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Origin Agritech Limited

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FY2021 Annual Report · Origin Agritech Limited
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SEED INNOVATIONS LIMITED 
(Formerly FastForward Innovations Limited) 

ANNUAL REPORT AND AUDITED  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2021 

                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Content 

Directors and Advisers 
Investing Policy 
Chairman's Statement 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer 
Directors 
Report of Directors 
Independent Auditor’s Report 
Statement of Comprehensive Income 
Statement of Financial Position 
Statement of Changes in Equity 
Statement of Cash Flows 
Notes to the Financial Statements 

Page No. 

1 
2 
4  
7 
13 
14 
19 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 

www.seedinnovations.co 
Incorporated under  
the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008, as amended. 
REGISTERED IN GUERNSEY No. 44403 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Directors and Advisers 

Directors  

Ian Burns (Non - Executive Director) – appointed Non-Executive Chairman 15 May 2020 

Edward McDermott (Executive Director) – appointed Chief Executive Officer 15 May 2020 

Lance De Jersey (Executive Director)  

Luke Cairns (Non-Executive Director) 

Lorne Abony (Chief Executive Officer) – resigned 15 May 2020 

Lance De iersey(Finance Director) 

Administrator, Secretary and Registered Office 
Vistra Fund Services (Guernsey) Limited  
11 New Street 
St Peter Port 
Guernsey 
GY1 2PF 

Registrar 
Link Market Services (Guernsey) Limited  
PO Box 627 
Bulwer Avenue 
St Sampson 
Guernsey 
GY2 4LH 

Brokers 
Shard Capital Partners LLP                     
23rd Floor, 20 Fenchurch                       
St, Bridge                                                  
London                                                      
EC3M 3BY                                                 

Investor Relations 
St Brides Partners Ltd 
100 Bishopsgate 
London 
EC2N 4AG 

Advisers 

Nominated Adviser 
Beaumont Cornish Limited  
Building 3, Chiswick Park 
566 Chiswick High Road 
London 
W4 5YA 

Independent Auditor 
Grant Thornton Limited 
PO Box 313 
Lefebvre House 
Lefebvre House, Lefebvre Street 
St Peter Port 
Guernsey 
GY1 3TF 

Guernsey Legal Adviser to the Company 
Collas Crill 
Glategny Esplanade 
St Peter Port 
Guernsey   
GY1 1WN 

English Legal Adviser to the Company  
Hill Dickinson LLP 
The Broadgate Tower 
20 Primrose Street 
London2EW 
London   
EC2A 2EW 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Investing Policy 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

“The  Board  proposes  to  invest  in  companies  which,  in  normal  circumstances,  individual  investors  may  have  limited 
access to.  

Investments sought will be in sectors which have, or have the potential for, significant intellectual property, principally 
in the wellness and life sciences sectors (including biotech, longevity of life and pharmaceuticals) along with aligned 
technology sectors (including artificial intelligence and digital delivery). Equally the Board will consider investments in 
established industries where the business is applying new technologies and/or ‘know how’ to enhance its offering or 
taking established business models or products to new markets. In keeping with its desire to provide its shareholders 
with access to investments they may otherwise not be able to participate in, the Board also intends to apply a portion 
of the portfolio to opportunistic investments which may, by exception, fall outside the above criteria but represent good 
potential for short term returns. Such investments will be limited at 15% of the Company’s NAV and would typically be 
in fundraisings by listed companies or as part of an IPO. 

Initially  the geographical focus will be North America and Europe, but  investments may also be considered in other 
regions to the extent that the Board considers that valuable opportunities exist, and positive returns can be achieved. 

In selecting investment opportunities, the Board will focus on businesses, assets and/or projects that are available at 
attractive valuations and hold opportunities to unlock embedded value. In line with the existing portfolio it is expected 
that investments will be in SMEs with sub £100 million valuations but with the potential for significant growth. Where 
appropriate, the Board may seek to invest in businesses where it may influence the business at a board level, add its 
expertise to the management of the business, and utilise its industry relationships and access to finance. The extent 
that  the  Company  will  be  a  passive  or  active  shareholder  will  depend  on  the  interest  held  and  the  maturity  of  the 
investee company. 

The  Company's  interests  in  a  proposed  investment  and/or  acquisition  will  range  from  minority  positions  to  full 
ownership and will comprise multiple investments. The proposed investments may be in either quoted or unquoted 
companies; are likely to be made by direct acquisitions or investments; and may be in companies, partnerships, earn-in 
joint ventures, debt or other loan structures, joint ventures or direct or indirect interests in assets or businesses.  

The  Company  will  pursue  a  balanced  portfolio  of  an  even  mixture  of  early  stage,  pre-liquidity  event  and  liquid 
investments which it will aim to hold within the portfolio for 2-4 years, 6-24 months and up to 12 months respectively. 
Whilst the target is to have the portfolio split fairly evenly between the different stages of liquidity there will be no set 
criteria for which the Company will hold an investment and the proportion of the portfolio which will be represented by 
each investment type. 

There is no limit on the number of projects into which the Company may invest. The Directors intends to mitigate risk 
by appropriate due diligence and transaction analysis. The Board considers that as investments are  made, and new 
promising investment opportunities arise, further funding of the Company may also be required. 

Where the Company builds a portfolio of related assets it is possible that there may be cross holdings between such 
assets. The Company does not currently intend to fund any investments with debt or other borrowings but may do so if 
appropriate. Investments are expected to be mainly in the form of equity, with debt potentially being raised later to 
fund the development of such assets. Investments in later stage assets are more likely to include an element of debt to 
equity gearing. The Board may also offer new Ordinary Shares by way of consideration as well as or in lieu of cash, 
thereby helping to preserve the Company's cash for working capital and as a reserve against unforeseen contingencies 
including, for example, delays in collecting accounts receivable, unexpected changes in the economic environment and 
operational problems. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Investing Policy (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

The Board will conduct initial due diligence appraisals of potential businesses or projects and, where it believes that 
further investigation is warranted, it intends to appoint appropriately qualified persons to assist. The Board believes it 
has a broad range of contacts through which it is likely to identify various opportunities which may prove suitable. The 
Board believes its expertise  will  enable it to determine quickly which  opportunities could be viable and so progress 
quickly to formal due diligence. The Company will not have a separate investment manager. The Board proposes to 
carry out a comprehensive and thorough project review process in which all material aspects of a potential project or 
business will be subject to rigorous due diligence, as appropriate. Due to the nature of the sectors in which the Company 
is focused it is unlikely that cash returns will be made in the short to medium term on the majority of its portfolio; rather 
the Company expects a focus on capital returns over the medium to long term.” 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Chairman’s Statement 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

It gives me great pleasure to present the Company’s  Annual report and audited financial statements for the 
year ended 31 March 2021 as Chairman. Despite the testing macro environment, this year has once again been 
a positive year for the newly rebranded SEED Innovations Limited (“SEED Innovations”), (previously FastForward 
Innovations  Limited),  as  we  continue  to  evolve  our  portfolio  and  focus  on  fulfilling  our  core  objective  of 
providing investors with exposure to disruptive growth opportunities that have significant potential and would 
normally be inaccessible to private investors. Not only have we been able to make some exciting investments 
into new companies, we have seen a number of successful and very profitable exits for the Company, further 
details of which I will discuss below.  

Our recent name change from FastForward Innovations (“FastForward Innovations”) to SEED Innovations, which 
was finalised at a shareholders EGM held on 9 July 2021, reflects our repositioning from a generalist technology 
fund to one that continues to invest in disruptive technologies, however, now puts more of a significant focus 
on investing within the medical cannabis, health and wellness space. With the cannabis sector forecasted to 
reach a value of £16.5bn in the next decade and the health and wellness space predicted to near $4.24bn by 
2026, we believe our shift in positioning will result in momentous growth in the years to come.     

During the year we have made further investments into a number of progressive companies within the health, 
wellness, and medical cannabis space to both expand and balance out the liquidity of our portfolio. 

The first investment was into Yooma Wellness Inc, a company whose strategy is to build a vertically‐integrated 
global leader in the manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and sale of wellness products including hemp seed 
oil and hemp‐derived and cannabinoid ingredients. In February 2021 Yooma completed a reverse takeover of 
Globalive Technology Inc. and began trading on the Canadian Securities Exchange, helping build the momentum 
of the company further.  

We also invested in Little Green Pharma, a vertically integrated, medicinal cannabis business with operations 
from cultivation and production through to manufacturing and distribution. Little Green Pharma is ASX‐listed 
and  holds  ambitious,  but  highly  realisable  plans  to  expand  globally.  It  is  seeing  very  positive  demand  from 
customers  not  just  domestically  in  Australia,  but  around  the  globe  including  in  Germany  with  some  large 
purchase orders have  recently been received, and more recently with announcement of the acquisition of an 
operational cultivation and production facility in Denmark, further accelerating its EU expansion strategy. 

We  also  made  two  further  investments  –  one  into  South  West  Brands  Limited,  a  female  led,  multi‐brand 
consumer  goods  group  developed  specifically  for  the  CBD  industry,  and  the  second  into  Northern  Leaf,  a 
leading Jersey based medical cannabis cultivator. The Board strongly believes that the investments into both 
South  West  Brands  and  Northern  Leaf  will    be    long    term    hold    investments  and    will    be    catalysts    for  
generating notable  returns  for  SEED  Innovations’ shareholders. 

In February 2021, we invested £62,500 as part of a £6 million oversubscribed placing undertaken by Kanabo 
Group Plc on its admission to trading on the London Stock Exchange, further developing SEED Innovations’ 
exposure to the medical cannabis industry. Following strong initial trading, we took the decision to realise most 
of this small investment, making a profit of c.£139,000, an increase of 223% in value. Similarly, we invested 
£17,215  as  part  of  a  heavily  oversubscribed  placing  undertaken  by  Cellular  Goods  Plc,  which  commenced 
trading on the London Stock Exchange in February 2021. We sold this in early March, resulting in a profit of 
£54,563, to provide a total return of 4.15 times the original investment. Despite only being invested in the two 
companies  for  a  short  period  of  time,  and  being  disappointed  by  the  heavy  initial  scale‐back,  the  returns 
achieved highlight the team's ability to identify profitable investments within the cannabis sector.

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Chairman’s Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Importantly, we sold our entire interest in the cannabis firm EMMAC Life Sciences in March 2021 for just over £5 million 
as part of a takeover by North American cannabis consumer products group Curaleaf Holdings Inc. Our entire 6.7 million 
shares in EMMAC as well as a £750,000 convertible loan note was sold for a recorded profit of approximately £1.9 
million,  delivering  an  overall  return  of  1.86  times  of  our  original  investment.  This  was  a  positive  outcome  for  our 
company and we were delighted with the return on the original investment which further increased our confidence in 
our investment strategy and our ability to deliver financial gains in the cannabis sector. 

Our investments in the biotechnology sector also continued to advance. Portage Biotech Inc. announced it had listed on 
the NASDAQ on October 28, 2013, an exchange that is well known for the success of its biotechnology companies.  

Along with Portage's pipeline of products that are targeted for clinical testing in 2021, its listing has enabled the firm to 
continue  to  catalyse  research  and  development  to  produce  a  higher  volume  of  quality  clinical  programs  through  its 
development strategy, commercial insights, and deep network of industry relationships. 

Online gaming group Leap Gaming continued to showcase its exceptional growth within the market with a number of 
successes. Most recently, it created a unique new vintage betting product, EuroLeague Legends, which was launched by 
IMG Arena in partnership with EuroLeague Basketball. EuroLeague Basketball, which has been an IMG Arena partner 
since 2015, is the organiser of Europe's premier professional basketball competition the Turkish Airlines EuroLeague and 
also runs the 7DAYS EuroCup. The extension of the partnership between the two companies with the launch of the new 
product will have a significant impact on Leap Gaming, adding another important revenue stream to its suite of products 
across the global gaming operators. A number of new partnerships were also formed including with 888Sport, one of 
the world’s most popular gaming entertainment and solutions providers, and with Stoiximan/Betano, the leading online 
gaming operator in Greece. The grant of a Gaming Supply Licence in Malta is expected to open up its pool of potential 
operators that it can now work with in new territories including but not limited to Germany, South Africa, Mexico, and 
the US.  

In February 2021, we made a further investment of €153,031, GBP equivalent of £173,994 (fx 0.87518) into Leap Gaming, 
as a result of the business delivering remarkable growth throughout the past year. Leap  is now exploring a potential 
listing on the UK market which I believe will help expedite the growth of the company further.  

Vemo  Education  continued  to  show  promising  growth  as  it  implemented  and  managed  income  share  agreement 
programmes for its partners; an agreement between a school and student to defer some of their cost in exchange for a 
fixed percentage of their post-graduation income for a fixed period. Vemo doubled its ISA volume in 2020 and increased 
the number of colleges and universities using its products circa. 17% to over 70. 

On the corporate side, we were pleased with the support we received from new and existing shareholders during the 
year with a total of just over £4 million of new money raised. The funds raised will be used to continue to support and 
invest in opportunities in line with our strategy to be an investment destination for individuals and institutions seeking 
exposure to the unique opportunities your board have access to.  

During  the  period,  there  were  some  changes  at  board  level,  which  included  my  appointment  as  Chairman  and  Ed 
McDermott stepping up into the role of CEO. Lorne Abony stepped down from the position of Chairman and CEO to 
continue his work with, amongst others, Yooma. As announced just after period end on 1 April 2021, we were delighted 
to have Alfredo Pascual join our team as Vice President of Investment Analysis.  A key hire for the Company, in this role 
Alfredo's  focus  will  be  on  sourcing  and  evaluating  investment  opportunities  in  the  burgeoning  European  medical 
cannabis industry as well as supporting the growth of SEED Innovations’ portfolio companies in the sector.  Alfredo’s 
vast  experience,  sector  knowledge  and  contacts  will  be  invaluable  to  our  shareholders  as our  investment  focus 
increasingly leans towards health, wellness and medical cannabis. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Chairman’s Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Looking  ahead,  I  believe  that  SEED  Innovations  will  continue  to  evolve,  and  proceed  in  investing  in  rapidly  growing 
sectors particularly within the area of health, wellness, and medical cannabis, a sector that as previously highlighted is 
set for momentous growth. With a robust cash position and having accomplished excellent NAV progression, we are 
well placed to deliver significant long-term value to shareholders.  

I would also like to take this opportunity to thank all our long standing shareholders and loyal backers, as well as those 
new to the register, our executive team and my fellow board members for their assistance. I look forward to reporting 
on our progress over the coming months as we commence this truly exciting next step as SEED Innovations and continue 
to expand our development within a space which, I believe, to be truly exciting. 

Results  
The net  assets  of the Company  at  31 March  2021 were £24.94 million  (2020:  £14.24 million), equal to  net  assets of 
11.72p per Ordinary Share (2020: 8.82p per Ordinary Share). 

Looking ahead, as I mentioned previously, whilst we will continue to support our investments in the life sciences and 
technology  spaces,  we  are  increasingly  streamlining  our  investment  focus  into  areas  where  we  have  significant 
expertise, namely primarily health, wellness and medical cannabis. We have a solid track record in the medical cannabis 
space and are confident that with the recent guidance from the FCA there are a number of both early and late stage 
opportunities that have the potential to deliver value for our shareholders. I look forward to providing further updates 
with regard to the continued development of our core assets and potential new opportunities in this space.  

Ian Burns
Non-Executive Chairman 
14th July 2021

6 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer  
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Investing  in  cutting  edge  technologies;  supporting  world-leading  entrepreneurs  as  they  build  their  businesses;  and 
working  with  a  select  group  of  highly  driven,  financial  and  industry  experts  at  SEED  Innovations.    I  consider  myself 
extremely fortunate to hold the position of CEO in this progressive company, which I assumed in May last year.    

Strategy 

Whilst leaning towards capitalising on our knowledge in the health, wellness, and medical cannabis arenas, first and 
foremost  our  strategy  is  to  invest  in  visionary  entrepreneurs  developing  innovative  technologies.    Accordingly,  our 
portfolio includes a broad mix of companies, which are at the forefront of their industries and have in common a thirst 
for pioneering new ideas.   

Performance and valuation 

The Company’s Net Asset Value (“NAV”) per share at the end of the year improved to 11.72p per share from 8.82p at 
31 March 2021 thanks, in part, to the acquisition of Yooya Media by, and our subsequent investment in, Yooma Corp 
and the continued growth of Leap Gaming.  

Portfolio 
The table below lists the Company’s holdings at 31 March 2021 and 31 March 2020.  

Holding 

Share Class 

Category 

Country of 
Incorp-
oration 

Portfolio 
% 

Number of 
Shares Held 
at 31 March 
2021 

Valuation at 
31 March 
2021 
£,000 

Number of 
shares held 
at 31 March 
2020 

Valuation at 
31 March 
2020 
£'000 

Fralis LLC 
(Leap Gaming) 

EMMAC Life 
Sciences Ltd 

Yooma 
Wellness Inc 
Juvenescence 
Limited 
Portage 
Biotech Inc. 
Little Green 
Pharma 
Northern Leaf 
Ltd 
South West 
Brands 

Units 

Loan 

Ordinary 

Loan 

Common 
Shares 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Convertible 
Loan 
Convertible 
Loan 

Vemo 
Education, Inc. 

Pref Series 
Seed 2 

Biotech / 
Healthcare 

CBD 
Wellness 
Biotech / 
Healthcare 
Biotech / 
Healthcare 
Biotech / 
Healthcare 
Biotech / 
Healthcare 
CDB 
Wellness 

Gaming 

Nevis 

England 

39.41% 

1.07% 

14.32% 

7.32% 

1,512 

 N/A  

6,666,667 

N/A 

Canada 

13.89% 

4,007,165 

9,174 

249 

3,333 

1,703 

3,234 

1,512 

- 

7,148 

6,666,667 

2,400  

- 

27,255 

- 

50 

BVI 

BVI 

9.89% 

128,205 

2,301 

128,205  

2,561  

5.96% 

68,306 

1,389 

12,980,610 

946 

Australia 

3.57% 

2,146,462 

Jersey 

2.58% 

England 

1.08% 

- 

- 

831 

600 

252 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Edtech 

USA 

0.92% 

1,000,000 

214 

1,000,000 

267 

Factom, Inc. 

Series Seed 
Series A 

Blockchain 
Tech 

USA 

- 
- 

400,000 
5,911,330 

-                              
400,000 
                     - 
- 

Total Investment Value 
Cash and receivables, net of payables and accruals 

Net Asset Value 

23,280 
1,659 

24,939 

-  

13,372 
866 

14,238 

7 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer (continued)  
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Portfolio (continued) 

Liquid Investments 

Yooma Wellness Inc. (‘Yooma’) (investment position: c. 12.97% of NAV)  
Yooma  is  an  emerging  global  marketer  and  distributor  of  cannabinoid  and  hemp-derived  wellness  products, 
headquartered in Toronto with offices in Tokyo, UK, France, and Los Angeles. Yooma's mission is to build a vertically 
integrated global leader in the manufacturing, marketing, distribution, and sale of wellness products including hemp 
seed  oil  and  hemp-derived  and  cannabinoid  (CBD)  ingredients.  The  company  leverages  strategically  curated  sales 
channels  and  ecommerce  networks  to  deliver  a  diverse  mix  of  wellness  products  through  subsidiaries  in Japan, 
the United Kingdom, France and the United States. 

Post  period end, in June 2021, Yooma announced its withdrawal from operating in China  following  China's National 
Medical  Products  Administration 
"List  of  Prohibited  Use  Cosmetic 
Ingredients".  Beijing proposed the new legislation in March, with the China National Institute for Food and Drug Control 
inviting comments and suggestions from industry participants on its plans to list cannabis sativa and CBD as prohibited 
components of cosmetics.  As a result of this announcement, a number of online marketplaces, including those which 
Yooma had historically relied on to distribute its CBD wellness products, have restricted promotion and marketing efforts 
for CBD products, such as keyword and traffic generating tools, platform events and live streams.  

(NMPA)  adding  CBD 

its 

to 

Whilst this is disappointing, Yooma is experiencing significant growth in other markets exceeding its expectations and 
expect any long term effects to be minimal helped by an agreement with EMMAC Life Sciences Group (‘EMMAC’), giving 
it exclusive rights to distribute EMMAC’s wellness brands, including Blossom, MYO, Hello Joya and What the Hemp, in 
Japan, Taiwan and Australia as well as non-exclusive distribution rights in certain other global markets. 

Portage Biotech, Inc (‘Portage’) (investment position: c. 5.57% of NAV)  
Portage is an emerging biotechnology company developing an immunotherapy-focused pipeline to treat a broad range 
of cancers.  Its focus is to combine its own technology with already proven immune-boosting PD1 agents and to this 
end, Portage has a pipeline of products targeted for clinical testing in 2021 and a growing roster of notable partnerships.   

During  the  year,  Portage’s  subsidiary  companies  have  shown  significant  promise.    Intensity  Therapeutics  Inc. 
(‘Intensity’), which is pioneering a new immune-based approach to treat solid cancer tumours, has been particularly 
busy.  Amongst  other activity, it entered into a clinical trial collaboration agreement  with New York Stock  Exchange 
listed Bristol Myers Squibb Company, a leader in the cancer immunotherapy space, to evaluate the safety and efficacy 
of  its  lead  product,  INT230-6,  when  dosed  in  combination  with  Bristol  Myers  Squibb's  Cytotoxic  T  Lymphocyte-
Associated Antigen 4 immune checkpoint inhibitor Yervoy®.  It also announced new efficacy and safety data from the 
ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical study of INT230-6, which supported the hypothesis that dosing a substantial proportion of a 
patient’s tumour burden with INT230-6 may cause enough tumour killing and immune activation to provide the patient 
with extended survival. 

Other emerging biotech investee companies include Saugatuck Therapeutics Ltd, which achieved initial proof of concept 
of its nanolipogel formulation and is now exploring multiple PD1 based co-formulations with small molecules and other 
DNA aptamers.  Equally, Stimunity S.A.S, a parasbased cancer immunotherapy company, is making excellent headway 
and is now focused on manufacturing its STING-activating cGAMP Virus-Like Particle technology that can stimulate the 
immune system and the quality of the anti-tumoral response.  

To focus on its core immuno-oncology assets, Portage divested its three legacy businesses: Portage Pharmaceuticals 
Limited (PPL), and its subsidiaries Portage Glasgow Limited and EyGen Limited, to Juvenescence Ltd.  Under the terms 
of the agreement, Portage may be entitled to up to USD$244 million in future milestone payments.   

On the corporate side, Portage raised US$6.7 million through a non-brokered private placement in June 2020, to provide 
resources  for  the  continued  development  of  its  portfolio.    Later  in  the  year,  backed  with  a  solid  track  record  of 
supporting a pipeline of products, many of which are targeted for clinical testing this year, Portage listed on the NASDAQ 
in February 2021, an exchange that is well known for the success of its biotechnology companies. 

8 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer (continued)  
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Portfolio (continued) 

Little Green Pharma (‘LGP’) (investment position: c. 3.33% of NAV)  
A new addition to our portfolio is ASX-listed Little Green Pharma, a vertically integrated, medicinal cannabis business 
with ambitious, but highly realisable, plans to expand globally. Following our initial investment in LGP in February 2021, 
SEED has increased its holding to 2.0% of LGP’s issued share capital.   

LGP has an indoor cultivation facility and manufacturing facility in Western Australia to produce its own-branded range 
of GMP-grade medicinal cannabis products and very recently announced the acquisition, in conjunction with a A$27.2 
million placing, of a fully operational GACP cultivation and GMP licensed medicinal cannabis facility in Denmark which 
will accelerate LGP’s planned expansion by two years and is consistent with LGP’s EU expansion strategy. With a growing 
range  of  products  containing  differing  ratios  of  active  ingredients,  LGP  supplies  medical-grade  cannabis  products  to 
Australian and overseas markets. Recently, it has made progress in the establishment of offshore distribution channels 
including to the UK, Germany, and New Zealand to further strengthen its geographic reach. In Germany, LGP recently 
secured an increased A$2.5m purchase order for its high THC cannabis flower medicine, reflecting the demand from 
Germany and the confidence in LGP's quality and supply. 

Soon after our investment, LGP announced that it was chosen to be a partner in a large scale, two-year cannabis study 
launched  by  the  University of  Sydney  known  as  the  QUEST  Initiative.    Under  the  agreement,  LGP  will  supply  all  the 
medicinal cannabis oil products to the 2,100 enrolled patients, as well as provide funding for study costs.   The QUEST 
Initiative aims to be one of the world’s largest longitudinal studies investigating the quality of life and health economics 
on patients with chronic disease prescribed medicinal cannabis.  

Post period-end in June 2021 we invested a further £1.5 million in LGP in the placing mentioned above, increasing our 
holding to 7,324,796 shares representing approximately 3.15% of LGP’s enlarged share capital.  This reflects the fact 
that we have been pleased with their ambitious growth strategy, which has delivered beyond our expectations. 

Pre-liquidity Investments 

Fralis LLC (trading as Leap Gaming - ‘Leap’) (investment position: c. 37.78% of NAV)  
Leap is a developer and provider of 3D gaming technology and products with a focus on virtual sports and virtual casino, 
partnering with top-tier online and land-based gaming companies to provide advanced gaming products for end-users. 

During the year under review, Leap made great strides forward with a raft of notable successes that demonstrate its 
world-leading  ability  to  develop  totally  unique  and  innovative  products  that  challenge  other  gaming  developers 
worldwide and take gaming experiences to new levels.   

Its relationship with its strategic partner, IMG Arena, has been particularly productive with several new products jointly 
developed and launched. These included an official virtual tennis product launched in partnership with ATP Media, the 
global sales, broadcast production and distribution arm of the ATP Tour, a worldwide top-tier tennis tour organised by 
the Association of Tennis Professionals, and a new vintage betting product in partnership with EuroLeague basketball.  
Furthermore, IMG Arena began offering bookmakers a virtual sports betting product for the NASCAR US stock car racing 
series, as well as distributing the international betting streaming rights for the first time.    

A  number  of  new  partnerships  were  also  formed:  888Sport  (‘888’),  one  of  the  world’s  most  popular  gaming 
entertainment and solutions providers, will now host a selection of Leap’s ultra-realistic 3D virtual sports games and 
offer  several  of  its  popular  titles  through  888casino;  and  Stoiximan/Betano,  the  leading  online  gaming  operator  in 
Greece and one of the fastest growing in Europe with more than 300,000 active users in sports betting, virtual sports, 
casino and fantasy sports, now offers Leap’s complete portfolio of virtual sports through its online brands.    

Having been granted a Gaming Supply Licence in Malta, Leap anticipates that its pool of potential operators that it can 
now work with will further increase and that its expansion into new territories including but not limited to Germany, 
South Africa, Mexico, and the US, will accelerate during 2021.   

9 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer (continued)  
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Portfolio (continued) 

Notably, in the year ended December 2020, year-on-year, daily active users were up 135%, transactions were up 170%, 
turnover was up 56% and Gross Gaming Revenue was up 86%.  Organic growth projections suggest turnover is likely to 
nearly double in two years from 2020.  With this background, Leap is now exploring options for a UK listing; to support 
this, I joined its Board in November 2020. 

Juvenescence Ltd (‘Juvenescence’) (investment position: c. 9.23% of NAV)  
Juvenescence is a therapeutics and development company developing multiple therapeutics focused on improving and 
extending human lifespans. By utilising a coalition of best scientists, physicians, and investors across its four distinct 
divisions, it aims to create cutting-edge therapies and products that disrupt the thinking and behaviour around ageing.  

In line with this, it formed a joint venture with biotechnology company, G3 Therapeutics, which focused on applying 
deep molecular profiling and deep learning to tackle aging. Known as Juvenomics, the joint venture is built on the unique 
combination  of  G3  Therapeutics’  proprietary,  multi-omic  biological  dataset,  consisting  of  trillions  of  proprietary 
datapoints  collected  in  the  GLOBAL  Clinical  Study  (NCT01738828)  of  over  7,500  patients,  and  the  unique  machine 
learning platforms assembled by Juvenescence.  

Other alliances formed during the year included a partnership between its subdivision JuvLife and Evgen Pharma plc, 
which sees JuvLife deploying Evgen’s Sulforadex® stabilisation technology to create and manufacture a nutritional health 
supplement containing a defined and stable dose of sulforaphane, derived from natural sources.  

The Juvenescence team includes highly experienced drug developers, entrepreneurs, marketers, and investors with a 
significant history of success in the pharmaceutical and consumer health sectors.  This team was further strengthened 
with the appointment of Dr. David Roblin MD FMedSci to its Board of Directors, who has an extensive  background in 
the pharmaceutical industry.  Post period end, it also appointed a new Chief Scientific Officer, Dr. Grazia Piizzi, PhD, who 
has more than 15 years of experience in the global pharmaceutical and biotech industry. 

South West Brands (investment position: c. 1.01% of NAV)  
We have high expectations for one of our newest investments, SWB, an early-stage UK CBD brand business, which is 
looking to launch several new celebrity-endorsed products in the coming months.  Its all-female management team, led 
by CEO Rebekah Hall, who is a pioneer in the burgeoning CBD market in Europe and regarded as one of the foremost 
experts on CBD consumer products, has a first mover advantage given there are very few brands with real equity in the 
cannabinoid wellness vertical. 

SWB is currently focused on launching a pipeline of new CBD brands across multiple product verticals, including its first 
new brands in the menstrual cycle care and beauty categories.  At the end of June 2021, SWB announced their intention 
to float on the London Stock Exchange and we look forward to reporting further on this significant development for 
them.  

Longer Term Investments 

Northern Leaf Ltd (‘Northern Leaf’) (investment position: c. 2.41% of NAV)  
Post period end, on 1 April 2021, the Company invested £600,000 in Jersey based medical cannabis cultivator Northern 
Leaf via 24-month Convertible Loan Notes as part of a £14 million pre-IPO funding round. 

Northern Leaf is leading the development of a new industry for the British Isles, creating centres of excellence, using 
state-of-the-art tracking systems and robust policies and procedures to ensure the highest levels of quality from seed 
to sale.  In December 2020, it was granted the first UK commercial high THC medical cannabis license since UK based 
GW Pharmaceuticals in 1998.  It is now accelerating its capital expenditure programme into extraction, manufacturing 
and formulation equipment and explore strategic partnerships as it seeks to become a European market leader in the 
supply of high-quality EU-GMP grade medical cannabis flower and oil to the rapidly growing European medical cannabis 
market where patient demand continues to accelerate.   

10 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Portfolio (continued) 

Vemo Education (investment position: c. 0.86% of NAV) 
VEMO is an education technology company founded to address the student  debt  crisis by developing income share 
agreement  programmes and deferred tuition plans and partnering with higher education institutions to make these 
funding options available to students.  In 2020, Vemo doubled its ISA volume and increased the number of colleges and 
universities using its products circa 17% to over 70.  This trend has continued into 2021. VEMO has recently partnered 
with Edmit, used by millions of students and families to demystify the financial aid process and make better-informed 
decisions about college, and launched the Edmit Guarantee designed to prevent students from borrowing too much and 
to  reduce  the  risk  of  unnecessary debt,  which  often  suppresses  college-going  aspiration,  or  encourages  students  to 
choose lower-cost colleges that might actually lead to a lower return on investment. 

Eurox Group GmbH  (‘Eurox’) 
Post period end, on 5 July 2021, we made an investment of €3 million in Eurox, a German-based, revenue generating, 
European vertically integrated medical cannabis company. Eurox will give FFWD direct exposure to the German cannabis 
market, the largest in Europe by a long way. With its main operations being in Germany, Portugal and the UK, it is well 
positioned  in the  medical  cannabis sector  to  become  a  leading  vertically  integrated  medical  cannabis  leader  on  the 
continent. FFWD has a 8.85% holding in Eurox. The investment gives us further exposure to the cannabis sector.   

CiiTECH Limited  
Again  post  period  end,  on  6  July,  we  invested  £175,000  in  UK  and  Israel  based  consumer  healthcare  and  research 
company CiiTECH Limited (‘CiiTECH’) via 18-month Convertible Loan Notes as part of a £2.0 million funding round.  

CiiTECH  is  a  brand-building,  consumer  focused  company  dedicated  to  ongoing  cannabis  research  and  the 
commercialisation of cannabis products. It uses its partnerships with leading institutions and scientists to create niche 
consumer brands. The company continually innovates as it strives to create the best science-led brands in the cannabis 
sector. CiiTECH is currently funding a range of clinical studies aimed at unravelling the large range of minor cannabinoids, 
bringing better understanding and more effective products to market.  

On  24  May  2021,  CiiTECH  signed  a  letter  of  intent  with  London  Stock  Exchange  listed  Fragrant  Prosperity  Holdings 
Limited  (LSE:  FPP)  in  relation  to  a  potential  acquisition  by  FPP  of  the  business  by  way  of  a  reverse  takeover  for  a 
consideration of £17.5 million to be satisfied by the issue of ordinary shares in the capital of FPP at a price of 5.25 pence 
per  ordinary  share.  The  transaction  is  conditional  upon  the  completion  of  customary  due  diligence,  amongst  other 
conditions, and we look forward to reporting on their progress.  

Factom (investment position: c. 0.00% of NAV) 
Factom  continues  to  investigate  offers  for  its  intellectual  property,  however,  the  Company  does  not  expect  any 
meaningful return should this come to fruition as the Chapter 11 creditors need to be paid before equity holders and 
any consideration remaining is unlikely to be in cash, but rather in stock in an acquirer. 

Exited Investments 

EMMAC Life Sciences (‘EMMAC’) (investment position: c. 20.20% of NAV) 
Our  journey  with  European  medical  cannabis  company  EMMAC,  epitomises  our  strategy  to  identify  and  invest  in 
opportunities that have the potential to provide a return at a liquidity event.  In this case, we first invested in EMMAC 
in  March  2019  and  until  2021  continued  to  provide  financial  and  advisory support.    Post  period  end,  in  April  2021, 
EMMAC  was acquired  by Curaleaf Holdings Inc.,  a  leading medical and wellness cannabis operator in the US.  SEED 
Innovations recorded a profit on the sale of approximately £1.9 million, to deliver an overall return of 1.86 times its 
original investment.   

11 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of the Chief Executive Officer (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Portfolio (continued) 

Not only was this an excellent and quick turnaround for SEED Innovations given it provided immediate cash that enables 
us to explore and invest in other companies, but EMMAC’s sale to Curaleaf represented a turning point for the European 
cannabis M&A landscape.   

Historically, while the US and Canadian markets have focused on investing in their own home-grown companies or other 
more mature international markets, we are now seeing a sea-change in attitude.  In February 2021, NASDAQ listed Jazz 
Pharmaceuticals  announced  the  acquisition  of  UK-based  GW  Pharmaceuticals.      A  month  later,  in  March,  Curaleaf 
announced the acquisition of EMMAC, which it completed in April, pipping Jazz to the post by a month.   

This reshaping of the international cannabis market and increased confidence/interest in the UK and European markets, 
will, we believe, continue to gain momentum.   

Kanabo Group Plc (‘Kanabo’) 
We invested in Kanabo, which is focused on the distribution of cannabis derived products for medical patients, and THC-
free CBD products for consumers, ahead of its London Stock Exchange listing in February 2021.  Following strong initial 
trading, and given this was a very minor investment, we quickly realised most of this small investment, making a profit 
of £136,852, which was more than twice the amount invested.   

Cellular Goods Plc ('Cellular Goods') 
 Similarly, we invested £17,215 as part of a heavily oversubscribed £13 million placing at a price of 5 pence undertaken 
by Cellular Goods, which commenced trading on the London Stock Exchange on 26 February 2021.  We sold this in early 
March, resulting in a profit of £54,563, to provide a total return of 4.15 times the original investment. 

Conclusion 
As  highlighted  above,  the  year  under  review  and  post  period  end  was  fast  paced  and  filled  with  activity  as  we 
increasingly steered the business towards a new focus on the hyper-growth sectors of health, wellness, and medical 
cannabis, investing in several exciting new businesses and exiting others that  reached liquidity events to generate 
notable returns.  Looking ahead, and if the first few months of the 2021 financial year are anything to go by, this trend 
is likely to continue. 

We  look  forward  to  continuing  to  support  our  existing  investee  companies  as  they  advance  through  their  various 
growth  trajectories  and  investing  in  new,  equally  exciting  opportunities.    With  a  robust  cash  position  and  having 
accomplished excellent NAV progression, we are well positioned to deliver significant value to shareholders.   

Ed McDermott 
CEO 

 14 July 2021

12 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Directors 

Ian Burns (Non-Executive Chairman) 
Mr Burns is a fellow of both the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales and a member of STEP. He is 
the founder and Executive Director of Via Executive Limited, a specialist management consulting company and the 
Managing Director of Regent Mercantile Holdings Limited, a privately-owned investment company. He is licensed by 
the Guernsey Financial Services Commission as a personal fiduciary. 

Mr Burns is currently a Non-Executive Director and audit committee chairman of River & Mercantile UK Micro Cap Ltd 
and  Twenty  Four  Income  Fund  Limited.  He  is  also  a  Non-Executive  Director  of  Darwin  Property  Management 
(Guernsey)  Limited,  Curlew  Capital  Guernsey  Limited  and Premier  Asset  Management  (Guernsey)  Ltd.  as  well  as 
Chairman of One Hyde Park Limited. 

Edward McDermott (Chief Executive Officer) 
Mr  McDermott,  a  former  investment  banker,  has nearly  20  years’  experience  in  the  management,  financing,  and 
strategic development of growth companies. He has broad experience in several high growth sectors and previously 
held several Executive and Non-Executive roles with publicly quoted companies. As a finance specialist, he has been 
pivotal in raising over $750m for public and private companies during his career.  

Mr McDermott is a co-founder and was Managing Director of Europe’s largest medical cannabis company, EMMAC 
Life  Sciences,  which  was  acquired  by  Curaleaf  international  in  a  deal  worth  over  $400m.  He  has  previously  held  a 
number of Executive and Non-Executive roles with publicly quoted companies.  

Lance De Jersey (Finance Director) 
Mr De Jersey is a member of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators and The Institute of Directors. 
He previously headed Partners Group’s Guernsey office, serving on the Guernsey boards and chairing the Risk & Audit 
and AML committees and was a member of the Investment Oversight committee. He has over ten years’ experience 
in private equity investment administration and management. 

In the past, Mr De Jersey has owned and operated retail franchises, marketed and sold small businesses as a business 
broker and worked as a financial adviser in New Zealand.  He is currently a Non-Executive Director of Pearl Holding 
Limited (an investment fund managed by Partners Group) and is former secretary and vice chairman of the Channel 
Island Private Equity and Venture Capital Association. 

Luke Cairns (Non-Executive Director) 
Mr Cairns is a highly experienced finance professional with a strong network having worked in the City of London for 
19 years in corporate finance. A Guernsey resident, Mr Cairns was previously Head of Corporate Finance and Managing 
Director  at  Northland  Capital  Partners,  an  AIM  focused  Nomad  and  Broker,  and  has  worked  with  many  growth 
companies  across  a  number  of  sectors  and  regions  on  a  wide  range  of  transactions,  including  IPOs,  secondary 
fundraisings, corporate restructurings and takeovers. Mr Cairns has also held directorships on both listed and private 
companies across various sectors. 

13 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of Directors 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

The Directors are pleased to present their Annual Report and the audited financial statements of SEED Innovations 
Limited (the “Company”) for the year ended 31 March 2021. 

Status and Activities 
The Company is a closed-ended investment company. 

The Company is domiciled and incorporated as a limited liability company in Guernsey. 

The registered office of the Company is 11 New Street, St Peter Port, Guernsey, GY1 2PF. 

The Company is listed on Alternative Investment Market, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange ("AIM").

With effect from 3 May 2018 the Company has been authorised as a closed-ended investment scheme by the Guernsey 
Financial Services Commission (the "GFSC") under Section 8 of the Protection of Investors (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 
1987 and the Authorised Closed-Ended Investment Schemes Rules 2008. 

Changes during the year 
On  15  May  2020,  Mr  Abony  resigned  as  CEO  and  Interim  Executive  Chairman  and  agreed  to  defer  payment  of 
remuneration due of £250,000 as at date of resignation.  He was succeeded by Mr Burns as Non-Executive Chairman 
and Mr McDermott as CEO, effective 15 May 2020. During the year he received 2,472,446 ordinary shares from the 
Treasury shares of the Company in settlement of the deferred remuneration. Refer to note 18 for more details. 

Changes after the year-end 
On  9  July  2021,  the  shareholders  approved  the  change  of  name  from  FastForward  Innovations  Limited  to  SEED 
Innovations Limited and the adoption of new Memorandum & Articles of Incorporation at an Extraordinary General 
Meeting.  At the same meeting, the Directors authority to issue new shares without pre-emption rights and to buy 
back shares on the market were re-affirmed. 

Results   
The results of the Company for the year are shown on page 24. The Company made a profit for the year of £6.5 million 
(2020: Loss £5 million). 

Dividends 
The Company did not pay any dividends during the year (2020: £Nil) and the Directors do not propose a final dividend 
for the year (2020: £Nil). 

Investments 
Details of the Company’s investments are disclosed in the Report of the Chief Executive Officer and notes 12, 13 and 
19. 

Taxation 
The  Company  has  been  granted  exemption  from  Guernsey  taxation  under  the  terms  of  the  Income  Tax  (Exempt 
Bodies) (Guernsey) Ordinance 1989 so that the Company is exempt from Guernsey taxation on income arising outside 
Guernsey and bank interest receivable in Guernsey. The Company’s Guernsey tax exemption fee is £1,200 per annum.

Material Contracts 
The Company’s material contracts are with: 
• Vistra Fund Services (Guernsey) Limited (“Vistra”), which acts as Administrator and Company Secretary;
• Link Market Services (Guernsey) Limited, which acts as Registrar;
• Beaumont Cornish Limited, which acts as Nominated Adviser; and
• Optiva Securities Limited, which acted as Broker until 22 September 2020.
• Shard Capital, which acts as Broker (since 22 September 2020)

14 

 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Directors 
The present  members of the Board are listed on page 13 of this report. Changes to the  Board during the year are 
disclosed on page 16. There are service contracts in place between each of the Directors and the Company. Details of 
Directors’ remuneration, bonuses and Options granted to the Directors are disclosed in note 7. 

Mr Burns is the legal and beneficial owner of Smoke Rise Holdings Limited,  which held 1,374,024 (0.65%) Ordinary 
Shares in the Company at 31 March 2021 and the date of signing this report.  

Mr Abony held 14,843,211 (9.19%) Ordinary Shares in the Company at 31 March 2020, he received a further 2,472,446 
shares  on  29  January  2021  (see  note  18).    The  entirety  of  his  enlarged  holding  of  17,194,590  shares  was  then 
transferred to Mrs Rhonda Abony on 30 January 2021.  As a result, Mr Abony held no shares in the Company on 31 
March 2021 or at the date of signing this report. 

Mr De Jersey held 400,000 (0.19%) Ordinary Shares in the Company at 31 March 2021 and at the date of signing this 
report. 

Further details are explained in note 18. 

Substantial Interests as at date of signing 
The following interests in 3% or more of the issued Ordinary Shares of the Company: 

Investors: 
Rhonda Abony 
Peter Saladino 
Jim Mellon 
Richard Hackett 
Norbert Teufelburger 

Number of Ordinary 
Shares 

Percentage of Share 
Capital 

17,784,388 
17,194,590 
14,783,722 
9,817,478 
7,557,005 

8.36% 
8.08% 
6.95% 
4.61% 
3.55% 

Going Concern 
After making reasonable enquiries, and assessing all data relating to the Company’s liquidity, the Directors have a 
reasonable  expectation  that  the  Company  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the 
foreseeable future and do not consider there to be any threat to the going concern status of the Company. For this 
reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. 

The Directors note that the Company has sufficient cash and cash equivalent resources to meet its obligations for at 
least one year after the approval of these financial statements. 

Corporate Governance 
As a Guernsey incorporated company and under the AIM Rules for Companies, the Company is not required to comply 
with the UK Corporate Governance Code published by the Financial Reporting Council (the “FRC Code”). However, the 
Directors place a high degree of importance on ensuring that high standards of Corporate Governance are maintained 
and  that  the  Company  complies  with  the  Finance  Sector  Code  on  Corporate  Governance,  issued  by  the  Guernsey 
Financial Services Commission. 

Board Responsibilities 
At 31 March 2021, the Board comprised of two Executive Directors, being Messrs. De Jersey and McDermott; and two 
Non-Executive Directors, Mr Burns, and Mr Cairns.  

The Board has engaged Vistra to undertake the administrative duties of the Company. Clearly documented contractual 
arrangements  are  in  place  with  this  service  provider  which  define  the  areas  where  the  Board  has  delegated 
responsibility to it.  

15 

 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Board Responsibilities (continued) 

The  Company  holds  at  least  three  Board  meetings  per  year,  at  which  the  Directors  will  review  the  Company's 
investments and all other important issues to ensure control is maintained over the Company's affairs. 

The  Company  is  self-managed,  in  that  day-to-day  investment  management  recommendations  are  made  by  the 
Executive Directors, supported by analysis provided by the Board and the VP of Investment Analysis.  

Board Committees 
Audit Committee  
Mr Cairns was appointed chairman of the audit committee with effect from 5 June 2020, succeeding Mr Burns. All 
other Directors are members of the Audit Committee.  

The Audit Committee meets at least once a year and provides a forum through which the Company’s Auditor reports 
to the Board. The Audit Committee examines the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls, the Annual Report 
and Financial Statements, the Auditor’s remuneration and engagement as well as the Auditor’s independence and any 
non-audit services provided by them. The Audit Committee receives information from the Administrator, the Company 
Secretary  and  the  Auditor.  The  Audit  Committee  has  formal  written  terms  of  reference,  which  are  available  upon 
request from the Company Secretary. 

Remuneration and Nomination Committee 
Mr Burns is chairman of the Remuneration and Nomination Committee.  Mr Cairns is a member of the Remuneration 
and  Nomination  Committee.  The  function  of  the  Remuneration  and  Nomination  Committee  is  to  consider  the 
remuneration, and the appointment and reappointment, of Directors. 

The Company is committed to the principle of diversity and equal opportunities. The Board will continue to review the 
composition  of  the  Board  to ensure  it  has  the  appropriate  structure, diversity  and  skills  to  meet  the  needs  of  the 
Company as it develops. 

Shareholders vote on the re-appointment or election of at least one Director at each Annual General Meeting (“AGM”), 
with every Director’s appointment being voted on by Shareholders every three years. Mr Burns will be proposed for 
re-election at the forthcoming AGM. 

Board Meetings 
All members of the Board are expected to attend each Board meeting and to arrange their schedules accordingly, 
although  non-attendance  may  be  unavoidable  in  certain  circumstances.  Directors’  attendance  at  Board  and 
Committee meetings during the financial year is set out below. 

Board Meetings    Committee Meetings 

Ian Burns (appointed 12 November 2014) 
Ed McDermott (appointed 12 February 2018) 
Lance De Jersey (appointed 3 January 2019)  
Luke Cairns (appointed 3 January 2020) 
Lorne Abony (appointed 6 January 2016, resigned 15 May 2020) 
*Attendance from 1 April 2020 till date of resignation

 12/13 
 12/13 
 13/13 
 13/13 
*1/1

  3/3 
  2/3 
  3/3 
  3/3 
     *- 

Dialogue with Shareholders 
The Directors are always available to enter into dialogue with shareholders. All ordinary shareholders will have the 
opportunity, and indeed are encouraged, to attend (providing any continuing restrictions as a result of the COVID-19 
pandemic so allow) and vote at future Annual General Meetings during which the Board will be available to discuss 
issues affecting the Company. 

The Board monitors the trading activity and shareholder profile on a  regular  basis and maintains contact with the 
Company's Broker to ascertain the views of shareholders. Shareholder sentiment is also ascertained by the careful 
monitoring of the premium/discount that the Ordinary Shares are traded at in the market when compared to those 
experienced by similar companies.   

16 

 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Dialogue with Shareholders (continued) 

The  Company  reports  formally  to  shareholders  twice  a  year.  Additionally,  current  information  is  provided  to 
shareholders on an ongoing basis through the Company website and RNS announcements. The Company Secretary 
monitors the voting of the shareholders and proxy voting is taken into consideration when votes are cast at the Annual 
General Meeting. 

Litigation 
The Company is not engaged in any litigation or claim of material importance, nor, so far as the Directors are aware, 
is any litigation or claim of material importance pending or threatened against the Company. 

Internal Control and Financing 
The Board is responsible for establishing and maintaining the Company's system of internal control. Internal control 
systems are designed to meet the particular needs of the Company and the risks to which it is exposed, and, by their 
very  nature,  provide  reasonable,  but  not  absolute,  assurance  against  material  misstatement  or  loss.  The  key 
procedures which have been established to provide effective internal controls are as follows: 
•

Vistra  Fund  Services  (Guernsey)  Limited  is  responsible  for  the  provision  of  administration  and  Company
Secretarial duties;
The Board clearly defines the duties and responsibilities of the service providers and advisers in the terms of
their contracts; and
The Board reviews financial information produced by the Administrator on a regular basis.

•

•

The Company does not have an internal audit department. All of the Company's administrative functions are delegated 
to independent third parties and it is therefore felt that there is no need for the Company to have an internal audit 
facility.   

The Board feels that the procedures employed by the service providers adequately mitigate the risks to which the 
Company is exposed. 

Risk Profile 
Financial Risks 
The  Company's  financial  instruments  comprise  investments,  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  and  various  items  such  as 
receivables and payables that arise directly from the Company's operations.  

The main risks arising from holding these financial instruments are market risk (including price risk, currency risk and 
interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Further details are given in note 19 to the financial statements. 

Independent Auditor 
PricewaterhouseCoopers CI LLP has resigned as auditor to the Company and Grant Thornton Limited was appointed 
as auditor of the Company effective from 09 December 2020. Grant Thornton has indicated their willingness to act 
and will be considered for re-appointment at the next AGM. 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and Financial Statements for each financial year which 
give a true and fair view, in accordance with applicable Guernsey law and International Financial Reporting Standards 
as issued by the international Standards Board, of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the 
Company for that year. In preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required to: 
•
•
•

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state  whether  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
prepare  the  financial  statements  on  the  going  concern  basis  unless  it  is  inappropriate  to  presume  that  the
Company will continue in business.

•

17 

 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Report of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities (continued) 

The Directors confirm that they have complied with the above requirements in preparing the financial statements. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the 
Company transactions, disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and enable 
them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008.  

They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The  Directors  are  also  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  website  on  which  these  financial 
statements are published. The work carried out by the auditor does not involve consideration of these matters and, 
accordingly, the auditor accepts no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements 
since they were initially presented on the website. 

Legislation  in  Guernsey  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  the  financial  statements  may  differ  from 
legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Disclosure of Information to the Auditor 
The Directors who held office at the date of approval of this Report confirm that, so far as they are aware, there is no 
relevant audit information of which the Company’s Auditor is unaware and each Director has taken all the steps that 
he ought to have taken as a Director to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that 
the Company’s Auditor is aware of that information.   

On behalf of the Board 

Ian Burns
Director  

Date: 14th July 2021 

Lance De Jersey
Director 

Date: 14th July 2021 

18 

 
 
Independent auditor’s report 

To the members of SEED Innovations Limited 

Opinion 

We have audited the Financial Statements of SEED Innovations Limited for the year ended 31 March 
2021,  which  comprise  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  the  Statement  of  Financial  Position,  the 
Statement of  Changes in  Equity, the  Statement of  Cash  Flows and the  Notes to  the  Financial Statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied 
in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) issued by the 
International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). 

In our opinion, the Company’s Financial Statements: 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Company’s affairs as at 31 March 2021 and of the Company’s 
profit for the year then ended; 
  are in accordance with IFRSs issued by the IASB; and 

          comply with the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
Financial Statements’ section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the Financial Statements in Guernsey, including the International 
Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards) issued by the 
International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in 
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Other matter 

The Financial Statements of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2020 were audited by another auditor 
who expressed an unmodified opinion on those financial statements on 25 August 2020. 

Our approach to the audit 

Overview of our audit approach 

Materiality 

Our overall materiality was £496k, which represents 2% of the Company’s 
total equity. 

Materiality        Scoping 

Key audit 
matters 

Key audit matters 

  Valuation of unquoted investments. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Tailoring the scope 

Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and our allocation of performance materiality 
determine our audit scope for the Company. This enables us to form an opinion on the Financial Statements. 
We consider size, risk profile, the organisation of the Company and effectiveness of controls, including 
controls and changes in the business environment when assessing the level of work to be performed. 

All audit work was performed directly by the audit engagement team. The audit was led from Guernsey and 
we engaged our internal valuation specialists who assisted us in auditing the valuation of unquoted 
investments.

19 19 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, 
were of most significance in our audit of the Financial Statements of the 
current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement (whether  or  not  due  to  fraud)  that  we  identified.  These 
matters included those that had the greatest effect on: the overall audit 
strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts 
of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context 
of our audit of the Financial Statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion  thereon,  and  we  do  not  provide  a  separate opinion  on  these 
matters. 

Key Audit Matter 

 How our scope addressed the matter 

Descript
ion  
Au
es 
Our 
results 

Key observations communicated 
to the Audit Committee

We reported to the Audit 
Committee that, overall, the 
valuation of the Company’s 
unquoted investments were 
materially correct, in 
accordance with IFRS and 
within our estimated range.

Valuation of unquoted 
investments (2021: £18.04 
million and 2020: £12.43 
million) 

77% (2020: 93%) of the 
carrying value of the 
Company’s investments, 
consist of unquoted 
investments which are valued 
using different valuation 
techniques, as described in 
Notes 3 e), 4 and 13 to the 
Financial Statements. 

The valuation is subjective, 
with a high level of judgement 
and estimation linked to the 
determination of the fair 
values. As a result, there is a 
risk of an inappropriate 
valuation method being 
applied, together with the risk 
of inappropriate inputs to the 
model/calculation being 
selected. 

The valuation of unquoted 
investments are the key 
driver of the Company’s net 
asset value and total return. 
Incorrect valuation could 
have a significant impact on 
the net asset value of the 
Company and therefore the 
return generated for 
shareholders. 

Refer to the Report of the 
Chief Executive Officer, 
Report of Directors, 
Accounting policies in 
Notes 3 e), and Notes 4 
and 13 to the Financial 
Statements for additional 
information. 

Our audit procedures consisted of: 

  We updated our understanding of the Company’s 
processes, policies and methodologies, including 
the use of industry specific measures, and policies 
for valuing unquoted investments held by the 
Company and we performed walkthrough tests to 
assess the design and implementation of key 
controls; 

  We obtained and inspected the valuation models 
and supporting data to assess whether the data 
used is appropriate and relevant, and discussed 
these with management to evaluate whether the fair 
value of unquoted investments is reasonably stated, 
challenging the assumptions made by management; 

  We agreed valuation inputs that do not require 
specialist knowledge to independent sources and 
tested the arithmetical accuracy of the Company’s 
calculations; 
  We agreed the valuation models to the portfolio 
statement in the Financial Statements; 

  For a sample of unquoted investments, we engaged 
our own internal private equity valuation specialists 
to: 

o assist us to determine whether the

methodologies used to value unlisted
investments were consistent with methods
usually used by market participants for similar
types of investments;

o use their knowledge of the market to assess and

corroborate management’s market related
judgements and valuation inputs (i.e. discount
rates, EBITDA multiples and comparable data)
by reference to comparable transactions, and
independently compiled databases/indices; and

o assist us in determining whether the Company’s
specialists were appropriately qualified and
independent.

  Evaluated the appropriateness of the valuation 
methodologies under IFRS and whether appropriate 
disclosures were made in the Financial Statements. 

20 20 

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing the audit, and in evaluating the effect of 
identified misstatements on the audit and of uncorrected misstatements, if any, on the Financial Statements 
and in forming the opinion in the auditor’s report. Materiality was determined as follows: 

Financial statements 
materiality 

“Financial  statements  materiality”  is  the  magnitude  of  misstatement  in  the  Financial 
Statements that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence 
the  economic  decisions  of  the  users  of  these  Financial  Statements.  We  use  materiality  in 
determining the nature, timing and extent of our audit work.

Financial statements 
materiality threshold 

We  determined  materiality  for  the  Company  to  be  £496k  which  approximates  2%  of  the 
Company’s total equity. (2020: £355k on 2.5% of the Company’s total equity as determined 
by PricewaterhouseCoopers CI LLP)

Significant judgements 
made by auditor in 
determining the 
materiality 

Company total equity provided a basis for determining the nature, timing and extent of risk 
assessment  procedures,  identifying  and  assessing  the  risk  of  material  misstatement  and 
determining  the  nature,  timing  and  extent  of  further  audit  procedures.  We  believe  that 
Company’s  total  equity  provides  us  with  the  best  measure  of  planning  materiality  as  the 
Company’s primary performance measures for internal and external reporting are based on 
total equity. 

Financial Statements materiality for the current year is lower than the level that we determined 
for the year ended 31 December 2019 to reflect the decrease in the Company’s total equity 
to 31 December 2020.

Performance  materiality 
used to drive the extent 
of our testing 

“Performance” materiality is the application of materiality at the individual account or balance 
level.  It  is  set  at  an  amount  to  reduce  to  an  appropriately low  level  the  probability that  the 
aggregate uncorrected and  undetected misstatements exceeds materiality for  the  Financial 
Statements as a whole.

Performance materiality 
threshold 

We determined performance materiality for the Company to be £298k which approximates 
60% of Financial Statements materiality.

Significant judgements 
made by the auditor in 
determining performance 
materiality 

Based on  our assessment, together with our  assessment of  the  Company’s overall control 
environment, our judgement was that the overall performance materiality (i.e. our tolerance 
for  misstatements in  an  individual account  or  balance) for  the Company should be  60% of 
materiality. Our objective in adopting this approach was to ensure that total uncorrected and 
undetected audit differences in the Financial Statements did not exceed our materiality level.

Reporting threshold 

  “Reporting threshold” is an amount below which we identified misstatements are considered 

as being clearly trivial. 

Threshold for reporting 

  We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would communicate to them all audit differences 
in excess of £25k (2020: £17k as determined by PricewaterhouseCoopers CI LLP) which is 
set at 5% of materiality for the Financial Statements as a whole, as well as differences below 
that threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

We  evaluated  uncorrected  misstatements  against  both  the  quantitative  measured  of 
materiality  discussed  above  and  considering  other  relevant  qualitative  considerations  in 
forming our opinion.

21 21 

Other information 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other  information  comprises  the  information 
included  in  the  annual  report  set  out  on  pages  1  to  12,  other  than  the  Financial  Statements  and  our 
auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the Financial Statements does not cover the other information and, 
except  to  the  extent  otherwise  explicitly  stated  in  our  report,  we  do  not  express  any  form  of  assurance 
conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the Financial Statements, our responsibility is to read the 
other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the 
Financial Statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If 
we identify such material inconsistencies or  apparent  material  misstatements, we  are  required to  determine 
whether there is a material misstatement of the Financial Statements or a material misstatement of the other 
information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of 
this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies (Guernsey) 
Law, 2008 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

  proper accounting records have not been kept by the Company; or 
  the Financial Statements are not in agreement with the accounting records; or 

we have not obtained all the information and explanations, which to the best of our knowledge and belief, 
are necessary for the purposes of our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors for the Financial Statements 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on pages  17 to 18, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the Financial Statements which give a true and fair view in accordance with 
IFRSs,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of 
Financial Statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing the  Financial Statements, the  directors are  responsible for  assessing the  Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, 
or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Financial Statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Financial Statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from 
fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these Financial Statements. 

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance with  ISAs,  we  exercise professional judgment and  maintain professional 
scepticism throughout the audit. We also: 
        Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the Financial Statements, whether due to fraud or 
error,  design and  perform audit  procedures responsive to  those  risks,  and  obtain audit  evidence that  is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement 
resulting from  fraud  is  higher  than  for  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  collusion, forgery, 
intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

        Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of 
the Company’s internal control. 

        Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates 

and related disclosures made by management.

22 22 

Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  Financial  Statements 
(cont.) 

        Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based  on  the  audit  evidence  obtained,  whether  a  material  uncertainty  exists  related  to  events  or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to 
the related disclosures in the Financial Statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our 
opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. 
However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern. 
   Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure  and  content  of  the  Financial  Statements,  including  
the  disclosures,  and  whether  the  Financial  Statements  represent  the  underlying  transactions  and 
events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control 
that we identify during our audit. 

We  also  provide those charged with  governance with  a  statement that we  have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters  that  may  reasonably  be  thought  to  bear  on  our  independence, and  where  applicable,  related 
safeguards. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Section 262 of the 
Companies (Guernsey) Law,  2008.  Our  audit  work  has  been undertaken so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
Company’s members  those  matters  we  are  required  to  state  to  them  in  an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no 
other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other than the Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed. 

Wynand Pretorius 
For and on behalf of Grant Thornton Limited 
Chartered Accountants 
St Peter Port 
Guernsey 

Date: 14 July 2021

23 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Statement of Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Net realised gain on disposal of financial assets designated at fair value 
through profit and loss 
Net unrealised gain/(loss) in fair value of financial assets designated at 
fair value through profit and loss 

Year ended 
31 March 
2021 
 £’000 

Year ended 
31 March 
2020 
 £’000 

443 

165 

6,864 

(4,148) 

Notes 

12 

12 

Interest income on investments at fair value through profit and loss 

31 

69 

Total investment income/(loss) 

7,338 

(3,914) 

Other Income 
Bank interest income 
Arrangement fee 

Total other income 

Expenses 
Directors' remuneration and expenses 
Recognition of Directors’ share-based payment expense 
Legal and professional fees 
Other expenses 
Administration fees 
Adviser and broker’s fees 

7 
7 

8 
6 

2 
45 

47 

(258)
(47)
(166)
(193)
(77)
(95)

12 
- 

12 

(427)
(162)
(172)
(147)
(97)
(74)

Total expenses 

(836)

(1,079)

Net profit/(loss) before losses and gains on foreign currency exchange 

6,549 

(4,981) 

Net foreign exchange loss 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

(20)

(15)

6,529 

(4,996) 

Earnings/(loss) per Ordinary Share – basic and diluted 

10 

3.74p 

(3.09)p 

The Company has no recognised gains or losses other than  those included in the results above and therefore, no 
separate Statement of Comprehensive Income has been presented. 

All the items in the above statement are derived from continuing operations. 

The accompanying notes on pages 28 to 51 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

24 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Statement of Financial Position 
As at 31 March 2021 

Non-current assets 
Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Current assets 
Other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Other payables 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Deferred share reserve 
Employee stock option reserve 
Other distributable reserves 

Total equity 

Notes 

31 March 2021 
 £’000 

31 March 2020 
 £’000 

12 

14 

15 

16 
16 
7 

23,280 

13,372 

53 
1,675 

1,728 

50 
1,213 

1,263 

25,008 

14,635 

(69) 

(69) 

(397) 

(397) 

24,939 

14,238 

2,127 
- 
180 
22,632 

24,939 

1,615 
630 
1,263 
10,730 

14,238 

Net assets per Ordinary Share – basic and diluted 

17 

11.72p 

8.82p 

The financial statements on pages 24 to 51 were approved by the Board of Directors on 14th July 2021 and were signed 
on their behalf by: 

Ian Burns
Director 

Lance De Jersey
Director 

The accompanying notes on pages 28 to 51 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

25 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Balance as at 31 March 2019  

Note 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

Transactions with shareholders 
Employee share scheme - value 
of employee services 
Transfer of value of lapsed options 

Balance as at 31 March 2020 
Total comprehensive profit for the year 

Transactions with shareholders 
Issue of Ordinary Shares 
Costs of issuing of ordinary shares 
Employee share scheme - value 
of employee services 
Transfer of deferred shares 
Transfer of value of lapsed options 

7 
7 

16 

7 

7 

Share Capital 

- 

£'000 

1,615 

- 

- 

1,615 
- 

512 
- 

- 
- 
- 

Deferred shares 
reserve* 
£'000 

Employee stock 
option reserves 
£'000 

Other distributable 
reserves 
£'000 

Total 
£'000 

630 

1,233 

15,594 

19,072 

- 

- 
- 

630 
- 

- 
- 

- 
(630) 
- 

- 

(4,996) 

(4,996) 

162 
         (132) 

-
132 

162
- 

1,263 
- 

- 
- 

47 
- 
(1,130) 

10,730 
6,529 

14,238 
6,529 

3,844 
(231)

- 
630 
1,130 

4,356 
(231)

47 
- 
- 

Balance as at 31 March 2021 

2,127 

- 

180 

22,632 

24,939 

* Refer to Note 16 for Deferred shares reserve.

The accompanying notes on pages 28 to 51 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

26 

SEED Innovations Limited 
Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

Adjustments for: 
Net (loss)/profit on fair value adjustments on financial assets at 
FVTPL 
Realised gain on fair value adjustments on financial assets at FVTPL 
Foreign exchange movement 
Directors’ share based expense 
Finance income 

Changes in working capital: 
(Increase)/decrease in other receivables and prepayments 
(Decrease)/increase in other payables and accruals 

Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Investment income 
Disposal of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Issue of Ordinary Shares 
Costs of issuing Ordinary Shares 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents brought forward 
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Foreign exchange movement 

Cash and cash equivalents carried forward 

12 

12 

14 
15 

13 

13 

16 

Year ended  
31 March 2021 
 £’000  

Year ended  
31 March 2020 
 £’000  

6,529  

(4,996) 

(6,864) 

(443) 
20 
47  
(33) 

(3) 
(70) 

4,148  

(165) 
15 
162  
(81) 

62  
249 

(817) 

(606) 

(3,736) 
-  
1,166  

(1,033) 
81  
                      2,282  

(2,570) 

1,330  

4,100  
(231) 
3,869  

482  

1,213  
482 
(20) 

1,675  

-  
-  
-  

724  

504  
724 
(15)  

1,213  

27 

The accompanying notes on pages 28 to 51 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements  
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

1. General Information

Fast Forward Innovations Limited (the “Company”) is an authorised closed-ended investment scheme. The Company is 
domiciled and incorporated as a limited liability company in Guernsey. The registered office of the Company is 11 New 
Street, St Peter Port, Guernsey, GY1 2PF. 

The Company's objective is to invest in disruptive technologies with significant intellectual property rights which they 
are seeking to exploit, principally within the technology sector (including digital and content focused businesses), life 
sciences sectors (including biotech and pharmaceuticals) and health and wellness sectors. This includes investing in the 
cannabinoid sector where there has been increased investor momentum due to regulation changes, and as companies’ 
profiles grow and investment in the sector becomes more mainstream. The Company’s main geographical focus will be 
in North America and Europe though investments may also be considered in other regions to the extent that the Board 
considers that valuable opportunities exist, and positive returns can be achieved. The objective of the Company is to 
also provide its investors with exposure to disruptive growth opportunities, with a mix of liquid, pre-liquid and longer 
term investments, which taken together greatly reduces the risk of the portfolio whilst giving much clearer visibility on 
potential returns. 

The Company’s Ordinary Shares are quoted on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange and is authorised 
as a Closed-ended investment scheme by the Guernsey Financial Services Commission (the "GFSC") under Section 8 of 
the Protection of Investors (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 1987 and the Authorised Closed-Ended Investment Schemes 
Rules. 

2. Basis of Preparation

The  financial  statements  of  the  Company  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards  ("IFRS")  as  issued  by  the  international  Standards  Board  (“IASB”)  and  applicable  legal  and  regulatory 
requirements of the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical 
cost convention except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. 
The  areas  involving  a  higher  degree  of  judgement  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  and  estimates  are 
significant to the financial statements, are disclosed in Note 4. 

In the current year, the Company has adopted all the applicable new and revised standards and interpretations issued 
by the IASB and the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC") of the IASB that are relevant 
to  its  operations  and  effective  for  annual  reporting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  April  2020.  The  adoption  of  the 
standards  and  interpretations  has  not  had  a  significant  impact  on  the  content  or  presentation  of  these  financial 
statements; refer below for additional consideration. 

(a) Standards and amendments to existing standards effective 1 January 2020
There are no standards, amendments to standards or interpretations that are effective for annual periods beginning on
1 January 2020 that have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company.

(b) New standards, amendments and interpretations effective after 1 January 2020 and have not been early adopted
A number of new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for annual periods beginning
after  1  January  2021  and  have  not  been  early  adopted  in  preparing  these  financial  statements.  None  of  these  are
expected to have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company.

28 

 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies  

The  principal  accounting  policies  applied  in  the  preparation  of  these  financial  statements  are  set  out  below.  These 
policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

a) Investment Income 
Investment income is recognised on an accruals basis using the effective interest method and includes bank 
interest and interest from debt securities. Dividend income from investments designated at fair value through 
profit or loss is recognised through the Statement of Comprehensive Income within dividend income when the 
Company’s right to receive payments is established 

b) Expenses 
All expenses are accounted for on an accruals basis and, with the exception of share issue costs, are charged through 
the Statement of Comprehensive Income in the period in which they are incurred. Costs of issuing equity instruments 
are accounted for as a deduction from equity, net of any related income tax benefit. 

c) Taxation 
The Company is exempt from taxation in Guernsey. However, in some jurisdictions, investment income and capital gains 
are  subject  to  withholding  tax  deducted  at  the  source  of  the  income.  The  Company  presents  the  withholding  tax 
separately from the gross investment income, if any, in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. For the purpose of 
the Statement of Cash Flows, cash inflows from financial assets are presented net of withholding taxes when applicable.

d) Share based payments   
Share-based compensation benefits are provided to key employees via the Employee Share Option Plan and individual 
Share Option agreements (together the “Options”). Details relating to the Options are set out in note 7 to the financial 
statements. 

These Options are measured at fair value at the date of grant and expensed through the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income on a straight line basis over the vesting period, based on the estimate of Options that will eventually vest. For 
those Options with market related vesting conditions, the fair value is determined using the Monte Carlo simulation 
model at the grant date. The fair value of Options issued with non-market vesting conditions has been calculated using 
the Black Scholes model. 

At the end of each period, the Company revises its estimates of the number of Options that are expected to vest based 
on the non-market vesting and service conditions. Should services cease be provided to the Company by any employee, 
no further expense will be charged in relation to any non-vested Options. 

When Options expire, or Options holders no longer provide services to the Company, any amounts in relation to these 
Options  which  have  been  credited  to  the  Share  Option  Reserve  within  Equity  will  be  transferred  to  Distributable 
Reserves. 

The Company does not operate any cash-settled Options with cash alternatives as defined in IFRS 2. All Options issued 
will be settled through Equity, with all Option expenses having a corresponding increase in Equity. 

e) Financial instruments 

Financial instruments are classified into financial assets and financial liabilities.   

(i)  Recognition and initial measurement 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised initially on the trade date, which is the date on 
which the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Other financial assets and 
liabilities are recognised on the date they are originated. 

Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value,  with  transaction  costs 
recognised in profit or loss. Financial assets or financial liabilities not at fair value through profit or loss are initially 
recognised at fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

e) Financial instruments (continued)

(ii) Classification

Business model assessment 

On initial recognition, the Company classifies financial assets as measured at amortised cost or fair value through 
profit or loss (“FVTPL”). 

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated 
as at FVTPL: 

•
•

it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
the contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and
interest (“SPPI”).

All other financial assets are classified as measured at FVTPL. 

In making an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held, the Company 
considers all of the relevant information about how the business is managed, including: 

•

•
•

•

•

the documented investment strategy and the execution of this strategy in practice. This includes whether the
investment  strategy focuses on earning contractual interest  income, maintaining a  particular interest  rate
profile, matching the duration of the financial assets to the duration of any related liabilities or expected cash
outflows or realising cash flows through the sale of the assets;
how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Company’s management;
the risks that affect the performance of the business model (and the financial assets held within that business
model) and how those risks are managed;
how the Investment Manager is compensated: e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the
assets managed or the contractual cash flows collected; and
the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and
expectations about future sales activity.

Transfers of financial assets to third parties in transactions that do not qualify for derecognition are not considered 
sales for this purpose, consistent with the Company’s continuing recognition of the assets. 

The Company has determined that it has two business models: 

•

•

Held-to-collect business model: this includes cash and cash equivalents and other receivables. These financial
assets are held to collect contractual cash flows; and
Other  business  model:  this  includes  investment  in  unquoted  securities  that  were  not  held  for  trading
purposes. These financial assets are managed and their performance is evaluated, on a fair value basis.

(iii) Assessment whether contractual cash flows are SPPI

For the purpose of this assessment, ‘principal’ is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. 
‘Interest’  is  defined  as  consideration  for  the  time  value  of  money  and  for  the  credit  risk  associated  with  the 
principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. 
liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as profit margin. 

In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are SPPI, the Company considers the contractual terms of the 
instrument. This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the 
timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition.  

30 

 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

e) Financial instruments (continued) 

In making the assessment, the Company considers: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

contingent events that would change the amount and timing of cash flows; 
leverage features; 
prepayment and extension terms; 
terms that limit the Company’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse loans); and 
features that modify consideration of the time value of money (e.g. periodical reset of interest rates). 

(iv)  Reclassification 

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Company was to change its 
business model for managing financial assets, in which case all affected financial assets would be reclassified on 
the first day of the first reporting period following the change in the business model. 

(v)   Subsequent measurement  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

These assets are subsequently measured at fair  value. Net gains and losses, excluding any interest  or dividend 
income and including foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss in ‘Net gain/(loss) on fair 
valuation of financial assets at FVTPL’ in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 

Financial assets at amortised cost 

These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest income is 
recognised in ‘interest income calculated using the effective interest method’, foreign exchange gains and losses 
are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and impairment is recognised 
in ‘impairment losses on financial instruments’ in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 
Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss. 

(vi)   Financial liabilities – classification and subsequent measurement 

Non - derivative financial liabilities  
The  Company  initially  recognises  debt  securities  issued  and  subordinated  liabilities  on  the  date  that  they  are 
originated. All other financial liabilities (including liabilities designated as at fair value through profit or loss) are 
recognised initially  on the trade date, which  is the date that the Company becomes a  party to the contractual 
provisions of the instrument. The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are 
discharged, cancelled or expired. 

The Company classifies non-derivative financial liabilities into the other financial liabilities category. Such financial 
liabilities are recognised initially at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial 
recognition, these financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Other 
liabilities include other payables and accruals. 

(vii)  Fair Value measurements 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of financial assets and liabilities traded in 
active markets (such as publicly traded derivatives and trading securities) are based on quoted market prices at 
the close of trading on the reporting date. The Company utilises the last traded market price for both financial 
assets and financial liabilities where the last traded price falls within the bid-ask spread. In circumstances where 
the last traded price is not  within the bid-ask spread, management will determine the point within the bid-ask 
spread that is most representative of fair value.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

e) Financial instruments (continued) 

If a significant movement in fair value occurs subsequent to the close of trading up to midnight on the year end 
date, valuation techniques will be applied to determine the fair value. A significant event is any event that occurs 
after the last market price for a security, close of market or close of the foreign exchange, but before the Company’s 
valuation time that materially affects the integrity of the closing prices for any security, instrument, currency or 
securities affected by that event so that they cannot be considered ‘readily available’ market quotations. 

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation 
techniques in accordance with the International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation (IPEV) Guidelines. 
The Company uses a variety of methods and makes assumptions that are based on market conditions existing at 
each  reporting  date.  Valuation  techniques  used  include  the  use  of  comparable  recent  ordinary  transactions 
between market participants, reference to other instruments that are substantially the same, discounted cash flow 
analysis, option pricing models and other valuation techniques commonly used by market participants making the 
maximum use of market inputs and relying as little as possible on entity-specific inputs. 

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy 
Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are deemed to have occurred at the beginning of the reporting 
period. 

(viii)  Amortised cost measurement 

The amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability is the amount at which the financial asset or financial 
liability is measured at initial recognition, minus principal repayments, plus or minus the cumulative amortisation 
using the effective interest  method of any difference between the initial amount  recognised and the maturity 
amount and for financial assets adjusted for any loss allowance. 

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or a financial liability 
and of allocating the interest income or interest expense over the relevant year. The effective interest rate is the 
rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial 
instrument or, when appropriate, a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial 
liability at initial recognition. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the future cash 
flows considering all contractual terms of the financial instruments but not the future credit losses. 

(ix)     Impairment  

The  Company  recognises  loss  allowances  for  Expected  Credit  Losses  (“ECL”)  on  financial  assets  measured  at 
amortised cost. 

The Company measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs, except for the following, which are 
measured at 12-month ECLs: 

• 
• 

Financial assets that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and 
Other  financial  assets  and  bank  balances  for  which  credit  risk  (i.e.  the  risk  of  default  occurring  over  the 
expected life of the asset) has not increased significantly since initial recognition. 

When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition 
and when estimating ECLs, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and 
available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, 
based  on  the  Company’s  historical  experience  and  informed  credit  assessment  and  including  forward-looking 
information. 

The Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than 30 days 
past due. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

e) Financial instruments (continued) 

The Company considers a financial asset to be in default: 

•  when the borrower is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the Company in full, without recourse by the 

Company to actions such as realising assets (if any is held); or 
the financial asset is more than 90 days past due. 

• 

Lifetime  ECLs  are  the  ECLs  that  result  from  all  possible  default  events  over  the  expected  life  of  a  financial 
instrument. 12-month ECLs are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible within the 12 
months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months). 

The  maximum  period  considered  when  estimating  ECLs  is  the  maximum  contractual  period  over  which  the 
Company is exposed to credit risk. 

Measurement of ECLs 

ECLs are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all 
cash shortfalls (i.e. the difference between the cash flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and 
the cash flows that the Company expects to receive). 

ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset. 

Credit-impaired financial assets 

At  each  reporting  date,  the  Company  assesses  whether  financial  assets  carried  at  amortised  cost  are  credit-
impaired. A financial asset is ‘credit-impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the 
estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred. 

Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following observable data: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer; 
it is probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; 
the underlying project is put on hold; and 
breach of contract such as a default or being more than 90 days past due. 

Presentation of allowance for ECLs in the statement of financial position 

Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of 
the assets. Impairment losses including reversals of impairment losses and gains are disclosed separately in the 
statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 

Write-off 

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of 
recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

e) Financial instruments (continued) 

(ix)  Derecognition 

A financial asset (or, where applicable a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is 
derecognised where: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; or 
The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to 
pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; 
and 
Either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset; or 
(b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset but 
has transferred control of the asset. 

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through 
arrangement  and  has  neither  transferred  nor  retained  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  the  asset  nor 
transferred control of the asset, the asset is recognised to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement in 
the  asset.  The  Company  derecognises  a  financial  liability  when  the  obligation  under  the  liability  is  discharged, 
cancelled or has expired. 

(x)  Offsetting 

Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are  offset  and  the  net  amount  presented  in  the  statement  of  financial 
position when, and only when, the Company has a legal right to offset the amounts and it intends either to settle 
on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

Income and expenses are presented on a net basis for gains and losses from financial instruments at fair value 
through profit or loss and foreign exchange gains and losses. 

f) Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash comprises of cash at bank. Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible 
to known amounts of cash, are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value and are held for the purpose of meeting 
short-term cash commitments rather than for investment or other purposes. 

g) Foreign currency translation 
Functional and presentation currency 
The Company’s Ordinary Shares are denominated in Sterling and are traded on AIM in Sterling. The primary activity of 
the Company is detailed in the Investing Policy on page 2. The performance of the Company is measured and reported 
to the investors in Sterling and the majority of the expenses incurred by the Company are in Sterling. Consequently, the 
Board of Directors considers that Sterling is the currency that most faithfully represents the effects of the underlying 
transactions,  events  and  conditions.  The  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Sterling,  which  is  the  Company’s 
functional and presentation currency. All amounts are rounded to the nearest thousand.  

Transactions and balances  
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using rates approximating to the exchange 
rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such 
transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  year  end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets and  liabilities  denominated  in 
foreign currencies are recognised through  the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Translation differences on non-
monetary  financial  assets  and  liabilities,  such  as  financial  assets  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  are 
recognised  through  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  within  the  net  unrealised  change  in  fair  value  of 
investments. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

h) Net assets per share 
The net assets per Ordinary Share disclosed on the face of the Statement of Financial Position is calculated by dividing 
the net assets of the Company as at the year-end by the number of Ordinary Shares in issue at the year end. 

i) Earnings per share 
Basic earnings per share 
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:  

• 

• 

the profit attributable to owners of the Company, excluding any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary 
shares; and  
by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus 
elements, if any, in ordinary shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.  

Diluted earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account: 

• 
• 

the after tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares; and 
the weighted average number of additional ordinary shares that would have been outstanding assuming the 
conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.  

j) Transaction costs 
Transaction costs are the incremental costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, issue or disposal of a financial 
asset or financial liability. An incremental cost is one that would not have been incurred if the entity had not acquired, 
issued or disposed of the financial instrument. Transaction costs are legal and professional fees incurred to structure a 
deal  to  acquire  the  investments  designated  as  financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss.  They  include  the 
upfront fees and commissions paid to agents, advisers, brokers and dealers and due diligence fees..  

k) Equity  
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Where the Company purchases its own equity share (e.g. as the result of a share 
buy-back),  the  consideration  paid,  including  any  directly  attributable  incremental  costs,  is  deducted  from  equity 
attributable to the owners of the Company as treasury shares until the shares are cancelled or reissued. The Company 
will present any Treasury shares acquired in the Statement of Changes in Equity as a deduction from ordinary shares. 

Employee Stock Option 
Employee stock options are valued when they are granted using the current accounting standard's fair value technique. 
However, the value of the options may be calculated at the conclusion of the vesting period or when they are exercised. 

Other Distributable Reserve 
The Company's cumulative profits and losses are known as distributable reserves. From time to time, the Company may 
transfer any sum that it considers to be close to distributable reserve. (For example, if ordinary shares are sold for more 
than their par value, the excess will be moved to other distributable reserves.) 

l) Assessment as an investment entity 
Entities  that  meet  the  definition  of  an  investment  entity  within  IFRS  10  are  required  to  measure  their  investee 
companies at fair value through profit or loss. The criteria (per IFRS 10) which define an investment entity are, as follows:

• 

• 

• 

An  entity  that  obtains  funds from  one  or  more  investors  for  the  purpose  of  providing  those  investors  with 
investment services; 
An entity that commits to its investors that its business purpose is to invest funds solely for returns from capital 
appreciation, investment income or both; and 
An entity that measures and evaluates the performance of substantially all of its investments on a fair value 
basis. 

The Company meets the above criteria and is therefore categorised as an investment entity within IFRS 10. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

j) Going concern 

After making reasonable enquiries, and assessing all data relating to the Company’s liquidity, the Directors have a 
reasonable  expectation  that  the  Company  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the 
foreseeable future and do not consider there to be any threat to the going concern status of the Company. For this 
reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. 

The Directors note that the Company has sufficient cash and cash equivalent resources to meet its obligations for at 
least one year after the approval of these financial statements. 

4. Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Board to make judgements, estimates and 
assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income 
and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors 
that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  the  results  of  which  form  the  basis  of  making  the 
judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results 
may differ from these estimates.  

The  Board  make  estimates  and  assumptions  concerning  the  future.  The  resulting  accounting  estimates  will,  by 
definition, seldom equal the related actual results. 

The  Directors  believe  that  the  underlying  assumptions  are  appropriate  and  that  the  financial  statements  are  fairly 
presented.  Estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material  adjustment  to  the  carrying 
amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are outlined below: 

Judgements 
Assessment as an investment entity 
In determining the Company meeting the definition of an investment entity in accordance with IFRS 10, it has considered 
the following:  
• 

the Company has raised the commitments from a number of investors in order to raise capital to invest and to 
provide investor management services with respect to these private equity investments;  
the  Company  intends  to  generate  capital  and  income  returns  from  its  investments  which  will,  in  turn,  be 
distributed to the investors; and 
the Company evaluates its investment performance on a fair value basis, in accordance with the policies set 
out in these financial statements.  

• 

• 

Although  the  Company  met  all  three  defining  criteria,  management  has  also  assessed  the  business  purpose  of  the 
Company, the investment strategies for the private equity investments, the nature of any earnings from the private 
equity investments and the fair value model. Management made this assessment in order to determine whether any 
additional areas of judgement exist with respect to the typical characteristics of an investment entity versus those of 
the Company. Management have therefore concluded that from the assessments made, the Company meets the criteria 
of an investment Company within IFRS 10. 

Part  of  the  assessment  in  relation  to  meeting  the  business  purpose  aspects  of  the  IFRS  10  criteria  also  requires 
consideration of exit strategies. Given that the Company does not intend to hold investments indefinitely, management 
have determined that the Company’s investment plans support its business purpose as an investment entity. 

The Board has also concluded that the Company meets the additional characteristics of an investment entity, in that: it 
holds more than one investment; the investments will predominantly be in the form of equities, derivatives and similar 
securities; it has more than one investor and the majority of its investors are not related parties.   

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

4. Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements (continued) 

Estimates and assumptions  
Fair value of securities not quoted in an active market. 
The Company may value positions by using its own models or commissioning valuation reports from professional third-
party valuers. The models used in either case are based on valuation methods and techniques generally recognised as 
standard within the industry and in accordance with International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation (IPEV)  
Guidelines. The inputs into these models are primarily earnings multiples and discounted cash flows. The inputs in the 
earnings multiple’s models include observable data, such as the earnings multiples of comparable companies to the 
relevant portfolio company, and unobservable data, such as forecast earnings for the portfolio company. In discounted 
cash  flow  models,  unobservable  inputs are  the  projected  cash  flows  of  the  relevant  portfolio  company  and  the  risk 
premium for liquidity and credit risk that are incorporated into the discount rate.  In some instances, the cost of an 
investment is the best measure of fair value in the absence of further information. Models are calibrated by back-testing 
to actual results/exit prices achieved to ensure that outputs are reliable, where possible.   

Models use observable data, to the extent practicable. However, areas such as credit risk (both own and counterparty), 
volatilities and correlations require management to make estimates. Changes in assumptions about these factors could 
affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. The sensitivity to unobservable inputs is based on management’s 
expectation of reasonable possible shifts in these inputs, taking into consideration historical volatility and estimations 
of future market movements. 

The  determination  of  what  constitutes  ‘observable’  requires  significant  judgement  by  the  Company.  The  Company 
considers  observable  data  to  be  market  data  that  is  readily  available,  regularly  distributed  or  updated,  reliable  and 
verifiable, not proprietary, and provided by independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant market. 

Valuation of Options 
The fair values of the Options are measured using the Black-Scholes model, for those options with non-market vesting 
conditions, and a Monte Carlo Simulation model for those Options with market related vesting conditions.  

The key estimates and assumptions which are used as inputs in these valuation models are as follows; 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

any market vesting conditions;  
the expected vesting period; 
the term of the options;  
the expected volatility of the Company’s share price as at grant date;    
the risk-free rate of return available at grant date;  
the Company’s share price at grant date;  
the expected dividends on the Company’s shares over the expected term of the options; and  
the exercise (strike) price of the options.  

For those Options which did not vest immediately on issue, non- market vesting conditions, the expected vesting period 
of the options is estimated to be 5 years from the grant date. 5 years is deemed to be a realistic timeframe in which the 
performance conditions can be expected to be achieved.  

However, the options can be exercised (subject to market conditions being met where applicable)  at any point after 
vesting and prior to the Option expiry date. 

5. Segmental Information  

In accordance with IFRS 8: Operating Segments, it is mandatory for the Company to present and disclose segmental 
information based on the internal reports that are regularly reviewed by the Board in order to assess each segment’s 
performance and to allocate resources to them. 

Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  used  by  the  chief  operating 
decision-maker.  The  chief  operating  decision-maker,  who  is  responsible  for  allocating  resources  and  assessing 
performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Board as a whole.  The board is responsible for the 
Company's entire portfolio and considers the business to have a single operating segment. Asset allocation  decisions 
are based on a single, integrated investment strategy, and the Company’s performance is evaluated on an overall basis. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

6. Administration Fees 

Vistra  Fund  Services  (Guernsey)  Limited  (“Vistra”)  is  entitled  to  an  administration  fee  of  £56,265  per  annum.  The 
administrator is also entitled to an additional fee of £2,558 for each formal board meeting held and £10,230 per annum 
for Compliance oversight services and an annual fee for the provision of a Privacy Officer, in respect of the pertinent 
Data Protection Legislation.  

The Administrator is also entitled to recover by way of reimbursement from the Company, transaction costs associated 
with the provision of specific services and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of its services 
to include any of the Administrator’s approved services. 

In the year ended 31 March 2021, a total of £77,000 (2020: £97,000) was charged to the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income, of which, £11,000 was payable at the financial reporting date (2020: £23,000).  

7. Director’s Remuneration 

The Board agreed the following compensation packages for the Directors of the Company. 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

Lorne Abony was entitled to an annual remuneration of £250,000, payable monthly in arrears which decreased to 
£100,000 per annum, effective from 1 January 2020 until his date of termination. The Company also granted Mr 
Abony Options over 12,131,548 ordinary shares at 20 pence per share. The terms of the Options are explained 
below.  Mr Abony resigned on 15 May 2020 and agreed to defer payment of £250,000 in accrued but uninvoiced 
fees  for  the  2019  calendar  year  as  at  the  termination  date  for  a  period  of  12  months.  Mr.  Abony  was  issued 
2,941,177 shares in settlement of these accrued fees in January 2021. His options expired in February 2021 and 
the reserve in relation to these was released to Other Distributable Reserves as mentioned in Note 16. 
Ian Burns is entitled to an annual remuneration of £36,000 per annum. 
Ed McDermott is entitled to an annual remuneration of £92,808. This includes a Director Fee of £80,000 per annum 
and an annual reimbursement of £12,808 effective from 01 June 2020 for amounts paid or payable as employers 
NIC contributions to HMRC. The Company has also granted Mr McDermott Options over 1,000,000 ordinary shares 
at 19 pence per share and further Options over 1,000,000 ordinary shares at 25 pence per share. Terms of the 
Options are explained below.   
Lance De Jersey is entitled to an annual remuneration of £80,000 per annum. 
Luke Cairns is entitled to an annual remuneration of £36,000 per annum. 

Additional information on Directors' Remuneration is noted in related parties. Refer to note 18. 

Following the approval to grant Options, the number of share options held by each Director at 31 March 2021 was as 
follows: 

Date 
Granted 

 Options issued   

% of issued 
shares on fully 
diluted basis 

Exercise price 
(pence) 

Weighted average 
contractual 
remaining life 

Ed McDermott 

13-Feb-18 

            1,000,000  

Ed McDermott 

13-Feb-18 

            1,000,000  
2,000,000  

0.47% 

0.47% 
0.94% 

19 

25 

3 

3 

Fair value of the Options as the year end are as below: 

Opening Balance  
Options lapse for the year 
Recognition of Directors share based expense 

Year ended 
31 March 2021 
£'000 
1,263 
(1,130) 
47 
180 

Year ended 
31 March 2020 
£'000 
1,233 
(132) 
162 
1,263 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

7. Directors’ Remuneration (continued) 

During  the  period  12,131,548  options  issued  to  Mr  Abony,  the  former  Chairman  of  the  Company,  lapsed.  The  total 
Employee  Share  Option  Reserve  in  relation  to  Mr  Abony  of  £1,130,000  has  been  transferred  to  Other  Distributable 
Reserves through the Statement of Changes in Equity. 

Upon exercise the options entitle the holder to one Ordinary Share of 1p in the Issued Share Capital of the Company. 
Following the grant of the Options to Mr Abony, 50% of the Options vested immediately, 25% of the Options shall vest 
after 12 months (subject to the weighted average price of the Company’s ordinary shares rising above 25 pence for ten 
consecutive trading days), and the balance of 25% shall vest after 24 months (subject to the weighted average price of 
the Company’s Ordinary Shares rising above 35 pence for ten consecutive trading days). 

On the grant of the Options to Mr McDermott 33% of the Options vested immediately, 33% of the Options vested after 
12 months and the balance of 34% shall vest after 24 months, on the same weighted average share price terms as for 
the other Directors, above. 

The vesting terms have not yet been achieved for any of the options which did not vest immediately. 

Subject to vesting (which is accelerated in the event of a change of control), the Options may only be exercised while 
the party remains, or in the three month period after they cease to be, an “eligible employee” of the Company (as such 
term is defined in the Option Agreements) and within a five year term from the date of grant. The Options may be 
exercised on a cash-less basis subject to agreement of the Board at such time. 

No Options were exercised during the year as at no point during the year did the  share price of the Company exceed 
the Exercise price of any of the Options which had vested. 

Share Option measurement of fair value 

For those Options with market related vesting conditions, the fair value is determined using the Monte Carlo simulation 
model at the grant date. The fair value of Options issued with non-market vesting conditions has been calculated using 
the  Black  Scholes  model.  Services  and  non-market  performance  conditions  attached  to  the  arrangements  were  not 
taken into account in measuring fair value as explained in note 3(d) and 4. 

In addition, the model inputs used in the measurement of the fair values at grant dates were as follows: 

Weighted Average Fair value 

Share price 

Exercise price 

Annualised expected volatility 

Annual risk free interest rate 

Grant date 

13-Feb-18 

12.35 pence 

20.13 pence 

19 pence 

75.48% 

1.17% 

Grant date 

Grant date 

13-Feb-18 

17-Feb-16 

11.82 pence 

10.06 pence 

20.13 pence 

18.00 pence 

25 pence 

20 pence 

75.48% 

1.17% 

70.09% 

0.86% 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

7. Directors’ Remuneration (continued) 

The expected life of all options are 5 years from grant date and no dividends are expected to be paid. Expected volatility 
has been based on an evaluation of the historical volatility of the Company’s share price. The total fair value of the share 
Options issued, as at the date of granting, is estimated to be £241,718.  

    31 March 2021 

Ian Burns (appointed on 12 November 2014) 
Lorne Abony (appointed on 6 January 2016) 
Ed McDermott (appointed 12 February 2018) 
Lance De Jersey (appointed 3 January 2019) 
Luke Cairns (appointed 3 January 2020) 
Jim Mellon (Resigned on 21 August 2019) 

Directors’ 
Remuneration  
£'000 
36 
16 
91 
80 
36 
(29) 
230 

Discretionary 
Bonus 

£'000 
14 
- 
- 
- 
14 

28 

Recognition of 
share based 
expense 
£'000 
- 
15 
32 
- 
- 

Total 
£'000 
50 
31 
123 
80 
50 

47 

334 

During the year, Director fees payable to Jim Mellon in the amount of £29,274 were written down. 

31 March 2020 

Ian Burns (appointed on 12 November 2014) 
Jim Mellon (appointed on 13 July 2015; 
resigned on 21 August 2019) 
Lorne Abony (appointed on 6 January 2016) 
Ed McDermott (appointed 12 February 2018) 
Lance De Jersey (appointed 3 January 2019) 
Luke Cairns (appointed 3 January 2020) 

Directors’ 
Remuneration  
£'000 
27 

12 
254 
50 
75 
9 
427 

Discretionary 
Bonus 

£'000 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Recognition of 
share based 
expense 
£'000 
- 

8 

122 
32 
- 
- 
162 

Total 
£'000 
27 

20 

376 
82 
75 
9 
589 

No pension contributions were paid or were payable on behalf of the Directors. Details of the Directors’ interests in the 
share capital are set out in note 17. 

8. Other expenses 

Marketing expenses 
Other Directors’ related expenses 
Regulatory and listing fees 
Registrar fees 
Audit fees 
Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance 
Other expenses 

Year ended 
31 March 2021 
£'000 
- 
- 
43 
47 
36 
5 
62 
193 

Year ended 
31 March 2020 
£'000 
2 
                           22 
13 
28 
40 
6 
36 
147 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

9. Tax effects of other comprehensive income 

The  Income  Tax  Authority  of  Guernsey  has  granted  the  Company  exemption  from  Guernsey  income  tax  under  the 
Income  Tax  (Exempt  Bodies)  (Guernsey)  Ordinance,  1989  and  the  income  of  the  Company  may  be  distributed  or 
accumulated  without  deduction  of  Guernsey  income  tax.  Exemption  under  the  above  mentioned  Ordinance  entails 
payment by the Company of an annual fee of £1,200 for each year in which the exemption is claimed. It should be noted, 
however, that interest and dividend income accruing from the Company’s investments may be subject to withholding 
tax in the country of origin. 

There were no tax effects arising from the other comprehensive income disclosed in the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income (2020: £Nil). 

10. Earnings per Ordinary Share 

The profit per Ordinary Share of £3.74p (2020: loss per Ordinary Share of 3.09p) is based on the profit for the year of 
£6,528,647 (2020: loss £4,996,000) and on a weighted average number of 174,590,793 Ordinary Shares in issue during 
the year (2020: 161,500,105 Ordinary Shares). 

The basic and diluted earnings per Ordinary Share were the same. The average share price of the Ordinary Shares during 
the year was below the exercise price of the Options (exercise prices of 19.00 pence, 20.00 pence and 25.00 pence) and 
Warrants (exercise price 12.75p). Therefore, as at 31 March 2021 neither the Options nor the Warrants had a dilutive 
effect. 

11. Dividends 

During the year ended 31 March 2021, no dividend was paid to shareholders (2020: £Nil). The Directors do not propose 
a final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2021 (2020: £Nil). 

12. Financial Assets and Liabilities Designated at Fair Value through Profit or Loss 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Fair value of investments brought forward 
Purchases during the year 
Disposals proceeds during the year  
Capitalised interest on convertible loan 
Realised gains on disposals 
Net unrealised gain / (loss) in fair value 
Fair value of investments carried forward 

31 March 2021 
£'000 

31 March 2020 
£'000 

13,372 
3,736 
(1,166) 
31 
443 
6,864 
23,280 

18,604 
1,033 
(2,282) 
- 
165 
(4,148) 
13,372 

Details of the investments held are given in the Report of the Chief Executive and at the Company’s website.  

13. Fair value of financial instruments 

IFRS 13 requires the Company to classify financial instruments at fair value using a fair value hierarchy that reflects the 
significance of the inputs used in making the measurement. The fair value hierarchy has the following levels: 
• 

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can 
access at the year-end date; 
Level 2 - Those involving inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the 
asset or liability, either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from prices); and 
Level 3 - Those with inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable 
inputs). 

• 

• 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

13. Fair value of financial instruments (continued) 

The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety is determined 
on the basis of the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. For this purpose, 
the significance of an input is assessed against the fair value measurement in its entirety.  

If a fair value measurement uses observable inputs that require significant adjustment based on unobservable inputs, 
that  measurement  is  a  Level  3  measurement.  Assessing  the  significance  of  a  particular  input  to  the  fair  value 
measurement in its entirety requires judgement, considering factors specific to the asset or liability. 

The  determination  of  what  constitutes  ‘observable’  requires  judgement  by  the  Company.  The  Company  considers 
observable data to be that market data that is readily available, regularly distributed or updated, reliable and verifiable, 
not proprietary, and provided by independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant market.  

The valuations used to determine fair values are validated and periodically reviewed by experienced personnel, in most 
cases this validation and review is undertaken by members of the Board, however professional third-party valuation 
firms are used for some valuations and the Company also has access to a network of industry experts by virtue of the 
personal networks of the directors and substantial shareholders (including Messrs Mellon and Abony).  The valuations 
prepared by the Company or received from third parties are in accordance with the IPEV Guidelines. The valuations, 
when relevant, are based on a mixture of: 
• 

Market  approach  (utilising  EBITDA  or  Revenue  multiples,  industry  value  benchmarks  and  available  market 
prices approaches); 
Income approach (utilising Discounted Cash Flow, Replacement Cost and Net Asset approaches); 
Price of a recent transaction when transaction price/cost is considered indicative of fair value; and 
Proposed sale price. 

• 
• 
• 

As at 31 March 2021, three investments were valued as Level one investments within the fair value hierarchy, with the 
value being taken from the published bid price available as at that date (2020: One investment). 

The remaining seven investments were included within the Level 3 category and subject to a Level 3 valuation approach.  
Of these seven positions, two were valued by way of third-party valuation reports. (2020:  Four of the seven Level 3 
positions were valued by third party valuers).  By value, 38% of the portfolio value was ascertained by way of such third 
party valuations (2020: 92%).  

Whilst it is not intended that third party valuations will be commissioned for every investee company subject to Level 3 
classification for each valuation point, the Board of the Company will continue to commission reports where deemed 
preferable. 

Where investments are considered to be Level 3 investments for valuation purposes, it is required under IFRS 13 that 
information be provided about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement.  In the case of 
the Company a balance is necessary in providing commentary on such inputs, whilst at the same time not disclosing 
information about these private companies which they have indicated cannot be published (primarily for competitive 
reasons).  The table below provides a summary of the valuations subject to unobservable inputs across the Company’s 
investment portfolio, split by valuation methodology and an indicative aggregate value of the effect of either a more 
positive or negative valuation approach, without publication of specific metrics which could be identified as relating to 
any one investee company. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

13. Fair value of financial instruments (continued) 

Valuation Basis 

Aggregate 
Valuation 

£’000 

Unobservable input 

Range (input) 

Sensitivit
y used 

Effect on fair value 

75th percentile revenue 
multiple of  comparable 
guideline public companies 

 2.4x - 
6.8x 

(6.0x) 

 -0.5x / 
+0.5x 

£'000 

£'000 

(266) 

265 

Third-party 
valuation report 

9,636 

75th percentile revenue 
multiple of  comparable 
guideline company 
transactions 

2.4x - 
8.6x 

(5.1x) 

-0.5x / 
+0.5x 

(266) 

265 

recent 
(deal 

Price 
of 
transaction 
price) 
Total 

Discounted cash flows: 
Discount rate 

n/a 

(55%) 

8,191 

Deal price concluded post year 
end 

- 

- 

-5% / 
+5% 

-5% / 
+5% 

371 

(309) 

(409) 

409 

23,280 

A reconciliation of the opening and closing balances of assets designated at fair value through profit or loss classified 
as Level 1 is shown below:  

Fair value of investments brought forward 
Purchases during the year 
Transfer from Level 3 to Level 1 
Disposals proceeds during the year  
Realised gains/(losses) on disposals 
Net unrealised change in fair value 
Fair value of investments carried forward 

31 March 2021 
£'000 
946 
1,883 
50 
(1,166) 
443 
3,299 
5,455 

31 March 2020 
£'000 
494 
1,033 
- 
(908) 
(396) 
723 
946 

There was a transfer between levels during the year. As part of its strategy to expand its offering worldwide and fully 
utilise its multi-channel, multi-platform distribution channels, Yooma completed an RTO of Globalive Technology Inc. 
and began trading on the Canadian Securities Exchange on 11 February 2021 under the ticker YOOM.  

A reconciliation of the opening and closing balances of assets designated at fair value through profit or loss classified as 
Level 3 is shown below: 

Fair value of investments brought forward 
Purchases during the year 
Transfer from Level 3 to Level 1 
Disposals proceeds during the year  
Capitalised interest on convertible loan 
Realised gains on disposals 
Net unrealised change in fair value 
Fair value of investments carried forward 

31 March 2021 
£'000 
12,426 
1,853 
(50) 
- 
31 
- 
3,565 
17,825 

31 March 2020 
£'000 
18,110 
- 
- 
(1,374) 
- 
561 
(4,871) 
12,426 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

14. Other receivables  

Other receivables 
Prepayments 

15. Payables and accruals 

LOM Financial (Bermuda) Limited 
Audit fees 
Director’s fees 
Legal & professional fees 
Administration fees 
Other Payables 

31 March 2021 
£'000 
4 
49 
53 

31 March 2020 
£'000 
7 
43 
50 

31 March 2021 
£'000 

31 March 2020 
£'000 

- 
28 
- 
24 
11 
6 
69 

2  
38 
304 
25 
23 
5 
397 

Ordinary shares were issued to Lorne Abony from the treasury shares against the fees accrued for Lorne Abony for £ 
250,000 in previous year. Additional information on Directors' Remuneration is noted in related parties. Refer to note 
16 for additional information. 

16. Share Capital, Warrants, Options, Treasury shares and Other distributable reserves 

Authorised: 
1,910,000,000  Ordinary  Shares  of  1p  (2020:  1,910,000,000 
Ordinary Shares) 
100,000,000  Deferred  Shares  of  0.9p  (2020:  100,000,000 
Deferred Shares) 

Allotted, called up and fully paid: 
212,747,395  Ordinary  Shares  of  1p  (2020:  161,500,105  
Ordinary Shares) 

Nil  Deferred  Shares  of  0.9p  (2020:  70,000,709  Deferred 
Shares) 

Share options 

Warrants 

Treasury Shares: 
2,472,446 Treasury Shares of 1p (2020: 5,413,623) 

31 March 2021 
£’000 

31 March 2020 
£’000 

19,100 

900 
20,000 

19,100 

900 
20,000 

(i)  

(ii)  

2,127 

1,615 

- 

630 

(iii)  

2,000,000 

14,131,548 

(vi) 

24,117,762 

(v)  

25 

- 

54 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

16. Share Capital, Warrants, Options, Treasury shares and Other distributable reserves (Continued) 

(i)  Ordinary Shares 
During  the  year,  the  Company  issued  48,235,525  additional  Ordinary shares  across two  placings.  On  20  November 
2020, the Company issued  23,529,646 Ordinary Shares of 1p each (the ‘First  Placing Shares’) at a price of 8.5p per 
Placing Share (the “Placing Price”)  to a  number of new investors raising gross proceeds  of approximately £2million 
(together the ‘First  Placing’), furthermore  70,588 new  Ordinary shares  were issued to its advisor St. Brides Partners 
against  advisory  fees of  £6,000.  On  29 January  2021,  a  further  24,705,879 Ordinary  shares  were  issued in  a second 
placing (the “Second Placing Shares”).  The Second Placing Shares were issued at the same Placing Price as the First 
Placing Shares.  Finally, and as noted below, the company also transferred 2,941,177 Ordinary shares to Mr. Abony from 
the treasury shares held in settlement of accrued director fees payable of £ 250,000. The cost of raising the capital for 
the year amounted to £ 230,647. 

Opening balance as at 01 April 
Ordinary shares issued at par 
Treasury shares converted to Ordinary shares at par 

2021 
No. of Shares 
161,500,105  
       48,306,113  
         2,941,177  

2020 
No. of Shares 

  161,500,105  

                       -    
                       -    

£'000 
  1,615  
         -    
         -    

£'000 
  1,615  
483 
     29  

Closing balance as at 31 March 

     212,747,395  

  2,127 

     161,500,105  

  1,615  

(ii)  Deferred Shares 
In  aggregate  (not  per  share),  the  holders  of  Deferred  Shares  were  entitled  to  receive  up  to  £1  only  as  a  preferred 
dividend  or  distribution. The  Deferred Shares had zero  economic value. The holders  of Deferred  Shares, in  respect 
of  their holdings  of  Deferred Shares, had no right to receive notice of any general meeting of the Company, nor the 
right to attend, speak  or  vote  at  any  such  general  meeting.  The  Company  has  the  right  to  transfer  the  Deferred 
Shares  to  such  persons  as  it  wishes,  without  the  consent  of  the  holders  of  the  Deferred  Shares,  and  to  cancel 
Deferred Shares with the consent of such transferee. During the year, £630,000 Deferred Shares were transferred and 
cancelled, releasing to other distributable reserves (2020: Nil). 

Opening balance as at 01 April 
Transferred to Distributable reserves 

Closing balance as at 31 March 

2021 

2020 

£'000 
                       630 
     (630)  

£'000 
630 
         -    

- 

630 

(iii)  Options 
During the year 12,131,548 options issued to Mr Abony, the former CEO and Interim Chairman of the Company, lapsed. 
The  total  Employee  Share  Option  Reserve  in  relation  to  Mr  Abony  of  £1,130,000  has  been  transferred  to  Other 
Distributable  Reserves  through  the  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity.  The  remaining  options  granted  relate  to  Ed 
McDermott. Refer to note 18 for additional information. 

(iv)  Directors’ Authority to Allot Shares 
The Directors are generally and unconditionally authorised to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot relevant 
securities. As approved at the Company Extraordinary General Meeting on 9 July 2021, the Directors may determine up 
to a  maximum aggregate  nominal  amount  of  100%  of  the  issued share  capital during the period  until  the  following 
Annual General Meeting. The Guernsey Companies Law does not limit the power of Directors to issue shares or impose 
any pre-emption rights on the issue of new shares. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

16. Share Capital, Warrants, Options, Treasury shares and Other distributable reserves (Continued) 

(v)  Shares held in Treasury 
During the year Mr. Lorne Abony received 2,941,177 Ordinary shares from the Treasury shares against the Directors fees 
payable to him of £ 250,000. As a result, the Company has a total of 2,472,446 ordinary shares held as Treasury shares 
(2020: 5,413,623). No shares were repurchased during the year (2020: Nil).  

Opening balance as at 01 April 
Treasury shares converted to Ordinary shares 

2021 
No. of Shares 
5,413,623  
         (2,941,177)  

£'000 
54 
     (29)  

2020 
No. of Shares 
5,413,623  
                       -    

£'000 
54 
         -    

Closing balance as at 31 March 

     2,472,446  

25 

5,413,623  

54 

(vi)  Warrants 
During the year the Company has issued one warrant  for every two Placing Shares (the "Placing Warrants"). Shard 
Capital are sole brokers to the Placings. The Company issued 48,235,525 Ordinary shares at the Placings at a price of 
8.5p  per  placing  share  resulting  in  24,117,762  Placing  Warrants  being  issued.  Each  Placing  Warrant  will  entitle  the 
holder to subscribe for one further ordinary share of £0.01 in the capital of the Company upon payment of 12.75 pence 
per share on or before that date which is 24 months from the Settlement Date. 

(vii)  Other Distributable Reserves 

Opening balance as at 01 April 
Total comprehensive profit / (loss) for the year 
Premium on ordinary shares issued 
Transfer of deferred shares 
Transfer of value of lapsed options 
Closing balance as at 31 March 

17. Net Assets per Ordinary Share 

2021 

2020 

£'000 
10,730 
6,298 
3,844 
630 
1,130 
22,632 

£'000 
15,594 
(4,996) 
- 
- 
132 
10,730 

Basic and diluted 
The basic and diluted net asset value per Ordinary Share is based on the net assets attributable to equity shareholders  
of £24,939,000 (2020: £14,238,000) and on 212,747,395 Ordinary Shares (2020: 161,500,105 Ordinary Shares) in issue 
at the end of the year. The share price of the Ordinary Shares at 31 March 2021 of 8.30 pence (2020: 7.25 pence) was 
below  the  exercise  price  of  any  of  the  Options  (lowest  exercise  price  of  19.00  pence)  or  Warrants  (12.75  pence). 
Therefore, as at 31 March 2021 neither the Options nor the Warrants had a dilutive effect. 

18. Related Parties 

(i) Directors’ 

The Directors’ remuneration for the year ended 31 March 2021 is disclosed in note 7. The Directors consider that there 
is no immediate or ultimate controlling party. 

Ian Burns 

Mr Burns, Non-Executive Chairman of the Company, is the legal and beneficial owner of Smoke Rise Holdings Limited, 
which held 1,374,024 (2020: 1,374,024) Ordinary Shares in the Company at 31 March 2021 and at the date of signing 
this report.  

Mr Burns received an annual remuneration of £36,000 (2020: £27,000) and discretionary bonus of £14,000 (2020: Nil). 
There was no payable at the financial reporting date. (2020: nil). 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

18. Related Parties (continued) 

Lorne Abony 
Mr Abony, resigned as CEO and Interim Chairman of the Company on 15 May 2020. Mr Abony held no (2020: 14,843,211) 
Ordinary Shares in the Company at 31 March 2021 and at the date of signing this report having transferred his entire 
holding of 17,784,388 to Mrs. Rhonda Abony on 30 January 2021. 

Mr Abony held 20,833,333 (2020: 20,833,333) shares in EMMAC, which equated to 7.2% (2020: 7.2%) of the shares in 
issue. On 19 November 2019, Mr Abony was appointed as Chairman of the Board of Directors of EMMAC. 
Mr Abony resigned on 15 May 2020 and accepted to defer remuneration payment of £250,000 as at date of resignation 
for the year end 31 March 2020. As at 31 March 2021, Mr Abony holds no option (2020: 12,131,548) and during the 
year  received  2,472,446  ordinary  shares  from  the  Treasury  shares  in  the  settlement  of  the  deferred  remuneration 
payment. 

Mr Abony was entitled to £100,000 as from 1 January 2020. During the year ended 31 March 2021, he was due to receive 
a total of £16,000 (2020: £97,000). There was no payable at the financial reporting date (2020: £23,000).  

Ed McDermott 

Mr  McDermott  was  a  co-founder  of,  and  executive  Director  of,  EMMAC  Life  Sciences  Limited  ("EMMAC").  Mr 
McDermott owned 11,250,000 (2020: 11,250,000) shares in EMMAC, which equated to 3.9% of the shares in issue.  

EMMAC was sold to Curaleaf in early April 2021, in conjunction with which  transaction the Company sold its entire 
interest in EMMAC to a 3rd party for £5,036,459 on 6 April 2021. 

Ed McDermott is entitled to an annual remuneration of £92,808. This includes a Director Fee of £80,000 per annum and 
reimbursement  of  £12,808  for  the  amounts  paid  or  payable  by  him,  on  behalf  of  the  Company,  as  employers  NIC 
contributions to HMRC, effective from June 2020. In 2018, the Company has also granted Mr McDermott Options over 
1,000,000 Ordinary shares at 19 pence per share and further Options over 1,000,000 Ordinary shares at 25 pence per 
share. 

Mr McDermott held 2,000,000 options as at 31 March 2020 (2020: 2,000,000). 

Mr  McDermott  received  annual  remuneration  of  £90,673  (2020:  £50,000).  There  was  no  payable  at  the  financial 
reporting date. (2020: nil). 

Lance De Jersey 

Mr De Jersey, Finance Director of the Company held 400,000 ordinary shares in the Company as at 31 March 2021 and 
at the date of signing of this report. 

Mr De Jersey received annual remuneration of £80,000 (2020: £75,000). There was no payable at the financial reporting 
date. (2020: nil). 

Luke Cairns 

Mr Cairns, Non-Executive Director of the Company received annual remuneration of £36,000 per annum, effective from 
the date of his appointment on 3 January 2020. 

Mr Cairns received annual  remuneration of £36,000 (2020:  £9,000) and discretionary bonus of £14,000 (2020: Nil). 
There was no payable at the financial reporting date. (2020: nil). 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

18. Related Parties (continued) 

(ii) Administrator of the Company 

Vistra  Fund  Services  (Guernsey)  Limited  (“Vistra”)  is  entitled  to  an  administration  fee  of  £56,265  per  annum.  The 
administrator is also entitled to an additional fee of £2,558 for each formal board meeting held and £10,230 per annum 
for Compliance oversight services.   

In the year ended 31 March 2021, a total of £77,000 (2020: £97,000) was charged to the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income, of which, £11,000 was payable at the financial reporting date (2020: £23,000). Please refer to note 6 for more 
details. 

19. Financial Risk Management 

Treasury policies 
The objective of the Company’s treasury policies is to manage the Company’s financial risk, secure cost effective funding 
for the Company’s operations and to minimise the adverse effects of fluctuations in the financial markets on the value 
of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities on reported profitability and on cash flows of the Company. 

The Company finances its activities with cash, short-term deposits with maturities of three months or less and market 
traded  securities.  Other  financial  assets  and  liabilities,  such  as  receivables  and  payables,  arise  directly  from  the 
Company’s operating activities. Derivative instruments may be used to change the economic characteristics of financial 
instruments in accordance with the Company’s treasury policies. 

The financial assets and liabilities of the Company were: 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Investments 

Financial assets at amortised cost 
Other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Other payables 

31 March 2021 
£'000 

31 March 2020 
£'000 

23,280 

13,372 

4 
1,675 
1,678 

7 
1,213 
1,220 

69 

397 

Prepayments of £49,000 (31 March 2020: £43,000) have been excluded from financial assets. 

Credit risk 

The main risks arising from the Company’s financial assets and liabilities are credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk, 
and are set out below, together with the policies currently applied by the Board for their management. Market risk 
comprises three types of financial risk, being interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, being the risk that the 
fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  market  prices other  than  from  interest  rate  and 
currency risks. 

The Company takes on exposure to credit risk, which is the risk that one party will cause a financial loss for the other 
party by failing to discharge an obligation. 

The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its other receivables and cash and cash  equivalents. In order to 
mitigate credit risk, the Company seeks to trade only with reputable counterparties that the management believe to be 
creditworthy.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

19. Financial Risk Management (continued) 

The credit risk on cash and cash equivalents is limited by using banks with high credit ratings assigned by international 
credit-rating agencies. At the year end, an amount of cash and cash equivalents of £1,571,000 was placed with HSBC 
Bank  plc  (2020:  £1,207,000).  Cash  and  cash  equivalent  of  £2,108  (2020:  £5,077)  was  held  the  Company’s  broker  PI 
Financial Corp. Further an amount of cash and cash equivalent of £ 102,041 was held by Optiva Securities. The Moody’s 
credit rating for HSBC Bank plc was Aa3 as at 31 March 2021.   

Furthermore, the Company holds debt instruments - Convertible Loan notes of £ 2,804,889 which are disclosed under 
financial assets designated at fair value through profit and loss. The Company’s credit risk is monitored from time to 
time by the Board and no debt instruments are considered past due nor impaired. 

The Company’s activities may give rise to settlement risk. ‘Settlement risk’ is the risk of loss due to the failure of an 
entity to honour its obligations to deliver cash, securities or other assets as contractually agreed. For the majority of 
transactions,  the  Company  mitigates  this  risk  by  conducting  settlements  through  a  broker  to  ensure  that  a  trade  is 
settled only when both parties have fulfilled their contractual settlement obligations. Settlement limits form part of the 
credit approval and limit monitoring processes by Board.  

The investment in these debt instruments is considered to be of an equal risk to the equity investments held in other 
Level 3 investments as disclosed in Note 13. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company may not be able to generate sufficient cash resources to settle its obligations 
in full as they fall due or can only do so on terms that are materially disadvantageous. The Company invests in private 
equities, which, by their very nature, are illiquid. The Company incurs a range of fixed expenses for which it can budget.  

As  such  it  can  appropriately  plan  as  to  how  to  maintain  a  sufficient  cash  balances  to  meet  its  working  capital 
requirements.  

Should it be identified that additional cash resources are required, the Company would propose to issue further equity 
to the market or to sell part of the investment(s) held in market traded securities. 

The contractual undiscounted cash flows of the Company’s financial liabilities, which are equal to the fair value of the 
Company’s  financial  liabilities,  comprise  of  payable  within  one  year  to  the  sum  of  £69,000  (2020:  £397,000).  The 
Company has no contractual commitment to invest further in any of its existing investments. 

The  Board  monitors  the  Company’s  liquidity  position  on  a  regular  basis.  In  addition,  the  Company’s  Administrator 
continually monitors the Company’s liquidity position and reports to the Board on a quarterly basis. 

Market risk 

(i) Price risk 
The Company’s private equity investments are susceptible to price risk arising from uncertainties about future values of 
the private equity investments or derivative financial instruments. This price risk is the risk that the fair value or future 
cash flows will fluctuate because of changes in market prices, whether those changes are caused by factors specific to 
the individual investment or financial instrument or its holder or factors affecting all similar financial instruments or 
investments traded in the market, if any. Investments that are exposed to price risk are disclosed under level 1 in note 
13.  

Given the higher levels of market volatility in the current year, the Directors consider 15% (2020: 15%) best represents 
the margin of price risk associated with the Company risk. A 15% (2020: 15%) increase/decrease in the fair value of 
investments would result in a £817,945.40 (2020: £141,782.06) increase/decrease in the net asset value. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

19. Financial Risk Management (continued) 

ii) Currency risk 
The  Company  regularly  holds  assets  (both  monetary  and  non-monetary)  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the 
functional  currency  (Sterling).  It  is  therefore  exposed  to  currency  risk,  as  the  value  of  the  financial  instruments 
denominated in other currencies will fluctuate due to changes in exchange rates.  

Foreign currency risk, as defined in IFRS 7, arises as the values of recognised monetary assets and monetary liabilities 
denominated  in  other  currencies  fluctuate  due  to  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.  IFRS  7  considers  the  foreign 
exchange exposure relating to non-monetary assets and liabilities to be a component of market price risk, not foreign 
currency risk. The Company monitors the exposure on all foreign-currency-denominated assets and liabilities.  

The  Company  monitors  its  exposure  to  foreign  exchange  rates  and,  where  exposure  is  considered  significant, 
appropriate measures would be adopted to minimise these exposures. As at 31 March 2021, a proportion of the net 
financial assets of the Company were denominated in currencies other than Sterling as follows: 

US Dollar 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss 

Canadian Dollar 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss 

Australian Dollar 
Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss 

Net currency exposure 

31 March 2021 
£’000 
315 
1,389 

31 March 2020 
£’000 
862 
946 

- 
3,234 

831 

5,769 

5 
50 

- 

1,863 

At 31 March 2021, if the exchange rate of the US Dollar had strengthened/weakened by 10% against the Sterling, with 
all other variables remaining constant, the increase/(decrease) in the profit for the year would amount to +/- £170,400 
(2020: +/- £180,800). 

At 31 March 2021, if the exchange rate of the Canadian Dollar had strengthened/weakened by 10% against the Sterling, 
with  all  other  variables  remaining  constant,  the  increase/(decrease)  in  the  profit  for  the  year  would  amount  to  +/- 
£323,400 (2020: +/- £5,500). 

At 31 March 2021, if the exchange rate of the Australian Dollar had strengthened/weakened by 10% against the Sterling, 
with  all  other  variables  remaining  constant,  the  increase/(decrease)  in  the  profit  for  the  year  would  amount  to  +/- 
£83,100 (2020: Nil). 

iii) Interest rate risk 
The Company currently funds its operations through the use of equity. Cash at bank, the majority of which was in Pounds 
Sterling at the year end, is held at variable rates. At the year end, the Company’s financial liabilities did not suffer interest 
and thus were not subject to any interest rate risk. It is unlikely that interest rates would decrease by as much as 1% as 
they are currently less than 1%. Any decrease in the interest rate to a minimum of 0% would have an insignificant impact 
on the interest income received by the Company. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEED Innovations Limited 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 March 2021 

20. Capital Management Policy and Procedures 

The Company’s capital structure is derived solely from the issue of Ordinary Shares. 

The Company does not currently intend to fund any investments through debt or other borrowings but may do so if 
appropriate. Investments in early stage assets are expected to be mainly in the form of equity, with debt potentially 
being raised later to fund the development of such assets. Investments in later stage assets are more likely to include 
an element of debt to equity gearing. The Company may also offer new Ordinary Shares as consideration as well as cash, 
thereby helping to preserve the Company's cash for working capital and as a reserve against unforeseen contingencies 
including, for example, delays in collecting accounts receivable, unexpected changes in the economic environment and 
operational problems. 

The Board monitors and reviews the structure of the Company’s capital on an ad hoc basis. This review includes: 
• 
• 
• 

The need to obtain funds for new investments, as and when they arise 
The current and future levels of gearing 
The need to buy back Ordinary Shares for cancellation or to be held in treasury, which takes account of the  
difference between the net asset value per Ordinary Share and the Ordinary Share price  
The current and future dividend policy; and 
The current and future return of capital policy. 

• 
• 

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. 

21. Events after the Financial Reporting Date 

The Company had announced on 10 March 2021 the sale of its holding comprising of 6,666,667 Ordinary shares and a 
£750,000 convertible loan note in the investee company, EMMAC Life Sciences Limited ('EMMAC'), for cash proceeds of 
c£5 million. 

On 12 April 2021 the Company announced the appointment of Alfredo Pascual as Vice President of Investment Analysis 
effective 1 April 2021.  

In May 2021, the Company purchased an additional 370,000 shares of Little Green Pharma Ltd (“LGP”) which is listed 
on  Australian  Stock  Market  (Ticker:  LGP.AX).  Furthermore,  in  June  2021,  the  Company  acquired  another  4,608,334 
shares  of  LGP.    Following  the  investments,  the  Company  holds  7,324,796  ordinary  shares  in  LGP,  representing 
approximately 3.15% of their issued share capital. 

On 5 July 2021, the Company announced the investment of €3 million (c.£2.58million) in EUROX Group, a German-based 
European  vertically  integrated  medical  cannabis  company.    The  Company  holds  4,962  shares  representing 
approximately 8.85% of EUROX.  

On 6 July 2021, the Company announced the investment of £175,000 in CiiTech via a convertible loan note (CLN) which 
raised a total of £2million. 

On 7 July 2021, the Company announced a further investment of £50,000 in a pre-IPO CLN raised by South West Brands. 

On  12  July  2021,  the  Company  announced  that  shareholders  had  approved  a  change  of  company  name  from 
FastForward Innovations Limited to SEED Innovations Limited. 

There are no other material events subsequent to year end which require disclosure. 

51