Quarterlytics / Consumer Defensive / Agricultural Farm Products / NXT Energy Solutions

NXT Energy Solutions

sfd · TSX Consumer Defensive
Claim this profile
Ticker sfd
Exchange TSX
Sector Consumer Defensive
Industry Agricultural Farm Products
Employees 1-10
← All annual reports
FY2020 Annual Report · NXT Energy Solutions
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
ANNUAL REPORT 

As at and for the year ended 
December 31, 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 30, 2021 

Message from the President & CEO 

First, I want to convey my sincere hope that everyone is well and continues to stay healthy at 
this time.  2020 was a year that started with high hopes for many of us at NXT.   We had just 
reported one of the best financial performances in our Company’s history, having successfully 
completed the 2019 Nigerian SFD® survey.  Unfortunately, given the oil price war and the global 
pandemic,  exploration  activity  fell  internationally  and  business  development  progress  became 
challenging.  Nonetheless, we maintained focus in our core areas of interest and have actively 
pursued new opportunities that should result in contracts for the Company as commodity prices 
increase in response to increased economic activity. 

We took advantage of the  slowness in the industry to improve our capabilities.   In May 2020, 
NXT started development of a new interpretation work-flow process that includes mathematical 
transformations and mapping of SFD® data with the aim of presenting our results in a manner 
that  will  enable  seamless  interpretation  in  conjunction  with  the  review  of  conventional 
geological and geophysical data and interpretations.  Our analysis has enabled us to increase the 
quantitative component of our SFD interpretation  This work continues as we review data that 
verifies and validated our enhanced approach that will  allow us to introduce new protocols in 
the  field  for  the  benefit  of  our  clients.    In  conjunction  with  our  research  and  development 
efforts,  we  are  pleased  to  report  that  we  were  also  granted  38  additional  patents  by  the 
European Union, which brought the total number of NXT patents to 44. 

Another technical achievement in 2020 was construction and successful testing of an additional 
SFD® acquisition system consisting of eight new sensors including four “cascade” type devices.   
NXT now has four SFD® systems which increases our operational readiness and reliability. 

On the global E&P front, commodity prices appear to have stabilized and there are signs that a 
worldwide economic recovery is underway.  In addition, promising news comes in the form of 
increased vaccination levels which enables the relaxation of travel restrictions that impeded our 
ability to get and perform contracts.  As a result, NXT has had a very busy start to 2021 pursuing 
a  number  of  strategic  commercial  opportunities.    This  gives  me  great  confidence  that 
our collective efforts will result in future success. 

Commercial discussions progressed throughout the winter in our core areas of focus in Nigeria, 
East-Central  Africa,  Mexico,  Asia  and  South  America.    We  remain  highly  confident  in  the 
strategy  we  have  taken  to  realize  near  term  opportunities  with  national oil  companies,  which 
have a long term approach to the development of reserves.    

In conclusion, we are advancing our initiatives to secure SFD® surveys. NXT’s non-intrusive SFD® 
airborne  technology  not  only  increases  drilling  success  rates  for  our  customers  but  drastically 
reduces  the  negative  environmental  impact  of  traditional  large-scale  ground  surveys.    The 
reduction of costs and the impact upon the environment are two of the most important areas of 
current focus by the O&G industry. 

page | 2  

 
 
 
 
We  remain  steadfast  in  our  efforts  to  deliver  strong  results  and  growth  in  2021  for  all  our 
shareholders.  On behalf of our Board of Directors and the entire team at NXT, I want to thank 
all of our shareholders for their continued support.   

Best regards, 

"/s/ George Liszicasz" 
George Liszicasz 
President & CEO 
NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

page | 3  

 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Management's Discussion and Analysis 

For the year ended 

December 31, 2020 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 4  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management's Discussion and Analysis 

This discussion and analysis ("MD&A") was prepared by management of NXT Energy Solutions Inc. ("NXT", 
"we", "us", "our" or the "Company") based on information available as at March 30, 2021 unless otherwise 
stated,  has  been  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  (the  "Board"),  and  should  be 
reviewed in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year 
ended December 31, 2020 (the "consolidated financial statements").  This MD&A covers the unaudited 
three  month  and  twelve  month  periods  ended  December  31,  2020,  with  comparative  totals  for  the 
unaudited three month and twelve month periods ended December 31, 2019. 

Our functional and reporting currency is the Canadian dollar.  All references to "dollars", "$", "CDN dollars" 
and "CDN$" in this MD&A are to Canadian dollars unless specific reference is made to United States dollars 
("US dollars" or "US$"). 

NXT® and SFD® are registered trademarks of NXT in Canada and the United States. 

Forward-looking Information 

Advisories 

Certain statements contained in this MD&A constitute "forward-looking information" within the meaning 
of applicable securities laws. These statements typically contain words such as "anticipate", "believe", 
"could", "estimate", "expect",  "intend",  "may",  "plan",  "predict",  "will"  and  similar  words  and  phrases 
suggesting future outcomes or an outlook. Forward-looking statements in this document includes, but is 
not limited to:   

(cid:120)  estimates related to our future financial position and liquidity; and 
(cid:120)  general business strategies and objectives. 

Such forward-looking information is based on a number of assumptions which may prove to be incorrect.  
Assumptions have been made with respect to the following matters, in addition to any other assumptions 
identified in this document: 

(cid:120)  our ability to market our SFD® technology and services to current and new customers; 
(cid:120)  our ability to source personnel and equipment in a timely manner and at an acceptable cost; 
(cid:120)  our ability to obtain all permits and approvals required;  
(cid:120)  our ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms; 
(cid:120)  our ability to obtain insurance to mitigate the risk of default on client billings;  
(cid:120) 
(cid:120)  general business, economic and market conditions (including global commodity prices). 

foreign currency exchange and interest rates; and 

Although  NXT  believes  that  the  expectations  reflected  in  such  forward-looking  information  are 
reasonable,  undue  reliance  should  not  be  placed  on  them  as  NXT  can  give  no  assurance  that  such 
expectations will prove to be correct.  Forward-looking information is based on expectations, estimates 
and projections that involve a number of risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ 
materially from those anticipated by NXT and are described in the forward-looking information.  Material 
risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 5  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the ability of management to execute its business plan; 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120)  health, safety and the environment (including risks related to COVID-19); 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120)  our  ability  to  protect  and  maintain  our  intellectual  property  ("IP")  and  rights  to  our  SFD® 

the emergence of alternative competitive technologies; 

technology; 

(cid:120)  our reliance on a limited number of key personnel;  
(cid:120)  our reliance on a limited number of aircraft ; 
(cid:120)  our reliance on a limited number of clients;  
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120)  general business, economic and market conditions (including global commodity prices). 

counterparty credit risk; 
foreign currency and interest rate fluctuations;  
changes in, or in the interpretation of, laws, regulations or policies; and 

For  more  information  relating  to  risks,  see  the  section  titled  "Discussion  of  Operations  –  Risks  and 
Uncertainties"  in  this  MD&A  and  the  section  titled  "Risk  Factors"  in  NXT's  most  recently  filed  Annual 
Information  Form.    Except  as  required  by  applicable  securities  law,  NXT  undertakes  no  obligation  to 
update  publicly  or  revise  any  forward-looking  statements  or  information,  whether  as  a  result  of  new 
information, future events or otherwise.  Accordingly, the reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance 
on forward-looking statements. 

Financial outlooks are provided for the purpose of understanding the Company's accounting practices and 
liquidity position, and the information may not be appropriate for other purposes. 

Non-GAAP Measures  

NXT's  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting 
principles generally accepted ("GAAP") in the United States of America ("US GAAP").  This MD&A includes 
references to net working capital which does not have a standardized meanings prescribed by US GAAP 
and may not be comparable to similar measures be presented by other entities.  Net working capital is 
the net result of the difference between current assets and current liabilities.  Management of NXT uses 
this non-GAAP measure to assess liquidity at a point in time.   

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 6  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description of the Business  

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. is a Calgary-based technology company whose proprietary and patented Stress 
Field Detection ("SFD®") survey system utilizes quantum-scale sensors to detect gravity field perturbations 
in an airborne survey method which can be used both onshore and offshore to remotely identify traps 
and reservoirs with exploration potential.  The SFD® survey system enables NXT's clients to focus their 
hydrocarbon  exploration  decisions  concerning  land  commitments,  data  acquisition  expenditures  and 
prospect  prioritization  on  areas  with  the  greatest  potential.    SFD®  is  environmentally  friendly  and 
unaffected by ground security issues or difficult terrain and is the registered trademark of NXT Energy 
Solutions Inc.  NXT provides its clients with an effective and reliable method to reduce time, costs and 
risks related to exploration. 

Financial and Operational Highlights  

Key financial and operational highlights for Q4-20 and YE-20 include are summarized below.  

(cid:120)  Cash and short-term investments at December 31, 2020 were $3.03 million; 
(cid:120)  Survey revenues in Q4-20 were $nil and YE-20 were $0.14 million;  
(cid:120)  A  net  loss  of  $1.69  million  was  recorded  for  Q4-20,  including  stock  based  compensation  and 

amortization expenses of $0.45 million; 

(cid:120)  A  net  loss  of  $6.00  million  was  recorded  for  YE-20,  including  stock  based  compensation  and 

amortization expenses of $1.78 million; 

(cid:120)  Cash flow used in operating activities was $0.93 million during Q4-20 and $3.45 million YE-20; 
(cid:120)  Net loss per Common Share (defined below) for Q4-20 was ($0.03) basic and diluted;  
(cid:120)  Net loss per Common Share for YE-20 was ($0.09) basic and diluted;  
(cid:120)  General  and  administrative  ("G&A")  expenses  for  Q4-20  as  compared  to  Q4-19  decreased  by 
$0.24 million or 26%, mostly due to the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy ("CEWS"), the Canada 
Emergency Rent Subsidy ("CERS"), lower legal costs and less travel; and 

(cid:120)  G&A expenses for YE-20 as compared to YE-19 decreased by $0.33 million or 9%, due primarily to 
the CEWS and CERS, the Scientific Research and Development Credit ("SR&ED"), and less travel 
than in YE-19; 

(cid:120)  The  Employee  Share  Purchase  Plan  commenced  in  Q4-20  with  approximately  75%  employee 

participation. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 7  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected Annual Information 

($M except per share) 

YE-20 

           YE-19 

            YE-18 

Total Assets 
Lease liabilities 
Revenue 
Net earnings (loss) 
Net earnings (loss) per share 

Basic 
Diluted 

$ 24,009,137 
1,919,018 
136,566 
(5,999,675) 

$  30,692,941 
2,691,217 
11,976,149 
3,772,908 

          $  25,264,268  
  510,661 
     - 
       (6,968,511) 

$(0.09) 
$(0.09) 

$0.06 
$0.06 

$(0.11) 
$(0.11) 

Sales in YE-19 increased due to the execution of an SFD® survey in 2019.  There were no SFD® surveys in 
YE-18 or YE-20.  Long-term debt increased in YE-19 vs YE-18 as the Company adopted ASC topic 842, Leases 
(“Topic  842”)  and  therefore  recognized  Long-term  lease  obligations  related  to its  leases.    Total  assets 
increased because of recognizing Topic 842 and working capital increases from Survey revenues in 2019.   
Total  Assets  decreased  between  YE-20  and  YE-19  as  Short-term  investments  were  used  for  operating 
activities.  Long-term debt deceased between YE-20 and YE-19 as lease payments reduced Long-term lease 
obligations.    The  adoption  of  Topic  842  resulted  in  the  initial  recognition  of  right-of-use  assets  of 
approximately $3.5 million, current lease liabilities of approximately $0.7 million, and non-current lease 
liabilities of approximately $3.4 million as at January 1, 2019. 

COVID-19 (2019-nCoV/COVID-19) Pandemic  

Discussion of Operations  

As of the date of the consolidated financial statements the Covid-19 pandemic continues to be a risk to 
the operations of the Company.  The Company has made provisions so employees can work safely in the 
office or if necessary from home, suspended all travel, followed all Alberta Services and Health Canada 
recommendations,  and  implemented  hygiene  and  physical  distancing  policies.    NXT  continues  to 
communicate  with  employees  and  customers  via  available  communication  methods  such  as  tele-
conferences  and  on-line  video  conferencing.    Demand  for  our  services  and  prospective  revenues  may 
become adversely impacted the longer the Covid-19 pandemic continues.  The impact of the continuation 
of the Covid-19 pandemic may hamper our ability to deliver SFD® surveys contracts in the following ways.  
If  restrictions  on  international  travel  continue,  our  aircraft  and  personal  will  not  be  able  to  perform 
surveys.  An outbreak of the virus among our staff or our customers’ personnel could delay any survey in 
progress.  Business development may be delayed when in-person meetings and technical presentations 
may be a superior delivery method to tele-conferences or on-line video conferencing.  

The situation is dynamic and the ultimate duration and magnitude of the impact on the economy and the 
financial effect to the Company is not known at this time.  Estimates and judgments made by management 
in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are subject to a higher degree of measurement 
uncertainty during this volatile period. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 8  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company began receiving the CEWS beginning with the April period and the CERS beginning with the 
October period.  For the YE-20 period the Company has recognized $0.29 million in CEWS subsidy and 
$0.06 million in the CERS.  Funds from the CEWS and the CERS are being used to ensure staffing levels are 
maintained to continue to progress SFD® project discussions and marketing.   

Pre-existing SFD® Data Sale 

In December 2020, the Company received a deposit of US$100,000 to sell pre-existing SFD® data.  The 
pre-existing SFD® data is expected to be delivered to the customer in the second quarter of 2021.   

Patents 

As of the date of this MD&A, NXT has been granted SFD® patents in Russia (January 2017), Japan (July 
2017), Canada (August 2017), Mexico (September 2017), the United States (two patents were granted in 
November 2017 and September 2018, respectively), China (April 2018), and Europe (January 2020).  In 
total, we have obtained SFD® patents in 44 countries.  In addition, two more SFD® patent applications in 
Brazil  and  India  are  pending.   These  patents  protect  our  proprietary  SFD®  technology  and  serve  as 
independent  third-party  recognition  of  our  technological  invention  in  terms  of  practical  applicability, 
conceptual novelty, and knowledge advancement. 

Note Receivable 

On September 6, 2019, NXT and Alberta Green Ventures Limited Partnership ("AGV") entered into a loan 
arrangement  (the  "Loan  Arrangement")  whereby  NXT  loaned  to  AGV  US$250,000  by  way  of  note 
receivable for the purpose of providing AGV with additional funds necessary to continue advancing the 
common  objectives  of  the  parties  under  the  existing  co-operation  agreement  (the  "Co-operation 
Agreement") and sales representative agreement (the "Sales Representative Agreement").  The loaned 
amounts were fully recovered in 2020.  

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 9  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Operating Results   

Survey revenue 
Expenses: 
 Survey  
 General and administrative 
 Stock-based compensation 
Amortization of property and equipment 

Q4-20 

$                 - 

Q4-19 
$                   - 

YE-20 

YE-19 
$   136,566  $  11,976,149  

304,553 
687,974 
103,842 
445,122 
1,541,491 

308,374 
926,919 
(28,724) 
449,015 
1,655,584 

1,091,587 
3,172,594 
168,416 
1,780,806 
6,213,403 

2,611,086 
3,497,785 
43,809 
1,781,181 
7,933,861 

Other Expenses (income): 
 Interest expense (income), net 
 Foreign exchange (gain) loss 
 Other expense 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

         5,510   
       137,081   
         1,128 
       143,719 
(1,685,210) 

(18,452) 
99,136 
39,019 
119,703 
 (1,775,287) 

(11,535) 
(76,029) 
10,402 
(77,162) 
(5,999,675) 

(20,684) 
233,231 
56,833 
269,380 
 3,772,908 

Income tax expense 

- 

- 

             -  

- 

Net Income (loss) for the period 

  $(1,685,210)  $(1,775,287) 

(5,999,675) 

 3,772,908 

Net Income (loss) per share – basic    
Net Income (loss) per share – diluted 

$         (0.03) 
$         (0.03) 

$           (0.03)  $        (0.09) 
$           (0.03)  $        (0.09) 

$           0.06 
$           0.06 

Annual operating results. Net loss for YE-20 compared to YE-19 changed by $9,772,583 or $(0.15) per 
share-basic.  YE-19 revenue was obtained from surveys conducted in Nigeria (the "Nigerian SFD® Survey").  
In  YE-20  revenue  of  $136,566  was  earned  on  the  recognition  of  the  forfeited  deposit  from  the  Co-
Operation Agreement with AGV.  In YE-20, aircraft costs were lower in YE-20 versus YE-19 as maintenance 
was performed on the aircraft before and after the Nigerian SFD® Survey  during YE-19.  In YE-20, less 
scheduled maintenance was required as less hours were flown on the aircraft.  Survey project costs in YE-
19 were the direct costs of the Nigerian SFD® Survey.  G&A expenses decreased $325,191, or 9%, in YE-20 
compared to YE-19 as the Company participated in the CEWS, CERS and SR&ED programs and ceased all 
travel after Q1-20.  Stock-based compensation expense ("SBCE") in YE-20 was higher compared to YE-19 
by $124,607 as the restricted share unit plan ("RSU"), ESP plan (defined below) and deferred share unit 
("DSU")  plan were  implemented  during YE-20.  YE-20 net interest expense (income) decreased $9,149 
versus YE-19 as the Company had less short-term investments over comparative periods and locked in 
guaranteed  investment  certificates  had  overall  lower  average  interest  rates.    For  YE-20  the  foreign 
exchange  gain  was  the  result  of  weakening  of  the  CDN$  versus  the  US$  during  Q1-20.    This  foreign 
exchange gain was reduced in the following 3 quarters as the CDN$ strengthened.  At June 30, 2019, the 
Company had a significant foreign exchange loss which was the result of the CDN dollar strengthening 
compared with May 2019 when several of the US dollar assets were initially recorded.  

Quarterly operating results. Net loss for Q4-20 compared to Q4-19 decreased by $90,077, or $0.00 per 
share-basic.  Survey  costs  were  $3,821  lower  due  to  no  direct  survey  costs  in  Q4-20,  offset  by  higher 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 10  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
maintenance costs incurred due to major maintenance to prepare the aircraft for future SFD® surveys.  
G&A  expenses  decreased  by  $238,945,  or  26%,  as  compared  to  Q4-19,  due  primarily  to  decreased 
business development travel and the recognition of the CEWS and the CERS.  SBCE in Q4-20 was higher 
compared to Q4-19 by $132,566.  In Q4-20 with the market price of the Company shares at $0.79, the 
Company  recognized  additional  RSU  expense  on  liability  classified  awards.    In  addition  the  ESP 
commenced in Q4-20.  Interest (income) expense decreased $23,962 in Q4-20 versus Q4-19 as interest 
rates have decreased versus the prior year quarter as well as less cash was held in short-term investments. 
With respect to foreign exchange, the Company held significant assets in US$ at December 31, 2020.  At 
December 31, 2020, the CDN$ strengthened as compared to the US$ at September 30, 2020, resulting in 
the  corresponding  foreign  exchange  loss  for  Q4-20.    Other  expenses  in  Q4-19  related  mostly  to  costs 
associated with the validation process for certain European SFD® patents. 

Effective for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company has presented stock based compensation 
expense  of  $168,416  within  general  and  administrative  expenses  and  has  recorded  an  immaterial 
correction to classify the stock based compensation expense for the 2019 and 2018 comparative years of 
$43,809 and $386,154, respectively, to be presented within general and administrative expenses. While 
ASC 718 does not identify a specific line item in the income statement for presentation of the expense 
related to share based compensation arrangements, the SEC has released guidance under SAB Topic 14.F 
that the expense related to share-based payment arrangements should be presented in the same line or 
lines as cash compensation paid to the same employees.  The Company’s presentation conforms to this 
guidance. 

During 2020 the Company determined that the full amount previously presented in accumulated other 
comprehensive income of $710,934 related to cumulative translation adjustment associated with foreign 
subsidiaries that were substantially liquidated prior to fiscal year 2018. Thus the Company has recorded 
an immaterial correction to reflect the release of the cumulative translation adjustment to earnings prior 
to the opening balance sheet by eliminating the accumulated other comprehensive income balance of 
$710,934 and decreasing the deficit by the same amount. 

Survey Expenses 

Survey Expenses 
Aircraft lease costs  
Aircraft operations  
Survey projects  

Total survey expenses, net  

Survey Expenses 
Aircraft lease costs  
Aircraft operations  
Survey projects  

Total survey expenses, net  

 Q4-20 
$ 107,930 
196,623 
- 

304,553 

YE-20 
$ 433,618 
657,969 
- 

1,091,587 

           Q4-19 
$  101,860 
154,527 
51,987 

308,374 

            Net change 
           $    6,070  
      42,096 
       (51,987) 

(3,821)  

           YE-19 
$  400,847 
846,498 
1,363,741 

           Net change 
           $  32,771  
     (188,529) 
       (1,363,741) 

2,611,086 

          (1,519,499) 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 11  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Survey  expenses  relate  entirely  to  direct  survey  costs,  lease  expenses  and  aircraft  handling  and 
maintenance costs (net of charter hire reimbursements).  In Q4-19, survey expenses included incremental 
travel related costs to present results for the Nigerian SFD® Survey.  Fixed aircraft costs were higher in 
Q4-20 versus Q4-19 as scheduled maintenance was performed on the aircraft in Q4-20.      

In YE-20, aircraft operations were  incurred for aircraft handling and maintenance costs.  Fixed aircraft 
costs were lower in YE-20 versus YE-19 as maintenance was performed on the aircraft before and after 
the Nigerian SFD® Survey during YE-19.  In YE-20, less scheduled maintenance was required as less hours 
were flown on the aircraft.  Survey project costs in YE-19 were the direct costs of the Nigerian SFD® Survey.  

The aircraft is available for charter to third parties through our aircraft manager when it is not being used 
by NXT.  Any charter hire reimbursements received are used to offset aircraft costs.  

In  April  2017,  NXT  completed  a  sale  and  leaseback  agreement  of  its  aircraft  with  a  Calgary-based 
international aircraft services organization (the "Lessor").  NXT has leased the aircraft over an initial term 
of 60 months and retains all existing operating rights and obligations. NXT is required to make monthly 
payments to the Lessor of approximately US$39,500.  NXT has the option to extend the term of the lease 
by an additional two years for payments of approximately US$22,500 per month.  Should NXT want to 
repurchase the aircraft at the end of the initial lease term, the purchase price will be US$1.45 million.   

General and Administrative Expenses 

G&A Expenses 
Salaries, benefits and consulting charges  
Board and professional fees, public company costs 
Premises and administrative overhead  
Business development  
Total G&A Expenses 

Q4-20 
$ 369,390  
168,186 
146,432 
3,966 
687,974 

Q4-19 
 $ 406,300  
205,942 
193,661 
121,016 
926,919 

Net change 
   $(36,910) 
(37,756)  
(47,229) 
(117,050)  
(238,945) 

 G&A Expenses 
Salaries, benefits and consulting charges  
Board and professional fees, public company costs 
Premises and administrative overhead  
Business development  
Total G&A Expenses 

YE-20 

YE-19 
$ 1,383,692   $1,599,247  
857,556 
800,626 
240,356 
3,497,785 

920,666 
728,036 
140,200 
3,172,594 

Net change 
 $(215,555) 
63,110   
   (72,590) 
    (100,156) 
  (325,191) 

% 
(9) 
(18) 
(24) 
(97) 
(26) 

% 
(13) 
7  
(9) 
(42) 
(9) 

G&A expenses decreased $238,945, or 26%, in Q4-20 compared to Q4-19 for the following reasons:   

(cid:120) 

salaries, benefits and consulting charges decreased $36,910, or 9%, due primarily to recording the 
CEWS; 

(cid:120)  board and professional fees and public company costs decreased $37,756, or 18%, due primarily 
to decreased legal fees.  During Q4-19 legal fees were incurred for the  Targeted Issuer Bid (as 
defined below); 

(cid:120)  premises and administrative overhead costs decreased $47,229, or 24%, due to the CERS; and 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 12  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(cid:120)  business development costs decreased by $117,050, or 97%, due primarily to the restrictions on 
travel from COVID-19 and therefore switching discussion to tele-conferences and on-line video 
conferencing. 

G&A expenses decreased $325,191, or 9%, in YE-20 compared to YE-19 for the following reasons:   

(cid:120) 

salaries, benefits and consulting charges decreased $215,555, or 13%, due primarily to recording 
the CEWS, SR&ED and one less permanent headcount; 

(cid:120)  board and professional fees and public company costs increased $63,110, or 7%, due primarily to 

increased audit fees and consultant fees to process the SR&ED; 

(cid:120)  premises and administrative overhead costs decreased $72,590, or 9%, due primarily to recording 

of the CERS and decreased costs related to reduced office expenses; and 

(cid:120)  business development costs decreased by $100,156, or 42%, due primarily to the restrictions on 
travel from COVID-19 and therefore switching discussion to tele-conferences and on-line video 
conferencing. 

Stock-based Compensation Expenses  

Stock-based Compensation Expenses 
Stock Option Expense 
Deferred Share Units 
Restricted Stock Units 
Employee Share Purchase Plan 
Total SBCE 

Q4-20 
 $ 1,258  
     3,750  
    90,701  
       8,133  
   103,842  

Q4-19 
 $  3,775  
                  -   
      (32,499) 
           -  
     (28,724)  

net change   % change  
(67%) 
100% 
(379%) 
100% 
(462%) 

 $  (2,517) 
           3,750  
       123,200 
     8,133 
     132,566 

Stock-based Compensation Expenses 
Stock Option Expense 
Deferred Share Units 
Restricted Stock Units 
Employee Share Purchase Plan 

YE-20 
 $     34,223  
         15,000  
       111,060  
          8,133  

YE-19 
 $   43,809  
                  -   
                   -   
                   -   

net change   % change  
(22%) 
 $    (9,586) 
100% 
        15,000  
100% 
      111,060  
100% 
           8,133  

Total SBCE 

       168,416  

         43,809  

       124,607  

284% 

SBCE varies in any given quarter or year as it is a function of several factors including the number of units 
of each type of stock based compensation plan issued in the period and the amortization term (based on 
the term of the contract and/or number of years for full vesting of the units, which is normally three years) 
of the resultant expense.  Also, SBCE is a function of periodic changes in the inputs used in the Black-
Scholes option valuation model, such as volatility in NXT's trailing share price and for cash-settled stock-
based compensation awards variability will occur based on changes to observable prices. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 13  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On August 25, 2020, shareholders of the Company and subsequently the Toronto Stock Exchange  (the 
"TSX") approved, a new Employee Share Purchase Plan (the "ESP"). The ESP allows employees and other 
individuals determined by the Board to be eligible to contribute a minimum of 1% and a maximum of 10% 
of their earnings to the ESP for the purchase of common shares of NXT ("Common Shares"), of which the 
Company will make an equal contribution.  Common Shares contributed by the Company may be issued 
from treasury or acquired through the facilities of the TSX.  The Company began to issue Common Shares 
under the ESP during Q4-20.  The Company will also match 100% of the employee contributions of up to 
10% of their earnings in the first year of the plan if the employee does not withdrawal common shares 
from the ESP Plan in the first year of their participation, up to $15,000 per employee.  Further details on 
the  ESP  can  be  found  in  the  2020  Management  Information  Circular,  available  on  NXT's  website  at 
www.nxtenergy.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

SBCE in Q4-20 was higher compared to Q4-19 by $132,566.  In Q4-20 with the market price of the Common 
Shares at $0.79, the Company recognized additional RSU expense.  In addition, the ESP commenced in Q4-
20.  In Q4-19, the Company's SBCE included a reversal of the RSU expense from Q3-19 as the expected 
granting of RSUs to employees was not formalized until Q3-20.  

SBCE in YE-20 was higher compared to YE-19 by $124,607 as the RSU, ESP and DSU were implemented 
during YE-20. 

Other Expenses 

Other Expenses 
Interest (income) expense, net 
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 
IP and other 
 Total Other Expenses, net 

Other Expenses 
Interest (income) expense, net 
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 
IP, and other 
 Total Other Expenses, net 

Q4-20 
$      5,510 
137,081 
1,128 
143,719 

YE-20 
$      (11,535) 
(76,029) 
10,402 
(77,162) 

Q4-19 
$   (18,452) 
99,137 
39,019 
119,704 

YE-19 
$   (20,684) 
233,231 
   56,833 
269,380 

Net change 
$    23,962 
37,944 
(37,891)  
24,015  

Net change 
$    9,149 
(309,260) 
(46,431)  
  (346,542)  

% 
(130) 
38 
(97) 
20 

% 
(44) 
(133) 
(82) 
(129) 

Interest (income) expense, net. This category of other expenses includes interest income earned on short-
term investments netted by interest expense from lease obligations.  Q4-20 interest (income) expense 
decreased $23,962 versus Q4-19 as interest rates have decreased since the prior year quarter and less 
cash was held in short-term investments. YE-20 interest (income) expense net decreased $9,149 versus 
YE-19  as  the  Company  had  less  short-term  investments  over  comparative  periods  and  the  Company's 
locked in guaranteed investment certificates had overall lower average interest rates.  In addition, interest 
from lease obligations has been reduced in both Q4-20 and YE-20, as the outstanding lease obligations 
continues to decrease. 

Foreign exchange loss (gain). This category of other expenses includes losses and gains caused by changes 
in the relative currency exchange values of US$ and CDN$.  The Company held significant assets in US$ at 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 14  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2020, including accounts receivable, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments 
and the security deposit for the aircraft, all of which have an effect on the unrealized foreign exchange 
gain and loss. At December 31, 2020, the CDN$ strengthened as compared to the US$ at September 30, 
2020, resulting in the corresponding foreign exchange loss for Q4-20.  

For  YE-20  the  foreign  exchange  gain  was  the  result  of  weakening  of  the  CDN$  versus  the  US$  from 
December 31, 2019 to March 31, 2020 and large US$ balances.  This foreign exchange gain was reduced 
in the following three quarters as the CDN$ strengthened.  US$ balances were also slowly reduced during 
each period in YE-20.  At June 30, 2019, the Company had a significant foreign exchange loss which was 
the  result  of  the  CDN$  strengthening  compared  with  May  2019  when  several  of  the  US$  assets  were 
initially recorded. 

The Company does not currently enter into hedging contracts, but uses strategies to reduce the volatility 
of US$ assets including converting excess US$ to CDN$. 

IP and other. This category of other expenses primarily includes costs related to IP filings, R&D activity 
related to the SFD® technology. 

In all periods, the Company incurs periodic expenses to file patents and to maintain them.  In addition, in 
Q4-19 and YE-19, these expenses related mostly to costs associated with the validation process for certain 
European SFD® patents. 

Amortization Expenses 
Property and equipment  
Intellectual property  
 Total Amortization Expenses 

Amortization Expenses 
Property and equipment  
Intellectual property  
 Total Amortization Expenses 

Q4-20 
$       23,939 
421,183 
445,122 

Q4-19 
$      27,832 
 421,183 
449,015 

Net change 
 $   (3,893) 
   -  
(3,893)  

YE-20 
$       96,073 
1,684,733 
1,780,806 

YE-19 
$    96,448 
1,684,733 
1,781,181 

Net change 
 $   (375) 
   -  
(375)  

% 
(14) 
- 
(1) 

% 
0 
- 
0 

Property and  equipment  and  related  amortization  expense. Property and equipment amortization was 
higher in YE-19 compared to YE-20 due to additional assets becoming fully amortized during the period 
and the Company not acquiring new assets.  Amortization also decreases each year as the Company uses 
the declining balance method of depreciation, thereby having the effect of lowering amortization each 
year on existing assets. 

Intellectual  property  and  related  amortization  expense.  NXT  acquired  specific  rights  to  utilize  the 
proprietary SFD® technology in global hydrocarbon exploration applications from the inventor of the SFD® 
technology,  NXT's  Chairman,  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  on  August  31,  2015.    The  value 
attributed to the acquired IP assets was $25.3 million.  The IP assets are amortized on a straight-line basis 
over a 15-year period (future amortization expense of $1,685,000 per year) and are also being subject to 
an  ongoing  assessment  of  potential  indicators  of  impairment  of  the  recorded  net  book  value.    No 
impairments were recognized in Q4-20, Q4-19, YE-20 or YE-19. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 15  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense. There was no income tax expense in YE-20 or YE-19.   

Competition 

Our SFD® airborne survey service is based upon a proprietary technology, which is capable of remotely 
identifying, from a survey aircraft, subsurface anomalies associated with potential hydrocarbon traps with 
a resolution that we believe is technically superior to other airborne survey systems.  To our knowledge 
there  is  no  other  company  employing  technology  comparable  to  our  SFD®  survey  system  for  oil  and 
natural gas exploration. 

Seismic is the standard technology used by the oil & gas industry to image subsurface structures.  It is our 
view that the SFD® survey system is highly complementary to seismic analysis.  Our system may reduce 
the  need  for  seismic  in  wide-area  reconnaissance  but  will  not  replace  the  role  of  seismic  in  verifying 
structure,  closure  and  selecting  drilling  locations.    The  seismic  industry  is very  competitive  with many 
international and regional service providers. 

The SFD® system can be used as a focusing tool for seismic.  With an SFD® survey, a large tract (i.e. over 
5,000 square kilometers) of land can be evaluated quickly to identify locations with indications of reservoir 
potential.  Seismic surveys, although effective in identifying these locations, are much more expensive, 
require significantly more time and impose a much greater negative impact on local communities and the 
environment  than  more  traditional  methods.    An  SFD®  survey  deployed  first  can  provide  necessary 
information to target a seismic program over a limited area of locations selected by SFD®.  This approach 
can result in a more effective seismic program and reduce the overall cost, time, community resistance 
and environmental impact required to locate and qualify a prospect. 

The industry uses other technologies for wide area oil and natural gas reconnaissance exploration, such 
as aeromagnetic and gravity surveys.  These systems can provide regional geological information, such as 
basement depth, sedimentary thickness and major faulting and structural development. 

Risk and Uncertainties 

Hydrocarbon exploration operations involve a number of risks and uncertainties that have affected our 
financial statements and are reasonably likely to affect them in the future.  These risks and uncertainties 
are discussed further below.  

Credit Risk. Credit risk arises from the potential that the Company may incur a loss if counterparty to a 
financial instrument fails to meet its obligation in accordance with agreed terms. The Company’s financial 
instruments  that  are  exposed  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  primarily  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents,  short-term  investments  and  accounts  receivable.  The  carrying  value  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents,  short-term  investments,  and  accounts  receivable  reflects  management’s  assessment  of 
credit  risk.    At  December  31,  2020,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  included 
balances in bank accounts, term deposits and guaranteed investment certificates, placed with financial 
institutions  with  investment  grade  credit  ratings.    The  majority  of  the  Company’s  accounts  receivable 
relate to sales to one customer in Nigeria and is exposed to foreign country credit risks.  The Company 
manages this credit risk by requiring advance payments before entering into certain contract milestones 
and when possible accounts receivable insurance. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 16  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign  Exchange  Risk.  The  Company  is  exposed  to  foreign  exchange  risk  in  relation  to  its  holding  of 
significant US$ balances in cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, note 
receivable,  deposits,  accounts  payables  and  accrued  liabilities  and  entering  into  United  States  dollar 
revenue  contracts.    To  mitigate  exposure  to  fluctuations  in  foreign  exchange,  the  Company  does  not 
currently enter into hedging contracts, but uses strategies to reduce the volatility of United States dollar 
assets including converting excess United States dollars to Canadian dollars.  As at December 31, 2020, 
the Company held net U.S dollar assets totaling US$2,164,285.  Accordingly, a hypothetical 10% change 
in the value of one United States dollar expressed in Canadian dollars as at December 31, 2020 would 
have had an approximately $276,000 effect on the unrealized foreign exchange gain or loss for the year. 

Interest  Rates.  We  periodically  invest  available  cash  in  short  term  investments  that  generate  interest 
income that will be affected by any change in interest rates. 

Tax Rates. Changes in tax rates in the jurisdictions that we operate in would impact the amount of current 
taxes  that  we  pay.  In  addition,  changes  to  substantively  enacted  tax  rates  would  impact  the  carrying 
balance of deferred tax assets and liabilities, potentially resulting in a deferred tax recovery or incremental 
deferred tax expense. 

In addition to the above, we are exposed to risk factors that may impact the Company and our business.  
For further information on these risk factors, please refer to our Annual Information Form, available on 
NXT's website at www.nxtenergy.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.  

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 17  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Quarterly Results 

A summary of operating results for each of the trailing eight quarters (including a comparison of certain 
key categories to each respective prior quarter) follows.  

Survey revenue  
Net income (loss) 

Q4-20   

      $               - 
(1,685,210) 

Q3-20   
  $                    -  
         (1,502,456) 

Q2-20   
$ 136,566   
  (1,479,709) 

Q1-20   
$                 -  
(1,332,301) 

Income (loss) per share – basic    
Income (loss) per share – diluted 

    $        (0.03) 
    $        (0.03) 

    $          (0.02) 
    $          (0.02) 

 $     (0.02) 
   $     (0.02) 

$        (0.02) 
$        (0.02) 

Survey revenue  
Net income (loss) 

Q4-19   
$                 -  
(1,775,287) 

Q3-19   

Q2-19   
$  1,021,532   $10,954,618  
 8,085,888 
   (774,373) 

Q1-19  
$               -  
(1,763,320) 

Income (loss) per share – basic   
Income (loss) per share – diluted 

    $       (0.03) 
    $       (0.03) 

        $        (0.01) 
        $        (0.01) 

  $      0.12 
  $      0.11 

  $      (0.03) 
  $      (0.03) 

During Q4-20 the Company received the CEWS and the CERS which reduced costs. In Q3-20 the Company 
received the CEWS and the SR&ED which also reduced costs.  During Q2-20, revenue was earned on the 
recognition of the forfeited deposit from AGV, payable pursuant to the Co-operation Agreement.  In Q2-
19 and Q3-19, revenues were earned from the Nigerian SFD® Survey.  There were no revenues in the other 
five quarters.  Excluding Q2-19 and Q3-19, the Company incurred net losses in each of the other quarters 
primarily  due  to  incurred  survey  costs  (related  to  aircraft  lease  and  aircraft  maintenance  costs),  G&A 
expenses and non-cash items like SBCE, which can be a significant expense in any given quarter.  More 
specific details are provided below: 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

in Q4-20, costs were reduced primarily due to receiving the CEWS and the CERS, and reduced 
travel; 

in Q3-20, costs were reduced primarily due to receiving the CEWS and the SR&ED, and reduced 
travel; 

in  Q2-20,  revenue  was  earned  on  the  recognition  of the  forfeited  deposit  from  AGV,  payable 
pursuant to the Co-Operation Agreement, and the Company incurred a $135,991 foreign exchange 
loss partially offsetting the Q1-20 foreign exchange gain described below; 

in Q1-20, the Company incurred a $409,517 foreign exchange gain as it held significant monetary 
assets in US dollars at March 31, 2020, including accounts receivable, cash and cash equivalents, 
short-term  investments  and  the  security  deposit  for  the  aircraft,  and  the  CDN$  devalued  by 
approximately 9%; 

(cid:120) 

in Q4-19, survey costs were higher as final integration costs from the Nigerian SFD® Survey were 
incurred; 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 18  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

in  Q3-19,  NXT  recognized $1,021,532 of  revenue  for  services  rendered  in  connection  with  the 
Nigerian SFD® Survey, compared to $10,954,618 in Q2-19; and 

in Q1-19, survey costs were higher due to scheduled maintenance on the aircraft and significant 
legal and contract negation costs in preparing for the Nigerian SFD® Survey. 

Going Concern 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

The consolidated financial statements for YE-20 have been prepared on a going concern basis.  The going 
concern basis of presentation assumes that NXT will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and 
will  be  able  to realize  its  assets  and  discharge  its  liabilities  and  commitments  in  the  normal  course  of 
business.  

The events described in the following paragraphs highlight that there is substantial doubt about NXT's 
ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that these financial statements have 
been issued. 

The Company's current cash position is not expected to be sufficient to meet the Company's obligations 
and planned operations for the 12 month period beyond the date that these financial statements have 
been issued. 

The Company is taking further steps to reduce operating costs including payroll and other G&A costs and 
is evaluating alternatives to reduce other costs.  If required, further financing options that may or may not 
be available to the Company include issuance of new equity, debentures or bank credit facilities.  The 
need for any of these options will be dependent on the timing of securing new SFD® survey contracts and 
obtaining financing on terms that are acceptable to both the Company and the financier. 

NXT continues to develop its pipeline of opportunities to secure new revenue contracts.  However, the 
Company's  longer-term  success  remains  dependent  upon  its  ability  convert  these  opportunities  into 
successful  SFD®  survey  contracts  to  continue  to  attract  new  client  projects  ultimately  to  expand  the 
revenue base to a level sufficient to exceed fixed operating costs and generate positive cash flow from 
operations.  The occurrence and timing of these events cannot be predicted with certainty.   

The consolidated financial statements do not reflect adjustments that would be necessary if the going 
concern basis was not appropriate.  If the going concern basis were not appropriate for these consolidated 
financial  statements,  then  adjustments  would  be  necessary  in  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  and 
liabilities,  the  reported  revenues  and  expenses  and  the  balance  sheet  classifications  used.  These 
adjustments could be material. 

NXT's cash and cash equivalents plus short-term investments at December 31, 2020 totaled $3.03 million.  
Net working capital (see Non-GAAP Measures) totaled $2.73 million. 

Risks  related  to  having  sufficient  ongoing  net  working  capital  to  execute  survey  project  contracts  are 
mitigated  through  our  normal  practice  of  obtaining  advance  payments  and  progress  payments  from 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 19  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
customers throughout the course of the projects, which often span three to four months.  In addition, 
where possible, risk of default on client billings has been mitigated through the use of export insurance 
programs offered by Export Development Canada. 

The Company does not have provisions in its leases, contracts, or other arrangements that would trigger 
additional  funding  requirements or  early  payments except  that  if the  Company  were  to  default  on  its 
office lease, the current month rent plus the next three months become immediately due. If the Company 
were to default on the aircraft lease, the Company would be required to deliver the aircraft back to the 
Lessor.  

Net Working Capital 

Net Working Capital  
Current assets (current liabilities) 
  Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments  
  Accounts receivable  
  Note receivable  

Prepaid expenses and deposits  

  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  

Contract obligations 
Current portion of lease obligation 

Total Net Working Capital  

Dec 31, 
2020 

Dec 31, 

2019  Net Change 

% 

 $3,031,407  
  965,548  
      -  
        77,532  
   (440,538) 
    (127,507) 
   (773,465) 
2,732,977 

 $ 6,639,757   $(3,608,350) 
(418,767) 
    1,384,315 
      324,700  
(324,700) 
       (19,600) 
       97,132  
       8,390 
  (448,928) 
3,879 
(131,386) 
(37,057) 
(736,408) 
(4,396,205) 
    7,129,182  

(54) 
(30) 
(100) 
(20) 
(2) 
3 
5 
(62)   

NXT had no secured debt and had net working capital of $2,732,977 as at December 31, 2020. 

The decrease in net working capital at December 31, 2020 versus December 31, 2019 was due to cash 
used in operating activities. 

Accounts Payable 

Accounts Payable  
Trade accounts payable 
Deferred director and advisor payable 
Accrued liabilities 
Vacation pay accrued 
Payroll W/H Payable 
 Total Accounts Payable 

Dec 31, 
2020 
 $  (62,872) 
(23,908) 
(161,742) 
   (71,699) 
(120,317) 
   (440,538) 

Dec 31, 

2019  Net Change 
 $  118,918 
   444 
     (25,485) 
34,830 
(120,317) 
       8,390 

 $ (181,790) 
      (24,352)  
   (136,257) 
(106,529) 
- 
  (448,928) 

% 
(65) 
(2) 
19 
(33) 
(100) 
(2) 

Accounts payable decreased by $8,390, or 2%, in December 31, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019 for 
the following reasons: 

(cid:120) 

trade accounts payable decreased by $118,918, or 65%, due primarily to the reduced legal fees;  

(cid:120)  deferred director and advisor fees decreased by $444, or 2%, as director fees have been fully paid 

(the remaining payable is for advisor board fees incurred prior to 2019; 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 20  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(cid:120)  accrued liabilities increased by $25,485, or 19%, due to timing of invoice receipts, which is in line 

with the decrease in accounts payable; 

(cid:120)  vacation pay accrued decreased by $34,830, or 33%, as employees vacations were taken and paid  

during the year; and 

(cid:120)  payroll related accruals increased by $120,317 as accruals were made for the  liability classified 

equity compensation plan. 

Cash Flow 

Cash Flow - from / (used in) 
Operating activities  
Financing activities  
Investing activities  
Effect of foreign exchange on cash 
Net source (use) of cash  
Cash and cash equivalents, start of period  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  

Q4-20 
$(926,996) 
7,592 
1,049,241 
(87,066) 
42,771 
2,647,375 
2,690,146 

Q4-19 

YE-20 
$1,206,437  $(3,452,925) 
  (34,923)  
(1,354,121) 
 3,436,691 
257,236 
(116,942) 
83,028 
   (168,099)  
192,580 
     2,858,245  
2,665,665 
   2,690,146  
2,858,245 

YE-19 
$4,052,406 
(1,385,787)  
  (173,927)  
26,021 
     2,518,713 
     339,532  
2,858,245 

Cash and cash equivalents  
Short-term investments  
Total Cash and Short-Term Investments 

2,690,146 
341,261 
3,031,407 

2,858,245 
3,781,512 
6,639,757 

2,690,146   
341,261 
3,031,407 

2,858,245 
3,781,512 
6,639,757 

The overall net changes in cash balances in each of the years noted above is a function of several factors 
including any inflows (outflows) due to changes in net working capital balances and net of any cash 
transferred into/out of short-term investments.  Further information on the net changes in cash, by each 
of the operating, financing and investing activities, is as follows: 

Operating Activities  
Net income (loss) for the period  
Total non-cash expense items and ARO 
liabilities settled 

Change in non-cash working capital balances 
Total Cash from (used in) Operating Activities  

Q4-20 

YE-20 
$(1,685,210)  $(1,775,287)  $(5,999,675) 

Q4-19 

YE-19 
$3,772,908 

   669,125 

      300,766  

     1,920,981  

1,751,559  

 (1,016,085) 
89,089 
  (926,996) 

 (1,474,521) 
     2,680,958 
  1,206,437 

(4,078,694) 
  625,769 
  (3,452,925) 

5,524,467 
(1,472,061) 
  4,052,406 

Operating  cash  flow  decreased  by  $2,133,433  in  Q4-20  as  compared  to  Q4-19  and  decreased  by 
$7,505,331 in YE-20 as compared to YE-19 because of the milestone payments received from the Nigerian 
SFD® Survey during Q4-19 and in YE-19. 

 Financing Activities 
Net funds used-in Targeted Issuer Bid 
Repayment of capital lease obligation 
Employee stock purchase plan 
Total Cash from (used in) Financing Activities  

Q4-20 
$         - 
- 
7,592 
7,592 

Q4-19 
$(1,343,184) 
(10,937) 
- 
(1,354,121) 

YE-20 
$             - 
(42,515)   
7,592 
(34,923) 

YE-19 
    $(1,343,184) 
(42,603)  
- 
(1,385,787) 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 21  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In Q4-20, the financing activity was for employee contributions under the ESP.  Financing payments in 
both  YE-20  and  YE-19  were  for  payments  on  the  finance  lease  for  office  equipment.      In  Q2-20,  the 
Company  terminated  the  finance  lease  for  office  equipment  with  a  final  payment  of  approximately 
$20,000.    During  Q4-19  the  Company  completed  its  targeted  issuer  bid  for  $1,250,000  plus  costs  of 
$93,184 to repurchase 4,166,667 Common Shares, at a price of $0.30 per Common Share (the "Targeted 
Issuer Bid").  

Investing Activities 
Purchase of property and equipment 
Decrease (increase) in short-term investments  
Total Cash from (used in) Investing Activities 

Q4-20 
$               - 
 1,049,241 
1,049,241 

Q4-19 
$                  -   
   257,236 
 257,236 

YE-20 
$               -   
3,436,691 
3,436,691 

YE-19 
$  (216,691)  
        42,764  
(173,927)  

Short-term  investments  decreased  in  Q4-20  and  YE-20  as  the  Company  used  investments  held  in 
guaranteed investment certificates to fund operations.  

Contractual Commitments 

The estimated minimum annual commitments for these leases are as follows, as at December 31, 2020: 

For the period ended December 31 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 

Office Premises  
 $                  228,091 
                     228,091 
                      228,091 
                      228,091 
171,069 
                  1,083,433  

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements 

The  Company  has  no  off-balance  sheet  arrangements  as  of  the  date  of  this  MD&A  other  than  office 
premise non-lease operating costs with Interloq Capital (the "Landlord").  If the Company were to default 
on its office lease the current month rent including operation costs plus the next three months become 
immediately  due.  Operating  cost  amounts  are  disclosed  under  the  heading  "Liquidity  and  Capital 
Resources – Contractual Commitments".  NXT pays an estimated operating cost during the current year, 
but has the obligation to pay the actual operating costs incurred as defined in the office lease with the 
Landlord early in the first quarter of the preceding year if the estimate was low, or will receive a refund if 
the estimate was too high. Currently, the Company believes that the current operating cost estimate is 
reasonable and is constant with discussions with the Landlord.  

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 22  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Transactions with Related Parties 

In addition to the related party transactions discussed elsewhere herein (i.e. the Co-operation Agreement, 
the  Sales  Representative  Agreement,  the  Loan  Arrangement  and  the  Targeted  Issuer  Bid),  one  of  the 
members of NXT's Board, Thomas Valentine, is a partner in the law firm Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP 
which provides legal advice to NXT.  Legal fees incurred with Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP were as 
follows: 

Legal Fees 

Q4-20 
$ 3,100 

Q4-19 

YE-19 
$     111,562    $    224,479    $      276,261 

YE-20 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities include a total of  $1,570 ($146,197 as at December 31, 2019) 
payable to Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP.  A company owned by a family member of an executive 
officer was contracted to provide design services to the Company for a total cost of US$3,000.   

 Critical Accounting Estimates 

The key elements and assumptions are substantially unchanged from those described in NXT's annual 
audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the year-ended December 31, 2019 other than as 
described below. 

Revenue 

The performance obligation for NXT is the acquisition, processing, interpretation and integration of SFD® 
data.  Revenue from the sale of SFD® survey contracts (net of any related foreign sales taxes) is recognized 
over time by measuring the progress toward satisfaction of its performance obligation to the customer.  
All funds received or invoiced in advance of recognition of revenue are reflected as contract obligations 
and classified as a current liability on our balance sheet.   

The Company uses direct survey costs as the input measure to recognize revenue in any fiscal period.  The 
percentage of direct survey costs incurred to date over the total expected survey costs to be incurred, 
provides an appropriate measure of the stage of the performance obligation being satisfied over time.  

IP Assets 

Intellectual property acquired is recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization, which is recorded over 
the estimated minimum useful life of the assets.  The Company incurs periodic expenses to file patents 
and to maintain them.   

The Company reviews long-lived assets, which includes property, equipment and intellectual property for 
impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value  may  not  be 
recoverable.  The  Company  considers  both  internal  and  external  factors  when  assessing  for  potential 
indicators of impairment, and with respect to intellectual property, the Company’s assessment includes 
consideration  of  historical  and  forecasted  project  survey  revenues,  market  capitalization,  market 
capitalization control premiums, and the project survey revenue multiples compared to industry peers.  

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 23  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
When indictors of impairment exist, the Company first compares the total of the estimated undiscounted 
future cash flows or the estimated sale price to the carrying value of an asset.  If the carrying value exceeds 
these amounts, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over the estimated 
fair value of the asset. 

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments 

Changes in Accounting Policies 

In June 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that changes how entities measure credit losses for most 
financial assets and certain other financial instruments that are not measured at fair value through net 
income. The new guidance amends the impairment model of financial instruments, basing it on expected 
losses rather than incurred losses. These expected credit losses will be recognized as an allowance rather 
than as a direct write-down of the amortized cost basis. The new guidance was effective January 1, 2020 
and was applied using a modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this new guidance did not have 
a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. 

Government Grants 

Government grants are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received, 
and  all  attached  conditions  will  be  complied  with.    When  the  grant  relates  to  an  expense  item,  it  is 
recognized as an expense reduction in the period in which the costs are incurred.  Where the grant relates 
to an asset, it is recognized as a reduction to the net book value of the related asset and then subsequently 
in net loss over the expected useful life of the related asset through lower charges to depreciation and 
impairment. During period ended December 31, 2020, the Company received government grants through 
the CEWS and the CERS.  The CEWS and CERS were recognized as a reduction to G&A expenses.   

CEWS                

CERS 

Q4-20 

Q4-19 

YE-20 

YE-19 

$  64,579 

$                - 

$  292,160 

$                - 

58,526 

58,526 

Government grants recognized          

 123,105 

            - 

350,686 

                    - 

Financial Instruments  

The  Company's  non-derivative  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term 
investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and leases.  The carrying value 
of these financial instruments approximates their fair values due to their short terms to maturity.  NXT is 
not exposed to significant interest arising from these financial instruments, but is exposed to significant 
credit  risk  with  accounts  receivable.    For  accounts  receivable,  where  possible,  NXT  requests  advance 
payments and utilizes risk mitigation products offered by entities such as Export Development Canada 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 24  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
including,  for  example,  insurance  coverage  of  contract  accounts  receivable,  guarantee  support  for 
contract performance bonds and wrongful call insurance for such bonds.   

NXT is exposed to foreign exchange risk as a result of holding foreign denominated financial instruments.  
Any unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses arising on such holdings are reflected in earnings at the 
end of each period.  

As at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held no derivate financial instruments. 
For  more  information  relating  to  risks,  see  the  section  titled  "Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources  –  Net 
Working Capital".  

Outstanding Share Capital  

Common Shares 
Stock Options 
Deferred Share Units 
Restricted Stock Units 
ESP Plan Bonus Shares 
Total Share Capital and Dilutive Securities 

March 30, 
 2021 
            64,494,356  
421,000 
37,354 
1,200,000 
39,796 
66,192,506  

December 31, 
2020  
64,437,790 
421,000   
37,354 
1,200,000 
23,532 
66,119,676 

December 31, 
2019  
64,406,891  
  1,169,500  
- 
-  
- 
65,576,391  

Disclosure Controls and Procedures ("DCPs") and 
 Internal Controls over Financial Reporting ("ICFR") 

NXT's  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (together  the  "Responsible  Officers")  are 
responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  DCPs,  or  causing  them  to  be  designed  under  their 
supervision, for NXT to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company 
is  made  known  to  the  Responsible  Officers  by  others  within  the  organization,  particularly  during  the 
period in which the Company's year-end consolidated financial statements and MD&A are being prepared. 

DCPs and other procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports 
that are filed is recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the relevant 
security authority in either Canada or the United States of America.  DCPs include controls and procedures 
designed  to  ensure  that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  in  our  reports  is  communicated  to 
management, including our Responsible Officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

The Company has established and maintains ICFR using the criteria that were set forth by the Committee 
of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework 
(2013).    The  control  framework  was  designed  or  caused  to  be  designed  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Responsible Officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with US GAAP.   

In evaluating the effectiveness of the Company's DCPs as defined under the rules adopted by the Canadian 
securities  regulatory  authorities  and  by  the  United  States  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  the 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 25  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Company's Responsible Officers concluded that there are material weaknesses in the Company's ICFR that 
have a direct impact on the Company's DCPs: 

(cid:120)  due to the limited number of staff, it is not feasible to achieve adequate segregation of incompatible 
duties – NXT partially mitigates this deficiency by adding management and Audit Committee review 
procedures over the areas where inadequate segregation of duties are of the greatest concern; and 

(cid:120)  NXT  does  not  have  a  sufficient  level  of  staff  with  specialized  expertise  to  adequately  conduct 
separate  preparation  and  a  subsequent  independent  review  of  certain  complex  or  highly 
judgmental  accounting  issues  –  NXT  partially  mitigates  this  deficiency  by  preparing  financial 
statements with their best judgments and estimates of the complex accounting matters and relies 
on reviews by management, external consultants and the Audit Committee for quality assurance. 

From  time  to  time  to  reduce  these  risks  and  to  supplement  a  small  corporate  finance  function,  the 
Company engages various outside experts and advisors to assist with various accounting, controls and tax 
issues in the normal course.   

Given the small size of the Company's finance team, management has established a practice of increased 
engagement  of  the  Company's  Disclosure  Committee  and  Audit  Committee  in  reviewing  the  public 
disclosure and has increased engagement of external consultants and legal counsel as well.    

The Responsible Officers concluded that, as at December 31, 2020, its ICFR are not effective and as a result 
its DCPs are not sufficiently effective.  NXT reached this conclusion based upon its assessment that there 
is a more than remote likelihood that its ICFR will not prevent or detect material misstatements if they 
should exist in the Company's consolidated financial statements.  The Responsible Officers continue to 
take certain actions to mitigate these material weaknesses including: (i) the implementation of controls 
with  regards  to  the  review  procedures  surrounding  its  disclosure;  and  (ii)  engagement  of  third-party 
specialists.  In addition, the Chief Financial Officer engages subject matter consultants as the need arises.   

It should be noted that a control system, including the Company's DCPs and ICFR, no matter how well 
conceived, can provide only reasonable, but not absolute assurance that the objectives of the control 
system will be met, and it should not be expected that the DCPs and ICFR will prevent all errors or fraud. 

Additional Information 

Additional  information  related  to  the  Company,  including  the  Company's  Annual  Information  Form,  is 
available on NXT's website at www.nxtenergy.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

MD&A for the year ended December 31, 2020 

page | 26  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

For the years ended 

December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

page | 27  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP 
205 5th Avenue SW 
Suite 3100 
Calgary AB T2P 4B9 
Tel (403) 691-8000 
Fax (403) 691-8008 
www.kpmg.ca 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC 
ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors NXT Energy Solutions Inc. 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of NXT Energy Solutions 
Inc.  (the  “Company”)  as  of  December 31,  2020  and  2019,  the  related  consolidated 
statements  of  income  (loss)  and  comprehensive  income  (loss),  changes  in  shareholders’ 
equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 
2020,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial 
statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all 
material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, 
and the results of operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three year period 
ended  December  31,  2020,  in  conformity  with  U.S. generally  accepted  accounting 
principles. 

Going Concern 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  assuming  the 
Company  will  continue  as  a  going  concern.  As  discussed  in  Note  1  to  the  consolidated 
financial statements, the Company’s current and forecasted cash and cash equivalents and 
short-term investments position is not expected to be sufficient to meet its obligations that 
raises  substantial  doubt  about  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Management’s 
plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial 
statements  do  not  include  any  adjustments  that  might  result  from  the  outcome  of  this 
uncertainty. 

Change in Accounting Principle 

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed 
its method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting 
Standards Codification Topic 842, Leases. 

Basis for Opinion 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s 
management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  consolidated  financial 
statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public 
Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB)  and  are  required  to  be 
independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities 
© 2020 KPMG LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership and a member firm of the KPMG global organization of independent member firms 
affiliated with KPMG International Limited, a private English company limited by guarantee. All rights reserved. 

 
 
 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards 
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether 
the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error 
or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit 
of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain 
an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  but  not  for  the  purpose  of 
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of 
the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing 
procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test 
basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation 
of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matters 

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period 
audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated 
to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the 
financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging,  subjective,  or  complex 
judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion 
on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical 
audit  matters  below,  providing  separate  opinions  on  the  critical  audit  matters  or  on  the 
accounts or disclosures to which they relate. 

Indicators of impairment for the intellectual property 

As  discussed  in  Note  9  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  has 
$16,285,333 of intellectual property as of December 31, 2020. As discussed in Note 2 to the 
consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  assesses  the  recoverability  of  the 
intellectual property whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying 
amount may not be recoverable. Since the inception of the Company’s operations, there has 
been inconsistency in both the amount and timing of survey project revenue. The Company’s 
assessment  of  indicators  of  impairment  for  the  intellectual  property  includes  the 
consideration of the carrying amount of the Company’s net assets to a range of indicative 
fair values determined using the following inputs and significant assumptions: 

– 

– 

the Company’s market capitalization and applying publicly available control premiums 
for comparable entities, and  

the Company’s historical and forecasted survey project revenue and applying publicly 
available trading revenue multiples for comparable entities.  

2 

 
 
 
 
We identified the assessment of indicators of impairment for the intellectual property as a 
critical audit matter.  The inconsistency in survey project revenue indicated a higher risk that 
the intellectual property may not be recoverable, and therefore involved challenging auditor 
judgment. The market capitalization control premiums,  forecasted survey project revenue 
and  trading  revenue  multiples  assumptions  used  to  determine  a  range  of  indicative  fair 
values of the Company net assets were challenging to test as they represented subjective 
determinations of conditions that were also sensitive to variations. Minor changes to those 
assumptions could have had a significant effect on the Company’s assessment of indicators 
of  impairment.  Additionally,  the  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  determination  of  market 
capitalization control premiums and trading revenue multiples required specialized skills and 
knowledge.   

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address the critical matter. We 
evaluated  the  Company’s  forecasted  survey  project  revenue  by  comparing  to  contracted 
and  noncontracted  future  survey  project  revenue  and  related  documentation,  including 
Company  press  releases  and  board  minutes.  We  involved  a  valuation  professional  with 
specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in: 

–  evaluating  the  Company’s  determination  of  the  control  premiums  by  comparing 
management selected control premiums to a range that was independently developed 
using publicly available market data for comparable entities. 

–  evaluating  the  Company’s  determination  of  the  trading  revenue  multiples  applied  to 
historical and forecasted survey project revenue by comparing management selected 
trading revenue multiples to a range that was independently developed using publicly 
available market data from comparable entities. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006. 

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Calgary, Canada 
March 30, 2021 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

Assets

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments  (Note 3)
Accounts receivable  (Note 4)
Note receivable (Note 5)
Prepaid expenses

Long term assets

Deposits  (Note 6)
Property and equipment  (Note 7)
Right of Use Assets  (Note 8)
Intellectual property (Note 9)

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity

Current liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 10, 24)
Contract obligations  (Note 11)
Current portion of lease obligations (Note 13)

Long-term liabilities

Long-term lease obligation (Note 13)
Asset retirement obligation  (Note 12)

Shareholders' equity

Common shares (Note 15): - authorized unlimited
     Issued: 64,437,790  (2019 - 64,406,891) common shares 
Contributed capital
Deficit (Note 2)

Going Concern (Note 1)
Commitments (Note 14)

December 31,

December 31,

2020

2019

$          

2,690,146
341,261
965,548
- 
77,532

$       

2,858,245
3,781,512
1,384,315
324,700
97,132

4,074,487

8,445,904

526,561
707,326
2,415,430
16,285,333

535,554
677,647
3,063,769
17,970,067

$       

24,009,137

$     

30,692,941

$     

440,538
127,507
773,465

$          

448,928
131,386
736,408

1,341,510

1,316,722

1,896,277
22,741
1,919,018

2,669,736
21,481
2,691,217

3,260,528

4,007,939

95,327,123
9,355,716
(83,934,230)

95,313,064
9,306,493
(77,934,555)

20,748,609

26,685,002

$       

24,009,137

$     

30,692,941

Signed "George Liszicasz"
Director

Signed "Bruce G. Wilcox"
Director

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

page | 31

 
         
 
         
 
 
 
            
         
 
             
 
             
            
         
          
       
   
 
             
 
             
            
         
            
         
 
 
            
         
            
         
          
       
            
         
        
      
          
       
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) 

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

Revenue

Survey revenue  (Note 21)

Expenses

Survey costs  (Note 22)
General and administrative expenses (Note 17, 23 & 24)
Amortization 

Other expenses (income) 

Interest (income) expense, net
Foreign exchange loss  (gain)
Intellectual property and other (Note 9)
Gain on extinguishment of liability (Note 25)

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax expense (Note 18)

For the Year ended December 31

2020

2019

2018

$           

136,566

$       

11,976,149

-

1,091,587
3,341,010
1,780,806

6,213,403

(11,535)
(76,029)
10,402
-
(77,162)

2,611,086
3,541,594
1,781,181

1,103,946
4,385,243
1,790,267

7,933,861

7,279,456

(20,684)
233,231
56,833
-
269,380

(62,004)
(19,852)
(43,428)
(185,661)
(310,945)

(5,999,675)

3,772,908

(6,968,511)

-

-

-

Net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss)

$      

(5,999,675)

$          

3,772,908

$      

(6,968,511)

Net income (loss) per share (Note 16)

Basic
Diluted

$                
$                

(0.09)
(0.09)

$                    
$                    

0.06
0.06

$                
$                

(0.11)
(0.11)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

page | 32

          
            
         
          
            
         
          
            
         
          
            
         
              
                
              
              
               
              
               
                 
              
                          
                            
           
              
               
           
         
            
        
                          
                            
                          
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

Cash provided by (used in):

Operating activities

Net income (loss)
Items not affecting cash:

Stock based compensation expense (Note 17)
Amortization 
Non-cash changes to asset retirement obligation 
Non-cash lease and interest (Note 25)
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss
Deferred rent 
Gain on extinguishment of liability (Note 25)
Change in non-cash working capital balances (Note 20)

ARO liabilities settled (Note 12)

For the Year ended December 31

2020

2019

2018

$      

(5,999,675)

$          

3,772,908

$      

(6,968,511)

168,416
1,780,806
2,069
(171,300)
141,799
-
-

              625,769 
                    (809)
2,546,750

43,809
1,781,181
2,068
(171,056)
95,557
-
-
(1,464,695)
(7,366)
279,498

386,154
1,790,267
(29,925)
(155,301)
(44,765)
(2,919)
(185,661)
            (858,170)
                          - 

899,680

Net cash from (used in) operating activities 

(3,452,925)

4,052,406

(6,068,831)

Financing activities

Proceeds from the Employee Share Purchase plan
Net funds used in targeted issuer bid (Note 15)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 

Net proceeds from Private Placement
Repayment of lease obligation 
Net cash from (used in) financing activities

Investing activities 
Purchase of property and equipment, net
Decrease (increase) in short-term investments

Net cash from (used in) investing activities 

                  7,592 

-
-

-
(42,515)
(34,923)

                           -                             - 
                         - 

(1,343,184)
-

-
(42,603)
(1,385,787)

5,067

9,211,351
(39,579)
9,176,839

-
3,436,691

3,436,691

(216,691)
42,764

(10,006)
(2,950,000)

(173,927)

(2,960,006)

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

(116,942)

26,021

24,912

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year

(168,099)
2,858,245

2,518,713
339,532

172,914
166,618

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year

$        

2,690,146

$          

2,858,245

$          

339,532

Supplemental information

Cash interest (received)
Cash taxes paid

(21,422)
-

(16,724)
-

(58,889)
-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

page | 33

             
                 
             
          
            
         
                  
                    
              
            
              
           
             
                 
              
                          
                            
                
                          
                            
           
          
                  
          
               
             
         
            
        
                          
          
                          
                            
                 
                          
                            
         
              
                
              
              
          
         
                          
              
              
          
                 
        
          
              
        
            
                 
               
            
            
             
          
               
             
              
                
              
                          
                            
                          
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 
Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Shareholders' Equity

(Unaudited-expressed in Canadian dollars)

Common Shares (Note 15)

Balance at beginning of the year

Shares purchased and retired during the year
Issuance of common stock on the Employee Share Purchase Plan
Issuance of common stock on Private Placement
Finder's fee
Issued upon exercise of stock options
Transfer from contributed capital upon exercise of stock options

Balance at end of the year

Contributed Capital  

Balance at beginning of the year
Issuance of warrants on Private Placement (Note 15)
Recognition of stock based compensation expense (Note 17)
Contributed capital transferred to common shares 

 upon exercise of stock options 

Balance at end of the year

Deficit

Balance at beginning of the year
Net (loss) income

Balance at end of the year

For the Year ended December 31

2020

2019

2018

$     

95,313,064

$       

96,656,248

$     

88,121,286

-
                14,059 
-
-
-
-

(1,343,184)
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
8,387,451
136,003
5,067
6,441

95,327,123

95,313,064

96,656,248

9,306,493

-

                49,223 

9,262,684
-
43,809

8,195,075
687,896
386,154

-

-

(6,441)

9,355,716

9,306,493

9,262,684

(77,934,555)
(5,999,675)

(81,707,463)
3,772,908

(74,738,952)
(6,968,511)

(83,934,230)

(77,934,555)

(81,707,463)

Total Shareholders' Equity at end of the year

$     

20,748,609

$       

26,685,002

$     

24,211,469

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

page | 34

                          
          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
         
                          
                            
             
                          
                            
                 
                          
                            
                 
        
          
       
          
            
         
                      
                            
             
                 
             
                          
                            
                
          
            
         
      
        
      
         
            
        
      
        
      
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

1.  The Company and Going Concern 

NXT Energy Solutions Inc. (the "Company" or "NXT") is a publicly traded company based in Calgary, Alberta 
Canada. 

NXT's proprietary Stress Field Detection ("SFD®") technology is an airborne survey system that is used in 
the oil and natural gas exploration industry to identify subsurface trapped fluid accumulations.  

These consolidated financial statements of NXT have been prepared by management in accordance with 
U.S. GAAP.   

These  consolidated  financial  statements  reflect  adjustments,  all  of  which  are  normal  recurring 
adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to reflect fairly the financial position and 
results of operations for the respective periods.  

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.  The going concern 
basis of presentation assumes that NXT will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and will be 
able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.  

The events described in the following paragraphs highlight that there is substantial doubt about NXT’s 
ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that these financial statements have 
been issued. 

The Company’s current cash position is not expected to be sufficient to meet the Company’s obligations 
and planned operations for a year beyond the date that these financial statements have been issued. 

The Company is taking further steps to reduce operating costs including payroll and other general and 
administrative costs, and is evaluating alternatives to reduce other costs.  If required, further financing 
options that may or may not be available to the Company include issuance of new equity, debentures or 
bank credit facilities.  The need for any of these options will be dependent on the timing of securing new 
SFD® survey contracts and obtaining financing on terms that are acceptable to both the Company and the 
financier. 

NXT continues to develop its pipeline of opportunities to secure new revenue contracts.  However, the 
Company’s longer-term success remains dependent upon its ability to convert these opportunities into 
successful contracts, to continue to attract new client projects, ultimately to expand the revenue base to 
a level sufficient to exceed fixed operating costs and generate positive cash flow from operations.  The 
occurrence and timing of these events cannot be predicted with sufficient certainty.   

The consolidated financial statements do not reflect adjustments that would be necessary if the going 
concern basis was not appropriate.  If the going concern basis were not appropriate for these consolidated 
financial  statements,  then  adjustments  would  be  necessary  in  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  and 
liabilities,  the  reported  revenues  and  expenses  and  the  balance  sheet  classifications  used.  These 
adjustments could be material. 

page | 35  

 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Covid-19 (2019-nCoV/COVID-19) Pandemic  

As of the date of these consolidated financial statements the Covid-19 pandemic continues to be a risk to 
the operations of the Company.  The Company has made provisions so employees can work safely in the 
office or if necessary from home, suspended all travel, followed all Alberta Services and Health Canada 
recommendations,  and  implemented  hygiene  and  physical  distancing  policies.    NXT  continues  to 
communicate  with  employees  and  customers  via  available  communication  methods  such  as  tele-
conferences  and  on-line  video  conferencing.    Demand  for  our  services  and  prospective  revenues  may 
become adversely impacted the longer the Covid-19 pandemic continues.  The impact of the continuation 
of the Covid-19 pandemic may hamper our ability to deliver SFD® surveys contracts in the following ways.  
If  restrictions  on  international  travel  continue,  our  aircraft  and  personal  will  not  be  able  to  perform 
surveys.  An outbreak of the virus among our staff or our customers’ personnel could delay any survey in 
progress.  Business development may be delayed when in-person meetings and technical presentations 
may be a superior delivery method to tele-conferences or on-line video conferencing.  

The situation is dynamic and the ultimate duration and magnitude of the impact on the economy and the 
financial effect to the Company is not known at this time.  Estimates and judgments made by management 
in  the  preparation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  are  subject  to  a  higher  degree  of 
measurement uncertainty during this volatile period.  

2.  Significant Accounting Policies and Changes 

Basis of Presentation 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  by  management  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America ("US GAAP”). 

Consolidation   

These  consolidated  financial  statements  reflect  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  its  wholly  owned 
subsidiaries (all of which are inactive).  All significant inter-company balances and transactions among NXT 
and its subsidiaries have been eliminated and are therefore not reflected in these consolidated financial 
statements. 

Estimates and Judgements 

Estimates made relate primarily to the use of the going concern assumption, estimated useful lives and 
the  valuation  of  intellectual  property  and  property  and  equipment,  the  measurement  of  stock-based 
compensation  expense,  valuation  of  deferred  income  tax  assets,  and  estimates  for  asset  retirement 
obligations.  The estimates and assumptions used are based upon management's best estimate as at the 
date of the consolidated financial statements.  Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and 
the effects of revisions are reflected in the period when determined. Actual results may differ from those 
estimates. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and short term Guaranteed Investment Certificates 
(“GIC’s”) with an original maturity less than 90 days from the date of acquisition. 

page | 36  

 
  
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Short Term Investments 

Short term investments consist of short term GICs, with original maturity dates greater than 90 days and 
up to one year. 

Derivative Instruments 

Derivative instruments are recognized on the balance sheet at fair value with any changes in fair value 
between periods recognized in the determination of net income (loss) for the period. NXT does not apply 
hedge accounting to any of its derivatives. As at December 31, 2020 and 2019, NXT had no outstanding 
derivative instruments. 

Fair Value Measures 

For  any  balance  sheet  items  recorded  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis  or  non-recurring  basis,  the 
Company is required to classify the fair value measure into one of three categories based on the fair value 
hierarchy noted below. 

In  Level  I,  the  fair  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  is  determined  by  reference  to quoted  prices  in  active 
markets for identical assets and liabilities that the Company has the ability to assess at the measurement 
date.   

At December 31, 2020, the fair value of the RSU liability was determined using Level 1 inputs. 

In Level II, determination of the fair value of assets and liabilities is based on the extrapolation of inputs, 
other than quoted prices included within Level I, for which all significant inputs are observable directly or 
indirectly. Such inputs include published exchange rates, interest rates, yield curves and stock quotes from 
external data service providers. Transfers between Level I and Level II would occur when there is a change 
in market circumstances.   

In  Level  III, the  fair value of  assets  and  liabilities measured on  a  recurring  basis  is  determined  using  a 
market  approach  based  on  inputs  that  are  unobservable  and  significant  to  the  overall  fair  value 
measurement. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value can fluctuate between Level II and Level III 
depending on the proportion of the value of the contract that extends beyond the time frame for which 
inputs are considered to be observable.  As contracts near maturity and observable market data becomes 
available, the contracts are transferred out of Level III and into Level II.   

Measurement of credit losses on financial instruments 

In June 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that changes how entities measure credit losses for most 
financial assets and certain other financial instruments that are not measured at fair value through net 
income. The new guidance amends the impairment model of financial instruments, basing it on expected 
losses rather than incurred losses.  These expected credit losses are recognized as an allowance rather 
than as a direct write-down of the amortized cost basis. The new guidance was effective January 1, 2020 
and was applied using a modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this new guidance did not have 
a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.  

page | 37  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Deposits 

Deposits consist of security payments made to lessors for the Company’s office and aircraft lease.  They 
are classified as long term if the lease end date is greater than one year. 

Property and Equipment 

Property and equipment is recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization, which is recorded over the 
estimated service lives of the assets using the following annual rates and methods: 

Computer hardware (including survey equipment) 
Aircraft 
Furniture and other equipment 
Leasehold improvements 

30% declining balance 
10% declining balance 
20% declining balance 
10% declining balance 

Intellectual Property  

Intellectual property acquired is recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization, which is recorded over 
the estimated minimum useful life of the assets.  The Company incurs periodic expenses to file patents 
and to maintain them. 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets  

The Company reviews long-lived assets, which includes property, equipment and intellectual property for 
impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value  may  not  be 
recoverable.  The  Company  considers  both  internal  and  external  factors  when  assessing  for  potential 
indicators of impairment, and with respect to intellectual property, the Company’s assessment includes 
consideration  of  historical  and  forecasted  project  survey  revenues,  market  capitalization,  market 
capitalization control premiums, and the project survey revenue multiples compared to industry peers.  

When indictors of impairment exist, the Company first compares the total of the estimated undiscounted 
future cash flows or the estimated sale price to the carrying value of an asset.  If the carrying value exceeds 
these amounts, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over the estimated 
fair value of the asset. 

Research and Development Expenditure 

Research and development ("R&D") expenditures incurred to develop, improve and test the SFD® survey 
system and related components are expensed as incurred.  Any intellectual property that is acquired for 
the  purpose  of  enhancing  research  and  development  projects,  if  there  is  no  alternative  use  for  the 
intellectual property, is expensed in the period acquired.  No significant external R&D was incurred in the 
years ended 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Foreign Currency Translation 

The  Company's  functional  currency  is  the  Canadian  dollar.    Revenues  and  expenses  denominated  in 
foreign currencies are translated into Canadian dollars at the average exchange rate for the applicable 
period.  Monetary assets and liabilities are translated into Canadian dollars at the exchange rate in effect 

page | 38  

 
  
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

at  the  end  of  the  applicable  period.    Non-monetary  assets  and  liabilities  are  recorded  at  the  relevant 
exchange rates for the period in which the balances arose.  Any related foreign exchange gains and losses 
resulting from these translations are included in the determination of net income (loss) for the period.  

During 2020 the Company determined that the full amount previously presented in accumulated other 
comprehensive income of $710,934 related to cumulative translation adjustment associated with foreign 
subsidiaries that were substantially liquidated prior to fiscal year 2018. Thus the Company has recorded 
an immaterial correction to reflect the release of the cumulative translation adjustment to earnings prior 
to the opening balance sheet by eliminating the accumulated other comprehensive income balance of 
$710,934 and decreasing the deficit by the same amount. 

Income Taxes 

NXT  follows  the  asset  and  liability  method  of  accounting  for  income  taxes.  This  method  recognizes 
deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  based  on  temporary  differences  in  reported  amounts  for 
financial statement and income tax purposes, at the income tax rates expected to apply in the future 
periods when the temporary differences are expected to be reversed or realized.  The effect of a change 
in  income  tax  rates on  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  deferred  income  tax  liabilities  is  recognized  in 
income  in  the  period  when  the  tax  rate  change  is  enacted.    Valuation  allowances  are  provided  when 
necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. 

Stock Based Compensation  

NXT follows the fair value method of accounting for stock options, restricted stock units, deferred stock 
units,  and  the  employee  share  purchase  plan  (the  “Share  Compensation  Plans”)  that  are  granted  to 
acquire  common  shares  under  NXT's  Share  Compensation  Plans.  For  equity-settled  stock-based 
compensation awards, fair values are determined at the grant date and the expense, net of estimated 
forfeitures,  is  recognized  over  the  requisite  service  period  with  a  corresponding  increase  recorded  in 
contributed capital.  An  adjustment  is made  to  compensation expense  for  any difference  between the 
estimated forfeitures and the actual forfeitures. For cash-settled stock-based compensation awards, fair 
values,  based  on  observable  prices,  are  determined  at  each  reporting  date  and  periodic  changes  are 
recognized as compensation costs, with a corresponding change to liabilities.  

Upon exercise or realization of the Share Compensation Plans, the consideration received by NXT, and the 
related amount which was previously recorded in contributed capital, is recognized as an increase in the 
recorded value of the common shares of the Company. 

Income (Loss) Per Share 

Basic  income  (loss)  per  share  amounts  are  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  by  the  weighted 
average number of common shares that are outstanding for the fiscal period.  Shares issued during the 
period are weighted for the portion of the period that the shares were outstanding.  Diluted income per 
share, in periods when NXT has net income, is computed using the treasury stock method, whereby the 
weighted average number of shares outstanding is increased to include any additional shares that would 
be  issued  from  the  assumed  exercise  of  stock  options  and  common  share  purchase  warrants.    The 
incremental number of shares added under the treasury stock method assumes that outstanding stock 
options and warrants that are exercisable at exercise prices below the Company's average market price 
(i.e. they were “in-the-money”) for the applicable fiscal period are exercised and then that number of 

page | 39  

 
  
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

incremental shares is reduced by the number of shares that could have been repurchased by the Company 
from the issuance proceeds, using the average market price of the Company’s shares for the applicable 
fiscal period. 

No addition to the basic number of shares is made when calculating the diluted number of shares if the 
diluted per share amounts become anti-dilutive (such as occurs in the case where there is a net loss for 
the period). 

Revenue 

The performance obligation for NXT is the acquisition, processing, interpretation and integration of Stress 
Field Detection (SFD®) data.  Revenue from the sale of SFD® survey contracts (excluding of any related 
foreign value added taxes) is recognized over time by measuring the progress toward satisfaction of its 
performance  obligation  to  the  customer.  All  funds  received  or  invoiced  in  advance  of  recognition  of 
revenue are reflected as contract obligations and classified as a current liability on our balance sheet.   

The Company uses direct survey costs as the input measure to recognize revenue in any fiscal period.  The 
percentage of direct survey costs incurred to date over the total expected survey costs to be incurred, 
provides an appropriate measure of the stage of the performance obligation being satisfied over time.  

Leases 

On January 1, 2019, NXT adopted ASC Topic 842, Leases (“Topic 842”) and related amendments, using the 
modified  retrospective  approach  recognizing  a  cumulative  effect  adjustment  at  the  beginning  of  the 
reporting period in which Topic 842 was applied. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 
2019, are presented in accordance with Topic 842, while prior periods have not been restated and are 
reported  in  accordance  with  ASC  Topic  840,  Leases  (“Topic  840”).  On  transition,  NXT  elected  certain 
practical expedients permitted under Topic 842 which include:  
a)  No reassessment of the classification of leases previously assessed under Topic 840. 
b)  The use of hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains terms to extend or 

terminate the lease. 

The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the initial recognition of right-of-use assets of approximately $3.5 
million,  current  lease  liabilities  of  approximately  $0.7  million,  and  non-current  lease  liabilities  of 
approximately $3.4 million as at January 1, 2019. 

The policy and disclosures required under Topic 842 are included in Note 13, Leases.    

Government grants 

Government grants are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received, 
and  all  attached  conditions  will  be  complied  with.    When  the  grant  relates  to  an  expense  item,  it  is 
recognized as an expense reduction in the period in which the costs are incurred.  Where the grant relates 
to an asset, it is recognized as a reduction to the net book value of the related asset and then subsequently 
in net loss over the expected useful life of the related asset through lower charges to depreciation and 

page | 40  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

impairment.    During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  received  government  grants 
through  the  Canada  Emergency  Wage  Subsidy  (“CEWS”)  for  $292,161  and  Canada  Emergency  Rent 
Subsidy (“CERS”) for $58,526.     

3. Short-term investments 

Short-term investments consist of GIC’s with originally maturity dates of 90 days to one year from the 
date of purchase.  As at December 31, 2020 and 2019 all GIC’s had less than one year left before 
maturity.  For December 31, 2020, interest rates ranged from 0.50% to 1.75%.  For December 31, 2019, 
interest rates ranged from 1.70% to 2.15%.   

 Days to maturity 
Less than 90 days 
91 to 183 days 
184 days to one year  

4. Accounts Receivable 

Accounts receivable are all current as at December 31, 2020. 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 

Net accounts receivable 

The entire trade receivable is with one client.   

5. Note Receivable 

             December 31, 

       2020 
      $  191,261 
- 
  150,000 
341,261   

 December 31, 
      2019 
$ 1,754,302   
1,218,724 
808,486 
3,781,512 

December 31,  
2020 
$  804,059 
161,489 

December 31, 
2019 
  $1,297,792 
86,523 

965,548 
- 

965,548 

1,384,315 
- 

1,384,315 

On September 6, 2019, NXT and Alberta Green Ventures Limited Partnership (“AGV”) entered into a loan 
arrangement whereby NXT loaned to AGV US$250,000 for the purpose of providing AGV with additional 
funds  necessary  to  continue  advancing  the  common  objectives  of  the  parties  under  the  Co-operation 
Agreement and the Sales Representative Agreement.  The note receivable was fully collected in the year. 

page | 41  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

6. Deposits 

Security deposits have been made to the lessors of the office building and the aircraft.  The aircraft 
deposit is held in United States dollars. 

Building 
Aircraft 

7. Property and equipment 

Survey equipment 
Computers and software 
Furniture and other equipment 
Leasehold improvements 

Survey equipment 
Computers and software 
Furniture and other equipment 
Leasehold improvements 

December 31,  

2020 
$  43,309 
483,252 
526,561 

December 31, 
2019 
$  43,309 
492,245 
535,554 

December 31, 2020 

Cost 
Base 

Accumulated 
amortization 

$892,637 
1,265,045 
528,419 
1,084,573 
3,770,674 

$676,442 
1,232,844 
513,001 
641,061 
3,063,348 

Net book 
value 
$216,195 
32,200 
15,419 
443,512 
707,326 

December 31, 2019 

Cost 
Base 

Accumulated 
amortization 

$892,637 
1,265,045 
528,419 
965,108 

3,651,209 

$646,953 
1,219,045 
509,146 
598,418 

2,973,562 

Net book 
value 
$245,684 
46,000 
19,273 
366,690 

677,647 

page | 42  

 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

8. Right of use assets 

Aircraft  
Office Building  
Printer 
Office equipment 

Aircraft  
Office Building  
Printer 
Office equipment 

9.  Intellectual property 

Cost 
Base 
$1,578,774 
1,799,626 
17,794 
- 

3,396,194 

December 31, 2020 

Accumulated 
Amortization 
$556,891 
415,559 
8,314 
- 

Right of 
Use  
$1,021,883 
1,384,067 
9,480 
- 

980,794 

2,415,430 

December 31, 2019 

Cost 
Base 
$1,578,774 
1,799,626 
17,794 
139,725 
3,535,919 

Accumulated 
Amortization 
$256,778 
197,426 
3,973 
13,973 
472,150 

Right of 
Use  
$1,321,996 
1, 602,200 
13,821 
125,752 
3,063,769 

During 2015, NXT acquired the rights to the SFD® technology for use in the exploration of hydrocarbons 
from Mr. George Liszicasz, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Director, and recorded the 
acquisition as an intellectual property asset on the balance sheet.  The asset was recorded at the fair value 
of the consideration transferred, including the related tax effect of approximately $25.3 million.   

The asset is being amortized on a straight line basis over its estimated useful life of 15 years. The annual 
amortization expense expected to be recognized in each of the next five years is approximately $1.7 
million per year for a 5 year aggregate total of $8.5 million. 

Intellectual property acquired 
Accumulated amortization 

December 31,  
2020 
                                         $ 25,271,000 
(8,985,667) 
                                          16,285,333 

December 31, 
2019 

    $ 25,271,000 
 (7,300,933) 
       17,970,067 

page | 43  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

10.  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

Accrued liabilities related to: 

Consultants and professional fees 
Payroll 
Vacation Accrued 

Trade payables and other 

11.  Contract Obligations 

December 31,  
2020 

December 31, 
2019 

$183,920 
120,318 
71,699 
375,937 
64,601 
440,538 

$311,635 
- 
106,529 
418,164 
30,764 
448,928 

In December, 2020 the Company received a deposit of US$100,000 to sell pre-existing SFD® data.  The 
SFD® data is expected to be delivered to the customer in the second quarter of 2021.  

In 2019, the Company received a non-refundable deposit of $100,000USD from AGV to be applied to an 
SFD® survey which was to be completed by June 30, 2020.  The deposit was forfeited by AGV on June 30, 
2020  as  AGV  did  not  complete  a  SFD®  survey  prior to  this  date.  The  amount  was  recognized  as other 
revenue within the year (Note 21).   

Contract obligations 

December 31,  
2020 
$ 127,507 

December 31, 
2019 
    $ 131,386 

page | 44  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

12.  Asset Retirement Obligation 

Asset retirement obligations ("ARO") relate to minor non-operated interests in oil and natural gas wells in 
which NXT has outstanding abandonment and reclamation obligations in accordance with government 
regulations. The estimated future abandonment liability is based on estimates of the future timing and 
costs to abandon, remediate and reclaim the well sites within the next five years.  The net present value 
of the ARO is as noted below, and has been calculated using an inflation rate of 2.0% and discounted using 
a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate of 2.5%. 

ARO balance, beginning of the year 
Accretion expense 
Costs incurred 
Change in ARO estimates 
ARO balance, end of the year 

13. Lease obligation  

Aircraft  
Office Building  
Printer 
Office equipment 

Current Portion of lease obligations 
Long-term lease obligations 

Maturity of lease liabilities: 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Total lease payments 
Less imputed interest 
Total discounted lease payments 
Current portion of lease obligations 
Non-current portion of lease obligations 

2020 

2019 

$ 21,481  
2,069 
(809) 
- 
22,741 

$ 26,778 
2,069 
(7,366) 
- 
21,481 

2018 

$56,702 
2,069 
- 
(31,993) 
26,778 

December 31,  
2020 

       $1,220,425 
         1,440,085 
             9,232 
                       - 
         2,669,742 
          (773,465) 
    1,896,277 

December 31, 
2019 
      $ 1,680,103 
          1,669,953 
               13,573 
             42,515 
          3,406,144 
(736,408) 
          2,669,736 

$1,018,789 
1,135,510 
367,185 
367,185 
275,389 
3,164,058  
(494,316) 
2,669,742 
(773,465) 
1,896,277 

In June 2020, the Company exercised an option for an early buy-out option on its office equipment lease 
for $20,000. 

page | 45  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

14.  Commitments 

The table below is the non-lease operating cost components associated with  the costs of the  building 
lease.   

For the fiscal year ending  
December 31, 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025  

Office 
Premises 
$ 228,091 
228,091 
228,091 
228,091 
171,069 
1,083,433 

In  April  2017,  NXT  completed  a  sale  and  leaseback  agreement  of  its  aircraft  with  a  Calgary  based 
international aircraft services organization.  The terms of the agreement resulted in NXT selling its Cessna 
Citation  aircraft  that  was  purchased  in  2015  for  US$2,000,000  for  the  sum  of  US$2,300,000.  NXT  has 
leased  the  aircraft  over  an  initial  term  of  60  months  and  retains  all  existing  operating  rights  and 
obligations.  Net proceeds to NXT from the sale were approximately $2.7 million, after payment of all 
commissions and fees. The net book value of the asset of $2.4 million was derecognized and the resulting 
gain on disposition of $776,504 was deferred.  In  2017 and 2018 the amortized gain of $155,301 was 
recognized as a reduction to the Company’s lease expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income and 
Comprehensive Income (Loss).   

page | 46  

 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

15.  Common shares 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares, of which the following are 
issued and outstanding:  

As at the beginning of the year 
Issuance for Employee Stock Purchase 
Plan 

Shares retired during the year 

December 31, 2020 

For the years ended 
December 31, 2019 

# of shares 

$ amount 

# of shares 

$ amount 

64,406,891  $95,313,064  68,573,558  $96,656,248 

30,899 

14,059 

- 

- 

- 

 - 

(4,166,667) 

(1,343,184) 

As at the end of the year                                

64,437,790 

95,327,123  64,406,891 

95,313,064 

As at the beginning of the year 
Shares issued during the year: 
Issuance of Common Stock 
  from the Private Placement 

Finder’s fee 
Exercise of stock options                                              
Transfer from contributed capital  
on the exercise of stock options  
As at the end of the year                                 

                     For the Year Ended 
December 31, 2018 

# of shares 

$ amount 

58,161,133 

$88,121,286 

10,264,946 
140,812 
6,667 

8,387,451 
136,003 
5,067 

- 

68,573,558 

6,441 
96,656,248 

In 2019 the Company purchased 4,166,667 common shares in the capital of the Company at a price of 
$0.30 per common share for total gross  costs of $1.25 million plus related costs of $93,184 through a 
targeted issuer bid.  The 4,166,667 shares were cancelled immediately after they were purchased.   

In July 2018, the company completed a private placement.  In total, AGV purchased 10,264,946 Units at a 
price of $0.924 per Unit for total gross proceeds of approximately $9,484,810 comprising one share and 
a third of a warrant.  All of AGV’s 3,421,648 warrants expired as of October 31, 2019. A finder’s fee of 3% 
of the total amount of the Private Placement, which was paid one half in shares and one half in cash in 
2018. 

page | 47  

 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                               
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

16.  Earnings (Loss) per share 

For the years ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Net income (loss) for the year                

$(5,999,675) 

$3,772,908 

$(6,968,511) 

Weighted average number of shares 
outstanding for the year: 
Basic  

Diluted    

64,409,170 

68,156,059 

65,455,325 

64,409,170 

68,156,059 

65,455,325 

Net Income (loss) per share – Basic                 

Net Income (loss) per share – Diluted                

$(0.09) 

$(0.09) 

$0.06 

$0.06 

$(0.11) 

$(0.11) 

In years in which a loss results, all outstanding stock options are excluded from the diluted loss per share 
calculations as their effect is anti-dilutive.   

17.  Share based compensation 

The Company has an equity compensation program in place for its executives, employees and directors. 
Executives  and  employees  are  given  equity  compensation  grants  that  vest  based  on  a  recipient's 
continued employment. The Company’s stock-based compensation awards outstanding as at December 
31, 2020, include stock-options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and deferred share units (“DSUs”). The 
following tables provide information about stock option, RSU and DSU activity. 

For the years ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Stock Option Expense                

$   34,223 

$  43,809 

$  386,154 

Deferred Share Units 
Restricted Stock Units 
Employee Share Purchase Plan                 

Total Stock Based Compensation Expense        

15,000 
111,060 
8,133 

168,416 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

43,809 

386,154 

page | 48  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Stock Options: 

The following is a summary of stock options which are outstanding as at December 31, 2020.   

Exercise price 
per share 
$0.51 
$0.52 
$0.55 
$0.59 
$1.45 
$1.48 
$1.50 

# of options 
outstanding 
16,000 
100,000 
30,000 
150,000 
37,500 
37,500 
50,000 
421,000 

#of options 
exercisable 
16,000 
100,000 
30,000 
150,000 
37,500 
37,500 
50,000 
421,000 

Average remaining 
contractual 
life (in years) 
4.7 
3.5 
4.1 
2.8 
1.0 
0.5 
0.6 
2.5 

A continuity of the number of stock options which are outstanding at the end of the current year and as 
at the prior fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 

For the year ended, 
             December 31, 2020 

# of stock 

options 

1,169,500 
46,000 
(794,500) 
- 
421,000 
421,000 

weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$1.48 
$0.54 
$(1.77) 
     - 
$0.83 
$0.83 

Options outstanding, start of the year 
Granted 
Expired 
Forfeited 
Options outstanding, end of the year 
Options exercisable, end of the year 

# of stock 

options 

For the year ended, 
 December 31, 2019 
weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
$1.58 
$0.52 
$(1.51) 
$(1.70) 
$1.48 
$1.52 

1,297,000 
100,000 
(47,500) 
(180,000) 
1,169,500 
1,119,500 

page | 49  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

For the year ended, 
             December 31, 2018 

# of stock 

options 

1,648,667 
1,150,000 
(6,667) 
(65,000) 
(1,430,000) 
1,297,000 
1,197,000 

weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

$1.60 
$1.06 
$0.76 
($1.17) 
     ($1.21) 
$1.58 
$1.67 

Options outstanding, start of the year 
Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 
Forfeited 
Options outstanding, end of the year 
Options exercisable, end of the year 

Stock options granted generally expire, if unexercised, five years from the date granted and entitlement 
to exercise them generally vests at a rate of one-third at the end of each of the first three years following 
the date of grant. 

Stock based compensation expense (“SBCE”) is calculated based on the fair value attributed to grants of 
stock  options  using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model  and  utilizing  the  following  weighted  average 
assumptions: 

For the year ended  
Expected dividends paid per common share 
Expected life in years 
Weighted average expected volatility in the price of common shares 
Weighted average risk free interest rate 
Weighted average fair market value per share at grant date 
Intrinsic (or “in-the-money”) value per share of options exercised 

2018 
2019 
2020 
Nil 
Nil 
Nil 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
65% 
65% 
138% 
1.12%  1.68%  1.75% 
$0.54  $0.52  $1.06 
$      -  $0.59 
$      - 

Deferred Stock Units (“DSUs”): 

The  Company’s  first  grant  of  DSU’s  began  in  2020.    A  continuity  of  the  number  of  DSUs  which  are 
outstanding at the end of the current year is as follows: 

DSUs outstanding, start of the year 
Granted 
Closing balance 

2020 
- 
37,354 
37,354 

The DSUs plan is a long-term incentive plan that permits the grant of DSUs to qualified directors.  DSUs 
entitle the  holder  to  receive  the  underlying  number  of  shares  of  the  Company's  Common  Stock  upon 

page | 50  

 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

vesting of such units.  DSUs granted under the DSUs plan are to be settled at the retirement, resignation 
or death of the Board member holding the DSUs. 

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”): 

The Company’s first grant of RSU’s began in 2020.  RSUs entitle the holder to receive, at the option of the 
Company, either the underlying number of shares of the Company's Common Stock upon vesting of such 
units or a cash payment equal to the value of the underlying shares. The RSUs vest at a rate of one-third 
at the end of each of the first three years following the date of grant.  The Company intends to settle the 
RSUs in cash.  In the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted 1,200,000 RSU’s to employees 
and officers.   

A continuity of the number of RSUs, including fair value (“FV”) which are outstanding at the end of the 
current year is as follows: 

RSUs outstanding, start of the year 
Granted 
Converted 
Forfeited 
RSUs outstanding, end of the year 

Employee Share Purchase Plan (“ESP Plan”): 

             2020  

# of RSUs 
- 
1,200,000 
- 
- 
1,200,000 

FV/Unit 

$       - 
$ 0.45 
$       - 
$       - 
$ 0.79 

On August 25, 2020, shareholders of the Company and subsequently the Toronto Stock  Exchange (the 
"TSX") approved, the ESP Plan. The ESP Plan allows employees and other individuals determined by the 
Board to be eligible to contribute a minimum of 1% and a maximum of 10% of their earnings to the plan 
for the purchase of common shares in the capital of the Company, of which the Company will make an 
equal contribution. Common shares contributed by the Company may be issued from treasury or acquired 
through  the  facilities  of  the  TSX.      During  2020  the  Company  elected  to  issue  common  shares  from 
treasury. 

Purchased by employees 
Matched by the Company 
Total Common Shares issued 

2020 

# of shares 
16,686 
14,213 
30,899 

$ amount 
$   7,592 
    6,467 
14,059 

The Company will also match 100% of the employee contributions of up to 10% of their earnings in the 
first year of the plan if the employee does not withdrawal common shares from the ESP Plan in the first 
year of their participation, up to $15,000 per employee (the “Bonus Match”).  As at December 31, 2020 
the Company has accrued $1,666 for the Bonus Match. 

page | 51  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Effective for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company has presented stock based compensation 
expense  of  $168,416  within  general  and  administrative  expenses  and  has  recorded  an  immaterial 
correction to classify the stock based compensation expense for the 2019 and 2018 comparative years of 
$43,809 and $386,154, respectively, to be presented within general and administrative expenses. While 
ASC 718 does not identify a specific line item in the income statement for presentation of the expense 
related to share based compensation arrangements, the SEC has released guidance under SAB Topic 14.F 
that the expense related to share-based payment arrangements should be presented in the same line or 
lines as cash compensation paid to the same employees.  The Company’s presentation conforms to this 
guidance. 

18.  Income Tax Expense   

NXT  periodically  earns  revenues  while  operating  outside  of  Canada  in  foreign  jurisdictions.   Payments 
made to NXT for services rendered to clients and branch offices in certain countries may be subject to 
foreign  income  and  withholding  taxes.    Such  taxes  incurred  are  only  recoverable  in  certain  limited 
circumstances, including potential utilization in Canada as a foreign tax credit, or against future taxable 
earnings from the foreign jurisdictions. 

Income  tax  expense  is  different  from  the  expected  amount  that  would  be  computed  by  applying  the 
statutory Canadian federal and provincial income tax rates to NXT's income (loss) before income taxes as 
follows: 

For the years ended December 31,  

2020 

2019 

2018 

Income (loss) before income taxes 
Canadian statutory income tax rate 

$(5,999,675)        $3,772,908     $(6,968,551) 
27.0 % 

26.5 % 

24.0 % 

Income tax (recovery) at statutory income tax rate 

(1,439,922)              999,821        (1,881,509) 

Effect of non- deductible expenses and other items: 
Stock-based compensation and other expenses 
Change in statutory tax rates 
Foreign exchange adjustments 

Other (expired losses) 

Change in valuation allowance 
Income tax expense (recovery) 

44,225 
(131,242) 
29,910 
258,091 

11,609 
918,821 
82,433 
43,592 

99,919 
- 
(131,555) 
(221,978) 

(1,238,938) 
1,238,938 
- 

2,056,276 
(2,056,276) 
- 

(2,135,123) 
2,135,123 
- 

Effective July 1, 2020, the Province of Alberta decreased its corporate tax rate from 10% to 8%.   

page | 52  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

A valuation allowance has been provided for the Company’s deferred income tax assets due to uncertainty 
regarding the amount and timing of their potential future utilization, as follows: 

Net operating losses carried forward: 

Canada (expiration dates 2027 to 2040) 
USA (expiration dates 2021 to 2026) 

Timing differences on property & equipment, Right of   
Use Assets, Lease obligations and financing costs 

SRED Expenditures 
Foreign Tax Credit 

Intellectual property 

Less valuation allowance 

19.  Financial instruments 

1) Non-derivative financial instruments: 

2020 

2019 

2018 

$ 7,809,363 
1,223,212 

$ 6,840,817 
1,494,711 

$ 9,563,701 
1,569,976 

1,944,011 
369,522 
285,772 
11,631,880 
(3,745,627) 
7,886,253 
(7,886,253) 

1,810,789 
348,341 
285,772 
10,780,430 
(4,133,115) 
6,647,315 
(6,647,315) 

2,109,557 
396,020 
371,133 
14,010,387 
(5,306,796) 
8,703,591 
 (8,703,591) 

- 

- 

- 

The  Company's  non-derivative  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term 
investments, accounts receivable, note receivable, deposits, accounts payables and accrued liabilities and 
lease obligations.  The carrying value of these financial instruments, excluding leases, approximates their 
fair values due to their short terms to maturity.   

Credit Risk 

Credit  risk  arises  from  the  potential  that  the  Company  may  incur  a  loss  if  counterparty  to  a  financial 
instrument  fails  to  meet  its  obligation  in  accordance  with  agreed  terms.  The  Company’s  financial 
instruments  that  are  exposed  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  primarily  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents,  short-term  investments  and  accounts  receivable.  The  carrying  value  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents,  short-term  investments,  and  accounts  receivable  reflects  management’s  assessment  of 
credit  risk.    At  December  31,  2020,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  included 
balances in bank accounts, term deposits and guaranteed investment certificates, placed with financial 
institutions  with  investment  grade  credit  ratings.    The  majority  of  the  Company’s  accounts  receivable 
relate to sales to one customer in Nigeria and is exposed to foreign country credit risks.  The Company 
manages this credit risk by requiring advance payments before entering into certain contract milestones 
and when possible accounts receivable insurance. 

Foreign Exchange Risk 

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk in relation to its holding of significant US$ balances in 
cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term  investments,  accounts  receivable,  note  receivable,  deposits, 
accounts payables and accrued liabilities and entering into United States dollar revenue contracts.  To 
mitigate exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange, the Company does not currently enter into hedging 

page | 53  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

contracts, but uses strategies to reduce the volatility of United States Dollar assets including converting 
excess United States dollars to Canadian dollars.  As at December 31, 2020, the Company held net U.S 
dollar assets totaling US$2,164,285.  Accordingly, a hypothetical 10% change in the value of one United 
States dollar expressed in Canadian dollars as at December 31, 2020 would have had an approximately 
$276,000 effect on the unrealized foreign exchange gain or loss for the year. 

2) Derivative financial instruments 

As at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held no derivative financial instruments. 

20.  Change in non-cash working capital 

The changes in non-cash working capital balances are comprised of: 

Accounts receivable 
Note receivable 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Contractual obligations 

Portion attributable to: 
Operating activities 
Financing activities 
Investing activities 

21.  Geographic information 

             For the years ended December 31, 
2018 
($1,252) 
- 
42,204 
(899,122) 
- 

2019 
($1,339,408) 
(332,175) 
(31,973) 
104,745 
134,116 

2020 
$406,114 
324,700 
19,600 
(120,767) 
(3,878) 

625,769 

(1,464,695) 

(858,170) 

625,769 
- 
- 

625,769 

(1,464,695) 
- 
- 

(1,464,695) 

(858,170) 
- 
- 

(858,170) 

The Company generates revenue from its SFD® survey projects that assists the Company’s clients in the 
determination of where to focus their hydrocarbon exploration decisions concerning land commitments, 
data  acquisition  expenditures  and  prospect  prioritization  on  areas  with  the  greatest  potential.  NXT 
conducts  all  of  its  survey  operations  from  its  head  office  in  Canada,  and  occasionally  maintains 
administrative offices in foreign locations if and when needed. Revenue fluctuations are a normal part of 
SFD® survey system sales and can vary significantly year-over-year.   

Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 were the result of the forfeiture of the non-refundable 
deposit from AGV.  See Note 11.   

page | 54  

 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

Revenues by geographic area were generated solely in Nigeria during 2019, entirely from a single client.  

For the years ended December 31, 
2018 

2019 

2020 

Nigeria 
Other 

$                - 
136,566 

$11,976,149 
- 

 $                -  
- 

136,566 

11,976,149 

- 

22.   Survey Expenses 

Survey Expenses include the following: 

Aircraft Operations 

Charter hire reimbursements  
Lease payments 
Operating expenses 

Survey Projects 

23. Government Grants 

2020 

2019 

2018 

$ (662,383) 
433,618 
1,320,352 
1,091,587 
- 
1,091,587 

$ (613,038) 
400,847 
1,459,536 
1,247,345 
1,363,741 
2,611,086 

$ (698,211) 
454,729 
1,347,428 
1,103,946 
- 
1,103,946 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company received government grants through CEWS and 
the CERS.  The CEWS and CERS were recognized as a reduction to general and administrative expenses.   

CEWS 
CERS 
Government grants recognized               

December 31,  
2020 
$    292,161   
58,526 
$    350,687 

For the years ended 
December 31, 
2019 
$                  - 
- 
$                 - 

page | 55  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
         
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
NXT ENERGY SOLUTIONS INC. 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
As at and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated) 

24.  Other related party transactions 

One of the members of NXT’s Board of Directors is a partner in a law firm which provides legal advice to 
NXT.  Legal fees (including costs related to share issuances) incurred with this firm were as follows: 

Legal Fees 

2020 

2019 

2018 

$   224,479  $   276,261 

 $249,218 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities includes a total of $1,570 ($146,197 as at December 31, 2019) 
payable to this law firm.   A company owned by a family member of an executive officer was contracted 
to provide design services to the Company for a total cost of US$3,000.   

25. Gain on extinguishment of liability 

In 2018 NXT determined that liabilities it had recorded before 2005 were no longer payable.  As a result a 
gain of $185,661 has been recognized on the extinguishment of the liability.  No cash was paid. 

page | 56