A Message from Management
Dear Neighbors and Friends,
Ohio Valley Bank and Loan Central’s dedication to put Community First has not soared higher than it
did in 2019. We put our mission statement to work with a $7+ million project to revitalize downtown
Gallipolis, a new branch in Mason, cosmetic improvements to our Wellston and Waverly offices, 3,015
volunteer hours given, and over $400,000 in local donations and sponsorships.
Strategic decisions like the sale of our Mt. Sterling and New Holland offices, streamlining of our Jack-
son offices, and the offering of an optional early retirement package were acted upon to move the bank
closer to an efficiency ratio in line with our peers. It is our hope that these efforts will help secure Ohio
Valley Bank’s future as an independent community bank for years to come.
2019 also brought new challenges. The most impactful of these was the sudden loss of tax refund pro-
cessing income and associated legal expense affecting not only Ohio Valley Bank’s bottom line, but that
of Loan Central as well. Still, your Company prevailed and ended the year with net income reaching
$9.9 million.
However, there is still more work to do in 2020. Our management and staff remain diligent in their pur-
suit to increase income and decrease expense, without sacrificing our commitment to the communities
we serve. The finetuning of our branch network in 2019 laid a solid foundation for growth.
We invite you to review this Annual Report of the Company and let us know if you have any questions.
Make plans now to attend the virtual Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 20th.
Thank you for making a deliberate and positive impact on your community through your support of
Ohio Valley Bank and Loan Central.
Sincerely,
Jeffrey E. Smith
Chairman of the Board
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Thomas E. Wiseman
Chief Executive Officer
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Larry E. Miller, II
President & Chief Operating Officer
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
We think of 2019 like a mighty oak.
It was about returning to our roots...
Groundbreaking Ceremony, August 7, 2018
Opened 1896, Photo 1940
February 15, 2019
July 30, 2019
2
March 28, 2019
December 16, 2019
...And about reaching our branches to the sky!
$421,999
Given to local charities, schools, organizations, and youth through donations
and sponsorships.
$90,781,407.49
Loaned to businesses, spurring economic growth in our communities.
3,904
Average transactions per month conducted for customers at the new OVB
Bend Area Office.
Over 3,000
Shopped for their next vehicle online at OVB’s Auto Loan Center.
www.autos.ovbc.com
$1.013 billion
Total assets as of December 31, 2019.
$7,562,103.04
Deposited using a cell phone or tablet on the go. $831,170 in the month of
December alone.
3
Community First is more than something we say.
Your company puts its Community First mission into action every day.
This Page Top: Vice President Adam Massie takes time out to read to
students at Bundy Elementary.
Left: Ohio Valley Bank’s surprise gift to Gallipolis in Lights. We hope the
OVB Tree made your holiday extra special this year and for years to come.
Right Top Row L-R: Jadah and Jansen were two of five winners in the
Main Office’s Halloween Coloring Contest. OVB’s first-ever Luggage
Drive collected 70 backpacks stuffed with supplies and 40 pieces of lug-
gage for local foster children. Jackson City Library Children’s Director
Sharon Lewli and Lewy the dog get ready for the library’s shark exhibit
made possible by OVB.
Middle Row L-R: Loan Central Manager Greg Kauffman makes an im-
pact in his community by cleaning and painting an underpass in the Chill-
icothe area. OVB partners with Eastern High School to reward academic
achievers with lunches throughout the year. OVB’s Kyla Carpenter and
Tony Staley were part of the “Buy Day Friday” crowd that surprised Pop-
py’s Coffee, Tea, and Remedies with a flash of customers to gain awareness
for buying local.
Bottom: Row L-R: OVB Financial Literacy Leader Hope Roush spent
two days at Green Elementary teaching students the basics of savings
and credit. Ohio Valley Bank was named the winner of this year’s iGIVE
Award for all that they do in their communities, bestowed by the iBEL-
IEVE Foundation and presented by Roger Mace. CEO Tom Wiseman
accepted the award on the bank’s behalf. OVB employees who are River
Valley alumni geared up for the annual OVB Community Bowl with this
photo for their Gallia Academy alumni co-workers.
4
5
OVBC DIRECTORS
Jeffrey E. Smith
Chairman, Ohio Valley Banc Corp. and Ohio Valley Bank
Thomas E. Wiseman
Chief Executive Officer, Ohio Valley Banc Corp. and Ohio Valley
Bank
Larry E. Miller, II
President & Chief Operating Officer, Ohio Valley Banc Corp. and
Ohio Valley Bank
David W. Thomas, Lead Director
Former Chief Examiner, Ohio Division of Financial Institutions
bank supervision and regulation
Anna P. Barnitz
Treasurer & CFO, Bob’s Market & Greenhouses, Inc.
wholesale horticultural products and retail landscaping stores
Brent A. Saunders
Chairman of the Board, Holzer Health System
Attorney, Halliday, Sheets & Saunders
healthcare
Harold A. Howe
Self-employed, Real Estate Investment and Rental Property
Brent R. Eastman
President and Co-owner, Ohio Valley Supermarkets
Partner, Eastman Enterprises
Kimberly A. Canady
Owner, Canady Farms, LLC
agricultural products and agronomy services
Edward J. Robbins
President & CEO, Ohio Valley Veneer, Inc.
wood harvesting, processing and manufacturing of dry
lumber & flooring in Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee
OHIO VALLEY BANK DIRECTORS
Jeffrey E. Smith
Thomas E. Wiseman
David W. Thomas
Harold A. Howe
Anna P. Barnitz
Brent A. Saunders
Brent R. Eastman
Kimberly A. Canady
Edward J. Robbins
Larry E. Miller, II
6
OVBC OFFICERS
Jeffrey E. Smith, Chairman of the Board
Thomas E. Wiseman, Chief Executive Officer
Larry E. Miller, II, President & Chief Operating Officer
Katrinka V. Hart-Harris, Senior Vice President
Scott W. Shockey, Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Tommy R. Shepherd, Senior Vice President & Secretary
Mario P. Liberatore, Vice President
Cherie A. Elliott, Vice President
Jennifer L. Osborne, Vice President
Bryan F. Stepp, Vice President
Frank W. Davison, Vice President
Bryan W. Martin, Vice President
Ryan J. Jones, Vice President
Allen W. Elliott, Vice President
Paula W. Clay, Assistant Secretary
Cindy H. Johnston, Assistant Secretary
LOAN CENTRAL DIRECTORS
Larry E. Miller, II
Cherie A. Elliott
Katrinka V. Hart-Harris
Ryan J. Jones
LOAN CENTRAL OFFICERS
Larry E. Miller, II
Cherie A. Elliott
Timothy R. Brumfield
John J. Holtzapfel
Chairman of the Board
President
Vice President & Secretary
Manager, Gallipolis Office
Compliance Officer &
Manager, Wheelersburg Office
Manager, Waverly Office
Manager, South Point Office
T. Joe Wilson
Joseph I. Jones
Gregory G. Kauffman Manager, Chillicothe Office
Steven B. Leach
Manager, Jackson Office
WEST VIRGINIA ADVISORY BOARD
Mario P. Liberatore
Richard L. Handley
Stephen L. Johnson
E. Allen Bell
John A. Myers
DIRECTORS EMERITUS
W. Lowell Call
Steven B. Chapman
Robert E. Daniel
John G. Jones
Barney A. Molnar
Wendell B. Thomas
Lannes C. Williamson
OHIO VALLEY BANK OFFICERS
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Jeffrey E. Smith
Thomas E. Wiseman
Larry E. Miller, II
Katrinka V. Hart-Harris Executive Vice President,
Chairman of the Board
Chief Executive Officer
President and Chief Operating Officer
Scott W. Shockey
Tommy R. Shepherd
Mario P. Liberatore
Special Projects
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer
Executive Vice President and Secretary
President, OVB West Virginia
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENTS
Jennifer L. Osborne
Bryan F. Stepp
Frank W. Davison
Bryan W. Martin
Ryan J. Jones
Allen W. Elliott
Retail Lending
Chief Lending Officer
Financial Bank Group
Managed Assets Officer
Chief Risk Officer
Branch Administration
Corporate Banking
Director of Human Resources
Western Division Branch Manager
Corporate Communications
Branch Administration/CRM
VICE PRESIDENTS
Patrick H. Tackett
Marilyn E. Kearns
Rick A. Swain
Bryna S. Butler
Tamela D. LeMaster
Christopher L. Preston Business Development West Virginia
Gregory A. Phillips
Diana L. Parks
John A. Anderson
Kyla R. Carpenter
E. Kate Cox
Brian E. Hall
Daniel T. Roush
Adam D. Massie
Shawn R. Siders
Jay D. Miller
Jody M. DeWees
Christopher S. Petro
Benjamin F. Pewitt
Lori A. Edwards
Consumer Lending
Internal Audit Liaison
Loan Operations
Director of Marketing
Director of Cultural Enhancement
Corporate Banking
Senior Compliance Officer
Northern Region Manager
Senior Credit Officer
Business Development Officer
Trust
Comptroller
Business Development
Secondary Market Officer
ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS
Melissa P. Wooten
Kimberly R. Williams
Paula W. Clay
Cindy H. Johnston
Joe J. Wyant
Brenda G. Henson
Randall L. Hammond
Barbara A. Patrick
Richard P. Speirs
Raymond G. Polcyn
Stephanie L. Stover
Brandon O. Huff
Anita M. Good
Angela S. Kinnaird
Laura F. Conger
Terri M. Camden
Shelly N. Boothe
Stephenie L. Peck
Shareholder Relations Manager
& Trust Officer
Systems Officer
Assistant Secretary
Assistant Secretary
Region Manager Jackson County
Manager Deposit Services
Security Officer/Loss Prevention
BSA Officer/Loss Prevention
Facilities Manager
Manager of Loan Production Office
Retail Lending Operations Manager
Director of IT
Regional Branch Administrator
Customer Support Manager
Risk Administration Officer
Human Resources Officer
Business Development Officer
Regional Branch Administrator
ASSISTANT CASHIERS
Lois J. Scherer
Linda K. Roe
EFT Officer
Lead Cultural Engineer &
Talent Development Specialist
Glen P. Arrowood, II Manager of Indirect Lending
Patricia G. Hapney
Anthony W. Staley
Retail Lending & Personal Banker
Product Development
Business Sales & Support
Western Cabell Region Manager
Bend Area Region Manager
Eastern Cabell Region Manager
Advertising Manager
Senior Credit Analyst
Jon C. Jones
Daniel F. Short
Pamela K. Smith
William F. Richards
Austin P. Arvon
7
Athens, Ohio Loan Office
2097 East State Street Suite C
Gallia County, Ohio
Main Office - 420 Third Avenue
Mini Bank - 437 Fourth Avenue
Inside Walmart - 2145 Eastern Avenue
Jackson Pike - 3035 State Route 160
Inside Holzer - 100 Jackson Pike
Loan Office - Walmart Plaza, 2145 Eastern Avenue
Rio Grande - 27 North College Avenue
Jackson County, Ohio
Upper Main - 740 East Main Street
Oak Hill - 116 Jackson Street
Wellston - 123 South Ohio Avenue
Waverly, Ohio
507 West Emmitt Avenue
Barboursville, West Virginia
6431 East State Route 60
Bend Area Office, Mason, West Virginia
156 Mallard Lane
Milton, West Virginia
280 East Main Street
Point Pleasant, West Virginia
328 Viand Street
8
Chillicothe, Ohio
1080 N. Bridge Street, Unit 43
Gallipolis, Ohio
2145 Eastern Avenue
Jackson, Ohio
420 East Main Street
South Point, Ohio
348 County Road 410
Waverly, Ohio
505 West Emmitt Avenue
Wheelersburg, Ohio
326 Center Street
OHIO VALLEY BANC CORP.
ANNUAL REPORT 2019
FINANCIALS
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS:
2019
Years Ended December 31
2017
2016
2018
2015
Total interest income …………………………………… $
Total interest expense …………………………………...
Net interest income ……………………………………...
Provision for loan losses …………………………….…..
Total other income ……………………………………....
Total other expenses ………………………………….....
Income before income taxes ………………………….....
Income taxes ………………………………………….....
Net income ……………………………………………....
50,317
7,265
43,052
1,000
9,166
39,498
11,720
1,813
9,907
$
$
$
49,197
5,471
43,726
1,039
8,938
37,426
14,199
2,255
11,944
45,708
3,975
41,733
2,564
9,435
36,609
11,995
4,486
7,509
39,348
3,022
36,326
2,826
8,239
32,899
8,840
1,920
6,920
$
36,334
2,839
33,495
1,090
8,597
29,619
11,383
2,809
8,574
PER SHARE DATA:
Earnings per share ………………………………………. $
Cash dividends declared per share …………….………... $
Book value per share ……………………………………. $
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding …………………………………………..
AVERAGE BALANCE SUMMARY:
2.08
0.84
26.77
$
$
$
2.53
0.84
24.87
$
$
$
1.60
0.84
23.26
$
$
$
1.59
0.82
22.40
$
$
$
2.08
0.89
21.97
4,767,279
4,725,971
4,685,067
4,351,748
4,117,675
Total loans ………………………………………………. $
775,860
Securities(1) ………………………………………………
189,187
Deposits ………………………………………………….
850,400
Other borrowed funds(2) ………………………………….
45,850
122,314
Shareholders’ equity ……………………………………..
Total assets ……………………………………………… 1,035,230
$
773,995
223,390
886,639
48,967
112,393
1,063,256
$
753,204
193,199
845,227
47,663
108,110
1,014,115
$
644,690
196,389
749,054
39,553
98,133
899,209
$
PERIOD END BALANCES:
772,774
Total loans ………………………………………………. $
Securities(1) ………………………………………………
166,761
821,471
Deposits ………………………………………………….
Shareholders’ equity ……………………………………..
128,179
Total assets ……………………………………………… 1,013,272
$
777,052
184,925
846,704
117,874
1,030,493
$
769,319
189,941
856,724
109,361
1,026,290
$
734,901
151,985
790,452
104,528
954,640
$
589,953
188,754
694,218
32,878
88,720
828,444
585,752
155,900
660,746
90,470
796,285
KEY RATIOS:
Return on average assets ……………………...…………
Return on average equity ……………………………......
Dividend payout ratio …………………………………...
Average equity to average assets ………………………..
.96 %
8.10 %
40.37 %
11.82 %
1.12 %
10.63 %
33.20 %
10.57 %
0.74 %
6.95 %
52.36 %
10.66 %
0.77 %
7.05 %
51.79 %
10.91 %
1.03 %
9.66 %
42.74 %
10.71 %
(1) Securities include interest-bearing deposits with banks and restricted investments in bank stocks.
(2) Other borrowed funds include subordinated debentures.
9
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
As of December 31
2019
2018
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Assets
Cash and noninterest-bearing deposits with banks ………….……………………….
Interest-bearing deposits with banks ..............................................................................
Total cash and cash equivalents ............................................................................
$
Certificates of deposit in financial institutions……………………………………….....
Securities available for sale …………………………………………………………….
Securities held to maturity (estimated fair value: 2019 - $12,404; 2018 - $16,234)……
Restricted investments in bank stocks ………………………………………………….
Total loans
.....................................................................................................................
Less: Allowance for loan losses ………………………………………………….
Net loans …………………………………………………………………….
Premises and equipment, net …………………………………………………………..
Premises and equipment held for sale, net ……………………………………………..
Other real estate owned, net …………………………………………………………..
Accrued interest receivable ……………………………………………………………
Goodwill ………………………………………………………………………………
Other intangible assets, net ..……………………………………………………………
Bank owned life insurance and annuity assets ………………………………………..
Operating lease right-of-use asset, net ………………………………………………….
Other assets ……………………………………………………………………………
Total assets ……………………………………………………………….....
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits …………………………………………………………...
Interest-bearing deposits ……………………………………………………………….
Total deposits …..............................................................................................
Other borrowed funds …………………………………………………………………
Subordinated debentures ………………………………………………………………
Operating lease liability ………………………………………………………………...
Accrued liabilities …......................................................................................................
Total liabilities ……………………………………………………………….
$
$
Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (See Note L)
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock ($1.00 stated value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized;
2019 – 5,447,185 shares issued; 2018 - 5,400,065 shares issued) ………………..
Additional paid-in capital ………………………………………………………………
Retained earnings ………………………………………………………………………
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)………………………………………
Treasury stock, at cost (659,739 shares) ………………………………………………
Total shareholders’ equity ………………….………………………………
12,812
39,544
52,356
2,360
105,318
12,033
7,506
772,774
(6,272 )
766,502
19,217
653
540
2,564
7,319
174
30,596
1,053
5,081
1,013,272
222,607
598,864
821,471
33,991
8,500
1,053
20,078
885,093
----
5,447
51,165
86,751
528
(15,712 )
128,179
$
$
$
13,806
57,374
71,180
2,065
102,164
15,816
7,506
777,052
(6,728 )
770,324
14,855
----
430
2,638
7,371
379
29,392
----
6,373
1,030,493
237,821
608,883
846,704
39,713
8,500
----
17,702
912,619
----
5,400
49,477
80,844
(2,135 )
(15,712 )
117,874
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity ……………………………………
$
1,013,272
$
1,030,493
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
10
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
2019
2018
2017
Interest and dividend income:
Loans, including fees …………….……………………………………………………...
Securities:
$
Taxable ……………………………………………………………………………..
Tax exempt …………………………………………………………………………
Dividends …………………………………………………………………………………
Interest-bearing deposits with banks ……………………………………………………
Other interest …………………………………………………………………………….
Interest expense:
Deposits …………………………………………………………………………………..
Other borrowed funds ………………………………………………………………….
Subordinated debentures …………………………………………………………………
Net interest income ……………………………………………………………………..
Provision for loan losses …………………………………………………………………
Net interest income after provision for loan losses …………………………………
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts …………………………………………………….
Trust fees …………………………………………………………………………………
Income from bank owned life insurance and annuity assets …………………………….
Mortgage banking income ………………………………………………………………
Electronic refund check / deposit fees …………………………………………………..
Debit / credit card interchange income ………………………………………………….
Loss on other real estate owned ………………………………………………………….
Net gain on branch divestitures …......................................................................................
Other ……………………………………………………………………………………
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits ………………………………………………………….
Occupancy ………………………………………………………………………………..
Furniture and equipment ………………………………………………………………..
Professional fees ……..………………………………………………………………..
Marketing expense ……..………………………………………………………………..
FDIC insurance …………………………………………………………………………...
Data processing …………………………………………………………………………..
Software ……..…………………………………………………………………………..
Foreclosed assets ………………………………………………………………………..
Amortization of intangibles ……………………………………………………………..
Other …………………………………………………………………………………….
Income before income taxes ……………………………………………………….
Provision for income taxes …………………………………………………………........
NET INCOME ……………………………………………………………....... $
45,766 $
44,365 $
42,182
2,542
344
393
1,221
51
50,317
6,026
883
356
7,265
43,052
1,000
42,052
2,118
264
704
310
5
3,905
(65 )
1,256
669
9,166
23,524
1,771
1,060
2,508
841
113
1,996
1,705
266
206
5,508
39,498
11,720
1,813
9,907 $
2,377
369
440
1,608
38
49,197
4,155
986
330
5,471
43,726
1,039
42,687
2,084
263
717
342
1,579
3,662
(559 )
----
850
8,938
22,191
1,754
1,023
2,016
777
447
2,115
1,533
238
135
5,197
37,426
14,199
2,255
11,944 $
2,116
411
392
582
25
45,708
2,843
884
248
3,975
41,733
2,564
39,169
2,137
240
1,226
265
1,692
3,376
(189 )
----
688
9,435
20,809
1,770
1,049
1,792
1,034
465
2,081
1,486
499
156
5,468
36,609
11,995
4,486
7,509
Earnings per share ………………………………………………………………………. $
2.08 $
2.53 $
1.60
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
11
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands)
2019
2018
2017
NET INCOME …………………………………………………………………….......... $
9,907 $
11,944 $
7,509
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale securities …………………….
Related tax (expense) benefit ………………………………………………………….
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax …………………………….
3,371
(708 )
2,663
(1,373 )
289
(1,084 )
171
(58 )
113
Total comprehensive income …………………………………………………………….
$
12,570 $
10,860 $
7,622
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
12
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Treasury
Stock
Total
Shareholders'
Equity
Balances at January 1, 2017 ……. $
5,326 $
46,788 $
69,117 $
(991 ) $
(15,712 ) $
104,528
Net income ………………………
Other comprehensive
income (loss), net .........................
Common stock issued to ESOP,
15,118 shares ……………………
Common stock issued through
dividend reinvestment,
21,383 shares ………………….
Cash dividends, $.84 per share ……
----
----
15
21
----
----
----
413
694
----
7,509
----
----
----
(3,932 )
----
113
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
7,509
113
428
715
(3,932 )
Balances at December 31, 2017 …
5,362
47,895
72,694
(878 )
(15,712 )
109,361
Net income ………………………..
Other comprehensive
income (loss), net ……………….
Amount reclassified out of
accumulated other comprehensive
income (loss) per ASU 2018-02 ..
Common stock issued to ESOP,
7,294 shares ……………………
Common stock issued through
dividend reinvestment,
30,766 shares ………………….
Cash dividends, $.84 per share ……
----
----
----
7
31
----
----
11,944
----
----
----
(1,084 )
----
----
11,944
(1,084 )
----
288
173
----
(173)
----
----
----
295
1,294
----
----
(3,967 )
----
----
----
----
1,325
(3,967 )
Balances at December 31, 2018 …
5,400
49,477
80,844
(2,135 )
(15,712 )
117,874
Net income ….……………………...
Other comprehensive
income (loss), net .........................
Common stock issued to ESOP,
8,333 shares ...…………..……….
Common stock issued through
dividend reinvestment,
38,787 shares ………...………….
Cash dividends, $.84 per share ……
----
----
8
39
----
----
----
320
9,907
----
----
----
2,663
----
1,368
----
----
(4,000 )
----
----
----
----
----
----
----
9,907
2,663
328
1,407
(4,000 )
Balances at December 31, 2019 … $
5,447 $
51,165 $
86,751 $
528 $
(15,712 ) $
128,179
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
13
2019
2018
2017
9,907 $
11,944 $
7,509
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31
(dollars in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income .………………………………………………………………………………........... $
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of premises and equipment ………………………………………………….....
Net (accretion) of purchase accounting adjustments ………………………………………...
Net amortization of securities ……………………………………………………………......
Proceeds from sale of loans in secondary market ……………………………………………
Loans disbursed for sale in secondary market ………………………………………............
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights …………………………………………………..
Gain on sale of loans …………………………………………………………………………
Amortization of intangible assets ……………………………………………………………
Deferred tax (benefit) expense ……………………………………………………………….
Provision for loan losses ……………………………………………………………………..
Common stock issued to ESOP ………………………………………………………………
Earnings on bank owned life insurance and annuity assets …………………………………
Loss on sale of other real estate owned ……..……………………………………………….
Net write-down of other real estate owned …………………………………………………..
Net gain on branch divestitures ………………………………………………………………
Change in accrued interest receivable ……………………………………………………….
Change in accrued liabilities …………………………………………………………………
Change in other assets ……………………………………………………………………….
Net cash provided by operating activities ……………………………………………….
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of securities available for sale ………………………...
Purchases of securities available for sale ………………………………………………………...
Proceeds from calls and maturities of securities held to maturity ……………………………
Purchases of securities held to maturity ……………………………………………………….....
Proceeds from maturities of certificates of deposit in financial institutions……………………...
Purchases of certificates of deposit in financial institutions……………………………………...
Net change in loans …………………………………………………………………………….
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned …………………………………………………..
Purchases of premises and equipment ………………………………………………………….
Disposals of premises and equipment ………………………………………………………….
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance and annuity assets ……………………………………
Purchases of bank owned life insurance and annuity assets ……………………………………...
Net cash (used in) investing activities ……………………………………………………
Cash flows from financing activities:
Change in deposits ……………………………………………………………………………….
Proceeds from common stock through dividend reinvestment …………………………………
Cash dividends …………………………………………………………………………………....
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings ……………………………………………
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings ……………………………………………
Change in other long-term borrowings ………………………………………………………….
Change in other short-term borrowings ………………………………………………………….
Net cash provided by (used in) by financing activities ………………….……………….
1,183
(494 )
173
9,840
(9,530 )
68
(378 )
206
367
1,000
328
(704 )
57
8
(1,256 )
74
2,376
1,528
14,753
20,199
(20,126 )
3,754
----
----
(295 )
2,323
392
(6,232 )
402
----
(500 )
(83 )
(25,179 )
1,407
(4,000 )
----
(3,676 )
(2,046 )
----
(33,494 )
1,141
(188 )
260
11,034
(10,692 )
55
(397 )
135
(134 )
1,039
295
(717 )
21
538
----
(135 )
1,946
1,996
18,141
21,139
(23,757 )
1,711
----
----
(245 )
(9,981 )
1,132
(2,725 )
----
----
----
(12,726 )
(9,930 )
1,325
(3,967 )
8,000
(3,162 )
(989 )
(85 )
(8,808 )
Cash and cash equivalents:
Change in cash and cash equivalents ……………………………………………………………
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ………………………………………………...
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ……………………………………………….. $
(18,824 )
71,180
52,356 $
(3,393 )
74,573
71,180 $
Supplemental disclosure:
Cash paid for interest …………………………………………………………………………...... $
Cash paid for income taxes ………………………………………………………………………..
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance and annuity assets not settled …………………………
Transfers from loans to other real estate owned ………………………………………………….
Other real estate owned sales financed by The Ohio Valley Bank Company ……………………
Initial recognition of operating lease right-of-use asset ………………………………………….
Operating lease liability arising from obtaining right-of-use asset……………………………….
6,931 $
890
----
570
----
1,280
1,280
5,008 $
2,050
----
547
----
----
----
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
14
1,277
(526 )
378
7,857
(7,592 )
71
(336 )
156
1,907
2,564
428
(1,226 )
134
55
----
(188 )
1,681
347
14,496
20,389
(25,177 )
1,419
(389 )
245
(395 )
(37,918 )
1,466
(1,727 )
----
2,107
(2,200 )
(42,180 )
66,444
715
(3,932 )
4,785
(5,318 )
(459 )
(144 )
62,091
34,407
40,166
74,573
3,724
2,236
1,993
1,337
237
----
----
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Amounts are in thousands, except share and per share data.
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business: Ohio Valley Banc Corp. (“Ohio Valley”) is a financial holding company registered under the Bank
Holding Company Act of 1956. Ohio Valley has one banking subsidiary, The Ohio Valley Bank Company (the “Bank”), an
Ohio state-chartered bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve Bank and is regulated primarily by the Ohio Division of
Financial Institutions and the Federal Reserve Board. Ohio Valley also has a subsidiary that engages in consumer lending
generally to individuals with higher credit risk history, Loan Central, Inc.; a subsidiary insurance agency that facilitates the
receipts of insurance commissions, Ohio Valley Financial Services Agency, LLC; and a limited purpose property and casualty
insurance company, OVBC Captive, Inc. The Bank has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Ohio Valley REO, LLC ("Ohio Valley
REO"), an Ohio limited liability company, to which the Bank transfers certain real estate acquired by the Bank through
foreclosure for sale by Ohio Valley REO. Ohio Valley and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company.”
The Company provides a full range of commercial and retail banking services from 22 offices located in southeastern
Ohio and western West Virginia. It accepts deposits in checking, savings, time and money market accounts and makes
personal, commercial, floor plan, student, construction and real estate loans. Substantially all loans are secured by specific
items of collateral, including business assets, consumer assets, and commercial and residential real estate. Commercial loans
are expected to be repaid from cash flow from business operations. The Company also offers safe deposit boxes, wire transfers
and other standard banking products and services. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (“FDIC”). In addition to accepting deposits and making loans, the Bank invests in U. S. Government and agency
obligations, interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions and investments permitted by applicable law.
The Bank’s trust department provides a wide variety of fiduciary services for trusts, estates and benefit plans and also
provides investment and security services as an agent for its customers.
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ohio Valley and its wholly-owned
subsidiaries, the Bank, Loan Central, Inc., Ohio Valley Financial Services Agency, LLC, and OVBC Captive, Inc. All material
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Industry Segment Information: Internal financial information is primarily reported and aggregated in two lines of business,
banking and consumer finance.
Use of Estimates: To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.,
management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the
amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, noninterest-bearing deposits with banks, federal
funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks with maturity terms of less than 90 days. Generally, federal funds are
purchased and sold for one-day periods. The Company reports net cash flows for customer loan transactions, deposit
transactions, short-term borrowings and interest-bearing deposits with other financial institutions.
Certificates of deposit in financial institutions: Certificates of deposit in financial institutions are carried at cost and have
maturity terms of 90 days or greater. The longest maturity date is September 19, 2022.
Securities: The Company classifies securities into held to maturity and available for sale categories. Held to maturity securities
are those which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost. Securities
classified as available for sale include securities that could be sold for liquidity, investment management or similar reasons
even if there is not a present intention of such a sale. Available for sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized
gains or losses included in other comprehensive income, net of tax.
Premium amortization is deducted from, and discount accretion is added to, interest income on securities using the
level yield method without anticipating prepayments, except for mortgage-backed securities where prepayments are
anticipated. Gains and losses are recognized upon the sale of specific identified securities on the completed trade date.
15
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments of Securities: In determining an other-than-temporary
impairment (“OTTI”),
management considers many factors, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than
cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by
macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be
required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether an OTTI decline exists involves a
high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.
When an OTTI occurs, the amount of the OTTI recognized in earnings depends on whether an entity intends to sell
the security or it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, less
any current-period credit loss. If an entity intends to sell or it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before
recovery of its amortized cost basis, less any current-period credit loss, the OTTI shall be recognized in earnings equal to the
entire difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date. If an entity does not
intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery
of its amortized cost basis less any current-period loss, the OTTI shall be separated into the amount representing the credit loss
and the amount related to all other factors. The amount of the total OTTI related to the credit loss is determined based on the
present value of cash flows expected to be collected and is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total OTTI related to
other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. The previous amortized cost basis less the
OTTI recognized in earnings becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment.
Restricted Investments in Bank Stocks: The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”)
system. Additionally, the Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) system. Members are required to own a
certain amount of stock based on their level of borrowings and other factors and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock
and FRB stock are carried at cost, classified as restricted securities, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate
recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income. The Company has additional investments in other
restricted bank stocks that are not material to the financial statements.
Loans: Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are
reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of unearned interest, deferred loan fees and costs, and an allowance for loan
losses. Interest income is reported on an accrual basis using the interest method and includes amortization of net deferred loan
fees and costs over the loan term using the level yield method without anticipating prepayments. The amount of the Company’s
recorded investment is not materially different than the amount of unpaid principal balance for loans.
Interest income is discontinued and the loan moved to non-accrual status when full loan repayment is in doubt,
typically when the loan is impaired or payments are past due 90 days or over unless the loan is well-secured or in process of
collection. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-
off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days
or over and still accruing include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and
individually classified impaired loans.
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest
received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis method until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to
accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are
reasonably assured.
The Bank also originates long-term, fixed-rate mortgage loans, with full intention of being sold to the secondary
market. These loans are considered held for sale during the period of time after the principal has been advanced to the borrower
by the Bank, but before the Bank has been reimbursed by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, typically within a
few business days. Loans sold to the secondary market are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. As of December
31, 2019, there were no loans held for sale by the Bank, as compared to $108 in loans held for sale at December 31, 2018.
16
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Allowance for Loan Losses: The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan
losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is
confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance
required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations
and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific
loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off.
The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are
individually classified as impaired. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the
Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which
the terms have been modified and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties are considered troubled debt
restructurings and classified as impaired.
Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the
probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment
delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment
delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan
and the borrower, including the length and reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of
shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.
Commercial and commercial real estate loans are individually evaluated for impairment. If a loan is impaired, a
portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using
the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Smaller balance
homogeneous loans, such as consumer and most residential real estate, are collectively evaluated for impairment, and
accordingly, they are not separately identified for impairment disclosure. Troubled debt restructurings are measured at the
present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is
considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported, net, at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt
restructurings that subsequently default, the Company determines the amount of reserve in accordance with the accounting
policy for the allowance for loan losses.
The general component covers non-impaired loans and impaired loans that are not individually reviewed for
impairment and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined
by portfolio segment and is based on the actual loss history experienced by the Company over the most recent 3 years for the
consumer and real estate portfolio segment and 5 years for the commercial portfolio segment. The total loan portfolio’s actual
loss experience is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These
economic factors include consideration of the following: levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of
and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of any changes in risk selection and
underwriting standards; other changes in lending policies, procedures, and practices; experience, ability, and depth of lending
management and other relevant staff; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; and effects of
changes in credit concentrations. The following portfolio segments have been identified: Commercial and Industrial,
Commercial Real Estate, Residential Real Estate, and Consumer.
Commercial and industrial loans consist of borrowings for commercial purposes to individuals, corporations,
partnerships, sole proprietorships, and other business enterprises. Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured by
business assets such as equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, or any other asset excluding real estate and generally made
to finance capital expenditures or operations. The Company’s risk exposure is related to deterioration in the value of collateral
securing the loan should foreclosure become necessary. Generally, business assets used or produced in operations do not
maintain their value upon foreclosure, which may require the Company to write down the value significantly to sell.
Commercial real estate consists of nonfarm, nonresidential loans secured by owner-occupied and nonowner-occupied
commercial real estate as well as commercial construction loans. An owner-occupied loan relates to a borrower purchased
building or space for which the repayment of principal is dependent upon cash flows from the ongoing business operations
conducted by the party, or an affiliate of the party, who owns the property. Owner-occupied loans that are dependent on cash
flows from operations can be adversely affected by current market conditions for their product or service. A nonowner-
17
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
occupied loan is a property loan for which the repayment of principal is dependent upon rental income associated with the
property or the subsequent sale of the property. Nonowner-occupied loans that are dependent upon rental income are primarily
impacted by local economic conditions which dictate occupancy rates and the amount of rent charged. Commercial
construction loans consist of borrowings to purchase and develop raw land into 1-4 family residential properties. Construction
loans are extended to individuals as well as corporations for the construction of an individual or multiple properties and are
secured by raw land and the subsequent improvements. Repayment of the loans to real estate developers is dependent upon
the sale of properties to third parties in a timely fashion upon completion. Should there be delays in construction or a downturn
in the market for those properties, there may be significant erosion in value which may be absorbed by the Company.
Residential real estate loans consist of loans to individuals for the purchase of 1-4 family primary residences with
repayment primarily through wage or other income sources of the individual borrower. The Company’s loss exposure to these
loans is dependent on local market conditions for residential properties as loan amounts are determined, in part, by the fair
value of the property at origination.
Consumer loans are comprised of loans to individuals secured by automobiles, open-end home equity loans and other
loans to individuals for household, family, and other personal expenditures, both secured and unsecured. These loans typically
have maturities of 6 years or less with repayment dependent on individual wages and income. The risk of loss on consumer
loans is elevated as the collateral securing these loans, if any, rapidly depreciate in value or may be worthless and/or difficult
to locate if repossession is necessary. The Company has allocated the highest percentage of its allowance for loan losses as a
percentage of loans to the other identified loan portfolio segments due to the larger dollar balances associated with such
portfolios.
At December 31, 2019, there were no changes to the accounting policies or methodologies within any of the
Company’s loan portfolio segments from the prior period.
Concentrations of Credit Risk: The Company grants residential, consumer and commercial loans to customers located
primarily in the southeastern Ohio and western West Virginia areas.
The following represents the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio as of December 31:
% of Total Loans
2018
2019
Residential real estate loans ………………………. 40.15 %
39.13 %
27.84 %
28.75 %
Commercial real estate loans ……………………..
18.16 % 18.46 %
Consumer loans ………………………………….
12.94 %
14.57 %
Commercial and industrial loans ……………........
100.00 % 100.00 %
Approximately 5.00% of total loans were unsecured at December 31, 2019, down from 5.02% at December 31, 2018.
The Bank, in the normal course of its operations, conducts business with correspondent financial institutions. Balances
in correspondent accounts, investments in federal funds, certificates of deposit and other short-term securities are closely
monitored to ensure that prudent levels of credit and liquidity risks are maintained. At December 31, 2019, the Bank’s primary
correspondent balance was $38,095 on deposit at the Federal Reserve Bank, Cleveland, Ohio.
Premises and Equipment: Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation,
which is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the owned asset and, for leasehold
improvement, over the remaining term of the leased facility, whichever is shorter. The useful lives range from 3 to 8 years for
equipment, furniture and fixtures and 7 to 39 years for buildings and improvements.
Foreclosed assets: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell
when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer
mortgage loan occurs when legal title is obtained upon completion of foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in
the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. These
18
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. If fair value declines subsequent
to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through expense. Operating costs after acquisition are expensed. Foreclosed
assets totaled $540 and $430 at December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Goodwill: Goodwill arises from business combinations and is generally determined as the excess of the fair value of the
consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets
acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill acquired in a purchase business combination and
determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually. Goodwill is the only
intangible asset with an indefinite life on our balance sheet. The Company has selected December 31 as the date to perform its
annual qualitative impairment test. Given that the Company has been profitable and had positive equity, the qualitative
assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of goodwill was more than the carrying amount, resulting
in no impairment.
Long-term Assets: Premises and equipment and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their
carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value.
Mortgage Servicing Rights: A mortgage servicing right (“MSR”) is a contractual agreement where the right to service a
mortgage loan is sold by the original lender to another party. When the Company sells mortgage loans to the secondary market,
it retains the servicing rights to these loans. The Company’s MSR is recognized separately when acquired through sales of
loans and is initially recorded at fair value with the income statement effect recorded in mortgage banking income.
Subsequently, the MSR is then amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated future servicing income of the
underlying loan. The MSR is then evaluated for impairment periodically based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to
the carrying amount, with any impairment being recognized through a valuation allowance. Fair value of the MSR is based on
market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts. Impairment is determined by stratifying rights into groupings based
on predominant risk characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. If the Company later determines that all
or a portion of the impairment no longer exists for a particular grouping, a reduction of the allowance may be recorded as an
increase to income. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s MSR assets were $357 and $368, respectively.
Earnings Per Share: Earnings per share is based on net income divided by the following weighted average number of common
shares outstanding during the periods: 4,767,279 for 2019; 4,725,971 for 2018; 4,685,067 for 2017. Ohio Valley had no dilutive
effect and no potential common shares issuable under stock options or other agreements for any period presented.
Income Taxes: Income tax expense is the sum of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax
assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. The effect on deferred
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized at the time of enactment of such change in tax rates. A valuation
allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts
and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) was enacted, which, among other things, reduced the federal income tax rate from 34% to 21% effective
January 1, 2018. This required the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities to be revalued using the 21% federal tax rate
enacted. The effect was recorded in the fourth quarter tax provision of 2017.
A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in
a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit
that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test,
no tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax
expense.
Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other
comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale which are also recognized as
separate components of equity, net of tax.
Loss Contingencies: Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are
recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.
Management does not believe there now are such matters that will have a material effect on the financial statements.
19
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Bank Owned Life Insurance and Annuity Assets: The Company has purchased life insurance policies on certain key
executives. Bank owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance
sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.
The Company also purchased an annuity investment for a certain key executive that earns interest.
Employee Stock Ownership Plan: Compensation expense is based on the market price of shares as they are committed to be
allocated to participant accounts.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan: The Company maintains a Dividend Reinvestment Plan. The plan enables shareholders to elect
to have their cash dividends on all or a portion of shares held automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Company’s
common stock. The stock is issued out of the Company’s authorized shares and credited to participant accounts at fair market
value. Dividends are reinvested on a quarterly basis.
Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments: Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments,
such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face
amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. These
financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. See Note L for more specific disclosure related to loan commitments.
Dividend Restrictions: Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the
Bank to Ohio Valley or by Ohio Valley to its shareholders. See Note P for more specific disclosure related to dividend
restrictions.
Restrictions on Cash: Cash on hand or on deposit with a third-party correspondent and the Federal Reserve Bank of $38,794
and $60,167 was required to meet regulatory reserve and clearing requirements at year-end 2019 and 2018. The balances on
deposit with a third-party correspondent do not earn interest.
Derivatives: At the inception of a derivative contract, the Company designates the derivative as one of three types based on
the Company’s intentions and belief as to likely effectiveness as a hedge. These three types are (1) a hedge of the fair value of
a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (“fair value hedge”), (2) a hedge of a forecasted
transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”),
or (3) an instrument with no hedging designation (“stand-alone derivative”).
Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest
expense, based on the item being hedged. Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are
reported in noninterest income. Cash flows on hedges are classified in the cash flow statement the same as the cash flows of
the items being hedged.
At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s only derivatives on hand were interest rate swaps, which are
classified as stand-alone derivatives. See Note H for more specific disclosures related to interest rate swaps.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and
other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in Note O. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant
judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for
particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.
Revenue Recognition: ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” ASC 606 provides that an entity should
recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration
to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance enumerates five steps that
entities should follow in achieving this core principle. Revenue generated from financial instruments, such as interest and
dividends on loans and investment securities, are not included in the scope of ASC 606. The adoption of ASC 606 did not result
in a change to the accounting for any of the Company’s revenue streams that are within the scope of the amendments. The
Company’s services that fall within the scope of ASC 606 are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies its obligation to
the customer. All of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 are presented in the
Company’s consolidated statements of income as components of non-interest income. The list below describes the specific
20
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
revenue stream under ASC 606, which corresponds directly to the line item within the statement of income in which it is being
included:
Service charges on deposit accounts – these include general service fees charged for deposit account maintenance and activity
and transaction-based fees charged for certain services, such as debit card, wire transfer, or overdraft activities. Revenue is
recognized when the performance obligation is completed, which is generally after a transaction is completed or monthly for
account maintenance services.
Trust fees - this includes periodic fees due from trust customers for managing the customers' financial assets. Fees are generally
charged on a quarterly or annual basis and are recognized ratably throughout the period, as the services are provided on an
ongoing basis.
Electronic refund check/deposit fees – A tax refund clearing agreement between the Bank and a tax refund product provider
requires the Bank to process electronic refund checks and electronic refund deposits presented for payment on behalf of
taxpayers through accounts containing taxpayer refunds. The Bank, in turn, receives a fee paid by the third-party tax software
provider for each transaction that is processed. The amount of fees received are tiered based on the tax refund product selected.
Since the Bank acts as a sub servicer in the tax process relationship, a portion of the fee collected is passed on to the tax refund
product provider.
Debit/credit card interchange income – includes interchange income from cardholder transactions conducted with merchants,
throughout various interchange networks with which the Company participates. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions
represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, as transaction processing services are
provided to the deposit customer. Gross fees from interchange are recorded in operating income separately from gross network
costs, which are recorded in operating expense.
Gain (loss) on other real estate owned – the Company records a gain or loss from the sale of other real estate owned (“OREO”)
when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When the Company
finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, the Company assesses whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations
under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset
is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining
the gain or loss on the sale, the Company adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing
component is present.
All of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 listed above pertained to
the banking segment, with no revenue impact recognized from the consumer finance segment during the periods presented.
Reclassifications: The consolidated financial statements for 2018 and 2017 have been reclassified to conform with the
presentation for 2019. These reclassifications had no effect on the net results of operations or shareholders’ equity.
Adoption of New Accounting Standard Updates (“ASU”): On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, “Leases”,
which requires the recognition of the right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and related operating and finance lease liabilities on the
balance sheet. As permitted by ASU 2016-02, the Company applied the optional transition method and elected the adoption
date of January 1, 2019. As a result, the consolidated balance sheet prior to January 1, 2019 was not restated and continues to
be reported under the old guidance, which did not require the recognition of operating leases on the balance sheet. Therefore,
the consolidated balance sheet for 2019 is not comparative to 2018.
As permitted by ASU 2016-02, the Company elected the package of practical expedients that permits the Company to
not reassess (1) whether a contract is or contains a lease, (2) the classification of existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for
any existing leases. As a result, leases entered into prior to January 1, 2019 were accounted for under the old guidance and
were not reassessed. For lease contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2019, the Company will assess whether the contract
is or contains a lease based on (1) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct, identified asset, (2) whether the Company
obtains the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of asset, and (3) whether the Company has the right to
direct the use of asset.
The adoption of ASU 2016-02 had a substantial impact to our consolidated balance sheet, primarily from the
recognition of the operating lease ROU assets and the liability for operating leases. Operating leases consist primarily of branch
buildings and office space for both the Bank and Loan Central. The Company has no finance leases. ROU assets represent our
right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising
from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities were both recognized based on the present value of future lease
21
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note A - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
payments, discounted with an incremental borrowing rate for the same term as the underlying lease. The present value of future
minimum lease payments also includes any options noted within the lease terms to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain
the Company will exercise that option. The Company elected to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off of the
consolidated balance sheet and recognize those lease payments in the consolidated statements of income on a straight-line basis
over the lease term. Leases that contain variable lease payments, including payments based on an index or rate, are initially
measured using the index or rate in effect at the commencement date. Additional payments based on the change in an index or
rate are recorded as a period expense when incurred. Upon adoption, the Company recorded an adjustment of $1,280 to
operating ROU assets and the related lease liability. For additional information on leases, see Note E.
Beginning January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2017-08, “Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable
Debt Securities Receivables”, which requires the amortization of the premium on callable debt securities to the earliest call
date. The amortization period for callable debt securities purchased at a discount was not be impacted by the ASU. This ASU
did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Accounting Guidance to be Adopted in Future Periods: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial
Instruments - Credit Losses”. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to replace the current “incurred loss” model with an “expected
loss” model, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model. These expected credit losses for financial
assets held at the reporting date are to be based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable
forecasts. This ASU will also require enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better
understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting
standards of an entity’s portfolio. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements that provide additional
information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. A CECL steering committee has developed a CECL model
and is evaluating the source data, various credit loss methodologies and model results in relation to the new ASU guidance.
Management expects to recognize a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses as of the beginning
of the first reporting period in which the new standard is effective. Management expects the adoption will result in a material
increase to the allowance for loan losses balance. At this time, the impact is being evaluated. On October 16, 2019, the FASB
confirmed it would delay the effective date of this ASU for smaller reporting companies, such as the Company, until fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2022.
22
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note B - Securities
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale and securities held to
maturity at December 31, 2019 and 2018 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and gross unrecognized gains and losses:
Securities Available for Sale
December 31, 2019
U.S. Government sponsored entity securities …………………
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………
Total securities …………………………………………..
December 31, 2018
U.S. Government sponsored entity securities …………………
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………
Total securities …………………………………………..
Securities Held to Maturity
December 31, 2019
Obligations of states and political subdivisions ……………….
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………
Total securities …………………………………………..
December 31, 2018
Obligations of states and political subdivisions ……………….
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………
Total securities ……………………………………………
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
16,579 $
88,071
104,650 $
163 $
807
970 $
(6 ) $
(296 )
(302 ) $
16,736
88,582
105,318
16,837 $
88,030
104,867 $
8 $
92
100 $
(215 ) $
(2,588 )
(2,803 ) $
16,630
85,534
102,164
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrecognized
Gains
Gross
Unrecognized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
12,031 $
2
12,033 $
15,813 $
3
15,816 $
372 $
----
372 $
502 $
----
502 $
(1 ) $
----
(1 ) $
12,402
2
12,404
(84 ) $
----
(84 ) $
16,231
3
16,234
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
At year-end 2019 and 2018, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government
and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity.
There were no sales of debt securities during 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Securities with a carrying value of approximately $78,418 at December 31, 2019 and $79,443 at December 31, 2018
were pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.
Unrealized losses on the Company’s debt securities have not been recognized into income because the issuers’
securities are of high credit quality as of December 31, 2019, and management does not intend to sell and it is likely that
management will not be required to sell the securities prior to their anticipated recovery. Management does not believe any
individual unrealized loss at December 31, 2019 and 2018 represents an other-than-temporary impairment.
23
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note B - Securities (continued)
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December 31, 2019, by contractual maturity, are
shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain issuers may have the right to call or
prepay the debt obligations prior to their contractual maturities. Securities not due at a single maturity are shown separately.
Debt Securities:
Available for Sale
Held to Maturity
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair
Value
Due in one year or less ………………………………………..
Due in one to five years ………………………………………
Due in five to ten years ……………………………………….
Due after ten years ……………………………………………
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ……………..
Total debt securities …………………………………….
$
$
3,399 $
13,180
----
----
88,071
104,650 $
3,413 $
13,323
----
----
88,582
105,318 $
641 $
6,652
4,738
----
2
12,033 $
644
6,813
4,945
----
2
12,404
The following table summarizes securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position:
December 31, 2019
Securities Available for Sale
U.S. Government sponsored entity
Less than 12 Months
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
12 Months or More
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
Total
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
securities ………………………. $
---- $
---- $
1,999 $
(6 ) $
1,999 $
(6 )
Agency mortgage-backed securities,
residential ……………………...
Total available for sale …... $
15,041
15,041 $
(84 )
(84 ) $
21,344
23,343 $
(212 )
(218 ) $
36,385
38,384 $
(296 )
(302 )
Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of states and political
Less than 12 Months
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
12 Months or More
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
Total
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
subdivisions …………………… $
Total held to maturity ……. $
204 $
204 $
(1 ) $
(1 ) $
---- $
---- $
---- $
---- $
204 $
204 $
(1 )
(1 )
December 31, 2018
Securities Available for Sale
U.S. Government sponsored entity
Less than 12 Months
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
12 Months or More
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
Total
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Loss
securities ………………………. $
1,981 $
(1 ) $
8,679 $
(214 ) $
10,660 $
(215 )
Agency mortgage-backed securities,
residential ……………………...
Total available for sale …... $
8,564
10,545 $
(43 )
(44 ) $
62,619
71,298 $
(2,545 )
(2,759 ) $
71,183
81,843 $
(2,588 )
(2,803 )
Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of states and political
Less than 12 Months
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
12 Months or More
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
Total
Fair
Value
Unrecognized
Loss
subdivisions …………………… $
Total held to maturity ……. $
484 $
484 $
(3 ) $
(3 ) $
1,312 $
1,312 $
(81 ) $
(81 ) $
1,796 $
1,796 $
(84 )
(84 )
24
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans are comprised of the following at December 31:
Residential real estate …………………………………………………………………………..
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ……………………………………………………………………………..
Nonowner-occupied …………………………………………………………………………
Construction …………………………………………………………………………………
Commercial and industrial …………………………………………………………………….
Consumer:
Automobile ……………………………………………………………………………………
Home equity …………………………………………………………………………………
Other …………………………………………………………………………………………
Less: Allowance for loan losses ………………………………………………………………
2019
2018
$
310,253 $
304,079
55,825
131,398
34,913
100,023
63,770
22,882
53,710
772,774
(6,272 )
61,694
117,188
37,478
113,243
70,226
22,512
50,632
777,052
(6,728 )
Loans, net ………………………………………………………………………………………
$
766,502 $
770,324
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:
December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance ………………………………. $
Provision for loan losses ……...............................
Loans charged off ……………………………….
Recoveries ……………………………………….
Total ending allowance balance …………… $
Residential
Real Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Commercial
& Industrial Consumer
Total
1,583 $
98
(1,060 )
629
1,250 $
2,186
$
(1,745 )
(602 )
2,089
1,928
$
1,063 $
1,807
(1,513 )
90
1,447 $
1,896 $
840
(1,917 )
828
1,647 $
6,728
1,000
(5,092 )
3,636
6,272
December 31, 2018
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance ………………………………. $
Provision for loan losses ……...............................
Loans charged off ……………………………….
Recoveries ……………………………………….
Total ending allowance balance …………… $
Residential
Real Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Commercial
& Industrial Consumer
Total
1,470 $
772
(874 )
215
1,583 $
2,978
$
(1,311 )
(4 )
523
2,186
$
1,024 $
(80 )
(208 )
327
1,063 $
2,027 $
1,658
(2,514 )
725
1,896 $
7,499
1,039
(3,600 )
1,790
6,728
December 31, 2017
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance ………………………………. $
Provision for loan losses ……...............................
Loans charged off ……………………………….
Recoveries ……………………………………….
Total ending allowance balance …………… $
Residential
Real Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Commercial
& Industrial Consumer
Total
939 $
1,016
(745 )
260
1,470 $
$
4,315
(632 )
(1,067 )
362
2,978
$
907 $
658
(627 )
86
1,024 $
1,538 $
1,522
(1,642 )
609
2,027 $
7,699
2,564
(4,081 )
1,317
7,499
25
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment of loans by
portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:
December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Residential
Real Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Commercial
& Industrial Consumer
Total
Individually evaluated for impairment….……...... $
Collectively evaluated for impairment……….......
Total ending allowance balance………………. $
---- $
1,250
1,250 $
385 $
1,543
1,928 $
303 $
1,144
1,447 $
119 $
1,528
1,647 $
807
5,465
6,272
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment ……… $
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment ………
Total ending loans balance…….………………. $
438 $
309,815
310,253 $
11,300 $
210,836
222,136 $
4,910 $
95,113
100,023 $
487 $
139,875
140,362 $
17,135
755,639
772,774
December 31, 2018
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Residential
Real Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Commercial
& Industrial Consumer
Total
Individually evaluated for impairment….……...... $
Collectively evaluated for impairment……….......
Total ending allowance balance………………. $
---- $
1,583
1,583 $
98 $
2,088
2,186 $
---- $
1,063
1,063 $
---- $
1,896
1,896 $
98
6,630
6,728
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment ……… $
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment ………
Total ending loans balance…….………………. $
1,667 $
302,412
304,079 $
3,835 $
212,525
216,360 $
7,116 $
106,127
113,243 $
---- $
143,370
143,370 $
12,618
764,434
777,052
26
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as
of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:
December 31, 2019
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ……………… $
Commercial and industrial ……….
Consumer:
Automobile ……………………..
Other ……………………………
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential real estate ……………
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ………………
Nonowner-occupied …………..
Construction ………………….
Commercial and industrial ……….
Consumer:
Home equity ……………………
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded
Investment
Allowance
for
Loan Losses
Allocated
Average
Impaired
Loans
Interest
Income
Recognized
Cash Basis
Interest
Recognized
2,030 $
4,861
2,030 $
4,861
8
111
8
111
385 $
303
8
111
1,375 $
4,796
2
22
197 $
319
----
9
197
319
----
9
438
438
----
453
23
23
1,778
7,492
319
49
1,778
7,492
----
49
368
368
----
----
----
----
----
1,902
6,160
----
300
143
113
477
20
111
19
113
477
20
111
19
Total ………………………………… $
17,454 $
17,135 $
807 $
15,153 $
1,288 $
1,288
December 31, 2018
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate:
Nonowner-occupied ……………. $
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential real estate ……………
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ………………
Nonowner-occupied …………..
Construction ………………….
Commercial and industrial ……….
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded
Investment
Allowance
for
Loan Losses
Allocated
Average
Impaired
Loans
Interest
Income
Recognized
Cash Basis
Interest
Recognized
362 $
362 $
98 $
367 $
15 $
15
1,667
1,667
----
511
101
101
2,527
2,368
336
7,116
2,527
946
----
7,116
----
----
----
----
2,475
1,912
----
5,802
141
57
20
414
141
57
20
414
Total ………………………………… $
14,376 $
12,618 $
98 $
11,067 $
748 $
748
27
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
December 31, 2017
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial real estate:
Nonowner-occupied ………….. $
With no related allowance recorded:
Residential real estate ……………
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ………………
Nonowner-occupied …………..
Construction ………………….
Commercial and industrial ……….
Consumer:
Home equity ………………….
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Recorded
Investment
Allowance
for
Loan Losses
Allocated
Average
Impaired
Loans
Interest
Income
Recognized
Cash Basis
Interest
Recognized
372 $
372 $
94 $
378 $
17 $
1,420
1,420
----
851
66
3,427
4,989
352
9,154
3,427
3,534
----
9,154
----
----
----
----
2,456
3,521
----
8,544
184
81
19
481
203
201
----
208
7
17
66
184
81
19
481
7
Total ………………………………… $
19,917 $
18,108 $
94 $
15,958 $
855 $
855
The recorded investment of a loan is its carrying value excluding accrued interest and deferred loan fees.
Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing include both smaller balance homogenous
loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified as impaired loans.
The Company transfers loans to other real estate owned, at fair value less cost to sell, in the period the Company
obtains physical possession of the property (through legal title or through a deed in lieu). As of December 31, 2019 and
December 31, 2018, other real estate owned for residential real estate properties totaled $68 and $134, respectively. In addition,
nonaccrual residential mortgage loans that are in the process of foreclosure had a recorded investment of $1,780 and $2,375 as
of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The following table presents the recorded investment of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still
accruing by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:
Loans Past Due 90 Days
And Still Accruing
Nonaccrual
December 31, 2019
Residential real estate …………………………………………………... $
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ………………………………………………………
Nonowner-occupied …………………………………………………
Construction ………………………………………………………….
Commercial and industrial …………………………………………….
Consumer:
Automobile ………………………………………………………….
Home equity …………………………………………………………..
Other ………………………………………………………………….
Total ……………………………………………………………………… $
255
----
----
----
----
239
----
395
889
$
$
6,119
863
804
229
590
61
392
91
9,149
28
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
Loans Past Due 90 Days
And Still Accruing
Nonaccrual
December 31, 2018
Residential real estate …………………………………………………... $
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ………………………………………………………
Nonowner-occupied …………………………………………………
Construction ………………………………………………………….
Commercial and industrial …………………………………………….
Consumer:
Automobile ………………………………………………………….
Home equity …………………………………………………………..
Other ………………………………………………………………….
Total ……………………………………………………………………… $
19
----
362
66
31
270
91
228
1,067
$
$
6,661
470
574
416
228
59
183
86
8,677
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment of past due loans by class of loans as of December
31, 2019 and 2018:
December 31, 2019
Residential real estate ……………. $
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ……………….
Nonowner-occupied …………..
Construction …………………..
Commercial and industrial ……….
Consumer:
Automobile ……………………
Home equity …………………..
Other ………………………….
30-59
Days
Past Due
60-89
Days
Past Due
90 Days
Or More
Past Due
Total
Past Due
Loans Not
Past Due
Total
4,015 $
1,314 $
1,782 $
7,111 $
303,142 $
310,253
383
12
186
1,320
986
106
559
59
----
19
312
329
18
139
144
697
49
241
246
279
443
586
709
254
1,873
1,561
403
1,141
55,239
130,689
34,659
98,150
62,209
22,479
52,569
55,825
131,398
34,913
100,023
63,770
22,882
53,710
Total ……………………………….. $
7,567 $
2,190 $
3,881 $
13,638 $
759,136 $
772,774
December 31, 2018
Residential real estate ……………. $
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied ……………….
Nonowner-occupied …………..
Construction …………………..
Commercial and industrial ……….
Consumer:
Automobile ……………………
Home equity …………………..
Other ………………………….
30-59
Days
Past Due
60-89
Days
Past Due
90 Days
Or More
Past Due
Total
Past Due
Loans Not
Past Due
Total
3,369 $
1,183 $
1,642 $
6,194 $
297,885 $
304,079
298
299
31
428
1,287
171
593
----
----
----
192
286
92
291
129
747
265
110
289
260
228
427
1,046
296
730
1,862
523
1,112
61,267
116,142
37,182
112,513
68,364
21,989
49,520
61,694
117,188
37,478
113,243
70,226
22,512
50,632
Total ……………………………….. $
6,476 $
2,044 $
3,670 $
12,190 $
764,862 $
777,052
29
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
Troubled Debt Restructurings:
A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) occurs when the Company has agreed to a loan modification in the form of a
concession for a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. All TDRs are considered to be impaired. The modification
of the terms of such loans included one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan; an
extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk; a
reduction in the contractual principal and interest payments of the loan; or short-term interest-only payment terms.
The Company has allocated reserves for a portion of its TDRs to reflect the fair values of the underlying collateral or
the present value of the concessionary terms granted to the customer.
The following table presents the types of TDR loan modifications by class of loans as of December 31, 2019 and
December 31, 2018:
December 31, 2019
Residential real estate:
TDRs
Performing to
Modified
Terms
TDRs Not
Performing to
Modified
Terms
Total
TDRs
Interest only payments ………………………………………………………..
$
209 $
---- $
209
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
Interest only payments ……………………………………………………….
Reduction of principal and interest payments …………………………………
Maturity extension at lower stated rate than market rate ……………………..
Credit extension at lower stated rate than market rate ………………………..
Nonowner-occupied
Credit extension at lower stated rate than market rate ………………………..
Commercial and industrial
882
1,521
393
393
----
----
----
----
882
1,521
393
393
395
----
395
Interest only payments ………………………………………………………
Reduction of principal and interest payments ………………………………..
Total TDRs ……………………………………………………………………………
$
4,574
185
8,552 $
----
----
---- $
4,574
185
8,552
TDRs
Performing to
Modified
Terms
TDRs Not
Performing to
Modified
Terms
Total
TDRs
December 31, 2018
Residential real estate:
Interest only payments ………………………………………………………..
$
216 $
---- $
216
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
Interest only payments ……………………………………………………….
Reduction of principal and interest payments …………………………………
Maturity extension at lower stated rate than market rate ……………………..
Credit extension at lower stated rate than market rate ………………………..
Nonowner-occupied
Interest only payments ………………………………………………………..
Rate reduction ………………………………………………………………..
Credit extension at lower stated rate than market rate ………………………..
Commercial and industrial
968
529
469
402
----
----
561
Interest only payments ………………………………………………………
Total TDRs ……………………………………………………………………………
$
4,742
7,887 $
----
----
----
385
362
----
----
747 $
968
529
469
402
385
362
561
4,742
8,634
30
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
At December 31, 2019, the balance in TDR loans decreased $82, or 1.0%, from year-end 2018. The Company’s
specific allocations in reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified in TDRs totaled $227 at December 31, 2019,
as compared to $98 in reserves at December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2019, the Company had $941 in commitments to lend
additional amounts to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs, as compared to $758 at December 31,
2018.
There were no TDR loan modifications that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2018. The following tables
present the pre- and post-modification balances of TDR loan modifications by class of loans that occurred during the years
ended December 31, 2019 and 2017:
TDRs
Performing to Modified
Terms
TDRs Not
Performing to Modified
Terms
Number
of
Loans
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
Reduction of principal and interest payments …………….
1
$
1,036 $
1,036 $
---- $
Commercial and industrial:
Reduction of principal and interest payments …………….
1
199
199
----
Total TDRs ……………....……………………………………….
2
$
1,235 $
1,235 $
---- $
----
----
----
The TDRs described above increased the provision expense and the allowance for loan losses by $185 during the year
ended December 31, 2019, with no corresponding charge-offs.
TDRs
Performing to Modified
Terms
TDRs Not
Performing to Modified
Terms
Number
of
Loans
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment
December 31, 2017
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
Interest only payments …………………………………….
Credit extension at lower stated rate than market rate …….
1
1
$
997 $
412
997 $
412
---- $
----
Total TDRs ……………....………………………………………..
2
$
1,409 $
1,409 $
---- $
----
----
----
The TDRs described above had no impact on the allowance for loan losses and resulted in no charge-offs during the
year ended December 31, 2017.
The Company had no TDRs that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017 that
experienced any payment defaults within twelve months following their loan modification. During the twelve months ended
December 31, 2018, a commercial real estate TDR totaling $362 became past due 90 days or more. Excluding this $362
commercial real estate loan, there were no other TDRs described above at December 31, 2018 that experienced any payment
defaults within twelve months following their loan modification. A default is considered to have occurred once the TDR is
past due 90 days or more or it has been placed on nonaccrual. TDR loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal
and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
31
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
The terms of certain other loans were modified during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 that did not meet
the definition of a TDR. These loans have a total recorded investment of $50,586 as of December 31, 2019 and $28,738 as of
December 31, 2018. The modification of these loans primarily involved the modification of the terms of a loan to borrowers
who were not experiencing financial difficulties.
Credit Quality Indicators:
The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to
service their debt, such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public
information, and current economic trends, among other factors. These risk categories are represented by a loan grading scale
from 1 through 11. The Company analyzes loans individually with a higher credit risk rating and groups these loans into
categories called “criticized” and ”classified” assets. The Company considers its criticized assets to be loans that are graded 8
and its classified assets to be loans that are graded 9 through 11. The Company’s risk categories are reviewed at least annually
on loans that have aggregate borrowing amounts that meet or exceed $750.
The Company uses the following definitions for its criticized loan risk ratings:
Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention indicate considerable risk due to deterioration of repayment (in the
earliest stages) due to potential weak primary repayment source, or payment delinquency. These loans will be under constant
supervision, are not classified and do not expose the institution to sufficient risks to warrant classification. These deficiencies
should be correctable within the normal course of business, although significant changes in company structure or policy may
be necessary to correct the deficiencies. These loans are considered bankable assets with no apparent loss of principal or
interest envisioned. The perceived risk in continued lending is considered to have increased beyond the level where such loans
would normally be granted. Credits that are defined as a troubled debt restructuring should be graded no higher than special
mention until they have been reported as performing over one year after restructuring.
The Company uses the following definitions for its classified loan risk ratings:
Substandard. Loans classified as substandard represent very high risk, serious delinquency, nonaccrual, or unacceptable credit.
Repayment through the primary source of repayment is in jeopardy due to the existence of one or more well defined weaknesses
and the collateral pledged may inadequately protect collection of the loans. Loss of principal is not likely if weaknesses are
corrected, although financial statements normally reveal significant weakness. Loans are still considered collectible, although
loss of principal is more likely than with special mention loan grade 8 loans. Collateral liquidation is considered likely to satisfy
debt.
Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful display a high probability of loss, although the amount of actual loss at the time of
classification is undetermined. This should be a temporary category until such time that actual loss can be identified, or
improvements made to reduce the seriousness of the classification. These loans exhibit all substandard characteristics with the
addition that weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable. This classification consists
of loans where the possibility of loss is high after collateral liquidation based upon existing facts, market conditions, and value.
Loss is deferred until certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may strengthen the credit can be more
accurately determined. These factors may include proposed acquisitions, liquidation procedures, capital injection, and receipt
of additional collateral, mergers, or refinancing plans. A doubtful classification for an entire credit should be avoided when
collection of a specific portion appears highly probable with the adequately secured portion graded substandard.
Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets
is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is
not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset yielding such a minimum value even though partial recovery may be
affected in the future. Amounts classified as loss should be promptly charged off.
Criticized and classified loans will mostly consist of commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans. The
Company considers its loans that do not meet the criteria for a criticized and classified asset rating as pass rated loans, which
will include loans graded from 1 (Prime) to 7 (Watch). All commercial loans are categorized into a risk category either at the
time of origination or re-evaluation date.
32
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note C - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category
of commercial loans by class of loans is as follows:
December 31, 2019
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied …………………………………………………
Nonowner-occupied …………………………………………….
Construction …………………………………………………….
Commercial and industrial ………………………………………..
Total …………………………………………………………………
December 31, 2018
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied …………………………………………………
Nonowner-occupied …………………………………………….
Construction …………………………………………………….
Commercial and industrial ………………………………………..
Total …………………………………………………………………
Pass
Criticized
Classified
Total
49,486 $
123,847
34,864
89,749
297,946 $
2,889 $
----
----
298
3,187 $
3,450 $
7,551
49
9,976
21,026 $
55,825
131,398
34,913
100,023
322,159
Pass
Criticized
Classified
Total
50,474 $
115,170
37,321
92,417
295,382 $
7,724 $
----
----
6,536
14,260 $
3,496 $
2,018
157
14,290
19,961 $
61,694
117,188
37,478
113,243
329,603
$
$
$
$
The Company also obtains the credit scores of its borrowers upon origination (if available by the credit bureau) but
not thereafter. The Company focuses mostly on the performance and repayment ability of the borrower as an indicator of credit
risk and does not consider a borrower’s credit score to be a significant influence in the determination of a loan’s credit risk
grading.
For residential and consumer loan classes, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan,
which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following table presents the recorded investment of residential
and consumer loans by class of loans based on payment activity as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
Consumer
December 31, 2019
Performing ………………………………………
Nonperforming ………………………………….
Total …………………………………………….
December 31, 2018
Performing ………………………………………
Nonperforming ………………………………….
Total …………………………………………….
Automobile Home Equity Other
$
63,470 $
300
63,770 $
22,490 $
392
22,882 $
53,224 $
486
53,710 $
303,879 $
6,374
310,253 $
$
Residential
Real Estate
Consumer
Automobile Home Equity Other
$
69,897 $
329
70,226 $
22,238 $
274
22,512 $
$
50,318 $
314
50,632 $
Residential
Real Estate
297,399 $
6,680
304,079 $
Total
443,063
7,552
450,615
Total
439,852
7,597
447,449
The Company, through its subsidiaries, grants residential, consumer, and commercial loans to customers located
primarily in the southeastern area of Ohio as well as the western counties of West Virginia. Approximately 5.00% of total
loans were unsecured at December 31, 2019, down from 5.02% at December 31, 2018.
33
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note D - Premises and Equipment
Following is a summary of premises and equipment at December 31:
Land ………………………………………………………………………………………...
Buildings …………………………………………………………………………………..
Leasehold improvements …………………………………………………………………..
Furniture and equipment …………………………………………………………………..
Less accumulated depreciation ……………………………………………………………..
Total premises and equipment ………………………………………………………..
Following is a summary of premises and equipment held for sale at December 31:
Land ………………………………………………………………………………………...
Buildings …………………………………………………………………………………..
Less accumulated depreciation ……………………………………………………………..
Total premises and equipment held for sale ……………………………………………
Note E – Leases
2019
2018
2,633 $
20,890
1,267
6,847
31,637
12,420
19,217 $
2,744
16,154
1,267
6,039
26,204
11,349
14,855
2019
2018
153 $
563
716
63
653 $
----
----
----
----
----
$
$
$
$
The Company enters into leases in the normal course of business primarily for branch buildings and office space to
conduct business. The Company’s leases have remaining terms ranging from 4 months to 17.5 years, some of which include
options to extend the leases for up to 15 years.
The Company includes lease extension and termination options in the lease term if, after considering relevant
economic factors, it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the option. In addition, the Company has elected to account
for any non-lease components in its real estate leases as part of the associated lease component. The Company has also elected
to not recognize leases with original lease terms of 12 months or less (short-term leases) on the Company’s balance sheet.
Leases are classified as operating or finance leases at the lease commencement date. Lease expense for operating
leases and short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ROU assets represent our right to use an
underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated
present value of lease payments over the lease term. At December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any finance leases.
The Company’s operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are valued based on the present value of
future minimum lease payments, discounted with an incremental borrowing rate for the same term as the underlying lease. The
Company has one lease arrangement that contains variable lease payments that are adjusted periodically for an index. Upon
adoption of the new lease guidance on January 1, 2019, an initial ROU asset of $1,280 was recognized as a non-cash asset
addition to the consolidated balance sheet.
Balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets ………………………………….……………………
Operating lease liabilities ………………………………….……………………………..
$
$
1,053
1,053
December 31, 2019
34
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note E – Leases (continued)
The components of lease cost were as follows:
Operating lease cost
Short-term lease expense
December 31, 2019
282
$
52
$
Future undiscounted lease payments for operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of
December 31, 2019 are as follows:
2020 ………………………………….……………………………………………………...
2021 ………………………………….……………………………………………………...
2022 ………………………………….……………………………………………………...
2023 ………………………………….……………………………………………………...
2024 ………………………………….……………………………………………………...
Thereafter ………………………………….………………………………………………..
Total lease payments ………………………………….……………………………….
Less: Imputed Interest………………………………….……………………………………
Total operating leases ………………………………….……………………………………
Other information was as follows:
Weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases ………………………………
Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases ……………………………………….
Note F – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill: The change in goodwill during the year is as follows:
Operating Leases
180
157
157
116
95
546
1,251
(198)
1,053
$
$
December 31, 2019
10.6 years
2.76%
Beginning of year………………………………….…………………………………………… $
Acquired goodwill ………………………………….………………………………..………
Impairment …………………………………………………………………………………..
Finalization of Milton branch sale …………………………………………………………..
Finalization of Milton acquisition accounting ………………………………………….……
End of year………………………………………………………................................................ $
7,371 $
----
----
(52 )
----
7,319 $
7,371 $
----
----
----
----
7,371 $
7,801
----
----
----
(430 )
7,371
2019
2018
2017
Impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value. At December 31, 2019
and 2018, the Company’s reporting unit had positive equity and the Company elected to perform a qualitative assessment to
determine if it was more likely than not that fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill.
The qualitative assessment indicated that it is more likely than not that fair value of goodwill is more than the carrying value,
resulting in no impairment. Therefore, the Company did not proceed to step one of the annual goodwill impairment testing
requirement.
Acquired intangible assets: Acquired intangible assets were as follows at year-end:
Amortized intangible assets:
Core deposit intangibles …………..…………………………….......
$
738 $
564 $
738 $
359
Aggregate amortization expense was $206 for 2019, $135 for 2018 and $156 for 2017.
2019
2018
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
35
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note F – Goodwill and Intangible Assets (continued)
Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years:
2020 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2021 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2022 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2023 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2024 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Total …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
$
$
62
48
35
21
8
174
Note G - Deposits
Following is a summary of interest-bearing deposits at December 31:
2019
2018
NOW accounts ……………………………………………………………………………….
Savings and Money Market …………………………………………………………………..
Time:
In denominations of $250,000 or less …………………………………………………….
In denominations of more than $250,000 …………………………………………………
Total time deposits ……………………………………………………………………...
Total interest-bearing deposits ………………………………………………………….
$
$
158,434 $
230,672
175,334
34,424
209,758
598,864 $
Following is a summary of total time deposits by remaining maturity at December 31, 2019:
2020 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2021 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2022 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2023 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2024 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Thereafter …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Total …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
$
$
155,166
237,868
178,736
37,113
215,849
608,883
116,666
58,585
22,833
9,077
1,978
619
209,758
Brokered deposits, included in time deposits, were $25,797 and $30,838 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note H - Interest Rate Swaps
The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the
amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities. The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements as part of its
asset/liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position. As part of this strategy, the Company provides
its customer with a fixed-rate loan while creating a variable-rate asset for the Company by the customer entering into an interest
rate swap with the Company on terms that match the loan. The Company offsets its risk exposure by entering into an offsetting
interest rate swap with an unaffiliated institution. These interest rate swaps do not qualify as designated hedges; therefore, each
swap is accounted for as a standalone derivative. At December 31, 2019, the Company had interest rate swaps associated with
commercial loans with a notional value of $7,633 and a fair value of $459. This is compared to interest rate swaps with a
notional value of $9,219 and a fair value of $101 at December 31, 2018. The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does
not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and
the other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreement. To further offset the risk exposure related to market value
fluctuations of its interest rate swaps, the Company maintains collateral deposits on hand with a third-party correspondent,
which totaled $750 at December 31, 2019 and $350 at December 31, 2018.
36
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note I - Other Borrowed Funds
Other borrowed funds at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are comprised of advances from the FHLB of Cincinnati and
promissory notes.
FHLB Borrowings
Promissory Notes
Totals
2019 …………………………
2018 …………………………
$29,758
$33,434
$4,233
$6,279
$ 33,991
$ 39,713
Pursuant to collateral agreements with the FHLB, advances are secured by $301,244 in qualifying mortgage loans,
$69,683 in commercial loans and $5,365 in FHLB stock at December 31, 2019. Fixed-rate FHLB advances of $29,758 mature
through 2042 and have interest rates ranging from 1.53% to 3.31% and a year-to-date weighted average cost of 2.39% and
2.36% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There were no variable-rate FHLB borrowings at December 31, 2019.
At December 31, 2019, the Company had a cash management line of credit enabling it to borrow up to $80,000 from
the FHLB. All cash management advances have an original maturity of 90 days. The line of credit must be renewed on an
annual basis. There was $80,000 available on this line of credit at December 31, 2019.
Based on the Company’s current FHLB stock ownership, total assets and pledgeable loans, the Company had the
ability to obtain borrowings from the FHLB up to a maximum of $205,559 at December 31, 2019. Of this maximum borrowing
capacity of $205,559, the Company had $119,302 available to use as additional borrowings, of which $80,000 could be used
for short-term, cash management advances, as mentioned above.
Promissory notes, issued primarily by Ohio Valley, are due at various dates through a final maturity date of May 17,
2021, and have fixed rates ranging from 2.00% to 4.09% and a year-to-date weighted average cost of 2.73% at December 31,
2019, as compared to 2.83% at December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2019, there were eight promissory notes payable by Ohio
Valley to related parties totaling $3,558. See Note M for further discussion of related party transactions. Promissory notes
payable to other banks totaled $405 at December 31, 2019.
Letters of credit issued on the Bank’s behalf by the FHLB to collateralize certain public unit deposits as required by
law totaled $56,500 at December 31, 2019 and $51,700 at December 31, 2018.
Scheduled principal payments over the next five years:
2020 ………………………………………………………………………………..
2021 ………………………………………………………………………………..
2022 ………………………………………………………………………………..
2023 ………………………………………………………………………………..
2024 ………………………………………………………………………………..
Thereafter ………………………………………………………………………….
FHLB
Borrowings
Promissory
Notes
Totals
$
$
3,722 $
3,000
2,841
2,705
2,301
15,189
29,758 $
3,600 $
633
----
----
----
----
4,233 $
7,322
3,633
2,841
2,705
2,301
15,189
33,991
Note J - Subordinated Debentures and Trust Preferred Securities
On March 22, 2007, a trust formed by Ohio Valley issued $8,500 of adjustable-rate trust preferred securities as part
of a pooled offering of such securities. The rate on these trust preferred securities was fixed at 6.58% for five years, and then
converted to a floating-rate term on March 15, 2012, based on a rate equal to the 3-month LIBOR plus 1.68%. The interest
rate on these trust preferred securities was 3.57% at December 31, 2019 and 4.47% at December 31, 2018. There were no debt
issuance costs incurred with these trust preferred securities. The Company issued subordinated debentures to the trust in
exchange for the proceeds of the offering. The subordinated debentures must be redeemed no later than June 15, 2037.
37
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note J - Subordinated Debentures and Trust Preferred Securities (continued)
Under the provisions of the related indenture agreements, the interest payable on the trust preferred securities is
deferrable for up to five years and any such deferral is not considered a default. During any period of deferral, the Company
would be precluded from declaring or paying dividends to shareholders or repurchasing any of the Company’s common
stock. Under generally accepted accounting principles, the trusts are not consolidated with the Company. Accordingly, the
Company does not report the securities issued by the trust as liabilities, and instead reports as liabilities the subordinated
debentures issued by the Company and held by the trust. Since the Company’s equity interest in the trusts cannot be
received until the subordinated debentures are repaid, these amounts have been netted. The subordinated debentures may be
included in Tier 1 capital (with certain limitations applicable) under current regulatory guidelines and interpretations.
Note K - Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the TCJA was signed into law, which included several provisions that affected the Company’s
federal income tax expense, which reduced the federal income tax rate to 21% effective January 1, 2018. As a result of the rate
reduction, the Company was required to re-measure, through income tax expense in the period of enactment, the deferred tax
assets and liabilities using the enacted rate at which these items are expected to be recovered or settled. The re-measurement
of the Company’s net deferred tax asset resulted in additional 2017 income tax expense of $1,783.
The provision for income taxes consists of the following components:
Current tax expense ……………………………………………………………….
Deferred tax (benefit) expense …………………………………………………….
Total income taxes …………………………………………………………..
2019
2018
2017
$
$
1,446 $
367
1,813 $
2,389
(134 )
2,255
$
$
2,579
1,907
4,486
The source of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31:
Items giving rise to deferred tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses ………………………………………………………………..
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale …………………………………………
Deferred compensation ………………………………………………………………….
Deferred loan fees/costs …………………………………………………………………
Other real estate owned …………………………………………………………………
Accrued bonus …………..………………………………………………………………
Purchase accounting adjustments ………………………………………………………
Net operating loss …………………………………………………………………………
Lease liability ……..………………………………………………………………………
Other ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Items giving rise to deferred tax liabilities:
Mortgage servicing rights ……………………………………………………………….
FHLB stock dividends ………………………………………………………………….
Unrealized gain on securities available for sale …………………………………………
Prepaid expenses ………………………………………………………………………..
Depreciation and amortization ………………………………………………………….
Right-of-use asset …………………………………………………………………………
Other ……………………………………………………………………………………
Net deferred tax asset ……………………………………………………………………….
$
$
2019
2018
$
1,364
----
1,700
110
4
204
24
115
274
346
(77 )
(676 )
(140 )
(182 )
(579 )
(274 )
----
2,213 $
1,463
568
1,580
119
434
280
61
132
----
257
(80 )
(676 )
----
(191 )
(656 )
----
(3 )
3,288
38
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note K - Income Taxes (continued)
The Company determined that it was not required to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets since
management believes that the deferred tax assets are likely to be realized through the future reversals of existing taxable
temporary differences, deductions against forecasted income and tax planning strategies.
At December 31, 2019, the Company’s deferred tax asset related to Section 382 net operating loss carryforwards was
$550, which will expire in 2026.
The difference between the financial statement tax provision and amounts computed by applying the statutory federal
income tax rate of 21% in 2019 and 2018 and 34% in 2017 to income before taxes is as follows:
2019
2018
2017
$
Statutory tax ……………………………………………………..
Effect of nontaxable interest …………………………………….
Effect of nontaxable insurance premiums ……………………….
Income from bank owned insurance, net ………………………..
Effect of postretirement benefits …………………………………
Effect of nontaxable life insurance death proceeds ……………..
Impact from TCJA ………………………………………………..
Effect of state income tax ………………………………………..
Tax credits ……………………………………………………….
Milton Merger Costs ……………………………………………..
Other items ……………………………………………………….
2,461 $
(336 )
(212 )
(141 )
54
----
----
100
(145 )
----
32
2,982 $
(352 )
(218 )
(142 )
20
----
----
33
(217 )
----
149
4,078
(514 )
(303 )
(230 )
(78 )
(175 )
1,783
70
(191 )
4
42
Total income taxes ……………………………………………….
$
1,813 $
2,255 $
4,486
At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits. The Company does
not expect the amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change within the next twelve months. The Company did
not recognize any interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters for the periods presented.
The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as West Virginia state income tax. The Company is no
longer subject to federal or state examination for years prior to 2016. The tax years 2016-2018 remain open to federal and state
examinations.
Note L - Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the
financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit
and financial guarantees. The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial
instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written, is represented by
the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional
obligations as it does for instruments recorded on the balance sheet.
39
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note L - Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (continued)
Following is a summary of such commitments at December 31:
Fixed rate ……………………………………………………………………………………...
Variable rate ………………………………………………………………………………......
Standby letters of credit ………………………………………………………………………
$
660 $
70,561
3,957
121
66,580
4,325
2019
2018
At December 31, 2019, the fixed-rate commitments have interest rates ranging from 3.375% to 6.25% and maturities
ranging from 15 years to 30 years.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition
established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require
payment of a fee. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a
customer to a third party. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total
commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s credit
worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of
credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts
receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment and income-producing commercial properties.
During the years covered by these consolidated financial statements, the Company participated as a facilitator of tax
refunds pursuant to a clearing agreement with a third-party tax refund product provider. The clearing agreement required the
Bank to process electronic refund checks (“ERC’s”) and electronic refund deposits (“ERD’s”) presented for payment on behalf
of taxpayers containing taxpayer refunds. The Bank received a fee paid by the third-party tax refund product provider for each
transaction that is processed. In 2018, the third-party tax refund product provider ceased utilizing the services of the Bank.
There are various contingent liabilities that are not reflected in the financial statements, including claims and legal
actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the
ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on financial condition or results of operations.
Note M - Related Party Transactions
Certain directors, executive officers and companies with which they are affiliated were loan customers during 2019.
A summary of activity on these borrower relationships with aggregate debt greater than $120 is as follows:
Total loans at January 1, 2019 ……………………………………………………………………………………………. $
New loans ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Repayments ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Other changes ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
$
Total loans at December 31, 2019
3,674
890
(391 )
(199 )
3,974
Other changes include adjustments for loans applicable to one reporting period that are excludable from the other
reporting period, such as changes in persons classified as directors, executive officers and companies’ affiliates.
Deposits from principal officers, directors, and their affiliates at year-end 2019 and 2018 were $47,911 and $52,877.
In addition, the Company had promissory notes outstanding with directors and their affiliates totaling $3,558 at year-end 2019
and 2018. The interest rates ranged from 1.50% to 2.85%, with terms ranging from 10 to 36 months.
40
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note N - Employee Benefits
The Bank has a profit-sharing plan for the benefit of its employees and their beneficiaries. Contributions to the plan
are determined by the Board of Directors of Ohio Valley. Contributions charged to expense were $264, $352, and $340 for
2019, 2018 and 2017.
Ohio Valley maintains an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) covering substantially all employees of the
Company. Ohio Valley issues shares to the ESOP, purchased by the ESOP with subsidiary cash contributions, which are
allocated to ESOP participants based on relative compensation. The total number of shares held by the ESOP, all of which have
been allocated to participant accounts, were 365,274 and 360,669 at December 31, 2019 and 2018. In addition, the subsidiaries
made contributions to its ESOP Trust as follows:
Years ended December 31
2018
2019
2017
Number of shares issued ……………………………………………………………
8,333
7,294
15,118
Fair value of stock contributed ………………………………………………………
$
328 $
295 $
Cash contributed ……………………………………………………………………..
500
500
Total expense …………………………………………………………………………
$
828 $
795 $
428
250
678
Life insurance contracts with a cash surrender value of $28,481 and annuity assets of $2,115 at December 31, 2019
have been purchased by the Company, the owner of the policies. The purpose of these contracts was to replace a current group
life insurance program for executive officers, implement a deferred compensation plan for directors and executive officers,
implement a director retirement plan and implement supplemental retirement plans for certain officers. Under the deferred
compensation plan, Ohio Valley pays each participant the amount of fees deferred plus interest over the participant’s desired
term, upon termination of service. Under the director retirement plan, participants are eligible to receive ongoing compensation
payments upon retirement subject to length of service. The supplemental retirement plans provide payments to select executive
officers upon retirement based upon a compensation formula determined by Ohio Valley’s Board of Directors. The present
value of payments expected to be provided are accrued during the service period of the covered individuals and amounted to
$7,815 and $7,267 at December 31, 2019 and 2018. Expenses related to the plans for each of the last three years amounted to
$627, $602, and $490. In association with the split-dollar life insurance plan, the present value of the postretirement benefit
totaled $3,130 at December 31, 2019 and $2,873 at December 31, 2018.
During 2017, the Company collected $2,107 in proceeds on two BOLI policies and recorded $1,993 in proceeds
expected to be received from the settlement of two other BOLI policies. This resulted in a $3,586 reduction to BOLI assets
and a net gain of $514 that was recorded to income. The proceeds of $1,993 had not yet been collected by year-end 2017 and,
therefore, were recorded as other assets at December 31, 2017. The proceeds were collected in 2018.
Note O - Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the
principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the
measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access
as of the measurement date.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities,
quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market
data.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market
participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
41
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note O - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
The following is a description of the Company’s valuation methodologies used to measure and disclose the fair values
of its financial assets and liabilities on a recurring or nonrecurring basis:
Securities: The fair values for securities are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where
quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2). For securities
where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash
flows or other market indicators (Level 3). During times when trading is more liquid, broker quotes are used (if available) to
validate the model. Rating agency and industry research reports as well as defaults and deferrals on individual securities are
reviewed and incorporated into the calculations.
Impaired Loans: At the time a loan is considered impaired, it is valued at the lower of cost or fair value. Impaired loans carried
at fair value generally receive specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is
commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of
approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by
the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments
are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate
collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted
or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and
management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification.
Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.
Other Real Estate Owned: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs
to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value
less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single
valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are
routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales
and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs
for determining fair value. In some instances, fair value adjustments can be made based on a quoted price from an observable
input, such as a purchase agreement. Such adjustments would be classified as a Level 2 classification.
Appraisals for both collateral-dependent impaired loans and other real estate owned are performed by certified general
appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and
licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Company. Once received, a member of management reviews the assumptions
and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the overall resulting fair value in comparison with management’s own
assumptions of fair value based on factors that include recent market data or industry-wide statistics. On an as-needed basis,
the Company reviews the fair value of collateral, taking into consideration current market data, as well as all selling costs that
typically approximate 10%.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements: The fair value of interest rate swap agreements is determined using the market standard
methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments (or receipts) and the discounted expected variable cash
receipts (or payments). The variable cash receipts (or payments) are based on the expectation of future interest rates (forward
curves) derived from observed market interest rate curves (Level 2).
42
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note O - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019, Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
U.S. Government sponsored entity securities ……………………….......
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………………..
Interest rate swap derivatives ………………………….………………….
Interest rate swap derivatives ………………………….………………….
---- $
----
----
----
16,736
88,582
465
(465 )
----
----
----
----
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018, Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
U.S. Government sponsored entity securities ……………………….......
Agency mortgage-backed securities, residential ………………………..
Interest rate swap derivatives ………………………….………………….
Interest rate swap derivatives ………………………….………………….
---- $
----
----
----
16,630
85,534
101
(101 )
----
----
----
----
There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during 2019 or 2018.
Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019, Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
Impaired loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied …………………………………………………. $
Commercial and Industrial …………………………………………….
---- $
----
---- $
----
1,644
4,559
Assets:
Impaired loans:
Commercial real estate:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018, Using
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
$
---- $
---- $
264
Nonowner-occupied ………………………………………………
Other real estate owned:
Commercial real estate:
Construction ………………………………………………………
----
228
----
43
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note O - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
At December 31, 2019, the recorded investment of impaired loans measured for impairment using the fair value of
collateral for collateral-dependent loans totaled $7,010, with a corresponding valuation allowance of $807, resulting in an
increase of $807 in provision expense during the year ended December 31, 2019, with no corresponding charge-offs recognized.
At December 31, 2018, the recorded investment of impaired loans measured for impairment using the fair value of collateral
for collateral-dependent loans totaled $362, with a corresponding valuation allowance of $98, resulting in an increase of $4 in
provision expense during the year ended December 31, 2018, with no corresponding charge-offs recognized.
There was no other real estate owned that was measured at fair value less costs to sell at December 31, 2019. Other
real estate owned that was measured at fair value less costs to sell at December 31, 2018 had a net carrying amount of $228,
which is made up of the outstanding balance of $2,217, net of a valuation allowance of $1,989 at December 31, 2018. There
were $594 in corresponding write-downs during 2018.
The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments
measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
December 31, 2019
Impaired loans:
Commercial real estate:
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable
Input(s)
Range
(Weighted
Average)
Owner-occupied ………………….......... $ 1,644 Sales approach
4,559 Sales approach
Commercial and Industrial ………………...
Adjustment to comparables
Adjustment to comparables
0% to 20%
0% to 61%
9.7%
10.3%
December 31, 2018
Impaired loans:
Commercial real estate:
Fair
Value
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable
Input(s)
Range
(Weighted
Average)
Nonowner-occupied ………………….... $
264 Sales approach
Adjustment to comparables 6.8% to 66.7%
18.0%
44
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note O - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at December 31, 2019 and December 31,
2018 are as follows:
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019 Using:
Carrying
Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ……………………….....
Certificates of deposit in financial institutions……....
Securities available for sale …………………………
Securities held to maturity ………………………….
Loans, net …………………………………………..
Interest rate swap derivatives ……..............................
Accrued interest receivable …………………………
$
52,356 $
2,360
105,318
12,033
766,502
465
2,564
52,356 $
----
----
----
----
----
----
---- $
2,360
105,318
6,446
----
465
315
---- $
----
----
5,958
771,285
----
2,249
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits …………………………………………….
Other borrowed funds ………………………………
Subordinated debentures ……………………………
Interest rate swap derivatives ……..............................
Accrued interest payable ……………………………
821,471
33,991
8,500
465
1,589
222,607
----
----
----
3
599,937
34,345
6,275
465
1,586
----
----
----
----
----
52,356
2,360
105,318
12,404
771,285
465
2,564
822,544
34,345
6,275
465
1,589
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018 Using:
Carrying
Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ……………………….....
Certificates of deposit in financial institutions……....
Securities available for sale …………………………
Securities held to maturity ………………………….
Loans, net …………………………………………..
Interest rate swap derivatives ……..............................
Accrued interest receivable …………………………
$
71,180 $
2,065
102,164
15,816
770,324
101
2,638
71,180 $
----
----
----
----
----
----
---- $
2,065
102,164
7,625
----
101
312
---- $
----
----
8,609
766,784
----
2,326
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits …………………………………………….
Other borrowed funds ………………………………
Subordinated debentures ……………………………
Interest rate swap derivatives ……..............................
Accrued interest payable ……………………………
846,704
39,713
8,500
101
1,255
237,821
----
----
----
3
607,593
37,644
7,054
101
1,252
----
----
----
----
----
71,180
2,065
102,164
16,234
766,784
101
2,638
845,414
37,644
7,054
101
1,255
The methods and assumptions, not previously presented, used to estimate fair values are described as follows:
Loans: The fair values of loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 follow the guidance in ASU 2016-01, which prescribes an
“exit price” approach in estimating and disclosing fair value of financial instruments resulting in a Level 3 classification. The
fair value calculation at that date discounted estimated future cash flows using rates that incorporated discounts for credit,
liquidity, and marketability factors.
Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about
the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one
time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of
the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience,
current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are
subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with
precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
45
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note P - Regulatory Matters
Banks and bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking
agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative
measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital
amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can
initiate regulatory action. New rules became effective for the Company and the Bank on January 1, 2015, with full compliance
with all of the requirements being fully phased in on January 1, 2019. Minimum requirements increased for both the quantity
and quality of capital held by the Company and the Bank. The rules include a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-
weighted assets. The capital conservation buffer began to phase in on January 1, 2016 at 0.625%, and increased by the same
amount on each subsequent January 1 over a four-year period. The fully phased-in capital conservation buffer as of January 1,
2019 is 2.5%. Failure to maintain the required common equity tier 1 capital conservation buffer will result in potential
restrictions on a bank's ability to pay dividends, repurchase stock and/or pay discretionary compensation to its employees.
Prompt corrective action regulations applicable to insured depository institutions provide five classifications: well
capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized, although
these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to
accept brokered deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital
restoration plans are required. At year-end 2019 and 2018, the Bank met the capital requirements to be deemed well capitalized
under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. Regulations of the FRB require a state-chartered bank that is a
member of a Federal Reserve Bank to maintain certain amounts and types of capital and generally also require bank holding
companies to meet such requirements on a consolidated basis. The FRB generally requires bank holding companies that have
chosen to become financial holding companies to be “well capitalized,” as defined by FRB regulations, in order to continue
engaging in activities permissible only to bank holding companies that are registered as financial holding companies. If,
however, a bank holding company, whether or not also a financial holding company, satisfies the requirements of the FR’s
Small Bank Holding Company Policy (the “SBHCP”), the holding company is not required to meet the consolidated capital
requirements. As amended effective in September 2018, the SBHCP requires that the holding company have assets of less than
$3 billion, that it meet certain qualitative requirements, and that all of the holding company’s bank subsidiaries meet all bank
capital requirements. As of December 31, 2019, the Company was deemed to meet the SBHCP requirements and so was not
required to meet consolidated capital requirements at the holding company level.
The following table summarizes the capital ratios (excluding the capital conservation buffer) of the Company and the
Bank. The minimums for the Company are those that would have been required if the Company was not a small bank holding
company under the SBHCP.
2019
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk
weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Actual
Amount
Ratio
Minimum
Regulatory
Capital Ratio
$
134,930
120,716
18.7 %
17.0
8.0%
8.0
Minimum
To Be Well
Capitalized (1)
10.0%
10.0
4.5
4.5
6.0
6.0
4.0
4.0
N/A
6.5
6.0
8.0
N/A
5.0
120,158
114,772
128,658
114,772
128,658
114,772
16.6
16.1
17.8
16.1
12.5
11.3
46
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note P – Regulatory Matters (continued)
2018
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk
weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)
Consolidated ……………………
Bank …………………………….
Actual
Amount
Ratio
Minimum
Regulatory
Capital Ratio
$
127,487
114,947
17.7 %
16.2
8.0%
8.0
Minimum
To Be Well
Capitalized (1)
10.0%
10.0
112,259
108,547
120,759
108,547
120,759
108,547
15.6
15.3
16.7
15.3
11.8
10.7
4.5
4.5
6.0
6.0
4.0
4.0
N/A
6.5
6.0
8.0
N/A
5.0
(1)
For the Company, these amounts would be required for the Company to engage in activities permissible only for a bank holding company that meets the financial
holding company requirements if the Company were not subject to the SBHCP. For the Bank, these are the amounts required for the Bank to be deemed well capitalized
under the prompt corrective action regulations.
Dividends paid by the subsidiaries are the primary source of funds available to Ohio Valley for payment of dividends
to shareholders and for other working capital needs. The payment of dividends by the subsidiaries to Ohio Valley is subject to
restrictions by regulatory authorities and state law. These restrictions generally limit dividends to the current and prior two
years retained earnings of the Bank and Loan Central, Inc., and 90% of the prior year’s net income of OVBC Captive, Inc. At
January 1, 2020 approximately $15,042 of the subsidiaries’ retained earnings were available for dividends under these
guidelines. In addition to these restrictions, dividend payments cannot reduce regulatory capital levels below minimum
regulatory guidelines. The amount of dividends payable by the Bank is also restricted if the Bank does not hold a capital
conservation buffer. The ability of Ohio Valley to borrow funds from the Bank is limited as to amount and terms by banking
regulations. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System also has a policy requiring Ohio Valley to provide notice
to the FRB in advance of the payment of a dividend to Ohio Valley’s shareholders under certain circumstances, and the FRB
may disapprove of such dividend payment if the FRB determines the payment would be an unsafe or unsound practice.
Note Q - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information
Below is condensed financial information of Ohio Valley. In this information, Ohio Valley’s investment in its
subsidiaries is stated at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings of the subsidiaries since acquisition. This information should
be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents ………………………………………………………………..
Investment in subsidiaries ………………………………………………………………..
Notes receivable – subsidiaries ……………………………………………………………
Other assets ………………………………………………………………………………..
Total assets …………………………………………………………………………..
Liabilities
Notes payable ……………………………………………………………………………..
Subordinated debentures …………………………………………………………………
Other liabilities ……………………………………………………………………………
Total liabilities ……………………………………………………………………....
$
$
$
Years ended December 31:
2018
2019
$
4,308
134,910
1,963
48
141,229 $
4,233 $
8,500
317
13,050
4,032
126,059
3,000
93
133,184
6,279
8,500
531
15,310
Shareholders’ Equity
Total shareholders’ equity ……………………………………………………………
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity ……………………………………………
$
128,179
141,229 $
117,874
133,184
47
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note Q - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information (continued)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Income:
Years ended December 31:
2018
2017
2019
Interest on notes …………………………………………………………………
Dividends from subsidiaries ……………………………………………………..
$
47 $
4,375
53 $
4,225
51
4,400
Expenses:
Interest on notes ………..………………………………………………………..
Interest on subordinated debentures ……………………………………………..
Operating expenses ………………………………………………………………
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries..
Income tax benefit ………………………………………………………………..
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries …………………………………
Net Income …………………………………………………………………
Comprehensive Income ……………………………………………………
$
$
139
356
377
3,550
169
6,188
9,907 $
$
12,570
185
330
351
3,412
164
8,368
11,944 $
$
10,860
211
248
332
3,660
244
3,605
7,509
7,622
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net Income …………………………………………………………………........
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries …………………………….
Common stock issued to ESOP
……………………………………………..
Change in other assets …………………………………………………........
Change in other liabilities …………………………………………………..
Net cash provided by operating activities ………………………………….
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for Milton Bancorp, Inc. acquisition ………………………………….
Change in notes receivable …………………………………………………........
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities …………………………
Cash flows from financing activities:
Change in notes payable …………………………………………………….........
Proceeds from common stock through dividend reinvestment ……………………
Cash dividends paid ………………………………………………………………
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities …………………………...
Years ended December 31:
2018
2019
2017
$
9,907 $
11,944 $
7,509
(6,188 )
328
45
(214)
3,878
----
1,037
1,037
(2,046 )
1,407
(4,000 )
(4,639 )
(8,368 )
295
(26 )
262
4,107
----
320
320
(3,605 )
428
(15)
(97)
4,220
----
100
100
(1,045 )
1,325
(3,967 )
(3,687 )
(558)
715
(3,932 )
(3775)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Change in cash and cash equivalents …………………………………………….
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ………………………………….
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year …………………………………….
$
276
4,032
4,308 $
740
3,292
4,032 $
545
2,747
3,292
48
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note R - Segment Information
The reportable segments are determined by the products and services offered, primarily distinguished between banking
and consumer finance. They are also distinguished by the level of information provided to the chief operating decision maker,
who uses such information to review performance of various components of the business which are then aggregated if operating
performance, products/services, and customers are similar. Loans, investments, and deposits provide the majority of the net
revenues from the banking operation, while loans provide the majority of the net revenues for the consumer finance
segment. All Company segments are domestic.
Total revenues from the banking segment, which accounted for the majority of the Company’s total revenues, totaled
94.2%, 92.9%, and 92.7% of total consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The accounting policies used for the Company’s reportable segments are the same as those described in Note A -
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Income taxes are allocated based on income before tax expense. All goodwill
is in the Banking segment.
Segment information is as follows:
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Consumer
Finance
Total
Company
Banking
$
39,865 $
875
8,989
37,026
1,653
9,300
1,000,315
3,187 $
125
177
2,472
160
607
12,957
43,052
1,000
9,166
39,498
1,813
9,907
1,013,272
Year Ended December 31, 2018
Consumer
Finance
Total
Company
Banking
$
40,380 $
850
8,243
34,841
1,990
10,942
1,017,902
3,346 $
189
695
2,585
265
1,002
12,591
43,726
1,039
8,938
37,426
2,255
11,944
1,030,493
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Consumer
Finance
Total
Company
Banking
$
38,366 $
2,415
8,834
34,079
3,973
6,733
1,013,386
3,367 $
149
601
2,530
513
776
12,904
41,733
2,564
9,435
36,609
4,486
7,509
1,026,290
Net interest income …………………………………………………………………...
Provision expense …………………………………………………………………….
Noninterest income ………………………………………………………………......
Noninterest expense …………………………………………………………………..
Tax expense …………………………………………………………………………..
Net income ……………………………………………………………………………
Assets ………………………………………………………………………………...
Net interest income …………………………………………………………………...
Provision expense …………………………………………………………………….
Noninterest income ………………………………………………………………......
Noninterest expense …………………………………………………………………..
Tax expense …………………………………………………………………………..
Net income ……………………………………………………………………………
Assets ………………………………………………………………………………...
Net interest income …………………………………………………………………...
Provision expense …………………………………………………………………….
Noninterest income ………………………………………………………………......
Noninterest expense …………………………………………………………………..
Tax expense …………………………………………………………………………..
Net income ……………………………………………………………………………
Assets ………………………………………………………………………………...
49
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note S - Consolidated Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited)
Mar. 31
Jun. 30
Sept. 30
Dec. 31
Quarters Ended
2019
Total interest income ………………………………………………
Total interest expense ……………………………………………...
Net interest income ………………………………………………..
Provision for loan losses ……………………………………………
Noninterest income ………………………………………………..
Noninterest expense ……………………………………………….
Net income ……………………………………………………..
$
12,483 $
13,058 $
1,830
1,671
10,653
11,387
(806 )
2,377
1,846
2,003
9,568 9,791
3,079
1,193
12,521 $
1,895
10,626
444
2,107
9,738
2,137
12,255
1,869
10,386
(1,015 )
3,210
10,401
3,498
Earnings per share …………………………………………………
$
0.25 $
0.65 $
0.45 $
0.73
2018
Total interest income ………………………………………………
Total interest expense ……………………………………………..
Net interest income ………………………………………………..
Provision for loan losses …………………………………………...
Noninterest income ………………………………………………...
Noninterest expense ……………………………………………….
Net income ……………………………………………………
$
11,938 $
12,709 $
1,298
1,199
10,640
11,510
(23 )
756
3,076
2,538
9,808 9,674
2,976
3,366
12,181 $
1,418
10,763
962
1,927
9,761
1,746
12,369
1,556
10,813
(656 )
1,397
8,183
3,856
Earnings per share …………………………………………………
$
0.71 $
0.63 $
0.37 $
0.82
Note T – Subsequent Events
On March 10, 2020, the Bank announced it has entered into a settlement agreement relating to the previously disclosed
litigation the Bank had filed against a third-party tax software product provider. The Bank filed the litigation as a result of the
third party’s early termination of its tax processing contract with the Bank at the end of 2018. Under the settlement agreement,
the third-party has agreed to make a $2,000 payment to the Bank during the first quarter 2020. In addition, the Bank has entered
into a new agreement with the third-party to process future electronic refund checks and deposits presented for payment on
behalf of taxpayers through accounts containing taxpayer refunds. The new agreement provides that the Bank will process
refunds for five tax seasons, beginning with the 2021 tax season and going through the 2025 tax season. The settlement
agreement is subject to the court’s entering a dismissal of the litigation.
50
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Gallipolis, Ohio
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of condition of Ohio Valley Banc Corp. (the "Company") as of December 31,
2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial
statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the
Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period
ended December 31, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated
Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March
16, 2020 expressed an adverse opinion.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's
financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent
with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud,
and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts
and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made
by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1992.
Louisville, Kentucky
March 16, 2020
Crowe LLP
51
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Gallipolis, Ohio
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Ohio Valley Banc Corp.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (COSO). In our opinion, because of the effects of the material weakness discussed in the following paragraph, the Company
has not maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by COSO.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a
reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company's annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected
on a timely basis. A material weakness related to the monitoring of loans through the subsequent events period has been identified and
included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the consolidated statements of condition of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income,
comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements") and our report dated March 16, 2020 expressed an
unqualified opinion. We considered the material weakness identified above in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit procedures
applied in our audit of the 2019 financial statements, and this report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting does not affect such report
on the financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of
internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk
that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any
evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Louisville, Kentucky
March 16, 2020
52
Crowe LLP
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL
OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Board of Directors and Shareholders
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
The management of Ohio Valley Banc Corp. (the Company) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The
Company's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i)
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation
of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii)
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the
Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
The system of internal control over financial reporting as it relates to the consolidated financial statements is evaluated for
effectiveness by management. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may
deteriorate.
Management assessed Ohio Valley Banc Corp.’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019,
in relation to criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting as described in the 2013 “Internal Control Integrated
Framework,” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
A material weakness is a deficiency in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a
material misstatement would not be prevented or detected in a timely manner. In connection with the preparation of Ohio
Valley's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the review of such statements by its independent
public accounting firm, Crowe LLP, management identified a material weakness in internal control related to the operating
effectiveness of the Company’s control over appropriate monitoring of loans through the subsequent events period, including
not timely evaluating information received after the fiscal year end that affected the assessment of the appropriateness of loan
grades and impairment classification used in the allowance for loan losses estimate. No restatement of prior period financial
statements, no change in previously issued financial results, and no adjustments to the fourth quarter 2019 allowance for loan
losses calculation were required as a result of this material weakness in internal control, however, a reasonable possibility exists
that material misstatements in Ohio Valley’s financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Management is taking steps to remediate this material weakness by evaluating the Company’s policies and procedures for and
resources allocated to the subsequent events period review control over the assessment of loan grades. As of December 31,
2019, based on management’s assessment, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective due to this
matter.
Crowe LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has issued audit reports dated March 16, 2020 on the Company's
consolidated financial statements and internal control over financial reporting. Those reports are contained in Ohio Valley's
Annual Report to Shareholders under the heading "Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.” Their report
expressed an adverse opinion on the effectiveness of Ohio Valley’s internal control over financial reporting as of December
31, 2019.
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Thomas E. Wiseman
Chief Executive Officer
March 16, 2020
Scott W. Shockey
Senior Vice President, CFO
53
PERFORMANCE GRAPH
OHIO VALLEY BANC CORP.
Year ended December 31, 2019
The following graph sets forth a comparison of five-year cumulative total returns among the Company's
common shares (indicated “Ohio Valley Banc Corp.” on the Performance Graph), the S & P 500 Index (indicated
“S & P 500” on the Performance Graph), and SNL Securities SNL $1 Billion-$5 Billion Bank Asset-Size Index
(indicated “SNL $1 Billion-$5 Billion Bank Index”) for fiscal years indicated. Information reflected on the graph
assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2014 in each of the common shares of the Company, the S & P
500 Index, and the SNL Index. Cumulative total return assumes reinvestment of dividends. The SNL $1 Billion-$5
Billion Bank Index represents stock performance of 154 banks located throughout the United States within the
respective asset range as selected by SNL Securities of Charlottesville, Virginia. The Company is included as one
of the 154 banks in the SNL $1 Billion-$5 Billion Bank Index.
54
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Except for the historical statements and discussions contained herein, statements contained in this
report and other publicly available documents incorporated herein by reference constitute "forward
looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of
the Securities Act of 1934 and as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such
statements are often, but not always, identified by the use of such words as “believes,” “anticipates,”
“expects,” “intends,” “plan,” “goal,” “seek,” “project,” “estimate,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,”
“should,” “will,” and similar expressions. Such statements involve various important assumptions, risks,
uncertainties, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control and which could cause actual results
to differ materially from those expressed in such forward looking statements. These factors include, but
are not limited to: changes in political, economic or other factors, such as inflation rates, recessionary or
expansive trends, taxes, the effects of implementation of legislation and the continuing economic
uncertainty in various parts of the world; competitive pressures; fluctuations in interest rates; the level of
defaults and prepayment on loans made by the Company; unanticipated litigation, claims, or assessments;
fluctuations in the cost of obtaining funds to make loans; and regulatory changes. Additional detailed
information concerning a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially
from the forward-looking statements contained in management’s discussion and analysis is available in
the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, including the disclosure under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of Part 1 of the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. Readers are cautioned not to
place undue reliance on such forward looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. The
Company undertakes no obligation and disclaims any intention to republish revised or updated forward
looking statements, whether as a result of new information, unanticipated future events or otherwise.
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The purpose of this discussion is to provide an analysis of the financial condition and results of
operations of Ohio Valley Banc Corp. (“Ohio Valley” or the “Company”) that is not otherwise apparent
from the audited consolidated financial statements included in this report. The accompanying
consolidated financial information has been prepared by management in conformity with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) and is consistent with that reported in the consolidated
financial statements. Reference should be made to those statements and the selected financial data
presented elsewhere in this report for an understanding of the following tables and related discussion. All
dollars are reported in thousands, except share and per share data.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
SUMMARY
2019 v. 2018
Ohio Valley generated net income of $9,907 for 2019, a decrease of $2,037, or 17.1%, from 2018.
Earnings per share were $2.08 for 2019, a decrease of 17.8% from 2018. The decrease in net income and
earnings per share for 2019 was impacted by lower net interest income and higher noninterest expense,
which collectively contributed to a $2,746 decrease in earnings from 2018. Net interest income was
negatively affected by a 3.2% decrease in average earning assets, primarily from lower interest-bearing
deposits with banks. Further reducing net interest income was a deposit composition shift to higher costing
time and money market deposits. Higher noninterest expense was impacted primarily by a 6.0% increase
55
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
in salaries and employee benefit costs and a 24.4% increase in professional fees. These negative impacts
to earnings were partially offset by higher noninterest income and stable provision expense during 2019,
as compared to 2018. Noninterest income was positively impacted by a net gain from the sale of two
previously acquired branches during the fourth quarter of 2019 and lower losses on the sale of other real
estate owned (“OREO”) properties, partially offset by lower tax processing fees. The change in provision
expense was minimal due to lower net charge-offs and lower criticized loans during 2019.
The Company’s net interest income in 2019 was $43,052, representing a decrease of $674, or
1.5%, from 2018. Average earning assets decreased during 2019 by $32,338, or 3.2%, as compared to
2018, coming primarily from interest-bearing balances with banks. The Company’s average interest-
bearing Federal Reserve clearing account decreased $36,528, or 39.0%, during 2019, due to not processing
tax refunds in 2019. Prior to 2019, the Bank had facilitated the payment of tax refunds through a third-
party tax refund product provider through electronic refund check/deposit (“ERC/ERD”) transactions.
ERC/ERD transactions involved the payment of a tax refund to the taxpayer after the Bank had received
the refund from the federal/state government. ERC/ERD transactions occurred primarily during the tax
refund season, typically the first quarter of each year. In 2018, the third-party tax refund product provider
elected to terminate its contract with the Bank early, effectively ceasing the receipt of future tax refunds
at the end of 2018. Due to the absence of seasonal deposits from no tax processing activity, the Bank
experienced a significant decline in its average Federal Reserve Bank balances during 2019, as compared
to 2018. In addition, the Federal Reserve's action to decrease short-term interest rates by 75 basis points
from August 2019 to October 2019 further limited interest earnings during the year. Net interest income
was also negatively impacted by higher interest expense on deposits, which increased over 32% during
2019. The interest expense increase was largely from time deposits, particularly CDs, repricing at higher
market rates, as well as a consumer shift to higher-costing money market deposit accounts. The weighted
average costs for time deposits and money market accounts increased 52 and 27 basis points in 2019 and
2018, respectively. Positive contributions to net interest income came primarily from the Company’s
loans, with asset yields increasing 16 basis points and average balance growth of $1,865, or 0.2%, during
2019, as compared to 2018. Average loan growth came mostly from the residential and commercial real
estate loan portfolios. While earning assets were down, the Company’s net interest margin increased in
2019, finishing at 4.51% in 2019, as compared to 4.43% in 2018. Lower balances maintained at the
Federal Reserve, which diluted the net interest margin from the previous year due to the yield on those
balances being less than other earning assets, such as loans and securities, contributed the most to the
increase in net interest margin.
The Company’s provision expense remained comparable to the prior year, finishing with $1,000
in provision for 2019, as compared to $1,039 in 2018. During 2019, the Company experienced a decrease
of $354 in net charge-offs, as well as the continuing trend of improved asset quality and economic risk
factors, which were impacted by lower criticized assets and historical loan loss. As a result of this risk
factor improvement, the general allocations of the allowance for loan losses decreased by 17.8% from
year-end 2018. The impact from lower general allocations was partially offset by an increase in specific
allocations on collateral dependent impaired loans from year-end 2018.
The Company’s noninterest income increased $228, or 2.6%, from 2018. The year-to-date increase
in noninterest income was largely impacted by a net gain of $1,256 on the sale of its Mount Sterling and
New Holland, Ohio branches during the fourth quarter of 2019. The Company had previously acquired
the two branches as part of its merger with Milton Bancorp, Inc., on August 5, 2016. Lower costs on the
sale of OREO, which were down by $494, or 88.4%, from 2018, also improved noninterest revenue.
Lower OREO expense in 2019 was primarily impacted by an asset write-down recorded during the fourth
quarter of 2018 to lower the appraised value of one land development property. Noninterest revenue
56
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
improvement in 2019 also came from interchange income growth, which increased 6.6% from 2018,
driven primarily by the rising volume of debit and credit card transactions during 2019. Partially offsetting
these growth areas of noninterest income were lower revenues from tax processing fees through the Bank’s
ERC/ERD transactions, which decreased $1,574 from 2018. This was in relation to the third-party tax
refund product provider terminating the Bank’s contract, as previously discussed.
The Company’s noninterest expenses during 2019 increased $2,072, or 5.5%, from 2018. This
increase was impacted by salary and employee benefit expense, which grew $1,333, or 6.0%, during 2019,
as compared to 2018. The increase was largely the result of a voluntary severance package offered to
select employees meeting certain criteria during the fourth quarter of 2019. Offering this severance
package resulted in a one-time expense of $1,507. Noninterest expense growth was also affected by a
$492 increase in professional fees related to higher audit and litigation legal fees. Noninterest expense
increases were partially offset by lower FDIC premium costs associated with lower assessment rates and
the receipt of a portion of the Bank’s premium credit granted by the FDIC during the second half of 2019.
The Company’s provision for income taxes decreased $442 during 2019, largely due to the changes
in taxable income affected by the factors mentioned above.
2018 v. 2017
Ohio Valley generated net income of $11,944 in 2018, an increase of $4,435, or 59.1%, from 2017.
Earnings per share were $2.53 for 2018, an increase of 58.1% from 2017. The increase in net income and
earnings per share for 2018 was impacted by higher net interest income and lower provision expense,
which collectively contributed to a $3,518 increase in earnings over 2017. Net interest income was
positively affected by successful growth in interest earnings for both loans and interest-bearing deposits
with banks driven by increases in average balances. The reduction in provision expense from the prior
year of 2017 was the result of lower general allocations in the allowance for loan losses impacted by the
improvement in various economic risk factors, as well as a decline in historical loan losses. The positive
contributions from net interest income and provision expense were further enhanced by a decrease in tax
expense of $2,231, or 49.7%, from 2017. This was a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”), enacted
on December 22, 2017, which made broad and complex changes to the Internal Revenue Code, including
a reduction of the federal income tax rate from 34% to 21%. These positive contributions to earnings
growth were partially offset by lower noninterest income and higher noninterest expense during 2018, as
compared to 2017. Noninterest income was negatively impacted by lower bank owned life insurance
(“BOLI”) earnings and higher losses on the sale of OREO properties. Increases in noninterest expense
were primarily from salaries and employee benefits.
During 2018, the Company’s net interest income finished strong at $43,726, representing an
increase of $1,993, or 4.8%, from 2017. Average earning assets increased during 2018 by $50,982, or
5.4%, as compared to 2017, coming primarily from loans and interest-bearing balances with banks. The
Company’s average interest-bearing Federal Reserve clearing account grew $30,488, or 48.3%, during
2018, as a result of growth in average deposits exceeding the growth in loans, as well as growth from
seasonal tax refund processing activity. Furthermore, the Federal Reserve's action to increase short-term
interest rates by 100 basis points from December 2017 to December 2018 contributed to interest revenue
growth. The Company’s average loans during 2018 grew $20,791, or 2.8%, led by growth within the
commercial loan segment. Loan growth came mostly from the Company’s West Virginia and Athens,
Ohio locations. While earning assets were up, the Company’s net interest margin declined in 2018,
finishing at 4.43% in 2018, as compared to 4.49% in 2017. Contributing to the decrease in net interest
margin was higher balances maintained at the Federal Reserve, which diluted the net interest margin due
to the yield on those balances being less than other earning assets, such as loans and securities.
57
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Company’s provision expense was reduced to $1,039 in 2018, as compared to $2,564 in 2017.
During 2018, the level of classified loans, or those loans demonstrating financial weakness, decreased
from the prior year due to the improvement in financial performance by certain loan relationships. In
addition, the Company’s historical loss rates on loans, overall loan delinquency, and regional
unemployment conditions improved from the prior year. As a result of these lower risk factors, the general
allocations of the allowance for loan losses decreased by 10.5%.
The Company’s noninterest income decreased $497, or 5.3%, from 2017. The year-to-date
decrease in noninterest income was impacted by BOLI and annuity asset earnings, which decreased over
41% during 2018, largely as a result of $514 in net bank owned life insurance proceeds that were collected
during the prior year of 2017 in conjunction with the Company's investment in various benefit plans for
its directors and key employees. Decreases in noninterest income were also impacted by a $370 increase
in losses on the sale of OREO, which was primarily impacted by the lower appraised value on one land
development property during the fourth quarter of 2018. Further contributing to lower noninterest income
was lower tax processing fees through the Bank’s ERC/ERD transactions, which decreased 6.7%.
Partially offsetting these decreasing factors was an increase in interchange income, which was up 8.5%
from 2017, driven by the rising volume of debit and credit card transactions during 2018.
The Company’s noninterest expenses during 2018 increased $817, or 2.2%, over 2017. The
increase was impacted by salary and employee benefit expense, which grew $1,382, or 6.6%, during 2018,
as compared to 2017. The increase was largely the result of annual merit increases and higher health
insurance costs. Noninterest expense growth was also affected by increases to professional fees, data
processing costs, and software expense. Noninterest expense increases were partially offset by lower costs
associated with foreclosed assets, marketing, and “other” noninterest expenses that included costs to
maintain OREO properties and third-party consulting fees.
The Company’s provision for income taxes totaled $2,255 in 2018, compared to $4,486 in 2017,
which further contributed to growth in net income. The TCJA reduced the Company’s statutory federal
income tax rate from 34% to 21%, resulting in lower tax expense during 2018. Furthermore, in December
2017, the reduction of the federal tax rate required the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities to be
revalued using the enacted 21% federal tax rate. The revaluation resulted in a $1,783 one-time adjustment
that increased tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2017.
NET INTEREST INCOME
The most significant portion of the Company's revenue, net interest income, results from properly
managing the spread between interest income on earning assets and interest expense incurred on interest-
bearing liabilities. The Company earns interest and dividend income from loans, investment securities
and short-term investments while incurring interest expense on interest-bearing deposits and short- and
long-term borrowings. Net interest income is affected by changes in both the average volume and mix of
assets and liabilities and the level of interest rates for financial instruments. Changes in net interest income
are measured by net interest margin and net interest spread. Net interest margin is expressed as the
percentage of net interest income to average interest-earning assets. Net interest spread is the difference
between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing
liabilities. Both of these are reported on a fully tax-equivalent (“FTE”) basis. Net interest margin exceeds
the net interest rate spread because noninterest-bearing sources of funds, principally noninterest-bearing
demand deposits and stockholders' equity, also support interest-earning assets. Following is a discussion
of changes in interest-earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and the associated impact on interest
income and interest expense for the three years ended December 31, 2019. Tables I and II have been
prepared to summarize the significant changes outlined in this analysis.
58
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net interest income in 2019 totaled $43,481 on an FTE basis, down $691, or 1.6%, from 2018.
This negative change reflects the impact of a 3.2% decrease in average earning assets and a 27 basis point
increase in average interest-bearing liabilities, partially offset by a 28 basis point increase in earning asset
yield. The drop in average earning assets included a $35,973, or 37.2%, year-over-year decrease in
average interest-bearing balances with banks. Market rate increases during 2018 had a corresponding
impact to higher average deposit costs, primarily within time and money market deposits. The rate
increases in time deposits during 2018 contributed to a higher consumer demand for CDs, which generated
most of the increase in average interest-bearing liabilities. Consumer depositors also migrated to higher-
costing money market accounts, which contributed to higher average costs within that deposit segment.
Elevated earning asset yields were also impacted by the rise in short-term rates during 2018, which
affected loans and deposits with banks. The net interest margin increase reflected a 27 basis point negative
impact in funding costs completely offset by a 28 basis point positive impact from the mix and yield on
earning assets and a 7 basis point increase in the benefit from noninterest-bearing funding (i.e., demand
deposits and shareholders' equity).
Net interest income decreased in 2019 primarily due to the decrease in average volume of earning
assets plus the increase in average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, partially offset by the increase in
average earning asset yield. The volume decrease in average earning assets was responsible for lowering
FTE interest income by $568 during 2019 over 2018, while the average cost increase in average interest-
bearing liabilities generated an additional $1,784 in interest expense during the same periods. These
effects were partially offset by $1,671 in additional FTE interest income from the average earning asset
yield increase. Average earning assets for 2019 decreased $32,338, or 3.2%, from the prior year, mostly
from interest-bearing balances with banks. The average volume on interest-bearing balances with banks
contributed most to the $374 decrease in interest income from these earning asset deposits during 2019.
Balances within interest-bearing deposits with banks are driven primarily by the Company’s interest-
bearing Federal Reserve Bank clearing account. The Company utilizes its Federal Reserve clearing
account to fund earning asset growth and, prior to 2019, to manage seasonal tax refund deposits. The
processing of tax refund items prior to 2019 generated a stable source of income, as the Company would
experience significant levels of excess funds impacted by the large volume of ERC/ERD transactions that
were maintained within its Federal Reserve clearing account. The Bank acted as the facilitator for these
ERC/ERD transactions and earned a fee for each cleared item. For the short time the Bank held such
refunds, constituting noninterest-bearing deposits, the Bank would increase its deposits with the Federal
Reserve. As previously mentioned, the Bank’s third-party tax refund product provider ceased utilizing the
services of the Bank at the end of 2018. This absence of seasonal excess funds from no tax processing
activity in 2019 led to a 39.0% decrease in average Federal Reserve Bank clearing account balances, which
contributed to lower interest income. Further limiting the interest income generated by the clearing
account was a reduction in short-term interest rates during 2019. In 2018, the Federal Reserve increased
short-term rates by 100 basis points, which increased the interest rate on this clearing account from 1.50%
to 2.50% at year-end 2018. Despite having lower average balances entering 2019, the average yield on
this clearing account was up over the prior year. Then, beginning in August 2019, the Federal Reserve
Bank reduced short-term interest rates by 25 basis points for three consecutive months, lowering the
clearing account interest rate to 1.75% at October 2019. As a result, the average yield factor on interest-
bearing balances with banks had less of an impact to 2019’s earnings, growing interest income by an
additional $325 in 2019, as compared to $674 in additional interest income during 2018. The volume
decrease of the Bank’s Federal Reserve clearing account in 2019 led to a lower composition of average
interest-bearing balances with banks, finishing at 6.3% of average earning assets in 2019, as compared to
9.7% in 2018.
59
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The termination of the relationship with the third-party tax refund product provider, until replaced,
will continue to adversely affect the Company’s liquidity and net income. On March 10, 2020, the Bank
announced that it settled the lawsuit the Bank filed against the third-party tax refund provider alleging
breach of contract. The settlement agreement requires the third-party to make a $2,000 payment during
the first quarter of 2020. In addition, the Bank entered into a new agreement with the third-party to process
future electronic refund checks and deposits presented for payment on behalf of taxpayers through
accounts containing taxpayer refunds. The new agreement provides that the Bank will process refunds
for five tax seasons, beginning with the 2021 tax season and going through the 2025 tax season. The
settlement agreement is subject to the court entering a dismissal of the litigation.
Net interest income was positively impacted by loans, particularly with the change in average
yield. The rise in short-term rates during 2018 had a direct impact on the repricings of a portion of the
Company’s loan portfolio that benefited earnings in 2019. This increased the average loan yield by 16
basis points to 5.94% at year-end 2019, as compared to 5.78% at year-end 2018, and also contributed to
$1,283 in additional FTE interest income during 2019 over 2018. The Company also experienced average
loan growth, which increased $1,865, or 0.2%, during 2019. This growth came mostly from the residential
and commercial real estate loan segments. The impact from the average volume growth in loans
contributed to $108 in additional FTE interest income during 2019 over 2018. While average loans were
up only modestly in 2019, the Company also experienced a large decline in excess fund balances being
maintained within the Federal Reserve Bank clearing account. As a result, the Company finished with a
larger composition of average loans to average earning assets at year-end 2019 of 80.4%, as compared to
77.6% for 2018.
Average securities of $128,391 at year-end 2019 represented a 1.4% increase from the $126,621
in average securities at year-end 2018. Average taxable securities increased 2.8% over the prior year,
particularly from purchases within the agency mortgage-backed investment segment, while average tax
exempt securities were down 12.0% from the prior year, largely related to maturities of state and municipal
investments. The purchases of new taxable securities combined with the significant decrease in average
interest-bearing balances with banks contributed to a higher asset composition of average securities in
2019, finishing at 13.3% of average earning assets at year-end 2019, as compared to 12.7% at year-end
2018. Management continues to focus on generating loan growth as loans provide the greatest return to
the Company. Management maintains securities at a dollar level adequate enough to provide ample
liquidity and cover pledging requirements.
Net interest income was negatively impacted by an upward movement in the average cost of
interest-bearing liabilities, particularly time deposits. With average year-to-date loan balances still up over
the previous year, the Company utilized more CD balances as a funding source to help keep pace with
earning assets. Short-term rate increases from 2018 have had an impact on the repricing of CD rates and
have generated more of a consumer demand to invest in a CD product. The average cost of time deposits
increased 52 basis points from 1.43% in 2018 to 1.95% in 2019, which generated $1,125 in additional
interest expense for the year. To a smaller extent, the volume impact from average time deposit growth
of $5,664, or 2.7%, generated $83 in additional interest expense for the year. The growth in time deposits
led to an increase in the composition of average time deposits to interest-bearing liabilities from 31.9% at
year-end 2018 to 32.6% at year-end 2019.
The Company’s core deposit segment of interest-bearing liabilities consists of negotiable order of
withdrawal (“NOW”), savings and money market accounts. During 2019, average balances on these
deposits remained relatively stable, increasing $515, or 0.1%, and together represented 60.5% of average
interest-bearing liabilities in 2019, as compared to 60.7% in 2018. As a result, the impact to interest
expense from this stable movement of average balances was minimal. However, interest expense was
60
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
significantly impacted by an increase in the average costs of this core group of interest-bearing liabilities,
particularly money market accounts. In the fourth quarter of 2018, a new money market product was
introduced in an effort to attract new deposits. The account offers a more competitive rate that is higher
than the Company’s prior money market account. In addition to attracting new deposits, existing savings
and money market accounts have migrated to the new product. This caused the average cost of savings
and money market accounts to increase from 0.28% in 2018 to 0.55% in 2019, which generated $631 in
additional interest expense for the year.
In addition, the Company’s other borrowings and subordinated debentures collectively decreased
$3,117, or 6.4%, during 2019. The decrease was related to the principal repayments applied to various
FHLB advances. Borrowings and subordinated debentures continue to represent the smallest composition
of average interest-bearing liabilities, finishing at 7.0% and 7.5% at the end of 2019 and 2018,
respectively.
Comparing 2018 to 2017, net interest income of $44,172 on an FTE basis increased $1,661, or
3.9%. This change reflects the impact of a 5.4% increase in average earning assets and a 7 basis point
increase in earning asset yield, partially offset by a 20 basis point cost increase in average interest-bearing
liabilities. Average earning asset growth included a $30,610, or 46.3%, increase in average interest-
bearing balances with banks and a $20,791, or 2.8%, increase in average loans. Earning asset yields were
largely impacted by the rise in short-term rates during 2018, which affected loans and deposits with banks.
Market rate increases during 2018 also had a corresponding impact to higher average deposit costs,
primarily within time deposits. The rate increases in time deposits during 2018 contributed to a higher
consumer demand for those products, particularly CDs, which generated most of the average interest-
bearing liability increase. The net interest margin decrease reflected a 20 basis point negative impact in
funding costs partially offset by a 7 basis point positive impact from the mix and yield on earning assets
and a 7 basis point increase in the benefit from noninterest-bearing funding (i.e., demand deposits and
shareholders' equity).
The increase in average volume and yield of earning assets, partially offset by the increase in
average cost of interest-bearing liabilities was key to the success of 2018’s net interest income
improvement. The volume increase in average earning assets was responsible for producing $1,527 in
additional FTE interest income during 2018 over 2017, while the average yield increase generated an
additional $1,630 in FTE interest income during the same periods. These effects were partially offset by
$1,243 in additional interest expense from the average cost increase in average interest-bearing liabilities.
Average earning assets for 2018 increased $50,982, or 5.4%, from the prior year, led by interest-bearing
balances with banks, which increased $30,610, or 46.3%. More so, the average yield on interest-bearing
balances with banks contributed most to the $1,039 increase in interest income from these earning asset
deposits during 2018. Balances within interest-bearing deposits with banks are driven primarily by the
Company’s interest-bearing Federal Reserve Bank clearing account. During 2018, the Company utilized
its Federal Reserve clearing account to manage seasonal tax refund deposits and fund earning asset growth.
Average Federal Reserve Bank clearing account balances grew 48.3% during 2018, which contributed to
higher interest income. Furthermore, this interest-bearing account carried an interest rate of 1.50% at
December 2017. During 2018, the Federal Reserve increased short-term rates by 25 basis points in each
of March, June, September and December to reach 2.50% at December 31, 2018. The timing of the
December 2017 and March 2018 rate adjustments benefited the Company, as it entered into the first
quarter of 2018 experiencing significant levels of excess funds impacted by the large volume of ERC/ERD
transactions that were maintained within the Federal Reserve clearing account. As previously mentioned,
these ERC/ERD deposits occur primarily during the first half of the year and were the result of the Bank’s
relationship with a third-party tax refund product provider. The Bank was able to redeploy some of these
61
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
excess funds from its Federal Reserve Bank clearing account to help manage the loan growth that was
evident in 2018. However, the average growth in total deposits exceeded the average growth in loans,
which produced a higher composition of average interest-bearing balances with banks, finishing at 9.7%
of average earning assets in 2018, as compared to 7.0% in 2017.
Average earning asset growth also came from loans, which increased $20,791, or 2.8%, during
2018. This growth in loans came mostly from the commercial and consumer loan segments, driven by
the West Virginia and Athens, Ohio market locations. The Company’s West Virginia offices, located in
Mason and Cabell counties, generated over $10,600 in average loans during 2018, particularly within the
commercial loan portfolio segment. Further impacting average loan growth was the Company’s Athens,
Ohio loan production office, which opened in late 2015. This office has served to enhance the Company’s
market presence in Athens County, which generated over $11,800 in average loans during 2018. The
average volume growth in loans contributed to $1,193 in additional FTE interest income during 2018 over
2017. Furthermore, the rise in short-term rates during 2018 also contributed to the repricings of a portion
of the Company’s loan portfolio. This led to a higher average loan yield of 5.78% at year-end 2018, as
compared to 5.68% at year-end 2017, and also contributed to $769 in additional FTE interest income
during 2018 over 2017. While average loans were up in 2018, the Company experienced a higher level
of average deposit liabilities that contributed to larger excess fund balances that were maintained within
its Federal Reserve Bank clearing account. As a result, the Company finished with a smaller composition
of average loans to average earning assets at year-end 2018 of 77.6%, as compared to 79.6% for 2017.
Average securities of $126,621 at year-end 2018 represented a 0.3% decrease from the $127,040
in average securities at year-end 2017. Average tax exempt securities were down 7.5% from the prior
year, largely related to maturities of state and municipal investments, while average taxable securities
increased 0.5%, particularly from purchases within the U.S. Government sponsored entity and Agency
mortgage-backed investment segments. The Company has focused on growing earning assets primarily
through loans, which has contributed to a lower asset composition of securities. Management continues
to focus on generating loan growth as loans provide the greatest return to the Company. Management
maintains securities at a dollar level adequate enough to provide ample liquidity and cover pledging
requirements.
Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $23,842, or 3.8%, from 2017 to 2018. The growth
in interest-bearing deposits during 2018 was mostly from average time deposits, which grew $20,679, or
10.9%, during 2018, impacted by a consumer demand increase for CDs and a special CD offering during
the second half of 2017 that impacted additional average retail funds in 2018. The growth in time deposits
resulted in the composition of average time deposits to interest-bearing liabilities trending upward to
31.9% and 29.8% of total interest-bearing liabilities at year-end 2018 and 2017, respectively. The growth
in earning assets during 2017 and 2018 caused the Company to use more of its time deposits as funding
sources, which contributed to higher composition levels. The higher average cost associated with time
deposits, combined with higher portfolio balances in 2018, contributed to the majority of the interest
expense increase of 2018.
The Company’s core deposit segment of interest-bearing liabilities consists of NOW, savings and
money market accounts. During 2018, average balances on these deposits increased $1,859, or 0.5%, but
together represented 60.7% of average interest-bearing liabilities in 2018, as compared to 62.7% in 2017.
This decreasing shift in composition was impacted by a higher composition of time deposits during 2018,
which were used to help fund earning asset growth. This overall composition shift to lower NOW, savings
and money market balances combined with a higher composition of time deposits from 2017 to 2018
contributed to a 20 basis point increase in the average cost of funds from 0.63% at year-end 2017 to 0.83%
at year-end 2018.
62
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET & ANALYSIS OF NET INTEREST INCOME
Table I
(dollars in thousands)
2019
December 31
2018
2017
Average
Balance
Income/
Expense
Yield/
Average
Average
Balance
Income/
Expense
Yield/
Average
Average
Balance
Income/
Expense
Yield/
Average
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing balances with banks $
Securities:
60,796 $
1,272
2.09 %
$
96,769 $
1,646
1.70 % $
66,159
$
607
0.92 %
Taxable ......................................
Tax exempt ................................
117,530
10,861
2,935
432
Loans ............................................
775,860
46,107
2.50
3.98
5.94
114,278
12,343
2,817
464
773,995
44,716
2.46
3.76
5.78
113,699
13,341
753,204
Total interest-earning assets ..........
965,047
50,746
5.26 %
997,385
49,643
4.98 %
946,403
2,508
617
42,754
46,486
2.21
4.63
5.68
4.91 %
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash and due from banks ..............
Other nonearning assets ................
Allowance for loan losses .............
Total noninterest-earning assets …
12,259
65,397
(7,473 )
70,183
13,027
60,825
(7,981 )
65,871
12,235
62,867
(7,390 )
67,712
Total assets .....................................
$ 1,035,230
$ 1,063,256
$ 1,014,115
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
NOW accounts ..............................
$
162,910 $
538
0.33 %
$ 162,899 $
508
0.31 % $ 157,796
$
Savings and money market ...........
Time deposits ................................
Other borrowed money .................
Subordinated debentures ...............
236,496
215,378
37,350
8,500
1,290
4,198
883
356
0.55
1.95
2.37
4.18
235,992
209,714
40,467
8,500
657
2,990
986
330
0.28
1.43
2.44
3.89
239,236
189,035
39,163
8,500
464
575
1,804
884
248
0.29 %
0.24
0.95
2.26
2.91
Total int.-bearing liabilities ...........
660,634
7,265
1.10 %
657,572
5,471
0.83 %
633,730
3,975
0.63 %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposit accounts ..............
Other liabilities .............................
235,616
16,666
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities
252,282
Shareholders’ equity .....................
122,314
Total liabilities and shareholders’
equity ...........................................
$ 1,035,230
278,034
15,257
293,291
112,393
259,160
13,115
272,275
108,110
$ 1,063,256
$ 1,014,115
Net interest earnings ......................
$
43,481
$
44,172
$
42,511
Net interest earnings as a percent of
interest-earning assets ...................
Net interest rate spread .................
Average interest-bearing liabilities to
average earning assets ......................
4.51 %
4.16 %
68.46 %
4.43 %
4.15 %
65.93 %
4.49 %
4.28 %
66.96 %
Fully taxable equivalent yields are reported for tax exempt securities and loans and calculated assuming a 21% tax rate in 2019 and
2018 and a 34% tax rate in 2017, net of nondeductible interest expense. Tax-equivalent adjustments for securities during the years ended
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 totaled $88, $95, and $206, respectively. Tax-equivalent adjustments for loans during the years ended
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 totaled $341, $351, and $572, respectively. Average balances are computed on an average daily basis.
The average balance for available for sale securities includes the market value adjustment. However, the calculated yield is based on the
securities’ amortized cost. Average loan balances include nonaccruing loans. Loan income includes cash received on nonaccruing loans.
63
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
RATE VOLUME ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN INTEREST INCOME & EXPENSE
Table II
(dollars in thousands)
Interest income
Interest-bearing balances with banks .............
Securities:
Taxable ..........................................................
Tax exempt ....................................................
Loans .............................................................
Total interest income ...................................
Interest expense
NOW accounts ...............................................
Savings and money market ............................
Time deposits.................................................
Other borrowed money ..................................
Subordinated debentures ................................
Total interest expense ..................................
Net interest earnings ....................................
2019
Increase (Decrease)
From Previous Year Due to
2018
Increase (Decrease)
From Previous Year Due to
Volume Yield/Rate Total
Volume Yield/Rate Total
$
(699 ) $
325 $
(374 ) $
365 $
674 $ 1,039
81
(58 )
108
(568 )
37
26
1,283
1,671
118
(32 )
1,391
1,103
13
(44 )
1,193
1,527
296
(109 )
769
1,630
309
(153 )
1,962
3,157
----
2
83
(75 )
----
10
(578 ) $
30
631
1,125
(28 )
26
1,784
(113 ) $
30
16
633
(8 )
1,208
215
(103 )
30
26
----
253
1,794
(691 ) $ 1,274 $
28
90
971
72
82
1,243
44
82
1,186
102
82
1,496
387 $ 1,661
$
The change in interest due to volume and rate is determined as follows: Volume Variance - change in volume multiplied
by the previous year's rate; Yield/Rate Variance - change in rate multiplied by the previous year's volume; Total Variance –
change in volume multiplied by the change in rate. The change in interest due to both volume and rate has been allocated to
volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. The tax
exempt securities and loan income is presented on an FTE basis. FTE yield assumes a 21% tax rate in 2019 and 2018 and a
34% tax rate in 2017, net of related nondeductible interest expense.
In addition, the Company’s other borrowings and subordinated debentures collectively increased
$1,304, or 2.7%, during 2018. The increase was related to management's decision to fund specific fixed-
rate loans with like-term FHLB advances during the first quarter of 2018. Borrowings and subordinated
debentures continue to represent the smallest composition of average interest-bearing liabilities, finishing
at 7.5% at the end of both 2018 and 2017.
During 2019, total interest income on average earning assets increased $1,120, or 2.3%, as
compared to 2018. During 2018, total interest income on average earning assets increased $3,489, or
7.6%, as compared to 2017. The changes in interest income during both comparison periods were
impacted most by the commercial loan portfolio, which portfolio saw improved asset yields during 2019
and 2018 as a result of the rise in interest rates in 2018. The earnings from elevated commercial loan
yields in 2019 completely offset a decrease in average commercial loan balances in 2019, which were
down 0.6% from 2018. This is compared to a 4.7% increase in average commercial loan balances during
2018. As a result, commercial interest and fee revenue grew by $846, or 4.4%, and $1,729, or 9.8%,
during 2019 and 2018, respectively.
64
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Company’s interest and fees from its residential real estate loan portfolio increased by $308,
or 2.3%, during 2019, but decreased $33, or 0.3%, during 2018. This increase was largely the result of an
increase in the Bank's warehouse lending volume. Warehouse lending consists of a line of credit provided
by the Bank to another mortgage lender that makes loans for the purchase of one- to four-family residential
real estate properties. The mortgage lender eventually sells the loans and repays the Bank. Average
warehouse lending balances increased from $8,264 in 2018 to $22,029 in 2019. Positive earnings from
higher warehouse lending volume completely offset the negative impacts from decreases in other
residential real estate assets. The Company continues to experience continued payoffs and maturities of
both long-term fixed-rate mortgages and short-term adjustable-rate mortgages during both 2019 and 2018.
Furthermore, the Company continues to sell a portion of its long-term, fixed-rate real estate loans to the
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, while retaining the servicing rights for those mortgages.
While this strategy has generated loan sale and servicing fee revenue within noninterest income, it has
also limited interest and fee revenues during 2019 and 2018.
In 2019, consumer loan interest and fees increased $247, or 2.1%, as compared to 2018, and
increased $487, or 4.3%, during 2018, as compared to 2017. This was impacted mostly by the average
balance growth associated with increased home equity loan balances, as well as all-terrain and recreational
vehicle loan financings. While growth in average automobile loans had a positive impact to earnings
during 2018, the portfolio has since decreased, limiting the growth in consumer loan revenue for 2019.
The Company’s interest income from taxable investment securities increased $118, or 4.2%, in
2019 and $309, or 12.3%, in 2018. Average balances grew during 2019 and 2018 from increased
purchases of U.S. Government sponsored entity securities and Agency mortgage-backed securities.
Interest income on taxable securities was positively affected by a 4 basis point increase in yield from 2018
to 2019, and a 25 basis point increase in yield from 2017 to 2018. This was primarily due to investment
purchases and reinvestment of maturities at market rates higher than the average portfolio yield.
Total interest expense incurred on the Company’s interest-bearing liabilities increased $1,794, or
32.8%, during 2019, and increased $1,496, or 37.6%, during 2018, primarily from interest expense on
deposits, particularly time deposits and money market accounts. The Company’s strategy continues to
focus on funding earning asset growth with lower cost, core deposit funding sources to further reduce, or
limit growth in, interest expense. However, with the improvement in average loan balances in 2019 and
2018, the Company utilized more CD balances as a funding source. In addition, market rates on the
Company’s CDs repriced at higher rates impacted by the ongoing short-term rate increases in 2018, which
contributed to more consumer demand for CDs during both 2018 and 2019. The Company also
experienced a composition shift within its money market portfolio, which has led to higher interest
expense. As previously mentioned, a new money market product was introduced in the fourth quarter of
2018. Due to the new account offering a more competitive rate than the previous money market account,
consumers migrated to this new product in 2019. Although the composition of average interest-bearing
deposits consists mostly of lower-costing NOW, savings and money market balances, the Company’s
weighted average costs still increased in 2019. This was primarily from an increasing consumer demand
of higher-costing CDs and a composition shift to the new higher-costing money market deposit product.
These factors contributed to an increase in the Company’s weighted average costs from 0.83% at year-
end 2018 to 1.10% at year-end 2019, and from 0.63% at year-end 2017 to 0.83% at year-end 2018.
The Company’s interest expenses were also impacted by other borrowed money and subordinated
debentures, which were down collectively by $77, or 5.9%, during the year ended 2019. This decrease
primarily resulted from the average balance decrease in FHLB borrowings caused by principal
repayments. Conversely, during the year ended 2018, interest expense from these funding sources were
up collectively by $184, or 16.3%, during the year ended 2018. The increase was primarily from the
65
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
average growth in FHLB borrowings, which were used to fund the purchases of specific earning assets
that were originated during both 2018 and 2017.
During 2019, the Company’s net interest margin benefited from a smaller composition of interest-
bearing balances being maintained at the Federal Reserve yielding just 1.75%. In prior years, the higher
balances being maintained at the Federal Reserve diluted the net interest margin due to the yield on those
balances being less than other earning assets, such as loans and securities. Also during 2019, the Company
maintained most of its deposit mix in lower-cost core deposits. These factors were key to completely
offsetting the negative impacts of growing interest costs associated with CDs and money market accounts.
This contributed to net interest margin improvement from 4.43% in 2018 to 4.51% in 2019. Conversely,
the Company experienced an over 46% increase in interest-bearing Federal Reserve balances in 2018
yielding just 2.5%, which effectively diluted the margin in 2018. Also, the Company utilized more of its
higher-costing time deposits in 2018 to fund earning asset growth causing the average cost of funds to
grow by 20 basis points during that time. As a result, the net interest margin for 2018 compressed from
4.49% in 2017 to 4.43% in 2018. The Company will continue to face pressure on its net interest income
and margin improvement if loan balances do not continue to expand and become a larger component of
overall earning assets. Although rate repricings on CDs slowed towards the end of 2019, loan demand
decreased during the second half of 2019, causing the pace of average loan growth over 2018 to compress
during such period. The Company will continue to focus on investing its funds into higher-yielding assets,
particularly loans, as opportunities arise.
PROVISION EXPENSE
Credit risk is inherent in the business of originating loans. The Company sets aside an allowance
for loan losses through charges to income, which are reflected in the consolidated statement of income as
the provision for loan losses. Provision for loan loss is recorded to achieve an allowance for loan losses
that is adequate to absorb losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. Management performs, on a quarterly
basis, a detailed analysis of the allowance for loan losses that encompasses loan portfolio composition,
loan quality, loan loss experience and other relevant economic factors.
The Company’s provision expense during the years ended 2019, 2018 and 2017 totaled $1,000,
$1,039 and $2,564, respectively. These results yielded a $39 decrease in provision expense from 2018 to
2019, and a $1,525 decrease in provision expense from 2017 to 2018. Provision expense in 2019 remained
comparable to 2018 largely due to an increase in specific allocations being offset by decreases in net
charge-offs, general allocations and a decline in loan balances. Specific allocations of the allowance for
loan losses identify loan impairment by measuring fair value of the underlying collateral and the present
value of estimated future cash flows. When re-evaluating impaired loan balances to their corresponding
collateral values at December 31, 2019, a specific allocation of $807 was needed to fund the allowance
for loan losses within the commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, and consumer loan segments.
This reserve allocation was impacted mostly by two impaired loan relationships and required a
corresponding increase to provision for loan losses expense. As a result, specific allocations increased by
$709 from year-end 2018 to year-end 2019.
The increase in specific reserves during 2019 was partially offset by a $354, or 19.6%, decrease in
net-charge offs. Gross charge-offs increased $1,492 during 2019, primarily from charge-offs recorded on
one commercial and industrial loan relationship in September 2019. Gross recoveries increased $1,846
during 2019, primarily from two large commercial real estate recoveries in December 2019.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Further offsetting the impact of higher specific reserves in 2019 was lower general allocations.
The Company’s general allocation evaluates several factors that include: average historical loan loss
trends, credit risk, regional unemployment conditions, asset quality, and changes in classified and
criticized assets. At December 31, 2019, general allocations decreased $1,165, or 17.6%, from $6,630 at
December 31, 2018 to $5,465 at December 31, 2019. In association with heightened recoveries, the
Company’s average historical loan loss factors continued to trend down in 2019, while its criticized asset
risk factor decreased, as well. This, combined with a general decline in loan portfolio balances,
contributed to lower general allocations at year-end 2019. Partially offsetting these positive factors to
general reserves were increases in classified assets and nonperforming levels. The Company’s
nonperforming loans to total loans were 1.30% at year-end 2019, as compared to 1.25% at year-end 2018,
while nonperforming assets to total assets were 1.04% at year-end 2019 and 0.99% at year-end 2018. The
reduction in general reserves contributed to lower provision expense during 2019, as compared to 2018.
The decrease in provision expense in 2018 was mostly impacted by reduced general allocations of
the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s average historical loan loss factors continued to trend down
while its classified asset risk factor decreased in 2018, as well. Furthermore, the Company’s
nonperforming loans to total loans improved from 1.36% at year-end 2017 to 1.25% at year-end 2018,
while nonperforming assets to total assets improved from 1.17% to 0.99% during the same period. As a
result, general allocations totaled $6,630 at December 31, 2018, as compared to $7,405 at December 31,
2017, with the decrease coming primarily within the commercial real estate loan portfolio segment.
Specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses remained comparable from 2017 to 2018.
During 2018, the Company’s net charge-offs totaled $1,810, as compared to $2,764 in net charge-
offs recognized during 2017. The decrease was largely due to the 2017 charge-offs of $612 on one
commercial real estate loan relationship and $399 on one commercial and industrial loan relationship that
both contained specific allocations. These charge-offs from 2017 did not have a corresponding impact to
provision expense since the allocations had already been provided for prior to 2017. Excluding these
specific allocation charge-offs from the previous year, net charge-offs during 2018 would have been up
just $57, or 3.3%, as compared to 2017.
Management believes that the allowance for loan losses was adequate at December 31, 2019 and
reflected probable incurred losses in the portfolio. The allowance for loan losses was 0.81% of total loans
at December 31, 2019, as compared to 0.87% at December 31, 2018 and 0.97% at December 31, 2017.
Future provisions to the allowance for loan losses will continue to be based on management’s quarterly
in-depth evaluation that is discussed in further detail under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies -
Allowance for Loan Losses” within this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.
NONINTEREST INCOME
During 2019, total noninterest income increased $228, or 2.6%, as compared to 2018. The increase
in noninterest revenue was primarily impacted by a net gain on the sale of the Company’s Mount Sterling
and New Holland, Ohio branches. Mount Sterling and New Holland were two of five full-service offices
that were acquired as part of the Company’s merger with Milton Bancorp, Inc., in August 2016. Mount
Sterling and New Holland served the outlying market areas of Madison County and Pickaway County, in
Ohio, respectively, while the remaining branches served the core market area of Jackson County, Ohio.
The decision to sell was driven by the distance of these two branches from the Company’s central market
area. As a result, the Company sold both branches to North Valley Bank on December 6, 2019, which
yielded a net gain of $1,256. This gain was related to a 5% premium on the deposits that were sold.
Also contributing to the increase in noninterest income were lower losses on OREO properties,
which finished with a net loss of $65 at year-end 2019, as compared to a net loss of $559 at year-end 2018.
67
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OREO losses were elevated in 2018 mostly from the liquidation of one foreclosed land development
property during the fourth quarter of 2018 that resulted in a loss on sale of $594.
Noninterest income was also positively impacted in 2019 by an increase in the Company’s
interchange income, as the volume of transactions and new card issuances of its debit and credit card
products continue to grow. The Company has also been successful in promoting the use of both debit and
credit cards by offering incentives that permit their users to redeem accumulated points for merchandise,
as well as cash incentives. As a result, debit and credit card interchange income increased $243, or 6.6%,
during 2019, as compared to 2018. While incenting debit and credit card customers has increased customer
use of electronic payments, which has contributed to higher interchange revenue, the strategy also fits well
with the Company's emphasis on growing and enhancing its customer relationships.
Partially offsetting these positive contributors to noninterest income in 2019 was a reduction in
seasonal tax refund processing revenue classified as ERC/ERD fees. During the year ended 2019, the
Company’s ERC/ERD fees decreased by $1,574, or 99.7%, as compared to the same period in 2018. As
previously mentioned, the Bank’s third-party tax refund product provider ceased utilizing the services of
the Bank at the end of 2018.
The Company’s remaining noninterest income categories were down $191, or 4.5%, during the
year ended 2019 as compared to 2018. This was in large part due to a $114 decrease in overdraft income
in 2019 impacted by a lower volume of non-sufficient fund activity. Furthermore, interest rate swap
revenue decreased $84 in 2019 due to lower fees resulting from a large origination in 2018. The Company
utilizes interest rate swaps to satisfy the desire of large commercial customers to have a fixed-rate loan
while permitting the Company to originate a variable-rate loan, which helps mitigate interest rate risk. In
association with establishing an interest rate swap agreement, the Company earns a swap fee at the time
of origination. The dollar amount of originations decreased during 2019, causing lower fee revenue.
During 2018, total noninterest income decreased $497, or 5.3%, as compared to 2017. The
decrease in noninterest revenue was impacted by earnings from tax-free BOLI investments. BOLI
investments are maintained by the Company in association with various benefit plans, including deferred
compensation plans, director retirement plans and supplemental retirement plans. During 2017, the
Company recorded $2,107 in cash proceeds and $1,993 in anticipated cash proceeds related to three BOLI
participants, which yielded net BOLI proceeds of $514 that were recorded to income. Those 2017 BOLI
proceeds contributed most to the 41.5% decrease in BOLI and annuity asset income, which finished at
$717 for 2018, as compared to $1,226 in 2017.
Also contributing to the decrease in noninterest income were higher losses on OREO properties,
which finished with a net loss of $559 at year-end 2018, as compared to a net loss of $189 at year-end
2017. OREO losses were elevated in 2018 mostly from the liquidation of one foreclosed land development
property during the fourth quarter of 2018 that resulted in a loss on sale of $594.
Noninterest income was also negatively impacted in 2018 by a reduction in seasonal tax refund
processing revenue classified as ERC/ERD fees. During the year ended 2018, the Company’s ERC/ERD
fees decreased by $113, or 6.7%, as compared to the same period in 2017, largely due to reduced
transaction fees associated with each refund facilitated pursuant to the Company’s contract with a third-
party tax refund product provider. Furthermore, the Company experienced a decrease in the number of
ERC/ERD transactions that were facilitated. As a result of ERC/ERD fee activity being mostly seasonal,
the majority of income was recorded during the first half of 2018, accounting for 17.7% of total noninterest
income for the year.
Partially offsetting the negative effects to noninterest income in 2018 was an increase in the
Company’s interchange income from 2017, as the transaction volume associated with its debit and credit
card products continued to grow. Card transactions came mostly from restaurant, gasoline and retail store
68
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
purchases. Debit and credit card interchange income increased $286, or 8.5%, during 2018, as compared
to 2017.
Positive increases to noninterest income in 2018 also came from the Company’s interest rate swap
revenue. The increase in transactions involving an interest rate swap during 2018 led to swap fees totaling
$114 during the year ended December 31, 2018. As a result, interest rate swap revenue improved to $139
during 2018, as compared to $42 during 2017.
The Company’s remaining noninterest income categories were up $112, or 3.4%, during the year
ended 2018 as compared to 2017, in large part due to higher mortgage banking income.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Management continues to work diligently to minimize the growth in noninterest expense. For
2019, total noninterest expense increased $2,072, or 5.5%, as compared to 2018. The increase was mostly
from salaries and employee benefits, the Company’s largest noninterest expense item. During the year
ended December 31, 2019, salaries and employee benefits increased $1,333, or 6.0%, as compared to the
same period in 2018. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company offered a voluntary severance
package to select employees meeting certain criteria in their job positions. Those that accepted the early
retirement package retired effective 12/31/19. In connection with this severance package, the Company
incurred a one-time expense of $1,507 in December 2019. While the severance expense was a significant
cost to the Company in 2019, it is expected to lower salaries and employee benefit costs going forward.
Absent the severance payout, salaries and employee benefit expense would have decreased in 2019, as
compared to 2018, primarily due to the lower number of employees in 2019, which more than offset the
expenses associated with annual merit increases and higher insurance expense.
The Company also experienced an increase in professional fees, which grew $492, or 24.4%,
during 2019, as compared to 2018. The increase in professional fees was mostly affected by legal
expenses associated with the Bank’s lawsuit against the third-party tax software product provider related
to the early termination of the Bank’s tax refund processing contract.
Further increasing noninterest expense was higher software costs, which increased $172, or 11.2%,
during 2019, as compared to 2018. This was largely impacted by the disposal of various pieces of
incompatible software during the fourth quarter of 2019.
Partially offsetting the increase in noninterest expense in 2019 were lower FDIC premiums. FDIC
premium expense decreased $334, or 74.7%, during 2019, as compared to 2018. The decrease in premium
expense was primarily related to lower assessment rates in 2019. FDIC assessments were further reduced
by the FDIC crediting back a portion of the Bank’s premium because the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”)
exceeded the statutory minimum of 1.35%. As a result, the FDIC issued credits to banks with assets of
less than $10 billion. The credits were based on the portion of bank assessments that had contributed to
the successful DIF level. The FDIC calculated the Bank’s associated credit to be $253. In September and
December 2019, the Bank was able to utilize $138 of its FDIC credit to fully absorb its third and fourth
quarter 2019 FDIC assessments. The Bank anticipates utilizing the $115 in remaining FDIC credits to
fully absorb its first quarter 2020 FDIC assessment, and a portion of its second quarter 2020 assessment.
Data processing expenses also provided cost savings to the Company’s overhead, decreasing
$119, or 5.6%, in 2019, as compared to 2018. The impact was primarily from nonrecurring transition costs
associated with changing debit card processing providers in 2018.
Other noninterest expenses increased $311, or 6.0%, during 2019, as compared to 2018. This
increase was impacted by various activities, including consulting fees (up $90), fraudulent expense (up
$74), customer incentives (up $68), examination costs (up $38), and loan expense (up $29). Increases in
consulting fees were largely associated with the branch sale of the Mount Sterling and New Holland
69
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
offices. The increase in fraudulent expenses was primarily the result of increased consumer spending on
retail transactions. Customer incentive costs continued to trend higher during 2019 as part of
management’s emphasis on further building and maintaining core deposit relationships while increasing
interchange revenue. Examination costs were impacted by an increase in annual assessments on Ohio-
chartered banks during the second half of 2019, as well as higher trust department examination costs.
The remaining noninterest expense categories increased $217, or 5.5%, during the year-ended
2019, as compared to 2018. The increases were primarily from higher costs associated with occupancy,
furniture and equipment, marketing and intangible amortization expense.
Total noninterest expense in 2018 increased $817, or 2.2%. The increase was mostly from salaries
and employee benefits, the Company’s largest noninterest expense item. During the year ended December
31, 2018, salaries and employee benefits increased $1,382, or 6.6%, as compared to the same period in
2017. The increase was largely from employee compensation costs associated with annual merit increases
and higher insurance expense.
The Company also experienced an increase in professional fees, which grew $224, or 12.5%,
during 2018, as compared to 2017. Professional fees were impacted by accounting expenses associated
with adhering to regulatory guidance and legal expenses associated with the recovery efforts on loan
deficiency balances.
Partially offsetting the negative impacts to noninterest expense was lower foreclosure expense,
which decreased $261, or 52.3%, during 2018, as compared to 2017. Costs associated with foreclosed
assets include the costs of maintaining various commercial real estate properties, such as taxes,
management fees and general maintenance.
Marketing expense also decreased $257, or 24.9%, during 2018, as compared to 2017. The
Company’s marketing activities include costs associated with advertising, donation and public relations.
Other noninterest expenses decreased $238, or 4.3%, during 2018, as compared to 2017. This
decrease was impacted by various activities, including OREO maintenance (down $288) and consulting
fees (down $81), partially offset by customer incentives (up $114) and state examination costs (up $45).
OREO maintenance deals with the costs associated with property assets that have been acquired through
foreclosure. For 2018, these expenses included the costs of maintaining various commercial real estate
properties, which consist of taxes, management fees and general maintenance. Decreases in consulting
fees were associated with credit card revenue enhancement strategies that were incurred during 2017.
Customer incentive costs also increased during 2018 as part of management’s core deposit relationship
strategy. Higher state examination costs are a result of the reinstatement of annual assessments on Ohio-
chartered banks during the fourth quarter of 2017. Due to the timing of reinstatement, the annual
assessment by the Ohio Division of Financial Institutions covered all of 2018, as compared to just the
second half of 2017.
The remaining noninterest expense categories decreased $33, or 0.5%, during the year-ended 2018,
as compared to 2017. The decreases were primarily due to lower building and equipment costs, as well
as lower costs related to assets in process of foreclosure.
The Company's efficiency ratio is defined as noninterest expense as a percentage of fully tax-
equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income. The effects from provision expense are excluded
from the efficiency ratio. Management continues to place emphasis on managing its balance sheet mix
and interest rate sensitivity as well as developing more innovative ways to generate noninterest revenue.
During 2019, the Company’s net interest income finished below the previous year primarily due to a
decrease in average earning assets combined with higher deposit costs related to CDs and money market
accounts. Furthermore, noninterest expenses increased 5.5%, outpacing the 2.6% growth in noninterest
revenue. As a result, the Company's efficiency number increased (regressed) from 70.47% at December
70
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
31, 2018 to 75.02% at December 31, 2019. During 2018, the Company was successful in generating more
net interest income primarily due to higher average earning assets and increases in short-term market rates,
but experienced margin compression due to larger amounts of excess deposits being maintained in lower-
yielding asset accounts. Furthermore, noninterest revenue decreased 5.3% during 2018, which, when
combined with net interest income, lowered the overall revenue growth pace to a level comparable to the
pace of growth in overhead expense. As a result, the Company's efficiency number improved just slightly
to 70.47% at December 31, 2018, as compared to 70.48% at December 31, 2017.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes during 2019 totaled $1,813 compared to $2,255 in 2018 and $4,486
in 2017. The effective tax rates for 2019, 2018 and 2017 were 15.5%, 15.9% and 37.4%, respectively.
The change in the effective tax rate from 2018 to 2019 was minimal. The decline in the effective tax rate
from 2017 to 2018 reflects the changes made by the TCJA, which was enacted on December 22, 2017.
The TCJA provided for a reduction in the corporate federal income tax rate from 34% to 21% effective
January 1, 2018, as well as the introduction of business-related exclusions, deductions and credits. The
higher effective tax rate from 2017 was the result of a $1,783 tax expense adjustment related to the TCJA.
During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities had to be revalued
using the 21% federal tax rate.
FINANCIAL CONDITION:
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, as well as interest- and non-interest
bearing balances due from banks. The amounts of cash and cash equivalents fluctuate on a daily basis
due to customer activity and liquidity needs. At December 31, 2019, cash and cash equivalents had
decreased $18,824, or 26.4%, to finish at $52,356, as compared to $71,180 at December 31, 2018. The
decrease in cash and cash equivalents came mostly from the Company’s interest-bearing Federal Reserve
Bank clearing account, impacted by the sale of Mount Sterling and New Holland, Ohio branches to North
Valley Bank in December 2019. As part of the sale, the Company funded the transfer of $26,000 in
deposits to North Valley Bank in exchange for a 5% deposit premium. At December 31, 2019, the
Company’s interest-bearing Federal Reserve Bank clearing account represented over 72% of cash and
cash equivalents. The Company utilizes its interest-bearing Federal Reserve Bank clearing account to
manage excess funds, as well as to assist in funding earning asset growth. Prior to 2019, the Federal
Reserve clearing account was also used to maintain seasonal tax refund deposits associated with the
Bank’s tax processing activity. In 2018, the Company was informed by its third-party tax refund product
provider that the provider would cease utilizing the services of the Bank by the end of 2018, before the
contract expiration date of December 31, 2019. With the elimination of this seasonal activity in 2019, the
amount of excess funds that had traditionally been available to the Bank in previous years was significantly
lower during 2019. The interest rate paid on both the required and excess reserve balances of the Federal
Reserve Bank account is based on the targeted federal funds rate established by the Federal Open Market
Committee. During 2018, the rate associated with the Company’s Federal Reserve Bank clearing account
increased 100 basis points to 2.5% as a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to increase short-term market
rates. The clearing account’s interest rate remained at 2.5% through the first half of 2019. During the
second half of 2019, the Federal Reserve took action to reduce short-term market rates by 75 basis points,
which lowered the Company’s Federal Reserve clearing account rate down to 1.75% at December 31,
2019. Although considered nominal, the Federal Reserve Bank clearing account’s current rate of 1.75%
71
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
is higher than the rate the Company would have received from its investments in federal funds sold.
Furthermore, Federal Reserve Bank balances are 100% secured. The positive impact from 2018’s short-
term rate increases did not translate to higher interest revenue from the Federal Reserve Bank clearing
account due to the significant decline in seasonal tax deposits from a year ago.
Investment Portfolio Composition
at December 31, 2019
As liquidity levels vary continuously based on consumer activities, amounts of cash and cash
equivalents can vary widely at any given point in time. The Company’s focus will be to invest available
funds into longer-term, higher-yielding assets, primarily loans, when the opportunities arise. The Bank
anticipates
tax processing
the new
agreement it has entered into with a third-
party, as discussed above, will [materially]
improve its liquidity levels during the term of
that agreement. Further information regarding
the Company’s liquidity can be found under
the caption “Liquidity” in this Management’s
Discussion and Analysis.
US Government sponsored entities
14.26%
Mtg-backed
75.49%
that
Municipals
10.25%
at December 31, 2018
US Government sponsored entities
14.10%
Mtg-backed
72.50%
Municipals
13.40%
CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
IN
At December 31, 2019, the Company
had $2,360 in certificates of deposit owned by
the Captive, up $295, or 14.3%, from year-
end 2018. The deposits on hand at December
31, 2019 consist of ten certificates with
remaining maturity terms ranging from less
than 12 months up to 33 months.
SECURITIES
Management's goal in structuring the
portfolio is to maintain a prudent level of
liquidity while providing an acceptable rate of
return without sacrificing asset quality. During 2019, the balance of total securities decreased $629, or
0.5%, compared to year-end 2018. The Company’s investment securities portfolio is made up mostly of
Agency mortgage-backed securities, representing 75.5% of total investments at December 31, 2019.
During the year ended 2019, the Company invested $20,127 in new Agency mortgage-backed securities,
while receiving principal repayments of $19,937. The monthly repayment of principal has been the
primary advantage of Agency mortgage-backed securities as compared to other types of investment
securities, which deliver proceeds upon maturity or call date. The Company also experienced increased
maturities and principal repayments associated with its state and municipal security portfolio, which
decreased $3,782, or 23.9%, compared to year-end 2018.
In addition, decreasing market rates during 2019 led to a $3,371 decrease in the net unrealized loss
position associated with the Company’s available for sale securities, which increased the fair value of
securities at December 31, 2019. The fair value of an investment security moves inversely to interest
rates, so as rates decreased, the unrealized loss in the portfolio was reduced. These changes in rates are
typical and do not impact earnings of the Company as long as the securities are held to full maturity.
Management has not had to sell a debt security during 2019 and 2018 in order to maintain
sufficient liquidity, as maturing securities have historically accomplished this.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
SECURITIES
Table III
As of December 31, 2019
(dollars in thousands)
Within
One Year
After One but Within
Five Years
After Five but Within
Ten Years
MATURING
Amount Yield
Amount Yield
Amount Yield
After Ten Years
Amount Yield
U.S. Government
sponsored entity
securities ...................... $
Obligations of states and
political subdivisions ....
Agency mortgage-backed
securities, residential .....
Total securities ................ $
3,413 2.15 % $ 13,323
2.35 % $
----
----
$
----
----
644
3.35 %
6,813
5.05 %
4,945
5.58 %
676
4,733
3.45 % 78,080
2.50 % $ 98,216
9,828
2.54 %
2.69 % $ 14,773
2.50 %
3.53 % $
----
----
----
----
----
----
Tax-equivalent adjustments of $88 have been made in calculating yields on obligations of states and political
subdivisions using a 21% rate. Weighted average yields are calculated on the basis of the cost and effective yields
weighted for the scheduled maturity of each security. Mortgage-backed securities, which have prepayment provisions,
are assigned to a maturity category based on estimated average lives. Securities are shown at their fair values, which
include the market value adjustments for available for sale securities.
Prior to 2017, the reinvestment rates on debt securities had shown limited returns due to a sustained
low rate environment. The weighted average FTE yield on debt securities was 2.29% at year-end 2017.
Short-term rate increases of 75 basis points in 2017 and 100 basis points in 2018 have had a lagging, but
positive impact to the yield on average securities. As a result, the weighted average FTE yield on debt
securities has steadily improved to 2.46% at December 31, 2019, as compared to 2.39% at December 31,
2018 and 2.29% at December 31, 2017. While the return performance of debt securities has improved, the
Company’s focus will still be to generate interest revenue primarily through loan growth, as loans generate
the highest yields of total earning assets. Table III provides a summary of the securities portfolio by
category and remaining contractual maturity. Issues classified as equity securities have no stated maturity
date and are not included in Table III.
LOANS
In 2019, the Company's primary category of earning assets and most significant source of interest
income, total loans, decreased $4,278, or 0.6%, to finish at $772,774. The decrease in loan balances from
year-end 2018 came primarily from the commercial and consumer loan portfolios, being partially offset
by balance increases in the residential real estate loan portfolio.
Management continues to place emphasis on its commercial lending, which generally yields a
higher return on investment as compared to other types of loans. The commercial lending segment
decreased $7,444, or 2.3%, from year-end 2018, which came mostly from the commercial and industrial
loan portfolio, which decreased $13,220, or 11.7%, from year-end 2018. Over half of the decrease came
from the charge-offs and payoffs of several loans from three commercial borrower relationships.
Commercial and industrial loans consist of loans to corporate borrowers primarily in small to mid-sized
industrial and commercial companies that include service, retail and wholesale merchants. Collateral
securing these loans includes equipment, inventory, and stock. The commercial real estate loan segment
73
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Residential Real
Estate
40.15%
loans
loans
for which
Consumer
18.16%
Commercial
Real Estate
28.75%
Commercial &
Industrial
12.94%
at December 31, 2018
Loan Portfolio Composition
at December 31, 2019
comprises the largest portion of the Company's total commercial loan portfolio at December 31, 2019,
representing 69.0%. Commercial real estate consists of owner-occupied, nonowner-occupied and
construction loans. Owner-occupied loans consist of nonfarm, nonresidential properties. A commercial
owner-occupied loan is a borrower purchased building or space for which the repayment of principal is
dependent upon cash flows from the
ongoing operations conducted by the
party, or an affiliate of the party, who
owns the property. Owner-occupied
loans of the Company include loans
secured by hospitals, churches, and
hardware and convenience stores.
are
Nonowner-occupied
property
the
repayment of principal is dependent
upon rental income associated with
the property or the subsequent sale of
the property, such as apartment
buildings, condominiums, hotels and
motels. These loans are primarily
impacted
economic
conditions, which dictate occupancy
rates and the amount of rent charged.
Commercial construction loans are
extended to individuals as well as
corporations for the construction of
an individual property or multiple
properties and are secured by raw
land
subsequent
the
improvements. Commercial real
estate
loan
participations with other banks
the Company’s primary
outside
market area. Although the Company
is not actively seeking to participate in loans originated outside its primary market area, it has taken
advantage of the relationships it has with certain lenders in those areas where the Company believes it can
profitably participate with an acceptable level of risk. Commercial real estate loans totaled $222,136 at
December 31, 2019, an increase of $5,776, or 2.7%, over the balance of commercial real estate loans at
year-end 2018. Most of this growth came from nonowner-occupied loan originations, with balances
increasing $14,210, or 12.1%, from year-end 2018. Nonowner-occupied loan originations during 2019
came mostly from the Waverly, Ohio and West Virginia market areas. Partially offsetting increases in the
nonowner-occupied loan segment were larger payoffs from the owner-occupied loan segment, which
decreased $5,869, or 9.5%, from year-end 2018. Furthermore, construction loans related to one- to four-
family residential homes, as well as multi-family residential and land development properties, decreased
$2,565, or 6.8%, from year-end 2018.
Residential Real
Estate
39.13%
Commercial &
Industrial
14.57%
Commercial
Real Estate
27.84%
Consumer
18.46%
includes
local
also
and
by
While management believes lending opportunities exist in the Company's markets, future
commercial lending activities will depend upon economic and related conditions, such as general demand
74
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
for loans in the Company's primary markets, interest rates offered by the Company, the effects of
competitive pressure and normal underwriting considerations.
Loan decreases also occurred within the Company’s consumer loan portfolio, which decreased
$3,008, or 2.1%, from year-end 2018. The Company’s consumer loans are primarily secured by
automobiles, mobile homes, recreational vehicles and other personal property. Personal loans and
unsecured credit card receivables are also included as consumer loans. The consumer loan portfolio during
2019 was impacted most by lower automobile loans, which decreased $6,456, or 9.2%, from year-end
2018. Automobile loans represent the Company's largest consumer loan segment at 45.4% of total
consumer loans. Impacting this was a lower demand for car loans within the Company’s market areas, as
well as increased competition with local banks. The decrease in automobile loans was partially offset by
increases in both home equity and other consumer type loans, which collectively were up $3,448, or 4.7%,
from year-end 2018. This increase was led mostly by other consumer loan types, such as all-terrain and
recreational vehicles, as well as unsecured loans. The Company will continue to attempt to increase its
auto lending segment while maintaining strict loan underwriting processes to limit future loss exposure.
However, the Company will place more emphasis on loan portfolios (i.e. commercial and, to a smaller
extent, residential real estate) with higher returns than auto loans. Indirect automobile loans bear
additional costs from dealers that partially offset interest revenue and lower the rate of return.
Generating residential real estate loans remains a significant focus of the Company’s lending
efforts. The residential real estate loan segment comprises the largest portion of the Company's overall
loan portfolio at 40.2% and consists primarily of one- to four-family residential mortgages and carries
many of the same customer and industry risks as the commercial loan portfolio. The increase in residential
real estate loans was largely the result of the Bank's warehouse lending volume. Warehouse lending
consists of a line of credit provided by the Bank to another mortgage lender that makes loans for the
purchase of one- to four-family residential real estate properties. The mortgage lender eventually sells the
loans and repays the Bank. From year-end 2018, warehouse lending balances increased $9,130, or 57.7%.
The increase in warehouse lending volume was partially offset by decreases in residential real estate loans.
This decrease was largely the result of increasing short-term adjustable-rate mortgages, which were up
$4,163, being completely offset by decreasing long-term fixed-rate mortgages, which decreased $6,762,
from year-end 2018. As part of management’s interest rate risk strategy, the Company continues to sell
most of its long-term fixed-rate residential mortgages to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation,
while maintaining the servicing rights for those mortgages. A customer which does not qualify for a long-
term, secondary market loan may choose from one of the Company's other adjustable-rate mortgage
products, which has contributed to higher balances of adjustable-rate mortgages from year-end 2018.
The Company will continue to follow its secondary market strategy until long-term interest rates
increase back to a range that falls within an acceptable level of interest rate risk for the Company.
Furthermore, the Company will continue to monitor the pace of its loan volume and remain consistent in
its approach to sound underwriting practices and a focus on asset quality.
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
Tables IV and V have been provided to enhance the understanding of the loan portfolio and the
allowance for loan losses. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses quarterly
based on several factors, including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, loan portfolio
composition, prior loan loss experience, and management's estimate of probable incurred losses.
Management continually monitors the loan portfolio to identify potential portfolio risks and to detect
potential credit deterioration in the early stages, and then establishes reserves based upon its evaluation of
these inherent risks. Actual losses on loans are reflected as reductions in the reserve and are referred to as
75
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
charge-offs. The amount of the provision for loan losses charged to operating expenses is the amount
necessary, in management's opinion, to maintain the allowance for loan losses at an adequate level that is
reflective of probable and inherent loss. The allowance required is primarily a function of the relative
quality of the loans in the loan portfolio, the mix of loans in the portfolio and the rate of growth of
outstanding loans. Impaired loans, which include loans classified as TDRs, are considered in the
determination of the overall adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.
Management continues to focus on improving asset quality and lowering credit risk while working
to maintain its relationships with its borrowers. During 2019, the Company’s allowance for loan losses
decreased $456, or 6.8%, to finish at $6,272, compared to $6,728 at year-end 2018. The allowance was
impacted by a decrease of $1,165 in general allocations from year-end 2018. As part of the Company’s
quarterly analysis of the allowance for loan losses, management reviewed various factors that directly
impact the general allocation needs of the allowance, which include: historical loan losses, loan
delinquency levels, local economic conditions and unemployment rates, criticized/classified asset
coverage levels and loan loss recoveries. From year-end 2018, the Company’s historical loss factor
decreased by 3 basis points, while the economic risk factor decreased by 12 basis points, which contributed
to a lower general allocation of the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2019. The average historical
loss factor continues to improve in large part from increases in loan recoveries. Loan recoveries have
increased in each of the past three years, contributing to lower net charge-offs of $1,456 at December 31,
2019, $1,810 at December 31, 2018, and $2,764 at December 31, 2017. Improvement in the economic
risk factor from year-end 2018 was largely due to various commercial loan upgrades resulting from
improvements in the financial performance of certain borrowers’ ability to repay their loans. This
contributed to lower criticized assets for the year, particularly within the commercial owner-occupied and
commercial and industrial loan segments.
Specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses identify loan impairment by measuring fair
value of the underlying collateral and the present value of estimated future cash flows. At year-end 2019,
the Company finished with $807 in specific allocations, as compared to $98 in specific allocations at year-
end 2018. This increase in specific reserves was impacted mostly by two impaired loan relationships that
were determined to have collateral impairment in December 2019.
At December 31, 2019, the ratio of the allowance for loan losses decreased to 0.81%, compared to
0.87% at December 31, 2018. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses at December 31,
2019 was adequate and reflected probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio. There can be no assurance,
however, that adjustments to the allowance for loan losses will not be required in the future. Changes in
the circumstances of particular borrowers, as well as adverse developments in the economy, are factors
that could change, and management will make adjustments to the allowance for loan losses as necessary.
Asset quality will continue to remain a key focus, as management continues to stress not just loan growth,
but quality in loan underwriting as well. Future provisions to the allowance for loan losses will continue
to be based on management’s quarterly in-depth evaluation that is discussed in further detail under the
caption “Critical Accounting Policies - Allowance for Loan Losses” within this Management’s Discussion
and Analysis.
76
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
ALLOCATION OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
Table IV
(dollars in thousands)
Years Ended December 31
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
Commercial loans(1) ....................... $
Percentage of loans to total loans .
3,375 $
41.68 %
3,249
42.41 %
$
4,002
41.66 %
$
5,222
42.81 %
$
Residential real estate loans ...........
Percentage of loans to total loans .
1,250
40.15 %
Consumer loans(2)...........................
Percentage of loans to total loans .
1,647
18.17 %
1,583
39.13 %
1,896
18.46 %
1,470
40.19 %
2,027
18.15 %
939
38.92 %
1,538
18.27 %
4,548
42.89 %
1,087
38.22 %
1,013
18.89 %
Allowance for loan losses ........... $
6,272 $
100.00 %
6,728
100.00 %
$
7,499
100.00 %
$
7,699
100.00 %
$
6,648
100.00 %
Ratio of net charge-offs to average
loans
.19 %
.23 %
.37 %
.28 %
.47 %
The above allocation is based on estimates and subjective judgments and is not necessarily indicative of the specific amounts
or loan categories in which losses may ultimately occur.
(1) Includes commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans.
(2) Includes automobile, home equity and other consumer loans.
SUMMARY OF NONPERFORMING, PAST DUE AND RESTRUCTURED LOANS
Table V
(dollars in thousands)
At December 31
Impaired loans............................................. $
Past due 90 days or more and still accruing
Nonaccrual ..................................................
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more to
total loans ..................................................
Nonaccrual loans as a % of total loans........
Impaired loans as a % of total loans ...........
Allowance for loan losses as a % of total
loans ..........................................................
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
17,135 $
889
9,149
12,618 $
1,067
8,677
18,108 $
334
10,112
22,709 $
327
8,961
17,228
39
7,236
.12 %
1.18 %
2.22 %
.14 %
1.11 %
1.62 %
.04 %
1.32 %
2.35 %
.04 %
1.22 %
3.09 %
.01 %
1.23 %
2.94 %
.81 %
.87 %
.97 %
1.05 %
1.13 %
The impaired loan disclosures are comparable to the nonperforming loan disclosures except that the impaired loan
disclosures do not include single-family residential or consumer loans which are analyzed in the aggregate for loan impairment
purposes. All of the Company’s troubled debt restructurings are classified as impaired.
Management formally considers placing a loan on nonaccrual status when collection of principal or interest has become
doubtful. Furthermore, a loan should not be returned to the accrual status unless either all delinquent principal or interest has
been brought current or the loan becomes well secured and is in the process of collection.
77
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
MATURITY AND REPRICING DATA OF LOANS
As of December 31, 2019
Table VI
(dollars in thousands)
MATURING / REPRICING
After One
but Within
Five Years
After Five
Years
Within One
Year
Residential real estate loans ............................................... $
Commercial loans(1) ...........................................................
Consumer loans(2) ..............................................................
Total loans ........................................................................ $
97,110 $
129,675
45,513
272,298 $
140,332 $
147,010
71,292
358,634 $
72,811 $
45,474
23,557
141,842 $
Total
310,253
322,159
140,362
772,774
Loans maturing or repricing after one year with:
Variable interest rates .................................................................................................................................. $
Fixed interest rates ......................................................................................................................................
Total ............................................................................................................................................................ $
284,507
215,969
500,476
(1) Includes commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans.
(2) Includes automobile, home equity and other consumer loans.
DEPOSITS
Deposits are used as part of the Company’s liquidity management strategy to meet obligations for
depositor withdrawals, to fund the borrowing needs of loan customers, and to fund ongoing operations.
Deposits, both interest- and noninterest-bearing, continue to be the most significant source of funds used
by the Company to support earning assets. Deposits are attractive sources of funding because of their
stability and generally low cost as compared with other funding sources. The Company seeks to maintain
a proper balance of core deposit relationships on hand while also utilizing various wholesale deposit
sources, such as brokered and internet CD balances, as an alternative funding source to manage efficiently
the net interest margin. Deposits are influenced by changes in interest rates, economic conditions and
competition from other banks. Table VII shows the composition of total deposits as of December 31,
2019, 2018 and 2017. Total deposits decreased $25,233, or 3.0%, from year-end 2018 to finish at
$821,471 at December 31, 2019. The decrease was largely from the Company’s sale of the Mount Sterling
and New Holland, Ohio branches to North Valley Bank. As a result, deposits totaling over $26,000 were
transferred to North Valley Bank in December 2019, causing a significant decline in deposits at the end
of the year. Absent the branch sale, the Company’s total deposits would have increased $1,154, or 0.1%,
during 2019.
Total deposits consist mostly of “core” deposits, which include noninterest-bearing deposits, as
well as interest-bearing demand, savings, and money market deposits. The Bank focuses on core deposit
relationships with consumers from local markets who can maintain multiple accounts and services at the
Bank. The Company believes such core deposits are more stable and less sensitive to changing interest
rates and other economic factors. The decrease in total deposits came primarily from noninterest-bearing
balances, which decreased $15,214, or 6.4%, from year-end 2018. Excluding the impact of the branch
sale, total noninterest-bearing balances would have decreased $6,556, or 2.9%, from year-end 2018. This
change came mostly from lower business checking accounts.
78
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Demand
27.10%
NOW Accounts
19.29%
CDs of 250M
or less
13.64%
Savings & Money Market
28.08%
Composition of Total Deposits
at December 31, 2019
Lower deposits also came from interest-bearing deposits, which decreased $10,019, or 1.6%, in
2019. Decreases in interest-bearing deposit balances came mostly from the Company’s time deposits,
which include CDs and individual retirement accounts. Total time deposits decreased $6,091, or 2.8%,
from year-end 2018. Excluding the impact of
the branch sale, total time deposits would
have decreased $1,708, or 0.8%, from year-
end 2018. This decrease came largely from
the Company's retail CDs, which decreased
3.0% from year-end 2018. During 2017 and
2018, the Company experienced a resurgence
in consumer demand for CDs, impacted by a
short-term competitive rate offering, as well
as increases in market investment rates. With
market rates rising in 2017 and 2018,
management adjusted its CD rates upward,
which generated more consumer preference
to invest in 1- to 2-year CDs, as compared to
a tiered money market product. After the
large volume of consumers investing in CDs
during 2017 and 2018, new growth in CDs
began to normalize in 2019, while market
rates began to move back down. This
contributed to the decrease in CD balances
from year-end 2018. While the Company's
preference is to fund earning asset demand
with retail core deposits, wholesale deposits
are utilized to help satisfy earning asset
growth. With consumers having invested
more into CD balances during most of 2019,
the Company’s brokered CD
issuances
decreased $490, or 1.5%, from year-end
2018. The Company will continue to
evaluate its use of brokered CDs to manage
the Company’s liquidity position and interest
Savings & Money Market
28.09%
at December 31, 2018
CDs of 250M
or less
12.85%
CDs over 250M
7.53%
CDs over 250M
6.79%
NOW Accounts
18.33%
IRA Accounts
5.10%
IRA Accounts
5.11%
Demand
28.09%
rate risk associated with longer-term, fixed-rate asset loan demand.
Further impacting lower interest-bearing deposits was a net decrease in NOW, savings and money
market account balances, which were down $3,928, or 1.0%, from year-end 2018, collectively. Excluding
the impact of the branch sale, total NOW, savings and money market account balances would have
increased $9,418, or 2.5%, from year-end 2018, collectively. This increase was largely from growth in
money market account balances, which were up $9,367, or 7.7%, from year-end 2018. This increase was
caused by a shift in consumer preference to a more competitive, higher-costing money market product
that was introduced in December 2018. NOW account balances were also up $6,760, or 4.5%, from year-
end 2018, particularly from new account relationships in the Cabell County, West Virginia market area.
79
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
DEPOSITS
Table VII
(dollars in thousands)
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW accounts …………………………………………………
Money market …………………………………………………
Savings accounts ……………………………………………….
IRA accounts ……………………………………………………
Certificates of deposit ………………………………………….
$
2019
As of December 31
2018
2017
158,434 $
130,385
100,287
41,898
167,860
598,864
155,166 $
121,294
116,574
43,249
172,600
608,883
158,650
133,220
107,798
45,312
158,089
603,069
Noninterest-bearing deposits:
Demand deposits ………………………………………………
Total deposits …………………………………………………
222,607
821,471 $
237,821
846,704 $
253,655
856,724
$
The increases in NOW and money market balances were partially offset by lower savings account
balances, which decreased $6,709, or 6.3%, from year-end 2018. This was also impacted by the consumer
shift to higher-costing money market accounts previously mentioned.
The Company will continue to experience increased competition for deposits in its market areas,
which could challenge its net growth. The Company will continue to emphasize growth and retention
within its core deposit relationships during 2020, reflecting the Company’s efforts to reduce its reliance
on higher cost funding and improving net interest income.
OTHER BORROWED FUNDS
The Company also accesses other funding sources, including short-term and long-term
borrowings, to fund potential asset growth and satisfy short-term liquidity needs. Other borrowed funds
consist primarily of FHLB advances and promissory notes. During 2019, other borrowed funds were down
$5,722, or 14.4%, from year-end 2018. The decrease was related primarily to the principal repayments
applied to various FHLB advances during 2019. While deposits continue to be the primary source of
funding for growth in earning assets, management will continue to utilize FHLB advances and promissory
notes to help manage interest rate sensitivity and liquidity.
SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES
The Company received proceeds from the issuance of one trust preferred security on March 22,
2007 totaling $8,500 at a fixed rate of 6.58%. The trust preferred security is now at an adjustable rate
equal to the 3-month LIBOR plus 1.68%. The Company does not report the securities issued by the trust
as a liability, but instead, reports as a liability the subordinated debenture issued by the Company and held
by the trust.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
As discussed in Notes I and L to the financial statements at December 31, 2019, the Company
engages in certain off-balance sheet credit-related activities, including commitments to extend credit and
standby letters of credit, which could require the Company to make cash payments in the event that
specified future events occur. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long
as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed
80
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Standby letters of credit
are conditional commitments to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. While these
commitments are necessary to meet the financing needs of the Company’s customers, many of these
commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon. Therefore, the total amount of
commitments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Management
not
anticipate that the Company’s current off-balance sheet activities will have a material impact on the results
of operations and financial condition.
does
CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company maintains a capital level that exceeds regulatory requirements as a margin of safety
for its depositors. Regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “FRB”)
require a state-chartered bank that is a member of a Federal Reserve Bank to maintain certain amounts
and types of capital and generally also require bank holding companies to meet such requirements on a
consolidated basis. The FRB generally requires bank holding companies that have chosen to become
financial holding companies to be “well capitalized,” as defined by FRB regulations, in order to continue
engaging in activities permissible only to bank holding companies that are registered as financial holding
companies. If, however, a bank holding company, whether or not also a financial holding company,
satisfies the requirements of the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy (the “SBHCP”),
the holding company is not required to meet the consolidated capital requirements. As amended effective
in September 2018, the SBHCP requires that the holding company have assets of less than $3 billion, that
it meet certain qualitative requirements, and that all of the holding company’s bank subsidiaries meet all
bank capital requirements. As of December 31, 2019, the Company was deemed to meet the SBHCP
requirements and so was not required to meet consolidated capital requirements at the holding company
level.
As detailed in Note P to the financial statements at December 31, 2019, the Bank’s capital
exceeded the requirements to be deemed “well capitalized” under applicable prompt corrective action
regulations. Total shareholders' equity at December 31, 2019 of $128,179 increased $10,305, or 8.7%, as
compared to $117,874 at December 31, 2018. Capital growth during 2019 came primarily from year-to-
date net income of $9,907, less dividends paid of $4,000. Capital growth during 2019 also came from a
$2,663 decrease in net unrealized losses on available for sale securities from year-end 2018, as market
rates decreased during 2019 causing an increase in the fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio.
LIQUIDITY
Liquidity relates to the Company's ability to meet the cash demands and credit needs of its
customers and is provided by the ability to readily convert assets to cash and raise funds in the market
place. Total cash and cash equivalents, held to maturity securities maturing within one year and available
for sale securities, totaling $158,315, represented 15.6% of total assets at December 31, 2019. In addition,
the FHLB offers advances to the Bank, which further enhances the Bank's ability to meet liquidity
demands. At December 31, 2019, the Bank could borrow an additional $119,302 from the FHLB, of which
$80,000 could be used for short-term, cash management advances. Furthermore, the Bank has established
a borrowing line with the Federal Reserve. At December 31, 2019, this line had total availability of
$49,783. Lastly, the Bank also has the ability to purchase federal funds from a correspondent bank. For
further cash flow information, see the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. Management does
not rely on any single source of liquidity and monitors the level of liquidity based on many factors
affecting the Company’s financial condition.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
INFLATION
Consolidated financial data included herein has been prepared in accordance with US GAAP.
Presently, US GAAP requires the Company to measure financial position and operating results in terms
of historical dollars with the exception of securities available for sale, which are carried at fair value.
Changes in the relative value of money due to inflation or deflation are generally not considered.
In management's opinion, changes in interest rates affect the financial institution to a far greater
degree than changes in the inflation rate. While interest rates are greatly influenced by changes in the
inflation rate, they do not change at the same rate or in the same magnitude as the inflation rate. Rather,
interest rate volatility is based on changes in the expected rate of inflation, as well as monetary and fiscal
policies. A financial institution's ability to be relatively unaffected by changes in interest rates is a good
indicator of its capability to perform in today's volatile economic environment. The Company seeks to
insulate itself from interest rate volatility by ensuring that rate sensitive assets and rate sensitive liabilities
respond to changes in interest rates in a similar time frame and to a similar degree.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note A to the
consolidated financial statements. These policies, along with the disclosures presented in the other
financial statement notes, provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the
financial statements and how those values are determined. Management views critical accounting policies
to be those that are highly dependent on subjective or complex judgments, estimates and assumptions, and
where changes in those estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on the financial
statements. Management currently views the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and business
combinations to be critical accounting policies.
Allowance for Loan Losses:
The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan
losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance
is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the
allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio,
information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and
other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is
available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.
The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to
loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is impaired when, based on current information
and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the
contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans generally consist of loans with balances of $200
or more on nonaccrual status or nonperforming in nature. Loans for which the terms have been modified,
and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt
restructurings and classified as impaired.
Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral
value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that
experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as
impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-
by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower,
82
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
including the length and reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of
shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.
Commercial and commercial real estate loans are individually evaluated for impairment. If a loan
is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of
estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is
expected solely from the collateral. Smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and most
residential real estate, are collectively evaluated for impairment, and accordingly, they are not separately
identified for impairment disclosure. Troubled debt restructurings are measured at the present value of
estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is
considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported, net, at the fair value of the collateral. For
troubled debt restructurings that subsequently default, the Company determines the amount of reserve in
accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.
The general component covers non-impaired loans and impaired loans that are not individually
reviewed for impairment and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The
historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on the actual loss history
experienced by the Company over the most recent 3 years for the consumer and real estate portfolio
segment and 5 years for the commercial portfolio segment. The total loan portfolio's actual loss experience
is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These
economic factors include consideration of the following: levels of and trends in delinquencies and
impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; trends in volume and terms of loans;
effects of any changes in risk selection and underwriting standards; other changes in lending policies,
procedures, and practices; experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff;
national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; and effects of changes in credit
concentrations. The following portfolio segments have been identified: Commercial Real Estate,
Commercial and Industrial, Residential Real Estate, and Consumer.
Commercial and industrial loans consist of borrowings for commercial purposes to individuals,
corporations, partnerships, sole proprietorships, and other business enterprises. Commercial and
industrial loans are generally secured by business assets such as equipment, accounts receivable,
inventory, or any other asset excluding real estate and generally made to finance capital expenditures or
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Table VIII
The following table presents, as of December 31, 2019, significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to
third parties by payment date. Further discussion of the nature of each obligation is included in the referenced note to the
consolidated financial statements.
Note
Reference
Payments Due In
Less than One
Year
One to
Three Years
Three to Five
Years
Over Five
Years
Total
(dollars in thousands)
Deposits without a stated
maturity .................................... G
Consumer and brokered time
deposits .................................... G
I
Other borrowed funds ..............
J
Subordinated debentures ..........
Lease obligations .....................
Total .........................................
$
611,713 $
---- $
---- $
---- $
611,713
116,666
7,322
----
178
735,879 $
81,418
6,474
----
223
88,115 $
11,055
5,006
----
32
16,093 $
619
15,189
8,500
----
24,308 $
209,758
33,991
8,500
433
864,395
$
83
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
operations. The Company’s risk exposure is related to deterioration in the value of collateral securing the
loan should foreclosure become necessary. Generally, business assets used or produced in operations do
not maintain their value upon foreclosure, which may require the Company to write-down the value
significantly to sell.
Commercial real estate consists of nonfarm, nonresidential loans secured by owner-occupied and
nonowner-occupied commercial real estate as well as commercial construction loans. An owner-occupied
loan relates to a borrower purchased building or space for which the repayment of principal is dependent
upon cash flows from the ongoing business operations conducted by the party, or an affiliate of the party,
who owns the property. Owner-occupied loans that are dependent on cash flows from operations can be
adversely affected by current market conditions for their product or service. A nonowner-occupied loan
is a property loan for which the repayment of principal is dependent upon rental income associated with
the property or the subsequent sale of the property. Nonowner-occupied loans that are dependent upon
rental income are primarily impacted by local economic conditions which dictate occupancy rates and the
amount of rent charged. Commercial construction loans consist of borrowings to purchase and develop
raw land into one- to four-family residential properties. Construction loans are extended to individuals as
well as corporations for the construction of an individual or multiple properties and are secured by raw
land and the subsequent improvements. Repayment of the loans to real estate developers is dependent
upon the sale of properties to third parties in a timely fashion upon completion. Should there be delays in
construction or a downturn in the market for those properties, there may be significant erosion in value
which may be absorbed by the Company.
Residential real estate loans consist of loans to individuals for the purchase of one- to four-family
primary residences with repayment primarily through wage or other income sources of the individual
borrower. The Company’s loss exposure to these loans is dependent on local market conditions for
residential properties as loan amounts are determined, in part, by the fair value of the property at
origination.
Consumer loans are comprised of loans to individuals secured by automobiles, open-end home
equity loans and other loans to individuals for household, family, and other personal expenditures, both
secured and unsecured. These loans typically have maturities of 6 years or less with repayment dependent
on individual wages and income. The risk of loss on consumer loans is elevated as the collateral securing
these loans, if any, rapidly depreciate in value or may be worthless and/or difficult to locate if repossession
is necessary. During the last several years, one of the most significant portions of the Company’s net loan
charge-offs have been from consumer loans. Nevertheless, the Company has allocated the highest
percentage of its allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans to the other identified loan portfolio
segments due to the larger dollar balances associated with such portfolios.
KEY RATIOS
Table IX
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
Return on average assets ................
Return on average equity ................
Dividend payout ratio .....................
Average equity to average assets ....
.96 %
8.10 %
40.37 %
11.82 %
1.12 %
10.63 %
33.20 %
10.57 %
.74 %
6.95 %
52.36 %
10.66 %
.77 %
7.05 %
51.79 %
10.91 %
1.03 %
9.66 %
42.74 %
10.71 %
84
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
The Company maintains a diversified credit portfolio, with residential real estate loans currently
comprising the most significant portion. Credit risk is primarily subject to loans made to businesses and
individuals in southeastern Ohio and western West Virginia. Management believes this risk to be general
in nature, as there are no material concentrations of loans to any industry or consumer group. To the
extent possible, the Company diversifies its loan portfolio to limit credit risk by avoiding industry
concentrations.
85
Ohio Valley Banc Corp.
Email: investorrelations@ovbc.com
Web: www.ovbc.com
Phone: 1-800-468-6682
Headquarters: 420 Third Avenue, Gallipolis, Ohio
Traded on The NASDAQ Global Market
Symbol OVBC