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Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.

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FY2021 Annual Report · Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.
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Energizing 
Ocean 
Intelligence™

2021 ANNUAL REPORT

ENERGIZING OCEAN 
INTELLIGENCE™

POWER AS A SERVICE

OPT delivers autonomous clean power for topside and subsea offshore power applications 

wherever it is required. Dependable, clean, and environmentally friendly OPT PowerBuoy®

products can enable existing and new technologies to operate in remote ocean locations.

The PB3 PowerBuoy® generates electricity by 

harnessing the renewable energy of ocean waves. 

Featuring a unique power generation system, it 

autonomously converts wave energy into electric 

power to continuously charge on-board batteries, 

enabling multiple surface and subsea solutions.

The hybrid PowerBuoy® generates power primarily 

through solar panels with an efficient and clean 

burning Stirling engine to provide backup power 

and can provide reliable power in remote offshore 

locations, regardless of ocean wave conditions.

OPT’s Subsea Battery can be deployed 

together with our PowerBuoys® or on its own 

to supply continuous or short-term power supply 

from its integrated energy storage system to support 

a range of industries and applications, from backup 

power to critical subsea infrastructure to continuous 

operation of subsea equipment.

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC .    //    1

DATA AS A SERVICE 

An evolution of work we did in the North Sea, OPT is developing a proprietary Maritime Domain Awareness  

Solution (MDAS) to introduce edge computing and artificial intelligence modules that can be delivered to  

customers via a cyber-secure cloud environment and deployed on our PowerBuoys® or other platforms. 

The OPT MDAS includes high-definition radar, gyro-stabilized high-definition optical and thermal imaging cameras, 

vessel automatic identification system (AIS) detection, and integrated command and control software and as 

customer needs dictate. Capabilities include 24/7/365 vessel tracking, automatic radar plotting, automated vessel 

warnings, and high-definition optical and thermal video surveillance capable of providing evidentiary backup of 

activity to aid in prosecution.

Surveillance data can be integrated with readily available 

marine monitoring software or with our own MDA software 

solution developed together with leading partners in the 

technology industry to provide command and control features 

of a multi-buoy surveillance network. The data can also be 

integrated with satellite, weather, bathymetric, and other  

data feeds to form a detailed surface and subsea picture  

of a monitored area.

STRATEGIC CONSULTING SERVICES

Strengthened by OPT’s FY21 acquisition of 3Dent Technology,  

our Strategic Consulting Services team focuses on delivering  

ocean engineering, structural and dynamic analysis, engineering 

and design studies, and motion simulation for oil and gas, floating 

wind, and other offshore operators.  

Our team of dedicated consultants/designers has extensive  

expertise in structural engineering, hydrodynamics, and naval  

architecture. Among our services is a focus on addressing the  

issues current or would-be owners of offshore floaters, jackups,  

and lift boats have with their fleet. 3Dent’s services include  

simulation engineering, software engineering, concept design,  

and motion analysis.

2    //    2021 ANNUAL REPORT

DEAR FELLOW SHAREHOLDER,

Philipp Stratmann
President and Chief Executive Officer

Terence J. Cryan
Chairman of the Board

Thank you for your continued trust, confidence, and investment in 
Ocean Power Technologies. Our aim is to closely align the goals of 
this Company with the needs of the global maritime market. 

To better meet these needs, OPT is transforming the way we go to market. We are shifting from a company that 

fabricates offshore power products to one that provides services, specifically Power as a Service, Ocean Data 

as a Service, and Strategic Consulting Services. 

OPT will continue to provide Power as a Service with our autonomous PowerBuoys®. Similarly, for complex 

Ocean Data as a Service offerings such as our Maritime Domain Awareness solution, OPT will provide 

customized solutions and, when needed, will go to market with partners to expand our offering.  

We established a strong cornerstone for OPT’s Strategic Consulting Services by acquiring 3Dent Technology, a 

provider of offshore engineering and design services, in Fiscal Year 2021. We believe that our decision to invest 

in organic and inorganic growth will help OPT meet and anticipate the needs of a rapidly developing global 

marketplace. We will continue to evaluate similar opportunities whenever they align with and strengthen our 

strategic plan. 

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC .    //    3

OPT is committed to safety, true sustainability, and protecting our ocean resources while advancing the rapidly 

emerging Blue Economy. We can play a pivotal role in helping our customers reduce their impact on our 

oceans while also ensuring that OPT is a workplace where all employees feel safe, protected, supported, and 

rewarded. Therefore, we continue to foster diversity and inclusion throughout our Company. 

We recently changed the OPT Board committee structure by splitting the existing Health, Safety, and 

Environmental Committee into two separate committees. We believe the resulting Health and Safety Committee 

and the Environment and Sustainability Committee will provide greater emphasis on these critical internal and 

external focus areas. 

Our goals for Fiscal Year 2022 are to provide essential solutions safely and sustainably to our customers, 

expand our revenues and our global reach, identify high-revenue growth opportunities, and build critical 

partnerships to enable our future growth, all of which will deliver enduring shareholder value. We can do this by 

building the type of inclusive organization that treats everyone—customers, stockholders, employees, vendors, 

and partners—and our planet with the honor and respect they each deserve.

Sincerely yours, 

Philipp Stratmann 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Terence J. Cryan 
Chairman of the Board

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Terence J. Cryan 

A member of OPT’s Board of Directors since October 2012, 
Mr. Cryan has been Chairman of the Board since June 2014. 
He currently serves as a Managing Director of MACCO 
Restructuring Group, LLC, and serves as the Chairman  
of the Board of Westwater Resources, Inc. 

Diana G. Purcel 

A member of the OPT Board of 
Directors since December 2020, Ms. 
Purcel has 20 years of experience as 
a Chief Financial Officer for iMedia 
Brands, Inc., Cooper’s Hawk Winery & 
Restaurants, LLC, and BBQ Holdings, 
Inc. Ms. Purcel also serves on the 
Board of Directors for the Animal 
Humane Society.

Clyde W. Hewlett 

Peter E. Slaiby 

Serving on the OPT Board of Directors 
since December 2020, Mr. Hewlett has 
over 40 years of experience in offshore 
engineering design, manufacturing, 
and operations. He formerly served 
as Chief Operating Officer (COO) of 
Oceaneering International, Inc.

Serving on the Board of Directors 
since December 2020, Mr. Slaiby has 
over 39 years of experience in the 
oil and gas industry, including over 
37 years working with Royal Dutch 
Shell. Mr. Slaiby has also served on 
the Board of Directors for Glacier Oil 
and Gas and The Harris School in 
Houston, Texas. 

4    //    2021 ANNUAL REPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL &
SAFETY EFFORTS

Recognizing the importance of Environmental, Social, and Governance as essential elements to our 
success, OPT strives to deliver innovative products and solutions while working with high integrity, a 
strong governance culture, and respect for human rights. These considerations are important to how 
the company and our solutions and services affect the environments and societies in which we operate 
around the world. 

OPT sees itself as a responsible corporate citizen throughout the execution of our operations, empha-
sized in our goal to provide zero-carbon and low-carbon power and data solutions for offshore industries, 
scientific research, and territorial security. It’s our goal that all OPT products have minimal environmental 
impact in comparison to other potential solutions. 

In addition, OPT’s commitment to our local communities continues to grow through volunteering and  
internship programs. As the COVID-19 pandemic took hold, OPT fabricated and donated thousands  
of face shields for first responders and medical personnel throughout New Jersey.

ISO 45001 CERTIFIED

OPT aims to ensure that its employees have a healthy and safe work 

environment, which includes policies to guide our efforts. We take a 
proactive approach to the identification and control of environment, 

health, and safety risks and we work to continuously improve our 

Health, Safety, and Environment performance to prevent workplace 

injuries and illness, and we provide ongoing education to employees. 

In June 2021, OPT achieved ISO 45001 certification for our Occupational Health and Safety Management  

System. ISO 45001 is one of many globally recognized safety standards developed and published by the International 

Organization of Standardization (ISO) to help organizations to improve employee safety, reduce workplace risks, and 

create safer working conditions.

Issued by Bureau Veritas, a respected leader in testing, inspection, and certification services, OPT’s certification 

follows a rigorous and in-depth audit to ensure compliance with the globally recognized ISO 45001 occupational  

health and safety standard. The ISO certification demonstrates OPT’s commitment to responsible actions to protect 

the health and safety of employees and create safe working conditions by identifying and preventing potential 

workplace hazards. 

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC .    //    5

PARTNERSHIPS

We believe that our solutions are best developed, sold, deployed, and maintained together with 
subject matter experts in their respective fields. This enables OPT to protect, maintain, and evolve 
our power platforms and integrate them with surface and subsea payloads. 

Previous partnerships have focused on deployment and installations, sourcing of surface payloads, 
and integration with autonomous vehicles, among other projects. OPT is currently working with 
software and robotics partners to develop our MDA solution. We are also in active discussions with 
larger systems integrators to develop partnerships focusing on selling our platforms and solutions 
as part of larger projects.

PARTNER SPOTLIGHT: FATHOM5

Austin, Texas-based Fathom5 is an industrial technology 
company, building the operating system for the next generation 
of industrial technologies. Fathom5 secures the digital 
future with DevOps to the edge pipelines, cyberphysical 
testbeds, industry 4.0 solutions, and digital services. Fathom5 
is supporting OPT in ensuring the next generation of a 
PowerBuoy®-based Maritime Domain Awareness Solution 
can stand up to cybersecurity challenges at sea.

PARTNER SPOTLIGHT: GREENSEA SYSTEMS

Richmond, Vermont-based Greensea Systems is the creator 
of OPENSEA, an open architecture software platform, and is a 
world leader in navigation and autonomy technology for marine 
robotics. Greensea directly supports several military programs 
with products, training, and technology development and will 
support OPT to develop and launch the next generation of 
PowerBuoy®-based Maritime Domain Awareness Solution on
the OPENSEA platform.

6    //    2021 ANNUAL REPORT

MARKETS

DEFENSE & SECURITY
OPT’s PB3 PowerBuoy® is uniquely positioned to be used to provide power and 
communications for multiple applications within the defense and security markets. 

An example application for domestic and international defense departments and defense 
contractors includes forward deployed energy and communications outposts (which is 
a current U.S. Department of Defense program), both above and below sea surface, as 
indicated by a recently completed OPT study for the Naval Postgraduate School’s Sea 
Land Air Military Research (SLAMR) Initiative. 

Other examples include perimeter security, early detection and warning systems, remote 
sensing stations, high frequency radar, sonar, electro-optical, and infrared sensors for 
maritime security, network communications systems, and unmanned underwater vehicle 
docking stations.

OFFSHORE WIND
OPT can support offshore windfarm development, a fleet that is forecast to 
grow 15-fold by 2040 and move further offshore with Europe alone connecting 
over 500 turbines in 2019 (Wind Power Monthly, October 2019). 

Opportunities include autonomous collection of ocean data and monitoring 
of marine habitats during pre-installation and construction phases. Other 
applications include supporting ongoing survey work of operational windfarms 
and communication stations for aerial drones providing maintenance materials, 
mitigating carbon emissions produced by traditional crewed vessel support. 

OFFSHORE OIL & GAS 
The offshore oil and gas industry is undergoing a significant transformation as it 
continues to invest in new technologies that enable carbon reduction, cost savings, 
and the electrification and digitization of operations. OPT PB3 PowerBuoys®
can provide power in applications that are not currently possible, displace 
current power solutions, or augment existing technologies. Other applications 
include remote and autonomous charging of subsea assets, such as ROVs and 
AUVs, providing power to unmanned platforms, and area surveillance during 
decommissioning activities.

SCIENCE & RESEARCH
Providing environmental intelligence supports ocean measurement, 
observation, and forecasting, the science and research market is an important 
provider of information to maritime commerce and the entire Blue Economy. 
OPT power and communications solutions can assist researchers in mining 
ocean data in areas such as meteorology, climate change, ocean currents, and 
biological processes to inform operations and development, protect marine 
habitats, and monitor marine sanctuaries.

Energizing 
Ocean 
Intelligence™

2021 FORM  10-K

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 

Form 10-K 

[X]  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 

or 

[  ]  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from        to         . 

Commission File Number 001-33417 

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

22-2535818 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

28 ENGELHARD DRIVE, SUITE B 
MONROE TOWNSHIP, NJ 08831 
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (609) 730-0400 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of Each Class 
Common Stock, par value $0.001 

Name of Exchange on Which Registered 
NYSE American 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [  ] No [X] 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [  ] No [X] 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  (1)  has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant 
was required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company  or  an  emerging  growth  company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,”  “smaller  reporting 
company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 

Large accelerated filer [  ] 

Accelerated filer [  ] 

Non-accelerated filer [  ] 

Smaller reporting company [X] 

Emerging growth company [  ] 

If  an  emerging  growth  company,  indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  has  elected  not  to  use  the  extended  transition  period  for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.[  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness 
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered 
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. [X] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X] 

The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates as of October 31, 2020, the last business day of 
the  registrant’s  most  recently  completed  second  fiscal  quarter,  was  $40.8  million  based  on  the  closing  sale  price  of  the  registrant’s 
common stock on that date as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market. 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of July 15, 2021 was 52,458,011. 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

   Page 

Item 1. 
Item 1A. 
Item 1B. 
Item 2. 
Item 3. 
Item 4. 

Item 5. 

Item 6. 
Item 7. 
Item 7A. 
Item 8. 
Item 9. 
Item 9A. 
Item 9B. 

Item 10. 
Item 11. 
Item 12. 

Item 13. 
Item 14. 

   PART I 
   Business .........................................................................................................................................    
   Risk Factors ...................................................................................................................................    
   Unresolved Staff Comments ..........................................................................................................    
   Properties .......................................................................................................................................    
   Legal Proceedings .........................................................................................................................    
   Mine Safety Disclosures ................................................................................................................    

   PART II 
   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities ............................................................................................................................  
   Selected Financial Data .................................................................................................................    
   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ........    
   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk .......................................................    
   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data .............................................................................    
   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure ........    
   Controls and Procedures ................................................................................................................    
   Other Information ..........................................................................................................................    

   PART III 
   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ............................................................    
   Executive Compensation ...............................................................................................................    
   Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management and  Related  Stockholder 
Matters ...........................................................................................................................................  
   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ..............................    
   Principal Accountant Fees and Services ........................................................................................    

Item 15. 

   PART IV 
   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules .......................................................................................    

1 
14 
26 
27 
27 
27 

28 
28 
29 
36 
36 
36 
36 
36 

37 
37 

37 
37 
37 

38 

PowerBuoy® and the Ocean Power Technologies logo are trademarks of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. All 

other trademarks appearing in this annual report are the property of their respective holders. 

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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 

We have made statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) in, among other sections, 
Item 1 - “Business,” Item 1A - “Risk Factors,” Item 3 - “Legal Proceedings,” and Item 7 - “Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  that  are  forward-looking  statements.  Forward-looking 
statements convey our current expectations or forecasts of future events. Forward-looking statements include statements 
regarding our future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs, plans and objectives of management for 
future  operations.  The  words  “may,”  “continue,”  “estimate,”  “intend,”  “plan,”  “will,”  “believe,”  “project,”  “expect,” 
“anticipate” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not 
necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. 

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this Annual Report may turn out to be inaccurate. We have based 
these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that 
we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. They may be 
affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or unknown risks and uncertainties, including the risks, uncertainties 
and assumptions described in Item 1A - “Risk Factors.” In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-
looking events and circumstances discussed in this Annual Report may not occur as contemplated and actual results could 
differ materially from those anticipated or implied by the forward-looking statements. 

You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this filing. 
Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect 
new information or future events or otherwise. 

Our fiscal year begins on May 1 and ends on April 30. When we refer to a particular fiscal year, we are referring 
to the fiscal year ending on April 30 of that year. References to fiscal 2021 are to the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. 
When the term “twelve month ended” is used, this is synonymous with “fiscal year ended.” 

Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “Company,” “Ocean Power Technologies,” “OPT,” “we,” “our” 

or “us” as used herein refers to Ocean Power Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries. 

ii 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

Overview 

PART I 

We are a marine power equipment, data solutions and service provider. We control the design, manufacture, sales, 
installation, operations and maintenance of our solutions and services while working closely with commercial, technical, 
and other development partners that provide software, controls, mechatronics, sensors, integration services, and marine 
installation services. We believe our renewable autonomous ocean solutions deliver power and data collection, analysis 
and  communication  in  remote  ocean  environments,  allowing  users  to  gather  actionable  intelligence  with  their  ocean 
jurisdictions. Our mission and purpose are to provide intelligent maritime solutions and services that enable safer and more 
productive ocean operations for the defense and security, offshore oil and gas, science and research, and offshore wind 
markets.  We  achieve  this  through  our  proprietary,  state-of-the-art  technologies  that  are  at  the  core  of  our  clean  and 
renewable energy platforms upon which we offer our solutions and services. 

We continue to develop and commercialize our proprietary systems that generate electricity by harnessing the 
renewable  energy  of  ocean  waves  for  our  PowerBuoy®  (“PB3”),  and  solar  power  for  our  hybrid  PowerBuoy®  (the 
“hybrid”). The PB3 uses proprietary technologies that convert the kinetic energy created by the heaving motion of ocean 
waves into electricity. Our strategy includes developing complete solutions and services, including cloud-based delivery 
systems for ocean data and predictive analytics to provide actionable intelligence for our clients. Based on feedback from 
our current customers, discussions with potential customers in the defense and security, offshore oil and gas, science and 
research, and offshore wind markets, as well as government applications in fishery protection and protected marine areas, 
together with our market research and publicly available data, we believe that numerous markets have a direct need for our 
solutions. Our recent projects have been in the offshore oil and gas and science and research industries. We believe there 
is an increasing need for our products and services in areas such as fishery protection, offshore windfarm support, and 
maritime domain  awareness applications. We believe  that  having demonstrated  the  capability of our  solutions, we  can 
advance our product and services and gain further adoption from our target markets. Our marketing efforts are focused on 
offshore locations that require a cost-efficient solution for renewable, reliable, and persistent power and communications, 
either by supplying electric power to payloads that are integrated directly with our product or located in its vicinity, such 
as  on  the  seabed  and  in  the  water  column.  We  believe  we  are  the  leader  in  offshore  autonomous  ocean  wave  power 
conversion  technology  which  provides  renewable  power  for  offshore  operations  that  were  previously  logistically 
problematic and difficult to decarbonize. 

We are continuing to build upon our mission of connecting the oceans with those who operate and manager the 
resource in the environment. We do this through our solution offerings, that are based on our proprietary renewable power 
platforms  and  engineering  skills.  Our  solutions  focus  on  three  major  services  areas,  Data  as  a  Service,  supported  and 
enabled  by  Power  as  a  Service,  and  underpinned  by  our  Strategic  Consulting  Services,  which  we  expanded  with  the 
acquisition of 3dent Technology, LLC (“3Dent”), in February 2021. Over the course of fiscal 2022, we intend to continue 
to grow our service sectors and develop, evolve, and strengthen our solutions. 

Our Power as a Service segment delivers value to customers by utilizing our managed power platforms, such as 
the PB3 PowerBuoy® or hybrid PowerBuoy®, and subsea battery for topside and subsea power applications. Our focus 
for this segment is on bringing autonomous clean power to our customers wherever it is required. On our project with Eni 
S.p.A. (“Eni”), we utilized our PB3 PowerBuoy®, which operated in the Adriatic Sea for over 600 days of continuous 
operation  as  part  of  Eni’s  resident  autonomous  underwater  vehicle  (“AUV”)  feasibility  studies.  During  commercial 
operations, an AUV would remain on site to perform various inspection, maintenance, and repair tasks. As demonstrated 
during our project with Eni, our Power solutions generated sufficient power that could, with client assets extend missions 
for longer durations. 

Our  Data  as  a Service  segment  is  an  evolution of  the  work  we did for  Premium  Oil (now known  as Harbour 
Energy) in the North Sea in 2019. Since then, we have been developing a Maritime Domain Awareness solution (“MDA-
S” or “MDA”) to introduce edge computing and artificial intelligence modules that can be delivered to customers via cyber 
secure cloud environments. 

Our Strategic Consulting Services, materially strengthened by the acquired 3Dent team, focus on delivering value 
to our customers in the areas of ocean engineering, structural and dynamic analysis, Front End Engineering and Design 
(“FEED”) studies, and motion simulation. These services can be delivered as part of our broader Power and/or Data as a 
Service utilizing our solutions or on a standalone basis. In the near term, we are focusing on increasing our market share 
in  the  floating  offshore  wind  market  and  the  broader  floating  foundation  design  market,  as  well  as  our  business  with 
offshore oil and gas customers. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Throughout FY21 we delivered several transactions and projects laying the foundations for our growth in FY22. 
In February 2021, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interest of 3Dent, a company based in Houston, Texas, 
that offers offshore engineering and design services that are complementary to our technology and products and strengthen 
our Strategic Consulting Services. 

In November 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with the Offshore Operators Committee (“OOC”) 
under which the Company will provide engineering and technical services for a new project under the DeepStar Global 
Technology Consortium Program. This forms part of our Power as a Service offering. 

In  October  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  an  agreement  with  Adams  Communication  &  Engineering 
Technology,  Inc.  (“ACET”)  to  conduct  a  feasibility  study  for  the  evaluation  of  a  PB3  power  and  5G  communications 
solution  in  support  of  the  U.S.  Navy’s  Naval  Postgraduate  School’s  Sea,  Land,  Air,  Military  Research  Initiative 
(“SLAMR”). This forms part of our Data as a Service division. 

We also strengthened our balance sheet by raising over $81.0 million of cash through At the Market (“ATM”) 

and equity line of credit (“ELOC”) programs with Alliance Group Partners (“AGP”) and Aspire Capital (“Aspire”). 

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey in April 1984 and began commercial operations 

in 1994. On April 23, 2007, we reincorporated in Delaware. 

Our Solutions and Power Generating Platform Services 

PB3 PowerBuoy® 

The PB3 generates electricity by harnessing the renewable energy of ocean waves. The PB3 features a unique 
onboard  power  take-off  (“PTO”)  system,  which  incorporates  both  energy  storage  and energy  management  and  control 
systems.  The  PB3  generates  a  nominal  name-plated  capacity  rating  of  up  to  3  kilowatts  (“kW”)of  peak  power  during 
recharging of the onboard batteries. Power generation is deployment-site dependent. Our standard energy storage system 
(“ESS”) has an energy capacity of up to a nominal 150 kW-hours to meet specific application requirements. 

The PB3 is designed to generate power for use independent of the power grid in remote offshore locations. The 
hull consists of a main spar structure loosely moored to the seabed and surrounded by a floating annular structure that can 
freely move up and down in response to the passage of the waves. The PTO system includes a mechanical actuating system, 
an electrical generator, a power electronics system, our control system, and our ESS which is sealed within the hull. As 
ocean waves pass the PB3, the mechanical stroke action created by the rising and falling of the waves is converted into 
rotational mechanical energy by the PTO, which in turn, drives the electric generator. The power electronics system then 
conditions the electrical output which is collected within an ESS. The operation of the PB3 is controlled by our customized, 
proprietary control system. 

The  control  system  uses  sensors  and  an  onboard  computer  to  continuously  monitor  the  PB3  subsystems.  We 
believe that this ability to optimize and manage the electric power output of the PB3 is a significant advantage of our 
technology. In the event of large storm waves, the control system automatically locks the PB3, and electricity generation 
is suspended. However, the load center (either the on-board payload or one in the vicinity of the PB3) may continue to 
receive power from the ESS. When wave heights return to normal operating conditions, the control system automatically 
unlocks the PB3 and electricity generation and ESS replenishment recommences. This safety feature helps to prevent the 
PB3 from being damaged by storms. 

The PB3 can be transported over land to the deployment port using conventional transportation methods. Once at 
port, the PB3 can be lifted into the water or onboard a vessel using a readily available crane of appropriate capacity. The 
PB3 may then be towed to site using a standard vessel (if the location is within an appropriate distance from the port), or 
the PB3 may be carried aboard a vessel to its offshore location and craned into the water at site. The PB3 is then attached 
to the mooring system, which is installed during a separate operation, after which a brief commissioning process places the 
PB3 into operation. 

We believe that using wave energy for electricity generation has the following potential benefits, compared to 

existing incumbent solutions. 

   ● 

Scalability within a small site area. Due to the dense energy in ocean waves, we believe that the electricity may 
be aggregated to supply larger payloads, as a result, for example, of multiple PB3 which are placed in an array, 
occupying a relatively small area. We believe the array of a larger number of PB3 could offer end users a variety 
of advantages in availability, reliability and scalability. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   ● 

   ● 

Predictability. The generation of power from wave energy can be forecasted several days in advance. Available 
wave energy can be calculated with a high degree of accuracy based on satellite images and meteorological data, 
even when the wave field is hundreds of miles away and days from reaching a PB3. Therefore, we believe end-
users relying on PB3 for power may be able to proactively plan their logistics, payload scheduling and other 
operational activities based on such data, 
Constant source of energy. The annual occurrence of waves at specific sites can be relatively persistent and 
defined with relatively high accuracy. Based on our studies and analyses of various sites of interest, we believe 
that we will be able to deploy our PB3 in locations where the waves could produce usable electricity for most 
of the year. 

Based on our market research and publicly available data, including but not limited to the U.S. Department of 
Energy (“DOE”) 2019 Powering the Blue Economy Report, the Westwood Energy World ROV Operations Forecast 2019-
2023, and the World Bank Database, we believe that numerous markets may have a direct need for our PB3 including 
defense and security, offshore oil and gas, science and research, and offshore wind, as well as government applications in 
fishery  protection  and  marine  protected  areas.  Depending  on  payload  power  requirements,  sensor  types  and  other 
considerations, we have found that our PB3 could satisfy several application requirements within these markets. We believe 
that the PB3 can generates sufficient power to meet the requirements of many potential customer applications within our 
target markets, and that the hybrid could provide ample power in geographies where wave conditions may not be sufficient 
to allow the PB3 to generate sufficient power. 

hybrid PowerBuoy® 

The Company has product launched a hybrid PowerBuoy® that is a solar powered surface buoy, compared to the 
wave power generating PB3. The hybrid PowerBuoy® is powered primarily through solar panels with an efficient and 
clean burning external combustion Stirling engine to provide back-up power and is capable of providing reliable power in 
remote offshore locations, regardless of ocean wave conditions. We believe this product is complementary to the PB3 by 
providing the Company the opportunity to address a broader spectrum of customer deployment needs, including low-wave 
environments, with the potential for greater product integration within each customer project. It is primarily intended for 
shorter term deployment applications, such as electric remotely operated vehicle (“eROV”) and autonomous underwater 
vehicle (“AUV”) inspections and short-term maintenance, topside surveillance and communications, and subsea equipment 
and controls. The hybrid can be quickly deployed and offers customers a cost-effective solution. The design has a high 
payload capacity for communications and surveillance, with the capability of being tethered to subsea payloads such as 
batteries, or with a conventional anchor mooring system. The hybrid generates power from both an array of solar panels 
and an efficient, clean burning 1 kW Stirling engine fueled by liquid propane. This energy is stored in onboard batteries 
which power subsea and topside payloads. The Company has designed the hybrid with a Stirling engine backup system to 
outperform traditional diesel buoys, which we believe have more frequent service and refueling intervals and higher carbon 
intensities. We believe the hybrid will be able to operate over a broad range of temperature and ocean wave conditions. 

The towable, boat-shaped hull design of the hybrid is appropriate for deployment throughout the world. Power is 
generated independent of wave activity, making it a good solution for providing power through extreme weather and in 
heaving seas, or in calm, low wave environments and is complimentary to the PB3. 

As with the PB3, the control system uses sensors and an onboard computer to continuously monitor the hybrid 
subsystems. We believe that this ability to optimize and manage the electric power output of the hybrid is a significant 
advantage of our technology. In the event of extended cloudy periods, the control system automatically switches electricity 
generation from the solar panels to the backup engine. However, the load center, either the on-board payload or one in the 
vicinity of the hybrid, may continue to receive power from the on-board ESS. When more suitable solar power generation 
conditions return, the control system automatically stops the backup up engine and ESS replenishment recommences by 
way of solar electricity generation. 

The hybrid is designed for use with a single point umbilical and mooring but can be adapted for a 3-point mooring 

installation for use as a temporary replacement for PB3 installations during planned maintenance or repairs. 

The hybrid can be transported over land to the deployment port using conventional transportation methods. Once 
at port, the hybrid can be lifted into the water or onboard a vessel using a readily available crane of appropriate capacity. 
The hybrid may then be towed to site using a standard vessel (if the location is within an appropriate distance from the 
port), or the hybrid may be carried aboard a vessel to its offshore location and craned into the water at site. The hybrid is 
then  attached  to  the  single  point  mooring  system,  which  is  installed  during  a  separate  operation,  after  which  a  brief 
commissioning process places the hybrid into operation. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The hybrid is configured with a nominal 30 kW-hours of battery energy storage and approximately 1 megawatt-
hour  (“MWh”)  of  stored  energy  in  the  propane  system.  While  the  batteries  are  primarily  charged  through  solar  power 
generation,  the  propane  powered  Stirling  engine  system  on  the  hybrid  can  be  considered  reserve  energy  storage,  with 
propane having a much higher energy storage density than lithium-ion batteries. It can be utilized when needed based on 
load demand and will provide approximately 1 MWh of stored energy capacity. We believe that this amount of stored 
energy offers an attractive local, autonomous energy solution for clients in a range of industries, including but not limited 
to offshore oil and gas and marine observation, particularly for shorter term deployments. 

Subsea Battery 

We have product launched a subsea battery that is complementary to both of our PB3 and hybrid products and 
can be deployed together with our PowerBuoys® or on its own. It offers customers the option of placing additional modular 
and expandable energy storage on the seabed near existing or to be installed subsea equipment. Our lithium-ion subsea 
batteries supply power that can enable subsea equipment, sensors, communications and AUV and eROV recharge. Our 
PB3  and  hybrid  are  complimentary  to  the  subsea  batteries  by  providing  a  means  for  recharging  during  longer  term 
deployments, or the batteries can be used independently for shorter term deployments. 

The subsea battery has been designed to provide continuous and/or short-term power supply from its integrated 
energy storage system, enabling us to supply into a range of industries and applications, from backup power to critical 
subsea infrastructure to continuous operation of subsea equipment, such as electric valves. The base design of the subsea 
battery has a nominal 100 kW-hours of energy storage. The subsea battery can be transported over land to the deployment 
port using conventional transportation methods. Once at port, the subsea battery can be lifted onboard a vessel using a 
readily available crane of appropriate capacity. The battery can then be carried aboard a vessel to its offshore location and 
craned into the water at site. It comes installed on a ready deployable subsea skid suitable for installation on the seabed. 
The subsea battery can be integrated into other subsea equipment on land prior to deployment. The battery is then connected 
to the other components on the seabed with the use of an eROV. 

Maritime Domain Awareness Solution 

The International Maritime Organization defines Maritime Domain Awareness as the effective understanding of 
any activity that could impact upon the security, safety, economy, or environment. Since 2002 the United States of America, 
for example, has had an active strategy to secure the Maritime Domain. Furthermore, in 2020 US Coast Guard elevated 
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (“IUU”) fisheries, one aspect of MDA security, as the leading global maritime threat. 
It is estimated that tens of billions of Dollars are lost every year to IUU fishing alone. 

We intend our MDA Solution payload to consist of a high-definition radar, gyro-stabilized high-definition optical 
and  thermal  imaging  cameras,  vessel  automatic  identification  system  (“AIS”)  detection,  and  integrated  command  and 
control  software  and  as  customer  needs  dictate.  Capabilities  include  24/7  vessel  tracking,  automatic  radar  plotting, 
automated vessel warnings, and high-definition optical and thermal video surveillance capable of providing evidentiary 
backup of activity to aid in prosecution. 

We intend data from our MDA solution will be processed onboard our buoys using edge computing, developed 
together with our software partners, transmitted to shore-based command stations via cyber-secure Wi-Fi, cellular, and/or 
satellite systems, depending upon location, and then further processed in our cloud-based analytics platform. Surveillance 
data  can  be  integrated  with  readily  available  marine  monitoring  software  or  with  our  own  MDA  software  solution 
developed together with leading partners in the technology industry to provide command and control features of a multi-
buoy surveillance network. The data can also be integrated with satellite, weather, bathymetric, and other data feeds to 
form a detailed surface and subsea picture of a monitored area. 

A  single  buoy  Maritime  Domain  Awareness  Solution,  coupled  with  a  PB3  PowerBuoy®,  can  monitor  vessel 
traffic, with or without AIS turned on, across an area approximately 1,300 square nautical miles of ocean territory on a 
permanent or temporary basis, with the ability to link multiple surveillance assets together over large ocean areas giving 
end-users visibility into potentially damaging environmental or illegal activities. Customized solutions are also available 
including the addition of subsea sensors to monitor for acoustic signatures, tsunami, and water quality. 

Strategic Consulting Services 

In addition to work being performed by OPT for the DeepStar project, through our technology subsidiary, 3Dent, 
we  also  offer  a  full  range  of  high-level  offshore  engineering,  including  providing  consulting  engineering  and  design 
services to offshore wind developers, offshore construction companies, drilling contractors, major oil companies, service 
companies, shipyards, and engineering firms. 3Dent’s team of dedicated consultants/designers has expertise in structural 
engineering, hydrodynamics and naval architecture. Among its services is a focus on addressing the issues current or would-
be owners of offshore floaters, jackups, and lift boats have with their fleet. 3Dent’sservices include simulation engineering, 
software engineering, concept design and motion analysis. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Competitive Advantages 

We intend to commercializing our products and solutions by targeting customers in our principal markets (defense 
and security, offshore oil and gas, science and research, and offshore wind, as well as government applications in fishery 
protection and marine protected areas) that require reliable and persistent power sources in remote offshore locations for 
short and long-term deployments. We believe that our solutions and our existing commercial relationships provide the 
following competitive advantages in our target markets: 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

● 

Numerous  applications  within  multiple  major  market  segments.  We  have  designed  our  products  to  address 
multiple offshore applications around the world. We are targeting customers with multiple applications within the 
defense and security, offshore oil and gas, science and research, and offshore wind markets as well as government 
applications  in  fishery protection  and marine  protected  areas  (“MPAs”). Our  PB3  is designed  for  longer-term 
deployment in high ocean wave climates. Our hybrid is designed to meet the needs of customers with projects in 
low  sea  state  locations  and/or  those  requiring  short-term  deployments.  We  believe  our  subsea  battery  enables 
persistent power to be delivered from the seabed to support autonomous, all-electric subsea operations. Together, 
all these products can be integrated to provide customized power solutions for our customers. Our PowerBuoy® 
products  can  also  act  as  self-powered  solution  platforms  for  payloads,  such  as  our  MDA  package  which  can 
provide real-time perimeter security, vessel tracking and area surveillance for government defense and fishery 
protection. 

Considerable life-cycle cost savings over current solutions for many applications. Our PB3 is designed to operate 
over  extended  intervals  between  required  servicing.  We  believe  that  our  PB3  reduces  costs  over  multi-year 
operations. These cost reductions are mostly due to reduced vessel and personnel servicing activities. For short 
term deployments, our hybrid is a cost-efficient means of providing MDA and subsea power solutions. Our subsea 
battery  can  provide  power  to  sea  floor  systems  when  combined  with  either  the  PB3  or  hybrid  for  power 
regeneration,  thus  reducing  or  even  potentially  eliminating  the  need  for  manned  vessels  to  replace  expended 
subsea batteries during mission life. 

Real-time  data  communications.  Our  PowerBuoys®  can  be  equipped  with  a  variety  of  communications 
equipment, such as 5G, 4G LTE, satellite (VSAT) and Wi-Fi, which enables the transmission of data on a frequent 
or near-continuous basis. We believe that more frequent data communication could enable an end-user to more 
quickly and proactively make data-driven decisions which could result in economic advantages. Real-time data 
communications  are  an  essential  component  of  our  MDA  payload,  allowing  continued  autonomous  remote 
monitoring of marine traffic from land. 

Increased power and persistence compared to certain current solutions. We have found that our PowerBuoys® 
may  provide  substantial  power  and  persistence  for  long  term  deployments.  We  believe  that  this  may  allow 
additional sensors to be employed at the same site, a higher sensor data transmission rate to be achieved, extended 
operation  and  reduced  downtime,  and  improved  operational  costs  for  the  customer.  Enabling  these  new 
capabilities may contribute to enhanced operations through real-time decision making and increased life-cycle 
cost savings. 

Modular and scalable designs. Our PB3 and hybrid are designed with a modular ESS which allows us to tailor its 
configuration to specific application requirements, including expansion of energy storage capacity, potentially 
allowing for a more customized solution and potential cost savings for our customers. We believe that our power 
technology is scalable to higher power levels We have developed concepts for multiple PB3s to be installed in an 
array in order to achieve higher levels of aggregate power in remote areas where other power sources become cost
prohibitive, although to date we have not yet demonstrated a PB3 array. We believe that the modular design of 
our subsea battery enables clients to specify larger energy storage than would be possible with just buoys and 
have this placed at the seabed and near existing electric subsea equipment. 

Flexible electrical, mechanical and communication interfaces for sensors. The PB3 and hybrid can be equipped 
with payloads, either mounted on or within the PowerBuoy®, or tethered to the PowerBuoy®. The PowerBuoys® 
have mechanical and electrical interfaces which allow for simplified integration of payloads, creating flexibility 
for the end-user. Our subsea battery will have specific interfaces for simplified integration with our PowerBuoys® 
for electric power recharging, as well as for surface communications. Our PowerBuoys® will also have standard 
interfaces for subsea batteries of other providers for charging as well as multiple payloads. Flexible interfaces 
reduce cost through simplified integration and deployment. 

5 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
● 

● 

 ● 

● 

Zero carbon emission, environmentally benign and aesthetically non-intrusive system design. Our PB3 emits no 
carbon. We further believe that our PB3 does not present significant risks to marine life, nor does it emit significant 
levels of pollutants, and therefore has minimal environmental impact. We believe there is no significant audible 
impact  to  the  surrounding  environment.  We  believe  that  our  PB3  produces  renewable  electricity  through  the 
conversion of renewable ocean wave energy. 

Ocean  and  factory-tested  technology.  Our  PB3  is  designed  to  be  durable,  with  a  three-year  interval  between 
required maintenance activities. The PB3 has survived hurricanes, tropical storms and North Sea winter storms. 
The  PB3  has  been  successfully  deployed  for  Harbour  Energy,  Mitsui  Engineering  &  Shipbuilding  Co.,  Ltd 
(“MES”) and Eni. The MES PB3 performed well in a challenging shallow-water, high-current environment, and 
achieved its performance and duration objectives. The Eni PB3 was deployed in the Adriatic Sea for twenty-four 
months  and  has  generated  approximately  3.0  megawatt  hours  of  energy.  Further,  we  continue  to  focus  on 
standardizing manufacturing and production testing procedures and have work closely with our supply base to 
ensure production repeatability. 

 Efficient design in harnessing renewable energy. We have designed and validated our PB3 for maximized power 
generation in average ocean wave conditions through optimized mechanical to electrical wave energy conversion. 
We have designed the onboard ESS to provide several days of continuous rated power during periods of low or no 
wave activity, depending on payload power consumption. For locations with consistent periods of low or no wave 
activity, or for locations with short-term power requirements, our hybrid can generate power using solar panels 
and a liquid-fuel backup power generation system. 

Prior commercial relationships enabled the development of our technology. Our prior and existing relationships 
with the U.S. Navy, DOE, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, MES, Eni, Enel Green Power (“EGP”), and 
Harbour Energy have allowed us to further develop our solutions for a variety of needs in various industries. We 
believe these relationships have helped position us within the private sector for future commercial opportunities, 
which we believe enhances our market visibility and attractiveness to our prospective customers. We believe that 
our deployments with MES, Eni and Harbour Energy have provided commercial market credibility and allowed 
us to develop and market end-user solutions which we believe are valued in our principal markets. 

Market Opportunities 

The Company takes a rigorous approach to market evaluation. Utilizing publicly available and purchased data, 
we  evaluate  total  addressable  market  sizes.  We  apply  screening  criteria  to  narrow  our  focus  within  these  markets  and 
identify sub-segments and associated service addressable market sizes. These market evaluations are updated on an ongoing 
basis throughout the year and more formally twice annually in line with our financial calendar. In 2019 the DOE’s Water 
Power Technology Office (WPTO) released the report Powering the Blue Economy: Exploring Opportunities for Marine 
Renewable Energy in Maritime Markets. The report described eight non-grid applications where renewable marine energy 
could  provide  consistent,  reliable  power.  The  identified  marine  energy  applications  are  ocean  observation,  underwater 
vehicle charging, marine aquaculture, marine algae, seawater mining, seawater desalination, coastal resiliency and disaster 
recovery, and isolated communities. We have been focused on addressing the energy needs of many of these applications 
(e.g., ocean observation, underwater vehicle charging), and other offshore applications (e.g., maritime domain awareness, 
well-head monitoring and subsea equipment control). 

Offshore Oil and Gas 

We believe the offshore oil and gas industry is undergoing a significant transformation as it continues to invest in 
new  technologies  that  enable  carbon  reduction,  cost  savings  and  the  electrification  and  digitization  of  operations.  The 
industry encompasses more than 10,000 offshore sites, including exploration, production, reservoir management, and sites 
pending decommissioning based on information from organizations such as the U.S. Bureau of Safety and Environmental 
Enforcement (“BSEE”) and industry organizations and publications. We believe that we have opportunities to implement 
one or more PB3s at some of these sites to provide power in applications that are not currently possible, displace current 
power solutions, or augment existing technologies. This is partially driven by the growing demand for electrification. For 
example, according to a 2019 Rystads report, Norway is estimated to have 40% of its oil and gas production from electrified 
fields, as well as a growing desire for decarbonization and autonomous operations. Similarly, the market for remote and 
autonomous charging of subsea assets, such as ROVs and AUVs, is rapidly taking shape. Based on various reports, other 
applications  in  the  oil  and  gas  market  include  providing  power  to  unmanned  platforms  and  area  surveillance  during 
decommissioning  activities.  Although  estimates  vary  in  these  reports,  they  generally  point  towards  more  than  4,000 
platforms (and corresponding wells) that need to be decommissioned over the next 10 years across the globe. We see this 
market  materializing  primarily  in  the  North  Sea  and  regions  such  as  Brazil  and  Australia.  Furthermore,  there  is  an 
increasing market demand for providing interim power solutions for tie-backs where umbilicals are exhibiting failures. 

6 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Defense and Security 

We believe that our PB3 is uniquely positioned to be used to provide power and communications for multiple 
applications within the defense and security markets. The PB3’s ability to power multiple payloads may be an attractive 
feature for these markets, as their systems can be easily integrated into other PowerBuoy® applications allowing their 
operation  to  be  concealed.  An  example  application  for  domestic  and  international  defense  departments  and  defense 
contractors  includes  forward  deployed  energy  and  communications  outposts  (which  is  a  current  U.S.  Department  of 
Defense  program),  both  above  and  below  sea  surface,  as  indicated  in  the  completed  study  for  the  Naval  Postgraduate 
School. Other example of applications includes perimeter security, early detection and warning systems, remote sensing 
stations, high frequency radar, sonar, electro-optical and infrared sensors for maritime security, network communications 
systems, and unmanned underwater vehicle docking stations. 

IUU  fishing  has  become  a  global  issue  with  both  environmental  and  economic  consequences.  According  to  a 
report published in Sciences Advances by The University of British Columbia in February 2020, it is estimated the global 
economic impact from illegal fishing to be as high as $50 billion. Most exclusive economic zone monitoring is done by 
offshore patrol vessels (“OPV”), which is one of the fastest growing naval product markets with around 1,242 OPVs in 
service currently. We believe that our autonomous surveillance solution, which can be combined with satellite imagery, 
can deliver substantial economic impact to governments over incumbent solutions in securing remote fisheries and MPAs. 
In the USA specifically, IUU fishing is considered a major maritime threat by the Department of Homeland Security. 

Science and Research 

The  science  and  research  market  provides  environmental  intelligence  to  the  entire  ocean  enterprise,  which 
supports  ocean  measurement,  observation  and  forecasting,  and  is  an  important  provider  of  information  to  maritime 
commerce and the entire “blue economy.” Maritime commerce and the scientific community depend on information in 
areas such as meteorology, climate change, ocean currents, and biological processes to inform operations and development. 
These groups often require a power and communications solution in remote offshore locations. Additionally, the increased 
interest in protecting marine habitats offers opportunities to collaborate with governments and NGOs to monitor marine 
sanctuaries. The European Union’s Copernicus Program is estimated to have enabled € 190 million in revenues during 
2018 for ocean monitoring alone and this is expected to reach € 206 million in 2020 with an average growth rate of 4% 
annually. 

Offshore Wind and Other Markets 

We believe that opportunities also exist in other markets such as supporting offshore windfarm development and 
aquaculture. Based on an article in Wind Power Monthly in October 2019, the offshore wind fleet is forecast to grow 15-
fold by 2040 and move further offshore with Europe alone connecting over 500 turbines in 2019. Whilst these turbines 
develop  significant  power,  there  are  opportunities  pre-installation  of  the  turbines;  to  autonomously  collect  ocean  data 
during the early stages and monitoring of marine habitats during construction. To mitigate carbon emissions there are also 
opportunities to support ongoing survey work once windfarms are operational and to provide communication stations for 
aerial drones providing maintenance materials. Furthermore, the United States of America recently approved the permits 
for the first major utility scale offshore windfarm. Providing wave power solutions to utility scale renewable developments 
offers an attractive proposition to support renewable power and autonomous operations. We believe that our solutions can 
support aquaculture development with systems such as species escape tracking, effluent monitoring, and other water quality 
considerations. 

Business Strategy 

During fiscal 2021, we advanced our marketing programs, products, and solutions. We have made progress in 
transitioning  from  R&D  to  commercialization  and  we  intend  to  build  on  these  efforts  by  implementing  processes  and 
solutions  that  cover  the  entire  life  cycle,  from  demand  generation  to  close  of  contract,  and  from  channel  strategies  to 
customer care. 

Most  of  the  Company’s  opportunities  with  potential  customers  have  been  for  projects  in  Western  Europe, 
including the North Sea, as well as North America and Asia. Nearly two-thirds of these opportunities have progressed past 
initial feasibility and non-disclosure agreement stages to more detailed, confidential discussions around specific customer 
applications. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Many proposal requests are for projects where one of our PowerBuoy® products, either the PB3, the hybrid, or 
our subsea battery is part of a larger solution deployment, and typically include the potential lease or sale of one or more 
PowerBuoys®, as well as required services and maintenance support. A majority of hybrid inquiries are for shorter term 
deployments  in  calmer  waters.  Historically,  demonstration  projects  have  been  a  necessary  step  toward  broad  solution 
deployment and revenues associated with specific applications. A proposal phase typically lasts from three months to more 
than one year. During the demonstration project specification, negotiation and evaluation period, we are often subject to 
the  prospective  customer’s  vendor  qualification  process,  which  entails  substantial  due  diligence  of  our  company  and 
capabilities and may include negotiation of standard terms and conditions. Many proposals contain provisions which would 
mandate the sale or lease of our PowerBuoy® product upon successful conclusion of the demonstration project. 

We believe this is an accurate depiction of the overall sales cycle for new technology in each of our target markets, 
including our products and solutions. Cycle times for each step of the sales cycle will vary depending on several customer 
factors,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  technical  evaluation,  project  priorities,  project  funding  approval  process,  and 
alignment of new technology integration with the customer’s broader operational strategy. We believe that the resulting 
evidence  of  potential  demand,  vis-à-vis  specific  application  proposal  requests,  is  indicative  of  progress  in  our 
commercialization  strategy.  We  believe  that  we  have  the  potential  for  growth  as  a  result  of  our  positioning  for  higher 
volume production of our PowerBuoy® products and the initial indications of demand for our PowerBuoy® products in 
multiple customer applications. 

The Company is pursuing a long-term growth strategy to expand its market value proposition while building the Company’s 
revenue base. This strategy includes partnerships with leading companies in adjacent and complementary markets. We 
continue to commercialize our PowerBuoy® products for use in remote offshore power and real-time data communications 
applications, and in order to achieve this goal, we are pursuing the following business objectives: 

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Integrated turn-key solutions sales or leases incorporating our products and services. We believe our PB3 hybrid 
and  our  subsea  battery  solutions,  as  well  as  our  MDA  Solutions,  are  well  suited  to  enable  many  uncrewed, 
topside  and  subsea  surveillance  and 
autonomous  (non-grid  connected)  offshore  solutions,  such  as 
communications, subsea equipment monitoring, early warning systems platform and subsea power and buffering, 
and weather and climate data collection. We have investigated and realized market demand for some of these 
solutions and we intend to sell and lease our products to these markets as part of these broader integrated solutions. 
Additionally, we intend to provide services associated with our solution offerings such as paid engineering studies, 
value-added  engineering,  maintenance,  remote  monitoring  and  diagnostic,  application  engineering,  planning, 
training, project management, and marine and logistics support required for our solution life cycle. We continue 
to  increase  our  commercial  capabilities  through  new  hires  in  sales  and  application  support,  and  through 
engagement of expert market consultants in various geographies. 

Expand customer system solution offerings through new complimentary products that enable shorter and more 
cost-efficient  deployments.  The  hybrid  is  highly  complementary  to  the  PB3  by  providing  the  Company  the 
opportunity to address a broader spectrum of customer deployment needs, including low-wave environments, with 
the potential for greater system integration within each customer project. The hybrid is primarily intended for 
shorter term deployment applications such as eROV and AUV inspections and short-term maintenance, topside 
surveillance  and  communications,  and  subsea  equipment  and  controls.  The  Company  has  developed  a  subsea 
battery system that is complimentary to the Company’s PowerBuoy® products. The subsea battery system offers 
the possibility of creating a sea floor energy storage solution for remote offshore operations. These subsea battery 
systems contain lithium-ion batteries, which provide high power density to supply power to subsea equipment, 
sensors,  communications,  and  the recharging of  AUVs  and  eROVs. Ideal  for  many remote offshore  customer 
applications, these subsea battery systems are anticipated to be safe, high performance, cost-efficient, and quickly 
deployable. 

 Concentrate sales and marketing efforts in specific geographic markets. We are currently focusing our marketing 
efforts  globally.  We  believe  that  each  of  these  areas  has  demand  for  our  solutions,  sizable  end  market 
opportunities, political and economic stability, and high levels of industrialization and economic development. In 
fiscal 2021, we opened an office in Houston, Texas to further support our customers and strengthen our dialogue 
with our solution partners. 

Expand our relationships in key market areas through strategic partnerships and collaborations. We believe that
strategic partners are an important part of commercializing new products. Partnerships and collaborations can be 
used to improve the development of overall integrated solutions, create new market channels, expand commercial 
know-how  and  geographic  footprint,  and  bolster  our  product  delivery  capabilities.  We  have  formed  such  a 
relationship  with  several  well-known  groups,  and  we  continue  to  seek  other  opportunities  to  collaborate  with 
application experts from within our selected markets. These partnerships have helped us source services, such as 
installation expertise, and products, such as MDA enabling equipment, to meet our development and customer 
obligations. Following our acquisition of 3Dent, we have been actively pursuing additional opportunities to bring 
in-house skills, capabilities, and solutions that are complementary to our strategy and enable us to scale more 
quickly. 

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Outsourcing of fabrication, deployment and service support. In order to minimize our capital requirement as we 
scale our business, we intend to outsource all fabrication, anchoring, mooring, cabling supply, and in some cases 
deployment of our products and solutions. Our PTO is a proprietary subsystem that is assembled and tested at our 
facility.  We  believe  this  distributed  manufacturing  and  assembly  approach  enables  us  to  focus  on  our  core 
competencies  and  ensure  a  cost-effective  product  by  leveraging  a  larger  more  established  supply  base.  We 
continue to seek strategic partnerships with regard to servicing of our products and solutions. 

Cost reduction and PowerBuoy® solution development. Our engineering efforts are mainly focused on addressing 
customer solutions; product and solution sales; reducing production, installation, and product life-cycle costs; and 
improving the energy output, reliability, maintenance interval and expected operating life of our products. We 
continue to optimize manufacturability of our designs with a focus on cost competitiveness, and we believe we 
will be able to address new applications by developing new payloads and solutions that address customer needs. 

Through its 3Dent Technology subsidiary, the Company plans to expand its customer base and increase its revenue 
base,  by  providing  consulting  engineering  and  design  services  to  offshore  wind  developers,  offshore  construction 
companies, drilling contractors, major oil companies, service companies, and engineering firms. 

Marketing and Sales 

We continue to enhance our marketing capabilities across our target markets, and we are actively marketing our 
products  and  solutions.  We  currently  use  a  direct  sales  force  consisting  of  employees  and  industry  expert  consultants. 
Because our solutions use technology which is not yet fully adopted by our target markets, we expect that the customer 
decision process could require us to spend substantial time educating end-users and stakeholders, which may result in a 
lengthy sales cycle. 

In  the  past  year,  given  the  global  pandemic  COVID-19  restrictions,  many  conferences  and  trade  shows  were 
cancelled, rescheduled, or held virtually. OPT attended and presented at a number of these virtual conferences. Given the 
progress being made globally in reducing COVID through vaccines and other practices, we are starting to see in person 
conferences being scheduled for the second half of 2021. We have plans to attend and present at a few conferences and 
trade shows in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. 

We  market  our  products  and  solutions  to  companies  and  entities  requiring  remote  offshore  power  and  data 
services,  including  for  example,  offshore  oil  and  gas  companies.  We  also  see  opportunities  for  defense  and  security 
applications such as maritime domain awareness solutions that require autonomous offshore power and data gateways. 

Additionally, we seek to enter into strategic relationships to develop application solutions with commercial and 

military sensor and equipment manufacturers. 

Competition 

We expect to compete with other providers of in-ocean autonomous power sources, primarily consisting of subsea 
batteries, solar and fossil-fuel power sources, where many of the providers are substantially larger than OPT and may have 
access to greater financial resources. Incumbent sources of in-ocean power may also represent established and reliable 
power sources and may have already gained customer acceptance. Our ability to compete successfully for business from 
applications seeking in-ocean power will depend on (a) our ability to produce and store energy reliably and at a total cost 
that is competitive with or lower than that of other sources, and (b) the demonstrated reliability of our products and positive 
customer perception of our company. We also may have the opportunity to cooperate with other solution providers, such 
as other suppliers of subsea batteries where our PowerBuoys® could provide recharging capabilities or other providers of 
autonomous surface vessels where our PowerBuoys® could provide charging and enhanced communications capabilities. 

As of April 2021, there were over 400 companies, some with institutional funding, listed in the OpenEi Marine 
Renewable Energy (“MRE”) Database. The MRE database is developed and maintained by the National Renewable Energy 
Laboratories with support from DOE and other partners. Many of these companies are located in the U.K., continental 
Europe, Japan, Israel, the U.S. and Australia, and many of those companies are pursuing the utility, grid-connected energy 
market. The MRE industry continues to evolve as participants strive to differentiate themselves by promoting their specific 
technology focusing on cost and efficiency. The companies are subdivided by implementation: wave power, current power, 
tidal and ocean thermal energy conversion. Within wave power, the technologies are classified as point absorber, oscillating 
wave  column,  overtopping  device,  attenuator  and  oscillating  wave  surge  converter.  Our  PowerBuoy®  wave  energy 
converter is classified as a point absorber. 

9 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The vast majority of the companies in the DOE’s database are small, start-up type companies with a small number 
of employees and in early-stage development that do not have our in-ocean validation experience. Only a few of these 
companies have conducted testing similar to us, such as accelerated life testing and extensive wave tank testing on reduced 
scale models of their devices. We believe our in-ocean experience is critical towards proving the reliability, survivability 
and performance of any wave energy system, which we believe our future customers will require before adopting any wave 
generated energy solution. We believe our experience gained through full scale in-ocean deployments, coupled with other 
types of factory and laboratory testing, and our resulting understanding of risks and failure modes provides us with an 
advantage compared to potential wave energy competitors. 

Based  on  market  and  industry  observations,  we  believe  there  are  only  a  small  number  of  companies  that  are 
developing systems to compete in the offshore autonomous power market; however, their technologies are in earlier stage 
development with limited commercial deployments. Through our ongoing product development and building upon our 
years of commercial deployment data, we believe that we continue to maintain a first mover advantage in the smaller scale 
autonomous offshore power market. 

We  continuously  monitor  non-traditional  competitive  threats,  such  as  multi  domain  drones  and  artificial 
intelligence  tools  utilizing  satellite  data.  We  are  in  active  discussions  with  companies  in  these  markets  to  evaluate 
synergistic solution development where we believe there may be a demand for cooperative solutions. 

Commercial Activities 

We continue to seek new strategic relationships and further develop our existing  partnerships. We collaborate 
with companies that have developed or are developing in-ocean applications requiring a persistent source of power that is 
also capable of real time data collection, processing and communication, to address potential customer needs. The table 
below shows the percentage of the Company’s revenues derived from customers whose revenues accounted for at least 
10% of the Company’s consolidated revenues for at least one of the periods indicated: 

Customer 

   Twelve months ended April 30,   

 2021 

 2020 

Eni S.p.A. .....................................................................      
EGP ..............................................................................      
Other (no cutomer over 10%) ......................................      

22 %     
61 %     
17 %     
100 %     

10 % 
72 % 
18 % 
100 % 

In  order  to  achieve  success  in  commercializing  our  products,  we  must  expand  our  customer  base  and  obtain 
commercial contracts to lease or sell our solutions and services to customers. Our potential customer base for our solutions 
includes various public and private entities, and agencies that require remote offshore power. To date, substantially all of 
our revenue producing contracts have been with a small number of customers under contracts to fund a portion of the costs 
of our operational efforts to develop and improve our technology, validate our product through ocean and laboratory testing, 
and business development activities with potential commercial customers. Our goal in the future is that an increased portion 
of our revenues will be from the lease or sale of our products and related maintenance as well as consultative and other 
services. 

Current and Recent Customers 

● 

● 

● 

● 

In November 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with the OOC under which the Company will 
provide  engineering  and  technical  services  for  a  new  project  under  the  DeepStar  Global  Technology 
Consortium Program. 
In October 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with ACET to conduct a feasibility study for the 
evaluation of a PB3 power and 5G communications solution in support of the U.S. Navy Naval Postgraduate 
School’s SLAMR. 
In March 2020, Eni exercised their option from the March 2018 contract to extend their lease of the PB3 for 
an additional 18 months. The initial provision in March 2018 agreement provided for a minimum 24-month 
contract that included an 18-month PB3 lease and associated project management. In November 2020, Eni 
retrieved the PB3 and returned it to shore due to a mooring issue. 
In September 2019, we entered two contracts with subsidiaries of EGP, which included the sale of a PB3 and 
the  development  and  supply of  a  turn-key  integrated Open  Sea  Lab (“OSL”)  that was expected  to be  the 
Company’s  first  deployment  off  the  coast  of  Chile.  Due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  EGPdeclared  force 
majeure  in  April  2020  and  delayed  the  deployment.  In  March  2021,  the  Company  began  the  deployment 
process and placed the PB3 in the water. Additional deployment activities are planned in the summer of 2021. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
  
  
    
       
  
  
    
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
● 

● 

● 

In  April  2019,  we  entered  into  an  agreement  with  a  leading  oil  and  gas  operator  to  conduct  a  detailed 
feasibility study of using the Company’s technology to monitor subsea wells. 
In February 2019, we entered a contract with the U.S. Navy to carry out the first phase of a project to design 
and develop a buoy mooring system, which incorporates fiber optics for the transmission of subsea sensor 
data to airplanes, ships, and satellites. 
In June 2018, we entered into a contract with Harbour Energy for the lease of a PB3 to be deployed in one of 
Harbour Energy’s offshore fields in the North Sea. During its deployment, the PB3 provided unmanned EZM 
service. In early March 2020 the Company and Harbour Energy retrieved the PB3.  

Partnerships 

We believe that our solutions are best developed, sold, deployed, and maintained together with subject matter 
experts in their respective fields. This enables OPT to protect, maintain, and evolve our power platforms and integrate them 
with surface and subsea payloads. OPT has previously entered into partnerships focusing on including, but not limited to, 
deployment and installations, sourcing of surface payloads, and integration with autonomous vehicles. OPT is also entering 
into software and robotics partnerships to further develop the MDA solution offering. 

Furthermore, we are in active discussions with larger systems integrators to develop partnerships focusing on selling our 
platforms and solutions as part of larger projects. 

Backlog 

As of April 30, 2021, our backlog was $0.2 million compared to a backlog of $1.0 million as of April 30, 2020. 
Our backlog includes unfilled firm orders for our products and services from commercial or governmental customers. If 
any of our contracts were to be terminated, our backlog would be reduced by the expected value of the remaining terms of 
such contract. 

The  amount  of  contract  backlog  is  not  necessarily  indicative  of  future  revenue  because  modifications  to  or 
terminations of present contracts and production delays can provide additional revenue or reduce anticipated revenue. A 
substantial portion of our revenue is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method, and changes in estimates from 
time to time may have a significant effect on revenue and backlog. Our backlog is also typically subject to large variations 
from time to time due to the timing of new awards. 

Research and Development 

Larger Power 

We believe there is a near and longer-term demand for larger power for applications in several markets. The continued 
electrification of the seabed, together with the increased volume of sensors and vehicles available on the market, requires 
larger power devices in the <20kW range. 

We continue to innovate through our research and development efforts to bring to market devices with power ranges larger 
than the hybrid and including other wave energy converter platforms beyond our current offerings. In parallel, the Company 
is  investigating  larger  power  alternatives,  in  cooperation  with  design  and  installation  contractors,  and  other  technical 
resources. 

MDA-S 

Expanding on our experience with our own initial prototype MSS system, we intend development of the next 
generation MDA-S, which will combine radar, marine automatic identification system (“AIS”) and camera data with a 
custom developed command and control system to provide actionable information for our end users. We believe the sensor 
suite will be a combination of off-the-shelf components selected to optimize performance and cost. 

This system could be utilized as a standalone node or in an array, which we believe will provide near real-time 

information about the marine activity within a customer’s area of interest. 

PB3 PowerBuoy® 

We engaged our resources to improve PB3 efficiency, reliability and power output, and improve manufacturability 
while reducing cost and complexity. Our recent efforts have been focused on reducing the cost of our PB3 systems and 
their  deployment  costs  in  order  to  balance  customer  cost  with  our  solution  value  proposition.  We  continue  to  seek  to 
increase  the  capabilities  of  our  PB3  systems  by  designing  flexible  interfaces  and  rendering  them  sensor  and  payload 
agnostic. 

11 

 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intellectual Property 

We believe that our technology differentiates us from other providers of wave energy conversion technologies. 
As  a  result,  our  success  depends  in  part  on  our  ability  to  obtain  and  maintain  proprietary  protection  for  our  products, 
technology and know-how, to operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others, and to prevent others from 
infringing upon our proprietary rights. Our policy is to seek to protect our proprietary position by, among other methods, 
filing U.S. and foreign patent applications related to our proprietary technology, inventions and improvements that are 
important  to  the  development  of  our  business.  We  also  rely  on  trade  secrets,  know-how,  and  continuing  technological 
innovation and may rely on licensing opportunities to develop and maintain our proprietary position. 

As  of  April  2021,  we  have  been  issued  66  U.S.  patents,  of  which  41  are  active,  14  have  expired  and  9  were 
abandoned. Outside of the U.S., we have been issued 239 patents across 15 countries with 20 of the active U.S. patents 
having at least one corresponding issued foreign patent. We have filed one additional U.S. patent application since April 
29, 2020, and such patent application has four corresponding foreign patent applications at this time. Our patent portfolio 
includes patents and patent applications with claims directed to: 

   ● 
   ● 
   ● 
   ● 
   ● 

system design; 
control systems; 
power conversion; 
anchoring and mooring; and 
wave farm architecture. 

The expiration dates for our issued U.S. patents range from 2021 to 2039. We do not consider any single patent 
or patent application that we hold to be material to our business. The patent positions of companies like ours are generally 
uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. Our ability to maintain and solidify our proprietary position for 
our technology will depend on our success in continuing to obtain effective patent claims and enforcing those claims once 
granted. In addition, certain technologies that we developed with U.S. federal government funding are subject to certain 
government rights as described in “Risk Factors - Risks Related to Intellectual Property.” 

We use trademarks on nearly all our products and believe that having distinctive marks is an important factor in 
marketing our products. We have registered our PowerBuoy®, PB-Vue ®, PowerTower ®, Making Waves in Power ®, Talk 
on Water ® marks in the United States. Trademark ownership is generally of indefinite duration when marks are properly 
maintained in commercial use. 

Regulation 

Our PowerBuoys® are subject to regulation in the U.S. and in foreign jurisdictions concerning, among other areas, 
site approval and environmental approval and compliance. In order to encourage the adoption of offshore power solutions, 
many governments offer subsidies and other financial incentives and have mandated renewable energy targets, which some 
of our customers may be able to leverage. However, these subsidies, incentives and targets may not be applicable to our 
technology and therefore may not be available to our customers. 

The renewable energy industry has also been subject to increasing regulation. As the renewable energy industry 
continues to evolve and as the wave energy industry continues to evolve, we anticipate that wave energy technology and 
our  PowerBuoys®  and  their  deployment  will  be  subject  to  increased  oversight  and  regulation  in  accordance  with 
international, national and local regulations relating to safety, sites, and environmental protection. 

Site Approval. In the U.S., federal agencies regulate the siting of long-term renewable energy projects and related-
uses located on the outer continental shelf (“OCS”), which is generally more than three miles offshore. OCS projects longer 
than one-year in duration are regulated by the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (“BOEM”). For projects located 
within three miles of the U.S. shore regardless of duration, the adjacent state would be responsible for issuing a lease and 
other required authorizations for the location of the project. In either case, an assessment of the potential environmental 
impact of the project would be conducted in addition to other requirements. Generally, the same process applies to foreign 
sites where site approval is contingent on meeting both national and local regulatory and environmental requirements. In 
connection  with  issuing  permits  or  leases  enabling  project  use,  the  respective  government  agency  often  requires  site 
restoration or other activities at the conclusion of the permit or lease period. 

Environmental Approval, Compliance, and Health and Safety. We are subject to various foreign, federal, state 
and  local  environmental  protection  and  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  governing,  among  other  things:  the 
generation,  storage,  handling,  use  and  transportation  of  hazardous  materials;  the  emission  and  discharge  of  hazardous 
materials into the ground, air or water; and the health and safety of our employees. In addition, in the U.S., the construction 
and operation of PowerBuoys® offshore would require permits and approvals from the U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Army 
Corps of Engineers and other governmental authorities. These required permits and approvals evaluate, among other things, 
whether a project is in the public interest and ensure that the project would not create a hazard to navigation. Other foreign 
and international laws may require similar approvals. 

12 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidies  and Incentives.  Renewable  energy  subsidies  and  incentives  are  generally  applicable  only  to  electric 
generation and supply to the utility grid. However, our autonomous applications may permit a customer to reduce its carbon 
emissions, which our potential customers may be able to publicize in their environmental stewardship reports. 

Manufacturing 

We  engage  in  two  types  of  manufacturing  activities:  1)  the  manufacturing  of  the  high  value-added  PTO 
components for systems control, power generation and conversion, and energy storage for each PB3; and 2) contracting 
with outside companies for the fabrication of the buoy structure, mooring system, and cabling. 

Our core in-house manufacturing activity is the assembly, final systems integration and testing of the PTO and its 
components, which is conducted at our New Jersey facility. The power generation system consists of electro-mechanical 
components,  and  the  control  modules  include  the  critical  electrical  and  electronic  systems  that  convert  the  mechanical 
energy into usable electricity. The sensors and control systems use sophisticated technology to optimize the performance 
of the PB3 in response to changing operating conditions and payload power demand. We maintain a portfolio of patents, 
including those that cover our power generation, power conversion and control technologies. 

We  purchase  the  remaining  components  and  materials  for  each  PB3  from  various  vendors.  We  provide 
specifications to each vendor, and they are responsible for performing quality analysis and quality control over the course 
of construction, subject to our review of the quality and test procedure results. After the vendor completes the testing of 
the buoy structure, it is transported to our facility for final integration of the PTO. We do not believe that we are dependent 
on any single vendor for manufacturing the components of and materials for our PB3, and we believe that there are many 
available manufacturers for our component parts if a particular manufacturing partner should become unavailable or too 
expensive. However, we have only manufactured our PB3 in limited quantities for use in development and testing and have 
limited commercial manufacturing experience, and our work with our vendors has not included work on multiple orders 
on time-critical deadlines. Moreover, we do not have long-term contracts with our third-party manufacturers or vendors. 
In order to be successful in our efforts to commercialize our PB3, we will need to secure stable relationships with a variety 
of manufacturers and vendors that can supply component parts and materials for our PB3 products. 

Our  corporate  headquarters  and  manufacturing  operations  are  located  in  Monroe  Township,  New  Jersey.  Our 
facility offers approximately 56,000 square feet of manufacturing and office space. This facility allows for expansion of 
our manufacturing capabilities and a move toward higher volume production of our solutions. The Company also has a 
lease for office workspace located in Houston, Texas which is used by business development and sales personnel. The 
Company also has one lease for 2,046 square feet of office space, also located in Houston, Texas that was acquired as part 
of the 3Dent acquisition. We believe these offices are suitable, adequate and provide productive capacity for the Company. 

Human Capital 

The Company believes that its future success is dependent in part on its continued ability to attract, hire and retain 
qualified  personnel.  Therefore,  investing,  developing  and  maintaining  human  capital  is  critical  to  our  success.  The 
Company strives to provide its employees with a safe and healthy workplace. On April 30, 2021, the Company had 46 full-
time  employees  as  compared  to  36  at  April  30,  2020.  None  of  the  Company’s  employees  are  covered  by  collective 
bargaining agreements. The Company is an equal opportunity employer. It is the Company’s policy to recruit, hire, train 
and promote personnel in all job classifications, without regard to race, religion, color, national origin, sex or age. The 
Company is committed to inclusivity and diversity across its entire operation and fostering a culture where everyone feels 
empowered to do their best work. Cultivating a diverse and inclusive workplace helps us embrace different perspectives, 
talents and experiences. We believe achieving a culture of integrity and transparency starts with leadership and encourages 
every employee to work in support of the Company’s goals. Continuous employee engagement helps us understand our 
employees’ perspectives and identify areas for additional focus. 

The Company aims to ensure that its employees have a healthy and safe work environment, which include policies 
to guide our efforts. We take a proactive approach to the identification and control of environment, health and safety risks. 
We work to continuously improve our Health, Safety, and Environment (“HSE”) performance through methodologies that 
aim to prevent workplace injuries and illness and provide ongoing education to employees. On June 2, 2021, the Company 
achieved ISO 45001 certification for a 3-year term, expiring on June 1, 2024. Additionally, our safety focus was evident 
during our response to the coronavirus pandemic, where we implemented additional health and safety measures, including 
rigorous  cleaning  protocols  at  our  facility,  enhanced  sanitization,  social  distancing,  temperature  screenings,  cloth 
facemasks and hand sanitizers. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Environmental, Social and Governance 

The Company recognizes the importance of Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) as essential elements 
to  its  success  and  it  strives  to  deliver  innovative  products  and  solutions  while  working  with  high  integrity,  a  strong 
governance culture and respect for human rights. The Company believes that consideration of ESG matters is important to 
how  it,  and  its  solutions  and  services  affect  the  environments  and  societies  in  which  it  operates  around  the  world.  In 
addition, the Company consistently drives to meet its regulatory standards and requirements around HSE protection. The 
Company  also  views  itself  as  a  responsible  corporate  citizen  throughout  the  execution  of  its  operations,  which  is 
emphasized in its goal to provide zero-carbon and low-carbon power and data solutions for offshore industries, scientific 
research  and  territorial  security.  It  is  the  goal  that  all  Company  products  have  minimal  environmental  impact  when 
compared to other potential solutions. Lastly, the Company also has had a growing commitment to its local communities 
through volunteering and internship programs. The Company has volunteer days for its employees and provides internship 
opportunities to local college students, and in 2020, the Company fabricated and donated face shields for first responders 
and medical personnel throughout New Jersey. 

Available Information 

Our  annual  reports  on  Form  10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q,  current  reports  on  Form  8-K,  and  all 
amendments to those reports are made available free of charge through the Investor Relations section of the Company’s 
website  (www.oceanpowertechnologies.com)  as  soon  as  practicable  after  such  material  is  electronically  filed  with,  or 
furnished to, the SEC. Material contained on our website is not incorporated by reference in this report. Our executive 
offices are located at 28 Engelhard Drive, Suite B, Monroe Township, New Jersey, 08831, and our telephone number is 
(609) 730-0400. The information on our website is not a part of this Annual Report. Our common stock has been listed 
under the symbol “OPTT” on Nasdaq since April 24, 2007, and since July 2015, our common stock was listed on the 
Nasdaq Capital Market until June 2021, when the listing was transferred to the NYSE American. The public may also read 
and copy any materials that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) at the SEC’s Public Reference 
Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public 
Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports 
and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC located at http://www.sec.gov. 

Business Update Regarding COVID-19 

The COVID-19 pandemic presented substantial health and economic risks, uncertainties and challenges to our 
business, the global economy, and financial markets. In March 2020, one of the Company’s customers cancelled a portion 
of their contract due to the outbreak of COVID-19 and instead extended an existing lease. In April 2020, the Company 
declared force majeure on a contract with a different customer and delayed the deployment of its PB3 PowerBouy® in 
Chile. For additional information on various uncertainties and risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, see Part I, Item 1A 
“Risk Factors” of this report. 

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Government passed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security 
Act, or the (“CARES Act”). On May 3, 2020, the Company signed a Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan with 
Santander Bank, N.A. (“Santander”) as the lender for $890,347 in support through the Small Business Association (“SBA”) 
under the PPP loan. The PPP loan is unsecured and evidenced by a note in favor of Santander as the lender and governed 
by a Loan Agreement with Santander. The interest rate is 1% and the loan is repayable over two years. The loan contains 
customary events of defaults relating to, among other things, payment defaults or breaches of the terms of the loan. Upon 
the occurrence of an event of default, the lender may require immediate repayment of all outstanding amounts under the 
loan. Interest and principal payments are deferred for the first 6 months from the date of the loan. Principal and interest are 
payable monthly commencing 6 months after the disbursement date and may be repaid by the Company at any time prior 
to maturity with no prepayment penalties. The Company received the proceeds on May 5, 2020. 

The Company filed its loan forgiveness application at the end of February 2021 asking for 100% forgiveness of 

the loan. In June 2021, the Company was informed that its application was approved, and the loan is now fully forgiven. 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 

You  should  carefully  consider  the  following  risk  factors  together with  the  other  information  contained  in  this 
Annual Report, and in prior periodic and current reports. If any of the following risks actually occur, they may materially 
harm our business and our financial condition and results of operations. In this event, the market price of our common 
stock could decline, and your investment could be lost. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Our Financial Condition 

We have a history of operating losses and may not achieve or maintain profitability and positive cash flow. 

We have incurred net losses since we began operations in 1994, including net losses of $14.7 million and $10.4 
million in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of April 30, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $234.8 million. To 
date, our activities have consisted primarily of activities related to the development and testing of our technologies and 
commercializing our products and solutions. Thus, our losses to date have resulted primarily from costs incurred in our 
research and development programs and from our selling, general and administrative costs. As we continue to develop our 
proprietary technologies, we expect to continue to have a net loss and use of cash from operating activities unless or until 
we achieve positive cash flow from the commercialization of our products and services. 

We do not know whether we will be able to successfully commercialize our products or whether we can achieve 
profitability. There is significant uncertainty about our ability to successfully commercialize our products in our targeted 
markets. Even if we do achieve commercialization of our products and solutions and become profitable, we may not be 
able to achieve or, if achieved, sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. 

Our  financial  results  may  fluctuate  from  quarter  to  quarter,  which  may  make  it  difficult  to  predict  our  future 
performance. 

Our financial results may fluctuate as a result of several factors, many of which are outside of our control. For 
these reasons, comparing  our  financial results  on  a period-to-period basis  may not be meaningful,  and our  past  results 
should not be relied on as an indication of our future performance. Our future quarterly and annual expenses as a percentage 
of our revenues may be significantly different from those we have recorded in the past or which we expect for the future. 
Our financial results in some quarters may fall below expectations. Any of these events could cause our stock price to fall. 
Each  of  the  risk factors  listed in  this  “Risk Factors”  section,  including  the  following factors,  may adversely  affect our 
business, financial condition and results of operations: 

   ● 

   ● 
   ● 

   ● 

   ●  

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

delays in permitting or acquiring necessary regulatory consents; 

delays in the timing of contract awards and determinations of work scope; 
delays in funding for or deployment of wave energy projects; 

the impact of COVID-19 on our customers and contracts; 

changes in cost estimates relating to wave energy project completion, which under percentage-of-completion 
accounting  principles  could  lead  to  significant  fluctuations  in  revenue  or  to  changes  in  the  timing  of  our 
recognition of revenue from those projects; 

our inability to successfully develop and market new products; 

delays in meeting, or the failure to meet, specified contractual milestones or other performance criteria under 
project contracts or in completing project contracts that could delay or prevent the recognition of revenue that 
would otherwise be earned; 

decisions made by parties with whom we have commercial relationships not to proceed with anticipated projects; 

increases in the length of our sales cycle; and 

inherent uncertainties in our manufacturing processes. 

Currency  translation  and  transaction  risk  may  adversely  affect  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations. 

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, and sometimes we incur costs in the local currency of countries in which 
our customers and suppliers are located. As a result, we are subject to currency translation risk. A large percentage of our 
revenues have historically been generated outside the United States and can be denominated in foreign currencies of our 
customers. Changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar could affect our revenues and cost of 
revenues and could result in exchange losses. We cannot accurately predict the impact of future exchange rate fluctuations 
on our results of operations. Currently, we do not engage in any exchange rate hedging activities and, as a result, any 
volatility  in  currency  exchange  rates  may  have  an  immediate  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  results of  operations  and 
financial condition. 

15 

 
  
 
 
 
 
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
 
 
We may not be able to raise sufficient capital to continue to operate our business. 

Historically, we have funded our business operations through sales of equity securities. While we have raised 
approximately  $83.4  million  since  April  30,  2021,  and  believe  that  this  is  sufficient  to  fund  our  operations  for  the 
foreseeable  future, we do not know whether we will  be  able  to  secure  additional funding if  needed  in  the future or,  if 
secured, whether the terms will be favorable to us or our investors. Our ability to obtain additional funding will be subject 
to several factors, including market conditions, our operating performance, litigation and investor sentiment. These factors 
may make additional funding unavailability, or the timing, dollar amount, and terms and conditions of additional funding 
unattractive. 

If we issue additional securities to raise capital, our existing stockholders could experience dilution or may be 
subordinated to any rights, preferences or privileges granted to the new security holders. In particular, any new securities 
issued could have rights senior to those associated with our common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict 
our  operations.  Should  the  financing  we  require  to  sustain  our  working  capital  needs  be  unavailable  or  prohibitively 
expensive when we require it, our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects could be materially and 
adversely affected. 

COVID-19 could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operation. 

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused significant disruption in the financial markets both globally and in the U.S., 
as well as increased travel restrictions and disruption and shutdown of certain businesses in the U.S. and abroad, including 
disruptions  to  our  own  business.  Although  COVID  is  no  longer  having  a  significant  impact  on  our  business,  we  may 
continue to experience impacts from changes in customer behavior. Our business is dependent upon the willingness and 
ability  of  our customers  to  conduct  transactions,  as  well as  the  ability of  customers  to  meet  existing  payment or other 
obligations. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our results will ultimately depend on future developments and will 
include future actions which may be taken by governments and private businesses to attempt to contain COVID-19. 

Risks Related To Growth Of Our Business 

We depend on a limited number of customers for substantially all of our revenues. The loss of, or a significant reduction 
in revenues from, any of these customers could significantly reduce our revenues and harm our operating results. 

Historically, a small number of customers have provided substantially all of our revenues, and we expect that such 
concentration will continue for the foreseeable future. In fiscal 2021, revenue from commercial contracts accounted for 
100% of our revenues and governmental contracts accounted for 0%. In fiscal 2020, revenues from commercial contacts 
accounted for 94%  of our revenues  and governmental contracts  accounted  for  6%.  Because we  currently have  a  small 
number of customers and contracts, problems with a single contract would adversely affect our business, financial condition 
and results of operations. 

A customer’s payment default, or the loss of a customer as a result of competition, creditworthiness, our failure 
to perform, our inability to negotiate extensions or replacements of contracts, or otherwise, would adversely affect our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in our efforts to 
secure additional commercial customers, or additional revenue-generating contracts. 

Wave energy technology may not gain broad commercial acceptance and, therefore, our  revenues may not increase, 
and we may be unable to achieve and, even if achieved, sustain profitability. 

Wave  energy  technology  may  not  gain  commercial  acceptance,  and  the  extent  to  which  wave  energy  power 
generation will be commercially viable is uncertain. Many factors may affect the commercial acceptance of wave energy 
technology, including the following: 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

performance, reliability and cost-effectiveness of wave energy technology compared to conventional sources 
and products; 

fluctuations in economic and market conditions, such as increases or decreases in the prices of oil and other 
fossil fuels; 

the development of new and profitable applications requiring the type of remote electric power provided by our 
autonomous wave energy systems. 

If  wave  energy  technology  does  not  gain  broad  commercial  acceptance,  it  is  unlikely  that  we  will  be  able  to 
commercialize our solutions and power generating platform services and our business will be materially harmed, in which 
case, we may curtail or cease operations. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
If sufficient demand for our solutions and power generating platform services or new products does not develop or takes 
longer to develop than we anticipate, our revenue generation will be limited, and it is unlikely that we will be able to 
achieve and, if achieved, then sustain profitability. 

Even if wave energy technology achieves broad commercial acceptance, our PowerBuoys® may not prove to be 
a commercially viable technology for generating electricity from ocean waves. We have invested a significant portion of 
our time and financial resources since our inception in the development of our PowerBuoys® but have not yet achieved 
successful commercialization of our PowerBuoys. As we seek to manufacture, market, sell and deploy our PowerBuoys® 
in greater quantities, we may encounter unforeseen hurdles that would limit the commercial viability of our PowerBuoys®, 
including unanticipated manufacturing, deployment, operating, maintenance and other costs. Our target customers and we 
may also encounter technical obstacles to deploying, operating and maintaining PowerBuoys®. 

If demand for our PowerBuoys® or new products fails to develop sufficiently, it is unlikely that we will be able 
to  grow  our  business  or  generate  sufficient  revenues  to  achieve  and  then  sustain  profitability.  In  addition,  demand  for 
PowerBuoys® in our presently targeted markets, including parts of North and South America, Europe and Asia, may not 
develop or may develop to a lesser extent than we anticipate. 

If we are not successful in commercializing our PowerBuoy® or new products, or are significantly delayed in 

doing so, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected. 

If we are unable to attract and retain management and other qualified personnel, we may not be able to achieve our 
business objectives. 

Our  success  depends  on  the  skills,  experience  and  efforts  of  our  senior  management  and  other  key  product 
development, manufacturing, and sales and marketing  employees. We cannot be certain that we will be able to attract, 
retain and motivate such employees. The loss of the services of one or more of these employees could have a material 
adverse  effect  on  our  business.  There  is  a  risk  that  we  will  not  be  able  to  retain  or  replace  these  key  employees. 
Implementation of our business plans will be highly dependent upon our ability to hire and retain senior executives as well 
as talented staff in various fields of expertise. 

Changes in senior management are inherently disruptive, and efforts to implement any new strategic or operating 
goals may not succeed in the absence of a long-term management team. Changes to strategic or operating goals with the 
appointment  of  new  executives  may  themselves  prove  to  be  disruptive.  Periods  of  transition  in  senior  management 
leadership are often difficult as new executives gain detailed knowledge of our operations, b because of cultural differences, 
that may result from changes in strategy and style. Without consistent and experienced leadership, customers, employees, 
creditors, stockholders and others may lose confidence in us. 

To  be  successful,  we  need  to  retain  key  personnel.  Qualified  individuals,  including  engineers  and  project 
managers, are in high demand, and we may incur significant costs to attract and retain them. With the exception of our 
President and Chief Executive Officer, all of our employees are at-will employees, which means they can terminate their 
employment relationship with us at any time, and their knowledge of our business and industry would be difficult to replace. 
If we lose the services of key personnel, or do not hire or retain other personnel for key positions, our business, results of 
operations and stock price could be adversely affected. 

If we are unable to effectively manage our growth, this could adversely affect our business and operations. 

The scope of our operations to date has been limited, and we do not have experience operating on the scale that 
we  believe  may  be  necessary  to  achieve  profitable  operations.  Our  current  personnel,  facilities,  systems  and  internal 
procedures and controls may not be adequate to support future growth. This factor, when combined with the technical 
complexity  of  some  of  our  development  efforts,  may  result  in  our  inability  to  meet  certain  customer  expectations  or 
deadlines  and  could  result  in  the  amendment  to,  or  termination  of,  customer  contracts  or  relationships.  To  realize  our 
desired growth, we may need to add sales, marketing and engineering offices in our existing and/or additional locations 
nationally or internationally, which may result in additional organizational complexity. 

To manage the expansion of our operations, we may be required to improve our operational and financial systems, 
procedures and controls, increase our manufacturing capacity and throughput and expand, train and manage our employee 
base, which may need to increase significantly if we are to be able to fulfill our current manufacturing and growth plans. 
Our management may also be required to maintain and expand our relationships with customers, suppliers and other third 
parties, as well  as  attract  new  customers  and  suppliers.  If we do  not meet  these  challenges, we may  be unable  to  take 
advantage of market opportunities, execute our business strategies or respond to competitive pressures. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If  we  are  unable  to  successfully  negotiate  and  enter  into  service  contracts  with  our  customers  on  terms  that  are 
acceptable to us, our ability to diversify our revenue stream will be impaired. 

An important element of our business strategy is to enter into service contracts with our customers under which 
we would be paid fees for services related to the maintenance and operation of our products purchased from us. In addition, 
we may offer to lease our products, sell power generated by our products or sell data gathered by sensors on our products. 
Even if customers purchase or lease our products, they may not enter into service contracts with us. We may not be able to 
negotiate  service  or  other  contracts  that  provide  us  with  any  additional  profit  opportunities.  Even  if  we  successfully 
negotiate and enter into such service contracts, our customers may terminate them prematurely or they may not be profitable 
for a variety of reasons, including the presence of unforeseen hurdles or costs. In addition, if we were unable to perform 
adequately under such service contracts, our efforts to successfully market our products could be impaired. Any one of 
these outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Since our products and solutions can only be deployed in certain geographic locations, our ability to grow our business 
could be adversely affected. 

Our products and solutions are designed for use offshore, but not all offshore areas worldwide have appropriate 
natural resources for our products to harness wave energy. Seasonal and local variations, water depth and the effect of 
particular locations of islands and other geographical features may limit our ability to deploy our products in certain coastal 
areas. If we are unable to identify and deploy products at sufficient sites with appropriate natural resources to permit our 
products to capture wave energy, our ability to grow our business could be adversely affected. 

Failure by third parties to supply or manufacture components of our products or to deploy our systems timely or properly 
could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We have been and expect to continue to be highly dependent on third parties to supply or manufacture components 
for our products. If, for any reason, our third-party manufacturers or vendors are not willing or able to provide us with 
components or supplies in a timely fashion, or at all, our ability to manufacture and sell many of our products could be 
impaired. 

We do not have long-term contracts with our third-party manufacturers or vendors. If we do not develop ongoing 
relationships  with  vendors  located  in  different  regions,  we  may  not  be  successful  at  controlling  unit  costs  as  our 
manufacturing volume increases. We may not be able to negotiate new arrangements with these third parties on acceptable 
terms, or at all. 

In addition, we rely on third parties, under our oversight, for the deployment and mooring for products. We have 
utilized several different deployment methods, including towing our products to the deployment location and transporting 
our products to the deployment location by barge or ocean workboat. If  these third parties do not properly deploy our 
systems, cannot effectively deploy the products on a large, commercial scale, or otherwise do not perform adequately, or 
if we fail to recruit and retain third parties to deploy our systems in particular geographic areas, our business, financial 
condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Our targeted markets are highly competitive. We compete against incumbent solutions already being utilized by our 
customers and potential customers. If we are unable to compete effectively, we may be unable to increase our revenues 
and achieve or maintain profitability. 

Our  principal  targeted  markets  include  offshore  oil  and  gas,  defense  and  security,  science  and  research  and 
offshore  wind.  In  our  targeted  markets,  which  are  highly  competitive,  we  compete  against  incumbent  power  solutions 
already being utilized by our customers and potential customers. If we are unable to demonstrate to our customers and our 
potential customers that our products are cost competitive to their existing alternative power solutions, or if it takes us 
longer to do so than we anticipate, we may be unable to expand our business, maintain our competitive position, satisfy 
our contractual obligations, continue to commercialize our products, or become profitable. In addition, if the cost associated 
with these development efforts exceeds our projections, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. 

In addition, competition may arise from other companies manufacturing similar products, developing different 
products that produce energy more efficiently than our products, or making improvements to traditional energy-producing 
methods  or  technologies,  any  of  which  could  make  our  products  less  attractive  or  render  them  obsolete.  If  we  are  not 
successful in manufacturing systems that generate competitively priced power to the capacity required for the application, 
we  may  not  be  able  to  respond  effectively  to  competitive  pressures  from  other  renewable  energy  technologies  or 
improvements to existing technologies. 

If we are unable to respond effectively to such competitive forces, our business, financial condition and results of 
operations  could be  adversely  affected.  Our  targeted  markets  are subject to  their  own  inherent  risks, and  if  those  risks 
should materialize, then our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  market  and  plan  to  market  our  products  in  multiple  international  markets.  If  we  are  unable  to  manage  our 
international  operations  effectively,  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be  adversely 
affected. 

We  market  and  plan  to  market  our  products  in  multiple  global  regions,  including  parts  of  North  and  South 
America, Europe, and Asia, and we are therefore subject to risks associated with having international operations. Revenues 
from  customers  who  are  based  outside  of  the  U.S.  accounted  for  86%  of  our  revenues  in  fiscal  2021  and  94%  of  our 
revenues in fiscal 2020. Risks inherent in international operations include, but are not limited to, the following: 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

changes in general economic and political conditions in the countries in which we operate; 

unexpected  adverse  changes  in  foreign  laws  or  regulatory  requirements,  including  those  with  respect  to 
renewable energy, environmental protection, permitting, export duties and quotas; 
trade  barriers  such  as  export  requirements,  tariffs,  taxes  and  other  restrictions  and  expenses,  which  could 
increase the prices of our products and make us less competitive in some countries; 

fluctuations in exchange rates may affect demand for our products and may adversely affect our profitability in 
U.S. dollars to the extent the price of our products and cost of raw materials and labor are denominated in a 
foreign currency; 
difficulty with staffing and managing widespread operations; 

complexity of, and costs relating to compliance with, the different commercial and legal requirements of the 
overseas markets in which we offer and sell our products; 

inability to obtain, maintain or enforce intellectual property rights; and 

difficulty in enforcing agreements in foreign legal systems. 

Our business in foreign markets requires us to respond to rapid changes in market conditions in these countries. 
Our overall success as a global business depends, in part, on our ability to succeed in differing legal, regulatory, economic, 
social and political conditions. We may not be able to develop and implement policies and strategies that will be effective 
in each location where we do business, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results 
of operations. The current economic environment, particularly the macroeconomic pressures in certain European countries, 
may increase these risks. 

We anticipate that our contracts with our customers will generally include cancellation for convenience clauses that 
permit our customers to terminate the contract for their convenience; if a customer were to terminate its contract with 
us for convenience, this could materially adversely affect our business. 

We anticipate that our contracts with our customers will be structured as capital equipment contracts or capital 
equipment leases, and could include a cancellation for convenience clause, which we believe is relatively standard in these 
types of contracts. Cancellation for convenience clauses allow the customer to cancel the contract or lease at their option 
without cause prior to defined points in time, generally subject to a reasonable notice period. If any of our current or future 
customers were to cancel their contracts with us for convenience, such cancellation could adversely affect our business. 

Cyber-security breaches of our systems and information technology could adversely impact our ability to operate. 

We  utilize,  develop,  install  and  maintain  a  number  of  information  technology  systems.  Various  privacy  and 
security laws require us to protect sensitive and confidential information from disclosure. In addition, we are bound by our 
customers and other contracts, as well as our own business practices, to protect confidential and proprietary information 
(whether it be ours or a third party’s information entrusted to us) from disclosure. Our computer systems, as well as those 
of  our  customers,  contractors  and  other  vendors,  face  the  threat  of  unauthorized  access,  computer  hackers,  viruses, 
malicious  code,  cyber-attacks,  phishing  and  other  security  incursions  and  system  disruptions,  including  attempts  to 
improperly access our confidential and proprietary information, as well as the confidential and proprietary information of 
our  customers  and  other  business  partners.  Industry-accepted  security  measures  and  technology  to  secure  computer 
systems, and the information stored by cloud vendors on these systems are subject to threats. There can be no assurance 
that our efforts will prevent these threats. Further, as these security threats continue to evolve, we may be required to devote 
additional resources to protect, prevent, detect and respond against such threats. A party who circumvents our security 
measures,  or  those  of  our  customers,  contractors  or  other  vendors,  could  misappropriate  confidential  or  proprietary 
information, improperly manipulate data, or cause damage or interruptions to systems. Any of these events could damage 
our reputation, result in litigation and regulatory fines and penalties, or have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. 

19 

 
 
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Product Development and Commercialization 

We have only manufactured a limited number of PowerBuoys,® and to date we have not produced PowerBuoys® in 
any significant quantity for commercial production. Our PowerBuoys® may not have a sufficient operating history to 
confirm how they will perform over their estimated useful life. 

To  date,  we  have  only  manufactured  a  limited  number  of  PowerBuoys®  for  use  in  ocean  testing  and 
commercialization. As a result, our PowerBuoys® may not have a sufficient operating history to confirm how they will 
perform over their estimated useful life. Our technology may not yet have demonstrated that our engineering and test results 
can  be  duplicated  in  volume  or  in  commercial  production.  If  our  PowerBuoy®  is  ultimately  proven  ineffective  or 
unfeasible, we may not be able to expand the commercial production of our PowerBuoys® or we may become liable to our 
customers for quantities we are obligated but are unable to produce. If our PowerBuoys® perform below expectations, we 
could  lose  customers  and  face  substantial  repair  and  replacement  expenses  which  could  in  turn  adversely  affect  our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We face numerous accident and safety risks and hazards, including extreme environmental hazards, which are inherent 
in offshore operations. 

Portions  of  our  operations  are  subject  to  hazards  and  risks  inherent  in  the  building,  testing,  deploying  and 
maintenance of our products. These hazards and risks could result in personal injuries, loss of life, liberation of a product 
from its mooring due to extreme environmental conditions and damage caused by its drifting, and other damages which 
may  include  damage  to  our  properties,  including  our  products,  and  the  properties  of  others  and  other  consequential 
damages,  and  could  lead  to  the  suspension  of  certain  of  our  operations,  large  damage  claims,  damage  to  our  safety 
reputation and a loss of business. Some of these risks may be uninsurable and some claims may exceed our insurance 
coverage.  Therefore,  the occurrence of  a  significant  accident  or other  risk  event or  hazard  that  is not fully covered by 
insurance could materially and adversely affect our business and financial results and, even if fully covered by insurance, 
could materially and adversely affect our business due to the impact on our reputation for safety. 

Our  relationships  with  our  strategic  partners  may  not  be  successful,  and  we  may  not  be  successful  in  establishing 
additional relationships, either of which could adversely affect our ability to commercialize our products and services. 

An important element of our business strategy is to enter into application development agreements and strategic 
alliances with companies committed to providing products and services which require in-ocean energy sources. Generally, 
these  types  of  relationships  obligate  us  to  provide  certain  services  or  perform  certain  tasks  in  connection  with  the 
relationship  with  the  alliance  partner,  and  we  are  generally  responsible  for  paying  the  costs  we  incur  relating  to  such 
services or tasks. These relationships generally are not expected to provide us with any revenues or sources of financing. 
If we are unable to reach agreements with additional suitable alliance partners, we may fail to meet our business objectives 
for the commercialization of our products. We may face significant competition in seeking appropriate alliance partners. 
Moreover,  these  development  agreements  and  strategic  alliances  are  complex  to  negotiate  and  time  consuming  to 
document.  We  may  not  be  successful  in  our  efforts  to  establish  additional  strategic  relationships  or  other  alternative 
arrangements.  The  terms  of  any  additional  strategic  relationships  or  other  arrangements  that  we  establish  may  not  be 
favorable to us. Furthermore, even if we are able to find, negotiate and enter these relationships, such arrangements may 
be  conditional  upon  our  receipt  of  additional  funding.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  receive  such  additional 
funding. In addition, strategic relationships may not be successful, and we may be unable to sell and market our products 
to these companies, their affiliates and customers in the future, or growth opportunities may not materialize. Any of which 
could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We have limited manufacturing experience. If we are unable to increase our manufacturing capacity in a cost-effective 
manner, our business will be materially harmed. 

We plan to manufacture key components of our products, including the PTO advanced control and generation 
systems, while outsourcing the manufacturing for other components of our products. However, we have only manufactured 
our  products  in  limited  quantities  for  use  in  development  and  testing  and  have  limited  commercial  manufacturing 
experience, and our work with our vendors has not included work on multiple orders on time-critical deadlines. Our future 
success depends on our ability to significantly increase both our manufacturing capacity and production throughput in a 
cost-effective and efficient manner, and to manage multiple vendors with several orders on specific deadlines. In order to 
meet our growth objectives, we will need to increase our engineering, contract management, and manufacturing staff. There 
is intense competition for hiring qualified technical and engineering personnel. Therefore, we may not be able to hire a 
sufficient number of qualified personnel to allow us to meet our growth objectives. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We may be unable to develop efficient, low-cost manufacturing capabilities and processes that enable us to meet 
the  quality,  price,  engineering,  design  and  production  standards  or  production  volumes  necessary  to  successfully 
commercialize  our  products.  If  we  cannot  do  so,  we  may  be  unable  to  expand  our  business,  satisfy  our  contractual 
obligations or become profitable. Even if we are successful in developing our manufacturing capabilities and processes, 
we may not be able to do so in time to meet our commercialization schedule or satisfy the requirements of our customers. 

Problems with the quality or performance of our products would adversely affect our business, financial condition and 
results of operations. 

Our agreements with customers will generally include guarantees with respect to the quality and performance of 
our  products.  Because  of  the  limited  operating  history  of  our  products,  we  have  been  required  to  make  analytical 
assumptions regarding the durability, reliability and performance of the systems, and we may not be able to predict whether 
and  to  what  extent  we  may  be  required  to  perform  under  the  guarantees  that  we  expect  to  give  our  customers.  Our 
assumptions  could  prove  to  be  materially  different  from  the  actual  performance  of  our  products,  causing  us  to  incur 
substantial expense to repair or replace defective systems in the future. We will bear the risk of claims long after we have 
sold our products and recognized revenue. Moreover, any widespread product failures could adversely affect our business, 
financial condition and results of operations. 

We have not yet deployed a wave power array of two or more PowerBuoys® in a single geographic location. If we are 
unable to successfully deploy a multiple-system wave power array, our capability to generate revenues may be limited, 
and we may be unable to achieve and then maintain profitability. 

We have not yet deployed a wave power array of two or more PowerBuoys®. Whether we are able to do so is 
contingent upon, among other things, our ability to manufacture and produce multiple PowerBuoys® in a short period of 
time, receipt of required governmental permits, obtaining adequate financing, successful array design and implementation 
and, finally, successful deployment and connection of the PowerBuoys®. 

We have not yet conducted ocean testing or otherwise installed in the ocean a multiple-system wave power array. 
In  particular,  unlike  single-system  wave  power  arrays,  multiple-system  wave  power  arrays  may  require  the  use  of  an 
underwater  substation  to  connect  the  power  transmission  cables  from,  and  collect  the  electricity  generated  by,  each 
PowerBuoy® in the array. We have not yet deployed an underwater substation connected to multiple PowerBuoys®. In 
addition,  unanticipated  issues  may  arise  with  the  logistics  and  mechanics  of  deploying  and  maintaining  multiple 
PowerBuoys® at a single site and the additional equipment associated with these multiple system wave power arrays. 

The development and deployment of an array of PowerBuoys® could require us to incur significant expenses for 
preliminary engineering, permitting and other expenses before we can determine whether a project is feasible, economically 
attractive or capable of being financed. We may be unsuccessful in accomplishing any of these tasks or doing so on a 
timely basis. 

Our  future  success  in our  selected  markets  depends  in part on our ability  to  achieve  cost savings over  existing and 
incumbent solutions. If we are unable to achieve cost savings relating to our products, the commercial prospects for our 
products may be adversely affected. 

Our goal is to commercialize our products. Our success in meeting this objective depends, in part, on our ability 
to provide energy, data, and consulting services to our prospective customers at a cost savings over existing and incumbent 
autonomous  offshore  solutions  already  being  utilized  by  our  customers  and  potential  customers.  If  we  are  unable  to 
demonstrate to our prospective customers that our products are cost competitive with existing alternative solutions, or if it 
takes us longer to do so than we anticipate, we may be unable to continue our business, achieve commercialization of our 
services, achieve a competitive position, satisfy our contractual obligations, or become profitable. In addition, if the costs 
associated with these development efforts exceed our projections, our results of operations will be materially and adversely 
affected. 

We must continually improve existing products, design and sell new products, and invest in research and development 
in order to compete effectively. 

The markets for our products are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards and 
continuous improvements in products. Due to constant changes in our markets, future success depends on our ability to 
develop new technologies, products, processes and product applications. New product development and commercialization 
efforts, including efforts to enter markets or product categories in which we have limited or no prior experience, have 
inherent risks. These risks include the costs involved, such as development and commercialization, product development 
or launch delays, and the failure of new products and line extensions to achieve anticipated levels of market acceptance or 
growth in sales or operating income. We also face the risk that our competitors will introduce innovative new products that 
compete with our products. If new product development and commercialization efforts are not successful, our financial 
results could be adversely affected. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product  and  technological  developments  are  accomplished  primarily  through  internally  funded  R&D  projects. 
Because it is not generally possible to predict the amount of time required and costs involved in achieving certain R&D 
objectives, actual development costs may exceed anticipated amounts and estimated product development schedules may 
be extended. Our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected if: 

● 

● 

● 

● 

Product improvements are not completed on a timely basis; 

New products are not introduced on a timely basis or do not achieve sufficient market penetration; 

There are cost overruns or delays in R&D efforts; or 

New  products  experience  reliability  or  quality  problems,  or  otherwise  do  not  meet  customer  preferences  or 
requirements. 

Risks Related to Intellectual Property 

If  we  are  unable  to  obtain  or  maintain  intellectual  property  rights  relating  to  our  technology  and  products,  the 
commercial value of our technology and products may be adversely affected, which could in turn adversely affect our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Our success and ability to compete depends in part upon our ability to obtain protection in the U.S. and other 
countries for our products by establishing and maintaining intellectual property rights relating to or incorporated into our 
technology and products. We own a variety of patents and patent applications in the U.S. and corresponding patents and 
patent applications in several foreign jurisdictions. However, we have not obtained patent protection in each market in 
which we plan to compete. In addition, we do not know how successful we would be should we choose to assert our patents 
against  suspected  infringement,  and  we  do  not  know  what  the  cost  to  do  so  would  be.  Our  pending  and  future  patent 
applications may not issue as patents or, if issued, may not be issued in a form that will be advantageous to us. Even if 
issued, patents may be challenged, narrowed, invalidated or circumvented, which could limit our ability to stop competitors 
from marketing similar products or limit the length of term of patent protection we may have for our products. Changes in 
either  patent  laws  or  in  interpretations  of  patent  laws  in  the  U.S.  and  other  countries  may  diminish  the  value  of  our 
intellectual  property  or  narrow  the  scope  of  our  patent  protection,  which  could  in  turn  adversely  affect  our  business, 
financial condition and results of operations. 

If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our proprietary information and know-how, the value of our technology 
and products could be adversely affected, which could in turn adversely affect our business, financial condition and 
results of operations. 

In addition to patented technology, we rely upon unpatented proprietary technology, processes and know-how, 
particularly with respect to our PowerBuoy® control and electricity generating systems. We generally seek to protect this 
information in part by confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants and third parties. These agreements may 
be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. In addition, our trade secrets may otherwise 
become known or be independently developed by competitors. 

Foreign laws may not afford us sufficient protections for our intellectual property, and we may not be able to obtain 
patent protection outside of the United States. 

Intellectual  property  rights  protection  continues  to  present  significant  challenges  to  U.S.  companies  operating 
around the world. The body of law is often relatively undeveloped compared to the commercial law in the U.S. and only 
limited protection of intellectual property may be available in those jurisdictions. Although we have taken precautions to 
protect our intellectual property, any local design or manufacture of products that we undertake in a foreign jurisdiction 
could subject us to an increased risk that unauthorized parties will be able to copy or otherwise obtain or use our intellectual 
property, which could harm our business. We may also have limited legal recourse in the event we encounter patent or 
trademark infringement. If we are unable to manage our intellectual property rights, our business and operating results may 
be seriously harmed. 

If we infringe or are alleged to have infringed upon intellectual property rights of third parties, our business, financial 
condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Our products or use of our trademarks may infringe, or be claimed to infringe, upon patents, patent applications 
or trademarks under which we do not hold licenses or other rights. Third parties may own or control these patents, patent 
applications or trademarks in the U.S. and abroad. Third parties could bring claims against us that would cause us to incur 
substantial expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could cause us to pay substantial damages. Further, if a patent 
or trademark infringement suit were brought against us, we could be forced to stop or delay manufacturing or sales of the 
product or component that is the subject of the suit. 

22 

 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a result of patent or trademark infringement claims, or in order to avoid potential claims, we may choose or be 
required to seek a license from the third party and be required to pay license fees, royalties or both. These licenses may not 
be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Even if we were able to obtain a license, the rights may be non-exclusive, which 
could result in our competitors gaining access to the same intellectual property. Ultimately, we could be forced to cease 
some aspect of our business operations if, as a result of actual or threatened patent or trademark infringement claims, we 
are unable to enter into licenses on acceptable terms. This could significantly and adversely affect our business, financial 
condition and results of operations. 

In  addition  to  infringement  claims  against  us,  we  may  become  a  party  to  other  types  of  patent  or  trademark 
litigation and other proceedings, including proceedings declared by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and proceedings 
in the European Patent Office, regarding intellectual property rights with respect to our products and technology. The cost 
to  us  of  any  patent  or  trademark  litigation  or  other  proceeding,  even  if  resolved  in  our  favor,  could  be  substantial.  In 
addition, if we were to license our intellectual property to others, we may be required to indemnify our licensee if the 
licensed intellectual property is found to be infringing on a third party’s rights. Some of our competitors may be able to 
sustain the costs of such litigation or proceedings more effectively than we can because of their greater financial resources. 

Our  contracts  with  governmental  entities  could  negatively  affect  our  intellectual  property  rights,  and  our  ability  to 
commercialize our products could be impaired. 

Our  prior  agreements  with  government  agencies  in  large  part  funded  the  research  and  development  of  our 
PowerBuoy®. When new technologies are developed with U.S. government funding, the government obtains certain rights 
in any resulting patents, technical data and software, generally including, at a minimum, a non-exclusive license authorizing 
the government to use the invention, technical data or software for non-commercial purposes. These rights may permit the 
government to disclose our confidential information to third parties and to exercise “march-in” rights. March-in rights refer 
to the right of the U.S. government to require us to grant a license to the technology to a responsible applicant or, if we 
refuse, the government may grant the license itself. U.S. government-funded inventions must be reported to the government 
and U.S. government funding must be disclosed in any resulting patent applications; our rights in such inventions will 
normally  be  subject  to  government  license  rights,  periodic  post-contract  utilization  reporting,  foreign  manufacturing 
restrictions and march-in rights. 

The government can exercise its march-in rights if it determines that action is necessary because we fail to achieve 
practical  application  of  the  technology  or  because  action  is  necessary  to  alleviate  health  or  safety  needs,  to  meet 
requirements of federal regulations or to give preference to U.S. industry. Our government-sponsored research contracts 
are subject to audit and require that we provide regular written technical updates on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis, 
and, at the conclusion of the research contract, a final report on the results of our technical research. Because these reports 
are  generally  available  to  the  public,  third  parties  may  obtain  some  aspects  of  our  sensitive  confidential  information. 
Moreover, if we fail to provide these reports or to provide accurate or complete reports, the government may obtain rights 
to any intellectual property arising from the related research. Funding from government contracts may also limit when and 
how  we  can  deploy  our  technology  developed  under  those  contracts.  Foreign  governments  with  which  we  contract  to 
provide funding for our research and development may seek similar rights. 

Risks Related to Regulatory and Compliance Matters 

If  we  are  unable  to  obtain  all  necessary  regulatory  permits  and  approvals,  it  is  possible  that  we  will  not  be  able  to 
implement our planned projects or business plan. 

Offshore  deployment  of  our  products  is  heavily  regulated.  Each  of  our  deployments  is  subject  to  multiple 
permitting  and  approval  requirements.  We  are  dependent  on  state,  federal  and  regional  government  agencies  for  such 
permits  and  approvals.  Due  to  the  unique  nature  of  in-ocean  power  generation  and  the  associated  potential  for 
environmental  hazards  of  our  products’  deployment,  we  expect  our  projects  to  receive  close  scrutiny  by  permitting 
agencies, approval authorities and the public, which could result in substantial delay in the permitting process. Successful 
challenges by any parties opposed to our deployments could result in increased costs, or in the denial of necessary permits 
and approvals. 

If we are unable to obtain necessary permits and approvals in connection with any or all of our projects, those 
projects would not be implemented, and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely 
affected. If we violate or fail to comply with these permits and approvals, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by 
regulators. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In the event we are unable to satisfy regulatory requirements relating to internal control over financial reporting, or if 
our internal controls are not effective, our business and financial results may suffer. 

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports 
and  to  effectively  prevent  fraud.  Pursuant  to  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  we  are  required  to  furnish  a  report  by 
management on internal control over financial reporting, including management’s assessment of the effectiveness of such 
control. Internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of its inherent limitations, 
including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud. Therefore, even effective 
internal controls can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair presentation of financial 
statements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to 
future periods are subject to the risk that the control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the 
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal 
controls,  including  any  failure  to  implement  new  or  improved  controls,  or  if  we  experience  difficulties  in  their 
implementation, our business and operating results could be harmed, we could fail to meet our reporting obligations, and 
there could also be a material adverse effect on our stock price. 

A  portion  of  products  we  acquire  from  our  suppliers  are  manufactured  in  foreign  countries,  making  the  price  and 
availability of these products subject to international trade risks and other international conditions. 

A portion of our parts for our products are sourced from foreign countries, some of which in the future are, or 
could become subject to trade restrictions, including increased tariffs or quotas, embargoes and customs restrictions, which 
would increase the cost or could reduce the supply of products available to us, and could have a material adverse effect on 
our business, financial condition and results of operations. Tariffs on imports from foreign countries, as well as changes in 
tax and trade policies, such as a border adjustment tax or disallowance of certain tax deductions for imported product, could 
materially increase our manufacturing costs, the costs of our imported products or our income tax expense, which would 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Tariffs imposed by foreign countries on 
imports of our products could also adversely affect our international sales. Any increase in manufacturing costs, the cost 
of our products or limitation on the amount of products we are able to purchase, could have a material adverse effect on 
our financial condition and results of operations. 

Business  activities  conducted  by  our  third-party  contractors  and  us  involve  the  use  of  hazardous  materials,  which 
require compliance with environmental and occupational safety laws regulating the use of such materials. If we violate 
these laws, we could be subject to significant fines, liabilities or other adverse consequences. 

Our  manufacturing  operations,  particularly  some  of  the  activities  undertaken  by  our  third-party  suppliers  and 
manufacturers, involve  the  controlled use of hazardous materials.  These  include  batteries  for  the PB3, propane for  the 
hybrid and various lubricants and oils. Accordingly, our third-party contractors and we are subject to foreign, federal, state 
and local laws governing the protection of the environment and human health and safety, including those relating to the 
use, handling and disposal of these materials. We cannot completely eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury 
from these hazardous materials. In the event of an accident or failure to comply with environmental or health and safety 
laws and regulations, we could be held liable for resulting damages, including damages to natural resources, fines and 
penalties, and any such liability could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Environmental laws and regulations are complex, change frequently and have tended to become more stringent 
over time. While we have planned for future capital and operating expenditures to maintain compliance, we cannot assure 
you that environmental laws and regulations will not change or become more stringent in the future. Therefore, we cannot 
assure you that our costs of complying with current and future environmental and health and safety laws, and any liabilities 
arising from past or future releases of, or exposure to, hazardous substances will not adversely affect our business, financial 
condition or results of operations. 

Risks Related to Litigation 

Litigation  is  costly  and  time-consuming  to  defend,  and  if  decided  against  us,  could  require  us  to  pay  substantial 
judgments or settlements. We may be the subject of future securities or other litigation, which could adversely affect 
our company, our business and our liquidity. 

Any litigation is costly, and time consuming to defend and may distract our management from the daily operations 
of our  business.  We  may be the  subject  of additional  future  litigation, which  could  adversely  affect our  company,  our 
business and our liquidity. Although we maintain insurance coverage, we cannot assure you that this insurance coverage 
will be sufficient to cover the substantial fees of lawyers and other professional advisors relating to these pending lawsuits 
or any future litigation, our obligations to indemnify our officers and directors who may become parties to such pending 
and future actions, or the amount of any judgments or settlements that we may be obligated to pay in connection with these 
lawsuits. In addition, these actions have caused our insurance premiums and retention amounts to increase, and we may be 
subject to additional increases in the future or be subjected to other changes in our insurance coverages. Further, given the 
volatility of the market price of our Common Stock, we may be subject to future class action securities and other litigation. 
Accordingly, we have incurred and may continue to incur substantial legal expenses, judgments and/or settlements relating 
to  pending  and  future  litigation  and  our  management’s  time  and  attention  may  be  diverted  from  the  operation  of  our 
business, which could materially and adversely affect the Company. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We may become the target of additional securities litigation, which is costly and time-consuming to defend. 

In the past, companies that experience significant volatility in the market price of their publicly traded securities 
have  become  subject  to  class  action  securities  litigation.  Our  stock  price  has  been  volatile,  and  class  action  securities 
litigation and derivative lawsuits have been filed against us and it is possible that additional lawsuits could be brought 
against us in the future. The results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict. These lawsuits assert types of 
claims that, if resolved against us, could give rise to substantial damages, and an unfavorable outcome or settlement of 
these lawsuits, or any future lawsuits, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of 
operations and/or stock price. Even if any future lawsuits, are not resolved against us, the costs of defending such lawsuits 
may be material to our business and our operations. Moreover, these lawsuits may divert our management’s attention from 
the  operation  of  our  business.  For  more  information  on  our  legal  proceedings,  see  Item  3  “Legal  Proceedings”  of  this 
Annual Report and Note 17 “Commitments and Contingencies - Litigation” in the accompanying consolidated financial 
statements for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock 

If we issue additional shares of our equity securities in the future, our stockholders may experience substantial dilution 
in the value of their investment or their ownership interest. 

Our certificate of incorporation currently authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of our common stock 
and to issue and designate the rights of, without stockholder approval, up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. In the 
future,  if  we  were  required  to  raise  additional  capital,  we  may  offer  additional  shares  of  our  common  stock  or  other 
securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock at prices that may not be the same as the price per share 
paid by other investors, and dilution to our stockholders in the value of their investment and their ownership and voting 
interest in the Company could result. We may sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that 
is less than the price per share paid by existing investors, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future 
could have rights superior to existing stockholders. 

In addition, we have a significant number of stock options and warrants outstanding. To the extent that outstanding 
stock options or warrants have been or may be exercised or other shares issued, current stockholders and future investors 
who have purchased our common stock will experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional 
capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or 
future operating plans. To the extent that we issue new securities or raise additional capital through the sale of equity or 
convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders or result in 
downward pressure on the price of our common stock. 

Historically, our stock price has been volatile, and this is likely to continue; purchasers of our common stock could 
incur substantial losses as a result. 

Historically,  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock  has  fluctuated  significantly,  and  we  expect  that  this  will 
continue. Purchasers of our common stock could incur substantial losses relating to their investment in our stock as a result. 
For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, the 52-week low and high prices for our common stock was $0.36 and $7.30, 
respectively.  Also,  the  stock  market  in  general  has  recently  experienced  volatility  that  has  often  been  unrelated  or 
disproportionate to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations could result in 
fluctuations in the price of our common stock, which could cause purchasers of our common stock to incur substantial 
losses. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including: 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

● 

● 

developments in our business or with respect to our projects; 

the success of competitive products or technologies; 

regulatory developments in the U.S. and foreign countries; 

developments or disputes concerning patents or other proprietary rights; 

the recruitment or departure of key personnel; 

quarterly or annual variations in our financial results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to 
us; 

market conditions in the conventional and renewable energy industries and issuance of new or changed securities 
analysts’ reports or recommendations; 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
  
     
  
  
     
  
   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

   ● 

the failure of securities analysts to cover our common stock or changes in financial estimates by analysts; 

the inability to meet the financial estimates of analysts who follow our common stock; 

investor perception of our company and of our targeted markets; and 

general economic, political and market conditions. 

Provisions  in  our  corporate  charter  documents  and  under  Delaware  law  may  delay  or  prevent  attempts  by  our 
stockholders to change our management and hinder efforts to acquire a controlling interest in us. 

As a result of our reincorporation in Delaware in April 2007, provisions of our certificate of incorporation and 
bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control that stockholders may consider 
favorable,  including  transactions  in which our  stockholders might otherwise receive  a  premium for  their  shares. These 
provisions  may  also  prevent  or  frustrate  attempts  by  our  stockholders  to  replace  or  remove  our  management.  These 
provisions include: 

   ● 

   ● 

● 

advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations; 

the inability of stockholders to act by written consent or to call special meetings; and 

the ability of our Board of Directors to designate the terms of and issue new series of preferred stock without 
stockholder  approval,  which  could  be  used  to  institute  a  “poison  pill”  that  would  work  to  dilute  the  stock 
ownership of a potential hostile acquirer, effectively preventing acquisitions that have not been approved by our 
Board of Directors. 

The affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of our shares of capital stock entitled to vote is necessary to 
amend or repeal the above provisions of our certificate of incorporation. In addition, absent the approval of our Board of 
Directors, our bylaws may only be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of our shares 
of capital stock entitled to vote. 

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation 
from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder, which is generally a person who together with its 
affiliates owns or within the last three years has owned 15% of our voting stock, for a period of three years after the date 
of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a 
prescribed manner. Accordingly, Section 203 may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company. 

If  securities  or  industry  analysts  fail  to  cover  us,  or  do  not  publish  research  or  publish  unfavorable  or  inaccurate 
research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline. 

The trading market for our common stock is influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities 
analysts may publish about us, our business, or our industry from time to time. If one or more of these analysts cease 
coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which 
in turn could cause the price or trading volume of our common stock to decline. Moreover, if one or more of the analysts 
who cover our company downgrade our common stock or release a negative report, or if our operating results do not meet 
analyst expectations, the price of our common stock could decline. 

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the 
foreseeable future. 

We  have  not  paid  any  cash  dividends  on  our  common  stock  to  date.  We  currently  intend  to  retain  our  future 
earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. In addition, the terms of any future debt agreements 
may preclude us from paying dividends. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be the sole 
source of gain for our stockholders for the foreseeable future. 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable. 

26 

 
     
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
  
     
  
     
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES 

Our  corporate  headquarters  are  currently  located  in  Monroe  Township,  New  Jersey,  where  we  occupy 
approximately  56,000  square  feet  under  a  lease  expiring  on  October  31,  2024.  We  use  this  facility  for  administration, 
research and development, as well as assembly and testing of our products. 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

Employment Litigation 

On June 10, 2014, the Company announced that it had terminated Charles Dunleavy as its Chief Executive Officer and 
as an employee of the Company for cause, effective June 9, 2014, and that Mr. Dunleavy had also been removed from 
his position as Chairman of the Board of Directors. On June 17, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy wrote to the Company stating that 
he had retained counsel to represent him in connection with an alleged wrongful termination of his employment. On July 
28, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy resigned from the Board and the boards of directors of the Company’s subsidiaries. On August 
28,  2018,  counsel  for  Mr.  Dunleavy  filed  a  demand  for  arbitration,  captioned  Charles  F.  Dunleavy  v.  Ocean  Power 
Technologies, Inc., Case No. 01-18-0003-2374, before the American Arbitration Association in New Jersey. The demand 
named Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. as the respondent and alleged various claims and sought declaratory relief and 
permanent  injunction.  The  demand  sought  damages  in  the  amount  of  $5.0  million  for  compensatory  and  punitive 
damages, plus interest and attorneys’ fees as well as certain equitable relief. On November 8, 2018, the Company through 
counsel responded to the demand for arbitration, denied all allegations, and asserted various affirmative defenses. The 
final day of hearing occurred in Princeton, New Jersey on July 15, 2020. Post-hearing briefs were filed on September 22, 
2020. Following those filings, the panel issued two interim awards finding, among other things, that the termination for 
cause of Mr. Dunleavy was in breach of his employment contract and awarding him compensatory damages in the amount 
of $438,254.54. The panel denied Mr. Dunleavy’s claims for defamation and injunctive and declaratory relief. The panel 
also awarded Mr. Dunleavy attorneys’ fees, costs and pre-judgment interest. The Company agreed, on May 24, 2021, to 
pay Mr. Dunleavy $1,223,963.14, representing the total compensatory damages, attorneys’ fees, costs and pre-judgment 
interest, which is the full amount awarded by the panel. This was paid in full on May 26, 2021 and the matter is now 
closed. This amount has been accrued in the April 30, 2021 financial statements. 

Spain Income Tax Audit 

The Company underwent an income tax audit in Spain for the period from 2011 to 2014, when our Spanish branch 
was closed. In connection with the tax audit, the Spanish tax inspector challenged the Company’s recognition of grant 
funds received in 2011 to 2014 from the European Commission in connection with the Company’s Waveport project. On 
July 30, 2018, the inspector concluded that although there was no tax owed in light of losses reported, the Company’s 
Spanish branch owed penalties for failure to properly account for the income associated with the funding grant. On August 
30,  2018,  the  Company  filed  an  administrative  appeal  of  the  penalty  and  its  underlying  conclusions.  During  the  three 
months ended July 31, 2020, the Company received notice from the Spanish Central Economic and Administrative Tribunal 
that  it  agreed  with  the  inspector  and  ruled  that  the  Company  owes  the  full  amount  of  the  penalty  in  the  amount  of 
€279,869.81  or  approximately  $331,000.  In  the  quarter  ended  October  31,  2020,  the  Company  recorded  an  additional 
reserve  of  €117,145.81  (or  approximately  $154,000)  to  Selling,  general  and  administrative  costs  in  the  Statement  of 
Operations  making  the  total  reserve  €279,869.81,  which  amount  was  paid  by  the  Company  to  the  Spanish  Tax 
Administration on January 25, 2021. As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company had reserved zero and €162,724 (or 
approximately $177,000), respectively. The penalty was recorded in Accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 
The Company has appealed the decision of the Tribunal tax assessment to the Spanish National Court. 

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

None. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
PART II 

ITEM  5.  MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Stockholders 

Our common stock was listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, under the symbol “OPTT” until June 2021 when the 
listing was transferred to the NYSE American under the same symbol. As of July 16, 2021, there were 124 holders of 
record for shares of our common stock. Since a portion of our common stock is held in “street” or nominee name, we are 
unable to determine the exact number of beneficial holders. 

Dividend Policy 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock, and we do not currently anticipate 
declaring or paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain all of our 
future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. Any future determination relating to our 
dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and will depend on a number of factors, including 
future earnings,  capital  requirements,  financial conditions, future prospects,  contractual restrictions  and  covenants,  and 
other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. 

Transfer Agent Information 

Our transfer agent is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. Computershare is located at 250 Royall Street, Canton, 
MA 02021-1011. Its contact information is: United States and Canada: (800) 662 - 7232, International (781) 575–4238, 
and its website is located at www.computershare.com. 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer 

The following table details our share repurchases for the three months ended April 30, 2021: 

 Total 
Number of 
Shares 
Purchased 
as Part of 
Publicly 
Announced 
Plans 

 Approximate
Dollar 
Value of 
Shares 
that May Yet 
Be Purchased 
Under the 
Plan 

Total 
Number of 
Shares 

Purchased         

 Average 
Price Paid 
per Share         

Period 

February 1 - February 28 ............................................       
March 1 - March 31 ....................................................       
April 1 - April 30 ........................................................       

-      $ 
-      $ 
-      $ 

-        
-        
-        

-      $ 
-      $ 
-      $ 

-  
-  
-  

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

See “Part III, Item 12- Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Management and Related Stockholder 

Matters- Equity Compensation Plan Information.” 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 

Not Applicable. 

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

Not Applicable. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
  
  
     
         
         
         
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND  RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS 

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together 
with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this 
Annual Report. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Annual 
Report,  including  information  with  respect  to  our  plans  and  strategy  for  our  business  and  related  financing,  includes 
forward-looking  statements  that  involve  risks  and  uncertainties.  You  should  review  the  “Risk  Factors”  section  of  this 
Annual Report, and elsewhere in this report, for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ 
materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion 
and analysis. Our fiscal year ends on April 30. References to fiscal 2021 are to the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. 

Business Overview 

We  are  a  marine  power,  data  solutions  and  service  provider.  We  control  the  design,  manufacture,  sales, 
installation, operations and maintenance of our solutions and services while working closely with commercial, technical, 
and other development partners that provide software, controls, mechatronics, sensors, integration services, and marine 
installation services. We believe our renewable autonomous ocean solutions deliver power and data collection, analysis 
and communication in remote ocean environments, allowing users to connect with their ocean environment. Our mission 
and  purpose  are  to  provide  intelligent  maritime  solutions  and  services  that  enable  safer  and  more  productive  ocean 
operations for the defense and security, offshore oil and gas, science and research, and offshore wind markets. We achieve 
this through our proprietary, state-of-the-art technologies that are at the core of our clean and renewable energy platforms 
upon which we develop and deploy our solutions and services. 

Business Update Regarding COVID-19 

The COVID-19 pandemic presented substantial health and economic risks, uncertainties and challenges to our 
business, the global economy and financial markets. In March 2020, one of the Company’s customers cancelled a portion 
of their contract due to the outbreak of COVID-19 and instead extended an existing lease. In April 2020, the Company 
declared force majeure on a contract with a different customer and delayed the deployment of its PB3 PowerBouy® in 
Chile. For additional information on various uncertainties and risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, see Part I, Item 1A 
“Risk Factors” of this report. 

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Government passed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security 
Act, or the (“CARES Act”). On May 3, 2020, the Company signed a Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan with 
Santander Bank, N.A. (“Santander”) as the lender for $890,347 in support through the Small Business Association (“SBA”) 
under the PPP loan. The PPP loan is unsecured and evidenced by a note in favor of Santander as the lender and governed 
by a Loan Agreement with Santander. The interest rate is 1% and the loan is repayable over two years. The loan contains 
customary events of defaults relating to, among other things, payment defaults or breaches of the terms of the loan. Upon 
the occurrence of an event of default, the lender may require immediate repayment of all outstanding amounts under the 
loan. Interest and principal payments are deferred for the first 6 months from the date of the loan. Principal and interest are 
payable monthly commencing 6 months after the disbursement date and may be repaid by the Company at any time prior 
to maturity with no prepayment penalties. The Company received the proceeds on May 5, 2020. 

The Company filed its loan forgiveness application at the end of February 2021 asking for 100% forgiveness of 

the loan. In June 2021, the Company was informed that its application was approved, and the loan is now fully forgiven. 

Capital Raises 

At the Market Offering Agreements 

On January 7, 2019, the Company entered into an At the Market Offering Agreement (“2019 ATM Facility”) with 
AGP, under which the Company may issue and sell to or through AGP, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the 
Company’s  common  stock  having  an  aggregate  offering  price  of  up  to  $25.0  million.  From  inception  of  the  program 
through its termination on December 8, 2020, under the 2019 ATM Facility, the Company sold and issued an aggregate of 
17,595,472 shares of its common stock with an aggregate market value of $23.4 million at an average price of $1.33 per 
share and paid AGP a sales commission of approximately $0.8 million related to those shares. The agreement was fully 
utilized and terminated on December 8, 2020. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On November 20, 2020, the Company entered into an At the Market Offering Agreement with AGP (the “2020 
ATM Facility”). The Company on December 4, 2020 filed a prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
whereby, the Company could issue and sell to or through AGP, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the Company’s 
common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million. From inception of the 2020 ATM Facility through 
April 30, 2021, the Company sold and issued an aggregate of 17,179,883 shares of its common stock with an aggregate 
market value of $50.0 million at an average price of $2.91 per share and paid AGP a sales commission of approximately 
$1.6 million related to those shares. A prospectus supplement would need to be filed for the Company to sell additional 
amounts under the 2020 ATM Facility. 

Equity Line Common Stock Purchase Agreements 

On October 24, 2019, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital which 
provided  that,  subject  to  certain  terms,  conditions  and  limitations,  Aspire  Capital  was  committed  to  purchase  up  to  an 
aggregate of $10.0 million shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period. Through September 18, 2020, 
the Company had sold an aggregate of 6,424,205 shares of common stock with an aggregate market value of $4.0 million 
at an average price of $0.63 per share pursuant to this common stock purchase agreement. The agreement was fully utilized 
and terminated on September 18, 2020. 

On September 18, 2020, the Company entered into a new common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital 
which provided that, subject to certain terms, conditions and limitations, Aspire Capital was committed to purchase up to 
an aggregate of $12.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period subject to a limit of 19.99% 
of the outstanding common stock on the date of the agreement if the price did not exceed a specified price in the agreement. 
The  number  of  shares  the  Company  could  issue  within  the  19.99%  limit  was  3,722,251  shares  without  shareholder 
approval. Shareholder approval was received at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders on December 23, 2020 for 
the sale of 9,864,706 additional shares of common stock which exceeds the 19.99% limit of outstanding common stock on 
the date of the agreement. Through April 30, 2021, the Company had sold an aggregate of 3,722,251 shares of common 
stock with an aggregate market value of $11.8 million at an average price of $3.17 per share pursuant to this common stock 
purchase agreement. 

The sale of additional equity or convertible securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. If additional 
funds are raised through the issuance of debt securities or preferred stock, these securities could have rights senior to those 
associated with our common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict our operations. The Company currently 
has  committed sources of  equity  financing through  its  At the  Market  Offering Agreement  with A.G.P/Alliance  Global 
Partners (“AGP”) and the Aspire Capital financing (see Note 11), but the Company cannot be sure that additional equity 
and/or debt financing will be available to the Company as needed on acceptable terms, or at all.. If we are unable to obtain 
required financing when needed, we may be required to reduce the scope of our operations, including our planned product 
development  and  marketing  efforts,  which  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  operating 
results. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we may be forced to cease our operations. 

Backlog 

As of April 30, 2021, our negotiated backlog was $0.2 million. As of April 30, 2020, our negotiated backlog was 
$1.0 million. Our backlog can include unfilled firm orders for our products and services from commercial and governmental 
customers.  If  any  of  our  contracts  were  to  be  terminated,  our  backlog  would  be  reduced  by  the  expected  value  of  the 
remaining terms of such contract. 

The  amount  of  contract  backlog  is  not  necessarily  indicative  of  future  revenue  because  modifications  to,  or 
terminations of present contracts and production delays can provide additional revenue or reduce anticipated revenue. A 
substantial  portion  of  our  revenue  has  been  for  the  support  of  our  product  development  efforts.  These  revenues  are 
recognized using the percentage-of-completion method, and changes in estimates from time to time may have a significant 
effect on revenue and backlog. Our backlog is also typically subject to large variations from time to time due to the timing 
of new awards. 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 

To understand our financial statements, it is important to understand our critical accounting policies and estimates. 
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. GAAP”). 
The preparation of financial statements also requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets, liabilities, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on 
various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly 
from the estimates made by our management. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual 
results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected. 
We believe that the accounting policies are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies 
relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
We believe the following accounting policies require significant judgment and estimates by us in the preparation 

of our consolidated financial statements. 

Revenue recognition 

A performance  obligation  is  the unit  of  account for revenue recognition.  The  Company  assesses  the goods or 
services promised in a contract with a customer and identifies as a performance obligation either: a) a good or service (or 
a bundle of goods or services) that is distinct; or b) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and 
that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. A contract may contain a single or multiple performance obligations. 
For  contracts  with  multiple  performance  obligations,  the  Company  allocates  the  contracted  transaction  price  to  each 
performance obligation based upon the relative standalone selling price, which represents the price the Company would 
sell a promised good or service separately to a customer. The Company determines the standalone selling price based upon 
the facts and circumstances of each obligated good or service. The majority of the Company’s contracts have no observable 
standalone selling price since the associated products and services are customized to customer specifications. As such, the 
standalone selling price generally reflects the Company’s forecast of the total cost to satisfy the performance obligation 
plus an appropriate profit margin. 

The  nature  of  the  Company’s  contracts  may  give  rise  to  several  types  of  variable  considerations,  including 
unpriced change orders and liquidated damages and penalties. Variable consideration can also arise from modifications to 
the scope of services. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant 
reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur once the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is 
resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include such amounts in the transaction 
price are based largely on our assessment of legal enforceability, performance and any other information (historical, current, 
and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. There was no variable consideration as of April 30, 2021 and 2020. 

The Company recognizes revenue when or as it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a good or service 
to a customer, either (1) at a point in time or (2) over time. A good or service is transferred when or as the customer obtains 
control of it. The evaluation of whether control of each performance obligation is transferred at a point in time or over time 
is made at contract inception. Input measures such as costs incurred or time elapsed are utilized to assess progress against 
specific contractual performance obligations for the Company’s services. The selection of the method to measure progress 
towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For the Company, the 
input  method  using  costs  incurred  or  time  elapsed  best  represents  the  measure  of  progress  against  the  performance 
obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. When the Company’s estimate of total costs to be incurred to 
satisfy the performance obligations exceed revenue, the Company recognizes the loss immediately. 

Financial Operations Overview 

The following table provides information regarding the breakdown of our revenues by customer for fiscal years 

2021 and 2020: 

   Twelve months ended April 30,    

2021 

2020 

(in thousands) 

Eni S.p.A. ...........................................................................     $ 
Premier Oil UK Limited .....................................................       
EGP ....................................................................................       
ACET .................................................................................       
Deepstar ..............................................................................       
Other ...................................................................................       
   $ 

271      $ 
27        
740        
53        
80        
35        
1,206      $ 

173   
148   
1,211   
-   
-   
150   
1,682   

We currently focus our sales and marketing efforts globally. The following table shows the percentage of our 

revenues by geographical location of our customers for fiscal 2021 and 2020: 

Customer Location 

    Twelve months ended April 30,   

 2021  

2020 

Europe ................................................................................       
South America ....................................................................       
North America ....................................................................       

25 %      
61 %      
14 %      
100 %      

22 % 
72 % 
6 % 
100 % 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
    
  
 
 
  
  
     
  
  
     
        
  
  
     
 
 
Foreign exchange loss 

We transact business in various countries and have exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. 
Foreign exchange gains and losses arise in the translation of foreign-denominated assets and liabilities, which may result 
in realized and unrealized gains or losses from exchange rate fluctuations. Since we conduct our business in US dollars 
and our functional  currency is  the  US dollar, our  main  foreign exchange  exposure,  if  any,  results  from  changes  in the 
exchange rate between the US dollar and other foreign currencies. 

We maintain cash accounts that are denominated in British pounds sterling, Euros and Australian dollars. These 
foreign denominated accounts had a balance of $0.3 million as of April 30, 2021 and $0.3 million as of April 30, 2020, 
compared to our total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash balances of $83.6 million as of April 30, 2021 and $10.9 
million as of April 30, 2020. These foreign currency balances are translated at each month end the US dollar, and any 
resulting gain or loss is recognized in our results of operations. 

In addition, a portion of our operations is conducted through our subsidiaries in countries other than the U.S., 
specifically Ocean Power Technologies Ltd. in the United Kingdom, the functional currency of which is the British pound 
sterling,  and  Ocean  Power  Technologies  (Australasia)  Pty  Ltd.  in  Australia,  the  functional  currency  of  which  is  the 
Australian dollar. Both of these subsidiaries have foreign exchange exposure that results from changes in the exchange rate 
between their functional currency and other foreign currencies in which they conduct business. 

We  currently  do  not  hedge  our  exchange  rate  exposure.  However,  we  assess  the  anticipated  foreign  currency 
working capital requirements and capital asset acquisitions of our foreign operations and attempt to maintain a portion of 
our cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies sufficient to satisfy these anticipated requirements. We 
also assess the need and cost to utilize financial instruments to hedge currency exposures on an ongoing basis and may 
hedge against exchange rate exposure in the future. 

Results of Operations 

This section should be read in conjunction with the discussion below under “- Liquidity and Capital Resources.” 

Fiscal Years Ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 

The  following  table  contains  selected  statement  of  operations  information,  which  serves  as  the  basis  of  the 

discussion of our results of operations for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

Revenues ....................................................................................................     $ 
Cost of revenues ........................................................................................       
Gross loss ...........................................................................................       

Operating expenses: 

Engineering and product development costs .........................................       
Selling, general and administrative costs ...............................................       
Total operating expenses ...................................................................       
Operating loss ............................................................................................       
Gain due to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities .........................       
Litigation settlement ..................................................................................       
Interest income, net ....................................................................................       
Other expense, net .....................................................................................       
Foreign exchange gain/(loss) .....................................................................       
Loss before income taxes ...........................................................................       
Income tax benefit .............................................................................       
Net loss ......................................................................................................     $ 

Revenues 

Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

(in thousands) 

1,206      $ 
2,279        
(1,073 )      

4,747        
7,772        
12,519        
(13,592 )      
-        
(1,224 )      
124        
(83 )      
15        
(14,760 )      
-        
(14,760 )    $ 

1,682   
1,787   
(105 ) 

4,344   
6,916   
11,260   
(11,365 ) 
6   
-   
124   
-   
(12 ) 
(11,247 ) 
895   
(10,352 ) 

Revenues for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 were approximately $1.2 million and $1.7 million, 
respectively, representing a decrease of approximately $0.5 million, or 28%, from 2020. The decline in revenue for the full 
year was mainly attributable to COVID-19 pandemic-related project delays. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
     
         
    
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenues 

Our  cost  of  revenues  consists  primarily  of  subcontracts,  incurred  material,  labor  and  manufacturing  overhead 
expenses, such as engineering expense, equipment depreciation and maintenance and facility related expenses, and includes 
the  cost of  equipment  to  customize  the  PowerBuoy® supplied by  third-party  suppliers.  Cost of revenues  also  includes 
PowerBuoy®  system  delivery  and  deployment  expenses  and  may  include  anticipated  losses  at  completion  on  certain 
contracts. 

Cost of revenues for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 were approximately $2.2 million and $1.8 
million, respectively. The increase of approximately $0.4 million, or 26%, over 2020 was mostly due to higher deployment 
and material costs incurred on the EGP contract in 2021 as compared to the same period in fiscal 2020. 

Engineering and product development costs 

Our engineering and product development costs consist of salaries and other personnel-related costs and the costs 
of products, materials and outside services used in our product development and unfunded research activities. Our product 
development costs relate primarily to our efforts to increase the power output and reliability of our PowerBuoy® system, 
and to the development of new products, product applications and complementary technologies. We expense all of our 
engineering and product development costs as incurred. 

Engineering  and  product  development  costs  during  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2021  were  $4.6  million  as 
compared to $4.3 million for fiscal year 2020. The increase of $0.3 million, or 5%, is due to higher spending on product 
development compared to the same period in fiscal 2020. 

Selling, general and administrative costs 

Our selling, general and administrative costs consist primarily of professional fees, salaries and other personnel-
related costs for employees and consultants engaged in sales and marketing and support of our PowerBuoy® systems and 
costs for executive, accounting and administrative personnel, and other general corporate expenses. 

Selling, general and administrative costs during the fiscal year months ended April 30, 2021 were $7.8 million as 
compared to $6.9 million for fiscal year 2020. The increase of $0.9 million, or 12%, is primarily attributable to higher 
employee related costs of $0.6 million, higher insurance premiums of $0.2 million and an additional $0.2 million penalty 
assessed by the Spanish tax authority related to a tax audit. 

Gain due to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities 

The fair value of our financial instruments reflects the amounts that would be paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The fair value of our warrant liabilities 
is subject to remeasurement each financial statement reporting period, as such, changes in this fair value are reflected in 
the statement of operations. 

There was no unrealized gain or oss related to a change in fair value of warrant liabilities during the fiscal year 
ended  April  30,  2021  compared  to  an  unrealized  gain  of  $6,000  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2020.  The  change 
between periods is mainly due to a shorter maturity to expiration of the warrants and lower stock price for the twelve 
months ended April 30, 2021. 

the date of acquisition. 

Litigation settlement 

On May 19, 2021, the Company entered into a Stipulation with Charles F. Dunleavy, former Chief Executive 
Officer (refer to Item 3. Legal Proceedings above for a description of the case). The Stipulation recounts that the panel of 
arbitrators  in  the  Action  issued  two  interim  awards  total  $1.2  million.  The  Company  recorded  the  settlement  cost  as 
Litigation Settlement in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as of April 30, 2021. 

Interest income, net 

Interest  income,  net  consists  of  interest  received  on  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  investments  in  money  market 
accounts and interest expense paid on certain obligations to third parties. Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 
was $83.6 million as of April 30, 2021, compared to $10.9 million as of April 30, 2020. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income, net was approximately $124,000 for both fiscal 2021 and 2020. The change was flat year over 
year due to a lower interest rate on investments even though the Company had a higher cash balance throughout fiscal year 
2021. 

Foreign exchange gain/(loss) 

Foreign exchange gain was approximately $15,000 for fiscal year 2021 as compared to a foreign exchange loss 
of $12,000 for fiscal year 2020. The difference was attributable primarily to the relative change in value of the British 
pound sterling, Euro and Australian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. 

Income tax benefit 

During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company sold New Jersey State net operating losses 
and research and development credits resulting in the recognition of income tax benefits of $0.9 million in fiscal year 2020. 
The Company received the fiscal year 2021 payment of $1.0 million in May, 2021. The Company has a full valuation 
allowance against its deferred tax assets. 

Net cash used in operating activities 

During the twelve months ended April 30, 2021, net cash flows used in operating activities was $11.7 million, an 
increase of $1.1 million compared to net cash used in operating activities during the twelve months ended April 30, 2020. 
This increase is mainly driven by the receipt of proceeds on the sale of net operating losses occurring after fiscal 2021 
whereas in prior year proceeds on sale of net operating losses occurred during fiscal 2020. 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Net  cash  provided  in  investing  activities  during  the  twelve  months  ended  April  30,  2021  was  approximately 
$74,000 for fiscal year 2021 versus net cash used by investing activities of approximately $65,000 for fiscal year 2020. 
The  change  was  primarily  the  result  of  the  Company  acquiring  $100,000  in  cash  as  part  of  the  3Dent  acquisition  and 
decreased spending on equipment of $42,000. 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

Net cash provided by financing activities during the twelve months ended April 30, 2021 was approximately $84.2 
million  compared  to  net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  during  the  twelve  months  ended  April  30,  2020  of  $4.4 
million. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities during the twelve months ended April 30, 2021 is due to 
increased proceeds from At the Market capital raises of $62.7 million through AGP, increased proceeds from ELOC capital 
raises of $13.4 million with Aspire, $2.8 million from proceeds associated with warrant exercises, $0.2 million proceeds 
associated with stock option exercises and $0.9 million received from the PPP loan. 

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents 

The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents was an increase of approximately $134,000 in fiscal 
year 2021, an increase of $166,000 from fiscal year 2020, respectively. The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash 
equivalents results primarily from gains or losses on consolidation of foreign subsidiaries and foreign denominated cash 
and cash equivalents. 

Liquidity Outlook 

Since our inception, the cash flows from customer revenues have not been sufficient to fund our operations and 
provide the capital resources for our business. For the two years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, our aggregate revenues 
were $2.9 million, our aggregate net losses were $25.1million and our aggregate net cash used in operating activities was 
$22.3 million. 

We expect to devote substantial resources to continue our development efforts for our products and to expand our 
sales, marketing and manufacturing programs associated with the continued commercialization of our products. Our future 
capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including but not limited to: 

●  our ability to commercialize our products, and achieve and sustain profitability; 
●  our continued development of our proprietary technologies, and expected continued use of cash from operating 
activities unless or until we achieve positive cash flow from the commercialization of our products and services; 
●  our ability to obtain additional funding, as and if needed which will be subject to a number of factors, including 

market conditions, and our operating performance; 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, customers, suppliers and manufacturers; 

● 
●  our estimates regarding expenses, future revenues and capital requirements; 
● 
the adequacy of our cash balances and our need for additional financings; 
●  our ability to develop and manufacture commercially viable products; 
●   our ability to successfully develop and market new products;  
● 

that  we  will  be  successful  in  our  efforts  to  commercialize  our  products  or  the  timetable  upon  which 
commercialization can be achieved, if at all; 

●  our ability to identify and penetrate markets for our products and our wave energy technology; 

our ability to implement our commercialization strategy as planned, or at all; 

●     our relationships with our strategic partners may not be successful and we may not be successful in establishing 

additional relationships; 

the reliability of our technology and our products; 

the impact of pending and threatened litigation on our business, financial condition and liquidity; 

●  our ability to maintain the listing of our common stock on the NYSE American; 
● 
●  our ability to improve the power output, survivability and reliability of our products; 
● 
●  changes in current legislation, regulations and economic conditions that affect the demand for renewable energy; 
●  our ability to compete effectively in our target markets; 
●  our limited operating history and history of operating losses; 
●  our sales and marketing capabilities and strategy in the United States and internationally; and 
●  our ability to protect our intellectual property portfolio. 

Our  business  is  capital  intensive,  and  up  through  fiscal  2021,  we  have  been  funding  our  business  principally 
through sales of our securities. As of April 30, 2021, cash and cash equivalents was $83.4 million and we expect to fund 
our business with this amount and, to a limited extent, with our revenues until, we generate sufficient cash flow to internally 
fund our business. Management believes the Company’s current cash and cash equivalent is sufficient to fund its planned 
expenditures through at least July 31, 2022. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

Since inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet financing activities. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-15,  “Intangibles  —  Goodwill  and  Other  —  Internal-Use 
Software (Subtopic 350-40).” The ASU provides for the recognition of an intangible  asset for the costs of internal-use 
software licenses included in a cloud computing arrangement. Costs of arrangements that do not include a software license 
should be accounted for as a service contract and expensed as incurred. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The ASU permits two methods of adoption: prospectively to all 
implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption, or retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented. The 
Company adopted this guidance on a prospective basis effective May 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have 
a material effect on its Consolidated Financial Statements. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820).” The ASU modifies, 
removes, and adds several disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. 
ASU 2018-13 is effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after 
December  15,  2019.  The  amendments  on  changes  in  unrealized  gains  and  losses,  the  range  and  weighted  average  of 
significant  unobservable  inputs  used  to  develop  Level  3  fair  value  measurements,  and  the  narrative  description  of 
measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in 
the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon 
their effective date. Early adoption is permitted upon issuance of ASU 2018-13. An entity is permitted to early adopt any 
removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until 
their effective date. The Company adopted this guidance effective May 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have 
a material effect on its Consolidated Financial Statements. 

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  “Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326), 
Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  on  Financial  Instruments.”  The  amendment  in  this  update  replaces  the  incurred  loss 
impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses on instruments within 
its scope, including trade receivables. This update is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-
useful information about the expected credit losses. This ASU is effective for annual periods and interim periods beginning 
after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its 
consolidated financial statements. 

35 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

The  financial  statements  and  supplementary  data  required  by  this  item  are  listed  in  Item  15  -  “Exhibits  and 

Financial Statement Schedules” of this Annual Report. 

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE 

None. 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  our  controls  and  other  procedures  that  are  designed  to  ensure  that 
information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 
as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the 
SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed 
to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is 
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, 
as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision 
and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the 
effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-
15(b). Based upon that evaluation, as of April 30, 2021, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded 
that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. 

Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

The annual report of management on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is provided under 
“Reports of Management” on page F-2, which is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. As described 
therein, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 
2021. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the 
Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended April 30, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to 
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION 

None. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
PART III 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The information required in response to this Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy 
statement relating to our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, not 
later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report. 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The information required in response to this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy 
statement relating to our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, not 
later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report. 

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

The information required in response to this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy 
statement relating to our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, not 
later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report. 

ITEM  13.  CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE 

The information required in response to this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy 
statement relating to our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, not 
later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report. 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES 

The information required in response to this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy 
statement relating to our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A, not 
later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year covered by this report. 

37 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

PART IV 

(a) (1) Financial Statements: See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1. 

(3) Exhibits: See Exhibit Index on pages 58 to 59. 

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

None. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has 

duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

Date: July 19, 2021 

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 

By: Philipp Stratmann 
   President and Chief Executive Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the 

following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: 

SIGNATURE 

 TITLE 

DATE 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 
Philipp Stratmann 

   President, Chief Executive Officer 
   and Director (Principal Executive Officer) 

July 19, 2021 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 

   Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and 

July 19, 2021 

Matthew T. Shafer 

   (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 

Treasurer 

/s/ Terence J. Cryan 
Terence J. Cryan 

/s/ Clyde W. Hewlett 
Clyde W. Hewlett 

/s/ Diana G. Purcel 
Diana G. Purcel 

/s/ Peter E. Slaiby 
Peter E. Slaiby 

   Chairman of the Board and Director 

July 19, 2021 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

July 19, 2021 

July 19, 2021 

July 19, 2021 

39 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
 
 
 
Exhibit       
Number   

Exhibits Index 

Description 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3.6 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 
10.1 

   Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  registrant  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  3.1  to  our 

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed September 14, 2007). 

   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. dated October 27, 
2015 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 28, 2015). 
   Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  the  registrant  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  3.2  to  the  Current 

Report on Form 8-K filed June 23, 2016). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State of 
the State of Delaware on October 21, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on October 21, 2016). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State of 
the State of Delaware on December 7, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on December 7, 2018). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State of 
the State of Delaware on March 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2019). 

   Specimen certificate of Common Stock (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Form S-1/A filed March 

19, 2007). 

   Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on 

Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 
   Description of Company Securities. 
   Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from Exhibit A to Proxy Statement 

filed August 28, 2013).* 

10.2 

   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed March 

14, 2011).* 

10.3 

   Employment Agreement, dated December 29, 2014, between George H. Kirby and Ocean Power Technologies, 

Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed March 11, 2015).* 

10.4 

   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated June 2, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Current 

Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2016). 

10.5 

   Form of Amendment No. 1 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 7, 2016 (incorporated by reference to 

Exhibit 99.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 

10.6 

   2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan* (incorporated by reference to Annex A to Proxy Statement filed on September 

3, 2015). 

10.7 

   Stipulation and Agreement of Class Settlement dated as of May 5, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 11, 2016). 

10.8 

   Agreement by and between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd 
dated May 31, 2016 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on 
June 6, 2016). 

10.9 

   Form of the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 2, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to 

the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2016). 

10.10 

   Form of Amendment No. 1 to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 7, 2016 (incorporated by reference 

to Exhibit 99.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 

10.11 

   Form of Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 21, 2016, to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 
2, 2016, by and among Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and the investor’s signatory thereto, and (incorporated 
by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 21, 2016). 

10.12 

   Form  of  Subscription  Agreement,  dated  July  22,  2016  between  the  Company  and  the  Purchasers  thereto 

(incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 22, 2016). 

10.13 

   Employment  Letter  between  the  Company  and  Matthew  Shafer  dated  August  23,  2016,  (incorporated  by 

reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 29, 2016). 

10.14 

   Agreement by and between the Company and the U.S. Office of Naval Research dated September 13, 2016 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 
14, 2016). 

10.15 

   Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to 

Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2018).* 

10.16 

   Form  of  Restricted  Stock  Agreement  for  Employment  Inducement  Incentive  Award  Plan  (incorporated  by 

reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2018).* 

10.17 

   Contract between Eni S.p.A. and the Company dated March 14, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 

to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 19, 2018). + 

40 

 
  
  
     
 
 
10.18 

   Contract  between  Harbour  Energby  UK  Limited  and  the  Company  dated  June  27,  2018  (incorporated  by 

reference to Exhibit 10.27 to Form 10-K filed with the SEC on July 17, 2018).+ 

10.19 

   Amendment to the Employment Agreement of George H. Kirby III (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 

to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 18, 2018). * 

10.20 

   Contract between U.S. Navy and the Company dated February 11, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.2 to Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on March 11, 2019). 

10.21 

   Form of Warrant Agency Agreement by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
collectively as warrant agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Amendment No.2 to the Company’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (file No. 333-230199, filed with the SEC on April 3, 2019). 

10.22 

   Form of Common Warrant ((incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 

5, 2019). 

10.23 

   Form of Pre-Funded Warrant ((incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on 

April 5, 2019). 

10.24 

   Warrant  Agency  Agreement  between  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and  Computershare  Trust  Company, 
N.A. dated April 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 8, 
2019). 

10.25 

   Contract amendment between Harbour Energy UK Limited and the Company dated June 24, 2019 (incorporated 

by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 25, 2019).+ 

10.26 

10.27 

10.28 

   Lease  Agreement  dated  March  31,  2017  between  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and  PPH  Industrial  28 
Engelhard, LLC (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-
K filed with the SEC on July 22, 2019). 
Supply and Service Contract between the Company and Empresa Electrica Panguipulli S.A. dated September 
19, 2019 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 23, 
2019). + 
Supply and Service Contract between the Company and Enel Green Power Chile LTDA dated September 19, 
2019  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.2  to  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  September  23, 
2019). + 

10.29 

   Contract amendment between Eni s.P.a. and the Company dated February 28, 2020 (incorporated by reference 

10.30 

10.31 

10.32 

10.33 

10.34 

21.1 
23.1 
23.2 
31.1 
31.2 
32.1 
32.2 
101 

from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on March 9, 2020). 

   U.S. Small Business Administration Note dated May 3, 2020 of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. in favor of 
Santander Bank, N.A. as the Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2020). 

   Loan  Agreement  dated  May  3,  2020  between  Santander  Bank,  N.A.  and  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2020). 
   Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated September 18, 2020, between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and 
Aspire Capital Fund, LLC (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed on September 18, 2020). 

   Subcontract between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Adams Communication & Engineering Technology 
Inc. dated effective October 20, 2020 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2020). 

   Sales  Agreement,  dated  November  20,  2020,  by  and  between  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and 
A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2020. 

   Subsidiaries of the registrant 
   Consent of EisnerAmper LLP. 
   Consent of KPMG 
   Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
   Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002** 
   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002** 
   The following financial information from Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the  annual  period  ended  April  30,  2020,  formatted  in  eXtensible  Business  Reporting  Language  (XBRL):  (i) 
Consolidated Balance Sheets - as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations - for 
the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - for the years 
ended April 30, 2021 and 20120, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - for the years ended 
April 30, 2021 and 2020 (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 
2020, (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.*** 

41 

 
  
  
 
 
 
+ Indicates that confidential treatment has been requested for this exhibit. 
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

** As provided in Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be “filed” or part of a 
registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, 
and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise 
subject to the liability under those sections. 

*** As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” or a part of a registration 
statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and shall not 
be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the 
liability under those sections. 

42 

 
 
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Page 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm....................................................................................   F-2 
Consolidated Balance Sheets, April 30, 2021 and 2020 ...........................................................................................   F-4 
Consolidated Statements of Operations, twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 ........................................   F-5 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 ........................   F-6 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 ........................   F-7 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 .......................................   F-8 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .............................................................................................................   F-9 

F-1 

 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.: 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc and Subsidiaries (the 
“Company”) as of April 30, 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ 
equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). 
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the 
Company as of April 30, 2021, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, 
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether 
due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control 
over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial 
reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether 
due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test 
basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation 
of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements 
that  was  communicated  or  required  to  be  communicated  to  the  audit  committee  and  that:  (1)  relates  to  accounts  or 
disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex 
judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, 
taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the 
critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Revenue Recognition 

As described further in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, revenues are primarily derived from contracts that 
are recognized as the performance obligations are satisfied over time. The Company uses a ratio of project costs incurred 
to estimated total costs for each contract to recognize revenue. Under the cost-to-cost approach, the determination of the 
progress towards completion requires management to prepare estimates of the costs to complete. Revenues for the year 
ended April 30, 2021 were approximately $1.2 million. 

We  identified  the  accounting  for  revenue  recognized  over  time  is  a  critical  audit  matter  due  to  the  complexity  and 
subjectivity of management’s estimate of the progress towards completion of its projects. This in turn led to a high degree 
of  auditor  judgement  and  subjectivity  and  significant  audit  effort  was  required  in  performing  procedures  to  evaluate 
management’s determination of the forecasted costs to complete its contracts as future results may vary significantly from 
past estimates due to changes in facts and circumstances. 

Addressing  the  matter  involved  performing  procedures  and  evaluating  audit  evidence  in  connection  with  forming  our 
overall opinion on the financial statements. We obtained an understanding and evaluated the design of controls relating to 
the Company’s revenue recognition. Our audit procedures related to the recognition of revenue over time included the 
following  procedures,  among  others,  (i)  testing  the  Company’s  cost-to-cost  estimates  by  evaluating  the  appropriate 
application  of  the  cost-to-cost  method,  (ii)  testing  the  significant  assumptions  used  to  develop  the  estimated  cost  to 
complete and (iii) testing completeness and accuracy of the underlying data. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020. 

/s/ EisnerAmper LLP 

EISNERAMPER LLP 
Iselin, New Jersey 
July 19, 2021 

F-2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.: 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the 
Company)  as  of  April  30,  2020,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations,  comprehensive  loss,  stockholders’ 
equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 
Company as of April 30, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity 
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

Going Concern 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a 
going concern. As discussed in Note 1(b) to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring 
losses from operations and has an accumulated deficit that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going 
concern.  Management’s  plans  in  regard  to  these  matters  are  also  described  in  Note  1(b).  The  consolidated  financial 
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 

Basis for Opinion 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to 
express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audit  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures 
in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant 
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We 
believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ KPMG LLP 

We served as the Company’s auditor from 2004 to 2020. 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 
June 29, 2020 

F-3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
(in thousands, except share data) 

April 30, 2021 

April 30, 2020 

Current assets: 

ASSETS 

Cash and cash equivalents .....................................................................     $ 
Restricted cash, short-term ....................................................................       
Accounts receivable ...............................................................................       
Contract assets .......................................................................................       
Other current assets ................................................................................       
Total current assets ............................................................................       
Property and equipment, net ......................................................................       
Intangibles, net ...........................................................................................       
Right-of-use asset, net ...............................................................................       
Restricted cash, long-term .........................................................................       
Total assets .........................................................................................     $ 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable ...................................................................................     $ 
Accrued expenses ..................................................................................       
Contract liabilities, current portion ........................................................       
Right-of-use liability, current portion ....................................................       
Litigation payable ..................................................................................       
Liability classified stock awards ............................................................       
Warrant liabilities ..................................................................................       
Paycheck protection program loan- current ...........................................       
Total current liabilities .......................................................................       
Paycheck protection program loan, less current portion ............................       
Right-of-use liability, less current portion .................................................       
Contract liabilities, less current portion .....................................................       
Total liabilities ...................................................................................       

Commitments and contingencies (Note 17) 
Stockholders’ Equity: 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 5,000,000 shares, none 
issued or outstanding .............................................................................       
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 100,000,000 shares, 
issued and outstanding 52,458,011 and 12,939,420 shares, 
respectively ............................................................................................       
Treasury stock, at cost; 21,040 and 4,251 shares, respectively ..............       
Additional paid-in capital ......................................................................       
Accumulated deficit ...............................................................................       
Accumulated other comprehensive loss .................................................       
Total stockholders' equity ..................................................................       
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity ...........................................     $ 

83,028      $ 
384        
350        
190        
487        
84,439        
406        
274        
1,036        
222        
86,377      $ 

687      $ 
1,881        
-        
495        
1,224        
60        
-        
347        
4,694        
396        
819        
-        
5,909        

10,002   
707   
105   
251   
588   
11,653   
499   
-   
1,165   
221   
13,538   

220   
1,353   
100   
229   
-   
-   
-   
-   
1,902   
-   
1,078   
65   
3,045   

-        

-   

52        
(338 )      
315,821        
(234,896 )      
(171 )      
80,468        
86,377      $ 

13   
(302 ) 
231,101   
(220,136 ) 
(183 ) 
10,493   
13,538   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-4 

 
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
         
    
 
 
 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
(in thousands, except per share data) 

Revenues ....................................................................................................     $ 
Cost of revenues ........................................................................................       
Gross loss ...............................................................................................       

Operating expenses: 

Engineering and product development costs .........................................       
Selling, general and administrative costs ...............................................       
Total operating expenses ...................................................................       

Operating loss 

Gain due to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities .........................       
Litigation settlement ..................................................................................       
Interest income, net ....................................................................................       
Other expense, net .....................................................................................       
Foreign exchange gain/(loss) .....................................................................       
Loss before income taxes ...........................................................................       
Income tax benefit .................................................................................       
Net loss ......................................................................................................     $ 
Basic and diluted net loss per share ...........................................................     $ 

Weighted average shares used to compute basic and diluted net loss 
per share .................................................................................................       

Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

1,206      $ 
2,279        
(1,073 )      

4,747        
7,772        
12,519        
(13,592 )      

-        
(1,224 )      
124        
(83 )      
15        
(14,760 )      
-        
(14,760 )    $ 
(0.49 )    $ 

1,682   
1,787   
(105 ) 

4,344   
6,916   
11,260   
(11,365 ) 

6   
-   
124   
-   
(12 ) 
(11,247 ) 
895   
(10,352 ) 
(1.44 ) 

30,018,838        

7,209,732   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-5 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
  
     
         
    
 
 
 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss 
(in thousands) 

Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

Net loss ..............................................................................................................     $ 
Foreign currency translation adjustment ............................................................       
Total comprehensive loss ...................................................................................     $ 

(14,760)    $ 
12       
(14,748)    $ 

(10,352 ) 
(12 ) 
(10,364 ) 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-6 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
     
       
  
 
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 
(in thousands, except share data) 

    Additional     

     Accumulated      
Other 

Total 

    Treasury Shares      Paid-In      Accumulated     Comprehensive     Stockholders’   

    Amount     Shares     Amount      Capital       Deficit 

Loss 

     Equity 

   Common Shares 
   Shares 

64,928       

753,560       

194,805       

Balances at May 1, 2019 .......       5,425,517     $ 
-       
Net loss .................................      
Share based compensation ....      
-       
Issuance (forfeiture) of 
restricted stock, net ...............      
Exercise of prefunded 
warrants, net of costs ............      
Common stock issued for 
commitment fee ....................      
Issuance of common stock- 
Aspire financing, 
 net of issuance costs.............       1,399,205       
Issuance of common stock- 
AGP At The 
 Market offering, net of 
issuance costs ........................       5,101,405       
-       
Acquisition of treasury stock      
Other comprehensive loss .....      
-       
Balances at April 30, 2020 ....      12,939,420     $ 
-       
Net loss .................................      
Share-based compensation ....      
-       
Proceeds from stock options 
exercises ...............................      
Exercise of common 
warrants, net of costs ............      
Issuance of common stock- 
Aspire financing, 
  net of issuance costs 
Issuance of common stock- 
AGP At The 
  Market offering, net of 
issuance costs ........................      29,522,389       
Issuance of shares in 
acquisition.............................      
Acquisition of treasury stock      
Other comprehensive 
gain/(loss) .............................      
-       
Balance, April 30, 2021 ........      52,479,051       

361,991       
-       

     8,747,251       

175,500       

732,500       

5        (3,770 )   $ 
-       
-       
-       
-       

(301)   $  226,026     $ 
-       
340       

-      
-      

(209,784 )   $ 
(10,352 )     
-       

(171 )     
-       
-       

15,775   
(10,352 ) 
340   

-       

1       

1       

-       

-       

-       

-      

-      

-      

-       

(17 )     

294       

1       

-       

-      

1,020       

-       

-       

-       

-       

5       
-       
-       

-       
(481 )     
-       
13        (4,251 )   $ 
-       
-       

-       
-       

-      
(1)     
-      

3,438       
-       
-       
(302)   $  231,101     $ 
-       
721       

-      
-      

-       

1       

-       

-       

-      

184       

-      

2,818       

8       

-       

-      

14,384       

30       

-       

-      

66,136       

-       
-       
-       (16,789 )     

-      
(36)     

477       
-       

-       
-       
-       
(220,136 )   $ 
(14,760 )     
-       

-       

-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       

-   

(16 ) 

295   

-       

1,021   

-       
-       
(12 )     
(183 )   $ 
-       
-       

-       

-       

3,443   
(1 ) 
(12 ) 
10,493   
(14,760 ) 
721   

184   

2,819   

-       

14,392   

-       

-       
-       

66,166   

477   
(36 ) 

-       

-       
52       (21,040 )     

-      

-       
(338)      315,821       

-       
(234,896 )     

12       
(171 )     

12   
80,468   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 

F-7 

 
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
        
        
        
       
        
        
        
    
    
        
        
        
       
        
        
        
    
    
        
        
        
       
        
        
        
    
    
        
        
        
       
        
        
        
    
 
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(in thousands) 

Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net loss ..........................................................................................................     $ 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: 

(14,760)    $ 

(10,352 ) 

Foreign exchange (gain)/loss .....................................................................       
Depreciation of fixed assets .......................................................................       
Amortization of intangibles .......................................................................       
Amortization of right of use asset ..............................................................       
Compensation expense related to equity compensation .............................       
Gain due to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities .........................       
Performance obligation shares compensation ............................................       
Net effect from disposal of property, plant and equipment ........................       
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition: 

Accounts receivable ...............................................................................       
Contract assets .......................................................................................       
Other assets ............................................................................................       
Accounts payable ...................................................................................       
Accrued expenses ..................................................................................       
Litigation payable ..................................................................................       
Change in lease liability .........................................................................       
Contract liabilities ..................................................................................       
Net cash used in operating activities ..................................................       

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Cash acquired in acquisition ..........................................................................       
Purchase of property, plant and equipment ....................................................       
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ............................       

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Proceeds from Paycheck Protection Program Loan .......................................       
Proceeds from loan payable ...........................................................................       
Payment of loan payable ................................................................................       
Proceeds from stock option exercises ............................................................       
Payment of payroll taxes related to stock option exercises ............................       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock- Aspire financing net of issuance 
costs ...............................................................................................................       
Proceeds from issuance of common stock- AGP At The Market offering, 
net of issuance costs .......................................................................................       
Proceeds associated with exercise of common stock warrants ......................       
Proceeds (costs) associated with exercise of pre-funded warrants.................       
Acquisition of treasury stock .........................................................................       
Net cash provided by financing activities ..........................................       
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash .       
Net increase/(decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted 
cash ....................................................................................................       
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year ...........................       
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year .....................................     $ 

Supplemental disclosure of noncash operating activities: 
Prepaid financing costs reported in accrued expenses .......................................     $ 

Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities: 

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment through accounts payable ......     $ 
Common stock issued for payment of commitment fee .................................     $ 
Issuance of stock for acquisition ....................................................................     $ 

(15)      
143       
6       
223       
721       
-       
60       
2       

(245)      
61       
106       
441       
761       
1,224       
(237)      
(165)      
(11,674)      

100       
(26)      
74       

890       
467       
(467)      
184       
(245)      

14,393       

66,166       
2,818       
-       
(36)      
84,170       
134       

72,704       
10,930       
83,634     $ 

-     $ 

6     $ 
-     $ 
477     $ 

12   
158   
-   
197   
340   
(6 ) 
-   
-   

(42 ) 
(236 ) 
251   
(92 ) 
(585 ) 
-   
(201 ) 
(23 ) 
(10,579 ) 

-   
(65 ) 
(65 ) 

-   
-   
-   
-   
-   

1,021   

3,443   
-   
(16 ) 
(1 ) 
4,447   
(32 ) 

(6,229 ) 
17,159   
10,930   

7   

-   
295   
-   

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

F-8 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
        
    
     
        
    
     
        
    
     
        
    
     
        
    
  
     
        
    
     
        
    
  
     
        
    
     
        
    
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

(1) Background and Liquidity 

(a) Background 

Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  was  founded  in  1984  in  New  Jersey,  commenced  business 
operations in 1994 and re-incorporated in Delaware in 2007. We are a complete solutions provider, controlling the design, 
manufacturing, sales, installation, operations and maintenance of our products while working closely with partners that 
provide  payloads,  integration  services,  and  marine  installation  capabilities.  Our  solutions  provide  distributed offshore 
power which is persistent, reliable, and economical along with power and communications for remote surface and subsea 
applications. Since fiscal 2002, government agencies have accounted for a significant portion of the Company’s revenues. 
These revenues were largely for the support of product development efforts relating to our technology. Today our goal is 
to generate the majority of our revenue from the sale or lease of products and solutions, and sales of services to support 
our business operations. As we continue to develop and commercialize our products and services, we expect to have a net 
decrease in cash due to the use of cash from operating activities unless and until we achieve positive cash flow from the 
commercialization of products, solutions and services. 

(b) Liquidity 

For Fiscal 2021 

In  fiscal  2021,  the  Company  incurred  a  net  loss  of  approximately  $14.8  million  and  used  cash  in  operations  of 
approximately $11.7 million. The Company has continued to make investments in ongoing product development efforts in 
anticipation  of  future  growth.  The  Company’s  future  results  of  operations  involve  significant  risks  and  uncertainties. 
Factors  that  could  affect  the  Company’s  future  operating  results  and  cause  actual  results  to  vary  materially  from 
expectations include, but are not limited to, performance of its products, its ability to market and commercialize its products 
and new products that it may develop, technology development, scalability of technology and production, dependence on 
skills of key personnel, concentration of customers and suppliers, deployment risks and integration of acquisitions, pending 
or threatened litigation, and the impact of COVID-19 on its business. The Company currently has committed sources of 
equity financing  through its At  the Market  Offering Agreement  with A.G.P/Alliance Global  Partners  (“AGP”)  and  the 
Aspire Capital financing (see Note 11), but the Company cannot be sure that additional equity and/or debt financing will 
be available to the Company as needed on acceptable terms, or at all. Management believes the Company’s current cash 
balance of $83.4 million is sufficient to fund its planned expenditures through at least July 31, 2022. 

For Fiscal 2020 

The below disclosure describes the Company’s liquidity as of April 30, 2020 and is being included within this report 
as a requirement in relation to the Company changing external auditors in the current year. As our previous auditors are 
still required to opine on the information related to 2020, which they audited, and because their audit report makes reference 
to this disclosure, it has been included below. 

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  April  30,  2020  were  prepared  assuming  the  Company 
would  continue  as  a  going  concern.  The  Company  had  previously  experienced  substantial  and  recurring  losses  from 
operations, which had contributed to an accumulated deficit of $220.1 million at April 30, 2020. At April 30, 2020, the 
Company had approximately $10.9 million in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on hand. On  May 5, 2020, the 
Company received $0.9 million proceeds from the PPP Loan (see Note 9 to these Consolidated Financial Statements for 
more information). The Company generated revenues of only $1.7 million during the year ended April 30, 2020. Based on 
the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances as of April 30, 2020 plus the subsequent proceeds from 
the PPP Loan, the Company believed that it would be able to finance its capital requirements and operations into the quarter 
ending  April  30,  2021.  The  Company  required  additional  equity  and/or  debt  financing  to  continue  its  operations.  The 
Company could not provide assurances that it would be able to secure the additional funding when needed or at all, or, if 
secured,  that  such  funding  would  be  on  favorable  terms.  As  of  June  29,  2020,  the  issuance  date  of  the  Company’s 
consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  April  30,  2020,  these  factors  raised  substantial  doubt  about  the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Management’s  plan  in  regard  to  these  factors  at  the  time  included  evaluating  different  strategies  to  obtain  the 
required additional funding for future operations. These strategies included, but are not limited to, continued pursuit of 
business opportunities; additional funding from current and /or new investors, officers and directors; borrowings of debt; 
a public offering of the Company’s equity or debt securities; partnerships and/or collaborations. As of June 29, 2020, there 
was no assurance that any of these future-funding efforts would be successful. 

F-9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a result of this, the consolidated financial statements as of April 30, 2020 were prepared on a going concern 
basis, which contemplated the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. These 
consolidated  financial  statements  did  not  include  any  adjustments  relating  to  the  recoverability  and  classification  of 
recorded  assets  amounts  or  the  amounts  and  classification  of  liabilities  that  might  result  from  the  outcome  of  this 
uncertainty. 

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a) Consolidation 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned 

subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

(b) Use of Estimates 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make a number 
of  estimates  and  assumptions  relating  to  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such 
estimates and assumptions include estimated costs to complete projects and percentage of completion of customer contracts 
for purposes of revenue recognition. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

(c) Business Combinations 

The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”)  No.  2015-16,  Business  Combinations  (Topic  805).  The  Company  allocates  the  fair  value  of  consideration 
transferred in a business combination to the estimated fair value at the acquisition date of the tangible and intangible assets 
acquired as well as the liabilities assumed. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred. Any excess consideration transferred 
is recorded as goodwill and in instances where the fair value of consideration transferred is less than the estimated fair 
value of tangible and intangible assets acquired less liabilities assumed, such amounts are recorded as a gain on the bargain 
purchase. 

(d) Revenue Recognition 

A performance obligation is the unit of account for revenue recognition. The Company assesses the goods or services 
promised in a contract with a customer and identifies as a performance obligation either: a) a good or service (or a bundle 
of goods or services) that is distinct; or b) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have 
the same pattern of transfer to the customer. A contract may contain a single or multiple performance obligations. For 
contracts  with  multiple  performance  obligations,  the  Company  allocates  the  contracted  transaction  price  to  each 
performance obligation based upon the relative standalone selling price, which represents the price the Company would 
sell a promised good or service separately to a customer. The Company determines the standalone selling price based upon 
the facts and circumstances of each obligated good or service. The majority of the Company’s contracts have no observable 
standalone selling price since the associated products and services are customized to customer specifications. As such, the 
standalone selling price generally reflects the Company’s forecast of the total cost to satisfy the performance obligation 
plus an appropriate profit margin. 

The nature of the Company’s contracts may give rise to several types of variable considerations, including unpriced 
change orders and liquidated damages and penalties. Variable consideration can also arise from modifications to the scope 
of services. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal 
of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur once the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. 
Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include such amounts in the transaction price are 
based largely on our assessment of legal enforceability, performance and any other information (historical, current, and 
forecasted)  that  is  reasonably  available  to  us.  There  was  no  variable  consideration  as  of  April  30,  2021  and  2020. 
Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  2016-10  provides  a  practical  expedient  in  Accounting  Standards  Committee 
(“ASC”) 606-10-25-18B that permits presentation of shipping and handling costs, that occur after control of the promised 
goods or services transfer to the customer, as fulfillment costs rather than evaluating whether the shipping and handling 
activities are promised services to the customer. The Company adopted this practical expedient. 

F-10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company recognizes revenue when or as it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a good or service 
to a customer, either (1) at a point in time or (2) over time. A good or service is transferred when or as the customer obtains 
control. The evaluation of whether control of each performance obligation is transferred at a point in time or over time is 
made at contract inception. Input measures such as costs incurred or time elapsed are utilized to assess progress against 
specific contractual performance obligations for the Company’s services. The selection of the method to measure progress 
towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For the Company, the 
input  method  using  costs  incurred  or  time  elapsed  best  represents  the  measure  of  progress  against  the  performance 
obligations  incorporated  within  the  contractual  agreements.  If  estimated  total  costs  on  any  contract  project  a  loss,  the 
Company charges the entire estimated loss to operations in the period the loss becomes known. The cumulative effect of 
revisions to revenue, estimated costs to complete contracts, including penalties, incentive awards, change orders, claims, 
anticipated losses, and others are recorded in the accounting period in which the events indicating a loss are known and the 
loss can be reasonably estimated. These loss projects are re-assessed for each subsequent reporting period until the project 
is complete. Such revisions could occur at any time and the effects may be material. 

The Company’s contracts are either cost plus or fixed price contracts. Under cost plus contracts, customers are billed 
for actual expenses incurred plus an agreed-upon fee. Under cost plus contracts, a profit or loss on a project is recognized 
depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount. 

The  Company  has  two  types  of  fixed  price  contracts,  firm  fixed  price  and  cost-sharing.  Under  firm  fixed  price 
contracts, the Company receives an agreed-upon amount for providing products and services specified in the contract, a 
profit or loss is recognized depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount. Under cost-
sharing contracts, the fixed amount agreed upon with the customer is only intended to fund a portion of the costs on a 
specific project. Under cost sharing contracts, an amount corresponding to the revenue is recorded in cost of revenues, 
resulting in gross profit on these contracts of zero. The Company’s share of the costs is recorded as product development 
expense.  The  Company  reports  its  disaggregation  of  revenue  by  contract  type  since  this  method  best  represents  the 
Company’s business. For the twelve-month periods ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, all of the Company’s contracts were 
classified as firm fixed price. 

As of April 30, 2021, the Company’s total remaining performance obligations, also referred to as backlog, totaled 
$0.2  million.  The  Company  expects  to  recognize  approximately  100%,  or  $0.2  million,  of  the  remaining  performance 
obligations as revenue over the next twelve months. 

The Company also enters into lease arrangements for its PB3 with certain customers. Revenue related to multiple-
element arrangements is allocated to lease and non-lease elements based on their relative standalone selling prices or 
expected cost plus a margin approach. Lease elements generally include a PB3 and components, while non-lease elements 
generally include engineering, monitoring and support services. In the lease arrangement, the customer is provided an 
option to extend the lease term or purchase the leased PB3 at some point during and/or at the end of the lease term. 

The  Company  classifies  leases  as  either  operating  or  financing  in  accordance  with  the  authoritative  accounting 
guidance contained within ASC Topic 842, “Leases”. At inception of the contract, the Company evaluates the lease against 
the lease classification criteria within ASC Topic 842. If the direct financing or sales-type classification criteria are met, 
then the lease is accounted for as a finance lease. All others are treated as an operating lease. 

The Company recognizes revenue from operating lease arrangements generally on a straight-line basis over the 
lease term and is presented in Revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The lease income for the twelve 
months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 was immaterial. 

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Security Agreements 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be 
cash equivalents. The Company invests excess cash in a money market account. The following table summarizes cash and 
cash equivalents for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

Checking and savings accounts .............................................................     $ 
Money market account ..........................................................................       
   $ 

1,850      $ 
81,178        
83,028      $ 

1,551   
8,451   
10,002   

   April 30, 2021        April 30, 2020    
(in thousands) 

F-11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
  
 
 
Restricted Cash and Security Agreements 

The Company has two agreements with Santander Bank, N.A. (“Santander”). Cash is on deposit at Santander and 
serves as security for a letter of credit issued by Santander for the lease of warehouse/office space in Monroe Township, 
New Jersey. This agreement cannot be extended beyond July 31, 2025 and is cancelable at the discretion of the bank. 
Santander  also  issued  two  letters  of  credit  to  subsidiaries  of  Enel  Green  Power  (“EGP”)  pursuant  to  the  Company’s 
contracts with EGP. The first letter of credit was issued in the amount of $125,690 that will be released 12 months after 
the PB3 is fully deployed. The second letter of credit was issued in the amount of $645,467 and reduced to $322,734 in 
August  2020.  The  second  letter  of  credit  will  be  reduced  to  $64,547  once  the  PB3  is  fully  deployed  and  passes  final 
acceptance  testing.  The  remaining  restricted  amount  of  $606,055  will  be  released  12  months  after  the  buoy  is  fully 
deployed. 

The  following  table  provides  a  reconciliation  of  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  reported  within  the 
Statement of Financial Position that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Statement of Cash Flows for 
the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

   April 30, 2021        April 30, 2020    
(in thousands) 

Cash and cash equivalents .....................................................................     $ 
Restricted cash- short term ....................................................................       
Restricted cash- long term .....................................................................       
   $ 

83,028      $ 
384        
222        
83,634      $ 

10,002   
707   
221   
10,930   

(f) Property and Equipment 

Property  and  equipment  is  stated  at  cost,  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  amortization.  Depreciation  and 
amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (three to seven years) of the assets. 
Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the 
asset or the remaining lease term. Expenses for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Property 
and equipment is also reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of 
the carrying amount of the asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the 
carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, then an impairment charge is recognized in the amount 
by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. 

Description 

   Estimated useful life 

Equipment 
Computer equipment & software 
Office furniture & fixtures 
Equipment under capitalized lease 
Leasehold improvements 

(g) Foreign Exchange Gains and Losses 

   5 - 7 years 
   3 years 
   3 - 7 years 
   Over the life of the lease 
   Shorter of the estimated useful life or lease term 

The Company maintains cash accounts that are denominated in British pound sterling, Euros and Australian dollars. 
These  amounts  are  included  in  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  on  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance 
Sheets.  Such  positions  may  result  in  realized  and  unrealized  foreign  exchange  gains  or  losses  from  exchange  rate 
fluctuations,  which  are  included  in  “Foreign  exchange  gain/(loss)”  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations. 

(h) Concentration of Credit Risk 

Financial  instruments  that  potentially  subject  the  Company  to  credit  risk  consist  principally  of  trade  accounts 
receivable and cash. The Company believes that its credit risk is limited because the Company’s current contracts are with 
companies with a reliable payment history. The Company invests its excess cash in a money market fund and does not 
believe that it is exposed to any significant risks related to its cash accounts and money market fund. Cash is also maintained 
at foreign financial institutions. Cash in foreign financial institutions as of April 30, 2021 was $0.3 million. 

F-12 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
  
 
 
  
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  table  below  shows  the  percentage  of  the  Company’s  revenues  derived  from  customers  whose  revenues 

accounted for at least 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenues for at least one of the periods indicated: 

Customer 

   Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

Eni S.p.A. .............................................................................................       
EGP ......................................................................................................       
Other (no customer over 10%) .............................................................       

22 %      
61 %      
17 %      
100 %      

10 % 
72 % 
18 % 
100 % 

The loss of, or a significant reduction in revenues from a current customer could significantly impact the Company’s 

financial position or results of operations. The Company does not require its customers to maintain collateral. 

(i) Warrant Accounting 

The Company accounts for warrants issued in connection with its public offerings in accordance with the guidance 
on  “Accounting  for  Certain  Financial  Instruments  with  Characteristics  of  Both  Liabilities  and  Equity”  in  Financial 
Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Topic 480 which provides that warrants meeting the classification of a liability 
award are recorded as a liability at its fair value. The warrant liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet 
date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company recognizes any change in fair value in its Consolidated 
Statements of Operations within “Gain due to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities”. The Company will continue 
to adjust the carrying value of the warrants for changes in the estimated fair value until such time as these instruments are 
exercised  or  expire.  At  that  time,  the  liabilities  will  be  reclassified  to  “Additional  paid-in  capital”,  a  component  of 
“Stockholders’ equity” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The warrants issued in connection with the Company’s public 
offerings in June and July 2016 met the criteria of a liability award and were classified in warrant liabilities. The pre-funded 
and common warrants issued in the Company’s April 8, 2019 public offering did not meet the criteria to be classified as a 
liability award and therefore were treated as an equity award. 

(j) Net Loss per Common Share 

Basic  and  diluted  net  loss  per  share  for  all  periods  presented  is  computed  by  dividing  net  loss  by  the  weighted 
average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. The pre-funded 
warrants were determined to be common stock equivalents and have been included in the weighted average number of 
shares outstanding for calculation of the basic earnings per share number. Due to the Company’s net losses, potentially 
dilutive securities, consisting of options to purchase shares of common stock, warrants on common stock and unvested 
restricted stock issued to employees and non-employee directors, were excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation 
due to their anti-dilutive effect. 

In computing diluted net loss per share on the Consolidated Statement of Operations, warrants on common stock, 
options to purchase shares of common stock and unvested restricted stock issued to employees and non-employee directors, 
totaling 5,163,020 and 5,564,438 for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, were excluded from each of 
the computations as the effect would be anti-dilutive due to the Company’s losses. 

(k) Share-Based Compensation 

Costs resulting from all share-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements at 
their fair values. The aggregate share-based compensation expense recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations 
for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $0.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The following 
table summarizes share-based compensation related to the Company’s share-based plans by expense category for the years 
ended April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

   Twelve months ended April 30,    

2021 

2020 

(in thousands) 

Engineering and product development ..................................................     $ 
Selling, general and administrative .......................................................       
Total share-based compensation expense..............................................     $ 

376      $ 
405        
781      $ 

89   
251   
340   

F-13 

 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
        
  
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
 
 
(l) Intangibles 

Intangible  assets  acquired  in  a  business  combination  are  recognized  separately  from  goodwill  and  are  initially 
recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date (which is regarded as their cost) (See also Note 18). Intangible assets 
are amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset on a basis that approximates the pattern of economic benefit. The 
trade name and customer relationship intangible are being amortized over 12 years and 10 years respectively, which is 
consistent with the pattern of economic benefit of the assets. 

Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment if indicators of potential impairment exist. There was no indication of 

impairment of intangible assets as of April 30, 2021. 

(m) Income Taxes 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized 
for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing 
assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary 
differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards are expected to be recovered, settled or utilized. In assessing 
the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of 
the deferred tax assets will not be realized. If such event occurs, a valuation allowance is recorded. The effect on deferred 
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. 

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being 
sustained upon examination. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% 
likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment 
occurs.  The  Company records  interest related  to  unrecognized  tax benefits in  interest expense  and penalties  in  selling, 
general, and administrative expenses, to the extent incurred. 

(n) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 

The functional currency for the Company’s foreign operations is the applicable local currency. The translation from 
the applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using the exchange rates in effect 
at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using an average exchange rate during the period. The 
unrealized gains or losses resulting from such translation are included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within 
Stockholders’ Equity. 

(o) Recently Issued Accounting Standards 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - 
Credit  Losses  (Topic  326),  Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  on  Financial  Instruments.”  The  amendment  in  this  update 
replaces  the  incurred  loss  impairment  methodology  in  current GAAP  with  a  methodology  that reflects  expected  credit 
losses on instruments within its scope, including trade receivables. This update is intended to provide financial statement 
users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued No. 
2019-10,  Financial  Instruments—Credit  Losses  (Topic 326),  Derivatives  and  Hedging  (Topic  815),  and  Leases  (Topic 
842), which deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for Smaller Reporting Companies for fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact 
the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements. 

In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-13,  “Fair  Value  Measurement  (Topic  820).”  The  ASU  modifies, 
removes, and adds several disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. 
ASU 2018-13 is effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after 
December  15,  2019.  The  amendments  on  changes  in  unrealized  gains  and  losses,  the  range  and  weighted  average  of 
significant  unobservable  inputs  used  to  develop  Level  3  fair  value  measurements,  and  the  narrative  description  of 
measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in 
the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon 
their effective date. Early adoption is permitted upon issuance of ASU 2018-13. An entity is permitted to early adopt any 
removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until 
their effective date. The Company adopted this guidance effective May 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have 
a material effect on its Consolidated Financial Statements. 

F-14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-15,  “Intangibles  —  Goodwill  and  Other  —  Internal-Use  Software 
(Subtopic 350-40).” The ASU provides for the recognition of an intangible asset for the costs of internal-use software 
licenses included in a cloud computing arrangement. Costs of arrangements that do not include a software license should 
be accounted for as a service contract and expensed as incurred. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December  15,  2019,  with  early  adoption  permitted.  The  ASU  permits  two  methods  of  adoption:  prospectively  to  all 
implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption, or retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented. The 
Company adopted this guidance on a prospective basis effective May 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have 
a material effect on its Consolidated Financial Statements. 

(3) Account Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities 

The following provides further details on the balance sheet accounts of accounts receivable, contract assets, and 

contract liabilities. 

Accounts Receivable 

The Company grants credit to its customers, generally without collateral, under normal payment terms (typically 30 
to 60 days after invoicing). Generally, invoicing occurs after the related services are performed or control of good has 
transferred  to  the  customer.  Accounts  receivable  represents  an  unconditional  right  to  consideration  arising  from  the 
Company’s performance under contracts with customers. The carrying value of such receivables represent their estimated 
realizable value. 

Contract Assets 

Significant changes in the contract assets balances during the period are as follows: 

Twelve months 
ended 
April 30, 2021 
(in thousands) 

Transferred to receivables from contract assets recognized at the beginning of the 
period ............................................................................................................................     $ 
Revenue recognized and not billed as of the end of the period .....................................       
Net change in contract assets ........................................................................................     $ 

(251 ) 
190   
(61 ) 

Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from arrangements whereby the right to payment is 
conditioned on completing  additional tasks or services for a performance obligation. The decrease in contract assets is 
primarily a result of services performed relating to our project with EGP that was billed during the twelve months ended 
April 30, 2021. 

Contract Liabilities 

Significant changes in the contract liabilities balances during the period are as follows: 

Twelve months 
ended 
April 30, 2021 
(in thousands) 

Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of the 
beginning of the period .................................................................................................     $ 
Transferred to contract assets from contract liabilities recognized at the beginning of 
the period ......................................................................................................................       
Net change in contract liabilities ...................................................................................     $ 

(159 ) 

(6 ) 
(165 ) 

Contract  liabilities  consist  of  amounts  invoiced  to  customers  in  excess  of  revenue  recognized.  The  decrease  in 
contract liabilities is primarily due to recognition of revenue relating to our Eni S.p.A. (“Eni”) project during the twelve 
months ended April 30, 2021. 

F-15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
    
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
    
 
 
 
(4) Other Current Assets 

Other current assets consist of the following at April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

   April 30, 2021 

     April 30, 2020 

(in thousands) 

Deposits ....................................................................................................    $ 
Other receivables ......................................................................................      
Prepaid insurance ......................................................................................      
Prepaid offering costs ...............................................................................      
Prepaid expenses- other ............................................................................      
   $ 

68      $ 
21        
194        
-        
204        
487      $ 

60   
2   
124   
275   
127   
588   

(5) Property and Equipment 

The components of property and equipment as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following: 

   April 30, 2021       April 30, 2020    
(in thousands) 

Equipment .................................................................................................    $ 
Computer equipment & software ..............................................................      
Office furniture & equipment ...................................................................      
Leasehold improvements ..........................................................................      
Construction in process .............................................................................      
   $ 
Less: accumulated depreciation ................................................................      
   $ 

291        
498        
341        
474        
15        
1,619      $ 
(1,213 )      
406      $ 

342   
486   
339   
474   
15   
1,656   
(1,157 ) 
499   

Depreciation expense was approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, 

respectively. 

(6) Leases 

Lessor Information 

See note 2, (d) Revenue Recognition for information on lessor accounting. 

Lessee Information 

The  Company  has  one  lease  for  its  facility  located  in  Monroe  Township,  New  Jersey  that  is  used  as 
warehouse/production space and the Company’s principal offices and corporate headquarters. The initial lease term is 
for 7 years  with  an option  to extend  the  lease  for  another 5 years. The  lease is classified  as  an operating  lease. The 
operating  lease  is  included  in  right-of-use  assets,  lease  liabilities-  current  and  lease  liabilities-  long-term  on  the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

The Company also has one lease located in Houston, Texas that was acquired as part of the 3Dent acquisition that 
is used as office space. The lease term is for 3 years, classified as an operating lease, and included in the right-of-use 
assets, lease liabilities- current and lease liabilities- long-term on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

The Company has one lease for an additional office space also located in Houston, Texas. The lease has a term of 
12 month ending on June 30, 2022. As the lease term is 12 months, the assets is recognized directly to the profit and loss 
statement on a straight-line bases under ASC 842-20-25-2 and is not recognized as a right-of-use asset. 

Right-of-use asset and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease 
payments over the lease term at the commencement date. When the implicit rate of the lease is not provided or cannot be 
determined, the Company used the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the effective date to 
determine the present value of future payments. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when 
it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. The renewal options have not been included in the 
lease term as they are not reasonably certain of exercise. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a 
straight- line basis over the lease term and consists of interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right of 
use asset. Variable lease expenses, if any, are recorded as incurred. The operating lease expense in the Consolidated 
Statement of Operations was $0.3 million for the twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020. 

F-16 

 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
         
    
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The components of lease expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the twelve months ended April 

30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows: 

   Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

Operating lease cost ..................................................................................     $ 
Short-term lease cost ................................................................................       
Total lease cost .........................................................................................     $ 

330      $ 
17        
347      $ 

317   
-   
317   

Information related to the Company’s right-of use assets and lease liabilities as of April 30, 2021 is as follows: 

   April 30, 2021 
(in thousands) 

Operating lease: 
Operating right-of-use asset, net ...................................................................................     $ 

Right-of-use liability- current ...................................................................................       
Right-of-use liability- long term ...............................................................................       
Total lease liability ........................................................................................................     $ 

1,036   

347   
819   
1,166   

Weighted average remaining lease term- operating leases ............................................       
Weighted average discount rate- operating leases.........................................................       

3.34 years   

8.1 % 

Total remaining lease payments under the Company’s operating leases are as follows: 

April 30, 2021 
(in thousands) 

2022 ..............................................................................................................................       
2023 ..............................................................................................................................       
2024 ..............................................................................................................................       
2025 ..............................................................................................................................       
Total future minimum lease payments ..........................................................................     $ 
Less imputed interest ....................................................................................................       
Total ..............................................................................................................................     $ 

393   
391   
362   
184   
1,330   
(163 ) 
1,167   

(7) Accrued Expenses 

Accrued expenses consisted of the following at April 30, 2021 and 2020: 

   April 30, 2021 

      April 30, 2020 

(in thousands) 

Project costs .......................................................................................................     $ 
Contract loss reserve ..........................................................................................       
Employee incentive payments ...........................................................................       
Accrued salary and benefits ...............................................................................       
Legal and accounting fees ..................................................................................       
Accrued taxes payable .......................................................................................       
Other ..................................................................................................................       
   $ 

368     $ 
328       
283       
631       
200       
-       
71       
1,881     $ 

48   
216   
-   
483   
283   
177   
146   
1,353   

F-17 

 
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
     
       
  
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
    
     
    
  
     
    
  
     
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
    
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
        
    
  
 
 
(8) Warrants 

Liability Classified Warrants 

On June 2, 2016, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement, which was amended on June 7, 2016 
(as amended, the “June Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional purchasers (the “June Purchasers”). Pursuant to 
the terms of the June Purchase Agreement, the Company sold an aggregate of 20,850 shares of common stock together 
with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,298 shares of common stock. Each share of common stock was sold 
together with a warrant to purchase 0.35 of a share of common stock at a combined purchase price of $92.00. The warrants 
have an exercise price of $121.60 per share, became exercisable on December 3, 2016 (“Initial Exercise Date”), and will 
expire five years following the Initial Exercise Date. As of April 30, 2021, none of the warrants had been exercised. 

On  July  22,  2016,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Second  Amendment  to  the  Purchase  Agreement  (the  “Second 
Amended Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional purchasers (the “July Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the 
Second Amended Purchase Agreement, the Company sold an aggregate of 29,750 shares of common stock together with 
warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 8,925 shares of common stock. Each share of common stock was sold together 
with a warrant to purchase 0.30 of a share of common stock at a combined purchase price of $135.00. The Warrants were 
exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $187.20 per share. The warrants will expire on the fifth (5th) anniversary 
of the initial date of issuance. As of April 30, 2021, none of the warrants had been exercised. 

Equity Classified Warrants 

On  April 8,  2019,  the  Company  issued  and sold  1,542,000 shares of  common  stock  and pre-funded  warrants  to 
purchase up to 3,385,680 shares of common stock and common warrants to purchase up to 4,927,680 shares of our common 
stock in an underwritten public offering. The public offering price for the pre-funded warrants was equal to the public 
offering price of the common stock, less the $0.01 per share exercise price of each warrant. The pre-funded warrants have 
no expiration date. As of April 30, 2021, all of the pre-funded warrants had been exercised. The common stock warrants 
have an exercise price of $3.85 per share and expire five years from the issuance date. As of April 30, 2021, warrants to 
purchase 732,500 shares of the common stock had been exercised. 

The  Company  accounts  for  warrants  issued  in  connection  with  its  June  and  July  2016  public  offerings  in 
accordance with the guidance on “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities 
and Equity” in Topic 480 which provides that the Company classify the warrant instruments as a liability at its fair value. 
The warrant liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date using the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. The June and July 2016 warrants contain a feature whereby they could require the transfer of assets and therefore 
are classified as a liability award in accordance with the guidance in Topic 480. The warrants have a value near zero at 
April 30, 2021 and April 30, 2020 and are reflected within “Warrant liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The 
pre-funded and common warrants issued in the Company’s April 8, 2019 public offering did not meet the criteria to be 
classified as a liability award and therefore were treated as an equity award and recorded as a component of stockholders’ 
equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

(9) Paycheck Protection Program Loan 

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Government passed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security 
Act, or the (“CARES Act”). On May 3, 2020, the Company signed a  Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan with 
Santander Bank, N.A. (“Santander”) as the lender for $890,347 in support through the Small Business Association (“SBA”) 
under the PPP Loan. The PPP Loan is unsecured and evidenced by a note in favor of Santander as the lender and governed 
by a Loan Agreement with Santander. The loan contains an interest rate of 1% and is repayable over two years. The loan 
contains customary events of defaults relating to, among other things, payment defaults or breaches of the terms of the 
loan. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the lender may require immediate repayment of all outstanding amounts 
under the loan. Interest and principal payments are deferred for the first 6 months from the date of the loan. Principal and 
interest are payable monthly commencing 6 months after the disbursement date and may be repaid by the Company at any 
time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. The Company received the proceeds on May 5, 2020. 

The Company filed its loan forgiveness application at the end of February 2021 asking for 100% forgiveness of 

the loan. In June 2021, the Company was informed that its application was approved, and the loan is now fully forgiven. 

(10) Preferred Stock 

The Company has authorized 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. 

As of April 30, 2021, and 2020, no shares of preferred stock had been issued. 

F-18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(11) Common Stock 

As of April 30, 2021, the Company had 100,000,000 shares authorized with a par value of $0.001 per share and 

52,458,011 shares issued. 

At the Market Offering Agreements 

On January 7, 2019, the Company entered into the 2019 ATM Facility with AGP, under which the Company may 
issue and sell to or through A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the Company’s 
common  stock  having  an  aggregate  offering  price  of  up  to  $25.0  million.  From  inception  of  the  program  through  its 
termination on December 8, 2020, under the 2019 ATM Facility, the Company sold and issued an aggregate of 17,595,472 
shares of its common stock with an aggregate market value of $23.4 million at an average price of $1.33 per share, including 
12,342,506 shares in fiscal year 2021 with an aggregate market value of $18.7 million at an average price of $1.51 per 
share and paid AGP a sales commission of approximately $0.8 million related to those shares. The agreement was fully 
utilized and terminated on December 8, 2020. 

On November 20, 2020, the Company entered into an At the Market Offering Agreement with AGP (the “2020 
ATM Facility”), having capacity up to $100.0 million. The Company on December 4, 2020 filed a prospectus with the 
Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  whereby,  the  Company  could  issue  and  sell  to  or  through  AGP,  acting  as  agent 
and/or principal, shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million. From 
inception of the 2020 ATM Facility through January 31, 2021, the Company had sold and issued an aggregate of 17,179,883 
shares of its common stock with an aggregate market value of $50.0 million at an average price of $2.91 per share and paid 
AGP a sales commission of approximately $1.6 million related to those shares. A prospectus supplement would need to be 
filed for the Company to sell additional amount under the 2020 ATM Facility. 

Equity Line Common Stock Purchase Agreements 

On October 24, 2019, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital which 
provided  that,  subject  to  certain  terms,  conditions  and  limitations,  Aspire  Capital  was  committed  to  purchase  up  to  an 
aggregate of $10.0 million of shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period. Through September 18, 
2020, the Company had sold an aggregate of 6,424,205 shares of common stock with an aggregate market value of $4.0 
million at an average price of $0.63 per share pursuant to this common stock purchase agreement, including 5,025,000 
shares  in  fiscal  year 2021  with  an  aggregate  market  value  of  $2.9  million  at  an  average  price  of  $0.57  per  share.  The 
agreement was fully utilized and terminated on September 18, 2020. 

On September 18, 2020, the Company entered into a new common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital 
which provided that, subject to certain terms, conditions and limitations, Aspire Capital was committed to purchase up to 
an aggregate of $12.5 million of shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period subject to a limit of 
19.99% of the outstanding common stock on the date of the agreement if the price did not exceed a specified price in the 
agreement. The number of shares the Company could issue within the 19.99% limit is 3,722,251 shares without shareholder 
approval. Shareholder approval was received at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders on December 23, 2020 for 
the sale of 9,864,706 additional shares of common stock which exceeds the 19.99% limit of the outstanding common stock 
on  the  date  of  the  agreement.  Through  January  31,  2021,  the  Company  had  sold  an  aggregate  of  3,722,251  shares  of 
common stock with an aggregate market value of $11.8 million at an average price of $3.17 per share pursuant to this 
common stock purchase agreement with approximately $1.0 million available as of April 30, 2021. 

(12) Treasury Shares 

During  the  years  ended  April  30,  2021  and  2020,  16,789  and  481  shares  of  Common  Stock,  respectively, were 

purchased by the Company from employees to pay taxes related to the vesting of restricted stock. 

(13) Share-Based Compensation Plans 

In 2015, upon approval by the Company’s stockholders, the Company’s 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2015 
Plan”) became effective. A total of 1,332,036 shares were authorized for issuance under the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan, 
including shares available for awards under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan remaining at the time that plan terminated, or 
that  were  subject  to  awards  under  the  2006  Stock  Incentive  Plan  that  thereafter  terminated  by  reason  of  expiration, 
forfeiture, cancellation or otherwise. If any award under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan or 2015 Plan expires, is cancelled, 
terminates unexercised or is forfeited, those shares become again available for grant under the 2015 Plan. The 2015 Plan 
will terminate ten years after its effective date, in October 2025, but is subject to earlier termination as provided in the 2015 
Plan. As of April 30, 2021, the Company had 197,166 shares available for future issuance under the 2015 Plan. 

F-19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On January 18, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Employment Inducement Incentive 
Award Plan (the “2018 Inducement Plan”) pursuant to which the Company reserved 25,000 shares of common stock for 
issuance under the Inducement Plan. In accordance with Rule 5635(c)(4) and Rule 5635(c)(3) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, 
awards  under  the  Inducement  Plan  may  only  be  made  to  individuals  not  previously  employees  of  the  Company  (or 
following such individuals’ bona fide period of non-employment with the Company), as an inducement material to the 
individuals’ entry into employment with the Company. An award is any right to receive the Company’s common stock 
pursuant to the 2018 Inducement Plan, consisting of a performance share award, restricted stock award, a restricted stock 
unit award or a stock payment award. As of April 30, 2021, there were 11,487 shares available for grant under the 2018 
Inducement Plan. 

Stock Options 

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option award granted with service-based vesting requirements, 
using  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model,  assuming  no  dividends,  and  using  the  weighted  average  valuation 
assumptions noted in the following table. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time 
of grant. The expected life (estimated period of time outstanding) of the stock options granted was estimated using the 
“simplified”  method  as  permitted  by  the  SEC’s  Staff  Accounting  Bulletin  No.  110,  Share-Based  Payment.  Expected 
volatility was based on the Company’s historical volatility over the expected life of the stock option granted. There were 
248,876 and 411,666 shares granted for the periods ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

Risk-free interest rate .....................................................................       
Expected dividend yield .................................................................       
Expected life (in years) ..................................................................       
Expected volatility .........................................................................       

0.6 %      
0.0 %      
5.5 - 5.8         

1.7 % 
0.0 % 

5.5 - 5.8   

136.5 %       127.6% - 128.2 % 

The above assumptions were used to determine the weighted average per share fair value of  $2.63 and $0.92 for stock 
options granted during the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

Shares 

   Underlying 

Options 

      Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

      Weighted 
Average 

      Remaining 
      Contractual 

Term 
(In Years) 

Outstanding as of April 30, 2020 ....................................       
Granted ...........................................................................       
Exercised ........................................................................       
Cancelled/forfeited .........................................................       
Outstanding as of April 30, 2021 ....................................       
Exercisable as of April 30, 2021 .....................................       

474,128      $ 
248,876      $ 
(175,500 )    $ 
(30,677 )    $ 
516,827      $ 
248,252      $ 

3.56        
2.93        
1.05        
7.31        
3.89        
5.07        

9.4   

9.0   
8.3   

As of April 30, 2021, the total intrinsic value for both outstanding and exercisable options was approximately $0.3 
million. As of April 30, 2021, approximately 268,575 additional options were unvested, which had an intrinsic value of 
zero  and  a  weighted  average  remaining  contractual  term  of  9.6  years.  There  was  approximately  $0.4  million  and  $0.3 
million of total recognized compensation cost related to stock options during each of the twelve months ended April 30, 
2021  and  2020,  respectively.  As  of  April  30,  2021,  there  was  approximately  $0.5  million  of  total  unrecognized 
compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over 
a weighted-average period of 1.4 years. 

Performance Stock Options 

In  January  of  2020,  the  Company  issued  81,337  performance-based  stock  options  to  two  of  its  executives.  The 
awards vest over 2 years if there is positive total shareholder return (e.g. share price increase) as measured to the 5-day 
(January  11-15,  2021)  and  (January  10-14,  2022)  share  price  volume  weighted  average  price  (“VWAP”).  There  were 
40,666  shares  unvested  and  outstanding  for  the  year  ended  April  30,  2021.  As  discussed  in  the  Note  20,  one  of  the 
executives, the President and CEO left the company as of June 18, 2021. 

F-20 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
        
  
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
In January of 2021, the Company issued 344,723 performance-based stock options to employees and executives. 
The awards vest over 2 years provided there is positive total shareholder return (e.g. share price increase) as measured to 
the closing share price on January 14, 2022 and January 14, 2023. There were 343,456 shares unvested and outstanding 
for the year ended April 30, 2021. 

The Company determined these awards contain a market- based condition and estimated the fair value using the 

Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions: 

   Twelve months ended April 30, 

2021 

2020 

1.2 %      
Risk-free interest rate ...........................................................................       
0.0 %      
Expected dividend yield .......................................................................       
Expected life (in years) ........................................................................       
10.0         
Expected volatility ...............................................................................        76.0%- 136.5 %      

2.3 % 
0.0 % 

10.0   
115.0 % 

The above assumptions were used to determine the weighted average per share fair value of $2.09 for performance 

stock options granted during the year ended April 30, 2021. 

A summary of performance stock options under our stock incentive plans is detailed in the following table. 

Shares 

   Underlying 

Options 

      Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

      Weighted 
Average 

      Remaining 
      Contractual 

Term 
(In Years) 

Outstanding as of April 30, 2020 ....................................       
Granted ...........................................................................       
Exercised ........................................................................       
Cancelled/forfeited .........................................................       
Outstanding as of April 30, 2021 ....................................       
Exercisable as of April 30, 2021 .....................................       

81,347      $ 
344,723      $ 
-      $ 
(1,280 )    $ 
424,790      $ 
40,668      $ 

1.05        
2.93        
-        
2.90        
2.57        
1.05        

9.7   

9.5   
8.7   

As of April 30, 2021, the total intrinsic value of both outstanding and exercisable performance stock options was 
approximately $0.1 million. As of April 30, 2021, approximately 384,122 additional options were unvested, which had an 
intrinsic value of $0.1 million and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 9.8 years. There was approximately 
$0.1 million and $10,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to performance stock options during each of the 
twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of April 30, 2021, there was approximately $0.6 million 
of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected 
to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. 

Restricted Stock 

Compensation expense for unvested restricted stock is generally recorded based on its market value on the date of 
grant and recognized ratably over the associated service and performance period. During the year ended April 30, 2021 
and 2020, the Company granted 10,000 and 13,513 shares subject to service-based vesting requirements. 

A summary of unvested restricted stock under our stock incentive plans is as follows: 

      Weighted 

Average Price 
per 
Share 

Number 
of Shares 

Issued and unvested at April 30, 2020 ...........................................       
Granted ...........................................................................................       
Vested ............................................................................................       
Cancelled/forfeited .........................................................................       
Issued and unvested at April 30, 2021 ...........................................       

13,513      $ 
10,000      $ 
(13,513 )    $ 
-      $ 
10,000      $ 

1.48   
2.93   
1.48   
-   
2.93   

F-21 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
        
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
       
  
 
 
There was approximately $49,000 and $15,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to restricted stock for 
the  years  ended  April  30,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  As  of  April  30,  2021,  there  was  $21,000  of  unrecognized 
compensation  cost  remaining  related  to  unvested  restricted  stock  granted  under  our  plans.  This  cost  is  expected  to  be 
recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.7 years. 

In  December  2019,  the  Company  granted  51,547  shares,  subject  to  service-based  vesting  requirements,  to  an 
employee that were granted outside the Company stock incentive plans. There was approximately $30,000 and $20,000 of 
total recognized compensation cost related to this award during each of the twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively. As of April 30, 2021, there is zero of unrecognized compensation cost remaining related to this award. 

(14) Fair Value Measurements 

ASC  Topic  820,”Fair  Value  Measurements”  states  that  fair  value  is  an  exit  price,  representing  the  amount  that 
would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the 
measurement date. Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value are reported using a three-level fair value hierarchy 
that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable input and minimizes 
the use of unobservable inputs. The following is a description of the three hierarchy levels. 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability 
to access at the measurement date. 

Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly 
or indirectly. 

Level 3 

Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability. 

Disclosure of Fair Values 

The Company’s financial instruments that are not re-measured at fair value include cash, cash equivalents, restricted 
cash, accounts receivable, contract assets and liabilities, deposits, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The carrying 
values of these financial instruments approximate their fair values and are viewed as Level 1 items. The Company’s warrant 
liabilities represent the only asset or liability classified financial instrument that is measured at fair value on a recurring 
basis. 

The fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities (refer to Note 8) is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model 
which is based on Level 3 unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring the Company to develop 
its own assumptions. The assumptions used by the Company are the quoted price of the Company’s common stock in an 
active market, risk-free interest rate, volatility and expected life, and assumes no dividends. Volatility is based on the actual 
market activity of the Company’s stock. The expected life is based on the remaining contractual term of the warrants and 
the risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury Securities with a maturity equivalent to 
the expected life of the warrants. The fair value on a recurring basis as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 was near zero. 

Unrealized  gains  of  approximately  zero  and  $6,000  for  the  twelve  months  ended  April  30,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively, were included within “Gain due to change in fair value of warrant liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements 
of Operations. The Company determined the fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following 
assumptions: 

   April 30, 2021 

      April 30, 2020    

Dividend rate ..................................................................................       
Risk-free rate ..................................................................................       
Expected life (years) ......................................................................       
Expected volatility .........................................................................       

0.0 %      
0.01% - 0.02 %      
0.2 - 0.6         
149.8 %      

0.0 % 
0.17% - 0.19 % 

1.2 - 1.6   

81.8% - 112.7 % 

Besides the unrealized gain in fair value, there was no other activity to the balances in warrant liabilities during the 

twelve months ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

Transfers into or out of any hierarchy level are recognized at the end of the reporting period in which the transfers 
occurred. There were no transfers between any hierarchy levels during each of the twelve months ended April 30, 2021 
and 2020. 

F-22 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
        
  
 
 
 
 
(15) Income Taxes 

Loss before income taxes for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following components: 

   April 30, 2021      April 30, 2020   
(in thousands) 

Domestic ...............................................................................................     $ 
Foreign ..................................................................................................       
Total loss before income taxes ..........................................................     $ 

(14,392 )    $ 
(368 )      
(14,760 )    $ 

(10,985 ) 
(262 ) 
(11,247 ) 

The income tax benefit for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 consisted of state income tax benefits of zero 
and $0.9 million in each year from the sale of New Jersey net operating losses and research and development credits. Note 
that the 2021 benefit was received in FY2022. 

Tax Rate Reconciliation 

The effective income tax rate differed from the percentages computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate 

for the periods ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 to loss before income taxes as a result of the following: 

   April 30, 2021    

   April 30, 2020    

Computed expected tax (benefit) ......................................................................       
Increase(reduction) in income taxes resulting from: 

State income taxes, net of federal (benefit) ...................................................       
Federal research and development tax credits ..............................................       
Foreign rate differential ................................................................................       
Other non-deductible expenses .....................................................................       
Proceeds of sale of New Jersey tax (benefits) ...............................................       
Other .............................................................................................................       
Increase in valuation allowance ....................................................................       
Income tax (benefit) ......................................................................................       

(21.0 )%      

(21.0 )% 

6.8 %      
(0.7 )%      
(1.3 )%      
(0.6 )%      
0.0 %      
2.3 %      
14.5 %      
0.0 %      

2.9 % 
(0.5 )% 
5.2 % 
0.0 % 
(8.0 )% 
5.2 % 
8.3 % 
(7.9 )% 

Significant Components of Deferred Taxes 

The tax effects of temporary differences and carry forwards that give rise to the Company’s deferred tax assets and 

deferred tax liabilities are presented below. 

   April 30, 2021       April 30, 2020    
(in thousands) 

Deferred tax assets: 

Federal net operating loss carryforwards .......................................................     $ 
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards .......................................................       
State operating loss carryforwards .................................................................       
Federal and New Jersey research and development tax credits .....................       
Stock compensation .......................................................................................       
Accrued expenses ..........................................................................................       
Other ..............................................................................................................       
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance .......................................       
Valuation allowance ......................................................................................       
Deferred tax assets .........................................................................................       

36,340     $ 
4,064       
581       
3,303       
346       
158       
545       
45,337       
(45,091)      
246       

33,740   
3,307   
1,598   
3,076   
311   
131   
595   
42,758   
(42,431 ) 
327   

Deferred tax liability: 

Lease liability.................................................................................................       
Net deferred tax assets ...............................................................................     $ 

246       
-     $ 

327   
-   

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that 
some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent 
upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences and carry forwards 
become deductible or are utilized. As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, based upon the level of historical taxable losses, valuation 
allowances of $45.1 million and $42.4 million, respectively, were recorded to fully offset deferred tax assets. The valuation 
allowance increased $2.7 million during the year ended April 30, 2021 and decreased $0.7 million during the year ended 
2020 respectively. 

F-23 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
    
     
    
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
     
        
    
  
     
        
    
     
        
    
 
 
As  of  April  30,  2021,  the  Company  had  net  operating  loss  carry  forwards  for  federal  income  tax  purposes  of 
approximately  $173.0  million,  which  begin  to  expire  in  fiscal  2022;  $36.6  million  of  the  federal  carryforward  has  no 
expiration, but the deductibility of such federal net operating losses may be limited to 80% of our taxable income in future 
years. The Company also had federal research and development tax credit carry forwards of approximately $3.2 million as 
of April 30, 2021, which begins to expire in 2022. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 contains provisions that limit the utilization 
of net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards if there has been an ownership change, as defined. The Company has 
determined that as a result of multiple ownership changes, as described in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, its 
ability to utilize these NOL’s and research and development tax credit have been significantly limited. 

In addition, as of April 30, 2021, the Company had state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $21.3 
million which begin to expire in 2039, which also may be limited to utilization limitations. Further, as of April 30, 2021, 
the Company had foreign net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $18.9 million. The ability to utilize these 
carry forwards may also be limited due to ownership changes. 

New Jersey Net Operating Loss Transfer Program 

During  the years  ended  April  30, 2021  and  2020,  the  Company  sold  New  Jersey  State  net  operating  losses  and 
research and development credits (“NJ NOL”) in the amount of $12.0 million and $10.0 million, respectively, resulting in 
the recognition of income tax benefits of $1.0 million and $0.9 million, The proceeds of $0.9 million for fiscal year 2020 
were recorded in the Company’s Statement of Operations. The sale of the fiscal year 2021 NJ NOL was not completed 
until May, 2021.  The  Company received proceeds of $1.0 million for  fiscal  year  2021 in May, 2021 and recorded  the 
amount to the Company’s Statement of Operations in fiscal year 2022. New Jersey-based technology or biotechnology 
companies with fewer than 225 US employees may be eligible to sell net operating losses and research and development 
tax credits to unaffiliated corporations, up to a maximum lifetime benefit of $20 million per business. 

Uncertain Tax Positions 

The Company applies the guidance issued by the FASB for the accounting and reporting of uncertain tax positions. 
The guidance requires the Company to recognize in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if that 
position  is  more  likely  than  not  to  be  sustained  upon  examination,  based  on  the  technical  merits  of  the  position.  The 
Company is currently undergoing an income tax audit in Spain for the period from 2011 to 2014, when the Company’s 
Spanish  branch  was  closed  (see  Note  17  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements).  At  April  30,  2021  and  2020,  the 
Company had no other unrecognized tax positions. The Company does not expect any material increase or decrease in its 
income tax expense in the next twelve months, related to examinations or uncertain tax positions. The Company is currently 
going through a state income tax audit for fiscal years 2015 to 2020. U.S. federal and state income tax returns were audited 
through fiscal 2014 and fiscal 2010 respectively. Net operating loss and credit carry forwards since inception remain open 
to examination by taxing authorities and will continue to remain open for a period of time after utilization. 

The Company does not have any interest or penalties accrued related to uncertain tax positions as it does not have 

any unrecognized tax benefits. 

(16) Commitments and Contingencies 

Employment Litigation 

On June 10, 2014, the Company announced that it had terminated Charles Dunleavy as its Chief Executive Officer and 
as an employee of the Company for cause, effective June 9, 2014, and that Mr. Dunleavy had also been removed from 
his position as Chairman of the Board of Directors. On June 17, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy wrote to the Company stating that 
he had retained counsel to represent him in connection with an alleged wrongful termination of his employment. On July 
28, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy resigned from the Board and the boards of directors of the Company’s subsidiaries. On August 
28,  2018,  counsel  for  Mr.  Dunleavy  filed  a  demand  for  arbitration,  captioned  Charles  F.  Dunleavy  v.  Ocean  Power 
Technologies, Inc., Case No. 01-18-0003-2374, before the American Arbitration Association in New Jersey. The demand 
named Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. as the respondent and alleged various claims and sought declaratory relief and 
permanent  injunction.  The  demand  sought  damages  in  the  amount  of  $5.0  million  for  compensatory  and  punitive 
damages, plus interest and attorneys’ fees as well as certain equitable relief. On November 8, 2018, the Company through 
counsel responded to the demand for arbitration, denied all allegations, and asserted various affirmative defenses. The 
final day of hearing occurred in Princeton, New Jersey on July 15, 2020. Post-hearing briefs were filed on September 22, 
2020. Following those filings, the panel issued two interim awards finding, among other things, that the termination for 
cause of Mr. Dunleavy was in breach of his employment contract and awarding him compensatory damages in the amount 
of $438,255. The panel denied Mr. Dunleavy’s claims for defamation and injunctive and declaratory relief. The panel 
also awarded Mr. Dunleavy attorneys’ fees, costs and pre-judgment interest. The Company agreed, on May 24, 2021, to 
pay Mr. Dunleavy $1,223,963, representing the total compensatory damages, attorneys’ fees, costs and pre-judgment 
interest, which is the full amount awarded by the panel. This was paid in full on May 26, 2021 and the matter is now 
closed. This amount has been accrued in the April 30, 2021 financial statements. 

F-24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Spain Income Tax Audit 

The Company underwent an income tax audit in Spain for the period from 2011 to 2014, when our Spanish branch 
was closed. In connection with the tax audit, the Spanish tax inspector challenged the Company’s recognition of grant 
funds received in 2011 to 2014 from the European Commission in connection with the Company’s Waveport project. On 
July 30, 2018, the inspector concluded that although there was no tax owed in light of losses reported, the Company’s 
Spanish branch owed penalties for failure to properly account for the income associated with the funding grant. On August 
30,  2018,  the  Company  filed  an  administrative  appeal  of  the  penalty  and  its  underlying  conclusions.  During  the  three 
months ended July 31, 2020, the Company received notice from the Spanish Central Economic and Administrative Tribunal 
that it agreed with the inspector and ruled that the Company owes the full amount of the penalty in the amount of €279,870 
or  approximately  $331,000.  In  the  quarter  ended  October  31,  2020,  the  Company  recorded  an  additional  reserve  of 
€117,146 (or approximately $154,000) to Selling, general and administrative costs in the Statement of Operations making 
the total reserve €279,870, which amount was paid by the Company to the Spanish Tax Administration on January 25, 
2021.  As  of  April  30,  2021,  and  2020,  the  Company  has  reserved  zero  and  €162,724  (or  approximately  $177,000), 
respectively.  The  penalty  was  recorded  in  Accrued  expenses  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  The  Company  has 
appealed the decision of the Tribunal tax assessment to the Spanish National Court. 

(17) Acquisition of 3dent Technologies, LLC 

On February 1, 2021, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity interest of 3Dent, a Houston, Texas based 
company that offers offshore energy engineering and design services that are complementary to OPT’s technology and 
products. In consideration for the purchase, the Company issued 361,991 shares of its common stock to the seller, subject 
to  a  12-month  post  acquisition  employment.  In  addition,  the  former  owners  of  3Dent  will  be  eligible  for  awards  of 
performance stock with a potential value of $360,000 if certain revenue targets are achieved over the next 12 months. 

The Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination under ASC 805, “Business Combinations.” 
Accordingly, the assets and liabilities acquired were recorded at their estimated fair value on the date of acquisition. Under 
ASC 805, acquisition-related transaction costs (such as advisory, legal, valuation, other professional fees) were expensed 
in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in the period incurred. The Company recognized $152,000 of acquisition-
related costs and these costs are included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in Selling, general and administrative 
expenses. 

The fair value of common stock issued by the Company in connection with the 3Dent acquisition was as follows (in 

thousands): 

Fair value of base purchase price .....................................    $ 
Less discount for lack of marketability ............................      
Adjusted fair value ...........................................................      

1,452   
(290 ) 
1,162   

The adjusted fair value of $1.2M represents the fair value of the shares issued to the sellers adjusted for the lack of 
marketability since the shares are restricted for one year from the date of acquisition. The Company has a right of return of 
the shares if any one of the sellers terminates his employment with the Company (other than for Good Reason) or has his 
employment terminated by the Company (for Cause), in each case prior to the one-year anniversary of the date of the 
agreement. In such case, the applicable seller will automatically surrender to the Company and forfeit all ownership of his 
shares. As such, the adjusted fair value of the common stock to the extent of the estimated fair value of the identifiable 
tangible and intangible net assets acquired has been reflected as the acquisition price and the remainder will be recognized 
as compensation expense over the course of the one year period of this contract. 

The following table summarizes the fair value of the net assets acquired (in thousands): 

  $ 
Cash 
Accounts receivable .........................................................      
Prepaid expenses ..............................................................      
Right of use asset .............................................................      
Fixed assets ......................................................................      
Identifiable intangibles .....................................................      
Accounts payable and accrued expenses ..........................      
Lease liability ...................................................................      
Total net assets acquired, excluding goodwill ..................    $ 

100   
94   
5   
95   
20   
280   
(21 ) 
(96 ) 
477   

The acquisition date fair values of identifiable intangible assets acquired are as follows (in thousands): 

Trade name .......................................................................    $ 
Customer relationships .....................................................      
Fair value of identifiable intangibles assets .....................    $ 

130  
150  
280  

F-25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
The fair value of the acquired identified intangibles assets were calculated with the assistance of an independent 
third-party  valuation  firm  and  were  determined  through  a  variety  of  valuation  techniques.  The  identifiable  intangibles 
consist of 3Dent trade name and customer relationships. The intangible assets are being amortized using the straight-line 
method  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  the  assets.  The  trade  name  and  customer  relationship  intangible  are  being 
amortized over 12 years and 10 years respectively, which is consistent with the pattern of economic benefit of the assets. 

The amounts of revenue and net loss of 3Dent included in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations 

from the date of acquisition to April 30, 2021 were as follows (in thousands): 

Revenue ............................................................................    $ 
Net loss.............................................................................      

35   
(463 ) 

Net loss includes $231,201 equity compensation expense related to the performance stock issued to the sellers as 

part of the acquisition. 

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations 
for  the  Company  and  3Dent  as  if  the  companies  had  been  combined  as  of  May  1,  2019.  These  amounts  have  been 
calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of 3Dent to reflect the additional 
amortization that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments to intangible assets had been applied on 
May 1, 2019. The following unaudited pro forma financial information is for informational purposes only and is not 
necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved as if the acquisition had taken place as 
of May 1, 2019. 

   Twelve months ended April 30,    

2021 

2020 

Revenue .................................................................................................     $ 
Net loss..................................................................................................       
Basic and diluted net loss per share ......................................................     $ 

1,600      $ 
(14,915 )      
(0.50 )    $ 

2,772   
(10,406 ) 
(1.44 ) 

(18) Operating Segments and Geographic Information 

The  Company’s  business  consists  of  one  segment  as  this  represents  management’s  view  of  the  Company’s 
operations. The Company operates on a worldwide basis with one operating company in the U.S. and operating subsidiaries 
in the UK and in Australia. Revenues and expenses are generally attributed to the operating unit that bills the customers. 
Geographic information is as follows: 

America 

Year Ended April 30, 2021 
Europe 

Australia 

(in thousands) 

Total 

Revenues from external customers ......    $ 
Operating loss ......................................      
Long-lived assets .................................      
Total assets ..........................................      

1,206    $ 
(13,211)     
406      
86,085      

-    $ 
(359)     
-      
19      

-    $ 
(22)     
-      
273      

1,206   
(13,592 ) 
406   
86,377   

North 
America 

Year Ended April 30, 2020 
Asia and 
Australia 

Europe 

(in thousands) 

Total 

Revenues from external customers ......    $ 
Operating loss ......................................      
Long-lived assets .................................      
Total assets ..........................................      

1,682    $ 
(11,110)     
499      
13,251      

-    $ 
(234)     
-      
36      

-    $ 
(21)     
-      
251      

1,682   
(11,365 ) 
499   
13,538   

(19) Subsequent Event 

On June 18, 2021, the Board of Directors appointed Philipp Stratmann as its new President and Chief Executive Officer 
(CEO), and a Director. Mr. Stratmann previously served as OPT’s Vice President of Global Business Development since 
2019. In addition, the Board of Directors elevated Matthew T. Shafer’s role, to Senior Vice President, Chief Financial 
Officer and Treasurer. Lastly, George H. Kirby, former President and CEO departed the Company. 

F-26 

 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
       
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
      
      
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
      
      
      
  
 
 
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES 

Exhibit 4.3 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 

5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, all of which are undesignated. 

Description of Common Stock 

Voting. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of 
stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock 
entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for election. 

Dividends. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately any dividends that may be declared 

by our Board, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock. 

Liquidation and Distribution. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of common stock are 
entitled to receive proportionately our net assets available after the payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to 
the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption 
or conversion rights. Our outstanding shares of common stock are, and the shares offered by us in this offering will be, 
when issued and paid for, fully paid and nonassessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock 
are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we 
may designate and issue in the future. 

Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law; Our Certificate of Incorporation and Our Bylaws 

Delaware  law,  our  certificate  of  incorporation  and our  bylaws  contain  provisions  that  could have  the effect of 
delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized 
below,  are  intended  to  discourage  coercive  takeover  practices  and  inadequate  takeover  bids.  These  provisions  are  also 
designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our Board. 

Removal of Directors 

Our certificate of incorporation currently provides that directors may be removed only for cause and only by the 
affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of our shares of capital stock present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote. 
However, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to our bylaws that became effective on June 17, 2016, which 
permits  our  directors  to  be  removed  either  for  cause  or  without  cause  by  our  stockholders.  At  our  annual  meeting  of 
stockholders  for  the  year  ended  April  30,  2016  that  was  held  on  October  21,  2016  (the  “2016  Annual  Meeting”),  we 
submitted a proposal to stockholders seeking stockholder approval to amend our certificate of incorporation to delete the 
reference to “for cause” in Section 6 of Article IX of the certificate of incorporation. This proposal to amend the certificate 
of incorporation did not receive the required affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of 
common stock entitled to vote at the meeting, so the proposal did not pass. However, we also submitted a proposal to 
stockholders at the 2016 Annual Meeting seeking approval to amend our certificate of incorporation to add a clause that 
specified that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any provision in the Certificate of Incorporation that is contrary to a 
requirement  of  the  Delaware  General  Corporate  Law  (the  “DGCL”)  shall  be  read  in  conformity  with  the  applicable 
requirement of  the  DGCL.  This  second proposal  only required  the  affirmative vote  of  the  holders of  a majority of the 
outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote at the 2016 Annual Meeting, and it passed. 

Our Board of Directors takes the position that under current Delaware law, the “only for cause” provision in the 
certificate  of  incorporation  regarding  removal  of  the  company’s  directors  is  not  enforceable  and  is  therefore  not  in 
conformity with the applicable requirement of the DGCL. Accordingly, we will comply with the provisions of our bylaws, 
as amended and as described above, relating to director removal and will not seek to enforce that provision of our certificate 
of incorporation relating to stockholder removal of directors only for cause, as presently in effect. Under our certificate of 
incorporation and bylaws, any vacancy on the Board, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board, may 
be filled only by vote of a majority of our directors then in office. 

The limitations on the ability of our stockholders to remove directors and fill vacancies could make it more difficult 

for a third party to acquire, or discourage a third party from seeking to acquire, control of us. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stockholder Action by Written Consent; Special Meetings 

Our certificate of incorporation provides that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must 
be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by 
such holders. Our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws also provide that, except as otherwise required by law, special 
meetings of our stockholders can only be called by our chairman of the board, our chief executive officer, our president or 
the Board. 

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals 

Our  bylaws  establish  an  advance  notice  procedure  for  stockholder  proposals  to  be  brought  before  an  annual 
meeting of stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to the Board. Stockholders at an annual 
meeting may only consider proposals or nominations specified in the notice of meeting or brought before the meeting by 
or at the direction of the Board of Directors or by a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting, that is entitled 
to vote at the meeting and that has delivered to our secretary a timely written notice in proper form of the stockholder’s 
intention  to  bring  such  business  before  the  meeting.  These  provisions  could  have  the  effect  of  delaying  until  the  next 
stockholder meeting stockholder actions that are favored by the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities. 

Delaware Business Combination Statute 

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Subject to certain exceptions, Section 
203  prevents  a  publicly  held  Delaware  corporation  from  engaging  in  a  “business  combination”  with  any  “interested 
stockholder”  for  three  years  following  the  date  that  the  person  became  an  interested  stockholder,  unless  the  interested 
stockholder attained such status with the approval of our Board of Directors or unless the business combination is approved 
in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes, among other things, a merger or consolidation involving us 
and the “interested stockholder” and the sale of more than 10% of our assets. In general, an “interested stockholder” is any 
entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock and any entity or person affiliated with 
or controlling or controlled by such entity or person. 

Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws 

The Delaware General Corporation Law provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares 
entitled  to  vote  on  any  matter  is  required  to  amend  a  corporation’s  certificate  of  incorporation  or  bylaws,  unless  a 
corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, as the case may be, requires a greater percentage. Our bylaws may be 
amended or repealed by a majority vote of our Board of Directors or the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of 
the voting power of our capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote on the matter. 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors 

Our  certificate  of  incorporation  limits  the  personal  liability  of  directors  for  breach  of  fiduciary  duty  to  the 
maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. Our certificate of incorporation provides that no 
director will have personal liability to us or to our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty or other 
duty as a director. However, these provisions do not eliminate or limit the liability of any of our directors: 

● 
● 
● 
● 

for any breach of their duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders; 
for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; 
for voting or assenting to unlawful payments of dividends or other distributions; or 
for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. 

Any  amendment  to  or  repeal  of  these  provisions  will  not eliminate  or  reduce  the  effect  of  these  provisions  in 
respect of any act or failure to act, or any cause of action, suit or claim that would accrue or arise prior to any amendment 
or repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision. If the Delaware General Corporation Law is amended to provide for 
further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be 
further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. 

In addition, our certificate of incorporation provides that we must indemnify our directors and officers and we 
must advance expenses, including attorneys’ fees, to our directors and officers in connection with legal proceedings, subject 
to limited exceptions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
Notice of Share Ownership 

Our bylaws contain a provision requiring any beneficial owner of three percent or more of our outstanding common 
stock to notify us of his or her stockholdings, as well as of any change in his or her beneficial ownership of one percent or 
more of our outstanding common stock. Our bylaws do not provide for any specific remedy in the event a stockholder does 
not comply with this provision. We do not intend to make any such information public, unless required by law or the rules 
of the SEC or the NYSE American. 

Authorized but Unissued Shares 

Our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without 
stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by the listing standards of the NYSE American. These additional 
shares may be used for a variety of corporate finance transactions, acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence 
of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could make it more difficult or discourage 
an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise. 

Transfer Agent and Registrar 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. Its address is 462 

South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202, and its telephone number is 1-800-662-7232. 

Our common stock is listed on the NYSE American under the symbol “OPTT.” 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidiary 

Ocean Power Technologies Ltd 
Ocean Power Technologies (Australasia) Pty Ltd 
Reedsport OPT Wave Park LLC 
Oregon Wave Energy Partners I, LLC 
Victorian Wave Partners Pty Ltd 
3Dent Technology, LLC 

EXHIBIT 21.1 

   Jurisdiction of Incorporation 

United Kingdom 
Australia 
Oregon 
Delaware 
Australia 
Texas 

 
 
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. on Form S-
1(No.  333-217209,  No.  333-213519,  No.  333-226820,  No.  333-230199,  No.  333-234320,  No.  333-235995,  No.  333-
239130, and No. 333-248911), on Form S-8 (No. 333-208522, No. 333-214316, No. 333-224436 and No. 333-232755) 
and From S-3 (No. 333-221867 and No. 333-250824) of our report dated July 19, 2021, on our audit of the consolidated 
financial statements as of April 30, 2021 and for the year then ended, which report is included in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K. 

Exhibit 23.1 

/s/ EisnerAmper LLP 

EISNERAMPER LLP 
Iselin, New Jersey 
July 19, 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

EXHIBIT 23.2 

The Board of Directors 
Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.: 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (No. 333-217209, No. 333-213519, No. 333-
226820,  No.  333-230199,  No.  333-234320,  No.  333-235995,  No.  333-239130,  and  No.  333-248911)  on  Form  S-1, 
registration statements (No. 333-208522, No. 333-214316, No. 333-224436 and No. 333-232755) on Form S-8, and the 
registration statements (No. 333-221867 and No. 333-250824) on Form S-3 of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. of our 
report  dated  June  29,  2020,  with  respect  to  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  of  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and 
subsidiaries as of April 30, 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ 
equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes, which report appears in the April 30, 2021 annual 
report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.. 

/s/ KPMG LLP 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 
July 19, 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1 

CERTIFICATIONS 

I, Philipp Stratmann, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared; 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and 

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or 
other persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a) All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Philipp Statman 
Philipp Stratmann 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Dated: July 19, 2021 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2 

CERTIFICATIONS 

I, Matthew T. Shafer, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared; 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and 

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s Board of Directors (or 
other persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a) All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 
Matthew T. Shafer 
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer   

Dated: July 19, 2021 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION 
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.1 

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) for the 
year ended April 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the 
undersigned, Philipp Stratmann, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 
1350, that: 

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 

amended; and 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company. 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 
Philipp Stratmann 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Date: July 19, 2021 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been 
provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission 
or its staff upon request. 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
[This page intentionally left blank]

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 

Form 10-K/A 
(Amendment No. 1) 

(cid:1409)  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 

or 

(cid:1407)(cid:1407)  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from       to       . 

Commission File Number 001-33417 

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

22-2535818 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

28 ENGELHARD DRIVE, SUITE B 
MONROE TOWNSHIP, NJ 08831 
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (609) 730-0400 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of Each Class 
Common Stock, par value $0.001 

Name of Exchange on Which Registered 
NYSE American 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes (cid:1407) No (cid:1409) 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes (cid:1407) No (cid:1409) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes (cid:1409) No (cid:1407) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 
405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
submit such files). Yes (cid:1409) No (cid:1407) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company 
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging 
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 

Large accelerated filer (cid:1407) 

Accelerated filer (cid:1407) 

Non-accelerated filer (cid:1407) 

Smaller reporting company (cid:1409) 
Emerging growth company (cid:1407) 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with 
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. (cid:1407) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its 
internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting 
firm that prepared or issued its audit report. (cid:1409) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes (cid:1407) No (cid:1409) 

The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates as of October 31, 2020, the last business day of the 
registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $40.8 million based on the closing sale price of the registrant’s common stock 
on that date as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the exchange on which the common stock was traded on such date. 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of August 25, 2021, was 52,458,011. 

 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXPLANATORY NOTE 

This  Amendment  No.  1  on  Form  10-K/A  amends  the  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  (“we”,  “us”,  “our”  or  the 
“Company”)  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  April  30,  2021,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on July 19, 2021 (the “Original Filing”). We are filing this Amendment No. 1 to include 
the information required by Items 10 through 14 of Part III of Form 10-K. This information was previously omitted from 
our Original Filing in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, which permits the information in the above-
referenced items to be incorporated in our Form 10-K by reference to our definitive proxy statement if such statement is 
filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. 

We are filing this Amendment to include Part III information in our Form 10-K because the Company’s definitive 

proxy statement containing such information will not be filed on or before 120 days after our fiscal year end. 

As required by Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, new certificates of our principal 
executive officer and principal financial officer are being filed as exhibits to this Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A as 
Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2. 

Except as described above, no other changes have been made to the Original Filing. The Original Filing continues to 
speak as of the date of the Original Filing, and we have not updated the disclosures contained therein to reflect any events 
which may have taken place at a date subsequent to the filing of the Original Filing. Accordingly, this Amendment No. 1 
should be read in conjunction with our filings with the SEC subsequent to the date of the Original Filing. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Item 10. 
Item 11. 
Item 12. 

Item 13. 
Item 14. 

PART III 
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ..................................................................  
Executive Compensation .....................................................................................................................  
Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management  and  Related  Stockholder 
Matters .................................................................................................................................................  
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ....................................  
Principal Accountant Fees and Services ..............................................................................................  

Item 15. 

PART IV 
Exhibits, and Financial Statement Schedules ......................................................................................  

Page 

1 
3 

8 
9 
10 

11 

PowerBuoy® and the Ocean Power Technologies logo are trademarks of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. All 

other trademarks appearing in this annual report are the property of their respective holders. 

i 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

PART III 

Directors 

All of the directors bring to our Board of Directors executive leadership experience from their service as executives 
and/or directors of our Company and/or other entities. The biography of each director contains information regarding the 
person’s service as a director, business experience, director positions held currently or at any time during the last five years, 
and the experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills that caused the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
and our Board of Directors to determine that the person should serve as a director, given our business and structure. 

Name 
Terence J. Cryan 
Philipp Stratmann 
Clyde W. Hewlett 
Diana G. Purcel 
Peter E. Slaiby 

   Age    
   59 
   42 
   66 
   55 
   63 

Position(s) with the Company 
Chairman of the Board 
   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director    
Independent Director 
Independent Director 
Independent Director 

   Served as Director From 
2012 
2021 
2020 
2020 
2020 

Terence J. Cryan has been a member of our Board of Directors since October 2012 and Chairman of the board since June 
2014. Mr. Cryan was our lead independent director from October 2013 to June 2014 when he became Chairman of the 
Board. Mr. Cryan currently serves as a Managing Director of MACCO Restructuring Group, LLC, which provides qualified 
interim leadership and advice to stakeholders across a broad spectrum of business sectors. Since August 2017, Mr. Cryan 
has served as the Chairman of the Board of Westwater Resources, Inc. Mr. Cryan has served on the boards of directors of 
a  number  of  other  publicly  traded  companies  including  Uranium  Resources,  Inc.  from  2006  to  2016;  Global  Power 
Equipment Group Inc. from 2008 to 2017; Superior Drilling Products from May 2014 to 2016; Gryphon Gold Corporation 
from 2009 to 2012; and The Providence Service Corporation from 2009 to 2011. Mr. Cryan served as President and CEO 
of Global Power Equipment Group Inc., from March 2015 until July 2017. From September 2012 until April 2013, Mr. 
Cryan served as interim President and CEO of Uranium Resources, Inc., and was elected as Chairman of the Board of 
Directors of Uranium Resources, Inc. in June 2014 and served until March 2016. Mr. Cryan earned his Bachelor of Arts 
degree from Tufts University in 1983 and a Master of Science degree in Economics from The London School of Economics 
in  1984.  In  December  2014,  Terence  Cryan  was  named  a  Board  Leadership  Fellow  by  the  National  Association  of 
Corporate  Directors.  We  believe  Mr.  Cryan’s  qualifications  to  sit  on  our  Board  of  Directors  include  his  significant 
experience in financial matters, his prior board and executive management experience at other companies, his broad energy 
industry background and his extensive expertise in financings, mergers and acquisitions. 

Philipp Stratmann has served as our President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board of Directors since 
June 2021. Prior to this, Mr. Stratmann served as Vice President – Global Business Development of the Company since 
2019.  Prior  to  that,  he  was  Vice  President,  Biofuels  for  Velocys,  which  he  joined  in  2015  as  Business  Development 
Director. He  previously  served  as General  Manager  Global  Development  and West  Africa  for InterMoor  and has held 
leadership positions with Acteon Group and Ernst & Young, in addition to experience with VT Group and Shell. He is a 
graduate of the United Kingdom’s University of Southampton, where he received his Engineering Doctorate and his Master 
of Engineering degree in Ship Science. We believe Mr. Stratmann’s significant leadership experience in the energy and 
maritime industries qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors. 

Clyde W. Hewlett has served on the Board of Directors since December 2020. Mr. Hewlett has over 40 years of experience 
in offshore engineering design, manufacturing, and operations. Mr. Hewlett has served on the Board of Directors of Seismic 
City, Inc. since April 2000. From 2015 until 2019, Mr. Hewlett served as Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Oceaneering 
International, Inc., a global provider of engineered services and products to the offshore energy industry as well as the 
defense, entertainment, and aerospace industries. Prior to his service as COO, Mr. Hewlett was the Senior Vice President 
for Projects (from 2007 to 2015) and a Vice President and Project Manager (1988 to 2007) with Oceaneering International, 
Inc. Prior to joining Oceaneering, Mr. Hewlett worked as in various project engineering and project management roles with 
Vetco Gray, Inc. (from 1987 to 1988), with Hughes Offshore (from 1985 to 1987), with CanOcean Resources, Ltd. (from 
1979 to 1984) and with Esso Canada (from 1978 to 1979). Mr. Hewlett obtained his Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical 
Engineering  from  Memorial  University  of  Newfoundland,  Canada  in  1978.  We  believe  that  Mr.  Hewlett’s  significant 
engineering, manufacturing and operational experience in the offshore environment qualifies him to serve on our Board of 
Directors. 

1 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diana G. Purcel has served on the Board of Directors since December 2020. Ms. Purcel has 20 years of experience as a 
Chief Financial Officer (CFO) including 17 years with small cap publicly traded companies. Ms. Purcel currently serves 
on the Board of Directors for the Animal Humane Society (since 2017) and she previously served on the Board of Directors 
of Now Boarding (from 2019 to 2021 when the company was sold) and for Multicultural Foodservice and Hospitality 
Alliance (from 2005 to 2008), including service as the Chair of its Audit Committee. From 2018 until 2019, Ms. Purcel 
served as Executive Vice President and CFO for iMedia Brands, Inc. (formerly Evine Live, Inc.), an interactive video and 
digital  commerce  company.  From  2014  until  2017,  Ms.  Purcel  served  as  the  CFO  for  Cooper’s  Hawk  Winery  & 
Restaurants, LLC, which operated restaurants, manufactured private-label wines, and managed the largest wine club in the 
world.  From  2003  until 2014,  Ms.  Purcel  served  as  CFO,  Chief  Accounting Officer  and  Corporate Secretary for  BBQ 
Holdings, Inc. (formerly Famous Dave’s of America, Inc.), which franchised and operated a casual dining restaurant chain 
in over 35 states. From 1999 until 2003, Ms. Purcel served as CFO, Chief Accounting Officer and Secretary  for Paper 
Warehouse, Inc., a party-good retailer and franchisor in 10 states. Ms. Purcel has also worked with Arthur Andersen LLP 
(1988  to  1993)  and  with  other  companies  including  Target  Corporation  (from  1994  to  1998).  Ms.  Purcel  obtained  her 
Bachelor of Science in Management, with a concentration in Accounting, from Tulane University in 1988, and is a certified 
public accountant (inactive). We believe that Ms. Purcel’s significant financial experience as a CFO in numerous public 
and private entities qualifies her to serve on our Board of Directors. 

Peter E. Slaiby has served on the Board of Directors since December 2020. Mr. Slaiby has over 39 years of experience in 
the  oil  and  gas  industry  including  over  37  years  working  with  Royal  Dutch  Shell.  Mr.  Slaiby  serves  on  the  Board  of 
Directors for Glacier Oil and Gas (since 2019) and The Harris School in Houston, Texas (since 2017). Previously Mr. 
Slaiby served on the Board of Directors for the Alaska Oil & Gas Association (from 2009 to 2014) including as its Chairman 
(in 2014) and served on the Chancellors Advisory Board for University of Alaska – Anchorage (from 2010 to 2013). Slaiby 
is serving as the Managing Director for Quartz Upstream (since 2017) and is serving as Managing Partner for Floris Energy 
(since April 2020). From 2019 to 2020, Mr. Slaiby was a co-founder for Novara Energy. From 1980 to 2017, Mr. Slaiby 
worked with Shell in various roles: as Vice President, Decommissioning and Restoration, as Vice President, Shell Alaska, 
and  as  Asset  Manager  –  Brunei  and  UK  Shell  Petroleum.  Mr.  Slaiby  also  worked  with  Pecten  (a  Shell  subsidiary)  as 
Technical Manager – Cameroon, as Project and Technical Manager – Brazil, and as Project Manager – Syria. Mr. Slaiby 
began his professional career in 1980 working for Shell Oil Company in various production roles in the Gulf of Mexico. 
Mr.  Slaiby  obtained  his  Bachelor  of  Engineering  in  Mechanical  Engineering  from  Vanderbilt  University  in  1980.  We 
believe that Mr. Slaiby’s significant experience in the oil and gas industry qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors. 

Executive Officers 

We have one executive officer who is not a director: 

Name 

   Age     Position with Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 

Matthew T. Shafer 

50     Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 

Matthew  T.  Shafer  joined  the  Company  in  2016  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  Treasurer  of  the  Company  and  was 
promoted to Senior Vice President in June 2021. Mr. Shafer previously served as a Vice President of Finance for CBIZ 
(NYSE: CBZ), formerly CMF Associates, from May 2015 where he led teams in providing finance solutions for high-
growth organizations within CMF. Prior to that Mr. Shafer served as a Business Unit Chief Financial Officer at Bausch 
Health Companies (NYSE: BHC), formerly Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, a large global publicly traded company 
that  develops,  manufactures,  markets  and  sells  specialty  pharmaceuticals  and  medical  devices.  He  held  this  Finance 
Leadership role for the Valeant Dentistry, Generics and Neurology business units, and had worked closely with commercial 
operations  and  corporate  level teams  on numerous  product  launches, sales  force  expansions,  mergers  and  acquisitions, 
financial systems integrations, and internal controls. Mr. Shafer has a foundation in Public Accounting working at Arthur 
Andersen LLP. Mr. Shafer holds a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from The Stillman School of Business at Seton Hall 
University,  an  MBA  in  Finance  from  Rutgers  Business  School  in  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  and  is  a  Certified  Public 
Accountant. 

Audit Committee 

The members of our Audit Committee are Diana G. Purcel, Peter E. Slaiby, and Terence Cryan. Until December 23, 
2020,  the  members  of  the  Audit  Committee  were  Dean  J.  Glover,  Steven  M.  Fludder  and  Robert  K.  Winters.  Messrs. 
Glover, Fludder and Winters did not stand for re-election at the December 2020 annual meeting. Ms. Purcel is the chair of 
the Audit Committee. The Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Purcel is an “audit committee financial expert” 
within the meaning of the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Audit Committee met 
4  times  in  fiscal  2021.  Our  Board  has  also  determined  that  all  Audit  Committee  members  meet  the  independence 
requirements contemplated by 303A.02 of the NYSE American Rules and Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). 

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Our Audit Committee assists our Board of Directors in its oversight of the integrity of our consolidated financial 

statements, our independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications, independence and performance. 

Our  Audit  Committee’s  responsibilities  include:  appointing,  approving  the  compensation  of,  and  assessing  the 
independence of, our independent registered public accounting firm; overseeing the work of our independent registered 
public accounting firm, including through the receipt and consideration of reports from our independent registered public 
accounting firm; reviewing and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm our 
annual  and  quarterly  consolidated  financial  statements  and  related  disclosures;  monitoring  our  internal  controls  over 
financial reporting, disclosure controls and procedures and code of business conduct and ethics; establishing procedures 
for the receipt and retention of accounting related complaints and concerns; meeting independently with our independent 
registered public accounting firm and management; and preparing the Audit Committee report required by SEC regulations. 

Material Changes in Director Nominations Process 

There have not been any material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to 

our Board. 

Code of Ethics 

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our employees, officers (including our 
principal executive officer and principal financial officer) and directors. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is posted 
on our website at www.oceanpowertechnologies.com and can also be obtained free of charge by sending a request to our 
Secretary at 28 Engelhard Drive, Suite B, Monroe Township, NJ 08831. Any changes to or waivers under the Code of 
Business  Conduct  and  Ethics  as  it  relates  to  our  chief  executive  officer,  chief  financial  officer,  controller,  or  persons 
performing similar functions must be approved by our Board of Directors and will be disclosed in a Current Report on 
Form 8-K within four business days of the change or waiver. 

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance 

Pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules issued thereunder, our executive officers and directors 
are required to file with the SEC reports of ownership and changes in ownership of Common Stock. Copies of such reports 
are  required  to  be  furnished  to  us.  Based  solely  on  a  review  of  the  copies  of  such  reports  furnished  to  us,  or  written 
representations that no other reports were required, we believe that all required reports were filed in fiscal 2021 in a timely 
manner. 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION 

For Board service year 2021, the Board of Directors approved, for each non-employee director, an annual payment 
of $45,000 and 10-year, non-qualified stock option to purchase shares of Company stock equal in value to $50,000, based 
on the Black-Scholes formula, with such option award to vest entirely, if at all, at the next annual meeting of stockholders 
or one  year  from  award  date,  whichever  is  earlier.  Each  non-employee  director  also receives  a  per annum  supplement 
ranging from $8,000 to $9,600 for each committee that they chair. In addition, the Chairman of the Board annually receives 
an additional $38,000. 

We reimburse each non-employee director for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending our 
Board  and  Board  committee  meetings.  Compensation  for  our  directors,  including  cash  and  equity  compensation,  is 
determined, and remains subject to adjustment, by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of 
Directors. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes compensation paid to each of our non-employee directors who served during fiscal 

year 2021. 

Name (1) 

Stock 
   Fees Earned or     
   Paid in Cash       Awards 

($) (2) 

($) 

Option 
Awards 
($) (3) 

Total 
($) 

Terence J. Cryan ....................................................       

88,839        

-        

50,000     

138,839   

Dean J. Glover (4) ...................................................       

39,776        

Steven M. Fludder (4) .............................................       

38,610        

-        

-        

-     

-     

39,776   

38,610   

Clyde W. Hewlett (5) ..............................................       

14,532        

-        

50,000     

64,532   

Kristine S. Moore (4) ...............................................       

49,153        

-        

-     

49,153   

Diana G. Purcel (5) ..................................................       

14,971        

-        

50,000     

64,971   

Peter E. Slaiby (5) ...................................................       

12,339        

-        

50,000     

62,339   

Robert K. Winters (4) ..............................................       

32,782        

-        

-     

32,782   

(1)  George H. Kirby III, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer during fiscal year 2021, is not 
included in this table as he was an employee of the Company and thus received no compensation for his 
service as a Director. The compensation received by Mr. Kirby during fiscal year 2021 as an employee of 
the Company is shown in the Summary Compensation Table. Mr. Kirby resigned from the Company on 
June 18, 2021. 

(2)  Fees earned or paid in cash reflect annual retainer and committee meeting fees. 
(3)  Stock options granted to directors vest fully on the date of the first annual shareholders meeting following 
the grant date. The amounts in the “Option Awards” column reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of 
stock  options  granted  during  the  year  computed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Accounting 
Standards Codification (ASC) No. 718, “Compensation- Stock Compensation.” The assumptions used in 
calculating  these  amounts  are  incorporated  by  reference  to  Note  14  to  the  financial  statements  in  the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2021.  

(4)  Board member did not seek re-election at the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and resigned from 

the Board on December 23, 2020. 

(5)  First elected to the Board at the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on December 23, 2020. 

The following table summarizes grants during fiscal year 2021. 

Name 

Stock 
Awards 

Option 

      Awards (1) 

Total 

Terence J. Cryan ...................................................................   

Clyde W. Hewlett .................................................................   

Diana G. Purcel .....................................................................   

Peter E. Slaiby ......................................................................   

-    

-    

-    

-    

19,129     

19,129     

19,129     

19,129     

19,129   

19,129   

19,129   

19,129   

(1)  During fiscal year 2021, each non-executive board member was granted stock options exercisable for 

19,129 shares of common stock for Board service. 

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

Overview of Executive Compensation 

Our Compensation Committee is responsible for overseeing the compensation of all of our executive officers. In 
this  capacity,  the  Compensation  Committee  designs,  reviews  and  approves  all  compensation  for  our  named  executive 
officers.  The  goal  of  the  Compensation  Committee  is  to  ensure  that  our  compensation  programs  are  aligned  with  our 
business goals and objectives and that the total compensation paid to each of our named executive officers is fair, reasonable 
and competitive. 

Compensation Objectives and Philosophy 

Our compensation programs are designed to attract and retain qualified and talented executives, motivating them to 
achieve our business goals and rewarding them for superior short- and long-term performance when that performance has 
been properly demonstrated. In particular, our compensation programs are intended to reward the achievement of specified 
predetermined quantitative and qualitative goals and to align our executives’ interests with those of our stockholders  in 
order to attain the ultimate objective of increasing stockholder value. 

Elements of Total Compensation and Relationship to Performance 

Key elements of these programs include: 

● 

●  base  salary  compensation  designed  to  reward  annual  achievements,  with  consideration  given  to  the 
executive’s qualifications, scope of responsibility, leadership abilities and management experience and 
effectiveness; 
short-term incentive program that provides yearly cash bonus awards, where warranted, that are designed 
to align executive compensation with pre-determined business objectives and demonstrated performance; 
and 
long-term incentive programs that provide equity-based incentive compensation, over one-to-three year 
periods,  which  are  primarily  in  the  form  of  stock  options  and  restricted  stock,  the  value  of  which  is 
dependent upon the performance of our Common Stock, and which is subject to multi-year vesting that 
requires continued service and/or the attainment of certain performance goals. 

● 

Determining and Setting Executive Compensation 

Under  direction  from  the  Compensation  Committee,  our  management  develops  compensation  plans  by  utilizing 
publicly available compensation and on-line survey data for a broad selection of national and regional companies, which 
we believe are generally comparable to the Company in terms of public ownership, organizational structure, size and stage 
of development, and against which we believe we may compete for executive talent. The results of these analyses and any 
recommendations by management are reviewed with and approved by the Compensation Committee annually. We believe 
that these compensation practices provide us with appropriate compensation guidelines. The Compensation Committee 
generally  targets  compensation  for  our  executives  to  be  consistent  with  similarly  situated  executives  in  comparable 
companies covered by the on-line survey data. Other considerations, including market factors, the unique nature of our 
business and the experience level of an executive, may dictate variations to this general target. 

Summary Compensation Table 

The following table sets forth the compensation paid or accrued during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, and 

2020 to our named executive officers. 

Name and 
Principal Position 

   Year    

Salary 
($) (1) 

Bonus 
($) (2) 

      Option        All Other 

Stock 
Awards 
($) 

Awards 
($)(3) 

Compensation 
($) 

Total 
($) 

George H. Kirby III (6) .............    
Former President and 
Chief Executive Officer 

Matthew T. Shafer ...................    
Senior Vice President, 
Chief Financial Officer and 
Treasurer 

2021      391,140        58,671        
-        
2020      391,140       

-        374,919        
-         70,356        

1,500 (4)      826,230   
58,805 (4)      520,301   

2021      253,125        25,313        
-        
2020      253,125       

-        215,863        
-         34,320        

10,139 (5)      504,439   
7,277 (5)      294,722   

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(1)  Salary represents actual salary earned during each fiscal year. The amounts in this column may be different 
from the amounts listed below under description of employment agreements, due to increases in salary 
levels and payments for unused vacation during each fiscal year. 

(2)  This amount represents bonuses earned by the named executive officers for fiscal year 2021. For these 
amounts, the Compensation Committee exercised negative discretion to reduce the bonus target from 25% 
to 20% based on the Company’s results of operations. For fiscal year 2020, a recommendation was made 
by  management  that  no  bonuses  or  merit  increases  would  be  paid  for  any  and  all  employees  of  the 
Company, and the Board of Directors accepted that recommendation. 

(3)  The amounts in the “Option Awards” column reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of stock options 
granted during the year computed in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 
(ASC)  No.  718,  “Compensation-  Stock  Compensation.”  The  assumptions  used  in  calculating  these 
amounts are incorporated by reference to Note 14 to the financial statements in the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2021.  

(4)  For fiscal year 2021, the amount of $1,500 relates to the Company’s matching contributions to the 401(K) 
Plan. For fiscal year 2020, the amount of $58,805 includes $50,000 for relocation expenses, and $8,805 
relates to the Company’s matching contributions to the 401(K) Plan.  

(5)  For fiscal year 2021, the amount of $10,139 relates to the Company’s matching contributions to the 401(K) 
Plan.For fiscal year 2020, the amount of $7,277 relates to the Company’s matching contributions to the 
401(K) Plan.  

(6)  Mr. Kirby resigned from the Company on June 18, 2021. 

Employment Agreements 

George H. Kirby III – Former President, Chief Executive Officer and Director 

A discussion of Mr. Kirby’s employment agreement is not included, as he is no longer an officer or director of the 

Company. 

Matthew T. Shafer - Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 

On August 23, 2016, and in connection with his hiring by the Company, Mr. Shafer entered into an employment 
agreement with the Company, to be effective on September 7, 2016 (the “Shafer Employment Agreement”). Under the 
Shafer Employment Agreement, Mr. Shafer was entitled to an initial annual base salary of $220,000 subject to adjustment 
upon annual review by the Company’s Board of Directors, was subsequently increased to $250,000 on October 18, 2017, 
to $253,125 on May 1, 2018, and $265,781 on May 1, 2021. Mr. Shafer is also eligible to earn discretionary incentive 
bonuses and incentive compensation. He is also entitled to participate in all Company employee benefit plans. 

Upon the termination of his employment other than for cause, or if he terminates his employment for good reason 
(as such terms are defined in the Shafer Employment Agreement), Mr. Shafer has the right to receive severance payments 
equal  to  six  months  of  his  base  salary.  Pursuant  to  this  agreement,  Mr.  Shafer  is  also  subject  to  covenants  regarding 
confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation during and after the term of his employment. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2021 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End Table 

The following table contains certain information regarding equity awards held by the named executive officers as 

of April 30, 2021: 

Option Awards 

   Numbers of       Numbers of        

Shares 

Shares 

    Underlying       Underlying        
   Unexercised       Unexercised         Option       Option 
    Options (#)       Options (#)        Exercise      Expiration   
    Exercisable      Unexercisable       Price ($)       Date 

Stock Awards 

  Market 
 Number of   Value of 
  Shares or   Shares or 
  Units of    Units of 
 Stock That  Stock That 
  Have Not   Have Not 
  Vested (#)   Vested ($) 

Name and 
Principal Position 

George H. Kirby III (11) ....................      
Former President and 
Chief Executive Officer 

10,000      
13,667      
27,334      

Matthew T. Shafer ...........................      
Senior Vice President, 
Chief Financial Officer and 
Treasurer 

5,750      
6,667      
13,334      

      $ 
13,666     $ 
27,333     $ 
55,000     $ 
110,000     $ 

      $ 
6,666     $ 
13,333     $ 
31,667     $ 
63,333     $ 

8.20       12/7/2028 (1)     
1.05       1/16/2030 (2)     
1.05       1/16/2030 (3)     
2.93       1/14/2031 (4)     
2.93       1/14/2031 (5)     

8.20       12/7/2028 (6)     
1.05       1/16/2030 (7)     
1.05       1/16/2030 (8)     
2.93       1/14/2031 (9)     
2.93       1/14/2031 (10)    

(1)  Represents stock options granted December 7, 2018 relating to an aggregate of 10,000 shares of which 

100% are exercisable. 

(2)  Represents stock options granted on January 16, 2020 relating to an aggregate of 27,333 shares which vest 

over a two- year period based on service requirements.  

(3)  Represents  stock  options,  with  market  based  conditions,  granted  on  January  16,  2020  relating  to  an 
aggregate of 54,667 shares which vest over a two- year period when certain market price targets are met. 
(4)  Represents stock options granted on January 14, 2021 relating to an aggregate of 55,000 shares which vest 

over a two- year period based on service requirements.  

(5)  Represents  stock  options,  with  market  based  conditions,  granted  on  January  14,  2021  relating  to  an 
aggregate of 110,000 shares which vest over a two- year period when certain market price targets are met. 
(6)  Represents stock options granted December 7, 2018 relating to an aggregate of 5,750 shares of which 

100% are exercisable. 

(7)  Represents stock options granted on January 16, 2020 relating to an aggregate of 13,333 shares which vest 

over a two- year period based on service requirements.  

(8)  Represents  stock  options,  with  market  based  conditions,  granted  on  January  16,  2020  relating  to  an 
aggregate of 26,667 shares which vest over a two- year period when certain market price targets are met. 
(9)  Represents stock options granted on January 14, 2021 relating to an aggregate of 31,667 shares which vest 

over a two- year period based on service requirements.  

(10) Represents  stock  options,  with  market  based  conditions,  granted  on  January  14,  2021  relating  to  an 
aggregate of 63,333 shares which vest over a two- year period when certain market price targets are met. 

(11) Mr. Kirby resigned from the Company on June 18, 2021.  

Potential Payments upon Termination of Employment or Change in Control 

The following information sets forth the terms of potential payments to each of our named executive officers in the 
event of a termination of employment. We did not include information for Mr. Kirby since he is no longer employed by 
the Company. 

Termination by Company without Cause; Termination by Executive for Good Reason. Our employment agreement 
with Mr. Shafer provides, upon the termination of his employment other than for cause, or if Mr. Shafer terminates his 
employment  for  good reason,  that Mr. Shafer has  the right  to  receive severance  payments.  Mr. Shafer  will receive  six 
months of his base salary. 

Termination by Company for Cause; Termination by Executive without Good Reason. The employment agreement 
with Mr. Shafer does not contain provisions regarding severance in the event of a termination by the Company with or 
without cause or termination by the executive without good reason. 

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Change  in  Control.  The  employment  agreement  for  Mr.  Shafer  does  not  contain  change  of  control  provisions; 
therefore, payments for cash severance and continued healthcare benefits are the same as for termination without cause. 
The restricted stock agreement provides for accelerated stock vesting upon a change in control. 

Termination upon Failure to Renew by the Company. The employment agreement for Mr. Shafer does not contain 

provisions for payments in this event. 

Qualifying retirement. Under our restricted stock agreements with the named executive officers, upon a Qualifying 
Retirement 50% of unvested restricted shares will vest immediately. A “Qualifying Retirement” means retirement by the 
recipient after satisfaction of the conditions in either clause (A) or clause (B): (A) the recipient has both (1) attained the 
age of 55 and (2) completed at least ten years of employment with the Company; or (B) the sum of the recipient’s age plus 
the number of years he or she has been employed by the Company equals or exceeds 75 years. 

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of Common Stock as of August 
20, 2021, by (a) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of Common 
Stock, (b) each executive officer (c) each director, and (d) all executive officers and directors as a group. 

The Percentage of Common Stock outstanding is based on 52,458,011 shares of our Common Stock outstanding as 
of August 20, 2021. For purposes of the table below, and in accordance with the rules of the SEC, we deem shares of 
Common Stock subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021 to be 
outstanding and to be beneficially owned by the person holding the options for the purpose of computing the percentage 
ownership of that person, but we do not treat them as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership 
of any other person. Except as otherwise noted, each of the persons or entities in this table has sole voting and investing 
power with respect to all of the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such person, subject to community property 
laws,  where  applicable.  The  street  address  of  each  beneficial  owner  shown  in  the  table  below  is  c/o  Ocean  Power 
Technologies, Inc., 28 Engelhard Drive, Suite B, Monroe Township, NJ 08831. 

Name of Beneficial Owner 

Number of  
Shares  
Beneficially  
Owned 

Percentage of  
Shares  
Beneficially  
Owned 

Terence J. Cryan (1) ............................................................................................       
Philipp Stratmann (2) ..........................................................................................       
Matthew T. Shafer (3) .........................................................................................       
Clyde W. Hewlett (4) ..........................................................................................       
Diana G. Purcel (5) ..............................................................................................       
Peter E. Slaiby (6) ...............................................................................................       

32,197        
28,995        
26,873        
-        
-        
-        

All directors and executive officers as a group (6 individuals) ..........................       

88,065        

*   
*   
*   
*   
*   
*   

*   

*  Represents a beneficial ownership of less the one percent of our outstanding common stock 
(1)  Beneficial  ownership  includes  361  shares  of  our  common  stock  and  31,836  shares  issuable  upon  the 
exercise of options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021. 

(2)  Beneficial ownership includes 28,995 shares of our common stock. 
(3)  Beneficial ownership includes 1,122 shares of our common stock and 25,751 shares issuable upon the 
exercise of options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021. 
(4)  Mr. Hewlett joined the Board on December 23, 2020 and does not have any ownership of our common 
stock or options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021. 
(5)  Ms. Purcel joined the Board on December 23, 2020 and does not have any ownership of our common 
stock or options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021. 
(6)  Mr. Slaiby joined the Board on December 23, 2020 and does not have any ownership of our common 
stock or options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty days of August 20, 2021. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
   
  
    
  
  
     
       
  
  
     
         
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information 

The following table sets forth the indicated information as of April 30, 2021, with respect to our equity compensation 

plans: 

   Number of Shares 
to be Issued Upon 
Exercise of 
Outstanding 
Options  
and  
Restricted  
Stock 

     Number of Shares 

Remaining Available 
for 

     Future Issuance Under   

Weighted-
Average 
Exercise 
 Price of 
Outstanding 
Options 

Equity  
Compensation 
Plans (Excluding 
Shares 
Reflected in First 
Column) 

Plan category 

Equity compensation plans approved by 
shareholders: 

Stock Options..............................................       
Restricted Stock ..........................................       

941,617      $ 
10,000        

3.29        
N/A        

 197,166  (1) 

Equity compensation plans not approved by 
shareholders: 

Stock Options..............................................       
Restricted Stock ..........................................       

-        
-        

-        
N/A        

-   

 11,487  (2) 

(1)  Consists of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan. 
(2)  Consists  of  shares  of  our  common  stock  available  for  issuance  under  the  2018  Employee  Inducement 

Incentive Award Plan. 

Our equity compensation plans consist of a 2006 Stock Incentive Plan and a 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan which 
were approved by our stockholders. Once the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan was approved by the stockholders on October 
22, 2015, no further stock options or other awards were awarded under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan and it was terminated. 
Shares  that  are  forfeited  under  the  2006  Stock  Incentive  Plan  on  or  after  October  22,  2015,  will  become  available  for 
issuance under the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan. 

The equity compensation plan that has not been approved by our shareholders is our 2018 Employee Inducement 

Incentive Award Plan. 

ITEM  13.  CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE 

Board Determination of Independence 

Under applicable NYSE American rules, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if they are not an 
executive officer or employee of the Company, and, in the opinion of our Board of Directors, that person does not have a 
relationship  which  would  interfere  with  the  exercise  of  independent  judgment  in  carrying  out  the  responsibilities  of  a 
director. 

Our Board has determined that all of our current directors are “independent directors” within the meaning of the 
applicable listing standards of the NYSE American, except for Philipp Stratmann who is our President and Chief Executive 
Officer. 

Certain Relationship and Related Person Transaction 

Review and Approval of Related Person Transactions 

The Audit Committee is charged with the responsibility of reviewing and approving all related person transactions 
(as defined in SEC regulations), and periodically reassessing any related person transaction entered into by the Company 
to  ensure  continued  appropriateness.  This  responsibility  is  set  forth  in  our  Audit  Committee  charter.  A  related  party 
transaction will  only be  approved  if  the  members  of  the Audit Committee  determine  that the  transaction  is  in  the best 
interests  of  the  Company.  If  a  director  is  involved  in  the  transaction,  he  or  she  will  recuse  himself  or  herself  from  all 
decisions regarding the transaction. 

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ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 

Fees of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

On September  16, 2020,  the Audit Committee  dismissed  KPMG  LLP  as  the  Company’s  independent  registered 
public accounting firm. The Audit Committee, effective as of September 18, 2020, appointed EisnerAmper, LLP as the 
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the Company’s fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. 

The following table summarizes the fees of KPMG LLP and EisnerAmper, LLP, our independent registered public 

accounting firms, billed to us for each of the last two fiscal years. 

 Eisner Amper Audit and Tax Fees 

Fiscal Year 2021      

Fiscal Year 2020    

Audit Fees (1) ..............................................................................................     $ 
Audit- Related Fees ...................................................................................       
Tax Fees (2) .................................................................................................       
All Other Fees (3) ........................................................................................       

150,800      $ 
-        
-        
-        

Total Fees ..................................................................................................     $ 

150,800      $ 

-   
-   
-   
-   

-   

KPMG Audit and Tax Fees 

      Fiscal Year 2021           Fiscal Year 2020    

Audit Fees (1) ..............................................................................................     $ 
Audit- Related Fees ...................................................................................       
Tax Fees (2) .................................................................................................       
All Other Fees (3) ........................................................................................       

153,584      $ 
-        
-        
-        

305,647   
-   
9,635   
1,780   

Total Fees ..................................................................................................     $ 

153,584      $ 

317,062   

(1)  Audit Fees consist of fees for the audit and quarterly reviews of our consolidated financial statements and 
other  professional  services  provided  in  connection  with  the  statutory  and  regulatory  filings  or 
engagements. Fiscal year  2021  and 2020  audit fees  include fees for due  diligence,  comfort  letters  and 
consents of $97,750 and $57,500, respectively, related to several equity offerings, and $15,000 during
fiscal year 2021 in relation to the change in the Company’s Independent Registered Public Accounting 
Firm. 

(2)  Tax Fees include fees for tax consulting and tax return preparation assistance and review. 
(3)  All Other Fees for fiscal 2021 and 2020 includes subscription fee for KPMG’s accounting research tool. 

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures 

The  Audit  Committee’s  policy  is  that  all  audit  services  and  all  non-audit  services  to  be  provided  to  us  by  our 
independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  must  be  approved  in  advance  by  our  Audit  Committee.  The  Audit 
Committee’s approval procedures include the review and approval of a description of the services that documents the fees 
for all audit services and non-audit services, primarily tax advice and tax return preparation and review. 

All  audit  services  and  all  non-audit  services  in  fiscal  years  2021  and  2020  were  pre-approved  by  the  Audit 
Committee. The Audit Committee has determined that the provision of the non-audit services for which these fees were 
rendered is compatible with maintaining the independent auditor’s independence. 

10 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
       
  
  
     
         
    
 
  
  
  
     
         
    
  
     
         
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART IV 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

Exhibit 
Number 

Description 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3.6 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 
10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.6 

10.7 

10.8 

   Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  registrant  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  3.1  to  our 

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed September 14, 2007). 

   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. dated October 
27, 2015 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 28, 
2015). 

   Amended and Restated Bylaws of the registrant (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the Current 

Report on Form 8-K filed June 23, 2016). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State 
of the State of Delaware on October 21, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 21, 2016). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State 
of the State of Delaware on December 7, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 7, 2018). 

   Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, filed with the Secretary of State 
of the State of Delaware on March 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2019). 

   Specimen  certificate  of  Common  Stock  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  4.1  to  Form  S-1/A  filed 

March 19, 2007). 

   Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report 

on Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 

   Description of Company Securities. 
   Amended  and  Restated  2006  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  A  to  Proxy 

Statement filed August 28, 2013).* 

   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed March 

14, 2011).* 

   Employment  Agreement,  dated  December  29,  2014,  between  George  H.  Kirby  and  Ocean  Power 

Technologies, Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed March 11, 2015).* 

   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated June 2, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to 

Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2016). 

   Form of Amendment No. 1 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 7, 2016 (incorporated by reference 

to Exhibit 99.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 

   2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan* (incorporated by reference to Annex A to Proxy Statement filed on September 

3, 2015). 

   Stipulation and Agreement of Class Settlement dated as of May 5, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 11, 2016). 

   Agreement by and between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., 
Ltd dated May 31, 2016 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed 
on June 6, 2016). 

10.9 

   Form of the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated June 2, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to 

the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2016). 

10.10 

   Form  of  Amendment  No.  1  to  the  Securities  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  June  7,  2016  (incorporated  by 

reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on June 7, 2016). 

10.11 

   Form of Amendment No. 2, dated as of July 21, 2016, to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 
2,  2016,  by  and  among  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and  the  investor’s  signatory  thereto,  and 
(incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 21, 2016). 

10.12 

   Form  of  Subscription  Agreement,  dated  July  22,  2016  between  the  Company  and  the  Purchasers  thereto 

(incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 22, 2016). 

 10.13 

   Employment  Letter  between  the  Company  and  Matthew  Shafer  dated  August  23,  2016,  (incorporated  by 

reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 29, 2016). 

10.14 

   Agreement by and between the Company and the U.S. Office of Naval Research dated September 13, 2016 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 
14, 2016). 

10.15 

   Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference 

to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2018).* 

10.16 

   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by 

reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 19, 2018).* 

11 

 
  
     
  
  
     
10.17 

   Contract between Eni S.p.A. and the Company dated March 14, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 19, 2018). +  

10.18 

   Contract  between  Harbour  Energby  UK  Limited  and  the  Company  dated  June  27,  2018  (incorporated  by 

reference to Exhibit 10.27 to Form 10-K filed with the SEC on July 17, 2018).+ 

10.19 

   Amendment to the Employment Agreement of George H. Kirby III (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 

to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 18, 2018). *  

10.20 

   Contract between U.S. Navy and the Company dated February 11, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.2 to Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on March 11, 2019). 

10.21 

   Form of Warrant Agency Agreement by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
collectively as warrant agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Amendment No.2 to the Company’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (file No. 333-230199, filed with the SEC on April 3, 2019). 

10.22 

   Form of Common Warrant ((incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on 

April 5, 2019). 

10.23 

   Form of Pre-Funded Warrant ((incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on 

April 5, 2019). 

10.24 

   Warrant Agency Agreement between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, 
N.A. dated April 8, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 
8, 2019). 

10.25 

   Contract  amendment  between  Harbour  Energy  UK  Limited  and  the  Company  dated  June  24,  2019 

10.26 

10.27 

10.28 

(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 25, 2019).+ 

   Lease Agreement dated March 31, 2017 between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and PPH Industrial 28 
Engelhard, LLC (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K filed with the SEC on July 22, 2019). 
Supply and Service Contract between the Company and Empresa Electrica Panguipulli S.A. dated September 
19, 2019 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 
23, 2019). + 
Supply and Service Contract between the Company and Enel Green Power Chile LTDA dated September 19, 
2019 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 23, 
2019). + 

10.29 

   Contract amendment between Eni s.P.a. and the Company dated February 28, 2020 (incorporated by reference 

10.30 

10.31 

10.32 

10.33 

10.34 

21.1 

23.1 

23.2 

31.1 
31.2 
32.1 
32.2 
101 

from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on March 9, 2020). 

   U.S. Small Business Administration Note dated May 3, 2020 of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. in favor of 
Santander Bank, N.A. as the Lender (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2020). 

   Loan Agreement dated May 3, 2020 between Santander Bank, N.A. and Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 
2020). 

   Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated September 18, 2020, between Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 
and Aspire Capital Fund, LLC (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on September 18, 2020). 

   Subcontract  between  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and  Adams  Communication  &  Engineering 
Technology  Inc.  dated  effective  October  20,  2020  (incorporated  by  reference  from  Exhibit  10.1  to  the 
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 27, 2020). 

   Sales  Agreement,  dated  November  20,  2020,  by  and  between  Ocean  Power  Technologies,  Inc.  and 
A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report 
on Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2020. 

   Subsidiaries of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K 

for the year ended April 30, 2021). 

   Consent of EisnerAmper LLP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 23.1 to the Company’s Annual Report 

on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on July 19, 2021). 

   Consent of KPMG (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 23.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-

K filed with the SEC on July 19, 2021). 
   Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
   Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002** 
   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002** 
   The following financial information from Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
for the annual period ended April 30, 2020, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): 
(i) Consolidated Balance Sheets - as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations 
- for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - for the 
years ended April 30, 2021 and 20120, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - for the years 
ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - for the years ended April 30, 
2021 and 2020, (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.*** 

12 

  
  
+ Indicates that confidential treatment has been requested for this exhibit. 

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

**  As  provided  in  Item  601(b)(32)(ii)  of  Regulation  S-K,  this  exhibit  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  “filed”  or  part  of  a 
registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and shall 
not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the liability 
under those sections. 

*** As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” or a part of a registration statement 
or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and shall not be deemed “filed” 
for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to the liability under those sections. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

Date: August 27, 2021 

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 

By: Philipp Stratmann 
   President and Chief Executive Officer 

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of 1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the 

following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: 

SIGNATURE 

TITLE 

DATE 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 
Philipp Stratmann 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 
Matthew T. Shafer 

/s/ Terence J. Cryan 
Terence J. Cryan 

/s/ Clyde W. Hewlett 
Clyde W. Hewlett 

/s/ Diana G. Purcel 
Diana G. Purcel 

/s/ Peter E. Slaiby 
Peter E. Slaiby 

   President, Chief Executive Officer 
   and Director (Principal Executive Officer)    

August 27, 2021 

   Senior Vice President, Chief Financial 

Officer and Treasurer 

   (Principal Financial and Accounting 

Officer) 

August 27, 2021 

   Chairman of the Board and Director 

August 27, 2021 

   Director 

   Director 

   Director 

August 27, 2021 

August 27, 2021 

August 27, 2021 

14 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
    
 
EXHIBIT 31.1 

I, Philipp Stratmann, certify that: 

CERTIFICATIONS 

1. 

I have reviewed this Amendment to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, 
and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a)  Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles; 

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of  internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of 
directors (or other persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 
Philipp Stratmann 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Dated: August 27, 2021 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2 

I, Matthew T. Shafer, certify that: 

CERTIFICATIONS 

1. 

I have reviewed this Amendment to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, 
and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a)  Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared; 

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 
be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles; 

(c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered 
by this report based on such evaluation; and 

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of  internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of 
directors (or other persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and 

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 
Matthew T. Shafer 
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer   

Dated: August 27, 2021 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION 
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.1 

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) for the 
year ended April 30, 2021, as amended, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the 
“Report”), the undersigned, Philipp Stratmann, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that: 

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 

as amended; and 

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 

of operations of the Company. 

/s/ Philipp Stratmann 
Philipp Stratmann 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Date: August 27, 2021 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been 
provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission 
or its staff upon request. 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION 
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.2 

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) for the 
year ended April 30, 2021, as amended, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the 
“Report”),  the  undersigned,  Matthew  T.  Shafer,  Senior  Vice  President,  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  Treasurer  of  the 
Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that: 

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 

as amended; and 

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 

of operations of the Company. 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 
Matthew T. Shafer 
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer   

Date: August 27, 2021 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been 
provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission 
or its staff upon request. 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION 
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO 
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.2 

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) for the 
year ended April 30, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the 
undersigned, Matthew T. Shafer, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant 
to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that: 

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 

amended; and 

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

operations of the Company. 

/s/ Matthew T. Shafer 
Matthew T. Shafer 
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer   

Date: July 19, 2021 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been 
provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission 
or its staff upon request. 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
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OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

DIRECTORS

Terence J. Cryan

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

REGISTRAR

Dr. Philipp Stratmann

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 

Independent Director and Chairman of 

President, Chief Executive Officer, and 

462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 

Executive Director 

Joseph DiPietro

Principal Accounting Officer, Acting 

Principal Financial Officer, Treasurer, and 

Controller

John W. Lawrence

General Counsel and Corporate Secretary 

Louisville, KY 40202

USA 

U.S. & Canada: 800-662-7232

International: 781-575-4238

www.computershare.com

SHARE PRICE INFORMATION

CONTACT US

The Company’s share price is quoted 

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc.

on the NYSE American under the symbol 

28 Engelhard Drive, Suite B

OPTT. Go to www.nyse.com to access 

Monroe Township, NJ 08831

the Company’s share price information. 

USA

In addition, the share price and other 

publicly released information are available 

at OPT’s website under the Investor 

Relations tab.

www.oceanpowertechnologies.com

Clyde W. Hewlett

Independent Director 

Diana G. Purcel

Independent Director

Peter E. Slaiby

Independent Director 

Dr. Philipp Stratmann

President, Chief Executive Officer, 

and Executive Director 

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

EisnerAmper LLP

11 Wood Avenue South

Islen, NJ 08830

USA

LEGAL ADVISOR

Porter Hedges LLP

1000 Main Street, 36th Floor

Houston, TX 77002

USA

BANKER

Santander Bank

3 Terry Drive

Newtown, PA 18974

USA 

Annual Report Design by Curran & Connors, Inc. / www.curran-connors.com

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. 

28 Engelhard Drive, Suite B 

Monroe Township, NJ 08831

www.oceanpowertechnologies.com

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