortised or depreciated, and any equity-accounted investee is no longer 
equity accounted.  

ac. 

New and Amended Standards and Interpretations  

Amendments  to  IAS  12  –  Deferred  Tax  related  to  Assets  and  Liabilities  arising  from  a  Single 
Transaction:  In May 2021, the  AASB issued Deferred Tax related  to Assets and Liabilities arising 
from  a  Single  Transaction,  which  amended  IAS  12,  Income  Taxes.  The  amendments  clarify  that 
companies are required to recognise deferred taxes on transactions where both assets and  

80 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

liabilities are recognised, such as with leases and asset retirement (decommissioning) obligations. 
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023, 
with earlier application permitted. The adoption of the amendment did not have a material impact 
on the consolidated financial statements.  

The Company noted that no other new AASB Accounting Standards amendments or interpretations 
that  became  effective  in  2023  had  a  material  impact  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

ad. 

Standards and Interpretations not yet Effective 

Based on the Company’s assessment, there are no AASB Accounting Standards, amendments, or 
interpretations not yet effective in 2023 that would be expected to have a material impact on the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements.  

ae. 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements 

The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting 
estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the 
Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or 
areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial statements, are disclosed 
below. 

Valuation of Unsecured Convertible Notes and Embedded Derivatives 

The fair value of the conversion feature is determined using a Monte Carlo Simulation, taking into 
account  the  terms  and  conditions  upon  which  the  convertible  loan  notes  were  issued.  The  key 
assumptions include: 

• 

• 
• 

the  probability  of  the  timing  of  when  the  parties  will  enter  into  a  purchase  order  for 
material,  which  will  lead  to  the  mandatory  conversion  of  all  loan  notes  into  ordinary 
shares; 
the risk-free rate; 
the volatility of the NOVONIX share price. 

Value of Intangible Assets Relating to Acquisitions 

The Company has allocated portions of the cost of acquisitions to technology intangibles, valued 
using the relief from royalty method. These calculations require the use of assumptions including 
future revenue forecasts and a royalty rate. Technology is amortised over its useful life of 5 years. 

Impairment of Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets 

The  Company  determines  whether  goodwill  is  impaired  on  an  annual  basis.  This  assessment 
requires  an  estimation  of  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash-generating  units  to  which  the 
goodwill is allocated.  

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 1 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Share-Based Payment Transactions  

The  Group  has  issued options  where  individual  tranches  have variable vesting  dates  due  to  the 
performance  conditions  being  linked  to  the  achievement  of  incremental  production  targets.  At 
each reporting period, an estimate is made of the expected vesting dates for each of the tranches 
based on the expectation of when performance conditions will be met, and where necessary, an 
adjustment to the share-based payment expense is recognised. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Carried at Fair Value Through Profit Loss 

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using 
valuation  techniques.  The  Group  uses  its  judgement  to  select  a  variety  of  methods  and  make 
assumptions  that  are  mainly  based  on  market  conditions  existing  at  the  end  of  each  reporting 
period. For details of the key assumptions used and the impact of changes to these assumptions 
see Note 17 – Intangible Assets. 

Other areas of critical accounting estimates and judgments include: 

• 

• 

unused tax losses for which no deferred tax asset has been recognised (see Note 6 
– Income Tax (Expense) Benefit) 
the impairment testing of goodwill (see Note 17 – Intangible Assets). 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 2 

Parent Entity Financial Information 

The following information has been extracted from the books and records of the parent and has been 
prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standards. 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Balance sheet 
ASSETS 
Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 
Prepayments 

Assets classified as held for sale 
Total current assets 

Non-current assets 
Amounts due from related parties 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Investment securities at fair value through profit and loss 
Other assets 

Total non-current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Payables 

Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Derivative financial instruments 
Borrowings 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

EQUITY 
Contributed equity 
Reserves 
Accumulated losses 

Total equity 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

72,819,657 
62,513 
12,992 

72,895,162 
2,372,886 

75,268,048 

84,366,622 
36,298 
901,634 

85,304,554 
- 

85,304,554 

121,976,670 
- 
16,429,244 
5,741 

124,178,058 
2,364,946 
16,490,271 
7,468 

138,411,655 

143,040,743 

213,679,703 

228,345,297 

322,941 

322,941 

2,289,028 

2,289,028 

866,278 
28,554,209 

29,420,487 

29,743,428 

- 
- 

- 

2,289,028 

183,936,275 

226,056,269 

338,425,286 
25,017,175 
(179,506,186) 

338,108,198 
20,318,892 
(132,370,821) 

183,936,275 

226,056,269 

Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 
Total loss and total comprehensive loss 

(47,135,365) 

(27,197,861) 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 2 Parent Information (continued) 

Guarantees 

NOVONIX Limited has not entered into any guarantees, in the current or previous reporting period, in 
relation to the debts of its subsidiaries. 

Contingent liabilities 

At 31 December 2023, NOVONIX Limited did not have any contingent liabilities (31 December 2022: Nil). 

Contractual commitments 

At 31 December 2023, NOVONIX Limited did not have any contractual commitments (31 December 2022: 
Nil). 

Note 3 

Revenue 

(a) 

Revenue  

The Group derives revenue from the transfer of goods and provision of services in the following major 
product lines and segments:  

Twelve-months ended                            
31 December 2023 

Battery 
Materials 
US$ 

Hardware sales 

Consulting sales 
Revenue from external 
customers 
Timing of revenue recognition 
   At a point in time 

   Over time 

Six-months ended                            
31 December 2022 

Hardware sales 

Consulting sales 
Revenue from external 
customers 
Timing of revenue recognition 

   At a point in time 

   Over time 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Battery 
Materials 
US$ 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Battery 
Technology 
US$ 
2,999,533 

5,054,995 

8,054,528 

2,999,533 

5,054,995 

8,054,528 

Battery 
Technology 
US$ 
403,680 

2,298,596 

2,702,276 

403,680 

2,298,596 

2,702,276 

Graphite 
exploration 
US$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Graphite 
exploration 
US$ 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Total 

US$ 
2,999,533 

5,054,995 

8,054,528 

2,999,533 

5,054,995 

8,054,528 

Total 

US$ 
403,680 

2,298,596 

2,702,276 

403,680 

2,298,596 

2,702,276 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 3 

Revenue (continued) 

Revenues from external customers come from the sale of battery testing hardware equipment and the 
provision of battery testing and development consulting services. 

(i) 

Assets and liabilities related to contracts with customers 

The Group has recognised the following assets and liabilities related to contracts with customers:  

Contract liabilities – Hardware sales 
Contract liabilities – Service sales 

Total current contract liabilities 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

56,653 
228,568 

285,221 

71,985 
- 

71,985 

Revenue recognised in relation to contract liabilities 

The following table shows how much of the revenue recognised in the current reporting period relates 
to brought-forward contract liabilities. 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 

US$ 

Revenue  recognised  that  was  included  in  the  contract 
liability balance at the beginning of the period 
   Hardware sales 

71,985 

2,715 

The Company had no contract assets as of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022. See Note  12, 
Trade and other receivables, for trade receivables.  

The Company had no remaining performance obligations which have an original expected term of more 
than one year.  

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Note 4       Other Income 

Interest received from unrelated parties 
Grant funding 
Tax related reimbursement 
Other 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 
1,611,128 
1,161,992 
689,089 
147,691 

3,609,900 

US$ 
19,416 
260,536 
- 
35,154 

315,106 

Note 5 

Loss for the Year 

Loss before income tax from continuing operations includes the following specific expenses:  

Share based payments expense^ 
  Performance rights granted 
  Share rights granted 
  Options granted 

Total share-based compensation expense 

^ Refer to note 29 for further information regarding share-based 
payments. 

Borrowing costs 
  Unwinding of fair value gain 
  Interest accrued on convertible notes 
  Interest accrued on borrowings 

Total borrowing costs 

Administrative and other expenses 
  Insurance 
  Legal fees 
  Occupancy expenses 
  Consulting fees 
  Software implementation costs expensed 
  Other 

Total administrative and other expenses 

Consolidated 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended               

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 

US$ 

5,094,244 
399,982 
127,734 

5,621,960 

4,857,249 
444,480 
52,700 

5,354,429 

18,553 
980,852 
1,864,697 

2,864,102 

6,750,308 
1,730,766 
418,206 
3,672,513 
1,758,962 
4,533,142 

25,945 
- 
917,476 

943,421 

4,019,027 
895,138 
628,816 
751,047 
1,034,420 
4,153,199 

18,863,896 

11,481,647 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 6 

Income Tax Expense 

This note provides an analysis of the Group’s income tax expense, shows what amounts are recognised 
directly in equity and how the tax expense is affected by non-assessable and non-deductible items.  It 
also explains significant estimates made in relation to the Group’s tax position.  

Consolidated 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 

US$ 

(a) Numerical reconciliation of income tax expense to 
prima facie tax payable 

Loss before income tax expense 

(46,448,210) 

(27,864,014) 

Tax at the Australian tax rate of 30% (2022: 30%) 
Tax effect of amounts which are not deductible (taxable) 
in calculating taxable income: 
  Share based payments 
  Government grants 
  Unrealised foreign exchange gain 
  Entertainment 
  Other non-deductible amounts 
  Difference in overseas tax rate 
  Adjustments for current tax of prior periods 
Adjustment to deferred tax assets and liabilities for tax 
losses and temporary differences not recognised 

Income tax expense / (benefit) 

(b) Tax losses 
Unused tax losses for which no deferred tax asset has 
been recognised 

Potential tax benefit 

(c) Tax expense (income) recognised directly in equity 

Aggregate current and deferred tax arising in the 
reporting period and not recognised in net profit or loss 
or other comprehensive income but directly debited or 
credited to equity: 

  Deferred tax: Share issue costs 

(13,934,463) 

(8,359,204) 

1,262,386 
507,207 
- 
9,375 
- 
2,232,607 
(102,522) 

9,825,461 

(199,949) 

1,087,931 
104,079 
(7,459) 
7,524 
68,801 
670,144 
(292,141) 

6,720,325 

- 

115,482,188 

34,644,656 

82,326,319 

24,697,896 

-    

- 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
Note 6 Income Tax Expense (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

(d) Deferred tax assets 
The balance comprises temporary differences attributable 
to: 
Tax losses 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Business capital costs 
Other non-current assets  
Right of use asset 
Unrealised exchange loss on borrowings 
Accrued expenses 
Other 
Total deferred tax assets 

Set-off of deferred tax liabilities pursuant to set-off 
provisions 
Deferred tax assets not recognised 

Net deferred tax assets 

(e) Deferred tax liabilities 

Prepayments 
Other non-current assets  
Unrealised exchange loss on borrowings 

Total deferred tax liabilities 
Set-off of deferred tax liabilities pursuant to set-off 
provisions 

Net deferred tax liabilities 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

34,644,656 
365,919 
1,566,275 
8,116,735 
92,858 
259,804 
98,303 
21,438 
45,165,988 

24,697,896 
522,068 
2,143,430 
4,759,740 
79,151 
433,514 
307,811 
19,686 
32,963,296 

(4,970,299) 
(39,994,325) 

(2,913,574) 
(30,049,722) 

201,364 

-    

(224,008) 
(4,162,691) 
(583,600) 

(215,967) 
(2,031,711) 
(665,896) 

(4,970,299) 

(2,913,574) 

4,970,299 

2,913,574 

- 

- 

Deferred tax assets are only recognised for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses if it 
is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and 
losses.  An amount of $201,364 has been recognised in relation to the deferred tax assets of NOVONIX 
Corp, as it has been determined that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise temporary 
differences. 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 6 

Income Tax Expense (continued)  

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Unused losses which have not been recognised as an asset, will only be obtained if: 
(i) 

the Group derives future assessable income of a nature and of an amount sufficient to enable the 
losses to be realised; 
the Group continues to comply with the conditions for deductibility imposed by the law; and 
no changes in tax legislation adversely affect the Group in realising the losses. 

(ii) 
(iii) 

Offsetting within tax consolidated entity 

NOVONIX  Limited  and  its  wholly-owned  Australian  subsidiaries  have  applied  the  tax  consolidation 
legislation which means that these entities are taxed as a single entity. As a consequence, the deferred 
tax  assets  and  deferred  tax  liabilities  of  these  entities  have  been  offset  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Note 7 

Key Management Personnel Compensation 

Refer to the remuneration report contained in the Directors’ report for details of the remuneration paid 
or payable to each member of the Group’s key management personnel (KMP) for the year ended 31 
December 2023. 

The totals of remuneration paid to KMP of the Company and the Group during the year ended 31 
December 2023 and the six-month period ended 31 December 2022 are as follows:  

Consolidated 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended               

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 

US$ 

2,514,689 
45,092 
2,228,316 

4,788,097 

1,457,899 
20,997 
4,006,327 

5,485,223 

Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 
Share-based compensation 

Total KMP compensation 

Short-term employee benefits 

These amounts include fees and benefits paid to the non-executive Chairman as well as all salary, paid 
leave benefits and fringe benefits paid to Executive Directors. 

Post-employment benefits 

These amounts are the superannuation contributions made during the year. 

Share-based compensation 

These  amounts  represent  the  expense  related  to  the  participation  of  KMP  in  equity-settled  benefit 
schemes as measured by the fair value of the options and performance rights on grant date. 

Further information in relation to KMP remuneration can be found in the Directors report. 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 8  Auditor’s Remuneration 

The following fees were paid or payable for services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers Australia (PwC) 
as the auditor of the Group:  

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 

US$ 

412,793 
8,382 
13,291 

434,466 

471,568 
- 
- 

471,568 

Audit fees 
Other fees in relation to prior year's audit 
Other assurance services 

Total 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 9  Earnings per Share  

(a) Basic net loss per share 
Total basic net loss per share attributable to the ordinary 
equity holders of the Company 

(b) Diluted net loss per share 
Total diluted net loss per share attributable to the 
ordinary equity holders of the Company 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US $ 

US $ 

(0.09) 

(0.06) 

(0.09) 

(0.06) 

(c) Reconciliations of net loss used in calculating net loss per share 
Basic net loss per share 

Net loss attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the 
Company used in calculating basic net loss per share 

(46,248,261) 

(27,864,014) 

Diluted net loss per share 

Net loss attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the 
Company used in calculating diluted net loss per share 

(46,248,261) 

(27,864,014) 

(d) Weighted average number of shares used as the denominator 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

Number 

Number 

487,474,460 

486,616,365 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used as the 
denominator in calculating basic and diluted  net loss  per 
share 

(e) 

Information concerning the classification of securities 

Options and rights 

Options, rights and convertible notes  on issue during the year ended 31 December 2023, and the six-
month period ended 31 December 2022, are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share 
because they are antidilutive. These options, rights and convertible notes could potentially dilute basic 
earnings per share in the future. Details relating to options and rights are set out in note 29. 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 10 

Impairment Testing of Goodwill  

For the purposes of impairment testing, the cash generating unit has been defined as the business to 
which the goodwill relates where individual cash flows can be ascertained for the purposes of 
discounting future cash flows. 

The carrying amount of goodwill allocated to the cash 
generating unit 

NOVONIX Anode Materials 

Total carrying amount of goodwill 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 
11,975,024 

11,975,024 

US$ 
11,975,024 

11,975,024 

The  Company  performs  its  annual  impairment  testing  on  30  June  each  year.  For  the  purposes  of 
impairment  testing,  the  cash  generating  unit  has  been  defined  as  the  business  to  which  the  goodwill 
relates where individual cash flows can be ascertained for the purposes of discounting future cash flows. 

The  recoverable  amount  of  the  NOVONIX  Anode  Materials  cash  generating  unit  (“NOVONIX  Anode 
Materials CGU”) has been determined on a ‘Fair Value Less Costs to Sell’ (“FVLCS”) basis. 
To determine the recoverable amount, the FVLCS was calculated with reference to the allocated portion 
of the Company’s enterprise value (EV). The EV model calculation considered the following: 
The market capitalisation of the Company on the (ASX:NVX) at the testing date; 
The volatility of the share price of the Company at the testing date; and 
The  issuance  of  the  convertible  notes  in  June  2023  (as  outlined  in  Note  23)  given  that  the 
convertible loan note issuance is directly associated with the planned future expansion of the 
NOVONIX Anode Materials CGU. 

• 
• 
• 

Events occurring between the date of the convertible loan note issuance and 31 December 2023, have 
also been considered, and the directors do not believe that there have been any material events that 
would adversely impact the NOVONIX Anode Materials CGU such that the recoverable amount may not 
exceed the carrying value. 

The directors have assessed impairment triggers since the annual impairment test was performed at 30 
June 2023, and they do not believe that there have been any material events that would adversely impact 
the NOVONIX Anode Materials CGU such that the recoverable amount may not exceed the carrying value.  

The recoverable amount of the NOVONIX Anode Materials CGU is deemed to be in excess of the carrying 
value of the CGU, and therefore no impairment has been recognised at 31 December 2023. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 11  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash at bank 

Balances as above 
Bank overdrafts 

Balance per statement of cash flows 

Note 12  Trade and Other Receivables 

Trade debtors 
Other receivables 

Total current trade and other receivables 

Credit risk 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 
78,713,885 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 
99,039,172 

78,713,885 

99,039,172 

78,713,885 
- 

78,713,885 

99,039,172 
- 

99,039,172 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 
3,034,897 
529,436 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 
2,327,364 
519,865 

3,564,333 

2,847,229 

The Company has no significant concentration of credit risk with respect to any counterparties or on a 
geographical basis. Amounts are considered as “past due” when the debt has not been settled, in line 
with the terms and conditions agreed between the Company and the customer to the transaction.  

The  Company  assess  impairment  on  trade  and  other  receivables  using  the  simplified  approach  of  the 
expected credit loss (ECL) model under AASB 9, Financial Instruments.  

The  balance  of  receivables  that  remain  within  initial  trade  terms  are  considered  to  be  of  high  credit 
quality. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 13  Prepayments 

Prepayments of inventory components 
Prepaid general and administrative expenses 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

753,973 
1,105,824 

1,859,797 

- 
1,958,269 

1,958,269 

Prepaid general and administrative expenses consisted primarily of prepaid property insurance premiums 
for our Riverside facility of $745,693 and $719,891 at 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022. 

Note 14  Escrow Reserves 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

Escrow reserves 

794,500 

9,137,605 

The reserves are funds deposited with the Lender for capital expenditure, insurance, tax, and production 
as additional collateral for the loan obtained in relation to the purchase of the new facility in Chattanooga, 
Tennessee. Reserves are released as the conditions of the loan are satisfied. All conditions are expected 
to be satisfied within 12 months from the balance sheet date.  

During  the  year  and  in  accordance  with  all  applicable  loan  conditions,  the  Company  received  the 
remaining  disbursement  of  the  capital  expenditure  and  earnout  reserves  as  the  scheduled  capital 
expenditure work was completed, installed, and being utilised by the Company in the ordinary course of 
business.  

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 15 

Inventory 

Raw materials 
Components and assemblies 
Finished goods – at cost 

Amounts recognised in profit or loss 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

507,326 
1,403,873 
89,609 

2,000,808 

539,271 
2,470,762 
155,899 

3,165,932 

Inventories recognised as an expense during the year ended 31 December 2023 amounts to $1.1M (six-
month period ended 31 December 2022: $1.0M). These were included in product manufacturing and 
operating costs (exclusive of depreciation presented separately) in the consolidated statement of profit 
or loss and other comprehensive income. 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 16 

Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

At 30 June 2022  
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Period ended 31 December 2022 
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Depreciation charge 
Exchange differences 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2022  
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Land 
US$ 

Buildings 
US$ 

Leasehold 
improvements 
US$ 

Plant and 
equipment 
US$ 

Construction 
work in 
progress 
US$ 

Total 
US$ 

2,351,349 
- 

47,824,346 
(1,823,292) 

1,102,865 
(364,730) 

23,315,589 
(2,959,087) 

34,760,142 
- 

109,354,291 
(5,147,109) 

2,351,349 

46,001,054 

738,135 

20,356,502 

34,760,142 

104,207,182 

2,351,349 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(36,876) 

46,001,054 
111,338 
- 
- 
(957,247) 
(316,079) 

738,135 
42,002 
- 
- 
(201,027) 
- 

20,356,502 
505,380 
(33,485) 
1,263,939 
(1,071,251) 
(152,236) 

34,760,142 
23,305,647 
- 
(1,263,939) 
- 
(86,600) 

104,207,182 
23,964,367 
(33,485) 
- 
(2,229,525) 
(591,791) 

2,314,473 

44,839,066 

579,110 

20,868,849 

56,715,250 

125,316,748 

2,314,473 
- 

47,602,298 
(2,763,232) 

1,148,447 
(569,337) 

24,816,965 
(3,948,116) 

56,715,250 
- 

132,597,433 
(7,280,685) 

2,314,473 

44,839,066 

579,110 

20,868,849 

56,715,250 

125,316,748 

96 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 16 

Property, Plant, and Equipment (continued)  

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Year ended 31 December 2023 
Opening net book amount 
Additions 
Disposals 
Transfers 
Depreciation charge 
Exchange differences 

Closing net book amount 

At 31 December 2023 
Cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Net book amount 

Land 
US$ 

Buildings 
US$ 

Leasehold 
improvements 
US$ 

Plant and 
equipment 
US$ 

Construction 
work in 
progress 
US$ 

Total 
US$ 

2,314,473 
- 
- 
- 
- 
16,353 

44,839,066 
113,215 
- 
- 
(1,304,113) 
138,061 

579,110 
193,251 
- 
88,882 
(436,474) 
- 

20,868,849 
877,938 
(193,160) 
1,939,982 
(2,385,633) 
96,025 

56,715,250 
17,341,364 
- 
(2,028,864) 
- 
19,872 

125,316,748 
18,525,768 
(193,160) 
- 
(4,126,220) 
270,311 

2,330,826 

43,786,229 

424,770 

21,204,001 

72,047,622 

139,793,447 

2,330,826 
- 

47,866,171 
(4,079,942) 

1,430,580 
(1,005,810) 

27,520,756 
(6,316,755) 

72,047,622 
- 

151,195,954 
(11,402,507) 

2,330,826 

43,786,229 

424,770 

21,204,001 

72,047,622 

139,793,447 

97 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 17  Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss 

(i)  Classification of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

The Group classifies equity investments for which it has not elected to recognise fair value gains and 
losses through OCI as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL). 

Financial assets measured at FVPL include the following:  

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

US unlisted equity securities 

16,666,665 

16,490,271 

On 31 January 2022 NOVONIX Limited entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with KORE Power, 
Inc. (“KORE Power”) a US based developer of battery cell technology for the clean energy industry, under 
which NOVONIX Limited acquired 3,333,333 shares of KORE Power Common Stock at an issue price of 
USD$7.50  per  share,  representing  approximately  5%  of  the  common  equity  of  KORE  Power.  The 
consideration  for  the  shares  in  KORE  Power  totalled  USD$25M  (AUD  $35,131,550)  and  was  settled 
through a combination of 50% cash and 50% through the issue of 1,974,723 ordinary shares in NOVONIX 
Limited. 

The  equity  investment  was  revalued  in  2022  to  USD$5.00  per  share,  which  was  the  share  price  for  a 
significant  capital  raise  undertaken  by  KORE  Power  in  November  2022.  At  31  December  2023  the 
investment in KORE Power represents approximately 3.7% of the common equity of KORE Power. 

(ii)  Amounts recognised in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  there  have  been  no  gains  or  losses  recognised  in  the 
consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income related to equity investments 
held at FVPL.  

(iii)  Fair value hierarchy 

US unlisted equity securities are classified as a Level 3 fair value in the fair value hierarchy as one or more 
of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data.  

The  following  table  presents  the  changes  in  level  3  instruments  during  the  twelve  months  ended 
December 31, 2023 (in U.S. dollars):  

Balance at the beginning of the period 
Exchange differences 
Balance at the end of the period 

Unlisted equity securities 
US$ 

16,490,271 
176,394 
16,666,665 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 17 

Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit or Loss (continued) 

There were no transfers between levels 1, 2, or 3 for recurring fair value measurements during the year. 
The Group’s policy is to recognise transfers into and out of fair value hierarchy levels as at the end of 
the reporting period. 

(iv) Valuation technique using significant unobservable inputs – Level 3 
This category includes assets where the valuation incorporates significant inputs that are not based on 
observable market data (unobservable inputs). Unobservable inputs are those not readily available in an 
active market due to market illiquidity or complexity of the product. These inputs are generally derived 
and extrapolated from observable inputs to match the risk profile of the financial instrument, and are 
calibrated  against  current  market  assumptions,  historic  transactions  and  economic  models,  where 
available.   

In 2022,  the  primary  approach used  in  the  determination  of  the  fair  value of  the  investment in  KORE 
Power was with reference to the pricing of significant external capital raising activity undertaken by KORE 
Power. The most recent significant external capital raising undertaken by KORE Power was in November 
2022 and no further capital raising has occurred in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. The 
Group considered available information produced by management of KORE Power along and contrasted 
it with the Group's analysis of share price movements of listed peer companies in the battery technology 
sector and concluded that, in the aggregate, the factors and information considered would not result in 
a significant change in the fair value of the investment. 

Note 18 

Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

Exploration and evaluation assets – at cost 

-    

2,212,013 

The capitalised exploration and evaluation assets carried forward 
above have been determined as follows: 

Balance at the beginning of the period 
Expenditure incurred during the period 
Exchange differences 
Assets classified as held for sale 

Balance at the end of the period 

2,212,013 
16,691 
(8,752) 
(2,219,952) 

-    

2,218,238 
40,560 
(46,785) 
- 

2,212,013 

The Company holds tenement rights to a high-grade natural flake graphite deposit located in Northern 
Queensland, Australia. In October 2023, the Company decided to pursue potential opportunities to 
realise the value of these assets through a strategic transaction. All tenement rights remain current, 
exploration activity is continuing to the extent required under the tenement rights, a resource, 
principally high-grade graphite, has been identified, and the assets are available for sale in their current 
conditions. 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 19 

Intangible Assets 

Goodwill 
Technology 

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Additions 
Amortisation 
Written-off 

Balance at the end of the year 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 
11,975,024 
15,285 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 
11,975,024 
198,686 

11,990,309 

12,173,710 

Goodwill 
US$ 

Technology 
US$ 

Total 
US$ 

11,975,024 
- 
- 
- 

11,975,024 

198,686 
- 
(183,401) 
- 

12,173,710 
- 
(183,401) 
- 

15,285 

11,990,309 

Intangible  assets,  other  than  goodwill,  have  finite  useful  lives.  The  current  amortisation  charges  for 
intangible assets are included under depreciation and amortisation expense in the statement of profit or 
loss and other comprehensive income. Goodwill has an indefinite useful life.  

Note 20  Trade and Other Payables 

Unsecured liabilities: 
Trade payables 
Sundry payables and accrued expenses 
Employee entitlements 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

1,342,369 
4,102,800 
314,892 

5,760,061 

4,108,380 
2,718,349 
127,735 

6,954,464 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 21  Contract Liabilities 

Current - Contract liabilities  
Non-current – Other liabilities 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

285,221 
3,000,000 

3,285,221 

71,985 
3,000,000 

3,071,985 

During the 2021 financial year, the Group received grant funds of USD$3,000,000 from the Department 
of Economic and Community Development in the State of Tennessee, USA. The grant funds are 
conditional upon the Group creating, filling and maintaining 290 jobs in the State of Tennessee.  

The grant becomes fully earned once 90% of the performance target is achieved by March 2026, and is 
repayable in full if a minimum of 50% of the performance target is not achieved by March 2026. The grant 
is proportionately repayable between 50% and 90% of the performance target being achieved.  

Accordingly, as at 31 December 2023, the full amount of the grant has been deferred and classified as a 
contract liability and will either be released to income (in full or proportionately) or repayable (in full or 
proportionately) depending on the performance target achieved by March 2026. Income has not been 
recognised at 31 December 2023, as the Company cannot reliably measure compliance of the conditions 
attaching to the grant with reasonable assurance to determine the grant has become receivable. 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 22  Leases 

This note provides information for leases where the Group is the lessee.   

(i)  Amounts recognised in the balance sheet 

The balance sheet shows the following amounts relating to leases:  

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

Right-of-use assets - Buildings 

4,484,521 

4,915,035 

Lease liabilities 
Current 
Non-current 

345,933 
4,479,627 

4,825,560 

353,378 
4,825,560 

5,178,938 

There were no additions to the right-of-use assets during the 2023 financial year.   The movement of 
$430,514 during the year ended 31 December 2023, relates to depreciation expense. Refer to Note 34, 
Financial risk management, for a maturity analysis of lease liabilities. 

(i)  Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income 

The statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income shows the following amounts relating 
to leases: 

12 months 
ended 31 
December 2023 

6 month period 
ended 31 
December 2022 

US$ 

US$ 

Depreciation of right-of-use assets – Buildings 
Interest expense 

430,514 
212,354 

215,257 
111,593 

The total cash outflow for leases in the year ended 31 December 2023 and six-month financial period 
ended 31 December 2022 was $565,732 and $278,334, respectively. The Company had no short-term 
leases at 31 December 2023, and 2022. 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 23  Unsecured Convertible Loan Notes and Derivative Financial Instruments 

On 21 June 2023, the Group issued 45,221,586 convertible loan notes, with a face value of AUD$1.00 per 
note, a coupon rate of 4%, and a maturity date of 7 June 2028, for proceeds of US$30 million to LGES. The 
notes have a conversion price of AUD$1.60 per ordinary share. The convertible notes will mandatorily 
convert into ordinary shares upon acceptance of the first purchase order under the purchase agreement 
with LGES, although LGES may elect to convert some or all the notes prior to such time. No interest would 
be payable on the notes in these circumstances. 

The convertible notes may be redeemed or converted (at the election of LGES) on the maturity date, in 
which case interest is payable in cash (in respect of a redemption) or "in-kind" (in the case of conversion).  

The convertible notes are presented in the consolidated balance sheet as follows:  
Borrowings (non-current liabilities) 
(All in US$) 
Initial recognition 
Costs of issue of convertible notes 
Interest expense* 
Balance at 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 
2023 
27,640,052 
(43,614) 
957,772 
28,554,210 

* Interest expense, for the year ended 31 December 2023, is calculated by applying the effective interest rate of 
6.564% to the liability component. 

Derivative financial instruments (non-current liabilities) 
(All in US$) 
Initial recognition 
Costs of issue of convertible notes 
Fair value gain 
Effect of foreign currency movements 
Balance at 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 
2023 

2,359,948 
(3,724) 
(1,525,320) 
35,374 
866,278 

The fair value of the conversion option (derivative financial liability) was determined using Monte Carlo 
Simulation methodology. The derivative financial liability is carried at fair value at each reporting date, 
with  gains  or  losses  being  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  other 
comprehensive income. The remainder of the proceeds were allocated to borrowings with the liability 
recognised at amortised cost until extinguished on conversion or maturity of the notes. Interest is applied 
using the effective interest rate.  

Fair Value Hierarchy 

The derivative financial liability is classified as a Level 3 fair value in the fair value hierarchy as one or more 
of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data. 

The valuation model is highly sensitive to the probability weights applied to the timing of the placement 
of the purchase order, which is a significant unobservable input.  In the event the purchase order is 
placed before maturity date of the notes, the interest rate would become zero-coupon and, the fair 
value of the derivative would decrease by $1.3 million. 

103 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Note 24 

Borrowings 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Current US$ 

31-Dec-23 
Non-
Current 
US$ 

Total  

Current US$ 

US$ 

31-Dec-22 
Non-
Current  
US$ 

Total  

US$ 

Secured 

Bank loans (i) 

1,167,301 

33,044,170 

34,211,471 

971,159 

34,066,811 

35,037,970 

Total secured borrowings  

1,167,301 

33,044,170 

34,211,471 

971,159 

34,066,811 

35,037,970 

Unsecured 
Convertible Notes 

Other loans (ii) 

- 

28,554,210 

28,554,210 

- 

- 

- 

174,388 

1,622,121 

1,796,509 

114,155 

1,010,777 

1,124,932 

Total unsecured borrowings 

174,388 

30,176,331 

30,350,719 

114,155 

1,010,777 

1,124,932 

Total borrowings 

1,341,689 

63,220,501 

64,562,190 

1,085,314 

35,077,588 

36,162,902 

 (i) Secured liabilities and assets pledged as security 

(a)  On 1 December 2017, the Company purchased freehold land and buildings at 177 Bluewater Road, 
Bedford Canada for CAD$1,225,195 and from where the BTS business now operates. The Company 
entered into a loan facility of CAD $2,680,000 to purchase the land and buildings secured by a first 
mortgage over the property. At 31 December 2023, the facility had been fully drawn down. The total 
liability at 31 December 2023, is $1,827,703 (CAD $2,241,832). The facility is repayable in monthly 
instalments ending 15 September 2044. The carrying amount of this asset at 31 December 2023 and 
31 December 2022 was $2,842,406 and $3,160,854, respectively.  

(b)  On 28 May 2021, the Company purchased commercial land and buildings in Nova Scotia, Canada for 
CAD$3,550,000 from which the Cathode business operates. The Company entered into a loan facility 
to purchase the land and buildings. The total available under the facility is CAD $4,985,000 and it has 
been drawn down to CAD$4,923,000 as at 31 December 2023. The total liability at 31 December 2023 
is $3,574,365 (CAD $4,736,278).  The full facility is repayable in monthly instalments, commencing 
December 2022 and ending in November 2047.  The Company’s freehold land and buildings at 110 
Simmonds Drive, Dartmouth, Canada are pledged as collateral against the bank loan. The carrying 
amount of this asset at 31 December 2023, and 31 December 2022 was $3,329,187 and $3,754,397, 
respectively. 

104 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 24  Borrowings (continued) 

(c)  On  24  January  2022,  the  Company  entered  into  a  loan  facility  to  purchase  equipment.  The  total 
amount available under the facility was CAD $2,300,000. At 31 December 2023, the facility had been 
drawn down to CAD $500,000 and CAD $1,800,000 remains to be disbursed. The total liability at 31 
December  2023  was  $362,276  (CAD  $480,040).    The  facility  is  repayable  in  monthly  instalments, 
commencing in December 2023 and ending in November 2033. Equipment being purchased with the 
loan funds are pledged as collateral against the loan. 

(d) On  28  July  2021,  the  Company  purchased  commercial  land  and  buildings  in  Chattanooga,  USA  for 
$42,600,000 to expand the NAM business. The Company entered into a loan facility with PNC Real 
Estate for $30,100,000 to purchase the land and buildings. The loan has been fully drawn down at 31 
December 2023. The total liability at 31 December 2023, is $28,447,128. The facility is repayable in 
monthly instalments, which commenced in September 2021 and ending in August 2031. The land and 
buildings at 1029 West 19th Street, Chattanooga, USA have been pledged as security for the loan, with 
a  carrying  amount  of  $39,202,599  and  $40,230,812  at  31  December  2023  and  31  December  2022 
respectively.  Lastly,  the  Company  has  pledged  additional  collateral  with  the  Lender  for  capital 
expenditures, insurance, tax and production. 

Loan covenants  
This loan imposes certain covenants to ensure that the following financial ratios are met:  
• 

net assets of $30.1 million to be maintained (exclusive of the land and buildings secured by this 
loan and minimum liquidity of $3.1 million) 
a debt service coverage ratio of 1.2 to 1 is to be maintained. 

• 

Compliance with loan covenants 
The  Company  has  complied with  the  financial  covenants  of  its  borrowing facilities  during  both  the 
twelve months ended 31 December 2023 and the six months ended 31 December 2022. 

(ii) Other loans 

ACOA Loans 

In  December  2017,  the  Company  entered  into  a  contribution  agreement  with  Atlantic  Canada 
Opportunities Agency ("ACOA"), for CAD$500,000. At 31 December 2023, CAD$500,000 of the facility has 
been drawn down. The funding was to assist with expanding the market to reach new customers through 
marketing and product improvements. The facility is repayable in monthly instalments which commenced 
in September 2019 and ending in May 2027. 

In  October  2018,  the  Company  entered  into  another  contribution  agreement  with  ACOA,  for 
CAD$500,000. At December 31, 2023, CAD$500,000 of the facility has been drawn down. The funding was 
to  assist  in  establishing  a  battery  cell  manufacturing  facility.  The  facility  is  repayable  in  monthly 
instalments which commenced in January 2021 and ending in December 2026. 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 24  Borrowings (continued) 

In July 2021, the Company entered into a further contribution agreement with ACOA, for CAD$250,000. 
At 31 December 2023, the facility has been fully drawn down. The funding was to assist in expanding the 
BTS operations. The facility is repayable in monthly instalments commencing in January 2024 and ending 
in December 2026. 

In  December  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  further  contribution  agreement  with  ACOA  for 
CAD$1,000,000. At 31 December 2023, it has been fully drawn down. The funding will be used to will 
assist with purchasing equipment for the cathode pilot line and expansion of cell making capabilities. The 
facility is repayable in monthly instalments commencing in January 2025 and ending in December 2036.   

In March 2023, the Company entered into a further contribution agreement with ACOA for CAD$886,000. 
At 31 December 2023, the facility has been fully drawn down. The funding will be used to will assist with 
purchasing equipment for the cathode pilot line and expansion of cell making capabilities. The facility is 
repayable in monthly instalments commencing in January 2025 and ending in December 2036.   

(iii) Fair value 

For  all  borrowings,  other  than  the  ACOA  loan  noted  at  (ii)  above,  the  fair  values  are  not  materially 
different  to  their  carrying  amounts,  since  the  interest  payable  on  those  borrowings  is  either  close  to 
current market rates or the borrowings are of a short-term nature. 

The ACOA loans are interest free. The initial fair value of the ACOA loans were determined using a market 
interest rate for equivalent borrowings at the issue date. This resulted in a day one gain of $100,152 in 
FY2018 (December 2017 loan), a day one gain of $114,106 in FY2019 (October 2018 loan) and a day one 
gain of $219,557 in the twelve months ended 30 June 2022.  

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 25  Contributed Equity 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

(a)  Share capital 
Ordinary shares 
Fully paid 

31-Dec-23 

31-Dec-22 

31-Dec-23 

31-Dec-22 

Shares 

Shares 

US$ 

US$ 

488,733,461 

486,774,622 

338,425,286 

338,108,198 

(b) 

Date 

Ordinary share capital 

Details 

1-Jul-22  Balance 
7-Jul-22  Exercise of options 

  Exercise of share rights 

8-Jul-22  Exercise of options 

5-Aug-22  Exercise of performance rights 
22-Dec-22  Exercise of performance rights 

  Share issue costs 

31-Dec-22  Balance 
15-Mar-23  Exercise of options 

  Exercise of performance rights 
  Exercise of options 
12-Apr-23  Exercise of performance rights 
1-May-23  Exercise of performance rights 
29-Jun-23  Exercise of performance rights 
21-Jul-23  Exercise of performance rights 
1-Aug-23  Exercise of performance rights 
21-Aug-23  Exercise of performance rights 
29-Aug-23  Exercise of options 

  Exercise of share rights 
1-Sep-23  Exercise of performance rights 
20-Oct-23  Exercise of performance rights 
24-Oct-23  Exercise of options 
21-Nov-23  Exercise of performance rights 
28-Nov-23  Exercise of performance rights 
9-Dec-23  Exercise of performance rights 
14-Dec-23  Exercise of performance rights 

  Share issue costs 

31-Dec-23  Balance 

Note 

(e) 
(f) 
(e) 
(c) 
(c) 

(e) 
(c) 
(e) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 
(e) 
(f) 
(c) 
(c) 
(e) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 
(c) 

Number of 
Shares 
485,951,369 
150,000 
302,539 
20,000 
255,996 
94,718 
- 
486,774,622 
33,333 
8,309 
66,666 
1,910 
23,356 
39,515 
314,276 
6,002 
4,312 
500,000 
419,719 
250,000 
18,174 
150,000 
7,526 
2,178 
21,563 
92,000 

US$ 

338,011,842 
92,097 
- 
12,283 
- 
- 
(8,024) 
338,108,198 
11,080 
- 
40,273 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
225,729 
- 
- 
- 
52,439 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(12,433) 

488,733,461 

338,425,286 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 25  Contributed Equity (continued) 

(c) 

Exercise of performance rights 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  699,961  ordinary  shares  were  issued  to  non-KMP 
employees, and 89,160 were issued to KMP Rashda Buttar, on the exercise of vested performance 
rights. 

During the six-month period ended 31 December 2022 350,714 ordinary shares were issued to non-
KMP employees on the exercise of vested performance rights. 

(e) 

Exercise of options 

On 24 October 2023, 150,000 options were exercised at AUD$0.55 per share. 

On 29 August 2023, 500,000 options were exercised at AUD $0.70 per share. 

On 23 March 2023, 66,666 options were exercised at AUD$0.90 per share. 

On 15 March 2023, 33,333 options were exercised at AUD$0.50 per share. 

On 7 July 2022, 150,000 options were exercised at AUD$0.90 per share. 

On 8 July 2022, 20,000 options were exercised at AUD$0.90 per share. 

(f) 

Exercise of Share Rights 

On 29 August 2023, 419,719 ordinary shares were issued to Directors on the vesting of share 
rights (See Note 27 - Share-based Payments). 

On 7 July 2022, 302,539 ordinary shares were issued to Directors on the vesting of share rights 
(See Note 27 – Share-based Payments).  

(g) 

Capital Management 
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard its ability to continue as a going 
concern, so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders, benefits for other stakeholders 
and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

The  capital  structure  of  the  Group  includes  equity  attributable  to  equity  holders,  comprising  of 
issued capital, reserves and accumulated losses. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, 
the  Company  may  issue  new  shares,  sell  assets  to  reduce  debt  or  adjust  the  level  of  activities 
undertaken by the company. 

The Group monitors capital on the basis of cash flow requirements for operational, and exploration 
and  evaluation  expenditure.  The  Group  will  continue  to  use  capital  market  issues  to  satisfy 
anticipated funding requirements.  

The Group has no externally imposed capital requirements. The Group’s strategy for  capital risk 
management is unchanged from prior years. 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 26  Reserves 

Share-based payment reserve 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
Convertible loan note reserve 

(a) Share-based payment reserve 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

42,462,654 
(16,626,921) 
4,523,095 

37,161,498 
(15,136,944) 
4,523,095 

30,358,828 

26,547,649 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

Share-based payment reserve 

42,462,654 

37,161,498 

Movements: 
Opening balance 
Performance rights cash settled in current period (refer note 29) 
Equity settled share-based payments 
Exchange differences 

Closing balance 

37,161,498 
(296,432) 
5,621,960 
(24,372) 

42,462,654 

32,025,511 
(133,878) 
5,354,429 
(84,564) 

37,161,498 

The  share-based  payment  reserve  includes  items  recognised  as  expenses  on  valuation  of  director, 
employee and contractor options and performance rights. 

(b) Foreign currency translation reserve 

Consolidated 

31-Dec-23 
US$ 

31-Dec-22 
US$ 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

(16,626,918) 

(15,136,944) 

Movements: 
Opening balance 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 

Closing balance 

(15,136,944) 
(1,489,974) 

(12,691,406) 
(2,445,538) 

(16,626,918) 

(15,136,944) 

The foreign currency translation reserve records exchange differences arising on translation of a foreign 
controlled subsidiary. 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 27 

Operating Segments 

The Group has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used 
by the Executive Key Management Personnel (Chief Operating Decision Makers or “CODMs”) in assessing 
performance  and  determining  the  allocation  of  resources.  The  Group  is  managed  primarily  on  an 
operational basis. Operating segments are determined on the basis of financial information reported to 
the Board.  

The CODMs have identified three operating segments being Battery Materials, Battery Technology, and 
Graphite  Exploration.  The  Battery  Materials  segment  develops  and  manufactures  battery  anode 
materials,  and  the  Battery  Technology  segment  develops  battery  cell  testing  equipment,  performs 
consulting  services  and  carries  out  research  and  development  in  battery  development  (inclusive  of 
cathode  technology).  The  Graphite  Exploration  segment  manages  the  maintenance  and  future 
development  of  Mount  Dromedary  natural  graphite  deposit.  The  Company  will  reassess  reportable 
segments if and when the assets held for sale are sold. See Note 18 - Exploration and Evaluation Assets. 

Basis of accounting for purposes of reporting by operating segments 

a.  Accounting policies adopted 

Unless stated otherwise, all amounts reported to the Board, being the  CODMs with respect to 
operating segments, are determined in accordance with accounting policies that are consistent 
with those adopted in the financial report of the Group. 

b.  Segment assets 

Where  an  asset  is  used  across  multiple  segments,  the  asset  is  allocated  to  the  segment  that 
receives the majority of the economic value from the asset. In most instances, segment assets 
are clearly identifiable on the basis of their nature and physical location. 

c.  Segment liabilities 

Liabilities are allocated to segments where there is a direct nexus between the incurrence of the 
liability and the operations of the segment.  Borrowings and tax liabilities are generally considered 
to relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocated.  Segment liabilities include trade and 
other payables. 

d.  Unallocated items 

The following items for revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities are not allocated to operating 
segments as they are not considered part of the core operations of any segment: 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

interest income 
corporate administrative and other expenses 
income tax expense 
corporate share-based payment expenses 
corporate marketing and project development expenses 
corporate cash and cash equivalents 
corporate trade and other payables 
corporate trade and other receivables. 

110 

 
 
 
Note 27 

Operating Segments (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

e.  Segment information 

Segment performance 

12 months ended 31 December 
2023 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration  

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment revenue 

Other income 

Interest income 

Total income 

- 

8,054,529 

37,360 

1,936,862 

- 

- 

37,360 

9,991,391 

Segment net loss from continuing 
operations before tax 

(32,344,084) 

(7,388,442) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,054,529 

24,550 

1,998,772 

1,611,128 

1,611,128 

1,635,678 

11,664,429 

(6,515,735) 

(46,248,261) 

6 months ended 31 December 
2022 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration 

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment revenue 

Other income 

Interest income 

Total income 

- 

2,702,276 

35,154 

260,536 

- 

- 

35,154 

2,962,812 

Segment net loss from continuing 
operations before tax 

(14,584,755) 

(5,520,718) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

19,416 

19,416 

US$ 

2,702,276 

295,690 

19,416 

3,017,382 

(7,758,541) 

(27,864,014) 

Segment assets  

31 December 2023 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration  

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment assets 

147,476,907 

20,367,755 

2,225,693 

93,272,688  263,343,043 

31 December 2022 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration 

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment assets 

153,744,385 

19,635,067 

2,219,480  101,825,626  277,424,558 

111 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 27  Operating Segments (continued) 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Segment liabilities 

31 December 2023 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration  

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment liabilities 

69,102,062 

9,874,301 

430,405 

79,406,768 

-    

31 December 2022 

Battery 
Materials 

Battery 
Technology 

Graphite 
Exploration  

Unallocated 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Segment liabilities 

40,119,176 

8,960,085 

- 

2,289,028 

51,368,289 

Geographical Segments 

For the purposes of segment reporting, all segment activities relating to Graphite Exploration are carried 
out in Australia and all segment activities relating to Battery Materials and Battery Technology are carried 
out in North America. 

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, North America, Asia, Australia, and Europe accounted 
for 82%, 8%, 6% and 4% of revenues, respectively. For the six months ended December 31, 2022, North 
America, Asia, Australia, and Europe accounted for 85%, 11%, 3% and 1% of revenues, respectively. For 
the twelve months ended June 30, 2022, North America, Asia, and Europe accounted for 79%, 17% and 
4%  of  revenues,  respectively.  For  the  twelve  months  ended  June  30,  2021,  North  America,  Asia,  and 
Europe accounted for 82%, 8% and 10% of revenues, respectively.   

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had two customers, included in consulting services 
revenue stream, that accounted for approximately 17% and 15% of total revenues, respectively.  For the 
six  months December  31,  2022,  the  Company  had  three  major  customers,  included  in  the  consulting 
services  revenue  stream,  that  accounted  for  approximately  27%,  22%,  and  11%  of  total  revenue, 
respectively  and  two  major  customers,  included  in  the  hardware  revenue  stream,  that  accounted  for 
approximately  25%  and  12%  of  total  revenues,  respectively.  For  the  year  ended  June  30,  2022,  the 
Company  had  two  customers,  included  in  the  consulting  services  revenue  stream,  that  accounted  for 
approximately 15%, and 12% of total revenues, respectively and one major  customer, included in the 
hardware and consulting services revenue streams, that accounted for 11% of total revenue. For the year 
ended  June  30,  2021,  the  Company  had  three  customers,  included  in  the  consulting  services  revenue 
stream, that accounted for approximately 17%, 14% and 10% of total revenues, respectively.  

112 

 
 
 
                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 28  Cash Flow Information 

Reconciliation of profit / (loss) after income tax to net cash outflow from operating activities 

Profit / (loss) for the period 
Adjustments for 
  Share based payments 
  Borrowing costs 
  Loss on sale of fixed assets 
  Software written off 
  Fair value movement in derivative 
  Foreign exchange (gain) / loss 
  Amortisation & depreciation expense 

Change in operating assets and liabilities: 
  (Increase)/decrease in trade receivables 
  (Increase)/decrease in inventories 
  (Increase)/decrease in other operating assets 
  (Increase)/decrease in deferred tax assets 
  Increase / (decrease) in trade creditors 
  Increase / (decrease) in income taxes payable 
  Increase / (decrease) in other operating liabilities 

Consolidated 

12 months 
ended 31 
December 
2023 

$ 

6 months 
ended 31 
December 
2022 

$ 

(46,248,261) 

(27,864,014) 

5,620,643 
983,833 
- 
- 
(1,512,859) 
(137,781) 
4,739,719 

(567,851) 
1,202,967 
629,315 
(200,992) 
(1,368,063) 
107,458 
523,449 

5,357,063 
44,960 
33,485 
96,596 
- 
(1,368,856) 
2,572,018 

232,354 
(1,383,644) 
2,432,642 
- 
1,340,692 
- 
(359,867) 

Net cash outflow from operating activities 

(36,228,423) 

(18,866,571) 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 28  Cash Flow Information (continued) 

(a)  Net debt reconciliation 

This section sets out an analysis of net debt and the movements in net debt for each period presented. 

  Net debt 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Lease liability - repayable within one year 
Borrowings – repayable within one year (including 
overdraft) 
Lease liability - repayable after one year 
Borrowings – repayable after one year 

Net cash (debt) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Gross debt – fixed interest rates 
Gross debt – variable interest rates 

Net cash (debt) 

Non-cash investing and financing activities 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

78,713,885 
(345,933) 

99,039,172 
(353,378) 

(1,341,689) 

(1,085,314) 

(4,479,627) 
(63,220,501) 

(4,825,560) 
(35,077,588) 

9,326,135 

57,697,332 

78,713,885 
(35,176,279) 
(34,211,471) 

99,039,172 
(6,303,869) 
(35,037,971) 

9,326,135 

57,697,332 

Liabilities from financing 
activities 

Borrowings 
due within 1 
year  

Borrowings 
due after 1 
year  

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Cash 

US$ 

Net debt as at 1 July 2022 

142,737,362 

(1,353,688) 

(40,955,318) 

100,428,356 

Cash flows 

(45,587,951) 

655,178 

- 

(44,932,773) 

Other non-cash movements 

1,889,761 

(740,182) 

1,052,170 

2,201,749 

Net cash as at 31 December 2022 

99,039,172 

(1,438,692) 

(39,903,148) 

57,697,332 

Cash flows 

(18,653,649) 

1,428,959 

(30,752,830) 

(47,977,520) 

Other non-cash movements 

(1,671,638) 

(1,677,889) 

2,955,850 

(393,677) 

Net cash as at 31 December 2023 

78,713,885 

(1,687,622) 

(67,700,128) 

9,326,135 

Non-cash investing and financing activities disclosed in other notes are: 

•  Right of use assets – note 22 
•  Options and shares issued to employees – note 30 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 29 

Interests in Subsidiaries 

Information about Principal Subsidiaries 
The  Group’s  material  subsidiaries  at  31  December  2023  are  set  out  in  the  following  table.  Unless 
otherwise stated, each entity has share capital consisting solely of ordinary shares that are held by the 
Group, and the proportion of ownership interest held equals the voting rights held by the Group. The 
country of incorporation or registration is also their principal place of business. The functional currency 
of each of the Company’s entities is the currency of the primary economic environment in which that 
entity  operates.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  U.S.  dollars  (See  Note  1  –
Summary of significant accounting policies). 

Ownership interest held of 
the Group 

Place of business 
/ country of 
incorporation 

31 December 
2023  
% 

31 December 
2022  
% 

Name of entity 

MD South Tenements Pty Ltd 

Australia 

100% 

100% 

NOVONIX Battery Technology 
Solutions Inc 

NOVONIX Corp 

NOVONIX Anode Material LLC 

USA 

USA 

Canada 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Investment 

100% 

100% 

NOVONIX 1029 LLC 

USD 

100% 

100% 

Principal 
activities 

Graphite 
exploration 

Battery 
technology 
services. 

Battery 
materials 
development 
Real estate 
borrower 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 30  Share-Based Payments 

Performance Rights and Options  
Employees  of  the  Group  participate  in  the  Group’s  Long-Term  Incentive  Program  (“LTIP”)  comprising 
grants of performance rights and options with varying vesting conditions. The performance rights and 
options  carry  no  dividend  or  voting  rights.  Performance  rights  and  options  may  vest  immediately  or 
dependent on the recipient remaining in employment, or achievement of performance related vesting 
conditions, by the vesting date. Upon vesting, each performance right and option is convertible into one 
ordinary share of NOVONIX Limited. If an executive ceases employment before the rights or options vest, 
the rights or options will be forfeited, except in limited circumstances that they are approved by the Board 
on a case-by-case basis. 

Share Rights 
Non-executive Directors participate on an annual grant of equity awards using a value-based approach, 
which the Board has adopted by issuing Share Rights to Non-Executive Directors of the Company each 
financial year with a fixed US dollar value of $110,000. As a consequence of the Company changing its 
fiscal year end from 30 June to 31 December, Directors were scheduled to receive share rights for the 
period  1  July  2023  to  31  December  2023  (“2023  partial  year”)  to  align  with  the  new  fiscal  year-end. 
Shareholders approved the 2023 partial year share rights; however, they were not issued and will not be 
issued. The Board has determined that one Director shall be granted his share rights for the period from 
his appointment in October 2022 to 30 June 2023, subject to shareholder approval. We view this as an 
additional sign to shareholders of the Board’s long-term commitment to the team and Company.  

The share rights carry no dividend or voting rights. Upon vesting, each share right is convertible into one 
ordinary share of NOVONIX Limited. If a non-executive director ceases to hold office before the share 
rights vest, the rights will convert on a prorate basis. 

The following table presents the composition of share-based payments expense for the year ended 31 
December 2023 and the six-month period ended 31 December 2022. 

Share-based payments expense for the year is derived as follows:  

Share rights granted in current year 
Share rights granted in prior year 
Performance rights granted in current year   
Performance rights granted in prior years 
Options granted in prior years 
Share based payment expense 
Payment of withholding tax - Performance rights 
Exchange differences 

Movement in share-based payments reserve 

12 months 

6 months 

ended              

ended              

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

US$ 
31,943 
368,039 
989,336 
4,104,908 
127,734 
5,621,960 
(296,432) 
(24,373) 

5,301,155 

US$ 
444,480 
- 
2,274,551 
2,582,698 
52,700 
5,354,429 
(133,878) 
(84,564) 

5,135,987 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 30  Share-Based Payments (continued) 

Share Rights 

A summary of movements of all share rights issued is as follows:  

Share rights outstanding as at 1 January 2023 

Granted 

Forfeited 

Exercised 

Number on 
issue 

436,403 

65,405 

(16,684) 

Number 
Vested 

16,433 

- 

- 

(419,719) 

(16,433) 

Share rights outstanding as at 31 December 2023 

65,405 

- 

During the year ended 31 December 2023, share rights were granted to a non-executive Director, Ron 
Edmonds,  subject  to  shareholder  approval  at  the  2024  Annual  General  Meeting.  The  share  rights  are 
convertible to ordinary shares on a 1:1 basis and vest on receipt of Shareholder approval. The value of 
each share right was determined with reference to the market value of the underlying securities on grant 
date. An expense of $31,943 was recognised for the year ended 31 December 2023. During the six months 
ended December 31, 2022, share rights were granted to non-executive Directors following shareholder 
approval at the Annual General Meeting on October 26, 2022. The share rights are convertible to ordinary 
shares on a 1:1 basis and vested on 30 June 2023. The value of each share right was determined with 
reference to the market value of the underlying securities on grant date. An expense of $444,480 was 
recognised  for  the  six  months  ended  December  31,  2022.  Further  details  of  the  share  rights  granted 
during the year 31 December 2023, are set out in the table below: 

Name 

Grant date 

Number 

Vesting 
date 

Ron Edmonds 

31 Dec 2023 

31 Dec 2023 

54,863 

10,542 

31 Dec 2023 

31 Dec 2023 

Total expense recognised 

Fair value 

Expiry 

AUD 

$0.74 

$0.74 

31 Dec 2024 

31 Dec 2024 

Expense 
recognised 
US$ 

26,794 

5,149 

31,943 

117 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 30  Share-Based Payments (continued) 

Performance Rights 

A summary of movements of all performance rights issued is as follows: 

Number on 
issue 

Number 
Vested 

Performance rights outstanding as at 1 July 2022 

5,057,277 

Vested 

Granted 

Forfeited 

Exercised 

- 

6,547,018 

(128,503) 

600,000 

463,897 

- 

- 

(463,897) 

(463,897) 

Performance rights outstanding as at 31 December 2022 

11,011,895 

- 

Vested 

Granted 

Forfeited 

Exercised  

- 

1,252,558 

4,631,721 

(962,688) 

- 

- 

(1,252,558) 

(1,252,558) 

Performance rights outstanding as at 31 December 2023 

13,428,370 

- 

Performance rights granted in the current period 

During  the  twelve  months  ended  December  31,  2023,  performance  rights  (convertible  to  ordinary 
shares on a 1:1 basis) were granted to Key Management Personnel, other employees and contractors 
as set out in the table below. The value of each performance right was determined with reference to 
the market value of the underlying securities on grant date.  

962,688 performance rights were forfeited during the six months ended December 31, 2022, as not 
all vesting conditions were met. 

Further details of the performance rights are set out in the table below: 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Note 30  Share-Based Payments (continued) 

Name 

Rashda Buttar 

Nick Liveris 

Chris Burns 

Grant date 

Number 

Vesting date 

April 13, 2023 

April 5, 2023 

April 13, 2023 

253,401 

December 31, 2025 

549,035 

December 31, 2025 

1,604,871 

December 31, 2025 

Fair value 
AUD 
$1.09 

$1.21 

$1.09 

Expiry 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Expense recognised   
US$ 

37,279 

89,663 

236,100 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

$1.41 

Cessation of employment 

392,726 

 ¼ January 3, 2024 

 ¼ January 3, 2025 

 ¼ January 3, 2026 

 ¼ January 3, 2027 

4 equal annual 
tranches commencing 
on the anniversary of 
employment 

Non-KMP employees 

January 3, 2023 

1,030,325 

Non-KMP employees 

January 27, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

February 6, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

March 2, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

Non-KMP employees 

Non-KMP employees 

Non-KMP employees 

Non-KMP employees 

May 8, 2023 

July 11, 2023 

July 14, 2023 

July 24, 2023 

July 31, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

August 1, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

August 21, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

September 2, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

November 9, 2023 

Non-KMP employees 

October 7, 2022 

Non-KMP employees 

November 28, 2022 

58,636 

18,942 

43,078 

124,505 

42,506 

85,618 

39,960 

69,290 

170,019 

125,862 

300,000 

57,019 

37,587 

21,067 

$1.86 

$1.80 

$1.49 

$0.99 

$0.93 

$1.05 

$0.95 

$0.93 

$0.95 

$1.08 

$0.93 

$0.75 

$1.86 

$2.18 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Cessation of employment 

Total number issued 

4,631,721 

Total expense recognised 

16,084 

10,739 

19,645 

28,534 

6,806 

15,850 

6,124 

9,812 

24,805 

17,137 

31,574 

2,238 

27,243 

16,976 

989,336 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 30  Share-Based Payments (continued) 

Performance rights net settled for withholding tax obligations 

The Group has an obligation to withhold tax on the vesting of performance rights for employee’s 
resident in the USA and Canada.   As consideration for the withholding tax, the Group reduces the 
number of shares to be issued to the employees (net settled). 

During the year the Group net settled the following share-based payments: 

Name 

Non-KMP employees 

Rashda Buttar 

Total 

 OPTIONS 

Performance 
rights vested 
& exercised 

Net settled 
shares 

844,449 

158,110 

449,961 

89,160 

Withholding 
obligation 

US$ 

251,128 

45,304 

296,432 

A summary of movements of all options issued is as follows: 

Options outstanding as at 1 July 2022 

Granted to employees 

Forfeited 

Exercised 

Options outstanding as at 31 December 2022 

Vested options outstanding as at 31 December 2022 

Forfeited 

Exercised 

Options outstanding as at 31 December 2023 

Vested options outstanding as at 31 December 2023 

Number 

29,330,001 

- 

(66,667) 

(170,000) 

29,093,334 

13,560,000 

(133,334) 

(749,999) 

28,210,001 

12,676,667 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
AUD 

$0.51 

- 

$0.50 

$0.90 

$0.51 

$0.52 

$1.30 

$0.68 

$0.50 

$0.50 

The weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding at 31 December 2023 was 3.4  
years (31 December 2022: 3.8 years). 

The  range  of  exercise  prices  for  options  outstanding  at  31  December  2023  was  AUD$0.50  to 
AUD$0.55, and at 31 December 2022 was AUD$0.50 to AUD$1.40. 

There were no options granted during the twelve months ended 31 December 2023 and twelve 
months ended 31 December 2022.  

120 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 31  Events After the Reporting Date 

In February 2024, NOVONIX and Panasonic Energy, a leading manufacturer of EV batteries in North 
America, each announced the signing of a binding off-take agreement for high-performance synthetic 
graphite  anode  material  to  be  supplied  to  Panasonic  Energy’s  North  American  operations  from 
NOVONIX’s  Riverside  facility  in  Chattanooga,  Tennessee.  Under  the  off-take  agreement,  Panasonic 
Energy has agreed to purchase at least 10,000 tonnes of anode material for use in its North American 
plants over the term of 2025-2028, subject to NOVONIX achieving agreed upon milestones regarding 
final mass production qualification timelines prior to the fourth quarter of 2025. Panasonic Energy has 
the right to reduce the 10,000 tonnes volume (by up to 20%) if these milestones are not achieved by 
the required dates or to terminate the agreement if there is a substantial delay to achieving these 
milestones. During the term, if additional volumes are requested by Panasonic Energy, NOVONIX shall 
use its best efforts to deliver the increased volumes. The companies have agreed to a pricing structure 
that incorporates a mechanism for adjusting the price in response to significant changes in NOVONIX’s 
raw material costs. 

There have been no other matters or circumstances that have arisen since the end of the financial 
year  which  significantly  affected  or  could  significantly  affect  the  operations  of  the  Company,  the 
results of those operations or the state of affairs of the Company in future financial years. 

Note 32  Related Party Transactions 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  the  Group  entered  into  the  following  related  party 
transactions. 

(a)  On 5 April 2023, 1,604,871 performance rights were granted to Chris Burns as an LTI. The 
performance  rights  (convertible  to  ordinary  shares  on  a  1:1  basis)  vest  on  31  December 
2025. 50% of the performance rights vest subject to continued employment over the vesting 
period, and 50% vest subjec5 to the achievement of performance conditions. An expense of 
$119,312  was  recognised  during  the  six-months  ended  30  June  2023  relating  to  these 
performance rights. 

(b)  On 5 April 2023, 253,401 performance rights were granted to Rashda Buttar as an LTI. The 
performance  rights  (convertible  to  ordinary  shares  on  a  1:1  basis)  vest  on  31  December 
2025. 50% of the performance rights vest subject to continued employment over the vesting 
period, and 50% vest subject to the achievement of performance conditions. An expense of 
$18,839  was  recognised  during  the  six-months  ended  30  June  2023  relating  to  these 
performance rights. 

(c)  On  5  April  2023,  549,035  performance rights  were  granted  to  Nick  Liveris  as  an  LTI.  The 
performance  rights  (convertible  to  ordinary  shares  on  a  1:1  basis)  vest  on  31  December 
2025. 50% of the performance rights vest subject to continued employment over the vesting 
period, and 50% vest subject to the achievement of performance conditions. An expense of 
$40,818 was  recognised  during  the  six-months  ended  30  June  2023  relating  to  these 
performance rights. 

(d)  During the year ended 31 December 2023, Phillips 66 were paid fees totalling $59,534 for 
Ms Zhanna Golodryga's and Mr Suresh Vaidyanathan’s services to the Group as Directors.  

121 

 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 32 

Related Party Transactions (continued) 

(e)  Ms.  Zhanna  Golodryga  and  Mr.  Suresh  Vaidyanathan  are  not  permitted  to  receive 
remuneration in their personal capacity under the terms of their employment with Phillips 
66 and terms of engagement with the Group. Accordingly, all fees earned by them are paid 
directly to Phillips 66. 

During the six-month period ended 31 December 2022 there were the following related party 
transactions:  

(a)  On 26 October 2022, the following Share rights were issued to non-executive Directors. The 
share rights are convertible to ordinary shares on a 1:1 basis, and will vest on 30 June 2023: 

a.  Tony Bellas (Director) – 69,995 share rights 
b.  Andrew Liveris (Director) – 69,995 share rights 
c.  Robert Cooper (Director) – 69,995 share rights 
d.  Zhanna Golodryga (Director) – 69,995 share rights 
e.  Robert Natter (Director) – 69,995 share rights 
f. 
Jean Oelwang (Director) – 69,995 share rights 

An expense of $412,522 relating to these share rights has been recognised during the six-
month period ended 31 December 2022. 

(b)  On 26 October 2022, the following Share rights were issued to non-executive Directors. The 
share rights are convertible to ordinary shares on a 1:1 basis, and vested immediately: 

a.  Robert Natter (Director) – 7,263 share rights 
b.  Jean Oelwang (Director) – 9,170 share rights 

An expense of $31,932 relating to these share rights has been recognised during the six-
month period ended 31 December 2022. 

(c)  On 1 July 2022, 2,275,400 performance rights were granted to Chris Burns as an LTI for the 
period 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023. The performance rights (convertible to ordinary shares 
on  a  1:1  basis)  vest  on  30  June  2025.  50%  of  the  performance  rights  vest  subject  to 
continued  employment,  and  50%  vest  subject  to  the  achievement  of  performance 
conditions.  An  expense  of  $777,119  was  recognised  during  the  six-months  ended  31 
December 2022 relating to these performance rights. 

(d)  On 1 July 2022, 359,300 performance rights were granted to Rashda Buttar as an LTI for the 
period 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023. The performance rights (convertible to ordinary shares 
on  a  1:1  basis)  vest  on  30  June  2025.  50%  of  the  performance  rights  vest  subject  to 
continued  employment,  and  50%  vest  subject  to  the  achievement  of  performance 
conditions.  An  expense  of  $122,712  was  recognised  during  the  six-months  ended  31 
December 2022 relating to these performance rights. 

122 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 32 

Related Party Transactions (continued) 

(e)  On 1  July 2022, 482,441 performance rights were  granted to Rashda Buttar as a true-up 
grant. Rashda Buttar has previously received a grant of performance rights upon being hired, 
however following the implementation of equity guidelines, a true-up grant was required 
to make her whole in relation to the new guidelines. The performance rights (convertible to 
ordinary shares on a 1:1 basis) vest annual in four equal tranches from 1 July 2023 through 
to 1 July 2026. All performance rights vest subject to continued employment. An expense of 
$197,860 was recognised during the six-months ended 31 December 2022 relating to these 
performance rights. 

(f)  On 26 October 2022, 778,400 performance rights were granted to Nick Liveris as an LTI for 
the period 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023 and 667,831 performance rights for FY2022. The 
performance rights (convertible to ordinary shares on a 1:1 basis) vest on 30 June 2025. 50% 
of the performance rights vest subject to continued employment, and 50% vest subject to 
the achievement of performance conditions. An expense of $265,848 was recognised during 
the six-months ended 31 December 2022 relating to these performance rights. 

(g)  During the six-month period ended 31 December 2022, Phillips 66 were paid fees totalling 
$30,000 and issued share rights to the value of $68,758, for Ms Zhanna Golodryga services 
to  the  Company  as  a  Director.  Ms  Zhanna  Golodryga  is  not  permitted  to  receive 
remuneration, including any equity incentives, in her personal capacity under the terms of 
her employment with Phillips 66 and terms of engagement with the Company. Accordingly, 
all fees earned by Ms Zhanna Golodryga are paid directly to Phillips 66. 

There were no other related party transactions during the current or prior financial periods. For details 
of disclosures relating to key management personnel, refer to Note 7. 

Note 33 

Commitments and Contingencies  

(a) 

Exploration commitments 

Commitments for payments under exploration permits 
in existence at the reporting date but not recognised as 
liabilities payable 

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

  31 December 
2022 
US$ 

2,000 

4,000 

So as to maintain current rights to tenure of various exploration tenements, the Group will be required 
to  outlay  amounts  in  respect  of  tenement  exploration  expenditure  commitments.  These  outlays, 
which arise in relation to granted tenements are noted above. The outlays may be varied from time 
to  time,  subject  to  approval  of  the  relevant  government  departments,  and  may  be  relieved  if  a 
tenement is relinquished. 

Exploration commitments are calculated on the assumption that each of these tenements will be held 
for its full term. But, in fact, commitments will decrease materially as exploration advances and ground 
that  is  shown  not  to  be  prospective  is  progressively  surrendered.  Expenditure  commitments  on 
prospective ground will be met out of existing funds, farm-outs, and new capital raisings. 

123 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 33 

Commitments and Contingencies (continued) 

(b)  Capital commitments 

Significant capital expenditure contracted for at the end of the reporting period but not recognised 
as liabilities is as follows:  

Consolidated 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

  31 December 
2022 
US$ 

Property, plant, and equipment 

9,321,453 

16,315,454 

The capital commitments relate to purchases of property, plant and equipment in connection with the 
expansion  of  our  business  and  development  of  our  technologies  in  the  NAM  and  BTS  business 
segments and are expected to be recognised within the next twelve months. 

(c)        Legal Proceedings 

The Group is currently not a party to any material legal proceedings. From time to time, the Group 
may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Such claims or 
legal  actions,  even  if  without  merit,  could  result  in  the  expenditure  of  significant  financial  and 
management resources and potentially result in civil liability for damages. 

124 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 34  Financial Risk Management 

This note explains the Group’s exposure to financial risks and how these risks could affect the Group’s 
future  financial  performance.  Current  year  profit  and  loss  information  has  been  included  where 
relevant to add further context. 

The Group’s financial instruments consist mainly of deposits with banks and accounts receivable and 
payable. 

The totals for each category of financial instruments, measured in accordance with IAS 39: Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement as detailed in the accounting policies to these financial 
statements, are as follows: 

Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Total financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Trade payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 

Total financial liabilities 

Consolidated 

Notes 

31 December 
2023 
US$ 

31 December 
2022 
US$ 

11 
12 

17 

20 
22 
24 

78,713,885 
4,358,833 
16,666,665 

99,739,383 

1,342,369 
4,825,560 
64,562,190 

70,730,119 

99,039,172 
11,984,834 
16,490,271 

127,514,277 

4,108,380 
5,178,938 
36,162,902 

45,450,220 

The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives 
and  policies.  The  overall  objective  of  the  Board  is  to  set  policies  that  seek  to  reduce  risk  as  far  as 
possible without unduly affecting the Group’s competitiveness and flexibility.  

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk that the change in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates 
and equity prices will affect the Group’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. 

The Group is not exposed to market risks other than interest rate risk. 

Foreign currency risk 

Foreign  exchange  risk  arises  from  future  transactions  and  recognised  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in a currency that is not the functional currency of the relevant Group entity. Exposure 
to  foreign  currency  risk  may  result  in  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument 
fluctuating  due  to  movement  in  foreign  exchange  rates  of  currencies  in  which  the  Group  holds 
financial instruments which are other than the USD. 

125 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 34  Financial Risk Management (continued) 

With instruments being held by overseas operations, fluctuations in the Canadian dollar may impact 
on the Group’s financial results. 

The  following  table  shows  the  foreign  currency  risk  as  on  the  financial  assets  and  liabilities  of  the 
Group’s operations denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operations.  

The Group’s exposure to foreign currency risk at the end of the reporting period, expressed in 
United States dollars, was as follows:  

31 December 

31 December 

31 December 

31 December 

2023 
CAD $ 

2022 
CAD $ 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
25,038 

2023 
USD $ 

32,748,324 
2,427,380 
37,283 

2022 
USD $ 

55,708,444 
3,296,587 
2,424,565 

Cash at bank 
Trade receivables 
Trade payables 

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk 

The Group’s main interest rate risk arises from long-term borrowings with variable rates, which expose 
the Group to cash flow interest rate risk.  During the six-month period ended 31 December 2022, the 
Group’s borrowings at variable rates were denominated in Canadian and US dollars. 

As the Group has interest-bearing cash assets, the Company’s income and operating cash flows are 
exposed  to  changes  in  market  interest  rates.  The  Company  manages  its  exposure  to  changes  in 
interest rates by using fixed term deposits. 

At 31 December 2023, if interest rates had changed by -/+ 100 basis points from the year-end rates 
with all other variables held constant, post-tax profit / (loss) for the year would have been $445,024 
(six-month  period  ended  31  December  2022:  $635,007)  lower/higher,  as  a  result  of  higher/lower 
interest income from cash and cash equivalents. 

Credit risk 

Credit risk is managed on a Group basis. Credit risk arises primarily from cash and cash equivalents 
and  deposits  with  banks  and  financial  institutions.  For  bank  and  financial  institutions,  only 
independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ‘AAA’ are accepted. 

For trade and other receivables, amounts are considered as “past due” when the debt has not been 
settled, in line with the terms and conditions agreed between the Company and the customer to the 
transaction. Due to a strong credit approval process, the Company has a minimal history of bad debt 
write-offs. 

126 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Note 34  Financial Risk Management (continued) 

The balance of receivables that remain within initial trade terms are considered to be of high credit 
quality. The credit quality of financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired can be assessed 
by reference to external credit ratings (if available). 

Liquidity risk 

Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities to 
meet obligations when due.  

The  Group  manages  liquidity  risk  by  continuously  monitoring  forecast  and  actual  cash  flows.  No 
finance facilities were available to the Group at the end of the reporting period. 

All financial assets mature within one year. The maturity of all financial liabilities is set out in the table 
below. 

Financing arrangements 

The Group’s undrawn borrowing facilities as at 31 December 2023 totals $1,382,547 which relates to 
the loan facilities secured over commercial land and buildings (refer note 23). 

Maturities of financial liabilities 

As at 31 December 2023, the contractual maturities of the Group’s non-derivative financial liabilities 
were as follows:  

Contractual maturities 
of financial liabilities 

At 31 December 2023 
Trade payables 
Lease liabilities 

Less than 
6 months 

6 - 12 
months 

Between 1-
2 years 

Between 2 -
5 years 

Over 5 
years 

Total 
contractual 
cash flows 

Carrying 
amount 

5,760,061 
286,800 

- 
286,800 

- 
537,600 

- 
1,720,800 

- 
3,107,000 

5,760,061 
5,939,000 

5,760,061 
4,825,560 

Borrowings 

1,252,522 

1,257,764 

2,572,146 

6,856,494  32,120,763 

44,059,689  64,562,190 

Total non-derivatives 

7,299,383 

1,544,564 

3,109,746 

8,577,294  35,227,763 

55,758,750  75,147,811 

END OF FINANCIAL REPORT – 31 DECEMBER 2023 

127 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Directors’ Declaration  

In the Directors’ opinion: 

(a) 

the financial statements and notes set out on pages 58 to 127 are in accordance with the 
Corporations Act 2001, including: 

(I) 

(ii) 

complying with Accounting Standards, the Corporations Regulations 2001 and other 
mandatory professional reporting requirements, and 

giving a true and fair view of the consolidated entity’s financial position as at 31 
December 2023 and of its performance for the financial period ended on that date, 
and 

(b) 

there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as 
and when they become due and payable. 

Note 1 confirms that the financial statements also comply with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. 

The Directors have been given the declarations by the Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer 
required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001. 

This declaration is made in accordance with a resolution of the Directors. 

R Natter 
Director 
Brisbane, 28 February 2024 

128 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Independent auditor’s report 

To the members of NOVONIX Limited 

Report on the audit of the financial report 

Our opinion 

In our opinion: 

The accompanying financial report of NOVONIX Limited (the Company) and its controlled entities 
(together the Group) is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 

(a) 

giving a true and fair view of the Group's financial position as at 31 December 2023 and of its 
financial performance for the year then ended 

(b) 

complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001. 

What we have audited 
The Group financial report comprises: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2023 

the consolidated statement of changes in equity for the year then ended 

the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended 

the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year then 
ended 

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, including material accounting policy information 
and other explanatory information  

the directors’ declaration. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under 
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial report 
section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Independence 
We are independent of the Group in accordance with the auditor independence requirements of the 
Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional & Ethical Standards 
Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence Standards) (the 
Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also fulfilled our other 
ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers, ABN 52 780 433 757  
480 Queen Street, BRISBANE QLD 4000, GPO Box 150, BRISBANE QLD 4001 
T: +61 7 3257 5000, F: +61 7 3257 5999, www.pwc.com.au  

Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. 

129 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to Note 1 in the financial report, which indicates that the Group incurred a net loss of 
$46.3 million and net operating cash outflows of $36.2 million during the year ended 31 December 2023, 
and is dependent upon raising additional funding to finance its ongoing expansionary activities. These 
conditions, along with other matters set forth in Note 1, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may 
cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in 
respect of this matter. 

Our audit approach 

An audit is designed to provide reasonable assurance about whether the financial report is free from 
material misstatement. Misstatements may arise due to fraud or error. They are considered material if 
individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of 
users taken on the basis of the financial report. 

We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to give an opinion 
on the financial report as a whole, taking into account the geographic and management structure of the 
Group, its accounting processes and controls and the industry in which it operates. 

Audit Scope 
• 

Our audit focused on where the Group made subjective judgements; for example, significant 
accounting estimates involving assumptions and inherently uncertain future events. 

• 

In designing the scope of our audit, we considered the structure of the Group, which includes three 
continuing business segments being Battery Materials (NAM), Battery Technology (BTS), and 
Graphite Exploration (MDG), as well as Corporate and Other operations. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial report for the current period. The key audit matters were addressed in the context of 
our audit of the financial report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. Further, any commentary on the outcomes of a particular audit 
procedure is made in that context. We communicated the key audit matters to the  
Audit and Risk Management Committee. 

In addition to the matter described in the Material uncertainty related to going concern section, we have 
determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report. 

130 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Our procedures in relation to assessing the fair 
value of the investment in KORE Power included, 
amongst others: 

•  Evaluating the Group's assessment of fair 

value at 31 December 2023, by reference to 
actual share transactions, including capital 
raising activities undertaken by KORE Power, 
and market observable inputs, including share 
price movements of listed peer companies; 

•  Reading relevant publicly available information 
to obtain an understanding of KORE Power 
and considering whether there were any 
events that occurred during the year which 
could have an impact on the valuation of the 
KORE Power investment, including reading 
publicly available information on peer 
companies to KORE Power; and 

•  Assessed the reasonableness of the related 
disclosures in the notes to the consolidated 
financial statements against the requirements 
of Australian Accounting Standards. 

Assessment of the fair value of the investment 
in KORE Power Inc 
(Refer to note 15 Financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss) $16.7 million 

On 31 January 2022, the Group entered into a 
Securities Purchase Agreement with KORE Power 
Inc. (“KORE Power”).  The Group acquired 
3,333,333 shares of KORE Power, representing 
approximately 5% of the common equity of KORE 
Power, for total consideration of $25.0 million, 
settled through a combination of 50% cash and 
50% through the issue of 1,974,723 ordinary 
shares of the Group. 

During the second half of 2022, KORE Power 
issued 5,000,000 shares which diluted the Group’s 
shareholding to 3.7%. 

The investment is accounted for as a financial 
asset measured at fair value through profit or loss.   
At 31 December 2023, these financial assets were 
classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy as 
the valuation incorporates significant inputs that 
are not based on observable market data. 

This was a key audit matter because of the: 

•  Significance of the investment to the 
Consolidated Balance Sheet; and 

•  Judgement required by the Group in assessing 
the fair value of the KORE Power investment. 

131 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Assessment of the fair value of the unsecured 
convertible loan notes issued to LG Energy 
Solution, Ltd. 
(Refer to note 22 Unsecured convertible loan 
notes and derivative financial instruments) $28.6 
million and $0.9 million 

On 21 June 2023, the Group issued 45,221,586 
unsecured convertible loan notes (the “convertible 
notes”), with a face value of AUD $1.00 per note, 
a coupon rate of 4% and a maturity date of 7 June 
2028 for proceeds of US$30.0 million to LG 
Energy Solutions, Ltd (LGES). 

For accounting purposes, the convertible notes 
were initially measured at fair value less 
transaction costs, and subsequently carried at 
amortised cost. The conversion option is an 
embedded financial derivative that is measured at 
fair value at each reporting date, utilising a 
valuation model based on a market approach.   

At 31 December 2023, these financial liabilities 
were classified as Level 3 in the fair value 
hierarchy as the valuation incorporates significant 
inputs that are not based on observable market 
data. 

This was a key audit matter because of the: 

•  Significance of this transaction to the Group’s 
operations and Consolidated Balance Sheet; 

•  Complexity in applying relevant Australian 
Accounting Standards to account for the 
convertible notes; and 

•  Judgements applied in the valuation of both the 

financial liability and embedded derivative 
components of the convertible notes. 

Our procedures in relation to assessing the 
accounting for the convertible notes and the 
associated financial derivative included: 

•  Reading the convertible notes agreement with 
LGES as well as vouching the receipt of the 
US $30.0 million to bank statements to obtain 
an understanding of the key terms and 
conditions attaching to the convertible notes; 

•  With the assistance of PwC valuation experts, 

we assessed the appropriateness of the 
valuation methodology adopted by the Group; 

•  With the assistance of PwC valuation experts, 
we assessed the accuracy of the modelled 
valuation of both the financial liability and 
embedded derivative components of the 
convertible notes at the initial recognition date 
and also at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements; 

•  Assessed the appropriateness of the 

significant inputs and assumptions used in the 
valuation model, including the Group’s 
assumption on the probability weights applied 
to the timing of the placement of the purchase 
order; 

•  Assessed whether the initial and subsequent 
measurement of both the financial liability and 
embedded derivative components of the 
convertible notes were in accordance with the 
requirements of Australian Accounting 
Standards; and 

•  Assessed the reasonableness of the related 
disclosures in the notes to the consolidated 
financial statements against the requirements 
of Australian Accounting Standards. 

132 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Recoverability of Construction work in 
progress assets 
(Refer to note 14 Property, plant and equipment - 
Construction work in progress) $72.0 million 

The Group has continued to invest in engineering 
works, modifications, and furnace technology. 

The consolidated balance of Construction work in 
progress at 1 January 2023 was $56.7 million. 
During the year, a further $17.3 million was spent, 
bringing the total balance to $72.0 million. 

Costs should be capitalised in line with the 
requirements of Australian Accounting Standards. 

This was a key audit matter because of the: 

•  Significance of the Capital work in progress 
balance to the Consolidated Balance Sheet, 
including the additions made during the year; 

•  Judgement applied in determining whether 

costs met the criteria for capitalisation and / or 
remain required for the project to which they 
relate; and 

•  Consideration of the timing of when the assets 
should be transferred from Construction work 
in progress to the appropriate Property, plant 
and equipment class to commence 
depreciation. 

Our procedures in relation to assessing costs 
capitalised to Construction work in progress 
included: 

•  Developed an understanding of and evaluated 

the Group’s cost capitalisation policy; 

•  Assessed the processes and controls 
implemented by the Group for the 
measurement of capitalised costs; 

•  Compared costs capitalised to Construction 

work in progress to supporting documentation 
on a sample basis, including assessing 
whether the costs meet the criteria for 
capitalisation with reference to Australian 
Accounting Standards; 

•  Obtained representations from management of 

the Group on the future intended use and 
recoverability of the assets in Construction 
work in progress; and 

•  Assessed for a sample of items in 

Construction work in progress whether the 
items were not in use at year-end, and 
therefore have appropriately not yet been 
capitalised to the appropriate Property, plant 
and equipment asset class and were not 
depreciated during the year. 

133 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the annual report for the year ended 31 December 2023, but does not include the financial 
report and our auditor’s report thereon. 

Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and accordingly we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon through our opinion on the financial report. We have 
issued a separate opinion on the remuneration report. 

In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial report or our 
knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed on the other information that we obtained prior to the date of this 
auditor’s report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of the directors for the financial report 

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true 
and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for 
such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial 
report that gives a true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial report, the directors are responsible for assessing the ability of the Group to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease 
operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial report 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes 
our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, 
individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of 
users taken on the basis of the financial report. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial report is located at the Auditing and 
Assurance Standards Board website at: https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ar1_2020.pdf. 
This description forms part of our auditor's report. 

134 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Report on the remuneration report 

Our opinion on the remuneration report 

We have audited the remuneration report included in the directors’ report for the year ended  
31 December 2023. 

In our opinion, the remuneration report of Novonix Limited for the year ended 31 December 2023 complies 
with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. 

Responsibilities 

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the remuneration 
report in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the remuneration report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing 
Standards.  

PricewaterhouseCoopers 

Michael Crowe 
Partner 

Brisbane 
28 February 2024 

135 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Shareholder Information 

The shareholder information set out below was applicable as at 19 February 2024. 

A 

Distribution of equity securities 

Analysis of numbers of equity security holders by size of holding: 

Class of equity security 

1 - 1,000 
1,001 – 5,000 
5,001 – 10,000 
10,001 – 100,000 
100,001 and over 

Ordinary shares 
15,797 
10,187 
2,959 
3,243 
330 
32,516 

There were no holders of less than a marketable parcel of ordinary shares. 

B 

Equity security holders 

Twenty largest quoted equity security holders 

The names of the twenty largest holders of quoted equity securities are listed below: 

Ordinary shares 

Name 
Phillips 66 Company 
Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited 
HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited  
Argo Investments Limited 
J P Morgan Nominees Australia Limited 
HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited – A/c 2 
Carpe Diem Asset Management Pty Ltd 
BNP Paribas Nominees Pty Ltd ACF Clearstream 
BNP Paribas Noms Pty Ltd 
Andrew Liveris 
BNP Paribas Nominees Pty Ltd 
Mutual Trust Pty Ltd 
Comsec Nominees Pty Limited 
George Chapman 
David Andrew Stevens  
Ms Zhen Tian 
Allegro Capital Nominees Pty Ltd 
Loch Exploration Pty Ltd 
National Nominees Limited 
KORE Power, inc 
Total 

Number held 
78,050,122 
48,932,672 
31,699,766 
13,550,000 
12,478,248 
10,684,890 
9,047,622 
8,660,144 
7,766,416 
5,069,995 
4,263,029 
4,132,794 
4,026,733 
3,600,000 
2,900,000 
2,605,000 
2,600,000 
2,277,551 
2,160,240 
1,974,723 
256,479,945 

% of issued shares 

15.97 
10.01 
6.48 
2.77 
2.55 
2.19 
1.85 
1.77 
1.59 
1.04 
0.87 
0.85 
0.82 
0.74 
0.59 
0.53 
0.53 
0.47 
0.44 
0.40 
52.46 

136 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unquoted equity securities 

Performance rights 
Share options 

Annual Report - 31 December 2023 

Number on issue 
13,430,249 
28,210,001 

Number of holders 
73 
14 

Holders of more than 20% of unquoted share options on issue 

Andrew Liveris 
Christopher Burns 

Number held 
9,000,000 
9,500,000 

% of total on issue 
31.9% 
33.7% 

Holders of more than 20% of unquoted performance rights on issue 

Christopher Burns 

C 

Substantial holders 

Substantial holders in the company are set out below: 

Ordinary shares 
Phillips 66 Company 

D 

Voting rights 

Number held 
5,292,271 

% of total on issue 
39.4% 

Number held 

Percentage 

78,050,122 

15.97% 

The voting rights attaching to each class of equity securities are set out below: 

(a) 

(b) 
(c) 
(d) 

ordinary shares: on a show of hands every member present at a meeting in person or by 
proxy shall have one vote and upon a poll each share shall have one vote. 
performance rights: no voting rights 
share options: no voting rights 
share rights: no voting rights. 

END OF SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION 

137