UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018
or
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________________________ to __________________________
Commission file number 000-54329
ORGENESIS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada
State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization
98-0583166
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
20271 Goldenrod Lane, Germantown, MD 20876
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (480) 659-6404
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [ X]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has
been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to submit such files). Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.[ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company,”
and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [ ]
Non-accelerated filer [ ]
Emerging growth company [ ]
Accelerated filer [X]
Smaller reporting company [X]
If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
The registrant had 15,620,971 shares of common stock outstanding as of February 13, 2019. The aggregate market value of the common
stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of May 31, 2018 was $92,456,008, as computed by reference to the closing price of such
common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market on such date.
ORGENESIS INC.
2018 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTSs
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
PART III
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
PART IV
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
SIGNATURES
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR PURPOSES OF THE "SAFE HARBOR" PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES
LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain statements made in this discussion are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of 27A of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These
statements are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well as estimates and
assumptions made by the Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used herein, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,”
“forecast,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue” or the
negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking
statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties,
assumptions, and other factors, including the risks relating to the Company’s business, industry, and the Company’s operations and results
of operations. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual
results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company
cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the
securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these
statements to actual results.
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).
These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments
and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and
assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date
of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our financial statements
would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. The following discussion should
be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “our Company” or
“Orgenesis” refer to Orgenesis Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its majority-owned subsidiary, Masthercell Global Inc., a Delaware
corporation (“Masthercell Global”), and Orgenesis SPRL, a Belgian-based entity which is engaged in development and manufacturing
activities, together with clinical development studies in Europe (the “Belgian Subsidiary”), and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Orgenesis
Ltd., an Israeli corporation (the “Israeli Subsidiary”), Orgenesis Maryland Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Maryland Subsidiary”), and
Cell Therapy Holdings S.A. Masthercell Global’s wholly-owned subsidiaries include MaSTherCell S.A (“MaSTherCell”), a Belgian-based
subsidiary and a Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) specialized in cell therapy development and
manufacturing for advanced medicinal products, Masthercell U.S., LLC, a U.S.-based CDMO, Atvio Biotech Ltd. (“Atvio”), an Israeli-
based CDMO, and CureCell Co. Ltd. (“CureCell”), a Korea-based CDMO.
Forward-looking statements made in this annual report on Form 10-K include statements about:
Corporate
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our ability to achieve profitability;
our ability to increase revenues and raise sufficient capital or strategic business arrangements to expand our CDMO global network;
our ability to grow the size and capabilities of our organization through further collaboration and strategic alliances;
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our ability to manage the growth of our CDMO business;
our ability to attract and retain key scientific or management personnel and to expand our management team;
the accuracy of estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, profitability, and needs for additional financing;
our belief that our therapeutic related developments have competitive advantages such as our cell trans-differentiation technology
being developed by our Israeli Subsidiary and being able to compete favorably and profitably in the cell and gene therapy industry;
CDMO Business
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our ability to grow the business of Masthercell Global (including each of its subsidiaries, MaSTherCell, Atvio and CureCell, which
we consolidated into Masthercell Global in 2018);
our ability to attract and retain customers;
our ability to expand and maintain our CDMO business through strategic alliances, joint ventures and internal growth;
our ability to fund the operational and capital requirements of the global expansion of Masthercell Global and our CDMO business;
our expectations regarding Masthercell Global’s expenses and revenue, including our expectations that our research and
development expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses may increase in absolute dollars;
the successful integration of our clinical and CDMO strategy through Masthercell Global and its subsidiaries;
our ability to contract (through Masthercell Global and its subsidiaries) with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their
ability to perform adequately;
extensive industry regulation, and how that will continue to have a significant impact on our business, especially our product
development, manufacturing and distribution capabilities;
the ability of Masthercell Global to receive future payments pursuant to that certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 28, 2018
by and between the Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II Masthercell, LLC (“GPP-II”);
our and our shareholders’ ability to receive value on par with GPP-II upon its forced sale of Masthercell Global;
our ability to control, direct the activities of or hold any shares in Masthercell Global if GPP-II were to assume control of the Board
of Directors of Masthercell Global or if it were to purchase our shares in Masthercell Global;
our ability to receive benefits or value from Masthercell Global in the event of a spin-off effectuated by GPP-II; and
the significant potential dilution to our existing shareholders due to GPP-II’s option to exchange its Masthercell Global Preferred
Stock for shares of our common stock.
PT Business
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our ability to adequately fund and scale our various collaboration, license, partnership and joint venture agreements for the
development of therapeutic products and technologies;
our ability to develop, through our Israeli Subsidiary and Belgian Subsidiary, to the clinical stage a new technology to
transdifferentiate liver cells into functional insulin-producing cells, thus enabling normal glucose regulated insulin secretion, via
cell therapy;
our ability to advance our therapeutic collaborations in terms of industrial development, clinical development, regulatory challenges,
commercial partners and manufacturing availability;
our ability to implement our point-of-care (“POCare”) cell therapy (“PT”) strategy in order to further develop and advance
autologous therapies to reach patients;
expectations regarding the ability of our Maryland Subsidiary, Israeli Subsidiary and Belgian Subsidiary to obtain additional and
maintain existing intellectual property protection for our technologies and therapies;
our ability to commercialize products in light of the intellectual property rights of others;
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our ability to obtain funding necessary to start and complete such clinical trials;
our belief that Diabetes Mellitus will be one of the most challenging health problems in the 21st century and will have staggering
health, societal and economic impact;
our belief that our diabetes-related treatment seems to be safer than other options;
our relationship with Tel Hashomer Medical Research Infrastructure and Services Ltd. (“THM”) and the risk that THM may cancel
the License Agreement; and
expenditures not resulting in commercially successful products.
These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks in
the section entitled “Risk Factors” set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2018, any of which may
cause our Company’s or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any
future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks may
cause the Company’s or its industry’s actual results, levels of activity or performance to be materially different from any future results,
levels of activity or performance expressed or implied by these forward looking statements.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future
results, levels of activity or performance. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and
completeness of these forward-looking statements. The Company is under no duty to update any forward-looking statements after the date
of this report to conform these statements to actual results.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Business Overview
We are a biotechnology company specializing in the development, manufacturing and provision of technologies and services in
the cell and gene therapy industry. We operate through two platforms: (i) a point-of-care (“POCare”) cell therapy platform (“PT”) and (ii) a
Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) platform conducted through our subsidiary, Masthercell Global.
Through our PT business, our aim is to further the development of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (“ATMPs”) through
collaborations and in-licensing with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage biopharmaceutical companies and research and healthcare institutes
to bring such ATMPs to patients. We out-license these ATMPs through regional partners to whom we also provide regulatory, pre-clinical
and training services to support their activity in order to reach patients in a point-of-care hospital setting. Through our CDMO platform, we
are focused on providing contract manufacturing and development services for biopharmaceutical companies.
Activities in our PT business include a multitude of cell therapies, including autoimmune, oncologic, neurologic and metabolic
diseases and other indications. We provide services for our joint venture (“JV”) partners, pharmaceutical and biotech companies as well as
research institutions and hospitals that have cell therapies in clinical development. Each of these customers and collaborations represents a
revenue and growth opportunity upon regulatory approval. Furthermore, our trans-differentiation technology demonstrates the capacity to
induce a shift in the developmental fate of cells from the liver or other tissues and transdifferentiating them into “pancreatic beta cell-like”
Autologous Insulin Producing (“AIP”) cells for patients with Type 1 Diabetes, acute pancreatitis and other insulin deficient diseases. This
technology, which has yet to be proven in human clinical trials, has shown in pre-clinical animal models that the human derived AIP cells
produce insulin in a glucose-sensitive manner. This trans-differentiation technology is licensed by our Israeli Subsidiary and is based on the
work of Prof. Sarah Ferber, our Chief Scientific Officer and a researcher at Tel Hashomer Medical Research Infrastructure and Services
Ltd. (“THM”) in Israel. Our development plan calls for conducting additional pre-clinical safety and efficacy studies with respect to
diabetes and other potential indications prior to initiating human clinical trials. With respect to this trans-differentiation technology, we own
or have exclusive rights to ten (10) United States and nineteen (19) foreign issued patents, nine (9) pending applications in the United
States, thirty-two (32) pending applications in foreign jurisdictions, including Europe, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Eurasia, Israel,
Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and Singapore, and four (4) international Patent Cooperation Treaty (“PCT”) patent applications. These
patents and applications relate, among others, to (1) the trans-differentiation of cells (including hepatic cells) to cells having pancreatic β-
cell-like phenotype and function and to their use in the treatment of degenerative pancreatic disorders, including diabetes, pancreatic cancer
and pancreatitis, and (2) scaffolds, including alginate and sulfated alginate scaffolds, polysaccharides thereof, and scaffolds for use for cell
propagation, transdifferentiation, and transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including diabetes.
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Our CDMO platform operates through Masthercell Global, which currently consists of the following subsidiaries: MaSTherCell in
Belgium, Atvio in Israel and CureCell in South Korea and Masthercell U.S., LLC in the United States, each having unique know-how and
expertise for manufacturing in a multitude of cell types. As part of our United States (“U.S.”) activity, we intend to also set up a CDMO
facility in the United States. We believe that, in-order to provide the optimal service to our customers, we need to have a global presence.
We target the international market as a key priority through our network of facilities that provide development, manufacturing and logistics
services, utilizing our advanced quality management system and experienced staff. All of these capabilities offered to third-parties are
utilized for our internal development projects, with the goal of allowing us to be able to bring new products to patients faster and in a more
cost-effective way. Masthercell Global strives to provide services that are all compliant with Good Manufacturing Practice, or GMP,
requirements, ensuring identity, purity, stability, potency and robustness of cell therapy products for clinical phase I, II, III and through
commercialization.
We operate our CDMO and the PT platforms as two separate business segments.
Overview for Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs)
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (“ATMP”) means any of the following medicinal products for human use:
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a somatic cell therapy medicinal product (“STMP”);
a tissue engineered product (“TEP”);
a gene therapy medicinal product (“GTMP”); or
a combined ATMP.
An STMP contains cells or tissues that have been manipulated to change their biological characteristics or cells or tissues not
intended to be used for the same essential functions in the body. A TEP contains cells or tissues that have been modified so they can be
used to repair, regenerate or replace human tissue. A GTMP contains genes that lead to a therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic effect and
work by inserting “recombinant” genes into the body, usually to treat a variety of diseases, including genetic disorders, cancer or long-term
diseases. A recombinant gene is a stretch of DNA that is created in the laboratory, bringing together DNA from different sources.
Combined ATMPs contain one or more medical devices as an integral part of the medicine, such as cells embedded in a biodegradable
matrix or scaffold. Although STMPs and GTMPs currently dominate the market, in order to access the market potential and trends in the
future, other cell products are likely to be essential in all these categories.
Furthermore, we believe that autologous therapies will be a substantial segment of the ATMP market. Autologous therapies are
produced from a patients’ own cells, instead of mass-cultivated donor-cells, or allogeneic cells. Allogeneic therapies are derived from donor
cells and, through the construction of master and working cell banks, are produced on a large scale. Autologous therapies are derived from
the treated patient and manufactured through a defined protocol before re-administration and generally demand a more complex supply
chain. Currently with the ATMP network relying heavily on production and supply chain of manufacturing sites, we believe our POCare
model may help overcome some of the development and supply challenges with bringing these therapies to patients.
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CDMO Business
Companies developing cell therapies need to make a decision early on in their approach to the transition from the lab to the clinic
regarding the process development and manufacturing of the cells necessary for their respective therapeutic treatments. Of the companies
active in this market, only a small number have developed their own GMP manufacturing facilities due to the high costs and expertise
required to develop these processes. In addition to the limitations imposed by a limited number of trained personnel and high
infrastructure/operational costs, the industry faces a need for custom innovative process development and manufacturing solutions. Due to
the complexity and diversity of the industry, such solutions are often customized to the particular needs of a company and, accordingly, a
multidisciplinary team of engineers, cell therapy experts, cGMP and regulatory experts is required. Such a unique group of experts can
exist only in an organization that both specializes in developing characterization assays and solutions and manufactures cell therapies.
Companies can establish their own process and GMP manufacturing facility or engage a contract manufacturing organization for
each step. A CDMO is an entity that serves other companies in the pharmaceutical industry on a contract basis to provide comprehensive
services from cell therapy development through cell therapy manufacturing for and end-to-end solution. Due to the complexity, global
outreach needs, redundancy and operational costs of manufacturing biologics and cell therapies, the CDMO business is expanding. With
more than 861 companies in the field of cell therapy worldwide (versus 580 in 2015) and 959 clinical trials underway by the end of the first
quarter of 2018 (versus 486 in first quarter of 2015), we believe that the industry shows a rapid growth rate accompanied by a lack of
sufficient GMP manufacturing capacities (Source: Informa, 2015 and 2018). Over recent years, advances in the field of cell therapy,
including the growth of autologous CAR T-cell therapies, led to a significant increase in investment in the industry. T-cells, the backbone
of CAR T-cell therapy, are often called the workhorses of the immune system because of their critical role in orchestrating the immune
response and killing cells infected by pathogens. The therapy requires drawing blood from patients and separating out the T-cells. Next,
using a disarmed virus, the T-cells are genetically engineered to produce receptors on their surface called Chimeric Antigen Receptors, or
CARs. The genetically modified T-cells that are re-injected into the patient are then much more effective at targeting and killing tumors.
Two landmark U.S. Food Drug Administration (the “FDA”) approvals in CAR T-cell therapy significantly impacted the cell
therapy industry. In August 2017, Novartis’s CAR T-cell therapy, Kymriah, was approved for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic
leukemia for pediatric and young adult patients, making it the first cell-base immunotherapy to move across the finish line in the United
States. Kymriah received a second FDA approval to treat appropriate relapsed/refractory patients with large B-cell lymphoma in May 2018.
Europe has also followed this path as, in August 2018, the European Commission approved Kymriah based on the first global CAR-T
registration trials, which included patients from eight European countries and demonstrated durable responses and a consistent safety
profile in relapsed/refractory pediatric B-cell ALL and r/r DLBCL. Furthermore, after Gilead's acquisition of Kite Pharma, Inc. for $12
billion in 2017, Kite Pharma’s CAR T-cell therapy, Yescarta, was approved for adult patients with relapsed/refractory large B cell
lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy (Source: Alliance for Regenerative Medicine). We believe that these approvals are
indicative of the future potential of many more cellular therapies that address a wide range of diseases. Celgene Corporation (“Celgene”)
acquired Juno Therapeutics, Inc., another pioneer in the CAR-T space, in January 2018 for approximately $9 billion. Then, Bristol-Myers
Squibb Company, in their pursuit of this new space of cancer treatments, acquired Celgene in January 2019 for approximately $74 billion.
The complexity of manufacturing individual cell therapy treatments poses a fundamental challenge for cell therapy-based
companies as they enter the field. This complexity potentially casts a spotlight on improved cGMP, large-scale manufacturing processes,
such as the services provided by Masthercell Global. Manufacturing and delivery can be more complex in cell therapy products than for a
typical drug. In the U.S., only a few dozen specialized hospitals are currently qualified to provide CAR T treatments, which require
retrieving, processing and then returning immune cells to the patient, all done under strict cGMP, as well as monitoring and treating side
effects. These factors provide real incentives for cell therapy companies to seek third-party partners, or contract manufacturers, who
possess technical, manufacturing, and regulatory expertise in cell therapy development and manufacturing such as cell therapy CDMOs like
MaSTherCell. Additionally, establishing a manufacturing facility for cell therapy requires specific expertise and significant capital which
can delay the clinical trials by at least 2 years. As companies are looking to expedite their market approval, utilization of a CDMO can
result in faster time to market and overall lower expenditure.
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Integration of development and manufacturing and logistics services through Masthercell Global (and its subsidiaries) provide the
basis for generating a recurring revenue stream, as well as carefully managing our fixed cost structure to maximize optionality and drive
down production cost. We believe that Masthercell Global is also beneficial for our own manufacturing needs and provides us, and our
customers, with enhanced control of material supply for both clinical trials and the commercial market.
Consolidation of CDMO Entities and Strategic Funding
On June 28, 2018, the Company, Masthercell Global, Great Point Partners, LLC, a manager of private equity funds focused on
growing small to medium sized heath care companies (“Great Point”), and certain of Great Point’s affiliates, entered into a series of
definitive strategic agreements intended to finance, strengthen and expand Orgenesis’ CDMO business. In connection therewith, the
Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II Masthercell, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“GPP-II”) and an affiliate of Great
Point, entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) pursuant to which GPP-II purchased 378,000 shares of newly designated
Series A Preferred Stock of Masthercell Global (the “Masthercell Global Preferred Stock”), representing 37.8% of the issued and
outstanding share capital of Masthercell Global, for cash consideration to be paid into Masthercell Global of up to $25 million, subject to
certain adjustments (the “Consideration”). Orgenesis holds 622,000 shares of Masthercell Global’s Common Stock, representing 62.2% of
the issued and outstanding equity share capital of Masthercell Global. An initial cash payment of $11.8 million of the Consideration was
remitted at closing by GPP-II, with a follow up payment of $6,600,000 to be made in each of years 2018 and 2019 (the “Future Payments”),
or an aggregate of $13.2 million, if (a) Masthercell Global achieves specified EBITDA and revenues targets during each of these years, and
(b) the Orgenesis’ shareholders approve certain provisions of the Stockholders’ Agreement referred to below on or before December 31,
2019. None of the future Consideration amounts, if any, will result in an increase in GPP-II’s equity holdings in Masthercell Global beyond
the 378,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued to GPP-II at closing. The proceeds of the investment will be used to fund the
activities of Masthercell Global and its consolidated subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the foregoing, GPP-II may, in its sole discretion, elect to
pay all or a portion of the future Consideration amounts even if the financial targets described above have not been achieved and the
Orgenesis Stockholder Approval has not been obtained. In satisfaction of the two conditions described above, Masthercell Global achieved
the specified EBITDA and revenues targets in 2018 as described in the SPA and obtained the approval from its requisite shareholders on
October 23, 2018. As such, Masthercell Global received the First Future Payment of $6,600,000 on January 16, 2019.
In connection with the entry into the SPA, and pursuant to the terms hereof, described above, each of the Company, Masthercell
Global and GPP-II entered into the Masthercell Global Inc. Stockholders’ Agreement (the “Stockholders’ Agreement”) providing for
certain restrictions on the disposition of Masthercell Global securities, the provisions of certain options and rights with respect to the
management and operations of Masthercell Global, certain favorable, preferential rights to GPP-II (including, without limitation, a tag
right, drag right and certain protective provisions), a right to exchange the Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for shares of Orgenesis
common stock and certain other rights and obligations. In addition, after the earlier of the second anniversary of the closing or certain
enumerated circumstances, GPP-II is entitled to effectuate a spinoff of Masthercell Global and the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries (the
“Spinoff”). The Spinoff is required to reflect a market value determined by one of the top ten independent accounting firms in the U.S.
selected by GPP, provided that under certain conditions, such market valuation shall reflect a valuation of Masthercell Global and the
Masthercell Global Subsidiaries of at least $50 million. In addition, upon certain enumerated events as described below, GPP-II is entitled,
at its option, to put to the Company (or, at Company’s discretion, to Masthercell Global if Masthercell Global shall then have the funds
available to consummate the transaction) its shares in Masthercell Global or, alternatively, purchase from the Company its share capital in
Masthercell Global at a purchase price equal to the fair market value of such equity holdings as determined by one of the top ten
independent accounting firms in the U.S. selected by GPP-II, provided that the purchase price shall not be greater than three times the price
per share of Masthercell Global Preferred Stock paid by GPP-II and shall not be less than the price per share of Masthercell Global
Preferred Stock paid by GPP-II. GPP-II may exercise its put or call option upon the occurrence of any of the following: (i) there is an
Activist Shareholder of the Company; (ii) the Chief Executive Officer and/or Chairman of the board of directors of the Company resigns or
is replaced, removed, or terminated for any reason prior to June 28, 2023; (iii) there is a Change of Control event of the Company; or (iv)
the industry expert director appointed to the board of directors of Masthercell Global is removed or replaced (or a new such director is
appointed) without the prior written consent of GPP-II. For the purposes of the foregoing, the following definitions shall apply: (A)
“Activist Shareholder” shall mean any Person who acquires shares of capital stock of the Company who either: (x) acquires more than a
majority of the voting power of the Company, (y) actively takes over and controls a majority of the board of directors of the Company, or
(z) is required to file a Schedule 13D with respect to such Person’s ownership of the Company and has described a plan, proposal or intent
to take action with respect to exerting significant pressure on the management of or directors of, the Company; and (B) “Change of
Control” shall mean any of: (a) the acquisition, directly or indirectly (in a single transaction or a series of related transactions) by a Person
or group of Persons of either (I) a majority of the common stock of the Company (whether by merger, consolidation, stock purchase, tender
offer, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise), or (II) all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries (but only
if such transaction includes the transfer of Securities held by the Company), (b) if any four (4) of the directors of the Company as of June
28, 2018 are removed or replaced or for any other reason cease to serve as directors of the Company, (c) the filing of a petition in
bankruptcy or the commencement of any proceedings under bankruptcy laws by or against the Company, provided that such filing or
commencement shall be deemed a Change of Control immediately if filed or commenced by the Company or after sixty (60) days if such
filing is initiated by a creditor of the Company and is not dismissed; (d) insolvency of the Company that is not cured by the Company
within thirty (30) days; (e) the appointment of a receiver for the Company, provided that such appointment shall constitute an Change of
Control immediately if the appointment was consented to by the Company or after sixty (60) days if not consented to by the Company and
such appointment is not terminated; or (f) or dissolution of the Company.
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The Stockholders’ Agreement further provides that GPP-II is entitled, at any time, to convert its share capital in Masthercell
Global for the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to the lesser of (a)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s shares of Masthercell
Global Preferred Stock to be exchanged, as determined by one of the top ten independent accounting firms in the U.S. selected by GPP-II
and the Company, divided by (ii) the average closing price per share of Orgenesis Common Stock during the thirty (30) day period ending
on the date that GPP-II provides the exchange notice (the “Exchange Price”) and (b)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s shares of
Masthercell Global Preferred Stock to be exchanged assuming a value of Masthercell Global equal to three and a half (3.5) times the
revenue of Masthercell Global during the last twelve (12) complete calendar months immediately prior to the exchange divided by (ii) the
Exchange Price; provided, that in no event will (A) the Exchange Price be less than a price per share that would result in Orgenesis having
an enterprise value of less than $250,000,000 and (B) the maximum number of shares of Orgenesis Common Stock to be issued shall not
exceed 2,704,247 shares of outstanding Orgenesis Common Stock (representing approximately 19.99% of then outstanding Orgenesis
Common Stock), unless Orgenesis obtains shareholder approval for the issuance of such greater amount of shares of Orgenesis Common
Stock in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market. Such shareholder approval for a greater number was
obtained on October 23, 2018.
Great Point and Masthercell Global entered into an advisory services agreement pursuant to which Great Point is to provide
management services to Masthercell Global for which Great Point will be compensated at an annual base compensation equal to the greater
of (i) $250,000 per each 12 month period or (ii) 5% of the EBITDA for such 12 month period, payable in arrears in quarterly installments;
provided, that these payments will (A) begin to accrue immediately, but shall not be paid in cash to Great Point until such time as
Masthercell Global generates EBITDA of at least $2,000,000 for any 12 month period or the sale of or change in control of Masthercell
Global, and (B) shall not exceed an aggregate annual amount of $500,000. Such compensation accrues but is not owed to Great Point until
the earlier of (i) Masthercell Global generating EBITDA of at least $2 million for any 12 months period following the date of the
agreement or (ii) a Sale of the Company or Change of Control of the Company (as both terms are defined therein).
GPP Securities, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Great Point and Masthercell Global entered into a
transaction services agreement pursuant to which GPP Securities, LLC is to provide certain brokerage services to Masthercell Global for
which GPP Securities LLC will be entitled to a certain Exit Fee and Transaction Fee (as both terms are defined in the agreement), such fees
not to be less than 2% of the applicable transaction value.
Corporate Reorganization
Contemporaneous with the execution of the SPA and the Stockholders’ Agreement, Orgenesis and Masthercell Global entered into
a Contribution, Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to which Orgenesis contributed to Masthercell Global the Orgenesis’
assets relating to the CDMO Business (as defined below), including the CDMO subsidiaries (the “Corporate Reorganization”). In
furtherance thereof, Masthercell Global, as Orgenesis’ assignee, acquired all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Atvio, the
Company’s Israel based CDMO partner since May 2016, and 94.12% of the share capital of CureCell, the Company’s Korea based CDMO
partner since March 2016. Orgenesis exercised the "call option" to which it was entitled under the joint venture agreements with each of
these entities to purchase from the former shareholders their equity holding. The consideration for the outstanding share equity in each of
Atvio and CureCell consisted solely of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of Atvio, Orgenesis issued to the former
Atvio shareholders an aggregate of 83,965 shares of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of CureCell, Orgenesis issued to
the former CureCell shareholders an aggregate of 202,846 shares of Orgenesis common stock subject to a third-party valuation. Together
with MaSTherCell S.A., Atvio and CureCell are directly held subsidiaries under Masthercell Global (collectively, the “Masthercell Global
Subsidiaries”).
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Masthercell Global, through the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries, will be engaged in the business of providing manufacturing and
development services to third parties related to cell and gene therapy products, processes and solutions and providing related manufacturing
or development services, and the creation and development of technology, intellectual property, tools and optimizations in connection with
such manufacturing and development services for third parties (the “CDMO Business”). Under the terms of the Stockholders’ Agreement
and SPA, Orgenesis has agreed that so long as it owns equity in Masthercell Global and for two years thereafter it will not engage in the
CDMO Business, except through Masthercell Global. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in the Stockholders’ Agreement or the SPA
prohibits or restricts the Company’s ability to conduct any business outside the CDMO Business and the Company retained the right to
research, manufacture, develop and conduct all other activities related to the development, discovery, manufacturing and commercialization
of therapeutic products, and the process, methods and services thereof (including, without limitation, such therapeutic products for itself
and in which the Company has an economic interest or any relationship with any Third Party in which the Company has an economic
interest or that are created, developed, manufactured or sold by a joint venture, partnership or collaboration between the Company and a
Third Party) with a Third Party. For purposes hereof, the term “Third Party” shall mean any entity (other than our Company or our
subsidiaries) with whom we (or our subsidiaries) has a collaboration, joint venture, partnership or similar economic relationship for the
development of a product with therapeutic use where the primary purpose of such collaboration, joint venture, partnership or relationship is
not the manufacturing related to such product. We intend, through our direct subsidiaries, to continue engaging in such research, marketing,
development, selling and commercialization of such therapeutic products either for our own internal purposes or with Third Parties.
Masthercell Global’s Business
Our subsidiary, Masthercell Global, is a CDMO specialized in cell therapy development for advanced therapeutically products. In
the last decade, cell therapy medicinal products have gained significant importance, particularly in the fields of ex-vivo gene therapy and
immunotherapy. While academic and industrial research has led scientific development in the sector, industrialization and manufacturing
expertise remains insufficient. Masthercell Global plans to fill this gap by providing three types of services to its customers: (i) process and
assay development services and (ii) current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) contract manufacturing services and (iii) technology
innovation and engineering services. These services offer a double advantage to Masthercell Global’s customers. First, customers can
continue allocating their financial and human resources on their product/therapy, while relying on a long-term reliable and trusted partner
for their process development/production. Second, through its subsidiaries, it allows customers to benefit from Masthercell Global’s
expertise in cell therapy manufacturing and all related aspects.
Masthercell Global continues to invest in its manufacturing capabilities and services to offer a “one-stop-shop” service to its
customers from pre-clinical up to commercial development. MaSTherCell S.A., Masthercell Global’s Belgian subsidiary, has recently
inaugurated a new production center in Gosselies, doubling its manufacturing capacity from 600 sqm GMP area to 1,200 sqm. This new
facility can also accommodate commercial manufacturing. Masthercell Global’s Israeli-based CDMO, Atvio, has relocated its process
engineering activities into a new and larger facility located at Bar-Lev industrial park. These subsidiaries, including Masthercell Global’s
Korea-based CDMO, have started to offer viral vector CDMO services. Our target customers are primarily cell therapy companies that are
in clinical trials with the aim of accompanying them as their manufacturing and logistic partner once their product candidates reach
commercial stage.
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We devote significant resources to process development and manufacturing in order to optimize the safety and efficacy of our
future product candidates for our customers, as well as our cost of goods and time to market. This integration of development,
manufacturing and logistics services through Masthercell Global aims to provide the basis for generating a recurring revenue stream, as
well as carefully managing our fixed cost structure, maximize optionality, and drive long-term cost of goods as low as possible. We believe
that operating our own manufacturing facility provides us with enhanced control of material supply for both clinical trials and the
commercial market, will enable the more rapid implementation of process changes, and will allow for better long-term margins.
Masthercell Global continues to invest resources to maintain best practices in quality service, quality control, quality assurance and
permanent staff training to uphold the highest standards to serve its customers. Masthercell Global (through itself and its subsidiaries) has
built-up a team of more than 140 industry experts in Belgium, 30 experts in Korea, 19 experts in Israel and 3 people in the US. The entire
team is dedicated to support process development and manufacturing efforts in a fast, safe and cost-effective way. Masthercell Global’s
strategy is to build long term relationships with its customers in order to help them bring highly potent cell therapy products faster to the
market and in cost-effective ways. To provide these services, Masthercell Global relies on a team of dedicated experts both from academic
and industry backgrounds. It operates through state-of-the-art facilities organized as a global network in Belgium, Israel, Korea and soon in
the U.S. This network of facilities operates on a common Quality Management System backbone enabling for streamlined technology
transfers among the different sites.
Our Growth Strategy
In light of the globalization of the industry in general and the therapeutics industry in particular, adding to that the high cost of
reaching the market, developers of cell therapies see themselves as global organizations and build their models on global markets. As cell
therapies are based on living cells, they are limited in their ability to be centrally manufactured. An additional challenge for globalization is
the fact that the regulatory requirements for the therapies is not harmonized between jurisdictions, presenting additional operational
challenges.
We have leveraged the recognized quality expertise and experience in cell process development and manufacturing of our Belgian
subsidiary, MaSTherCell S.A., to first-class entities in Israel and Korea and to build a global CDMO in the cell therapy development and
manufacturing area. We believe that cell therapy companies need to be global in order to truly succeed. We target the international
manufacturing market as a key priority through joint-venture agreements that provide development capabilities, along with manufacturing
facilities and experienced staff.
The main revenue drivers of our growth strategy on a global reach are the number of batches and the number of patients per
manufacturing batch. These parameters vary along the development cycle of the new treatments (starting from as few as 20 patients in
Phase I to thousands of patients when reaching commercialization). When a client reaches the commercial stage, their demand for
manufacturing substantially increases, while barriers preventing the client from switching to another manufacturing organization remain
extremely high. The difficulty in transferring CDMOs is a function of the tech transfer of such complex manufacturing processes being
extremely lengthy, requiring many months of training highly specialized employees, while also possibly requiring new regulatory
approvals. Therefore, we believe we are well positioned to continue expanding our revenue for the following reasons:
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(1)
(2)
(3)
A higher number of companies in later phases of clinical trials and soon potentially in commercial phases;
Therapy companies requiring higher manufacturing abilities concurrent with a global reach; and
An increasing need for the manufacturing scalability provided by a CDMO.
Current CDMO Facilities
MaSTherCell S.A.
MaSTherCell S.A. in Belgium is in the European hub for the continental activities of the global CDMO network and the globally-
recognized center of excellence of the GMP manufacturing activities of the group. At the heart of MaSTherCell is a team of more than 140
highly dedicated experts combining strong experience in cGMP cell therapy manufacturing with a technology-focused approach and a
substantial knowledge of the industry. As a one-stop shop, they provide services from technology selection, business modeling to GMP
manufacturing, process development, quality management and assay development. MaSTherCell's teams are fully committed to helping
their clients fulfill their objective of providing sustainable and affordable therapies to their patients. The company operates in a validated
and flexible facility located in Biowin, the strategic center of Europe within the Walloon healthcare cluster. The facility in Belgium has
received the final cGMP manufacturing authorization from the Belgian Drug Agency (AFMPS) in September 2013 and a renewal in
October 2017 for cell-based therapies manufacturing. It spreads over 2,000 sqm including 1,200 sqm of GMP area.
Atvio Biotech Ltd.
Atvio Biotech Ltd. in Israel is a specialized process and technology development firm focused on custom-made process
development, upscaling design from lab to industry innovation and automation procedures, which are extremely essential in the cell therapy
industry. Atvio is located in Bar-Lev Industrial Park utilizing the exclusive Israeli innovative ecosystem and highly experienced and
talented associates including Ph.D. holders and biotechnology engineers. The center provides end to end solutions to cell therapy industries,
process development capabilities and proficiency, custom-made engineering and a unique platform for creative design and process
optimization. The company spreads over 1300 sqm2 of labs and offices resulting in an efficient and unique environment for cell therapy
development.
CureCell Co. Ltd.
CureCell Co. Ltd. in Korea has a particular focus on developing innovative cell therapies for both the Korean and international
markets. Together, with promising in-house research programs, the foreign technologies are currently under development for the rapidly
growing Asian market well beyond the Korean market offering the most favorable environment for the cell therapy industry in the world.
Through close collaboration with leading medical and academic facilities, CureCell is accelerating the development of foreign technologies
in Korea and is well positioned to expand international markets for Korean technologies.
Planned CDMO Facilities
We are currently preparing to launch a new production center in Houston, Texas in the United States, which we expect will
become operational during fiscal 2020. We will continue to engage in discussions with other strategic partners throughout the world to set
up CDMO facilities in other geographic locations.
Our Competitive Advantages
We believe that we offer the following benefits to our CDMO clients:
We enable our clients to go faster to the market in a cost-effective way. We continue to invest in our manufacturing capabilities and
expertise to offer a “one-stop-shop” service to our customers from pre-clinical up to commercial development. This can also include
preferred access to critical raw materials supplies. This stems from the finding that these companies' processes have to be set up right from
the start in order for them to obtain approved products that have the simplest possible process and with the lowest possible cost of goods
sold (COGS).
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Quality. We work alongside our customers to transform the promises of their cell-based therapies into a robust and scalable
process, compliant with GMP requirements. Our stringent quality system is applied throughout the process and ensures identity, purity,
stability, potency and robustness of cell therapy products from clinical phase I, II, III to commercialization. We continue to invest resources
to maintain best practices in quality service, quality control, quality assurance and permanent staff training to uphold the highest standards.
Transforming academic technology to clinical and commercial manufacturing . One of the major issues with moving cell therapy
products from “bench to manufacturing bedside” has been manufacturing bottlenecks. The heterogeneous nature of cell therapy products
has introduced manufacturing complexity and regulatory concerns, as well as scale-up complexities that are not present within traditional
pharmaceutical manufacturing. Over the years, MaSTherCell has developed experience and expertise necessary for transforming academic
concepts into a clinical manufacturing program to support all phases of clinical trials. This includes assessing the clinical efficiency of the
laboratory concept but also the development of efficient, robust and scalable manufacturing processes, including technology engineering
service, when needed.
Access to a global network. Many companies developing autologous cell therapies envision using multiple manufacturing sites and
processing centers to distribute the workload and minimize the shipping distances for such time- sensitive products. Many cell therapy
products are fragile preparations that must be shipped and applied to a patient rapidly. This time pressure means that standard product-
release testing procedures are not feasible. In particular, sterility testing often cannot be completed before patient treatment. This unique
challenge in cell-therapy manufacturing requires tighter environmental and handling controls to greatly reduce any risk of sterility failure.
Biotechnology companies have to anticipate their success and the logistics to cure at point of care. Therefore, the setup of a global CDMO
meets this requirement and is the strategy behind our establishment of our CDMO facilities in Korea and Israel, and in the U.S. in the
future. To comply with anticipated regulatory harmonization, we have also invested in our Quality and Management Systems (QMS) and to
structure them in a way they could be shared with either affiliated companies or business partners, and even with customers or prospects.
South Korea, Israeli and European requirements are essentially the same, allowing Masthercell Global to implement its QMS model in a
quick and efficient way. This truly international footprint will give us a unique competitive advantage, thereby filling the gap of
biotechnology companies’ requirement of “quality comparability” between the respective regional sites.
Central continental locations to deal with key logistics challenges. With respect to this challenge, through our subsidiaries,
Masthercell Global has built up the following:
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Team of dedicated experts both from academic and industry backgrounds with a strong experience in cGMP dealing with not yet
harmonized regulatory requirements (European Medicines Agency (the “EMA”), FDA);
State-of-the-art facilities located next to airports; and
Multi-continental footprints to deal with therapies administration at or nearby point of care as many cell therapy products have a
short shelf life.
Providing value-added manufacturing capacity. One of the biggest challenges is developing reliable (quality) and robust
manufacturing processes for cell-based therapy products that ensure adequate product safety, potency, and consistency at an economically
viable cost. Additionally, manufacturing quality and comparability is at the heart of biotechnology companies’ challenges. MaSTherCell
has built-up a strong expertise to customize the production and manufacturing process to suit the particular needs of a given client. This
process facilitates a deep understanding of clients’ needs and facilitates a long term revenue generating relationship.
Competition in the CDMO Field
We compete with a number of companies both directly and indirectly. Key competitors include the following CMOs and CDMOs:
Lonza Group Ltd, Progenitor Cell Therapy (PCT) LLC (acquired by Hitachi), WuxiAppTec (WuXi PharmaTech (Cayman) Inc.), Cognate
Bioservices Inc., Apceth GmbH & Co. KG, Eufets GmbH, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Cellforcure SASU, Cell Therapy Catapult Limited and
Molmed S.p.A. Some of these companies are large, well-established manufacturers with financial, technical, research and development and
sales and marketing resources that are significantly greater than those that we currently possess.
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More generally, we face competition inherent in any third-party manufacturer’s business - namely, that potential customers may
instead elect to invest in their own facilities and infrastructure, affording them greater control over their products and the hope of long-term
cost savings compared to a third party contract manufacturer. To be successful, we will need to convince potential customers that our
current and expanding capabilities are more innovative, of higher-quality and more cost-effective than could be achieved through internal
manufacturing and that our experience and quality manufacturing and process development expertise are unique in the industry. Our ability
to achieve this and to successfully compete against other manufacturers will depend, in large part, on our success in developing
technologies that improve both the quality and profitability associated with cell therapy manufacturing. If we are unable to successfully
compete against other manufacturers, we may not be able to develop our CDMO business plans which may harm our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We believe that Masthercell Global’s services differ from our competition in two major aspects:
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Quality and expertise of its services: Clients identify the excellence of its facility, quality system, and people as a major
differentiating point compared to competitors; and
Agile and tailored approach: Our philosophy is to build a true partnership with our clients and adapt ourselves to clients’ needs,
which entails no “off-the-shelf process” nor in-house technology platform, but a dedicated person for each client, joint steering
committees on each project and dedicated project managers.
* Diagram above signifies “one-stop-shop service offering” from process development through quality manufacturing and logistics to point of care.
We strengthen our position by our “one-stop-shop” service offering, from pre-clinical to commercial, with a clear focus on COGS
of manufacturing processes. This differentiation results in a price premium compared to other CMO’s as we operate with a lean
organization focused solely on cell therapy. Quality is a critical aspect of our industry, and we believe we have developed unique expertise
in this field. We devote significant resources to process development and manufacturing in order to optimize the safety and efficacy of our
future product candidates for our customers, as well as our cost of goods and time to market. Our goal is to carefully manage our fixed cost
structure, maximize optionality, and drive long-term cost of goods as low as possible. We believe that operating our own manufacturing
facility, which provides us with enhanced control of material supply for both clinical trials and the commercial market, will enable a more
rapid implementation of process changes, and will allow for better long-term margins.
Finally, we have sought to establish manufacturing centers in regions which logistically offers an ideal location given the high
concentration of companies active in cell therapy, including potential clients and companies with complementary know-how, products and
services.
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CDMO Government Regulation
We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, national and international regulatory bodies
having jurisdiction in the countries or localities where we manufacture products or where our customers’ products are distributed. In
particular, we are subject to laws and regulations concerning research and development, testing, manufacturing processes, equipment and
facilities, including compliance with cGMPs, labeling and distribution, import and export, facility registration or licensing, and product
registration and listing. As a result, our facilities are subject to regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory bodies of other jurisdictions,
such as the EMA, Health Canada, and the Australian Department of Health, depending on the countries in which our customers market and
sell the products we manufacture and/or package on their behalf. We are also required to comply with environmental, health and safety
laws and regulations, as discussed below. These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing,
developing, labeling, packaging, storage, distribution, import and export and record keeping related to customers' products. Noncompliance
with any applicable regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve facilities for manufacturing products or products
for commercialization.
Manufacturing facilities that produce cellular therapies are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA. In particular, FDA
regulations set forth requirements pertaining to establishments that manufacture human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products
(“HCT/Ps”). Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1271 provides for a unified registration and listing system, donor-eligibility,
current Good Tissue Practice ("cGTP"), and other requirements that are intended to prevent the introduction, transmission, and spread of
communicable diseases by HCT/Ps. More specifically, key elements of Part 1271 include:
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·
·
·
·
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Registration and listing requirements for establishments that manufacture HCT/Ps;
Requirements for determining donor eligibility, including donor screening and testing;
cGTP requirements, which include requirements pertaining to the manufacturer's quality program, personnel, procedures,
manufacturing facilities, environmental controls, equipment, supplies and reagents, recovery, processing and process controls,
labeling, storage, record-keeping, tracking, complaint files, receipt, pre-distribution shipment, distribution, and donor eligibility
determinations, donor screening, and donor testing;
Adverse reaction reporting;
Labeling of HCT/Ps;
Specific rules for importing HCT/Ps; and
FDA inspection, retention, recall, destruction, and cessation of manufacturing operations.
Masthercell Global currently collects, processes, stores and manufactures HCT/Ps, including the manufacture of cellular therapy
products. Therefore, Masthercell Global must comply with cGTP and with the current Good Manufacturing Practices (“cGMP”)
requirements that apply to biological products. Cell and tissue-based products may also be subject to the same approval standards, including
demonstration of safety and efficacy, as other biologic and drug products if they fail to meet all HCT/P criteria set forth in Title 21, Code of
Federal Regulations, Section 1271.10.
The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the “FD&C Act”) and FDA regulations govern the quality control, manufacture,
packaging, and labeling procedures of products regulated as a drug or biological products, including cellular therapies comprising HCT/Ps.
These laws and regulations include requirements for regulated entities to comply with cGTPs applicable to the specific product(s). The
cGTPs are designed to ensure that a facility's processes - and products resulting from those processes - meet defined safety requirements.
The FDA's objective in requiring compliance with cGTP standards is to protect the public health and safety by ensuring that regulated
products (i) have the identity, strength, quality and purity that they purport or are represented to possess; (ii) meet their specifications; and
(iii) are free of objectionable microorganisms and contamination. As a central focus of the cGTP requirements, regulated entities must
design and build quality assurance safeguards into the manufacturing processes and the production facilities for regulated products and
must ensure the consistency, product integrity, and reproducibility of results and product characteristics. This is done by implementing
quality systems and processes including appropriate, controlled procedures, specifications and documentation. In addition, drug
manufacturers and certain of their subcontractors are required to register their establishments with FDA and certain state agencies.
Registration with the FDA subjects entities to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA, during which the agency inspects
manufacturing facilities to assess compliance with applicable cGTPs. The FDA may also initiate for-cause investigations of manufacturing
facilities if it learns of possible serious regulatory violations at such facilities. Accordingly, manufacturers must continue to expend time,
money, and effort in the areas of production and quality control to maintain compliance with cGTPs. Failure to comply with applicable
FDA requirements can result in regulatory inspections and associated observations, warning letters, other enforcement measures requiring
remedial action, and, in the case of failures that are more serious, suspension of manufacturing operations, seizure of product, injunctions,
product recalls, fines, and other penalties. We believe that our facilities are in material compliance with applicable, existing FDA
requirements. Additionally, FDA, other regulatory agencies, or the U.S. Congress may be considering, and may enact laws or regulations
regarding the use and marketing of stem cells, cell therapy products, or products derived from human cells or tissue. These laws and
regulations may directly affect us or the business of some of Masthercell’s Global’s clients and, therefore, the amount of business
Masthercell Global receives from these clients.
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The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (“CLIA”) extends U.S. federal oversight to clinical laboratories that examine
or conduct testing on materials derived from the human body for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or
treatment of disease or for the assessment of the health of human beings. CLIA requirements apply to those laboratories that handle
biological matter. CLIA requires that these laboratories be certified by the government, satisfy governmental quality and personnel
standards, undergo proficiency testing, be subject to biennial inspections and remit fees. The sanctions for failure to comply with CLIA
include suspension, revocation, or limitation of a laboratory's CLIA certificate necessary to conduct business, fines, or criminal penalties.
Additionally, CLIA certification may sometimes be needed when an entity, such as Masthercell Global, desires to obtain accreditation,
certification, or license from non-government entities for cord blood collection, storage and processing.
Our customers’ products must undergo pre-clinical and clinical evaluations relating to product safety and efficacy before they are
approved as commercial therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend
to market their products may delay or put on hold clinical trials, delay approval of a product or determine that the product is not approvable.
The FDA or other regulatory agencies can delay approval of a drug if our manufacturing facilities are not able to demonstrate compliance
with cGTPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections (i.e., compliance with filed submissions) or properly scale up to produce
commercial supplies. The FDA and comparable government authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend
to market their products have the authority to withdraw product approval or suspend manufacture if there are significant problems with raw
materials or supplies, quality control and assurance or the product is deemed adulterated or misbranded. In addition, if new legislation or
regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we may be required to
obtain additional approvals or operate according to different manufacturing or operating standards or pay additional fees. This may require a
change in our manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities.
Certain products manufactured by us involve the use, storage and transportation of toxic and hazardous materials. Our operations
are subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of materials into the
environment and the maintenance of safe working conditions. We maintain environmental and industrial safety and health compliance
programs and training at our facilities.
Prevailing legislation tends to hold companies primarily responsible for the proper disposal of their waste even after transfer to
third party waste disposal facilities. Other future developments, such as increasingly strict environmental, health and safety laws and
regulations, and enforcement policies, could result in substantial costs and liabilities to us and could subject the handling, manufacture, use,
reuse or disposal of substances or pollutants at our facilities to more rigorous scrutiny than at present.
Our CDMO operations involve the controlled use of hazardous materials and chemicals. We are subject to federal, state and local
laws and regulations in the U.S. governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and chemicals.
Although we believe that our procedures for using, handling, storing and disposing of these materials comply with legally prescribed
standards, we may incur significant additional costs to comply with applicable laws in the future. Also, even if we are in compliance with
applicable laws, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials or chemicals. As a
result of any such contamination or injury, we may incur liability or local, city, state or federal authorities may curtail the use of these
materials and interrupt our business operations. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines, and
the liability could exceed our resources. Compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations is expensive, and current or future
environmental regulations may impair our contract manufacturing operations, which could materially harm our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
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The costs associated with complying with the various applicable local, state, national and international regulations could be
significant and the failure to comply with such legal requirements could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial
condition. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our CDMO Business — Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a
significant impact on our CDMO business, and it may require us to substantially invest in our development, manufacturing and distribution
capabilities and may negatively impact our ability to generate and meet future demand for our products and improve profitability” for
additional discussion of the costs associated with complying with the various regulations.
PT Business
Our therapeutic development efforts in our cell therapy business are focused on advancing breakthrough scientific achievements in
the field of autologous therapies which have a curative potential. We base our development on therapeutic collaborations and in-licensing
with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage biopharma companies as well as direct collaboration with research and healthcare institutes. We
are engaging in therapeutic collaborations and in-licensing with other academic centers and research centers in order to pursue emerging
technologies of other ATMPs in cell and gene therapy in such areas as cell-based immunotherapies, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative
diseases and tissue regeneration. Each of these customers and collaborations represents a growth opportunity and future revenue potential
as we out-license these ATMPs through regional partners to whom we also provide regulatory, pre-clinical and training services to support
their activity in order to reach patients in a point-of-care hospital setting.
PT Subsidiaries and Collaboration Agreements
We intend to devote significant resources to process development and manufacturing in order to optimize the safety and efficacy
of our future product candidates, as well as our cost of goods and time to market. Our goal is to carefully manage our fixed cost structure,
maximize optionality, and drive long-term cost of goods as low as possible.
We carry out our PT business through three wholly-owned and separate subsidiaries. This corporate structure allows us to simplify
the accounting treatment, minimize taxation and optimize local grant support. The subsidiaries related to this business are as follows:
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United States: Orgenesis Maryland Inc. – This is the center of activity for North America currently focused on technology licensing,
therapeutic collaborations and preparation for U.S. clinical trials.
European Union: Orgenesis SPRL – This is the center of activity for Europe, currently focused on process development and
preparation of European clinical trials.
Israel: Orgenesis Ltd. – This is a research and technology center, as well as a provider of regulatory, clinical and pre-clinical
services.
We have embarked on a strategy of collaborative arrangements with strategically situated third parties around the world. We
believe that these parties have the expertise, experience and strategic location to advance our PT therapy business. Activities in our PT
platform include:
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Trans-differentiation Technology - Our trans-differentiation technology demonstrates the capacity to induce a shift in the
developmental fate of cells from the liver or other tissues and transdifferentiating them into “pancreatic beta cell-like” Autologous
Insulin Producing (“AIP”) cells for patients with Type 1 Diabetes (“T1D”), acute pancreatitis and other insulin deficient diseases.
This technology, which has yet to be proven in human clinical trials, has shown in relevant animal models that the human derived
AIP cells produce insulin in a glucose-sensitive manner. This trans-differentiation technology is licensed by our Israeli Subsidiary
and is based on the work of Prof. Sarah Ferber, our Chief Scientific Officer and a researcher at Tel Hashomer Medical Research
Infrastructure and Services Ltd. (“THM”) in Israel. Our development plan calls for conducting additional pre-clinical safety and
efficacy studies with respect to diabetes and other potential indications prior to initiating human clinical trials. With respect to our
trans-differentiation technology, we own or have exclusive rights to ten (10) United States and nineteen (19) foreign issued patents,
nine (9) pending applications in the United States, thirty-two (32) pending applications in foreign jurisdictions, including Europe,
Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Eurasia, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and Singapore, and four (4) international PCT patent
applications. These patents and applications relate, among others, to (1) the trans-differentiation of cells (including hepatic cells) to
cells having pancreatic β-cell-like phenotype and function and to their use in the treatment of degenerative pancreatic disorders,
including diabetes, pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis, and (2) to scaffolds, including alginate and sulfated alginate scaffolds,
polysaccharides thereof, and scaffolds for use for cell propagation, transdifferentiation, and transplantation in the treatment of
autoimmune diseases, including diabetes.
Collaboration Agreement with Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc - On October 18, 2018, we entered into a collaboration agreement
and other ancillary agreements with Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc (“Hemogenyx”) to collaborate on the development and
commercialization of Hemogenyx’s Human Postnatal Hemogenic Endothelial (Hu-PHEC) technology. Hu-PHEC is a cell
replacement product candidate that is being designed to generate cancer-free, patient-matched blood stem cells after transplantation
into the patient. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements, we shall exclusively manufacture and supply to Hemogenyx, its affiliates
and licensees all Hu-PHEC related products both during and following completion of clinical trials. We shall also receive the
worldwide -exclusive rights to market such products and shall serve as a global distributor of Hemogenyx’s Hu-PHEC related
products. In consideration for such rights, we agreed to advance to Hemogenyx a convertible loan in an amount of no less than $1.0
million for furthering the development of the Hu-PHEC technology. As of November 30, 2018, we have funded $0.5 million under
this convertible loan. We also agreed to pay a royalty of 12% of our net revenues resulting from the sale or licensing of products
covered by Hemogenyx’s Hu-PHEC technology.
Collaboration Agreement with Immugenyx, LLC - On October 16, 2018, we entered into a collaboration agreement with
Immugenyx, LLC (“Immugenyx”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc. Immugenyx will collaborate
with us to further the development and commercialization of its advanced hematopoietic chimeras (“AHC”). AHC, a new type of
humanized mouse with a functional human immune system, is being developed by Immugenyx as an in vivo platform for disease
modelling, drug and cell therapy development. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we shall receive non-exclusive worldwide
rights to market the products and shall serve as a global distributor of Immugenyx’s products. Immugenyx will retain exclusive
rights to manufacture, make and supply us with all the Immugenyx technology and/or licensed products that are marketed, sold or
otherwise commercialized by us. In consideration for the license, we agreed to advance to Immugenyx a convertible loan in an
amount of no less than $1.0 million for furthering the development of humanized mice models and related antibody development.
As of November 30, 2018, we have funded $0.5 million under this convertible loan. We also agreed to pay a royalty of 12% of our
net revenues resulting from the sale or licensing of products covered by Immugenyx’s AHC technology.
Collaboration and License Agreement with Mircod Limited - On June 18, 2018, we and Mircod Limited, a company formed under
the laws of Cyprus (“Mircod”) entered into a collaboration and license agreement for the research, development and
commercialization of potential key technologies related to biological sensing for our clinical development and manufacturing
projects. Within 45 days of the execution of the agreement, we agreed to approve a written project development plan outlining each
party’s responsibilities with respect to the project and said project development plan was duly approved. We also agreed to fund the
projected development costs as outlined in the development plan. Under the terms of the agreement, we agreed to, and remitted, an
advance payment of $50,000. Under the agreement, all project results of such collaboration shall be jointly owned by Mircod and
the Company. We were also granted an exclusive, worldwide sublicensable license under Mircod’s right in such project results to
use and commercialize such project results in consideration for a royalty of 5% of Net Sales (as defined in the collaboration
agreement) of products incorporating project results. We will be solely responsible for the commercialization of any resulting
products. Subject to completion of the development project, Mircod and the Company are to negotiate and enter into a
manufacturing and supply agreement under which Mircod is to manufacture and supply products incorporating the project results
and, at our request, to provide support and maintenance service for such products. If for whatever reason Mircod and the Company
fail to enter into such manufacturing and supply agreement within 90 days of the completion of the development project or if
Mircod is unable to perform such services, we are entitled to manufacture the products, in which event Mircod will be entitled to a
payment of $80,000 and royalties on net sales are to increase to 8% of net sales.
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Research and License Agreement with B.G. Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd. and The National Institute of Biotechnology
in the Negev Ltd. - On August 2, 2018 and November 25, 2018, respectively, we entered into research and license agreements (the
“Agreements”) with B.G. Negev Technologies and Applications Ltd. (“BGN”) and/or The National Institute of Biotechnology in
the Negev Ltd. (both herein, the “BG Entities”). Under the terms of the Agreements, we shall collaborate on the research and
development of BGN’s dissolvable carriers for cell culturing and for developing and commercializing technology directed to RAFT
modification of polysaccharides and use of a bioreactor for supporting cell constructs. We have received the exclusive, worldwide
rights to make, develop and commercialize technologies utilizing the dissolvable carriers for cell culturing, with an initial focus on
autoimmune diseases. This unique technology has the potential to allow us to reduce the cost and complexity of manufacturing of
our cell therapy programs.
Joint Venture Agreement with HekaBio K.K. - On July 10, 2018, we and HekaBio K.K. (“HB”), a corporation organized under the
laws of Japan, entered into a joint venture agreement pursuant to which we agreed to collaborate in the clinical development and
commercialization of cell and gene therapeutic products in Japan (the “JVA”). The parties intend to pursue the joint venture through
a newly established Japanese company which we, or we together with a designee, will hold a 49% participating interest therein, with
the remaining 51% participating interest being held by HB (the “JV Company”). HB will fund, at its sole expense, all costs
associated with obtaining the requisite regulatory approvals for conducting clinical trials, as well as performing all clinical and other
testing required for market authorization of the products in Japan. Under the joint venture agreement, each party may invest up to
$10 million, which may take the form of a loan, if required, as determined by the steering committee. The terms of such investment,
if any, will be on terms mutually agreeable to the parties, provided that the minimum pre-money valuation for any such investment
shall not be less than $10 million. Additionally, HB was granted an option to affect an equity investment in us of up to $15 million
within the next 12 months on mutually agreeable terms. If such investment is in fact consummated, we agreed to invest in the JV
Company by way of a convertible loan an amount to HB’s pro-rata participating interest in the JV Company, which initially will be
at 51%. Such loan may then be converted by us into share capital of the JV Company at an agreed upon formula for determining the
JV Company valuation which in no event shall be less than $10 million. Under the joint venture agreement, we can require HB to
sell to us its participating (including equity) interest in the JV Company in consideration for the issuance of our common stock
based on an agreed upon formula for determining the JV Company’s valuation which in no event shall be less than $10 million. In
addition, under the joint venture agreement, we shall grant the JV Company an exclusive license to certain intellectual property as
may be required for the JV Company to develop and commercialize the products in Japan. In consideration of such license, the JV
Company shall pay us, in addition to other payments, royalties at the rate of 10% of the JV Company’s net sales of the Products. On
October 3, 2018, we entered into a license agreement with the JV Company pursuant to the joint venture agreement pertaining to the
licenses described above.
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Joint Venture Agreement with Image Securities Ltd. - On July 11, 2018, we and Image Securities Ltd., a corporation with its
registered office in Grand Cayman, Grand Cayman Islands (“India Partner”) entered into a joint venture agreement pursuant to
which we agreed to collaborate in the development and/or marketing, clinical development and commercialization of cell therapy
products in India. The India Partner will collaborate with a network of healthcare facilities and a healthcare infrastructure as well as
financial partners to advance the development and commercialization of the cell therapy products in India. The joint venture
agreement becomes effective upon the consummation of an equity investment by the India Partner in the Company of $5 million
within 15 days of the execution of the joint venture agreement through the purchase of units of our securities at a per unit purchase
price payable into the Company of $6.24, with each unit comprised of one share of our common stock and a three-year warrant for
the acquisition of an additional common share at a per share exercise price of $6.24. Subject to the consummation of such equity
investment in the Company, we are to advance to the joint venture company a convertible loan in the amount of $5 million. The
loan is convertible into equity capital of the joint venture company at an agreed upon formula for determining joint venture
company valuation. The investment in us by the India Partner was consummated by way of the previously disclosed private
placement subscription agreement entered into in December 2016 between us and an affiliate of the India Partner. We advanced $1
million under our obligation under the convertible loan on October 18, 2018. Under the joint venture agreement, the India Partner
agreed to invest in the joint venture company $10 million within 12 months of the incorporation of the joint venture company. If for
whatever reason such investment is not made by the India Partner within such time, then we are authorized to convert our above-
referenced loan into 50% of the equity capital of the joint venture company on a fully diluted basis, provided that if the pre- money
valuation of the joint venture company is then independently determined to be less than $5 million, then such conversion to be
effected in the basis of such valuation.
Background on Our Transdifferentiation Technology
Diabetes Mellitus (“DM”), or simply diabetes, is a metabolic disorder usually caused by a combination of hereditary and
environmental factors, and results in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Diabetes occurs as a result of impaired insulin
production by the pancreatic islet cells. The most common types of the disease are Type-1 Diabetes (“T1D”) and Type-2 Diabetes
(“T2D”). In T1D, the onset of the disease follows an autoimmune attack of β-cells that severely reduces β-cell mass. T1D usually has an
early onset and is sometimes also called juvenile diabetes. In T2D, the pathogenesis involves insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and
enhanced gluconeogenesis, while late progression stages eventually lead to β-cell failure and a significant reduction in β-cell function and
mass. T2D often occurs later in life and is sometimes called adult onset diabetes. Both T1D and late-stage T2D result in marked
hypoinsulinemia, reduction in β-cell function and mass and lead to severe secondary complications, such as myocardial infarcts, limb
amputations, neuropathies and nephropathies and even death. In both cases, patients become insulin-dependent, requiring either multiple
insulin injections per day or reliance on an insulin pump.
Diabetes is one of the most challenging health problems in the 21st Century, resulting in staggering health, social, and economic
impacts. Diabetes is currently the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in most developed countries and has been declared an epidemic in
many developing and newly industrialized nations.
Within the field of cell therapy, research and development using stem cells to treat a host of diseases and conditions has greatly
expanded. All living complex organisms start as a single cell that replicates, differentiates (matures) and perpetuates in an adult organism
throughout its lifetime. Stem cells (in either embryonic or adult forms) are primitive and undifferentiated cells that have the unique ability
to transform into or otherwise affect many different cells, such as white blood cells, nerve cells or heart muscle cells. Our technology
employs a molecular and cellular approach directed at converting liver cells into functional insulin-producing cells as a treatment for
diabetes. This new therapeutic approach does not use stem cells, but rather is focused on the use of autologous, fully mature, adult cells.
There are two general classes of cell therapies: allogeneic and autologous. In allogeneic procedures, cells collected from a person
(the donor) are transplanted into or used to develop a treatment for another patient (the recipient) with or without modification. In cases
where the donor and the recipient are the same individual, these procedures are referred to as “autologous”.
Our treatment for diabetes focuses on autologous cells that offer a low likelihood of rejection by the patient. We believe the long-
term benefits of this treatment can best be achieved with an autologous product. For our purposes in the treatment of diabetes, our cells are
derived from the liver or other adult tissue and are transdifferentiated to become adult Autologous Insulin Producing (“AIP”) cells.
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Through our Israeli and Belgian subsidiaries, our goal is to advance our AIP cell-based therapy into clinical development. AIP
cells utilize the technology of ‘cellular trans-differentiation’ to transform an autologous adult liver cell into a fully functional and
physiologically glucose-responsive insulin-producing cell. Treatment with AIP cells is expected to provide Type 1 Diabetes patients with
long-term insulin independence. Because AIP cells are autologous, this benefit should be achieved and maintained without the need for
concomitant immunosuppressive therapy.
Threats from Pancreas Islet Transplantation and Cell Therapies
To date, a significant portion of the amount invested in diabetes related research and development activities has been directed
toward prevention and lifestyle management rather than toward the development of a cure. For some patients with severe and difficult to
control diabetes (hypoglycemic unawareness), islet transplants are considered. Pancreatic islets are the cells in the pancreas that produce
insulin. Scientists use enzymes to isolate the islets from the pancreas of a deceased donor. Because the islets are fragile, transplantation
must occur soon after they are removed. Typically, a patient receives at least 10,000 islet “equivalents” per kilogram of body weight,
extracted from pancreases obtained from different donors. Patients often require two separate transplants to achieve insulin independence.
Transplants are often performed by an interventional radiologist, who uses x-rays and ultrasound to guide placement of a catheter -
a small plastic tube - through the upper abdomen and into the portal vein of the liver. The islets are then infused slowly through the catheter
into the liver. The patient receives a local anesthetic and a sedative. In some cases, a surgeon may perform the transplant through a small
incision, using general anesthesia. Because the islets are obtained from cadavers that are unrelated to the patient, the patient needs to be
treated with drugs that inhibit the immune response so that the patient doesn’t reject the transplant. In the early days of islet transplantation,
the drugs were so powerful that they actually were toxic to the islets; improvements in the procedure are widely used and are now referred
to as the Edmonton Protocol.
Pancreatic islet transplantation (cadaver donors) is an allogeneic transplant, and, as in all allogeneic transplantations, there is a risk
for graft rejection and patients must receive lifelong immune suppressants. Though this technology has shown good results clinically, there
are several setbacks, such as patients being sensitive to recurrent T1D autoimmune attacks and a shortage in tissues available for islet cells
transplantation.
Pancreatic islet auto transplantation is a means of reducing the risk of brittle diabetes following total pancreatectomy. In 1977,
researchers at the University of Minnesota School of Medicine pioneered the first Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autologous Transplant
(“TP-IAT”) for the treatment for induced diabetes post-surgery. At that time, islet cell isolation techniques, which had been pursued to treat
insulin-dependent diabetes via allotransplant, yielded variable results and raised uncertainty regarding the future efficacy of TP-IAT. Since
then, advances in isolation and purification have improved islet transplant outcomes, and the practice of TP-IAT has expanded. In the
United States, there are currently approximately 12 centers performing TP-IAT, with 1 to 2 centers annually establishing programs; there is
no available information on the worldwide use of this procedure.
TP-IAT has the distinct advantage of allowing patients the ability to avoid the significant postoperative complication of surgically
induced brittle diabetes. The severity of brittle diabetes, a condition in which a patient experiences both severe hyper and hypoglycemic
episodes, should not be underestimated; in one early series, 50% of late deaths after TP were secondary to iatrogenic hypoglycemic
episodes. Although total pancreatectomy in the era of modern endocrine and exocrine replacement therapy has witnessed improvements in
long-term morbidity and mortality, it remains one of the most morbid abdominal operations performed today.
Our Solution
We are developing and bringing to clinical stage a technology that is based on the published work of Prof. Sarah Ferber, our Chief
Scientific Officer and a researcher at THM, that demonstrates the capacity to induce a shift in the developmental fate of cells from the liver
into “pancreatic beta cell-like” insulin-producing cells. Furthermore, those cells were found resistant to the autoimmune attack and able to
produce insulin in a glucose-sensitive manner. Our cell therapy business derives from a licensing agreement entered into as of February 2,
2012 by Orgenesis Ltd., our Israeli Subsidiary, and THM pursuant to which our Israeli Subsidiary was granted a worldwide royalty bearing
an exclusive license to certain information regarding a molecular and cellular approach directed at converting liver cells into functional
insulin-producing cells as a treatment for diabetes (the “THM License Agreement”).
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Toward this goal, we are working to advance a unique product into clinical development. AIP cells utilize the technology of
‘cellular trans-differentiation’ to transform an autologous adult liver cell into an adult, fully functional and physiologically glucose-
responsive pancreatic-like insulin producing cell. Treatment with AIP cells is expected to provide diabetes patients with long-term insulin
independence. Our aim is to develop our AIP cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes by essentially correcting malfunctioning organs with
new functional tissues created from the patient’s own existing organs.
Because the AIP cells are autologous, this benefit should be achieved and maintained without the need for concomitant
immunosuppressive therapy. The procedure to generate AIP cells begins with liver tissue accessed via needle biopsy from a patient. The
liver tissue is then sent to a CDMO, such as MaSTherCell, where biopsied liver cells are isolated, expanded and trans-differentiated into
AIP cells. The final product is a solution of AIP cells, which are packaged in an infusion bag and sent back to the patient’s treating
physician where the cells are transplanted back into the patient’s liver via portal vein infusion. The entire process, from biopsy to
transplantation, is expected to take 5-6 weeks.
Unique Benefits of AIP Cells
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We believe that our singular focus on the acquisition, development, and commercialization of AIP cells may have many and
meaningful benefits over other technologies, including:
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Physiologically glucose-responsive insulin production within one week of AIP cell transplantation;
Insulin-independence within one month;
Single course of therapy (~10-year insulin-independence);
No need for concomitant immunosuppressive therapy;
Return to (near) normal quality of life for patients;
Single liver biopsy supplies unlimited source of therapeutic tissue (bio-banking for future use if needed);
Highly controlled and tightly closed GMP systems; and
Quality control of final product upon release and distribution.
We are aware of no other company focused on development of AIP cells based on trans-differentiation. The pharmaceutical
industry is fragmented, and it is a competitive market. We compete with many pharmaceutical companies, both large and small and there
may be technologies in development of which we are not aware.
We believe our ability to further develop our AIP cells is augmented by the following:
IP Strength - Orgenesis has broad patent claims on its process and has both issued and pending patents in the U.S. and
internationally. The patent portfolio includes granted patent US 8119405, entitled “Methods of inducing regulated pancreatic hormone
production in non-pancreatic islet tissues,” which includes broad claims on trans-differentiating any mature, non-pancreatic cell type into an
islet cell phenotype. Importantly, the company’s IP portfolio is not dependent on processes owned by other companies, such as embryonic
stem cell technologies, production of endodermal intermediates or reprogramming (iPS) technologies. As a result, the company has both
freedom to operate and ability to obstruct competitors in developing autologous cells for treatment of diabetes.
Simplicity - There is no need for anti-rejection treatment or encapsulation. Using liver as pancreatic progenitor tissue allows the
diabetic patient to be the donor of his own insulin-producing tissue, thus allowing autologous implantations with no need for anti-rejection
therapy, which restricts the target population only to adult, severe diabetic patients. Moreover, drugs used for preventing the allo-
transplanted tissue rejection are deleterious to insulin producing cell function and to the patient.
Safety - the generated cells do not regress to pluripotency, and no adverse effects of uncontrolled cells proliferation occur. The
cells are already mature and can be inserted in to the patient following extensive quality assurance testing. Moreover, our cells transplanted
in rodents do not cause any adverse effects even following many weeks in the animals.
Availability - Sufficient liver cells to treat a patient as well to store cells for additional future treatments may be generated. The
cells can be frozen and thawed, without losing the trans-differentiation capacity for up to 20 passages in culture. It is anticipated that a
biopsy from the diabetic patient's own liver is sufficient to generate enough insulin-producing cells to replace the entire cell function and
control blood glucose level. As opposed to islets that are non-dividing (i.e., post-mitotic), it is necessary to use stem cells to generate
sufficient numbers of cells that are then differentiated.
Future Product Candidates - Currently, liver cells are best suited for generating AIP cells. Future products may involve the use of
cell types other than liver that are more easily accessible from the diabetic patient or from unrelated donors. Additionally, other adult cells
(i.e. fibroblasts) may be studied for trans-differentiation into functional cells in diseases other than insulin-dependent disorders (i.e.
neurodegenerative).
The THM License Agreement
Our cell therapy business derives from a licensing agreement entered into as of February 2, 2012 by Orgenesis Ltd., our Israeli
Subsidiary, and THM pursuant to which our Israeli Subsidiary was granted a worldwide royalty bearing and exclusive license to certain
information regarding a molecular and cellular approach directed at converting liver cells into functional insulin producing cells as a
treatment for diabetes (the “THM License Agreement”). By using therapeutic agents (i.e., PDX-1, and additional pancreatic transcription
factors in an adenovirus-vector) that efficiently convert a sub-population of liver cells into pancreatic islets phenotype and function, this
approach allows the diabetic patient to be the donor of his own therapeutic tissue. We believe that this provides major competitive
advantage to the cell transformation technology of our Israeli Subsidiary.
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As consideration for the license, our Israeli Subsidiary has agreed to pay the following to THM:
1)
2)
3)
4)
A royalty of 3.5% of net sales;
16% of all sublicensing fees received;
An annual license fee of $15,000, which commenced on January 1, 2012 and is due once every year thereafter (the
“Annual Fee”). The Annual Fee is non-refundable, but it shall be credited each year due, against the royalty noted above,
to the extent that such are payable, during that year; and
Milestone payments as follows:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
$50,000 on the date of initiation of phase I clinical trials in human subjects;
$50,000 on the date of initiation of phase II clinical trials in human subjects;
$150,000 on the date of initiation of phase III clinical trials in human subjects;
$750,000 on the date of initiation of issuance of an approval for marketing of the first product by the FDA; and
$2,000,000, when worldwide net sales of products have reached the amount of $150,000,000 for the first time (the
“Sales Milestone”).
As of November 30, 2018, our Israeli Subsidiary has not reached any of these milestones.
In the event of an acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Israeli Subsidiary or of us and/or
consolidation of the Israeli Subsidiary or us into or with another corporation (“Exit”), under the THM License Agreement, THM is entitled
to elect, at its sole option, whether to receive from us a one-time payment based, as applicable, on the value at the time of the Exit of either
463,651 shares of our common stock or the value of 1,000 ordinary shares of the Israeli Subsidiary at the time of the Exit. If THM elects to
receive the consideration as a result of an Exit, the royalty payments will cease.
If THM elects to not receive any consideration as a result of an Exit, THM is entitled under the THM License Agreement to
continue to receive all the rights and consideration it is entitled to pursuant to the THM License Agreement (including, without limitation,
the exercise of the rights pursuant to future Exit events), and any agreement relating to an Exit event shall be subject to the surviving
entity’s and/or the purchaser’s undertaking towards THM to perform all of the Israeli Subsidiary's obligations pursuant to the THM License
Agreement.
The Israeli Subsidiary agreed to submit to THM a commercially reasonable plan which shall include all research and development
activities as required for the development and manufacture of the products, including preclinical and clinical activities until an FDA or any
other equivalent regulatory authority’s approval for marketing and including all regulatory procedures required to obtain such approval for
each product candidate (a “Development Plan”), within 18 months from the date of the THM License Agreement. Under the THM License
Agreement, the Israeli Subsidiary undertook to develop, manufacture, sell and market the products pursuant to the milestones and time-
frame schedule specified in the Development Plan. The Israeli Subsidiary submitted the Development Plan in May 2014.
Under the THM License Agreement, THM is entitled to terminate the THM License Agreement under certain conditions relating
to a material change in the business of our Israeli Subsidiary or a breach of any material obligation thereunder or to a bankruptcy event of
our Israeli Subsidiary. Under certain conditions, our Israeli Subsidiary may terminate the THM License Agreement and return the licensed
information to THM.
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Competition in the Cell Therapy Field
The current treatment for T1D, and some T2D, is constant monitoring of blood glucose and a highly controlled diet, coupled with
multiple daily insulin injections. Despite the use of insulin and advances in its delivery, pharmaceutical insulin injections cannot replicate
the level of feedback control afforded by naturally occurring intact beta cells. Even with the most diligent insulin use, the adverse short-
and long-term effects of diabetes include life-threatening episodes of low blood sugar, nerve damage, blindness, kidney damage, erectile
dysfunction, foot ulcers leading to amputations, and cardiovascular disease. Research has shown that, on average, the life expectancy of a
person with T1D is reduced by approximately 12 years when compared to the general population.
T1D inflicts a significant economic cost on the U.S. healthcare system, estimated at $14.4 billion annually, and it is expected that a
therapy that can modify the course of T1D could potentially achieve significant cost savings, and thus command high market penetration
and premium pricing. In the near future, the market for T1D is expected to continue to be dominated by insulin replacement therapies.
Currently, there are no approved therapies for new onset T1D with potential curative effect but only regimens such as insulin or
adjuvants to insulin that address the disease when the pancreas can no longer produce insulin. While not a direct competitor, in a more
advanced population of T1D, sotagliflozin, an oral adjunctive therapy to insulin, is expected to receive FDA approval following positive
results from a pivotal Phase 3 trial conducted by Lexicon Pharmaceuticals in collaboration with Sanofi SA and JDRF. There are multiple
agents in development targeting the modification of the course of the disease. Current approaches in development can be broadly divided
into immune modulatory agents that attempt to improve metabolic function by rescuing insulin producing beta cells, or regenerative agents
that attempt to replace beta cells. From a broad review of these agents and approaches, no other autologous therapy for T1D is expected to
be in advanced clinical trials or provide direct competition to our AIP cells in the near future. Other allogeneic approaches, such as
Viactye’s PEC-01 technology, may enter clinical trials in the near future.
Insulin therapy is used for Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients who are not controlled with oral medications,
although this therapy has well-known and well-characterized disadvantages. Weight gain is a common side effect of insulin therapy, which
is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Injection of insulin causes pain and inconvenience for patients. Patient compliance and
inconvenience of self-administering multiple daily insulin injections is also considered a disadvantage of this therapy. The most serious
adverse effect of insulin therapy is hypoglycemia.
The biopharmaceutical industry, and the rapidly evolving market for developing cell-based therapies is characterized by intense
competition and rapid innovation. Our competitors may be able to develop other compounds or drugs that are able to achieve similar or
better results. Our potential competitors include major multinational pharmaceutical companies, established biotechnology companies,
specialty pharmaceutical companies, universities, and other research institutions. Many of our competitors have substantially greater
financial, technical and other resources, such as larger research and development staff and experienced marketing and manufacturing
organizations as well as established sales forces. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly
through collaborative arrangements with large, established companies.
Specifically, we face significant competition from companies in the insulin therapy market. Insulin therapy is widely used for
Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients who are not controlled with oral medications. The global diabetes market comprising
the insulin, insulin analogues and other anti-diabetic drugs has been evolving rapidly. A look at the diabetes market reveals that it is
dominated by a handful of participants such as Novo Nordisk A/S, Eli Lilly and Company, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Pharmaceutical
Company Limited, Pfizer Inc., Merck KgaA, and Bayer AG.
PT Revenue Model
Through analysis of the cell therapy landscape, we are introducing a novel POCare therapy business model with our goal of
bringing autologous therapies in a cost-effective, high-quality and scalable manner to patients. We are establishing and positioning our PT
business in order to bring POCare therapies to patients in a scalable way via a network of leading healthcare facilities active in autologous
cell therapy product development, including facilities in Germany, Austria, Greece, the U.S., Korea and Japan.
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Our unique understanding of industry needs allows us to offer our clients a range of technologies and processes that potentially
generate revenues. This may include:
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Development Services – Industrial manufacturing know-how to the cell and gene therapy arena, thus reducing cost of goods and
facilitating regulatory scrutiny, higher automation level required to increase process robustness and reduce attrition rates, biological
assay development, assay validation and assay optimization;
Sub-Licensing Fees – Innovative technologies such as scaffolds and IoT sensors and closed system bioreactors that allow
autologous cell manufacturing in lower grade clean rooms; and
POCare Services – Regulatory assistance and joint ventures with local partners who bring strong regional networks through (1) joint
venture partnerships with local hospitals utilizing hospital networks for clinical development of therapies, (2) a global network of
supply, (3) harmonized quality systems, (4) the provision of a comprehensive portfolio of ATMPs to hospitals via continuous in-
licensing of autologous therapies from academia and research institutes, and (4) out-licensing hospital and academic-based therapies.
PT Business Strategy
Our aim is to provide a pathway to bring ATMPs in the cell and gene therapy industry from research to patients worldwide through
our POCare network. We define POCare cell and gene therapy as a process of collecting, processing and administering cells within the
patient care environment, namely through academic partnerships in a hospital setting. We believe this approach is an attractive proposition
for personalized medicine because POCare therapy facilitates the development of technologies through our strategic partnerships and
utilizes closed systems that have the potential of reducing the required grade of clean room facilities, thus substantially reducing
manufacturing costs. Furthermore, cell transportation, which is a high-risk and costly aspect of the supply chain, could be minimized or
eliminated.
While our PT business strategy is currently limited to early stage development to overcome certain industry challenges, we intend
to continue developing a global POCare network, with the goal of developing ATMPs, and namely autologous cell therapies, via joint
ventures with partners who bring strong regional networks. Such networks include partnerships with local hospitals which allows us to
engage in continuous in-licensing of, namely, autologous therapies from academia and research institutes, co-development of hospital and
academic-based therapies, and utilization of hospital networks for clinical development of therapies.
We consider the following to be the four pillars in order to advance our PT business strategy:
·
·
·
·
Innovation – This leverages our unique know-how and expertise for industrial processes, operational excellence, process
development and optimization, quality control assays development, quality management systems and regulatory expertise.
Systems – We are developing cell production cGMP systems utilizing sensor technology and AI-based systems for biological
production, closed system devices for processing cells, proprietary virus/ media technologies and partnerships with key system
providers.
Cell and Gene Products – We intend to grow our internal asset pipeline consisting of our unique portfolio of immuno-oncology
related technologies, MSC and liver-based therapies and secretome-based therapies.
Distribution – Our plan is to enable the industrialization, commercialization and distribution of POCare systems in major hospitals
and key geographies, including Europe, Asia, North America, and South America.
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Grant Funding
Walloon Region, Belgium, Direction Générale Opérationnelle de l'Economie, de l'Emploi & de la Recherche (“DGO6”)
i. On March 20, 2012, MaSTherCell was awarded an investment grant of Euro 1.2 million from the DGO6. This grant is
related to the investment in the production facility with a coverage of 32% of the investment planned. As of November 30, 2018, the DGO6
transferred to MaSTherCell the entire amount.
ii. On November 17, 2014, the Belgian Subsidiary received the formal approval from the DGO6 for a Euro 2 million
($2.4 million) support program for the research and development of a potential cure for Type 1 Diabetes. The financial support was
composed of a Euro 1,085 thousand (70% of budgeted costs) grant for the industrial research part of the research program and a further
recoverable advance of Euro 930 thousand (60% of budgeted costs) of the experimental development part of the research program. In
December 2014, the Belgian Subsidiary received advance payment of Euro 1,209 thousand under the grant. The grants are partially
refundable subject to certain conditions and are also subject to conditions and restrictions with respect to the Belgian Subsidiary’s work in
the Walloon Region and ownership of results of the research program. In addition, the DGO6 is also entitled to a royalty upon revenue
being generated from any commercial application of the technology. In 2017, the Company received final approval from the DGO6 for
Euro 1.8 million costs invested in the project, out of which Euro 1.2 million founded by the DGO6. As of November 30, 2018, the
Company repaid $34 thousand (Euro 30 thousand) to the DGO6 and $152 thousand was recorded in other payables in the financial
statements.
iii.
In April 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received formal approval from DGO6 for a Euro 1.3 million ($1.5 million)
support program for the development of a potential cure for Type 1 Diabetes. The financial support was awarded to the Belgium Subsidiary
as a recoverable advance payment at 55% of budgeted costs, or for a total of Euro 717 thousand ($800 thousand). The grant will be paid
over the project period. On December 19, 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received advance payment of Euro 359 thousand ($374 thousand).
Up through November 30, 2018, Euro 303 thousand was recorded as a deduction of research and development expenses and $64 thousand
was recorded as advance payments on account of the grant. The grants are partially refundable subject to certain conditions and are also
subject to conditions and restrictions with respect to the Belgian Subsidiary’s work in the Walloon Region and ownership of results of the
research program.
iv. On October 8, 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received formal approval from the DGO6 for a Euro 12.3 million ($12.8
million) support program for the GMP production of AIP cells for two clinical trials that will be performed in Germany and Belgium. The
project will be held during a period of three years that commenced on January 1, 2017. The financial support is awarded to the Belgium
Subsidiary at 55% of budgeted costs, or for a total of Euro 6.8 million ($7 million). The grant will be paid over the project period. On
December 19, 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received a first payment of Euro 1.7 million ($1.8 million). Up through November 30, 2018,
$1.1 million was recorded as a deduction of research and development expenses and $847 thousand was recorded as advance payments on
account of the grant. The grants are partially refundable subject to certain conditions and are also subject to conditions and restrictions with
respect to the Belgian Subsidiary’s work in the Walloon Region and ownership of results of the research program.
Israel-U.S. Binational Industrial Research and Development Foundation (“BIRD”)
On September 9, 2015, the Israeli Subsidiary entered into a pharma Cooperation and Project Funding Agreement (“CPFA”) with
BIRD and Pall Corporation, a U.S. company. BIRD will give a conditional grant of $400 thousand each (according to terms defined in the
agreement), for a joint research and development project for the use of Autologous Insulin Producing (AIP) Cells for the Treatment of
Diabetes (the “BIRD Project”). The BIRD Project started on March 1, 2015. Upon the conclusion of product development, the grant shall
be repaid at the yearly rate of 5% of gross sales. The grant will be used solely to finance the costs to conduct the research of the project
during a period of 18 months starting on March 1, 2015. On July 28, 2016, BIRD approved an extension for the project period until May
31, 2017 and the final report was submitted to BIRD. To date, the Israeli Subsidiary received $200 thousand under the grant. Up through
November 30, 2018, $359 thousand was recorded as a deduction of research and development expenses and $159 thousand was recorded as
a receivable on account of the grant.
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Korea Israel Industrial R&D Foundation (“KORIL”)
On March 14, 2016, the Israel Subsidiary entered into a collaboration agreement with CureCell, initially for the purpose of
applying a grant from KORIL for pre-clinical and clinical activities related to the commercialization of the Israel Subsidiary AIP cell
therapy product in Korea. The parties agreed to carry out at their own expenses and their respective commitments under the work plan
approved by KORIL and any additional work plan to be agreed upon between the Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell. The Israeli Subsidiary
will own sole rights to any intellectual property developed from the collaboration which is derived under the Israeli Subsidiary’s AIP cell
therapy product, information licensed from THM. Subject to obtaining the requisite approval needed to commence commercialization in
Korea, the Israel subsidiary has agreed to grant to CureCell, or a fully owned subsidiary thereof, under a separate sub-license agreement an
exclusive sub-license to the intellectual property underlying the Company’s API product solely for commercialization of the Israel
Subsidiary’s products in Korea. As part of any such license, CureCell has agreed to pay annual license fees, ongoing royalties based on net
sales generated by CureCell and its sublicensees, milestone payments and sublicense fees. Under the agreement, CureCell is entitled to
share in the net profits derived by the Israeli Subsidiary from world-wide sales (except for sales in Korea) of any product developed as a
result of the collaboration with CureCell. Additionally, CureCell was given the first right to obtain exclusive commercialization rights in
Japan of the AIP product, subject to CureCell procuring all the regulatory approvals required for commercialization in Japan. As of
November 30, 2018, none of the requisite regulatory approvals for conducting clinical trials had been obtained.
On May 26, 2016, the Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell entered into a pharma CPFA with KORIL. KORIL will give a conditional
grant of up to $400 thousand each (according to terms defined in the agreement), for a joint research and development project for the use of
AIP Cells for the Treatment of Diabetes (the “KORIL Project”). The KORIL Project started on June 1, 2016. Upon the conclusion of
product development, the grant shall be repaid at the yearly rate of 2.5% of gross sales. The grant will be used solely to finance the costs to
conduct the research of the project during a period of 18 months starting on June 1, 2016. On July 26, 2018, KORIL approved an extension
for the project period until May 31, 2019. As of November 30, 2018, the Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell received $440 thousand under the
grant.
Maryland Technology Development Corporation
On June 30, 2014, the Company’s U.S. Subsidiary entered into a grant agreement with Maryland Technology Development
Corporation (“TEDCO”). TEDCO was created by the Maryland State Legislature in 1998 to facilitate the transfer and commercialization of
technology from Maryland’s research universities and federal labs into the marketplace and to assist in the creation and growth of
technology based businesses in all regions of the State. TEDCO is an independent organization that strives to be Maryland’s lead source for
entrepreneurial business assistance and seed funding for the development of startup companies in Maryland’s innovation economy. TEDCO
administers the Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund to promote State funded stem cell research and cures through financial assistance to
public and private entities within the State. Under the agreement, TEDCO has agreed to give the U.S. Subsidiary an amount not to exceed
approximately $406 thousand (the “Grant”). The Grant will be used solely to finance the costs to conduct the research project entitled
“Autologous Insulin Producing (AIP) Cells for Diabetes” during a period of two years. On June 21, 2016, TEDCO approved an extension
for the project period until June 30, 2017.
On July 22, 2014 and September 21, 2015, the U.S. Subsidiary received an advance payment of $406 thousand on account of the
Grant. Through November 30, 2018, the Company utilized $356 thousand from the grant and recorded it as a deduction of research and
development expenses in the statement of comprehensive loss.
Research and Development
We incurred $7,386 and $3,326 thousand in research and development expenditures in the fiscal years ended November 30, 2018
and 2017, respectively, of which $922 thousand and $848 thousand was covered by grant funding. The increase in research and
development expenses was due to an increase in salaries and related expenses for the year ended November 30, 2018, as compared to 2017
and reflects management’s plan to move our transdifferentiation technology to the next the stage towards clinical studies. In the fiscal year
ended 2018, we focused mainly on setting up infrastructure and regulatory approvals for sourcing of liver tissue and biopsies and combining
the in-vitro research to increase insulin production and secretion with our pre-clinical studies’ aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the
product in animal models. In this respect, new transdifferentiation methods are being evaluated. Sourcing of the starting material (liver
sampling and cell collection) and upscaling of virus production and cell propagation using advance technologies complement this effort
with the target to establish start to end production capabilities. Our research and development scope was also expanded to the evaluation
and development of new cell therapies related technologies in the field of immunoncology, liver pathologies and tissue regeneration.
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Intellectual Property
We will be able to protect our technology and products from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent it is covered by
valid and enforceable claims of our patents or is effectively maintained as trade secrets. Patents and other proprietary rights are thus an
essential element of our business.
Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain proprietary protection for our product candidates,
technology, and know-how, to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others, and to prevent others from infringing it
proprietary rights. Our policy is to seek to protect our proprietary position by, among other methods, filing U.S. and foreign patent
applications related to our proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements that are important to the development of our business. We
also rely on trade secrets, know-how, continuing technological innovation, and in-licensing opportunities to develop and maintain our
proprietary position.
We own or have exclusive rights to ten (10) United States and nineteen (19) foreign issued patents, nine (9) pending applications
in the United States, thirty-two (32) pending applications in foreign jurisdictions, including Europe, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China,
Eurasia, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and Singapore, and four (4) international Patent Cooperation Treaty (“PCT”) patent
applications. These patents and applications relate, among others, to (1) the trans-differentiation of cells (including hepatic cells) to cells
having pancreatic β-cell-like phenotype and function and to their use in the treatment of degenerative pancreatic disorders, including
diabetes, pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis, and (2) scaffolds, including alginate and sulfated alginate scaffolds, polysaccharides thereof,
and scaffolds for use for cell propagation, transdifferentiation, and transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including
diabetes.
Granted U.S. patents, which are directed among others to compositions comprising sulfated polysaccharide bioconjugates,
modified polysaccharides, and epithelial organoids having liver phenotype, will expire between 2025 and 2027, excluding any patent term
extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations. Patents granted in Australia, France, Germany, Israel,
Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, which are directed among others to compositions comprising sulfated polysaccharide bioconjugate,
and to epithelial organoids having liver phenotype, will expire between 2025 and 2027, excluding any patent term extensions that might be
available following the grant of marketing authorizations. Granted U.S. patents, which are directed, among others, to methods of inducing
pancreatic hormone expression, methods of inducing a beta cell phenotype, methods for transdifferentiating cells, and methods of
producing hydrogels, will expire between 2020 and 2035, excluding any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant
of marketing authorizations. Patents granted in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, and the United Kingdom, which are
directed, among others, to methods of inducing pancreatic hormone expression, methods of inducing a beta cell phenotype, and methods of
producing hydrogels, will expire between 2020 and 2024, excluding any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant
of marketing authorizations. A granted U.S. patent which is directed, among others, to components of a bioreactor will expire in 2024,
excluding any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations. Patents granted in Austria,
France, Germany, Israel, and the United Kingdom, which are directed, among others, to components of a bioreactor, will expire in 2024,
excluding any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations.
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We have pending U.S. patent applications directed, among others, to compositions comprising clusters of transdifferentiated cells,
modified polysaccharides, and dermatological compositions. If issued, these applications would expire between 2036 and 2038, excluding
any patent term adjustment that might be available following the grant of the patent and any patent term extensions that might be available
following the grant of marketing authorizations. We have pending patent applications in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Eurasia, Europe,
Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico and Singapore directed, among others, to compositions comprising sulfated polysaccharide
bioconjugates, modified polysaccharides, and multi-compartment hydrogel. If issued, these applications would expire between 2026 and
2036, excluding any patent term adjustment that might be available following the grant of the patent and any patent term extensions that
might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations. We have pending U.S. patent applications directed, among others, to
methods of isolating cells predisposed to transdifferentiation, methods of manufacturing insulin producing cells, and methods for treating
autoimmune diseases. If issued, these applications would expire between 2035 and 2037, excluding any patent term adjustment that might
be available following the grant of the patent and any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing
authorizations. We have pending patent applications in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Eurasia, Europe, Israel, Japan, the Republic of
Korea, Mexico and Singapore directed, among others, to methods of producing transdifferentiated cells having beta cell phenotype,
methods for treating a liver disease, and methods for treating autoimmune disorders. If issued, these applications would expire between
2035 and 2038, excluding any patent term adjustment that might be available following the grant of the patent and any patent term
extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations. We have PCT applications directed, among others, to
compositions comprising clusters of transdifferentiated cells, compositions comprising vascular secretome components, methods of
producing thereof, and methods for treating liver diseases with the compositions thereof. If issued, National Phase applications claiming
benefit of those PCT applications would expire in 2038, excluding any patent term adjustment that might be available following the grant of
the patent and any patent term extensions that might be available following the grant of marketing authorizations.
Government Regulation
We have not sought approval from the FDA for the AIP cells. Among all forms of cell therapy modalities, we believe that
autologous cell replacement therapy is of the highest benefit. We believe that it is safer than other options as it does not alter the host
genome but only alters the set of expressed epigenetic information that seems to be highly specific to the reprogramming protocol. It
provides an abundant source of therapeutic tissue, which is not rejected by the patient and does not have to be treated by immune
suppressants. It is highly ethical because no human organ donations or embryo-derived cells are needed. The proposed therapeutic
approach does not require cell bio-banking at birth, which is both expensive and cannot be used for patients born prior to 2000.
Over the past decade, many studies published in leading scientific journals confirmed the capacity of reprogramming adult cells
from many of our mature organs to either alternate organs or to “stem like cells”. Most widely used autologous cell replacement protocols
are used for autologous implantation of bone marrow stem cells. This protocol is widely used in patients undergoing a massive
chemotherapy session that destroys their bone marrow cells. However, the stem cells used for cancer patients delineated above do not
require extensive manipulation and is regarded by the FDA as “minimally manipulated.”
An additional autologous cell therapy approach already used in man is autologous chondrocyte implantation (“ACI”). In the United
States, Genzyme Corporation provides the only FDA approved ACI treatment called Carticel. The Carticel treatment is designated for
young, healthy patients with medium to large sized damage to cartilage. During an initial procedure, the patient’s own chondrocytes are
removed arthroscopically from a non-load-bearing area from either the intercondylar notch or the superior ridge of the medial or lateral
femoral condyles.
To aid us in our efforts to achieve the highest level of compliance with FDA requirements, we have looked to hire experts in the
field of pharmaceutical compliance.
Regulatory Process in the United States
Our product is subject to regulation as a biological product under the Public Health Service Act and the Food, Drug and Cosmetic
Act. The FDA generally requires the following steps for pre-market approval or licensure of a new biological product:
·
Pre-clinical laboratory and animal tests conducted in compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice, or GLP, requirements to assess
a drug’s biological activity and to identify potential safety problems, and to characterize and document the product’s chemistry,
manufacturing controls, formulation, and stability;
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·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Submission to the FDA of an Investigational New Drug, or IND, application, which must become effective before clinical testing in
humans can start;
Obtaining approval of Institutional Review Boards, or IRBs, of research institutions or other clinical sites to introduce a first human
biologic drug candidate into humans in clinical trials;
Conducting adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the product for its intended
indication conducted in compliance with Good Clinical Practice, or GCP, requirements;
Compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (“cGMP”) regulations and standards;
Submission to the FDA of a Biologics License Application (“BLA”) for marketing that includes adequate results of pre-clinical
testing and clinical trials;
The FDA reviews the marketing application in order to determine, among other things, whether the product is safe, effective and
potent for its intended uses; and
Obtaining FDA approval of the BLA, including inspection and approval of the product manufacturing facility as compliant with
cGMP requirements, prior to any commercial sale or shipment of the pharmaceutical agent. The FDA may also require post
marketing testing and surveillance of approved products or place other conditions on the approvals.
Regulatory Process in Europe
The European Union (“EU”) has approved a regulation specific to cell and tissue therapy product, the Advanced Therapy
Medicinal Product (“ATMP”) regulation. For products such as our AIP cells that are regulated as an ATMP, the EU directive requires:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Compliance with current cGMP regulations and standards, pre-clinical laboratory and animal testing;
Filing a Clinical Trial Application (“CTA”) with the various member states or a centralized procedure;
Voluntary Harmonization Procedure (“VHP”), a procedure which makes it possible to obtain a coordinated assessment of an
application for a clinical trial that is to take place in several European countries;
Obtaining approval of ethic committees of research institutions or other clinical sites to introduce the AIP into humans in clinical
trials;
Adequate and well-controlled clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the product for its intended use;
Submission to EMEA for a Marketing Authorization (“MA”); and
Review and approval of the MAA (“Marketing Authorization Application”).
As in the U.S., prior to the general regulatory process of a new biologic products, we will prosecute an Orphan Drug Designation
for treatment of Patients with Established Diabetes Mellitus (“DM”) Induced by Total pancreatectomy. In the EU, in order to be qualified,
the prevalence must be below 5 per 10,000 of the EU population, except where the expected return on investment is insufficient to justify
the investment.
Authorized orphan medicines benefit from 10 years of protection from market competition with similar medicines with similar
indications once they are approved. Companies applying for designated orphan medicines pay reduced fees for regulatory activities. This
includes reduced fees for protocol assistance, marketing-authorization applications, inspections before authorization, applications for
changes to marketing authorizations made after approval, and reduced annual fees.
Clinical Trials
Typically, both in the U.S. and the EU, clinical testing involves a three-phase process, although the phases may overlap. In Phase
I, clinical trials are conducted with a small number of healthy volunteers or patients and are designed to provide information about product
safety and to evaluate the pattern of drug distribution and metabolism within the body. In Phase II, clinical trials are conducted with groups
of patients afflicted with a specific disease in order to determine preliminary efficacy, optimal dosages and expanded evidence of safety. In
some cases, an initial trial is conducted in diseased patients to assess both preliminary efficacy and preliminary safety and patterns of drug
metabolism and distribution, in which case it is referred to as a Phase I/II trial. Phase III clinical trials are generally large-scale, multi-
center, comparative trials conducted with patients afflicted with a target disease in order to provide statistically valid proof of efficacy, as
well as safety and potency. In some circumstances, the FDA or EMA may require Phase IV or post-marketing trials if it feels that
additional information needs to be collected about the drug after it is on the market. During all phases of clinical development, regulatory
agencies require extensive monitoring and auditing of all clinical activities, clinical data, as well as clinical trial investigators. An agency
may, at its discretion, re-evaluate, alter, suspend, or terminate the testing based upon the data that have been accumulated to that point and
its assessment of the risk/benefit ratio to the patient. Monitoring all aspects of the study to minimize risks is a continuing process. All
adverse events must be reported to the FDA or EMA.
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Employees
As of November 30, 2018, we had an aggregate of 231 employees working at our Company and subsidiaries. In addition, we retain
the services of outside consultants for various functions including clinical work, finance, accounting and business development services.
Most of our senior management and professional employees have had prior experience in pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies.
None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that we have good relations with our employees.
Subsidiaries
Orgenesis Inc. is a Nevada corporation, and our subsidiaries currently consist of Masthercell Global Inc., a Delaware corporation
(“Masthercell Global”), Orgenesis SPRL, a Belgian-based entity (the “Belgian Subsidiary ”), Orgenesis Ltd., an Israeli corporation (the
“Israeli Subsidiary”), and Orgenesis Maryland Inc., a Maryland corporation. Masthercell Global’s wholly-owned subsidiaries include
MaSTherCell S.A. (“MaSTherCell”), a Belgian-based entity, Cell Therapy Holdings S.A., a Belgian-based entity, Masthercell U.S., LLC, a
U.S.-based entity, Atvio Biotech Ltd. (“Atvio”), an Israeli-based CDMO, and CureCell Co. Ltd. (“CureCell”), a Korea-based CDMO
(Orgenesis owned 94.12% of CureCell which was consolidated into Masthercell Global).
The corporate organization diagram below shows how we classify each subsidiary and each joint venture partner between its two
business units:
Corporate and Available Information
Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those
reports are available free of charge though our website (http://www.orgenesis.com) as soon as practicable after such material is
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Except as otherwise stated in these
documents, the information contained on our website or available by hyperlink from our website is not incorporated by reference into this
report or any other documents we file, with or furnish to, the SEC.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves a number of very significant risks. You should carefully consider the following
risks and uncertainties in addition to other information in this report in evaluating our company and its business before purchasing shares of
our company’s common stock. Our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed due to any of the
following risks. You could lose all or part of your investment due to any of these risks.
Risks Related to Our Company and Business
We will need to raise capital in order to realize our business plan, the failure of which could adversely impact our
operations.
Although we currently have sufficient capital resources for the next 12 months, without adequate funding or a significant increase
in revenues, we may not be able to expand our global CDMO network, establish additional CDMO facilities in the United States or other
parts of the world, implement our POCare therapy business, seek out strategic CDMO acquisitions, commence clinical trials for our
diabetes solution or respond to competitive pressures. As of November 30, 2018, we had available cash resources of $16.1 million.
Overall, we have funded our cash needs from inception through the date hereof with a series of debt and equity transactions, grants
from governmental agencies and, more recently, through cash flow from our revenue generating operations from Masthercell Global.
We expect to continue to finance our operations, acquisitions and develop strategic relationships, primarily by issuing equity or
convertible debt securities, which could significantly reduce the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders. Furthermore, any
newly issued securities could have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our existing common stock. Moreover, any issuances
by us of equity securities may be at or below the prevailing market price of our common stock and in any event may have a dilutive impact
on your ownership interest, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. We may also issue securities in one or
more of our subsidiaries, and these securities may have rights or privileges senior to those of our common stock.
We may have difficulty obtaining additional funds as and when needed, and we may have to accept terms that would adversely
affect our stockholders. In addition, any adverse conditions in the credit and equity markets may adversely affect our ability to raise funds
when needed. Any failure to achieve adequate funding will delay our development programs and product launches and could lead to
abandonment of one or more of our development initiatives, as well as prevent us from responding to competitive pressures or take
advantage of unanticipated acquisition opportunities. Any additional equity financing will likely be dilutive to stockholders, and certain
types of equity financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants or other provisions that would limit how we conduct our business
or finance our operations.
We are not profitable as of November 30, 2018, have limited cash flow and, unless we increase revenues and cash flow or
raise additional capital, we may be unable to take advantage of any commercial opportunities that arise or expand CDMO
operations, all of which could adversely impact us.
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018 and as of the date of this report, we assessed our financial condition and concluded
that we have sufficient resources for the next 12 months from the date of the report. Our auditor’s report for the year ended November 30,
2018 does not include a going concern opinion on the matter. However, management is still required to assess our ability to continue as a
going concern. We had a net loss of $19.1 million for the year ended November 30, 2018. During the same period, cash used in operations
was $15.7 million, the working capital surplus and accumulated deficit as of November 30, 2018 were $13.2 million and $62.4 million,
respectively. Management is unable to predict if and when we will be able to generate significant positive cash flow or achieve profitability.
Our plan regarding these matters is to strengthen our revenues and continue improving the net results in the CDMO segment and to raise
additional equity financing to allow us the ability to cover our cash flow requirements into fiscal year 2019. There can be no assurances
that we will be successful in increasing revenues, improving CDMO segment results or that financing will be available or, if available, that
such financing will be available under favorable terms. In the event that we are unable to generate adequate revenues to cover expenses and
cannot obtain additional financing into fiscal year 2019, we may need to cut back or curtail our expansion plans.
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We will need to grow the size and capabilities of our organization, and we may experience difficulties in managing this
growth.
As of November 30, 2018, we had 231 employees. As our development and commercialization plans and strategies develop, we
must add a significant number of additional managerial, operational, sales, marketing, financial, and other personnel. Future growth will
impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including:
·
·
·
identifying, recruiting, integrating, maintaining, and motivating additional employees;
managing our internal development efforts effectively, including the clinical and FDA review process for our product candidates,
while complying with our contractual obligations to contractors and other third parties; and
improving our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems, and procedures.
Our future financial performance and our ability to commercialize our product candidates will depend, in part, on our ability to
effectively manage any future growth, and our management may also have to divert a disproportionate amount of its attention away from
day-to-day activities in order to devote a substantial amount of time to managing these growth activities. This lack of long-term experience
working together may adversely impact our senior management team’s ability to effectively manage our business and growth.
We currently rely, and for the foreseeable future will continue to rely, in substantial part on certain independent organizations,
advisors and consultants to provide certain services. There can be no assurance that the services of these independent organizations,
advisors and consultants will continue to be available to us on a timely basis when needed, or that we can find qualified replacements. In
addition, if we are unable to effectively manage our outsourced activities or if the quality or accuracy of the services provided by
consultants is compromised for any reason, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed, or terminated, and we may not be able to obtain
regulatory approval of our product candidates or otherwise advance our business. There can be no assurance that we will be able to manage
our existing consultants or find other competent outside contractors and consultants on economically reasonable terms, if at all. If we are
not able to effectively expand our organization by hiring new employees and expanding our groups of consultants and contractors, we may
not be able to successfully implement the tasks necessary to further develop and commercialize our product candidates and, accordingly,
may not achieve our research, development, and commercialization goals.
We depend on key personnel who would be difficult to replace, and our business plans will likely be harmed if we lose their
services or cannot hire additional qualified personnel.
Our success depends substantially on the efforts and abilities of our senior management and certain key personnel. The
competition for qualified management and key personnel, especially engineers, is intense. The loss of services of one or more of our key
employees, or the inability to hire, train, and retain key personnel, especially engineers and technical support personnel, could delay the
development and sale of our products, disrupt our business, and interfere with our ability to execute our business plan.
Currency exchange fluctuations may impact the results of our operations.
The provision of services by our subsidiary, Masthercell Global, are usually transacted in U.S. dollars and European currencies.
Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates in both sourcing and selling locations. Although we enter
into foreign currency exchange forward contracts from time to time to reduce our risk related to currency exchange fluctuation, our results
of operations may still be impacted by foreign currency exchange rates, primarily, the euro-to-U.S. dollar exchange rate. In recent years, the
euro-to-U.S. dollar exchange rate has been subject to substantial volatility which may continue, particularly in light of recent political events
regarding the European Union, or EU. Because we do not hedge against all of our foreign currency exposure, our business will continue to
be susceptible to foreign currency fluctuations.
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We have entered into collaborations and may form or seek collaborations or strategic alliances or enter into additional
licensing arrangements in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such alliances or licensing arrangements.
We may form or seek strategic alliances, create joint ventures or collaborations, or enter into additional licensing arrangements
with third parties that we believe will complement or augment our development and commercialization efforts with respect to our product
candidates and any future product candidates that we may develop. Any of these relationships may require us to incur non-recurring and
other charges, increase our near and long-term expenditures, issue securities that dilute our existing stockholders, or disrupt our
management and business. In addition, we face significant competition in seeking appropriate strategic partners for which the negotiation
process is time-consuming and complex. Moreover, we may not be successful in our efforts to establish a strategic partnership or other
alternative arrangements for our product candidates because they may be deemed to be at too early of a stage of development for
collaborative effort and third parties may not view our product candidates as having the requisite potential to demonstrate safety and
efficacy. Further, collaborations involving our product candidates, such as our collaborations with third-party research institutions, are
subject to numerous risks, which may include the following:
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collaborators have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to a collaboration;
collaborators may not pursue development and commercialization of our product candidates or may elect not to continue or renew
development or commercialization programs based on clinical trial results, changes in their strategic focus due to the acquisition of
competitive products, availability of funding, or other external factors, such as a business combination that diverts resources or
creates competing priorities;
collaborators may delay clinical trials, provide insufficient funding for a clinical trial, stop a clinical trial, abandon a product
candidate, repeat or conduct new clinical trials, or require a new formulation of a product candidate for clinical testing;
collaborators could independently develop, or develop with third parties, products that compete directly or indirectly with our
products or product candidates;
a collaborator with marketing and distribution rights to one or more products may not commit sufficient resources to their marketing
and distribution;
collaborators may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our intellectual property or proprietary
information in a way that gives rise to actual or threatened litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property or
proprietary information or expose us to potential liability;
disputes may arise between us and a collaborator that cause the delay or termination of the research, development or
commercialization of our product candidates, or that result in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and
resources;
collaborations may be terminated and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or
commercialization of the applicable product candidates; and
collaborators may own or co-own intellectual property covering our products that results from our collaborating with them and, in
such cases, we would not have the exclusive right to commercialize such intellectual property.
As a result, if we enter into collaboration agreements and strategic partnerships or license our products or businesses, we may not
be able to realize the benefit of such transactions if we are unable to successfully integrate them with our existing operations and company
culture, which could delay our timelines or otherwise adversely affect our business. We also cannot be certain that, following a strategic
transaction or license, we will achieve the revenue or specific net income that justifies such transaction. Any delays in entering into new
collaborations or strategic partnership agreements related to our product candidates could delay the development and commercialization of
our product candidates in certain geographies for certain indications, which would harm our business prospects, financial condition, and
results of operations.
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Our success depends on our ability to protect our intellectual property and our proprietary technologies.
Our commercial success depends in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection and trade secret protection for our
product candidates, proprietary technologies, and their uses as well as our ability to operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights
of others. We can provide no assurance that our patent applications or those of our licensors will result in additional patents being issued or
that issued patents will afford sufficient protection against competitors with similar technologies, nor can there be any assurance that the
patents issued will not be infringed, designed around or invalidated by third parties. Even issued patents may later be found unenforceable
or may be modified or revoked in proceedings instituted by third parties before various patent offices or in courts. The degree of future
protection for our proprietary rights is uncertain. Only limited protection may be available and may not adequately protect our rights or
permit us to gain or keep any competitive advantage. Composition-of-matter patents on the biological or chemical active pharmaceutical
ingredients are generally considered to offer the strongest protection of intellectual property and provide the broadest scope of patent
protection for pharmaceutical products, as such patents provide protection without regard to any method of use or any method of
manufacturing. While we have an issued patent in the United States with a claim for a composition directed to a vector comprising a
promoter linked to a pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) polypeptide, and a carrier, we cannot be certain that the claim in our
issued patent will not be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged. We cannot be certain that the claims in our issued United States
methods of use patents will not be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged. We cannot be certain that the pending applications
covering composition-of-matter of our transdifferentiated cell populations will be considered patentable by the United States Patent and
Trademark Office (USPTO), and courts in the United States or by the patent offices and courts in foreign countries, nor can we be certain
that the claims in our issued patents will not be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged. Even if our patent applications covering
populations of transdifferentiated cells issue as patents, the patents protect a specific transdifferentiated cell product and may not be
enforced against competitors making and marketing a product that has the same activity. Method-of-use patents protect the use of a product
for the specified method or for treatment of a particular indication. This type of patents may not be enforced against competitors making
and marketing a product that has cells that may provide the same activity but is used for a method not included in the patent. Moreover,
even if competitors do not actively promote their product for our targeted indications, physicians may prescribe these products “off-label.”
Although off-label prescriptions may infringe or contribute to the infringement of method-of-use patents, the practice is common and such
infringement is difficult to prevent or prosecute.
We have exclusive rights to ten (10) United States (US) patents, one (1) of which is directed, among others, to a composition
comprising a vector comprising a promoter linked to PDX-1 and having a term of 2021, three (3) having a term of 2023 and directed,
among others, to methods of inducing endogenous PDX-1 expression in a human differentiated primary non-pancreatic cell, inducing or
enhancing a pancreatic islet cell phenotype in non-pancreatic cells, and increasing PDX-1 induction in non-pancreatic primary cells; one (1)
having a term of 2024 and directed, among others, to components of a bioreactor; two (2) having a term of 2026 and directed, among
others, to a bioconjugate molecules comprising a sulfated polysaccharide; one (1) having a term of 2027 and directed, among others, to an
epithelial organoid; one (1) having a term of 2033 and directed, among others, to methods for producing scaffolds; and one (1) having a
term of 2034 and directed, among others, to methods for producing transdifferentiated cells. Further, we have exclusive rights to nineteen
(19) foreign issued patents (six (6) patents granted in Australia, France, Germany, Israel, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, having a
term between 2025 and 2027, directed among others to compositions comprising sulfated polysaccharide bioconjugate, and to epithelial
organoids having liver phenotype; eight (8) patents granted in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, and the United Kingdom,
having a term between 2020 and 2024, and directed among others to methods of inducing pancreatic hormone expression, methods of
inducing a beta cell phenotype, and methods of producing hydrogel; and five (5) patents granted in Austria, France, Germany, Israel, and
the United Kingdom, having a term of 2024 and directed among others to components of a bioreactor. We also have nine (9) pending
applications in the United States, which if granted would have a term of 2036-2038; thirty two (32) pending applications in foreign
jurisdictions, including Europe, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China , Eurasia, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and Singapore, which if
they were to be granted would have a term of 2026-2036; and four (4) International Patent Cooperation Treaty (“PCT”) patent applications,
which if filed and granted as national phase applications would have a term of 2028. These pending applications are directed, among
others, to the trans-differentiation of cells (including hepatic cells) to cells having pancreatic β-cell phenotype and function, and their use in
the treatment of degenerative pancreatic disorders including diabetes, pancreatic cancer, and pancreatitis; and to scaffolds, including
alginate and sulfated alginate scaffolds, polysaccharides thereof, and scaffolds for use for cell propagation, transdifferentiation, and
transplantation in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including diabetes.
The patent application process is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, and there can be no assurance that we or any of our
future development partners will be successful in protecting our product candidates by obtaining and defending patents. These risks and
uncertainties include the following:
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the USPTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee
payment and other provisions during the patent process. There are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or
lapse of a patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. In such an
event, competitors might be able to enter the market earlier than would otherwise have been the case;
patent applications may not result in any patents being issued;
patents that may be issued or in-licensed may be challenged, invalidated, modified, revoked, circumvented, found to be
unenforceable or otherwise may not provide any competitive advantage;
our competitors, many of whom have substantially greater resources and many of whom have made significant investments in
competing technologies, may seek or may have already obtained patents that will limit, interfere with or eliminate our ability to
make, use, and sell our potential product candidates;
there may be significant pressure on the U.S. government and international governmental bodies to limit the scope of patent
protection both inside and outside the United States for disease treatments that prove successful, as a matter of public policy
regarding worldwide health concerns; and
countries other than the United States may have patent laws less favorable to patentees than those upheld by U.S. courts, allowing
foreign competitors a better opportunity to create, develop and market competing product candidates.
In addition, we rely on the protection of our trade secrets and proprietary know-how. Although we have taken steps to protect our
trade secrets and unpatented know-how, including entering into confidentiality agreements with third parties, and confidential information
and inventions agreements with employees, consultants and advisors, we cannot provide any assurances that all such agreements have been
duly executed, and third parties may still obtain this information or may come upon this or similar information independently. Additionally,
if the steps taken to maintain our trade secrets are deemed inadequate, we may have insufficient recourse against third parties for
misappropriating its trade secrets. If any of these events occurs or if we otherwise lose protection for our trade secrets or proprietary know-
how, our business may be harmed.
If product liability lawsuits are brought against us, we may incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit
commercialization of our product candidates.
We face an inherent risk of product liability as a result of the clinical testing of our product candidates and will face an even
greater risk if we commercialize any products. For example, we may be sued if our product candidates cause or are perceived to cause
injury or are found to be otherwise unsuitable during clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale. Any such product liability claims
may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product, negligence, strict
liability or a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection acts. If we cannot successfully defend
ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our product
candidates. Even a successful defense would require significant financial and management resources. Regardless of the merits or eventual
outcome, liability claims may result in:
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decreased demand for our products;
injury to our reputation;
withdrawal of clinical trial participants and inability to continue clinical trials;
initiation of investigations by regulators;
costs to defend the related litigation;
a diversion of management’s time and our resources;
substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients;
product recalls, withdrawals or labeling, marketing or promotional restrictions;
loss of revenue;
exhaustion of any available insurance and our capital resources;
the inability to commercialize any product candidate; and
a decline in our share price.
Because our products have not reached clinical or commercial stage, we do not currently carry clinical trial or product liability
insurance. In the future, our inability to obtain sufficient product liability insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential product
liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of products we develop, alone or with collaborators. Such insurance policies
may also have various exclusions, and we may be subject to a product liability claim for which we have no coverage.
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It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment against us, our officers and directors and the foreign persons named in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K in the United States or in foreign countries , or to assert U.S. securities laws claims in foreign
countries or serve process on our officers and directors and these experts.
While we are incorporated in the State of Nevada, currently a majority of our directors and executive officers are not residents of
the United States, and the foreign persons named in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are located in Israel and Belgium. The majority of
our assets are located outside the United States. Therefore, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to enforce a
U.S. court judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us or any of these persons in a U.S.
or foreign court, or to effect service of process upon these persons in the United States. Additionally, it may be difficult for an investor, or
any other person or entity, to assert U.S. securities law claims in original actions instituted in foreign countries in which we operate. Foreign
courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a violation of U.S. securities laws on the grounds that foreign countries are not necessary the
most appropriate forum in which to bring such a claim. Even if a foreign court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that foreign law and
not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact,
which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by foreign countries law. There is
little binding case law in foreign countries addressing the matters described above.
Risks Related to Our CDMO Business
While there is an increasing number of product candidates in clinical trials with a smaller number that have reached
commercial production, cell therapy is a developing industry and a significant global market for manufacturing services may never
emerge.
Cell therapy is in its early stages and is still a developing area of research, with few cell therapy products approved for clinical use.
Many of the existing cellular therapy candidates are based on novel cell technologies that are inherently risky and may not be understood or
accepted by the marketplace, making it difficult for their own funding to enable them to continue their business. In addition to providing in-
house process development and manufacturing expertise for our own product candidates in development, Masthercell Global provides
development and manufacturing of cell and tissue-based therapeutic products in clinical and pre-clinical trials. The number of people who
may use cell or tissue-based therapies, and the demand for cell processing services, is difficult to forecast. If cell therapies under
development by us or by others to treat disease are not proven safe and effective, demonstrate unacceptable risks or side effects or, where
required, fail to receive regulatory approval, our manufacturing business will be significantly impaired. While the therapeutic application of
cells to treat serious diseases is currently being explored by a number of companies, to date there are only a handful of approved cell
therapy products in the U.S. Ultimately, our success in deriving revenue from manufacturing depends on the development and growth of a
broad and profitable global market for cell-, gene- and tissue-based therapies and services and our ability to capture a share of this market
through our global CDMO network.
Masthercell Global's revenues may vary dramatically change from period to period making it difficult to forecast future
results.
Masthercell Global (which includes our CDMO subsidiaries) (“Masthercell” or “Masthercell Global”) recorded revenues of
approximately $22 million for the year ended November 30, 2018, representing an increase of 92% over the same period last year. The
nature and duration of Masthercell’s contracts with customers often involve regular renegotiation of the scope, level and price of the
services we are providing. If our customers reduce the level of their spending on research and development or are unsuccessful in attaining
or retaining product sales due to market conditions, reimbursement issues or other factors, our results of operations may be materially
impacted. In addition, other factors, including the rate of enrollment for clinical studies, will directly impact the level and timing of the
products and services we deliver. As such, the levels of our revenues and profitability can fluctuate significantly from one period to another
and it can be difficult to forecast the level of future revenues with any certainty. Furthermore, a dramatic change in our future revenue may
result an impairment of our goodwill.
The loss of one or more of MaSTherCell’s major clients or a decline in demand from one or more of these clients could
harm MaSTherCell’s business.
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MaSTherCell has a limited number of major clients that together account for a large percentage of the total revenues earned. Over
the past year, MaSTherCell has increased its client portfolio and diversified source of revenues, but there can be no assurance that such
clients will continue to use MaSTherCell’s services at the same level or at all. A reduction or delay in the use of MaSTherCell’s services,
including reductions or delays due to market, economic or competitive conditions, could have a material adverse effect on MaSTherCell’s
business, operating results and financial condition.
MaSTherCell’s business is subject to risks associated with a single manufacturing facility.
The majority of Masthercell Global’s contract manufacturing services are from MaSTherCell S.A., our Belgian subsidiary and are
dependent upon its single fully operational facility located in Gosselies (Belgium). A catastrophic loss of the use of all or a portion of the
manufacturing facility due to accident, fire, explosion, labor issues, weather conditions, other natural disaster or otherwise, whether short
or long-term, could have a material adverse effect on MaSTherCell’s customer relationships and financial results. While its global network
partners offer alternative manufacturing sites as part of a disaster recovery plan, this may require it to invest significant time and effort in
tech transfer.
If MaSTherCell loses electrical power at its manufacturing facility, its business operations may be adversely affected.
If MaSTherCell loses electrical power at its manufacturing facility for more than a few hours, MaSTherCell would be unable to
continue its manufacturing operations for an extended period of time. Additionally, MaSTherCell does not have an alternative
manufacturing location located nearby. While MaSTherCell implemented remediation measures to address this risk by setting up a back-up
generator allowing it to provide for its manufacturing power consumption needs for a few hours and by being granted a priority access to
power in case of global power outage, in the industrial park in Belgium where its premises are located, these measures may not prevent a
significant disruption in MaSTherCell’s manufacturing operations which could materially and adversely affect its business operations
during an extended period of power outage.
The logistics associated with the distribution of materials produced by MaSTherCell for third parties and for us are
significant, complex and expensive and may negatively impact our ability to generate and meet future demand for our products and
improve profitability.
Current cell therapy products and product candidates have a limited shelf life, in certain instances limited to less than 12 hours.
Thus, it is necessary to minimize the amount of time between when the cell product is extracted from a patient, arrives at our facility for
processing, and is returned for infusion in the patient. To do so, we need our cell therapy facilities to be located in major population centers
in which patients are likely to be located and within close proximity of major airports. In the future, it may be necessary to build new
facilities or invest into new technologies enabling final formulation at point of care, which would require a significant commitment of
capital and may not then be available to us. Even if we are able to establish such new facilities or technologies, we may experience
challenges in ensuring that they are compliant with cGMP standards, EMEA requirements, and/or applicable state or local regulations. We
cannot be certain that we would be able to recoup the costs of establishing a facility in a given market. Given these risks, we could choose
not to expand our cell processing and manufacturing services into new geographic markets which will limit our future growth prospects.
Product liability and uninsured risks may adversely affect MaSTherCell’s continuing operations and damage its
reputation.
MaSTherCell operates in an industry susceptible to significant product liability claims. MaSTherCell may be liable if it
manufactures any product that causes injury, illness, or death for intentional or gross fault on its part. In addition, product liability claims
may be brought against MaSTherCell’s clients, in which case MaSTherCell’s clients or others may seek contribution from MaSTherCell if
they incur any loss or expenses related to such claims. These claims may be brought by individuals seeking relief or by groups seeking to
represent a class. While MaSTherCell’s liability may be limited to instances where it was grossly negligent, nonetheless, the defense of
such claims may be costly and time-consuming and could divert the attention of MaSTherCell’s management and technical personnel.
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A breakdown or breach of MaSTherCell’s information technology systems could subject MaSTherCell to liability.
MaSTherCell relies upon its information technology systems and infrastructure for its business. The size and complexity of
MaSTherCell’s computer systems make it potentially vulnerable to breakdown and unauthorized intrusion. MaSTherCell could also
experience a business interruption, theft of confidential information, or reputational damage from industrial espionage attacks, malware or
other cyber-attacks, which may compromise MaSTherCell’s system infrastructure or lead to data leakage, either internally or at
MaSTherCell’s third-party providers.
Similarly, data privacy breaches by those who access MaSTherCell’s systems may pose a risk that sensitive data, including
intellectual property, trade secrets or personal information belonging to MaSTherCell or its employees, clients or other business partners,
may be exposed to unauthorized persons or to the public. Even if MaSTherCell runs regular IT security audits by third-parties, there can be
no assurance that MaSTherCell’s efforts to protect its data and information technology systems will prevent breakdowns or breaches in
MaSTherCell’s systems that could adversely affect its business and result in financial and reputational harm to MaSTherCell.
We face competition from other third party contact manufacturers, as well as more general competition from companies
and academic and research institutions that may choose to self-manufacture rather than utilize a contract manufacturer.
We face competition from companies that are large, well-established manufacturers with financial, technical, research and
development and sales and marketing resources that are significantly greater than those that we currently possess. In addition, certain of our
leading competitors, such as Lonza Group, WuXi AppTec and PCT have international capabilities that we do not currently possess though
we are pursuing.
More generally, we face competition inherent in any third-party manufacturer’s business - namely, that potential customers may
instead elect to invest in their own facilities and infrastructure, affording them greater control over their products and the hope of long-term
cost savings compared to a third party contract manufacturer. To be successful, we will need to convince potential customers that our
current and expanding capabilities are more innovative, of higher-quality and more cost-effective than could be achieved through internal
manufacturing and that our experience and quality manufacturing and process development expertise are unique in the industry. Our ability
to achieve this and to successfully compete against other manufacturers will depend, in large part, on our success in developing
technologies that improve both the quality and profitability associated with cell therapy manufacturing. If we are unable to successfully
compete against other manufacturers, we may not be able to develop our CDMO business plans which may harm our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our CDMO business, and it may
require us to substantially invest in our development, manufacturing and distribution capabilities and may negatively impact our
ability to generate and meet future demand for our products and improve profitability.
Although we seek to conduct our business in compliance with applicable governmental healthcare laws and regulations, these laws
and regulations are exceedingly complex and often subject to varying interpretations. The cell therapy industry is the topic of significant
government interest, and thus the laws and regulations applicable to our business are subject to frequent change and/or reinterpretation. As
such, there can be no assurance that we will be able, or will have the resources, to maintain compliance with all such healthcare laws and
regulations. Failure to comply with such healthcare laws and regulations could result in significant enforcement actions, civil or criminal
penalties, which along with the costs associated with such compliance or with enforcement of such healthcare laws and regulations, may
have a material adverse effect on our operations or may require restructuring of our operations or impair our ability to operate profitably.
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Joint-venture partnerships integration into our global CDMO network would be subject to various risks and uncertainties
and may involve significant time and attention, all of which could disrupt or adversely affect our business and harm our
reputation.
We need our cell therapy facilities to be located in major population centers in which patients are likely to be located and within
close proximity of major airports. To do so, we intend to build up a global CDMO network partnership offering alternative manufacturing
sites for our third-party clients currently operating out of Belgium, Korea and Israel. The failure to provide harmonized manufacturing
quality standards between the current and any future sites to our clients and compliance with local regulatory agencies requirements could
have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, operating results and financial condition.
We are highly dependent on our key personnel, and if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining highly
qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.
Our ability to compete in the highly competitive biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries depends upon our ability to attract,
motivate and retain highly qualified managerial, scientific and medical personnel. We are highly dependent on our management and on our
trained staff turnover. If the staff turnover increases, it could result in additional hiring and training expenses, potentially delays in product
development and manufacturing and harm our business and our growth. Competition for skilled personnel is intense and the turnover rate
can be high, which may limit our ability to hire and retain highly qualified personnel on acceptable terms or at all.
To induce valuable employees to remain at our company, in addition to salary and cash incentives, we have provided stock option
grants that vest over time. The value to employees of these equity grants that vest over time may be significantly affected by movements in
our stock price that are beyond our control and may at any time be insufficient to counteract more lucrative offers from other companies.
Although we have employment agreements with our key employees, some of these employment agreements provide for at-will
employment, which means that any of our employees could leave our employment at any time, with or without notice. We do not maintain
“key man” insurance policies on the lives of all of these individuals or the lives of any of our other employees.
Masthercell Global may not receive the future payments pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement with GPP-II.
The purchase price for the Masthercell Global Preferred Stock was up to $25 million, subject to certain adjustments, of which
$11.8 million was paid in cash at closing. The Stock Purchase Agreement also requires GPP-II to make up to two additional payments to
Masthercell Global if certain specified EBITDA (as defined in the Stock Purchase Agreement) and revenue targets are satisfied by
Masthercell Global during each of years 2018 and 2019. For each of those fiscal years in which such specified EBITDA and revenue targets
are satisfied by Masthercell Global, GPP-II will be obligated to pay an additional $6.6 million, subject to adjustment, to Masthercell Global
shortly after the end of that fiscal year.
To earn such contingent payment for the 2018 fiscal year, Masthercell Global must have (i) during any twelve month period
ending on or prior to December 31, 2018, generated Net Revenue equal to or greater than €14,100,000 and EBITDA equal to or greater than
€1,800,000, and (ii) by December 31, 2018, obtained stockholder approval of the Stockholders’ Agreement Terms in accordance with law
the and in a manner that will ensure that GPP-II is able to exercise its rights under the Stockholders’ Agreement without any further action
or approval by GPP-II, us, our stockholders, or any other person, which includes the stockholder approval sought in our proxy statement for
our annual meeting of stockholders (“Proper Approval”). In satisfaction of these conditions, Masthercell Global achieved the specified
EBITDA and revenues targets in 2018 as described in the SPA and received $6,600,000 of the Future Payments on January 16, 2019 and
received approval from the requisite shareholders on October 23, 2018.
To earn such contingent payment for the 2019 fiscal year, Masthercell Global must (i) during any twelve-month period ending on
or prior to December 31, 2019, generate Net Revenue equal to or greater than €19,100,000 and EBITDA equal to or greater than
€3,900,000, and (ii) by December 31, 2019, obtain Proper Approval, if not already obtained. Accordingly, if our stockholders do not
approve the Stockholders’ Agreement Terms and do not meet the applicable Net Revenue and EBITDA targets, Masthercell Global will not
be eligible to receive the future payments. In addition, in such event, GPP-II will obtain the right to put to us (or, at our discretion, to
Masthercell Global if Masthercell Global shall then have the funds available to consummate the transaction) its shares in Masthercell
Global.
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GPP-II may force the sale of Masthercell Global which may result in GPP-II receiving a greater value than the Company
and its shareholders.
At any time following the earlier to occur of (i) after June 28, 2020 or (ii) Masthercell Global’s failure to generate positive
EBITDA for any twelve (12) month period as determined on a quarterly basis prior to June 28, 2020 or its failure to generate at least
$1,000,000 of EBITDA during any such twelve (12) month period after June 28, 2020 (collectively, a “Material Underperformance
Event”), GPP-II has the right, in its sole discretion, to approve and force the sale of Masthercell Global. While we have the right of first
refusal with respect to acquiring Masthercell Global in its entirety, if GPP-II elects to exercise such a right and if we are not in the position
to acquire Masthercell Global, GPP-II may cause the sale of Masthercell Global to any third party on terms GPP-II approves on an arm’s
length basis and subject to the receipt of a fairness opinion. If this occurs, we are contractually obligated to approve such a sale and execute
any documents as required by GPP-II. We must also share in any costs and expenses relating to such a sale on a pro rata basis. Based on
this, there may be a situation where GPP-II approves a sale that is more valuable or beneficial to GPP-II than to our Company and our
shareholders, and we will not be able to prevent such a transaction. A sale of Masthercell Global could have impacts to the CDMO
activities of Orgenesis as conducted through Masthercell Global and to Orgenesis’ overall value as a whole.
GPP-II may, under certain circumstances, assume control of the Board of Directors of our subsidiary, Masthercell Global,
which would result in our inability to control and direct the activities of such subsidiary.
Currently, the Board of Directors of Masthercell Global is comprised of seven (7) directors, four (4) of whom are appointed by us
(one of whom must be an industry expert (the “Industry Expert Director”)) and three (3) of whom are appointed by GPP-II. In the event the
Industry Expert Director is removed or replaced without the prior written approval of GPP-II, or a Material Underperformance Event has
occurred after June 28, 2020, GPP-II has the right to increase the size of the Board of Directors of Masthercell Global and appoint
additional directors to fill such vacancies so that GPP-II appointments represent a majority of the directors. If this were to occur, GPP-II
would control the Board of Directors of Masthercell Global and will be entitled to direct its activities and approve any transactions of
Masthercell Global, even if such transactions provide greater value to GPP-II than they do to Orgenesis and its stockholders. This lack of
control could diminish the value of Masthercell Global as it relates to Orgenesis’ overall activity and significantly impact CDMO activities
of Orgenesis as conducted through Masthercell Global.
GPP-II has the right to buy our shares in Masthercell Global upon the occurrence of certain events resulting in Orgenesis
not holding any shares in Masthercell Global.
GPP-II has the right to purchase all of the shares of stock we hold in Masthercell Global if any of the following occurs: (i) there is
an Activist Shareholder (as defined in the Stockholders’ Agreement) of the Company; (ii) the Chief Executive Officer and/or Chairman of
the Board of Directors of the Company is replaced prior to June 28, 2023; (iii) there is a Change of Control (as defined in the Stockholders’
Agreement) of the Company; or (iv) the Industry Expert Director is removed or replaced without the prior written consent of GPP-II. If any
of these events occur, GPP-II, upon notice to the Company, can force the Company to sell all of the securities it holds in Masthercell
Global to GPP-II based upon a valuation of Masthercell Global to be determined by one of the top ten (10) independent third-party
accounting firms in the United States with experience in performing valuations as selected by GPP-II. This right of GPP-II expires if GPP-
II fails to exercise this right within three (3) years from the first occurrence of any of the events listed above. In the event GPP-II does
exercise its right following the occurrence of any such event, Orgenesis shall cease to be a stockholder of Masthercell Global and will no
longer derive any benefits from this subsidiary or its activities. This would also affect the CDMO activities being conducted by Orgenesis
through Masthercell Global.
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GPP-II has the right to effectuate a spin-off of our subsidiary, Masthercell Global
In addition to the other rights GPP-II has obtained under the Stockholders’ Agreement, GPP-II also has the right to effectuate a
spin-off of Masthercell Global upon the earlier to occur of: (i) any of the four events listed in the section above or (ii) ninety (90) days after
GPP-II provides the Company of its intent to exercise this right provided that such notice cannot be delivered by GPP-II before June 28,
2020. Such a spin-off would be based on a valuation of Masthercell Global as determined in accordance with the terms of the Stockholders’
Agreement. If such a spin-off was completed, there is a chance that Masthercell Global would no longer be a subsidiary of Orgenesis,
which would result in a significant loss of value to Orgenesis. In addition, without control or ownership of Masthercell Global, Orgenesis’
ability to conduct CDMO activities independently would also be greatly affected in the event such a spin-off is completed.
If GPP-II opts to exchange its Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for shares of our common stock, we could potentially
issue a substantial number of shares of our common stock to GPP-II, which may result in significant dilution to our existing
stockholders.
The Stockholders’ Agreement provides that GPP-II is entitled, at any time, to convert its share capital in Masthercell Global for
our common stock (such exchange option being the “Stock Exchange Option”). Under the Stock Exchange Option, GPP-II is entitled to
exchange the Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for our common stock based on an exchange price (as defined in the Stockholders’
Agreement) that is not currently known. If GPP-II opts to exchange its Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for shares of our common stock,
we could potentially issue a substantial number of shares of our common stock to GPP-II. The common stock issuable to GPP-II upon
exchange of the Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for our common stock could have a depressive effect on the market price of our
common stock by increasing the number of shares of common stock outstanding. Such downward pressure could encourage short sales by
certain investors, which could place further downward pressure on the price of the common stock. Accordingly, the number of shares of
outstanding common stock may increase significantly and the ownership interests and proportionate voting power of the existing
stockholders may be significantly diluted.
Risks Related to Our Trans-Differentiation Technologies for Diabetes
THM is entitled to cancel the THM License Agreement.
Pursuant to the terms of the THM License Agreement with THM, the Israeli Subsidiary must develop, manufacture, sell and
market the products pursuant to the milestones and time schedule specified in the development plan. In the event the Israeli Subsidiary fails
to fulfill the terms of the development plan under the THM License Agreement, THM shall be entitled to terminate the THM License
Agreement by providing the Israeli Subsidiary with written notice of such a breach and if the Israeli Subsidiary does not cure such breach
within one year of receiving the notice. If THM cancels the THM License Agreement, our PT business may be materially adversely
affected. THM may also terminate the THM License Agreement if the Israeli Subsidiary breaches an obligation contained in the THM
License Agreement and does not cure it within 180 days of receiving notice of the breach. Any termination or cancellation of the THM
License Agreement is likely to materially adversely affect our business and prospects.
Our success will depend on strategic collaborations with third parties to develop and commercialize therapeutic product
candidates, and we may not have control over a number of key elements relating to the development and commercialization of any
such product candidate.
A key aspect of our strategy is to seek collaboration with a partner, such as a large pharmaceutical organization, that is willing to
further develop and commercialize a selected product candidate. To date, we have not entered into any such collaborative arrangement. By
entering into any such strategic collaboration, we may rely on our partner for financial resources and for development, regulatory and
commercialization expertise. Our partner may fail to develop or effectively commercialize our product candidate because they:
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do not have sufficient resources or decide not to devote the necessary resources due to internal constraints such as limited cash or
human resources;
decide to pursue a competitive potential product developed outside of the collaboration;
cannot obtain the necessary regulatory approvals;
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determine that the market opportunity is not attractive; or
cannot manufacture or obtain the necessary materials in sufficient quantities from multiple sources or at a reasonable cost.
We may not be able to enter into a collaboration on acceptable terms, if at all. We face competition in our search for partners from
other organizations worldwide, many of whom are larger and are able to offer more attractive deals in terms of financial commitments,
contribution of human resources, or development, manufacturing, regulatory or commercial expertise and support. If we are not successful
in attracting a partner and entering into a collaboration on acceptable terms, we may not be able to complete development of or
commercialize any product candidate. In such event, our ability to generate revenues and achieve or sustain profitability would be
significantly hindered and we may not be able to continue operations as proposed, requiring us to modify our business plan, curtail various
aspects of our operations or cease operations.
Third parties to whom we may license or transfer development and commercialization rights for products covered by
intellectual property rights may not be successful in their efforts and, as a result, we may not receive future royalty or other
milestone payments relating to those products or rights.
If we are unable to successfully acquire, develop or commercialize new products, our operating results will suffer. Our future
results of operations will depend to a significant extent upon our ability to successfully develop and commercialize our technology and
businesses in a timely manner. There are numerous difficulties in developing and commercializing new technologies and products,
including:
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successfully achieving major developmental steps required to bring the product to a clinical testing stage and clinical testing may
not be positive;
developing, testing and manufacturing products in compliance with regulatory standards in a timely manner;
the failure to receive requisite regulatory approvals for such products in a timely manner or at all;
developing and commercializing a new product is time consuming, costly and subject to numerous factors, including legal actions
brought by our competitors, that may delay or prevent the development and commercialization of our product;
incomplete, unconvincing or equivocal clinical trials data;
experiencing delays or unanticipated costs;
significant and unpredictable changes in the payer landscape, coverage and reimbursement for our future product;
experiencing delays as a result of limited resources at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or other regulatory
agencies; and
changing review and approval policies and standards at the FDA and other regulatory agencies.
As a result of these and other difficulties, products in development by us may not receive timely regulatory approvals, or
approvals at all, necessary for marketing by us or other third-party partners. If any of our future products are not approved in a timely
fashion or, when acquired or developed and approved, cannot be successfully manufactured, commercialized or reimbursed, our operating
results could be adversely affected. We cannot guarantee that any investment we make in developing product will be recouped, even if we
are successful in commercializing these products.
Our research and development programs are based on novel technologies and are inherently risky.
We are subject to the risks of failure inherent in the development of products based on new technologies. The novel nature of our
cell therapy technology creates significant challenges with respect to product development and optimization, manufacturing, government
regulation and approval, third-party reimbursement and market acceptance. For example, the FDA and EMA have relatively limited
experience with the development and regulation of cell therapy products and, therefore, the pathway to marketing approval for our cell
therapy product candidates may accordingly be more complex, lengthy and uncertain than for a more conventional product candidate. The
indications of use for which we choose to pursue development may have clinical effectiveness endpoints that have not previously been
reviewed or validated by the FDA or EMA, which may complicate or delay our effort to ultimately obtain FDA or EMA approval. Our
efforts to overcome these challenges may not prove successful, and any product candidate we seek to develop may not be successfully
developed or commercialized.
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Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our business, especially our
product development, manufacturing and distribution capabilities.
All pharmaceutical companies are subject to extensive, complex, costly and evolving government regulation. For the U.S., this is
principally administered by the FDA and to a lesser extent by the Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”) and state government
agencies, as well as by varying regulatory agencies in foreign countries where products or product candidates are being manufactured
and/or marketed. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Controlled Substances Act and other federal statutes and regulations, and
similar foreign statutes and regulations, govern or influence the testing, manufacturing, packing, labeling, storing, record keeping, safety,
approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of our future products. Under these regulations, we may become subject to periodic
inspection of our facilities, procedures and operations and/or the testing of our future products by the FDA, the DEA and other authorities,
which conduct periodic inspections to confirm that we are in compliance with all applicable regulations. In addition, the FDA and foreign
regulatory agencies conduct pre-approval and post-approval reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems and processes
are in compliance with current good manufacturing practice (“cGMP”) and other regulations. Following such inspections, the FDA or other
agency may issue observations, notices, citations and/or warning letters that could cause us to modify certain activities identified during the
inspection. FDA guidelines specify that a warning letter is issued only for violations of “regulatory significance” for which the failure to
adequately and promptly achieve correction may be expected to result in an enforcement action. We may also be required to report adverse
events associated with our future products to FDA and other regulatory authorities. Unexpected or serious health or safety concerns would
result in labeling changes, recalls, market withdrawals or other regulatory actions.
The range of possible sanctions includes, among others, FDA issuance of adverse publicity, product recalls or seizures, fines, total
or partial suspension of production and/or distribution, suspension of the FDA’s review of product applications, enforcement actions,
injunctions, and civil or criminal prosecution. Any such sanctions, if imposed, could have a material adverse effect on our business,
operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Under certain circumstances, the FDA also has the authority to revoke previously
granted drug approvals. Similar sanctions as detailed above may be available to the FDA under a consent decree, depending upon the actual
terms of such decree. If internal compliance programs do not meet regulatory agency standards or if compliance is deemed deficient in any
significant way, it could materially harm our business.
The European Medicines Agency (“EMA”) will regulate our future products in Europe. Regulatory approval by the EMA will be
subject to the evaluation of data relating to the quality, efficacy and safety of our future products for its proposed use. The time taken to
obtain regulatory approval varies between countries. Different regulators may impose their own requirements and may refuse to grant, or
may require additional data before granting, an approval, notwithstanding that regulatory approval may have been granted by other
regulators.
Regulatory approval may be delayed, limited or denied for a number of reasons, including insufficient clinical data, the
product not meeting safety or efficacy requirements or any relevant manufacturing processes or facilities not meeting applicable
requirements.
Further trials and other costly and time-consuming assessments of the product may be required to obtain or maintain regulatory
approval. Medicinal products are generally subject to lengthy and rigorous pre-clinical and clinical trials and other extensive, costly and
time-consuming procedures mandated by regulatory authorities. We may be required to conduct additional trials beyond those currently
planned, which could require significant time and expense. In addition, even after the technology approval, both in the U.S. and Europe, we
will be required to maintain post marketing surveillance of potential adverse and risk assessment programs to identify adverse events that
did not appear during the clinical studies and drug approval process. All of the foregoing could require an investment of significant time
and expense.
We have never generated any revenue from therapeutic product sales and our ability to generate revenue from product
sales and become profitable depends significantly on our success in a number of factors.
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We have no therapeutic products approved for commercial sale, have not generated any revenue from product sales, and do not
anticipate generating any revenue from product sales until sometime after we have received regulatory approval for the commercial sale of
a product candidate. Our ability to generate revenue and achieve profitability depends significantly on our success in many factors,
including:
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completing research regarding, and nonclinical and clinical development of, our product candidates;
obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing authorizations for product candidates for which we complete clinical studies;
developing a sustainable and scalable manufacturing process for our product candidates, including establishing and maintaining
commercially viable supply relationships with third parties and establishing our own manufacturing capabilities and infrastructure;
launching and commercializing product candidates for which we obtain regulatory approvals and marketing authorizations, either
directly or with a collaborator or distributor;
obtaining market acceptance of our product candidates as viable treatment options;
addressing any competing technological and market developments;
identifying, assessing, acquiring and/or developing new product candidates;
negotiating favorable terms in any collaboration, licensing, or other arrangements into which we may enter;
maintaining, protecting, and expanding our portfolio of intellectual property rights, including patents, trade secrets, and know-how;
and
attracting, hiring, and retaining qualified personnel.
Even if one or more of the product candidates that we develop is approved for commercial sale, we anticipate incurring significant
costs associated with commercializing any approved product candidate. Our expenses could increase beyond expectations if we are
required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, or other regulatory agencies, domestic or foreign, to change our
manufacturing processes or assays, or to perform clinical, nonclinical, or other types of studies in addition to those that we currently
anticipate. If we are successful in obtaining regulatory approvals to market one or more of our product candidates, our revenue will be
dependent, in part, upon the size of the markets in the territories for which we gain regulatory approval, the accepted price for the product,
the ability to get reimbursement at any price, and whether we own the commercial rights for that territory. If the number of our addressable
disease patients is not as significant as we estimate, the indication approved by regulatory authorities is narrower than we expect, or the
reasonably accepted population for treatment is narrowed by competition, physician choice or treatment guidelines, we may not generate
significant revenue from sales of such products, even if approved. If we are not able to generate revenue from the sale of any approved
products, we may never become profitable.
We have concentrated our research and development efforts on technology using cell-based therapy, and our future success
is highly dependent on the successful development of that technology for diabetes.
We have developed a technology that demonstrates the capacity to induce a shift in the developmental fate of cells from the liver
and differentiating (converting) them into “pancreatic beta cell-like” insulin-producing cells for patients with diabetes. Based on licensed
know-how and patents, our intention is to develop our technology to the clinical stage for regeneration of functional insulin-producing
cells, thus enabling normal glucose regulated insulin secretion, via cell therapy. By using therapeutic agents (i.e., PDX-1, and additional
pancreatic transcription factors in an adenovirus-vector) that efficiently convert a sub-population of liver cells into pancreatic islets
phenotype and function, this approach allows the diabetic patient to be the donor of his/her own therapeutic tissue and to start producing
his/her own insulin in a glucose-responsive manner, thereby eliminating the need for insulin injections. Because this is a new approach to
treating diabetes, developing and commercializing our product candidates subjects us to a number of challenges, including:
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obtaining regulatory approval from the FDA, EMA and other regulatory authorities that have very limited experience with the
commercial development of our technology for diabetes;
developing and deploying consistent and reliable processes for engineering a patient’s liver cells ex vivo and infusing the engineered
cells back into the patient;
developing processes for the safe administration of these products, including long-term follow-up for all patients who receive our
products;
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sourcing clinical and, if approved, commercial supplies for the materials used to manufacture and process our products;
developing a manufacturing process and distribution network with a cost of goods that allows for an attractive return on investment;
establishing sales and marketing capabilities after obtaining any regulatory approval to gain market acceptance; and
maintaining a system of post marketing surveillance and risk assessment programs to identify adverse events that did not appear
during the drug approval process
When we commence our clinical trials, we may not be able to conduct our trials on the timelines we expect.
Clinical testing is expensive, time consuming, and subject to uncertainty. We cannot guarantee that any clinical studies will be
conducted as planned or completed on schedule, if at all. We expect that our early clinical work will help support the filing with the FDA
of an IND for our product in fiscal 2019. However, we cannot be sure that we will be able to submit an IND in this time-frame, and we
cannot be sure that submission of an IND will result in the FDA allowing clinical trials to begin. Moreover, even if these trials begin, issues
may arise that could suspend or terminate such clinical trials. A failure of one or more clinical studies can occur at any stage of testing, and
our future clinical studies may not be successful. Events that may prevent successful or timely completion of clinical development include:
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the inability to generate sufficient preclinical or other in vivo or in vitro data to support the initiation of clinical studies;
delays in reaching a consensus with regulatory agencies on study design;
delays in establishing CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls) which is a cornerstone in clinical study submission and later
on, the regulatory approval;
the FDA not allowing us to use the clinical trial data from a research institution to support an IND if we cannot demonstrate the
comparability of our product candidates with the product candidate used by the relevant research institution in its clinical studies;
delays in obtaining required Institutional Review Board, or IRB, approval at each clinical study site;
imposition of a temporary or permanent clinical hold by regulatory agencies for a number of reasons, including after review of an
IND application or amendment, or equivalent application or amendment;
a result of a new safety finding that presents unreasonable risk to clinical trial participants;
a negative finding from an inspection of our clinical study operations or study sites;
developments on trials conducted by competitors for related technology that raises FDA concerns about risk to patients of the
technology broadly;
if FDA finds that the investigational protocol or plan is clearly deficient to meet its stated objectives;
delays in recruiting suitable patients to participate in our clinical studies;
difficulty collaborating with patient groups and investigators;
failure to perform in accordance with the FDA’s current good clinical practices, or cGCPs, requirements, or applicable regulatory
guidelines in other countries;
delays in having patients' complete participation in a study or return for post-treatment follow-up;
patients dropping out of a study;
occurrence of adverse events associated with the product candidate that are viewed to outweigh its potential benefits;
changes in regulatory requirements and guidance that require amending or submitting new clinical protocols;
changes in the standard of care on which a clinical development plan was based, which may require new or additional trials;
the cost of clinical studies of our product candidates being greater than we anticipate;
clinical studies of our product candidates producing negative or inconclusive results, which may result in our deciding, or regulators
requiring us, to conduct additional clinical studies or abandon product development programs; and
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delays in manufacturing, testing, releasing, validating, or importing/exporting sufficient stable quantities of our product candidates
for use in clinical studies or the inability to do any of the foregoing.
Any inability to successfully complete preclinical and clinical development could result in additional costs to us or impair our
ability to generate revenue. In addition, if we make manufacturing or formulation changes to our product candidates, we may be required
to, or we may elect to conduct additional studies to bridge our modified product candidates to earlier versions. Clinical study delays could
also shorten any periods during which our products have patent protection and may allow our competitors to bring products to market
before we do, which could impair our ability to successfully commercialize our product candidates and may harm our business and results
of operations.
Our clinical trial results may also not support approval, whether accelerated approval, conditional marketing authorizations, or
regular approval. The results of preclinical and clinical studies may not be predictive of the results of later-stage clinical trials, and product
candidates in later stages of clinical trials may fail to show the desired safety and efficacy despite having progressed through preclinical
studies and initial clinical trials. In addition, our product candidates could fail to receive regulatory approval for many reasons, including
the following:
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the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with the design or implementation of our clinical trials;
the population studied in the clinical program may not be sufficiently broad or representative to assure safety in the full population
for which we seek approval;
we may be unable to demonstrate that our product candidates’ risk-benefit ratios for their proposed indications are acceptable;
the results of clinical trials may not meet the level of statistical significance required by the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory
authorities for approval;
we may be unable to demonstrate that the clinical and other benefits of our product candidates outweigh their safety risks;
the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may disagree with our interpretation of data from preclinical studies or
clinical trials;
the data collected from clinical trials of our product candidates may not be sufficient to the satisfaction of the FDA or comparable
foreign regulatory authorities to obtain regulatory approval in the United States or elsewhere;
the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may fail to approve the manufacturing processes, our own manufacturing
facilities, or our third-party manufacturers’ facilities with which we contract for clinical and commercial supplies; and
the approval policies or regulations of the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities may significantly change in a manner
rendering our clinical data insufficient for approval.
Further, failure to obtain approval for any of the above reasons may be made more likely by the fact that the FDA and other
regulatory authorities have very limited experience with commercial development of our cell therapy for the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.
Our product candidates may cause undesirable side effects or have other properties that could halt their clinical
development, prevent their regulatory approval, limit their commercial potential, or result in significant negative consequences.
As with most biological drug products, use of our product candidates could be associated with side effects or adverse events which
can vary in severity from minor reactions to death and in frequency from infrequent to prevalent. Any of these occurrences may materially
and adversely harm our business, financial condition and prospects.
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Research and development of biopharmaceutical products is inherently risky.
We may not be successful in our efforts to use and enhance our technology platform to create a pipeline of product candidates and
develop commercially successful products. Furthermore, we may expend our limited resources on programs that do not yield a successful
product candidate and fail to capitalize on product candidates or diseases that may be more profitable or for which there is a greater
likelihood of success. If we fail to develop additional product candidates, our commercial opportunity will be limited. Even if we are
successful in continuing to build our pipeline, obtaining regulatory approvals and commercializing additional product candidates will
require substantial additional funding and are prone to the risks of failure inherent in medical product development. Investment in
biopharmaceutical product development involves significant risk that any potential product candidate will fail to demonstrate adequate
efficacy or an acceptable safety profile, gain regulatory approval, and become commercially viable. We cannot provide you any assurance
that we will be able to successfully advance any of these additional product candidates through the development process. Our research
programs may initially show promise in identifying potential product candidates, yet fail to yield product candidates for clinical
development or commercialization for many reasons, including the following:
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our platform may not be successful in identifying additional product candidates;
we may not be able or willing to assemble sufficient resources to acquire or discover additional product candidates;
our product candidates may not succeed in preclinical or clinical testing;
a product candidate may on further study be shown to have harmful side effects or other characteristics that indicate it is unlikely to
be effective or otherwise does not meet applicable regulatory criteria;
competitors may develop alternatives that render our product candidates obsolete or less attractive;
product candidates we develop may nevertheless be covered by third parties’ patents or other exclusive rights;
the market for a product candidate may change during our program so that the continued development of that product candidate is
no longer reasonable;
a product candidate may not be capable of being produced in commercial quantities at an acceptable cost, or at all; and
a product candidate may not be accepted as safe and effective by patients, the medical community or third- party payers, if
applicable.
If any of these events occur, we may be forced to abandon our development efforts for a program or programs, or we may not be
able to identify, discover, develop, or commercialize additional product candidates, which would have a material adverse effect on our
business and could potentially cause us to cease operations.
Our product candidates are biologics and the manufacture of our product candidates is complex and we may encounter
difficulties in production, particularly with respect to process development or scaling-out of our manufacturing capabilities.
If we encounter such difficulties, our ability to provide supply of our product candidates for clinical trials or our products for
patients, if approved, could be delayed or stopped, or we may be unable to maintain a commercially viable cost structure. Our product
candidates are biologics and the process of manufacturing our products is complex, highly regulated and subject to multiple risks. The
manufacture of our product candidates involves complex processes, including the biopsy of tissue from a patient’s liver, propagation of the
patient’s liver cells from that liver tissue to obtain the desired dose, trans-differentiating those cells into insulin-producing cells ex vivo and
ultimately infusing the cells back into a patient’s body. As a result of the complexities, the cost to manufacture biologics is generally higher
than traditional small molecule chemical compounds, and the manufacturing process is less reliable and is more difficult to reproduce.
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Our manufacturing process will be susceptible to product loss or failure due to logistical issues associated with the collection of
liver cells, or starting material, from the patient, shipping such material to the manufacturing site, shipping the final product back to the
patient, and infusing the patient with the product, manufacturing issues associated with the differences in patient starting materials,
interruptions in the manufacturing process, contamination, equipment or reagent failure, improper installation or operation of equipment,
vendor or operator error, inconsistency in cell growth, failures in process testing and variability in product characteristics. Even minor
deviations from normal manufacturing processes could result in reduced production yields, product defects, and other supply disruptions. If
for any reason we lose a patient’s starting material or later-developed product at any point in the process, the manufacturing process for that
patient will need to be restarted and the resulting delay may adversely affect that patient’s outcome. If microbial, viral, or other
contaminations are discovered in our product candidates or in the manufacturing facilities in which our product candidates are made, such
manufacturing facilities may need to be closed for an extended period of time to investigate and remedy the contamination. Because our
product candidates are manufactured for each particular patient, we will be required to maintain a chain of identity and tractability of all
reagents and viruses involved in the process with respect to materials as they move from the patient to the manufacturing facility, through
the manufacturing process, and back to the patient. Maintaining such a chain of identity is difficult and complex, and failure to do so could
result in adverse patient outcomes, loss of product, or regulatory action including withdrawal of our products from the market. Further, as
product candidates are developed through preclinical to late stage clinical trials towards approval and commercialization, it is common that
various aspects of the development program, such as manufacturing methods, are altered along the way in an effort to optimize processes
and results. Such changes carry the risk that they will not achieve these intended objectives, and any of these changes could cause our
product candidates to perform differently and affect the results of planned clinical trials or other future clinical trials.
Although we are working to develop commercially viable processes, doing so is a difficult and uncertain task, and there are risks
associated with scaling to the level required for advanced clinical trials or commercialization, including, among others, cost overruns,
potential problems with process scale-out, process reproducibility, stability issues, lot consistency, and timely availability of reagents or
raw materials. We may ultimately be unable to reduce the cost of goods for our product candidates to levels that will allow for an attractive
return on investment if and when those product candidates are commercialized.
We expect that continued development of our manufacturing facility via MaSTherCell and our global CDMO network will
provide us with enhanced control of material supply for both clinical trials and the commercial market, enable the more rapid
implementation of process changes, and allow for better long-term margins. We may establish multiple manufacturing facilities as we
expand our commercial footprint to multiple geographies, which may lead to regulatory delays or prove costly. Even if we are successful,
our manufacturing capabilities could be affected by cost-overruns, unexpected delays, equipment failures, labor shortages, natural disasters,
power failures and numerous other factors that could prevent us from realizing the intended benefits of our manufacturing strategy and
have a material adverse effect on our business.
In addition, the manufacturing process for any products that we may develop is subject to FDA and foreign regulatory authority
approval process, and we will need to contract with manufacturers who can meet all applicable FDA and foreign regulatory authority
requirements on an ongoing basis. If we are unable to reliably produce products to specifications acceptable to the FDA or other regulatory
authorities, we may not obtain or maintain the approvals we need to commercialize such products. Even if we obtain regulatory approval
for any of our product candidates, there is no assurance that either we or our CDMO subsidiaries and joint ventures will be able to
manufacture the approved product to specifications acceptable to the FDA or other regulatory authorities, to produce it in sufficient
quantities to meet the requirements for the potential launch of the product, or to meet potential future demand. Any of these challenges
could delay completion of clinical trials, require bridging clinical trials or the repetition of one or more clinical trials, increase clinical trial
costs, delay approval of our product candidate, impair commercialization efforts, increase our cost of goods, and have an adverse effect on
our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.
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The manufacture of biological drug products is complex and requires significant expertise and capital investment, including the
development of advanced manufacturing techniques and process controls. Manufacturers of biologic products often encounter difficulties in
production, particularly in scaling up or out, validating the production process, and assuring high reliability of the manufacturing process
(including the absence of contamination). These problems include logistics and shipping, difficulties with production costs and yields,
quality control, including stability of the product, product testing, operator error, availability of qualified personnel, as well as compliance
with strictly enforced federal, state and foreign regulations. Furthermore, if contaminants are discovered in our supply of our product
candidates or in the manufacturing facilities, such manufacturing facilities may need to be closed for an extended period of time to
investigate and remedy the contamination. We cannot assure you that any stability failures or other issues relating to the manufacture of
our product candidates will not occur in the future. Additionally, our manufacturers may experience manufacturing difficulties due to
resource constraints or as a result of labor disputes or unstable political environments. If our manufacturers were to encounter any of these
difficulties, or otherwise fail to comply with their contractual obligations, our ability to provide our product candidate to patients in clinical
trials would be jeopardized. Any delay or interruption in the supply of clinical trial supplies could delay the completion of clinical trials,
increase the costs associated with maintaining clinical trial programs and, depending upon the period of delay, require us to begin new
clinical trials at additional expense or terminate clinical trials completely.
Cell-based therapies rely on the availability of reagents, specialized equipment, and other specialty materials, which may
not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. For some of these reagents, equipment, and materials, we rely or may rely on
sole source vendors or a limited number of vendors, which could impair our ability to manufacture and supply our products.
Manufacturing our product candidates will require many reagents and viruses, which are substances used in our manufacturing
processes to bring about chemical or biological reactions, and other specialty materials and equipment, some of which are manufactured or
supplied by small companies with limited resources and experience to support commercial biologics production. We currently depend on a
limited number of vendors for certain materials and equipment used in the manufacture of our product candidates. Some of these suppliers
may not have the capacity to support commercial products manufactured under GMP by biopharmaceutical firms or may otherwise be ill-
equipped to support our needs. We also do not have supply contracts with many of these suppliers and may not be able to obtain supply
contracts with them on acceptable terms or at all. Accordingly, we may experience delays in receiving key materials and equipment to
support clinical or commercial manufacturing.
For some of these reagents, viruses, equipment, and materials, we rely and may in the future rely on sole source vendors or a
limited number of vendors. An inability to continue to source product from any of these suppliers, which could be due to regulatory actions
or requirements affecting the supplier, adverse financial or other strategic developments experienced by a supplier, labor disputes or
shortages, unexpected demands, or quality issues, could adversely affect our ability to satisfy demand for our product candidates, which
could adversely and materially affect our product sales and operating results or our ability to conduct clinical trials, either of which could
significantly harm our business.
As we continue to develop and scale our manufacturing process, we expect that we will need to obtain rights to and supplies of
certain materials and equipment to be used as part of that process. We may not be able to obtain rights to such materials on commercially
reasonable terms, or at all, and if we are unable to alter our process in a commercially viable manner to avoid the use of such materials or
find a suitable substitute, it would have a material adverse effect on our business.
We currently have no marketing and sales organization and have no experience in marketing therapeutic products. If we
are unable to establish marketing and sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell our product
candidates, we may not be able to generate product revenue.
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We currently have no sales, marketing, or commercial therapeutic product distribution capabilities and have no experience in
marketing products. We intend to develop an in-house marketing organization and sales force, which will require significant capital
expenditures, management resources, and time. We will have to compete with other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to
recruit, hire, train, and retain marketing and sales personnel. If we are unable to or decide not to establish internal sales, marketing and
commercial distribution capabilities for any or all products we develop, we will likely pursue collaborative arrangements regarding the
sales and marketing of our products. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to establish or maintain such collaborative
arrangements, or if we are able to do so, that they will have effective sales forces. Any revenue we receive will depend upon the efforts of
such third parties, which may not be successful. We may have little or no control over the marketing and sales efforts of such third parties,
and our revenue from product sales may be lower than if we had commercialized our product candidates ourselves. We also face
competition in our search for third parties to assist us with the sales and marketing efforts of our product candidates.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to develop in-house sales and commercial distribution capabilities or
establish or maintain relationships with third-party collaborators to successfully commercialize any product in the United States or
overseas, and as a result, we may not be able to generate product revenue.
A variety of risks associated with operating our business internationally could materially adversely affect our business. We plan to
seek regulatory approval of our product candidates outside of the United States and, accordingly, we expect that we, and any potential
collaborators in those jurisdictions, will be subject to additional risks related to operating in foreign countries, including:
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differing regulatory requirements in foreign countries, unexpected changes in tariffs, trade barriers, price and exchange controls,
and other regulatory requirements;
economic weakness, including inflation, or political instability in particular foreign economies and markets;
compliance with tax, employment, immigration, and labor laws for employees living or traveling abroad;
foreign taxes, including withholding of payroll taxes;
foreign currency fluctuations, which could result in increased operating expenses and reduced revenue, and other obligations
incident to doing business in another country;
difficulties staffing and managing foreign operations;
workforce uncertainty in countries where labor unrest is more common than in the United States;
potential liability under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or comparable foreign laws;
challenges enforcing our contractual and intellectual property rights, especially in those foreign countries that do not respect and
protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the United States;
production shortages resulting from any events affecting raw material supply or manufacturing capabilities abroad; and
business interruptions resulting from geo-political actions, including war and terrorism.
These and other risks associated with our planned international operations may materially adversely affect our ability to attain or
maintain profitable operations.
We face significant competition from other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, and our operating results will
suffer if we fail to compete effectively.
The biopharmaceutical industry, and the rapidly evolving market for developing cell-based therapies is characterized by intense
competition and rapid innovation. Our competitors may be able to develop other compounds or drugs that are able to achieve similar or
better results. Our potential competitors include major multinational pharmaceutical companies, established biotechnology companies,
specialty pharmaceutical companies, universities, and other research institutions. Many of our competitors have substantially greater
financial, technical and other resources, such as larger research and development staff and experienced marketing and manufacturing
organizations as well as established sales forces. Smaller or early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly
through collaborative arrangements with large, established companies. Mergers and acquisitions in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical
industries may result in even more resources being concentrated in our competitors. Competition may increase further as a result of
advances in the commercial applicability of technologies and greater availability of capital for investment in these industries. Our
competitors, either alone or with collaborative partners, may succeed in developing, acquiring or licensing on an exclusive basis drug or
biologic products that are more effective, safer, more easily commercialized, or less costly than our product candidates or may develop
proprietary technologies or secure patent protection that we may need for the development of our technologies and products.
Specifically, we face significant competition from companies in the insulin therapy market. Insulin therapy is widely used for
Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients who are not controlled with oral medications. The global diabetes market comprising
the insulin, insulin analogues and other anti-diabetic drugs has been evolving rapidly. A look at the diabetes market reveals that it is
dominated by a handful of participants such as Novo Nordisk A/S, Eli Lilly and Company, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Pharmaceutical
Company Limited, Pfizer Inc., Merck KgaA, and Bayer AG. Even if we obtain regulatory approval of our product candidates, we may not
be the first to market and that may affect the price or demand for our product candidates. Additionally, the availability and price of our
competitors’ products could limit the demand and the price we are able to charge for our product candidates. We may not be able to
implement our business plan if the acceptance of our product candidates is inhibited by price competition or the reluctance of physicians to
switch from existing methods of treatment to our product candidates, or if physicians switch to other new drug or biologic products or
choose to reserve our product candidates for use in limited circumstances. Additionally, a competitor could obtain orphan product
exclusivity from the FDA with respect to such competitor’s product. If such competitor product is determined to be the same product as
one of our product candidates, that may prevent us from obtaining approval from the FDA for such product candidate for the same
indication for seven years, except in limited circumstances.
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We are highly dependent on our key personnel, and if we are not successful in attracting, motivating and retaining highly
qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.
Our ability to compete in the highly competitive biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries depends upon our ability to attract,
motivate and retain highly qualified managerial, scientific and medical personnel. We are highly dependent on our senior management,
particularly our Chief Scientific Officer, Prof. Sarah Ferber, and our Chief Executive Officer, Vered Caplan. The loss of the services of any
of our executive officers, other key employees, and other scientific and medical advisors, and our inability to find suitable replacements,
could result in delays in product development and harm our business. Competition for skilled personnel is intense and the turnover rate can
be high, which may limit our ability to hire and retain highly qualified personnel on acceptable terms or at all.
To induce valuable employees to remain at our company, in addition to salary and cash incentives, we have provided stock option
grants that vest over time. The value to employees of these equity grants that vest over time may be significantly affected by movements in
our stock price that are beyond our control and may at any time be insufficient to counteract more lucrative offers from other companies.
Although we have employment agreements with our key employees, most these employment agreements provide for at-will employment,
which means that any of our employees could leave our employment at any time, with or without notice. We do not maintain “key man”
insurance policies on the lives of all of these individuals or the lives of any of our other employees.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
If we issue additional shares in the future, it will result in the dilution of our existing stockholders.
Our articles of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 145,833,334 shares of our common stock with a par value of $0.0001
per share. Our Board of Directors may choose to issue some or all of such shares to acquire one or more companies or products and to fund
our overhead and general operating requirements. The issuance of any such shares will reduce the book value per share and may contribute
to a reduction in the market price of the outstanding shares of our common stock. If we issue any such additional shares, such issuance will
reduce the proportionate ownership and voting power of all current stockholders. Further, such issuance may result in a change of control
of our company.
Our stock price and trading volume may be volatile, which could result in losses for our stockholders.
The equity trading markets have recently experienced high volatility resulting in highly variable and unpredictable pricing of
equity securities. If the turmoil in the equity trading markets continues, the market for our common stock could change in ways that may
not be related to our business, our industry or our operating performance and financial condition. In addition, the trading volume in our
common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price
or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include:
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actual or anticipated quarterly variations in our operating results, including further impairment to unproved oil and gas properties;
changes in expectations as to our future financial performance or changes in financial estimates, if any;
announcements relating to our business;
conditions generally affecting the oil and natural gas industry;
the success of our operating strategy; and
the operating and stock performance of other comparable companies.
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Many of these factors are beyond our control, and we cannot predict their potential effects on the price of our common stock. In
addition, the stock market is subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations. During the past 52 weeks ended November 30, 2018, our
stock price has fluctuated from a low of $4.50 to a high of $14.68 (adjusted to account for the 1:12 reverse split implemented in November
2017). This volatility has had a significant effect on the market price of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to their
operating performance and could have the same effect on our common stock.
No assurance can be provided that a purchaser of our common stock will be able to resell their shares of common stock at or
above the price that they acquired those shares. We can provide no assurances that the market price of common stock will increase or that
the market price of common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly.
We do not intend to pay dividends on any investment in the shares of stock of our company.
We have never paid any cash dividends, and currently do not intend to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. The Board of
Directors has not directed the payment of any dividends and does not anticipate paying dividends on the shares for the foreseeable future
and intends to retain any future earnings to the extent necessary to develop and expand our business. Payment of cash dividends, if any, will
depend, among other factors, on our earnings, capital requirements, and the general operating and financial condition, and will be subject to
legal limitations on the payment of dividends out of paid-in capital. Because we do not intend to declare dividends, any gain on an
investment in our company will need to come through an increase in the stock’s price. This may never happen, and investors may lose all of
their investment in our company.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not Applicable.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We do not own any real property. A description of the leased premises we utilize in several of our facilities is as follows:
Entity
Property Description
Orgenesis Inc./Orgenesis Maryland Inc.
MaSTherCell SA, Cell Therapy Holding SA and
Orgenesis SPRL
These are the principal offices:
· Located at 20271 Goldenrod Lane, Germantown, MD 20876.
· Occupy office space at the Germantown Innovation Center.
· Cost is $200 per month on a month-to-month contract.
All activities located in Gosselies, Belgium, in the I-Tech Incubator 2.
Property consists of:
· Operational production and Office area represent +/-2,400 m².
· Monthly costs are approximately €25 thousand.
· Lease agreement for the office and operational production area
expires on March 31, 2030.
· Additional offices are leased in a separate building to temporarily
locate MaSTherCell corporate service and meeting rooms; it
represents 480m² for a monthly cost of €7 thousand and termination
lease agreement on February 29, 2020.
· The new production area designed during 2016 was built in 2017-
2018 and was operational at the end of 2018.
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Orgenesis Ltd.
Masthercell Korea
Atvio Biotech
· The development lab is located in 8 HaHaruv St. Bar Lev Industrial
Park M.P. MISGAV, Israel.
· The Company’s offices are in the science park of Ness Ziona.
Monthly costs are approximately $5 thousand.
· Operational production and Office area represent +/-2,234 m².
· Monthly costs are approximately 21,232 thousand KRW.
· Lease agreement for the office and operational production area
expires on July 14, 2020.
· Located in 8 HaHaruv St. Bar Lev Industrial Park M.P. MISGAV,
Israel.
· Operational production and Office area represent +/-1,264 m².
· Monthly costs are approximately $10.5 thousand.
· Lease agreement for the office and operational production area
expires on July 31, 2023.
We believe that our facilities are generally in good condition and suitable to carry on our business. We also believe that, if
required, suitable alternative or additional space will be available to us on commercially reasonable terms.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not involved in any pending legal proceedings that we anticipate would result in a material adverse effect on our business
or operations.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Until March 13, 2018, the Company’s common shares were traded under OTC Market Group’s OTCQB. From March 13, 2018
the Company's common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market (Nasdaq CM) under the symbol “ORGS.”
As of February 11, 2019, there were 156 holders of record of our common stock, and the last reported sale price of our common
stock on the Nasdaq CM on February 12, 2019 was $4.88. A significant number of shares of our common stock are held in either nominee
name or street name brokerage accounts, and consequently, we are unable to determine the total number of beneficial owners of our stock.
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Dividend Policy
To date, we have paid no dividends on our common stock and do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We
plan to retain all earnings to provide funds for the operations of our company. In the future, our Board of Directors will decide whether to
declare and pay dividends based upon our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, and other factors that our Board of Directors
may consider relevant. We are not under any contractual restriction as to present or future ability to pay dividends.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
During the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, our financing activities consisted of the following:
(1) In January 2017, the Company entered into definitive agreements with an institutional investor for the private placement of
2,564,115 units of the Company’s securities for aggregate subscription proceeds to the Company of $16 million at $6.24 price per unit.
Each unit is comprised of one share of the Company’s Common Stock and one warrant, exercisable over a three-years period from the date
of issuance, to purchase one additional share of Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24 (“Unit”). The subscription proceeds
have been paid to the Company on a periodic basis through October 2018.
In July 2018, the Company entered into definitive agreements with assignees of the aforementioned institutional investor whereby
these assignees remitted $4.6 million in respect of the units available under the original subscription agreement that had been subscribed
for, entitling such investors to 702,307 units, with each unit being comprised of (i) one share of the Company's common stock and (ii) one
three-year warrant to purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
During the year ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, the investor and the assignees remitted to the Company $11.5 and $4.5
million, respectively, and the Company issued 1,813,687 and 721,160 Units, respectively.
(2) During the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, the Company entered into definitive agreements with accredited and other
qualified investors relating to a private placement of 1,237,642 units. Each unit is comprised of (i) one share of the Company’s common
stock and (ii) three-year warrant to purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s Common Stock at a per share exercise price of
$6.24, for aggregate proceeds to the Company of approximately $7.7 million.
(3) During the year ended November 30, 2018, investors exercised 136,646 warrants into 136,646 shares of the Company’s
Common Stock, for aggregate proceeds of $853 thousand.
(4) In November 2018, we entered into unsecured convertible note agreements with accredited or offshore investors for an
aggregate amount of $625 thousand. The loans bear an annual interest rate of 2% and mature in three years unless converted earlier. The
holders, at their option, may convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest under those notes into 89,285 shares of our
common stock and 89,285 three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional 89,285 shares of our common stock at a per share exercise
price of $7. In the initial two years, the holders have the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest into shares
of capital stock of Hemogenyx-Cell, a subsidiary of Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc, at a price per share based on a pre-money valuation
of Hemogenyx-Cell of $12 million (the “Hemogenyx Securities”), pursuant to the collaboration agreement with Hemogenyx
Pharmaceuticals Plc.
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(5) In November 2018, we entered into unsecured convertible note agreements with accredited or offshore investors for an
aggregate amount of $625 thousand. The loan bears an annual interest rate of 2% and matures in three years unless converted earlier. The
holders, at their option, may convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest under those notes into 89,285 shares of our
common stock and 89,285 three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional 89,285 shares of our common stock at a per share exercise
price of $7. In the initial two years, the holders have the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest into shares
of capital stock of Immugenyx, LLC, a subsidiary of Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc, at a price per share based on a pre-money valuation
of Immugenyx of $8 million (the “Immugenyx Securities”), pursuant to the collaboration agreement with Immugenyx, LLC.
All of the securities issued in the transactions described above were issued without registration under the Securities Act in reliance
upon the exemptions provided in Section 4(2) or Regulation S of the Securities Act. Except with respect to securities sold pursuant to
Regulation S, the recipients of securities in each such transaction acquired the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for
sale in connection with any distribution thereof. Appropriate legends were affixed to the share certificates issued in all of the above
transactions. Each of the recipients also represented that they were “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501(a) of Regulation
D under the Securities Act or had such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be able to evaluate the merits and
risks of an investment in its common stock. All recipients had adequate access, through their relationships with the Company and its
officers and directors, to information about the Company. None of the transactions described above involved general solicitation or
advertising.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
We do not have a stock repurchase program for our common stock and have not otherwise purchased any shares of our common
stock.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide
information necessary to understand our audited consolidated financial statements for the two-year period ended November 30, 2018 and
highlight certain other information which, in the opinion of management, will enhance a reader’s understanding of our financial condition,
changes in financial condition and results of operations. In particular, the discussion is intended to provide an analysis of significant trends
and material changes in our financial position and the operating results of our business during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, as
compared to the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements for the two-year period ended November 30, 2018 and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains numerous forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current
expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks described throughout this filing, particularly in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Corporate Overview
We are a biotechnology company specializing in the development, manufacturing and provision of technologies and services in
the cell and gene therapy industry. We operate through two platforms: (i) a point-of-care (“POCare”) cell therapy platform (“PT”) and (ii) a
Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) platform conducted through our subsidiary, Masthercell Global.
Through our PT business, our aim is to further the development of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (“ATMPs”) through
collaborations and in-licensing with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage biopharmaceutical companies and research and healthcare institutes
to bring such ATMPs to patients. We out-license these ATMPs through regional partners to whom we also provide regulatory, pre-clinical
and training services to support their activity in order to reach patients in a point-of-care hospital setting. Through our CDMO platform, we
are focused on providing contract manufacturing and development services for biopharmaceutical companies.
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Our therapeutic development efforts in our PT business are focused on advancing breakthrough scientific achievements in ATMPs,
and namely autologous therapies, which have a curative potential. We base our development on therapeutic collaborations and in-licensing
with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage biopharma companies as well as direct collaboration with research and healthcare institutes. We
are engaging in therapeutic collaborations and in-licensing with other academic centers and research centers in order to pursue emerging
technologies of other ATMPs in cell and gene therapy in such areas as cell-based immunotherapies, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative
diseases and tissue regeneration. Each of these customers and collaborations represents a growth opportunity and future revenue potential
as we out-license these ATMPs through regional partners to whom we also provide regulatory, pre-clinical and training services to support
their activity in order to reach patients in a point-of-care hospital setting.
We carry out our PT business through three wholly-owned and separate subsidiaries. This corporate structure allows us to simplify
the accounting treatment, minimize taxation and optimize local grant support. The subsidiaries related to this business are Orgenesis
Maryland Inc., in the U.S., Orgenesis SPRL, in the European Union and Orgenesis Ltd. in Israel.
Our subsidiary, Masthercell Global, is a CDMO specialized in cell therapy development for advanced therapeutically products. In
the last decade, cell therapy medicinal products have gained significant importance, particularly in the fields of ex-vivo gene therapy and
immunotherapy. While academic and industrial research has led scientific development in the sector, industrialization and manufacturing
expertise remains insufficient. Masthercell Global plans to fill this gap by providing three types of services to its customers: (i) process and
assay development services and (ii) current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) contract manufacturing services and (iii) technology
innovation and engineering services. These services offer a double advantage to Masthercell Global’s customers. First, customers can
continue allocating their financial and human resources on their product/therapy, while relying on a long-term reliable and trusted partner
for their process development/production. Second, through its subsidiaries, it allows customers to benefit from Masthercell Global’s
expertise in cell therapy manufacturing and all related aspects.
Masthercell Global’s wholly-owned subsidiaries include MaSTherCell S.A., a Belgian-based subsidiary and a Contract
Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) specialized in cell therapy development and manufacturing for advanced
medicinal products, Atvio Biotech Ltd. (“Atvio”), an Israeli-based CDMO, and CureCell Co. Ltd. (“CureCell”), a Korea-based CDMO.
We operate our CDMO and the PT businesses as two separate business segments.
Corporate History
We were incorporated in the state of Nevada on June 5, 2008 under the name Business Outsourcing Services, Inc. Effective
August 31, 2011, we completed a merger with our subsidiary, Orgenesis Inc., a Nevada corporation, which was incorporated solely to effect
a change in its name. As a result, the Company changed its name from “Business Outsourcing Services, Inc.” to “Orgenesis Inc.”
On October 11, 2011, we incorporated Orgenesis Ltd. as our wholly-owned subsidiary under the laws of Israel. On February 2,
2012, Orgenesis Ltd. signed and closed a definitive agreement to license from Tel Hashomer - Medical Research, Infrastructure and
Services Ltd. (“THM”), a private company duly incorporated under the laws of Israel, patents and know-how related to the development of
AIP (Autologous Insulin Producing) cells.
On November 6, 2014 we entered into an agreement with the shareholders of MaSTherCell S.A. to acquire MaSTherCell S.A. On
March 2, 2015, we closed on the acquisition of MaSTherCell whereby it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Orgenesis. Through
MaSTherCell, we became engaged in the CDMO business. Currently, most of the Company’s revenues are generated through
MaSTherCell.
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On June 28, 2018, the Company, Masthercell Global, Great Point Partners, LLC, a manager of private equity funds focused on
growing small to medium sized heath care companies (“Great Point”), and certain of Great Point’s affiliates, entered into a series of
definitive strategic agreements intended to finance, strengthen and expand Orgenesis’ CDMO business. In connection therewith, the
Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II Masthercell, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“GPP-II”) and an affiliate of Great
Point, entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) pursuant to which GPP-II purchased 378,000 shares of newly designated
Series A Preferred Stock of Masthercell Global (the “Masthercell Global Preferred Stock”), representing 37.8% of the issued and
outstanding share capital of Masthercell Global, for cash consideration to be paid into Masthercell Global of up to $25 million, subject to
certain adjustments (the “Consideration”). Orgenesis holds 622,000 shares of Masthercell Global’s Common Stock, representing 62.2% of
the issued and outstanding equity share capital of Masthercell Global. An initial cash payment of $11.8 million of the Consideration was
remitted at closing by GPP-II, with a follow up payment of $6,600,000 to be made in each of years 2018 and 2019 (the “Future Payments”),
or an aggregate of $13.2 million, if (a) Masthercell Global achieves specified EBITDA and revenues targets during each of these years, and
(b) the Orgenesis’ shareholders approve certain provisions of the Stockholders’ Agreement referred to below on or before December 31,
2019. None of the future Consideration amounts, if any, will result in an increase in GPP-II’s equity holdings in Masthercell Global beyond
the 378,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued to GPP-II at closing.
Contemporaneous with the execution of the SPA, Orgenesis and Masthercell Global entered into a Contribution, Assignment and
Assumption Agreement pursuant to which Orgenesis contributed to Masthercell Global the Orgenesis’ assets relating to the CDMO
Business (as defined below), including the CDMO subsidiaries (the “Corporate Reorganization”). In furtherance thereof, Masthercell
Global, as Orgenesis’ assignee, acquired all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Atvio, the Company’s Israel based CDMO
partner since May 2016, and 94.12% of the share capital of CureCell, the Company’s Korea based CDMO partner since March 2016.
Orgenesis exercised the” call option” to which it was entitled under the joint venture agreements with each of these entities to purchase
from the former shareholders their equity holding. The consideration for the outstanding share equity in each of Atvio and CureCell
consisted solely of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of Atvio, Orgenesis issued to the former Atvio shareholders an
aggregate of 83,965 shares of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of CureCell, Orgenesis Inc. issued to the former
CureCell shareholders an aggregate of 202,846 shares of Orgenesis Common Stock subject to a third-party valuation. Together with
MaSTherCell S.A., Atvio and CureCell are directly held subsidiaries under Masthercell Global (collectively, the “Masthercell Global
Subsidiaries”).
Material Developments During Fiscal 2018
Funding from SFPI
On November 15, 2017, we, MaSTherCell and the Belgian Sovereign Funds Société Fédérale de Participations et d'Investissement
(“SFPI”) entered into a Subscription and Shareholders Agreement (the “ SFPI Agreement”) pursuant to which SFPI completed an equity
investment in MaSTherCell in the aggregate amount of €5 million (approximately $5.9 million), for approximately 16.7% of MaSTherCell.
The equity investment commitment included the conversion of the outstanding loan and accrued interest of Euro 1.07 million
(approximately $1.18 million), previously made by SFPI to MaSTherCell.
Following the SFPI investment in MaSTherCell, in November 2017, MaSTherCell announced the expansion by 600m² of its
facility in Belgium with a dedicated, late-stage clinical and commercial cGMP unit, which was opened in the first quarter of 2019. This new
expansion enables MaSTherCell to augment its commercial capabilities in Europe with five state-of-the-art advanced manufacturing units
and extended GMP-accredited quality control (QC) laboratories. On June 13, 2018, SPFI has paid the balance of Euro 1.9 million
(approximately $2.3 million) to MaSTherCell.
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Consolidation of CDMO Entities and Strategic Funding
On June 28, 2018, the Company, Masthercell Global Inc., a Delaware company and a newly formed subsidiary of the Company
that holds our business relating to the third party contract manufacturing for cell therapy companies (CDMO) (“Masthercell Global”),
Great Point Partners, LLC, a manager of private equity funds focused on growing small to medium sized heath care companies (“Great
Point”), and certain of Great Point’s affiliates, entered into a series of definitive strategic agreements intended to finance, strengthen and
expand Orgenesis’ CDMO business. In connection therewith, the Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II Masthercell, LLC, a Delaware
limited liability company (“GPP-II”) and an affiliate of Great Point entered into Stock Purchase agreement (the “SPA”) pursuant to which
GPP-II purchased 378,000 shares of newly designated Series A Preferred Stock of Masthercell Global (the “Masthercell Global Preferred
Stock”), representing 37.8% of the issued and outstanding share capital of Masthercell Global, for cash consideration to be paid into
Masthercell Global of up to $25 million, subject to certain adjustments (the “Consideration”). Orgenesis holds 622,000 shares of
Masthercell Global’s Common Stock, representing 62.2% of the issued and outstanding equity share capital of Masthercell Global. An
initial cash payment of $11.8 million of the Consideration was remitted at closing, with a follow up payment of $6,600,000 to be made in
each of years 2018 and 2019 (the “Future Payments”), or an aggregate of $13.2 million, if (a) Masthercell Global achieves specified
EBITDA and revenues targets during each of these years, and (b) the Orgenesis’ shareholders approve certain provisions of the
Stockholders’ Agreement referred to below on or before December 31, 2019. None of the future Consideration amounts, if any, will result
in an increase in GPP-II’s equity holdings in Masthercell Global beyond the 378,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued to GPP-II at
closing. The proceeds of the investment will be used to fund the activities of Masthercell Global and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, GPP-II may, in its sole discretion, elect to pay all or a portion of the future Consideration amounts even if
the financial targets described above have not been achieved and the Orgenesis Stockholder Approval has not been obtained. In satisfaction
of the first of the two conditions described above, Masthercell Global achieved the specified EBITDA and revenues targets in 2018 as
described in the SPA and received $6,600,000 of the Future Payments on January 16, 2019.
In connection with the entry into the SPA described above, each of the Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II entered into the
Masthercell Global Inc. Stockholders’ Agreement (the “Stockholders’ Agreement”) providing for certain restrictions on the disposition of
Masthercell Global securities, the provisions of certain options and rights with respect to the management and operations of Masthercell
Global, certain favorable, preferential rights to GPP-II (including, without limitation, a tag right, drag right and certain protective
provisions), a right to exchange the Masthercell Global Preferred Stock for shares of Orgenesis common stock and certain other rights and
obligations. In addition, after the earlier of the second anniversary of the closing or certain enumerated circumstances, GPP-II is entitled to
effectuate a spinoff of Masthercell Global and the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries (the “Spinoff”). The Spinoff is required to reflect a
market value determined by one of the top ten independent accounting firms in the U.S. selected by GPP-II, provided that under certain
conditions, such market valuation shall reflect a valuation of Masthercell Global and the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries of at least $50
million. In addition, upon certain enumerated events as described below, GPP-II is entitled, at its option, to put to the Company (or, at
Company’s discretion, to Masthercell Global if Masthercell Global shall then have the funds available to consummate the transaction) its
shares in Masthercell Global or, alternatively, purchase from the Company its share capital in Masthercell Global at a purchase price equal
to the fair market value of such equity holdings as determined by one of the top ten independent accounting firms in the U.S. selected by
GPP-II, provided that the purchase price shall not be greater than three times the price per share of Masthercell Global Preferred Stock paid
by GPP-II and shall not be less than the price per share of Masthercell Global Preferred Stock paid by GPP-II . GPP-II may exercise its put
or call option upon the occurrence of any of the following: (i) there is an Activist Shareholder of the Company; (ii) the Chief Executive
Officer and/or Chairman of the board of directors of the Company resigns or is replaced, removed, or terminated for any reason prior to
June 28, 2023; (iii) there is a Change of Control event of the Company; or (iv) the industry expert director appointed to the board of
directors of Masthercell Global is removed or replaced (or a new such director is appointed) without the prior written consent of GPP-II.
For the purposes of the foregoing, the following definitions shall apply: (A) “Activist Shareholder” shall mean any Person who acquires
shares of capital stock of the Company who either: (x) acquires more than a majority of the voting power of the Company, (y) actively
takes over and controls a majority of the board of directors of the Company, or (z) is required to file a Schedule 13D with respect to such
Person’s ownership of the Company and has described a plan, proposal or intent to take action with respect to exerting significant pressure
on the management of or directors of, the Company; and (B) “Change of Control” shall mean any of: (a) the acquisition, directly or
indirectly (in a single transaction or a series of related transactions) by a Person or group of Persons of either (I) a majority of the common
stock of the Company (whether by merger, consolidation, stock purchase, tender offer, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise), or (II)
all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries (but only if such transaction includes the transfer of Securities held
by the Company), (b) if any four (4) of the directors of the Company as of June 28, 2018 are removed or replaced or for any other reason
cease to serve as directors of the Company, (c) the filing of a petition in bankruptcy or the commencement of any proceedings under
bankruptcy laws by or against the Company, provided that such filing or commencement shall be deemed a Change of Control immediately
if filed or commenced by the Company or after sixty (60) days if such filing is initiated by a creditor of the Company and is not dismissed;
(d) insolvency of the Company that is not cured by the Company within thirty (30) days; (e) the appointment of a receiver for the
Company, provided that such appointment shall constitute an Change of Control immediately if the appointment was consented to by the
Company or after sixty (60) days if not consented to by the Company and such appointment is not terminated; or (f) or dissolution of the
Company .
-59-
The Stockholders’ Agreement further provides that GPP-II is entitled, at any time, to convert its share capital in Masthercell
Global for the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to the lesser of (a)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s shares of Masthercell
Global Preferred Stock to be exchanged, as determined by one of the top ten independent accounting firms in the U.S. selected by GPP-II
and the Company, divided by (ii) the average closing price per share of Orgenesis Common Stock during the thirty (30) day period ending
on the date that GPP-II provides the exchange notice (the “Exchange Price”) and (b)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s shares of
Masthercell Global Preferred Stock to be exchanged assuming a value of Masthercell Global equal to three and a half (3.5) times the
revenue of Masthercell Global during the last twelve (12) complete calendar months immediately prior to the exchange divided by (ii) the
Exchange Price; provided, that in no event will (A) the Exchange Price be less than a price per share that would result in Orgenesis having
an enterprise value of less than $250,000,000 and (B) the maximum number of shares of Orgenesis Common Stock to be issued shall not
exceed 2,704,247 shares of outstanding Orgenesis Common Stock (representing approximately 19.99% of then outstanding Orgenesis
Common Stock), unless Orgenesis obtains shareholder approval for the issuance of such greater amount of shares of Orgenesis Common
Stock in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market. Such shareholder approval for a greater number was
obtained on October 23, 2018.
Great Point and Masthercell Global entered into an advisory services agreement pursuant to which Great Point is to provide
management services to Masthercell Global for which Great Point will be compensated at an annual base compensation equal to the greater
of (i) $250,000 per each 12 month period or (ii) 5% of the EBITDA for such 12 month period, payable in arrears in quarterly installments;
provided, that these payments will (A) begin to accrue immediately, but shall not be paid in cash to Great Point until such time as
Masthercell Global generates EBITDA of at least $2,000,000 for any 12 month period or the sale of or change in control of Masthercell
Global, and (B) shall not exceed an aggregate annual amount of $500,000. Such compensation accrues but is not owed to Great Point until
the earlier of (i) Masthercell Global generating EBITDA of at least $2 million for any 12 months period following the date of the
agreement or (ii) a Sale of the Company or Change of Control of the Company (as both terms are defined therein).
GPP Securities, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Great Point and Masthercell Global entered into a
transaction services agreement pursuant to which GPP Securities, LLC is to provide certain brokerage services to Masthercell Global for
which GPP Securities LLC will be entitled to a certain Exit Fee and Transaction Fee (as both terms are defined in the agreement), such fees
not to be less than 2 percent of the applicable transaction value.
Corporate Reorganization
Contemporaneous with the execution of the SPA and the Stockholders’ Agreement, Orgenesis and Masthercell Global entered into
a Contribution, Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to which Orgenesis contributed to Masthercell Global the Orgenesis’
assets relating to the CDMO Business (as defined below), including the CDMO subsidiaries (the “Corporate Reorganization”). In
furtherance thereof, Masthercell Global, as Orgenesis’ assignee, acquired all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Atvio, the
Company’s Israel based CDMO partner since May 2016, and 94.12% of the share capital of CureCell, the Company’s Korea based CDMO
partner since March 2016. Orgenesis exercised the” call option” to which it was entitled under the joint venture agreements with each of
these entities to purchase from the former shareholders their equity holding. The consideration for the outstanding share equity in each of
Atvio and CureCell consisted solely of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of Atvio, Orgenesis issued to the former
Atvio shareholders an aggregate of 83,965 shares of Orgenesis common stock. In respect of the acquisition of CureCell, Orgenesis Inc.
issued to the former CureCell shareholders an aggregate of 202,846 shares of Orgenesis Common Stock subject to a third-party valuation.
Together with MaSTherCell S.A., Atvio and CureCell are directly held subsidiaries under Masthercell Global (collectively, the
“Masthercell Global Subsidiaries”).
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Masthercell Global, through the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries, will be engaged in the business of providing manufacturing and
development services to third parties related to cell therapy products, and the creation and development of technology, and optimizations in
connection with such manufacturing and development services for third parties (the “CDMO Business”). Under the terms of the
Stockholders’ Agreement, Orgenesis has agreed that so long as it owns equity in Masthercell Global and for two years thereafter it will not
engage in the CDMO Business, except through Masthercell Global (but may continue to engage in its other areas of business). In addition,
except for certain limited circumstances, each of Orgenesis and GPP-II agreed in the Stockholders’ Agreement to not recruit or solicit or
hire any officer or employee of Masthercell Global that was or is involved in the CDMO Business.
We intend, through our direct subsidiaries, to continue to engage in the manufacturing, researching, marketing, developing, selling
and commercializing (either alone or jointly with third parties) products that are not directly related to the CDMO business, including, joint
ventures, collaboration, partnership or similar arrangement with a third party.
Change of Fiscal Year
On October 22, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from
November 30 to December 31 of each year. This change to the calendar year reporting cycle began January 1, 2019. As a result of the
change, the Company will have a December 2018 fiscal month transition period, the results of which will be separately reported in the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the calendar quarters ending March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2019, and
in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the calendar year ending December 31, 2019.
Collaboration Agreements with Immugenyx and Hemogenyx
On October 16, 2018, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Immugenyx, LLC (“Immugenyx”), a wholly owned
subsidiary of Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc (“Hemogenyx”). Immugenyx will collaborate with the Company to further the development
and commercialization of its advanced hematopoietic chimeras (“AHC”). AHC, a new type of humanized mouse with a functional human
immune system, is being developed by Immugenyx as an in vivo platform for disease modelling, drug and cell therapy development.
Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we shall receive the worldwide rights to market the products and shall serve as a global distributor
of Immugenyx’s products. Immugenyx will retain exclusive rights to manufacture, make and supply to the Company or our affiliates all the
Immugenyx technology and/or licensed products that are marketed, sold or otherwise commercialized by the Company. In consideration
for the license, we and/or our affiliates will advance to Immugenyx a convertible loan in an amount of no less than $1.0 million for
advancing the development of humanized mice models and related antibody development. We also agreed to pay a royalty of 12% of our
net revenues resulting from the sale or licensing of products involving the use of Immugenyx’s AHC technology. As of November 30,
2018, we have funded $0.5 million.
On October 18, 2018, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc to collaborate on the
development and commercialization of Hemogenyx’s Human Postnatal Hemogenic Endothelial (“Hu-PHEC”) technology. Hu-PHEC is a
cell replacement product candidate that is being designed to generate cancer-free, patient-matched blood stem cells after transplantation
into the patient. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we shall manufacture and supply all Hu-PHEC related products both during and
following completion of clinical trials. We shall also receive the worldwide rights to market the products and shall serve as a global
distributor of Hemogenyx’s Hu-PHEC related products. In consideration for the license, we and/or our affiliates will advance to
Hemogenyx a convertible loan in an amount of no less than $1.0 million for advancing the development of the Hu-PHEC technology. We
also agreed to pay a royalty of 12% of our net revenues resulting from the sale or licensing of products involving the use of Hemogenyx’s
Hu-PHEC technology. As of November 30, 2018, we have funded $0.5 million.
-61-
Convertible Note Agreements
During November 2018, we entered into private placement subscription agreements (the “Hemogenyx-Cell Subscription
Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”), pursuant to which we agreed to sell an aggregate principal amount of
$625,000 in a 2% Unsecured Convertible Note (the “Hemogenyx Convertible Note”), which is convertible, at the discretion of the Investor,
into either (i) units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”)
and one three-year warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, at a conversion price of $7.00
per unit (the “Units”) or (ii) shares of capital stock of Hemogenyx-Cell, a subsidiary of Hemogenyx, at a price per share based on a pre-
money valuation of Hemogenyx-Cell of $12,000,000 (the “Hemogenyx Securities”) pursuant to the previously disclosed collaboration
agreement with Hemogenyx.
In addition, on such same month, we entered into a private placement subscription agreement (the “Immugenyx Subscription
Agreement”) with the Investors, pursuant to which we agreed to sell an aggregate principal amount of $625,000 in a 2% Unsecured
Convertible Note (the “Immugenyx Convertible Note ”). The Investors may convert all or any portion of the outstanding principal amount
of the Immugenyx Convertible Note, plus accrued interest thereon, into the, at the discretion of the Investors, either (i) units, each unit
consisting of one share of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”) and one three-year warrant to
purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, at a conversion price of $7.00 per unit (the “Units”) or (ii)
shares of capital stock of Immugenyx , at a price per share based on a pre-money valuation of Immugenyx of $8,000,000 (the “Immugenyx
Securities”) pursuant to the previously disclosed collaboration agreement with Immugenyx.
The entire principal amount, plus accrued interest thereon, shall automatically convert into Units if at any time from and after the
date hereof, the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market (or other national stock exchange or market
on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted) equals or exceeds $20.00 per share (which amount may be adjusted for certain capital
events, such as stock splits) for thirty (30) consecutive trading days.
The Convertible Notes contain standard and customary events of default including, but not limited to, failure to make payments
when due, failure to observe or perform covenants or agreements contained in the Convertible Notes, the breach of any material
representation or warranty contain therein or the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company. If any event of default occurs, subject to any
cure period, the full principal amount, together with interest (including default interest of 12% per annum) and other amounts owing in
respect thereof to the date of acceleration shall become, at the Investor’s election, immediately due and payable in cash.
The Warrants included in the Units expire three years from the date of issuance and have an exercise price of $7.00 per share. If at
any time from and after the date of issuance, the closing price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market (or other national stock
exchange or market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted) equals or exceeds $20.00 per share (which amount may be
adjusted for certain capital events, such as stock splits, as described herein) for thirty (30) consecutive trading days, then the Company
shall have the right to require the holder to exercise all or any portion of the Warrant still unexercised for a cash exercise into shares of
Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.
-62-
Results of Operations
Comparison of the year ended November 30, 2018 to the year ended November 30, 2017
Our financial results for the year ended November 30, 2018 are summarized as follows in comparison to the year ended
November 30, 2017:
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
Revenues
Cost of sales
Research and development expenses, net
Amortization of intangible assets
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other income
Share in losses of associated company
Financial expense, net
Loss before income taxes
Revenues
Services
Goods
Total
$
$
$
$
(in thousands)
$
18,655
10,824
6,464
1,913
16,303
(2,930)
731
3,117
17,767
10,089
6,807
2,478
1,631
9,189
-
1,214
2,447
13,677
$
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
(in thousands)
14,065
4,590
18,655
$
$
8,024
2,065
10,089
All our revenues were derived from the CDMO segment, most of which were generated from our Belgian Subsidiary,
MaSTherCell S.A. We believe that revenue diversification by source in the CDMO segment, together with a leading position in
immunotherapy and, in particular, CAR T-cell therapy development and manufacturing, strengthened MaSTherCell’s resilience in the
industry.
Our revenues for the year ended November 30, 2018 were $18,655 thousand, as compared to $10,089 thousand for the
corresponding period in 2017, representing an increase of 85%. The increase in revenues for the year ended November 30, 2018 compared
to the corresponding period in 2017 is attributable to an increase in the projects provided by MaSTherCell S.A, resulting primarily from the
extension of existing customer service contracts with biotechnology clients, as well as from revenues generated from existing
manufacturing agreements.
In addition, we acquired all the issued and outstanding share capital of Atvio, our Israel-based CDMO partner since August 2016,
and 94.12% of the share capital of CureCell, our Korea-based CDMO partner since March 2016, which are both reflected in the increase in
our revenues from services provided of $1,174 thousand during the year ended November 30, 2018.
Backlog
We define our backlog as products that we are obligated to deliver or services to be rendered based on firm commitments relating
to purchase orders received from customers. As of November 30, 2018, MaSTherCell S.A. had a backlog of approximately $12.6 million,
consisting of services that we expect to deliver into fiscal year 2019. However, no assurance can be provided that such contracts will not be
cancelled, in which case we will not be authorized to deliver and record the anticipated revenues.
-63-
Expenses
Cost of Revenues
Salaries and related expenses
Stock-based compensation
Professional fees and consulting services
Raw materials
Depreciation and amortization expenses, net
Other expenses
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
(in thousands)
$
$
4,915
126
145
4,614
391
633
10,824
$
$
2,642
-
-
2,692
986
487
6,807
Cost of revenues for the year ended November 30, 2018 were $10,824 thousand, as compared to $6,807 thousand during the same
period in 2017, representing an increase of 59%. The increase for the year ended November 30, 2018 as compared to the corresponding
period in 2017 is primarily attributed to the following:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
An increase in salaries and related expenses of $2,273 thousand, primarily attributable to an increase of activities and operational
staff. This is in line with the increase in revenue of MaSTherCell S.A., as well as the inclusion of salaries and related expenses of
Atvio and CureCell for the five months ended in November 30, 2018 (not included in the prior year).
An increase of stock-based compensation for the year ended November 30, 2018 generated from options granted to employees.
An increase of $1,922 thousand in raw materials, mainly attributed to the growth in the volume of services provided by
MaSTherCell S.A., both from existing and new manufacturing agreements.
A decrease of $595 thousand in depreciation and amortization expenses. This was primarily attributable to the increase in the
production facility and laboratory equipment useful life from 10 to 20 years and from 5 to 3 years, respectively. This change
occurred in the last quarter of 2017.
Research and Development Expenses
Salaries and related expenses
Stock-based compensation
Professional fees and consulting services
Lab expenses
Depreciation expenses, net
Other research and development expenses
Less – grant
Total
Year Ended November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
$
$
2,077
659
605
3,370
320
355
(922)
6,464
$
$
1,181
711
854
287
110
183
(848)
2,478
The increase in research and development expenses reflects management’s determination to move transdifferentiating technology
to the next the stage towards clinical studies. In the fiscal year ended 2018, we focused primarily on combining the in vitro research to
increase insulin production and secretion with pre-clinical studies aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the product in rodents'
model. In addition, we evaluated new transplantation methods during this period. Sourcing of the starting material (liver sampling and cell
collection) and upscaling of virus production and cell propagation using advanced technologies complement this effort with the target to
establish start to end production capabilities.
The scope of research and development expenses was also expanded to the evaluation and development of new cell therapies
related technologies in the field of immunoncology, liver pathologies and others. In furtherance of these developments, salaries and related
expenses increased for the year ended November 30, 2018 compared to 2017, primarily due to the expansion of our development team in
Israel and Belgium.
-64-
Research and development expenses (net) for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018 were $6,464 thousand, as compared to
$2,478 thousand for the same period in 2017, representing an increase of 160%. The increase in research and development, net expenses in
the year ended November 30, 2018 is primarily attributable to the following:
(i)
(ii)
An increase of $896 thousand in salaries and related expenses primarily attributable to an increase of activities and
operational staff.
A decrease of $249 thousand in the expenses of professional fees and consulting services, mostly related to the conclusion
of the BIRD and KORIL projects in Orgenesis Ltd. and decrease in consultant service in Orgenesis Maryland Inc
(iii)
An increase of $3,083 thousand of lab expenses, mostly attributed to new therapeutics projects and to the DGO6 project.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Salaries and related expenses
Stock-based compensation
Accounting and legal fees
Professional fees
Rent and related expenses
Business development
Other general and administrative expenses
Total
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
(in thousands)
$
$
4,581
3,399
2,528
2,000
1,281
1,557
957
16,303
$
$
2,862
1,155
1,773
2,017
859
599
(76)
9,189
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018 were $16,303 thousand, as compared to
$9,189 thousand for the same period in 2017, representing an increase of 77%. The increase is primarily attributable to:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
An increase of $1,719 thousand in salaries and related expenses as a result of additional managerial appointments, and
salaries and related expenses of CureCell, Atvio and Masthercell Global not previously consolidated.
An increase of $2,244 thousand in stock-based compensation as a result of options granted to employees and consultants.
An increase of $755 thousand in accounting and legal fees mainly attributed to expenses related to the Company’s Nasdaq
listing, and legal and accounting services related to the strategic agreements with GPP-II and the CureCell and Atvio
consolidation.
An increase of $422 thousand in rent and related expenses mainly related to the occupation of additional space rented by
MaSTherCell S.A. and to rent and related expenses in 2018 of CureCell and Atvio (not previously consolidated).
An increase of $958 thousand in business development expenses related to the increase in the related activities during the
year.
(vi) An increase of $1,033 thousand in other general and administrative expenses related to the increase in filing and other
fees.
-65-
Financial Expenses, net
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
Changes in fair value financial liabilities and assets measured at fair value
Stock-based compensation related to warrants granted debt holders
Interest expense on convertible loans and loans
Foreign exchange loss, net
Other expenses
Total
$
$
$
(in thousands)
50
180
2,753
129
7
3,117
$
(902)
1,497
1,233
562
57
2,447
Financial expenses, net for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, increased by $670 thousand, compared to the same period in
2017. The increase in financial expenses is primarily attributable to:
(i)
(ii)
An increase of $952 thousand in fair value of the put options of Atvio.
A decrease of $1,317 thousand in stock-based compensation related to warrants granted to bondholders.
(iii)
An increase of $1,520 thousand in interest expenses on convertible loans and loans.
Tax expenses (income)
Tax expenses (income)
Total
Year Ended November 30,
2017
2018
(in thousands)
1,337
1,337
$
$
(1,310)
(1,310)
$
$
Tax expenses for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, increased by $2,647 thousand, compared to the same period in 2017.
The increase in tax expenses is mainly due to a decrease in deferred taxes related to carryforward losses in MaSTherCell S.A.
Working Capital
Current assets
Current liabilities
Working capital (deficiency)
November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
$
$
30,297 $
17,145
13,152 $
7,295
16,914
(9,619)
Current assets increased by $23,002 thousand, which was primarily attributable to the following: (i) an increase in cash and cash
equivalents due to proceeds from private placements of debt and equity securities and a cash payment and receivable of $16.9 million from
GPP-II to our subsidiary, Masthercell Global; (ii) an increase in inventory and accounts receivable due to the acquisition of CureCell and
(iii) higher sales of MaSTherCell.
-66-
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Net loss
Net cash used in operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
Year Ended November 31,
2017
2018
(in thousands)
(19,104)
$
(12,367)
(15,682)
(6,268)
35,060
13,110
$
(3,833)
(3,404)
8,365
1,128
$
$
Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through private placements and debt instruments and through revenues
generated from the activities of MaSTherCell S.A., our Belgian Subsidiary. As of November 30, 2018, we had positive working capital of
$13.2 million, including cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of $16.5 million.
Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $15.7 million for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, as compared
with net cash used in operating activities of approximately $3.8 million for the same period in 2017. We expanded our pre-clinical studies
in the U.S., Israel, Belgium and South Korea. The increase reflects management’s focus on moving our trans-differentiation technology
with first indication in Type 1 Diabetes to the next stage towards clinical trials. We also expanded our global activity of the CDMO
business with Masthercell Global, while maintaining the same level of cash used in operating activities as a result of the increased revenues
at our subsidiaries MaSTherCell, Cure Cell and Atvio, thereby increasing gross profit and generating cash to pay our ongoing operating
expenses. Additionally, we improved payment terms to our service providers.
Net cash used in investing activities for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018 was approximately $6.3 million, as compared
with approximately $3.4 million for the same period in 2017. Net cash used in investing activities was primarily for additions to fixed
assets at our subsidiaries, MaSTherCell, CureCell and Atvio.
During the year ended November 30, 2018, our financing activities consisted of proceeds from private placements of our equity
securities, warrants exercise and equity-linked instruments in the net amount of approximately $21.5 million and $12.6 million from SFPI
and GPP.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Outlook
We believe that our business plan will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our operating needs for the next 12 months. However,
there are factors that can impact our ability continue to fund our operating needs, including:
·
·
·
·
needs.
our ability to expand sales volume, which is highly dependent on implementing our growth strategy in Masthercell Global;
restrictions on our ability to continue receiving government funding for our PT business;
additional CDMO expansion into other regions that we may decide to undertake; and
the need for us to continue to invest in operating activities to remain competitive or acquire other businesses and technologies and to
complement our products, expand the breadth of our business, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth
opportunities.
If we cannot effectively manage these factors, we may need to raise additional capital before such date to fund our operating
From December 1, 2017 to the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we funded our operations primarily from the proceeds
from private placements of our equity securities and convertible debt and from revenues generated by Masthercell Global, mainly revenues
generated from MaSTherCell. From December 1, 2017 through November 30, 2018, we received, through MaSTherCell, proceeds of
approximately $17.3 million in revenues and accounts receivable from customers, $12.6 million from SFPI and GPP-II and $21.5 million
from private placements to accredited investors of our equity and convertible debt, net of finders’ fees, and exercise of warrants. In addition,
from December 1, 2018 through February 13, 2019, we raised $0.25 million from the private placement of our equity-linked securities, $6.6
million from GPP and proceeds of approximately $4.7 million in accounts receivable from customers of MaSTherCell.
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We believe that the investment consummated in June 2018 by an affiliate of GPP in our newly formed subsidiary, Masthercell
Global, which has included to the date of this report a total net amount of $16.9 million and, subject to meeting certain specified financial
targets and other conditions over the course of 2019, an additional $6.6 million, should cover the costs associated with the current business
plan of Masthercell Global.
In December 2018, we entered into a Controlled Equity Offering Sales Agreement, or Sales Agreement, with Cantor Fitzgerald &
Co., or Cantor, pursuant to which we may offer and sell, from time to time through Cantor, shares of our common stock having an
aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million. We will pay Cantor a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from
each sale. Shares sold under the Sales Agreement will be offered and sold pursuant to our Shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3
(Registration No. 333-223777) that was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2018, or the Shelf
Registration Statement, and a prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus that we filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on December 20, 2018. We have not yet sold any shares of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in the notes to our financial statements included in this Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018. We believe that the accounting policies below are critical for one to fully
understand and evaluate our financial condition and results of operations.
Fair Value Measurement
The fair value measurement guidance clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based
measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in the valuation of an asset or liability. It
establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the
highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest
priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the fair value measurement
guidance are described below:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2 - Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially
the full term of the asset or liability; or
Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and
unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).
We did not have any Level 1 or Level 2 assets and liabilities as of November 30, 2018 and 2017.
The derivative liabilities are Level 3 fair value measurements; we did not have any Level 3 assets and liabilities as of November
30, 2018.
Business Combination
The Company allocates the purchase price of an acquired business to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities
assumed based upon their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net
assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Acquired in-process backlog, customer relations, brand name and know how are recognized at fair
value. The purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the
acquisition date with respect to intangible assets. Direct transaction costs associated with the business combination are expensed as
incurred. The allocation of the consideration transferred in certain cases may be subject to revision based on the final determination of fair
values during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date. The Company includes the results of
operations of the business that it has acquired in its consolidated results prospectively from the date of acquisition.
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If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of the acquirer’s previously held equity
interest in the acquiree is re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains or losses arising from such re-measurement are
recognized in profit or loss.
Redeemable Non-controlling Interest
Non-controlling interests with embedded redemption features, whose settlement is not at the Company’s discretion, are considered
redeemable non-controlling interest. Redeemable non-controlling interests are considered to be temporary equity and are therefore
presented as a mezzanine section between liabilities and equity on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Subsequent adjustment of
the amount presented in temporary equity is required only if the Company's management estimates that it is probable that the instrument
will become redeemable. Adjustments of redeemable non-controlling interest to its redemption value are recorded through additional paid-
in capital.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue for services linked to cell process development and cell manufacturing services based on
individual contracts in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition, when the following criteria
have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery of the processed cells has occurred or the services that are
milestones based have been provided; the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company determines
that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists based on written contracts that define the terms of the arrangements. In addition, the
Company determines that services have been delivered in accordance with the arrangement. The Company assesses whether the fee is
fixed or determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or
adjustment. Service revenues are recognized as the services are provided. In addition, as part of the services, the Company recognizes
revenue based on use of consumables, which it received as reimbursement on a cost-plus basis on certain expenses.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired business over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net
assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually (at November 30), at the reporting unit level or
more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The goodwill impairment test is applied by
performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the reporting unit. If, on the basis of qualitative factors, it is
considered not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, further testing of goodwill for
impairment would not be required. Otherwise, goodwill impairment is tested using a two-step approach.
The first step involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit is
determined to be greater than its carrying amount, there is no impairment. If the reporting unit’s carrying amount is determined to be greater
than the fair value, the second step must be completed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. The second step involves calculating
the implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, of the reporting unit
from the fair value of the reporting unit as determined in step one. The implied fair value of the goodwill in this step is compared to the
carrying value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than the carrying value of the goodwill, an impairment loss
equivalent to the difference is recorded.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and
liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in
which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax
assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense is the tax payable or refundable for the period plus or minus the change
during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
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In addition, our management performs an evaluation of all uncertain income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the
course of preparing our income tax returns to determine whether the income tax positions meet a “more likely than not” standard of being
sustained under examination by the applicable taxing authorities. This evaluation is required to be performed for all open tax years, as
defined by the various statutes of limitations, for federal and state purposes.
On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed and enacted into law H.R. 1 (the “Tax Reform Law”). The Tax
Reform Law, effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, except for certain provisions, resulted in significant changes to
existing United States tax law, including various provisions that are expected to impact us. The Tax Reform Law reduces the federal
corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. We have analyzed the provisions of the Tax Reform Law to assess the
impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Impairment of LongLived Assets
We will periodically evaluate the carrying value of longlived assets to be held and used when events and circumstances warrant
such a review and at least annually. The carrying value of a longlived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash
flow from such asset is separately identifiable and is less than its carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by
which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the longlived asset. Fair value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows
discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on longlived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar manner,
except that fair values are reduced for the cost to dispose.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance on recognition and measurement of
financial assets and financial liabilities (ASU No. 2016-01) that will supersede most current guidance. Changes to the U.S. GAAP model
primarily affect the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure
requirements for financial instruments. In addition, the FASB clarified guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when
recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The accounting for other financial
instruments, such as loans, investments in debt securities, and financial liabilities, is largely unchanged. The classification and measurement
guidance became effective as of December 1, 2018. We do not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material
impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606)” (“Topic 606”) that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry specific guidance. Under the new
standard, a good or service is transferred to the customer when (or as) the customer obtains control of the good or service, which differs
from the risk and rewards approach under current guidance. The guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when
and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include capitalization of certain contract costs, consideration of the time value of
money in the transaction price and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in
certain circumstances. The guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue
and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers. The guidance is effective in annual reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company will implement the guidance for our
annual period ending on December 31, 2019 and interim periods within such annual periods, using the modified retrospective method and
will adjust the accumulated deficit and deferred revenue as of the adoption date.
Under current GAAP, the Company recognizes revenue for services linked to cell process development based on both the input
and output methods of measurement. The Company has evaluated the application of the requirements of ASC 606 to ‘recognize revenue
when or as the entity satisfies a performance obligation to its business. The Company has several types of revenue contracts:
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a)
Cell process development services
The Company has concluded that under the revised standard, contracts for cell process development services are in some
cases a single performance obligation (where promises offered to customers are not distinct within the context of the contract), and
in other cases have multiple performance obligations (where promises to the customers are distinct). In all cases the performance
obligations are satisfied over time. Under the new standard, the Company will recognize revenue over time using either a cost-based
input method or output method, whichever fairly depicts the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation, as
appropriate.
b)
Cell manufacturing services
Regarding revenues from cell manufacturing services, the Company concluded that these comprised a single performance
obligation. The progress towards completion will continue to be measured on an output measure based on direct measurement of the
value transferred to the customer (units produced).
c)
Tech transfer
The Company has concluded that under the revised standard, contracts for Tech Transfer services are considered a single
performance obligation and will be measured over time using a cost based input method where progress on the performance
obligation is measured by the proportion of actual costs incurred to the total costs expected to complete the contract.
The cost-based and output methods of revenue recognition require the Company to make estimates of costs to complete its
projects and the percentage of completeness on an ongoing basis. Significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to
these estimates. The effect of revisions to estimates related to the transaction price (including variable consideration relating to
reimbursement on a cost-plus basis on certain expenses) or costs to complete a project are recorded in the period in which the
estimate is revised. The adoption of the new standard is not expected to result in a material effect on the total stockholders’ equity
as of December 1, 2018.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a Consensus of the
FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2016-18”), which requires entities to include amounts generally described as restricted cash and
restricted cash equivalents in cash and cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on
the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual reporting periods (including interim periods within those annual reporting
periods) beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted this standard during the year ended November 30, 2018.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which supersedes the existing
guidance for lease accounting, “Leases (Topic 840)”. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize leases on their balance sheets, and leaves
lessor accounting largely unchanged. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018
and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted for all entities. ASU 2016-02 requires a modified retrospective
approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, the date of initial application, with an option to elect to use certain transition relief.
We expect to apply the ASU without adjusting the comparative periods and, if applicable, recognizing a cumulative effect adjustment to the
opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on our
consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-
13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for
credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit
losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected credit losses during the period. The measurement of expected credit
losses is based upon historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the
reported amount. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather
than as a direct write-down to the security. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim
periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
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In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification
Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”), which gives direction on which changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards require
an entity to apply modification accounting in Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718. In general, entities will apply the
modification accounting guidance if the value, vesting conditions or classification of the award changes. ASU 2017-09 is effective for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including
adoption in an interim period. We do not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee
Share-Based Payment Accounting” that expands the scope of ASC Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring
goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of ASC Topic 718 to nonemployee awards except for
certain exemptions specified in the amendment. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including
interim reporting periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. We
do not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):
Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminated the calculation of implied goodwill fair value. Instead, companies will
record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount of goodwill over its fair value. This guidance
simplifies the accounting as compared to prior GAAP. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The
Company does not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material impact on its consolidated financial
statements.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial
condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that
is material to stockholders.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information called for by Item 8 is included following the “Index to Financial Statements” on page F-1 contained in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act
and regulations promulgated thereunder) as of November 30, 2018, or the Evaluation Date. Based on such evaluation, those officers have
concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer , is responsible for establishing
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for our company. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in
Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s
principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of our company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of our company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
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The CureCell and Atvio acquisitions which were completed in the second half of 2018 were excluded from management’s
evaluation of internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018. Curecell and Atvio, collectively, represent 5% of our total
consolidated assets and 6% of our total consolidated revenues as of and for the year ended November 30, 2018.
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer , evaluated the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018. In making this evaluation, our management used the criteria set forth
in the Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.
Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of November
30, 2018 based on those criteria.
Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018 has been audited by Kesselman &
Kesselman, a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited (“PwC”), an independent registered public accounting firm,
as stated in their report which is included under "Item 8- Financial Statements".
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Prior to listing our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over
financial reporting as of November 30, 2017. As defined in Regulation 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, a “material
weakness” is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable
possibility that a material misstatement of our company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a
timely basis. The deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting was due to the applied risk-based approach which is indicative
of many small companies with limited number of staff in corporate functions which have insufficient segregation of duties and insufficient
controls over period end financial disclosure and reporting processes. Subsequently, the following had occurred in order to remediate the
material weakness: (a) during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, we hired additional qualified personnel to the corporate finance
team, as well as to our subsidiaries; (b) in the beginning of the third quarter of 2018, we engaged an internal control Sarbanes and Oxley
(SOX) expert to assist us in improving our internal processes and in reviewing the design and implementation of our internal control over
financial reporting; (c) during the year ended November 30, 2018, our procedures of internal control over financial reporting and made
changes to our processes to improve controls and increase efficiency, by implementing new, more efficient consolidating activities, and
migrating processes. Management believes that due to the foregoing, as of November 30, 2018, it has remediated the material weakness
previously identified.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
PART III
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our Directors and Executive Officers. The age of each Director and
Executive Officer listed below is given as of November 30, 2018.
Name
Vered Caplan
Neil Reithinger
Sarah Ferber
Denis Bedoret
David Sidransky (1)
Guy Yachin (1)
Yaron Adler (1)
Ashish Nanda (1)
Age
50
48
64
38
58
51
48
53
Position
Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Board of Directors
Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer
Chief Scientific Officer
Managing Director of MaSTherCell S.A
Director
Director
Director
Director
(1)
A member on each of the audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees.
Our Executive Officers
Vered Caplan – Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Board of Directors
Ms. Caplan has served as our CEO and Chairperson of the Board of Directors since August 14, 2014, prior to which she served as
Interim President and CEO commencing on December 23, 2013. She joined our Board of Directors in February 2012. She has 25 years of
industry experience, previously holding positions as CEO of Kamedis Ltd. from 2009 to 2014, CEO of GammaCan International Inc. from
2004 to 2007, director of the following companies: Opticul Ltd., Inmotion Ltd., Nehora Photonics Ltd., Ocure Ltd., Eve Medical Ltd.,
Menopause and PMS and Biotech Investment Corp. Ms. Caplan holds a M.Sc. in biomedical engineering from Tel Aviv University
specializing in signal processing; management for engineers from Tel Aviv University specializing in business development; and a B.Sc. in
mechanical engineering from the Technion– Israel Institute of Technology specialized in software and cad systems.
Neil Reithinger – Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer
Mr. Reithinger was appointed Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer on August 1, 2014. Mr. Reithinger is the Founder
and President of Eventus Advisory Group, LLC, a private, CFO-services firm incorporated in Arizona, which specializes in capital
advisory and SEC compliance for publicly-traded and emerging growth companies. He is also the President of Eventus Consulting, P.C., a
registered CPA firm in Arizona. Prior to forming Eventus, Mr. Reithinger was Chief Operating Officer & CFO from March 2009 to
December 2009 of New Leaf Brands, Inc., a branded beverage company, CEO of Nutritional Specialties, Inc. from April 2007 to October
2009, a nationally distributed nutritional supplement company that was acquired by Nutraceutical International, Inc., Chairman, CEO,
President and director of Baywood International, Inc. from January 1998 to March 2009, a publicly-traded nutraceutical company and
Controller of Baywood International, Inc. from December 1994 to January 1998. Mr. Reithinger earned a B.S. in Accounting from the
University of Arizona and is a Certified Public Accountant. He is a Member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and
the Arizona Society of Certified Public Accountants.
Prof. Sarah Ferber – Chief Scientific Officer
Prof. Ferber has served as the Company’s Chief Scientific Officer since her appointment on February 2, 2012. Since 2017, Prof.
Ferber has been the Principal Investigator of cell therapy for TMU DiaCure. Prof. Ferber studied biochemistry at the Technion under the
supervision of Professor Avram Hershko and Professor Aharon Ciechanover, winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2004. Most of the
research was conducted in Prof. Ferber’s Endocrine Research Lab. Prof. Ferber received Teva, Lindner, Rubin and Wolfson awards for this
research. Prof. Ferber’s research work has been funded over the past 15 years by the JDRF, the Israel Academy of Science foundation
(ISF), BIODISC and DCure. Prof. Ferber earned her B.Sc. from Technion-Haifa, a M.Sc. in Biochemistry from Technion-Haifa and a Ph.D.
in Medical Sciences from Technion-Haifa. She also holds a Post Doctorate degree in Molecular Biology from Harvard Medical School and
a degree in Cell Therapy Sciences from UTSW, Dallas.
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Dr. Denis Bedoret – General Manager of MaSTherCell, S.A.
Dr. Bedoret has served as the General Manager of MaSTherCell since his appointment on July 6, 2017. Dr. Bedoret joined
MaSTherCell in October 2016 as Chief Business and Administration Officer. Prior to joining MaSTherCell, from January 2014 to
September 2016, he held the position of Chief Operations Officer at Quality Assistance, a leading European analytical CRO where he was
also member of the board of directors. Between September 2011 and January 2014, Dr. Bedoret served as Engagement Manager at
McKinsey & Company, focusing on bio-pharmaceutical projects. Through those experiences, he gained a strong expertise in biologicals,
FDA and EMA regulations, as well as team management. He holds a degree in Veterinary Medicine, a Ph.D. in Life Sciences from ULg and
a post-doctorate degree in Immunology from Harvard Medical School.
On September 5, 2018, Dr. Bedoret was promoted to Managing Director of MaSTherCell. On January 22, 2019, Dr. Bedoret was
appointed as President of Masthercell Global.
Our Directors
Dr. David Sidransky – Director
Dr. Sidransky has served as a director since his appointment on July 18, 2013. Dr. Sidransky is a renowned oncologist and
research scientist named and profiled by TIME magazine in 2001 as one of the top physicians and scientists in America, recognized for his
work with early detection of cancer. Since 1994, Dr. Sidransky has been the Director of the Head and Neck Cancer Research Division at
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Department of Otolaryngology and Professor of Oncology, Cellular & Molecular
Medicine, Urology, Genetics, and Pathology at the John Hopkins University School of Medicine. Dr. Sidransky is one of the most highly
cited researchers in clinical and medical journals in the world in the field of oncology during the past decade, with over 460 peer reviewed
publications. Dr. Sidransky is a founder of a number of biotechnology companies and holds numerous biotechnology patents. Dr. Sidransky
has served as Vice Chairman of the board of directors, and was, until the merger with Eli Lilly, a director of ImClone Systems, Inc., a
global biopharmaceutical company committed to advancing oncology care. He is serving, or has served on, the scientific advisory boards of
MedImmune, LLC, Roche, Amgen Inc. and Veridex, LLC (a Johnson & Johnson diagnostic company), among others and is currently on
the board of Directors of Galmed and Rosetta Genomics Ltd. and chairs the board of directors of Advaxis and Champions Oncology, Inc.
Dr. Sidransky served as Director from 2005 until 2008 of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). He was the chairperson
of AACR International Conferences during the years 2006 and 2007 on Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Therapeutic Development:
Maximizing Opportunities for Personalized Treatment. Dr. Sidransky is the recipient of a number of awards and honors, including the 1997
Sarstedt International Prize from the German Society of Clinical Chemistry, the 1998 Alton Ochsner Award Relating Smoking and Health
by the American College of Chest Physicians, and the 2004 Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Award from the American Association of Cancer
Research. Dr. Sidransky received his BS in Chemistry from Brandies University and his medical degree from Baylor College of medicine
where he also completed his residency in internal medicine. His specialty in Medical Oncology was completed at Johns Hopkins University
and Hospital.
We believe Dr. Sidransky is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his education, medical background,
experience within the life science industry and his business acumen in the public markets.
Guy Yachin – Director
Mr. Yachin has served as a director since his appointment on April 2, 2012. Mr. Yachin has served as the President and CEO of
Serpin Pharma, a clinical stage Virginia-based company focused on the development of anti-inflammatory drugs, since April 2013. Mr.
Yachin is the CEO of Oasis Management, a Maryland-based consulting company, since 2010. Mr. Yachin is the CEO of NasVax Ltd., a
company focused on the development of improved immunotherapeutics and vaccines. Prior to joining NasVax, Mr. Yachin served as CEO
of MultiGene Vascular Systems Ltd., a cell therapy company focused on blood vessels disorders, leading the company through clinical
studies in the U.S. and Israel, financial rounds, and a keystone strategic agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd. He was CEO
and founder of Chiasma Inc., a biotechnology company focused on the oral delivery of macromolecule drugs, where he built the company’s
presence in Israel and the U.S., concluded numerous financial rounds, and guided the company’s strategy and operation for over six years.
Earlier, he was CEO of Naiot Technological Center Ltd., and provided seed funding and guidance to more than a dozen biomedical startups
such as Remon Medical Technologies Ltd., Enzymotec Ltd. and NanoPass Technologies Ltd. He holds a BSc. in Industrial Engineering
and Management and an MBA from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. Mr. Yachin served on the board of Peak
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from March 2014 to April 2016.
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We believe Mr. Yachin is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his education, experience within the life science
industry and his business acumen in the public markets.
Yaron Adler – Director
Mr. Adler has served as a director since his appointment on April 17, 2012. Mr. Adler is the chairman of ExitValley Ltd., an
equity-based crowdfunding platform, since April 2014 and the co-founder of a startup incubator, We Group Ltd. In 1999, Mr. Adler co-
founded IncrediMail Ltd. and served as its CEO until 2008 and President until 2009. In 1999, prior to founding IncrediMail, Mr. Adler
consulted Israeli startup companies regarding Internet products, services and technologies. Mr. Adler served as a product manager from
1997 to 1999, and as a software engineer from 1994 to 1997, at Tecnomatix Technologies Ltd., a software company that develops and
markets production engineering solutions to complex automated manufacturing lines that fill the gap between product design and
production, and which was acquired by UGS Corp. in April 2005. In 1993, Mr. Adler held a software engineer position at Intel Israel Ltd.
He has a B.A. in computer sciences and economics from Tel Aviv University.
We believe Mr. Adler is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his education, success with early-stage enterprises
and his business acumen in the public markets.
Ashish Nanda – Director
Mr. Nanda has served as a director since his appointment on February 22, 2017. Since 1998, Mr. Nanda has been the Managing
Director of Innovations Group, one of the largest outsourcing companies in the financial sector that employs close to 14,000 people
working across various financial sectors. Since 1992, Mr. Nanda has served as the Managing Partner of Capstone Insurance Brokers LLC
and, since 2009, has served as Managing Partner of Dive Tech Marine Engineering Services L.L.C. From 1991 to 1994, Mr. Nanda held
the position of Asst. Manager Corporate Banking at Emirates Banking Group where he was involved in establishing relationships with
business houses owned by UAE nationals and expatriates in order to set up banking limits and also where he managed portfolios of USD
$26 billion. Mr. Nanda holds a Chartered Accountancy from the Institute of Chartered Accountants from India.
We believe that Mr. Nanda is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his business experience and strategic
understanding of advancing the valuation of companies in emerging industries.
There are no family relationships between any of the above executive officers or directors or any other person nominated or
chosen to become an executive officer or a director. Pursuant to an agreement entered into between us and Image Securities fzc. (“Image”),
for so long as Image’s ownership of our company is 10% or greater, it was granted the right to nominate a director to our Board of
Directors. Mr. Nanda was nominated for a directorship at the 2017 annual meeting in compliance with our contractual undertakings.
Board of Directors
Our Board of Directors currently consists of five members. All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders.
At each annual meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire are elected to serve from the time of election
and qualification until the next annual meeting following election.
Management has been delegated the responsibility for meeting defined corporate objectives, implementing approved strategic and
operating plans, carrying on our business in the ordinary course, managing cash flow, evaluating new business opportunities, recruiting
staff and complying with applicable regulatory requirements. The Board of Directors exercises its supervision over management by
reviewing and approving long-term strategic, business and capital plans, material contracts and business transactions, and all debt and
equity financing transactions and stock issuances.
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Director Independence
Our Board of Directors is comprised of a majority of independent directors. In determining director independence, the Company
uses the definition of independence in Rule 5605(a)(2) of the listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market.
The Board has concluded that each of Dr. Sidransky, and Messrs. Yachin, Adler and Nanda is “independent” based on the listing
standards of the Nasdaq Stock Market, having concluded that any relationship between such director and our company, in its opinion, does
not interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Board Committees
Our Board of Directors has established an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee, with each comprised of independent directors in accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market and
applicable federal securities laws and regulations. The members of each committee are Dr. Sidransky and Messrs. Adler and Yachin.
Each committee operates under a written charter that has been approved by our Board of Directors. Copies of our committee
charters are available on the investor relations section of our website, which is located at http://www.orgenesis.com.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee (a) assists the Board of Directors in fulfilling its oversight of: (i) the quality and integrity of our financial
statements; (ii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to our financial statements and related disclosures; (iii) the
qualifications and independence of our independent auditors; and (iv) the performance of our independent auditors; and (b) prepares any
reports that the rules of the SEC require be included in our proxy statement for our annual meeting.
The Audit Committee held nine meetings in fiscal 2018. In addition, the Audit Committee reviewed and approved various
corporate items by way of written consent during the fiscal year 2018. The Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee
is an independent director in accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market and applicable federal securities laws and regulations.
In addition, the Board has determined that Dr. Sidransky is an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of Item 407(d)(5) of
Regulation S-K and has designated him to fill that role. See “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance – Directors” above
for descriptions of the relevant education and experience of each member of the Audit Committee.
At no time since the commencement of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal year was a recommendation of the Audit
Committee to nominate or compensate an external auditor not adopted by the Board of Directors.
The Audit Committee is responsible for the oversight of our financial reporting process on behalf of the Board of Directors and
such other matters as specified in the Audit Committee’s charter or as directed by the Board of Directors. Our Audit Committee is directly
responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of any registered public accounting firm engaged by us
for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for us (or to nominate the
independent registered public accounting firm for stockholder approval), and each such registered public accounting firm must report
directly to the Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee must approve in advance all audit, review and attest services and all non-audit
services (including, in each case, the engagement and terms thereof) to be performed by our independent auditors, in accordance with
applicable laws, rules and regulations.
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Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee (i) assists the Board of Directors in discharging its responsibilities with respect to compensation of
our executive officers and directors, (ii) evaluates the performance of our executive officers, and (iii) administers our stock and incentive
compensation plans and recommends changes in such plans to the Board as needed.
The Compensation Committee acted by unanimous written consent or held one meeting in fiscal 2018. In addition, the
Compensation Committee reviewed and approved various corporate items by way of written consent during the fiscal year 2018. The Board
of Directors has determined that each member of the Compensation Committee is an independent director in accordance with the rules of
The Nasdaq Stock Market and applicable federal securities laws and regulations.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee assists the Board in (i) identifying qualified individuals to become
directors, (ii) determining the composition of the Board and its committees, (iii) developing succession plans for executive officers, (iv)
monitoring a process to assess Board effectiveness, and (v) developing and implementing our corporate governance procedures and policies.
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee acted by unanimous written consent or held one meeting in fiscal 2018.
The Board has determined that each member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is an independent director in
accordance with the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market and applicable federal securities laws and regulations.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), requires officers and directors of the
Company and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent (10%) of the Common Stock outstanding to file initial statements of
beneficial ownership of Common Stock (Form 3) and statements of changes in beneficial ownership of Common Stock (Forms 4 or 5) with
the SEC. Officers, directors and greater than 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all such forms
they file.
Our records reflect that all reports which were required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, were filed on a timely basis, except that two reports, covering an aggregate of two transactions, were filed late by Vered
Caplan, two reports, covering an aggregate of two transaction, were filed late by David Sidransky, one report, covering an aggregate of one
transaction, was filed late by Guy Yachin, one report, covering an aggregate of one transaction, was filed late by Yaron Adler, one report,
covering an aggregate of one transaction, was filed late by Sarah Ferber, one report, covering an aggregate of eight transactions, was filed
late by Hugues Bultot, an initial report of ownership was filed late by David Sidransky and each of Ashish Nanda and Denis Bedoret did not
timely file one report covering an aggregate of one transaction.
Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics
Our Board of Directors has adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and
employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons
performing similar functions. Copies of our corporate code of conduct and ethics are available, without charge, upon request in writing to
Orgenesis Inc., 20271 Goldenrod Lane, Germantown, MD, 20876, Attn: Secretary and are posted on the investor relations section of our
website, which is located at www.orgenesis.com. The inclusion of our website address in this Annual Report on Form 10-K does not
include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We also intend to disclose any
amendments to the Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics, or any waivers of its requirements, on our website.
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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table shows the total compensation paid or accrued during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018, to our Chief
Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and our two next most highly compensated executive officers who earned more than
$100,000 during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018 and were serving as executive officers as of such date (the “named executive
officers”).
Summary Compensation Table
Name and
Principal
Position
Vered Caplan
CEO
Neil Reithinger
CFO, Treasurer & Secretary
Sarah Ferber
Chief Scientific Officer
Denis Bedoret, Managing
Director of MaSTherCell
Year
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
Salary
($)
Bonus
($)
226,122(3)
350,000
156,232(3)
150,000
266,452
(4)
112,652(4)
225,523
(5)
128,907(5)
211,847
(6)
208,542(6)
-
-
-
-
56,539
31,281
Stock
Awards
($)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Option
Awards
($) (1)
1,318,771
685,318
139,590
136,148
464
-
20,214
-
Non-Equity
Incentive
Plan
Compensa-
tion
($)
Non qualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
All Other
Compensation
($) (2)
Total ($)
80,697
1,975,590
63,262
1,054,812
-
-
406,042
248,800
42,796 (5)
268,783
43,328(5)
-
-
172,235
288,600
239,823
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
In accordance with SEC rules, the amounts in this column reflect the fair value on the grant date of the option awards granted to the
named executive, calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 718. Stock options were valued using the Black-Scholes model. The
grant-date fair value does not necessarily reflect the value of shares which may be received in the future with respect to these
awards. The grant-date fair value of the stock options in this column is a non-cash expense for the Company that reflects the fair
value of the stock options on the grant date and therefore does not affect our cash balance. The fair value of the stock options will
likely vary from the actual value the holder receives because the actual value depends on the number of options exercised and the
market price of our Common Stock on the date of exercise. For a discussion of the assumptions made in the valuation of the stock
options, see Note 15 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2018.
For 2018 and 2017, represents the compensation as described under the caption “All Other Compensation” below.
Due to cash flow considerations, part of the amounts earned have been deferred periodically and, as of November 30, 2018, an
aggregate of $195,501 has been deferred by agreement and accrued by the Company. See below under “Employment/Consulting
Agreements – Vered Caplan.”
As of November 30, 2018, an aggregate of $18,276 has been deferred and accrued by agreement and accrued the Company. See
below under “Employment/Consulting Agreements – Neil Reithinger.”
Due to cash flow considerations, Prof. Ferber has been deferring part of her salary and social benefits due thereon until such time as
our cash position permits payment of salary and benefits in full without interfering with our ability to pursue our plan. As of
November 30, 2018, such deferred amount totaled an aggregate of $404,791 for the years 2013 to 2018.
On July 6, 2017, MaSTherCell’s Board of Directors appointed Denis Bedoret as General Manager and day-to-day manager of
MaSTherCell, effective as of July 11, 2017. On September 5, 2018, Mr. Bedoret was promoted to Managing Director of
MaSTherCell. On January 22, 2019, Mr. Bedoret was appointed as President of Masthercell Global. Out of the 2018 amounts earned,
$241,835 was paid and $26,552 was deferred by agreement with MaSTherCell.
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All Other Compensation
The following table provides information regarding each component of compensation for 2018 and 2017 included in the All Other
Compensation column in the Summary Compensation Table above. Represents amounts paid in New Israeli Shekels (NIS) and converted at
average exchange rates for the year.
Name
Vered Caplan
Prof. Sarah Ferber
Automobile and
Communication
Related
Expenses
$ (1)
31,027
21,921
5,379
5,144
Israel-
related
Social
Benefits
$ (2)
49,670
41,371
37,418
38,183
Year
2018
2017
2018
2017
Total
$ (3)
80,697
63,262
42,797
43,328
(1)
(2)
Represents for Ms. Caplan, a leased automobile and communication expenses.
These are comprised of contribution by the Company to savings, severance, pension, disability and insurance plans generally
provided in Israel, including education funds and managerial insurance funds. For Ms. Caplan, this amount represents Israeli
severance fund payments, managerial insurance funds, disability insurance, supplemental education fund contribution, and social
securities. For Prof Ferber, this amount represents Israeli severance fund payments, managerial insurance funds, disability insurance,
supplemental education fund contribution, and social securities. See discussion below under “Employment/Consulting Agreements –
Vered Caplan and Sarah Ferber.”
Outstanding Equity Awards at November 30, 2018
The following table summarizes the outstanding equity awards held by each named executive officer of our company as of
November 30, 2018.
Name
Grant Date
Vered Caplan
Neil Reithinger
Dr. Denis Bedoret
Prof. Sarah Ferber
02-Feb-12(1)
22-Aug-14(1)
09-Dec-16(2)
06-Jun-17(3)
28-Jun-18(4)
22-Oct-18(5)
01-Aug-14(6)
09-Dec-16(2)
14-May-18(7)
02-Feb-12(1)
22-Oct-18(5)
Number of Shares
Underlying Unexercised
Options (#) Exercisable
Number of Shares
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
Option
Exercise
Price ($)
Option
Expiration
Date
278,191
230,189
145,834
83,334
-
-
16,667
72,918
1,875
231,826
-
-80-
-
-
20,833
-
250,001
85,000
10,416
13,125
-
3,750
0.0012
0.0012
4.8
7.2
8.36
5.99
6
4.8
8.43
0.0012
5.99
02-Feb-22
22-Aug-24
09-Dec-26
06-Jun-27
28-Jun-28
22-Oct-28
01-Aug-19
09-Dec-26
14-May-28
02-Feb-22
22-Oct-28
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
The options were fully vested as of November 30, 2018.
The options vested on a quarterly basis over a period of two years from the date of grant.
The options vested in two equal installments on December 6, 2018 and on June 6, 2018.
The option vested in two annual installments of 125,001 and 125,000 on each of the 6th and 12th month anniversaries from the date
of grant.
The options vest on a quarterly basis over a period of four years from the date of grant.
One quarter of the options vest at the end of each three months from the date of grant.
The options vested on a quarterly basis over a period of two years from the date of grant and were fully vested as of June 30, 2018.
Option Exercises in 2018
There were no option exercises by our named executive officers during our fiscal year ended November 30, 2018.
Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table
Vered Caplan
On August 14, 2014, our Board of Directors confirmed that Ms. Vered Caplan, who has served as our President and Chief
Executive Officer on an interim basis since December 23, 2013, was appointed as our President and Chief Executive Officer. In connection
with her appointment as our President and Chief Executive Officer, on August 22, 2014, our wholly-owned Israeli Subsidiary, Orgenesis
Ltd., entered into a Personal Employment Agreement with Ms. Caplan (the “Caplan Employment Agreement”). The Caplan Employment
Agreement replaced a previous employment agreement with Ms. Caplan dated April 1, 2012 pursuant to which she had served as Vice
President.
On March 30, 2017, we and Ms. Caplan entered into an employment agreement replacing the Caplan Employment Agreement (the
“Amended Caplan Employment Agreement”). Under the Amended Caplan Employment Agreement, which took effect April 1, 2017, Ms.
Caplan's annual salary continued at $160,000 per annum, subject to adjustment to $250,000 per annum upon the listing of the Company’s
securities on an Exchange. Ms. Caplan is also entitled to an annual cash bonus with a target of 25% of base salary, provided that the actual
amount of such bonus may be greater or less than the target amount. Ms. Caplan was entitled to a signing bonus of $150,000 upon
execution of the Amended Caplan Employment Agreement. Under the Amended Caplan Employment Agreement, Ms. Caplan is entitled to
the following social benefits typically provided to Israeli employees, computed on the basis of her base salary: (i) Manager's Insurance
under Israeli law pursuant to which the Company contributes between 6.5% and 7.5% (and Ms. Caplan contributes an additional 6%), (ii)
severance pay under Israeli law pursuant to which the Company contributes 8 1/3% and (iii) Education fund pursuant to which the
Company continues to contribute $3,677 a year. In addition, Ms. Caplan is also entitled to paid annual vacation days, annual recreation
allowance, sick leave and expenses reimbursement. In addition, we provide Ms. Caplan with a leased company car and a mobile phone.
Either we or Ms. Caplan may terminate the employment under the Amended Caplan Employment Agreement upon six months
prior written notice. Upon termination by us of Ms. Caplan’s employment without cause (as defined therein) or by Ms. Caplan for any
reason whatsoever, in addition to any accrued but unpaid base salary and expense reimbursement, she shall be entitled to receive an amount
equal to 12 months of base salary at the highest annualized rate in effect at any time before the employment terminates payable in
substantially equal installments. Upon termination by us of Ms. Caplan’s employment without cause (as defined therein) or by Ms. Caplan
for any reason following a Change of Control (as defined therein), in addition to any accrued but unpaid base salary and expense
reimbursement, she shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to 18 months of one and a half times annual base salary at the highest
annualized rate in effect at any time before the employment terminates payable in substantially equal installments.
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On May 10, 2017, we and Ms. Caplan further amended the Amended Caplan Employment Agreement pursuant to which Ms.
Caplan is entitled to a grant under the 2017 of options (the “Initial Option”) to purchase 83,334 shares of the Company’s common stock at a
per share exercise price equal to the Fair Market Value (as defined in our 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”)) of the Company’s
common stock on the date of grant The amendment further provides that beginning in fiscal 2018, subject to approval by the compensation
committee, Ms. Caplan is entitled to an additional option (the “Additional Option”; together with the Initial Option, the “Options”) under
the 2017 Plan for up to 250,000 shares of common stock of the Company to be awarded in such amounts per fiscal year as shall be
consistent with the Plan, in each case at a per share exercise price equal to the Fair Market Value (as defined in the Plan) of the Company’s
common stock on the date of grant.
In 2018, following the listing of the company’s securities on the NASDAQ market, Ms. Caplan’s annual salary was raised to
$250,000. On June 6, 2017 and June 28, 2018 the compensation committee approved a grant of 83,334 and 250,001 stock options,
respectively. In October 2018, Ms. Caplan was awarded a further bonus of $200,000 and 85,000 stock options. For additional information,
see the Outstanding Equity Awards table above.
The employment agreement also contains restrictive covenants for customary protections of the Company's confidential
information and intellectual property.
Neil Reithinger
Mr. Reithinger was appointed Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary on August 1, 2014. Mr. Reithinger’s employment
agreement stipulates a monthly salary of $1,500; payment of an annual bonus as determined by the Company in its sole discretion,
participation in the Company’s pension plan; grant of stock options as determined by the Company; and reimbursement of expenses. In
addition, on August 1, 2014, the Company entered into a financial consulting agreement with Eventus Consulting, P.C., an Arizona
professional corporation, of which Mr. Reithinger is the sole shareholder (“Eventus”), pursuant to which Eventus has agreed to provide
financial consulting services to the Company. In consideration for Eventus’ services, the Company agreed to pay Eventus according to its
standard hourly rate structure. The term of the consulting agreement was for a period of one year from August 1, 2014 and automatically
renews for additional one-year periods upon the expiration of the term unless otherwise terminated. Eventus is owned and controlled by
Neil Reithinger. As of November 30, 2018, Eventus was owed $18,276 for accrued and unpaid services under the financial consulting
agreement.
Prof. Sarah Ferber
Our wholly-owned Israeli Subsidiary, Orgenesis Ltd., entered into a Personal Employment Agreement with Prof. Ferber on
February 2, 2012 to serve as Chief Scientific Officer (the “Ferber Employment Agreement”) on a part time basis. Under the Ferber
Employment Agreement, Prof. Ferber earned an annual salary of the current New Israeli Shekel equivalent of $232,000 since September
2013. However, in order to reduce operating expenses and conserve cash, Prof. Ferber has been deferring a part of her salary and social
benefits due thereon until such time as our cash position permits payment of salary in full without interfering with our ability to pursue our
plan of operations, and, as of November 30, 2018, such deferred amount totaled an aggregate of $404,791. Under the Ferber Employment
Agreement, Prof. Ferber is entitled to the following social benefits out of her base salary typically provided to Israeli employees: (i)
Manager’s Insurance under Israeli law pursuant to which the Company contributes 2.5% (and Prof. Ferber contributes an additional 3.5%)
and, in addition, the Company contributes 1.25% towards loss of working capacity disability insurance, (ii) pension plan to which the
Company contributes 3.75% (and Prof. Ferber contributes an additional 3.5%), (iii) severance pay under Israeli law pursuant to which the
Company contributes 8 1/3% and (iv) Education fund pursuant to which the Company contributes 7.5% (and Prof. Farber contributes an
additional 2.5%). In addition, Prof. Ferber is also entitled to paid annual vacation days, annual recreation allowance, sick leave and
expenses reimbursement. In addition, we provide Prof. Ferber with a mobile phone.
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The Ferber Employment Agreement does not specify a stated term and either we or Ms. Ferber are entitled to terminate Prof.
Ferber’s employment upon four months’ notice other than in the case of a termination for cause. The Ferber Employment Agreement
contains customary provisions regarding confidentiality of information, non-competition and assignment of inventions.
In October 2018, Prof. Ferber was awarded 3,750 options. The options shall vest in equal quarterly installments over four years.
Denis Bedoret
Effective October 24, 2017, our subsidiary, MaSTherCell, entered into a management agreement with BM&C SPRL/BVBA, a
Belgian company owned by Denis Bedoret, for certain services to be performed by Dr. Bedoret on an exclusive and full-time basis (the
“Bedoret Agreement”). The agreement appoints Dr. Bedoret as General Manager of MaSTherCell, requires him to work 220 days annually
and stipulates compensation based on revenue with (i) a daily rate of Euro 800 until such time that MaSTherCell’s annual revenue reaches
Euro 10 million, (ii) a daily rate of Euro 850 until such time that MaSTherCell’s annual revenue reaches Euro 15 million and (iii) a daily
rate of Euro 900 until such time that MaSTherCell’s annual revenue exceeds Euro 15 million. Dr. Bedoret is also entitled to expense
reimbursement and a bonus equivalent to up 15% of the annual fees approved by MaSTherCell’s Board of Directors, subject to goals and
achievements to be agreed upon by the parties. Dr. Bedoret is also entitled to participation in Orgenesis’ equity incentive plan after six
months after the effective date. The Bedoret Agreement also contains customary termination clauses.
In May 2018, Dr. Bedoret was awarded 15,000 options. The options shall vest in equal quarterly installments over two years.
On September 5, 2018, Dr. Bedoret was promoted to Managing Director of MaSTherCell. On January 22, 2019, Dr. Bedoret was
appointed to President of Masthercell Global.
Potential Payments upon Change of Control or Termination following a Change of Control
Our employment agreements with our named executive officers provide incremental compensation in the event of termination, as
described herein. Generally, we currently do not provide any severance specifically upon a change in control nor do we provide for
accelerated vesting upon change in control. Termination of employment also impacts outstanding stock options.
Due to the factors that may affect the amount of any benefits provided upon the events described below, any actual amounts paid
or payable may be different than those shown in this table. Factors that could affect these amounts include the basis for the termination, the
date the termination event occurs, the base salary of an executive on the date of termination of employment and the price of our common
stock when the termination event occurs.
The following table sets forth the compensation that would have been received by each of the Company’s executive officers had
they been terminated as of November 30, 2018.
Name
Vered Caplan
Prof. Sarah Ferber
Salary
Continuation
$
$
* $
- $
Accrued
Vacation
Total Value
Bonus
62,500
-
Pay
$111,731
$183,534
$174,231
$183,534
(*)
Termination by Company without cause: $250,000
Termination without cause following a change in control: $375,000
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Director Compensation
The following table sets forth for each director certain information concerning his or her compensation for the year ended
November 30, 2018:
Fees
Earned
or
Paid in
Cash
($)
147,290
6,680
15,195
1,480
4,375
Stock
Awards
($)
Option
Awards
($) (1)
Non-equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
All Other
Compensation
($)
-
-
-
-
-
83,480
83,480
104,537
-
12,900
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total
($)
230,770
90,160
119,732
1,480
17,275
-
-
-
-
-
Name
Guy Yachin
Yaron Adler
Dr. David Sidransky
Hugues Bultot
Ashish Nanda
(1)
In accordance with SEC rules, the amounts in this column reflect the fair value on the grant date of the option awards granted to the
named executive, calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 718. Stock options were valued using the Black-Scholes model. The
grant-date fair value does not necessarily reflect the value of shares which may be received in the future with respect to these
awards. The grant-date fair value of the stock options in this column is a non-cash expense for the Company that reflects the fair
value of the stock options on the grant date and therefore does not affect our cash balance. The fair value of the stock options will
likely vary from the actual value the holder receives because the actual value depends on the number of options exercised and the
market price of our common stock on the date of exercise. For a discussion of the assumptions made in the valuation of the stock
options, see Note 15 (Stock Based Compensation) to our financial statements, which are included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
All directors receive reimbursement for reasonable out of pocket expenses in attending Board of Directors meetings and for
participating in our business.
On April 2, 2012, we entered into an agreement with Guy Yachin to serve as a member of our Board of Directors for a
consideration of $2,500 per month and an additional payment for every Board of Directors’ meeting at the rate of $300 for the first hour of
attendance and $200 for each additional hour or portion of an hour.
On April 17, 2012, we entered into an agreement with Yaron Adler to serve as a member of our Board of Directors. In
consideration for Dr. Sidransky’s services, we pay for his attendance at Board of Directors’ meetings at the rate of $300 for the first hour of
attendance and $200 for each additional hour or portion of an hour.
On July 17, 2013 we entered into an agreement with Dr. David Sidransky to serve as a member of our Board of Directors. In
consideration for Dr. Sidransky’s services, we pay for his attendance at Board of Directors’ meetings at the rate of $300 for the first hour of
attendance and $200 for each additional hour or portion of an hour.
Compensation Policy for Non-Employee Directors.
In October 2018, the Board of Directors adopted a compensation policy for non-employee directors which replaced the non-
employee director compensation terms discussed above. By its terms, the policy became effective November 2018. Under the adopted
policy, each director is to receive an annual cash compensation of $30,000 and the Chairman and Vice Chairman is paid an additional
$15,000 per annum. Each committee member will be paid an additional $7,500 per annum and each committee chairman is to receive
$15,000 per annum. Cash compensation will be made on a quarterly basis.
All newly appointed directors also receive options to purchase up to 6,250 shares of the Company’s common stock. All directors
are entitled on an annual bonus of options for 12,500 shares and each committee member is an entitled to a further option to purchase up to
1,250 shares of common stock and each committee chairperson to options for an additional 2,100 shares of common stock. In addition, the
Chairman and Vice Chairman shall be granted an option to purchase 4,200 shares of the Company’s ordinary shares. In all cases, the
options are granted at a per share exercise price equal to the closing price of the Company’s publicly traded stock on the date of grant and
the vesting schedule is determined by the compensation committee at the time of grant.
-84-
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of our executive officers has served as a member of the Board of Directors, or as a member of the compensation or similar
committee, of any entity that has one or more executive officers who served on our Board of Directors or Compensation Committee during
the fiscal year ended November 30, 2018.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of February 13,
2019 for (a) the named executive officers, (b) each of our directors, (c) all of our current directors and executive officers as a group and (d)
each stockholder known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our common stock. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance
with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. We deem shares of common stock that
may be acquired by an individual or group within 60 days of February 13, 2019 pursuant to the exercise of options or warrants to be
outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of such individual or group but are not deemed to be outstanding for
the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person shown in the table. Except as indicated in footnotes to this table, we
believe that the stockholders named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown
to be beneficially owned by them based on information provided to us by these stockholders. Percentage of ownership is based on
15,620,971 shares of common stock outstanding on February 13, 2019
Security Ownership of 5% or Greater Beneficial Owners
Name and Address of
Beneficial Owner
Oded Shvartz
130 Biruintei Blvd.
Pantelmon
Ilfov, Romania
Image Securities fzc.
2310, 23rd floor, Tiffany
Towers, JLT
Dubai, UAE
SFPI - FPIM (Societe Federale de Participations et
d'lnvestissement) SA
Avenue Louise 32, bte 4 at 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, BCE n°
253.445.063
Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers
Name and Address of
Beneficial Owner
Vered Caplan
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Neil Reithinger
14201 N. Hayden Road, Suite A-1
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership (1)
1,830,658
2,336,390 (2)
947,055(3)
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership (1)
894,006 (4)
100,001 (5)
-85-
Percent(1)
11.72%
13.39%
5.72%
Percent(1)
5.41%
<1%
Prof. Sarah Ferber
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Dr. Denis Bedoret
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Guy Yachin
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Dr. David Sidransky
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Yaron Adler
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
Ashish Nanda
c/o Orgenesis Inc.
20271 Goldenrod Lane
Germantown, MD 20876
232,295 (6)
1.47%
5,625 (7)
80,934 (8)
62,501 (9)
<1%
<1%
<1%
163,879 (10)
1.04%
- (11)
-
9%
Directors & Executive Officers as a Group (8 persons)
1,539,241
Notes:
(1) Percentage of ownership is based on 15,620,971 shares of our common stock outstanding as of February 13, 2019. Except as otherwise
indicated, we believe that the beneficial owners of the common stock listed above, based on information furnished by such owners,
have sole investment and voting power with respect to such shares, subject to community property laws where applicable. Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to
securities. Shares of common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days, are deemed
outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of the person holding such option or warrants but are not deemed
outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
(2) Including 1,832,538 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants at a price of $6.24 per share. The warrants are
exercisable over a three year period from the date of issuance.
(3) Under the terms of the SFPI Agreement since the Company uplisted to NASDAQ, SFPI is entitled to convert its MaSTherCell’s equity
interest into shares of our Common Stock based upon a conversion price of $6.24 (using an exchange rate of approximately $0.85), the
exercise period of the option is 3 years from the closing date of the SFPI Agreement. The $6.24 conversion price represents the price
after the previous stock split of the Company.
(4) Consists of (i) 508,380 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $0.0012 per share, (ii) 166,667
ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $4.80 per share, (iii) 83,334 ordinary shares issuable upon
exercise of outstanding options at a price of $7.20 per share, (iv) 125,000 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options
at a price of $8.36 per share and (v) 10,625 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $5.99 per share.
Does not include options for (i) 125,001 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $8.36 per share that are exercisable on June
28, 2019 and (ii) 74,375 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable quarterly after December
22, 2018.
-86-
(5) Consists of (i) 16,667 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $6.00 per share and (ii) 83,334
ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $4.80 per share.
(6) Consists of (i) 231,826 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $0.0012 per share and (ii) 469
ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $5.99 per share. Does not include options for 3,281 shares of
common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable quarterly after December 22, 2018.
(7) Consists of 5,625 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $8.43 per share. Does not include options
for 9,375 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $8.43 per share that are exercisable quarterly after December 30, 2018.
(8) Consists of (i) 39,267 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $10.2 per share and (ii) 41,667
ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $4.80 per share. Does not include options for 28,750 shares
of common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable on October 22, 2019.
(9) Consists of (i) 20,834 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $9 per share and (ii) 41,667 ordinary
shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $4.80 per share. Does not include options for 29,200 shares of
common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable in October 22, 2019.
(10) Includes (i) 58,908 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $9.48 per share and (ii) 41,667 ordinary
shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options at a price of $4.80 per share. Does not include options for 28,750 shares of
common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable on October 22, 2019.
(11) Does not include options for 27,100 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $5.99 per share that are exercisable on October
22, 2019.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Existing Equity Compensation Plans
The following table summarizes certain information regarding our equity compensation plans as of November 30, 2018:
-87-
Number of Securities
to be Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding Options
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options
(a)
1,040,942
1,805,465
2,846,407
(b)
$7.05
$3.37
$4.72
Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in
Column (a))
(c)
709,058
300,009
1,009,067
Plan Category
Equity compensation plans
approved by security holders (1)
Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders (2)
Total
(1)
Consists of the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan and the Global Share Incentive Plan (2012). For a short description of those plans see
Note 15 to our 2018 Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November
30, 2018.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTORS INDEPENDENCE
Transactions with Related Persons
Except as set out below, as of November 30, 2018, there have been no transactions, or currently proposed transactions, in which
we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets at
year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which any of the following persons had or will have a direct or indirect material
interest:
●
●
●
●
any director or executive officer of our company;
any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, shares carrying more than 5% of the voting rights attached to our
outstanding shares of common stock;
any promoters and control persons; and
any member of the immediate family (including spouse, parents, children, siblings and in laws) of any of the foregoing persons.
On September 15, 2014, the Company received a loan in the principal amount of $100,000 from Yaron Adler Investments (1999)
Ltd., an entity of which Mr. Yaron Adler, one of the Company’s non-employee director, is the sole shareholder. The loan, with an original
interest rate of 6% per annum, was repayable on or before March 15, 2015. The Loan currently bears a default interest rate of 24% per
annum and, as of November 30, 2017, the outstanding balance on the note was $166,581. The loan was converted into our common stock
in 2018.
In January 2017, the Company entered into definitive agreements with Image Securities fzc. (“Image”) for the private placement
of 2,564,115 units of the Company’s securities for aggregate subscription proceeds to the Company of $16 million at $6.24 price per unit.
Each unit is comprised of one share of the Company’s Common Stock and a warrant, exercisable over a three-years period from the date of
issuance, to purchase one additional share of Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24. The subscription proceeds were payable
on a periodic basis. Each periodic payment of subscription proceeds was evidenced by the Company’s standard securities subscription
agreement. During the year ended November 30, 2017, Image remitted $4.5 million to the Company, in consideration of which, the
investor received 721,160 shares of the Company’s Common Stock and three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional 721,160 shares
of the Company’s Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
In July 2018, the Company entered into definitive agreements with assignees of Image whereby these assignees remitted $4.6
million in respect of the units available under the original subscription agreement that have not been subscribed for, entitling such investors
to 702,307 units, with each unit being comprised of (i) one share of the Company's common stock and (ii) one three-year warrant to
purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
-88-
During 2018, the Company raised $6.9 million from Image entitling it to 1,111,380 shares of Common Stock and three-year
warrants for an additional 1,111,380 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24. Following this
remittance and those referred to in the previous paragraph, the Company received a total of $16 million out of the committed $16 million
subscription proceeds under such agreement
Pursuant to an agreement entered into between the Company and Image, so long as Image’s ownership of the company is 10% or
greater, it is entitled to nominate a director to the Company’s Board of Directors. Mr. Nanda was nominated for a directorship at the 2018
annual meeting in compliance with our contractual undertakings.
Pursuant to our Audit Committee charter adopted in March 2017, the Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving,
prior to our entry into any such transaction, all transactions in which we are a participant and in which any parties related to us have or will
have a direct or indirect material interest.
Named Executive Officers and Current Directors
For information regarding compensation for our named executive officers and current directors, see “Executive Compensation.”
Director Independence
See “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance – Director Independence” and “Directors, Executive Officers and
Corporate Governance – Board Committees” in Item 10 above.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The Board of Directors of the Company has appointed Kesselman & Kesselman, a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers
International Limited (“PwC”) as our independent registered public accounting firm (the “Independent Auditor”) for the fiscal year ending
November 30, 2018. The following table sets forth the fees billed to the Company for professional services rendered by PwC for the years
ended November 30, 2018 and 2017:
Services
Audit Fees (1)
Audit-Related fees (2)
Tax fees (3)
Total fees
2018
365,300
16,475
31,822
413,597
$
$
2017
211,000
22,000
-
233,000
$
$
(1)
(2)
Audit fees consisted of audit work performed in the preparation of financial statements, as well as work generally only the
independent registered public accounting firm can reasonably be expected to provide, such as statutory audits.
Audit related fees consisted principally of audits of employee benefit plans and special procedures related to regulatory filings
in 2018.
(3)
The tax fees were paid for reviewing various tax related matters.
Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-audit Services of Independent Public Accountant
Consistent with SEC policies regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has responsibility for appointing, setting
compensation and overseeing the work of our independent registered public accounting firm. In recognition of this responsibility, the Audit
Committee has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by our independent registered
public accounting firm.
-89-
Prior to engagement of an independent registered public accounting firm for the next year’s audit, management will submit an
aggregate of services expected to be rendered during that year for each of four categories of services to the Audit Committee for approval.
1. Audit services include audit work performed in the preparation of financial statements, as well as work that generally
only an independent registered public accounting firm can reasonably be expected to provide, including comfort letters, statutory audits,
and attest services and consultation regarding financial accounting and/or reporting standards.
2.
Audit-Related services are for assurance and related services that are traditionally performed by an independent
registered public accounting firm, including due diligence related to mergers and acquisitions, employee benefit plan audits, and special
procedures required to meet certain regulatory requirements.
3. Tax services include all services performed by an independent registered public accounting firm’s tax personnel except
those services specifically related to the audit of the financial statements, and includes fees in the areas of tax compliance, tax planning, and
tax advice.
4. Other Fees are those associated with services not captured in the other categories. The Company generally does not
request such services from our independent registered public accounting firm.
Prior to engagement, the Audit Committee pre-approves these services by category of service. The fees are budgeted and the Audit
Committee requires our independent registered public accounting firm and management to report actual fees versus the budget periodically
throughout the year by category of service. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage our
independent registered public accounting firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the
Audit Committee requires specific pre-approval before engaging our independent registered public accounting firm.
The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of its members. The member to whom such authority is
delegated must report, for informational purposes only, any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
PART IV
(a)
(1) Financial Statements
Our consolidated financial statements are set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated
herein by reference.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
No financial statement schedules have been filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K because they are not applicable or are
not required or because the information is otherwise included herein.
(3) Exhibits required by Regulation S-K
No.
3.1
3.2
3.3
Description
Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our registration statement on Form S-1, filed on April 2,
2009)
Certificate of Change Pursuant to Nevada Revised Statutes Section 78.209 (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our
current report on Form 8-K, filed on September 2, 2011)
Articles of Merger (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on September 2, 2011)
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No.
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
10.18
10.19
Description
Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form
8-K, filed on September 21, 2011)
Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on September
21, 2011)
Certificate of Correction, dated February 27, 2012 (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-
K/A, filed on March 16, 2012)
Certificate of Change Pursuant to Nevada Revised Statutes Section 78.209, as filed by Orgenesis Inc. on November 13, 2017
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 16, 2017)
Convertible Loan Agreement, dated December 6, 2013, with Mediapark A.G. (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our
current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 16, 2013)
Investment Agreement, dated December 13, 2013, with Kodiak Capital Group, LLC (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to
our current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 16, 2013)
Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 13, 2013, with Kodiak Capital Group, LLC (incorporated by reference to an
exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 16, 2013)
Form of subscription agreement (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on March 4,
2014)
Form of warrant (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on March 4, 2014)
Consulting Agreement, dated April 3, 2014, with Aspen Agency Limited (incorporated by reference to an exhibit our current
report on Form 8-K, filed on April 7, 2014)
Stock Option Agreement, dated April 3, 2014, with Aspen Agency Limited (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our
current report on Form 8-K, filed on April 7, 2014)
Form of subscription agreement with form of warrant (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-
K, filed on April 28, 2014)
Convertible Loan Agreement, dated May 29, 2014, with Nine Investments Limited (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to
our current report on Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2014)
Service Agreement between Orgenesis SPRL and MaSTherCell S.A., dated July 3, 2014 (incorporated by reference to an
exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on July 7, 2014)
Financial Consulting Agreement, dated August 1, 2014, with Eventus Consulting, P.C. (incorporated by reference to an
exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on August 5, 2014)
Personal Employment Agreement, dated August 1, 2014, by and between Orgenesis Inc. and Neil Reithinger (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on August 5, 2014)
Personal Employment Agreement, dated July 23, 2014, by and between Orgenesis Maryland Inc. and Scott Carmer
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on August 7, 2014)
Release Agreement, dated November 18, 2016, by and between Orgenesis Maryland Inc. and Scott Carmer (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 23, 2016)
Strategic Advisory Agreement, dated November 18, 2016, by and between Orgenesis Inc. and Scott Carmer (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 23, 2016)
Executive Employment Agreement, dated March 30, 2017, between Orgenesis Inc. and Vered Caplan (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, filed on July 24, 2017)
Amendment No. 1, dated May 10, 2017, to Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2017, between
Orgenesis Inc. and Vered Caplan (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, filed on July
24, 2017)
Share Exchange Agreement, dated November 3, 2014, by and between Orgenesis Inc. and MaSTherCell S.A. and Cell Therapy
Holding SA (collectively “MaSTherCell”) and each of the shareholders of MaSTherCell (incorporated by reference to an
exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 10, 2014)
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No.
10.20
10.21
10.22
10.23
10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
10.30
10.31
10.32
10.33
10.34
21.1*
23.1*
31.1*
31.2*
Description
Addendum No. 1, dated March 2, 2015, to Share Exchange Agreement, dated November 3, 2014, by and between Orgenesis
Inc., MaSTherCell, and each of the shareholders of MaSTherCell (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report
on Form 8-K, filed on March 5, 2015)
Escrow Agreement, dated February 27, 2015, by and between Orgenesis Inc., the shareholders of MaSTherCell S.A. and Cell
Therapy Holding SA, the bondholders of MaSTherCell S.A. and Securities Transfer Corporation (incorporated by reference to
an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on March 5, 2015)
Orgenesis Inc. Board of Advisors Consulting Agreement, dated March 16, 2015 (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our
current report on Form 8-K, filed on March 17, 2015)
Addendum No. 2, dated November 12, 2015, to Share Exchange Agreement, dated November 3, 2014, by and between
Orgenesis Inc., MaSTherCell, and each of the shareholders of MaSTherCell (incorporated by reference to an exhibit our
current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2015)
Joint Venture Agreement, dated March 14, 2016, by and between Orgenesis Inc. and CureCell Co., Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our annual report on Form 10-K, filed on February 28, 2017)
Joint Venture Agreement, dated May 10, 2016, by and between Orgenesis Inc. and Atvio Biotech Ltd. (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, filed on April 19, 2017)
Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated January 26, 2017, between Orgenesis Inc. and Image Securities FZC
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, filed on April 19, 2017)
Amendment No. 1, dated February 9, 2017, to the Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated January 26, 2017,
between Orgenesis Inc. and Image Securities FZC (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-
Q, filed on April 19, 2017)
2017 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A, filed
on March 30, 2017)
Collaboration and License Agreement, dated as of June 8, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and Mircod Limited (incorporated by
reference to an exhibit to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, filed on October 12, 2018)
Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated November 13, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and Avner Sonnino
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 20, 2018)
Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated November 21, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and an accredited investor
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on November 28, 2018)
Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated November 30, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and an accredited investor
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 6, 2018)
Private Placement Subscription Agreement, dated December 10, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and an accredited investor
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 14, 2018)
Controlled Equity Offering Sales Agreement, dated December 20, 2018, between Orgenesis Inc. and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
(incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on December 20, 2018)
List of Subsidiaries of Orgenesis Inc.
Consent of independent registered public accounting firm
Certification Statement of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Certification Statement of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
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No.
32.1**
32.2**
99.1
99.2
Description
Certification Statement of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Certification Statement of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
Global Share Incentive Plan (2012) (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K, filed on May
31, 2012)
Appendix – Israeli Taxpayers Global Share Incentive Plan (2012) (incorporated by reference to an exhibit to our current report
on Form 8-K, filed on May 31, 2012)
*Filed herewith
**Furnished herewith
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
Not applicable.
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Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
ORGENESIS INC.
By: /s/ Vered Caplan
Vered Caplan
Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Board of
Directors
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ Neil Reithinger
Neil Reithinger
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
Date: February 13, 2019
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By: /s/ Vered Caplan
Vered Caplan
Chief Executive Officer and Chairperson of the Board of
Directors (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ Neil Reithinger
Neil Reithinger
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal
Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ Guy Yachin
Guy Yachin
Director
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ David Sidransky
David Sidransky
Director
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ Yaron Adler
Yaron Adler
Director
Date: February 13, 2019
By: /s/ Ashish Nanda
Ashish Nanda
Director
Date: February 13, 2019
-94-
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-1
Page
F-2
F-4
F-6
F-7
F-9
F-10 to F-46
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Orgenesis Inc.:
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Orgenesis Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of November 30,
2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the two years
in the period ended November 30, 2018, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We
also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal
Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the
Company as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period
ended November 30, 2018 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our
opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018,
based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or
fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures
as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management has excluded CureCell and Atvio from its
assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2018 because they were acquired by the Company in purchase
business combinations during 2018. We have also excluded CureCell and Atvio from our audit of internal control over financial reporting.
CureCell and Atvio are wholly-owned subsidiaries whose total assets and total revenues excluded from management’s assessment and our
audit of internal control over financial reporting represent 5% and 6% respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts
as of and for the year ended November 30, 2018.
F-2
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Kesselman & Kesselman
Certified Public Accountants (Isr.)
A member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited
Tel-Aviv, Israel
February 13, 2019
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.
F-3
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)
Assets
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted Cash
Accounts receivable, net
Prepaid expenses and other receivables
GPP receivable, see Note 3
Receivables from related party
Grants receivable
Inventory
Total current assets
NON CURRENT ASSETS:
Bank deposits
Loan to related party, see Note 11(e)
Call option derivative
Investments in associates, net
Property and equipment, net
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Other assets
Total non-current assets
TOTAL ASSETS
F-4
November 30,
2018
2017
16,064 $
392
4,151
913
6,600
-
441
1,736
30,297
85
1,007
-
-
11,901
16,700
15,165
292
45,150
75,447 $
3,519
-
1,336
841
-
691
183
725
7,295
-
-
339
1,321
5,104
15,051
10,684
78
32,577
39,872
$
$
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)
Liabilities and equity
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses and other payables
Employees and related payables
Related parties
Advance payments on account of grant
Short-term loans and current maturities of long term loans
Deferred income
Current maturities of convertible loans
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Loans payable
Convertible loans
Retirement benefits obligation
Deferred taxes
Other long term liabilities
TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
TOTAL LIABILITIES
COMMITMENTS
REDEEMABLE NON CONTROLLING INTEREST EQUITY:
Common stock of $0.0001 par value, 145,833,334 shares authorized,
14,951,783 and 9,872,659 shares issued as of November 30, 2018 and
November 30, 2017, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Receipts on account of shares to be allotted
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Accumulated deficit
Equity attributable to Orgenesis Inc.
Non-controlling interests
TOTAL EQUITY
$
$
November 30,
2018
2017
3,804 $
2,269
3,006
-
1,724
647
5,317
378
17,145
1,662 $
1,038
265
1,702
833
5,500
22,645
3,914
1,435
2,961
116
1,719
378
3,611
2,780
16,914
2,118
2,415
6
690
-
5,229
22,143
24,153
3,606
1
88,082
2,253
425
(62,411)
28,350
299
28,649
1
55,334
1,483
1,425
(44,120)
14,123
-
14,123
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
$
75,447 $
39,872
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
REVENUES
COST OF REVENUES
GROSS PROFIT
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES, net
AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
OTHER INCOME, net
SHARE IN LOSSES OF ASSOCIATED COMPANY
OPERATING LOSS
FINANCIAL EXPENSES, net
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES
TAX EXPENSES (INCOME)
NET LOSS
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NON- CONTROLLING INTERESTS (INCLUDING
REDEEMABLE)
NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY LOSS PER SHARE:
Basic
Diluted
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES USED IN COMPUTATION OF BASIC
AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE:
Basic
Diluted
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS -
Net loss
Other Comprehensive (income) loss – Translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive income attributed to non-controlling interests (including redeemable)
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS ATTRIBUTED TO ORGENESIS INC.
Year ended
November 30,
2018
2017
18,655 $
10,824
7,831
6,464
1,913
16,303
(2,930)
731
14,650
3,117
17,767
1,337
19,104 $
(813)
18,291 $
1.43 $
1.43 $
10,089
6,807
3,282
2,478
1,631
9,189
-
1,214
11,230
2,447
13,677
(1,310)
12,367
-
12,367
1.28
1.31
13,374,103
13,374,103
9,679,964
9,714,252
19,104 $
1,000
20,104 $
(813)
19,291 $
12,367
(2,630)
9,737
-
9,737
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands, except share amounts)
Common Stock
Additional
Par
Paid-in
Number
Value
Capital
Receipts
on
Account
of
Share to
be
Allotted
Accumulated
Non-
Other
Equity
Controlling
Comprehensive
Accumulated
Income (loss)
Deficit
Attributable
to
Orgenesis
Inc.
Interest
Total
9,508,068
$
1
$
45,454
$
-
$
(1,205) $
(31,753) $
12,497
$
-
$ 12,497
BALANCE AT
DECEMBER 1, 2016
Changes during the
Year ended November
30, 2017:
Stock-based
compensation to
employees and directors
Stock-based
compensation to service
providers
Beneficial conversion
feature of convertible
loans and warrants
issued
Issuances of shares and
warrants from equity
investments and
Issuance, cancellation of
contingent shares, and
receipts on account of
shares and warrants to be
allotted
Comprehensive income
(loss) for the year
1,536
79,167
*
1,828
1,536
1,828
1,536
1,828
2,814
2,814
2,814
285,424
*
3,702
1,483
5,185
2,630
(12,367)
(9,737)
5,185
(9,737)
BALANCE AT
NOVEMBER 30, 2017 9,872,659
$
1
$
55,334
$
1,483
$
1,425
$
(44,120) $
14,123
$
-
$ 14,123
F-7
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands, except share amounts)
Additional
Par
Paid-in
Number
Value
Capital
Receipts
on
Account
of
Share to
be
Allotted
Accumulated
Equity
Other
Attributable
Non-
Comprehensive
Accumulated
to Orgenesis
Controlling
Income (loss)
Deficit
Inc.
Interest
Total
9,872,659
$
1
$
55,334
$
1,483
$
1,425
$
(44,120) $
14,123
$
-
$ 14,123
2,426
315,198
*
1,938
1,486,722
286,811
*
*
7,511
2,452
438
2,426
1,938
2,426
1,938
7,511
7,511
2,452
299
2,751
438
438
2,853,747
*
18,021
770
18,791
18,791
136,646
846
(884)
846
(884)
846
(884)
(1,000)
(18,291)
(19,291)
(19,291)
14,951,783
$
1
$
88,082
$
2,253
$
425
$
(62,411) $
28,350
$
299
$ 28,649
BALANCE AT
DECEMBER 1,
2017
Changes during the
Year ended
November 30, 2018:
Stock-based
compensation to
employees and
directors
Stock-based
compensation to
service providers
Issuance of shares and
warrants due to
conversion of
convertible loans and
shares in escrow
account
Issuance of shares
related to acquisition
of Atvio and CureCell
Issuance of warrants
and Beneficial
conversion feature of
convertible loans
Issuance of shares and
warrants and receipts
on account of shares
to be allotted
Issuance of shares due
to exercise of
warrants
Adjustment to
redemption value of
redeemable non-
controlling interest
Comprehensive loss
for the year
BALANCE AT
NOVEMBER 30,
2018
*Represents an amount lower than $ 1 thousand
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-8
ORGENESIS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss
Adjustments required to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation
Share in losses of associated company
Depreciation and amortization expenses
Net gain on remeasurement of previously equity interest in Atvio and CureCell to acquisition date
at fair value
Change in fair value of warrants and embedded derivatives
Change in fair value of convertible bonds
Interest expense accrued on loans and convertible loans (including amortization of beneficial
conversion feature)
Increase (decrease) in deferred taxes
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable, net
Increase in inventory
Increase in other assets
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses, other accounts receivable and GPP receivable
Decrease in related parties, net
Decrease in accounts payable
Increase in accrued expenses
Increase (decrease) in employee and related payables
Increase in deferred income
Increase (decrease) in advance payments and receivables on account of grant
Net cash used in operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property and equipment
Investments in associates
Long-term bank deposits
Increase in loan to JV with a related party
Acquisition of CureCell, net of cash acquired (see Note 4)
Acquisition of Atvio, net of cash acquired (see Note 4)
Net cash used in investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Short-term line of credit
Proceeds from issuance of shares and warrants (net of transaction costs)
Redeemable non-controlling interest
Proceeds from receipts on account of shares to be allotted
Repayment of short and long-term debt
Repayment of convertible loans and convertible bonds
Proceeds from issuance of convertible loans (net of transaction costs)
Net cash provided by financing activities
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF YEAR
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITY
Conversion of principal amount and accrued interest of convertible loans and bonds to common
stock and warrants
Classification of loan receivable into services to be received from CureCell
Leases of Fixed assets
Receivable from GPP
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON INTEREST PAID IN CASH
Year ended November 30,
2017
2018
$
(19,104) $
(12,367)
4,364
731
2,624
(4,509)
26
2,564
1,982
(2,901)
(931)
(19)
380
(532)
(796)
428
(105)
1,309
(193)
(15,682)
(5,556)
-
(15)
(1,000)
58
245
(6,268)
-
17,392
14,058
2,252
(377)
(177)
1,912
35,060
13,110
(173)
3,519
16,456 $
3,364
1,214
2,598
-
(826)
(192)
1,110
(1,310)
33
(265)
(3)
(107)
(583)
(933)
92
1,142
1,044
2,156
(3,833)
(975)
(2,429)
-
-
-
-
(3,404)
(21)
5,297
2,349
-
(1,108)
(4,051)
5,899
8,365
1,128
1,497
891
3,519
7,511 $
1,277
836
955
6,600
- $
-
-
-
903
$
$
$
$
$
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-9
ORGENESIS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2018 AND 2017
NOTE 1 – DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
a. General
Orgenesis Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), is a biotechnology company specializing in the development, manufacturing and
provision of services in the cell and gene therapy industry. The Company operates through two platforms:(i) a point-of-care (“POCare”)
cell therapy (“PT”) platform and (ii) a Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (“CDMO”) platform conducted through its
subsidiary, Masthercell Global Inc., a Delaware corporation. Through the PT business, the Company’s aim is to further the development of
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (“ATMPs”) through collaborations and in-licensing with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage
biopharmaceutical companies and research and healthcare institutes to bring such ATMPs to patients. The Company out-license these
ATMPs through regional partners to whom the Company also provide regulatory, pre-clinical and training services to support their activity
in order to reach patients in a point-of-care hospital setting. Through the CDMO platform, the Company is focused on providing contract
manufacturing and development services for biopharmaceutical companies.
Activities in the PT business include a multitude of cell therapies, including autoimmune, oncologic, neurologic and metabolic diseases
and other indications. The Company provides services for its joint venture (“JV”) partners, pharmaceutical and biotech companies as well
as research institutions and hospitals that have cell therapies in clinical development. Each of these customers and collaborations represents
a revenue and growth opportunity upon regulatory approval. Furthermore, the Company’s trans-differentiation technology demonstrates the
capacity to induce a shift in the developmental fate of cells from the liver or other tissues and transdifferentiating them into “pancreatic beta
cell-like” Autologous Insulin Producing (“AIP”) cells for patients with Type 1 Diabetes, acute pancreatitis and other insulin deficient
diseases. This technology, which has yet to be proven in human clinical trials, has shown in pre-clinical animal models that the human
derived AIP cells produce insulin in a glucose-sensitive manner. This trans-differentiation technology is licensed by the Orgenesis Ltd (the
“Israeli Subsidiary) and is based on the work of Prof. Sarah Ferber, the Company’s Chief Science Officer and a researcher at Tel Hashomer
Medical Research Infrastructure and Services Ltd. (“THM”) in Israel. The development plan calls for conducting additional pre-clinical
safety and efficacy studies with respect to diabetes and other potential indications prior to initiating human clinical trials.
The CDMO platform operates through Masthercell Global Inc. (“ Masthercell Global”), which currently consists of the following
subsidiaries: MaSTherCell S.A (“MaSTherCell”) in Belgium, Atvio Biotech Ltd. (“Atvio”) in Israel, CureCell Co., Ltd. (“CureCell”) in
South Korea and Masthercell U.S. LLC in the United States (collectively, the “ Masthercell Global Subsidiaries”), having unique know-
how and expertise for manufacturing in a multitude of cell types. Masthercell Global strives to provide services that are all compliant with
GMP requirements, ensuring identity, purity, stability, potency and robustness of cell therapy products for clinical phase I, II, III and
through commercialization. (Masthercell U.S. LLC was incorporated in June 2018 and had no activity as of November 30, 2018).
MaSTherCell Global, through the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries, is engaged in the business of providing manufacturing and
development services to third parties related to cell therapy products, and the creation and development of technology, and optimizations in
connection with such manufacturing and development services for third parties (the “CDMO Business”).
The Company operates its CDMO and PT business as two separate business segments.
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Orgenesis Inc. and its subsidiaries, including those of the Masthercell
Global Subsidiaries; Orgenesis SPRL (the “Belgian Subsidiary”), a Belgian-based subsidiary which is engaged in development and
manufacturing activities together with clinical development studies in Europe; Orgenesis Maryland Inc. (the “U.S. Subsidiary”), a
Maryland corporation; and Orgenesis Ltd., an Israeli corporation, (the “Israeli Subsidiary”).
F-10
As used in this report and unless otherwise indicated, the term “Company” refers to Orgenesis Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Subsidiaries”).
Unless otherwise specified, all amounts are expressed in United States Dollars.
Until March 13, 2018, the Company’s common shares were traded on OTC Market Group’s OTCQB, at which point the Company's
common stock began to be listed and traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ORGS”.
b. Change in Fiscal Year End
On October 22, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end from November 30
to December 31 of each year. This change to the calendar year reporting cycle began January 1, 2019. As a result of the change, the
Company will have a December 2018 fiscal month transition period, the results of which will be separately reported in the Company’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the calendar quarter ending March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019, September 30, 2019 and in the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the calendar year ending December 31, 2019.
c. Liquidity
As of November 30, 2018, the Company has accumulated losses of approximately $62.4 million. Although the Company is showing
positive revenues and gross profit trends in the CDMO platform, the Company expects to incur further losses in the PT business.
To date, the Company has been funding operations primarily from the proceeds from private placements of the Company’s equity
securities and convertible debt and from revenues generated by Masthercell Global, mainly revenues generated from MaSTherCell S.A. in
Belgium. From December 1, 2017 through November 30, 2018, the Company received, through MaSTherCell, proceeds of approximately
$17.3 million in revenues and accounts receivable from customers, $12.6 million from SFPI and GPP (See also Note 3) and $21.5 million
from the private placement to accredited investors of the Company's equity and convertible loans net of finders’ fees, convertible loans and
exercise of warrants. In addition, from December 1, 2018 through February 13, 2019, the Company raised $0.25 million from the private
placement referred to above of unsubscribed units under such investor’s subscription agreement, $6.6 million from GPP (See Note 3(b)) and
proceeds of approximately $4.7 million in accounts receivable from customers of MaSTherCell.
Based on its current cash resources and commitments, the Company believes it will be able to maintain its current planned development
activity and corresponding level of expenditures for at least 12 months from the date of the issuance of the financial statements, although
no assurance can be given that it will not need additional funds prior to such time. If there are unexpected increases in general and
administrative expenses or research and development expenses, or decreases in MaSTherCell's income, the Company will need to seek
additional financing.
NOTE 2 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accounting policies adopted are generally consistent with those of the previous financial year.
a. Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the financial
statement date and the reported expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
b. Business Combination
The Company allocates the purchase price of an acquired business to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed
based upon their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets
acquired is recorded as goodwill. Acquired in-process backlog, customer relations, brand name and know how are recognized at fair value.
The purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the acquisition
date with respect to intangible assets. Direct transaction costs associated with the business combination are expensed as incurred. The
allocation of the consideration transferred in certain cases may be subject to revision based on the final determination of fair values during
the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date. The Company includes the results of operations of the
business that it has acquired in its consolidated results prospectively from the date of acquisition.
F-11
If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in
the acquire is re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains or losses arising from such re-measurement are recognized in
profit or loss.
c. Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short term, highly liquid investments, which include short term bank deposits with original maturities of
three months or less from the date of purchase, that are not restricted as to withdrawal or use and are readily convertible to known amounts
of cash, to be cash equivalents.
d. Bank Deposits
Bank deposits with maturity of more than one year are considered long-term. The fair value of bank deposits approximates the carrying
value since they bear interest at rates close to the prevailing market rates.
e. Research and Development, net
Research and development expenses include costs directly attributable to the conduct of research and development programs, including
the cost of salaries, stock-based compensation expenses, payroll taxes and other employees' benefits, lab expenses, consumable equipment
and consulting fees. All costs associated with research and developments are expensed as incurred. Participation from government
departments and from research foundations for development of approved projects is recognized as a reduction of expense as the related
costs are incurred.
f. Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its Subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and
balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
g. Non-Marketable Equity Investments
The Company’s investments in certain non-marketable equity securities in which it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but it
does not control through variable interests or voting interest. These are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and presented
as Investment in associates, net, in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Under the equity method, the Company recognizes its
proportionate share of the comprehensive income or loss of the investee. The Company’s share of income and losses from equity method
investments is included in share in losses of associated company.
The Company reviews its investments accounted for under the equity method for possible impairment, which generally involves an
analysis of the facts and changes in circumstances influencing the investments.
h. Functional Currency
The currency of the primary economic environment in which the operations of the Company and part of its Subsidiaries are conducted
is the U.S. dollar (“$” or “dollar”). The functional currency of the Belgian Subsidiaries is the Euro (“€” or “Euro”). The functional
currency of CureCell is the Won (“KRW”). Most of the Company’s expenses are incurred in dollars, and the source of the Company’s
financing has been provided in dollars. Thus, the functional currency of the Company and its other subsidiaries is the dollar. Transactions
and balances originally denominated in dollars are presented at their original amounts. Balances in foreign currencies are translated into
dollars using historical and current exchange rates for nonmonetary and monetary balances, respectively. For foreign transactions and other
items reflected in the statements of operations, the following exchange rates are used: (1) for transactions – exchange rates at transaction
dates or average rates and (2) for other items (derived from nonmonetary balance sheet items such as depreciation) – historical exchange
rates. The resulting transaction gains or losses are recorded as financial income or expenses. The financial statements of the Belgian
Subsidiaries and CureCell are included in the consolidated financial statements, translated into U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities are
translated at year-end exchange rates, while revenues and expenses are translated at yearly average exchange rates during the year.
Differences resulting from translation of assets and liabilities are presented as other comprehensive income.
F-12
i. Inventory
The Company’s inventory consists of raw material for use for the services provided. The Company periodically evaluates the quantities
on year end. Cost of the raw materials is determined using the weighted average cost method.
j. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related
assets.
Annual rates of depreciation are presented in the table below:
Production facility
Laboratory equipment
Office equipment and computers
Weighted Average
Useful Life (Years)
5-20
5
3-5
Intangible assets and their useful lives are as follows:
Customer Relationships
Brand
Know-How
Backlog
Weighted Average
Useful Life (Years)
2.5-10
9.75
11.75-12
1.5
Amortization Recorded at
Comprehensive Loss Line Item
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets
Intangible assets are recorded at acquisition cost less accumulated amortization and impairment. Definite lived intangible assets are
amortized over their estimated useful life using the straight-line method, which is determined by identifying the period over which the cash
flows from the asset are expected to be generated.
k. Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired business over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets
acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually (at November 30), at the reporting unit level or more
frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The goodwill impairment test is applied by
performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the reporting unit. If, on the basis of qualitative factors, it is
considered not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, further testing of goodwill for
impairment would not be required. Otherwise, goodwill impairment is tested using a two-step approach.
F-13
The first step involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit is
determined to be greater than its carrying amount, there is no impairment. If the reporting unit's carrying amount is determined to be greater
than the fair value, the second step must be completed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. The second step involves calculating
the implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, of the reporting unit
from the fair value of the reporting unit as determined in step one. The implied fair value of the goodwill in this step is compared to the
carrying value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than the carrying value of the goodwill, an impairment loss
equivalent to the difference is recorded. There were no impairment charges in 2018 and 2017.
l. Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company reviews its property and equipment, intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset class may not be recoverable. Indicators of
potential impairment include: an adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of the asset; an
adverse change in the extent or manner in which the asset is used or is expected to be used, or in its physical condition; and current or
forecasted operating or cash flow losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the use of the asset. If indicators of impairment
are present, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the related estimated undiscounted future
cash flows expected to be derived from the asset. If the expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, then the asset is
considered to be impaired and its carrying value is written down to fair value, based on the related estimated discounted cash flows. There
were no impairment charges in 2018 and 2017.
m. Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue for services linked to cell process development and cell manufacturing services based on individual
contracts in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 605, Revenue Recognition, when the following criteria have been
met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery of the processed cells has occurred or the services that are milestones based
have been provided; the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company determines that persuasive
evidence of an arrangement exists based on written contracts that define the terms of the arrangements. In addition, the Company
determines that services have been delivered in accordance with the arrangement. The Company assesses whether the fee is fixed or
determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment.
Service revenues are recognized as the services are provided. In addition, as part of the services, the Company recognizes revenue based
on use of consumables, which it received as reimbursement on a cost-plus basis on certain expenses.
n. Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
1) Fair Value Option
Topic 815 provides entities with an option to report certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value with subsequent changes in
fair value reported in earnings. The election can be applied on an instrument by instrument basis. The Company elected the fair value
option to its convertible bonds. The liability is measured both initially and in subsequent periods at fair value, with changes in fair
value charged to finance expenses, net (See Note 17).
2) Derivatives
Embedded derivatives are separated from the host contract and carried at fair value when (1) the embedded derivative possesses
economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract and (2) a separate,
standalone instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument. The derivative is measured both initially and in
subsequent periods at fair value, with changes in fair value charged to finance expenses, net. As to embedded derivatives arising from
the issuance of convertible debentures (See Note 17).
o. Income Taxes
1) With respect to deferred taxes, income taxes are computed using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability
method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax
bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws. A valuation allowance is recognized to
the extent that it is more likely than not that the deferred taxes will not be realized in the foreseeable future.
F-14
2) The Company follows a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the
tax position for recognition by determining if the available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be
sustained on examination. If this threshold is met, the second step is to measure the tax position as the largest amount that is greater
than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
3) Taxes that would apply in the event of disposal of investment in Subsidiaries have not been taken into account in computing the
deferred income taxes, as it is the Company’s intention to hold these investments and not realize them.
p. Stock-based Compensation
The Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with the guidance of ASC Topic 718, Compensation -
Stock Compensation, which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized
in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values. The fair value of the equity instrument is charged to compensation expense
and credited to additional paid in capital over the period during which services are rendered. The Company recorded stock based
compensation expenses using the straight line method.
The Company follows ASC Topic 505-50, Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees, for stock options issued to consultants and other
non-employees. In accordance with ASC Topic 505-50, these stock options issued as compensation for services provided to the Company
are accounted for based upon the fair value of the options. The fair value of the options granted is measured on a final basis at the end of
the related service period and is recognized over the related service period using the straight-line method.
q. Redeemable Non-controlling Interest
Non-controlling interests with embedded redemption features, whose settlement is not at the Company’s discretion, are considered
redeemable non-controlling interest. Redeemable non-controlling interests are considered to be temporary equity and are therefore
presented as a mezzanine section between liabilities and equity on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Subsequent adjustment of
the amount presented in temporary equity is required only if the Company's management estimates that it is probable that the instrument
will become redeemable. Adjustments of redeemable non-controlling interest to its redemption value are recorded through additional paid-
in capital.
r. Loss per Share of Common Stock
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding for each period. Diluted net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares and of common
shares equivalents outstanding when dilutive. Common share equivalents include: (i) outstanding stock options warrants which are included
under the treasury share method when dilutive, and (ii) common shares to be issued under the assumed conversion of the Company’s
outstanding convertible loans, which are included under the if-converted method when dilutive (See Note 14).
s. Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of principally cash and cash
equivalents, bank deposits and certain receivables. The Company held these instruments with highly rated financial institutions and the
Company has not experienced any significant credit losses in these accounts and does not believe the Company is exposed to any
significant credit risk on these instruments apart of accounts receivable. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers
for the purpose of determining the appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts. An appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts is
included in the accounts and netted against accounts receivable. In the year ended November 30, 2018 the Company has not experienced
any material credit losses in these accounts and does not believe it is exposed to significant credit risk on these instruments. In the year
ended November 30, 2017, the Company has recorded an allowance of $897 thousand.
F-15
Bad debt allowance is created when objective evidence exists of inability to collect all sums owed it under the original terms of the debit
balances. Material customer difficulties, the probability of their going bankrupt or undergoing economic reorganization and insolvency or
material delays in payments are all considered indicative of reduced debtor balance value.
t. Beneficial Conversion Feature (“BCF”)
When the Company issues convertible debt, if the stock price is greater than the effective conversion price (after allocation of the total
proceeds) on the measurement date, the conversion feature is considered "beneficial" to the holder. If there is no contingency, this
difference is treated as issued equity and reduces the carrying value of the host debt; the discount is accreted as deemed interest on the debt
(See Note 8).
u. Other Comprehensive Loss
Other comprehensive loss represents adjustments of foreign currency translation.
v. Newly issued and recently adopted Accounting Pronouncements
1) In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance on recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities (ASU No.
2016-01) that will supersede most current guidance. Changes to the U.S. GAAP model primarily affect the accounting for equity
investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments.
In addition, the FASB clarified guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting
from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The accounting for other financial instruments, such as loans, investments
in debt securities, and financial liabilities, is largely unchanged. The classification and measurement guidance became effective as of
December 1, 2018. The Company does not expect to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
2) In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic
606)” (“Topic 606”) that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry specific guidance. Under the
new standard, a good or service is transferred to the customer when (or as) the customer obtains control of the good or service, which
differs from the risk and rewards approach under current guidance. The guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to
determine when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include capitalization of certain contract costs, consideration
of the time value of money in the transaction price and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before
contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. The guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount,
timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers. The guidance is effective in
annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The
Company will implement the guidance for our annual period ending on December 31, 2019 and interim periods within such annual
periods, using the modified retrospective method and will adjust the accumulated deficit and deferred revenue as of the adoption date.
Under current GAAP, the Company recognizes revenue for services linked to cell process development based on both the input
and output methods of measurement. The Company has evaluated the application of the requirements of ASC 606 to recognize
revenue when or as the entity satisfies a performance obligation to its business. The Company has several types of revenue contracts:
a) Cell process development services
The Company has concluded that under the revised standard, contracts for cell process development services are in some cases a
single performance obligation (where promises offered to customers are not distinct within the context of the contract), and in other
cases have multiple performance obligations (where promises to the customers are distinct). In all cases the performance obligations
are satisfied over time. Under the new standard, the Company will recognize revenue over time using either a cost-based input method
or output method, whichever fairly depicts the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation, as appropriate.
F-16
b) Cell manufacturing services
Regarding revenues from cell manufacturing services, the Company concluded that these comprised a single performance
obligation. The progress towards completion will continue to be measured on an output measure based on direct measurement of the
value transferred to the customer (units produced).
c) Tech transfer
The Company has concluded that under the revised standard contracts for Tech Transfer services are considered a single
performance obligation and will be measured over time using a cost-based input method where progress on the performance
obligation is measured by the proportion of actual costs incurred to the total costs expected to complete the contract.
The cost-based and output methods of revenue recognition require the Company to make estimates of costs to complete its projects
and the percentage of completion on an ongoing basis. Significant judgment is required to evaluate assumptions related to these
estimates. The effect of revisions to estimates related to the transaction price (including variable consideration relating to
reimbursement on a cost-plus basis on certain expenses) or costs to complete a project are recorded in the period in which the estimate
is revised. The adoption of the new standard is not expected to result in a material effect on the total stockholders’ equity as of
December 1, 2018.
3) In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a Consensus of the
FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2016-18”), which requires entities to include amounts generally described as restricted
cash and restricted cash equivalents in cash and cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period total
amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual reporting periods (including interim periods
within those annual reporting periods) beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted this standard during the year ended
November 30, 2018.
4) In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which supersedes the existing guidance
for lease accounting, “Leases (Topic 840)”. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize leases on their balance sheets, and leaves
lessor accounting largely unchanged. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted for all entities. ASU 2016-02 requires a modified
retrospective approach for all leases existing at, or entered after, the date of initial application, with an option to elect to use certain
transition relief. The Company expects to apply the ASU without adjusting the comparative periods and, if applicable, recognizing a
cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements.
5) In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13
requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for
credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The income statement reflects the measurement of
credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected credit losses during the period. The measurement of
expected credit losses is based upon historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the
collectability of the reported amount. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be recorded through an allowance
for credit losses rather than as a direct write-down to the security. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted as of the fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect to have a material impact on its
consolidated financial statements.
F-17
6) In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification
Accounting” (“ASU 2017-09”), which gives direction on which changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards
require an entity to apply modification accounting in Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718. In general, entities will
apply the modification accounting guidance if the value, vesting conditions or classification of the award changes. ASU 2017-09 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is
permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to
have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
7) In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee
Share-based Payment Accounting” that expands the scope of ASC Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for
acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of ASC Topic 718 to nonemployee awards
except for certain exemptions specified in the amendment. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2018, including interim reporting periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption
date of Topic 606. The Company don’t expect to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
8) In January 2017, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):
Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminated the calculation of implied goodwill fair value. Instead, companies
will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount of goodwill over its fair value. This
guidance simplifies the accounting as compared to prior GAAP. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2019. The Company does not expect the implementation of this new pronouncement to have a material impact on its consolidated
financial statements.
NOTE 3 – REDEEMABLE NON CONTROLLING INTEREST
a . Subscription and Shareholders Agreement with Belgian Sovereign Funds Société Fédérale de Participations et d'Investissement
("SFPI").
On November 15, 2017, the Company, MaSTherCell and SFPI entered into a Subscription and Shareholders Agreement (“SFPI
Agreement”) pursuant to which SFPI made an equity investment in MaSTherCell in the aggregate amount of Euro 5 million (approximately
$5.9 million), for approximately 16.7% of MaSTherCell (SFPI received B-shares of MaSTherCell which have the same voting, dividend
and other rights as the existing shares of MaSTherCell). The equity investment commitment included the conversion of the outstanding
loan and accrued interest of Euro 1.07 million (approximately $1.18 million), previously made by SFPI to MaSTherCell. In November
2017, the initial subscription amount of Euro 2 million ($2.3 million) was paid by SFPI to MaSTherCell. The proceeds from the investment
are to be used in accordance with the long-term business plan that was appended to the SFPI Agreement which includes, without limitation,
expanding MaSTherCell’s facilities in Belgium with the addition of five new cGMP manufacturing cleanrooms. The agreement contains
customary representations, warranties and covenants by MaSTherCell and the Company, in respect of which the Company has undertaken
to indemnify SFPI for the consequences of any breach thereof by MaSTherCell or the Company.
Under the Agreement, SFPI has the right to appoint one member to the board of directors of MaSTherCell’s five person board. In
addition, the holders of the B-Shares have a right to, along with the Company, appoint an independent director who will serve as the
chairman of the board of MaSTherCell for a renewable three year term. The agreement provides that, under certain specified circumstances,
SFPI is entitled to transfer its equity interest in MaSTherCell to the Company at a price equal to the total investment amount, plus a
specified annual premium ranging from 10% to 25%, depending on the year following the subscription in which the put is exercised.
Under the terms of the agreement since the Company listed to Nasdaq, SFPI is entitled to convert its MaSTherCell’ s equity interest
(using an exchange rate of approximately $0.85), into shares of Common Stock of the Company based upon a conversion price of $6.24,
the exercise period of the option is 3 years from the closing date of the SFPI Agreement. The $6.24 conversion price represents the price
after the previous stock split of the Company.
F-18
Furthermore, under the agreement, the Company had the right to spin-off the CDMO business into a Subsidiary provided that the
Subsidiary adhered to the terms of the agreement. In June 2018, the Company effectuated such a spin-off and consolidated the CDMO
business into Masthercell Global and Masthercell Global adhered to the terms of this agreement. Also, the Company possesses a drag
along right under the Agreement whereby if the Company transfers all or the majority of its shares in MaSTherCell, it can force SFPI to do
the same. (See also Note 3(b)).
On June 13, 2018, SFPI has paid into MaSTherCell the remaining amount of Euro 1.9 million (approximately $2.3 million) to complete
its subscription obligations under the agreement.
Due to the embedded redemption feature whose settlement is not at the Company discretion, the Company accounted for the investment
made by SFPI as a redeemable non-controlling interest. As of November 30, 2018, and 2017 SFPI investment was presented as redeemable
non-controlling interest in the balance sheet, in the amount of $5.8 million and $3.6, respectively.
b. Stock Purchase Agreement and Stockholders’ Agreement with Great Point Partners, LLC (“GPP”)
On June 28, 2018, the Company, Masthercell Global GPP, and certain of GPP’s affiliates, entered into a series of definitive strategic
agreements intended to finance, strengthen and expand Orgenesis’ CDMO business. In connection therewith, the Company, Masthercell
Global and GPP-II Masthercell, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“GPP-II”) and an affiliate of GPP entered into Stock Purchase
Agreement (the “SPA”) pursuant to which GPP-II purchased 378,000 shares of newly designated Series A Preferred Stock of Masthercell
Global (the “Masthercell Global Preferred Stock”), representing 37.8% of the issued and outstanding share capital of Masthercell Global,
for a cash consideration to be paid into Masthercell Global of up to $25 million, of which $13.2 million was subject to certain
contingencies described below (the “Consideration”). Orgenesis holds 622,000 shares of Masthercell Global’s Common Stock, representing
62.2% of the issued and outstanding equity share capital of Masthercell Global. An initial cash payment of $11.8 million of the
Consideration was remitted at closing by GPP-II. $1.5 Million of the initial capital contributed to Masthercell Global was used to
reimburse the investors for their fees and expenses incurred in conjunction with this transaction (net payment of $10.3 million). Under the
terms of the SPA the follow up payments will be in the amount of $6.6 million to be made in each of years 2018 and 2019 (the “Future
Payments”), if (a) Masthercell Global achieves specified EBITDA and revenues targets during each of these years, and (b) the Orgenesis’
shareholders approve certain provisions of the SPA entered into by these parties. Such shareholder approval was obtained on October 23,
2018. None of the future Consideration amounts, if any, will result in an increase in GPP-II’s equity holdings in MaSTherCell.
In connection with the entry into the SPA as described above, each of the Company, Masthercell Global and GPP-II entered into the
Masthercell Global Inc. Stockholders’ Agreement (the “Stockholders’ Agreement”) providing for certain restrictions on the disposition of
Masthercell Global securities, the provisions of certain options and rights with respect to the management and operations of Masthercell
Global, certain rights to GPP-II (including, without limitation, a tag along right, drag along right and certain protective provisions). After
the earlier of the second anniversary of the closing or certain enumerated circumstances, GPP-II is entitled to effectuate a spinoff of
Masthercell Global and the Masthercell Global Subsidiaries (the “Spinoff”).
The Spinoff is required to reflect a market value, provided that under certain conditions, such market valuation shall reflect a valuation
of Masthercell Global and its Subsidiaries of at least $50 million. In addition, upon certain enumerated events described below, GPP-II is
entitled, at its option, to put to the Company (or, at Company’s discretion, to Masthercell Global if Masthercell Global shall then have the
funds available to consummate the transaction) its shares in Masthercell Global or, alternatively, purchase from the Company its share
capital in Masthercell Global at a purchase price equal to the fair market value provided that the purchase price shall not be greater than
three times the price per share of Masthercell Global Preferred Stock paid by GPP-II and shall not be less than the price per share of
Masthercell Global Preferred Stock paid by GPP-II. GPP-II may exercise its put or call option upon the occurrence of any of the following:
(i) there is an Activist Shareholder of the Company; (ii) the Chief Executive Officer and/or Chairman of the board of directors of the
Company resigns or is replaced, removed, or terminated for any reason prior to June 28, 2023; (iii) there is a change of control event of the
Company as defined in the Stockholders’ Agreement; or (iv) the industry expert director appointed to the board of directors of Masthercell
Global is removed or replaced (or a new such director is appointed) without the prior written consent of GPP-II.
F-19
Activist Shareholder shall mean any Person who acquires shares of capital stock of the Company who either: (x) acquires more than a
majority of the voting power of the Company, (y) actively takes over and controls a majority of the board of directors of the Company, or
(z) is required to file a Schedule 13D with respect to such Person’s ownership of the Company and has described a plan, proposal or intent
to take action with respect to exerting significant pressure on the management of or directors of, the Company.
The Stockholders’ Agreement further provides that GPP-II is entitled, at any time, to convert its share capital in Masthercell Global for
the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to the lesser of (a)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s shares of Masthercell Global
Preferred Stock to be exchanged, divided by (ii) the average closing price per share of the Company’s Common Stock during the thirty day
period ending on the date that GPP-II provides the exchange notice (the “Exchange Price”) and (b)(i) the fair market value of GPP-II’s
shares of Masthercell Global Preferred Stock to be exchanged assuming a value of Masthercell Global equal to three and a half (3.5) times
the revenue of Masthercell Global during the last twelve (12) complete calendar months immediately prior to the exchange divided by (ii)
the Exchange Price; provided, that in no event will (A) the Exchange Price be less than a price per share that would result in Orgenesis Inc.
having an enterprise value of less than $250 million and (B) the maximum number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock to be issued
shall not exceed 2,704,247 shares, unless the Company obtains shareholder approval for the issuance of such greater amount of shares of
the Company in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market.
Great Point and Masthercell Global entered into an advisory services agreement pursuant to which Great Point is to provide management
services to Masthercell Global for which Great Point will be compensated at an annual base compensation equal to the greater of (i) $250
thousand per each 12 month period or (ii) 5% of the EBITDA for such 12 month period, payable in arrears in quarterly installments;
provided, that these payments will (A) begin to accrue immediately, but shall not be paid in cash to Great Point until such time as
Masthercell Global generates EBITDA of at least $2 million for any 12 month period or the sale of or change in control of Masthercell
Global, and (B) shall not exceed an aggregate annual amount of $0.5 million. Such compensation accrues but is not owed to Great Point
until the earlier of (i) Masthercell Global generating EBITDA of at least $2 million for any 12-month period following the date of the
agreement or (ii) a Sale of the Company or Change of Control of the Company (as both terms are defined therein).
GPP and Masthercell Global entered into a transaction services agreement pursuant to which GPP is to provide certain brokerage
services to Masthercell Global for which GPP will be entitled to a certain exit fee and transaction fee (as both terms are defined in the
agreement), such fees not to be less than 2 percent of the applicable transaction value.
Due to the embedded redemption feature whose settlement is not at the Company discretion, the Company accounted for the investment
made by GPP as a redeemable non-controlling interest in the amount of $18.4.
On November 30, 2018 Masthercell Global achieved the specified EBITDA and revenues targets for 2018 as described in the SPA. The
Company reflected the $6.6 million in the balance sheet as GPP receivable. On January 16, 2019, GPP-II remitted to Masthercell Global
the $6.6 million.
NOTE 4- CORPORATE REORGANIZATION AND EXERCISE OF CALL OPTIONS OF CURECELL AND ATVIO
Description of the Transaction
Contemporaneous with the execution of the SPA and the Stockholders’ Agreement (see Note 3), the Company and Masthercell Global
entered into a Contribution, Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to which the Company contributed to Masthercell Global
assets relating to the CDMO platform including: (i) all of the Company’s holdings in Masthercell Global Subsidiaries (ii) the debt in the
total amount of $2.3 million owed to the Company by Atvio and CureCell (iii) the license agreement between the Company and
MaSTherCell dated December 30, 2016; (v) the Joint Venture Agreement with Atvio dated May 10, 2016 (as amended on May 30, 2016);
(vi) the SFPI Agreement (vii) the Joint Venture Agreement between Orgenesis and CureCell dated March 14, 2016 (the “Corporate
Reorganization”). See Note 12(b).
F-20
In furtherance thereof, Masthercell Global, as the Company assignee, acquired all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Atvio
and 94.12% of the share capital of CureCell. The Company exercised the "call option" to which it was entitled under the joint venture
agreements with each of these entities to purchase from the former shareholders their equity holding. The consideration for the outstanding
share equity in each of Atvio and CureCell consisted solely of the Company Common Stock.
In respect of the acquisition of Atvio, the Company issued to the former Atvio shareholders an aggregate of 83,965 shares of
Company’s Common Stock. In respect of the acquisition of CureCell, the Company issued the former CureCell shareholders an aggregate
of 202,846 shares of the Company Common Stock. The exercise of the call options of CureCell and Atvio, pursuant to which the Company
obtained effective control over such entities, was accounted for as a business combination. The results of operations of CureCell and Atvio
have been included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations starting from June 28, 2018, the date on which the
Company obtained effective control of CureCell and Atvio. Before the closing date Atvio and CureCell were associated companies, see
Note 12. The net gain on remeasurement of the previously held equity interest in Atvio and CureCell to acquisition date fair value was $4.5
million.
CureCell
The following table summarizes the allocation of purchase price to the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the
transaction date:
Total assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents
Property and equipment, net
Inventory
Other assets
Other Intangible assets (a)
Goodwill (b)
Total assets
Total liabilities assumed:
Deferred income from the Company and others
Deferred taxes
Fair value of convertible loan from the Company
Non-controlling interests*
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Total consideration transferred
Fair value of 36.4% of shared issued *
Acquisition date fair value of previously held equity interest
Total consideration transferred
$
$
$
58
1,104
148
300
3,933
3,950
9,493
1,945
80
892
299
1,487
4,703
4,790
1,853
2,937
4,790
* Fair value of the consideration is based on the company’s market share price.
a. The allocation of the purchase price to the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed resulted in the recognition of other intangible assets
which comprised of: Customer Relationships of $859 and “Know How” of $3,074. These other intangible assets have a useful life of 10
and 12 years, respectively. The useful life of the other intangible assets for amortization purposes was determined considering the period of
expected cash flows generated by the assets used to measure the fair value of the intangible assets adjusted as appropriate for the entity-
specific factors, including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that may limit the useful life of intangible
assets.
F-21
The fair value of the Know How was estimated using a relief of royalties’ approach. Under this method, the fair value of the Know How
is equal to the royalty fee that the owner of the Know How could profit from if he was to license the Know How out.
Customer Relationships were estimated using a discounted cash flow method with the application of the multi-period excess earnings
method. Under this method, an intangible asset’s fair value is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flows attributable
only to the subject intangible asset after deducting contributory asset charges. An income and expenses forecast were built based upon
revenue and expense estimates.
b. The primary items that generate goodwill include the value of the synergies between the acquired company and the Company and the
acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies for recognition as an intangible asset. The Goodwill is not deductible for tax
purposes.
Atvio
The total consideration of Atvio of $890 thousand was attributed mainly to goodwill.
Pro forma Impact of Business Combination
The unaudited pro forma financial results have been prepared using the acquisition method of accounting and are based on the historical
financial information of the Company, Atvio and CureCell. The unaudited pro forma condensed financial results have been prepared for
illustrative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that would have resulted had the acquisition of
Atvio and CureCell occurred at the beginning of the fiscal year, or of future results of the combined entities. The unaudited pro forma
condensed financial information does not reflect any operating efficiencies and expected realization of cost savings or synergies associated
with the acquisition.
The acquired business contributed revenues of $1.1 million for the period of June 28, 2018 to November 30, 2018. The following
unaudited pro forma summary presents consolidation information of the Company as if the business combination had occurred on
December 1, 2017:
Revenue
Net loss
NOTE 5 - SEGMENT INFORMATION
Year Ended November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
$
$
18,794 $
20,919 $
10,216
14,520
The Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") is the Company’s chief operating decision-maker ("CODM"). Management has determined that
there are two operating segments, based on the Company's organizational structure, its business activities and information reviewed by the
CODM for the purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance.
CDMO
The CDMO platform is comprised of a specialization in cell therapy development and comprised of two types of services to its
customers: (i) manufacturing and development services and (ii) cGMP contract manufacturing services. The CDMO platform operates
through Masthercell Global, which currently consists of MaSTherCell in Belgium, Atvio in Israel and CureCell in South Korea, having
unique know-how and expertise for manufacturing in a multitude of cell types. The CDMO activities include the operations of Masthercell
Global, Atvio and CureCell from the date of the Corporate Reorganization.
PT Business
F-22
Through the PT business, the Company is focused on the development of proprietary cell and gene therapies, including the autologous
trans-differentiation technology, and therapeutic collaborations and licensing with other pre-clinical and clinical-stage biopharmaceutical
companies and research and healthcare institutes.
The CODM does not review assets by segment, therefore the measure of assets has not been disclosed for each segment.
Segment data for the year ended November 30, 2018 is as follows:
Revenues from external customers
Cost of revenues
Segment gross profit (loss)
Research and development expenses, net
Operating expenses
Other expenses
Segment operating profit (loss)
Adjustments to presentation of segment Adjusted EBIT
Depreciation and amortization
Segment performance
Reconciliation of segment performance to loss for the year:
CDMO
Business
PT
Corporate
and
Eliminations
Consolidated
$
22,582 $
(11,541)
11,041
(39)
(6,889)
(77)
4,036
(2,613)
1,423
(in thousands)
- $
-
(7,931)
(6,224)
-
(14,155)
(11)
(14,166)
(3,927) $
1,235
(2,692
2,485
207
-
18,655
(10,306)
8,349
(5,485)
(12,906)
(77)
(10,119)
(2,624)
(12,743)
Segment subtotal performance
Stock-based compensation
Financial expenses, net
Net gain on remeasurement of previously equity interest in Atvio and CureCell to acquisition date fair value
Transaction expenses related to GPP agreement
Share in losses of associated companies
Loss before income tax
Segment data for the year ended November 30, 2017 is as follows:
Year ended
November 30,
2018
in thousands
(12,743)
(4,364)
(2,938)
4,509
(1,500)
(731)
(17,767)
Revenues from external customers
Cost of revenues
Gross profit
Research and development expenses, net
Operating expenses
Operating profit
CDMO
Business
CT
Corporate
and
Eliminations
Consolidated
$
11,484 $
(6,356)
5,128
(4,699)
429
(in thousands)
- $
-
(2,517)
(3,335)
(5,852)
(1,395) $
638
(757)
757
-
10,089
(5,718)
4,371
(1,760)
(8,034)
(5,423)
Adjustments to presentation of segment Adjusted EBIT
F-23
Depreciation and amortization
Segment performance
Reconciliation of segment performance to loss for the year:
Segment performance
Stock-based compensation
Financial income (expenses), net
Share in losses of associated company
Loss before income tax
Geographic, Product and Customer Information
(2,720)
(2,291)
(6)
(5,858)
Year ended
November 30,
2017
in thousands
(8,149)
(3,364)
(950)
(1,214)
(13,677)
$
Substantially all the Company's revenues and long-lived assets are located in Belgium through its subsidiary, MaSTherCell. Net
revenues from single customers from the CDMO segment that exceed 10% of total net revenues are:
Year Ended Year Ended
November
30,
2018
November
30,
2017
Customer A
Customer B
Customer C
Customer D
Customer E
(in thousands)
2,338 $
4,374 $
- $
5,236 $
2,242 $
4,115
2,837
2,055
-
-
$
$
$
$
$
The CDMO business has substantially diversified revenues by source signing contracts with biotech companies in their respective cell-
based therapy field.
NOTE 6 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
The following table represents the components of property and equipment:
Cost:
Production facility
Office furniture and computers
Lab equipment
Less – accumulated depreciation
Total
November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
$
$
11,413 $
1,875
3,292
16,580
(4,679)
11,901 $
6,246
353
2,039
8,638
(3,534)
5,104
Depreciation expense for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 was $711 thousand and $1,096 thousand, respectively.
NOTE 7 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
F-24
Changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill in our CDMO platform for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017
are as follows:
Goodwill as of November 30, 2016
Translation differences
Goodwill as of November 30, 2017
Goodwill as acquired
Translation differences
Goodwill as of November 30, 2018
Goodwill Impairment
(in
thousands)
9,584
1,100
10,684
4,918
(437)
15,165
$
$
The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount
of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company performed a quantitative two-step assessment for goodwill impairment for each
reporting unit.
Reporting Unit of MaSTherCell’ s Goodwill
As part of the first step of the two-step impairment test, the Company compared the fair value of the reporting unit to her carrying value
and determined that the carrying amount of the unit do not exceed her fair value. The Company estimated the fair value of the unit by using
an income approach based on discounted cash flows. The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit were
based on expected future cash flows and an estimated terminal value using a terminal year growth rate based on the growth prospects for
each reporting unit. The Company used an applicable discount rate which reflected the associated specific risks for the reporting unit future
cash flows.
Key assumptions used to determine the estimated fair value include: (a) expected cash flow for the five-year period following the
testing date (including market share, sales volumes and prices, costs to produce and estimated capital needs); (b) an estimated terminal
value using a terminal year growth rate of 2% determined based on the growth prospects; and (c) a discount rate of 15%. Based on the
Company’s assessment as of November 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, the carrying amount of its reporting unit does not exceed its fair
value.
A decrease in the terminal year growth rate of 1% or an increase of 1% to the discount rate would reduce the fair value of the reporting
unit by approximately $1,126 thousand and $1,961 thousand, respectively. These changes would not result in an impairment. A decrease in
the terminal year growth rate and an increase in the discount rate of 1% would reduce the fair value of the reporting unit by approximately
$2,899 thousand. These changes would not result in an impairment.
Reporting Unit of Atvio’s Goodwill and Reporting Unit of CureCell’s Goodwill
As of the year ended November 30, 2018 the Company elected to preform qualitative assessment. Due to the fair value measurement
that was performed on June 28, 2018 as part of the business combination. Based on the Company’s assessment as of November 30, 2018,
the carrying amount of its reporting unit does not exceeds its fair value.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets consisted of the following:
Gross Carrying Amount:
Know How
Backlog
F-25
November 30,
2018
November 30,
2017
(In thousands)
$
20,344 $
117
17,998
-
Customer relationships
Brand name
Accumulated amortization
Net carrying amount of other intangible assets
1,274
1,359
23,094
6,394
16,700 $
369
1,418
19,785
4,734
15,051
$
Intangible asset amortization expenses were approximately $1.9 and $1.8 and million for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017,
respectively.
Estimated aggregate amortization expenses for the five succeeding years ending November 30 th are as follows:
Amortization expenses
NOTE 8– CONVERTIBLE LOANS
2019 2020 to
2023
(in thousands)
$ 2,086 $ 7,929
a. Long term convertible loans outstanding as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
Principal
Amount
(in
thousands)
Issuance
Year
Interest
Rate
Maturity
Period
Exercise
Price
BCF
(Years)
Convertible Loans Outstanding as of November 30, 2018
Shares and Warrants
Issued Upon Conversion
Warrant
Shares
s
(5)
Accumulated
Interest Up
to
Conversion
Date
(in thousands)
$ 1,250
2018
2%
3
$
7(1)
114
$
-
-
-
Convertible Loans converted during the year ended November 30, 2018
220
500 (2)
5,050
798 (3)
1,388
100
8,056
2018
2018
2017
2017
2016
2014
6%
6%
6%
6%
6%
6%/24%(4)
2
0.5
2
0.5-1.7
2
0.5
$
$
$
$
$
$
6.24
6.24
6.24
6.24
6.24
4.8
87
106
2,311
81
251
85
$
$
2
4
235
40
132
81
494
35,543
80,756
846,961
134,372
243,443
37,662
1,378,737
35,543
80,756
846,961
34,269
243,443
-
1,240,972
Convertible Loans repaid during the year ended November 30, 2017
$ 400 (6)
2017
6%
0.25
$
6.24
-
-
-
(1) The holders, at their option, may convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest under this note into a total of 178,570
shares and 178,570 three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional 178,570 shares of the Company’s common stock at a per share
exercise price of $7. In the initial two years, the holders have the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest into
shares of capital stock of Hemogenyx-Cell or Immugenyx, LLC according under the relevant note agreement, subsidiaries of Hemogenyx
Pharmaceuticals Plc, at a price per share based on a pre-money valuation of Hemogenyx-Cell or Immugenyx, LLC of $12 million and $8
million, respectively, pursuant to the collaboration agreement with Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals Plc and Immugenyx, LLC. As of
November 30, 2018, the loans are presented in long term convertible notes in the balance sheet. See Note 11(f) and 11(g).
F-26
(2) On the issuance date of the note the Company issued to certain investors 40,064 three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional
one share of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
(3) On the issuance date of the note the Company issued to certain investors 145,509 three-year warrants to purchase up to an additional
one share of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
(4) The Company failed to reimburse the loan by the maturity date, therefore the interest expenses increase to loan had a default interest
of 24% under the terms of the agreement.
(5) The warrant, exercisable for a period of three years from the date of conversion, for an additional share of Common Stock, at a per
share exercise price of $6.24.
(6) The principal amount and accrued interest were repaid by the Company on March 7, 2017. The fair value of the shares as of March
7, 2017, was $494 thousand and was recorded as financial expenses.
b. On February 27, 2017, the Company and Admiral Ventures Inc. (“Admiral”) entered into an agreement resolving the payment of
convertible loan received in prior years and owed to Admiral. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, Admiral extended the maturity
date to June 30, 2018. The Company agreed to pay to Admiral, on or before March 1, 2017, between $0.3 million and $1.5 million. Further,
beginning April 2017, the Company agreed to make a monthly payment of $125 thousand on account of remaining unpaid balance, and also
agreed to remit additional payments under the term of the agreement. The Company accounted for the above changes as a modification of
the old debt.
During the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company repaid $1,875 thousand on account of the principal amount and accrued
interest. In January 2018, the Company repaid the remaining of accrued interest in total amount of $179 thousand. In 2018 and 2017 the
Company was in arrears in its payment obligations under such agreement therefore, the Company issued to Admiral 120,193 units as
forbearance fees according to the terms of the agreement. Each unit consisting of one share of the Company’s common Stock and one
three-year warrant exercisable into an additional share of common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24. The fair value of the units
was recorded as financial expenses during the year ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 in total amount of $179 and 983 thousand,
respectively, out of which $434 thousand reflect the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
c. On November 2, 2016, the Company entered into unsecured convertible note agreements with accredited or offshore investors for an
aggregate amount of NIS 1 million ($280 thousand). The loan bears a monthly interest rate of 2% and mature on May 1, 2017, unless
converted earlier. On April 27, 2017 and November 2, 2017, the Company entered into extension agreements through November 2, 2017
and May 2, 2018, respectively
F-27
In March 2018, the investor submitted a notice of its intention to convert into shares of the Company's common stock the principal amount
and accrued interest of approximately $383 thousand outstanding. A related party of such investor at the same time, exercised warrants
issued in November 2016 to purchase shares of the Company's Common Stock. The exercise price of the warrants and conversion price
were fixed at $0.52 per share (pre-reverse stock split implemented by the Company in November 2017). There is a significant disagreement
between the Company and these two entities as to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable to these entities, and they contend that
the number of shares of Common Stock issuable to them should not consider the reverse stock split. The Company rejects these
contentions in their entirety and, based on the advice of specially retained counsel, believes that these claims are without legal merit and not
made in good faith. The Company intends to vigorously defend its interests and pursue other avenues of legal address. Through its counsel,
the Company has advised these entities that unless they withdraw their request within a specified period, the Company will cancel the
above referenced agreements and these parties’ right to receive any shares of the Company’s Common Stock. In April 2018, the Company
withdrew the agreements and deposited the shares in total amount of 107,985 issued under those agreements and the principal amount and
accrued interest of the loan in escrow account. The deposit of the principal amount and accrued interest presented as restricted cash in the
balance sheet as of November 30, 2018.
d. In January 2017, MaSTherCell repaid all but one of its bondholders (originally issued on September 14, 2014), and the aggregate
payment amounted to $1.7 million (€1.5 million). On January 17, 2017, the remaining bondholder agreed to extend the duration of his
Convertible bond until March 21, 2017. In consideration for the extension, the Company issued to the bondholder warrants to purchase
8,569 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, exercisable over a three-year period at a per share exercise price of $6.24. The fair value of
those warrants as of the date of grant was $20 thousand using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
On March 20, 2017, the remaining bondholder converted his convertible bonds into 40,682 shares of the Company’s Common Stock
(See also note 13(c)).
NOTE 9 – LOANS
a. Terms of Long-term Loans
Long-term loan (*)
Long-term loan
Long-term loan
Current portion of loans payable
Principal
Year of
Amount
Grant Year
Interest
Rate
Maturity
2018
November
30,
2017
(in
thousands)
€
€
€
1,400
1,000
790
2012
2013
2012-2016
4.05%
6%-7.5%
5.5%-6%
2022
2023
2021-2024
(in thousands)
700
869
461
2,030
(368)
1,662
$
$
$
899
977
620
2,496
(378)
2,118
$
$
$
(*) The loan has a business pledge on the Company’s assets at the same value.
b. Terms of Short-term Loans and Current Portion of Long-Term Loans
Current portion of loans payable
Current portion of loans payable
Current portion of loans payable
Short term loans
NOTE 10 - COMMITMENTS
a. Maryland Technology Development Corporation
Currency
Interest Rate
2018
2017
November 30,
Euro
Euro
Euro
KRW
4.05% $
6%-7.5%
5.5%-6%
3.02%,
4.15%
(in thousands)
168 $
67
133
279
$
647 $
169
70
139
-
378
On June 30, 2014, the Company’s U.S. Subsidiary entered into a grant agreement with Maryland Technology Development Corporation
(“TEDCO”). TEDCO was created by the Maryland State Legislature in 1998 to facilitate the transfer and commercialization of technology
from Maryland’s research universities and federal labs into the marketplace and to assist in the creation and growth of technology-based
businesses in all regions of the State. Under the agreement, TEDCO paid to the U.S Subsidiary an amount of $406 thousand (the “Grant”).
On June 21, 2016 TEDCO has approved an extension until June 30, 2017. Through November 30, 2018, the Company utilized $356
thousand from the grant and recorded it as a deduction of research and development expenses in the statement of comprehensive loss.
F-28
b. .Department De La Gestion Financiere Direction De L’analyse Financiere (“DGO6”)
(1) On March 20, 2012, MaSTherCell was awarded an investment grant from the DGO6 of Euro 1.2 million. This grant is related to the
investment in the production facility with a coverage of 32% of the investment planned. As of November 30, 2018, the DGO6
transferredthe entire amount to MaSTherCell .
(2) On November 17, 2014, the Belgian Subsidiary, received the formal approval from the DGO6 for a Euro 2 million ($2.4 million)
support program for the research and development of a potential cure for Type 1 Diabetes. The financial support was composed of Euro
1,085 thousand (70% of budgeted costs) grant for the industrial research part of the research program and a further recoverable advance of
Euro 930 thousand (60% of budgeted costs) of the experimental development part of the research program. In December 2014, the Belgian
Subsidiary received advance payment of Euro 1,209 thousand under the grant. The grants are subject to certain conditions with respect to
the Belgian Subsidiary’s work in the Walloon Region. In addition, the DGO6 is also entitled to a royalty upon revenue being generated
from any commercial application of the technology. In 2017 the Company received by the DGO6 final approval for Euro 1.8 million costs
invested in the project out of which Euro 1.2 million founded by the DGO6. As of November 30, 2018, the Company repaid to the DGO6 a
total amount of $34 thousand (Euro 30 thousand) and amount of $152 thousand was recorded in other payables.
(3) ln April 2016, the Company's Belgian Subsidiary received the formal approval from DGO6 for a Euro 1.3 million ($1.5 million)
support program for the development of a potential cure for Type 1 Diabetes. The financial support was awarded to the Belgium Subsidiary
as a recoverable advance payment at 55% of budgeted costs, or for a total of Euro 717 thousand ($800 thousand). The grant will be paid
over the project period. On December 19, 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received advance payment of Euro 359 thousand ($374 thousand).
Up through November 30, 2018, an amount of Euro 303 thousand was recorded as deduction of research and development expenses and an
amount of $64 thousand was recorded as advance payments on account of grant.
b. On October 8, 2016, the Belgian Subsidiary received the formal approval from the DGO6 for a Euro 12.3 million ($12.8 million)
support program for the GMP production of AIP cells for two clinical trials that will be performed in Germany and Belgium. The project
will be held during a period of three years commencing January 1, 2017. The financial support is awarded to the Belgium subsidiary at 55%
of budgeted costs, a total of Euro 6.8 million ($7 million). The grant will be paid over the project period. On December 19, 2016, the
Belgian Subsidiary received a first payment of Euro 1.7 million ($1.8 million). Up through November 30, 2018, an amount of $1.1 million
was recorded as deduction of research and development expenses and an amount of $847 thousand was recorded as advance payments on
account of grant.
c. Israel-U.S Binational Industrial Research and Development Foundation (“BIRD”)
On September 9, 2015, the Israeli Subsidiary entered into a pharma Cooperation and Project Funding Agreement (CPFA) with BIRD
and Pall Corporation, a U.S. company. BIRD will give a conditional grant of $400 thousand each (according to terms defined in the
agreement), for a joint research and development project for the use Autologous Insulin Producing (AIP) Cells for the Treatment of
Diabetes (the “Project”). The Project started on March 1, 2015. Upon the conclusion of product development, the grant shall be repaid at
the rate of 5% of gross sales. The grant will be used solely to finance the costs to conduct the research of the project during a period of 18
months starting on March 1, 2015. To date the Israeli Subsidiary received $200 thousand under the grant. On July 28, 2016 BIRD approved
an extension till May 31, 2017 and final report was submitted to BIRD.
Up through November 30, 2018, an amount of $359 thousand was recorded as deduction of research and development expenses and
$159 thousand as a receivable on account of grant.
d. Korea-Israel Industrial Research and Development Foundation (“KORIL”)
On March 14, 2016, the Israel subsidiary, entered into a collaboration agreement with CureCell, initially for the purpose of applying a
grant from KORIL for pre-clinical and clinical activities related to the commercialization of the Israel subsidiary AIP cell therapy product
in Korea. The Parties agreed to carry out at their own expenses and their respective commitments under the work plan approved by KORIL
and any additional work plan to be agreed between the Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell. The Israeli Subsidiary will own sole rights to any
intellectual property developed from the collaboration which is derived under the Israeli Subsidiary’s AIP cell therapy product, information
licensed from THM. Subject to obtaining the requisite approval needed to commence commercialization in Korea, the Israel subsidiary has
agreed to grant to CureCell, or a fully owned subsidiary thereof, under a separate sub-license agreement an exclusive sub-license to the
intellectual property underlying the Company’s API product solely for commercialization of the Israel subsidiary products in Korea. As
part of any such license, CureCell has agreed to pay annual license fees, ongoing royalties based on net sales generated by CureCell and its
sublicensees, milestone payments and sublicense fees. Under the agreement, CureCell is entitled to share in the net profits derived by the
Israeli Subsidiary from world-wide sales (except for sales in Korea) of any product developed as a result of the collaboration with CureCell.
Additionally, CureCell was given the first right to obtain exclusive commercialization rights in Japan of the AIP product, subject to
CureCell procuring all the regulatory approvals required for commercialization in Japan. As of November 30, 2018, none of the requisite
regulatory approvals for conducting clinical trials had been obtained.
F-29
On May 26, 2016, the Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell entered into a pharma Cooperation and Project Funding Agreement (CPFA) with
KORIL. KORIL will give a conditional grant of up to $400 thousand each (according to terms defined in the agreement), for a joint
research and development project for the use of AIP Cells for the Treatment of Diabetes (the “Project”). The Project started on June 1,
2016. Upon the conclusion of product development, the grant shall be repaid at the yearly rate of 2.5% of gross sales. The grant will be
used solely to finance the costs to conduct the research of the project during a period of 18 months starting. On July 26, 2018 KORIL
approved extension for the project period till May 31, 2019. As of November 30, 2018, The Israeli Subsidiary and CureCell received total
amount of $440 thousand under the grant. Up through November 30, 2018, The Israeli Subsidiary recorded an amount of $279 thousand as
a deduction of research and development expenses and $119 thousand as a receivable on account of grant, and CureCell recorded $134
thousand as advance payments on account of grant.
e. BIRD Secant
On July 30, 2018, Orgenesis Inc and Atvio entered into a collaboration agreement with Secant Group LLC (“Secant”). Under the
agreement, Secant will engineer and prototype 3D scaffolds based on novel biomaterials and technologies involving bioresorbable polymer
microparticles, while Atvio will provide expertise in cell coatings, cell production, process development and support services. Under the
agreement, Orgenesis is authorized to utilize the jointly developed technology for its autologous cell therapy platform, including its
Autologous Insulin Producing (“AIP”) cell technology for patients with Type 1 Diabetes, acute pancreatitis and other insulin deficient
diseases. In the beginning of 2018, Atvio entered into a Cooperation and Project Funding Agreement (CPFA) with BIRD and Secant. BIRD
will give a conditional grant up to $450 thousand each to support the joint project (according to terms defined in the agreement).
As of November 30, 2018, Atvio received a total amount of $125 thousand under the grant. Up through November 30, 2018, an amount
of $275 thousand was recorded as deduction of research and development expenses and $163 thousand as a receivable on account of grant.
f. Lease Agreement
The Company leases office space for its CDMO facilities and research and development facilities in Belgium, Korea, Israel and the
United States of America under several lease agreements. The expiration dates of the lease agreements for the facilities in each country are
as follow:
Country
Belgium
Israel
Korea
United States
Expire Date
February 29, 2020 and March 31, 2030
July 31, 2023
July 14, 2020
*
*The company signed a new lease agreement during January 2019, see Note 21(f)
Future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements are as follows:
2019
2020
2021 and thereafter
Total
F-30
$
$
783
626
3,504
4,913
NOTE 11 – COLLABORATION AND LICENSE AGREEMENTS
a. Adva Biotechnology Ltd.
On January 28, 2018, the Company and Adva Biotechnology Ltd. (“Adva”), entered into a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), under
which the Company and/or its affiliates are to provide certain services relating to development of products to Adva, as may be agreed
between the parties from time to time. Under the MSA, the Company undertook to provide Adva with in kind funding in the form of
materials and services having an aggregate value of $750 thousand at the Company’s own cost in accordance with a project schedule and
related mutually acceptable project budget. The Company entered into agreement with Atvio, to fulfill its obligations pursuant this MSA.
As of November 30, 2018, the Company incurred a total expense of $361 thousand.
In consideration for and subject to the fulfillment by the Company of such in-kind funding commitment, Adva agreed that upon
completion of the development of the products, the Company and/or its affiliates and Adva shall enter into a supply agreement pursuant to
which for a period of eight (8) years following execution of such supply agreement, the Company and/or its affiliates (as applicable) is
entitled (on a non-exclusive basis) to purchase the products from Adva at a specified discount pricing from their then standard pricing. The
Company and/or its affiliates were also granted a non-exclusive worldwide right to distribute such products, directly or through any of their
respective contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO) service centers during such term. The MSA shall remain in
effect for 10 years unless earlier terminated in accordance with its terms.
b. Tel Hashomer Medical Research, Infrastructure and Services Ltd (“THM”).
On February 2, 2012, the Company’s Israeli Subsidiary entered into a licensing agreement with THM. According to the agreement, the
Israeli Subsidiary was granted a worldwide, royalty bearing, exclusive license to trans-differentiation of cells to insulin producing cells,
including the population of insulin producing cells, methods of making this population, and methods of using this population of cells for
cell therapy or diabetes treatment developed by Dr. Sarah Ferber of THM.
As consideration for the license, the Israeli Subsidiary will pay the following to THM:
1)
2)
3)
4)
A royalty of 3.5% of net sales;
16% of all sublicensing fees received;
An annual license fee of $15 thousand, which commenced on January 1, 2012 and shall be paid once every year thereafter.
The annual fee is non-refundable, but it shall be paid each year against the royalty noted above, to the extent that such are
payable, during that year; and
Milestone payments as follows:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
$50 thousand on the date of initiation of phase I clinical trials in human subjects;
$50 thousand on the date of initiation of phase II clinical trials in human subjects;
$150 thousand on the date of initiation of phase III clinical trials in human subjects;
$750 thousand on the date of initiation of issuance of an approval for marketing of the first product by the FDA; and
$2 million when worldwide net sales of Products (as defined in the agreement) have reached the amount of $150
million for the first time, (the “Sales Milestone”).
As of November 30, 2018, the Israeli Subsidiary had not reached any of these milestones.
F-31
In the event of closing of an acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding share capital of the Israeli Subsidiary and/or consolidation
of the Israeli Subsidiary or the Company into or with another corporation (“Exit”), the THM shall be entitled to choose whether to receive
from the Israeli Subsidiary a one-time payment based, as applicable, on the value of either 463,651 shares of common stock of the
Company at the time of the Exit or the value of 1,000 shares of common stock of the Israeli Subsidiary at the time of the Exit.
c. Mircod Limited
On June 18, 2018, the Company and Mircod Limited, a company formed under the laws of Cyprus (“Mircod”) entered into a
Collaboration and License Agreement (the “Mircod Collaboration Agreement”) for the research, development and commercialization of
potential key technologies related to biological sensing for the Company's clinical development and manufacturing projects (the
“Development Project”).
Under the Mircod Collaboration Agreement, all results of such collaboration (“Project Results”) shall be jointly owned by Mircod and
the Company. The Company was granted an exclusive, worldwide sub licensable license under Mircod’s right in such Project Results to
use and commercialize Project Results in consideration for a royalty of 5% of net sales (as defined in the Collaboration Agreement) of
products incorporating Project Results.
Subject to completion of the Development Project, Mircod and the Company are to negotiate and enter into a manufacturing and supply
agreement under which Mircod is to manufacture and supply products incorporating the Project Results and, at the Company’s request, to
provide support and maintenance service for such products. If for whatever reason the parties fail to enter into such manufacturing and
supply agreement within 90 days of the completion of the Development Project or if Mircod is unable to perform such services, the
Company is entitled to manufacture the products, in which event Mircod will be entitled to a payment of $80,000 and royalties on Net Sales
are to increase to 8% of Net Sales. As of November 30, 2018, the Developments Project has not completed.
d. HekaBio K.K
On July 10, 2018, the Company and HekaBio K.K. (“HB”), a corporation organized under the laws of Japan entered into a Joint Venture
Agreement (the “HB JVA”) pursuant to which the parties will collaborate in the clinical development and commercialization of
regeneration and cell and gene therapeutic products (hereinafter the “Products”) in Japan (the “Project”). The parties intend to pursue the
joint venture through a newly established Japanese company (hereinafter the “JV Company”) which the Company by itself, or together with
a designee, will hold a 49% participating interest therein, with the remaining 51% participating interest being held by HB. HB will fund, at
its sole expense, all costs associated with obtaining the requisite regulatory approvals for conducting clinical trials, as well as performing all
clinical and other testing required for market authorization of the Products in Japan.
Under the JVA, each party may invest up to $10 million, which may take the form of a loan, if required, as determined by the steering
committee. The terms of such investment, if any, will be on terms mutually agreeable to the parties, provided that the minimum pre-money
valuation for any such investment shall not be less than $10 million. Additionally, HB was granted an option to affect an equity investment
in the Company of up to $15 million within the next 12 months on mutually agreeable terms. If such investment is in fact consummated,
the Company agreed to invest in the JV Company by way of a convertible loan an amount equal to HB’s pro-rata participating interest in
the JV Company, which initially will be at 51%. Such loan may then be converted by the Company into share capital of the JV company at
an agreed upon formula for determining JV Company valuation which in no event shall be less than $10 million. Under the JVA, the
Company can require HB to sell to the Company its participating (including equity) interest in the JV Company in consideration for the
issuance of the Company’s common stock based on an agreed upon formula for determining JV Company valuation which in no event shall
be less than $10 million.
In addition, under the JVA, the Company shall grant the JV Company an exclusive license to certain intellectual property of the
Company as may be required for the JV Company to develop and commercialize the Products in Japan. In consideration of such license,
the JV Company shall pay the Company, in addition to other payments, royalties at the rate of 10% of the JV Company’s net sales of
Products.
F-32
It was further agreed that the JV Company shall grant the Company (and its affiliates) a non-exclusive, worldwide (other than Japan),
royalty-free and fully paid-up license to use and practice, for any purpose, new inventions, discoveries and intellectual property rights that
are generated by and/or on behalf of HB and/or the JV Company in connection with the Project.
On October 3, 2018, the Company entered into a License Agreement with the JV Company pursuant to the JVA pertaining to the
licenses described above.
Apart from the above, as of November 30, 2018, no activity had begun in the said JV and no investments were made therein.
e. Image Securities Ltd.
On July 11, 2018, the Company and Image Securities Ltd., a corporation with its registered office in Grand Cayman, Grand Cayman
Islands (“India Partner”) entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (the “India JVA”) pursuant to which the parties will collaborate in the
development and/or marketing, clinical development and commercialization of cell therapy products in India (the “Cell Therapy Products”).
The India Partner will collaborate with a network of healthcare facilities and a healthcare infrastructure as well as financial partners to
advance the development and commercialization of the cell therapy products.
The India JVA becomes effective upon the consummation of an equity investment by the India Partner in the Company of $5 million
within 15 days of the execution of the India JVA through the purchase of units of the Company securities at a per unit purchase price
payable into the Company of $6.24, with each unit comprised of one share of the Company and three-year warrant for the acquisition of an
additional common share at a per share exercise price of $6.24. Following the consummation of such equity investment in the Company, on
October 18, 2018, the Company entered into a convertible loan agreement with the India Joint Venture company (“India JV”) pursuant to
which the Company agreed to invest $5 million into the India JV. The loan is convertible into equity capital of the India JV at an agreed
upon formula for determining India JV valuation. The investment in the Company by the India Partner was the consummation of the
previously disclosed private placement subscription agreement entered into in December 2016 between the Company and an affiliate of the
India Partner pursuant to which the closing of such subscription agreement was by the terms thereof delayed until terms comprising the
India JV were mutually agreed to. As of November 30, 2018, the Company has advanced $1 million to the JV Company under the
convertible loan agreement, the loan will bear interest of 6% per annum and the outstanding amount (principal and interest) will be payable
after two years. The loan was presented in the balance sheet as loan to related party.
Under the India JVA, the India Partner agreed to invest in the JV $10 million within 12 months of the incorporation of the India JV. If
for whatever reason such investment is not made by the India Partner within such time, then the Company is authorized to convert its
above-referenced loan into 50% of the equity capital of the India JV on a fully diluted basis, provided that if the pre-money valuation of
the India JV is then independently determined to be less than $5 million, then such conversion to be effected in the basis of such valuation.
Apart from the above, as of November 30, 2018, no activity had begun.
As part of the agreement, the Indian joint venture will procure consulting services from the Company in the amount of $1 million per
month – See also Note 21(c).
f. Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals PLC.
On October 18, 2018, the Company and Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals PLC., a corporation with its registered office in the United
Kingdom and Hemogenyx-Cell (“H-Cell"), a corporation with its registered office in Belgium (together “Hemo”) which are engaged in the
development of cell replacement bone marrow therapy technology entered into a Collaboration Agreement (the “Hemo agreement”)
pursuant to which the parties will collaborate in the funding of the continued development of, and commercialization of the Hemo
technology via the Hemo group companies. Pursuant to the Hemo agreement the Company and Hemogenyx LLC (“Hemo-LLC”) (a wholly
owned USA subsidiary of Hemo) entered into a loan agreement on November 7, 2018 according to which the Company agreed to loan
Hemo-LLC not less than $1 million by way of a convertible loan. On November 25, 2018 the Company and Hemo entered into a License
and Distribution agreement according to which Company received the worldwide rights to market the products under the agreement in
consideration for the payment of a 12% royalty all subject to the terms of the agreement. On November 25, 2018, the Company and H-Cell
signed an Exclusive Manufacturing agreement according to which the Company will receive the right to manufacture certain of H-Cell
products.
F-33
As of November 30, 2018, the Company advanced $0.5 million as a convertible loan and an additional $0.25 million was advanced in
December 2018 (see Note 21(b)). The entire loan as of November 30, 2018, in the amount of $0.5 million, was charged to expense under
ASC 730-10-50 and 20-50 and presented as research and development costs. See Note 8 (a).
g. Immugenyx LLC.
On October 16, 2018, the Company and Immugenyx LLC., a corporation with its registered office in the USA (“Immu”) which is
engaged in the development of technology related to the production and use of humanized mice entered into a Collaboration Agreement
(the “Immu agreement”) pursuant to which the parties will collaborate in the funding of the continued development of, and
commercialization of the Immu technology. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company received the worldwide rights to market the products
under the agreement in consideration for the payment of a 12% royalty all subject to the terms of the agreement. Pursuant to the Immu
agreement the Company and Immu entered into a loan agreement on November 7, 2018 according to which the Company agreed to loan
Immu not less than US$1 Million by way of a convertible loan. As of November 30, 2018, the Company advanced $0.5 million as
convertible loan, and an additional $0.25 million was advanced in December 2018 (see Note 21(b)). The entire loan as of November 30,
2018, in the amount of $0.5 million, was charged to expense under ASC 730-10-50 and 20-50 and presented as research and development
costs. See also Note 8 (a).
h. BG Negev Technologies and Applications (“BGN”).
On August 2, 2018, the Company’s USA Subsidiary entered into a licensing agreement with BGN. According to the agreement, the
USA Subsidiary was granted a worldwide, royalty bearing, exclusive license to develop and commercialize a novel alginate scaffold
technology for cell transplantation focused on autoimmune diseases.
On November 25, 2018, the Company’s USA Subsidiary entered into a further licensing agreement with BGN. According to the
agreement, the USA Subsidiary was granted a worldwide, royalty bearing, exclusive license to develop and commercialize technology
directed to RAFT modification of polysaccharides and use of a bioreactor for supporting cell constructs.
As consideration for the licenses, the USA Subsidiary will pay royalties of between 2% and 4% of net sales of the licensed product, sub-
license fees of between 15% and 20% of sub-license income received, license fees of $10,000 per year per license, and milestone and
budget payments according to agree upon work plans to BGN.
i. Collaboration agreement
During 2018, the Company and Cure Therapeutics entered into a collaboration agreement for the development of therapies based on
liver and NK cells. The agreement will be governed by a joint steering committee and carried out in accordance with the projects' work
plans. Under the plan, each party will generally bear its own share of expenses. As of November 30, 2018, the Company has incurred $1.2
million of research and development expenses in relation to the project. As part of the agreement, Cure Therapeutics has subcontracted
development and contract manufacturing activates to CureCell, for which service revenue of $1 million has been recognized.
NOTE 12 – INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES, NET
a. On May 10, 2016, the Company and Atvio entered into joint venture agreement, pursuant to which the parties agreed to collaborate in the
field of the CDMO in Israel (the “Atvio JVA”). The parties pursued the joint venture through Atvio, the Company had 50% participating
interest therein in any and all rights and obligations and in any and all profits and losses. Atvio's operations commenced in September 2016.
F-34
The Company remitted to Atvio $1 million under the terms of the Atvio JVA to defray the costs associated with the setting up and the
maintenance of the GMP facility. The Company’s funding was made by way of a convertible loan to Atvio, which could have been
convertible at the Company’s option at any time. The Company concluded that, based on the terms of the agreement, it had the ability to
exercise significant influence in Atvio, but had no control. Therefore, the investment was accounted for under the equity method. In
addition, at any time following the first anniversary year of the Effective Date the Company had the option to require the Atvio’s
shareholders to transfer to the Company the entirety of their interest in Atvio for the consideration specified in the agreement. Within three
years from the Effective Date, the Atvio’s shareholders had the option to require the Company to purchase from Atvio's shareholders their
entire interest in Atvio for the consideration based on Atvio's valuation mechanism as specified in the agreement. The above-mentioned
options were accounted as derivatives and measured at fair value and was presented in the balance sheet in " put option derivative " line
item (See Note 17). On June 28, 2018 the Company exercised its call options in Atvio, see also Note 4.
b. On March 14, 2016, Orgenesis Inc. and CureCell entered into a joint venture agreement (the “CureCell JVA”), pursuant to which the
parties are collaborating in the field of the CDMO in Korea.
Under the CureCell JVA, CureCell had procured, at its sole expense, a GMP facility and appropriate staff in Korea for the manufacture
of the cell therapy products. The Company had to share with CureCell the Company’s know-how in the field of cell therapy manufacturing
All obligations were fulfilled by the parties and each party had 50% from the participating interest and in any and all profits and losses of
the joint venture. The Company remitted to CureCell $2.1 million under the terms of the CureCell JVA. On June 28, 2018 the Company
exercised its call options in CureCell, see also Note 4.
c. The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in the investments for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017:
Opening balance
Reclass with short-term receivables
Investments during the period
Share in losses
Reductions due to the acquisition of CureCell and Atvio – see also Note 4
NOTE 13 – EQUITY
a. Share Capital
November 30,
2018
2017
(In thousands)
$
$
1,321 $
(795)
-
(731)
205
- $
(12)
118
2,429
(1,214)
-
1,321
The Company’s common shares were traded on the OTCQB Venture Market under OTC Market Group’s OTCQB tier under the symbol
“ORGS”. On March 13, 2018, the Company's common stock began to be listed and traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol
“ORGS.”
b. Financings
(1) In January 2017, the Company entered into definitive agreements with an institutional investor for the private placement of
2,564,115 units of the Company’s securities for aggregate subscription proceeds to the Company of $16 million at $6.24 price per unit.
Each unit is comprised of one share of the Company’s Common Stock and a one warrant, exercisable over a three-years period from the
date of issuance, to purchase one additional share of Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24 (“Unit”). The subscription
proceeds have been paid to the Company on a periodic basis through October 2018.
F-35
In July 2018, the Company entered into definitive agreements with assignees of the aforementioned institutional investor whereby these
assignees remitted $4.6 million in respect of the units available under the original subscription agreement that have not been subscribed for,
entitling such investors to 702,307 units, with each unit being comprised of (i) one share of the Company's common stock and (ii) one three-
year warrant to purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s common stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24.
During the year ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 the investor and the assignees remitted to the Company $11.5 and $4.5 million,
and the Company issued 1,813,687 and 721,160 Units, respectively.
As of November 30, 2018, 550,481 shares have not been issued and therefore the Company has recorded $2.3 million in receipts on
account of shares to be allotted in the statement of equity.
In connection therewith, during the year ended November 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company had transaction costs of approximately $328
and $225 thousand, respectively, out of which $121 and $253 thousand are stock-based compensation expenses due to issuance of warrants
and shares. See also Note 15(d).
(2) During the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company entered into definitive agreements with accredited and other qualified
investors relating to a private placement of 1,237,642 units. Each unit is comprised of (i) one share of the Company’s common stock and (ii)
three-year warrant to purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24, for
aggregate proceeds to the Company of approximately $7.7 million.
The transaction costs were approximately $349 thousand, out of which $125 thousand are stock-based compensation due to issuance of
warrants. See also 15(d).
(3) During the year ended November 30, 2018, investors exercised 136,646 warrants into 136,646 shares of the Company’s Common
Stock, for aggregate proceeds of $853 thousand.
c. Contingent Shares
According to the share exchange agreement signed during 2015, the former shareholders of MaSTherCell received a “consideration of
shares” of Orgenesis Inc. in exchange of their shares in MaSTherCell. At the time of MaSTherCell’s acquisition by the Company, there was
outstanding convertible bonds issued by MaSTherCell in an amount of $1.8 million (Euro 1.6 million). Under the share exchange
agreement in case MaSTherCell is repaying the principal amount and the accrued interest of the convertible bonds, the former shareholders
will give back to the Company a portion of the consideration shares. To that effect, the number of consideration shares to be released back
to the Company, shall be determined by dividing the subscription amount of the outstanding convertible bonds plus interest owed
thereunder (converted into USD according to the currency exchange rate applicable on the day of conversion) by the consideration and by
applying the resulting quotient to actual total number of consideration shares received by former shareholder of MaSTherCell.
During January 2017 MaSTherCell repaid all but one of its bondholders and the aggregate payment amounted to $1.7 million (Euro 1.5
million). According to the terms of the release back pursuant the share exchange agreement, the Company returned to treasury a total of
263,148 shares. These shares have been retired and cancelled. See also Note 8(d).
d. Warrants
A summary of the Company's warrants granted to investors and as finders fees as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 and changes for the
years then ended is presented below:
Warrants outstanding at the beginning of the year
Changes during the year:
Issued
Exercised
Expired
Cancelled**
Warrants outstanding and exercisable at end of the year*
2018
2017
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$
6.26
6.27
6.24
6.10
6.24
6.27
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$
6.25
6.32
6.24
6.26
Number of
Warrants
1,620,993
1,144,647
-
(155,776)
-
2,609,864
Number of
Warrants
2,609,864
4,488,854
(136,646)
(382,414)
(66,667)
6,512,991
* As of November 30, 2018, and 2017, 769,411 and 1,066,691 warrants respectively, are subject to exercise price adjustments
** see also Note 15(d).
F-36
Basic:
Net loss attributable to Orgenesis Inc
Adjustment of redeemable non-controlling interest to redemption amount
Net loss attributable to Orgenesis Inc. for loss per share
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Basic loss per common share
Diluted:
Net loss attributable to Orgenesis Inc. for loss per share
Changes in fair value of embedded derivative and interest expenses on convertible note
Loss for the year
Weighted average number of shares used in the computation of basic loss per share
Number of dilutive shares related to convertible note
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Diluted loss per common share
NOTE 14 – LOSS PER SHARE
Year Ended
November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands,
except per share data)
18,291 $
884
19,637 $
13,374,103
1.43 $
19,175
-
19,175 $
13,374,103
-
13,374,103
12,367
-
12,367
9,679,964
1.28
12,367
392
12,759
9,679,964
34,288
9,714,252
1.43 $
1.31
$
$
$
$
$
$
The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share for the periods indicated:
For the year ended November 30, 2018, all outstanding convertible notes, options and warrants have been excluded from the calculation
of the diluted net loss per share since their effect was anti-dilutive.
For the year ended November 30, 2017, all outstanding options and warrants and 1,057,785 shares upon conversion of convertible notes
have been excluded from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share since their effect was anti-dilutive.
NOTE 15– STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
a. Global Share Incentive Plan
On May 11, 2017, the annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders approved the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”) under
which, the Company had reserved a pool of 1,750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which may be issued at the discretion of the
Company's board of directors from time to time. Under this Plan, each option is exercisable into one share of common stock of the
Company. The options may be exercised after vesting and in accordance with the vesting schedule that will be determined by the
Company's board of directors for each grant. The maximum contractual life term of the options is 10 years. As of November 30, 2018, total
options granted under this plan are 1,040,942, and the total options that are available for grants under this plan are 709,058.
F-37
On May 23, 2012, the Company's board of directors adopted the Global Share Incentive Plan 2012 (the “2012 Plan") under which, the
Company had reserved a pool of 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which may be issued at the discretion of the
Company's board of directors from time to time. Under this plan, each option is exercisable into one share of common stock of the
Company. The options may be exercised after vesting and in accordance with the vesting schedule that will be determined by the
Company's board of directors for each grant. The maximum contractual life term of the options is 10 years. As of November 30, 2018, total
options granted under this plan are 699,991, and the total options that are available for grants under this plan are 300,009.
b. Options Granted to Employees and Directors
Below is a table summarizing all of the options grants to employees and made during the years ended November 30, 2018, and 2017:
Employees
Directors
Directors
Employees
Year of
grant
2018
2018
2017
2017
No. of options
granted
762,400
113,800
166,668
525,005
Exercise price
Vesting period
$4.42-$8.91
$5.99
$4.80
$4.8,$7.2
vest immediately-4
years
1 year
2 years
vest immediately-4
years
Fair value at grant
(in thousands)
$4,233
$507
$558
$1,915
Expiration
period
10 years
10 years
10 years
10 years
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated at the date of grant using a Black Scholes option pricing model. The volatility is
based on historical volatility of the Company, by statistical analysis of the weekly share price for past periods based on expected term. The
expected option term is calculated using the simplified method ,as the Company concludes that its historical share option exercise
experience does not provide a reasonable basis to estimate its expected option term. The fair value of each option grant is based on the
following assumptions:
Value of one common share
Dividend yield
Expected stock price volatility
Risk free interest rate
Expected term (years)
Year Ended November 30,
2018
$4.42-$8.7
0%
2017
$4.68,$7.2
0%
88%-98% 93.8%-95.4%
2.33%-3.2% 1.89%-1.76%
4.13-10
5
A summary of the Company's stock options granted to employees and directors as of November 30, 2018 and 2017 and changes for the
years then ended is presented below:
Options outstanding at the beginning of the year
Changes during the year:
Granted
Expired
Forfeited
Options outstanding at end of the year
Options exercisable at end of the year
2018
2017
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$
3.11
7.13
5.26
4.68
4.51
2.91
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$
1.92
5.28
7.58
4.8
3.11
2.57
Number of
Options
978,853
691,673
(38,106)
(27,365)
1,605,055
1,135,107
Number of
Options
1,605,055
876,200
(61,463)
(43,365)
2,376,427
1,504,542
F-38
The following table presents summary information concerning the options granted and exercisable to employees and directors
outstanding as of November 30, 2018:
Exercise
Price
$
Number of
Outstanding
Options
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
$
(in thousands)
Number of
Exercisable
Options
Aggregate
Exercisable
Options
Value $
(in thousands)
0.0012
0.012
4.42
4.8
5.99
6
7.2
8.36
8.43
8.91
9
9.48
10.2
462,015
278,191
50,000
524,999
384,050
33,334
83,334
250,000
160,994
30,500
20,834
58,908
39,268
2,376,427
4.78
3.18
9.02
8.03
9.35
5.67
8.51
9.58
9.46
9.55
4.63
3.61
3.51
7.15
2,776
1,669
79
635
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5,167
462,015
278,191
37,500
440,104
32,750
33,334
83,334
14,492
3,813
20,834
58,908
39,267
1,504,542
1
3
166
2,112
196
200
600
-
156
34
188
558
401
4,598
Costs incurred with respect to stock-based compensation for employees and directors for the years ended November 30, 2018 and 2017
were $2,426 thousand and $1,536 thousand, respectively. As of November 30, 2018, there was $3,783 thousand of unrecognized
compensation costs related to non-vested employees and directors stock options, to be recorded over the next 3.89 years.
c. Options Granted to Consultants and service providers
Below is a table summarizing all the compensation granted to consultants and service providers during the years ended November 30,
2018 and 2017:
Non-employees
Non-employees
Year of
grant
2018
2017
No. of options
granted
102,763
Exercise
price
$4.42-$8.34
16,668
$4.8
Vesting period
vest immediately-4
years
Quarterly over a period
of one year
Fair value at
grant
(in thousands)
$444
$68
Expiration
period
10 years
10 years
The fair value of options granted during 2018 and 2017 to consultants and service providers, was computed using the Black-Scholes
model. The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated at the date of grant using a Black Scholes option pricing model. The volatility
is based on historical volatility of the Company, by statistical analysis of the weekly share price for past periods based on the expected term
period, the expected term is the contractual term of each grant. The expenses are subsequently adjusted to fair value at the end of each
reporting period until such options vest, and the fair value of such instruments, as adjusted, is expensed over the related vesting period. The
underlying data used for computing the fair value of the options are as follows:
F-39
Value of one common share
Dividend yield
Expected stock price volatility
Risk free interest rate
Expected term (years)
Year Ended November
30,
2018
$4.42-
$8.34
0%
2017
$3.6-$7.44
0%
91%-95% 87%-95%
2.33%-
3.20%
9.79-10
1.19%-
1.89%
4-5
A summary of the status of the stock options granted to consultants and service providers as of November 30, 2018, and 2017 and
changes for the years then ended is presented below:
Options outstanding at the beginning of the year
Changes during the year:
Granted
Expired
Forfeited
Cancelled
Options outstanding at end of the year
Options exercisable at end of the year
2018
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Number of
Options
Price
$
Number of
Options
2017
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$
399,380
102,763
-
(15,500)
(16,669)
469,974
436,640
7.47
4.92
-
-
7.02
5.75
5.75
441,621
16,668
(58,909)
-
399,380
379,712
6.24
4.80
8.28
-
7.47
5.76
The following table presents summary information concerning the options granted and exercisable to consultants and service providers
outstanding as of November 30, 2018 (in thousands, except per share data):
Exercise
Price
$
3.36
3.6
4.42
4.8
5.3
5.99
6
6.4
7.32
8.34
11.52
16.8
Number of
Outstanding
Options
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value*
$
(in thousands)
Number of
Exercisable
Options
Aggregate
Exercisable
Options
Value $
(in thousands)
136,775
83,334
10,325
16,667
35,000
25,005
90,000
8,333
8,334
8,600
8,334
39,267
469,974
7.41
7.25
9.02
8.03
9.79
9.9
5.67
9.13
3.98
9.61
4.35
3.37
6.83
362
201
16
20
25
624
136,775
83,334
10,325
16,667
20,000
13,337
90,000
1,667
8,334
8,600
8,334
39,267
436,640
460
300
46
80
106
80
540
11
61
72
96
660
2,512
Costs incurred with respect to options granted to consultants and service providers for the year ended November 30, 2018 and 2017 was
$331 thousand and $322 thousand, respectively. As of November 30, 2018, there was $157 thousand of unrecognized compensation costs
related to non-vested consultants and service providers, to be recorded over the next 3.13 years.
F-40
d. Warrants and Shares Issued to Non-Employees
1) During the year ended November 30, 2018, the Company granted to several consultants 78,782 warrants each exercisable between
$6.24 and $15.41 per share for three years. The fair value of those warrants as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model
was $350 thousand. The warrants granted as a success fee with respect to private placement and the issuance of convertible loans.
2) In December 2017, the Company entered into investor relations services, marketing and related services agreements. Under the terms
of the agreement, the Company agreed to grant the consultants a total of 195,000 shares of restricted common stock, out of which the first
50,000 shares will vest after 30 days from the signing date, and 145,000 shares are to vest monthly over 15 months commencing February
2018. As of November 30, 2018, 140,000 shares were vested. The fair value of the shares as of the date of grant was $1,439 thousand.
3) In January 2018, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a financial advisor for a period of one year. Under the terms
of the agreement, the consultant was entitled to receive $60 thousand and 19,000 units of the Company securities. Each unit is comprised of
(i) one share of the Company’s common stock and (ii) a three-year warrant to purchase up to an additional one share of the Company’s
Common Stock at a per share exercise price of $6.24. The fair value of the units as of the date of grant was $171 thousand, out of which
$62 thousand reflect the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes valuation model. In July 2018, the board approved an additional
issuance of 6,629 shares and three-year warrants to purchase up to 6,629 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a per share exercise
price of $6.24. The fair value of the units as of the date of grant was $88 thousand.
4) During the year ended November 30, 2017, the Company granted to several consultants 53,148 warrants each exercisable at $6.24 or
$10.20 per share for three years. The fair value of those options as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model was $211
thousand, out of which $169 thousand is related to 38,001 warrants granted as a success fee with respect to the issuance of the convertible
notes.
NOTE 16 – TAXES
a. Corporate taxation in the U.S.
The applicable corporate tax rate for the Company and the U.S. subsidiaries is 21% following the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the
“TCJA”), excluding state tax and local tax. On December 22, 2017, the TCJA was signed into law, which among other changes reduced the
federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective January 1, 2018.
As of November 30, 2018, the Company has an accumulated tax loss carryforward of approximately $19 million (as of November 30,
2017, approximately $12.8 million). Under U.S. tax laws, subject to certain limitations, carryforward tax losses expire 20 years after the
year in which incurred. Utilization of the U.S. net operating losses may be subject to substantial annual limitation due to the "change in
ownership" provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration
of net operating losses before utilization.
b. Corporate taxation in Israel
The Israeli Subsidiaries are taxed in accordance with Israeli tax laws. The corporate tax rates applicable to 2018 and 2017 are 23% and
24% respectively.
As of November 30, 2018, the Israeli Subsidiaries has an accumulated tax loss carryforward of approximately $7.3 million (as of
November 30, 2017, approximately $5.8 million). Under the Israeli tax laws, carryforward tax losses have no expiration date.
c. Corporate taxation in Belgian
The Belgian Subsidiaries are taxed according to Belgian tax laws. The corporate tax rate applicable to 2020, 2019- 2018 and 2017 are
25%, 29.58% and 34%.
F-41
As of November 30, 2018, the Belgian Subsidiaries has an accumulated tax loss carryforward of approximately $5.9 million (€5.2
million), (as of November 30, 2017 $15.8 million). Under the Belgian tax laws there is are limitation on accumulated tax loss carryforward
deductions of Euro 1 million per year.
d. Corporate taxation in Korea
The basic Korean corporate tax rates are currently: 10% on the first KRW 200 million of the tax base, 20% up to KRW 20 billion , 22%
up to KRW 300 billion and 25% for tax base above KRW 300 billion.
As of November 30, 2018, CureCell has an accumulated tax loss carryforward of approximately $3.2 million (KRW 3,421 million).
e. Deferred Taxes
The following table presents summary of information concerning the Company’s deferred taxes as of the periods ending November 30,
2018 and 2017 (in thousands):
Net operating loss carry forwards
Research and development expenses
Employee benefits
Property and equipment
Deferred income
Intangible assets
Less: Valuation allowance
Net deferred tax liabilities
November 30,
2018
2017
(U.S dollars in thousands)
8,868 $
2,915
181
(47)
(117)
(4,142)
(9,235)
(1,702) $
11,893
1,065
180
(61)
(292)
(5,117)
(8,358)
(690)
$
$
Realization of deferred tax assets is contingent upon sufficient future taxable income during the period that deductible temporary
differences and carry forwards losses are expected to be available to reduce taxable income. As the achievement of required future taxable
income is not considered more likely than not achievable, the Company and all its subsidiaries except MaSTherCell, Atvio and CureCell
have recorded full valuation allowance.
The changes in valuation allowance are comprised as follows:
Balance at the beginning of year
Additions during the year
Balance at end of year
f. Reconciliation of the Theoretical Tax Expense to Actual Tax Expense
Year Ended November 30,
2018
2017
(U.S dollars in thousands)
$
$
(8,358) $
(877)
(9,235) $
(5,151)
(3,207)
(8,358)
The main reconciling item between the statutory tax rate of the Company and the effective rate is the provision for full valuation
allowance with respect to tax benefits from carry forward tax losses and changes in cooperate tax rate in the U.S and Belgium.
g. Uncertain Tax Provisions
ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” requires significant judgment in determining what constitutes an individual tax position as well as
assessing the outcome of each tax position. Changes in judgment as to recognition or measurement of tax positions can materially affect the
estimate of the effective tax rate and consequently, affect the operating results of the Company. As of November 30, 2018, the Company
has not accrued a provision for uncertain tax positions.
F-42
NOTE 17 - FAIR VALUE PRESENTATION
The Company measures fair value and discloses fair value measurements for financial assets and liabilities. Fair value is based on the
price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the
measurement date. The accounting standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to
measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described below:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair
value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
Level 2: Observable inputs that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to
Level 3 inputs.
In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of
unobservable inputs, to the extent possible, and considers credit risk in its assessment of fair value.
As of November 30, 2017, the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value and classified as level 3 fair value are as follows (in
thousands):
Embedded derivatives convertible loans *
CALL/PUT option derivative
November
30,
2017
Level 3
(37)
(339)
* The embedded derivative is presented in the Company's balance sheets on a combined basis with the related host contract (the convertible
loans).
The fair value is determined by using a Black-Scholes Model.
The following table presents the assumptions that were used for the models as of November 30, 2017:
Fair value of shares of common stock
Expected volatility
Discount on lack of marketability
Risk free interest rate
Expected term (years)
Expected dividend yield
Embedded
Derivative
$ 4.38
77%
-
1.21%-1.39%
0.17-0.42
0%
Put Option
Derivative
54%
12%
1.44%
0.5
The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s financial liabilities classified as Level 3 for the
year ended November 30, 2018:
Balance at beginning of the period
Repayment
Changes in fair value during the period
Option disposal
Balance at end of the period
F-43
Embedded
Put
Option
Derivatives Derivative
$
$
37 $
(14)
(23)
-
- $
(339)
-
49
290
-
(*) There were no transfers to Level 3 during the twelve months ended November 30, 2018.
The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s financial liabilities classified as Level 3 for the
year ended November 30, 2017:
Balance at beginning of the year
Repayment
Changes in fair value during the period
Translation adjustments
Balance at end of the year
Embedded
Derivatives
Convertible
Bonds
Put Option
Derivative
$
$
240 $
(876)
662
11
37 $
1,818 $
(1,827)
22
(13)
- $
273
-
(612)
-
(339)
(*) There were no transfers to Level 3 during the twelve months ended November 30, 2017.
The Company has performed a sensitivity analysis of the results for the Put Option Derivative fair value as of November 30, 2017 with
the following parameters:
Sensitivity analysis due to changes in the assumptions expected volatility
Sensitivity analysis due to changes in Atvio's FV
$
335 $
252
339 $
339
379
440
Base -50%
Base
(in thousands)
Base+50%
NOTE 18 – RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES, NET
Total expenses
Less grants
Total
NOTE 19– FINANCIAL EXPENSES, NET
Decrease in fair value of warrants and financial liabilities measured at fair value
Stock-based compensation related to warrants granted due to issuance of credit facility
Interest expense on convertible loans
Foreign exchange loss, net
Other income
Total
NOTE 20- RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS
a. Related Parties presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss
F-44
Year Ended November 30,
2018
2017
$
$
(in thousands)
7,386 $
(922)
6,464 $
3,326
(848)
2, 478
Year ended November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
$
$
48 $
180
2,753
129
7
3,117 $
(902)
1,497
1,233
562
57
2,447
Management and consulting fees to Board Members
Stock Based Compensation expenses to Board Members
Compensation of executive officers
Stock Based Compensation expenses to executive officers
Interest Expenses on convertible loan from director
b. Related Parties presented in the consolidated balance sheets
Convertible Loan from director
Executive officers’ payables
Loan to Related Party. See Note 11(e)
Non-executive directors payable
NOTE 21 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
$
$
$
$
For the year ended November
30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
52 $
304
1,119
1,479
13 $
25
393
419
821
55
Year ended November 30,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
167
358
-
316
- $
1,164
1,007
41 $
a. In December 2018, the Company entered into unsecured convertible loan agreements with accredited or offshore investors for an
aggregate amount of $250 thousand. The loans bear an annual interest rate of 2% and mature in three years unless converted earlier under
the same terms as the convertible loans presented in Note 8(a).
b. During December 2018, the Company advanced a total of $0.5 million to Hemogenyx Pharmaceuticals PLC and Immugenyx PLC. See
Notes 11(f) and 11(g).
c. On February 4, 2019, the Indian Joint Venture transferred the first payment of $1 million for services under the India JVA. See also
Note 11(e).
d. In December 2018, the Company entered into a Controlled Equity Offering Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”) with Cantor
Fitzgerald & Co.(“Cantor”) pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time through Cantor, shares of the Company’s
common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million. The Company will pay Cantor a commission rate equal to 3.0%
of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale. The Company has not yet sold any shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement.
e. During December 2018, the Company received authorization from the Direction des Programmes de recherche in Belgium that based on
a program and budget of $1.5 million in the field of gene-therapy research for diabetes 1 treatment, the Company could receive up to $ 350
thousand by June 2021.
f. During January 2019, Masthercell Global executed a lease agreement for production facilities in the United States. Under the terms of
the agreement, Masthercell Global leased approximately 32,000 square feet for 180 months. Masthercell Global advanced $1.6 million on
account of a security deposit, tenant improvement allowance and prepaid base rent. The annual rental increases over the lease period from
approximately $726 thousand to $962 thousand.
g. In December 2018 and January 2019, the Board of Directors of Masthercell Global approved option grants for the purchase of 61,111
options in Masthercell Global under the Masthercell Global option plan to Masthercell Global executives, at an exercise price of $13.52.
F-45
ORGENESIS INC.
List of Subsidiaries
Exhibit 21.1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
MaSTherCell Global Inc.
Orgenesis SPRL
Orgenesis Ltd.
Orgenesis Maryland Inc.
Atvio Biotech Ltd.
CureCell Co. Ltd.
Cell Therapy Holdings S.A.
Masthercell U.S., LLC
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-223777) of Orgenesis Inc.
of our report dated February 13, 2019 related to the consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over
financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K.
/s/ Kesselman & Kesselman
Certified Public Accountants (Isr.)
A member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited
Tel-Aviv, Israel
February 13, 2019
ORGENESIS INC.
CEO CERTIFICATE
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
Exhibit 31.1
I, Vered Caplan, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Orgenesis Inc. for the year ended November 30, 2018;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with
respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented
in this report;
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
and
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial
reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):
a.
b.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 13, 2019
By:
/s/ Vered Caplan
Name: Vered Caplan
Title: Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
ORGENESIS INC.
CFO CERTIFICATE
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302
Exhibit 31.2
I, Neil Reithinger, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Orgenesis Inc. for the year ended November 30, 2018;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with
respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented
in this report;
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the
Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;
and
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial
reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):
a.
b.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the
Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 13, 2019
By:
/s/ Neil Reithinger
Name: Neil Reithinger
Title: Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal
Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
ORGENESIS INC.
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 32.1
In connection with this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Orgenesis Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended November 30, 2018 as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, in the capacity and on the date indicated
below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to
her knowledge:
1.
2.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of
the Company.
Date: February 13, 2019
By:
/s/ Vered Caplan
Name: Vered Caplan
Title: Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
ORGENESIS INC.
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 32.2
In connection with this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Orgenesis Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended November 30, 2018 as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, in the capacity and on the date indicated
below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to
his knowledge:
1.
2.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the
Company.
Date: February 13, 2019
By:
/s/ Neil Reithinger
Name: Neil Reithinger
Title: Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal
Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)