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OKYO Pharma Limited

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FY2021 Annual Report · OKYO Pharma Limited
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Annual report and Financial Statements 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Registration number: 65220 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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OKYO Pharma Limited  

Contents 

Management and administration 

Strategic report (Including Chairman’s statement) 

Directors’ report 

Directors’ remuneration report 

Independent Auditor’s report 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Consolidated statement of financial position 

Company statement of financial position 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Company statement of changes in equity 

Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Company statement of cash flows 

Notes to the financial statements 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Management and Administration 

Directors 

Registered office 

Gabriele Cerrone (Non-Executive Chairman) 
Dr Gary S Jacob (Executive Director) 
Willy Simon (Non-Executive Director) 
John Brancaccio (Non-Executive Director) 

Martello Court 
Admiral Park 
St. Peter Port 
Guernsey 
GY1 3HB 

Company Secretary 

Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe (UK) LLP,  
107 Cheapside,  
London,  
EC2V 6DN  

Broker 

Registrar 

Auditor 

Legal advisors 

Depositary 

Optiva Securities Limited,  
49 Berkeley Square, 
 London,  
W1J 5AZ 

Computershare Investor Services (Guernsey) Limited 
1st Floor 
Tudor House 
Le Bordage 
St Peter Port 
Guernsey 
GY1 1DB 

Mazars LLP 
Tower Bridge House 
St Katharine’s Way 
London 
E1W 1DD 

Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe (UK) LLP,  
107 Cheapside,  
London,  
EC2V 6DN  

Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions 
Bridgewater Road 
Bristol  
BS13 8AE 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report – Chairman’s report 

The Directors present their report and the financial statements for the Company, OKYO Pharma Limited (“OKYO” or the 
“Company”) and its subsidiary, (together the “Group”) for the year ended 31 March 2021. 

Introduction 

OKYO  Pharma  Limited  (LSE:  OKYO)  is  a  preclinical  biopharmaceutical  company  developing  next-generation 
therapeutics to improve the lives of patients suffering from inflammatory  eye diseases  and  ocular pain. Our research 
program is focused on a novel G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) which we believe plays a key role in the pathology of 
the inflammatory eye diseases that are the target of this technology. Previously we had focused on OK-113, an agonist 
for chemokine-like receptor 1, or CMKLR1 receptor, as a potential lead compound for the treatment of dry eye. However, 
following further analyses of additional analogues tested in a highly regarded animal model of dry eye disease (DED), 
we have determined that OK-101 gave the highest potency and best results in a number of biomarkers evaluated in the 
DED  animal  model  studies.  Consequently,  we  have  nominated  OK-101  as  our  Investigational  New  Drug  (“IND”) 
candidate and have initiated the IND-enabling studies necessary for filing an IND. In addition to developing OK-101 for 
the  treatment  of  dry-eye,  we  also  plan  during  the  course  of  its  clinical  development  to  evaluate  OK-101  to  treat  two 
additional related ophthalmic diseases: 1) uveitis and 2) allergic conjunctivitis. 

In a separate series of studies focused on developing a drug from our technology to treat neuropathic ocular pain, we 
have also been evaluating OK-201, a lipidated bovine adrenal medulla (BAM) peptide analogue preclinical candidate for 
the treatment of this condition. We are continuing these studies using a unique corneal neuropathic pain animal model 
developed by our consultants at Tufts Medical Center (TMC). Our therapeutic approach in all of these studies has been 
focused on targeting inflammatory and pain modulation pathways that drive these conditions.  

We have not yet submitted an application to the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) for any of our product candidates. 
We have however begun work on accomplishing all the studies necessary for an IND submission for OK-101 to treat dry 
eye and are planning to file an IND on OK-101 to treat dry eye in the third quarter of 2022. (see Figure 1 below). 

Figure 1: OKYO Pipeline 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report – Chairman’s report 

OKYO R&D PROGRAMMES 

1)  OK-101 for Dry Eye Disease (DED) 

OK-101, our lead preclinical product candidate, is focused on keratoconjunctivitis sicca, commonly referred to as DED 
which is a multifactorial disease caused by an underlying inflammation resulting in the lack of lubrication and moisture in 
the surface of the eye. DED is one of the most common ophthalmic conditions encountered in clinical practice. Symptoms 
of DED include constant discomfort and irritation accompanied by inflammation of the ocular surface, visual impairment 
and  potential  damage  to  the  ocular  surface.  The  disease  affects  over  35%  of  the  population  aged  50+,  with  women 
representing approximately two-thirds of those affected. Prevalence of DED is anticipated to increase substantially in the 
next 10-20 years due to aging populations in the U.S., Europe, Japan and China and use of contact lenses and increased 
digital screen time in the younger population. We believe this increase in prevalence of dry eye syndrome represents a 
major expanding economic burden to public healthcare. 

At present, there are three different categories of approved drugs to treat DED: 1) Immunosuppressants (Restasis  & 
Sequa),  2)  Integrin antagonists (Xiidra)  and  3)  corticosteroids  (e.g.,  Eysuvis  for  short  term  use  only).  However,  DED 
continues  to  be  a  major  unmet  medical  need  due  to  the  large  number  of  patients  not  well  served  by  the  treatments 
available  to  them  through  the  medical  community.  A  key  driver  in  the  development  of  OK-101  to  treat  DED  was  an 
analysis of the inherent advantages and difficulties associated with the treatment of ocular conditions. One of the major 
issues with topical administration of any drug designed for treating DED is the requirement that the drug have adequate 
‘residence’ time at the ocular site to afford a pharmacologic benefit before being washed out through natural processes 
of  tear  enhancement  and  lacrimal  tear  drainage.  The  drug  candidates  we  have  developed  are  designed  to  combat 
washout by including a lipid ‘anchor’ within the candidate drug molecule to enhance the residence time of the drug in the 
eye. We refer to our candidates for DED as “lipidated-chemerin” analogues to highlight this pharmacologic characteristic. 

OK-101 is designed to target a chemokine-like receptor 1, or CMKLR1, which is a G protein-coupled receptor, or GPCR, 
expressed  on  macrophages,  monocytes,  plasmacytoid/myeloid  dendritic  cells,  natural  killer  cells  and  nonhemopoietic 
cell types, such as endothelial and epithelial cells. Activation of CMKLR1 by its endogenous peptide ligand chemerin is 
known to modulate inflammation, but natural ligands for CMKLR1 have short half-lives due to rapid inactivation. Discovery 
of  OK-101,  a  stable,  high  potency  CMKLR1  agonist  by  On  Target  Therapeutics  (Note:  technology  licensed  to  OKYO 
Pharma) provided an important step toward the development of a new class of anti-inflammatory therapeutics that can 
be applied to the treatment of ophthalmic diseases including DED, uveitis and allergic conjunctivitis. (see Figure 2) 

 Figure 2.  OK-101 binds to CHEMR23 receptor producing an anti-inflammatory response 

To further characterize the potential efficacy of OK-101 to treat DED, OK-101 was tested in a mouse model of acute dry 
eye disease induced with scopolamine that showed an increase in corneal permeability relative to naïve animals. OK-
101 demonstrated a reduction of DED-induced corneal permeability (p ≤ 0.001). OK-101’s effect in reducing DED-induced 
corneal permeability was virtually identical to that of the cyclosporine positive control and close to the baseline corneal 
permeability observed in control animals. 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report – Chairman’s report 

A separate series of experiments was  also  performed to evaluate ocular  tolerance of OK-101  in rabbits via repeated 
ocular  instillation  followed  by  clinical  ophthalmic  observations.  Rabbit  ocular  tolerance  tests  on  OK-101  showed  no 
adverse signs such as inflammation, chemosis or hyperemia and no signs of local irritation.  

We recently completed manufacturing a 25-gram batch of OK-101 drug substance needed for initiating the IND-
enabling studies. 

Future OK-101 DED Strategy 

Based on the results from the DED animal model and ocular tolerance studies, we are presently moving forward with 
plans to file an IND in the third quarter of 2022 on OK-101 to treat DED. This should enable us to begin clinical trials with 
OK-101 as early as one month after submission of the IND to FDA. To support this work, we recently signed an agreement 
with a major clinical CRO specializing in ophthalmic drug development who will be providing the following services: 

•  Preparation of the OK-101 Pre-IND briefing document 
•  Support in requesting and preparing for the OK-101 Pre-IND meeting with FDA 
•  Support for regulatory publishing and submission of IND in eCTD format 
•  Providing quality oversight for development of topical formulation for OK-101 
•  Providing quality oversight for development and qualification of a drug stability analysis method for OK-101 
along with conducting stability studies to establish formulated drug product is stable for at least 90 days 

•  Support for completing animal toxicology studies in two animal species 

2)  OK-101 for Non-ophthalmic Indications 

On January 19, 2021, we announced that we submitted a patent application to the United States Patent and Trademark 
Office covering the use of chemerin and chemerin analogues to treat the cytokine release syndrome associated with 
COVID-19 infections and other conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). On January 15, 2021 
we signed a research and material transfer agreement with the University of Alabama at Birmingham to evaluate the 
potential of chemerin analogs to minimize the inflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 in a model of lung inflammation. 
Ex vivo lung tissue will be experimentally induced to produce inflammation, and during the course of inflammation in the 
absence and presence of a chemerin analogue, respectively, a panel of cytokines including TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β will be 
measured. Currently, experiments are underway at the University of Alabama, but there is nothing to report yet on the 
results of this study. Assuming the results are encouraging, our plan is to advance this program as a potential prophylaxis 
to treat COVID-19 infections, and other conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We plan this 
work to be under the direction of Dr. Napoleone Ferrara, a member of our Scientific Advisory Board. 

3)  OK-201 to treat corneal neuropathic pain 

Our  current  focus  is  to  develop  first-in-class  drug  candidates  as  non-opioid  analgesics  for  ocular  pain  management 
without side effects and the potential abuse associated with opioid medications. Ocular pain occurs in several ophthalmic 
conditions including DED, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy (DR), accidental trauma, surgery, and is typically treated with oral 
steroids, neurotransmitters and opioids in severe cases. There is no FDA approved drug yet for ocular pain in the form 
of  eye  drops.  Damage  to  the  ocular  surface  (nociceptive  pain  in  response  to  inflammation)  or  to  the  somatosensory 
nervous system (chronic neuropathic pain) due to the underlying pathogenesis of eye disease is the main cause of pain. 

A lipidated BAM analogue (OK-201), a promising candidate for the treatment of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, was 
licensed from Tufts Medical Center (TMC), Boston, MA on February 21, 2018. OK-201 is designed to activate a human 
MAS-Related G Protein-coupled Receptor (MRGPR), which is a promising analgesic target. This receptor is expressed 
mainly in sensory neurons and is involved in the perception of pain. Activation of MRGPR by BAM peptide inhibits pain 
by modulating Ca2+ influx. On August 6, 2019 we signed a collaborative agreement with TMC and Pedram Hamrah, MD, 
Professor of Ophthalmology at Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA as Principal Investigator to evaluate our 
proprietary lead compounds as non-opioid analgesics to suppress corneal neuropathic pain using a mouse ocular pain 
model developed in Dr. Hamrah’s laboratory. Since acquiring the rights to OK-201, we have synthesized a small library 
of lipidated BAM analogues. The potencies of these analogues were determined using a cell-based assay, and a small 
number of these analogues were evaluated for their analgesic properties in the neuropathic pain model developed by Dr. 
Hamrah’s  laboratory  at  TMC.  These  collaborative  studies  have  provided  additional  ‘proof-of-concept’  results  for  BAM 
analogues as potential non-opioid analgesics. Our goal is to develop OK-201, as well as explore additional analogues 
for their potential use in treating ocular pain. 

Future OK-201 Strategy 

During the next year, we will be continuing to conduct preclinical studies and additional animal studies to further evaluate 
the OK-201 preclinical candidate to treat corneal neuropathic pain. 

4 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report – Chairman’s report 

Financial summary 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

The Group has made a loss for the year of £2,994k (2020: £1,211k). The loss is detailed in the consolidated statement 
of comprehensive income on page 37. 

The Group’s expenditure on research and development was £133k for the year ended March 31, 2021, as compared to 
£407k for the year ended March 31, 2020.  The reduction in expenditure was due an elimination of R&D costs planned 
for OK-113 once the decision was made to switch to OK-101 as the preclinical candidate for filing an IND with FDA. The 
activities relating to OK-101 commenced in the last few months of the period, post the recruitment of the CEO. 

Other operating expenses were £2,867k for the year ended March 31, 2021 as compared to £800k for the year ended 
March 31, 2020, an increase of £2,067k. The increase in cost is a result of a bonus that was awarded in the current year 
to the Non-Executive Chairman for £887k, (on the basis of the co-invention of the use of Chemerin in the COVID-19 
indication when he was not a director or employee of the Company (now the subject of a patent application); work carried 
out in procuring, backing and completing the refinancing the Company in 2020 and actions taken to make new executive 
appointments and scientific advisory appointments to the Board with the result that the Company now has a clear and 
accelerated  path),  additional  fair  value  charges  of  £375k  relating  to  the  issuance  of  additional  options,  fundraising 
expenses  of  £453k  plus  additional  compliance,  professional  fees,  legal  and  foreign  exchange  costs  of  £352k  due  to 
increased activity in the Company in the last 3 months of the period.  

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

At the end of the year, the Group cash balance stood at £4,991k (31 March 2020: £190k). The Group successfully raised 
£6,070k during the year via the issuance of Convertible loan notes, private placements, and the exercise of options. 

Fund raising 

In the period, the Group successfully raised funds to further progress its pre-clinical pipeline. 

On 23 May 2020, the Group announced that further to the announcement made on 23 March 2020, the Group raised 
£181,346 through a placing of a further 36,269,253 new ordinary shares. 

On 29 May 2020, the Group announced that it had raised £440,000 through the issue of convertible loan notes ("CLNs"). 
£50,000 of the CLN’s were issued to Panetta Partners Ltd, the ultimate parent company. The CLNs carry an interest rate 
of 20% compounding and have maximum term of 4 years. The CLNs convert into ordinary shares at a price of 0.4p per 
share  and,  when  converted,  the  shares  will  be  issued  with  a  warrant  attached  at  an  exercise  price  of  0.4p  (with  a 
maximum life of 5 years from the date of issue of the CLN, regardless of the conversion date). 

On 28 July  2020, the Group announced that it had raised  £3.5m through the issuance  of CLN’s. The  CLNs carry  an 
interest rate of 2.15% compounding and have maximum term of 4 years. The CLNs convert into ordinary shares at a 
price of 8.5p per share. 

On 17 August 2020, the Group announced that it had raised a further £1.437m through the issuance of CLN’s. The CLNs 
carry an interest rate of 2.15% compounding and have maximum term of 4 years. The CLNs convert into ordinary shares 
at a price of 8.5p per share. 

On 8 September 2020, the Group announced that it had raised a further £0.5m through the issuance of CLN’s. The CLNs 
carry an interest rate of 2.15% compounding and have maximum term of 4 years. The CLNs convert into ordinary shares 
at a price of 8.5p per share. 

In March 2021, additional funds of £11,250 were raised through the exercise of options. 

Going Concern 

The Group has experienced net losses and significant cash outflows from cash used in operating activities over the past 
years, and as of March 31, 2021, had an accumulated loss of £72.5m, a net loss for the year ended March 31, 2021 of 
£3m and net cash used in operating activities of £1.2m.  

Based upon the current forecasts prepared by Management, the potential use of cash flows from operations from the 
date of approval of these accounts until 31 December 2022 is £4.4 million, of which £2.5m is to be spent on progressing 
the R&D pipeline.  When compared to the current cash balance at June 10, 2021 of £4.7 million, management projects 
a surplus of £0.3 million, thereby supporting Management’s assertion that the Company does have the ability to meet its 
obligations as they become due until December 2022. 

However, further funds will need to be raised within the foreseeable future in  order to  progress it’s  pipeline and fund 
ongoing business operations. The Directors are confident, based on the previous fund-raising history that sufficient funds 
will be forthcoming and accordingly they have prepared these financial statements on a going concern basis. However, 
until and unless the Group and Company secures sufficient investment to fund its pipeline, there is a material uncertainty 
about the Group and Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, and therefore about the applicability of the going 
concern basis of preparation. 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report – Chairman’s report 

COVID-19  

We  remain  cognisant  of  the  potential  impact  of  coronavirus  (COVID-19)  on  our  operations  and  have  taken  the  steps 
necessary  to  maintain  the  integrity  of  the  Company's  assets  and  the  health  and  wellbeing  of  our  employees.  The 
Company is well financed, resilient and well positioned to weather any financial downturn occurring as a result of the 
outbreak. Indeed, the Company has raised additional funds through the issuance of Convertible Loan Notes. 

Remote  working  and  outsourcing  of  research  and  development  activities  has  meant  that  progression  of  the  project 
pipeline is not impacted by the pandemic. 

Outlook and Strategy 

The development of new drugs to treat DED has been particularly challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of the 
patient population suffering from DED, and due to the difficulties in demonstrating an improvement in both signs and 
symptoms of the disease in well-controlled clinical trials. The evidence from over 40 years of scientific literature, however, 
suggests inflammation as the most common underlying cause of DED. Consequently, development of new therapeutic 
agents that target inflammatory pathways is looking to be an attractive approach in improving symptoms in DED patients.  

During the next 12 months, OKYO is committed to a major effort to accomplish the IND enabling activities necessary for 
filing an IND on OK-101 to treat DED. These include: 

• 
Topical formulation of the OK-101 drug product and initial stability studies 
•  Bioanalytical method development to support the OK-101 clinical program 
•  Engineering batch manufacture of cGMP OK-101 for clinical trials 
• 
• 
•  Clinical batch manufacturing and stability studies of OK-101 

Toxicokinetic method development 
Toxicology studies in rabbits and dogs 

Once an IND on OK-101 to treat DED is in place, the virtue of OK-101 being formulated as a topical drug that can be 
administered to patients in the form of eye drops, means that our first clinical trial after IND submission is expected to be 
a Phase 1/2a trial in DED patients, potentially providing an early indication of drug efficacy in DED patients. Should drug 
efficacy be borne out in this first human trial with OK-101, we will have validated proof-of-concept in this very first study.  
With this success in hand, we believe that rapid further clinical development of OK-101 to treat DED will be in order. We 
anticipate that OK-101, in addition to its potential to treat DED, can then also be evaluated to treat uveitis and allergic 
conjunctivitis. Hence, once we are clinically evaluating OK-101 to treat dry eye, we will also undertake the plan to explore 
the drug candidate’s potential to suppress the inflammation associated with uveitis and allergic conjunctivitis. In support 
of this plan, we will be exploring preclinical development of OK-101 for the uveitis indication by first establishing ‘proof-
of-concept’  for  this  indication  utilizing  animal  model  studies  of  anterior  uveitis  to  evaluate  the  potential  of  OK-101  to 
suppress the inflammation associated with uveitis. We also plan on conducting ‘proof-of-concept’ studies using OK-101 
for the treatment of chronic and seasonal allergic conjunctivitis using a conjunctival allergen challenge animal model to 
investigate the potential of OK-101 to suppress the inflammation associated with allergic conjunctivitis. 

We  will  also  continue  to  explore  the  potential  use  of  chemerin  and  chemerin  analogues  for  prophylaxis  against  and 
treatment of symptoms associated with, or resulting from, infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus, including inflammation due 
to the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome. 

Gabriele Cerrone 

Non - Executive Chairman 

31 July 2021 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report  

Business review 

A review of the business, its results and strategic outlook is included in the Executive Chairman’s Statement on page 2. 

Key performance indicators 

The Board monitors the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that it considers appropriate for the industry and stage of 
development of the Group. The Group is a research and development (“R&D”) based biotechnology Group concerned 
with a number of pre-clinical projects. These projects require sufficient investment to reach defined milestones by which 
the Group and its investors can judge the chances of ultimate success and thereby the value of the Group.  At this stage 
of Group development significant sources of revenue generation are unlikely, and due to the needs of an R&D based 
biotechnology-based  program,  the  Group  is  cash  consuming.    The  Group  KPIs  are  therefore  chosen  to  monitor  the 
progress of the individual scientific programmes, the external market environment for the potential drugs being developed 
and the cash requirements of the Group. 

Financial KPIs 

Cash consumption 

The cash position of the business is measured on a continual basis with reference both to the general and administrative 
expenses required to run the Group, and more particularly to the cash required for ongoing research, development and 
acquisition of the Group’s scientific assets.  During 2020, the main use of the Group’s funds was progressing the animal 
model trials for OK-101 and OK-201, which was within the budget. The cash consumption, which refers to cash used in 
operating activities of the Group, during the year was £1.3m. Management monitors its cash consumption on a monthly 
basis and a cash projection will be presented at every board meeting. 

The Group monitors current and projected cash consumption to ensure that there are sufficient funds available to develop 
the Group’s scientific assets. The Group maintains a virtual operating model resulting in low cash consumption for general 
and administrative expenses during the period.   

Non-financial KPIs for 2021. 

Develop appropriate formulation of OK-101 for animal studies, and conduct stability studies to ensure that the 
formulation is stable for at least 28 days. 

The Group is working towards this KPI. Additional preclinical IND-enabling studies have been performed and peptide 
manufacturing process has been scaled up to produce larger quantities of OK-101 for stability studies.  A dose ranging 
study  in  rabbit  was  performed  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  OK-101  on  corneal  permeability  and  to  assess  local  corneal 
irritation. OK-101 was found to be effective in reducing corneal permeability and to show no sign of local irritation. Rabbit 
ocular tolerance tests using OK-101 showed no adverse signs such as inflammation, chemosis or hyperemia and no 
signs of local irritation.  

Other Considerations 

External (life sciences) market environment 

The Group monitors the life sciences market for a number of factors: 

•  New developments in drug research and development 
•  New medical treatment paradigms 
•  Patent filings by third parties pertinent to the Group’s programmes 
•  Existing and novel drugs in development by third parties 
•  Healthcare regulation and policy in the major territories 
•  Private and public financings of life science companies to indicate investor appetite for life science risk 

The Group is developing its scientific assets within the European and US territories, but for potential global application.  
The environment for life science companies was positive throughout the year. 

Principal risks and uncertainties  

The Group assesses and monitors the inherent risks in the life sciences industry, as well as other micro and macro-
economic factors that may present risk to the Group’s progression. The Group also considers Group-specific risks such 
as research progress, personnel and operational facilities and collaborations. 
There are significant risks associated with any life science business. The Board believes that the following risks are the 
most significant, however, the risks listed  do not necessarily comprise all  those associated with an  investment in the 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report  

Group. In particular, the Group’s performance may be affected by changes in market or economic conditions and in legal, 
regulatory and / or tax requirements. The risks listed are not set out in any particular order of priority and this is not an 
exhaustive list of risks. 

If any of the following risks were to materialise, the Group’s business, financial condition, results or future operations 
could be materially and adversely affected. In such cases, the Group’s share price may decline and an investor may lose 
part or all of their investment. 

The Board considers that the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group may be summarised as follows: 

•  Clinical studies fail to generate encouraging data 

The  Group’s  product  candidates  have  not  been  evaluated  in  clinical  trials  and  results  in  the  clinic  may  not  be 
reproduced in human trials. There is a high degree of failure for product candidates as they progress through clinical 
trials and clinical trial data may be interpreted in varying ways which may delay, limit or prevent future regulatory 
approvals. 

•  Ability to scale up the Group 

Growth  may  place  significant  demands  on  the  Group’s  management  and  resources.  The  Group  expects  to 
experience growth in the number of its employees and the scope of its operations in connection with the continued 
development and, in due course, the potential commercialisation of its products. This potential growth could place a 
significant strain on its management and operations, and the Group may have difficulty managing this future potential 
growth. 

• 

Intellectual property risk  
The  commercial  success  of  the  Group  depends  on  its  ability  to  obtain  patent  protection  for  its  pharmaceutical 
discoveries and to preserve the confidentiality of its know-how. There is no guarantee that patent applications will 
succeed or be broad enough to provide protection for the Group’s intellectual property rights and exclude competitors 
with similar pharmaceutical products. The success of the Group is also dependent on non-infringement of patents, 
or other intellectual property rights, held by third parties. Competitors and third parties may hold intellectual property 
rights which the Group may not be able to license upon favourable terms, potentially inhibiting the Group’s ability to 
develop and exploit its own business. Litigation may be necessary to protect the Group’s intellectual property, which 
may result in substantial costs. The Group seeks to reduce this risk by seeking patent attorney advice that patent 
protection will be available prior to investing in a project, by seeking patent protection where appropriate, and by 
minimising disclosure to third parties. 

•  Competition risk  

The Group faces significant competition from pharmaceutical companies. The Group has competitors internationally, 
including  major  multinational  pharmaceutical  companies,  universities  and  research  institutions.  In  respect  of 
Chemerin as an indication for the treatment of DED, there are a number of established companies engaged in the 
development  and  marketing  of  preparations  addressing  the  DED  market.  In  addition,  there  is  a  wide  range  of 
products  addressing  the  DED  market  currently  approved  and  marketed  by  a  number  of  large  and  small 
pharmaceutical companies. 

• 

Funding risk  
The Group continues to consume cash resources. The Group only recently committed to its new business and its 
chosen product candidates are in the early stages of development and it may be some years until the Group 
generates revenue, if at all. The Group remains dependent upon securing funding through the injection of capital 
from share issues. The Group may not be able to generate positive net cash flows in the future or attract such 
additional funding required at all, or on suitable terms. In such circumstances, the Group’s pre-clinical programmes 
may be delayed or cancelled and the business operations curtailed. The Group seeks to reduce this risk through 
tight financial control, prioritising programmes which will generate the best returns, and keeping shareholders 
informed on progress. Post period-end, the Group raised £3.9 million (before expenses) to fund its pre-clinical 
activities and strengthen its balance sheet. 

•  Dependence on key personnel 

The loss of one or more of its key personnel could have an adverse impact on the business of the Group. 
Furthermore, it may be particularly difficult for the Group to attract and retain suitably qualified and experienced 
people, given the competition from other industry participants and the relative size of the Group. The Group has 
deliberately pursued a lean headcount policy to conserve financial resources. Failure to continue to attract and 
retain such individuals could adversely affect the Group’s ability to conduct and grow its operations effectively. The 
Group seeks to reduce this risk by recruiting additional personnel and additionally appropriate incentivisation of 
personnel through participation in long term equity incentive schemes. 

Gender of Directors and employees 

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OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report  

We recruit individuals who have the skills, experience and integrity needed to perform the roles to make OKYO Pharma 
Ltd a successful company. We note that there are no women on the board but that we recruit without regard to sex or 
ethnic origin, appointing and thereafter promoting staff based upon merit. 

The profile of the Group’s directors, officers and employees at March 31, 2020, was as follows: 

March 31, 2021 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Number or persons who were Directors or 
officers of the Group 
Number of persons who were other employees 
of the Group 
Total Directors and employees at March 31, 
2021 

5 

- 

5 

1 

- 

1 

6 

- 

6 

The lean staffing structure is supported by the outsourcing of some administrative functions and the use of contract 
research organisations (CROs).  

Directors' duties in relation to s172 Companies Act 2006  

The Board of Directors have considered the matters set out in section 172 of the United Kingdom’s Companies Act 2006 
insofar as Guernsey law requires consideration of the same. 

The directors consider, that they have acted in the way they believe, in good faith, to promote the success of the Company 
for the benefit of its members as a whole and, in doing so, have regard (amongst other matters) to:  

• the likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term,  

• the interests of the Company’s employees,  

• the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others,  

• the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment,  

• the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct, and  

• the need to act fairly between the shareholders of the Company.  

Key Stakeholders and concerns 

Board Considerations 

Key Outcomes 

Employees 

Our present and future employees are 

key for the future success of the 

business. 

Staff turnover has been very low. 

Executive Directors update the Board 
with details of employee changes, 
concerns and recruitment prospects. An 
open, collaborative working 
environment with attractive 
remuneration packages aligns 
employees’ with shareholders’ goals.  
Communication  with  employees  is  informal 
and collaborative. 

Investors and shareholders 

OKYO  is  a  pre-revenue  Company  and  is 
dependent  upon  existing  and  future 
investors 
its  research  and 
to 
development products  

fund 

Business  Strategy  clearly  setting  out  the 
progress with projects in development and 
cash requirement  

Use of PR consultants; interviews with 

Proactive investors the release of 

information through the Group’s 

website; meeting individual 

shareholders at AGM 

Suppliers 
OKYO  has  a  wide  range  of  suppliers  for 
few  key 
consumable 
suppliers  who 
our 
to 
manufacturing of product  
Contract Research Organisations 

items  and  a 
key 
are 

Management  of 
relationships 
ensuring  consumable  and  other  items  are 
delivered on time and at right price 

supplier 

Key  suppliers  are  managed  in-house 
with  regular  meetings  being  held  with 
OKYO management 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Strategic report  

CROs  are  key  to  managing  OKYO’s  pre-
clinical trial programmes 

Environment 

The Group is conscious of the need to 

protect the environment. 

Management  of  clinical  trials  and  recruitment 
of  patients;  Regulatory  and  pre-clinical 
services  
OKYO Pharma’s operations are relatively 
low in their impact on the environment. 

Rigorous  selection  process  before 
engaging  CRO  and 
regular 
project meetings 
During the year, employees reduced 

then 

their travel wherever reasonably 

Reputation 
Maintaining a strong reputation and 

acting within laws and regulations 

impacts the Group’s relationships with 

Policies and procedures approved by the Board 
are  concentrated  on  maintaining  the  strong 
reputation of the Group within its employees, 
Shareholders,  suppliers,  regulators  and  other 
key stakeholders. 

all stakeholder 

Principal decisions in 2020 

practical, using virtual and telephone 
conferencing facilities instead. 
OKYO  Pharma  continuously  monitors 
regulatory 
and 
developments 
that  any 
issues are being addressed in decision 
making. 

to  ensure 

assesses 

all 

We have considered the decisions taken by the Board which will have an impact on the longer-term performance and 
prospects for the Group. The Board believes that the following decisions taken during the year and since the year end 
fall into this category and were made with full consideration of both internal and external stakeholders. The Group’s aim 
is to meet the needs of the key stakeholders who ultimately wish for us to progress our pipeline of drugs to treat rare 
cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases to commercial deployment. 

Significant events/decisions 

Raised  £6m  of  investment  from 
existing  and  new  investors,  to 
enable Group to progress its pre 
-clinical trials 

Filing  of  patent  application 
covering  the  use  of  Chemerin 
and  associated  analogues 
to 
treat  cytokine  storm  associated 
with COVID-19 and ARDS 

Key s172 matter(s) 
affected 
Shareholders 

Staff and Shareholders 

Actions and impact 

Decisions  were  made  by  the  Board  to  raise 
additional  funds  enabling  the  company  to 
pursue  its  R&D  objectives  thereby  meeting 
core  stakeholder  requirements.  The  cash 
funding 
requirement  offsets  any  dilution 
experienced by the existing shareholders. 
Decisions were made by the executive team in 
consultation  with  the  Board  after  carefully 
impact  upon  existing  staff 
considering 
resources  and  available 
funding.  The 
application has resulted in an expanded project 
focus. 

Environmental matters 

We currently outsource our research, development, testing and manufacturing activities. These activities are subject to 
various environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, which govern, among other things, the controlled use, 
handling, release and disposal of and the maintenance of a registry for hazardous materials and biological materials. If 
we or our partners fail to comply with such laws and regulations, we could be subject to fines or other sanctions. 

As with other companies engaged in activities similar to ours, we face a risk of environmental liability inherent in our 
current and historical activities, including liability relating to releases of or exposure to hazardous or biological materials. 
Environmental,  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  are  becoming  more  stringent.  We  may  be  required  to  incur 
substantial expenses in connection with future environmental compliance or remediation activities, in which case, our 
production and development efforts may be interrupted or delayed. 

Gabriele Cerrone 
Non-Executive Chairman 
31 July 2021 

Martello Court, Admiral Park, St Peter Port, Guernsey, GY1 3HB 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

Directors 

The 
OKYO Pharma Limited  (“OKYO” or the “Company”) and its subsidiary, together the “Group” for the year ended March 31, 
2021. 

statements 

financial 

present 

report 

their 

and 

the 

the 

for 

Company,                                                                                                                       

Principal activity 

The Group’s focus is to develop drugs for inflammatory dry eye diseases and chronic pain by targeting G protein-coupled 
receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs is the largest family of membrane proteins involved in many biological processes. Targeting 
GPCR  is  proven  to  be  an  innovative  approach  for  treatment  of  a  wide  range  of  conditions  including  cardiovascular 
disease,  cancer  and  diabetes.  Approximately  1/3  of  all  Food  and  Drug  Administration  (FDA)  approved  drugs  target 
members of this family.  

Results and transfers to reserves 

The results and transfers to reserves for the period are set out in the financial statements on pages 37 to 64. 

The  Group  made  a  total  comprehensive  loss  for  the  period  after  taxation  of  £2,994,329  (March  31,  2020:  loss 
£1,210,745). 

Dividend 

No dividends were declared or paid in the year (2020: £nil). 

Directors 

The Directors who served during the period and to date are: 

Gabriele Cerrone                        Non- Executive Chairman (appointed January 7, 2021) 

Gary Jacob                                 Chief Executive Officer and Executive director (appointed January 7, 2021) 

Willy Simon                                  Non-Executive director 

Dr Kunwar Shailubhai                  Non-Executive director (resigned June 17, 2021) 

John Brancaccio                          Non-Executive director (appointed June 9, 2020) 

Gregor MacRae                           Non-Executive director (appointed December 18, 2019, resigned June 9, 2020) 

Significant shareholdings 

Gabriele Cerrone has an interest of 52.13% of the ordinary share capital of the company at 31st March 2021. 

The following shareholders hold an interest of 3% or more in the Company: 

Panetta Partners Ltd (Gabriele Cerrone) 
Veneto Seed Ventures Ltd 

No of Shares 
350,762,726 
40,000,000 

% Holding 
52.13% 
5.95% 

Appointments 

Non-Executive Directors 

On  10  June  2020,  the  Group  announced  the  appointment  of  Mr.  John  Brancaccio  to  its  Board  as  a  Non-executive 
Director. Mr Brancaccio will Chair the Audit, Risk and Disclosure Committee.  

Mr.  Brancaccio,  retired  CPA,  is  a  financial  executive  with  extensive  international  and  domestic  experience  in 
pharmaceutical and biotechnology for privately and publicly held companies. From 2000 to 2002, Mr. Brancaccio was 
the Chief Financial Officer/Chief Operating Officer of Eline Group, an entertainment and media company. From May 2002 
until March 2004, Mr. Brancaccio was the Chief Financial Officer of Memory Pharmaceuticals Corp., a biotechnology 
company. From April 2004 until May 2017, Mr. Brancaccio was the Chief Financial Officer of Accelerated Technologies, 
Inc., an incubator for medical device companies. Mr. Brancaccio is currently a director of Cardiff Oncology, Inc.,Rasna 
Therapeutics, Inc., Tiziana Life Sciences PLC and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

On  7  January  the  Group  announced  that  Gabriele  Cerrone  had  been  appointed  as  a  Non-Executive  chairman  of  the 
company and Dr Gary S. Jacob has been appointed as Chief Executive Officer and director of the company, both with 
immediate effect. 

Mr  Cerrone  has  a  successful  track  record  and  extensive  experience  in  the  financing  and  restructuring  of  micro-cap 
biotechnology companies. He has founded ten biotechnology companies in oncology, infectious diseases and molecular 
diagnostics,  and  has  taken  seven  of  these  companies  to  the  NASDAQ  Market  and  two  to  the  Main  Market  and  AIM 
Market in London. Mr Cerrone is Executive Chairman of dual listed Tiziana Life Sciences plc. Mr Cerrone co-founded 
Cardiff Oncology, Inc. (NASDAQ: CRDF), an oncology company and served as its Co-Chairman; he was a co-founder 
and served as Chairman of both Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: SGYP) and Callisto Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 
(OTCMKTS: CLSP), and was a Director of and led the restructuring of Siga Technologies, Inc. (NASDAQ: SIGA). Mr 
Cerrone  also  co-founded  FermaVir  Pharmaceuticals,  Inc.  and  served  as  Chairman  of  the  Board  until  its  merger  in 
September 2007 with Inhibitex, Inc. Mr Cerrone served as a director of Inhibitex, Inc. until its US$2.5bn sale to Bristol 
Myers Squibb Co in 2012. 

Mr Cerrone is the Chairman and Founder of Tiziana Life Sciences plc (NASDAQ:TLSA, AIM: TILS) an oncology focused 
therapeutics  company;  Chairman  and  Co-Founder  of  Rasna  Therapeutics  Limited  (OTCMKTS:  RASP),  a  company 
focused  on  the  development  of  therapeutics  for  leukaemias;  Co-Founder  of  Hepion  Pharmaceuticals,  Inc.  (Nasdaq: 
HEPA); Executive Chairman and Co-Founder of Gensignia Life Sciences, Inc., a molecular diagnostics company focused 
on oncology using microRNA technology; and Executive Chairman and founder of Accustem Sciences plc; and founder 
of BioVitas Capital Ltd. 

Mr Cerrone will also chair the Nomination Committee of the Board. 

Dr. Jacob has over 35 years of extensive experience in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries across multiple 
disciplines,  including  research  and  development,  operations,  business  development,  capital  financing  activities  and 
senior  management  expertise.  He  has  developed  broad  and  influential  contacts  throughout  the  biopharmaceutical, 
financial, banking and investor communities. Dr. Jacob is the Co-Founder and former CEO and Chairman of Synergy 
Pharmaceuticals. During his time at Synergy, he served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman, 
and is the co-inventor of Synergy’s FDA-approved drug Trulance® which is currently marketed in the U.S. by Bausch 
Health, Inc. to treat functional GI disorders. Dr. Jacob is also the former CEO and Managing Director of Immuron Inc., 
an Australian biotechnology company dual-listed on the Australian ASX exchange and on NASDAQ. Dr. Jacob currently 
is  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Hepion  Pharmaceuticals,  Inc.,  a  public  NASDAQ  listed  company  with  a  drug  in  clinical 
development to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and is also on the Board of Directors of Cardiff Oncology, Inc., 
a  NASDAQ  listed  public  oncology  company.  He  served  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Director  of  Callisto 
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from May 2003 until January 2013. 

Prior to his involvement with Callisto and Synergy, Dr. Jacob was at Monsanto/G.D. Searle, where he was Director of 
Glycobiology and a Monsanto Science Fellow, specializing in the field of Glycobiology and drug discovery. Dr. Jacob 
holds over 30 patents and is the co-inventor of two pharmaceutical drugs which are FDA approved. Dr. Jacob earned a 
B.S.  cum  laude  in  Chemistry  from  the  University  of  Missouri  –  St.  Louis  and  holds  a  Ph.D.  in  Biochemistry  from  the 
University of Wisconsin-Madison. 

Resignations 

Non-Executive Directors 

On 10 June 2020, the Group announced that Mr. Gregor MacRae was standing down as a director of the Company with 
immediate effect to concentrate on his other business interests and activities; Mr MacRae felt his position was better 
filled by an individual with a background and greater experience in the life sciences sector. 

Pensions 

The  Group  operates  a  defined  contribution  pension  scheme  open  to  all  salaried  Executive  Directors,  Non-Executive 
Directors and employees. There is currently one director participating in the Defined Contribution Scheme.  

Political and charitable contributions  

There were no political or charitable contributions made by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2020 
(2019: £nil) 

Staff policy 

The Group is committed to a policy of recruitment and promotion on the basis of aptitude and ability. Applications for 
employment  by  disabled  persons  are  given  full  and  fair  consideration  having  regard  to  their  particular  aptitudes  and 
abilities. Where existing employees become disabled, it is the Group’s policy, wherever possible, to provide continuing 
employment under normal terms and conditions and to provide training, career development and promotion wherever 
appropriate. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

Corporate governance 

The  Group  is  firmly  committed  to  business  integrity,  high  ethical  values,  and  professionalism  in  its  activities  and 
operations. The Board is committed to maintaining the highest standards of corporate governance and is accountable to 
the Company’s shareholders. The role of the Board is to provide strategic leadership to the Group within a framework of 
sensible and effective controls, which enables risk to be assessed and managed. The Board sets the Group’s strategic 
aims, ensures that the necessary financial and human resources are in place for the Group to meet its objectives, and 
reviews  executives’  performance.  The  Board  make  certain  that  its  obligations  to  its  shareholders  and  others  are 
understood and met. 

As a Guernsey registered Company, OKYO Pharma is not under an obligation to adopt a Governance Code on a ‘comply 
or explain’ basis. However, given its status as a standard listed company on the main market for listed securities of the 
London Stock Exchange plc, the directors recognise the importance of sound corporate governance have opted to comply 
with QCA Corporate Governance Code, as published by the Quoted Companies Alliance, to the extent they consider 
appropriate  in  light  of  the  Company’s  size,  stage  of  development  and  resources.  The  code  can  be  found  at 
www.theqca.com.  

The Company’s corporate governance is reviewed on a regular basis by the Directors of the company. Okyo Pharma Ltd 
operates within the life science sector in an effective and efficient way, with integrity and due regard for the interests of 
shareholders and applies principles of general governance applicable to the size and stage of development of the Group. 

How does the Board apply the ten principles set out in the QCA Code?  

1.  Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders  

The Board has a clear strategy, which is set out in the Chairman’s statement on page 2. To support the execution of this 
strategy, the Board performs the following key tasks: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

setting the Company’s values and standards;  
approval of long-term objectives and strategy;  
approval of revenue, expense and capital budgets and plans; a 
approval for therapeutic candidate progression through key development and clinical stages;  
oversight of operations ensuring that adequate systems of internal controls and risk management are in place, 
ensuring  maintenance  of  accounting  and  other  records,  and  compliance  with  statutory  and  regulatory 
obligations; 

2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations  

Contact with major shareholders has been principally maintained by the CEO and the  Chairman during the reporting 
period,  and  they  have  ensured  that  their  views  are  communicated  to  the  Board  as  a  whole.  The  Board  believes  that 
appropriate steps have been taken during the reporting period to ensure that the members of the Board, and in particular 
the Non-Executive Directors, develop an understanding of the views of major shareholders about the Company. We are 
holding our Annual General Meeting in Q3 2021. A Notice of Annual General Meeting will be issued in due course and 
will be available on our website. Separate resolutions will be provided on each issue so that they can be given proper 
consideration. Proxy votes are counted and the level of proxies lodged on each resolution reported after it has been dealt 
with by a show of hands. 

3. Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success  

OKYO is committed to engaging with and maintaining good relations with all of our stakeholders (employees, investors, 
participants in clinical trials, collaboration partners and suppliers).  

OKYO is also compliant with safety and other regulations in its laboratories and in treating patients on Clinical Trials. 

OKYO has annual appraisals for all staff and regular meetings between staff and senior management to discuss business 
related issues. 

4. Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 

A Risk Register is maintained for regular review by the Audit and Risk Committee and the Board. Principal risks are set 
out on page 9 where mitigating activities are also explained.  

Audit, Risk and Disclosure Committee 

The Audit Committee of the Board comprises of John Brancaccio and Willy Simon. It is chaired by John Brancaccio, and 
is responsible for: 

i. 

Monitoring  the  quality  of  internal  controls  and  ensuring  the  financial  performance  of  the  Group  is  properly 
measured and reported on; 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

ii. 
iii. 

iv. 

v. 

Consideration of the Directors’ risk assessment and suggesting items for discussion at the full Board; 
Receipt and review of reports from the Company's management and external audtiors relating to the interim 
and  annual accounts, including a review of accounting policies,  accounting treatment and disclosures in the 
financial reports; 
Consideration  of  the  accounting  and  internal  control  systems  in  use  throughout  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries; and 
Overseeing the Company’s relationship with external auditors, including making recommendations to the Board 
as  to  the  appointment  or  re-appointment  of  the  external  auditors,  reviewing  their  terms  of  engagement,  and 
monitoring the external auditors’ independence, objectivity and effectiveness. 

The  audit  committee  meets  not  less  than  twice  in  each  financial  year  and  has  unrestricted  access  to  the  Company's 
auditors. 

5. Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chairman 

The Board is currently comprised of  four directors, the Non-executive Chairman, an Executive  director and two  Non-
Executive  Directors.  The  directors  of  the  Company  have  all  been  selected  for  their  extensive  experience  in  their 
specialised  fields,  making  the  Board  well  rounded  and  balanced.  The  composition  of  the  Board  is  regularly  reviewed 
through  the  Nomination  committee.  The  wide  range  of  skills  among  the  directors  helps  to  further  the  business  and 
strategic development of the Company as well as address any anticipated issued in the foreseeable future. To ensure 
the Company’s future growth, all directors are subject to re-election at least once every three years, confirming the current 
directors all have the necessary experience and skills. The skills of each director complement one another guaranteeing 
a well-functioning balanced Board, led by the Non-executive Chairman. The Company maintains its governance structure 
through  the  Nomination  Committee,  Audit,  Risk  and  Disclosure  Committee  and  the  Remuneration  Committee.  These 
Committees  also  support  the  Board  in  making  the  best  decisions  in  the  interest  of  the  Company,  shareholders  and 
employees. The Board follow a formal schedule of matters and meet quarterly every year. All Directors are expected to 
provide a sufficient amount of time to the Company to fully exhibit and fulfil their duties. Each Directors time spent is 
reviewed annually prior to recommending their re-election to the shareholders.  

The Board is responsible to the shareholders and to ensure acceptable management to the group. 

The roles of the directors differ between Executive and Non-Executive directors, while both have fiduciary duties 
towards the group. The Board is made up of the non-Executive Chairman, Gabriele Cerrone, who has extensive 
experience in the financing and restructuring of micro-cap biotechnology companies and has successfully taken several 
companies onto the NASDAQ, AIM and LSE markets, the CEO, Gary S. Jacob who has considerable prior experience 
as CEO of a number of public biotechnology companies, and two additional non-executive directors. The non-executive 
Chairman and Executive director CEO are responsible for the operation and business development of the company. 
The two other Non-Executive officers, Willy Simon and John Brancaccio, who have many years of experience in the 
finance industry, all who act as independent directors providing objective judgment, and constructively challenge the 
management to ensure all strategies are completely considered. For the Board to carry out their duties in their entirety, 
they have full and timely access to all the relevant information they need. Directors, if necessary, are also permitted to 
take independent professional advice to further their roles at the expense of the Group. All Board members have 
access to the advice of the Company Secretary.  

The  Code  requires  that  a  smaller  company  should  have  at  least  two  Independent  Non-Executive  Directors.  As  at  31 
March  2021,  the  Board  consisted  of  one  Executive  Directors  and  three  Non-Executive  Directors.  The  Non-Executive 
Directors are interested in either ordinary shares in the Company, options over ordinary shares in the Company, or both, 
and cannot therefore be considered fully independent under the Code. The remuneration of the Non-Executive Directors 
includes  options  and  this  is  contrary  to  best  practice,  and  thus  the  Company  is  not  in  full  compliance.  However,  the 
Directors consider the present structure and arrangements to be adequate given the size and stage of development of 
the Company, and all are considered to be independent in character and judgement. 

The Company does not have an independent Chairman given the substantial shareholding of the Chairman. It is the 
Board’s opinion that the current arrangements are appropriate to the Company at this stage of development and that 
there are sufficient compliance structures within the Company to ensure that the governance functions that would be part 
of an independent Chairman’s responsibility are met. The Board is satisfied with the balance between Executive and 
Non-Executive Directors which allows it to exercise objectivity in decision making and proper control of the Company’s 
business.  The  Board  considers  its  composition  appropriate  in  view  of  the  size  and  requirements  of  the  Company’s 
business and the need to maintain a practical and efficient balance between Executive and Non-Executive Directors. 

6. Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 

The Board has delegated the tasks of reviewing Board composition, searching for appropriate candidates and making 
recommendations to the Board on candidates to be appointed as Directors, to the Nomination Committee.  

The  Nomination  Committee  of  the  Board  comprises  of  Gabriele  Cerrone  and  Willy  Simon.  It  is  chaired  by  Gabriele 
Cerrone, and is responsible for: 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

i. 

ii. 

iii. 

  drawing up selection criteria and appointment procedures for directors; 

  recommending nominees for election to our board of directors and its corresponding committees; 

  assessing  the  functioning  of  individual  members  of  our  board  of  directors  and  executive  officers  and 
reporting the results of such assessment to the board of directors; and 

iv. 

  developing corporate governance guidelines. 

With regard to the re-election of Directors, the Company is governed by its Articles of Association (the Articles). Under 
the Articles, the Board has the power to appoint a Director during the year, but any person so appointed must stand for 
election at the next Annual General Meeting, along with the rest of the Board.   

The  Board  understands  the  value  in  having  directors  of  diverse  gender,  race  and  ethnicity,  along  with  varied  skills, 
perspectives  and  experiences.  We  are  constantly  looking  for  opportunities  to  improve  our  diversity  and  inclusion 
practices.  

7. Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

The OKYO Pharma Ltd Board remains mindful that it needs to continually monitor and identify ways in which it might 
improve its performance and recognises that board evaluation is a useful tool for enhancing a board’s effectiveness. 

The Remuneration Committee of the Board comprises of Willy Simon and John Brancaccio. It is chaired by Willy Simon, 
and is responsible for: 

i. 
ii. 

iii. 

The review of the performance of the executive directors; 
Recommendations to the Board on matters relating to the remuneration and terms of service of the executive 
directors; and 
Recommendations  to  the  Board  on  proposals  for  the  granting  of  share  options  and  other  equity  incentives 
pursuant to any share option scheme or equity incentive scheme in operation from time to time. 

In making their recommendations the Remuneration Committee will have due regard to the interests of the Shareholders 
and the performance of the Company. 

8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours  

The Company is fully committed to the elimination of unlawful and unfair discrimination and values the differences that a 
diverse workforce brings to the organisation. The Company endeavours to not discriminate because of age, disability, 
gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race (which includes colour, nationality 
and ethnic or national origins), religion or belief, sex, or sexual orientation. The Company will undertake an annual review 
of its policies and procedures to establish its position about compliance and best practice and monitor and promote a 
healthy corporate culture. 

9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by 
the Board  

The  Board  is  supported  by  the  Committees,  explained  above,  in  the  task  of  maintaining  governance  processes  and 
structures. Furthermore, the following governance matters support good decision-making by the Board. 

The Directors are responsible for the Company’s internal control and reviewing its effectiveness. The Directors confirm 
that the Board has acknowledged this responsibility. The Directors confirm that there is an ongoing process for reviewing 
internal controls and effectiveness as well as identifying, evaluating, and managing the significant risks facing the Group 
and  its  subsidiaries.  This  process  has  been  in  place  from  1  January  2017  and  continues  to  be  in  place,  the  internal 
controls are reviewed on a regular basis.  

The Group’s system of internal control is designed to provide the Directors with reasonable assurance that the Group’s 
assets are safeguarded, that transactions are authorised and properly recorded, and that material errors and irregularities 
are either prevented or would be detected within a timely period. However, no system of internal control can eliminate 
the risk of failure to achieve business objectives or provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The key elements of the internal control system in operation are: 

• 

The  Board  meets  regularly  with  an  agenda  of  matters  reserved  for  their  decision  and  has  put  in  place  an 
organisational structure with clear lines of responsibility defined and with appropriate delegation  of authority. 
The Board receives periodic updates from both the Audit and Remuneration Committees. 

15 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

• 

The Management team is responsible for the identification and evaluation of significant risks and for the design, 
implementation  and  monitoring  of  appropriate  internal  controls,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  financial  and 
computer systems, business operations, and compliance. 

•  Management regularly reports to the Board on the key risks inherent in the business and on the way in which 

• 

these risks are managed. 
There are established procedures for planning, approving, and monitoring large expenditures, including capital 
expenditures, as well as processes for monitoring the Group’s financial performance. 

•  A  comprehensive  forecasting  process  is  completed  four  times  a  year,  prior  to  each  board  meeting,  which  is 
reviewed and approved by the Board. Detailed management accounts are produced on a monthly basis, with 
all significant variances investigated promptly. The management accounts are reviewed and commented on a 
monthly basis by the management team. 
The Group maintains appropriate insurance cover, including in respect of actions taken against the Directors 
because of their roles, as well as against material loss or claims against the Group. The insured values and 
type of cover are comprehensively reviewed on an annual basis. 

• 

10. Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders 
and other relevant stakeholders  

Contact with major shareholders is principally maintained by the Chairman and CEO, and additionally the Non-Executive 
Directors  are  available  to  discuss  governance  and  other  matters  directly  with  major  shareholders,  both  private  and 
institutional.  

The Company uses its corporate website (www.okyopharma.com) to communicate with institutional shareholders and 
private  investors,  and  the  website  also  contains  the  latest  announcements,  press  releases,  published  financial 
information, current projects and other information about the Company. The annual report which includes the financial 
statements is a key communication document and is available on the Company’s website.  

Whistleblowing 

The company has formal arrangements in place to facilitate ‘whistle-blowing’ by employees. If a complaint is made, the 
content is sent anonymously by email to the Company’s Compliance Officer, so that appropriate action can be taken. 

Employment 

The company endeavours to appoint employees with appropriate skills, knowledge and  experience for the roles they 
undertake and thereafter to develop, incentivise and retain staff. The Board recognises its legal responsibility to ensure 
the well-being, safety and welfare of the company's employees and maintain a safe and healthy working environment for 
them and our visitors. If an employee has a concern about unsafe conditions or tasks, they are encouraged to report 
their concerns immediately to their manager. 

Diversity Policy 

The Group is fully committed to the elimination of unlawful and unfair discrimination and values the differences that a 
diverse workforce brings to the organisation. The Group endeavours to not discriminate because of age, disability, gender 
reassignment,  marriage  and  civil  partnership,  pregnancy  and  maternity,  race  (which  includes  colour,  nationality  and 
ethnic or national origins), religion or belief, sex or sexual orientation. The Group will undertake an annual review of its 
policies and procedures to establish its position about compliance and best practice and monitor and promote a healthy 
corporate culture. 

Statement of directors’ responsibilities  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Directors’  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company  law  requires  the  Directors  to  prepare  financial  statements  for  each  financial  year.  Under  that  law  they  are 
required to prepare the financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted 
by the EU and applicable law.  

Under Company Law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the Group and the financial performance and cash flows 
of the Group for that year. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:  

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

• 

• 

state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material  departures; 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements; 
prepare the accounts on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will 
continue in business. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the 
Group’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and enable 
them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the  Companies  (Guernsey)  Law,  2008.  They  are  also 
responsible  for  safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Group  and  hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention  and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on 
the Company's website. Legislation in Guernsey governing the preparation and dissemination of the financial statements 
may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Responsibility statement of the Directors in respect of the annual financial report  

Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed on page 2 confirm that, to the best of their knowledge 
and belief: 
• 

the financial statements are prepared in accordance with  IFRS as adopted by the European Union and give a 
true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and loss of the Company; and 
the  Annual  Report  and  financial  statements,  including  the  Strategic  Report,  includes  a  fair  review  of  the 
development and performance of the business and the position of the Company, together with a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they face. 

• 

Directors indemnity 

The Group’s Articles of Association provide, subject to the provisions of Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008, an indemnity 
for Directors and officers of the Group in respect of liabilities they may incur in the discharge of their duties or in the 
exercise of their powers, including any liabilities relating to the defence of any proceedings brought against them which 
relate to anything done or omitted, or alleged to have been done or omitted, by them as officers or employees of the 
Group. 

Appropriate Directors and officer’s liability insurance cover is in place in respect of all Group Directors. 

DISCLOSURES  REQUIRED  BY  PUBLICLY  TRADED  COMPANIES  UNDER  RULE  7.2.6R  OF  THE  UK  LISTING 
AUTHORITY’S DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE AND TRANSPARENCY RULES 

The  following  disclosures  are  made  pursuant  to  Rule  7.2.6.R  of  the  UK  Listing  Authority’s  Disclosure  Guidance  and 
Transparency Rules (DTR). As at 31 March 2021:  

a) Details of significant direct or indirect holdings of securities of the Company are set out in the Directors Report outlined 
in this document. The Company is not aware of any agreements between shareholders which may result in restrictions 
on the transfer of securities or on voting rights.  

b) There are no persons who hold securities carrying special rights regarding control of the Company. 

c) All ordinary shares carry one vote per share without restriction.  

d) The Company’s rules about the appointment and replacement of Directors are contained in the Company’s constitution 
and  accord  with  the  Companies  Act  2006.  Amendments  to  the  Company’s  constitution  must  be  approved  by  the 
Company’s shareholders by passing a special resolution.  

e) The Company may exercise in any manner permitted by the Companies Act 2006 any power which a public company 
limited by shares may exercise under the Companies Act 2006. The business of the Company is managed by or under 
the direction of the Directors. The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company except any powers that the 
Companies Act 2006 or the constitution requires the Company to exercise.  

f) Subject to any rights and restrictions attached to a class of shares and in compliance with the Companies Act 2006, 
the Company may allot and issue unissued shares and grant options over unissued shares, on any terms, at any time 
and for any consideration, as the Directors resolve. This power of the Company can only be exercised by the Directors. 
The Company may reduce its share capital and buy-back shares in itself on any terms and at any time. However, the 
Companies Act 2006 sets out certain procedures which must be followed in relation to reductions in share capital and 
the buy-back of shares. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 

The COVID-19 virus has swept the globe and has claimed many thousands of lives. It is clear that the pandemic has had 
a far more severe impact on markets than previous virus outbreaks, with governments having taken strict measures to 
contain the virus.  

Despite  the  risks  of  a  global  recession  with  associated  volatility  in  world  stock  markets,  the  Company  believes  that 
healthcare as a defensive sector should fare better than other parts of the economy and it does not believe that the recent 
outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic will have an adverse effect on the Company’ operations. Indeed, the Company has 
raised substantial funds during the pandemic to enable it to continue its pre-clinical pipeline, which includes the use of 
potential use of chemerin and chemerin analogues for prophylaxis against and treatment of symptoms associated with 
COVID-19 . 

Disclosure of information to the auditor 

So far as the Directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware, and 
they have taken all steps that they ought to have taken as Directors in order to make themselves aware of any relevant 
audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information. 

Auditor 

Mazars LLP have indicated their willingness to continue in office as auditor for another year. In accordance with section 
257 of the Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008, a resolution proposing that Mazars LLP be reappointed as auditors of the 
Group will be put to the Annual General Meeting.  

Future developments 

The Strategic Report on pages 3 to 8 provides a summary of future developments of the Group. 

Research and development activities 

The research and development activities of the Group are described in Strategic Report on pages 3 to 8. 

Post balance sheet events 

Events after the year end are outlined in note 23 to the financial statements. 

Financial instruments 

The use of financial instruments is considered by the Board and the exposure of the Group to price, credit, liquidity and 
cash flow risks are considered.  Details of the risks and mitigation can be found in note 17 to the financial statements. 

Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

We are a company with a small number of employees. We have serviced offices and we currently outsource our research, 
development, testing and manufacturing activities. As a result, we do not emit greenhouse gases from our own activities, 
nor do we purchase electricity, heat or steam for our own use. (Scope 1 and scope 2 disclosures). 

Accordingly,  there  are  no  greenhouse  gas  emissions  to  report  from  the  Company’s  operations,  nor  does  it  have 
responsibility for any other emissions. Further, for the same reason, the Company considers that it is a ‘low energy user’ 
under  the  Streamlined  Energy  &  Carbon  Reporting  regulations  and  therefore  a  disclosure  on  energy  and  carbon 
emissions is not required. 

Post balance sheet events 

Events after the year end are outlined in note 23 to the financial statements. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Director’s report 

By order of the Board 

Willy Simon 
Director 
31 July 2021 

Martello Court 
Admiral Park 
St. Peter Port 
Guernsey 
GY1 3HB 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Letter from the Chair of the Remuneration Committee 

Dear Shareholders,  

On behalf of the Remuneration Committee, I am pleased to present our  Directors’ Remuneration Report for the 
year ended March 31, 2021 which will be subject to an advisory vote under a resolution to be proposed at the 2021 
Annual General Meeting (“AGM”). Shareholders approved the Remuneration Policy at the 2019 AGM. 

I  hope  that  you  will  be  supportive  of  our  remuneration  approach  and  will  vote  in  favour  of  the  Directors' 
Remuneration Report. 

Key activities and decisions in the year ended March 31 2021: 

Since April 1, 2020, the Committee has undertaken the following key decisions and activities.  

• 

• 

Following the appointment of Gabriele Cerrone as non-executive chairman of the company and Dr Gary 
S.  Jacob  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  director  of  the  company,  compensation  levels  were  set  and 
confirmed. 

The Committee approved a bonus to be paid to the Non-Executive Chairman. The bonus payment was 
awarded on the basis of  the co-invention of the use of Chemerin in the COVID-19 indication when he was 
not a director or employee of the Company (now the subject of a patent application); work carried out in 
procuring, backing and completing the refinancing the Company in 2020 and actions taken to make new 
executive appointments and scientific advisory appointments to the Board with the result that the Company 
now has a clear and accelerated path to the clinic. 

The Committee acknowledged that these bonuses would not be paid out in cash but would be used to 
fund the exercise of warrants that were issued in May 2021, upon conversion of convertible loan notes 
held by Planwise and Panetta Partners (of which Gabriele Cerrone is the beneficial owner). Exercise of 
these warrants would remove a significant proportion of debt from the capital structure of the Group which 
would be advantageous for future fundraisings. 

The Group has made progress during the financial year in the pre-clinical development on OK-101 and OK-201.  

Yours faithfully, 

Willy Simon 
Chair of the Remuneration Committee 
31 July, 2021 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Single total figure of remuneration of each Director (Audited) 

The Directors received the following remuneration for the years ended 31 March 2021 and 31 March 2020: 

Base 
Salary  

Bonus 

Share-
based 
payment  (6) 

Other (7) 

Year Ended 
March 31, 2021 
£’000 
Executive 
Gary Jacob (2) 
Non - Executive 
Gabriele 
Cerrone (1) 
Willy Simon 
Kunwar 
Shailubhai  
Gregor  MacRae   
(4) 
John Brancaccio 
(3) 

61 

27 

32 
28 

10 

24 

30 

887  

- 
- 

- 

- 

358 

- 

2 
13 

- 

12 

Total 

182 

917 

385 

2021 
Total 

449 

914 

36 
41 

12 

36 

Total fixed 
renumeration 

Total variable 
renumeration 

61 

27 

34 
28 

12 

24 

388 

887 

2 
13 

- 

12 

1,488 

186 

1,302 

- 

- 

2 
- 

2 

- 

4 

Year Ended 
March 31, 2020 
£’000 
Executive 
Willy Simon 

Non - Executive 
Kunwar 
Shailubhai  
Leopoldo 
Zambeletti(5) 
Gregor  MacRae   
(4) 

Total 

Base 
Salary  

Bonus 

Share-
based 
payment  (3) 

Other (4) 

2020 
Total 

Total fixed 
renumeration 

Total variable 
renumeration 

32 

31 

27 

6 

96 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3 

24 

5 

- 

32 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

35 

55 

32 

6 

128 

32 

31 

27 

6 

96 

3 

24 

5 

- 

32 

(1)  Gabriele Cerrone’s bonus awarded for £887kwas awarded on the basis of  the co-invention of the use of 
Chemerin in the COVID-19 indication when he was not a director or employee of the Company (now the 
subject of a patent application); work carried out in procuring, backing and completing the refinancing the 
Company in 2020 and actions taken to make new executive appointments and scientific advisory 
appointments to the Board with the result that the Company now has a clear and accelerated path to the 
clinic. 

(2)  Gary Jacob became an employee and Director of the Company on 7 January 2021 and has elected not 

to take healthcare benefits 

(3)  John Brancaccio was appointed as Director on 10 June 2020 
(4)  Gregor Macrae was appointed as Director on 18 December 2019 and resigned on 10 June 2020 
(5)  Leopoldo Zambeletti resigned as Director on 18 December 2019 
(6)  Shares based payments represent the fair value of options that vested during the years ended March 31, 

2021 and 2020 

(7)  Other benefits represent healthcare benefits and pension contributions. 

No payments were made towards a pension plan for our executive directors, £2,220 was made for our salaried non- 
executive  director,  who  receives  the  same  pension  benefit  as  the  UK  based  employees,  namely  a  matching 
contribution of 6% of salary, if a 3% minimum contribution is made. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Statement of Directors’ shareholding and share interests (Audited) 

The table below details the total number of shares owned (including their beneficial interests), the total number of 
share options held and the number of share options vested but not yet exercised as at March 31 2021: 

Year ended March 31 
2021 
Executive 
Gary Jacob 
Non - Executive 
Gabriele Cerrone 
Kunwar Shailubhai 
Willy Simon 
John Brancaccio 

Shares  

Options – not yet 
vested 

Options – vested 
not yet exercised 

Total (Shares and 
options) 

- 

40,000,000 

- 

40,000,000 

350,762,726 
- 
307,100 
- 

- 
8,250,000 
1,000,000 
450,000 

- 
8,250,000 
1,000,000 
- 

350,762,726 
16,500,000 
2,307,100 
450,000 

Total 

351,069,826 

49,700,000 

9,250,000 

410,019,826 

The interests of the Directors in the Company’s share options are as follows: 

Director 

Granted 

Willy Simon 

2,000,000 

of 

Date 
grant 
6 July 2018 

Price per 
share £ 
0.045 

Kunwar 
Shailubhai 

16,500,000  6 July 2018 

0.045 

John 
Brancaccio 

450,000 

20  August 
2020 

0.155 

Gary Jacob 

40,000,000  6 

January 

0.05 

2021 

Vesting Criteria 

25  per  cent.  Will  vest  on 
each 
of 
appointment. 

anniversary 

25  per  cent.  Will  vest  on 
each 
of 
appointment. 

anniversary 

Vested  as  at 
March 31, 2021 
1,000,000 

Expiry Date 

6 July 2025 

8,250,000 

6 July 2025 

25  per  cent.  Will  vest  on 
each 
of 
appointment. 

anniversary 

25  per  cent.  Will  vest  on 
each 
of 
appointment. 

anniversary 

- 

- 

19 August 2028 

5 January 2031 

Total Shareholder Return 

The  graph  below  shows  the  Company’s  performance,  measured  by  total  shareholder  return,  of  the  Company’s 
movement in share price compared to the FTSE All share pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology index for the year 
ended March 31, 2020. 

Total Shareholder Return 
(Source: Investing.com) 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

200%

150%

100%

50%

0%

-50%

Pharma & Biotech sector

OKYO TSR

Payments to past Directors  

In the period there were no payments to past Directors. 

Payments for loss of office 

No payments were made to Directors for loss of office in the period. 

Relative Importance of spend on pay 

The Committee considers the company’s research and development expenditure relative to salary expenditure for 
all employees, to be the most appropriate metric for assessing overall spend on pay due to the nature and stage of 
the  company’s  business.  Dividend  distribution  and  share  buy-back  comparators  have  not  been  included  as  the 
company has no history of such transactions. The graph below illustrates the gross pay to all employees per year 
as compared to research and development expenditure and illustrates the year-on-year change. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

£000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

£000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

Research and Development

2021

2020

Research and Development

2021

2020

Labour costs

Labour costs

Employment conditions across the Group  

The  Committee  is  kept  regularly  updated  on  pay  and  conditions  across  the  Group,  although  when  setting  the 
Directors’ remuneration policy, the wider employee group is not formally consulted. In determining any adjustments 
to the pay of the Executive Directors and the senior executive salaries, the Committee considers the increases to 
pay levels across the broader employee population. 

Consideration of shareholder views 

 The Committee considers shareholder feedback received in relation to the Annual General Meeting each year at 
its first meeting following the Annual General Meeting. This feedback, as well as any additional feedback received 
during  other  meetings  with  shareholders  and  representative  bodies,  is  then  considered  when  reviewing 
remuneration  policy.  When  any  material  changes  are  proposed  by  the  Group  to  the  remuneration  policy,  the 
Committee will consult major shareholders. 

Illustration of application of remuneration policy 

The charts below set out the minimum (i.e. ‘fixed’) remuneration receivable by the Executive Director and the Non-
Executive Chairman as at the date of this Annual Report, as well as the potential remuneration for ‘on-target’ and 
‘maximum’ performance, as a result of the remuneration paid in or awarded for the year ending March 31, 2021. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Chief Executive (£000s)

 700

 600

 500

 400

 300

 200

 100

 -

 250

 200

 150

 100

 50

 -

254 

100%

317 

20%

80%

380 

33%

67%

Fixed

On target

Maximum

Fixed

Annual Bonus

Chairman (£000s)

120 

120 

120 

100%

100%

100%

Fixed

On target

Maximum

 Fixed

 Annual Bonus

The scenarios set out in the above charts reflect or assume the following: 

• 

‘Fixed’ remuneration comprises:  

 base salary to be provided in 2021/22  

o 
o  A base salary of £120,000 for the Chairman for the full financial year to March 2021 (although 

such salary will be effective from 1 August 2020). 

• 
• 

The ‘on-target’ remuneration assumes an annual bonus payment of 50% of the maximum opportunity. 
The ‘maximum’ remuneration assumes maximum performance is achieved and therefore awards under 
the annual bonus pay out at their maximum levels.  

Executive remuneration is not directly linked to share price so this metric cannot be illustrated. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

The following table sets out the Company’s performance objectives for the next 12 months to 31 March 
2022: 

Objective Weighting 

Weighting 

Work towards filing an IND in the third quarter of 2022 on OK-101 to treat DED 

Continue  to  conduct  preclinical  studies  and  additional  animal  studies  to  further 
evaluate both OK-101 to treat uveitis and allergic conjunctivitis, and OK-201 to treat 
corneal neuropathic pain 

Secure additional funding 

60% 

30% 

10% 

100% 

Structure and role of Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee of the Board comprises of Willy Simon and John Brancaccio. It is chaired by Willy 
Simon, and is responsible for: 

i. 
ii. 

iii. 

The review of the performance of the executive Directors; 
recommendations  to  the  Board  on  matters  relating  to  the  remuneration  and  terms  of  service  of  the 
executive Directors; and 
recommendations to the Board on proposals for the granting of share options and other equity incentives 
pursuant to any share option scheme or equity incentive scheme in operation from time to time. 

In  making  their  recommendations  the  Remuneration  Committee  will  have  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
Shareholders and the performance of the Company. 

Directors' remuneration policy 

The  Company's  policy  is  to  maintain  levels  of  remuneration  sufficient  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain  senior 
executives of the highest calibre who can deliver growth in shareholder value. Executive Directors’ remuneration 
currently  consists  of  basic  salary,  bonus  and  benefits.  The  Company  will  seek  to  strike  an  appropriate  balance 
between  fixed  and  performance-related  reward  so  that  the  total  remuneration  package  is  structured  to  align  a 
significant  proportion  to  the  achievement  of  performance  targets,  reinforcing  a  clear  link  between  pay  and 
performance. The performance targets for staff, senior executives and the Executive Directors will be aligned to the 
key  drivers  of  the  business  strategy,  thereby  creating  a  strong  alignment  of  interest  between  staff,  Executive 
Directors and shareholders. 

The Remuneration Committee will continue to review the Company's remuneration policy and make amendments, 
as  and  when  necessary,  to  ensure  it  remains  fit  for  purpose  and  continues  to  drive  high  levels  of  executive 
performance and remains both affordable and competitive in the market. 

The policy, as outlined below, was approved by shareholders at the 2019 AGM. Upon approval, the company will 
continue to put forward the remuneration policy to be approved every three years, however the company will update 
it when necessary and will be sent for approval before the three-year approval.  

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Policy Table 

Element of reward - Base Salary 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To provide fixed remuneration to 

■ 

■ 

help recruit and retain key individuals; 
reflect the individual's experience, role and contribution within the Company. 

Operation 

The Remuneration Committee considers a number of factors when setting salaries, 
including: 

■ 

■ 

■ 

■ 

scope and complexity of the role 
the skills and experience of the individual 
salary levels for similar roles within the industry 
pay elsewhere in the Company 

Performance 
conditions 

Salaries are reviewed, but not necessarily increased, annually. 
None. 

Maximum opportunity Salary increases are normally made with reference to the average increase for the 
wider  Company.  The  Board  retains  discretion  to  make  higher  increases  in  certain 
circumstances, for example, following an increase in the scope and/or responsibility 
of the role or the development of the individual in the role or by benchmarking. 

Element of reward- Other benefits 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To provide a basic benefits package. 

Operation 

The  Company  provides  Executive  Directors  with  medical  insurance  for  themselves  and 
their family. 

Performance conditions None. 

Maximum opportunity  Maximum opportunity will be whatever it costs to provide the benefit. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Element of reward -  Annual Bonus 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

To incentivise and reward the achievement of annual financial, operational and individual 
objectives which are key to the delivery of the Company's short-term strategy. 

Operation 

•  Executive Directors and staff are eligible to participate in a discretionary bonus 

plan. 

•  The  Remuneration  Committee  will  determine  on  an  annual  basis  the  level  of 

deferral, if any, of the bonus payment into Company shares. 

•  Maximum bonus levels and the proportion payable for on target performance are 

considered in the light of market bonus levels for similar roles among the 
industry sector. 

•  Bonuses are not pensionable. 
•  The  Remuneration  Committee  sets  targets  which  require  appropriate  levels  of 
performance, considering internal and external expectations of performance. 
•  As soon as practicable after the year-end, the Remuneration Committee meets 

to review performance against objectives and determines payout levels. 

•  From  2019  in  terms  of  bonus  targets  a  balanced  scorecard  approach  will  be 
operated which focuses on a mixture of strategic, operational, financial and 
non-financial metrics.  

Performance conditions 

•  At least 50% of the award will be assessed against Company metrics including 

operational, financial and non-financial performance. The remainder of the award 
will be based on performance against individual objectives. 

•  A scale between 0% and 100% of the maximum award is paid dependent on the 

level of performance. 

Maximum opportunity  The  maximum  potential  bonus  entitlement  for  Executive  Directors  under  the  plan  will  be 

equal to 50% of the base salary. 

Element of reward - Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) 

Purpose and Link to 
Strategy 

• 
• 

To incentivise and reward the creation of long-term shareholder value. 
To align the interests of the Executive Directors with those of shareholders. 

Operation 

• 

Under the terms of the non-tax advantaged share option plan (the "Share Option Plan"), 
the Remuneration Committee may issue options over shares up to 15% of the issued share 
capital of the Company from time to time. Directors and employees are eligible for awards. 
The  exercise  of  options  may  be  subject  to  the  satisfaction  of  such  performance 
conditions, if any, as may be specified and subsequently varied and/or waived by the 
Remuneration Committee. 
The Remuneration Committee determines on an annual basis, and from time to time 
as needed (i.e., new employee or promotion), the type of awards to be granted to 
executives and other employees under the plan. 

• 

Performance conditions Vesting of the awards is dependent on financial, operational and/or share price measures, 
as  set  by  the  Remuneration  Committee,  which  are  aligned  with  the  long-term  strategic 
objectives  of  the  Company.  The  relevant  performance  conditions  will  be  set  by  the 
Remuneration Committee on the award of each grant but will include a mixture of strategic, 
operational, financial and non-financial metrics. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Notes on Table 

The Remuneration Committee may make minor amendments to the Policy set out above for regulatory, exchange 
control, tax or administrative purposes or to take account of a change in legislation without obtaining shareholder 
approval for that amendment. Any major changes will be put to a shareholder vote at the next AGM or an EGM. 

The Policy was approved by shareholders at the 2019 AGM and, will remain in force until the AGM in 2022 with no 
requirement to vote again on the Policy in the intervening years provided that no changes are proposed. 

Policy on payment for loss of office 

In  the  event  that  the  employment  of  an  Executive  Director  is  terminated,  any  compensation  payable  will  be 
determined in accordance with the terms of the service contract between the Company and the employee, as well 
as the rules of any incentive plans. Notice periods are set at up to a maximum of twelve months by either party. 

The  Company  considers  a  variety  of  factors  when  considering  leaving  arrangements  for  an  Executive  Director, 
including individual and business performance, the obligation for the Director to mitigate loss (for example by gaining 
new employment) and other relevant circumstances (e.g. ill health). 

If the Executive Director's employment is terminated by the Company, the Executive Director may receive a time 
pro-rated  bonus  to  the  period  worked  subject  to  performance  in  that  period,  subject  to  the  Remuneration 
Committee's discretion.  

The  treatment  of  outstanding  share  awards  is  governed  by  the  relevant  share  plan  rules.  The  following  table 
summarises the leaver provisions of share plans under which Executive Directors may currently hold awards. 

Leaving Event 

Time period 

            Conditions 

Injury,  disability,  ill-health, 
redundancy 

Option  may  be  exercised  within 
3 months of leaving. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Death 

Option  may  be  exercised  by 
personal  representatives  within 
12 months of death. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

Resignation  or  any  other 
reason 
not  mentioned 
above. 

Lapse of option unless 

If allowed to exercise; 

Board  exercises  discretion  to 
allow exercise of option in which 
case  within  3  months  of 
leaving/notice. 

Exercise and time vesting provisions per the 
option certificate. 

Board can waive if satisfied that such waiver 
is not rewarding failure. 

Annual report on approach to remuneration on recruitment 

In  determining  remuneration  for  new  appointments  to  the  Board,  the  Board  will  consider  all  relevant  factors 
including, but not limited to, the calibre of the individual and their existing package, the external market and the 
existing arrangements for the Company's current Executive Directors, with a view that any arrangements offered 
are in the best interests of the Company and shareholders and without paying any more than is necessary. 

Where the new appointment is replacing a previous Executive Director, salaries and total remuneration opportunity 
may be higher or lower than the previous incumbent. If the appointee is expected to develop into the role, the Board 
may  decide  to  appoint  the  new  Executive  Director  to  the  Board  at  a  lower  than  typical  salary.  Larger  increases 
(above  those  of  the  wider  company)  may  be  awarded  over  time  to  move  closer  to  the  market  level  as  their 
experience develops. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Directors’ Remuneration report 

Benefits and other elements of remuneration will normally be limited to those outlined in the remuneration policy 
table  above.  However,  additional  benefits  may  be  provided  by  the  Company  where  the  Board  considers  it 
reasonable and necessary to do so. 

It  is  expected  that  the  structure  and  various  pay  elements  would  reflect  those  set  out  in  the  policy  table  above. 
However, the Board recognises that, as an independent life sciences company, it is competing with global firms for 
its talent. As a result, the Board considers it important that the recruitment policy has sufficient flexibility in order to 
attract the calibre of individual that the Company requires to grow a successful business. The Company recognises 
that in many cases, an external appointee may forfeit significant cash bonuses and/or share awards from a prior 
employer. The Board believes that it needs the ability to compensate new hires for bonuses and/ or incentive awards 
lost  on  joining  the  Company.  The  Board  will  use  its  discretion  in  settling  any  such  compensation,  which  will  be 
decided  on  a  case-by-case  basis,  provided  that  in  no  event  shall  such  compensation  exceed  the  value  of 
compensation forfeited by the external appointee, as confirmed by the appointee in a written agreement with the 
Company. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

Independent Auditor's Report to the members of OKYO Pharma Limited  

Opinion 

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Okyo  Pharma  Limited  (the  ‘Parent  Company’)  and  its  subsidiaries  (the 
‘Group’) for the year ended 31 March 2021 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income; the 
Consolidated and Company Statements of Financial Position; the Consolidated and Company Statements of Changes 
in Equity; the Consolidated and Company Statements of Cash Flows and notes to the financial statements, including a 
summary of significant accounting policies.  The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation 
is applicable law and international accounting standards in conformity with the Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008 and, as 
regards  the  parent  company  financial  statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Companies 
(Guernsey) Law 2008 and, as regards the group financial statements, international financial reporting standards adopted 
by the European Union.  

In  our  opinion,  the  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies 
(Guernsey) Law 2008 and give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 
31 March 2021 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended; and have been properly prepared in accordance with 
international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the  Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008 and, as 
regards the group financial statements, international financial reporting standards adopted by the European Union. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the 
financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and the parent company in accordance with 
the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard, as applied to public interest entities and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion. 

Material uncertainty related to going concern  

We draw attention to note 2 in the financial statements, which indicates that the Group and Parent Company are pre-
revenue and its business model requires significant ongoing expenditure on research and development. For the year 
ended 31 March 2021, the Group incurred losses after taxation of £2,997,429.  Although the net assets of the Group at 
31 March 2021 are £3,854,176, with a cash position of £4,991,663, the forecast prepared by management indicate that 
the current cash position will be sufficient to cover the general and administrative expenses for the foreseeable future, 
leaving a very small cash availability by the end of 2022, by when further funds will be required in order to support the 
ongoing researches. These conditions indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the 
Group’s and Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Our audit procedures to evaluate the directors’ assessment of the group’s and the parent company's ability to continue 
to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included but were not limited to: 

•  Undertaking an initial assessment at the planning stage of the audit to identify events or conditions that may 

cast significant doubt on the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern; 

•  Making enquiries of the directors to understand the period of assessment considered by them, the assumptions 

they considered and the implication of those when assessing the group’s future financial performance;  

•  Evaluating the appropriateness of the directors’ key assumptions in their cash flow forecasts, as described in 
Note 2, by reviewing supporting and contradictory evidence in relation to these key assumptions and assessing 
the directors’ consideration of severe but plausible scenarios;   
Testing the accuracy and functionality of the model used to prepare the directors’ forecasts;  

• 
•  Assessing and evaluating key assumptions and mitigating actions put in place in response to COVID-19; and 
•  Evaluating the appropriateness of the directors’ disclosures in the financial statements relating to going concern.  
• 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, 
the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not 
provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

We summarise below the key audit matters in forming our audit opinion above, together with an overview of the 
principal audit procedures performed to address each matter and key observations arising from those procedures. The 
matters set out below are in addition to the “Material uncertainty related to going concern” above which, by its nature, is 
also a key audit matter. 

These matters, together with our findings, were communicated to those charged with governance through our Audit 
Completion Report. 

Key Audit Matter 
Valuation  and  accounting  of  options,  warrants,  and 
convertible loan notes 

How our scope addressed this matter 
Our  audit  procedures  over  options,  warrants,  and 
convertible loan notes included but were not restricted 
to: 

to 

remunerate 

The  Group  operates 
share-based  payments 
and 
arrangements 
employees in the form of share options. Additionally, 
warrants were granted as part of incentives attached 
to  the  convertible  loans  notes.  These  warrants  are 
exercisable over a certain number of years, according 
to the agreement. 

directors 

With  regards  to  the  convertible  loan  notes,  IAS  32 
to  be 
liability  and  equity  components 
requires 
presented  separately  in  the  Statement  of  Financial 
Position.  As  a  result,  particular  attention  is  required 
when  reviewing  the  contractual  obligations  of  the 
notes in order to conclude as to their accounting as 
debt or equity classified. 

The nature of certain of the Group’s options, warrants 
and convertible loan notes are complex requiring both 
judgement and probability analysis to determine their 
valuation and accounting. 

•  Obtaining management’s valuation of 
options and warrants, evaluating the 
appropriateness of management’s  model 
and reviewing for completeness and 
accuracy of information used; 

•  Reviewing the mathematic integrity of the 

options and warrants calculations; 
•  Reviewing of the reasonableness and 

challenge of the management assumptions 
used in the models 

• 
•  Obtaining and reviewing the option and 
warrant agreements for all current year 
issuances and challenged the 
determination of whether or not they were 
to be accounted for under IFRS 2 Share-
Base Payments;  
;  

• 
•  Examining the contractual obligations of the 

convertible loan note to ensure that 
management’s accounting for the 
aforementioned notes under IAS 32 
Financial Instruments as debt classified 
was appropriate; 

•  Reviewing the calculation for convertible 

debt instruments and ensured the loan note 
principal and accrued interest are recorded 
appropriately on the financial statements; 
and 

•  Reviewing the disclosure in the financial 

statements to ensure disclosure is sufficient 
and appropriate. 

In performing the work above where appropriate we 
used internal valuation and accounting technical 
experts. 

Our observations 
The audit team have not identified any material issue 
to be reported. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

Our application of materiality and an overview of the scope of our audit 

The  scope  of  our  audit  was  influenced  by  our  application  of  materiality.  We  set  certain  quantitative  thresholds  for 
materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, 
timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual financial statement line items and disclosures and in evaluating 
the  effect  of  misstatements,  both  individually  and  on  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole.  Based  on  our  professional 
judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole as follows: 

Overall materiality 

How we determined it 

Rationale for benchmark applied 

Performance materiality 

Reporting threshold 

Group: £151,000 
Parent: £146,000 

Materiality  is  based  on  5%  of  the  Group’s  and  the  Parent 
Company’s losses before tax.  

We  believe  that  the  benchmark  of  losses  before  tax  is  most 
appropriate for both Group and Parent Company as the users of 
the accounts are likely to be most concerned with the annual and 
accumulated losses of the Group and Parent Company and the 
Group’s  and  Parent  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern.  Losses  are  also  representative  of 
the  Group’s 
its 
investment 
objectives. Having considered factors such as the Group’s LSE 
listing,  we  determined  materiality  at  5%  of  Group  and  Parent 
Company’s losses before tax to be appropriate. 
Performance materiality is set to reduce to an appropriately low 
level  the  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and 
undetected  misstatements  in  the  financial  statements  exceeds 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole. 

into  research  and  development 

to  deliver 

Performance  materiality  was  set  at  £106,000  (£103,000  for  the 
parent company), being 70% of overall materiality. 

We agreed with the directors that we would report misstatements 
identified  during  our  audit  above  £5,000  (£4,000  for  the  parent 
company)  as  well  as  misstatements  below  that  amount  that,  in 
our view, warranted reporting for qualitative reasons. 

As part of designing our audit, we assessed the risk of material misstatement in the financial statements, whether due to 
fraud or error, and then designed and performed audit procedures responsive to those risks. In particular, we looked at 
where the directors made subjective judgements such as making assumptions on significant accounting estimates. 

We  tailored  the  scope  of  our  audit  to  ensure  that  we  performed  sufficient  work  to  be  able  to  give  an  opinion  on  the 
financial  statements  as  a  whole.  We  used  the  outputs  of  a  risk  assessment,  our  understanding  of  the  group  and  the 
parent  company,  its  environment,  controls  and  critical  business  processes,  to  consider  qualitative  factors  in  order  to 
ensure that we obtained sufficient coverage across all financial statement line items. 

Our group audit scope included an audit of the group and parent financial statements of Okyo Pharma Limited. Based 
on our risk assessment, only the parent company within the group was subject to full scope audit which was performed 
by the group audit team. For the group’s subsidiaries review procedures were performed by the Group audit team as 
deemed necessary based on Group materiality. 
At  the  parent  level  we  also  tested  the  consolidation  process  and  carried  out  analytical  procedures  to  confirm  our 
conclusion that there were no significant risks of material misstatement of the aggregated financial information. 

Other information 

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and 
our  auditor’s  report  thereon.  The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  Our  opinion  on  the  financial 
statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do 
not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

33 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing 
so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our  knowledge 
obtained  in  the  course  of  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material 
inconsistencies  or  apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a  material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we 
have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report 
that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  Strategic  Report  and  the  Directors’  Report  for  the  financial  year  for  which  the 
financial  statements  are  prepared  is  consistent  with  the  financial  statements  and  those  reports  have  been 
prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements; 
the information about internal control and risk management systems in relation to financial reporting processes 
and about share capital structures, given in compliance with rules 7.2.5 and 7.2.6 in the Disclosure Guidance 
and Transparency Rules sourcebook made by the Financial Conduct Authority (the FCA Rules), is consistent 
with the financial statements and has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements; and  
information about the parent company’s corporate governance code and practices and about its administrative, 
management and supervisory bodies and their committees complies with rules 7.2.2, 7.2.3 and 7.2.7 of the FCA 
rules. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in; 

• 
• 

the Strategic Report or the Directors’ Report; or  
the information about internal control and risk management systems in relation to financial reporting processes 
and about share capital structures, given in compliance with rules 7.2.5 and 7.2.6 of the FCA Rules 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited are 
not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit; or 
• 
a corporate governance statement has not been prepared by the parent company 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement  set  out  on  pages  18  and  19,  the  directors  are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and 
for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease 
operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  are  free  from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are 
considered material if, individually  or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic 
decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line 
with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The 
extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below. 

Based on our understanding of the group and the parent company and its industry, we identified that the principal risks 
of non-compliance with laws and regulations related to the anti-bribery, corruption and fraud, money laundering, and we 
considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. 

In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect to irregularities including non-compliance with laws 
and regulations, our procedures included but were not limited to:  

•  At the planning stage of our audit, gaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable 

to the group and parent company, the structure of the group, the industry in which they operate and 
considered the risk of acts by the group and the parent company which were contrary to the applicable laws 
and regulations;  

•  Discussing with the directors and management the policies and procedures in place regarding compliance 

with laws and regulations;   

•  Discussing amongst the engagement team the identified laws and regulations, and remaining alert to any 

indications of non-compliance; and 

•  During the audit, focusing on areas of laws and regulations that could reasonably be expected to have a 

material effect on the financial statements from our general commercial and sector experience and through 
discussions with the directors (as required by auditing standards), from inspection of the company’s and 
group’s regulatory and legal correspondence and review of minutes of directors’ meetings in the year. We also 
considered those other laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of financial 
statements.  

Our procedures in relation to fraud included but were not limited to: 

•  Making enquiries of the directors and management on whether they had knowledge of any actual, suspected 

or alleged fraud; 

•  Gaining an understanding of the internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud; 
•  Discussing amongst the engagement team the risks of fraud such as opportunities for fraudulent manipulation 
of financial statements, and determined that the principal risks were related to posting manual journal entries 
to manipulate financial performance, management bias through judgements and assumptions in significant 
accounting estimates; and 

•  Addressing the risks of fraud through management override of controls by performing journal entry testing. 

The primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of irregularities including fraud rests with both those charged 
with governance and management. As with any audit, there remained a risk of non-detection of irregularities, as these 
may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of internal controls. 

As a result of our procedures, we did not identify any key audit matters relating to irregularities. The risks of material 
misstatement that had the greatest effect on our audit, including fraud, are discussed under “Key audit matters” within 
this report.  

further  description  of  our  responsibilities 

A 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. 

is  available  on 

the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at 

Other matters which we are required to address 

Following the recommendation of the audit committee, we were appointed by the directors on 22 June 2020 to audit the 
financial  statements  for  the  year  ending  31  March  2021  and  subsequent  financial  periods.  The  period  of  total 
uninterrupted engagement is 5 years, covering the year ending 31 March 2021. 

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the group or the parent company 
and we remain independent of the group and the parent company in conducting our audit. 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee. 

Use of the audit report 

This report is made solely to the parent company’s members as a body in accordance with the Companies (Guernsey) 
Law 2008. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the parent company’s members those matters 
we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, 
we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the parent company and the parent company’s members 
as a body for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Auditors report 

Robert Neate (Senior Statutory Auditor) for and on behalf of Mazars LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor  
Tower Bridge House 
St Katharine’s Way 
London 
E1W 1DD 
31 July 2021  

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

  Notes 

Year ended  
31 March 2021 
£ 

Year ended  
31 March 2020 
£ 

- 

- 

4 

9 
9 
18 

8 

(132,860) 
(1,987,367)) 
(886,909) 

─────── 
(3,007,136) 

(858) 
- 
(8,539) 
─────── 
(3,016,533) 

19,104 
─────── 
(2,997,429) 

3,100 
─────── 
(2,994,329) 
═══════ 

(0.00) 
═══════ 

(407,478) 
(799,503) 
- 

─────── 
(1,206,981) 

(911) 
37,850 
(104,342) 
─────── 
(1,274,384) 

60,000 
─────── 
(1,214,384) 

3,639 
─────── 
(1,210,745) 
═══════ 

(0.00) 
═══════ 

Continuing operations 
Income 

Operating expenses 
Research and development 
Operating expenses 
Chairman’s bonus 

Total operating loss 

Finance expense 
Finance income 
Impairment of loan 

Loss before income tax 

Taxation 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income - foreign currency 
translation  

Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Basic and diluted loss per share 

19 

The notes on pages 44 to 64 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

The Directors consider that all results derive from continuing activities.  

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Consolidated statement of financial position  
As at 31 March 2021 

Notes 

At 
31 March 2021 
£ 

At 
31 March 2020 
£ 

Property, plant, and equipment 
Right of use asset 

Total non-current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Other receivables 
Related party receivable 
Taxation receivable 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
CLN reserve 
Share options reserve 
Warrants reserve 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
Retained deficit 

Shareholders’ equity 

Lease liability non-current 

Total non-current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payable 
Lease Liability current 

Total current liabilities 

Total current and non-current liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

10 
20 

11 
18 
8 

13 
13 
16 
15 
15 

20 

12 
18 
20 

4,389 
71,425 
─────── 
75,814 
─────── 
4,991,663 
31,424 
20,044 
19,072 
─────── 
5,062,203 
─────── 
5,138,017 
═══════ 

- 
67,148,029 
6,474,832 
462,428 
2,347,236 
5,844 
(72,584,193) 
─────── 
3,854,176 
─────── 

46,815 
─────── 
46,815 

1,212,284 
- 
24,742 
─────── 
1,237,026 
─────── 

1,283,841 
─────── 
5,138,017 
═══════ 

512 
24,278 
─────── 

24,790                                                                                

─────── 
189,941 
191,120 
17,092 
60,000 
─────── 
458,153 
─────── 
482,943 
═══════ 

- 
67,518,700 

68,233 
1,721,625 
2,744 
(69,424,317) 
─────── 
(113,015) 
─────── 

21,454 
─────── 
21,454 

535,000 
35,398 
4,106 
─────── 
574,504 
─────── 

595,958 
─────── 
482,943 
═══════ 

The notes on pages 44 to 64 form an integral part of these financial statements 

These financial statements were approved by the board of Directors on 31 July 2021 and were signed on their behalf by: 

Willy Simon 

Director 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Company statement of financial position 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Notes 

At 
31 March 2021 
£ 

At 
31 March 2020 
£ 

Property, plant and equipment 
Investment in subsidiary 

Total non-current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Intercompany receivable 
Other receivables 
Related party receivable 
Taxation receivable 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
CLN Reserve 
Share options reserves 
Warrants reserve 
Retained deficit 

Shareholders’ equity 

Current Liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Related party payable 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

10 
14 

14 
11 
18 
8 

13 
13 
16 
15 
15 

12 
18 

1,894 
- 
─────── 
1,894 
─────── 
4,837,723 
91,552 
25,990 
20,044 
19,072 
─────── 
4,994,381 
─────── 
4,996,275 
═══════ 

- 
67,148,029 
6,474,832 
462,428 
2,347,236 
(72,608,918) 
─────── 
3,823,607 
─────── 

1,172,668 

─────── 
1,172,668 
─────── 
4,996,275 
═══════ 

512 
- 
─────── 
512 
─────── 
162,277 
- 
190,784 
17,092 
60,000 
─────── 
430,153 
─────── 
430,665 
═══════ 

- 
67,518,700 

68,233 
1,721,625 
(69,430,027) 
─────── 
(121,469) 
─────── 

516,736 
35,398 
─────── 
552,134 
─────── 
430,665 
═══════ 

The Company reported a loss for the financial year ended 31 March 2021 of £3,016,444 (2020: £1,371,923). 

These financial statements were approved by the board of Directors on 31 July 2021 and were signed on their behalf by: 

Willy Simon 

Director

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Balance at 1 April 2020 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 
Loss for the period 
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations 

Transactions with owners, recorded directly in equity 

Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Shares issued  
CLN Issued 
CLN Interest 
Options charge    
Options exercised 
Options forfeiture 
Warrant’s charge 

Balance at 31 March 2021 

Balance at 1 April 2019 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 
Loss for the period 
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations 

Transactions with owners, recorded directly in equity 

Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Shares issued  
Options charge    
Warrant’s charge 

Balance at 31 March 2020 

Notes 

Share 
premium 
£ 

67,518,700  

13 
16 
16 
15 
15 
15 
15 

- 
- 

181,346 
- 
- 
- 
11,250 
- 
(563,267) 
─────── 
67,148,029 
═══════ 

68,403,220  

- 
- 

CLN  
Reserve 
£ 

Share options 
reserve 
£ 

Warrants 
reserve 
£ 

Translation 
reserve 
£ 

Retained  
deficit 
£ 

Total 
shareholders’ 
equity 
£ 

- 

- 
- 

68,233 

1,721,625 

2,744 

(69,424,317) 

(113,015) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
3,100 

(2,997,429) 
- 

(2,997,429) 
3,100 

- 
6,311,287 
163,545 
- 
- 
- 
- 
─────── 
6,474,832 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
399,460 
(1,098) 
(4,167) 
- 
─────── 
462,428 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
625,611 
─────── 
2,347,236 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
─────── 
5,844 
═══════ 

- 
- 
(163,545) 
- 
1,098 
- 
- 
──────── 
(72,584,193) 
════════ 

181,346 
6,311,287 
0 
399,460 
11,250 
(4,167) 
62,344 
─────── 
3,854,176 
═══════ 

- 

- 
- 

38,744 

24,281 

(895) 

(68,209,933) 

255,417 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
3,639 

(1,214,384) 
- 

(1,214,384) 
3,639 

13 
15 
15 

779,126 
- 
(1,663,646) 
─────── 
67,518,700  
═══════ 

- 
- 
─────── 
-  
═══════ 

- 
29,489 
- 
─────── 
68,233 
═══════ 

- 
- 
1,697,344 
─────── 
1,721,625 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
─────── 
2,744 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
──────── 
(69,424,317) 
════════ 

779,126 
29,489 
33,698 
─────── 
(113,015) 
═══════ 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Company statement of changes in equity 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Balance at 1 April 2020 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 
Loss for the period 

Shares issued  
CLN Issue 
CLN Interest 
Options charge    
Options exercised 
Options forfeiture 
Warrants charge 

Balance at 31 March 2021 

Balance at 1 April 2019 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 
Loss for the period 

Shares issued  
Options charge    
Warrants charge 

Balance at 31 March 2020 

Notes 

Share 
premium 
£ 

67,518,700  

- 

CLN  
Reserve 

£ 

- 

- 

Share 
options 
reserve 
£ 

Share 
warrants 
reserve 
£ 

Retained  
deficit 
£ 

Total 
shareholders’ 
equity 
£ 

68,233 

1,721,625 

(69,430,027) 

(121,469) 

- 

- 

(3,016,444) 

(3,016,444) 

13 
16 
16 
15 
15 
15 
15 

181,346 
- 
- 
- 
11,250 
- 
(563,267) 
  ─────── 
67,148,029 
  ═══════ 

68,403,220  

- 

- 
6,311,287 
163,545 
- 
- 
- 
- 
─────── 
6,474,832 
═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
399,460 
(1,098) 
(4,167) 
- 
─────── 
462,428 
═══════ 

- 
- 
(163,545) 
- 
1,098 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
625,611 

- 
───────  ──────── 
(72,608,918) 
═══════  ════════ 

2,347,236 

181,346 
6,311,287 
0 
399,460 
11,250 
(4,167) 
62,344 
─────── 
3,823,607 
═══════ 

- 

- 

38,744 

24,281 

(68,058,104) 

408,141 

- 

- 

(1,371,923) 

(1,371,923) 

- 
- 
1,697,344 

- 
- 
- 
───────  ──────── 
(69,430,027) 
═══════  ════════ 

1,721,625 

779,126 
29,489 
33,698 
─────── 
(121,469) 
═══════ 

13 
15 
15 

779,126 
- 
(1,663,646) 
  ─────── 
67,518,700  
  ═══════ 

- 
- 
- 
─────── 
-  
═══════ 

- 
29,489 
- 
─────── 
68,233 
═══════ 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the year before taxation 

Adjusted for non-cash and non-operating items: 
Share options charge 
Warrants charge 
Forfeiture of options 
CLN issued in lieu of fees 

Depreciation of property, plant, and equipment 
Amortisation of right-of-use asset 
Loss on disposal of right of use asset 
Impairment on loan to West African Minerals Ltd 
Loss on foreign exchange 
Net (increase) in related party receivables 
Net (decrease)/ increase in related party payables 
Net decrease/ (increase) in other receivables 
Net increase in trade and other payables 

Cash used in operating activities 

Cash inflow from taxation 

Net Cash From Operating Activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Loan to West African Minerals Ltd 

Cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 
Proceeds from issuance of convertible loan notes 
Proceeds from options exercised 
Repayment of leasing liabilities 
Interest on leasing liabilities 

Cash generated from financing activities 

Notes 

Year ended 31 
March 2021 
£ 

Year ended 31 
March 2020 
(restated)* 
£ 

(3,016,533) 

(1,274,384) 

15 
15 

16 
10 
20 
20 

18 

16 
15 

399,460 
62,345 
(4,167) 

434,183 
1,154 
8,867 
(592) 
8,539 
3,100 
(2,952) 
(35,398) 
159,696 
677,283 
─────── 
(1,305,015) 

29,489 
33,698 
- 

- 
335 
4,367 
- 
104,342 
10,944 
(17,093) 
29,925 
(96,101) 
213,310 
─────── 
(961,168) 

60,032 

- 

(1,244,983) 

(961,168) 

(5,031) 
(8,539) 
─────── 
(13,570) 

181,346 
5,877,104 
11,250 
(10,283) 
858 
─────── 
6,060,275 

- 
(104,342) 
─────── 
(104,342) 

779,126 
- 
- 
(4,828) 
- 
─────── 
774,298 

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

4,801,722 

(291,212) 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

189,941 
─────── 
4,991,663 
═══════ 

481,153 
─────── 
189,941 
═══════ 

• 

The prior year has been restated to show issuance and impairment of the loan to West African Minerals Ltd, the 
net impact of which is nil.  

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Company statement of cash flows 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss for the year before taxation 

Adjusted for non-cash and non-operating items: 
Share options charge 
Warrants charge 
Forfeiture of options 
CLN issued in lieu of fees 
Impairment on loan to West African Minerals Ltd 
Depreciation of property, plant, and equipment 
Loss on foreign exchange 
Net (increase)/decrease in intercompany receivables 
Net (increase) in related party receivables 
Net (decrease)/ increase in related party payables 
Net decrease in other receivables 
Net increase in trade and other payables 

Cash used in operating activities 

Cash inflow from taxation 

Net Cash from Operating Activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Loan to West African Minerals Ltd 

Cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 
Proceeds from issuance of convertible loan notes 
Proceeds from options exercised 

Cash generated from financing activities 

Notes 

Year ended 31 March 
2021 
£ 

Year ended 31 March 
2020 (restated)* 
£ 

(3,035,548) 

(1,431,923) 

15 
15 

16 

10 

18 

16 
15 

399,460 
62,345 
(4,167) 
434,183 
8,539 
1,117 
- 
(91,552) 
(2,952) 
(35,398) 
164,795 
655,930 
─────── 
(1,443,248) 

60,032 

29,489 
33,698 
- 
- 
104,342 
335 
17,387 
128,102 
(17,092) 
29,925 
(96,363) 
210,475 
─────── 
(991,625) 

- 

(1,383,216) 

(991,625) 

(2,499) 
(8,539) 
─────── 
(11,038) 

181,346 
5,877,104 
11,250 
─────── 
6,069,700 

- 
(104,342) 
─────── 
(104,432) 

779,126 
- 
- 
─────── 
779,126 

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

4,675,446 

(316,841) 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

162,277 
─────── 
4,837,723 
═══════ 

479,118 
─────── 
162,277 
═══════ 

* The prior year has been restated to show issuance and impairment of the loan to West African Minerals Ltd, the 
net impact of which is nil.  

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

1.  Reporting Entity 

OKYO  Pharma  Limited  (the  “Company”  or  “OKYO”)  is  a  company  domiciled  in  Guernsey  and  listed  on  the  standard 
market of the London Stock Exchange (LON: OKYO).  

The Company is developing next-generation therapeutics to improve the lives of patients with inflammatory eye diseases 
and chronic pain. Our goal is to develop first in class drug candidates that prevent the disease instead of controlling it, 
and we achieve this through our collaboration with pioneer scientists in the field. 

The ultimate parent of the group is Planwise Group Limited, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands.  

2.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. 
These policies have been applied consistently to all the years presented unless otherwise stated. 

Basis of preparation 

The consolidated financial statements of the Group and Company have been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union,  IFRIC  interpretations  and  the  Companies 
(Guernsey) Law 2008 as applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. These accounts have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention, except for share based payments and other financial instruments, which are initially recorded 
at fair value. 

Basis of measurement 

Functional and Presentation Currency 
The financial statements of the Group and Company are presented in Pound Sterling (£) which is the Parent Company’s 
functional currency. All financial information presented in Pound Sterling has been rounded to the nearest pound. 

In  preparing  these  financial  statements,  the  significant  judgements  made  by  management  in  applying  the  Group  and 
Company’s accounting policies and the key accounting estimates are accruals and the non-recognition of a deferred tax 
asset. The deferred tax asset has not been recognised as the Directors do not deem it probable that there will be sufficient 
taxable temporary differences against which the deferred tax asset will be uitlised in future, as it is not anticipated that 
the company will make profits for the foreseeable future 

Going Concern 

The Group and Company incurred losses during the year and has net assets at the year end. 

As discussed in the Strategic Report, the Group and Company is in the early stages of developing its business focusing 
on drug candidates for the treatment of dry-eye, uveitis, ocular and chronic pain. The Directors expect the Group and 
Company to incur further losses and to require significant capital expenditure in continuing towards the clinical stage for 
these candidates. The Group and Company has successfully secured additional investment funds to date. 

The Directors have prepared cash flow projections that include the costs associated with the continued clinical trials and 
additional investment to fund that operation.  On the basis of those projections, the directors conclude that the company 
will be able to meet its liabilities as they fall due a period beyond the next 12 months from the date when these financial 
statements are issued and accordingly the Directors have prepared  the financial statements on a going concern basis. 

Until and unless the Group and Company secures sufficient investment to fund their clinical pipeline, there is a material 
uncertainty about the Group and Company’s ability to continue as a going concern after December 20222, and therefore 
about the applicability of the going concern basis of preparation. The financial statements do not include the adjustments 
that would be required if the going concern basis of preparation was considered inappropriate. 

New and Revised Standards 

Standards in effect in 2020 

An amendment to IFRS 3 ‘Definition of a business’ has come into effect from January 1, 2020. The Company has applied 
the new definition to any relevant transactions and the impact to the financial statements is immaterial. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

IFRS in issue but not applied in the current financial statements 

The directors do not expect that the adoption of new IFRS Standards, Interpretations and Amendments that have been 
issued but are not yet effective will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Group in future periods. 

Several IFRS and IFRIC interpretations are also currently in issue which are not relevant for the Group’s activities and 
which have not therefore been adopted in preparing these financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 

Subsidiary  undertakings  are  all  entities  over  which  the  Group  exercises  control.  The  Group  has  control  when  it  can 
demonstrate  all  of  the  following:  (a)  power  over  the  investee;  (b)  exposure,  or  rights,  to  variable  returns  from  its 
involvement with the investee; and (c) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s 
return. 

The  existence  and  effect  of  both  current  voting  rights  and  potential  voting  rights  that  are  currently  exercisable  or 
convertible are considered when assessing whether control of an entity is exercised. Subsidiaries are consolidated from 
the date at which the Group obtains control and are de-consolidated from the date at which control ceases. 

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated 
upon consolidation. Unrealised losses are also eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where 
necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. 

Segment reporting 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Board.  The Board 
allocates resources to and assess the performance of the segments. The Board considers there to be only one operating 
segment being the research and development of biotechnological and pharmaceutical products.  

Taxation 

The tax credit for the year represents the total of current taxation and deferred taxation. The credit in respect of current 
taxation is based on the estimated taxable loss for the year. Taxable profit or loss for the year is based on the profit or 
loss as shown in the statement of comprehensive income, as adjusted for items of income or expenditure which are not 
deductible or chargeable for tax purposes. The current tax asset for the year is calculated using tax rates which have 
either been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Deferred  tax  is  provided  in  full,  using  the  liability  method,  on  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases  of 
assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Deferred  tax  is  determined 
using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and expected to 
apply when the related deferred tax is realised, or the deferred liability is settled. Deferred tax assets are recognised to 
the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can 
be utilised. 

Research  and  Development  tax  credits  are  provided  for  in  the  year  that  the  costs  are  incurred.  These  are  estimated 
based on eligible research and development expenditure. Any difference rebated are recognized in the following year, 
when the cash is received from the UK tax authorities. 

Foreign currency translation 

Foreign currency transactions are translated using the rate of exchange applicable at the date of the transaction. Foreign 
exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the re-translation at the year end 
of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement. 

On  consolidation,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  subsidiaries  are  translated  into  Pound  Sterling  at  the  rate  of 
exchange  prevailing  at  the  reporting  date  and  their  statements  of  comprehensive  income  are  translated  at  exchange 
rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. The exchange differences arising on translation for consolidation are 
recognised in other comprehensive income. On disposal of a foreign subsidiary, the component of other comprehensive 
income relating to that particular foreign subsidiary is recognised in profit or loss. 

License fees 

Payments related to the acquisition of rights to a product or technology are capitalised as intangible assets if it is probable 
that future economic benefits from the asset will flow to the entity and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.  

Payments made which provide the right to perform research are carefully evaluated to determine whether such payments 
are to fund research or acquire an asset. Licence fees expenses are recognised as incurred.  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Research and development 

All on-going research and development expenditure is currently expensed in the period in which it is incurred. Due to the 
regulatory environment inherent in the development of the Group’s products, the criteria for development costs to be 
recognised as an asset, as set out in IAS 38 ‘Intangible Assets’, are not met until a product has been granted regulatory 
approval and it is probable that future economic benefit will flow to the Group. The Group currently has no qualifying 
expenditure. 

Financial instruments 

The Group classifies a financial instrument, or its component parts, as a financial liability, a financial asset or an 
equity instrument in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement and the definitions of a 
financial liability, a financial asset and an equity instrument. 

The Group evaluates the terms of the financial instrument to determine whether it contains an asset, a liability or 
an equity component. Such components shall be classified separately as financial assets, financial liabilities or 
equity instruments. 

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or 
equity instrument of another entity. 

(a)  Financial assets, initial recognition and measurement and subsequent measurement 

The  initial  recognition  and  measurement  of  financial  assets  depends  on  their  classification.  Financial  assets  such  as 
receivables and deposits are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less loss 
allowance. 

The Group does not hold any financial assets at fair value through profit or loss or fair value through other 
comprehensive income. 

(b)  Financial liabilities, initial recognition and measurement and subsequent measurement 

The initial recognition and measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification. All financial liabilities are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange 
gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss. 

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables. 

Impairment 

Impairment of financial assets measured at amortised cost 
At each reporting date the Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets measured 
at amortised cost. 

In establishing the appropriate amount of loss allowance to be recognised, the Group applies either the general approach 
or the simplified approach, depending on the nature of the underlying group of financial assets. 

General approach 
The general approach is applied to the impairment assessment of refundable lease deposits and other refundable lease 
contributions, restricted cash and cash and cash equivalents.  

Under the general approach the Group recognises a loss allowance for a financial asset at an amount equal to the 12-
month  expected  credit  losses,  unless  the  credit  risk  on  the  financial  asset  has  increased  significantly  since  initial 
recognition, in which case a loss allowance is recognised at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses. 

Simplified approach 
The simplified approach is applied to the impairment assessment of trade receivables. 

Under the simplified approach the Group always recognises a loss allowance for a financial asset at an amount equal to 
the lifetime expected credit losses. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Impairment of non financial assets  

i)  Non-financial assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 

that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. 

ii)  Non-financial assets are impaired when its carrying amount exceed its recoverable amount. The 

recoverable amount is measured as the higher of fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. The 
value in use is calculated as being net projected cash flows based on financial forecasts discounted 
back to present value. 

Investments  

Investments are held as non-current assets and comprise investments in subsidiary undertakings and are stated at cost 
less provision for any impairment. 

Share capital 

Ordinary shares of the Company are classified as equity.  

Property, plant and equipment 

(i) 

Recognition and measurement 

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment 
losses. Costs include expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. Purchased software that 
is integral to the functionality of the related equipment is capitalised as part of that equipment.  

When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate 
items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. 

Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds 
from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment, and are recognised in profit or loss.  

(ii) 

 Depreciation 

Depreciation is calculated on the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, less its residual value. 

Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of each part of an item 
of property, plant and equipment. 

The estimated useful lives for the current period and the comparative period are as follows. 

Fixtures and fittings   5 years 

IT and equipment  

  3 years 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date. Depreciation is allocated to 
the operating expenses line of the statement of comprehensive income. 

Leases 

All leases are accounted for by recognising a right-of-use asset and a lease liability except for: 

• 
• 

Leases of low value assets; and 
Leases with a duration of 12 months or less. 

The Group has leases for its offices. Each lease is reflected on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease 
liability. The Group does not have any short-term leases or leases of low value assets. Variable lease payments which 
do not depend on an index or a rate (such as lease payments based on a percentage of Group sales) are excluded from 
the initial measurement of the lease liability and asset. The Group classifies its right-of-use assets in a consistent manner 
to its property, plant and equipment (see Note xx). 

Measurement and recognition of leases as a lessee 
At lease commencement date, the Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability in its consolidated 
statement  of  financial  position.  The  right-of-use  asset  is  measured  at  cost,  which  is  made  up  of  the  initial 
measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred by the Group, an estimate of any costs to dismantle 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

and remove the asset at the end of the lease, and any lease payments made in advance of the lease commencement 
date (net of any incentives received). 

The Group depreciates the right-of-use asset on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to the 
earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The Group also assesses 
the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist. 

At the commencement date, the Group measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments 
unpaid at that date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate because as the lease contracts are 
negotiated with third parties it is not possible to determine the interest rate that is implicit in the lease. The 
incremental borrowing rate is the estimated rate that the Group would have to pay to borrow the same amount over 
a similar term, and with similar security to obtain an asset of equivalent value. This rate is adjusted should the 
lessee entity have a different risk profile to that of the Group. 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including in 
substance fixed), variable payments based on an index or rate, amounts expected to be payable under a residual 
value guarantee and payments arising from options reasonably certain to be exercised. 

Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced by lease payments that are allocated between 
repayments of principal and finance costs. The finance cost is the amount that produces a constant periodic rate 
of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liability. 

Fair Value Measurement 

Management have assessed the categorisation of the fair value measurements using the IFRS 13 fair value hierarchy.  
Categorisation within the hierarchy has been determined on the basis of the lowest level of input that is significant to the 
fair value measurement of the relevant asset as follows; 

Level 1 - valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets; 

Level 2 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using observable inputs other than quoted prices included within 
Level 1; 

Level 3 - valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

Share based payments 

The  calculation  of  the  fair  value  of  equity-settled  share  based  awards  and  the  resulting  charge  to  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  requires  assumptions  to  be  made  regarding  future  events  and  market  conditions.  These 
assumptions  include  the  future  volatility  of  the  Company's  share  price.  These  assumptions  are  then  applied  to  a 
recognised valuation model in order to calculate the fair value of the awards. 

Where employees, Directors or advisers are rewarded using share based payments, the fair value of the employees', 
Directors' or advisers' services are determined by reference to the fair value of the share options/warrants awarded. Their 
value  is  appraised  at  the  date  of  grant  and  excludes  the  impact  of  any  nonmarket  vesting  conditions  (for  example, 
profitability and sales growth targets). Warrants issued in association with the issue of Convertible Loan Notes or private 
placements are also considered as share based payments and a  payment charge is calculated for these too.  

In accordance with IFRS 2, a charge is made to the statement of comprehensive income for all share-based payments 
including share options  based upon the fair  value of the instrument used. A corresponding credit is made to a share 
based payment reserve - options, in the case of options awarded to employees, Directors, advisers and other consultants. 

If vesting periods or other vesting conditions apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best 
available  estimate  of  the  number  of  share  options  expected  to  vest.  Non  market  vesting  conditions  are  included  in 
assumptions about the number of options that are expected to become exercisable.  

Estimates are subsequently revised, if there is any indication that the number of share options expected to vest differs 
from previous estimates. No adjustment is made to the expense or share issue cost recognised in prior periods if fewer 
share options ultimately are exercised than originally estimated.  

Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received are allocated to share capital with any excess being recorded as 
share premium.  

Where share options are cancelled, this is treated as an acceleration of the vesting period of the options. The amount 
that otherwise would have been recognised for services received over the remainder of the vesting period is recognised 
immediately within the Statement of comprehensive income.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share based payment are measured at their fair value. 

Warrants 

Warrants are issued by the Group in return for services and as part of a financing transaction.  

Warrants issued in return for services. 
Warrants issued in return for services fall within scope of IFRS 2. The financial liability component is measured at fair 
value and charged to the Consolidated Statement of Income.  There is no remeasurement of fair value.  

Warrants issued as part of a financing transaction. 
Warrants  issued  as  part  of  a  financing  transaction  fall  outside  the  scope  of  IFRS  2.  These  are  classified  as  equity 
instruments because a fixed amount of cash is exchanged for a fixed amount of equity. The fair value is recognised within 
equity and is not remeasured. 

Classification of these instruments is governed by the so-called ‘fixed’ test for non-derivatives, and the ‘fixed for fixed’ 
test for derivatives. Under the fixed test, a non-derivative contract will qualify for equity classification only where there is 
no contractual obligation for the issuer to deliver a variable number of its own equity instruments. Under the fixed for fixed 
test, a derivative will qualify for equity classification only where it will be settled by the issuer exchanging a fixed amount 
of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of its own equity instruments. 

Warrants issued by the Group are classified as equity instruments because a fixed amount of cash is exchanged for a 
fixed amount of equity of the Group. No other features exist that would result in financial liability classification. 

Equity is measured at the residual between the subscription price for the entire instrument and the liability component 
and is not remeasured. 

Convertible loan notes 

Where there is no option to repay in cash or the Company has the choice of settlement, and the interest rate is fixed 

The Group considers these to be convertible equity instruments and records the principal of the loan note as an equity 
in a Convertible loan note reserve. The accrued interest on the principal amount, for which there is no obligation to settle 
in cash, is also recorded in the Convertible loan note reserve.  Upon redemption of the instrument and the issue of share 
capital, the amount is reclassified from the convertible loan note reserve to share capital and share premium. 

Where the above conditions are not met 

The Group considers these to be convertible debt instruments and records the principal of the loan note as a debt liability 
in the liabilities section of the statement of financial position.  The accrued interest on the principal amount is recorded in 
the income statement and as an increase in the debt liability. Upon redemption of the instrument and the issue of share 
capital, the amount is reclassified from the debt liability to share capital and share premium. 

Under IAS 32 the liability and equity components of convertible loan notes must be presented separately on the statement 
of financial position. The Group has examined the terms of each issue of convertible loan notes and determined their 
accounting treatment accordingly.  

3.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The preparation of financial information in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice, in the case of the 
Group being International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union, requires the directors to 
make estimates and judgements that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenditure and the 
disclosures made in the financial statements. Such estimates and judgements must be continually evaluated based on 
historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events. 

The following are considered to be critical accounting estimates: 

Share-based payments 
The  Group  accounts  for  share-based  payment  transactions  for  employees  in  accordance  with  IFRS  2  Share-based 
Payment, which requires the measurement of the cost of employee services received in exchange for the options on our 
ordinary shares, based on the fair value of the award on the grant date. 

The Directors selected the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model as the most appropriate method for determining 
the  estimated  fair  value  of  our  share-based  awards  without  market  conditions.  For  performance-based  options  that 
include vesting conditions relating to the market performance of our ordinary shares, a Monte Carlo pricing model was 
used in order to reflect the valuation impact of price hurdles that have to be met as conditions to vesting.  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

The resulting cost of an equity incentive award is recognised as expense over the requisite service period of the award, 
which is usually the vesting period. Compensation expense is recognised over the vesting period using the straight-line 
method.. 

The assumptions used for estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions are disclosed in note 27 to our 
consolidated financial statements.  

The following are considered to be critical accounting judgments: 

Research and development costs 
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and are typically made up of clinical and preclinical 
activities,  drug  development  and  manufacturing  costs,  and  third-party  service  fees,  including  for  clinical  research 
organizations  and  investigative  sites.    When  entering  into  agreements  with  third  parties  which  provide  the  rights  to 
conduct  research  into  specific  biological  processes  the  Group  accounts  for  these  agreements  as  an  expense  if  the 
agreements are 'milestone' in nature and relate to the Group's own research and development costs. Such agreements 
involve periodic payments and are evaluated as representing payments made to fund research.  

Leases 
IFRS 16 defines the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease together with the options to extend or terminate 
a  lease,  if  the  lessee  were  reasonably  certain  to  exercise  that  option.  This  will  take  into  account  the  length  of  time 
remaining before the option is exercisable, current trading, future trading forecasts as to the ongoing  profitability  of  the  
organisation  and  the  level  and  type  of  planned  future  capital  investment.  The  judgement  is  reassessed  at  each  
reporting  period.  A reassessment of the remaining life of the lease could result in a recalculation of the lease liability 
and a material adjustment to the associated balances. 

4.  OPERATING LOSS 

Operating loss is stated after charging:   

Group  

Director fees including bonus 
Chairman’s bonus 
Audit fees 
FX Gains and losses 
Depreciation 

5.   SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

31 March 2021 
£ 
212,660 
886,909 
45,000 
152,916 
1,156 
══════ 

31 March 2020 
£ 
96,031 
- 
42,000 
10,944 
4,702 
══════ 

During the year under review management identified the Group’s only operating segment as the research and development 
of biotechnological and pharmaceutical products. This one segment is monitored and strategic decisions are made based 
upon it and other non-financial data collated from industry intelligence. The form of financial reporting reported to the Board 
is consistent with those presented in the annual financial statements. 

6.  EMPLOYEES 

Group and Company 
Staff costs comprised: 
Directors’ salaries (including bonus) 
Wages and salaries (including bonus) 
Social security costs 
Recruitment expenses 

2021 
£ 
1,099,569 

7,294 
9,877 
1,209,763 

2020 
£ 
96,031 
180,379 
54,063 
- 
330,473 

93,023                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

The  average  monthly  number  of  employees,  including  Directors,  employed 
by the Group during the year was: 
Research and development 
Corporate and administration 

1 
5 
6 

1 
3 
4 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

The Group and Company made £2,220 (2020: £2,182) of payments to a defined contribution pension schemes on behalf 
of Directors or employees. 

7.  REMUNERATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 

Directors of the Group and Company received the following remuneration during the period:  

Director 

G. Cerrone (1) 
G Jacob (2) 
W Simon 

K. Shailubhai  
J Brancaccio (3) 
G Macrae (4) 
L Zambeletti (5) 

31 March 2021 
Salary 
Bonus 
£’000 
£’000 

Directors' 
fee 
£’000 

27 
- 
32 
28 

24 
10 
- 

887 
30 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
61 
- 
- 

- 

- 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
- 
358 
2 
13 

12 

- 

121 

917 

61 

385 

31 March 2020 

Directors' 
fee 
£’000 

Bonus 
£’000 

Salary 
£’000 

- 
- 
32 
30 

- 
6 
28 

96 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

Share 
based 
payments 
£’000 
- 
- 
3 
24 

- 
- 
5 

32 

(1)  Gabriele Cerrone’s bonus awarded for £887kwas awarded on the basis of  the co-invention of the use of Chemerin in 
the COVID-19 indication when he was not a director or employee of the Company (now the subject of a patent 
application); work carried out in procuring, backing and completing the refinancing the Company in 2020 and actions 
taken to make new executive appointments and scientific advisory appointments to the Board with the result that the 
Company now has a clear and accelerated path to the clinic. 

(2)  Gary Jacob became an employee and Director of the Company on 7 January 2021 
(3)  John Brancaccio was appointed as Director on 10 June 2020 
(4)  Gregor Macrae was appointed as Director on 18 December 2019 and resigned on 10 June 2020 
(5)  Leopoldo Zambeletti resigned as Director on 18 December 2019 

The following share options were granted to Directors in the year: 

Director 

J Brancaccio 
G Jacob 

2021 
Number of 
options 

450,000 
40,000,000 
40,450,000 

2020 
Number of 
options 

- 
- 
-  

The  key  management  personnel  of  the  Group  are  considered  to  be  represented  by  the  Directors  and  officers  of  the 
Company.   

No director has yet benefitted from any increase in the value of share capital since issuance of the options and no director 
exercised share options in the year.   

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

8.  TAXATION 

Group  
Current year tax (credit) 
Adjustments in respect of prior periods 

Deferred tax 
Origination and reversal of timing differences  

Total tax (credit) for period 

The tax charge for the year is different from the standard rate of 
corporation tax in the United Kingdom of 19%. The difference can 
be reconciled as follows: 

2021 
£ 

2020 
£ 

(19,072) 
(32) 

- 
(60,000) 

- 

- 

(19,104) 

(60,000) 

Loss before taxation 

(3,016,532) 

(1,274,384) 

Loss charged at standard rate of corporation tax 19%  

(573,141) 

(242,133) 

Tax losses arising in the year not recognised 
Expenses not deductible for taxation  
Tax increase from effect of capital allowances and depreciation 
Research and Development tax claim 
Adjustments to tax charge in respect of previous periods 
Consolidation  adjustment 
movements 
Loans written off 

relation 

to 

in 

foreign  exchange 

587,418 
- 
(255) 
(33,197) 
(32) 
103 

- 
(19,104) 

267,519 
114 
64 
-  
(60,000) 
(25,564) 

- 
(60,000) 

No deferred tax asset has been recognised  in respect of trading losses carried forward  because  of uncertainty as to 
when these losses will be recoverable.  

The Group has tax losses of £7,193,677 (2020: £4,213,974) to carry forward for use against future profits.  

9.  FINANCE INCOME AND COSTS 

Group  

Finance Income 
Finance income interest received on loan 

Total finance income 

Finance Expenses 
Interest expense on lease liabilities 

Total finance expenses 

2021 
£ 

- 

- 

(858) 

(858) 

2020 
£ 

37,850 

37,850 

(911) 

(911) 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

10.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Details of the Group and Company’s property, plant and equipment are as follows: 

Group  

Cost 
At 1 April 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2021 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2020 
Charge in year 
At 31 March 2021 

Net book value as at 31 March 2021 

Cost 
At 1 April 2019 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2020 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2019 
Charge in year 
At 31 March 2020 

Net book value as at 31 March 2020 

Company 

Cost 
At 1 April 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2021 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2020 
Charge in year 
At 31 March 2021 

Net book value as at 31 March 2021 

IT equipment 

£ 

1,014 
5,031 
- 
6,045 

502 
1,154 
1,656 

4,389 

1,014 
- 
- 
1,014 

167 
335 
502 

512 

IT equipment 

£ 

1,014 
2,499 
- 
3,513 

502 
1,117 
1,619 

1,894 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Cost 
At 1 April 2019 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2020 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2019 
Charge in year 
At 31 March 2020 

Net book value as at 31 March 2020 

11. OTHER RECEIVABLES  

Group 
Other receivables 
VAT receivable 
Prepayments  

Company 

Other receivables 
VAT receivable 
Prepayments  

1,014 
- 
- 
1,014 

167 
335 
502 

512 

31 March 2021 
£ 

31 March 2020 
£ 

3,260 
12,896 
15,268 

179,461 
6,536 
5,123 

31,424 

191,120 

31 March 2021 
£ 

31 March 2020 
£ 

- 
12,895 
13,095 

179,125 
6,536 
5,123 

25,990 

190,784 

There are no differences between the carrying amount and fair value of any of the trade and other receivables above.  

12. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Group 

Trade payables 
Accruals  
Chairman’s Bonus accrual 
Other creditors 

31 March 2021 
£ 

31 March 2020 
 £ 

152,874 
172,501 
886,909 
- 

479,970 
32,474 
- 
22,556 

1,212,284 

535,000 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Company 

Trade payables 
Accruals  
Chairman’s Bonus accrual 
Other creditors 

13. CAPITAL AND RESERVES 

Capital Management 

31 March 2021 
£ 

31 March 2020 
 £ 

143,679 
142,080 
886,909 
- 

462,600 
32,474 
- 
21,662 

1,172,668 

516,736 

For the purpose of the Group’s capital management, capital includes called up share capital, share premium, share based 
payments for options, share based payments for warrants and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders 
of the parent as reflected in the statement of financial position. 

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern 
and to maximise shareholder value through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. 

The Group manages its capital to maximise the return to the shareholders through the optimisation of equity. The capital 
structure of the Group at 31 March 2021 consists of equity attributable to equity holders of the Company, comprising 
issued capital, reserves and retained deficit as disclosed. 

The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in light of economic conditions and the strategy 
approved by shareholders. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the dividend payment to 
shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares and release the Company’s share premium account. 
No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes during the year ended 31 March 2021 and 31 March 
2020. 

Share capital and premium 

The Company is authorised to issue an unlimited number of nil par value shares of a single class. The Company may 
issue fractional shares and a fractional share shall have the corresponding fractional rights, obligations and liabilities of 
a  whole  share  of  the  same  class  or  series  of  shares.  Shares  may  be  issued  in  one  or  more  series  of  shares  as  the 
Directors may by resolution determine from time to time. 

Each share in the Company confers upon the shareholder: 
• 
• 
• 

the right to one vote at a meeting of the shareholders or on any resolution of shareholders; 
the right to an equal share in any dividend paid by the Company; and  
the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company on its liquidation. 

The Company may by resolution of the Directors redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire all or any of the shares in the 
Company subject to regulations set out in the Company’s Articles of Incorporation. 

Authorised 

The Company is authorised to issue an unlimited number of nil par value shares of a single class. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Issued ordinary shares of £0.00 each 

At 31 March 2020  

Shares issued - private placement 

Fair value charge for warrants issued in 
conjunction with private placement 

Options exercised 

At 31 March 2021 

Issuance of ordinary shares 

Shares 
Number 

Share 
 capital 
£ 

Share 
premium 
£ 

636,297,049 
════════ 

- 
═══════ 

67,518,700 
════════ 

36,269,253 

- 

                  250,000  

- 

- 

181,346 

(563,267) 

11,250 

672,816,302 
════════ 

- 
═══════ 

67,148,029 
════════ 

In May 2019, 36,363,636 ordinary shares were issued at an issue price of 1.1p per ordinary share by way of a placing of 
ordinary shares to raise finance. 

In March 2020, 75,825,130 ordinary shares were issued at an issue price of 1.1p per ordinary share by way of a further 
placing of ordinary shares to raise finance. 

In June 2020, 36,269,253 ordinary shares were issued at an issue price of 0.005p per ordinary share by way of a placing 
of ordinary shares to raise finance. 
In March 2021, 250,000 ordinary shares were issued in relation to an exercise of options at an issue price of 0. 045p per 
ordinary share. 

Share options reserve 

These reserves comprise the cumulative share-based payment charge on outstanding options in issue as at 31 March 
2021 

Warrant’s reserve 
These reserves comprise the cumulative share-based payment charge on outstanding warrants in issue as at 31 March 
2021.  

Dividends 
The Directors paid no dividend during the year to 31 March 2021 and 31 March 2020. 

14.  INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES   

Company  

Cost 

At 1 April 2020 
Additions 

At 31 March 2021 

Impairment 
At 1 April 2020 
Charge in year 

At 31 March 2021 

Net book value as at 31 March 2021 

Capital 
Contribution 

£ 

128,102 
- 

128,102 

(128,102) 
- 

(128,102) 

- 

56 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Cost 
At 1 April 2019 
Additions 
Transfer pricing recharge 

At 31 March 2020 

Impairment 
Charge in year 

At 31 March 2020 

Net book value as at 31 March 2020 

139,629 
246,352 
(257,879) 

128,102 

(128,102) 

(128,102) 

- 

The capital contribution represents the funding of operations of the subsidiaries by the parent, with the Company acting 
as the Group’s holding company.  The parent has 20 shares in the group’s undertakings. 

During the year, the Company was party to a transfer pricing agreement with its subsidiary whereby all costs incurred by 
the subsidiary were recharged back to the Company who paid a 10% mark up. Any excess in funding is recognised as 
an intercompany receivable in the Company and will be used to cover expenses in future years. 
The Company’s interest in subsidiary undertakings is as follows: 

Name 

Principal activity  Registered 

OKYO Pharma US Inc 

Clinical stage 
biotechnology 
company 

Address 
108 West 13th 
Street, 
Wilmington 
Delaware 
19801 

Percentage 
shareholding 
100% 

Country of 
incorporation 
USA 

OKYO Pharma US Inc was incorporated on 2 July 2018. This entity was set up to house the Company’s US operations. 

During the prior year, the Company undertook an impairment review of its investments in subsidiaries. The Company 
had been funding its subsidiary operations from funds raised by the Company for the development of its project portfolio. 
The  subsidiary’s  activities  had  all  been  to  support  the  Company  in  achieving  its  goals  for  progression  of  the  project 
portfolio. The funding provided to the subsidiaries prior to 2020 had been recognised in the Company as investment in 
its subsidiaries, and the Company did not expect the amounts to be repaid. The IP relating to the project portfolio belongs 
to the Company and hence any future benefits will also belong to the Company. It is highly unlikely that these benefits 
would be distributed to the subsidiaries. The Company therefore determined in the prior year that the investment should 
be impaired. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

15.  SHARE OPTIONS AND WARRANTS 

Group and Company  

Options 

The Company operates share-based payment arrangements to remunerate Directors and key employees in the form of 
a share option scheme. It also issues options in lieu of fees to key suppliers and collaborators. The exercise price of the 
option is normally equal to the market price of an ordinary share in the Company at the date of grant.  

2021 

Options  

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

2020 

Options  

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at 1 April 

Granted 
Forfeited 
Exercised 

19,500,000 

42,250,000 
(750,000) 
(250,000) 

Outstanding at 31 March 

60,750,000 

Exercisable at 31 March 

9,250,000 

4.5 

5.3 
(4.5) 
(4.5) 

5.0 

4.5 

23,000,000 

- 
(3,500,000) 
- 

19,500,000 

4,875,000 

4.5 

- 
(4.5) 
- 

4.5 

4.5 

During the year ending 31 March 2021, 250,000 options were exercised. No options were exercised in the year to 31 
March 2020.  

The total outstanding fair value charge of the share option instruments is deemed to be approximately £1,963,721 (2020: 
£399,460). A share based payment charge for the year of £399,460 (2020: £29,489) has been expensed in the statement 
of comprehensive income. 

The weighted average contractual life of options outstanding at March 31, 2021 is 8.07 years. (2020: 5.27 years). 

Share options outstanding at the end of the year have the following expiry dates and exercise prices: 

Grant Date 

Expiry Date 

Exercise Price 

6 July 2018 
20 August 2020 
6 January 2021 
12 January 2021 
Total 

Fair value of options granted 

6 July 2025 
19 August 2028 
5 January 2031 
11 January 2031 

4.5p 
15.5p 
5p 
7.9p 

  Share Options as at 
31 March 2021 
(‘000) 
18,500 
750 
40,000 
1,500 
60,750 

The Directors have used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of most of the options applying 
the assumptions below. 

Historical volatility relies  in part on the historical volatility of a group  of peer companies that management believes is 
generally comparable to the Company. 

The Company has not paid any dividends on share capital since its inception and does not anticipate paying dividends 
on its share capital in the foreseeable future. 

The Company has estimated a forfeiture rate of zero. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

The model inputs for options granted during the year ended 31 March 2021 valued under the Black Scholes Valuation 
model included: 

20 August 
2020 

6 January 
2021 

12 January 
2021 

15.5p 
15.5p 
25% each 
year  

0.8p 
0.5p 
25% each 
year  

0.79p 
0.79p 
33% in 6 
months and 
67% in 1 
year 

0.15% 
77.4% 
5 years 

-0.01% 
77.5% 
5 years 

0.4%, 0.6% 
66.7%, 83.7% 
6 months to 1 
year 

Grant date share price 
Exercise share price  
Vesting periods 

Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Expected option life 

Warrants 

As part of the acquisition of the Chemerin project, the underlying scientific founders of the Chemerin Project (inukshuk 
Holdings),  who  will  continue  to  be  involved  in  the  development  of  the  Project,  received  35,000,000  warrants  as 
consideration. The warrants are exercisable at a price of 4.5 pence each and are split into four distinct tranches and each 
tranche becomes exercisable upon satisfaction of a specific developmental milestone. The warrants are exercisable until 
17 July 2023. 

In May 2019, warrants were granted over 36,363,636 shares at an exercise price of 1.35p per share in connection with 
a private placement. The warrants are exercisable until 19 May 2024.  

In March 2020, warrants were granted over 40,000,000 shares at an exercise price of 0.55p per share in connection with 
a private placement. The warrants are exercisable until 23 March 2025.  

In March 2020, warrants were granted over 35,825,130 shares at an exercise price of 0.55p per share in connection with 
a private placement. The warrants are exercisable until 28 May 2025.  

In April 2020, warrants were granted over 36,174,870 shares at an exercise price of 0.55p per share in connection with 
a private placement. The warrants are exercisable until 28 May 2025.  

In May 2020, warrants were granted over 909,090 shares at an exercise price of 2.75p per share in in lieu of professional 
fees. The warrants are exercisable until 21 May 2023.  

In July 2020, warrants were granted over 750,000 shares at an exercise price of 14p per share in in lieu of broker fees. 
The warrants are exercisable until 20 July 2022. 

2021 

Warrants 

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

2020 

Warrants 

Weighted 
Average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at 1 April 

147,188,766 

Granted 
Forfeited 
Cancelled 

37,833,960 
- 
- 

Outstanding at 31 March 

185,022,726 

Exercisable at 31 March 

149,568,181 

1.5 

0.9 
- 
- 

1.5 

0.8 

35,000,000 

112,188,766 
- 
- 

147,188,766 

- 

4.5 

0.8 
- 
- 

1.5 

- 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

The Directors have estimated the fair value of the warrants in services provided using the Black-Scholes valuation model 
based on the assumptions below.  

 July 2020 

 May 2020  

April 2020 

Grant date share price 
Exercise share price  
Vesting periods 

8.3p 
14p 

2.8p 
2.8p 
Fully vested  50% of these warrants shall only vest if the 5-day 

1.8p 
0.5p 
Fully vested 

VWAP of the Company exceeds a 100% premium            
to the Exercise Price, and the remainder shall only 
vest if the 5-day VWAP of the Company exceeds a 
200% premium to the Exercise Price 

Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Option life 

0.68% 
88.1% 
2 years 

0.95% 
79.6% 
3 years 

0.22% 
82.4% 
5 years 

The remaining fair value of the warrant instruments is deemed to be approximately £78,884 (2020: £95,709). For the 
consideration warrants, the charge has been expensed over the vesting period. For all other warrants, the charge has 
been expensed over the service period. A share-based payment charge for the year of £62,344 (2020:  £33,698) has 
been expensed in the statement of comprehensive income. 

16.  CONVERTIBLE INSTRUMENTS CLASSIFIED AS EQUITY  

In May 2020, the Company decided to raise convertible equity finance from supportive existing shareholders. £440,000 
was raised from the issuance of Convertible Loan Notes. The four year Loan Notes carry a coupon of 20% per annum 
and  are  convertible  (together  with  all  accrued  interest)  into  ordinary  shares  of  nil  par  value  each  in  the  capital  of  the 
Company at a conversion price of 0.4p, they are not convertible into cash. The Loan Notes are convertible at the election 
of the noteholder until the maturity date of the Notes, at which point they will convert automatically, or at the election of 
the  noteholder  on  completion  of  the  next  non-qualifying  equity  financing  or  on  the  making  of  a  takeover  offer  for  the 
Company (as defined in the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers), and such election may be made on an immediate 
basis or conditional on any such takeover offer being declared, or becoming, unconditional.  

The May Convertible Loan Notes also have attached an obligation to receive warrants on a one for one basis when the 
notes convert. 

£26,400 of commission was due on these notes has been satisfied by the issuance of an identical convertible instrument. 
Between July 2020 and September 2020, a further £5,437,104 was raised from the issuance of Convertible Loan Notes. 
These three-year Loan Notes are short term instruments and carry a coupon of 2.15% per annum and are convertible 
(together with all accrued interest) into ordinary shares of nil par value each in the capital of the Company at a conversion 
price of 8.5p, they are not convertible into cash. All conversion conditions are the same as the notes above. £407,783 of 
commission was due on these notes has been satisfied by the issuance of identical convertible instruments. 

The principal amount of the Convertible Equity Instrument that was recorded as in the convertible loan note reserve is 
as follows: 

Par value of: 
Convertible loan notes issued for cash  
Convertible loan notes issued in lieu of commission 

Accrued interest 

Total convertible loan note reserve 

2021 

5,877,104 
434,183 
6,311,287 

163,545 

6,474,832 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

17.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are liquidity risk, interest rate and credit risk. The Directors 
regularly review and agree policies for managing each of these risks which are summarised below. 

Liquidity risk 

The Group’s policy is to regularly monitor current and expected liquidity requirements to ensure that it maintains sufficient 
reserves of cash to meet its liquidity requirements in the short and long term. The Group ordinarily finances its activities 
through cash generated from by private and public offerings of equity and debt securities. 

The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Group and Company’s financial liabilities based on contractual 
undiscounted payments: 

Group 

£ 

Less than 3 months  3 to 12 months 

Total 

2021 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payables 

79,830 
- 
79,830 

73,044 
- 
73,044 

152,874 
- 
152,874 

Group 

£ 

Less than 3 months  3 to 12 months 

Total 

2020 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payables 

114,257 
4,670 
118,927 

388,249 
30,728 
418,977 

502,506 
35,398 
537,904 

Company 

£ 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payables 

Company 

£ 

Trade and other payables 
Related party payables 

Credit risk 

Less than 3 months 

72,464 
- 
72,464 

2021 

3 to 12 
months 
71,215 
- 
71,215 

2020 

Total 

143,679 
- 
143,679 

Less than 3 months  3 to 12 months 

Total 

98,232 
4,670 
102,902 

386,030 
30,728 
416,758 

484,262 
35,398 
519,660 

Credit risk is managed on a Group basis. Credit risk arises principally from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with 
banks and financial institutions.as well as outstanding receivables. The Group reviews its banking arrangements carefully 
to minimise such risks and currently has no customers and therefore this risk is viewed as minimal. Management monitor 
loans between members of the Group as part of their internal reporting and assess outstanding receivables for ability to 
be repaid. The maximum exposure to credit risk equates to the carrying value on the statement of financial position. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Interest rate risk 

The Group has limited exposure to interest-rate risk arising from its bank deposits. These deposit accounts are held at 
variable interest rates based on Allied Irish Bank base rate.  

The Directors  do not consider the impact of possible interest rate changes based on current market  conditions to be 
material to the net result for the year or the equity position at the year-end for either the year ended 31 March 2021 or 
31 March 2020. 

18.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

All related party transactions occurred on an arm’s length basis and in the normal course of operations. 

West African Minerals Limited (“WAML”) 

WAML is a related party of the Company as it shares a common director, Willy Simon. In 2018, the Company disposed 
of it Cameroon operations by way of an in specie distribution of all of its shares in Ferrum Resources Limited (renamed 
West African Minerals Limited) to shareholders. As part of this transaction, the Group had agreed to a deed of release 
with WAML whereby it agreed to write off $17,056,070 of loans in exchange for shares in WAML to be distributed as part 
of  the  in-specie  distribution.  A  remaining  amount  of  $3,400,000  was  outstanding  from  WAML,  however,  after  careful 
consideration of the operations of WAML and its subsidiaries, the Company decided to impair this receivable down to 
£nil in 2018 as it does not expect to recover any of this outstanding debt. In addition to the $3,400,000 outstanding was 
a working capital loan advance of $600,000 which has been impaired as the Group does not expect to recover any of 
this outstanding debt. 

During  the  year  ended  March  31,  2021,  the  Group  had  funded  £8,539  (2020:  £104,342)  towards  this  $600,000  loan 
facility and as at the year-end no further amounts were payable under this facility.  The amounts funded in the year have 
been immediately written off as the Group has no reasonable expectation of recovering the contractual cash flows of the 
loan in its entirety. 

Tiziana Life Sciences PLC 

Tiziana Life Sciences PLC is a related party as it shares common Directors and officers. The Company share premises 
and other resources with Tiziana Life Sciences PLC and there is a shared services agreement in place between Company 
and Tiziana Life Sciences PLC. As at 31st March 2021, the Company had incurred £66,167 (2020: £92,622) worth of 
costs in relation to this agreement and at 31st March 2021 £20,044 was receivable from Tiziana Life Sciences PLC.  At 
31st March 2020, £35,398 was due to Tiziana Life Sciences PLC. 

The Company had also extended a short-term loan facility of £400k to Tiziana Life Sciences PLC in 2018 with interest 
payable of 20% per annum. This loan was fully repaid during the year and no amounts were owing as at 31st March 2021, 
£17,092 was due as of March 31, 2020. 

Panetta Partners Limited 

Panetta Partners Limited is a related party as it is a shareholder of the Company and also a vendor. The Company has 
entered  into  a  Deed  of  Assignment  with  Panetta  Partners  whereby  the  Company  has  the  licence  and  sub-licence  of 
certain research and development assets in relation to the Chemerin product, assigned to it. 

19.  BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE 

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to equity holders of the Group by the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

2021 

2020 

(Loss) attributable to equity holders of the Group (£) 

(2,997,628) 

(1,214,384) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue  

672,767,629 

595,474,039 

Basic loss per share (pence per share) 

(0.00) 

(0.00) 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

As  the  Group  is  reporting  a  loss  from  continuing  operations  for  the  year  then,  in  accordance  with  IAS  33,  the  share 
options are not considered dilutive because the exercise of the share options would have an anti-dilutive effect. The basic 
and  diluted  earnings  per  share  as  presented  on  the  face  of  the  Comprehensive  statement  of  income  are  therefore 
identical.  All earnings per share figures presented above arise from continuing and total operations and therefore no 
earnings per share for discontinued operations are presented. 

20.  LEASES 

In December 2020, the group terminated from its lease early resulting in the right of use asset of £19,613 and lease 
liability of £20,205 being written off to the profit and loss. 

A new lease was subsequently entered into in January 2021. The initial recognition resulted in a right of use asset and a 
lease liability of £75,627 respectively. 

Right-of-use assets 

31 March 2021 

At 1 April 2020 
Depreciation of early terminated lease 

Early Termination write off 

Additions 
Depreciation of new lease 

Lease Liabilities 

At 1 April 2020 
Interest expense 

Lease payments 
Early Termination write off 

Additions 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 

£  
£24,278 
(4,665) 

(19,613) 

75,627 
(4,202) 

71,425 

31 March 2021 
£  
25,560 
566 

(5,921) 
(20,205) 

75,627 
292 
(4,362) 

71,557 

Lease liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position as follows: 

Current 
Non-current 

31 March 
2021 
£  
24,742 
46,815 

31 March 
2020 
£  
4,106 
21,454 

71,557 

25,560 

The lease liabilities are secured by the related underlying assets. Future minimum lease payments as at 31 March 2021 
were as follows: 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OKYO Pharma Limited  
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 31 March 2021 

Within 1 year 

1-2 years 

2-5 years 

Over 5 years 

Total 

Minimum lease payment due 

31 March 2020 
Lease payments 
Finance charges 
Net present values 

26,084 
(1,342) 
24,742 

26,084 
(785) 
25,298 

21,737 
(220) 
21,516 

- 
- 
- 

73,904 
(2,529) 
71,556 

The total net cash outflow for leases in the year to 31 March 2021 was £10,283 (2020: £4,347). 

21.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

The Group’s main financial commitments relate to the contractual payments in respect of its licensing agreements.  Due 
to the uncertain nature of scientific research and development and the length of time required to reach commercialisation 
of  the  products  of  this  research  and  development,  pre-clinical,  clinical  and  commercial  milestone  obligations  are  not 
detailed  until  there  is  a  reasonable  certainty  that  the  obligation  will  become  payable.    Contractual  commitments  are 
detailed where amounts are known and certain. 

•  BAM8 – The Group are committed to paying an annual license maintenance fee until the first commercial sale. 

The annual license maintenance fee is $15,000 until May 2021, and $10,000 thereafter. 

•  OK-101 – The Group has retained the services of of Ora, Inc., a world-class ophthalmology contract research 
organization  ("CRO")  to  work  with  Group  towards  an  IND  submission  for  OK-101.  As  yet,there  are  no  firm 
financial commitments for this contract. 

The Group also has a commitment to issue warrants on a one-to-one basis when Convertible Loan Notes issued in 
May 2020 are converted. The warrants have the same exercise price as the Convertible Loan Note. Some notes were 
converted post year end and the associated warrants were issued (see note 22). 

22.  POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 

On 7 May 2021, the Company announced that 297,869,806 additional Ordinary Shares had been admitted to trading on 
the main market for listed securities of London Stock Exchange plc as the result of the conversion of certain loan notes 
and exercise of certain warrants as detailed in the prospectus of the Company published on 5 May 2021. 

On  17  June  2021,  the  Group  announced  that  Dr  Kunwar  Shailubhai  had  decided  to  stand  down  as  a  director  of  the 
Company with immediate effect to focus on his other executive appointments. 

 On 29 June 2021, the Group announced it had retained the services of Ora, Inc., a world-class ophthalmology contract 
research organization ("CRO"), to guide the company's upcoming product development and lead the regulatory strategy 
of OK-101 for the treatment of dry eye.  

64