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FY2020 Annual Report · OCI
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ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS 2020

OUR OBJECTIVE

Oakley Capital Investments (‘OCI’) aims to provide 
shareholders with consistent long-term returns in excess of 
the FTSE All-Share Index by providing exposure to private 
equity returns, where value can be created through market 
growth, consolidation and performance improvement.

OUR STRATEGY

OCI (the ‘Company’) provides liquid access to a portfolio 
of high-quality private companies and market-leading 
returns by investing in the Funds managed by Oakley 
Capital (‘Oakley’). Oakley invests in businesses across 
Western Europe in three distinct sectors – Technology, 
Consumer and Education – with a clear focus on digital 
business models.

The Company 
delivered a total 
Net Asset Value 
(‘NAV’) return of 
18% in 2020 and 
grew its NAV  
to £728 million.

01

 CONTENTS

Overview 

Strategic Report

Governance 

Consolidated Financial Statements

14  The Oakley difference

46  Board of Directors

78  Independent Auditor’s report

83  Consolidated statement of  
comprehensive income

84  Consolidated balance sheet

85  Consolidated statement of 

changes in equity

86  Consolidated statement of  

cash flows

87  Notes to the Consolidated 

Financial Statements

115  Directors and advisers 

116  Glossary

02  Why invest? 

03   Financial highlights

04  Portfolio activity 

06  Chair’s statement

08  At a glance

15  Investment Adviser’s report

48  Directors’ report

18  Investment Adviser’s approach

54  Investment policy

20  Case study: WebPros

55  Statement of Directors’ 

21  Overview of Oakley Funds

responsibilities

10   Portfolio overview

23  OCI NAV overview

26  Outstanding commitments  

of OCI

56  Corporate Governance report

63  Audit Committee report

65  Risk Committee report

27  Overview of OCI’s underlying 

66  Principal risks  

investments 

and uncertainties

29  Technology portfolio companies

68  Nomination Committee report

34  Consumer portfolio companies

69  Management Engagement 

38  Education portfolio  

companies

41  Environmental, Social  
and Governance policy

Committee report

70   Governance, Regulatory and 

Compliance Committee report

71  Remuneration Committee report

72  Directors’ Remuneration report

73  Alternative Investment Fund 

Managers’ Directive

74  Shareholder information

75  Why invest in listed  
private equity?

www.oakleycapitalinvestments.com 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsWHY INVEST?

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

02

OCI investors 
gain liquid 
access to a 
differentiated 
model of private 
equity investing 
that delivers 
consistent 
returns.

MARKET-LEADING 
RETURNS

HIGH-QUALITY 
PORTFOLIO COMPANIES

REPEATABLE        
SUCCESS

Market-leading and consistent returns  
drive capital growth for shareholders.  
OCI’s ten-year total shareholder return is 
112% versus 72% delivered by the FTSE 
All-Share.

Returns are driven by profit growth in a 
high-quality portfolio of companies across 
Western Europe. Their business models 
are focused on tech-enabled services and 
digital platforms that have delivered strong 
trading performance, despite global 
economic disruption. 

OCI benefits from its partnership with 
Oakley, whose success is built on 
proprietary origination, with over 75% of 
deals being uncontested. Central to the 
ability to repeatedly source and execute 
attractive deals is Oakley’s established 
network of successful business founders 
and entrepreneurs who help to identify 
opportunities and drive growth.

OverviewFINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The Company’s 
NAV per share 
increased in the 
year by 58 pence 
to 403 pence  
per share.

03

OCI performance

Net Asset Value (‘NAV’)

Total NAV return

Five-year p.a. total return

Total shareholder return

The total NAV of the Company 
at 31 December 2020 was:

As at 31 December 2020, the  
total NAV return per share was:

As at 31 December 2020, the five-
year annualised total NAV return per 
share was:

As at 31 December 2020, the share  
price was 286.5p with a total 
shareholder return for the year of:

£728m

18%

16%

2020

2019

2018

£728m

£686m

£575m

2020

2019

2018

18%

16%

25%

2020

2019

2018

9%

16%

2020

9%

13%

2019

56%

8%

2018

9%

OCI balance sheet and distributions

Cash

(31% of NAV)

£223m

2020

£223m

2019

£49m

2018

£108m

Portfolio companies

Outstanding fund 
commitments

(70% of NAV)

£512m

2020

2019

2018

£152m

Dividend

The full-year dividend for the year 
ending 31 December 2020 was:

4.5 pence

£512m

£429m

2020

2019

2018

4.5p

4.5p

4.5p

LTM EBITDA growth

EV/EBITDA multiple

Net debt/EBITDA ratio

20%

2020

2019

2018

20%

11.8x

30%

39%

2020

2019

2018

11.8x

12.1x

12.6x

3.9x

2020

2019

2018

3.9x

3.7x

3.8x

OCI assesses its performance using a variety of measures that are not specifically defined under IFRS and are therefore termed Alternative Performance Measures (‘APMs’). 
These APMs have been used as they are considered by the Board to be the most relevant basis for shareholders in assessing the performance of the Company. The APMs used 
by the Company are listed in the glossary, along with their definition/explanation, their closest IFRS measure and where appropriate, reconciliations to those IFRS measures.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsOverview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

04

PORTFOLIO ACTIVITY

An active year for investments 
by the Oakley Funds

Investments – £152 million invested1

WebPros

Ocean Technologies Group (‘Ocean’)

Ocean Technologies Group 

7NXT  

North Sails   

OCI investment £42m

OCI investment £1m

OCI investment £1m

OCI investment £11m

OCI investment £28m

Following Fund III’s exit of 
WebPros, Fund IV made 
a follow-on investment to 
benefit from the significant 
long-term growth potential 
of the business.

Ocean completed the add-on acquisition 
of MTS, a marine e-learning content and 
distribution business.

Ocean completed the add-on 
acquisition of Marlins, V. Group’s 
e-learning subsidiary.

The Origin Fund completed 
its first investment through 
the acquisition of a majority 
stake in 7NXT, the leading 
online fitness and nutrition 
platform in the German-
speaking region.

A direct debt investment 
was provided to North 
Sails as growth capital for 
North Kiteboarding and 
North Sails Apparel.

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Globe-Trotter  

OCI investment £6m

Fund III acquired a majority 
stake in Globe-Trotter, the 
British luxury luggage brand. 
Globe-Trotter has been 
combined with Alessi to  
form the Iconic BrandCo.

Time Out  

OCI investment £24m

OCI purchased new shares 
in Time Out’s equity placing, 
both directly and through 
Fund I. 

WindStar Medical   

Ekon   

OCI investment £31m

OCI investment £4m

Fund IV acquired a majority 
stake in WindStar Medical, 
Germany’s leading over-
the-counter consumer 
healthcare company.

Ekon completed the 
add-on acquisitions of 
Contasimple and Billage, 
accounting software for 
freelancers and micro-
companies, respectively.

View current portfolio company details on page 29-40

1 All investments on a look-through basis. The timeline excludes direct debt investments in Oakley Funds.

PORTFOLIO ACTIVITY CONTINUED

Realisations and refinancings 

Realisations – £341 million realised1

WebPros

atHome

Exit –  
£117m OCI proceeds 

Partial exit –  
£15m OCI proceeds 

Fund III sold its stake in 
WebPros at a 92% premium 
to the 30 June 2019 interim 
carrying value.

Fund III sold its majority 
stake in atHome Group,  
a leading online classifieds 
and mortgage-broking 
business in Luxembourg.

Time Out 

Debt repayment – 
£27m OCI proceeds

Following the Time Out 
fund raise, all outstanding 
OCI loans and interest 
were repaid and all  
loan facilities were 
subsequently cancelled.

05

Wishcard Technologies Group 

Career Partner Group  

Refinancing –  
£7m OCI proceeds

Wishcard completed a refinancing, 
resulting in a distribution to Fund IV.

Refinancing –  
£2m OCI proceeds

Career Partner Group 
completed a refinancing 
resulting in a distribution  
to Fund III.

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Career Partner Group 

Refinancing – 
£19m OCI proceeds

Career Partner Group 
completed a refinancing 
resulting in a distribution  
to Fund III.

Inspired  

Exit – 
£97m OCI proceeds

OCI exited both its direct 
holding and its Fund II 
indirect holding in Inspired. 
The realisation was at a 
25% gain over carried     
fair value.

Facile   
Refinancing –  
£9m OCI proceeds

Facile completed a 
refinancing, resulting in  
a distribution to Fund III.

Casa    

Exit – 
£35m OCI proceeds

Fund III sold its stake in 
Casa, one of the leading 
players in the online real 
estate classifieds market 
in Italy.

View current portfolio company details on page 29-40

1 All realisations and refinancings on a look-through basis. The timeline excludes direct debt repayments from Oakley Funds.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCHAIR’S STATEMENT 

06

Portfolio 
strength delivers 
sustainable 
growth.

18 million

c.500k

Shares bought back for cancellation

Average daily share liquidity

In a year of significant disruption, it is 
testament to the strength of OCI’s proposition 
that, despite unprecedented global events,  
its value has grown materially over the last year. 
This strength has been underpinned by three 
factors: the quality of the portfolio companies 
whose earnings grew an average 20% in 
2020; the support and leadership that Oakley 
Capital and investee company management 
have shown throughout the pandemic; and the 
value-enhancing measures taken in the year, 
including the buy-back and cancellation of  
18 million OCI shares.

Portfolio performance
A total net asset value (‘NAV’) return of 18% 
in 2020 exceeded the five-year compound 
annual growth rate of 16%. This repeated 
level of performance highlights the sustained 
growth of the portfolio companies and the 
repeatability of Oakley Capital’s origination 
model, which is described within the Strategic 
Report, on page 19. The largest contributor 
to the rise in portfolio value was the growth 
in investee companies’ earnings. With a large 
majority of the companies delivering their 
products or services digitally, the portfolio 
benefited from the rising adoption of consumer 
and business technology solutions – an already 
growing trend which accelerated rapidly during 
the year.

A stand-out performer within the portfolio  
was online private university company, Career 
Partner Group (‘CPG’), which added 34 pence 
to the NAV per share in the period. As a 
digitally native business, CPG benefited from 
the growing appetite for online education and 
achieved record student intake growth of 98% 
year-on-year. CPG’s market-leading position 
and the structural tail winds it enjoys both 
typify an Oakley business, and the Board is 
encouraged by its prospects and continued 
contribution to OCI’s NAV growth.

Portfolio activity
The Funds’ Investment Adviser, Oakley Capital, 
has maintained a high level of activity (see 
pages 4 and 5), despite the restrictions on 
travel and the challenge of price discovery 
during a period of considerable uncertainty. 
Eight deals were completed, including four 
bolt-ons, which resulted in a total look-through 
investment for OCI of £152 million.

Exits and refinancings also continued 
unabated, including two significant realisations 
of investments, in Inspired and WebPros, 
from which OCI received proceeds totalling 
£341 million. Most notable is the premium 
achieved at exit, with the average weighted 
premium over the latest disclosed book value 
since inception rising to 44%. This underlines 
the release of value at exit and the continued 

successful repositioning of the portfolio 
companies under Oakley’s ownership. 

Cash and commitments
At year end, OCI had no leverage and held cash 
on the balance sheet of £223 million, amounting 
to 31% of NAV. This cash level, the result of 
realisations during the period, is significantly 
higher than the Board’s target, with the long-
term average being 15–20% of NAV. However, 
the timing is helpful as we enter a period of 
significant investment opportunity and it is 
notable that, on average, fund vintages that 
follow a macroeconomic downturn outperform.

The Board demonstrated its commitment to 
maximising OCI’s exposure to the Oakley 
Funds via its participation in the newly 
launched Oakley Capital Origin Fund. The 
Company made a total commitment of  
€129 million (£116 million), which included 
an increase in commitment at its final close 
in January 2021. The Origin Fund is a natural 
progression for Oakley as it looks to continue 
its strong track record in lower mid-market 
investments, where it has achieved gross 
returns of 3.6x MM and 63% IRR to date.

This brings OCI’s total outstanding 
commitments to the Oakley Funds to  
£534 million, which we expect to be deployed 
over the next five years.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCHAIR’S STATEMENT CONTINUED

We are confident 
in the long-term 
performance 
of the Oakley 
Funds and their 
ability to create 
sustainable and 
consistent value 
for shareholders.

07

Direct investments
In keeping with the Board’s intention to realise 
direct investments over the short to medium 
term, outstanding loan notes with Time Out and 
Daisy were repaid, and a direct equity stake in 
Inspired was realised. In addition, all adviser 
management and performance fees have been 
removed from current direct investments and 
the interest rate on the remaining debt position 
in North Sails has been increased from a 
blended rate of 8% to 10%.

Share purchases and liquidity
In line with the Board’s commitment to the 
Company it has continued its share buy-back 
programme, acquiring and cancelling a total 
of 18 million shares in the year at an average 
230 pence per share. This resulted in a NAV 
per share uplift of 12.6 pence. This level of 
shareholder value creation endorses our 
approach to capital management, with further 
buy-backs anticipated, as the balance of cash 
and future drawdowns allow.

OCI Board members and Oakley partners 
continued to purchase OCI shares throughout 
the year, with their combined holding reaching 
10% of the shares in issue. This further 
reinforces the alignment of interests between 
the Board, Oakley Capital and our shareholders.

We are pleased to report that a combination 
of share buy-backs, increased and improved 
disclosure and higher levels of investor 
engagement have significantly improved OCI’s 
share liquidity and share register diversification. 
Since 2019, the top ten shareholders’ combined 
holding has fallen from 70% to 66% and the 
average daily share volume had reached almost 
500,000 in 2020. Most encouraging is the 
increasing presence of private investors on 
the register, with OCI providing liquid access 
to the superior returns generated by private 
equity investment, which may otherwise be 
inaccessible to them.

ESG
At OCI we believe that investing responsibly will 
protect and create value, beyond the standard 
drivers of compliance and risk management. 
As part of our commitment to responsible 
investing, we are pleased to report that Oakley 
Capital has appointed a Head of Sustainability 
who has been working closely with the Board to 
assist with our ESG engagement and reporting. 
We have begun to revise and further develop 
methods to better assess and integrate ESG into 
the investment cycle, and will continue to launch 
new policies and procedures over the coming 
months. As referenced in the ESG report on 
page 41, we are proud of how Oakley and the 
portfolio companies responded to COVID-19 
and continue to support efforts which will  
help ease the burden on employees and  
local communities. 

Discount
The share price volatility, driven by widespread 
uncertainty as to the economic impact 
of the pandemic, resulted in OCI’s share 
price discount to NAV per share widening 
considerably in the period. Some of this 
ground has been recovered, with a total 
shareholder return of 9% during the year,  
but a material discount persists. We expect 
that sustained strong performance across  
the portfolio, alongside the continued work of 
the Board and its advisers, as outlined above, 
will result in closing the discount over time.

Board update
At the beginning of October, the Board 
welcomed Fiona Beck as an independent 
Non-Executive Director. Fiona is a member 
of the Chartered Accountants of Australia 
and New Zealand, and brings a wealth of 
technology and public company board 
experience to OCI. In strengthening the Board 
by adding independent members with diverse 
perspectives and deep expertise, we believe 

we are well-positioned to support OCI as it 
continues to grow.

During the period, Laurence Blackall retired 
from the Board after over ten years’ service 
and Craig Bodenstab also stepped down. 
We thank them both for their significant 
contributions to OCI and wish them all the  
very best for the future.

Dividend
In October, an interim dividend of 2.25 pence 
per share was paid for the period ending  
30 June 2020. We are pleased to announce that 
a final dividend for 2020 of 2.25 pence per share 
will be paid in April 2021.

Prospects
The outlook for the global economy and equity 
markets remains uncertain as a consequence 
of the unknown impact of the COVID-19 
pandemic. All businesses have been affected 
by the turbulence of the past 12 months and 
we expect this disruption to continue to impact 
the companies in the Oakley portfolio to 
varying degrees.

However, we remain confident in the long-term 
performance of the Oakley Funds and their 
ability to create sustainable and consistent 
value for OCI shareholders. The existing 
portfolio of companies is well-positioned to 
meet the changing needs of consumers and 
businesses and, as detailed in the Investment 
Adviser’s report, Oakley is appraising a 
considerable number of attractive and 
proprietary investment opportunities, which 
should ensure that the performance of the 
Oakley Funds is sustainable for many years  
to come.

Caroline Foulger

Chair 
10 March 2021

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsAT A GLANCE 

Returns 
driven by profit 
growth in a high-
quality portfolio 
of companies.

OCI provides access to the performance of a portfolio of private companies through both  
its investments in the Oakley Capital managed Funds and its direct investments.

Oakley Fund investments

Direct investments

Cash and other

Total
£354.7m

% of OCI NAV
49%

Total
£150.4m

% of OCI NAV
20%

Total
£222.8m

% of OCI NAV
31%

08

Read more on page 21

Read more on page 28

Read more on page 26

Total 
Portfolio1 
£638.2m 

Technology: £184.9m 

Consumer: £260.6m 

Education: £192.7m 

2020

2019

2018

£184.9m

£186.4m

£247.9m

2020

2019

2018

£144.0m

£260.6m

£236.6m

2020

2019

2018

£192.7m

£231.5m

£173.1m

Read more on page 29

Read more on page 34

Read more on page 38

The sectors of portfolio companies have been updated for 2020 to reflect latest business models. Prior year figures have been adjusted to enable comparison.

1 The Total Portfolio is the fair value of OCI’s investments, made up of the Oakley Funds’ investments on a look-through basis, and OCI’s direct investments.  
See the Glossary for a reconciliation of the Total Portfolio to OCI’s NAV.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsAT A GLANCE CONTINUED

NAV per share 
of 403 pence, 
outperforming 
FTSE All-Share 
Index for the  
last ten years.

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

09

NAV per share since inception (£)

4.50

4.00

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0

4.03

3.45

£4.03

2.81

2.45

2.31

Continued strong NAV growth 
in 2020, despite the COVID-19 
impact.

1.68

1.71

1.81

2.00

2.01

2.00

1.41

0.99

1.08

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

31 December 2020 NAV per share

Ten-year outperformance

OCI share price versus FTSE All-Share Index1

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

FTSE All-Share

OCI Share Price

1 Performance record rebased to 100 at 31 December 2010.

301%

Significant outperformance 
versus FTSE All-Share Index 
continued in 2020.

PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW

The composition of 
OCI’s underlying 
portfolio company 
exposure, 
combining 
look-through 
investments in the 
Oakley Funds and 
direct investments.

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

10

Portfolio breakdown by Company
Look-through investments in the Oakley Funds and direct investments.

Ocean Technologies Group

WebPros

AMOS

Schülerhilfe

Facile

Daisy

Career Partner Group

Iconic BrandCo

Wishcard Technologies Group 

WindStar Medical

Daisy direct debt

Ekon

TechInsights

7NXT
Contabo
atHome

North Sails

North Sails direct debt

Time Out

 Consumer

 North Sails

 Time Out

Education

£137.8m

 Career Partner Group

£43.3m

 Schülerhilfe

 WindStar Medical1 

£42.7m

 Ocean Technologies Group

 Wishcard Technologies Group   

£20.7m

 AMOS

 Iconic BrandCo

£16.1m

£100.5m

£47.5m

£25.9m

£18.8m

Technology

 WebPros 

 Facile

 Daisy

 Ekon

 TechInsights

 7NXT

 Contabo

 atHome

£50.4m

£35.0m

£34.6m

£21.7m

£15.5m

£10.3m

£9.7m

£7.7m

£184.9m

£260.6m

£192.7m

1  Following the year end, a proportion of the original investment cost of WindStar Medical was syndicated to co-investors, reducing the fair value of OCI’s look-through investment. This was 

offset by an increase in other fund assets and liabilities. This had no impact on the NAV of OCI’s total investment in Oakley Fund IV.

PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW CONTINUED

The portfolio 
companies had 
the biggest impact 
on NAV during the 
year, the stand-
out performer            
was CPG.

11

Leading impact on NAV

Career Partner Group

Inspired

Casa

Time Out

Record student registration 
for online courses increased 
its fair value by 70%. 

Full realisation at a 25% 
premium to the December 
2019 book value. 

Realisation at a 50% 
premium to the June 2020 
carrying value. 

70% share price drop, 
as a result of COVID-19 
lockdowns. 

After a strong 2019, Career 
Partner Group continued 
to exhibit this performance 
throughout 2020. As a digitally 
native business, CPG benefited 
from the growing appetite for 
online education and achieved 
student intake growth of 98% 
versus the prior year. This level 
of growth in both Online and 
Dual Studies has led CPG  
to become the largest and 
fastest growing university 
group in Germany. 

In April 2020, Fund II and 
OCI sold down their stakes in 
Inspired in full, following partial 
realisations in 2017 and 2019. 
The initial investment  
in the Group was made in  
July 2013 and since then, 
Inspired expanded across 
Africa, Europe, Asia and  
South America. At the time 
of Oakley’s exit, Inspired 
educated over 45,000 students 
across 64 premium schools  
and early learning centres,  
and had become one of the 
leading global groups of 
premium schools.

Fund III realised its stake 
in Casa, one of the leading 
players in the online real estate 
classifieds market in Italy.  
Fund III originally invested in 
the business in 2017, as part of 
the acquisition of a portfolio 
of classifieds businesses, 
which comprised Casa in Italy 
and atHome in Luxembourg. 
Under Oakley’s ownership, 
Casa significantly expanded 
its customer base, servicing 
over 14,000 real estate agents 
with over one million property 
listings on its website.

Time Out has been significantly 
impacted by COVID-19, with 
the temporary closure of its 
six markets and a reduction 
in advertising demand. In 
response, Time Out raised 
equity of £47 million to support 
the business and enable the 
continued roll-out of the Time 
Out Markets. The Markets 
have been adapted to include 
distanced seating plans, table 
partitioning and sanitisation 
systems, so that they are well-
equipped to welcome guests 
back for an enjoyable and safe 
dining experience when local 
lockdown rules are lifted. 

+34 pence
NAV per share uplift

+10 pence
NAV per share uplift

+10 pence 
NAV per share uplift

-30 pence 
NAV per share decline

Read more on page 39

Read more on page 35

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsOverview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

12

Strategic Report

14  The Oakley difference

15  Investment Adviser’s report

18  Investment Adviser’s approach

20  Case study: WebPros

21  Overview of Oakley Funds

23  OCI NAV overview

26  Outstanding commitments of OCI

27  Overview of OCI’s underlying investments

29  Technology portfolio companies

34  Consumer portfolio companies

38  Education portfolio companies

41  Environmental, Social and Governance policy

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

13

New investment: 
7NXT

Oakley’s strong reputation in the DACH region,  
built through previous successful investments and its 
strong network of relationships with local founders,  
is key to providing deal origination advantages.  
This expertise enabled the Origin Fund to acquire 
7NXT, the leading online fitness and nutrition platform 
in the German-speaking region, which was sourced 
via Oakley’s long-standing relationship with founder  
and CEO Markan Karajica.

Oakley will partner with Markan and the management 
team to scale 7NXT in the rapidly growing online 
fitness and health market and accelerate both 
its domestic and international growth. Oakley 
will support the management team through its 
network, operational experience and expertise in 
the technology sector, established through its track 
record of successful investments  
in market-leading platforms.

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

14

t i v e

a

   C r e

The ability and  
experience to tackle  
complex transactions and 
release unseen pockets  
of value.
Over 40% 
of deals are carve-outs.

THE OAKLEY DIFFERENCE

The foundation of 
Oakley’s success is 
built on its proprietary 
origination, with over 
75% of deals being 
uncontested.

C o ll a b orative

Entrepreneurial, open, 
decisive and focused 
on building lasting 
partnerships.
Over 85%
of deals have Oakley as the  
Company’s first PE investor.

n n e c ted

o

C

An established network 
of business founders that 
identify opportunities and 
drive growth.
Over 20
successful entrepreneurs have 
been backed by Oakley, many 
on repeated occasions. 

INVESTMENT  
ADVISER’S REPORT

Oakley Capital 
reflects on the 
strength of its 
portfolio amidst 
challenging 
circumstances 
in 2020 and  
discusses 
its strategic 
positioning 
for the post-
pandemic era.

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

15

Strong portfolio performance
In a year upended by the emergence and 
spread of COVID-19, companies everywhere 
have been on a tumultuous and demanding 
journey. Business plans have been reimagined, 
priorities shifted, and emerging trends 
propelled forward as the world adapts to 
new ways of living and working. 

A defining feature of 2020 was the acceleration 
of digitalisation and the increased pace of 
adoption of new technologies, a trend which 
helped drive the Oakley Capital portfolio’s 
strong performance during the year. Our 
portfolio has a strong bias towards digital 
business models, with a focus on software, 
tech-enabled services and online platforms, 
all of which experienced enhanced growth 
during 2020, as people and businesses further 
migrated online. 

While all companies have faced some form of 
operational challenges due to COVID-19, the 
financial impact has varied greatly for different 
types of businesses. 

14 of 17

3

Portfolio companies experienced little or 
no trading impact as a result of COVID-19

New investments were made in 
well-established brands

The Oakley Capital portfolio can be divided into 
three distinct COVID-19 impact categories:

•  Expectations met or exceeded – ten of  

our portfolio companies grew EBITDA at  
or above pre-COVID expectations, as  
they benefited from robust or expanding 
demand for Business Service Software, 
Web Hosting, Online Consumer platforms 
and Education Technology

•  Modest impact – four companies in our 
portfolio experienced some disruption  
to their expected financial performance, 
as new business wins or enrolments were 
impeded by social restrictions affecting 
certain areas of the Telecoms and  
Education sectors

•  Significant impact – three portfolio 

companies suffered material disruption 
to their operations, as businesses with 
physical footprints and direct-to-consumer 
models were impacted by repeated 
Europe-wide lockdowns

With Oakley’s selective approach and 
targeting of key themes such as digitalisation 
and subscription-based revenue models, 
overall the portfolio delivered positive and 
sustainable performance, with continued 
growth in 2020.

Protecting stakeholders and 
implementing operational excellence
Throughout the pandemic, Oakley has placed 
the safety and welfare of its colleagues, 
investors, and all other stakeholders as its 
highest priority. 

As the crisis unfolded, we immediately took 
the necessary steps to protect the health 
of our colleagues while ensuring business 
continuity. The team was well prepared with 
secure remote access to our systems already 
in place, allowing us to continue to work from 
our homes safely and without disruption.

We also provided extensive support to help 
our portfolio companies safeguard their 
employees, assets and manage the crisis. 
Oakley has always been a highly engaged 
investor, which meant that we were well placed 
to work closely with management teams to 
help adapt their operations, navigate potential 
pitfalls, update their strategies, and implement 
new ways of working. We further strengthened 
our lines of communication with all of our 
portfolio companies and undertook extensive 
monitoring to ensure that we could anticipate 
and quickly respond to new developments. 
Furthermore, we conducted detailed risk 
assessments on each of the portfolio 
companies to identify potential weaknesses, 
opportunities and address concerns.

INVESTMENT ADVISER’S REPORT CONTINUED

Overview

Strategic Report

Governance

Consolidated Financial Statements

16

We are optimistic 
that there are 
considerable 
opportunities 
for Oakley 
to source 
acquisitions 
at optimal 
valuations.

Proactive engagement in a rapidly 
evolving market
COVID-19 had a marked impact on private 
equity dealmaking during 2020, with a 
reduction in the high levels of activity seen in 
previous years. A number of factors combined 
to depress activity. Plans for the acquisition  
or disposal of assets were paused as the 
macro environment deteriorated and new 
social restrictions created uncertainty; private 
equity firms’ bandwidth was absorbed by 
a focus on supporting existing portfolio 
companies; and credit markets initially froze 
until market volatility began to stabilise. As the 
pandemic took full effect in Q2, deal count 
and value across that quarter dropped to  
their lowest levels since 2015, at 1,011 and 
$65 billion respectively.1 

While this pause in dealmaking contributed to 
a c.2% fall in market activity for the full year, 
signs of recovery showed in the second half 
of 2020.2 The industry adapted to the new 
market environment and transaction levels 
began to rebound, as fund managers adjusted 
to the “new normal” and began capitalising on 
opportunities to deploy capital. 

1,402 deals were agreed in Q3, followed by a 
further increase in activity in Q4, when 1,942 
deals were announced with an aggregate value 
of $158 billion.1

Oakley remained highly active throughout 
the year and despite dedicating significant 
resource to supporting our portfolio, we 
were able to remain vigilant and capitalise 
on opportunities throughout the year to 
continue investing, divesting, refinancing 
and fundraising. Oakley made two well-
timed exits in Q1 and Q2, and our network 
of entrepreneurs and managers continued to 
help us source attractive new investments. 
Across 2020 we made three new investments 
in well-established brands across the fitness, 
healthcare and luxury sectors, with all three 
companies having significant opportunities to 
increase sales, expand their product verticals, 
and benefit from the growth in digital adoption.

Our pipeline of potential new investments in 
exciting businesses that meet our rigorous 
criteria for investment and play into our key 
strategic themes had also grown across 2020. 

Despite the considerable uncertainty 
generated by the pandemic, COVID-19 has 
become a catalyst, if not the direct cause, of 
more high-quality companies seeking private 
equity backing. Many have recognised during 
the pandemic that they lack the valuable 
support, expertise and capital resources that 
we can offer, as well as the security that being 
part of a bigger organisation can provide. 

Given this, we are optimistic that there are 
considerable opportunities for experienced 
investors, such as Oakley, to source high-
quality acquisitions at attractive valuations. 
Underpinning that confidence is our ability  
to source deals through proprietary means. 
We unashamedly disagree with the commonly-
held view that private equity sourcing relies 
on the analysis of a universe of companies via 
algorithms and screening processes. Oakley 
continues to source new deals predominantly 
via exclusive introductions, often driven by our 
well-established network of entrepreneurs. 
Within Oakley’s portfolio, 75% of businesses 
have been sourced outside of an auction 
process and it is this network that will enable 
us to consistently secure advantageous 
investment opportunities in the future.

€455m

3.6x

Expected final commitments to the Origin 
Fund, which closed to institutional investors 
in January 2021

Gross MM achieved on lower mid-market 
investments as at 31 December 2020

1 Source: Preqin  
2 Source: Pitchbook

INVESTMENT ADVISER’S REPORT CONTINUED

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Consolidated Financial Statements

17

The Origin Fund 
is Oakley’s first 
dedicated vehicle  
for investing in 
lower mid-market 
companies.

Technological adoption has accelerated, 
with corporate migration to cloud services 
and digital infrastructure delivering recurring 
revenues for vendors and creating new 
efficiencies for customers. The move to mass 
digital consumption is empowering those 
businesses who can best utilise data and 
analytics, creating value for customers via 
tailored products and services and driving the 
balance of power shift towards well-managed 
and established consumer brands. These 
trends are at the heart of Oakley’s investment 
approach and expertise. 

We will continue to identify and support 
ambitious entrepreneurs and companies that 
benefit from these powerful dynamics and who 
share our vision, working with them to capture 
greater market share, enter new markets, and 
drive their businesses forward.

Raising capital in a virtual world
Private equity fundraising continued in 2020, 
despite the impact of COVID-19. However, 
the pandemic and subsequent lockdowns 
accelerated a trend that saw fewer funds being 
raised but with a significantly increased average 
fund size.1 With face-to-face meetings made 
impossible, investors have shied away from 
investing with unfamiliar funds and have instead 
committed larger amounts to proven managers 
with strong track records and with whom they 
already have established relationships. 

In this environment it was notable that Oakley 
successfully raised its maiden Origin Fund, 
which closed in January 2021 with expected 
final commitments of €455 million, well above 
its target size of €350 million. The Origin Fund 
is part of a new fund family and is Oakley’s first 
dedicated vehicle for investing in lower mid-
market companies, building on the firm’s long 
and successful history in this segment. Thanks 
to strong investor demand, the Origin Fund 
was raised in just over six months throughout 
the pandemic, notably without face-to-face 
meetings with investors. 

The establishment of the Origin Fund series is 
a natural step for Oakley. Despite our flagship 
funds having grown in size over time (Fund IV 
closed at €1.46 billion in June 2019), and now 
focusing on larger sized mid-market businesses, 
we still see many attractive opportunities with 
smaller mid-market companies. 

The new Origin Fund will allow us to continue 
our long track-record of successful investment 
in the lower mid-market segment. The Origin 
Fund, supported by a dedicated investment 
team, has a strong pipeline of attractive deal 
opportunities and signed its first investment 
in 7NXT, a leading online fitness and nutrition 
platform in the German-speaking markets, 
in October 2020. 

Retaining a cautiously 
optimistic outlook
In light of continued uncertainty about the 
speed of the global vaccination roll-out and 
the efficacy of vaccines against new mutations 
of COVID-19, Oakley is maintaining a cautious 
view on society’s return to normality. We 
anticipate that social, political and economic 
shocks and aftershocks will continue to 
reverberate globally throughout 2021, 
and beyond.  

Nevertheless, aspects of the pandemic and 
indications about the post-pandemic era 
provide us with optimism about the future. 
After all, post-crisis vintage private equity 
funds have historically proven to be some 
of the best performing. COVID-19 has 
necessitated enormous change within the 
global economy and, thanks to Oakley’s 
strategic positioning, we have benefited  
from a number of trends as life and consumer 
habits have changed. 

INVESTMENT ADVISER’S APPROACH

Overview

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Consolidated Financial Statements

18

An established investor 
with superior returns.

Oakley is a leading private equity firm that specialises in investments in high-growth, mid-market companies 
operating in Western Europe.

Oakley invests in ambitious founders and entrepreneurs, building lasting partnerships that lead to many 
more opportunities. In doing so we overcome complexity, help drive businesses forward and create value 
for our investors. 

KEY 
RESOURCES

HOW WE 
INVEST

CREATING 
VALUE

GENERATING  
RETURNS

KEY RESOURCES

Team

Network

Experienced team of investment professionals, 
entrepreneurs and skilled operators.

Oakley builds close partnerships with 
entrepreneurial founders and managers. 

They provide an invaluable resource to broaden 
Oakley’s deal introduction network and deepen 
expertise within sector hubs.

Commitments

€173m

Commitments by Oakley 
management teams across 
the Oakley Funds

INVESTMENT ADVISER’S APPROACH CONTINUED
INVESTMENT ADVISER’S APPROACH CONTINUED

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19

HOW WE INVEST

Sector  
focus

Technology

Primarily Western 
European focus

Investment  
focus

Education

Consumer

North America

Spain

Norway

France

UK

DACH

Italy

Up to €400m 
enterprise  
value

Primary deals

85%

Primary deals                     
since inception 

CREATING VALUE

Buy-and-build

Growth acceleration

Business transformation

EBITDA growth

Creating scale and synergies 
through targeted M&A.

Helping portfolio companies 
to achieve their full potential 
with appropriate capital and 
operational resources.

Providing support in the transition 
from entrepreneurial ownership 
to businesses with scalable and 
sustainable operations.

20%

Average EBITDA growth across 
the underlying portfolio 

GENERATING RETURNS

Oakley Funds1

MM2

IRR2

OCI’s investment in the Oakley Funds

Realised IRR

Oakley Fund I (vintage 2007)

2.0x  36%

Capital called to date

Oakley Fund II (vintage 2013)

2.3x 37%

Capital returned to date

Oakley Fund III (vintage 2016)

2.8x 51%

Remaining fair value of Oakley Funds

£621.8m

£784.9m

£354.7m

77%

Across all Funds 

1 Fund IV and Origin Fund are early stage and therefore returns have not been included.

2 Gross Money Multiple and Gross IRR are based upon realised and unrealised portfolio returns as at 31 December 2020.

Overview

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20

CASE STUDY: WEBPROS

Creating the leading global SaaS platform 
for web-hosting automation.

Partnering with 
entrepreneurs

Working with Tom Strohe 
and Jochen Berger, proven 
hosting entrepreneurs from 
the Oakley network, who 
Oakley also partnered with 
on intergenia and HEG.

Tom Strohe

Jochen Berger

Business     
transformation 

Carving out Plesk 
from Parallels Group 
to establish a fully-
independent business  
with a stand-alone 
management team.

Creating value 

•  Set organisational structure, financial reporting and governance structures implemented

•  Professionalised product management and development

•  Launched new commercial offerings to address high-growth hyperscalers

Transformational 
cPanel acquisition 

Acquired cPanel in 
September 2018 following 
bilateral discussions with 
founder, providing scale 
and true global access 
through a complementary 
geographic footprint.

Fund III sells 
WebPros

The exit generated gross 
returns of 6.9x MM and 
152% IRR.

Oakley Fund IV  
reinvested $200 million, 
alongside CVC as the 
majority partner.

2017

2017

2017

2018

2019

2019

2019

2020

Acquisition of

Acquisition of

Acquisition of

Acquisition of

BUY & BUILD   

Completed four small add-ons.

Overview

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21

Funds overview

OCI is invested in the Oakley Funds,  
which are Western Europe-focused private 
equity funds that aim to build portfolios  
of high-growth companies, primarily in  
the Technology, Consumer and  
Education sectors. 

During 2020, with a final close to institutional 
investors in January 2021, Oakley raised the 
Origin Fund to which OCI had committed 
€105 million as at year end, with a total 
commitment of €129 million (£116 million)  
at the close. 

The Origin Fund is Oakley’s latest  
vehicle and is focused on investing in  
lower mid-market companies, building on  
the firm’s successful history of investing  
in this segment.

O

IV

Oakley Origin Fund

Oakley Fund IV  

Vintage: 2021

Vintage: 2019

OCI commitment1 
€129m

Fund size2 
€455m

OCI commitment 
€400m

Fund size 
€1,460m

Current investments
7NXT

1, 2, 3  Following the year end, the Origin Fund was  

closed to institutional investors, with an expected 
final fund size of €455 million (€389 million at  
31 December 2020). OCI’s commitment at  
31 December 2020 was €105 million with  
£91.1 million of outstanding commitments.

Current investments
Ocean Technologies Group 
Wishcard Technologies Group 
Contabo 
WebPros 
WindStar Medical 
idealista4 
Dexters5

4 idealista acquired January 2021 
5 Dexters acquired February 2021

Outstanding commitments3

Outstanding commitments

£112.9m

£298.9m

Outstanding commitments 
as a % of NAV

Outstanding commitments 
as a % of NAV

15.5%

41.1%

OVERVIEW OF OAKLEY FUNDS

Oakley Funds: 
total realised 
gross returns 
of 3.9x MM and 
77% IRR since 
inception.

Read more on the Oakley Funds on page 27

OVERVIEW OF OAKLEY FUNDS CONTINUED

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22

Funds overview continued

III

II

I

Oakley Fund III  

Oakley Fund II  

Oakley Fund I  

Vintage: 2016

Vintage: 2013

Vintage: 2007

OCI commitment 
€326m

Fund size 
€800m

OCI commitment 
€190m

Fund size 
€524m

OCI commitment 
€202m

Fund size 
€288m

Current investments
atHome 
TechInsights 
Schülerhilfe

AMOS 
Iconic BrandCo    
CPG

Facile 
Ekon

Current investments
Daisy 
North Sails

Current investments
Time Out

6.9x
Realised 
gross MM

152%
Realised 
gross IRR

3.1x
Realised 
gross MM

59%
Realised 
gross IRR

2.9x
Realised 
gross MM

44%
Realised 
gross IRR

Outstanding commitments

£107.9m

Outstanding commitments 
as a % of NAV

14.8%

1  Following the year end, the Origin Fund was closed to institutional investors, with an expected final fund size of €455 million (€389 million at 31 December 2020). OCI’s commitment at  

31 December 2020 was €105 million with £91.1 million of outstanding commitments.

Oakley Orgin Fund 
Fund size1 €455m

Oakley Fund IV
Fund size €1,460m

Oakley Fund III
Fund size €800m

Oakley Fund II
Fund size €524m

Oakley Fund I
Fund size €288m

OCI NAV OVERVIEW

OCI’s NAV 
grew from              
£686 million to 
£728 million,  
an increase  
of 6% since  
31 December 
2019 to  
403 pence  
per share. 

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Strategic Report

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Consolidated Financial Statements

23

Net asset value 

£728.0m

2020

2019

£728.0m

£686.0m

Proceeds

£341m

2020

2019

£78m

£341m

Investments

£152m

2020

2019

£152m

£103m

Proceeds1 
Despite market disruption during 2020, there has been a continued 
high level of activity within the Oakley Funds. During the period, 
OCI’s share of proceeds from exits and refinancings amounted to 
£341 million, consisting of:

Investments2
In the 12 months to 31 December 2020, the Investment Adviser 
continued to originate opportunities for the Oakley Funds, within 
its focus sectors. During the year, OCI made a total look-through 
investment of £152 million, attributable to:

•  Realisations – £264 million – the exit of WebPros, Casa, Inspired 

•  Platform investments – £90 million – the acquisitions of WebPros, 

and the partial realisation of atHome generating an average gross 
Money Multiple of 3.3x

•  Refinancings – £37 million – the refinancing of Career Partner 

Group, Wishcard Technologies and Facile

Globe-Trotter, 7NXT and WindStar Medical

•  Follow-on investments – £21 million – bolt-ons to Ocean 

Technologies Group and Ekon, and further investments into  
North Sails and Time Out

•  Direct debt repayment – £40 million – the repayment of Time Out 

•  Direct investments – £41 million – including equity participation 

loans and fund facilities

in Time Out’s refinancing and an increase in the debt investment 
provided to North Sails

1, 2 Proceeds and investments are included on a look-through basis.

OCI NAV OVERVIEW CONTINUED

Movement in  
NAV and 
investments on 
a look-through 
basis during 2020.

Overview

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Consolidated Financial Statements

24

Movement in NAV (£m)

10.6

(7.3)

13.7

686.0

Earnings £92.4m

39.3

36.1

(8.7)

(41.7)

728.0

£92.4m

Net earnings in 2020

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

FY19

Interest

Other

FX on cash

Realised gains

Unrealised gains

Dividend

Share 
buy-back

YE20

Attribution analysis of movements in the value of investments (£m)

96.0

(337.9)

661.0

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

39.3

10.6

12.3

20.9

2.9

505.1

Unrealised gains £36.1m

£75.4m

Realised and unrealised 
gains on investments

FY19

Purchases

Distributions

Realised 
gains

Interest

FX

EBITDA

Multiple

YE20

Increase

Decrease

Total

OCI NAV OVERVIEW CONTINUED

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25

Realised and unrealised movements in 
portfolio look-through fair values during 2020 (£m)

Career Partner Group

Inspired

Casa & atHome

Facile 

Daisy

WebPros (Fund IV)

AMOS

Contabo

Ocean Technologies Group

Wishcard Technologies Group

North Sails

TechInsights

Other direct investments

Schülerhilfe

Ekon

7NXT

Globe-Trotter

WindStar Medical

Alessi

WebPros (Fund III)

Other Fund assets/(liabilities)

(9.5)

Time Out

(53.1)

60.9

9.0

£62.6m

Realised and unrealised 
gains in CPG due to 
outperformance

£53.1m

Unrealised loss on Time 
Out due to share price 
decrease

1.7

18.9

8.2

8.4

7.7

6.3

5.2

4.8

4.2

3.9

3.4

2.0

0.9

0.3

0.1

0

(0.1)

(0.1)

(0.8)

(1.5)

7.4

4.1

(60)

(40)

(20)

0

20

40

60

80

Realised gains

Unrealised gains/(losses) including FX and interest (on a consistent look-through basis for Origin Fund)

OUTSTANDING COMMITMENTS OF OCI

Overview

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Consolidated Financial Statements

26

Outstanding 
commitments to 
the Oakley Funds 
of £512.4 million.

Outstanding commitments to the Oakley Funds 
as at 31 December 2020 were £512.4 million, 
of which £298.9 million was to Fund IV and 
£91.1 million to the Origin Fund. These will be 
deployed into new investments over a five-year 
period, whilst Funds I and II are in the realisation 
phase and Fund III has reached the end of its 
investment period.

OCI’s total outstanding commitment to the 
Origin Fund was €101.9 million (£91.1 million) 
at the year end and increased to €126.2 million 
(£112.9 million) following the final close in 
January 2021. This latest Oakley Fund will 
apply Oakley’s proven investment strategy to 
companies in the lower mid-market segment.

OCI has no leverage and had cash on the 
balance sheet of £223 million at 31 December 
2020, comprising 31% of NAV. This cash level is 
significantly higher than the long-term average 
due to the quantum of realisations in the year 
and anticipated investment opportunities in 
Fund IV and the Origin Fund.

Total commitment  

Outstanding  
at 31 Dec 2020  

Outstanding  
at 31 Dec 2020  

Fund

Oakley Fund I

Oakley Fund II

Oakley Fund III

Oakley Fund IV

Origin Fund

Outstanding commitments

Cash and cash equivalents

Fund vintage

2007

2013

2016

2019

2020

(€m)

202.4

190.0

325.8

400.0

105.0

(€m)

2.8

13.3

120.5

334.0

101.9

572.5

Net outstanding commitments unfunded by cash resources at the year end

Outstanding commitments and liquid resources (£m)

2018

2019

2020

(£m)

2.5

12.0

107.9

298.9

91.1

512.4

223.1

289.3

% of NAV

0

2

15

41

12

70

31

39

Fund l

Fund ll

Fund lll

Fund lV

Origin

Cash

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

OVERVIEW OF OCI'S UNDERLYING INVESTMENTS

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27

OCI’s NAV at 31 
December 2020 
was £728 million, 
a NAV per share 
of 403 pence.

Investments

Fund I
Time Out

Sector

Region

Year of investment

Residual cost

Fair value

Consumer

Global

2010

£60.4m

OCI’s proportionate allocation of Fund I investments (on a look-through basis)

Other fund assets and liabilities

OCI’s investment in Fund I

Fund II 
North Sails

Daisy

Consumer

Technology

Global

UK

OCI’s proportionate allocation of Fund II investments (on a look-through basis)

Other fund assets and liabilities

OCI’s investment in Fund II

Fund III 
atHome

Schülerhilfe

TechInsights

AMOS

Career Partner Group

Facile

Ekon

Iconic BrandCo

Technology

Education

Technology

Education

Education

Technology

Technology

Consumer

Luxembourg

Germany

Canada

France

Germany

Italy

Spain

Italy/UK

OCI’s proportionate allocation of Fund III investments (on a look-through basis)

Other fund assets and liabilities

OCI's investment in Fund III

Fund IV 
Ocean Technologies Group

Wishcard Technologies Group

Contabo

WebPros

WindStar Medical1

Education

Consumer

Technology

Norway/UK

Germany

Germany 

Technology

Switzerland/USA

Consumer

Germany

OCI’s proportionate allocation of Fund IV investments (on a look-through basis)

Other fund assets and liabilities

OCI’s investment in Fund IV

2014

2015

2017

2017

2017

2017

2018

2018

2019

2019

2019

2019

2019

2020

2020

£45.1m

£12.2m

£0.0m

£31.3m

£0.4m

£7.2m

£0.0m

£20.8m

£22.5m

£16.1m

£21.9m

£17.3m

£5.0m

£45.3m

£42.7m

£19.4m

£19.4m

(£3.3m)

£16.1m

£35.2m

£17.3m

£52.5m

£0.7m

£53.2m

£7.7m

£47.5m

£15.5m

£18.8m

£100.5m

£35.0m

£21.7m

£16.1m

£262.9m

(£45.0m)

£217.9m

£25.9m

£20.7m

£9.7m

£50.4m

£42.7m

£149.4m

(£83.0m)

£66.4m

1  Following the year end, a proportion of the original investment cost of WindStar Medical was syndicated to co-investors, reducing the fair value of OCI’s look-through investment.  

This was offset by an increase in other fund assets and liabilities. This had no impact on the NAV of OCI’s total investment in Oakley Fund IV.

OVERVIEW OF OCI’S UNDERLYING INVESTMENTS

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28

During 2020,  
OCI earned 
£10.3 million 
of interest from 
debt facilities.

Investments

Origin Fund 
7NXT

Sector

Location

Year of investment

Residual cost

Fair value

Technology

Germany

2020

£10.3m

OCI’s proportionate allocation of Origin Fund investments (on a look-through basis)

Other fund assets and liabilities

OCI’s investment in Origin Fund

Direct investment:
Time Out 

Daisy

North Sails

Fund facilities

Total direct investments 

Total OCI investments

Cash, other assets and liabilities

Total OCI NAV

Equity

Direct debt

Direct debt

Direct debt

Consumer

Technology

Consumer

Global

UK

Global

2010

2015

2014

£10.3m

£10.3m

(£9.2m)

£1.1m

£23.9m

£17.3m

£102.6m

£6.6m

£150.4m

£505.1m

£222.9m

£728.0m

Other fund assets and liabilities comprise OCI’s share of, primarily, cash, receivables and third-party fund debt facilities.

Direct equity securities
In April 2020, Oakley completed the sale of 
its remaining investment in Inspired, following 
partial realisations in 2017 and 2019. The net 
proceeds from the realisation of OCI’s direct 
stake, combined with the indirect stake via  
Fund II, represented a 25% uplift to the 31 
December 2019 carrying value. OCI’s direct 
investment returned proceeds of €107.4 million  
(£94.2 million).

Prior to the escalation of the COVID-19 
pandemic in March 2020, Time Out was 
performing in line with expectations; growth in 
digital advertising and the recently expanded 
Time Out Market estate continued the trading 
momentum already established in 2019.

However, the outbreak of COVID-19 and 
subsequent government-enforced lockdowns 
in 2020 severely impacted the leisure and 
hospitality sectors, causing the temporary 
closure of all six Time Out Markets and a sharp 
decline in advertising revenues for Time Out 
Media, generated from marketing to clients in 
the travel and leisure sectors.

In May 2020, Time Out completed an equity 
placing, raising £47.1 million to support the 
working capital requirements of the business 
and strengthen the balance sheet. OCI invested 
a total of £21.4 million, of which £12.6 million 
was a direct investment, as part of the placing.

Direct debt securities
The Company provides debt facilities to certain 
underlying entities and portfolio companies. 
These are provided at competitive market 
interest rates (ranging from 6.5% to 12%), 
allowing OCI to earn higher returns than would 
be earned on cash reserves. During 2020, OCI 
earned £10.3 million of interest from the debt 
facilities provided. 

As part of the Time Out placing, a direct loan  
of £27.1 million, including interest, was repaid  
to OCI. At the year end, loans to Daisy and 
North Sails were £119.9 million. The Company 
also provides annual revolving credit facilities 
to two of the Oakley Funds. As at 31 December 
2020, the outstanding amounts were £6.6 million, 
including accrued interest. 

 
TECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO COMPANIES

Technology sector

Strategic Report

29

Oakley 
has built a 
successful 
track-record 
in backing 
technology-led 
businesses.

Oakley has built a successful track-record backing technology-led, 
forward-thinking companies that provide B2B and B2C solutions. In B2B, 
a heritage in web hosting and telecoms has extended to cloud-based 
SaaS solutions, whilst in B2C, Oakley is one of the leading investors in 
online marketplaces. 

Sector investments1

NAV breakdown

Investment

WebPros 

Facile 

Daisy 

Ekon 

TechInsights 

7NXT

Contabo

atHome

Oakley Fund

OCI’s open cost (£m)

OCI’s valuation (£m)

% of OCI NAV

Fund IV

Fund III

Direct/Fund II

Fund III

Fund III

Origin Fund

Fund IV

Fund III

45.3

20.8

29.4

22.5

0.4

10.3

5.0

0.0

50.4

35.0

34.6

21.7

15.5

10.3

9.7

7.7

6.9

4.8

4.7

3.0

2.1

1.4

1.3

1.1

£184.9m

Technology  
sector

1 The OCI cost and valuation numbers above have been calculated on a look-through basis and include both direct and indirect investments in the relevant portfolio companies.

OverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsTECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Technology sector

WebPros

30

Facile

The WebPros Group comprises two of the 
most widely used web hosting automation 
software platforms, simplifying the lives 
of developers and web professionals the 
world over. 

The WebPros Group has continued its 
strong performance in 2020. The business is 
significantly ahead of the prior year with FY20 
revenue and EBITDA growth of 25% and 41% 
versus the prior year, respectively. The EBITDA 
margin reached a record of 62%. 

The strong performance has been primarily 
driven by the roll-out of the cPanel price 
harmonisation programme. cPanel’s FY20 
revenue is up 39% versus the prior year, driven 
by the new account-based pricing structure, 
and solid volume performance YTD despite 
price adjustments. 

Italy’s leading online destination for 
consumers to compare prices for  
motor insurance, energy, telecoms  
and personal finance.

Facile had another strong year of growth in 
2020, despite the impact of COVID-19 during 
the lockdown period. Facile has achieved FY20 
revenue and EBITDA growth of 12% and 25% 
versus the prior year, respectively. 

Facile’s core insurance vertical performed 
well during 2020, with improved efficiency in 
marketing spend and high conversion rates 
versus the prior year. Facile’s insurance field 
sales force rebounded strongly following 
the easing of lockdown measures in Italy, 
with strong agent recruitment and high 

productivity driving the positive results for  
the remainder of 2020.

In Facile’s non-insurance verticals, Gas & 
Power performed well in 2020 and Broadband 
benefited from the increased consumer focus 
on broadband and high-quality connectivity 
during the lockdown period in Italy, although 
this softened once lockdown measures eased.

Financial products (loans and mortgages) were 
slower to rebound post-crisis given stricter 
lending criteria and lower consumer appetite 
for credit, but mortgage volumes have been 
stronger since the summer as activity returned 
to the real estate market after the first lockdown 
period ended. 

OCI’S OPEN COST

£45.3m

OCI’S VALUATION

£50.4m

OF OCI NAV

6.9%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£20.8m

OCI’S VALUATION

£35.0m

OF OCI NAV

4.8%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsTECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Technology sector

Daisy

31

Ekon

The UK’s #1 independent provider of 
converged B2B communications, IT and 
cloud services.

In the nine months to 31 December 2020, 
Daisy’s revenue and EBITDA performed in 
line with COVID-revised expectations. Whilst 
year-to-date revenue was down slightly on the 
prior year, year-to-date EBITDA was up 4% 
due to strong cost management through the 
COVID-19 crisis.

In November 2020, the Digital Wholesale 
Solutions (‘DWS’) division acquired Giacom, 
the largest independent cloud platform in the 
UK with over 3,300 partners serving the Small 
Medium Business market. 

The acquisition of Giacom increases 
DWS’s product offering in software and 
IT services from its core telecoms base, 
offering significant potential cross-selling 
opportunities. 

In January 2021, Oakley announced that Daisy 
had reached an agreement to sell its stake in  
the DWS division to Inflexion Private Equity.  
The transaction is subject to regulatory approval 
and is expected to complete in spring 2021. 

Ekon provides Enterprise Resource 
Planning (‘ERP’) software to Spanish  
SMEs in product-centric industries. 

Ekon has faced a challenging market 
environment for new customer acquisition 
throughout 2020. At the start of the year, 
progress was made on go-to-market initiatives, 
which resulted in strong momentum in lead 
generation (+30%) and sales pipeline (+60%) 
during Q1 20. However, conversions from 
pipeline into bookings were impacted by 
COVID-19 and further growth investment was 
put on hold. Recurring revenues remained 
resilient, as the shift in new business to SaaS 
accelerated during the year, which posted 
double-digit growth in 2020. 

Ekon has continued to implement a number of 
key strategic initiatives since the beginning of 
2020. Group leadership has been introduced 
with the hiring of a new Group CEO, a Group 
CFO and VP Corporate Development. The 
build-out of the sales and marketing functions 
and soft-launch of the refreshed Ekon brand is 
complete, resulting in significant increases in 
lead generation and pipeline development. 

Ekon’s M&A agenda continues to progress, 
having completed two bolt-ons in the period: 
ContaSimple, accounting software for 
freelancers, and Billage, accounting software 
for micro-companies.

OCI’S OPEN COST

£29.4m

OCI’S VALUATION

£34.6m

OF OCI NAV

4.7%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£22.5m

OCI’S VALUATION

£21.7m

OF OCI NAV

3.0%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsTECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Technology sector

TechInsights

32

7NXT 

TechInsights is the content information 
platform for the semiconductor market 
providing unique insights through  
reverse engineering to support the  
Product Benchmarking and Intellectual 
Property strategy.

TechInsights has remained resilient 
despite the challenging conditions in the 
semiconductor market experienced in 2019 
and then the pandemic through to 2020.  
IP activity has been significantly impacted by 
COVID-19, which has allowed TechInsights 
to accelerate the build-out of new content 
channels to support the fast-growing Product 
Benchmarking use case, accelerating the shift 
towards recurring revenues. 

This has been further supported by the 
acquisition of IHS Markit’s Teardown division 
in June 2020. At the end of 2020, 57% of run 
rate revenues were recurring versus 15% 
at the time of Oakley’s acquisition, driving 
overall revenue and EBITDA growth. Recurring 
revenues increased 38% versus the prior year 
and the subscription book grew 44% over the 
prior year. 

COVID-19 uncertainties continue into 2021; 
however, TechInsights is well positioned, 
despite continuing weakness in the IP market, 
with its resilient recurring revenue base and 
cash liquidity.

Germany’s market leader in female-focused 
online fitness subscriptions, nutrition and 
wellbeing.

On a group basis, 7NXT has achieved very 
strong revenue and EBITDA growth in 2020. 

The second business in the Group, Shape 
Republic, a direct-to-customer brand 
selling fitness and nutrition supplements 
predominantly via online channels, has 
performed well with revenue increasing by  
more than 100% versus the previous year.

The core business, Gymondo, which 
offers subscription-based access to high-
quality workout videos, customised fitness 
programmes and personalised nutrition plans, 
increased revenue by c.60% and EBITDA  
by more than 75% versus the previous year. 
The performance has been primarily driven by 
the continued very strong subscriber growth.

OCI’S OPEN COST

£0.4m

OCI’S VALUATION

£15.5m

OF OCI NAV

2.1%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£10.3m

OCI’S VALUATION

£10.3m

OF OCI NAV

1.4%

New investment – Origin FundStrategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsTECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Technology sector

Contabo

33

atHome

Following the opening of the first oversees 
data centre in the United States in April 2020, 
work continues to expand global presence with 
two new data centres in India and Singapore 
already announced for 2021, bringing the total 
number of data centres to six. 

The 2020 website relaunch and brand refresh 
rapidly fuelled customer acquisition, setting up 
the company for an even more successful 2021.

by the continued professionalisation of the 
product and a more effective pricing strategy, 
and the medium-term outlook is strong for this 
division given the positive performance of the 
used car market. atHomeFinance continues to 
benefit from accelerating consumer adoption 
of mortgage brokers in Luxembourg and is 
growing strongly. H1 FY21 revenues were up by 
30% year-on-year, despite the business being 
more directly linked to real estate transaction 
volumes and prices.

An infrastructure as a service (‘IaaS’) 
provider focusing on computer solutions 
such as VPS and bare metal servers with 
almost 100k customers from 186 countries.

Contabo has continued on a strong growth 
trajectory, further accelerated by COVID-19. 
The business grew revenue and EBITDA 56% 
and 51% versus the prior year, respectively.

Contabo add-on, VSHosting, a platform as  
a service (‘PaaS’) specialising in e-commerce 
in Prague, has been trading well since it was 
acquired in July 2020. In 2021, management 
is looking to build on the current growth and 
expand to adjacent swim lines such as storage 
and networking solutions. 

An online property group comprising a 
portfolio of real estate websites and mobile 
applications.

In the six months to 31 December 2020  
(H1 FY21), all three segments of the business 
(including atHomeProperty, atHomeFinance 
and Luxauto) performed in line with expected 
revenues, and ahead of expectations on 
EBITDA, despite the ongoing challenges 
presented by COVID-19.

The group had grown by 10% at December 
2020 with atHome Property proving resilient, 
delivering revenue performance aligned with 
the prior year, following the launch of new 
pricing in October 2020. Luxauto has grown 
revenue by 11% year-on-year in H1 FY21, driven 

OCI’S OPEN COST

£5.0m

OCI’S VALUATION

£9.7m

OF OCI NAV

1.3%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£0.0m

OCI’S VALUATION

£7.7m

OF OCI NAV

1.1%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSUMER PORTFOLIO COMPANIES

Consumer sector

Strategic Report

34

Oakley has 
a long track 
record of 
investing in 
on and offline 
brands in the 
consumer 
sector.

Since inception Oakley has built a track record of investments in on and 
offline consumer brands and platforms. We have leveraged our expertise 
in digitalisation and M&A to build and grow D2C channels enabling our 
investments to capitalise on the value captured by the balance of power 
shift towards well-managed brands and marketplaces, the increasing 
ability to trade directly and digitally with customers, and the power of 
social media-led marketing.

Sector investments1

Investment

North Sails 

Direct/Fund II

Time Out Group plc

Direct/Fund I

WindStar Medical2 

Wishcard Technologies 
Group

Fund IV

Fund IV

Iconic BrandCo

Fund III

Oakley Fund

OCI’s open cost (£m)

OCI’s valuation (£m)

% of OCI NAV

NAV breakdown

147.6

84.3

42.7

17.3

16.1

137.8

43.3

42.7

20.7

16.1

18.9

5.9

5.9

2.8

2.2

£260.6m

Consumer  
sector

1 The OCI cost and valuation numbers above have been calculated on a look-through basis and include both direct and indirect investments in the relevant portfolio companies.

2  Following the year end, a proportion of the original investment cost of WindStar Medical was syndicated to co-investors, reducing the fair value of OCI’s look-through investment.  
This was offset by an increase in other fund assets and liabilities. This had no impact on the NAV of OCI’s total investment in Oakley Fund IV.

OverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSUMER PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Consumer sector

North Sails

35

Time Out Group Plc

North Sails comprises a portfolio of 
market-leading marine brands focused on 
providing innovative and high-performance 
products for the world’s sailors and 
yachtsmen. 

North Sails’ core business had been 
performing well through 2019 and into Q1 
20, partly boosted by the relaunch of North 
Kiteboarding (‘NKB’) which has regained 
its position as one of the world’s leading 
kiteboarding brands. The Group has been 
impacted by COVID-19 due to a reduction 
in production capacity during the peak 
delivery season, the closure of marinas and 
the cancellation of major regattas. However, 
since the easing of restrictions, the order book 

at the start of 2021 is looking healthy, with 
events such as the America’s Cup and Vendée 
Globe providing a boost to the business. North 
Actionsports has had an excellent year, with 
both NKB and Mystic performing well since the 
market reopened in May. 

North Sails Apparel is in the final stages of 
attaining the B-Corp certification of social 
and environmental performance. Starting  
from the FW19 collection, most items are 
made from recycled materials and shipping  
is certified as CO2-neutral. The division has 
also been very resilient through COVID-19, 
with the impact of retail closures offset by 
strong wholesale international, franchisee  
and e-commerce growth. 

A trusted global brand that inspires  
and enables people to experience the  
best of the city.

Prior to the escalation of the COVID-19 
pandemic in March 2020, Time Out was 
performing in line with expectations; growth in 
digital advertising and the recently expanded 
Time Out Markets estate continued the trading 
momentum established in 2019. However, 
the outbreak of COVID-19 and subsequent 
government-enforced lockdowns severely 
impacted the leisure and hospitality sectors, 
causing the temporary closure of all six Time 
Out Markets and a sharp decline in advertising 
revenues for Time Out Media. 

Following these temporary closures, Market 

locations were able to reopen in Q3 and 
for most of Q4, with significant capacity 
restrictions, reduced chef line ups and 
enhanced health and safety protocols. 
The return, however, of local lockdowns in 
December 2020 forced the Markets to close 
for the remainder of the year. 

Post period end, Time Out announced both 
the signing of a new management agreement 
with real estate developer, Aldar Properties, 
to open Time Out Market Abu Dhabi in 2023, 
and the opening of its seventh location Time 
Out Market Dubai in H1 21. In spite of the 
lockdowns Time Out has grown its audience  
in the period, achieving this through a pivot  
to homebound content and via collaborations 
with social platforms.

OCI’S OPEN COST

£147.6m

OCI’S VALUATION

£137.8m

OF OCI NAV

18.9%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£84.3m

OCI’S VALUATION

£43.3m

OF OCI NAV

5.9%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSUMER PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Consumer sector

WindStar Medical 

The GreenDoc (mental wellbeing) brand is 
growing from a small base, recording triple-
digit growth in 2020, backed by the launch  
of new products and first-time TV marketing. 

Germany’s leading over-the-counter 
consumer healthcare platform.

WindStar has performed well since  
acquisition in December 2020, recording 
revenue and EBITDA growth of 15% and 22% 
versus the prior year, respectively. Against the 
COVID-19 backdrop, the business has proven 
to be robust. 

SOS (pain/wound care/disinfection) has 
profited from a surge in disinfectant sales in 
2020 driven by increased demand resulting 
from the coronavirus pandemic, and Zirkulin 
(gastrointestinal care) has generated some 
moderate growth despite the headwinds 
caused by lockdowns. 

Wishcard Technologies Group 

Based in Germany, Wishcard Technologies 
Group is a leading consumer technology 
company in the gift voucher and B2B gift 
card sector.

Wishcard has exhibited strong performance 
throughout 2020, with total voucher sales up 
105% versus the prior year. The business has 
recorded FY20 revenue and EBITDA growth  
of 86% and 66% year-on-year, respectively. 

With special seasonal displays, precisely 
coordinated production on an order-by-order 
basis, and excellent logistical infrastructure, 
they were able to meet the demand for gift 
vouchers sold as gifts at all major grocery 
stores, supermarkets, petrol stations and sales 
kiosks. The majority of growth has been driven 

by like-for-like store growth and increased 
distribution to new retailers, but also driven 
by strong growth in B2B and online sales. 
Despite the lockdowns throughout Germany, 
the business has been relatively insulated as 
products are primarily sold through stores 
and channels that remained open throughout 
the restrictive measures. There has been 
good progress with the professionalisation 
of the business, with improved financial 
and management reporting, transition to 
a strong external management team, and 
the implementation of internal governance 
procedures and policies. The business is also 
continuing to innovate and expand its product 
offering with new products being rolled out 
across the retail market.

36

OCI’S OPEN COST

£42.7m

OCI’S VALUATION

£42.7m

OF OCI NAV

5.9%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£17.3m

OCI’S VALUATION

£20.7m

OF OCI NAV

2.8%

New investment – Fund IVStrategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSUMER PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Consumer sector
t

Iconic BrandCo

37

Leading consumer brands, Alessi and 
Globe-Trotter, combined as the Iconic 
BrandCo.

Despite the challenges faced throughout 2020, 
both Alessi and Globe-Trotter’s performance 
was encouraging. For Alessi, the impact of 
COVID-19 on its physical wholesale and retail 
sales channels from European lockdowns was 
partially offset by strong development in the 
online channel, which was up 52% against the 
prior year and now represents 21% of total 
revenues. Growth was also recorded across all 
product categories, specifically small domestic 
appliances, as well as in various markets 
including the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Australia 
and USA digital. There has been progress on 
strategic initiatives, notably through strong 

partnerships built with leading luxury fashion 
and home brands, such as Nespresso.

For Globe-Trotter, Global B2C sales recovered 
strongly following the reopening of stores in 
June 2020, generating like-for-like sales growth 
during the last four months of 2020. Whilst 
there has been disruption to the business, 
it has allowed management to focus on 
new product development and operational 
improvement. Investments into the factory’s 
efficiency have had a positive impact on 
Globe-Trotter’s gross margin and cost-saving 
measures were successfully undertaken. 
Investments into the digital operation yielded 
improving KPIs and year-on-year revenue 
growth throughout 2020.

OCI’S OPEN COST

£16.1m

OCI’S VALUATION

£16.1m

OF OCI NAV

2.2%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsEDUCATION PORTFOLIO COMPANIES

Education sector

38

Education is a 
core sector, with 
four investments 
ranging from 
online tertiary 
education and  
after-school 
tutoring 
to marine 
e-learning.

Since investing in a premium private schools group in 2013, Oakley 
identified the opportunity to consolidate high-quality recurring 
revenue bases within the fragmented education sector, in which there 
are few assets of scale. Leveraging our experience in technology, 
internationalisation and M&A, we have successfully grown platforms in 
online tertiary education, career-based training, after-school tutoring 
and marine e-learning.

Sector investments1

NAV breakdown

Investment

Oakley Fund

OCI’s open cost (£m)

OCI’s valuation (£m)

% of OCI NAV

Career Partner Group 

Fund III

Schülerhilfe 

Ocean Technologies 
Group

AMOS

Fund III

Fund IV

Fund III

0.0

31.3

21.9

7.2

100.5

47.5

25.9

18.8

13.8

6.5

3.6

2.6

£192.7m

Education  
sector

1 The OCI cost and valuation numbers above have been calculated on a look-through basis and include both direct and indirect investments in the relevant portfolio companies.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsEDUCATION PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Education sector

Career Partner Group

The largest and fastest-growing university 
group in Germany.

Career Partner Group is the largest and 
fastest-growing university group in Germany 
with over 60,000 students enrolled across four 
types of programmes: online degree courses 
(‘Online’), part-time studies, dual studies 
(private on-site education in cooperation with 
corporate partners) and on-campus studies. 

Career Partner Group continued to exhibit strong 
performance throughout 2020, growing revenue 
43% and EBITDA 73% versus the prior year. 

Growth has been driven by a significant 
increase in student intake which grew 98% 
versus the prior year, across both new and 
existing courses in Online and both new and 
mature centres in Dual Studies.

Career Partner Group’s open cost is £0.0m 
as the total cost invested has been returned 
through distributions. 

Schülerhilfe

The leading provider of after-school 
tutoring across Germany and Austria.

Schülerhilfe has continued to perform  
well despite the impact of COVID-19 on  
its operations. Following the temporary 
closure of all tutoring centres between  
March and May and again in December, the 
business successfully migrated pre-existing 
customers to their online tutoring service. 
Existing customers were retained through  
the migration; however, new enrolments  
were negatively impacted by the lockdowns. 

Despite the challenging environment, the 
business has managed to maintain 2020 
revenues broadly flat against the prior year and 
has continued to generate good cash flows.

During the COVID-19 lockdowns throughout 
2020, Schülerhilfe established itself as the 
market leader in online tutoring, with very high 
customer satisfaction for their new online 
tutoring service. 

39

OCI’S OPEN COST

£0.0m

OCI’S VALUATION

£100.5m

OF OCI NAV

13.8%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£31.3m

OCI’S VALUATION

£47.5m

OF OCI NAV

6.5%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsEDUCATION PORTFOLIO COMPANIES CONTINUED

Education sector

Ocean Technologies Group

40

AMOS

The M&A agenda has also continued to 
progress well. In addition to the COEX and 
Tero Marine acquisitions completed in 2019, 
in 2020 the Group completed the acquisition 
of MTS, a maritime e-learning content and 
distribution business, and of V.Group’s 
e-learning subsidiary, Marlins. 

The leading maritime e-learning businesses 
worldwide. 

Ocean Technologies Group ended FY20 
with EBITDA growth up 24% versus the prior 
year. Growth in 2020 has been largely driven 
by synergy realisation and acquisitions, 
as management focused on finalising the 
integration of Seagull and Videotel, as well  
as adding new brands to the portfolio.

During 2020, the senior management team has 
been strengthened through the appointment  
of a new CFO, Chief Revenue Officer,  
Chief Product Officer and Chief HR Officer. 

A French group of tertiary education 
business schools focused on vocational 
areas of training.

International (‘CMH’) and ~1,250 enrolled at 
ESDAC, representing a c.16% uplift versus the 
prior year.  

AMOS has enrolled approximately 2,500 
students for the current academic year, which 
represents enrolment growth of over 13% 
versus the prior year, despite the coronavirus 
outbreak. The business adapted well as 
teaching has continued to be delivered online, 
and there has been minimal financial impact  
as students for the current academic year  
paid upfront. 

Total student numbers across the Group stand 
at over 4,000, with ~300 students enrolled at 
Centre Européen de Management Hotelier 

ESDAC has benefited from continued 
expansion at its more recently opened 
campuses, which is helping to drive enrolment 
growth. CMH has seen a slight decline in 
student enrolments, due to the challenges 
of marketing to new students during the 
COVID-19 outbreak.

OCI’S OPEN COST

£21.9m

OCI’S VALUATION

£25.9m

OF OCI NAV

3.6%

OCI’S OPEN COST

£7.2m

OCI’S VALUATION

£18.8m

OF OCI NAV

2.6%

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE POLICY

41

We believe 
that investing 
responsibly 
protects and 
creates value.

Investing responsibly

The Board has endorsed Oakley’s policy to 
advise on the investment of the Company’s 
resources in a responsible manner. The  
Board is committed to monitoring investment 
activity and progress on Environmental,  
Social and Governance (‘ESG’) topics, with 
regular updates provided by Oakley’s Head  
of Sustainability and the Oakley team.  

We believe that investing responsibly protects 
and creates value, beyond the standard drivers of 
compliance and risk management. We recognise 
that ESG factors impact our investments, and 
better understanding and management of these 
factors helps to create more successful, resilient, 
and sustainable businesses, which in turn will 
generate enhanced value. 

OCI recognises that the bulk of its ESG impact 
will be through the portfolio companies as 
we have no direct employees or operational 
premises. However OCI itself has continued 
its journey of governance during the year 
with continued Board refreshment and the 
introduction of other enhanced governance 
policies.

Waste 
Management

Diversity and 
Inclusion

Health  
and Safety

Energy and Greenhouse 
Gas Management

En v i r onme

nt

Climate

Supply 
Chain

Human  
Rights

Human Capital 
Management

Supply Chain 
Management

Corporate 
Governance

o ciety

S

Resource  
Use

Business 
Ethics

G

overna n

e

c

Anti-bribery 
and Corruption

Risk 
Management

Cyber Security and 
Data Protection

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements  
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE POLICY 
CONTINUED

42

Case studies
2020 was a year unlike any other, repeatedly testing individuals, society and businesses. Throughout the year, Oakley’s portfolio companies demonstrated resilience and leadership, supporting both 
employees and local communities. 

Ocean Technologies Group – Human Capital Engagement

Ocean is a leading maritime learning and 
technology provider. A new Chief Human 
Resources Officer joined the business in 2020,  
and quickly set the business on track to co-
create new values and embed them in “business 
as usual”. A new shared culture was needed, 
as Ocean comprises six companies which 
have recently come together under one group. 

Since summer 2020, an Ocean intranet and 
MS Teams channel were set up, creating a 
cohesive space for all employees. Monthly 
town hall meetings were launched to share the 
Ocean strategy, build a culture of #TeamOcean 
and create a platform for employees to ask 
questions and provide feedback. Frequent 
pulse surveys help provide an understanding 

of what employees are concerned about and 
areas which may need additional attention. 
Much has been achieved in the last year and 
more is expected during 2021.

Wishcard Technologies Group – Corporate Governance
Since joining the Oakley portfolio in 2019, 
Wishcard, a German-based consumer 
technology company providing gift vouchers 
to consumers and businesses, has developed 
and strengthened its corporate governance 
policies and procedures. Key developments 
in 2020 have included the development and 
adoption of a robust anti-money laundering 

policy, implementation of an Advisory Board to 
provide oversight and robust governance, and 
the recruitment of a new CFO. Under Oakley’s 
ownership, the business has been transformed 
in its professionalism and the quality of its 
governance regime. We are continuing to work 
closely with management to drive forward 
change, and institute the highest possible 

standards of governance. This is a central 
part of the value-creation Oakley offers in 
partnering with founder-owned businesses.

North Sails – Resource Use

North Sails is the world leader in sail 
and marine-related products, providing 
innovative and high-performance clothing 
and equipment to sailors around the world. 
The company is acutely aware of ocean 
pollution, especially plastic, and has committed 
to #GoBeyondPlastic and support the UN 
Environment Programme #CleanSeas pledge 
to reduce plastic usage. As part of this 

initiative, North Sails has upcycled over 50 
sails into bags and other products in 2019 with 
none going to landfill. A new logo has been 
introduced on products that are made from 
recycled, repurposed or waste products. This 
stamp will also appear on any bag made by a 
third party from sails provided by the company 
as the base materials. The company continues 
to educate its workforce on waste reduction 

and environmental best practice. Several 
partnerships with universities have also begun 
to investigate how some of the more resilient 
materials can be broken down and repurposed 
for further use. 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE POLICY 
CONTINUED

43

Case studies continued
As COVID-19 spread across the world, individuals and businesses reacted as best as they could to support each other. Oakley is proud of the work our portfolio companies did to support not only our employees, 
but also the local communities. 

Supporting employees and local communities during COVID-19

CAREER PARTNER 
GROUP

NORTH SAILS AND 
TECHINSIGHTS

ALESSI

TECHINSIGHTS

WISHCARD 
TECHNOLOGIES

Many companies, like Career 
Partner Group, focused on 
strengthening resilience, enabling 
virtual after-work get-togethers, 
sending a strong C-Level message 
that crying babies or children 
joining a meeting is OK and family 
matters may take priority when 
working from home.

Like many others, North Sails and 
TechInsights provided additional 
health insurance or benefits, to 
ensure employees have the security 
and access to resources needed to 
enable safe working practices.

Alessi donated over 40,000 masks 
to hospitals local to its Italian 
manufacturing facility during the 
first peak of infection.

TechInsights received a licence 
from the city of Ottawa to produce, 
bottle and donate hand-sanitiser 
in support of front-line workers; 
thousands of bottles have been 
donated to date.

Wishcard has partnered with  
the local government of Bavaria  
to operate a voucher scheme  
to support the restaurant  
industry as it struggles through 
COVID-19 restrictions.

As the global pandemic continues, Oakley will continue to support efforts which help ease the burden on employees and local communities.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements44

Governance

Good corporate governance is a 
fundamental component of the 
Company’s activities and supports 
long-term sustainable value and 
responsible growth for its shareholders.

46  Board of Directors 

48  Directors’ Report 

54  Investment Policy

55  Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 

56  Corporate Governance Report  

63  Audit Committee Report 

65  Risk Committee Report

66  Principal risks and uncertainties 

68   Nomination Committee Report 

69   Management Engagement Committee Report 

70   Governance, Regulatory and Compliance Committee Report

71   Remuneration Committee Report 

72   Directors’ Remuneration Report 

73   Alternative Investment Fund Managers’ Directive 

74   Shareholder information 

75   Why invest in listed private equity?

 Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
45

Diversity and 
inclusion
OCI recognises the benefits that diversity 
can bring to its Board, and places great 
importance on ensuring that Board 
membership reflects this. The Board 
believes that a wide range of experience, 
age, background, perspectives, skills 
and knowledge allows Directors to share 
varying perspectives and insights, helping 
to create a better environment for effective 
decision-making. 

The Board supports the Investment Adviser, 
Oakley Capital’s endeavours in relation to 
diversity and inclusion. Additionally, the 
Board recognises the importance of leading 
by example and encouraging Board diversity 
as it relates not only to Oakley, but also to 
the composition of its portfolio company 
boards and leadership teams. 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsBOARD OF DIRECTORS

An independent 
Board well-
positioned to 
support OCI  
as it grows.

46

Caroline Foulger 

Chair

Richard Lightowler

Fiona Beck 

Senior Independent Director

Non-Executive Director

Appointed to the Company’s Board in June 
2016 (and as Chair in September 2018), 
Caroline has been an independent Non-
Executive Director in the financial services 
industry since 2013. Caroline was previously 
a partner with PwC for 12 years, primarily 
leading the insurance practice in Bermuda 
and servicing listed clients, with 25 years’ 
experience in public accounting. Caroline 
is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered 
Accountants in England & Wales, a member of 
CPA Bermuda and a Member of the Institute of 
Directors. Caroline is a resident of Bermuda. 
Caroline’s leadership skills continue to impart a 
culture of positive change to service providers, 
the Board and its Committees.

Appointed to the Company’s Board in 
December 2019, Richard has 25 years’ 
experience in public accounting, previously a 
Partner with KPMG in Bermuda. He was head 
of the KPMG Insurance Group in Bermuda 
for almost 14 years until leaving the firm in 
2016, a member of the firm’s Global Insurance 
Leadership Team and Global Lead Partner for 
large international insurance groups listed on 
the New York and London Stock Exchanges. 
Richard is a resident of Bermuda and is a 
Chartered Accountant in England & Wales. 
Richard has significant regulatory experience 
and led KPMG’s relationship with the Bermuda 
Monetary Authority (‘BMA’). Richard brings with 
him a wealth of knowledge in financial services, 
expertise in best practice corporate governance 
and significant transactional experience.

Non-Executive Director appointed to the 
Company’s Board in September 2020, Fiona 
has over 20 years’ leadership experience 
in listed and unlisted companies within the 
technology, telecoms, infrastructure and 
fintech sectors. Previously, she was CEO of 
Southern Cross Cable Networks for 14 years, 
a multinational telecommunications company. 
She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Management 
Studies (Honours), is a Chartered Accountant 
(Australia and NZ), and is a member of the 
Institute of Directors (both UK and Australia). 
Fiona is a resident of Bermuda. Her sector 
relevant experience in the technology industry, 
and past leadership positions, provides for 
unique perspective and insights. 

Current Directorships  
of publicly listed entities
•  Hiscox Limited

Current Directorships  
of publicly listed entities
•  Hansa Investment Company Limited

Current Directorships  
of publicly listed entities
•  Atlas Arteria Holdings Limited

•  Atlas Arteria Holdings Limited

•  Aspen Insurance Holdings Limited

•  Ocean Wilsons Holdings Limited

•  Ocean Wilsons Holdings Limited

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONTINUED

47

Peter Dubens 

Non-Executive Director

Stewart Porter 

Non-Executive Director

Appointed to the Company’s Board in July 
2007, Peter is the founder and Managing 
Partner of the Oakley Capital Group, a 
privately-owned asset management and 
advisory group comprising private equity 
and venture capital operations managing 
over €4 billion. Peter founded the Oakley 
Capital Group in 2002 to be a best-of-breed, 
entrepreneurially-driven UK investment 
house, creating an ecosystem to support the 
companies in which Oakley Capital invests, 
whether they are early-stage companies or 
established businesses. David Till serves  
as an alternate Director to Peter.

Appointed to the Company’s Board in 
September 2018, Stewart has over 40 years’ 
of operational experience, both within 
private equity and technology businesses, 
the latter being one of Oakley’s three core 
sectors for investment. Stewart worked as 
Chief Operating Officer of the Investment 
Adviser, Oakley Capital Limited, from 2010 
until his retirement in 2018. During his career, 
Stewart has held positions as COO and CFO 
at Wilkinson Sword and TI Group. He was a 
founder and CFO of Pipex Communications 
plc and was instrumental in the development 
and successful sale of the Pipex Group. 
Stewart’s industry knowledge and in-depth 
understanding of the Investment Adviser 
makes him invaluable in providing the Board 
with insights into the detailed workings of its  
key service providers.

Current Directorships  
of publicly listed entities
•  Non-Executive Chair of Time Out Group plc

Current Directorships  
of publicly listed entities
•  None

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
 
DIRECTORS‘ REPORT

Regular contact 
between Directors 
and the Oakley 
Group continued 
throughout the 
year. 

The Company’s registered office and 
principal place of business is 3rd Floor, 
Mintflower Place, 8 Par-la-Ville Road, 
Hamilton HM08, Bermuda.

48

The Board of Directors
The Board currently comprises the Chair 
and four other Non-Executive Directors. 
Laurence Blackall retired from the Board at the 
Annual General Meeting in May 2020. Craig 
Bodenstab stepped down from the Board in 
June 2020, and was replaced by Fiona Beck  
in September 2020.

All Directors, other than Peter Dubens 
and Stewart Porter, are considered to be 
independent. Peter Dubens and David Till (as 
alternate Director), with a team of investment 
professionals, are together primarily 
responsible for performing investment advisory 
obligations with respect to the Company 
and the Oakley Funds. Stewart Porter was 
employed as the COO of the Investment 
Adviser until mid-2018 and, consistent with UK 
Corporate Governance Code guidelines, will 
be considered independent effective July 2021.

The Board met formally 11 times during 2020, 
including three of four quarterly scheduled 
meetings being held physically in Bermuda. 
This increased frequency was driven by 
enhanced portfolio monitoring updates  
from the Investment Adviser amidst the 
COVID-19 pandemic.

Regular contact between Directors and the 
Oakley Group continued throughout the year 
as required for the purpose of considering key 
decisions of the Company.

The Directors are kept fully informed of 
investment performance and other matters. 
The Board receives periodic reporting and 
ad-hoc additional information as required 
by the Directors from the Administrative 
Agent, Investment Adviser and other 
service providers.

The Directors may seek independent 
professional advice at the expense of the 
Company to aid their duties. During 2020,  
this included a review of Oakley Capital  
Origin Fund documentation and legal due 
diligence, and an independent third-party 
Directors’ remuneration review.

The rules governing the appointment of 
Directors to the Board is contained in the 
Company’s bye-laws, located at: 
https://oakleycapitalinvestments.com/wp-
content/uploads/2020/04/Bye-laws-of-Oakley-
Capital-Investments-2020.pdf

The Company, during the year, adopted 
a Diversity Policy as it relates to Board 
composition. This is available at  
www.oakleycapitalinvestments.com.

Conflicts of interest
The Directors continue to declare on an 
ongoing basis all conflicts and potential 
conflicts of interest to the Board, a register of 
which is considered at Board and Committee 
meetings. Declaration of Directors’ interests 
is a standing Board agenda item at the outset 
of each meeting. A conflicted Director is not 
allowed to take part in the relevant discussion 
or decision and is not counted when 
determining whether a meeting is quorate.

Peter Dubens is a shareholder and a Director 
of a number of the Oakley Group entities and 
cannot vote on any Board decision relating to 
these entities.

Each Director’s shareholding is outlined as 
part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report, 
and is considered for fair dealing purposes as 
a declared interest at the time of, for example, 
share buybacks.

Investment management  
and administration 
The Company is a self-managed Alternative 
Investment Fund (‘AIF’), and the Board has the 
ultimate decision to invest (or take any other 
action) in the Oakley Funds or in any other 
manner consistent with its Investment Policy. 
In the ordinary course of business, it makes 
decisions after reviewing the recommendations 
provided by the Oakley Group (typically as 
presented by the Investment Adviser on behalf 
of the Administrative Agent).

For the avoidance of doubt, the Directors do 
not make investment decisions on behalf of 
the Oakley Funds, nor do they have any role 
or involvement in selecting or implementing 
transactions by the Oakley Funds or in the 
management of the Oakley Funds. 

Oakley Capital Manager Limited (‘OCML’) 
serves as Administrative Agent to the 
Company. It is incorporated in Bermuda and 
regulated by the Bermuda Monetary Authority 
as a licensed Investment Business. The 
Administrative Agent provides operational 
assistance and corporate secretarial services 
to the Board with respect to the Company’s 
business. The Administrative Agent is managed 
by experienced third-party administrative and 
operational Executive Directors.

Oakley Capital Limited serves as the 
Investment Adviser to the Administrative Agent 
with respect to the Company. It is incorporated 
in the UK and is authorised and regulated 
by the Financial Conduct Authority for the 
provision of investment advice and arranging 
of investments. The Investment Adviser is 
primarily responsible for making investment 
recommendations to the Company along  
with structuring and negotiating deals for the 
Oakley Funds.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS‘ REPORT CONTINUED

The Directors 
believe these 
arrangements 
enhance long-term 
shareholder value.

49

The Directors of the Company continue 
to believe these arrangements create the 
conditions to enhance long-term shareholder 
value and, based on the Company’s overall 
objective, to achieve a high level of Company 
performance. Each year, including in 2020, the 
three independent Directors formally review 
the performance of Oakley and OCML.

The Company has appointed Mayflower 
Management Services (Bermuda) Limited 
(the ‘Administrator’) to provide administration 
services pursuant to an Administration 
Agreement. It receives an annual administration 
fee at prevailing commercial rates. The 
Administrator is responsible for the Company’s 
general administrative requirements such as 
the calculation of the net asset value and net 
asset value per share and maintenance of the 
Company’s accounting records.

The Administrative Agent has been appointed 
pursuant to an operational services agreement 
(the ‘Operational Services Agreement’). The 
Operational Services Agreement continues 
for consecutive periods beginning on the date 
of the last Annual General Meeting at which 
a continuation vote was put to shareholders 
(a ‘Continuation Meeting’) and ending on the 
date of the next Continuation Meeting. 

Ongoing costs
For the period ended 31 December 2020, the 
Company’s ongoing charges were calculated 
as 2.46% (2019: 2.57%) of NAV. 

The calculation is based on ongoing charges 
expressed as a percentage of the average NAV 
for the year. Ongoing charges are calculated in 
accordance with the guidelines issued by the 
Association of Investment Companies (‘AIC’). 
They comprise recurring costs, including the 
operating expenses of the Company, operational 

services’ fees paid to the Administrative Agent, 
and OCI’s share of the management fees paid 
by the underlying Oakley Funds. The calculation 
specifically excludes expenses, gains and 
losses relating to the acquisition or disposal  
of investments, performance-related fees,  
and financing charges. 

Operational Service Fees
Included in investment related fees are 
operational and performance fees paid 
to Oakley Capital Manager Limited. The 
Administrative Agent has been appointed 
by the Company to provide operational 
assistance and services to the Board with 
respect to the Company’s direct investments 
and generally to administer the assets of the 
Company, as provided for in the Operational 
Services Agreement.

Debt and equity direct investments
During 2020 and 2019, the Administrative 
Agent was paid an operational services fee 
of 2% per annum of the net asset value of 
certain of the Company’s direct investments. 
During 2019, the operational services fee 
was calculated by reference to all of the 
Company’s direct investments. With effect 
from 1 January 2020, operational services 
fees relating to direct debt investments were 
eliminated, so that the operational services 
fee became payable only by reference to the 
net asset value of the Company’s direct equity 
investments. With effect from 1 July 2020, no 
further operational services fees are payable 
by reference to the Company’s current direct 
equity investments.

Oakley Capital Fund I-III
2% on invested capital since the date  
of closure of the investment period.

Oakley Capital Fund IV and 
Oakley Capital Origin Fund
2% on fund commitment during the investment 
period (ending after the earlier of five  
years after the final closing date or 75%  
of commitments having been invested), then  
2% on invested capital, stepping down to  
1% on invested capital ten years after the  
final closing date.

Performance fees
The Administrative Agent is paid a 
performance fee of 20% of profits (after 
expenses) from the full or partial realisation 
on disposal of any direct equity investments 
subject to an 8% preferred return. With effect 
from 1 July 2020, no performance fees  
are payable by reference to the Company’s 
current direct equity investments. 

Stewardship and delegation 
of responsibilities
Under the Operational Services Agreement, the 
Board has delegated to the Administrative Agent 
substantial authority for carrying out the day-to-
day administrative functions of the Company.

The Company exercises its own voting rights 
on direct equity portfolio investments, which 
comprise only Time Out Group plc as at the 
reporting date.

Oakley has a policy of active portfolio 
management and ensures that significant 
time and resource is dedicated to every 
investment, with Oakley executives typically 
being appointed to portfolio company boards, 
in order to ensure the implementation and 
continued application of active, results- 
orientated corporate governance. OCI 
receives regular feedback on these activities.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS‘ REPORT CONTINUED

Oakley has 
a policy of 
active portfolio 
management 
and ensures that 
significant time 
and resource is 
dedicated to every 
investment.

Capital Markets Day
The Board holds an annual Capital Markets Day 
consisting of presentations to shareholders 
and analysts by senior members of the Oakley 
Group and management teams from a selection 
of Oakley Funds’ portfolio companies. The event 
was held digitally in 2020, with presentations 
focused on the performance of the underlying 
Oakley Funds’ investment portfolio. Directors of 
the Board attend the Capital Markets Day.

Public reporting

The Company’s Annual Report and Accounts, 
along with the half-year Financial Statements and 
other RNS releases, are prepared in accordance 
with applicable regulatory requirements and 
published on the Company’s website.

Share capital and voting rights
As at the date of this report, the Company had:

•  180,599,936 ordinary shares and voting 

rights in issue; and

• 

issued share capital of 180,599,936.

The rights attaching to the shares are set out 
in the bye-laws of the Company. There are no 
restrictions on the transfer of ordinary shares 
other than those which may be imposed by law 
from time to time. There are no special control 
rights in relation to the Company’s shares and 
the Company is not aware of any agreements 
between holders of securities that may result  
in restrictions on the transfer of securities or  
on voting rights. In accordance with the Market 
Abuse Regulation and the Company’s share 
dealing code, Board members and certain 
employees of the Company’s service providers 
are required to seek approval to deal in the 
Company’s shares.

At a general meeting of the Company, every 
holder of shares who is present in person or by 
proxy shall, on a poll, have one vote for every 

50

share of which they are the holder. All the rights 
attached to a treasury share shall be suspended 
and shall not be exercised by the Company while 
it holds such treasury shares and, where required 
by the Act, all treasury shares shall be excluded 
from the calculation of any percentage or fraction 
of the share capital or shares of the Company. As 
at 31 December 2020, the Company did not hold 
any treasury shares.

Dividend policy and distributions
The Board has adopted a dividend policy which 
takes into account the forecast profitability 
and underlying performance of the Company 
in addition to capital requirements, cash flows 
and distributable reserves. The Company has 
experienced strong NAV growth in 2020 despite 
the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
thanks to the resilient nature of the Oakley Funds’ 
portfolio companies’ business models.

The Company declared a final dividend of  
2.25 pence per share in respect of the year 
ended 31 December 2019, which was paid in 
April 2020. An interim dividend of 2.25 pence per 
share was paid by the Company in respect of the 
six months to 30 June 2020, in October 2020.

Share issuance and buy-backs
By a special resolution passed at the May 2020 
AGM, the Directors were authorised to issue 
shares and/or sell shares from treasury for cash 
on a non-pre-emptive basis provided that such 

authority shall be limited to the issue and/or sale 
of shares of up to 5% of the issued share capital 
as at the date of that meeting.

Unless specifically authorised by shareholders, 
no issuance of ordinary shares on a non-pre-
emptive basis will be made at a price less than the 
prevailing NAV per ordinary share at the time of 
issue. No such issuances are currently expected.

The Company conducts share buy-backs in the 
market with a view to addressing any imbalance 
between the supply of and demand for its shares, 
to increase the NAV per ordinary shares and/or 
to assist in maintaining a narrow discount to net 
asset value per ordinary share in relation to the 
price at which ordinary shares may be trading. 
Such purchases of ordinary shares will only be 
made for cash at prices below the prevailing NAV 
per ordinary share. Any repurchased shares will 
be cancelled in full. Directors’ powers of share 
issuance and/or buy-back will only be exercised 
if thought to be in the best interests  
of shareholders as a whole.

During 2020, the Company did not issue any 
shares. Five share buy-backs were completed 
during the year, pursuant to which 18 million 
shares, or 9.1% of the total shares in issue as 
at the beginning of 2020, were cancelled at a 
weighted average price of 230.0 pence, with a 
combined estimated positive impact on NAV  
per share of 12.6 pence. 

Execution date/status

18 March 2020

18 June 2020

29 July 2020

2 October 2020

3 December 2020

Total weighted average to date 18,000,000

Number 
of shares

Buy-back price
 (pence)

Buy-back price 
discount to NAV 
(%)

NAV per share  
impact estimate 
(pence)

3,000,000

1,340,000

3,660,000

3,053,000

6,947,000

1.59

2.05

2.25

2.525

2.575

2.30

54

43

37

31

30

36

2.9

1.1

2.5

1.8

4.2

12.6

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS‘ REPORT CONTINUED

The Board is 
committed to 
understanding 
stakeholders’ 
views.

51

Section 172 and stakeholder reporting
The Board is committed to understanding 
our stakeholders’ views and considering their 
interests in Board discussions and decision-
making. This includes having regard to the likely 
consequences of any decision in the long term, 
the need to foster the Company’s business 
relationships with service providers, the impact 
of the Company’s operations on the community 
and environment, and maintaining a reputation 
for high standards of business conduct. Through 
this engagement, the Board is able to understand 
better, their views and consider these views in 
their discussions and decision-making.

Shareholder communications

The support of our shareholders is critical to 
the continued success of the business and 
the achievement of our objectives. We believe 
our shareholders are interested in the financial 
performance of the Company, its ability to 
continue in operation for the foreseeable future 
and the maintenance of high standards of 
conduct and corporate governance.

The Board places a high degree of importance 
on engagement with shareholders, endeavouring 
to communicate clearly and regularly with 
existing and potential shareholders.

During the year the Board has engaged with 
shareholders in the following ways:

•  Annual General Meeting: An AGM is held 
each year, where a separate resolution is 
proposed on each substantially separate 
issue along with the presentation of the 
Annual Report and Accounts.

•  Capital Markets Day: Each year the Board 
holds an event consisting of presentations 
to shareholders and analysts by senior 
members of the Oakley Group.

•  Shareholder engagement: The Board 
maintains awareness of shareholder  
views by means of regular updates from  
its Investor Relations team and meetings  
with shareholders.

•  Website: The Company’s Annual Report and 
Accounts, along with the half-year Financial 
Statements and other RNS releases, are 
prepared in accordance with applicable 
regulatory requirements and published on 
the Company’s website.

During the year, some of the topics discussed 
with shareholders were: portfolio company 
performance including the impact of 
COVID-19; investment strategy and response 
to COVID-19; future fund investment 
opportunities; deal activity; and retail 
shareholder access via trading platforms. 

The Oakley Group also briefs the Board on a 
regular basis with regard to feedback received 
from analysts and investors. Any significant 
commentary raised by shareholders in relation 
to the Company is communicated to the Board. 
The Company’s Broker and Financial Adviser 
(‘Liberum Capital Limited’) also regularly 
reports to the Board at meetings. In addition, 
research reports published by financial 
institutions on the Company are circulated  
to the Board.

The Company reports formally to shareholders 
twice a year, with an emphasis on net asset value 
performance and updates. In addition, current 
information is provided to shareholders on an 
ongoing basis through the Company’s website.

Corporate and social responsibility
The Board considers the ongoing interests 
of shareholders and has open and regular 
dialogue with the Investment Adviser on the 
governance of the portfolio companies. 

The Company adopted an ESG Policy in 
March 2020; refer to pages 41 to 43.

Service providers and  
significant agreements
The following agreements and service 
providers are considered significant to  
the Company:

•  Oakley Capital Manager Limited 

(“Administrative Agent”) under the 
Operational Services Agreement.

•  Oakley Capital Limited (“Oakley”) as 

Investment Adviser to the Administrative 
Agent, under the terms of the Investment 
Advisory Agreement.

•  Mayflower Management Services 

(Bermuda) Limited under the 
Administration Agreement.

•  KPMG Audit Limited as appointed  

external Auditor.

•  Liberum Capital Limited as Broker and 

Financial Adviser.

The Board maintains regular contact and 
dialogue with its key service providers, 
through formal meetings and calls, as well 
as informal communications throughout 
the year. The Management Engagement 
Committee’s role is to review on a regular 
basis the appointment, remuneration and 
performance of the key service providers  
to the Company, with a key focus on the 
Investment Adviser and Administrative Agent.

As part of this role, the Committee 
encourages open dialogue and  
engagement with the service providers.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS‘ REPORT CONTINUED

The support of 
our shareholders 
is critical to the 
success of the 
business and 
achievement of 
our objectives.

52

Substantial shareholdings
As at 31 December 2020, the Company has received the following notifications of interest of 3% 
or more in the voting rights attached to the Company’s ordinary shares:

Shareholder

Asset Value Investors

OCI Directors

Sarasin and Partners

City of London Investment Management Company

Barwon Investment Partners

FIL Investment International

Lombard Odier Asset Management

Jon Wood and Family

Hargreaves Lansdown Stockbrokers

Hawksmoor Investment Management

% voting rights 
31 December 2020

% voting rights 
31 December 2019

13.7

10.2

7.3

6.7

5.8

5.4

5.4

4.4

4.1

3.4

14.0

9.2

7.0

4.8

7.2

4.6

5.1

3.4

2.3

1.5

Most notably, the aggregate voting rights of the top ten shareholders have also fallen from 70% 
in 2019 to 66% in 2020. 

Part of the Company’s rationale for moving its listing to the Specialist Fund Segment in August 
2019 was the potential for deeper trading from a broader range of shareholders. The following 
table outlines the shift in full-year trading volumes and turnover on the Company’s shares:

Measure

2020 full year

2019 full year

2018 full year

Average daily trading volume

487,437

570,857

342,453

Total volume traded in the year

123,321,647

146,139,416

86,640,604

Turnover (as % of average 
issued capital)

68.28

72.13

42.30

The Directors consider the continued elevated trading volume and diversification of the shareholder 
base as encouraging signs for unlocking future shareholder value in line with NAV growth.

Compensation for loss of office
There are no agreements between the 
Company and its Directors providing for 
compensation for loss of office that occurs 
because of a change of control.

Financial prospects and position
In compliance with Provision 36 of the  
AIC Code of Corporate Governance  
(the ‘AIC Code’), the Board has assessed 
the prospects of the Company over a period 
in excess of the 12 months required under the 
Going Concern assessment. 

We have considered the sustainability and 
resilience of the Company’s business model 
over the long term, including consideration 
of the impacts of COVID-19, and have based 
our assessment of the prospects of the 
Company on this consideration. This period of 
assessment of long-term prospects is greater 
than the period over which the Board has 
assessed the Company’s viability.

The Board considers three years as the most 
appropriate time period over which to assess 
the long-term viability of the Company, as 
required by the AIC Code. This time period has 
been chosen as a reasonable period over which 
the Board can reasonably, and with a sufficient 
degree of likelihood, assess the Company’s 
prospects and over which the existing Oakley 
Fund commitments will largely be drawn.

The Board has established procedures which 
provide a reasonable basis to make proper 
judgments on an ongoing basis as to the 
principal risks, financial position and prospects 
of the Company.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements53

DIRECTORS‘ REPORT CONTINUED

An AGM is held 
each year, where 
a separate 
resolution is 
proposed on 
each substantially 
separate issue.

Regular reporting to the Risk Committee of 
the Board provides for ongoing analysis and 
monitoring against risk appetite. Strategic 
considerations of the Board as it relates to 
financial prospects of the Company include:

•  Use of leverage. The Company has to date 

chosen not to lever its balance sheet.

•  Foreign exchange risk hedging. The 

Company does not hedge its foreign 
exchange exposure due to the unpredictable 
timing and quantum of private equity fund 
capital calls and distributions.

•  Cash management – monitoring of cash 
flow forecasts enabling the Company to 
meet ongoing commitments to the Funds.

•  Commitment to future Oakley Fund 

contributions based on analyses of liquidity 
forecasts and investment opportunities

•  Utilising, periodically, surplus cash  

balances to implement share buy-backs  
for cancellation.

Viability statement
Based upon this assessment, the Directors 
confirm they have a reasonable expectation 
that the Company will continue in operation and 
meet its liabilities as they fall due over the period 
of three years from the date of this report.

Going concern

After making enquiries and given the nature 
of the Company and its investments, the 
Directors, after due consideration, conclude 
that the Company will be able to continue 
for the foreseeable future (being a period 
of 12 months from the date of this report). 
Furthermore, the Directors are not aware 
of any material uncertainty regarding the 
Company’s ability to do so.

In reaching this conclusion, the Directors have 
assessed the nature of the Company’s assets 
and cash flow forecasts and consider that 
adverse investment performance should not 
have a material impact on the Company’s ability 
to meet its liabilities as they fall due. Accordingly, 
they are satisfied that it is appropriate to adopt 
a going concern basis in preparing these 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

Political donations and expenditure
The Company has made no political donations 
in the year and has no expectation of doing so 
in the future.

Annual General Meeting (‘AGM’)

An AGM is held each year, where a separate 
resolution is proposed on each substantially 
separate issue along with the presentation of 
the Annual Report and Accounts. All proxy votes 
are counted and, except where a poll is called, 
the level of proxies lodged for each resolution is 
announced at the Meeting and is published on 
the Company’s website. The notice of AGM and 
related papers are sent to shareholders at least 
21 working days before the Meeting.

The Chair and the Directors can be contacted 
through the Company Secretary, Oakley Capital 
Manager Limited, 3rd Floor, Mintflower Place,  
8 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton HM08, Bermuda.

In compliance with the bye-laws of the 
Company, the AGM will be conducted prior  
to 20 August 2021. Details of the AGM will  
be notified to shareholders separately to 
this report.

Disclosure of information to the auditor
Having made enquiries of fellow Directors and 
key service providers, each of the Directors 
confirms that:

Events after balance sheet date
Following the year-end, the following events 
have been noted that impact the Company’s 
look-through balance sheet:

•  to the best of their knowledge and belief, 

there is no relevant audit information of which 
the Company’s auditor is unaware; and

•  they have taken all the steps a Director 

might reasonably be expected to have taken 
to be aware of relevant audit information 
and to establish that the Company’s auditor 
is aware of that information.

Dividends – on 10 March 2021, the Board  
of Directors approved a final dividend of 2.25 
pence per share in respect of the financial year 
ended 31 December 2020. This is due to be 
paid on 15 April 2021 to shareholders registered 
on or before 26 March 2021. The ex-dividend 
date is 25 March 2021.

Partial sale – on 7 January 2021, the Oakley 
Fund II portfolio company, Daisy Group, 
announced an agreement to sell its stake 
in its Digital Wholesale Solutions division. 
OCI’s share of proceeds will be c.£22 million 
following this transaction, which includes the 
full repayment of OCI’s outstanding c.£17 
million direct loan to the Daisy Group. The 
transaction is subject to regulatory approval.

Origin Fund – on 25 January 2021, Oakley 
announced that the Origin Fund was closed  
to institutional investors, with an expected final 
fund size of €455 million. OCI committed a 
further €24.3 million to the Fund following the 
year end, taking the total OCI commitment to 
the Origin Fund to €129.3 million.

Acquisition – on 26 January 2021, Oakley 
Fund IV agreed to make a minority investment 
in idealista, the leading online real estate 
classifieds platform in Southern Europe.  
OCI’s indirect contribution via Fund IV was 
c.£43 million.

Acquisition – on 25 February, Oakley Fund IV  
completed its investment in Dexters, one 
of London’s leading independent chartered 
surveyors and estate agents. OCI’s indirect 
contribution via Fund IV was c.£13 million.

Refinancing – on 1 March 2021, Oakley  
Fund III completed a refinancing of its 
investment in Career Partner Group. OCI’s 
share of overall proceeds on a look-through 
basis was  
c.£28 million.

On behalf of the Board.

Caroline Foulger

Chair
10 March 2021

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
INVESTMENT POLICY

The Oakley 
Funds’ investment 
strategy is to 
focus primarily 
on private mid-
market, Western 
European 
businesses.

54

The Company seeks to meet its investment 
objective by investing primarily in the Oakley 
Funds, in successor funds managed by Oakley 
Capital Manager Limited (‘OCML’) and/or the 
General Partners of the Oakley Funds and/
or advised by the Investment Adviser (or their 
respective affiliates).

Cash resources held by the Company that are 
not called upon by the Oakley Funds and their 
successor funds (or other investments) will 
be invested under treasury guidelines set by 
the Board. Risk appetite is typically limited to 
placing such funds in cash deposits or near- 
cash deposits. The Company is authorised to 
hedge the foreign exchange exposure of any 
non-GBP cash deposit or investment.

In connection with certain direct investment 
opportunities made available alongside the 
Oakley Funds and any successor funds thereto, 
the Board has been advised by OCML that, 
from time to time, OCML or (in the case of 
Luxembourg-based Funds) the Luxembourg 
AIFM may invite one or more Limited Partners 
in the Oakley Funds (and successor funds) 
including the Company to directly invest 
alongside the Oakley Funds (and successor 
funds) on substantially the same terms as such 
Limited Partnerships. In such event, OCML 
or the Luxembourg AIFM (or, as applicable, 
the AIFM of the successor fund) would make 
available to the Company copies of the due 
diligence and analysis prepared by OCML 
or the Investment Adviser and any other third 
parties in relation to such direct investment 
opportunities. The Board would then determine 
whether or not, and to what level, the Company 
should directly invest.

Investment strategy of the  
Oakley Funds
The Oakley Funds’ investment strategy is to 
focus primarily on private mid-market Western 
European businesses, with the objective of 
delivering long-term capital appreciation within 
the Oakley Funds. The life of each Oakley Fund 
is expected to be approximately ten years, 
which includes a five-year investment period 
from the date of final closing.

The Oakley Funds primarily focus on equity 
investments that enable them to secure a 
controlling position in the target company. The 
Oakley Funds typically invest in sectors that 
are growing or where consolidation is taking 
place, investing both in performing and under- 
performing companies, supporting buy-and-
build strategies, rapid growth, or businesses 
undergoing significant operational or strategic 
change. The sectors targeted by the Oakley 
Funds have included, in particular, technology, 
consumer and education. However, the Oakley 
Funds’ sector focus is considered flexible 
through time in order to remain responsive to 
new or emerging opportunities.

Reinvestment
On any realisation of investments, the Company 
may reinvest funds in any of the following ways:

•  by way of commitment to successor funds, 

or new funds with successor strategies such 
as the Origin Fund, in each case managed 
by OCML, the Luxembourg AIFM and/or 
advised by the Investment Adviser or their 
respective affiliates; or 

•  to a lesser extent, in direct investment 

opportunities alongside the Oakley Funds 
and/or successor funds provided by OCML 
or (in the case of Luxembourg-based Funds) 
the Luxembourg AIFM, or the AIFM of any 
successor fund; or

•  in cash deposits and cash equivalents.

Borrowing powers of the Company
The Company has the power to borrow money 
in any manner. However, the Directors do not 
intend to borrow more than 25% of the net 
asset value of the Company determined at the 
time of drawdown. The Company may utilise 
leverage when deemed appropriate by the 
Board. The Company may be required to use 
its investments as security for any borrowings 
which it puts in place.

As at 31 December 2020, the Company had no 
outstanding borrowings, nor encumbrance on 
any of its assets.

Changes to the investment policy
No material changes have been made to the 
Company’s investment policy during the year.

Risk management
The Board has developed a set of risk 
management policies, procedures 
and controls, and has delegated the 
monitoring, management and mitigation 
of these principal risks to the Risk 
Committee. The Risk Committee provides 
feedback and oversight to the Board on a 
regular basis. Refer to the Risk Committee 
Report to the Board on page 65.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsSTATEMENT OF DIRECTORS‘ RESPONSIBILITIES

The Directors 
are responsible 
for preparing the 
Annual Report 
and Consolidated 
Financial 
Statements in 
accordance with 
applicable law 
and regulations.

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
Annual Report and the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in accordance with applicable law 
and regulations.

Bermuda company law requires the Directors 
to lay Financial Statements for each financial 
year before the Members. The Directors 
have prepared the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’). 
Consistent with the common law requirements 
to exercise their fiduciary duties consistent 
with their level of skills, the Directors will 
not approve the Consolidated Financial 
Statements unless they are satisfied that the 
Consolidated Financial Statements present 
fairly, in all material respects, the state of 
affairs of the Company and of the profit or 
loss of the Company for the year. In preparing 
these Consolidated Financial Statements, the 
Directors are required to:

•  select suitable accounting policies and then 

apply them consistently;

•  make judgments and estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent;

•  state whether applicable accounting 

standards have been followed subject to 
any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the Consolidated Financial 
Statements;

•  assess the Company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern, disclosing as applicable, 
matters related to going concern; and

•  use the going concern basis of accounting 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
Company will continue in business.

The Company’s Consolidated Financial 
Statements are published on  
www.oakleycapitalinvestments.com.

The responsibility for the maintenance and 
integrity of the website has been delegated to 
the Investment Adviser. The work carried out 
by the Auditor does not involve consideration 
of the maintenance and integrity of this 
website and, accordingly, the Auditor accepts 
no responsibility for any changes that have 
occurred to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements since they were published on 
the website.

The Directors are responsible for ensuring that 
(i) proper accounting records are kept which are 
sufficient to show and explain the Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable 
accuracy at any time the financial position of 
the Company, and (ii) that the Consolidated 
Financial Statements comply with the Bermuda 
Companies Act 1981 (as amended). They are 
also responsible for safeguarding the assets of 
the Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud 
and other irregularities.

Responsibility statement of  
the Directors in respect of the  
Annual Report
Each of the Directors, whose names and 
functions are listed in the Board of Directors 
section of this report, confirms that, to the best 
of his/her knowledge:

•  the Annual Report includes a fair review  
of the development and performance 
of the business and the position of the 
Company, together with a description of  
the principal risks and uncertainties that 
the Company faces;

55

•  the Consolidated Financial Statements, 

prepared in accordance with IFRS, present 
fairly, in all material respects, the assets, 
liabilities, financial position and profit or  
loss of the Company and, taken as a whole, 
are in compliance with the requirements set 
out in the Bermuda Companies Act 1981 
(as amended);

•  the Annual Report includes a fair review 
of the development and performance of 
the business and position of the Company 
and a description of the principal risks and 
uncertainties the Company faces;

•  the Investment Adviser’s report, together 
with the Directors’ report and Chair’s 
statement, include a fair review of the 
information as required; and

•  the Annual Report and Consolidated 

Financial Statements, taken as a whole, 
provide the information necessary to assess 
the Company’s position and performance, 
business model and strategy, and is fair, 
balanced and understandable.

On behalf of the Board.

Caroline Foulger

Chair
10 March 2021

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements56

CORPORATE  
GOVERNANCE REPORT

The Board 
recognises the 
importance of 
sound corporate 
governance. 

Caroline Foulger 
Chair

Chair’s introduction to 
Corporate Governance
Good corporate governance is a fundamental 
component of the Company’s activities. 

In addition to this provision, at least half the 
Board, excluding the Chair, should be Non-
Executive Directors whom the Board considers 
to be independent of the Oakley Group.

The primary function of the Board is to provide 
leadership and strategic direction and it is 
responsible for the overall management and 
control of the Company.

It is through these functions that the Board 
delivers long-term sustainable value and 
responsible growth for its shareholders.

The Company voluntarily applies the FCA 
Listing Rules where appropriate. Listing Rule 
9.8.4C requires the Company to include 
certain information in a single identifiable 
section of this Annual Report or a cross-
reference table indicating where this 
information is set out. The Directors confirm 
that there are no disclosures to be made in this 
regard, save that: (i) Peter Dubens has waived 
his right to receive a Director’s fee; and (ii) 
the Company has entered into an Operational 
Services Agreement with the Administrative 
Agent, Oakley Capital Manager Limited, which 
is owned 100% by Peter Dubens, a Director of 
the Company.

Statement of independence
The AIC Code recommends that the Chair 
should be independent in character and 
judgement and free from relationships or 
circumstances that may affect or could appear 
to affect his or her judgement.

Independence is determined by ensuring 
that, apart from receiving their fees for 
acting as Directors or owning shares, 
Non-Executive Directors do not have any 
other material relationships with, nor derive 
additional remuneration from or as a result of 
transactions with, the Company, its promoters, 
its management or its partners, which in 
the judgement of the Board may affect, or 
could appear to affect the independence of          
their judgement.

The Board
Caroline Foulger, Fiona Beck and Richard 
Lightowler remain independent, as they are 
free from any business or other relationship 
that could materially interfere with their 
exercise of judgement. Stewart Porter will 
be independent in July 2021 on the third 
anniversary of his retirement from the  
Oakley Group.

Peter Dubens does not vote on matters in 
respect of which he is deemed to have a 
conflict of interest.

It is the Board’s responsibility to ensure that the 
Company has a clear strategy and vision, and to 
oversee the overall management and oversight 
of the Company, and for its growing success. 

In particular, the Board is responsible for 
making investment decisions into Oakley 
Funds and direct investments, monitoring 
financial performance, setting and monitoring 
the Company’s risk appetite and ensuring that 
obligations to shareholders are understood 
and met.

The Directors believe that the Board has an 
appropriate balance of skills and experience, 
independence and knowledge of the 
Company to enable it to provide effective 
strategic leadership and proper governance  
of the Company.

Directors’ terms of appointment
The terms and conditions of appointment for 
Non-Executive Directors are outlined in their 
letters of appointment and are available for 
inspection at the Company’s registered office 
during normal business hours and at the AGM 
for 15 minutes prior to and during the meeting.

In accordance with the Company’s bye-laws 
and best practice, Directors put themselves 
forward for annual re-election at every AGM.

The Board’s process for the appointment of 
new Directors and proposed re-appointment 
of existing Directors is conducted in a manner 
which is transparent, engaged and open. 
The Nomination Committee oversees the 
nomination of Board members, as outlined in 
the Committee’s report.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT CONTINUED

57

The Board 
has delegated 
specific areas of 
responsibility to 
its Committees.

Board meetings
Director Board attendance is summarised as 
part of the Nomination Committee report.

The principal matters reviewed and considered 
by the Board during 2020 included:

•  regular reports from the Investment  

Adviser on the Oakley Funds;

• 

increased frequency of update calls with 
the Investment Adviser relating to portfolio 
performance during the global pandemic;

•  regular reports and updates from 

the Investment Adviser on the direct 
investments and debt facilities held by  
the Company;

•  regular reports from Investor Relations  

and the Investment Broker;

•  direct investment opportunities;

•  reports and updates from the  

Administrative Agent;

•  consideration of the Company’s  
share price and net asset value;

•  regular reports from the  
Board’s Committees;

•  the Annual Report and Half-yearly Report;

•  report from external remuneration 

consultant to the Remuneration Committee;

•  report from the external auditor; and

•  corporate matters including dividend  

policy and share buy-backs.

Board training
New Directors are provided with an 
induction programme tailored to the 
particular circumstances of the appointee 
and which includes being briefed fully about 
the Company by the Chair and Senior 
Executives of the Investment Adviser. The 
Board programme considers the training and 
development needs of both the Board as a 
whole and of individual Directors.

Information and support
The Board ensures it receives, in a timely 
manner, information of an appropriate quality 
to enable it to adequately discharge its 
responsibilities. Papers are provided to the 
Directors in advance of the relevant Board or 
committee meeting to enable them to make 
further enquiries about any matter prior to the 
meeting, should they so wish. This also allows 
the Directors who are unable to attend to 
submit views in advance of the meeting.

The Board of Directors has regular access 
to the Investment Adviser and Administrator 
which supports open discussion at 
Board meetings.

Reports from the Committees  
of the Board
The Board has delegated specified areas of 
responsibility to its Committees. The terms 
of reference of all Committees are available 
publicly on the Company’s website.

In practice, all Board members are eligible 
to attend all Committee meetings, unless 
specifically identified conflicts are deemed  
to require otherwise.

The Board primarily assesses each 
Committee’s performance by analysing output 
against its terms of reference and its members’ 
attendance at Committee meetings.

AIC Code
The Board recognises the importance of 
sound corporate governance and has chosen 
to comply with the Association of Investment 
Companies Code of Corporate Governance 
(the ‘AIC Code’), as is appropriate for the 
Company’s size and listing.

The AIC represents closed-ended investment 
companies whose shares are traded on public 
markets. The purpose of the AIC Code is to 
provide a framework of best practice in respect 
of the governance of investment companies.

The Board has considered the Principles and 
Provisions of the AIC Code of Corporate 
Governance, as last updated in February 2019. 
The AIC Code addresses the Principles and 
Provisions set out in the 2018 UK Corporate 
Governance Code (the ‘UK Code’), as well as 
setting out additional Principles on issues that 
are of specific relevance to the Company.

The Board considers that reporting consistent 
with the Principles of the AIC Code, which 
has been endorsed by the Financial Reporting 
Council, will provide more relevant information 
to shareholders.

A copy of the AIC Code is available on the 
AIC’s website at www.theaic.co.uk. It includes 
an explanation of how the AIC Code adapts 
the Principles and Provisions set out in the  
UK Code to make them relevant for 
investment companies.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT CONTINUED

58

The Board has 
maintained its 
focus on the 
governance 
process to 
preserve and 
create value for 
shareholders.

The Company has complied with all the 
Principles and Provisions of the AIC Code and 
the relevant provisions of the UK Code, except 
as set out below:

•  the UK Code includes provisions relating 
to the need for an internal audit function. 
The Board and Audit Committee continues 
to consider the need for a dedicated 
internal audit or assurance function as not 
required for the Company, given the robust, 
independent ongoing work conducted by 
the Management Engagement Committee 
in reviewing service providers’ performance, 
internal controls and quality.

In the context of the business of the Company, 
certain recommendations of the AIC Code 
have not been deemed appropriate to its 
governance framework, as explained below:

•  the UK Code includes provisions relating  

to the role of senior executive remuneration. 
The Board continues to consider this provision 
as not relevant to the Company as it does not 
have any employees, with remuneration of 
service providers being actively considered 
and reviewed for appropriateness by the 
Management Engagement Committee.  
Risk management decisions are taken by  
the Board and its Committees.

•  AIC Provision 24: The Board has chosen 
not to adopt a fixed policy on tenure of 
the Chair. The tenure of the current Chair, 
Caroline Foulger’s appointment has been 
set to end and/or be considered for renewal 
in September 2022. The Board recognises 
the value of refreshing its membership 
regularly, and has established fixed tenure 
for all three independent Directors. The 
Nomination Committee of the Board  
prefers to retain the flexibility to assess 
the balance of skills and experience of 
the Board as a whole. Furthermore, given 
the long-term nature of the Company’s 
investments, the Directors consider that 
maintaining a degree of continuity and a 
long-term perspective at Board level can  
be of particular value.

The Company’s compliance with the AIC Code 
principles is summarised on the following pages.

The Corporate Governance Report has been 
approved by the Board and is signed on its 
behalf by:

Caroline Foulger

Chair
10 March 2021

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements59

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT CONTINUED

Board leadership and purpose

Principle

Evidence of compliance

A 
A successful Company is led by an effective 
Board, whose role is to promote the long-term 
sustainable success of the Company, generating 
value for shareholders and contributing to  
wider society.

B 
The Board should establish the Company’s 
purpose, values and strategy, and satisfy itself that 
these and its culture are aligned. All Directors must 
act with integrity, lead by example and promote 
the desired culture.

Long-term sustainability of the financial prospects of the Company’s business model is considered as part of ongoing strategy discussions by the Board.

This is premised upon the repeatable success of the Oakley Funds, and therefore due diligence of the Investment Adviser’s processes and 
performance continues to be considered by the Management Engagement Committee of the Board.

Risk appetite is monitored and maintained within Board-approved limits, preserving value and controlling for current and emerging risks.

The Company’s investment policy and objective is included as part of this Annual Report – refer to the inside front cover of this report and page 54. 
Also see the Company’s business model and strategy on page 18.

The Board believes that its core strategy of investing in the Oakley Funds provides access to Oakley’s entrepreneurial values and willingness to embrace 
complexity. The Oakley Funds provide access to investment opportunities at attractive entry multiples, consistent with the Company’s investment objectives.

Oakley summarises its values as: 

CONNECTED: An established network of European entrepreneurs that identify opportunities and drive growth. 

CREATIVE: The ability and experience to tackle complex transactions and unlock hidden pockets of value.

COLLABORATIVE: A culture of humility and openness and a commitment to long-term partnership.

The Board actively fosters and supports a culture that is open to new ideas, and is able to leverage the experience and expertise of its service providers.

The Company has enhanced dedication to its environmental, social and governance impacts on wider society during the year. The Company is working 
closely with the Investment Adviser’s newly appointed Head of Sustainability as the ESG process is embedded throughout the investment cycle and has 
added ESG process to its own portfolio monitoring and governance framework.

The Nomination Committee performs an annual effectiveness assessment of the Board, which includes testing of alignment with strategy, purpose and 
values. Refer to the report by the Nomination Committee on page 68.

Oakley has the empathy to understand the challenges faced by entrepreneurial founders and management teams, and the experience to work closely 
with them to provide solutions as they develop and grow their business. 

C  
The Board should ensure that the necessary 
resources are in place for the Company to 
meet its objectives and measure performance 
against them. The Board should also establish 
a framework of prudent and effective controls, 
which enable risk to be assessed and managed.  

Through the work of its regular Committee and Board meetings, the Board ensures frequent measurement against the Company’s objectives. The 
adequacy, effectiveness and appropriateness of resources and controls are monitored and discussed regularly at Board meetings. The Directors’ Report 
outlines the activities of the Board in more detail.

>   The Management Engagement Committee assesses key service providers’ performance including expectations for effectiveness of its respective 

control environments – refer to the Committee Report on page 69.

>   The Audit Committee oversees the internal and financial control environment for adequacy and effectiveness – refer to the Committee Report on page 63.

>   The Risk Committee establishes the Company’s risk framework in conjunction with Board-approved risk appetites. The risk framework is used to 

monitor and measure established and emerging risks.

>   The Nomination Committee aims to balance skills, experience and diversity of Board members and conducts, at least annually, a Board 

effectiveness assessment.

>  The Governance, Regulatory and Compliance Committee aims to assist the Board to fulfil its corporate governance and oversight responsibilities in 

relation to the relevant codes, laws, regulations and policies impacting the Company. 

The Company implements and strictly monitors its Conflicts of Interest Policy. There were no breaches of this policy in 2020. 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT CONTINUED

60

Principle

Evidence of compliance

D  
In order for the Company to meet its 
responsibilities to shareholders and stakeholders, 
the Board should ensure effective engagement 
with, and encourage participation from, 
these parties.

The Board is committed to maintain the Company’s reputation for high standards of conduct and engagement with its shareholders and stakeholders – 
refer to Section 172 reporting on page 51.

The Board remains committed to transparent reporting in all communications including in Annual and Half-year Reports, via the Company website,  
and by means of annual shareholder meetings and Capital Markets Days.

Division of responsibilities

Principle

Evidence of compliance

F  
The Chair leads the Board and is responsible for its 
overall effectiveness in directing the Company. They 
should demonstrate objective judgement throughout 
their tenure and promote a culture of openness and 
debate. In addition, the Chair facilitates constructive 
Board relations and the effective contribution of all 
Non-Executive Directors, and ensures that Directors 
receive accurate, timely and clear information.

G  
The Board should consist of an appropriate 
combination of Directors (and, in particular, 
independent Non-Executive Directors) such that 
no one individual or small group of individuals 
dominates the Board’s decision-making.

Caroline Foulger, as Chair, leads the Board of Directors with an open culture of demonstrative challenge, openness and accountability. She was 
independent at appointment, and is considered by the Board to remain so for all intents, constructions and purposes, as assessed consistently with  
the circumstances listed in AIC Provision 13.

The responsibilities of the Board are set out in the Company’s bye-laws, which are published on its website. All Committees’ terms of reference are 
furthermore also published on the Company’s website.

The number of meetings of the Board and its Committees, and the individual attendance by Directors are reported on in the Nomination Committee’s 
Report to the Board, which is included in this Annual Report.

Three of five Directors are considered independent (i.e. Caroline Foulger, Richard Lightowler and Fiona Beck). Stewart Porter will be considered 
independent effective July 2021 following more than three years from his retirement from Oakley.

After Craig Bodenstab stepped down from the Board, Richard Lightowler was appointed as Senior Independent Director, securing an available path  
of intermediation for shareholders and other Directors, whilst also acting as trusted adviser and sounding board to the Chair.

Peter Dubens is the Founder and Managing Partner of the Oakley Group, and hence not considered independent. The Company implements a strict 
Conflicts of Interest Policy to mitigate any potential interference with Directors’ exercise of judgement.

The culture of open and honest communication and forthright discussion means no individual or small group of Board members dominates decision-making.

H  
Non-Executive Directors should have sufficient time 
to meet their Board responsibilities. They should 
provide constructive challenge, strategic guidance, 
offer specialist advice and hold third-party service 
providers to account.

All Directors’ other commitments are monitored, reported, and publicly disclosed by RNS as appropriate. During 2020, demands on Directors’ time was 
considered at all times prior to the approval of additional material mandates being approved by the Board.

Directors have regular direct access to both senior and junior level service provider staff. The Management Engagement Committee enforces and 
supports continuous improvement both from a tactical service delivery and high-level strategic engagement perspective.

The Management Engagement Committee’s Report includes an assessment of the performance of the Oakley Group and other service providers for the year. 
For 2020, the performance of significant service providers was deemed as strong. A review of administration services is scheduled for the first half of 2021.

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61

Principle

Evidence of compliance

I  
The Board, supported by the Company Secretary, 
should ensure that it has the policies, processes, 
information, time and resources it needs in order  
to function effectively and efficiently.

The Administrative Agent, Oakley Capital Manager Limited, also acts as Company Secretary and is based at the Company’s registered address  
in Bermuda. 

Board members have readily available access to senior staff at the Administrative Agent and Investment Adviser, enhancing information flow in support  
of effective decision-making.

Directors and Committees of the Board have access to independent professional advice, at the Company’s expense, if deemed necessary and 
appropriate. This is provided for in the terms of reference of each relevant Committee, available on the Company’s website.

The ultimate decision to invest, or take other investment decisions, sits with the Board. In the ordinary course, this is done after reviewing the 
recommendations of the Investment Adviser.

Composition, succession and evaluation

Provision

Evidence of compliance

J  
Appointments to the Board should be subject to a 
formal, rigorous and transparent procedure, and 
an effective succession plan should be maintained. 
Both appointments and succession plans should 
be based on merit and objective criteria and, within 
this context, should promote diversity of gender, 
social and ethnic backgrounds, cognitive and 
personal strengths.

K  
The Board and its Committees should have a 
combination of skills, experience and knowledge. 
Consideration should be given to the length of 
service of the Board as a whole and membership 
regularly refreshed.

L  
Annual evaluation of the Board should consider 
its composition, diversity and how effectively 
members work together to achieve objectives. 
Individual evaluation should demonstrate whether 
each Director continues to contribute effectively.

The Nomination Committee completes a formal due diligence process on all appointments. Promotion of inclusiveness, diversity of gender and 
professional backgrounds, as well as personal strengths are thoroughly incorporated in decision-making. The Board has achieved a 40%/60% gender 
balance and aims to develop its ethnic diversity in the future.

The Board considers the current level of diversity of demographic, soft and hard skills, as well as balance of appropriate experience and tenure.

Each of the Directors retire and are subject to re-election at each AGM. Nomination decisions are taken by the Nomination Committee of the Board.

Refer to the Directors’ Report for the biography of each Director, page 46. Fiona Beck was appointed to the Board in September 2020, bringing a depth 
of experience in leadership roles and telecoms industry expertise.

Caroline Foulger’s position as Chair is currently due to expire on 30 September 2022, approximately six years after her first appointment to the Board. 
Due to the long-term nature of the Company’s investments in the Oakley Funds, continuity and succession planning are important considerations that  
are considered and assessed by the Nomination Committee of the Board.

Board and Committee effectiveness is formally assessed at least annually.

The objective of Board diversity and inclusion is taken into account during the Board nomination and evaluation process.

The assessment for 2020 assessed the Board as a whole and each Director’s performance as strong.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements62

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT CONTINUED

Audit, risk and internal control

Principle

Evidence of compliance

M  
The Board should establish formal and 
transparent policies and procedures to ensure 
the independence and effectiveness of external 
audit functions and satisfy itself on the integrity of 
financial and narrative statements.

N  
The Board should present a fair, balanced and 
understandable assessment of the Company’s 
position and prospects.

O  
The Board should establish procedures to manage 
risk, oversee the internal control framework, and 
determine the nature and extent of the principal 
risks the Company is willing to take in order to 
achieve its long-term strategic objectives.

The Audit Committee, consisting of three independent Directors considers the independence and effectiveness of the external auditors at least annually. 
Given the size and composition of the Company’s Board, it has been deemed appropriate that the Chair is a member of the Audit Committee in order to 
satisfy the requirement for the Committee to be made up of three independent Directors. 

The Company rigorously follows policy and procedure to ensure effectiveness of external audit and integrity of Financial Statements and narrative 
reporting. Refer to the Audit Committee Report on page 63.

The Company’s financial position and prospects is reviewed on an ongoing basis; refer to the viability statement on page 53. This includes assessment 
and monitoring of emerging and principal risks relevant to the business model of the Company. The Annual and Half-year Report provides fair, balanced 
and understandable commentary on the Company’s position and prospects. 

The Risk Committee of the Board monitors risk against risk appetite, which is reassessed at least annually. The operational, financial and compliance 
control framework of the Company is materially implemented by service providers. These are overseen by the Management Engagement Committee. 
The Governance, Regulatory and Compliance Committee monitors and oversees implementation of compliance controls and compliance with relevant 
laws and regulations. Refer to the respective Committee Reports.

Remuneration

Principle

Evidence of compliance

P  
Remuneration policies and practices should  
be designed to support strategy and promote 
long-term sustainable success.

Q  
A formal and transparent procedure for developing 
remuneration policy should be established. No 
Director should be involved in deciding their own 
remuneration outcome.

R  
Directors should exercise independent judgement 
and discretion when authorising remuneration 
outcomes, taking account of Company and 
individual performance, and wider circumstances.

Directors of the Company, excluding Peter Dubens, are paid a fixed Director’s fee only. Peter Dubens does not receive a fee.

The Company has adopted a policy whereby independent Directors are required to hold shares in the Company to the value of one year’s fees within 
three years of appointment.

The Remuneration Committee reviews market appropriateness and fairness of Director remuneration at least annually. During 2020, the Board, by means 
of the Remuneration Committee, had an external remuneration consultant review and provided recommendations on Directors’ fees appropriate for the 
Company’s circumstances. It was agreed to increase Directors’ fees as outlined on page 71.

Company performance, operating complexities, individual contribution and market circumstances are all considered by the Remuneration Committee.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsAUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

The Board is  
supported by the  
Audit Committee, 
which comprises 
Richard Lightowler 
as the Chair of 
the Committee, 
Fiona Beck and      
Caroline Foulger.

63

Objectives for 2021
•  Continued oversight of the investment valuation process and 

Achievements in 2020
•  Completion of a tender process for external audit services.

methodology to ensure that NAV is reported fairly.

•  Concluded that the year-end valuations have been effectively 

•  Regular monitoring of impact of COVID-19 on portfolio 

carried out, and that investments are fairly valued.

companies and NAV. 

•  Oversight and assessment of quality of external auditor. 

•  Work through the transition plan for Audit Engagement Partner.

•  Continue to provide oversight of financial reporting, internal 

controls and audit process.

•  Active monitoring of impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 

portfolio companies and resultant effect on valuation process  
and NAV estimates.

The principal role of the Audit Committee is 
to consider the following matters and make 
appropriate recommendations to the Board  
to ensure that:

following the retirement of Laurence Blackall 
at the May 2020 AGM. As at 8 March 2021, the 
Audit Committee comprised Richard Lightowler 
(Chair), Caroline Foulger and Fiona Beck. 

•  the integrity of financial reporting and the 
Annual Report, taken as a whole, is fair, 
balanced and understandable and provides 
the information necessary for shareholders 
to assess the Company’s performance, 
business model and strategy;

•  the independence, objectivity and 

effectiveness of the appointed Auditor is 
monitored and reviewed. The Committee 
additionally reviews the Auditor’s 
performance in terms of quality, control and 
value and considers whether shareholders 
would be better served by a change of 
Auditor; and

•  the internal control systems of the Company 

are adequate and effective. 

The Chair of the Audit Committee is appointed 
by the Board of Directors. Richard Lightowler 
was appointed as Audit Committee Chair 

The Audit Committee met three times during 
the year under review and has continued to 
support the Board in fulfilling its oversight 
responsibilities. The Audit Committee formally 
reports to the Board on its proceedings after 
each meeting on all matters within its duties 
and responsibilities. Attendance is summarised 
as part of the report by the Nomination 
Committee of the Board.

Financial reporting
One of the most significant risks in the 
Company’s accounts is the valuation of the 
Oakley Funds and of the Company’s direct 
debt and equity investments, specifically 
whether those investments are fairly and 
consistently valued. This issue is considered 
carefully when the Audit Committee reviews 
the Company’s Annual Report.

A key area of focus of the Committee is the 
underlying business performance of the 
Oakley Funds’ portfolio companies and the 
methodologies and estimates used in their 
valuation. This is also a key area of focus of  
the Auditor.

The Board met regularly during the year outside 
the normal Board cycle to receive updates from 
the Investment Adviser on how the pandemic 
was affecting portfolio companies, what 
actions were being taken by those companies 
and the resultant impacts on financial results, 
prospects and therefore, valuations.

Valuations are produced by the Investment 
Adviser and are independently reviewed by 
a professional valuation firm who report on 
their procedures and the conclusions of their 
work. The Committee reviews and ensures 
continued independence of the external 
valuation firm. The Investment Adviser 
provides detailed explanations of the  
rationale for the valuation methodologies. 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsAUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT CONTINUED

64

The Audit Committee concluded that the year-
end valuation process had been effectively 
carried out and that the investments have been 
fairly valued. It is noted that both the valuation 
process and accounting principles applied 
during the year were materially consistent with 
previous years.

During the year, the Audit Committee reviewed 
and approved the Company’s Half-year Report 
and dividend declarations.

The Audit Committee approved the Annual 
Report, confirming to the Board that financial 
and narrative reporting are fair, balanced and 
understandable, in compliance with the AIC 
Code of Corporate Governance.

Audit: independence and objectivity
The Committee is responsible for overseeing 
the relationship with the external Auditor 
including (but not limited to): approval of 
their remuneration; approval of their terms 
of engagement; assessing annually their 
independence and objectivity; monitoring  
the Auditor’s compliance with relevant ethical 
and professional guidance on the rotation of 
audit partners and specialists; and assessing 
annually their qualifications, expertise and 
resources and the overall effectiveness of  
the audit process.

KPMG Audit Limited (‘KPMG’ or the ‘Auditor’), 
located in Hamilton, Bermuda, has been the 
Company’s Auditor since 2007. The Audit 
Committee reviews their performance annually. 
The Audit Committee considers a range of 
factors in determining the quality of the audit 
firm including independence and objectivity, 
quality of service, the Auditor’s specialist 
expertise and the level of audit fee. Based on 
the Company’s policy, the Auditor is required 

to rotate the audit partner every five years.  
The year ended 31 December 2020 is the 
fourth year of the current audit partner’s 
involvement leading the audit of the Company.

The Committee is satisfied that these  
services do not impact Auditor independence 
or otherwise impact the quality of the 
external audit.

The Audit Committee undertook a tender 
process early in 2020 for the 2021 external 
audit. Three firms (including KPMG) were 
invited to participate. From the initial 
submissions received, the Committee 
narrowed the candidates to two firms. This 
process concluded in the retention of KPMG 
as external auditor. Key to this decision was 
KPMG’s effectiveness, strength of team and 
strong controls in support of maintaining 
independence. As a former partner of KPMG, 
Richard Lightowler was not involved in this 
tender process and did not assume the role of 
Chair until the tender process was complete. 

Any non-audit work carried out by the Auditor 
must be approved in advance by the Audit 
Committee. In deciding whether to engage the 
Auditor for non-audit services the Committee 
considers the impact on independence, 
potential conflicts of interest, the nature of the 
work being performed, the ability of the team 
conducting the work and its relationship to the 
audit team as well as the quantum of fees in 
relation to the audit fee.

During the year, the Audit Committee 
approved the following non-audit services 
provided by KPMG:

Internal control and risk management
The Audit Committee considers the potential 
need for an internal audit function on an  
annual basis. 

The Company engages service providers 
to carry out all significant operating and 
financial reporting activities. The Management 
Engagement Committee monitors the 
performance of all key service providers, 
including a consideration of their internal 
controls and compliance activities. The 
Company receives direct reporting from 
the service providers (including from their 
compliance functions) on internal controls, 
the identification of any weaknesses or 
significant changes in process. This oversight 
by the Management Engagement Committee 
is considered adequately robust and 
independent given the nature of operations 
and obviates the need for an internal 
audit function.

No material control weaknesses or any 
suspicions of potential fraud were identified  
by the Company. The Company and its  
key service providers implement clear 
whistle-blowing and anti-bribery and 
corruption policies.

•  assistance with the preparation of Bermuda 
Economic Substance Declaration (‘ESD’) 
filings; and

•  regulatory and tax updates to the Board 

of Directors.

On behalf of the Board.

Richard Lightowler

Chair of the Audit Committee

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsRISK COMMITTEE REPORT

The Board is 
supported by the 
Risk Committee, 
which comprises 
two Non-Executive 
Directors. Richard 
Lightowler is 
the Chair of the 
Committee and 
Caroline Foulger 
also serves on 
the Committee.

65

Objectives for 2021
•  Ensuring the risk incident report remains clear of any material risk 

Achievements in 2020
•  Risk incident report clear of any material risk events for the year.

events for the year.

•  Appointed new Non-Executive Director to chair the 

•  Enabling increased efficiency in policy and process review and 

Risk Committee.

transparency through the use of technology.

•  Continuing to robustly and effectively challenge the portfolio 

monitoring and reporting process.

•  Improved the methodologies and processes used by the 
Company for identifying, evaluating and monitoring risk.

•  Further quantified and expanded risk appetite agreed with 

the Board.

Effective identification, management and 
mitigation of risks is central to the Company 
achieving its strategic objectives. The Board 
develops and maintains the Company’s 
risk management strategy, and performs 
oversight of its implementation. Responsibility 
for implementation of the risk management 
appetite, strategy, monitoring and reporting is 
delegated to the Risk Committee.

The Risk Committee has oversight of the 
Company’s risk management process  
including managing risk tolerances.  
The Committee is responsible for ensuring  
the effective application of risk management  
in the operations of the Company. 

The Risk Committee acts separately from 
the function of portfolio management and 
is comprised of Non-Executive Directors, 
with support from resources independent 
of the Investment Adviser. The Chair of the 
Risk Committee is appointed by the Board 
of Directors. The role and responsibility of 
the Chair of the Risk Committee is to set the 
agenda for meetings of the Risk Committee 
and, in doing so, take responsibility for 
ensuring that the Risk Committee fulfils its 
duties under its terms of reference.

As at 8 March 2021, the Risk Committee 
comprised Richard Lightowler (Chair) and 
Caroline Foulger.

The Risk Committee met four times during 
the year under review and has continued 
to support the Board in its oversight, 
monitoring and mitigation of emerging 
and principal risks.

The principal risks and uncertainties faced 
by the Company are described below. Note 
5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
provides detailed explanations of the risks 
associated with the Company’s investments.

On behalf of the Board.

Richard Lightowler

Chair of the Risk Committee

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsPRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

66

During the year under review, the Risk Committee has continued to identify, assess, monitor and manage risks within the Company, including those that would impact its future performance, 
solvency, liquidity or reputation. This review includes the monitoring of risk exposure compared with the risk appetite established by the Board.

Key risks and uncertainties of the Company are assessed on a scale, considering their impact and likelihood. The Committee monitors detailed and, wherever possible, quantifiable indicators of the 
Company’s exposure to risk, segmented into five core categories, summarised below. During 2020, regular consideration was given to the impact COVID-19 had in each of the five categories of risk.

Principal risks
Financial performance

Risks and uncertainties

Impact

Mitigation

The Company’s investment activities 
expose it to a variety of financial risks 
that include credit, liquidity, interest 
rate, currency and valuation risk. Further 
details are disclosed in Note 5 to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

The main driver of the Company’s 
performance is the valuation of the 
underlying portfolio companies held by 
the Oakley Funds as well as its direct 
investments. The Risk Committee 
monitors the movements in the valuations 
of the underlying portfolio on a quarterly 
basis and challenges movements which 
differ from expectations. Material 
changes in valuations have a significant 
impact on performance. 

During the year, the Board regularly considered the impact of COVID-19 on valuations. Specifically, this included 
monitoring the impact on operating and financial performance of portfolio companies. This was achieved through 
regular update calls, materials and discussions with the Investment Adviser.

The credit risk of lending to the Oakley Funds or direct debt investments in portfolio companies is considered on a 
case-by-case and aggregate basis by the Board and Risk Committee. Direct credit investments were substantially 
reduced during 2020, as part of a continued strategy towards a clear focus on Fund investments. 

The Company holds investments in portfolio companies located outside the UK, notably Western Europe, which are 
valued in non-GBP currencies. The Company may hedge the foreign exchange exposure to any non-GBP investments 
as deemed appropriate by the Board from time to time. The Risk Committee considers potential hedging strategies  
for recommendation to the Board, and has to date recommended not to hedge any currency risk aside from keeping  
a nominal amount of cash holding in GBP for servicing ~three years’ operating expenses.

Company performance

Risks and uncertainties

Impact

Mitigation

The Risk Committee monitors and 
manages a Board-set appetite on 
Company performance with a clear 
focus on stakeholder interests as 
measured by share price. Shareholder 
return, NAV return, share price discount 
to NAV and dividend yield are all actively 
monitored and actions recommended 
for Board approval as deemed 
appropriate.

The Company considers the most 
impactful drivers of its performance 
to be the pipeline of Fund investments 
available for investment, relative to 
liquid cash positions, and underlying 
portfolio Company performance in the 
Fund investments.

Reputational risk, sustainability 
considerations and dividend policy 
are also factored into performance 
management.

Consistent with guidelines and tolerances set by the Board, the Committee considers potential corrective action within 
its control, in the event of tolerances being exceeded. 

The availability of investment pipeline, i.e. future Oakley Fund investment opportunities, are considered in tandem with 
the opportunity cost of potential cash drag relative to liquidity risk. Dividend policy and share buy-back programmes 
are also considered in tandem with liquidity risk. 

The Committee specifically introduced dedicated monitoring of ESG risks during 2020.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsPRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES CONTINUED

67

Operational risk 

Risks and uncertainties

(i) Outsourcing 
The Company relies heavily upon the 
services provided by contracted third-party 
advisers. The valuation of the underlying 
portfolio companies, cyber security, 
data management, accounting records 
and maintenance of regulatory and legal 
requirements, depend on the effective 
operation of key service providers.

(ii) Governance 
The effective operation of the Board, 
including its composition and skills 
mix, is key to the continued success of 
the Company and is monitored by the 
Risk Committee and overseen by the 
Nomination Committee of the Board.

Regulatory risk 

Risks and uncertainties

Impact

Mitigation

(i) Outsourcing 
Significant disruption of service 
providers could have adverse impacts 
on timing and quality of financial 
reporting and safeguarding of assets.

(i) Outsourcing 
Through the Management Engagement Committee, regular reviews of the performance of service providers (including 
the Administrative Agent and Investment Adviser) are conducted. The performance assessment considers cost, 
efficiency, internal controls, performance, key person risk and compliance with the terms of arrangements. The results 
of these reviews are shared with the Board and monitored by the Risk Committee as part of the appetite.

COVID-19 had limited impact on operational risk. All service providers were able to quickly and effectively move  
to remote working without disruption to operations.

(ii) Governance 
Strong governance is recognised 
as a key performance measure and 
is embedded in all activities of the 
Company. Good governance has a 
positive impact on performance.

(ii) Governance 
The Company has a clear commitment to governance with tone set by the Board. The Nomination Committee is responsible 
for selection of Directors and evaluation of the Board and individual Directors annually. The Company implements strict 
policies to track, monitor and mitigate conflicts of interest on both an individual and transactional basis.

The Risk Committee maintains a register of potential conflicts of interest for appropriate mitigation in the event  
of perceived conflicts, and ensures appropriate implementation of necessary protocol when decisions are taken.

Impact

Mitigation

Changes in legislation, regulation and/
or government policy could significantly 
impact the Company’s performance.

Cost and resourcing implications of new 
and/or changing regulation can result in 
material impacts to the Company. 

The Governance, Regulatory and Compliance Committee tracks and reports on emerging regulatory, tax and legal 
developments potentially impacting the Company. These are monitored within the Company’s risk framework. The 
Committee receives regular reporting and input from the Company’s legal counsel (both UK and Bermuda), financial 
adviser, and internal compliance team.

Compliance failures can further result in 
penalties, censure or reputational damage.

Liquidity risk 

Risks and uncertainties

Impact

Mitigation

As the Company invests in illiquid 
private equity closed-ended funds 
and direct private debt and equity 
investments, forecasting cash flows is 
a key component in managing liquidity 
risk. These cash flow forecasts include 
significant estimates as to timing and 
quantum of cash inflows and outflows. 

The ability to meet ongoing operational 
liquidity needs and capital calls related 
to Fund commitments is of the highest 
priority for the Company. The level 
of new Fund commitment is driven 
off longer-term future Fund cash flow 
projections, which are considered within 
a range of probabilities.

To manage this uncertainty, the Company maintains a level of liquidity to enable it, based on these estimates, to meet its 
capital commitments to the Oakley Funds as well as being able to participate in any other potential investments made by 
Oakley throughout the investment and realisation cycle. Cash flow models are reviewed at least quarterly to manage cash 
throughout the investment cycle. This enables the Company to fulfil its commitments as they fall due, manage longer-term 
commitments and actively manage liquid cash resources.

The Risk Committee actively monitors future cash flow forecasts with a focus on understanding key assumptions and 
estimates, and maintenance of liquidity within established risk tolerances.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOMINATION COMMITTEE REPORT

68

The Board is 
supported by 
the Nomination 
Committee, which 
comprises three 
Non-Executive 
Directors. 
Caroline Foulger 
is the Chair of the 
Committee, with 
Richard Lightowler 
and Fiona Beck 
also serving.

Objectives for 2021
•  Continuing to oversee appointments and reappointments  

to the Board of Directors; and

•  Continuing to assess and oversee Board effectiveness.

Achievements in 2020
•  Appointed one new Bermuda-based Non-Executive Director to 
join the Board, strengthening the balance of skills and providing 
further succession planning options;

•  Enhanced the Board Effectiveness Review process; and

•  Continued effective Board management.

The purpose of the Committee is to provide 
effective operation of the Board and to oversee 
appointments and reappointments to the Board.

The Committee oversees the process of 
nomination and appointment of new Directors. 
In summary, the process includes, but is not 
limited to:

•  reviewing the succession plans and needs 
for the Chair of the Board and Directors;

•  seeking the best available candidates 

considering specific criteria determined 
by the Board;

•  agreeing a short-list of candidates, 

considering the views of the Company’s 
professional advisers; and

•  conducting interviews both individually 
and inclusive of the Board as a whole.

Members of the Committee vote on the election 
of new candidates, following which appointment 
is recommended to the full Board. The Board 
considers diversity when making a new 
appointment and seeks to get a unanimous vote 
on the appointment of the proposed candidate.

As at 8 March 2021, the Nomination Committee 
comprised Caroline Foulger (Chair), Fiona Beck 
and Richard Lightowler. Caroline, as Chair of the 
Board, cannot vote on her own appointment. The 
Company does not have a formal policy of tenure 
in place but assesses each Director’s role on 
an individual basis based on their performance. 
In its review of the effectiveness of the Board, 

Number of meetings attended / eligible to attend:

the Committee monitors Board and Committee 
meeting attendance. See the Governance, 
Regulatory and Compliance Committee Report 
for details of the Diversity and Inclusion policy. 

During 2020, Laurence Blackall retired and 
Craig Bodenstab resigned from the Board in May 
and June respectively. Fiona Beck was appointed 
as an independent Non-Executive Director 
in September.

On behalf of the Board.

Caroline Foulger

Chair of the Nomination Committee

Director

Caroline Foulger

Craig Bodenstab (resigned June 2020)

Laurence Blackall (retired May 2020)

Stewart Porter

Fiona Beck (appointed September 2020)

Peter Dubens (or David Till as alternate)

Richard Lightowler (appointed in December 2019)

Board
Meetings

Audit 
Committee

Risk 
Committee

Management 
Engagement 
Committee

Governance, 
Regulatory and 
Compliance Committee

Nomination
Committee

Remuneration
Committee

10/10

6/6

4/4

10/10

2/2

10/10

10/10

3/3

1/1

1/1

3/3

1/1

3/3

3/3

4/4

2/2

1/1

4/4

1/1

4/4

4/4

2/2

1/1

0/0

2/2

1/1

2/2

2/2

4/4

2/2

1/1

4/4

1/1

4/4

4/4

1/1

0/0

0/0

1/1

0/0

1/1

1/1

3/3

2/2

1/1

3/3

1/1

3/3

3/3

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsMANAGEMENT ENGAGEMENT COMMITTEE REPORT

69

The Board is 
supported by 
the Management 
Engagement 
Committee, which 
comprises two 
Non-Executive 
Directors. Caroline 
Foulger chairs the 
Committee, and 
Richard Lightowler 
also serves on the 
Committee.

Objectives for 2021
•  Continuing to monitor the remuneration, performance and 

compliance with respective agreements of key service providers.

•  Continued enhancement of ongoing monitoring and reporting 
of key service provider control environment and performance.

Achievements in 2020
•  Assessment of the remuneration, contractual arrangements and 
performance of the Administrative Agent, Investment Adviser, 
Broker and Financial Adviser.

•  Review of all fees and expenses related to key material  

service providers.

•  Renegotiated direct investment performance and operational 

service fees.

We are pleased to report on the matters which 
the Management Engagement Committee 
has considered.

Investment Adviser and 
Administrative Agent

The purpose of the Committee is to review on 
a regular basis the appointment, remuneration 
and performance of the key service providers 
to the Company, with a key focus on the 
Investment Adviser and Administrative Agent. 

The Committee is focused on quality and value in 
the services obtained, and monitors this by means 
of oversight of performance, assessments of 
internal controls and exception reporting.

The Chair of the Management Engagement 
Committee is appointed by the Board of Directors.

The Management Engagement Committee 
met three times during the year. The 
Committee formally reports to the Board on 
its proceedings on all matters within its duties 
and responsibilities. Attendance is summarised 
as part of the report by the Nomination 
Committee of the Board.

The Management Engagement Committee 
reviewed the performance and compliance with 
agreements of both the Administrative Agent and 
Investment Adviser in 2020.

Factors addressed by the Committee during 
the year include:

•  Marketing and investor relations 

performance – ongoing oversight of investor 
relations. Noting enhanced shareholder 
engagement during the year despite limited 
ability to engage in person.

•  Remuneration: The Company renegotiated 
management and performance fees on 
direct investments to better align with 
market practice (see Directors’ Report for 
further detail).

•  Compliance with contractual arrangements 
and duties, including an assessment of the 
internal control environment.

•  ESG and diversity considerations were 

flagged to service providers as high priorities 
of the Board in its review.

It is the opinion of the Directors that the 
continuing appointment of the Administrative 
Agent and the Investment Adviser on the terms 
agreed is in the interests of its shareholders as 
a whole. Through the work of the Management 
Engagement Committee of the Board, the 
proven strong performance delivery from these 
service providers was noted, with no material 
deficiencies in delivery against agreed terms.

Other key service providers
In most instances, relationships with key 
third-party service providers are managed 
by employees of the Investment Adviser and 
Administrative Agent on behalf of the Company. 
The Broker and Financial Adviser were specifically 
assessed by the Committee during 2020.

Both the Committee and Board reviewed vendor- 
specific expenses during the year, and regularly 
had discussions regarding the performance of 
providers of legal, financial advisory, brokerage, 
communications and administration services.

On behalf of the Board.

Caroline Foulger

Chair of the Management  
Engagement Committee

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsGOVERNANCE, REGULATORY  
AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE REPORT

70

The Board is 
supported by 
the Governance, 
Regulatory and 
Compliance 
Committee, which 
comprises two Non-
Executive Directors.  
During 2020, 
Stewart Porter 
chaired the 
Committee. From 
November 2020, 
Fiona Beck is 
the Chair of the 
Committee with 
Stewart Porter 
remaining on 
the Committee.

Objectives for 2021
•  Continuing to develop and oversee the framework for  

Achievements in 2020
•  Conducted bespoke training for Directors on relevant laws  

Board training.

and regulations.

•  Continued regular updates on regulatory and compliance matters.

•  Detailed monitoring of ongoing obligations and  

•  Ensuring the Board remains fully informed of upcoming changes 

Director responsibilities.

in regulation, governance and compliance requirements.

•  Solidified OCI’s compliance with the new Bermuda Economic 

Substance Act.

The Board is pleased to report on the range  
of matters which the Governance, Regulatory 
and Compliance Committee has considered 
during 2020.

The purpose of the Committee is to assist 
the Board to fulfil its corporate governance 
and oversight responsibilities in relation to the 
relevant codes, laws, regulations and policies 
impacting the Company.

Key responsibilities include:

•  Evaluate and monitor the Company’s 

compliance with relevant codes, laws, 
regulations and external policies.

•  Monitor new governance, legal, regulatory 
and compliance standards and ensure that 
plans are put in place and implemented to 
ensure the Company’s readiness.

•  Oversee the framework for Board training.

The Chair of the Governance, Regulatory and 
Compliance Committee is appointed by the 
Board of Directors. 

The Governance, Regulatory and Compliance 
Committee met four times during the year. The 
Committee formally reports to the Board on all 
matters within its delegated responsibilities. 

Attendance is encouraged for all Board 
members, as it serves as a forum for regulatory 
awareness and training. Director attendance 
is summarised as part of the report by the 
Nomination Committee of the Board.

Governance
The Committee considered the 42 provisions 
and 18 principles of the AIC Code of Corporate 
Governance, as updated in February 2019.

Compliance with and exceptions to the AIC 
Code were reported to the Board, and are 
presented in summary as part of the Corporate 
Governance Statement of this report.

Diversity and inclusion
The Company recognises the benefits that 
diversity can bring to its Board, and places 
great importance on ensuring that Board 
membership reflects this. The Board believes that 
a wide range of experience, age, background, 
perspectives, skills and knowledge allows 
Directors to share varying perspectives and 
insights, helping to create an environment of 
effective decision-making. 

Additionally, the Board recognises the 
importance of leading by example on and 
encouraging Board diversity as it relates not 
only to Oakley, but also to the composition 
of Oakley portfolio company boards and 
leadership teams.

Regulatory and compliance
2020 saw the first reporting cycle of new 
Economic Substance regulations in Bermuda, 
with the Company compliant. In addition, the 
Administrative Agent, Oakley Capital Manager 
Limited, underwent a supervisory review as 
a regulated Investment Business in Bermuda 
under the Bermuda Monetary Authority. This 
serves as testament to the effectiveness of 
additional levels of oversight and robustness 
in the compliance control environment of the 
Company’s key service providers.

Compliance with relevant London Stock 
Exchange and Bermuda law continuing 
obligations is monitored on an ongoing basis.

On behalf of the Board.

Fiona Beck

The Board supports the Investment Adviser’s 
endeavours in relation to diversity and inclusion.  

Chair of the Governance, Regulatory  
and Compliance Committee

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsREMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT

71

The Board is 
supported by 
the Remuneration 
Committee, which 
comprises three 
Non-Executive 
Directors. Craig 
Bodenstab served 
as Committee Chair 
until his resignation 
in June 2020. 
Caroline Foulger 
is the Chair of the 
Committee, with 
Fiona Beck and 
Richard Lightowler 
also serving on 
the Committee.

Objectives for 2021
•  Continuing to assess and determine Directors’ remuneration, 

Achievements in 2020
•  External remuneration consultant review, benchmarking  

ensuring no single Director determines their own remuneration.

and revision of Directors’ fees.

As the Company has no direct employees, 
the purpose of the Committee is to determine 
or (as applicable) make recommendations 
regarding the remuneration of Directors of the 
Company, whilst ensuring no single Director 
determines their own remuneration.

The Committee commissioned an independent 
external remuneration consultant, early in 2020, 
in order to assess, benchmark and recommend 
appropriate levels of Director remuneration. 
The consultant, Trust Associates Limited, 
has no connection with the Company or 
individual Directors.

The active nature of the Board, and the way the 
Board works collectively sharing responsibility, 
particular challenges of attracting high-calibre 
Bermuda-based Directors, long-term continuity 
in Board membership and the absence of 
additional Committee Chair 
fees were all considered as part of the 
remuneration assessment.

Based upon the recommendations and 
feedback from the consultant, Director 
remuneration was increased from £50,000 
to £90,000 per annum for Non-Executive 
Directors and from £65,000 to £100,000  
per annum for the Chair, applicable to 2020 
and 2021. Peter Dubens continues to serve 
without a fee.

The Chair of the Remuneration Committee is 
appointed by the Board of Directors and in the 
current scenario where Caroline Foulger chairs 
the Committee, she explicitly does not vote on 
or determine her own remuneration. 

On behalf of the Board.

Caroline Foulger

Chair of the Remuneration Committee

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS‘ REMUNERATION REPORT

72

Directors are 
remunerated in the 
form of fixed fees.

Directors’ interests in shares  
of the Company
The Board has put in place a policy whereby 
each Director is required to buy and hold 
sufficient publicly-traded stock in the 
Company to represent a minimum of one year’s 
remuneration. Any newly appointed Director 
is required to purchase stock to that level 
within a reasonable amount of time (less than 
three years) from the date of appointment. All 
Directors are in compliance with the policy. As 
at 8 March 2021, Directors who are beneficial 
owners of shares in the Company are:

Director

8 March 
2021

19 March 
2020

Caroline Foulger

122,000

122,000

Peter Dubens

18,083,631

17,595,827

Stewart Porter

45,216

Richard Lightowler

130,000

Fiona Beck

22,000

0

0

0

Save as disclosed above, none of the Directors 
nor any member of their respective immediate 
families has any interest whether beneficial 
or non-beneficial in the share capital of 
the Company.

Remuneration report
The Non-Executive Directors who served  
in the period from 1 January 2020 to 
31 December 2020 received the fees detailed 
in the table below. Directors are remunerated 
in the form of fixed fees, payable twice 
annually in advance (typically in January and 
July of each year), to the Director personally. 
No fees are paid for attending meetings or 
chairing Board committees.

Director

2020 Fees 
(£)

2019 Fees 
(£)

Caroline Foulger

100,000

65,000

Peter Dubens1

0

0

Laurence Blackall2

27,500

50,000

Stewart Porter

90,000

50,000

Craig Bodenstab3

Richard Lightowler4 

Fiona Beck5

45,000

90,000

22,500

23,315

0

0

The table above details the Director’s fee  
paid to each Director of the Company for  
the years ended 31 December 2019 and  
31 December 2020.

There are no long-term incentive schemes 
provided by the Company and no performance 
fees are paid to Directors.

No Director has a service contract with the 
Company and each Director is appointed by 
a letter of appointment setting out the terms 
of their appointment. Directors are elected by 
shareholders at the AGM.

1 Peter Dubens serves without a fee.

2 Laurence Blackall retired in May 2020.

3 Craig Bodenstab resigned in June 2020.

4 Richard Lightowler was appointed in December 2019.

5 Fiona Beck was appointed in September 2020.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements73

ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT FUND MANAGERS‘ DIRECTIVE

The Company 
maintains an 
adequate level of 
liquidity to ensure it 
can meet its capital 
commitments.

Status and legal form
The Company is a self-managed non-
UK Alternative Investment Fund (‘AIF’). It 
is a closed-ended investment Company 
incorporated in Bermuda and its ordinary 
shares are traded on the Specialist Fund 
Segment (‘SFS’) of the London Stock 
Exchange’s Main Market. The Company’s 
registered office is 3rd Floor, Mintflower Place, 
8 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton HM08, Bermuda.

Investment policy
For details of the investment policy refer  
to page 54.

Liquidity management
As the Company is a self-managed non-UK 
AIF, it is not required to comply with Chapter 
3.6 of the Investment Funds sourcebook of the 
Financial Conduct Authority (FUND) in relation 
to liquidity management.

The Company maintains an adequate level of 
liquidity to ensure that it can meet its capital 
commitments to the Oakley Funds throughout 
the investment-realisation cycle. Cash flow 
modelling is performed regularly to enable the 
Company to manage its liquid resources and 
to ensure it has the ability to pay commitments 
as they fall due, whilst also endeavouring to 
manage any surplus cash.

Fees, charges and expenses
For details of the fees payable by the 
Company, refer to Note 15 of the Notes  
to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fair treatment of shareholders  
and preferential treatment
The Company will treat all of the Company’s 
investors fairly and will not allow any investor 
to obtain preferential treatment, unless such 
treatment is appropriately disclosed. No 
investor currently obtains preferential treatment 
or the right to obtain preferential treatment.

Remuneration disclosure
The total amount of remuneration paid by 
the Company to its Directors during the year 
ended 31 December 2020 was £375,000. 
This comprised solely of fixed remuneration; 
no variable remuneration was paid. Fixed 
remuneration was composed of agreed fixed 
fees. There were six beneficiaries of this 
remuneration, including two Directors who 
retired/resigned from the Board during 2020.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
74

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Investors wishing 
to purchase or 
sell shares in the 
Company may 
do so through 
a stockbroker, 
financial adviser, 
bank or share-
dealing platforms.

Financial calendar
The announcement and publication of the 
Company’s results is expected in the months 
shown below:

January

March

April

July

Trading update for the  
year announced

Final results for the year announced, 
Annual Report published

Payment of final dividend

Interim trading update announced

September

Interim results announced, 
Interim Report published

October

Payment of interim dividend

Dividend 
The final dividend proposed in respect of the 
year ended 31 December 2020 is 2.25 pence 
per share.

Ex-dividend date (date from 
which shares are transferred 
without dividend)

Record date (last date for 
registering transfers to  
receive the dividend)

25 March 2021

26 March 2021

Dividend payment date

15 April 2021

Share dealing 
Investors wishing to purchase or sell  
shares in the Company may do so through  
a stockbroker, financial adviser, bank or 
share-dealing platforms.

To purchase this investment, you must have 
read the Key Information Document (‘KID’) 
before the trade can be executed. This is 
available on the Company’s website at: https://
oakleycapitalinvestments.com/wp-content/
uploads/2020/12/2020-OCI-KID-Document.pdf 

If you are proposing to use Computershare 
Investor Services PLC to purchase shares, 
please contact them directly and they will 
provide you with the KID either by email 
or post.

You can contact them on +44 370 703 0084. 

Important information
Past performance is not a reliable indicator 
of future results. The value of OCI shares can 
fall as well as rise and you may get back less 
than you invested when you decide to sell 
your shares.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsWHY INVEST IN LISTED PRIVATE EQUITY?

75

Private equity 
investment isn’t 
solely about high-
quality private 
companies 
benefiting from 
access to capital, 
but also accessing 
a private equity 
manager’s sector 
and operational 
experts.

Private equity targets investments in privately 
owned businesses across all sectors, from 
recognisable household names to companies 
with significant growth potential. It then 
seeks to help these companies maximise 
their value during the holding period. While 
private equity funds are not accessible to most 
private investors, one attractive alternative is 
buying shares in listed investment companies 
that provide access to these funds and the 
performance of the private companies they back. 

A bigger pond and superior 
performance
The number of public companies in North 
America and Europe is decreasing by just 
over 2% per annum, reflecting a simultaneous 
decline in IPOs and an increase in delistings 
and take-private transactions. In contrast, 
private equity continues to grow in scale and 
sophistication, with the industry reaching 
$4.5 trillion in global assets under management 
at the end of the first half of 2020.1 This has 
resulted in the number of private equity-backed 
companies increasing by over 8% per annum, a 
trend that looks set to continue as businesses 
favour access to abundant levels of capital and 
expertise to drive long-term growth, without the 
distractions of public ownership.2

Global private equity has achieved consistently 
strong returns throughout the past decade 
and has continued to outperform during the 
COVID-19 pandemic, as the asset class’s 
long-term investment horizon is well placed 
to weather short-term disruption. The sector 
benefits from portfolio diversity and reduced 
volatility through exposure to a range of fast-
growing companies, often in sectors that are 
harder to access through public markets. As a 
result, the global private equity benchmark has 
consistently outperformed the FTSE all-share 
index during the past ten years, with both 
revenue and profit growth consistently superior 
to listed companies globally. 

Democratising access to private 
equity returns
Due to the investment ticket size and the 
conventional ten-year term of commitment 
required, typical private equity fund investors 
are large institutions such as pension funds, 
insurance companies or sovereign wealth 
funds. For most retail investors, private equity 
funds are unattainable.

Listed private equity offers a solution to these 
barriers. Private equity investment trusts are 
publicly listed companies that commit capital 
to private equity funds. Investors can buy 
and sell shares as with any public company, 
reducing the minimum level of investment 
required to the price of one share. This 
increases liquidity for the fund, whilst allowing 
retail investors to benefit from superior returns. 

A hands-on approach
Private equity investment isn’t solely about 
access to capital. It also allows high-quality 
private companies to benefit from private 
equity managers’ operational professionals, 
who bring deep sector expertise and engage 
with companies on a daily basis. They may 
hold seats on boards, enabling them to embed 
deeply within organisations and directly oversee 
the enhancement of a company’s value. 

Management fees reflect the value of this 
active approach, meaning that they are 
typically higher than those of a public equity 
fund. However, the benefits of an engaged, 
experienced manager are manifested in the 
Fund’s returns. When selecting a manager, 
therefore, it is important to choose one that 
has a strong track record.

Oakley Capital Investments has been listed 
since 2007 and provides access to Oakley 
Capital’s proven record of sourcing high-
quality, diversified investments; supporting 
their growth through active management; 
and selling them at attractive multiples. The 
companies Oakley backs, typically enjoy 
a set of key characteristics: market leader 
in their chosen niche; stable, recurring 
revenue streams; diversified customer bases; 
opportunities to expand service proposition; 
and scope for mergers and acquisitions. The 
result for shareholders is access to a globally 
diversified, carefully selected portfolio which 
provides market-leading returns.  

1 Source: Prequin.

2 Source: Pitchbook.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements76

Consolidated 
Financial 
Statements  

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements77

78  Independent Auditor’s Report

83   Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

84  Consolidated balance sheet

85   Consolidated statement of changes in equity

86   Consolidated statement of cash flows

87   Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

115 Directors and advisers 

116  Glossary

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsINDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

78

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Oakley Capital Investments Limited

Opinion
We have audited the Consolidated Financial Statements of Oakley Capital Investments Limited and its subsidiary (the “Company”), which comprise  
the consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2020 and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash 
flows for the year then ended, and Notes, comprising significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

In our opinion, the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position  
of the Company as at 31 December 2020 and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended  
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). Our responsibilities under those standards are further 
described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
Company in accordance with International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants 
(including International Independence Standards) (IESBA Code) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the 
Consolidated Financial Statements in Bermuda and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements  
and the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements as a whole,  
and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsINDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT CONTINUED

79

The key audit matter

How the matter was addressed in our audit

Valuation of the Funds
As discussed in the Audit Committee report on page 63, the 
accounting policies on pages 89 to 92 and in Notes 6 and 8 to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 98 to 105, the 
Company holds investments in private equity partnerships (the 
“Funds”) at 31 December 2020 of £354.7 million, where quoted 
prices do not exist. The Funds are carried at their estimated fair 
values based upon the principles of the International Private 
Equity and Venture Capital Association (“IPEV”) valuation 
guidelines and IFRS 13.

The valuation of the Funds held in the Company’s investment 
portfolio is the key driver of its net asset value and total return 
to shareholders.

The Funds hold equity investments in unquoted portfolio 
companies. The valuations of these portfolio companies are 
complex and require the application of judgment by Oakley 
Capital Limited (the “Investment Adviser”).

The fair values of these portfolio companies are principally 
based upon the market approach, which estimates the 
enterprise value of the portfolio company using a comparable 
multiple of revenues or EBITDA, information from recent 
comparable transactions, or the underlying net asset value.

The risk
The significance of the Funds to the Company’s Consolidated 
Financial Statements, combined with the judgment required 
in estimating their fair values means this was an area of focus 
during our audit.

We obtained management’s schedule of investments comprising the fair value of the 
Company’s investments in the Funds and performed the following procedures: 

•  Compared the Company’s valuations to the audited financial statements of the Funds  

as at 31 December 2020;

• 

• 

Inspected the components of the Funds’ net assets to confirm the reported net asset values 
in the Funds’ audited financial statements were representative of fair value under IFRS;

Inspected the disclosures made about the Funds in the Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements for compliance with IFRS; and

•  Monitored any events that emerged in the post balance sheet period (up to the date of 
signing the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements) that would have a potential 
impact on the value of the Funds held at the year-end.

Through our involvement in the Funds’ audit engagements, we selected all unquoted equity 
investments held indirectly through the Company’s investments in the Funds and performed 
the following audit procedures: 

•  Obtained the Investment Adviser’s models for valuing the unquoted equity investments;

•  Obtained independent confirmations of the existence and accuracy of the unquoted 

equity investments;

•  Determined that the valuation specialists engaged by the Investment Adviser are qualified 

and independent of the Funds;

•  Challenged the Investment Adviser on the methodologies followed and key assumptions 
used in determining the valuations of the unquoted equity investments in the context of 
the IPEV valuation guidelines;

•  Obtained management information, including budgets and forecasts for revenues and 

EBITDA and actual net debt amounts at the balance sheet date, which are the key inputs 
used in the valuation models by the Investment Adviser and compared this information  
to that used in the models;

• 

Independently sourced multiples for comparable companies used by the Investment 
Adviser, considered whether those companies are comparable to the investee and 
compared them to the multiples used in the valuations;

•  Recalculated the mathematical accuracy of the valuation models; and

•  Monitored any events that emerged in the post balance sheet period (up to the date of 

signing each Fund’s financial statements) that would have a potential impact on the value 
of the unquoted equity investments held at the year-end.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsINDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT CONTINUED

80

The key audit matter

How the matter was addressed in our audit

Valuation of the unquoted debt securities
In addition to investments in the Funds, the Company holds 
investments in unquoted debt securities at 31 December 2020  
of £126.5 million.

The valuation of the unquoted debt securities are derived 
from a discounted cash flow calculation based on expected 
future cash flows to be received, discounted at an appropriate 
rate. Expected future cash flows include interest received and 
principal repayment at maturity.

The risk
The unquoted debt securities were an area of audit focus  
on the basis that:

•  The securities are of material significance to the Company’s 

Consolidated Financial Statements;

•  Judgement is required by the Investment Adviser in selection 

of an appropriate, risk- adjusted discount rate; and

•  Judgement is also required in determining the timing and 
amounts of prospective cash flows of the debt securities.

We engaged KPMG valuation specialists to assist in testing the valuation of the unquoted 
debt securities. In coordination with our valuation specialists, we selected all unquoted debt 
securities held by the Company at year end and performed the following audit procedures:

• 

Inspected loan agreements to support the existence and accuracy of the debt securities;

•  Obtained the Investment Adviser’s models for valuing the debt securities at year end  

and checked their mathematical accuracy;

•  Performed a sensitivity analysis over the discount rates being applied to the expected 

cash flows in the fair value calculations provided to us by management;

•  Assessed the reasonableness of the assumptions made by the Investment Adviser 

regarding the timing and amounts of prospective cash flows; and

•  Monitored any events that emerged in the post balance sheet period (up to the date  

of signing the Consolidated Financial Statements) that would have had a potential impact  
on the value of the unquoted debt investments held at the year end.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsINDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT CONTINUED

81

Other information in the Annual Report
Management is responsible for the other information contained in the Annual Report. The other information comprises the Overview, Strategic 
Report and Governance sections.

Our opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance 
conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the Consolidated Financial Statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit,  
or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that 
fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with IFRS, and for 
such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements that are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a going 
concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either 
intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Consolidated Financial Statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of 
assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected  
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the Consolidated Financial Statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and  
perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve 
collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances,  

but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsINDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT CONTINUED

82

•  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made  

by management.

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether 
a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 
If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the Consolidated 
Financial Statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the 
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.

•  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the Consolidated Financial Statements, including the disclosures, and whether the 

Consolidated Financial Statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

•  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities of the Funds to express  
an opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit.  
We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant 
audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding 
independence, and communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence,  
and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the 
Consolidated Financial Statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report 
unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should  
not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest 
benefits of such communication.

The purpose of our audit work and to whom we owe our responsibilities
This report is made solely to the Company’s Shareholders and Board of Directors. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to 
the Company’s Shareholders and Board of Directors those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Shareholders and Board of Directors,  
as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinion we have formed.

The Engagement Partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is James Berry.

Chartered Professional Accountants
Hamilton, Bermuda
10 March 2021

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the year ended 31 December 2020

Income

Interest income

Net realised gains on investments at fair value through profit and loss

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments at fair value through profit and loss

Net foreign currency gains/(losses)

Other income

Total income

Expenses

Profit attributable to equity shareholders/total comprehensive income

Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share

The Notes on pages 87 to 114 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. 

83

Notes

13

6, 7

6, 7

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

10,466

208,536

9,218

17,840

(133,086)

127,741

13,700

390

(2,715)

1,073

100,006

153,157

14

(7,620)

(17,888)

92,386

135,269

18

£0.48

£0.66

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

As at 31 December 2020

Assets

Non-current assets

Investments

Current assets

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Total liabilities

Net assets attributable to shareholders

Equity 

Share capital 

Share premium

Retained earnings

Total shareholders’ equity

Net asset per ordinary share

Basic and diluted net assets per share

Ordinary shares in issue at 31 December 2020 (‘000)

84

Notes

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

6, 8

11

10

12

20

20

19

20

505,124

505,124

660,966

660,966

33

223,090

223,123

728,247

40

48,866

48,906

709,872

297

297

23,864

23,864

727,950

686,008

1,806

188,144

538,000

727,950

1,986

229,728

454,294

686,008

£4.03

£3.45

180,600

198,600

The Notes on pages 87 to 114 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Consolidated Financial Statements of Oakley Capital Investments Limited (registration number: 40324) on pages 87 to 114 were approved by the Board 
of Directors and authorised for issue on 10 March 2021 and were signed on their behalf by:

Caroline Foulger  

Richard Lightowler

Director  

Director 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Balance at 1 January 2019

Profit for the year/total comprehensive income

Ordinary shares repurchased and cancelled

Dividends 

Total transactions with equity shareholders

Balance at 31 December 2019

Profit for the year/total comprehensive income

Ordinary shares repurchased and cancelled

Dividends 

Total transactions with equity shareholders

Balance at 31 December 2020

The Notes on pages 87 to 114 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

85

Share
capital
£’000

2,048

–

(62)

–

(62)

Share 
premium
£’000

244,533

–

(14,805)

–

(14,805)

Retained 
earnings
£’000

328,241

135,269

–

(9,216)

(9,216)

Total 
shareholders’
equity
£’000

574,822

135,269

(14,867)

(9,216)

(24,083)

1,986

229,728

454,294

686,008

–

–

92,386

(180)

(41,584)

–

(8,680)

(8,680)

92,386

(41,764)

(8,680)

(50,444)

–

(180)

1,806

–

(41,584)

188,144

538,000

727,950

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsCONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CASH FLOWS

For the year ended 31 December 2020

Cash flows from operating activities

Purchases of investments

Sales of investments

Interest income received

Expenses paid

Other income received

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Purchase of ordinary shares

Dividends paid

Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

The Notes on pages 87 to 114 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

86

Notes

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

 (95,983)

 (127,265)

 332,595 

 90,005 

 5,146 

 (21,050)

 390 

 842 

 (7,009)

 1,073 

 221,098 

 (42,354)

20

21

 (51,894)

 (8,680)

 (4,737)

 (9,216)

 (60,574)

 (13,953)

 160,524 

 (56,307)

 48,866 

 107,888 

 13,700 

 (2,715)

10

 223,090 

 48,866 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the year ended 31 December 2020

87

1. Reporting entity
Oakley Capital Investments Limited (the ‘Company’) is a closed-ended investment company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda on 28 June 2007. 

The Company invests in the following private equity funds structures (the ‘Funds’): 

Fund Group name

Country of establishment

Limited partnerships included

Fund I

Fund II

Bermuda

Bermuda

Oakley Capital Private Equity L.P.1

OCPE II Master L.P.

Oakley Capital Private Equity II-A L.P.1

Oakley Capital Private Equity II-B L.P.

Oakley Capital Private Equity II-C L.P.

Fund III

Bermuda

OCPE III Master L.P.

Fund IV

Luxembourg

Oakley Capital IV Master SCSp

Oakley Capital Private Equity III-A L.P.1

Oakley Capital Private Equity III-B L.P.

Oakley Capital Private Equity III-C L.P.

Origin Fund

Luxembourg

Oakley Capital Origin Master SCSp

Oakley Capital Private Equity IV-A SCSp1

Oakley Capital Private Equity IV-B SCSp

Oakley Capital Private Equity IV-C SCSp

Oakley Capital Private Equity Origin A SCSp1

Oakley Capital Private Equity Origin B SCSp

Oakley Capital Private Equity Origin C SCSp

OCPE Education

Bermuda

OCPE Education L.P.

OCPE Education (Feeder) L.P.1

1 Denotes the limited partnership in which the Company has made a direct investment.

The defined term “Company” shall, where the context requires for the purposes of consolidation, include the Company’s sole and wholly owned 
subsidiary, OCI Financing (Bermuda) Limited (‘OCI Financing’). OCI Financing provides financing to NSG Apparel BV, an entity that forms part  
of the North Sails Group in which Fund II invests.

The Company is listed on the Specialist Fund Segment (‘SFS’) of the London Stock Exchange (‘LSE’), with the ticker symbol “OCI”.

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2. Basis of preparation
The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared on a going concern basis and under the historical cost convention, 
except for financial instruments at fair value through profit and loss, which are measured at fair value. During 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 and 
related global responses have caused material disruptions to economies around the world. Global markets have experienced significant volatility  
and divergence in performance across business sectors. The full impact of COVID-19 on economies and businesses remains uncertain. 

The Board of Directors have assessed going concern and in doing so have considered a wide range of information relating to the present and future 
conditions and varying scenarios for the emergence from COVID-19. This assessment includes updates from Oakley Capital Limited (the ‘Investment 
Adviser’) on the impacts of COVID-19 on the portfolio companies of the Funds as well as the impact on investment and sale expectations for each of 
the Funds, cash flow projections and the longer-term strategy of the Company. 

As part of the assessment, the Board of Directors:

•  Assessed liquidity, solvency and capital management. The Company considered liquidity risk as the risk that the Company may encounter difficulty 
in meeting obligations arising from its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset, or that such obligations would 
have to be settled in a manner disadvantageous to the Company. Unfunded commitments to the Funds are irrevocable and can exceed cash and cash 
equivalents available to the Company. Based on current cash flow projections and barring unforeseen events, the Company expects to be able to 
meet its obligations as they fall due.

•  As at 31 December 2020, cash and cash equivalents of the Company amounted to £223,090,000. The Company has total unfunded capital and 

unquoted debt security commitments of £517,478,901 relating to the Funds which are expected to be called over the next four to five years. Under the 
Company’s bye-laws, the Company is permitted to borrow up to 25% of total shareholders’ equity which would amount to approximately £181,987,500 
for the year ending 31 December 2020. As at 31 December 2020, the Company has had no need to secure any debt facilities. The Directors consider 
the Company to have sufficient resources and liquidity and can continue to operate for a period of at least 12 months.

•  Considered the estimates inherent to the valuations of the Funds and the unquoted debt securities. The Company’s approach to valuations was 

consistent with prior years, with the additional focus as at 31 December 2020 being the impact of COVID-19 on the Funds in which the Company 
invests. The Board of Directors held regular meetings with the Investment Adviser to consider how COVID-19 impacts were considered in the 
valuation process of the Funds. In addition, key assumptions and estimates relating to the valuation of the unquoted debt instruments were 
considered. This included assessment of counterparty risk, interest rates and future cash flow projections.

•  Assessed the operational resilience of the Company’s critical functions which includes monitoring the performance of the Company’s key  

service providers.

The Board of Directors considers it appropriate to prepare the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company on the going concern basis, 
having considered the impact of COVID-19 on its operations and those of the portfolio companies of the Funds.

2.1 Basis for compliance

The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(‘IFRS’).

2.2 Functional and presentation currency

The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in British Pounds (‘Pounds’), which is the Company’s functional currency.

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For the year ended 31 December 2020

89

3. Significant accounting policies
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements are set out below. These policies have 
been consistently applied to all periods presented, unless otherwise stated.

3.1 Changes in accounting policies and disclosures

(a) New and amended standards adopted by the Company
Several amendments and interpretations apply for the first time effective 1 January 2020 but do not have a material effect on the Company’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements and did not require retrospective adjustments. 

(b) New standards, amendments and interpretations that are not yet effective but might be relevant for the Company
A number of new standards are effective for annual periods beginning after 1 January 2020 and early application is admitted, however, the 
Company has not adopted early the new or amended standards in preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company is currently in the process of analysing the impact of these new standards, amendments to existing standards and annual improvements 
to IFRS in detail but these are not expected to have a material effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company.

3.2 Basis for consolidation

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. The Company controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its 
involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. While the Company may have a greater than 
50% ownership interest in a Fund, it is a limited partner and does not have the ability to affect the decisions of the Fund’s General Partner or the 
returns of the Funds. The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared using uniform accounting policies for like transactions and other 
events in similar circumstances.

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, after the elimination  
of all significant intercompany balances and transactions.

IFRS 10 exempts investment entities from consolidating controlled investees. The Company meets the definition of an investment entity,  
as the following conditions are met:

•  The Company provides investment management services.

•  The business purpose of the Company is to invest into private equity funds and to purchase, hold and dispose of investments directly in portfolio 

companies with the goal of achieving returns from capital appreciation and investment income.

•  The performance of these investments is measured and evaluated on a fair value basis.

•  The Company holds multiple investments.

The Company therefore measures its investments at fair value through profit and loss in accordance with the investment entity exemption.  
The Company does not consolidate any of its investments in the Funds. 

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90

3. Significant accounting policies continued
As at 31 December 2020 the Company’s Limited Partner ownership in the Funds are:

•  Fund I ownership of 70.4% (2019: 70.4%)

•  Fund II ownership of 36.2% (2019: 36.2%)

•  Fund III ownership of 40.7% (2019: 40.7%)

•  Fund IV ownership of 27.4% (2019: 28.6%)

•  Origin Fund ownership of 27.0% (2019: 0%)

•  OCPE Education ownership of nil (2019: 99.18%)

3.3 Investments

(a) Classification 
The Company classifies its investments based on both the Company’s business model for managing those financial assets and the contractual cash 
flow characteristics, if any, of the financial assets. The portfolio of financial assets is managed and performance is evaluated on a fair value basis. 
The Company is primarily focused on fair value information and uses that information to assess the assets’ performance and to make decisions.  
The Company has not taken the option to irrevocably designate any equity securities as fair value through other comprehensive income. 

The contractual cash flows of the Company’s debt securities are solely principal and interest, however, these securities are neither held for the 
purpose of collecting contractual cash flows nor held both for collecting contractual cash flows and for sale. The collection of contractual cash flows 
is only incidental to achieving the Company’s business model’s objective. Consequently, the Company classifies its investments in private equity 
funds, direct equity investments and loans as financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss at inception.

(b) Recognition and measurement
Financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss are recognised initially on the trade date which is the date on which the Company becomes 
a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss are recognised initially at fair value, 
with transaction costs recognised in profit or loss. 

Net gains and losses from financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss include all realised and unrealised fair value changes and foreign 
exchange differences and are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. 

Quoted investments are subsequently carried at fair value. Fair value is measured using the last reported sales price, where the last reported sales 
price falls within the bid-ask spread. In circumstances where the last reported sales price is not within the bid-ask spread, the Board of Directors,  
in consultation with the Investment Adviser, will determine the point within the bid-ask spread that is most representative of fair value. 

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For the year ended 31 December 2020

91

3. Significant accounting policies continued
Unquoted investments, including both equities and loans, are subsequently carried in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Fair value is 
determined in accordance with the Company’s investment valuation policy, which is compliant with the fair value guidelines under IFRS 13 and  
the International Private Equity and Venture Capital (‘IPEV’) Valuation Guidelines. 

(c) Derecognition 
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive  
the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred, or in 
which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial 
asset. Any interest on such transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Company is recognised as a separate asset or liability. 

On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the carrying amount of the asset (or the carrying amount allocated to the portion of the 
asset derecognised), and consideration received (including any new asset obtained less any new liability assumed) is recognised in profit or loss.

3.4 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include deposits held on call with banks and other short-term deposits. The Company considers all short-term deposits 
with an original maturity of 90 days or less as equivalent to cash.

3.5 Trade receivables

Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost, less any allowance for impairment, using the 
effective interest method.

3.6 Trade payables

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired or received in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. 
Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business 
if longer). If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method.

3.7 Interest income

Interest on unquoted debt securities held at fair value through profit and loss is accrued on a time-proportionate basis, by reference to the principal 
outstanding and the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that discounts estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the debt 
security to its net carrying amount on initial recognition. Interest income is recognised gross of withholding tax, if any. Interest income on unquoted 
debt securities is recognised as a separate line item in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and classified within operating 
activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

3.8 Expenses

Expenses are recognised on the accruals basis. Negative interest income is included in expenses in the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income and classified within operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

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For the year ended 31 December 2020

92

3. Significant accounting policies continued

3.9 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of the Company is Pounds. Transactions in currencies other than Pounds are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing 
on the dates of the transactions. 

At each reporting date, investments and other monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the 
rates prevailing on the reporting date. Capital drawdowns and proceeds of distributions from the Funds and foreign currencies and income and 
expense items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Pounds at the exchange rate on the respective dates of such transactions.

Foreign exchange gains and losses on other monetary assets and liabilities are recognised in net foreign currency gains and losses in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

The Company does not isolate unrealised or realised foreign exchange gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of investments. All such 
foreign exchange gains and losses are included with the net realised and unrealised gains or losses on investments in the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income.

3.10 Share capital

Ordinary shares issued by the Company are recognised based on the proceeds or fair value received or receivable, with the excess of the amount 
received over their nominal value being credited to the share premium account. Direct issue costs are deducted from equity. 

3.11 Earnings per share

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share data for its ordinary shares. Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit 
or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. 
Diluted earnings per share are determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares outstanding for the effects of all potentially dilutive ordinary shares.

4. Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements
The reported results of the Company are sensitive to the accounting policies, assumptions and estimates that underly the preparation of its 
Consolidated Financial Statements. IFRS require the Board of Directors, in preparing the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, to select 
suitable accounting policies, apply them consistently and make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent. The Company’s 
estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and the Board of Directors’ expectation of future events and are reviewed 
periodically. The actual outcome may be materially different from that anticipated. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period  
in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

The judgements, assumptions and estimates involved in the Company’s accounting policies that are considered by the Board of Directors to be the 
most important to the Company’s results and financial condition are the fair valuation of the investments and the assessment that the Company meets 
the definition of an investment entity.

(a) Fair valuation of investments

The fair values assigned to investments held at fair value through profit and loss are based upon available information at the time and do not 
necessarily represent amounts which might ultimately be realised. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, these estimated fair values may 
differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and those differences could be material.

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For the year ended 31 December 2020

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4. Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements continued
Investments held at fair value through profit and loss are valued by the Company in accordance with relevant IFRS requirements. Judgement is 
required in order to determine the appropriate valuation methodology under these standards. Subsequently, judgement is required in assessing 
the net asset value of the Funds and determining the inputs into the valuation models used for the unquoted debt securities. Inputs include making 
assessments of the estimated future cash flows and determining appropriate discount rates.

There remain many unknown factors over the short, medium, and long term including the impact of COVID-19 on the Company. In these circumstances, 
the valuation of the Company’s investments as at 31 December 2020 carried significantly more uncertainty than previously. The Investment Adviser has 
considered the impact of COVID-19 in determining inputs in the valuation models used for the valuations of each of the Funds. Additionally the impact  
of COVID-19 has been considered in the valuation of the unquoted debt securities.

(b) Assessment as an investment entity

Entities that meet the definition of an investment entity within IFRS 10 are required to account for investments in controlled entities, as well as 
investments in associates and joint ventures, at fair value through profit and loss.

The Board of Directors has concluded that the Company meets the definition of an investment entity as its strategic objective is to invest in the 
Funds on behalf of its investors for the purpose of generating returns in the form of investment income and capital appreciation. 

5. Financial risk management

5.1 Introduction and overview

The Board of Directors, the Company’s Risk Committee and Oakley Capital Limited (the ‘Investment Adviser’) attribute great importance to 
professional risk management, proper understanding and negotiation of appropriate terms and conditions and active monitoring, including a 
thorough analysis of reports and financial statements and ongoing review of investments made. The Company has investment guidelines that set 
out its overall business strategies, its tolerance for risk and its general risk management philosophy and has established processes to monitor and 
control the economic impact of these risks. The Investment Adviser provides the Board of Directors with recommendations as to the Company’s 
asset allocation and annual investment levels that are consistent with the Company’s objectives. The Risk Committee reviews and agrees policies  
for managing the risks.

The Company has exposures to the following risks from financial instruments: credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk (including interest rate risk, 
currency risk, and price risk). The Company’s overall risk management process focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to 
minimise potential adverse effects on the Company’s financial performance.

5.2 Credit risk

The Company is subject to credit risk on its unquoted investments and cash. The majority of the Company’s cash balances were held with Barclays 
and Butterfield Bank. Barclays are rated A1 and Butterfield Bank are rated at A3 by Moody’s (2019: Barclays A1 and HSBC A2). 

In accordance with the Company’s policy, the Investment Adviser monitors the Company’s exposure to credit risk on cash on a quarterly basis and the 
Risk Committee regularly reviews the Company’s exposure to credit risk. The credit quality of the investments in the Funds and debt securities, which 
are held at fair value and include debt and equity elements, are not rated. As at 31 December 2020, no debt securities held were overdue or impaired.

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94

5. Financial risk management continued

5.3 Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations arising from its financial liabilities that are settled  
by delivering cash or another financial asset, or that such obligations will have to be settled in a manner disadvantageous to the Company. The 
Company, with advice from the Investment Adviser, manages liquidity through reviews of detailed cash flow projections which estimate the timing 
and quantums of outflows, including capital calls, and inflows from disposals of portfolio companies which aim to avoid undue risk of illiquidity.

The unfunded commitments to the Funds are irrevocable and can exceed cash and cash equivalents available to the Company. Based on current 
cash flow projections and barring unforeseen events, the Company expects to be able to honour all capital calls by the Funds.

As of 31 December 2020 cash and cash equivalents of the Company amounted to £223,090,000 (2019: £48,866,356). The Company had  
total unfunded capital and loan commitments of £517,478,901 (2019: £462,781,291) relating to the Funds. The unfunded commitments of the 
Company are listed in Note 22. The Company can borrow up to 25% of total shareholders’ equity. As at 31 December 2020, the Company  
has no borrowings (2019: nil).

The majority of the investments held by the Company are in Funds which are unquoted and subject to specific restrictions on transferability and 
disposal. Consequently, the risk exists that the Company might not be able to readily dispose of its holdings at the time of its choosing and 
also that the price attained on a disposal may be below the amount at which such investments were included in the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheet.

The Company’s consolidated financial liabilities are all repayable within three months after the balance sheet date and are carried at fair value. 
Financial liabilities exclude outstanding capital commitments at the year end.

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95

5. Financial risk management continued

5.4 Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as equity prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates will affect the Company’s 
income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The Company’s sensitivity to these items is set out below.

The Company’s financial assets that are subject to currency and interest rate risk are analysed below (presented in Pounds and translated at the 
year-end foreign exchange rate):

Fixed and floating rate debt and cash

Non-interest-bearing Fund and equity investments

Total

Pound
£’000

201,566

23,940

225,506

2020

Euro
€’000

147,990

354,718

502,708

Total
£’000

349,556

378,658

728,214

Pound
£’000

151,692

38,510

190,202

2019

Euro
€’000

24,330

495,300

519,630

Total
£’000

176,022

533,810

709,832

a) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk arises principally from changes in interest receivable on cash and deposits and unquoted debt securities at fair value. 

The Company’s unquoted debt investments carry fixed rates of interest ranging from 5% to 12%. These loans are subject to interest rate risk  
as increases and decreases in interest rates will have an impact on their fair value. A 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in  
a decrease in the fair value of those loans of £1,155,534 and a corresponding decrease of 100 basis points in interest rates would result in an 
increase in their fair value by the same amount (2019: £2,860,355). 

The impact of an increase in interest rates of 100 basis points on cash and deposits, based on the closing consolidated balance sheet position over  
a 12-month period, would have been £2,053,734 on the profit and loss in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (2019: £839,176).  
A decrease in interest rates of 100 basis points on cash and deposits would have an equal and opposite effect. 

In addition, the Company has indirect exposure to interest rate fluctuations through changes to the financial performance and valuation in equity 
investments in the Funds as certain portfolio companies have issued debt. Short-term receivables and payables are excluded as, due to their short-term 
nature, the risks due to fluctuation in the prevailing levels of market interest rates associated with these instruments are not significant. 

b) Currency risk
The Company holds significant assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than its functional currency, which expose the Company to the 
risk that the exchange rates of those currencies against the Pound will change in a manner which adversely impacts the Company’s net profit and 
net assets attributable to shareholders. The following sensitivity analysis shows the sensitivity of the Company’s net assets to movements in foreign 
currency exchange rates assuming a 10% increase in exchange rates against the Pound. A 10% decrease in exchange rates against the Pound 
would have an equal and opposite effect. The sensitivity analysis below is representative of the year as a whole, since the level of exposure changes 
as the Company’s holdings change through the purchase and realisation of investments (presented in Pounds and translated at the year end foreign 
exchange rate).

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For the year ended 31 December 2020

5. Financial risk management continued

Assets:

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Impact on profit/(loss)

2020
£’000

35,472

14,799

50,271

50,271

96

2019
£’000

49,530

2,433

51,963

51,963

The Investment Adviser monitors the Company’s currency position on a regular basis and reports the impact of currency movements on the 
performance of the investment portfolio to the Risk Committee quarterly. In accordance with the Company’s investment policy, all direct investments  
in quoted equity securities and debt securities are denominated in Pounds, placing currency risk on the counterparty. The investments in the Funds  
are denominated in Euros.

c) Price risk – market fluctuations
The Company’s management of price risk, which arises primarily from quoted and unquoted equity instruments, is through the selection of financial 
assets within specified limits as advised by the Investment Adviser and approved by the Risk Committee.

For quoted equity securities, the market risk variable is deemed to be the market price itself. A 15% change in the price of those investments would 
have a £3,590,988 (2019: £5,776,436) direct impact on the profit and loss in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and the net assets 
attributable to shareholders in the consolidated balance sheet. The impact on net asset per ordinary share is £0.02 (2019: £0.03).

For the investment in the Funds, the market risk is deemed to be the change in fair value. A 15% change in the fair value of those investments would 
have a £53,207,700 (2019: £74,295,012) direct impact on the profit and loss in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and the net 
assets attributable to shareholders in the consolidated balance sheet. The impact on net asset per ordinary share is £0.29 (2019: £0.37).

The Company is exposed to a variety of market risk factors which may change significantly over time. As a result, measurement of such exposure  
at any given point in time may be difficult given the complexity and diversity of the investments held by the Funds.

Limitations of sensitivity analysis
The sensitivity information included in Notes 5 and 8 demonstrates the estimated impact of a change in a major input assumption while other 
assumptions remain unchanged. In reality, there are normally significant levels of correlation between the assumptions and other factors.

It should also be noted that these sensitivities are non-linear and larger or smaller impacts should not be interpolated or extrapolated from these 
results. Furthermore, estimates of sensitivity may become less reliable in unusual market conditions such as instances when risk-free interest rates  
fall towards zero.

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5. Financial risk management continued

5.5 Capital management

The Company’s capital is represented by ordinary shares with £0.01 par value and they carry one vote each. The shares are entitled to dividends 
when declared. The Company has no additional restrictions or specific capital requirements on the issuance and repurchase of ordinary shares.  
The movements of capital are shown in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s assets to achieve positive returns. In order to maintain or adjust  
the capital structure, the Company may issue shares or may return capital to shareholders through the repurchase of shares or by paying dividends. 
The effects of the issue, the repurchase and resale of shares are described in Note 20. 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

6. Investments
Investments as at 31 December 2020:

98

Oakley Funds

Fund I

Fund II

Fund III

Fund IV

Origin Fund

Total Oakley Funds

Direct investment Funds

OCPE Education (Feeder) LP

Total direct investment Funds

Total Funds

Quoted equity securities

Time Out Group plc

Total quoted equity securities

Unquoted debt securities

Ellisfield (Bermuda) Limited

Fund I

Fund II

Fund III

NSG Apparel BV

Oakley Capital III Limited

Oakley NS (Bermuda) LP

Time Out Group plc

Total unquoted debt securities

Total investments

1 Total sales include sales, loan repayments and transfers.

2019 Fair 
 value
£’000

Purchases/
Capital calls
£’000

Total sales1/
Distributions
£’000

Realised gains/ 
(losses) 
£’000

Interest and 
other
£’000

Net change 
in unrealised 
gains/(losses)
£’000

2020 Fair  

value
£’000

33,358

57,182

310,068

19,708

–

420,316

74,984

74,984

10,906

8,689

–

–

(16,993)

10,455

–

(186,493)

123,345

32,018

2,856

54,469

–

–

–

–

(203,486)

133,800

–

–

(94,210)

(94,210)

74,736

74,736

495,300

54,469

(297,696)

208,536

38,510

38,510

15,796

9,435

4,398

–

29,992

731

43,490

23,314

127,156

660,966

12,625

12,625

–

1,000

3,333

–

6,990

–

15,066

2,500

28,889

95,983

–

–

–

(4,432)

(7,985)

–

–

(732)

–

(27,071)

(40,220)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(337,916)

208,536

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1,468

642

254

–

1,727

1

5,292

1,257

10,641

10,641

(28,115)

(6,123)

16,149

53,210

(29,054)

217,866

14,634

(1,723)

66,360

1,133

(50,381)

354,718

(55,510)

(55,510)

–

–

(105,891)

354,718

(27,195)

(27,195)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(133,086)

23,940

23,940

17,264

6,645

–

–

38,709

–

63,848

–

126,466

505,124

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

6. Investments continued
Investments as at 31 December 2019:

2018 Fair 
 value
£'000

Purchases/
Capital calls
£'000

Total sales1/ 
Distributions
£'000

Realised gains/ 
(losses)
£'000

Interest and 
other
£'000

Net change 
in unrealised 
gains/(losses)
£'000

99

2019 Fair  

value
£'000

33,358

57,182

310,068

19,708

420,316

74,984

74,984

Oakley Funds

Fund I

Fund II

Fund III

Fund IV

Total Oakley Funds

Direct investment Funds

OCPE Education (Feeder) LP

Total direct investment Funds

Total Funds

Quoted equity securities

Time Out Group plc

Total quoted equity securities

Unquoted debt securities

Ellisfield (Bermuda) Limited

Fund I

Fund II

Fund III

NSG Apparel BV

Oakley Capital III Limited

Oakley NS (Bermuda) LP

Time Out Group plc

Total unquoted debt securities

Total investments

18,159

71,794

208,628

–

298,581

41,789

41,789

1,788

7,386

29,672

25,930

64,776

672

672

–

(30,197)

(9,712)

–

–

19,067

(1,227)

–

(39,909)

17,840

–

–

–

–

340,370

65,448

(39,909)

17,840

22,320

22,320

14,889

7,035

17,412

4,033

26,569

2,169

14,038

20,914

107,059

469,749

–

–

–

9,880

8,344

13,291

2,319

–

–

–

(8,080)

(21,846)

(17,853)

–

–

(1,518)

25,483

2,500

61,817

127,265

–

(2,607)

(51,904)

(91,813)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

17,840

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

907

600

488

529

1,104

80

3,969

2,507

10,184

10,184

13,411

(10,868)

82,707

(6,222)

79,028

32,523

32,523

111,551

495,300

16,190

16,190

38,510

38,510

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

15,796

9,435

4,398

– 

29,992

731

43,490

23,314

127,156

127,741

660,966

1 Total sales include sales, loan repayments and transfers.

Quoted equity securities and unquoted debt securities are additional direct investments in certain of the portfolio companies in one of the Oakley Funds. 
The total sales on unquoted debt securities distributions include accrued interest repaid of £5,321,000 (2019: £1,808,000).

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

7. Net gains/(losses) from investments at fair value through profit and loss

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments at fair value through profit and loss:

  Funds

  Quoted equity securities

Total net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments at fair value through profit and loss

Net realised gains/(losses) on investments at fair value through profit and loss:

  Funds

Total net realised gains/(losses) on investments at fair value through profit and loss

100

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

(105,891)

(27,195)

(133,086)

208,536

208,536

111,551

16,190

127,741

17,840

17,840

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments
The Company has adopted IFRS 13 in respect of disclosures about the degree of reliability of fair value measurements. These fair value 
measurements are categorised into different levels in the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs to valuation techniques used. The Company 
classifies financial instruments measured at fair value in the investment portfolio according to the following hierarchy:

•  Level I:  Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical instruments that the Company can access at the measurement date.  

Level I investments include quoted equity instruments.

•  Level II:  

Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level I that are observable for the instrument, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly 
(i.e. derived from prices).

•  Level III:  

Inputs that are not based on observable market data. Level III investments include private equity funds and unquoted debt securities.

The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is categorised is determined on the basis of the lowest level input that 
is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Assessing the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety 
requires judgement, considering factors specific to the instrument. The determination of what constitutes ‘observable’ requires significant judgement 
by the Company.

The Company considers observable data to be market data that is readily available, regularly distributed or updated, reliable and verifiable,  
not proprietary, and provided by independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant market.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

101

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments continued
The following table analyses the Company’s investments measured at fair value as of 31 December 2020 by the level in the fair value hierarchy into 
which the fair value measurement is categorised:

Funds

Quoted equity securities

Unquoted debt securities

Total investments measured at fair value

Level I
£’000

Level III
£’000

–

354,718

23,940

–

23,940

–

126,466

481,184

Total
£’000

354,718

23,940

126,466

505,124

The following table analyses the Company’s investments measured at fair value as of 31 December 2019 by the level in the fair value hierarchy into 
which the fair value measurement is categorised:

Funds

Quoted equity securities

Unquoted debt securities

Total investments measured at fair value

Level I

Level I
£’000

Level III
£’000

Total
£’000

–

495,300

495,300

38,510

–

38,510

–

127,156

622,456

38,510

127,156

660,966

Quoted equity investment values are based on quoted market prices in active markets, and are therefore classified within Level I investments.  
The Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments.

Level II

The Company did not hold any Level II investments as of 31 December 2020 or 2019.

Level III

The Company has determined that Funds and unquoted debt securities fall into Level III. Funds and unquoted debt securities are measured  
in accordance with the IPEV Valuation Guidelines with reference to the most appropriate information available at the time of measurement.  
The Consolidated Financial Statements as of 31 December 2020 include Level III investments in the amount of £481,183,852, representing 
approximately 66.10% of shareholders’ equity (2019: £622,456,416; 90.74%).

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

102

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments continued

Funds
The Company primarily invests in portfolio companies via the Funds as a limited partner. The Funds are unquoted equity securities. The Company’s 
investments in unquoted equity securities are recognised in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, in accordance with IPEV Valuation 
Guidelines and IFRS 13 and are considered Level III investments.

The valuation of unquoted fund investments is based on the latest available net asset value (‘NAV’) of the Fund as reported by the corresponding 
general partner or administrator, provided that the NAV has been appropriately determined using fair value principles in accordance with IFRS 13.

The NAV of a Fund is calculated after determining the fair value of that Fund’s investment in any portfolio company. The fair value is determined by 
the Investment Adviser by calculating the Enterprise Value (‘EV’) of the portfolio company and then adding excess cash and deducting financial 
instruments, such as external debt, ranking ahead of the Fund’s highest ranking instrument in the portfolio company. 

A common method of determining the EV is to apply a market-based multiple (e.g. an average multiple based on a selection of comparable quoted 
companies) to the ‘maintainable’ earnings or revenues of the portfolio company. This market-based approach presumes that the comparable 
companies are correctly valued by the market. A discount is sometimes applied to market-based multiples to adjust for points of difference between 
the comparables and the Company being valued. 

As at 31 December 2020, the value of the Funds’ investments, other assets and liabilities attributable to the Company based on its respective 
percentage interest in each Fund was as follows:

Investments

Loans

Estimated performance fee payable

Other net assets

Total value of the Fund attributable to the Company (€’000)

Total value of the Fund attributable to the Company (£’000)  
at year-end exchange rate

Fund I
€’000

21,600

(5,199)

–

1,645

18,046

Fund III
€’000

Fund IV
€’000

Origin Fund
€’000

OCPE 
Education
€’000

Fund II
€’000

58,723

334,940

168,957

(3,684)

(53,907)

(98,373)

–

4,420

59,459

(41,135)

3,555

243,453

(2,041)

5,610

74,153

11,530

(11,756)

–

1,493

1,267

16,149

53,210

217,866

66,360

1,133

–

–

–

–

–

–

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

103

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments continued
As at 31 December 2019, the value of the Funds’ investments, other assets and liabilities attributable to the Company based on its respective 
percentage interest in each Fund was as follows:

Investments

Loans

Estimated performance fee payable

Other net assets

Total value of the Fund attributable to the Company (€’000)

Total value of the Fund attributable to the Company (£’000)     
at year-end exchange rate

Fund I
€’000

44,568

(7,845)

–

2,698

39,421

Fund II
€’000

Fund III
€’000

75,540

456,259

(9,836)

(3,130)

5,002

67,576

(41,206)

(50,487)

1,858

366,424

Fund IV
€’000

57,091

(44,657)

–

10,856

23,290

33,358

57,182

310,068

19,708

Origin  
Fund
€’000

–

–

–

–

–

–

OCPE 
Education
€’000

88,436

–

–

177

88,613

74,984

The Company records its investments in the Funds at the NAV reported by the Funds which it considers to be fair value. The NAV as reported by the 
Funds’ general partner or administrator is considered to be the key unobservable input. The Company has the following control procedures in place  
to evaluate whether the NAV of the underlying Fund investments represents a reliable estimate of fair value and calculated in a manner consistent 
with IFRS 13:

•  Thorough initial due diligence processes and the Board of Directors performing ongoing monitoring procedures, primarily discussions with the 

Investment Adviser.

•  Comparison of historical realisations to last reported fair values.

•  Review of the quarterly financial statements and the annual audited NAV of the respective Fund.

Unquoted debt securities
The fair values of the Company’s investments in unquoted debt securities are derived from a discounted cash flow calculation based on expected 
future cash flows to be received, discounted at an appropriate rate. Expected future cash flows include interest received and principal repayment 
at maturity.

Unobservable inputs for Level III investments

Funds
In arriving at the fair value of the unquoted Fund investments, the key input used by the Company is the NAV as provided by the General Partner  
or administrator of the relevant Fund. The Company recognises that the NAVs of the Funds are highly sensitive to movements in the fair values  
of the underlying portfolio companies.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

104

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments continued
The underlying portfolio companies owned by the Funds may include both quoted and unquoted companies. Quoted portfolio companies are 
valued based on market prices, consistent with the Company’s accounting policy for quoted investments, and no unobservable inputs are used. 
Unquoted portfolio companies are valued by the Investment Adviser based on a market approach for which significant judgement is applied. 
Consideration has also been given by the Investment Adviser to the impact of COVID-19 for the valuation at 31 December 2020. 

For the purposes of sensitivity analysis, the Company considers a 10% adjustment to the fair value of the unquoted portfolio companies of the 
Funds as reasonable. For the year ending 31 December 2020, a 10% increase to the fair value of the unquoted portfolio companies held by the 
Funds would result in a 6.1% movement in net assets attributable to shareholders (2019: 7.6%). A 10% decrease to the fair value of the unquoted 
portfolio companies held by the Funds would have an equal and opposite effect.

Unquoted debt securities
In arriving at the fair value of the unquoted debt securities, the key inputs used by the Company are future cash flows expected to be received until 
maturity of the debt securities and the discount factor applied. The discount factor applied is an unobservable input and ranges between 5% and 
12% considering contractual interest rates charged on debt, risk-free rate and assessment of credit risk.

For the purposes of sensitivity analysis, the Company considers a 1% adjustment to the discount factor applied as reasonable. For the year ending 
31 December 2020, a 1% increase to the discount factor would result in a 0.2% movement in net assets attributable to shareholders (2019: 0.4%).  
A 1% decrease to the discount factor would have an equal and opposite effect. Refer to Note 5.4(a).

Transfers between levels

There were no transfers between the levels during the year ended 31 December 2020 (2019: none).

Level I and Level III reconciliation

The changes in investments measured at fair value, for which the Company has used Level I and Level III inputs to determine fair value as of 
31 December 2020 and 2019, are as follows:

Level I investments:
Quoted equity securities

Fair value at the beginning of the year

Purchases

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments

Fair value of Level I investments at the end of the year

2020
£’000

38,510

12,625

(27,195)

23,940

2019
£’000

22,320

–

16,190

38,510

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

8. Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments continued

Level III investments:

2020

Fair value at the beginning of the year

Purchases 

Proceeds on disposals (including interest)

Realised gain on sale

Interest income and other fee income

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments

Fair value at the end of the year

2019

Fair value at the beginning of the year

Purchases 

Proceeds on disposals (including interest)

Realised gain on sale

Interest income and other fee income

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on investments

Fair value at the end of the year

Other financial instruments 

105

Funds
£’000

Unquoted debt 
securities
£’000

Total
£’000

495,300

54,469

127,156

28,889

622,456

83,358

(297,696)

(40,220)

(337,916)

208,536

–

208,536

–

10,641

10,641

(105,891)

–

(105,891)

354,718

126,466

481,184

Funds
£’000

Unquoted debt 
securities
£’000

Total
£’000

340,370

107,059

65,448

61,817

447,429

127,265

(39,909)

(51,904)

(91,813)

17,840

–

–

10,184

111,551

495,300

–

127,156

17,840

10,184

111,551

622,456

Financial instruments, other than financial instruments at fair value through profit and loss, where carrying values are equal to fair values:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables

Trade and other payables

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

223,090

48,866

33

297

40

23,864

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

106

9. Segment information
The Company has two reportable segments, as described below. For each of them, the Board of Directors receives detailed reports on at least  
a quarterly basis. The following summary describes the operations in each of the Company’s reportable segments:

•  Fund investments

•  Direct investments

Balance sheet and income and expense items which cannot be clearly allocated to one of the segments are shown in the column “Corporate”  
in the following tables.

The reportable operating segments derive their revenue primarily by seeking investments to achieve an attractive return in relation to the risk being 
taken. The return consists of interest, dividends and/or unrealised and realised capital gains. 

The financial information provided to the Board of Directors with respect to total assets and liabilities is presented in a manner consistent with the 
Consolidated Financial Statements. The assessment of the performance of the operating segments is based on measurements consistent with 
IFRS. With the exception of capital calls payable, liabilities are not considered to be segment liabilities but rather managed at the corporate level.

There have been no transactions between the reportable segments during the financial year 2020 (2019: none). 

The segment information for the year ended 31 December 2020 is as follows:

Net realised gains on financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

208,536 

 – 

 208,536 

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on financial assets at fair value 
through profit and loss

 (105,891)

 (27,195)

 (133,086)

Fund 
investments
£'000

Direct 
investments 
and loans 
£'000

Total 
operating 
segments
£'000

Corporate
£'000

 – 

 – 

 215 

 13,700 

 – 

 (3,354)

 10,561 

Total
£'000

 208,536 

 (133,086)

 10,466 

 13,700 

 390 

 (7,620)

 92,386 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 (4,044)

 10,251 

 10,251 

 – 

 390 

 (220)

 – 

 390 

 (4,266)

 81,825 

 98,601 

 (16,774)

 354,718 

 150,406 

 505,124 

 223,123 

 728,247 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 (297)

 (297)

 354,718 

 150,406 

 505,124 

 222,826 

 727,950 

Interest income

Net foreign currency gains/(losses)

Other income

Expenses

Profit/(loss) for the year

Total assets

Total liabilities

Net assets

Total assets include:

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

 354,718 

 150,406 

 505,124 

 – 

 505,124 

Cash and others

 – 

 – 

 – 

 223,123 

 223,123 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

9. Segment information continued
The segment information for the year ended 31 December 2019 is as follows:

Net realised gains on financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

17,840

–

17,840

Fund 
investments
£'000

Direct 
investments 
and loans
£'000

Total 
operating 
segments
£'000

Net change in unrealised gains/(losses) on financial assets at fair value 
through profit and loss

Interest income

Net foreign currency gains/(losses)

Other income

Expenses

Profit/(loss) for the year

Total assets

Total liabilities

Net assets

Total assets include:

Corporate
£'000

–

–

107

(2,715)

–

(2,864)

(5,472)

16,190

9,111

–

1,073

(2,409)

23,965

127,741

9,111

–

1,073

(15,024)

140,741

111,551

–

–

–

(12,615)

116,776

495,300

(10,130)

165,666

660,966

48,906

–

(10,130)

(13,734)

(23,864)

485,170

165,666

650,836

35,172

686,008 

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

495,300

165,666

660,966

–

660,966

Cash and others

–

–

–

48,906

48,906

10. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and demand balances at banks

Short-term deposits

2020
£’000

172,892

50,198

223,090

2019
£’000

28,759

20,107

48,866

107

Total
£'000

17,840

127,741

9,218

(2,715)

1,073

(17,888)

135,269

709,872

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

11. Trade and other receivables

Prepayments

12. Trade and other payables

Trade payables

Amounts due to related parties

Other payables

108

2020
£’000

33

33

2020
£’000

87

150

60

297

2019
£’000

40

40

2019
£’000

93

13,641

10,130

23,864

On 20 December 2019, the Company purchased for cancellation 4,000,000 of its own ordinary shares at the market price on that date for a total 
of £10,100,250. As at 31 December 2019, the amount payable for the share buy-back remained outstanding (refer to Note 20) and was included  
in “Other payables”. 

13. Interest income

Interest income on investments carried at amortised cost:

  Cash and cash equivalents

Interest income on investments designated as at fair value through profit and loss:

Debt securities

14. Expenses

Investment-related fees

Operating expenses

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

215

107

10,251

10,466

9,111

9,218

Notes

15

16

2020
£’000

4,266

3,354

7,620

2019
£’000

14,574

3,314

17,888

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

109

15. Investment-related fees
Included in Investment related fees are operational and performance fees paid to Oakley Capital Manager Limited (the ‘Administrative Agent’). 
The Administrative Agent has been appointed by the Company to provide operational assistance and services to the Board with respect to the 
Company’s direct investments and generally to administer the assets of the Company, as provided for in the Operational Services Agreement.

a) Operational fees

During 2020 and 2019, the Administrative Agent was paid an operational services fee of 2% per annum of the net asset value of certain of the 
Company’s direct investments. During 2019, the operational services fee was calculated by reference to all of the Company’s direct investments.  
With effect from 1 January 2020, operational services fees relating to direct debt investments were eliminated, so that the operational services fee 
became payable only by reference to the net asset value of the Company’s direct equity investments. With effect from 1 July 2020, no further 
operational services fees are payable by reference to the Company’s current direct equity investments. 

The operational services fee for the year ended 31 December 2020 totalled £620,874 (2019: £3,928,313). There are no amounts outstanding 
as at 31 December 2020 (2019: £1,109,199).

b) Performance fees

The Administrative Agent is paid a performance fee of 20% of profits (after expenses) from the full or partial realisation on disposal of any direct 
equity investments subject to an 8% preferred return. With effect from 1 July 2020, no performance fees are payable by reference to the Company’s 
current direct equity investments.

Performance fees for the year ended 31 December 2020 totalled £3,644,444 (2019: £10,646,241). There are no amounts outstanding 
as at 31 December 2020 (2019: £12,447,622). 

16. Operating expenses
The following expenses are included in operating expenses:

a) Administration fees

The Company has appointed Mayflower Management Services (Bermuda) Limited (the ‘Administrator’) to provide administration services  
at an annual fee at prevailing commercial rates. Administration fees for the year ended 31 December 2020 totalled £344,584 (2019: £352,040). 
There were no amounts payable to the Administrator as at 31 December 2020 (2019: £nil).

b) Directors’ fees

For the year ended 31 December 2020, the Company paid Directors’ fees of £100,000 (2019: £65,000) to the Chair of the Board and £275,000 
(2019: £175,000) to other Board members. No fees were payable as at 31 December 2020 (2019: £nil).  

The members of the Board of Directors are considered to be Key Management Personnel. No pension contributions were made in respect of 
any of the Directors and none of the Directors receive any pension from any portfolio company held by the Funds. During the year one of the 
Directors waived remuneration (2019: one). No other fees were paid to the Directors (2019: £nil). 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

110

16. Operating expenses continued
For the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019 members of the Board of Directors held shares in the Company and were entitled to dividends 
as detailed below:

Shares at the beginning of the year

Shares acquired during the year

Shares held by a Director who resigned during the year

Shares at the end of the year

Dividends paid to Directors (£’000) 

c) Auditor’s remuneration

2020
‘000

18,018

745

(400)

18,363

818

2019
‘000

9,736

8,342

(60)

18,018

561

The Company’s auditor is KPMG. During the year ending 31 December 2020, the Company paid KPMG audit fees of £144,009 (2019: £142,549) 
and other advisory services fees of £6,666 (2019: £5,000).

d) Other expenses

The Company is recharged by the Administrative Agent for certain services such as compliance, accounting and investor relations provided by 
the Administrative Agent’s contracted advisers, (which include the Investment Adviser) on behalf of the Company. Such recharges are specifically 
agreed on an annual basis.

For the year ended 31 December 2020, the Administrative Agent recharged £947,000 (2019: £719,034). The amount outstanding as at 31 December 
2020 was £90,000 (2019: £70,000) and is included in “Trade and other payables” in the consolidated balance sheet.

17. Withholding tax
Under current Bermuda law the Company is not required to pay tax in Bermuda on either income or capital gains. The Company has received an 
undertaking from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that in the event of such taxes being imposed, the Company is exempt from such taxation 
until at least 31 March 2035. 

The Company may, however, be subject to foreign withholding taxes in respect of income derived from its investments in other jurisdictions. 
For the year ended 31 December 2020, the Company was not subjected to foreign withholding taxes (2019: nil).

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

18. Earnings per share
The earnings per share calculation uses the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year.

Basic and diluted earnings per share

Profit for the year (‘000)

Weighted average number of shares in issue (‘000)

The Company’s diluted earnings per share equals the basic earnings per share.

19. Net asset value per share
The net asset value per share calculation uses the number of shares in issue at the end of the year.

Basic and diluted net asset value per share

Net assets attributable to shareholders (‘000)

Number of shares in issue at the year end (‘000)

20. Share capital

a) Authorised and issued capital

111

2020

£0.48

2019

£0.66

£92,386

£135,269

192,707

204,113

2020

£4.03

2019

£3.45

£727,950

£686,008

180,600

198,600

The authorised share capital of the Company is 280,000,000 ordinary shares at a par value of £0.01 each. Ordinary shares are listed and traded 
on the SFS of the LSE Main Market. Each share confers the right to one vote and shareholders have the right to receive dividends. 

During the year ending 31 December 2020, the Company purchased the following ordinary shares:

18 March 2020

18 June 2020

29 July 2020

2 October 2020

3 December 2020

Number of 
ordinary 
shares

3,000,000

1,340,000

3,660,000

3,053,000

6,947,000

Purchase 
price 
(£’000)

4,818

2,775

8,318

7,786

18,068

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

20. Share capital continued
During the year ending 31 December 2019, the Company purchased the following ordinary shares:

15 March 2019

14 November 2019

20 December 2019

112

Number of 
ordinary 
shares

404,100

1,800,000

4,000,000

Purchase  
price 
(£’000)

767

4,000

10,100

The ordinary shares purchased by the Company have been cancelled. The Company’s authorised share capital is not reduced by this cancellation. 

As at 31 December 2020, the Company’s issued and fully paid share capital was 180,599,936 ordinary shares (2019: 198,599,936). 

Ordinary shares outstanding at the beginning of the year

Ordinary shares purchased

Ordinary shares outstanding at the end of the year

2020
‘000

2019
‘000

198,600

204,804

(18,000)

(6,204)

180,600

198,600

b) Share premium

Share premium represents the amount received in excess of the nominal value of ordinary shares.

21. Dividends
On 11 March 2020, the Board of Directors declared a final dividend for 2019 of 2.25 pence per ordinary share resulting in a dividend of £4,391,999 
paid on 23 April 2020 (2019: On 13 March 2019, the Board declared and approved a final dividend for 2018 of 2.25 pence per ordinary share which 
resulted in a dividend payment of £4,608,091 paid on 25 April 2019).

On 10 September 2020, the Board of Directors declared an interim dividend of 2.25 pence per ordinary share resulting in a dividend of £4,288,499 
(2019: On 10 September 2019, the Board declared an interim dividend of 2.25 pence per ordinary share which resulted in a dividend of £4,608,091). 

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

22. Commitments
The Company had the following outstanding capital commitments in Euros as at year end: 

113

Fund I

Fund II

Fund III

Fund IV

Origin Fund1

Total outstanding commitments (€’000)

Total outstanding commitments (£’000)

1 The Company made the commitment to the Origin Fund during the year ending 31 December 2020. 

The Company had the following outstanding unquoted debt security commitments at year end:

Fund I

Fund II1

Oakley NS (Bermuda) LP2

Total outstanding commitments (£’000)

Original  

commitment
£‘000

202,398

190,000

325,780

400,000

105,000

1,223,178

1,094,622

Original  
commitment 
£‘000

5,000

20,000

54,710

79,710

2020 
£‘000

2,834

13,300

120,539

334,000

101,850

572,523

512,351

2020
£‘000

5,000

–

128

5,128

2019
 £‘000

2,834

13,300

120,539

370,000

–

506,673

428,746

2019 
£‘000

4,000

15,700

14,334

34,034

1 The unquoted debt security commitment to Fund II was terminated on 17 October 2020.
2 As at 31 December 2019, the original commitment to Oakley NS (Bermuda) LP was £53,850,000.

23. Related parties
Related parties transactions not disclosed elsewhere in the Consolidated Financial Statements are as follows:

One Director of the Company, Peter Dubens, is also a Director of the Investment Adviser, an entity which provides services to, and receives 
compensation, from the Company and is also the sole shareholder of Oakley Capital Manager Limited (the ‘Administrative Agent’) which is 
considered a related party to the Company given the direct control this Director has over this entity. The agreements between the Company 
and these service providers are based on normal commercial terms and are disclosed in Note 15.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsNOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

For the year ended 31 December 2020

114

24. Events after balance sheet date
The Board of Directors has evaluated subsequent events from the year end through 10 March 2021, which is the date the Consolidated Financial 
Statements were available for issue. The following events have been identified for disclosure: 

On 21 January 2021, the Company increased its commitment in the Origin Fund by €24,300,000. The Company’s total commitment is €129,300,000 
and its holding changed from 27.0% to 29.72%.

On 26 February 2021, the Company received a distribution of €25,377,986 (£21,992,563) from Fund III arising from the refinancing of Career Partner Group.

On 10 March 2021, the Board of Directors declared a final dividend for the year ended 31 December 2020 of 2.25 pence per ordinary share resulting 
in a dividend of £4,063,499 payable on 15 April 2021.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsDIRECTORS AND ADVISERS

115

Directors

Caroline Foulger

Chair 

Richard Lightowler

Senior Independent Director

Fiona Beck

Independent Director 

Peter Dubens 

Director 

Stewart Porter

Director 

Registered office 
3rd Floor, Mintflower Place  
8 Par-la-Ville Road  
Hamilton HM08  
Bermuda

Advisers

Administrative Agent 

Oakley Capital Manager Limited  
3rd Floor, Mintflower Place  
8 Par-la-Ville Road  
Hamilton HM08  
Bermuda

Investment Adviser to the  
Administrative Agent 

Oakley Capital Limited  
3 Cadogan Gate  
London SW1X 0AS  
United Kingdom 

Legal Adviser 

Stephenson Harwood 
1 Finsbury Circus  
London EC2M 7SH  
United Kingdom 

CREST Depositary 

Computershare Investor Services PLC  
PO Box 82  
The Pavilions  
Bridgwater Road  
Bristol BS99 6ZZ  
United Kingdom 

Administrator 

Mayflower Management                         
Services (Bermuda) Limited  
3rd Floor, Mintflower Place  
8 Par-la-Ville Road  
Hamilton HM08  
Bermuda

Legal Adviser as to Bermuda Law 

Conyers Dill & Pearman Limited  
Clarendon House  
2 Church Street  
Hamilton HM CX  
Bermuda 

Financial Adviser and Broker 

Liberum Capital Limited  
Level 12, Ropemaker Place  
25 Ropemaker Street  
London EC2Y 9AR  
United Kingdom 

Auditor

KPMG Audit Limited 
Crown House  
4 Par-la-Ville Road  
Hamilton HM08  
Bermuda 

Branch Registrar 

Computershare Investor  
Services (Jersey) Limited  
Queensway House  
Hilgrove Street  
St Helier  
Jersey JE1 1ES
Channel Islands

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116

Administrative Agent

 Oakley Capital Manager Limited (‘OCML’), in respect of the Company.

AIF

Auditor

Alternative Investment Fund, as at 31 December 2020, Oakley Capital Investments Limited is a non-EU AIF.

  KPMG Audit Limited or such other auditor as appointed from time to time. 

Board / Directors

The Board of Directors of the Company.

Carry Vehicles

The Oakley Funds’ Carry Vehicles are Oakley Capital Founder Member Limited in respect of Fund I, Oakley Capital 
Founder Member II LP in respect of Fund II, OCPE III Founder Member LP in respect of Fund III, Oakley Capital IV FM 
SCSp in respect of Fund IV, and Oakley Capital Origin FM SCSp in respect of the Origin Fund.

Commitments

The amount committed by an investor to the Funds whether or not such amount has been advanced in whole or in part.

Company / OCI

Oakley Capital Investments Limited, a company incorporated with limited liability in Bermuda and registered number 40324.

Cost

  In relation to the cost of investments, this is the open cost of the investment at 31 December 2020, i.e. the investment cost 
net of amounts realised from partial exits and refinancings, where applicable.

DACH region

Austria, Germany and Switzerland.

EBITDA

 Earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation and is used as the typical measure of portfolio  
company performance.

EV/EBITDA multiple

The EV/EBITDA multiple compares a company’s Enterprise Value (‘EV’) to its annual EBITDA.

Exchange rate

 The GBP:EUR exchange rate at 31 December 2020 was £1: €1.1174.

Five-year p.a. total return

Annualised Total NAV Return per share calculated over a five-year period.

Fund facilities

This includes debt facilities provided by the Company to the Oakley Funds and to the General Partners of the Oakley Funds.

Fund I / Oakley Fund I

 Oakley Capital Private Equity L.P.

Fund II / Oakley Fund II

 Those limited partnerships constituting the Fund known as Oakley Capital Private Equity II, comprising Oakley Capital  
Private Equity II-A L.P., Oakley Capital Private Equity II-B L.P., Oakley Capital Private Equity II-C L.P. and OCPE II Master L.P.

Fund III / Oakley Fund III

 Those limited partnerships constituting the Fund known as Oakley Capital Private Equity III, comprising Oakley Capital 
Private Equity III-A L.P., Oakley Capital Private Equity III-B L.P., Oakley Capital Private Equity III-C L.P. and OCPE III  
Master L.P.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsGLOSSARY CONTINUED

117

Fund IV / Oakley Fund IV

Those limited partnerships constituting the Fund known as Oakley Capital IV, comprising Oakley Capital IV-A SCSp, 
Oakley Capital IV-B SCSp, Oakley Capital IV-C SCSp and Oakley Capital IV Master SCSp. 

General Partners (‘GP’)

Oakley Capital I Limited in respect of Fund I (previously Oakley Capital GP Limited), Oakley Capital II Limited in respect 
of Fund II (previously Oakley Capital GP II Limited) and Oakley Capital III Limited in respect of Fund III (previously 
Oakley Capital GP III Limited), all exempted companies incorporated in Bermuda. Oakley Capital IV S.à r.l. in respect 
of Fund IV and Oakley Capital Origin S.à r.l. in respect of the Origin Fund, private limited liability companies incorporated 
in Luxembourg. 

IFRS

International Financial Reporting Standards. The Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes have been prepared  
in accordance with IFRS.

Investment Adviser

 Oakley Capital Limited, a Company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 4091922, which  
is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority; or any successor as Investment Adviser of the 
Oakley Funds. 

IPO

IRR

Look-through

 Initial Public Offering.

The gross Internal Rate of Return of an investment or Fund. It is the annual compound rate of return on investments. Gross 
IRR does not reflect expenses to be borne by the relevant fund or its investors including performance fees, management 
fees, taxes and organisational, partnership or transaction expenses.

OCI look-through values are calculated using the OCI attributable proportion (determined as the ratio of OCI’s 
commitments to the respective Oakley Fund to total commitments to that Fund), applied to each investment’s fair value as 
held in the relevant Oakley Fund, net of any accrued performance fees relating to that investment, and converted using the 
year-end EUR:GBP exchange rate.

LTM

Last 12 months.

LTM EBITDA growth

Increase in EBTDA over the last 12 months of the year ending 31 December 2020.

MM

NAV

Oakley

Oakley Group

Money Multiple.

 Net Asset Value is the value of the Company’s total assets less total liabilities.

 The Investment Adviser being Oakley Capital Limited.

 Oakley Capital Limited as Investment Adviser, Oakley Capital Manager Limited as Administrative Agent, Oakley Capital 
Holdings S.à r.l., the General Partners, the Fund IV and Origin Fund AIFM and any other AIFM and General Partner of successor 
Oakley Funds or any additional management or holding entities formed under the control of the current Oakley Group.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial StatementsGLOSSARY CONTINUED

118

Oakley Funds

Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Fund IV and Origin Fund, and (as applicable) any successor Funds.

Ongoing charges

Ongoing charges are calculated in accordance with the guidelines issued by The Association of Investment Companies 
(‘AIC’). They comprise recurring costs, including the operating expenses of the Company, operational services fees  
paid to the Administrative Agent and, OCI’s share of the management fees paid by the underlying Oakley Funds.  
The calculation specifically excludes expenses, gains and losses relating to the acquisition or disposal of investments, 
performance-related fees (such as carried interest), and financing charges. This calculation cannot be directly reconciled 
to OCI’s Financial Statements due to the inclusion of OCI’s share of the management fees paid by the underlying Oakley 
Funds which is not directly included in OCI’s Financial Statements.

Origin Fund

Those limited partnerships constituting the Fund known as the Origin Fund, comprising Oakley Capital Origin A SCSp, 
Oakley Capital Origin B SCSp and Oakley Capital Origin Master SCSp.

SFS

The Specialist Fund Segment is a segment of the London Stock Exchange’s regulated Main Market.

Total NAV return

A measure showing how the Net Asset Value (‘NAV’) per share has performed over a period of time, taking into account 
both capital returns and dividends paid to shareholders. Calculated as: (increase in NAV + dividends) / opening NAV.

Total Portfolio

The Total Portfolio is the fair value of OCI’s investments, made up of the Oakley Funds’ investments on a look-through 
basis, and OCI’s direct investments. This can be reconciled to the NAV as below:

Total Portfolio

Other Oakley Fund assets/(liabilities)

Other direct investments

Cash and other

NAV

£m

£638.2

(£139.7)

£6.6

£222.9

£728.0

Total shareholder return

Total shareholder return is the financial gain that results from a change in OCI’s share price plus dividends paid by the 
Company during the year, divided by the initial purchase price of the stock.

Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements119

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Strategic ReportOverviewGovernanceConsolidated Financial Statements