Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

pbhc · NASDAQ Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker pbhc
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 172
← All annual reports
FY2021 Annual Report · Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
ANNUAL REPORT
2021

OUR PURPOSE

To be the Local Bank Our Community Trusts.

LOCAL

We have proudly served Central New York for over 
150 years. Like our customers, we live, work and 
play here. That fact not only allows us to know our 
customers better, but gives our customers access to 
decision makers right here in Central New York.

COMMUNITY

Our success is intertwined with the  
success of the communities we serve.  
For that reason, and because it is the right 
thing to do, we invest our resources, time, 
and talents in those communities. 

TRUST

Because we want to serve our local communities for another 150 years, we must earn the trust 
of our customers every day. We do that by being ethical, capable, honest, reliable and responsive. 
We do not sell products and services to our customers. We listen, and inquire, to determine our 
customers’ needs. Then, with the help of a team of trusted advisors, we develop a program of 
services and products to uniquely satisfy those needs.

OUR VISIONOUR VISIONOUR VISION 2021            2020          2019          2018          2017       

Year End (In thousands except per share amounts)
Total assets
Investment securities available-for-sale
Investment securities held-to-maturity
Loans receivable, net
Deposits
Borrowings and subordinated debt
Shareholders’ equity

$ 1,285,177
190,598   
160,923 
819,524    
1,055,346 
   106,661 
   110,633 

$ 1,227,443  
   128,261  
   171,224   
   812,718  
   995,907         
   121,450  
   97,722  

$ 1,093,807  
   111,134  
   122,988    
   772,782   
   881,893          
   108,253   
   90,669   

 $ 933,115   
    177,664    
    53,908     
    612,964     
    727,060            
    133,628     
    64,459     

$ 881,257    
   171,138     
   66,196      
   573,705      
   723,603                  
   88,947      
   62,144      

$    23,123     
   4,085     
   3,559     

   489    

   37     

    -  
   20,621    
   473   
   29,413    
   6,290   
   1,769    
   3,491       

$       0.86    
   0.83     
   14.44     
   13.34   
   0.215  

$    38,295 
   6,231 
   5,298 

$      31,643  
   6,485  
   4,859  

$     28,230   
   4,917   
   4,443   

   419 

   313 

   201  
   26,621 
   874 
   45,827 
   7,532 
   1,022 
   12,407 

   447  

   1,179  

    -  
   24,381  
   699  
   42,507  
   10,864  
   4,707  
   6,950     

   410   

   64   

    -  
   25,309   
   421  
   41,758   
   13,528   
   1,966   
   4,276      

$       2.07 
   2.07 
   18.43 
   17.66 
   0.280 

$           1.17  
   1.17  
   17.56  
   16.53  
   0.240  

$         0.80   
   0.80   
   15.94   
   14.95   
   0.240 

$  25,766    
   3,835    
    4,029    

   (244)   

   50    

    -  
   23,057    
   492   
   34,810    
   9,044  
   1,497   
   4,031       

$      0.97   
   0.94    
   14.72    
   13.65   
   0.240  

% 

   0.98   
11.91 
   12.50 
   11.91  
   8.26 
   8.58 
   16.17 
   3.06 
   3.21 

   124.61 

   0.49 
   2.18 
   63.07 

% 

   0.60 
   7.43  
   7.82  
   8.92     
   8.02  
   7.94  
   20.39     
   2.68  
   2.88  

% 

   0.43  
   5.34   
   5.67   
   6.02      
   7.97   
   8.27   
   30.21     
   2.73   
   2.98   

% 

   0.45  
   6.33    
   6.84    
   6.33       
   7.09    
   6.88    
   24.93     
   2.85    
   3.02    

% 

   0.42   
   5.69     
   6.16     
   5.69        
   7.47     
   7.01    
   25.21      
   2.83     
   2.97     

   120.49  

   116.84  

   116.52   

   116.05    

   0.56 
   2.15  
   68.71  

   0.49  
   2.56   
   78.75   

   0.43   
   2.62   
   79.04    

   0.50 
   2.57    
   79.06     

% 

   1.00   
0.65 
   1.55 
   155.99 

% 

   2.58    
1.74 
   1.55  
   59.89  

% 

   0.67 
   0.49  
   1.11   
   165.25   

% 

   0.35  
   0.36   
   1.18    
   340.13    

% 

   0.84   
   0.61    
   1.23     
   145.61     

% 

   15.19    
13.94
   9.52
13.94

% 

   13.13 
   11.87  
   8.63  
   11.87  

% 

   12.28
   11.16   
   8.20
  11.16   

% 

   13.69  
   12.49    
   8.31   
12.49    

% 

   13.97  
   12.72     
   8.16    
12.72     

   11
   161

   11
   176

   11
   157

   11
   160

   10
   140

For the Year (In thousands)
Net interest income
Noninterest income
Core noninterest income (a)
Net gains/(losses) on sales and redemptions
  of investment securities
Net gains on sales of loans and foreclosed  
  real estate
Net gains on sales of premises and equipment
Noninterest expense (b)
Regulatory assessments
Interest income
Interest expense
Provision for loan losses
Net income attributable to the Company

Per Share
Net income (basic) 
Net income (diluted) 
Book value per common share
Tangible book value per common share (c)
Cash dividends declared

Performance Ratios
Return on average assets
Return on average equity
Return on average tangible equity (c)
Return on average common equity
Average equity to average assets
Equity to total assets at end of period
Dividend payout ratio
Net interest rate spread
Net interest margin
Average interest-earning assets to average  
  interest-bearing liabilities
Noninterest income to average assets
Noninterest expense to average assets
Efficiency ratio (d)

Asset Quality Ratios
Nonperforming loans as a percent of total loans
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total assets
Allowance for loan losses to loans receivable
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of  
  nonperforming loans

Regulatory Capital Ratios (Bank Only)
Total Core Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Adjusted Assets)
Tier 1 Common Equity (to Risk-Weighted Assets)

Number of:
Banking offices
Fulltime equivalent employees

(a)  Exclusive of net gains/(losses) on sales and redemptions of investment securities, net gains on sales  
      of loans and foreclosed real estate and net gains on sales of premises and equipment. 
(b)  Exclusive of regulatory assessments. 
(c)  Tangible equity excludes intangible assets. See Selected Financial Data within Item 7 MD&A Section of Annual Report  
      on Form 10K for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures.   
(d) The efficiency ratio is calculated as noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income  
      and noninterest income, excluding net gains/(losses) on sales and redemptions of  investment securities, net gains  
      on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate and net gains on sales of premises and equipment.

I

S
T
H
G
I
L
H
G
H
L
A
I
C
N
A
N
I
F

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS
We are proud to present our Annual Report for 2021. In 2021,  
Pathfinder  Bancorp  delivered  record  earnings  for  shareholders  
and exceptional service to our customers and communities amid 
another challenging year, as we continued to make meaningful  
progress toward the attainment of our strategic objectives. With  
strong asset quality, an improved funding mix and a team ready and 
eager to act on opportunities within our Central New York markets, 
our Company is well-positioned for growth in 2022 and beyond. 

While a retrospective of prior results is not as important as what 
we do going forward, it does demonstrate: 

        The effectiveness and strength of the business model, the      
        market we operate in, and the governance and management   
        of our Company. 

•

  Our ability to successfully adapt to changing   market  

        conditions.

•

In  the  following,  we  hope  that  both  a  retrospective  view  of  
the  prior  year  and  a  prospective  analysis  of  opportunities  and 
challenges  going  forward  provides  confidence,  to  those  who  
have  invested  and  placed  their  capital  at  risk,  that  forward  
return opportunities are substantive and attainable. 

HIGHLIGHTS
        •      Record Earnings – net income of $12.4 million, return on average  
        assets of 0.98%, and return on tangible equity of 12.50%.
    •   Earnings per share of $2.07, an increase of $.90 over 2020.  
      Tangible  Book  Value  accretion  of  $1.13  to  $17.66  from  
        $16.53 in 2020. .....................................................................................
    •  Steady,  consistent  growth  of  revenue  relative  to  expense     
  since our capital raise in May 2019, resulting in an efficiency  

•

        ratio of 63.07% in 2021.
    •  Focus on core deposit growth to fund loan growth leading to    
        a growth of $135.5 million, or 22.6% in non-maturity deposits.

The core deposit initiatives and operating expense management 
strategies have largely been successful.  Growth in non-interest 
income has been muted by downward pricing shifts in overdraft 
activity and pricing, offset by growing interchange fee income,  
as our debit card customer use grows with our checking account 
customer base.  

MANAGING INTEREST EXPENSE 
During 2021, we continued to make progress on lowering our cost 
of funds and interest rate sensitivity. We also took strategic steps 
to reduce our interest expenses moving forward. In April 2021, the 
Bank redeemed $10.0 million of existing subordinated debt which 
reduced our interest expense by $625,000 annually.

Total deposits increased by $59.4 million, or 6.0%, to $1.06 billion  
at December 31, 2021, compared to $995.9 million at year end  
2020,  while  our  funding  costs  improved  by  44  basis  points  to 
0.56% for the full year 2021. Full year 2021 net interest margin  
of  3.21%  was  up  33  basis  points  from  2.88%  for  the  twelve  
months ended December 31, 2020. 

We  have  diligently  managed  our  deposit  mix,  reducing  our  
reliance  on  time  deposits  and  shifting  towards  non-maturity  
deposits as interest rates begin to rise. Noninterest-bearing deposits  
totaled  $191.9  million  at  year  end  2021,  an  increase  of  $29.8  
million, or 18.4%, from one year prior, driven by continued growth  
in business banking relationships due in part to our participation  
in  the  Paycheck  Protection  Program  (“PPP”).  This  program  
allowed  our  Bank  to  establish  deposit  accounts  with  more 
of  our  existing  customers  and  create  new  relationships  with 
more  than  1,100  customers  who  turned  to  Pathfinder  for  help 
accessing  this  important  funding  for  their  small  businesses.  
These  noninterest-bearing  deposits,  which  helped  us  to  bring 
down our overall funding costs, made up approximately 18.2% of 
total  deposits  at  year  end,  compared  to  16.3%  at  December  31, 
2020 and 11.8% at June 30, 2019 at the outset of our strategic  
plan implementation.

At the same time, we were allowing higher-rate time deposits to  
roll  off  our  balance  sheet.  At  year  end  2021,  time  deposits  of 
$321.0  million  made  up  30.4%  of  total  deposits,  down  from 
39.9%  one  year  prior  and  46.1%  in  mid-2019.  The  rate  paid  on 
overall  time  deposits  also  decreased  significantly  in  2021  and  
supported continued improvement in our overall funding costs,  
as our average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities decreased  
by 40 basis points to 0.79%. 

The past two years have been largely driven by federal and state  
government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. The enactment  
of various fiscal and monetary responses to the economic consequences  
of the health response provided us the ability to stave off adverse  
credit consequences, serve our customers and expand our presence  
in  our  markets,  while  implementing  our  strategies  to  enhance  
profitability and shareholder return.  

OUR CORE STRATEGIES REMAIN:
1.  Improving our deposit mix by focusing on non-maturity deposits.
2. Enhancing non-interest income by keeping pace with market pricing.
3. Managing non-interest expense to enhance efficiency.

 
 
 
  
While  the  PPP  has  continued  to  positively  impact  our  deposit  
balances, the bulk of its contributions to loan growth were seen in 
2020, and we saw many of these loans forgiven over the course 
of 2021, as had been expected. Even with the significant reduction 
in PPP-related loans, total loans increased by $7.0 million, or 0.8%, 
during 2021 to $832.5 million. 

As a result of these developments, net interest income on loans and 
other interest earning assets for 2021 increased by a robust 21.0% 
to $38.3 million compared to the prior year. 

ENHANCING FEE INCOME
Complementing our double-digit net interest income growth was 
solid noninterest income generation of $6.2 million for the year. 
This  compares  to  noninterest  income  of  $6.5  million  for  2020,  
when  the  company  recorded  higher  net  gains  on  sales  and  
redemptions of investment securities, as well as on the sales of 
loans and foreclosed real estate. Importantly, excluding these types 
of gains or losses, noninterest income grew by 9.0% to $5.3 million. 

Together,  noninterest  income  and  net  interest  income  strength 
resulted in double-digit annual revenue expansion for the year to  
$44.5 million, a $6.4 million increase from 2020.

DRIVING OPERATING LEVERAGE THROUGH  
PRUDENT EXPENSE CONTROL
Our 16.8% revenue growth’s contribution to our bottom line was 
further enhanced by our effective management of expenses, which 
we limited to an annual rate of 9.6%. This is driving the enhanced  
operating leverage that our strategic plan is intended to accomplish  
and, given the softer-than-typical expenses we recorded in 2020 
amid  the  pandemic-induced  operating  environment,  is  all  the 
more  noteworthy.  In  fact,  compared  to  2019,  what  we  would  
consider a more typical year, 2021 noninterest expenses increased  
by 6.9%, which represents an annual compounded rate of increase 
of only 3.4%.

Prudent expense management is of the utmost priority as we look 
forward. As we look ahead to 2022 and beyond, we are focused on 
both responsible expense control and responsible investments in 
our team and our business for the future. We will not be immune to 
the inflationary and labor market pressures that the industry and 
country are facing and do expect increased expenses in 2022, but 
we remain keenly focused on growing revenue at a greater rate. 

ASSET QUALITY STRENGTH 
Our asset quality metrics remained strong and stable during 2021, 
with  net  loan  charge-offs  to  average  loans  of  0.12%,  compared 
to  0.08%  for  2020,  and  nonperforming  loans  to  total  loans  of 
1.00%, compared to 2.58% for the prior year. Our effective credit  
management and the improving economic conditions in our region 
resulted in a lower provision for loan losses in 2021 of $1.0 million, 
compared to $4.7 million in 2020.

At year end, our allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans 
ratio stood at approximately 156%, leaving us solidly positioned to 
handle any potential credit issues in the current environment. 

2022 AND FORWARD
The  forward  headwinds  of  inflation,  combined  with  continued 
supply-side pressure from the pandemic and the Eastern European  
conflict,  will  require  careful,  adaptive  management  to  maintain  
growth and profitability trends. ...............................................................     

We  believe  the  stable,  steady  growth  of  our  market  and  our  
trusted brand will allow us to balance risk management with loan  
and  deposit  growth  to  meet  the  margin  and  cost  challenges  
that seem evident in 2022 and 2023.............

MODEL 
Our  business  model  remains  rooted  in  our  Vision  Statement.   
The model is a traditional community bank approach. The ability  
to know our market, with all  decision-makers residing in the market  
and  deeply  engaged  in  our  community,  provides  us  the  ability  
to  continue  to  make  differentiated  decisions  using  qualitative  
facts  to  enhance  quantitative  data.    ................................................ 

These  differentiated,  local-based  decisions  are  our  value proposition.  
We  are  able  to  build  trust  within  our  communities  as  well  as 
an  ever-expanding  source  of  referral  and  character  references.  
This classic community banking model is a scarce resource sought  
and  needed  by  larger  portions  of  the  business  and  consumer  
market.......................................................................................... 

A  classic  community  banking  model  does  not  mean  a  lack  of 
strategic focus and implementation of digital banking channels.   
We  have,  and  will  continue  to  make  capital  investments  in  
digital channels and platforms to maintain our competitive ability to  
provide customers with secure and convenient services delivered 
in the manner in which they choose............................

MARKET
The  Central  New  York  area  continues  to  experience  strong  
revitalization within its cities, diversification of its economy and 
entrepreneurial activities, and a diverse demographic, attracting 
outside investment in manufacturing, technology, and logistics.  

A particularly attractive aspect of the Central New York market  
is  the  strong  alignment  between  the  government,  business,  
economic development, non-profit, and academic sectors, supported  
by  knowledgeable  leadership  within  the  market.  While  the  
region  has  robust  diversity  of  demographics  and  views,  there 
is  a  shared  vision  and  desire  to  achieve  inclusive  economic  
expansion  and  diversity  within  our  community’s  leadership.  
This alignment and shared vision significantly reduces the costs 
of friction between community leadership that we often see at  
the national level. 

 
SUMMARY
Performance in 2021 benefited from headwinds created by monetary  
and fiscal policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic. These same 
forces will result in policy response to the resultant inflation. 

Supply channel disruption, resulting in higher prices and higher  
labor costs, will create headwinds for performance over the next 
two years......................................................................................................... 
  ..
We believe that our balance sheet, board and management, dedicated  
staff, business model, and market position in our Company and 
Bank will meet these challenges and execute on our opportunities.  
We will continue to grow the value of your franchise in a risk- 
controlled manner consistent with our fiduciary responsibilities. 
...............................................................................................................................
We thank you for your confidence and ownership in our Company.

MARKET OPPORTUNITIES
Our market growth opportunities exist both in the revitalization  
of  cities  in  CNY,  primarily,  for  us,  Syracuse,  Utica  and  Oswego;  
and  in  our  brand  strength  in  the  CNY  market  spurred  by  our  
local  presence,  as  engaged  community  leaders  capable  of  
differentiated decision making.................................................................. 

The FDIC Summary of Deposit information gathered from each  
bank  at  June  30th  of  every  year  provides  the  best  proxy  for 
the  local  market.........................................................    ............................ 

While  the  Oswego  County  market  serves  as  a  stable  base  for  
our loan and deposit growth opportunities, the Onondaga County  
market  has  provided  significant  growth  opportunities.  The  
accompanying market share chart demonstrate both our growing  
presence  within  Onondaga  County  and  the  opportunity  for  
further penetration.  

During  the  second  quarter  of  2022,  we  expect  to  open  a  new 
branch  in  the  City  of  Syracuse.  Located  in  the  Southwest  
Corridor  of  the  City,  this  new  location  will  help  us  grow  our  
client  base  and  strengthen  our  business  as  we  seek  to  gain  
market share in Onondaga County. It also fulfills a strong need  
within one of the City’s underserved neighborhoods by providing  
access to community banking services. 

We recognize that this new branch comes at a time when many 
banks  are  abandoning  branches  in  favor  of  digital  banking.  
As  a  community  bank,  Pathfinder  knows  that  our  customers’  
value  access  to  in-market  lenders  who  live  and  work  in  their  
communities,  and  that  personal  touch  helps  us  grow  our  
referral  network  and  business.  We  also  understand  that  our  
customers  value  the  right  mix  of  both  convenient  in-person  
service  and  technology  designed  to  help  them  bank  when  and   
where  they  want.  Over  the  past  year,  we  have  continued  to 
invest in the  right technology to enhance the digital experience  
for our customers and we are committed to continuous improvement  
on this front. We continue to see strong growth in the utilization  
of  our  digital  banking  platform  and  have  made  significant  
enhancements  to  improve  efficiency  for  our  customers.  In  
addition,  we  have  continued  to  enhance  our  online  business 
banking capabilities, as we seek to help our business customers  
manage their deposit and treasury management needs. Looking  
ahead, we are committed to continually assessing and improving  
our digital platforms as a complement to the strength of our local 
branch network. 

 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW
2021

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒

☐

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

       TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

OR

For the transition period from _______ to _______
Commission File No. 001-36695

PATHFINDER BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

38-3941859
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

214 West First Street
Oswego, NY 13126

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (315) 343-0057

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Trading Symbol(s)
PBHC

Name of each exchange on which registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 
days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T 
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒   No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or emerging growth 
company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Emerging growth company

☐
☒
☐

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company

☐
☒

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  filed  a  report  on  and  attestation  to  its  management’s  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  its  internal  control  over 
financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. 
☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised 
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the last sale price on June 
30, 2021, as reported by the NASDAQ Capital Market ($15.97), was approximately $52.2 million.  

As of March 24, 2022, there were 4,603,187 shares outstanding of the Registrant’s voting common stock and 1,380,283 shares of the Registrant’s Series A nonvoting 
common stock

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:     Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of the Registrant (Part III). 
Auditor Location:  Pittsford, NY, United States
 Auditor Firm Id:  1884

Auditor Name:  Bonadio & Co., LLP

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2021
PATHFINDER BANCORP, INC.

PART I 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.

PART II 
Item 5.

Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A
Item 9B.

PART III 
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.

PART IV 
Item 15.
Item 16.

Business
Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosure

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities
Reserved
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary

Page

4
28
28
29
30
30

30

30
31
63
64
142
142
143

143
143
143
144
144

145
147

- 2 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

When  used  in  this  Annual  Report  the  words  or  phrases  “will  likely  result”,  “are  expected  to”,  “will  continue”,  “is  anticipated”, 
“estimate”, ”project” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties. Actual results and financial 
condition  may  differ,  possibly  materially,  from  the  anticipated  results  and  financial  condition  indicated  in  these  forward-looking 
statements. Important factors that could cause the Company’s actual results and financial condition to differ from those indicated in 
the forward-looking statements include, among others: 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Credit quality and the effect of credit quality on the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses;

Deterioration in financial markets that may result in impairment charges relating to our securities portfolio;

Competition in our primary market areas;

Changes in interest rates, inflation and national or regional economic conditions;

Changes in monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal 
Reserve Board;

Significant government regulations, legislation and potential changes thereto;

A  reduction  in  our  ability  to  generate  or  originate  revenue-producing  assets  as  a  result  of  compliance  with  heightened 
capital standards;

Increased  cost  of  operations  due  to  regulatory  oversight,  supervision  and  examination  of  banks  and  bank  holding 
companies, and higher deposit insurance premiums;

Cyberattacks,  computer  viruses  and  other  technological  threats  that  may  breach  the  security  of  our  websites  or  other 
systems;

Technological changes that may be more difficult or expensive than expected;

Limitations  on  our  ability  to  expand  consumer  product  and  service  offerings  due  to  consumer  protection  laws  and 
regulations; and

Other risks described herein and in the other reports and statements we file with the SEC.

A further progression of the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), and related economic disruptions that may be 
caused directly or indirectly as a result of new or resurgent outbreaks, could adversely impact a broad range of industries in which 
the Company’s customers operate and thereby impair their ability to fulfill their financial obligations to the Company.  The future 
duration  and  severity  of  any  business  or  economic  limitations  that  might  result  from  new  or  resurgent  outbreaks  cannot  be 
predicted with certainty.

The spread of new or resurgent outbreaks could cause significant disruptions in the U.S. economy and could potentially disrupt 
banking  and  other  financial  activity  in  the  areas  in  which  the  Company  operates  and  could  also  potentially  create  widespread 
business  continuity  issues  for  the  Company.    The  Company’s  business  is  dependent  upon  the  willingness  and  ability  of  its 
employees  and  customers  to  conduct  banking  and  other  financial  transactions.   The  Company  could  therefore  experience  a 
material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as a result of a new or resurgent 
outbreaks.

These  risks  and  uncertainties  should  be  considered  in  evaluating  forward-looking  statements  and  undue  reliance  should  not  be 
placed on such statements. Undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of 
the date made.  The factors listed above could affect the Company’s financial performance and could cause the Company’s actual 
results  for  future  periods  to  differ  materially  from  any  opinions  or  statements  expressed  with  respect  to  future  periods  in  any 
current statements.  Additionally, all statements in this document, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date 
that  they  are  made,  and  the  Company  undertakes  no  obligation  to  update  any  statement  in  light  of  new  information  or  future 
events. 

- 3 -

   
ITEM 1: BUSINESS

GENERAL

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") is a Maryland corporation incorporated in 2014 and headquartered in Oswego, New York. 
The primary business of the Company is its investment in Pathfinder Bank (the "Bank") which is 100% owned by the Company.  The 
Company is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve 
Board”).  Pathfinder Bank is a commercial bank chartered by the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “NYSDFS”).    

The  Company  owns  a  non-consolidated  Delaware  statutory  trust  subsidiary,  Pathfinder  Statutory  Trust  II,  of  which  100%  of  the 
common equity is owned by the Company.  Pathfinder Statutory Trust II was formed in connection with the issuance of $5.2 million 
in trust preferred securities.

At  December  31,  2021  and  2020,  5,983,467  and  4,531,383  shares  of  Company  common  stock  were  outstanding,  respectively.  The 
Company had -0- and 1,380,283 shares of Series B convertible perpetual preferred stock outstanding at December 31, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively.

Following shareholder approval obtained on June 4, 2021, the Company converted 1,380,283, or 100%, of its previously-outstanding 
shares of Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock to an equal number of newly-created Series A Non-Voting Common Stock.  
Neither  the  previously-issued  Series  B  Convertible  Perpetual  Preferred  Stock,  nor  the  newly-issued  Series  A  Non-Voting  Common 
Stock had, or will have, dividend or liquidation preference over the Company’s existing Voting Common Stock.  Holders of the new 
Series A Non-Voting Common Stock will be entitled to receive dividends, if and when declared by the Company’s Board of Directors, 
in the same per share amount as paid on the Company’s Voting Common Stock.

At December 31, 2021, the Company had total consolidated assets of $1.29 billion, total deposits of $1.06 billion and shareholders' 
equity of $110.3 million plus a noncontrolling interest of $346,000, which represents the 49% of the FitzGibbons Agency, LLC not 
owned by the Company. 

The Company's executive office is located at 214 West First Street, Oswego, New York and the telephone number at that address is 
(315) 343-0057.  Its internet address is www.pathfinderbank.com.  Information on our website is not and should not be considered to 
be a part of this report.

Pathfinder Bank

The  Bank  is  a  New  York-chartered  commercial  bank  and  its  deposit  accounts  are  insured  up  to  applicable  limits  by  the  Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) through the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”).  The Bank is subject to extensive regulation by 
the NYSDFS, as its chartering agency, and by the FDIC, as its deposit insurer and primary federal regulator.  The Bank is a member of 
the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”) and is also subject to certain regulations by the Federal Home Loan Bank 
System.  

The Bank is primarily engaged in the business of attracting deposits from the general public in the Bank's market area, and investing 
such  deposits,  together  with  other  sources  of  funds,  in  loans  secured  by  commercial  and  residential  real  estate,  and  commercial 
business and consumer assets other than real estate.  In addition, the Bank originates unsecured small business and consumer loans.  
The  Bank  also  invests  a  portion  of  its  assets  in  a  broad  range  of  debt  securities  issued  by  the  United  States  Government  and  its 
agencies and sponsored enterprises, state and municipal governments and agencies, and corporations. The Company also invests in 
mortgage-backed  securities  issued  or  guaranteed  by  United  States  Government  sponsored  enterprises,  collateralized  mortgage 
obligations  and  similar  debt  securities  issued  by  both  government  sponsored  entities  and  private  (non-governmental)  issuers,  and 
asset-backed securities that are generally issued by private entities.  The Company invests primarily in debt securities but will, within 
certain  regulatory  limits,  invest  from  time  to  time  in  mutual  funds  and  equity  securities.  The  Bank's  principal  sources  of  funds  are 
deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and investments, as well as borrowings from correspondent financial institutions.  
The  principal  source  of  the  Company’s  income  is  interest  on  loans  and  investment  securities.  The  Bank's  principal  expenses  are 
interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds, employee compensation and benefits, data processing and facilities.

The Bank also owns 100% of Whispering Oaks Development Corp. (“Whispering Oaks”), a New York corporation that is retained to 
operate or develop real estate-related projects.  At December 31, 2021, Whispering Oaks operated a small tenant-occupied commercial 
building that houses an ATM facility for the Bank, and, through a wholly-owned second-tier subsidiary, is the sole limited partner in 
an unconsolidated special-purpose real estate management partnership.  The partnership currently operates a low-income residential 
housing facility.  The activities of Whispering Oaks resulted in a pre-tax gain of $162,000 in 2021.  

- 4 -

Additionally,  the  Bank  owns  100%  of  Pathfinder  Risk  Management  Company,  Inc.,  which  was  established  to  record  the  51% 
controlling  interest  upon  the  December  2013  purchase  of  the  FitzGibbons  Agency,  an  Oswego  County  property,  casualty  and  life 
insurance  brokerage  business  with  approximately  $1.0  million  in  annual  revenues.    The  activities  of  Pathfinder  Risk  Management 
Company,  Inc.  resulted  in  pre-tax  income  of  $209,000  in  2021.    The  Company’s  51%  controlling  interest  in  this  entity  resulted  in 
income of $107,000 for the Company on a consolidated basis in 2021.

Human Capital Resources

Our Mission 

Our  Mission,  which  is  thoroughly  communicated  to  all  of  our  team  members,  is  “To  foster  relationships  with  individuals  and 
businesses within our communities to be the financial provider of choice.  Our goal is to continually enhance the value of the Bank for 
the benefit of our shareholders, customers, employees and communities.” Given the challenges that COVID-19 has introduced to our 
communities, this mission has become even more critical.

Our Values  

Our workplace culture is grounded in our customer and employee value proposition.  We have adopted a formally-stated set of Values, 
which are also engrained in our human capital resource management programs.  These Values state that we are:

Competent Professionals
Service-Driven

•
•
• A Family
•
Respectful
•
Compassionate
•
Proud
• Honest

Each of the Values, outlined above, are further defined in our internal communications, recognition programs, training programs and 
team-oriented activities.  

Human Capital

The success of our business is highly dependent on our team members, who provide value to our customers and communities through 
their dedication to our mission and values.  We define, exemplify and foster our culture by the Values listed above.  We value our 
team  members  by  investing  in  a  healthy  work-life  balance,  competitive  compensation  and  benefit  packages,  and  a  vibrant,  team-
oriented  environment  centered  on  professional  service  and  open  communication  amongst  team  members.  We  strive  to  build  and 
maintain a high-performing culture by creating a work environment that attracts and retains outstanding, engaged team members who 
embody our company mantra of “Local. Community. Trust.”

Demographics

At  December  31,  2021,  we  employed  173  team  members,  of  which  157  were  full-time,  14  were  part-time,  and  2  were  interns.   As 
COVID-19 restrictions were reduced and our lobbies opened back up to the public the need for temporary staff reduced. The 14 team 
members that were hired on a temporary basis related to COVID-19, were offered positions as Customer Service Representatives and 
were trained through our intensive two-week “teller training” program. Our staff is comprised of approximately 74% women.  

At  December  31,  2021,  approximately  43%  of  our  staff  was  employed  at  our  bank  branch  and  loan  production  offices,  with  the 
remainder of our team employed within all other functional areas, including our customer-facing electronic commerce and call center 
units.  None of these employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement and management considers its relationship with 
employees to be good.  During fiscal year 2021, we hired 22 employees, of which four were specifically hired, on a temporary basis, 
and two were interns.  Our voluntary turnover rates for the previous four years are as follows:

Year
2021
2020
2019

Voluntary Turnover %
24.2%
13.2%
18.8%

Diversity and Inclusion
An  inclusive  open-minded  community  that  engages  excellence  and  embraces  diversity  is  fundamental  to  supporting  the  Pathfinder 
Bank  vision  to  be  a  local  bank  that  the  community  trusts.  The  communities  in  which  we  serve  include  persons  of  various  race, 
ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical and cognitive ability, religion and political belief. We are 
committed to valuing and sharing the strength of our differences in a safe and positive environment.

- 5 -

 
 
 
 
Our primary goal is to attract and cultivate a dynamic and cultural sensitivity that exemplifies, promotes and celebrates diversity. This 
definition of diversity includes recognition and appreciation of the uniqueness of each individual. We seek to hire well-qualified team 
members who are, at least as importantly, a good fit for our value system.  Our selection and promotion processes are without bias and 
include the active recruitment of minorities and women. 

With a commitment to equality, inclusion and workplace diversity, we focus on understanding, accepting, and valuing the differences 
between  people.  To  accomplish  this,  we  continue  our  efforts  through  our  Diversity,  Equity  and  Inclusion  Committee  made  up  of 
several employee representatives from areas located throughout our market footprint. We collaborate with local business partners to 
better our understanding and position ourselves to improve and fulfill our commitment to diversity and inclusion. Our goal is to build 
and  leverage  a  diverse  and  inclusive  workforce  and  workplace  by  building  leadership  capability  and  organizational  capacity,  this 
requires all team members to do their part. Management must possess diversity and inclusion competencies to lead and manage an 
engaged workforce. All team members must treat their colleagues with respect by listening to different viewpoints, opinions, thoughts 
and ideas and embracing a culture of inclusion.

A commitment to diversity and inclusion is essential to reflecting the values of our team members and the society we serve today. It 
makes business sense because it helps us to attract and retain the best talent, it enables us to understand and meet clients' needs more 
effectively and so provide a better quality service. We continued our commitment to equal employment opportunity through a robust 
affirmative  action  plan,  which  includes  annual  compensation  analyses  and  ongoing  reviews  of  our  selection  and  hiring  practices 
alongside a continued focus on building and maintaining a diverse workforce.

For the year 2021, the population of our workforce was as follows:

Ethnicity

American Indian or Alaska Native
Asian
Black or African American
Hispanic or Latino
Two or more races (Not Hispanic or Latino)
White

Age Demographics

Total

Age Range
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
56-65
Over 65
Grand Total

Percentage of 
Workforce
0.6
2.3
0.6
1.2
1.2
94.1

%
%
%
%
%
%

34
42
41
18
32
6
173

Compensation and Benefits

We provide a competitive compensation and benefits program to help meet the needs of our team members. In addition to salaries, 
these  programs  include  annual  bonuses,  stock  awards,  a  401(k)  Plan  with  an  employer  matching  contribution  in  addition  to  an 
employer-paid annual contribution, healthcare and other insurance benefits, health savings, flexible spending accounts, paid time off, 
family leave, identity theft protection, telemedicine service, and an employee assistance program, including mental health services.

Learning and Development

We invest in the growth and development of our team members by providing a multi-dimensional approach to learning that empowers, 
intellectually grows, and professionally develops our colleagues. We encourage and support the growth and development of our team 
members and, wherever possible, seek to fill positions by promotion and transfer from within the organization. Continual learning and 
career  development  is  advanced  through  performance  and  development  conversations  between  team  members   and  their  managers, 
internally  developed  training  programs,  customized  corporate  training  engagements  and  educational  reimbursement  programs. 
Reimbursement is available to team members enrolled in pre-approved degree or certification programs at accredited institutions that 
teach skills or knowledge relevant to our business, in compliance with Section 127 of the Internal Revenue Code, and for seminars, 
conferences, and other training events team members attend in connection with their job duties.

- 6 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
Health and Safety

The  safety,  health  and  wellness  of  our  team  members  is  a  top  priority.  The  COVID-19  pandemic  continues  to  present  unique 
challenges with regard to maintaining employee safety while continuing successful operations. Through teamwork and the adaptability 
of our management and staff, we continue to be able to (1) effectively work from remote locations and (2) ensure a safely-distanced 
working environment for team members when physically present at each of our locations. We continue to maintain electronic self-
reporting  procedures  to  track,  on  a  daily  basis,  factors  that  would  call  for  additional  individual-specific  attention  related  to  the 
potential spread of COVID-19 within the Company.  All team members are asked not to come to work when they experience signs or 
symptoms  of  a  possible  COVID-19  illness  and  have  been  provided  additional  paid  time  off  to  cover  compensation  during  such 
absences. On an ongoing basis, we further promote the health and wellness of our team members by strongly encouraging work-life 
balance,  offering  flexible  work  schedules,  keeping  the  employee  portion  of  health  care  premiums  to  a  minimum  and  sponsoring 
various wellness programs.

Retention Efforts

Employee retention helps us operate efficiently and achieve one of our business objectives. We believe our commitment to living out 
our core values, actively prioritizing concern for our team members ’ well-being, supporting our team members ’ career goals, offering 
competitive wages and providing valuable fringe benefits aids in retention of our top-performing team members . In addition, nearly 
all of our team members are stockholders of the Company through participation in our Employee Stock Ownership Plan, which aligns 
employee and stockholder interests by providing stock ownership on a tax-deferred basis at no investment cost to our employees. At 
December 31, 2021, over 35% of our current staff had been with us for ten years or more.

MARKET AREA AND COMPETITION 

Market Area

We  provide  financial  services  to  individuals,  families,  small  to  mid-size  businesses  and  municipalities  through  our  seven  branch 
offices located in Oswego County, NY, three branch offices located in Onondaga County, NY and one limited purpose office located 
in  Oneida  County,  NY.    Our  primary  lending  market  area  includes  both  Oswego  and  Onondaga  Counties.    However,  our  primary 
deposit generating area is concentrated in Oswego County and in the areas surrounding our Onondaga County branches.

The  economies  of  Oswego  County  and  Onondaga  County  are  based  primarily  on  manufacturing,  energy  production,  heath  care, 
education,  and  government.    In  addition  to  financial  services,  the  broader  Central  New  York  market  has  a  more  diverse  array  of 
economic  sectors,  including  food  processing  production  and  transportation.  The  region  has  more  recently  also  developed  particular 
strength  in  the  commercialization  of  certain  emerging  technologies  such  as  bio-processing,  medical  devices,  aircraft  systems  and 
renewable energy. 

Based  on  recent  independent  market  survey  reports,  median  home  values  were  $172,700  in  Onondaga  County  and  $121,100  in 
Oswego County at the end of 2021.  Home values have shown only modest increases in recent years within the Syracuse, NY metro 
area, including Onondaga and Oswego Counties.  This modest increase in home values within the area followed a period in which 
home values within the area exhibited relative stability compared to many other areas of the country during the most recent economic 
recession that began in 2008.   

Competition

Pathfinder  Bank  encounters  strong  competition  both  in  attracting  deposits  and  in  originating  real  estate  and  other  loans.    Our  most 
direct  competition  for  deposits  and  loans  comes  from  commercial  banks,  savings  institutions  and  credit  unions  in  our  market  area, 
including  money-center  banks  such  as  JPMorgan  Chase  &  Co.  and  Bank  of  America,  regional  banks  such  as  M&T  Bank  and  Key 
Bank N. A., and community banks such as NBT Bank and Community Bank N.A., all of which have substantially greater total assets 
than  we  do.    Local  credit  unions,  some  of  which  also  have  more  assets  than  the  Company,  are  particularly  strong  competitors  for 
consumer  deposits  and  consumer  loans.    In  addition,  potential  new  competitors  may  be  emerging  that  are  generically  defined  as 
financial  technology  (also  referred  to  as  “FinTech”  or  “fintech”)  companies.  These  entities  seek  to  employ  new  technology  and 
various  forms  of  innovation  in  order  to  compete  with  traditional  methods  of  delivering  financial  services.  The  advanced  use  of 
smartphones  for  mobile  banking,  automated  investing  services  and  cryptocurrency  are  examples  of  such  technologies.  Financial 
technology companies consist of both well-capitalized startup entities, divisions of established financial institutions and/or established 
technology companies.  These entities seek to replace or supplement the financial services provided by established financial service 
entities,  such  as  the  Company.    Many  established  financial  institutions  are  now  implementing,  or  planning  to  implement,  various 
forms  of  fintech  solutions  and  technologies  in  order  to  broaden  their  product  and  service  offerings  and/or  to  gain  improved 
competitive positions in this emerging marketplace.  Some of these technologies either have been implemented to varying degrees by 
the Bank, or will be available to the Bank for future implementation through its network of service providers and computer system 

- 7 -

vendors.  It cannot be predicted with certainty at this time how effective these new competitors will be in our marketplace or what 
costs the Company will incur in the future to implement and maintain competitive technologies. 

Our primary focus is to build and develop profitable consumer and commercial customer relationships while maintaining our role as a 
community bank.  We compete for deposits by offering depositors a high level of personal service, a wide range of competitively-
priced financial services, and a well distributed network of branches, ATMs, and electronic banking. We compete for loans through 
our competitive pricing, our experienced and active loan officers, local knowledge of our market and local decision making, strong 
community support and involvement, and a highly reputable brand.  In the five years immediately preceding the onset of the COVID-
19  pandemic  in  the  first  quarter  of  2020,  overall  economic  activity  in  the  local  marketplace  and,  more  specifically,  demand  for 
commercial and residential loans grew significantly. This growth in overall loan demand in our market area also attracted increased 
competition from financial institutions for those loans. Additionally, some of our competitors offer products and services that we do 
not offer, such as trust services and private banking.  

As of June 30, 2021, based on the most recently-available FDIC data, we had the largest market share in Oswego County, representing 
45.0% of all deposits, and we additionally held 1.9% of all deposits in Onondaga County.  In addition, when combining both Oswego 
and Onondaga Counties, we have the fifth largest market share of twenty one institutions, representing 6.8% of the total market.  

LENDING ACTIVITIES

General 

Our  primary  lending  activities  are  originating  commercial  real  estate  and  commercial  loans,  the  vast  majority  of  which  have 
periodically adjustable rates of interest, and one-to-four family residential real estate loans, the majority of which have fixed rates of 
interest.  Our loan portfolio also includes municipal loans, home equity loans and lines and consumer loans.  In order to diversify our 
loan  portfolio,  increase  our  revenues,  and  make  our  loan  portfolio  less  interest  rate  sensitive,  the  Company  has  actively  sought  to 
increase its commercial real estate and commercial business lending activities, consistent with safe and sound underwriting practices. 
Accordingly, we offer adjustable-rate commercial mortgage loans and floating rate commercial loans and lines of credit.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

Over the past several years, we have focused on originating commercial real estate loans, and we believe that commercial real estate 
loans will continue to provide growth opportunities for us.  We expect to increase, subject to our underwriting standards and market 
conditions,  this  business  line  in  the  future  with  a  target  loan  size  of  $500,000  to  $2.0  million  to  small  businesses  and  real  estate 
projects  in  our  market  area.  Commercial  real  estate  loans  are  secured  by  properties  such  as  multi-family  residential,  office,  retail, 
warehouse and owner-occupied commercial properties.  

Our commercial real estate underwriting policies provide that such real estate loans are typically made in amounts up to 80% of the 
appraised value of the property.  Commercial real estate loans are offered with interest rates that are generally fixed for up to three or 
five  years  then  are  adjustable  based  on  the  FHLBNY  advance  rate.  Contractual  maturities  generally  do  not  exceed  20  years.    In 
reaching a decision whether to make a commercial real estate loan, we consider market conditions, operating trends, net cash flows of 
the property, the borrower’s expertise and credit history, and the appraised value of the underlying property. We will also consider the 
terms and  conditions  of the leases and  the  stability  of the tenant base.   We generally  require  that  the properties securing these  real 
estate loans have debt service coverage ratios (the ratio of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization divided by 
interest expense and current maturities of long term debt) of at least 120%.  Environmental due diligence is generally conducted for 
commercial real estate loans.  Typically, commercial real estate loans made to corporations, partnerships and other business entities 
require personal guarantees by the owners of 20% or more of the borrowing entity. 

A commercial real estate borrower’s financial condition is monitored on an ongoing basis by requiring current financial statements, 
rent rolls, payment history reviews, property inspections and periodic face-to-face meetings with the borrower.  We generally require 
borrowers with aggregate outstanding balances exceeding $100,000 to provide annual updated financial statements and/or federal tax 
returns.  These requirements also apply to all guarantors on these loans.

Loans secured by commercial real estate generally have greater credit risk than one-to-four family residential real estate loans.  The 
increased  credit  risk  associated  with  commercial  real  estate  loans  is  a  result  of  several  factors,  including  larger  loan  balances 
concentrated with a limited number of borrowers, the impact of local and general economic conditions on the borrower’s ability to 
repay  the  loan.    Furthermore,  the  repayment  of  loans  secured  by  commercial  real  estate  properties  typically  depends  upon  the 
successful operation of the real property securing the loan.  If the cash flows from the property are reduced, the borrower’s ability to 
repay the loan may be impaired.  However, commercial real estate loans generally have higher interest rates than loans secured by 
one-to-four family residential real estate.

- 8 -

Commercial Loans 

We  typically  originate  commercial  loans,  including  commercial  term  loans  and  commercial  lines  of  credit,  on  the  basis  of  a 
borrower’s  ability  to  make  repayment  from  the  cash  flows  of  the  borrower’s  business,  conversion  of  current  assets  in  the  normal 
course of business (for seasonal working capital lines), the industry and market in which they operate, experience and stability of the 
borrower’s management team, earnings projections and the underlying assumptions, and the value and marketability of any collateral 
securing  the  loan.    As  a  result,  the  availability  of  funds  for  the  repayment  of  commercial  loans  and  commercial  lines  of  credit  is 
substantially dependent on the success of the business itself and the general economic environment in our market area.  Therefore, 
commercial  loans  and  commercial  lines  of  credit  that  we  originate  have  greater  credit  risk  than  one-to-four  family  residential  real 
estate loans.  

Commercial  term  loans  are  typically  secured  by  equipment,  furniture  and  fixtures,  inventory,  accounts  receivable  or  other  business 
assets,  or,  in  some  circumstances,  such  loans  may  be  unsecured.    From  time  to  time,  we  also  originate  commercial  loans  that  are 
guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”) or United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) loan 
programs.  Over the past several years, we have focused on increasing our commercial lending and our business strategy is to continue 
to  increase  our  originations  of  commercial  loans  to  small  businesses  in  our  market  area,  subject  to  our  underwriting  standards  and 
market  conditions.    Our  commercial  loans  are  generally  comprised  of  adjustable-rate  loans,  indexed  to  the  prime  rate,  with  terms 
consisting of three to seven years, depending on the needs of the borrower and the useful life of the underlying collateral.  We make 
commercial loans to businesses operating in our market area for purchasing equipment, property improvements, business expansion or 
working  capital.    If  a  commercial  loan  is  secured  by  equipment,  the  maturity  of  a  term  loan  will  depend  on  the  useful  life  of  the 
equipment purchased, the source of repayment for the loan and the purpose of the loan.  We generally obtain personal guarantees on 
our commercial loans.

The Bank also participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), a specialized low-interest loan program funded by the U.S. 
Treasury  Department  and  administered  by  the  U.S.  Small  Business  Administration (“SBA”)  pursuant  to  the  CARES  Act  and 
subsequent legislation.  PPP loans have an interest rate of 1.0% and a two-year or five-year loan term to maturity. The SBA guarantees 
100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers.  The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, including any accrued 
interest, is eligible to be reduced by the loan forgiveness amount under the PPP so long as employee and compensation levels of the 
business  are  maintained  and  the  loan  proceeds  are  used  for  qualifying  expenses.  The  Paycheck  Protection  Program  ended  in  May 
2021.  Through December 31, 2021, the Bank received approval from the SBA for 1,177 loans totaling approximately $111.7 million 
through this program. The Bank is now also assisting borrowers with the loan forgiveness phase of the process. As of this filing, the 
Company has submitted 932 loans totaling approximately $92.3 million to the SBA for forgiveness, with 256 totaling $19.3 million 
remaining.

Our commercial lines of credit are typically adjustable rate lines, indexed to the prime interest rate.  Generally, our commercial lines 
of credit are secured by business assets or other collateral, and generally payable on-demand pursuant to an annual review.  Since the 
commercial lines of credit may expire without being drawn upon, the total committed amounts do not necessarily represent future cash 
requirements.

Residential Real Estate Loans

As  noted  above,  we  have  shifted  our  primary  lending  focus  in  recent  years  towards  originating  more  commercial  real  estate  and 
commercial loans.  However, we have retained our significant presence in the local marketplace for lending activities concentrated on 
originating one-to-four family, owner-occupied residential mortgage loans.  Substantially all of these loans are secured by properties 
located in our market area.  

We currently offer one-to-four family residential real estate loans with terms up to 30 years that are generally underwritten according 
to  Federal  National  Mortgage  Association  (“Fannie  Mae”)  guidelines,  and  we  refer  to  loans  that  conform  to  such  guidelines  as 
“conforming  loans.”    We  generally  originate  both  fixed-rate  and  adjustable-rate  mortgage  loans  in  amounts  up  to  the  maximum 
conforming  loan  limits  as  established  by  the  Federal  Housing  Finance  Agency,  which  as  of  December  31,  2021,  was  generally 
$548,250 for single-family homes in our market area. 

Conforming loans are generally saleable at management’s discretion, we hold our one-to-four family residential real estate loans in 
our portfolio but do sell mortgages into the secondary market, at management’s discretion, as a source of liquidity or as a means of 
managing interest-rate risk.  Such loan sales were conducted on a limited basis prior to 2020 and to a substantially more significant 
degree in 2020 and 2021.  The increase in residential mortgage sales in 2020 and 2021 was directly related to significant increases in 
the  volume  of  20-  and  30-year  mortgage  loans  originated  by  the  Bank  in  those  years.    This  increase  in  originated  volume  was 
primarily  due  to  increased  customer  demand  for  mortgage  loans  resulting  from  declines  in  mortgage  interest  rates.  A  significant 
portion of our retained loan portfolio consists of fixed-rate one-to-four family residential real estate loans with terms in excess of 15 
years.    We  also  originate  one-to-four  family  residential  real  estate  loans  secured  by  non-owner  occupied  properties.  However,  we 
generally do not make loans in excess of 80% loan-to-value on non-owner occupied properties.

- 9 -

For  most  owner-occupied  one-to-four  family  residential  real  estate  loans  with  loan-to-value  ratios  of  between  80%  and  95%,  we 
require the borrower to obtain private mortgage insurance (“PMI”).   Our lending policies limit the maximum loan-to-value ratio on 
both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate owner-occupied mortgage loans to 80% of the appraised value of the collateralized property, with 
the exception of a limited use product which allows for loans up to 90% with no PMI.  For first mortgage loan products, we require 
the borrower to obtain title insurance. We also require homeowners’ insurance, fire and casualty, and, if necessary, flood insurance on 
properties securing real estate loans.  We do not, and have never offered or invested in, one-to-four family residential real estate loans 
specifically  designed  for  borrowers  with  sub-prime  credit  scores,  including  interest-only,  negative  amortization  or  payment  option 
adjustable-rate mortgage loans.

Our fixed-rate one-to-four family residential real estate loans include loans that generally amortize on a monthly basis over periods 
between 10 to 30 years.  Fixed-rate one-to-four family residential real estate loans often remain outstanding for significantly shorter 
periods than their contractual terms because borrowers have the right to refinance or prepay their loans. 

Our adjustable-rate one-to-four family residential real estate loans generally consist of loans with initial interest rates fixed for one, 
three,  or  five  years,  and  annual  adjustments  thereafter  are  indexed  based  on  changes  in  the  one-year  United  States  Treasury  bill 
constant  maturity  rate.    Our  adjustable-rate  mortgage  loans  generally  have  an  interest  rate  adjustment  limit  of  200  basis  points  per 
adjustment, with a maximum lifetime interest rate adjustment limit of 600 basis points.  In the current low interest rate environment, 
we have not originated a significant amount of adjustable-rate mortgage loans. Although adjustable-rate one-to-four family residential 
real estate loans may reduce, to an extent, our vulnerability to changes in market interest rates because they periodically re-price, as 
interest rates increase the required payments due from a borrower also increase (subject to rate caps), thereby increasing the potential 
for default by the borrower.  At the same time, the ability of the borrower to repay the loan and the marketability of the underlying 
collateral may be adversely affected by higher interest rates.  Upward adjustments of the contractual interest rate are also limited by 
our maximum periodic and lifetime rate adjustments.

Residential Construction Loans

Our one-to-four family residential real estate loan portfolio also includes residential constructions loans.  Our residential construction 
loans  generally  have  initial  terms  of  up  to  six  months,  subject  to  extension,  during  which  the  borrower  pays  interest  only.   Upon 
completion of construction, these loans typically convert to permanent loans secured by the completed residential real estate.   Our 
construction loans generally have rates and terms comparable to residential real estate loans that we originate.  

Tax-exempt Loans

We  make  loans  to  local  governments  and  municipalities  for  either  tax  anticipation  or  for  small  expenditure  projects,  including 
equipment  acquisitions  and  construction  projects.    Our  municipal  loans  are  generally  fixed  for  a  term  of  one  year  or  less,  and  are 
generally unsecured.  Interest earned on municipal loans is tax exempt for federal tax purposes, which enhances the overall yield on 
each loan.  Generally, the municipality will have a deposit relationship with us along with the lending relationship.

We also make tax-exempt loans to commercial borrowers based on obligations issued by a state or local authority to provide economic 
development such as the state dormitory authority.

Home Equity Loans and Junior Liens

Home equity loans and junior liens are made up of lines of credit secured by owner-occupied and non-owner occupied one-to-four 
family residences and second and third real estate mortgage loans. Home equity loans and home equity lines of credit are generally 
underwritten using the same criteria that we use to underwrite one-to-four family residential mortgage loans.  We typically originate 
home equity loans and home equity lines of credit on the basis of the applicant's credit history, an assessment of the applicant's ability 
to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan, and the value of the collateral securing the loan.  Home equity loans 
are offered with fixed interest rates.  Lines of credit are offered with adjustable rates, which are indexed to the prime rate, and with a 
draw period of up to 10 years and a payback period of up to 20 years.  The loan-to-value ratio for our home equity loans is generally 
limited  to  80%  when  combined  with  the  first  security  lien,  if  applicable.   The  loan  to  value  of  our  home  equity  lines  of  credit  is 
generally limited to 80%, unless the Bank holds the first mortgage.  If we hold the first mortgage, we will permit a loan to value of up 
to 90%, and we adjust the interest rate and underwriting standards to compensate for the additional risk.

For all first lien position mortgage loans, we use outside independent appraisers.  For second position mortgage loans where we also 
hold  the  existing  first  mortgage,  we  will  use  the  lesser  of  the  existing  appraisal  amount  used  in  underwriting  the  first  mortgage  or 
assessed value.  For all other second mortgage loans, we will use a third-party service which gathers all data from real property tax 
offices and gives the property a low, middle and high value, together with similar properties for comparison.  The middle value from 
the third-party service will be the value used in underwriting the loan. If the valuation method for the loan amount requested does not 
provide a value, or the value is not sufficient to support the loan request and it is determined that the borrower(s) are credit worthy, a 
full appraisal may be ordered. 

- 10 -

Home equity loans and junior liens secured by junior mortgages have greater risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans 
secured  by  first  mortgages.    We  face  the  risk  that  the  collateral  will  be  insufficient  to  compensate  us  for  loan  losses  and  costs  of 
foreclosure, after repayment of the senior mortgages, if applicable. When customers default on their loans, we attempt to work out the 
relationship in order to avoid foreclosure because the value of the collateral may not be sufficient to compensate us for the amount of 
the unpaid loan and we may be unsuccessful in recovering the remaining balance from those customers. Moreover, decreases in real 
estate values could adversely affect our ability to fully recover the loan balance in the event of a default. 

Consumer Loans

We are authorized to make loans for a variety of personal and consumer purposes and our consumer loan portfolio consists primarily 
of automobile, recreational vehicles and unsecured personal loans, as well as unsecured lines of credit and loans secured by deposit 
accounts.  Our procedure for underwriting consumer loans includes an assessment of the applicant’s credit history and ability to meet 
existing obligations and payments for the proposed loan, as well as an evaluation of the value of the collateral security, if any.  

Consumer loans generally entail greater credit-related risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case 
of loans that are unsecured or are secured by assets that tend to depreciate in value, such as automobiles. As a result, consumer loan 
collections are primarily dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability and thus are more likely to be adversely affected 
by  job  loss,  divorce,  illness  or  personal  bankruptcy.    In  these  cases,  repossessed  collateral  for  a  defaulted  consumer  loan  may  not 
provide an adequate source of repayment for the outstanding loan, and the remaining value often does not warrant further substantial 
collection efforts against the borrower. 

The Company will invest from time to time in pools of collateralized consumer loans originated and serviced by financial institutions 
operating outside of the Company’s primary market area.  Third party-originated consumer loan pools are generally acquired primarily 
when,  in  the  view  of  management,  they  offer  superior  risk  vs.  return  characteristics  to  debt  securities.  Such  pools  will,  in  some 
instances,  have  projected  economic  advantages  in  terms  of  yield  and/or  other  portfolio  characteristics,  such  as  interest  rate  risk 
sensitivity,  superior  to  debt  securities  that  would  otherwise  be  purchased  and  are  acquired  to  increase  the  overall  performance 
characteristics of the Company’s interest earning-asset portfolios viewed as a whole.  Loans acquired through these transactions are 
required  by  the  Company’s  internal  policies  to  be  underwritten  to  standards  that  are  consistent  with  those  of  the  Company’s  own 
underwriting  guidelines  and  internal  practices.    Pre-purchase  due  diligence  is  performed  that  includes  a  thorough  review  of  the 
originating  institution’s  regulatory  compliance  procedures,  underwriting  practices  and  individual  loan  documentation.    Since  these 
pools are subject to borrower credit default and are collateralized by out-of-market assets, the Company relies on the best efforts of the 
originating institution, acting as the loans’ servicer, to collect on the loans within the pool and to mitigate losses due to such defaults.  
Such mitigation efforts include the orderly and timely liquidation of loan collateral, as necessary.  Accordingly, such loan pools have 
both  the  credit  risk  typically  associated  with  consumer  loans  and  servicer  risk  components  that  are  carefully  monitored  by  the 
Company on an ongoing basis.

Loan Originations, Purchases, Sales and Servicing

We benefit from a number of sources for our loan originations, including real estate broker referrals, existing customers, borrowers, 
builders,  attorneys,  and  “walk-in”  customers.  Our  loan  origination  activity  may  be  affected  adversely  by  a  rising  interest  rate 
environment  which  may  result  in  decreased  loan  demand.   Other  factors,  such  as  the  overall  health  of  the  local  economy  and 
competition  from  other  financial  institutions,  can  also  impact  our  loan  originations.    Although  we  originate  both  fixed-rate  and 
adjustable-rate  loans,  our  ability  to  generate  each  type  of  loan  depends  upon  borrower  demand,  market  interest  rates,  borrower 
preference for fixed-rate versus adjustable-rate loans, and the interest rates offered on each type of loan by other lenders in our market 
area.  These lenders include commercial banks, savings institutions, credit unions, and mortgage banking companies that also actively 
compete for local real estate loans. Accordingly, the volume of loan originations may vary from period to period. 

The majority of the fixed rate residential loans that are originated each year meet the underwriting guidelines established by Fannie 
Mae. While infrequent, in the past, we have sold residential mortgage loans in the secondary market, and we may do so in the future, 
although we continue to service loans once they are sold. 

From  time  to  time,  although  infrequent,  we  may  purchase  commercial  real  estate  loan  participations  in  which  we  are  not  the  lead 
lender.  In  these  circumstances,  we  follow  our  customary  loan  underwriting  and  approval  policies.  We  also  have  participated  out 
portions of commercial and commercial real estate loans that exceeded our loans-to-one borrower legal lending limit and for purposes 
of risk diversification.  

In  recent  years,  the  Bank  has  purchased  broadly-diversified  pools  of  essentially  homogenous  loans  from  originators  outside  of  the 
Bank’s market area.  These originators generally specialize in loan types, such as consumer loans, other than those loan types that the 
Bank  specializes  in.   These  loans,  which  are  generally  relatively  short  in  duration,  are  acquired  to  provide  supplementary  interest 
income  as  well  as  to  provide  improvements  to  the  Bank’s  overall  asset/liability  mix,  particularly  with  respect  to  interest  rate 
risk.  Third party-originated loan pools are acquired primarily when, in the view of management, they offer superior risk vs. return 

- 11 -

characteristics to debt securities.  Such loans are generally acquired through the facilitation of third-party brokerages and are serviced 
in  perpetuity  by  the  originating  entries  or  their  designees.  Funding  for  loan  purchases  of  this  type  is  generally  obtained  through 
incremental usage of brokered deposits and/or other forms of borrowed funds.  The Bank intends to purchase similar pools of loans on 
an occasional basis in the future if and when management believes that it is economically advantageous to do so.

At  December  31,  2021  the  Bank  held  fifteen  pools  of  loans  originated  by  eleven  unaffiliated  third-party  lenders  with  an  aggregate 
amortized historical cost of $128.5 million. Of this total, $92.2 million in aggregate amortized historical cost relates to six loan pools 
acquired either in the fourth quarter of 2020 or during 2021, $34.8 million in aggregate amortized historical cost relates to seven loan 
pools  acquired  in  2019,  and  $1.5  million  in  aggregate  amortized  historical  cost  relates  to  two  loan  pools  acquired  prior  to  2019. 
Purchased loans have certain credit risk profiles distinct from those of the Bank’s self-originated portfolio, most especially the portion 
of the purchased loans that are classified as unsecured consumer loans.  At December 31, 2021, the Bank held $44.1 million (three 
pools),  $8.8  million  (three  pools),  $8.4  million  (one  pool),  and  $4.1  million  (one  pool),  in  purchased  pooled  loans  secured  by 
consumer installment contracts, automobiles, home equity lines of credit and residential real estate, respectively. The Bank also held 
$16.4 million (two pools) in purchased secured commercial lines of credit.  In addition, the Bank held $42.8 million (four pools) in 
purchased unsecured consumer loans and $3.9 million (one pool) in commercial installment loans at December 31, 2021.  The loans 
within  these  pools  have  performed  substantially  as  anticipated  since  their  acquisition  dates  and,  in  many  cases,  have  contractually-
specified  credit  enhancement  provisions  provided  by  the  Sellers  that  continue  to  reduce  the  Bank’s  realized  and  potential  credit 
exposures with respect to these loan pools.  Nonperforming and delinquent loans within these loan pools are reported on an aggregate 
basis as components of the Bank’s overall loan performance statistics at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. 

The  purchased  pools  of  loans  were  subject  to  prepurchase  analyses  led  by  a  team  of  the  Bank’s  senior  executives  and  credit 
analysts.   In  each  case,  the  Bank’s  analytical  processes  considered  the  types  of  loans  being  evaluated,  the  underwriting  criteria 
employed  by  the  originating  entity,  the  historical  performance  of  such  loans,  especially  in  the  most  recent  deeply  recessionary 
environments,  the  collateral  enhancements  and  other  credit  loss  mitigation  factors  offered  by  the  seller  and  the  capabilities  and 
financial stability of the servicing entities involved.  In the view of management, from a credit risk perspective, these loan pools also 
benefit from broad diversification, including wide geographic dispersion, the readily-verifiable historical performance of similar loans 
issued  by  the  originators,  as  well  as  the  overall  experience  and  skill  of  the  underwriters  and  servicing  entities  involved  as 
counterparties  to  the  Bank  in  these  transactions.   In  addition,  these  loan  pools  generally  have  significant  underlying  loan  collateral 
and/or one or more of the following forms of credit enhancement: (1) contractual rights of loan substitution in the event of individual 
loan  defaults,  (2)  retention  of  a  portion  of  the  principal  amount  of  each  loan  by  the  seller,  or  (3)  contractually-specified  credit 
enhancement reserves accumulated from the collected cash flows generated by borrowers’ repayment activities in excess of those cash 
flows due to the Bank. Management believes that the substantial level of diversification within these loan pools and the presence of 
other  mitigation  factors,  specific  to  each  of  the  acquired  pools  in  varying  degrees,  provides  significant  overall  reduction  of  the 
potential credit risks inherent in these purchases.  The performance of all purchased loan pools are monitored regularly from detailed 
reports and remittance reconciliations provided at least monthly by the servicing entities.                

Loan Approval Procedures and Authority

The Bank’s lending activities follow written, non-discriminatory underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established 
by management and the board of directors.  Our policies are designed to provide loan officers with guidelines on acceptable levels of 
risk,  given  a  broad  range  of  factors.    The  loan  approval  process  is  intended  to  assess  the  borrower’s  ability  to  repay  the  loan,  the 
viability of the loan and the adequacy of the value of the collateral that will secure the loan, if applicable. 

The board of directors grants loan officers individual lending authority to approve extensions of credit.  The level of authority for loan 
officers  varies  based  upon  the  loan  type,  total  relationship,  form  of  collateral  and  risk  rating  of  the  borrower.  Each  loan  officer  is 
charged  with  the  responsibility  of  achieving  high  credit  standards.    Individual  lending  authority  can  be  increased,  suspended  or 
removed by the board of directors, as recommended by the President or Executive Vice President and Chief Banking Officer. 

If a loan is in excess of any individual loan officer’s lending authority, the extension of credit must be referred to the Officer Loan 
Committee (“OLC”).  The OLC is comprised of the President (serving as chairman), the Executive Vice President and Chief Banking 
Officer  (serving  as  chair  in  the  absence  of  the  President),  the  Executive  Vice  President,  Chief  Operating  Officer,  as  well  as  other 
members of the management team and retail and commercial lenders as may be appointed by the President. The OLC has authority to 
approve all commercial loans, and one-to-four family residential real estate loans where the total related credit is $1.2 million or less 
which are not within the lenders’ individual authority.  In addition, the OLC may approve all municipal loans, where the total related 
credit is $2.5 million or less, and the individual loan amount is $2.5 million or less for rated municipal loans, and $1.5 million for 
unrated credits. The OLC has the authority to approve all consumer loans where the total related credit is $2.5 million or less and the 
individual  loan  amount  is  $200,000  for  unsecured  loans  or  $750,000  for  secured  loans.  The  Executive  Loan  Committee,  which 
consists of members of the Bank’s board of directors, must approve all extensions of credit in excess of the limits for the OLC and 
lenders individual authority.

- 12 -

Loans to One Borrower

Under  New  York  law,  New  York  commercial  banks  are  subject  to  loans-to-one  borrower  limits,  which  are  substantially  similar  as 
those applicable to national banks, which generally restrict loans to one borrower to an amount equal to 15% of unimpaired capital and 
unimpaired surplus, which was $19.7 million at December 31, 2021, on an unsecured basis, and an additional amount equal to 10% of 
unimpaired  capital  and  unimpaired  surplus,  which  was  $13.1  million  at  December  31,  2021,  if  the  loan  is  secured  by  readily 
marketable collateral (generally, financial instruments and bullion, but not real estate), subject to exceptions.  

Additionally, our internal loan policies limit the total related credit to be extended to any one borrower (after application of the rules 
of  attribution),  with  respect  to  any  and  all  loans  with  the  Bank  to  10%  of  tier  1  and  2  capital,  subject  to  certain  exceptions.    The 
indebtedness includes all credit exposure whether direct or contingent, used or unused. 

ASSET QUALITY

Loan Delinquencies and Collection Procedures

When a loan becomes delinquent, we make attempts to contact the borrower to determine the cause of the delayed payments and seek 
a solution to permit the loan to be brought current within a reasonable period of time.  The outcome can vary with each individual 
borrower.  In the case of mortgage loans and consumer loans, a late notice is sent 15 days after an account becomes delinquent.  If 
delinquency persists, notices are sent at the 30 day delinquency mark, the 45 day delinquency mark and the 60 day delinquency mark.  
We also attempt to establish telephone contact with the borrower early on in the process.  In the case of residential mortgage loans, 
included  in  every  late  notice  is  a  letter  that  includes  information  regarding  home-ownership  counseling.    As  part  of  a  workout 
agreement, we will accept partial payments during the month in order to bring the account current.  If attempts to reach an agreement 
are  unsuccessful  and  the  customer  is  unable  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  the  workout  agreement,  we  will  review  the  account  to 
determine if foreclosure is warranted, in which case, consistent with New York law, we send a 90 day notice of foreclosure and then a 
30 day notice before legal proceedings are commenced. A consumer final demand letter is sent in the case of a consumer loan.  In the 
case  of  commercial  loans  and  commercial  mortgage  loans,  we  follow  a  similar  notification  practice  with  the  exception  of  the 
previously  mentioned  information  on  home-ownership  counseling.    In  addition,  commercial  loans  do  not  require  90  day  notices  of 
foreclosure.  Generally, commercial borrowers only receive 10 day notices before legal proceedings can be commenced.  Commercial 
loans  may  experience  longer  workout  times  that  may  trigger  a  need  for  a  loan  modification  that  could  meet  the  requirements  of  a 
troubled debt restructured loan.

Impaired Loans, Non-performing Loans and Troubled Debt Restructurings

The policy of the Bank is to provide a continuous assessment of the quality of its loan portfolio through the maintenance of an internal 
and  external  loan  review  process.  The  process  incorporates  a  loan  risk  grading  system  designed  to  recognize  degrees  of  risk  on 
individual commercial and mortgage loans in the portfolio. Management is responsible for monitoring of asset quality and risk grade 
designations, which are communicated to the board on a regular basis. 

We generally cease accruing interest on our loans when contractual payments of principal or interest have become 90 days past due or 
management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing.  A 
loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured.  When a loan is placed 
on  non-accrual  status,  unpaid  interest  credited  to  income  is  reversed.    Interest  received  on  non-accrual  loans  generally  is  applied 
against  principal  or  interest  if  it  is  recognized  on  the  cash  basis  method.  Generally,  loans  are  restored  to  accrual  status  when  the 
obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time, generally for a 
minimum of six months, and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt.  

Our  Allowance  for  Loan  and  Lease  Losses  policy  (“ALLL”)  establishes  criteria  for  selecting  loans  to  be  measured  for  impairment 
based on the following:

Residential and Consumer Loans: 

•

•

All  loans  rated  substandard  or  worse,  on  nonaccrual,  and  above  our  total  related  credit  (“TRC”)  threshold  balance  of 
$300,000. 

All Troubled Debt Restructured Loans 

Commercial Lines and Loans, Commercial Real Estate and Tax-exempt loans: 

•

•

All loans rated substandard or worse, on nonaccrual, and above our TRC threshold balance of $100,000.

All Troubled Debt Restructured Loans  

- 13 -

Impairment  is  measured  by  determining  the  present  value  of  expected  future  cash  flows  or,  for  collateral-dependent  loans,  the  fair 
value of the collateral adjusted for market conditions and selling expenses as compared to the loan carrying value.

Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”)

TDRs are loan restructurings in which we, for economic or legal reasons related to an existing borrower’s financial difficulties, grant a 
concession  to  the  debtor  that  we  would  not  otherwise  consider.  Typically,  a  troubled  debt  restructuring  involves  a  modification  of 
terms of debt, such as reduction of the stated interest rate for the remaining original life of the debt, extension of the maturity date at a 
stated  interest  rate  lower  than  the  current  market  rate  for  new  debt  with  similar  risk,  reduction  of  the  face  amount  of  the  debt,  or 
reduction of accrued interest.  We consider modifications only after analyzing the borrower’s current repayment capacity, evaluating 
the strength of any guarantors based on documented current financial information, and assessing the current value of any collateral 
pledged.  These modifications are made only when there is a reasonable and attainable workout plan that has been agreed to by the 
borrower  and  that  is  in  our  best  interests.    Some  examples  of  residential  TDRs  include  restructures  encouraged  by  the  Federal 
Government’s HAMP and HARP Programs, in which we have participated.

Loans on non-accrual status at the date of modification are initially classified as non-accrual troubled debt restructurings.  Our policy 
provides that troubled debt restructured loans are returned to accrual status after a period of satisfactory and reasonable future payment 
performance under the terms of the restructuring.  Satisfactory payment performance is generally no less than six consecutive months 
of timely payments and demonstrated ability to continue to repay. 

Pursuant  to  the  CARES  Act  and  subsequent  legislation,  financial  institutions  have  the  option  to  temporarily  suspend  certain 
requirements under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles related to troubled debt restructurings for a limited period of time to 
account for the effects of COVID-19. This provision allows a financial institution the option to not apply the guidance on accounting 
for troubled debt restructurings to loan modifications, such as extensions or deferrals, related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 
2020 and the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency. The relief can only be 
applied to modifications for borrowers that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The Bank elected to adopt 
these provisions of the CARES Act.

Foreclosed real estate

Fair values for foreclosed real estate are initially recorded based on market value evaluations by third parties, less costs to sell (“initial 
cost basis”).  Any write-downs required when the related loan receivable is exchanged for the underlying real estate collateral at the 
time of transfer to foreclosed real estate are charged to the allowance for loan losses.  Values are derived from appraisals of underlying 
collateral or discounted cash flow analysis.  Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are updated periodically and assets are marked to 
current fair value, not to exceed the initial cost basis.  In the determination of fair value subsequent to foreclosure, management also 
considers other factors or recent developments, such as, changes in absorption rates and market conditions from the time of valuation, 
and anticipated sales values considering management’s plans for disposition.  Either change could result in adjustment to lower the 
property value estimates indicated in the appraisals.

Loan  delinquencies  together  with  properties  within  our  Foreclosed  Real  Estate  portfolio  are  reviewed  monthly  by  the  board  of 
directors.

Classified Assets

Federal regulations provide for the classification of loans and other assets, such as debt and equity securities considered by the FDIC 
to be of lesser quality, as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss.”  An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by 
the  current  net  worth  and  paying  capacity  of  the  obligor  or  of  the  collateral  pledged,  if  any.    “Substandard”  assets  include  those 
characterized  by  the  “distinct  possibility”  that  the  insured  institution  will  sustain  “some  loss”  if  the  deficiencies  are  not  corrected.  
Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard,” with the added characteristic that 
the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly 
questionable  and  improbable.”    Assets  classified  as  “loss”  are  those  considered  “uncollectible”  and  of  such  little  value  that  their 
continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific allowance for loan losses is not warranted.  Assets that do not currently 
expose  the  insured  institution  to  sufficient  risk  to  warrant  classification  in  one  of  the  aforementioned  categories  but  possess 
weaknesses are designated as “special mention” by our management.

When  an  insured  institution  classifies  problem  assets  as  either  substandard  or  doubtful,  it  may  establish  general  allowances  in  an 
amount  deemed  prudent  by  management  to  cover  losses  that  are  both  probable  and  reasonable  to  estimate.    General  allowances 
represent allowances which have been established to cover accrued losses associated with lending activities that are both probable and 
reasonable to estimate, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular problem assets.  When an insured 
institution classifies problem assets as “loss,” it is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to 100% of that 
portion of the asset so classified or to charge-off such amount.  An institution’s determination as to the classification of its assets and 

- 14 -

the  amount  of  its  valuation  allowances  is  subject  to  review  by  the  regulatory  authorities,  which  may  require  the  establishment  of 
additional general or specific allowances.

In  connection  with  the  filing  of  our  periodic  regulatory  reports  and  in  accordance  with  our  classification  of  assets  policy,  we 
continuously assess the quality of our loan portfolio and we regularly review the loans in our loan portfolio to determine whether any 
loans  require  classification  in  accordance  with  applicable  regulations.    Loans  are  listed  on  the  “watch  list”  initially  because  of 
emerging financial weaknesses even though the loan is currently performing in accordance with its terms, or delinquency status, or if 
the loan possesses weaknesses although currently performing.  Management reviews the status of our loan portfolio delinquencies, by 
loan types, with the full board of directors on a monthly basis.  Individual classified loan relationships are discussed as warranted. If a 
loan deteriorates in asset quality, the classification is changed to “special mention,”  “substandard,”  “doubtful” or “loss” depending on 
the  circumstances  and  the  evaluation.  Generally,  loans  90  days  or  more  past  due  are  placed  on  nonaccrual  status  and  classified 
“substandard.” 

We also employ a risk grading system for our loans to help assure that we are not taking unnecessary and/or unmanageable risk.  The 
primary objective of the loan risk grading system is to establish a method of assessing credit risk to further enable management to 
measure loan portfolio quality and the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  Further, we contract with an external loan review 
firm to complete a credit risk assessment of the loan portfolio on a regular basis to help determine the current level and direction of 
our credit risk.  The external loan review firm communicates the results of their findings to the Executive Loan Committee in writing 
and by periodically attending the Executive Loan Committee meetings. Any material issues discovered in an external loan review are 
also communicated immediately to the President of the Bank.  See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for further details 
on the Company’s credit quality indicators that define our risk grading system.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the date of the statement 
of condition and it is recorded as a reduction of loans.  The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to 
provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated.  Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance.  
The  allowance  is  increased  by  the  provision  for  loan  losses,  and  decreased  by  charge-offs,  net  of  recoveries.    Loans  deemed  to  be 
uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.  All or 
part of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all 
or part of the principal balance is highly unlikely.  Non-residential consumer loans are generally charged off no later than 120 days 
past due on a contractual basis, unless productive collection efforts are providing results.  Consumer loans may be charged off earlier 
in  the  event  of  bankruptcy,  or  if  there  is  an  amount  that  is  deemed  uncollectible.    No  portion  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is 
restricted to any individual loan type and the entire allowance is available to absorb any and all loan losses.

The allowance is based on three major components which are: (i) specific components for impaired loans, (ii) recent historical losses 
and several qualitative factors applied to a general pool of loans, and (iii) an unallocated component. 

The  first  component  is  the  specific  allowance  that  relates  to  loans  that  are  classified  as  impaired.    For  these  loans,  an  allowance  is 
established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan are lower than the carrying value of the loan.  A 
loan  is  considered  impaired  when,  based  on  current  information  and  events,  it  is  probable  that  we  will  be  unable  to  collect  the 
scheduled  payments  of  principal  or  interest  when  due  according  to  the  contractual  terms  of  the  loan  agreement.    Impairment  is 
measured by either the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value 
of  the  underlying  collateral  if  the  loan  is  collateral  dependent.    The  majority  of  our  loans  utilize  the  fair  value  of  the  underlying 
collateral.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability 
of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment 
shortfalls  generally  are  not  classified  as  impaired.    Management  determines  the  significance  of  payment  delays  and  shortfalls  on  a 
case-by case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length and 
reason for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of shortfall in relation to what is owed. 

The second component is the general allowance which covers pools of loans, by loan class, not considered impaired, smaller balance 
homogenous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans.  These pools of loans are evaluated for loss 
exposure based on historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans. The ratio of net charge-offs to loans outstanding within 
each loan class over the most recent eight quarters, lagged by one quarter, is used to generate the historical loss rates.  

In addition, qualitative factors are added to the historical loss rates in arriving at the total allowance for loan losses needed for this 
general pool of loans.  The qualitative factors include changes in national and local economic trends, including in 2020 the impact of 
the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of growth in the portfolio, trends of delinquencies and nonaccrual balances, changes in loan policy, 
and changes in lending management experience and related staffing.  Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or 
declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation.  These 

- 15 -

qualitative factors, applied to each product class, make the evaluation inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates that may 
be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

The  third  component  may  consist  of  an  unallocated  allowance  which  is  maintained  to  cover  uncertainties  that  could  affect 
management’s estimate of probable losses.  The unallocated component of the allowance, when present, reflects an additional margin 
for potential imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses 
in  the  portfolio.    This  component  would  typically  be  appropriate  in  times  of  significant  economic  dislocations  or  uncertainties  in 
either, or both, the local and national economies.  The unallocated allowance generally comprises less than 10% of the total allowance 
for loan losses and can be as little as 0% of total allowance.

When  a  loan  is  determined  to  be  impaired,  we  will  reevaluate  the  collateral  which  secures  the  loan.  For  real  estate  loans,  we  will 
obtain  a  new  appraisal  or  broker’s  opinion,  whichever  is  considered  to  provide  the  most  accurate  value  in  the  event  of  sale.  An 
evaluation of equipment held as collateral will be obtained from an independent firm able to provide such an evaluation. Collateral 
will be inspected not less than annually for all impaired loans and will be reevaluated not less than every two years.  Appraised values 
are  discounted  to  arrive  at  the  estimated  selling  price  of  the  collateral,  which  is  considered  to  be  the  estimated  fair  value.    The 
discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property. For commercial and industrial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, 
such  as  accounts  receivable,  inventory  and  equipment,  estimated  fair  values  are  determined  based  on  the  borrower’s  financial 
statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable agings or equipment appraisals or invoices.  Indications of value from these sources 
are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets.

Large groups of homogeneous loans, including purchased loans, are evaluated for impairment in the aggregate.  Accordingly, we do 
not separately identify individual residential mortgage loans with outstanding principal balances less than $300,000, home equity and 
other consumer loans for impairment disclosures. We make exceptions to this general rule when such loans are (1) rated substandard 
or worse, on nonaccrual status and are related to borrowers with total related credit exposure in excess of our threshold balance of 
$300,000; or (2) the loans are subject to a troubled debt restructuring agreement.  The projected credit losses related to purchased loan 
pools are evaluated prior to purchase and the performance of those loans against expectations are analyzed at least monthly.  Over the 
life  of  the  purchased  loan  pools,  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is  adjusted,  through  the  provision  for  loan  losses,  for  expected  loss 
experience,  over  the  projected  life  of  the  loans.  The  expected  credit  loss  experience  is  determined  at  the  time  of  purchase  and  is 
modified, to the extent necessary, during the life of the purchased loan pools.  The Bank does not initially increase the allowance for 
loan losses on the purchase date of the loan pools. 

In addition, the FDIC and NYSDFS, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses 
and may require us to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of 
their examination, which may not be currently available to management.  Based on management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan 
portfolio, we believe the current level of the allowance for loan losses is adequate.

INVESTMENT AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Our investment policy is established by the board of directors. Our investment policy dictates that investment decisions will be made 
based on the safety of the investment, liquidity requirements, potential returns, cash flow targets, and consistency with our interest rate 
risk management objectives. The Asset Liability Management Committee (the “ALCO”) of the board of directors acts in the capacity 
of  an  investment  committee  and  is  responsible  for  overseeing  our  investment  program  and  evaluating  on  an  ongoing  basis  our 
investment policy and objectives. Our President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer have the authority to purchase 
and  sell  securities  within  specific  guidelines  established  by  the  investment  policy.    All  transactions  are  reviewed  by  the  board  of 
directors at its regular meetings.

The  general  objectives  of  the  investment  securities  portfolio  are  to  assist  in  the  overall  interest  rate  risk  management  of  the  Bank, 
while generating a reasonable rate of return consistent with the risk of purchased principal, provide a source of liquidity, and reduce 
our  overall  credit  risk  profile.  We  also  purchase  securities  to  provide  necessary  liquidity  for  day-to-day  operations  and  when 
investable  funds  exceed  loan  demand  and  to  provide  highly  liquid  assets  under  collateralization  arrangements  related  to  municipal 
deposits.  The effect that the proposed security purchase would have on our overall credit and interest rate risk profile and our risk-
based equity ratios is also considered in evaluating the timing, mix and characteristics of investment security purchases.  

- 16 -

All  investment  securities  purchased/held  must  meet  regulatory  guidelines  and  be  permissible  bank  investments.    Our  investment 
securities include a broad range of debt securities issued by the United States Government and its agencies and sponsored enterprises, 
state and municipal governments and agencies, and corporations. The Company also invests in mortgage-backed securities issued or 
guaranteed by United States Government sponsored enterprises, collateralized mortgage obligations and similar debt securities issued 
by both government sponsored entities and private (non-governmental) issuers, and asset-backed securities that are generally issued by 
private  entities.    The  Company  invests  primarily  in  debt  securities  but  will  from  time  to  time  also  invest,  within  certain  regulatory 
limits, in mutual funds and equity securities.  

All securities purchased are classified at the time of purchase as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale.  We do not maintain a 
trading account. Securities purchased with the intent and ability to hold until maturity will be classified as held-to-maturity. Securities 
placed in the held-to-maturity category will be accounted for at amortized cost. 

Securities that do not qualify or are not categorized as held-to-maturity are classified as available-for-sale. This classification includes 
securities that may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, the security's prepayment risk, liquidity needs, the availability of 
and  the  yield  on  alternative  investments,  and  funding  sources  and  terms.  These  securities  are  reported  at  fair  value,  which  is 
determined on a monthly basis.  Unrealized gains and losses are reported as a separate component of capital, net of tax. The aggregate 
change in value of the portfolio is reported to the board of directors monthly.

The composition of the investment portfolio is substantially the same for securities classified as both held-to-maturity and available-
for-sale, although the portion of the securities portfolio classified as available-for-sale generally has a higher concentration of shorter-
term, and/or more liquid assets.  Such securities are held as part of the Bank’s liquidity management programs.  The Bank holds a 
significant portion of its investment securities in mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (many, but not all 
of  which  are  issued  by  government-sponsored  enterprises)  and  direct  federal  government  and  federal  agency  obligations.    Federal 
agency  issuers  include  the  Federal  Farm  Credit  Bank,  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank,  Federal  National  Mortgage  Association  (“Fannie 
Mae”),  Federal  Home  Loan  Mortgage  Corporation  (“Freddie  Mac”)  and  the  Government  National  Mortgage  Association  (“Ginnie 
Mae”), among others.  For a discussion on mortgage backed securities, see “Mortgage-Backed Securities and Collateralized Mortgage 
Obligations.”

As  part  of  our  membership  in  the  FHLBNY,  we  are  required  to  maintain  a  dividend-earning  investment  in  FHLBNY  stock.  This 
investment  is  classified  separately  from  securities  due  to  significant  restrictions  on  sale  or  transfer  of  the  stock.    For  further 
information regarding our securities portfolio, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES AND COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE OBLIGATIONS

We purchase mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie 
Mae.    In  recent  years,  the  Bank  has  also  increased  the  level  of  its  investments  in  mortgage-backed  securities  and  collateralized 
mortgage obligations issued by private entities. These securities are generally senior tranches, and most often the most senior tranche 
of  multi-class  issuances  that  provide  substantial  credit  enhancements  to  their  senior  tranches  and  therefore  reasonable,  but  not 
absolute,  protection  for  the  Bank  from  the  risks  of  default.  We  invest  in  mortgage-backed  securities  and  collateralized  mortgage 
obligations  to  achieve  positive  interest  rate  spreads  with  minimal  administrative  expense,  and  to  lower  our  credit  risk  through 
geographic  diversification.  These  securities  are  generally  relatively  short  in  duration  and  therefore  reduce  the  Bank’s  sensitivity  to 
changes in interest rates.  All privately issued mortgage-backed securities held by the Bank at December 31, 2021 were either rated at 
or above the lowest investment grade for credit quality by a nationally-recognized statistical rating organization (a “NRSRO”) or were 
the  most  senior  tranches  of  securitizations  that  were  not  rated  by  a  NRSRO  at  the  time  of  the  securities’  issuance.    We  regularly 
monitor  the  credit  quality  of  this  portfolio.  At  December  31,  2021,  no  securities  held  by  the  Bank  in  this  category  had  been 
downgraded by a NRSRO.    

Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are created by pooling mortgages and issuing a security with an 
interest rate which is less than the interest rate on the underlying mortgages. These securities typically represent a participation interest 
in  a  pool  of  single-  or  multi-family  mortgages  and  certain  types  of  commercial  real  estate  loans,  although  we  generally  focus  our 
investments  on  mortgage  related  securities  backed  by  one-to-four  family  real  estate  loans.  The  issuers  of  such  securities  pool  and 
resell  the  participation  interests  in  the  form  of  securities  to  investors  such  as  the  Bank,  and  in  the  case  of  government  agency 
sponsored issues, guarantee the payment of principal and interest to investors. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage 
obligations  generally  yield  less  than  the  loans  that  underlie  such  securities  because  of  the  cost  of  payment  guarantees,  if  any,  and 
credit enhancements. These securities, which are most often fixed-rate, are usually substantially more liquid than individual mortgage 
loans.

- 17 -

Investments in collateralized mortgage obligations involve a risk that actual prepayments may differ from estimated prepayments over 
the life of the security, which may require adjustments to the amortization of any premium or accretion of any discount relating to 
such  instruments,  thereby  changing  the  net  yield  on  such  securities.  There  is  also  reinvestment  risk  associated  with  the  cash  flows 
from such securities or if such securities are redeemed by the issuer.  In addition, the market value of such securities may be adversely 
affected in a rising interest rate environment, particularly since vast majority our collateralized mortgage obligations have a fixed rate 
of  interest.  The  relatively  short  weighted  average  remaining  life  of  our  collateralized  mortgage  obligation  portfolio  mitigates  our 
potential risk of loss in a rising interest rate environment.

ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES

We also purchase asset-backed securities issued by private entities.  These securities typically represent a participation interest in a 
pool  of  non-mortgage  loans.  Asset-backed  securities  are  created  by  pooling  homogenous  non-mortgage  loans  (such  as  unsecured 
consumer  loans)  and  issuing  a  security  with  an  interest  rate  which  is  less  than  the  interest  rate  on  the  underlying  loan  notes.  The 
issuers  of  such  securities  pool  and  resell  the  participation  interests  in  the  form  of  securities  to  investors  such  as  the  Bank.    Asset-
backed securities generally yield less than the loans that underlie such securities because of the cost of credit enhancements. These 
securities, which may be fixed or adjustable-rate are usually substantially more liquid than individual loans.

The securities of the type the Bank typically invests in are collateralized by consumer loans or commercial business trade receivables 
and  are  generally  senior  tranches  of  multi-class  issuances.  These  tranches  are  offered  with  substantial  credit  enhancements  and 
therefore reasonable, but not absolute, protection for the Company from the risks of default.  We invest in asset-backed securities to 
achieve  positive  interest  rate  spreads  with  minimal  administrative  expense,  and  to  lower  our  credit  risk  through  geographical  and 
asset-type  diversification.    These  securities  are  generally  relatively  short  in  duration  and  therefore  reduce  the  Bank’s  sensitivity  to 
changes in interest rates.  All asset-backed securities held by the Bank at December 31, 2021 were either rated at or above the lowest 
investment grade for credit quality by a NRSRO or were the most senior tranches of securitizations that were not rated by a NRSRO at 
the time of the securities’ issuance.  We regularly monitor the underlying credit quality of this portfolio. At December 31, 2021, no 
securities held by the Bank in this category had been downgraded by a NRSRO.

SOURCES OF FUNDS

General

Deposits have traditionally been our primary source of funds for use in lending and investment activities. We also rely on advances 
from the FHLBNY, the Certificates of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) provided by an independent third-party, IntraFi 
Network, and other deposits acquired through unaffiliated third-party financial institutions as forms of brokered deposits.  In addition 
to  deposits  and  borrowings,  we  derive  funds  from  scheduled  loan  payments,  investment  maturities,  loan  prepayments,  retained 
earnings and income on interest-earning assets.  While scheduled loan payments and income on interest-earning assets are relatively 
stable sources of funds, deposit inflows and outflows can vary widely and are influenced by prevailing market interest rates, economic 
conditions and competition from other financial institutions.

Deposits

A majority of our depositors are persons or businesses who work, reside or operate in Oswego and Onondaga Counties. We offer a 
variety of deposits, including checking, savings, money market deposit accounts, and certificates of deposit.  Deposit account terms 
vary, with the principal differences being the minimum balance required, the amount of time the funds must remain on deposit and the 
interest  rate.  We  establish  interest  rates,  maturity  terms,  service  fees  and  withdrawal  penalties  on  a  periodic  basis.  Management 
determines the rates and terms based on rates paid by competitors, our need for funds or liquidity, overall growth goals and federal and 
state  regulations.    The  flow  of  deposits  is  influenced  significantly  by  general  economic  conditions,  changes  in  interest  rates  and 
competition.  The  variety  of  deposit  accounts  that  we  offer  allows  us  to  be  competitive  in  generating  deposits  and  to  respond  with 
flexibility to changes in our customers’ demands. We believe that deposits are a stable source of funds, but our ability to attract and 
maintain  deposits  at  favorable  rates  will  be  affected  by  market  conditions,  including  competition  and  prevailing  interest  rates.  In 
addition, the Bank holds municipal deposits, which have been a more seasonally volatile source of funds.

The CDARS program is a form of a brokered deposit facility in which we have been a participant since 2009.  In addition to offering 
depositors  enhanced  FDIC  insurance  coverage,  being  a  participant  in  CDARS  allows  us  to  fund  our  balance  sheet  through  the 
CDARS’ One-Way Buy program. This program uses a competitive bid process for available deposits, up to a varying amount that was 
approximately $50 million at any one weekly bidding session as of December 31, 2021, at specified terms.  These deposits work well 
for us because of their weekly availability, coupled with their short term duration, which allows us to more closely mirror our funding 
needs.   We believe this arrangement is a viable source of funding provided that we maintain our “well-capitalized” status.  See Note 
11 to the consolidated financial statements for further details on our brokered deposits.

- 18 -

In  addition,  from  time  to  time,  the  Bank  will  acquire  larger  blocks  of  brokered  deposits,  outside  of  the  CDARS  program,  that  are 
obtained  from  unaffiliated  third-party  financial  institutions.  These  brokered  deposits  generally  have  modestly  longer  maturity  dates 
than the CDARS deposits, can be acquired in more substantial block size, and generally have issuance rates similar to the CDARS 
program.  

Brokered deposits are employed by the Bank’s management to supplement the funding that the Bank obtains from customer deposits 
and  other  borrowings,  principally  from  the  FHLBNY,  and  are  used  to  increase  the  overall  efficiency  of  the  Bank’s  funding  mix. 
Management intends to continue to use brokered deposits in the future as an integral part of its overall funding strategies. 

Borrowings

The Bank has a number of existing credit facilities available to it.  At December 31, 2021, the Bank had existing lines of credit at 
FHLBNY, the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), and two other correspondent banks. We obtain advances primarily from the FHLBNY 
utilizing the security of the common stock we own in the FHLBNY and qualifying residential mortgage loans as collateral, provided 
certain standards related to creditworthiness are met.  These advances are made pursuant to several credit programs, each of which has 
its own interest rate and range of maturities.  FHLBNY advances are generally available to meet seasonal and other withdrawals of 
deposit accounts and to permit increased lending. 

Subordinated Debt

The  Company  has  a  non-consolidated  subsidiary  trust,  Pathfinder  Statutory  Trust  II,  of  which  the  Company  owns  100%  of  the 
common  equity.    The  Trust  issued  $5,000,000  of  30-year  floating  rate  Company-obligated  pooled  capital  securities  of  Pathfinder 
Statutory Trust II (“Floating-Rate Debentures”).  The Company borrowed the proceeds of the capital securities from its subsidiary by 
issuing  floating  rate  junior  subordinated  deferrable  interest  debentures  having  substantially  similar  terms.    The  capital  securities 
mature in 2037 and are treated as Tier 1 capital by the FDIC and the Federal Rerserve.  The capital securities of the trust are a pooled 
trust  preferred  fund  of  Preferred  Term  Securities  VI,  Ltd.,  with  interest  rates  that  reset  quarterly,  and  are  indexed  to  the  3-month 
London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR)” plus 1.65%. These securities have a five-year call provision. The Company guarantees all 
of these securities.

The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), the organization responsible for regulating LIBOR, ceased publishing 
LIBOR indices at the end of 2021. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), formed by the FRB and the Federal 
Reserve  Bank  of  New  York,  had  been  charged  with  developing  an  alternative  rate  that  replaced  LIBOR  in  the  United  States  (U.S. 
dollar-denominated LIBOR).  The ARRC identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the rate that represents best 
practice  for  use  in  U.S.  dollar-denominated  LIBOR  derivatives  and  other  financial  contracts.    Accordingly,  SOFR  has  currently 
replaced  LIBOR  in  the  substantial  majority  of  contracts  in  which  LIBOR  was  used.  Management  has  analyzed  the  Company’s 
aggregate  exposure  to  instruments  that  are  indexed  to  LIBOR  (including  the  Company’s  acquired  loan  participations,  fixed-income 
investments,  hedging  instruments  and  the  Floating-Rate  Debentures)  and  concluded  that  the  adoption  of  SOFR  will  not  materially 
impact the Company or the results of its operations. 

The Company's equity interest in the trust subsidiary is included in other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
at December 31, 2021 and 2020.  For regulatory reporting purposes, the Federal Reserve has indicated that the preferred securities will 
continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital subject to previously specified limitations, until further notice. If regulators make a determination 
that Trust Preferred Securities can no longer be considered in regulatory capital, the securities become callable and the Company may 
redeem them.

On October 15, 2015, the Company executed a $10.0 million non-amortizing Subordinated Loan (the “2015 Subordinated Loan”) with 
an unrelated third party that was scheduled to mature on October 1, 2025. The Company has the right to prepay the 2015 Subordinated 
Loan on the first day of any calendar quarter after October 15, 2020 without penalty. The annual interest rate charged to the Company 
will be 6.25% through the maturity date of the 2015 Subordinated Loan.  The 2015 Subordinated Loan is senior in the Company’s 
credit repayment hierarchy only to the Company’s common equity and, as a result, qualifies as Tier 2 capital for all future periods 
when applicable.  The Company paid $172,000 in origination and legal fees as part of this transaction.  These fees were amortized 
over the life of the 2015 Subordinated Loan through its first call date using the effective interest method.  The effective cost of funds 
related to this transaction was 6.44% calculated under this method through October 15, 2020 and 6.25% until the stated maturity date. 
On April 1, 2021 the Company redeemed its $10.0 million non-amortizing subordinated loan that was scheduled to mature on October 
1, 2025. The Company has had the right to prepay the Subordinated Loan at any time after October 15, 2020 without penalty. The 
terms of the Subordinated Loan required fixed interest payments at an annual interest rate of 6.25% after February 29, 2016 until the 
Loan’s  scheduled  maturity  date.  The  redemption  of  this  $10.0  million  component  of  the  Company’s  outstanding  subordinated  debt 
will prospectively reduce interest expense after April 1, 2021 by $625,000 annually.  Interest expense, related to this borrowing, of 
$156,000 and $650,000 was recorded in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

- 19 -

On October 14, 2020, the Company executed a private placement of $25.0 million of its 5.50% Fixed to Floating Rate non-amortizing 
Subordinated Loan (the “2020 Subordinated Loan”) to certain qualified institutional buyers and accredited institutional investors. The 
2020 Subordinated Loan has a maturity date of October 15, 2030 and initially bear interest, payable semi-annually, at a fixed annual 
rate of 5.50% per annum until October 15, 2025.  Commencing on that date, the interest rate applicable to the outstanding principal 
amount due will be reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three month Secured Overnight Financing 
Rate (SOFR) plus 532 basis points, payable quarterly until maturity. The Company may redeem the 2020 Subordinated Loan at par, in 
whole or in part, at its option, any time after October 15, 2025 (the first redemption date).  The 2020 Subordinated Loan is senior in 
the  Company’s  credit  repayment  hierarchy  only  to  the  Company’s  common  equity  and,  and  any  future  senior  indebtedness  and  is 
intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes for the Company.  The Company paid $783,000 in origination and 
legal  fees  as  part  of  this  transaction.    These  fees  will  be  amortized  over  the  life  of  the  2020  Subordinated  Loan  through  its  first 
redemption  date  using  the  effective  interest  method,  giving  rise  to  an  effective  cost  of  funds  of  6.22%  from  the  issuance  date 
calculated under this method.  Accordingly, interest expense related to this transaction of $1.5 million and $327,000 was recorded in 
the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

General

Pathfinder Bank is a New York-chartered commercial bank and the Company is a Maryland corporation and a registered bank holding 
company.  The  Bank’s  deposits  are  insured  up  to  applicable  limits  by  the  FDIC.  The  Bank  is  subject  to  extensive  regulation  by 
NYSDFS, as its chartering agency, and by the FDIC, its primary federal regulator and deposit insurer. The Bank is required to file 
reports with, and is periodically examined by, the FDIC and the NYSDFS concerning its activities and financial condition and must 
obtain regulatory  approvals  prior  to  entering  into  certain  transactions,  including,  but  not  limited to,  mergers  with or  acquisitions  of 
other financial institutions. As a registered bank holding company, the Company is regulated by the Federal Reserve Board.  

The regulatory and supervisory structure establishes a comprehensive framework of activities in which an institution can engage and is 
intended primarily for the protection of depositors and the deposit insurance funds, rather than for the protection of shareholders and 
creditors. The regulatory structure also gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and 
enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies concerning the establishment of deposit insurance assessment fees, 
classification  of  assets  and  establishment  of  adequate  loan  loss  reserves  for  regulatory  purposes.  Any  change  in  such  regulatory 
requirements  and  policies,  whether  by  the  New  York  State  legislature,  the  NYSDFS,  the  FDIC,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  or  the 
United States Congress, could have a material adverse impact on the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and 
the Bank. 

Set forth below is a summary of certain material statutory and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company and the Bank. The 
summary is not intended to be a complete description of such statutes and regulations and their effects on the Company and the Bank. 

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”)

The CARES Act, which became law on March 27, 2020, provided over $2 trillion to combat the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and 
stimulate the economy. The law had several provisions relevant to financial institutions, including:

•

•

•

•

Allowing institutions not to characterize loan modifications relating specifically to the COVID-19 pandemic as a troubled 
debt  restructuring  and  also  allowing  them  to  suspend  the  corresponding  impairment  determination  for  accounting 
purposes, if there are no impairment triggers other than those related to the pandemic;

Temporarily  reducing  the  community  bank  leverage  ratio  alternative  available  to  institutions of  less  than $10  billion of 
assets to 8%.  The ratio was increased to 9.5% for 2021 and will revert to 9.0% thereafter;

The  establishment  of  the  Paycheck  Protection  Program  (the  “PPP”),  a  specialized  low-interest  forgivable  loan  program 
funded  by  the  U.S.  Treasury  Department  and  administered  through  the  SBA’s  7(a)  loan  guaranty  program  to  support 
businesses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.  The program stopped taking new loan applications in May 2021; and

The  ability  of  a  borrower  of  a  federally-backed  mortgage  loan  (VA,  FHA,  USDA,  Freddie  Mac  and  Fannie  Mae) 
experiencing  financial  hardship  due,  directly  or  indirectly,  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  to  request  forbearance  from 
paying  their  mortgage  by  submitting  a  request  to  the  borrower’s  servicer  affirming  their  financial  hardship  during  the 
COVID-19  emergency.  Such  a  forbearance  could  be  granted  for  up  to  180  days,  subject  to  extension  for  an  additional 
180-day  period  upon  the  request  of  the  borrower.  During  that  time,  no  fees,  penalties  or  interest  beyond  the  amounts 
scheduled or calculated as if the borrower made all contractual payments on time and in full under the mortgage contract 
could  accrue  on  the  borrower’s  account.   Except  for  vacant  or  abandoned  property,  the  servicer  of  a  federally-backed 
mortgage was prohibited from taking any foreclosure action, including any eviction or sale action, for not less than the 60-

- 20 -

day period beginning March 18, 2020, which period has subsequently been extended several times by federal mortgage-
backing agencies.

The Dodd-Frank Act

The Dodd-Frank Act significantly changed bank regulation and has affected the lending, investment, trading and operating activities 
of depository institutions and their holding companies. The Dodd-Frank Act created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau with 
extensive  powers  to  supervise  and  enforce  consumer  protection  laws.    The  Consumer  Financial  Protection  Bureau  has  broad  rule-
making authority for a wide range of consumer protection laws that apply to all banks and savings institutions, including the authority 
to prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices.  Banks and savings institutions with $10 billion or less in assets, such as 
Pathfinder Bank, continue to be examined by their applicable federal bank regulators.  The Dodd-Frank Act also gave state attorneys 
general the ability to enforce applicable federal consumer protection laws. 

The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (the “EGRRCPA”)

On  May  24,  2018,  the  EGRRCPA  was  enacted,  which  repealed  or  modified  certain  provisions  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  and  eased 
regulations  on  all  financial  institutions  with  the  exception  of  the  largest  banks.  The  EGRRCPA’s  provisions  include,  among  other 
items: (i) exempting banks with less than $10 billion in assets from the ability-to-repay requirements for certain qualified residential 
mortgage loans held in portfolio; (ii) not requiring appraisals for certain transactions valued at less than $400,000 in rural areas; (iii) 
exempting banks that originate fewer than 500 open-end and 500 closed-end mortgages from HMDA’s expanded data disclosures; (iv) 
clarifying  that,  subject  to  various  conditions,  reciprocal  deposits  of  another  depository  institution  obtained  using  a  deposit  broker 
through  a  deposit  placement  network  for  purposes  of  obtaining  maximum  deposit  insurance  would  not  be  considered  brokered 
deposits  subject  to  the  FDIC’s  brokered-deposit  regulations;  (v)  raising  eligibility  for  the  18-month  exam  cycle  from  $1  billion  to 
banks with $3 billion in assets; and (vi) simplifying capital calculations by requiring regulators to establish for institutions under $10 
billion in assets a community bank leverage ratio at a percentage not less than 8% and not greater than 10%; that such institutions may 
elect  to  replace  the  general  applicable  risk-based  capital  requirements  for  determining  well-capitalized  status.    In  addition,  the  law 
required  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  to  raise  the  asset  threshold  under  its  Small  Bank  Holding  Company  Policy  Statement  from  $1 
billion to $3 billion for bank or savings and loan holding companies that are exempt from consolidated capital requirements, provided 
that such companies meet certain other conditions such as not engaging in significant nonbanking activities.

New York Bank Regulation 

Pathfinder Bank derives its lending, investment, branching and other authority primarily from the applicable provisions of New York 
State Banking Law and the regulations of the NYSDFS, as limited by federal laws and regulations.  Under these laws and regulations, 
commercial banks, including Pathfinder Bank, may invest in real estate mortgages, consumer and commercial loans, certain types of 
debt securities, including certain corporate debt securities and obligations of federal, state and local governments and agencies, certain 
types of corporate equity securities and certain other assets.  Under the statutory authority for investing in equity securities, a bank 
may invest up to 2% of its assets or 20% of its capital, whichever is less in exchange-registered corporate stock.  Investment in the 
stock of a single corporation is limited to the lesser of 1% of the bank’s assets or 15% of the Bank’s capital.  The Bank’s authority to 
invest in equity securities is constrained by federal law, as explained later.  Such equity securities must meet certain earnings ratios 
and other tests of financial performance.  A bank may also exercise trust powers upon approval of the NYSDFS.  Pathfinder Bank 
does not presently have trust powers.

New York State chartered banks may also invest in subsidiaries.  A bank may use this power to invest in corporations that engage in 
various activities authorized for banks, plus any additional activities that may be authorized by the NYSDFS.  

Furthermore,  New  York  banking  regulations  impose  requirements  on  loans  which  a  bank  may  make  to  its  executive  officers  and 
directors  and  to  certain  corporations  or  partnerships  in  which  such  persons  have  equity  interests.    These  requirements  include  that 
(i) certain loans must be approved in advance by a majority of the entire board of directors and the interested party must abstain from 
participating directly or indirectly in voting on such loan, (ii) the loan must be on terms that are not more favorable than those offered 
to  unaffiliated  third  parties,  and  (iii) the  loan  must  not  involve  more  than  a  normal  risk  of  repayment  or  present  other  unfavorable 
features.

Under the New York State Banking Law, the Superintendent may issue an order to a New York State chartered banking institution to 
appear  and  explain  an  apparent  violation  of  law,  to  discontinue  unauthorized  or  unsafe  practices  and  to  keep  prescribed  books  and 
accounts.  Upon a finding by the NYSDFS that any director, trustee or officer of any banking organization has violated any law, or has 
continued unauthorized or unsafe practices in conducting the business of the banking organization after having been notified by the 
Superintendent  to  discontinue  such  practices,  such  director,  trustee  or  officer  may  be  removed  from  office  after  notice  and  an 
opportunity  to  be  heard.    The  Bank  does  not  know  of  any  past  or  current  practice,  condition  or  violation  that  may  lead  to  any 
proceeding by the Superintendent or the NYSDFS against the Bank or any of its directors or officers.  

- 21 -

New York State Community Reinvestment Regulation  

Pathfinder  Bank  is  also  subject  to  provisions  of  the  New  York  State  Banking  Law  which  imposes  continuing  and  affirmative 
obligations upon banking institutions organized in New York State to serve the credit needs of its local community (“NYCRA”) which 
are substantially similar to those imposed by the Federal Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”).  Pursuant to the NYCRA, a bank 
must file copies of all federal CRA reports with the NYSDFS.  The NYCRA requires the NYSDFS to make a written assessment of a 
bank’s compliance with the NYCRA every 24 to 36 months, utilizing a four-tiered rating system and make such assessment available 
to the public.  The NYCRA also requires the Superintendent to consider a bank’s NYCRA rating when reviewing a bank’s application 
to  engage  in  certain  transactions,  including  mergers,  asset  purchases  and  the  establishment  of  branch  offices  or  automated  teller 
machines, and provides that such assessment may serve as a basis for the denial of any such application. Pathfinder Bank’s NYCRA 
most recent rating, dated December 31, 2018, was “satisfactory.”      

Federal Regulations

Capital  Requirements.    Federal  regulations  require  federally  insured  depository  institutions  to  meet  several  minimum  capital 
standards:  a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-based assets ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 capital to risk-based assets ratio of 6.0%, a total 
capital to risk-based assets of 8.0%, and a 4.0% Tier 1 capital to total assets leverage ratio.  

In determining the amount of risk-weighted assets for purposes of calculating risk-based capital ratios, all assets, including certain off-
balance  sheet  assets  (e.g.,  recourse  obligations,  direct  credit  substitutes,  residual  interests)  are  multiplied  by  a  risk  weight  factor 
assigned by the regulations based on the risks believed inherent in the type of asset.  Higher levels of capital are required for asset 
categories believed to present greater risk.  Common equity Tier 1 capital is generally defined as common stockholders’ equity and 
retained earnings.  Tier 1 capital is generally defined as common equity Tier 1 and additional Tier 1 capital.  Additional Tier 1 capital 
includes certain noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus and minority interests in equity accounts of consolidated 
subsidiaries.  Total capital includes Tier 1 capital (common equity Tier 1 capital plus additional Tier 1 capital) and Tier 2 capital.  Tier 
2  capital  is  comprised  of  capital  instruments  and  related  surplus,  meeting  specified  requirements,  and  may  include  cumulative 
preferred  stock  and  long-term  perpetual  preferred  stock,  mandatory  convertible  securities,  intermediate  preferred  stock  and 
subordinated debt.  Also included in Tier 2 capital is the allowance for loan and lease losses limited to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-
weighted  assets  and,  for  institutions  that  have  exercised  an  opt-out  election  regarding  the  treatment  of  Accumulated  Other 
Comprehensive Income, up to 45% of net unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity securities with readily determinable fair market 
values.    Pathfinder  Bank  exercised  the  opt-out  election.    Calculation  of  all  types  of  regulatory  capital  is  subject  to  deductions  and 
adjustments  specified  in  the  regulations.    In  assessing  an  institution’s  capital  adequacy,  regulators  take  into  consideration,  not  only 
these  numeric  factors,  but  qualitative  factors  as  well,  and  has  the  authority  to  establish  higher  capital  requirements  for  individual 
institutions when and where deemed necessary.

In  addition  to  establishing  the  minimum  regulatory  capital  requirements,  the  regulations  limit  capital  distributions  and  certain 
discretionary bonus payments to management personnel if the institution does not hold a “capital conservation buffer” consisting of 
2.5%  of  common  equity  Tier  1  capital  to  risk-weighted  assets  above  the  amount  necessary  to  meet  its  minimum  risk-based  capital 
requirements.    Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  pursuant  to  the  EGRRCPA,  the  FDIC  finalized  a  rule  that  established  a  community 
bank leverage ratio (“CBLR”).  The CBLR (Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets) was established at 9% for institutions under 
$10 billion in assets and such institutions may elect to utilize the CBLR threshold level of capital in lieu of the generally-applicable 
risk-based capital requirements under Basel III.  Such institutions that meet the CBLR threshold and certain other qualifying criteria 
will automatically be deemed to be well-capitalized.  The new rule took effect on January 1, 2020.  Pursuant to the CARES Act, the 
federal banking agencies issued final rules to set the Community Bank Leverage Ratio at 8% beginning in the second quarter of 2020 
through  the  end  of  2020.  Beginning  in  2021,  the  Community  Bank  Leverage  Ratio  increased  to  8.5%  for  the  calendar  year. 
Community  banks  will  have  until  January  1,  2022,  before  the  Community  Bank  Leverage  Ratio  requirement  will  return  to  9%.  A 
financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The Bank did not elect to become subject to the Community Bank 
Leverage Ratio. 

Standards  for  Safety  and  Soundness.  As  required  by  statute,  the  federal  banking  agencies  have  adopted  final  regulations  and 
Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and Soundness to implement safety and soundness standards. The guidelines 
set  forth  the  safety  and  soundness  standards  that  the  federal  banking  agencies  use  to  identify  and  address  problems  at  insured 
depository  institutions  before  capital  becomes  impaired.  The  guidelines  address  internal  controls  and  information  systems,  internal 
audit  systems,  credit  underwriting,  loan  documentation,  interest  rate  exposure,  asset  growth,  asset  quality,  earnings,  compensation, 
fees and benefits and, more recently, safeguarding customer information. If the appropriate federal banking agency determines that an 
institution fails to meet any standard prescribed by the guidelines, the agency may require the institution to submit to the agency an 
acceptable plan to achieve compliance with the standard. 

Business and Investment Activities.  Under federal law, all state-chartered FDIC-insured banks, including commercial banks, have 
been limited in their activities as principal and in their equity investments to the type and the amount authorized for national banks, 
notwithstanding state law. Federal law permits certain exceptions to these limitations. 

- 22 -

The FDIC is also authorized to permit state banks to engage in state authorized activities or investments not permissible for national 
banks (other than non-subsidiary equity investments) if they meet all applicable capital requirements and it is determined that such 
activities or investments do not pose a significant risk to the FDIC insurance fund. The FDIC has adopted regulations governing the 
procedures  for  institutions  seeking  approval  to  engage  in  such  activities  or  investments.  The  Gramm-Leach-Bliley  Act  of  1999 
specified that a state bank may control a subsidiary that engages in activities as principal that would only be permitted for a national 
bank  to  conduct  in  a  “financial  subsidiary,”  if  a  bank  meets  specified  conditions  and  deducts  its  investment  in  the  subsidiary  for 
regulatory capital purposes.  

Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action. Federal law requires, among other things, that federal bank regulatory authorities take “prompt 
corrective action” with respect to banks that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For these purposes, the law establishes five 
capital  categories:  well  capitalized,  adequately  capitalized,  undercapitalized,  significantly  undercapitalized  and  critically 
undercapitalized. 

An institution is deemed to be “well capitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital 
ratio of 8.0% or greater, a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater and a common equity Tier 1 ratio of 6.5% or greater. An institution is 
“adequately capitalized” if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater, 
a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater and a common equity Tier 1 ratio of 4.5% or greater. An institution is “undercapitalized” if it has a 
total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a leverage ratio of less than 4.0% or a 
common equity Tier 1 ratio of less than 4.5%. An institution is deemed to be “significantly undercapitalized” if it has a total risk-based 
capital  ratio  of  less  than  6.0%,  a  Tier  1  risk-based  capital  ratio  of  less  than  4.0%,  a  leverage  ratio  of  less  than  3.0%  or  a  common 
equity Tier 1 ratio of less than 3.0%. An institution is considered to be “critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity 
(as defined in the regulations) to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%.

“Undercapitalized”  banks  must  adhere  to  growth,  capital  distribution  (including  dividend)  and  other  limitations  and  are  required  to 
submit  a  capital  restoration  plan.  A  bank’s  compliance  with  such  a  plan  must  be  guaranteed  by  any  company  that  controls  the 
undercapitalized institution in an amount equal to the lesser of 5% of the institution’s total assets when deemed undercapitalized or the 
amount necessary to achieve the status of adequately capitalized. If an “undercapitalized” bank fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is 
treated as if it is “significantly undercapitalized.” “Significantly undercapitalized” banks must comply with one or more of a number 
of  additional  measures,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  a  required  sale  of  sufficient  voting  stock  to  become  adequately  capitalized,  a 
requirement to reduce total assets, cessation of taking deposits from correspondent banks, the dismissal of directors or officers and 
restrictions  on  interest  rates  paid  on  deposits,  compensation  of  executive  officers  and  capital  distributions  by  the  parent  holding 
company.  “Critically  undercapitalized”  institutions  are  subject  to  additional  measures  including,  subject  to  a  narrow  exception,  the 
appointment of a receiver or conservator within 270 days after being designated “critically undercapitalized.”  

At December 31, 2020, Pathfinder Bank was well-capitalized.  

Transactions with Related Parties. Transactions between a bank (and, generally, its subsidiaries) and its related parties or affiliates 
are  limited  by  Sections  23A  and  23B  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Act.  An  affiliate  of  a  bank  is  any  company  or  entity  that  controls,  is 
controlled by or is under common control with the bank. In a holding company context, the parent bank holding company (“BHC”) 
and any companies which are controlled by such parent holding company are affiliates of the bank. Generally, Sections 23A and 23B 
of the Federal Reserve Act limit the extent to which the bank or its subsidiaries may engage in “covered transactions” with any one 
affiliate to 10% of such institution’s capital stock and surplus and contain an aggregate limit on all such transactions with all affiliates 
to  an  amount  equal  to  20%  of  such  institution’s  capital  stock  and  surplus.  The  term  “covered  transaction”  includes  the  making  of 
loans, purchase of assets, issuance of a guarantee and similar transactions. 

In addition, loans or other extensions of credit by the institution to the affiliate are required to be collateralized in accordance with 
specified requirements. The law also requires that affiliate transactions be on terms and conditions that are substantially the same, or at 
least as favorable to the institution, as those provided to non-affiliates.

Pathfinder Bank’s authority to extend credit to its directors, executive officers and 10% shareholders, as well as to entities controlled 
by such persons, is currently governed by the requirements of Sections 22(g) and 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation O 
of the Federal Reserve Board.  Among other things, these provisions generally require that extensions of credit to insiders:

•

•

be made on terms that are substantially the same as, and follow credit underwriting procedures that are not less stringent 
than, those prevailing for comparable transactions with unaffiliated persons and that do not involve more than the normal 
risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features; and

not exceed certain limitations on the amount of credit extended to such persons, individually and in the aggregate, which 
limits are based, in part, on the amount of Pathfinder Bank’s capital.

- 23 -

In addition, extensions of credit in excess of certain limits must be approved by Pathfinder Bank’s board of directors.  Extensions of 
credit to executive officers are subject to additional limits based on the type of extension involved.

Enforcement. The FDIC has extensive enforcement authority over insured state banks, including Pathfinder Bank. That enforcement 
authority includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, issue cease and desist orders and remove directors 
and officers. In general, enforcement actions may be initiated in response to violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound 
practices.  The  FDIC  also  has  authority  under  federal  law  to  appoint  a  conservator  or  receiver  for  an  insured  bank  under  certain 
circumstances. The FDIC is required, with certain exceptions, to appoint a receiver or conservator for an insured state non-member 
bank if the bank was “critically undercapitalized” on average during the calendar quarter beginning 270 days after the date on which 
the institution became “critically undercapitalized.” 

Federal Insurance of Deposit Accounts.  The Dodd-Frank Act permanently increased the maximum amount of deposit insurance for 
banks, savings institutions and credit unions to $250,000 per depositor.  

The FDIC assesses insured depository institutions to maintain its Deposit Insurance Fund.  Under the FDIC’s risk-based assessment 
system, institutions deemed less risky pay lower assessments.  Assessments for institutions of less than $10 billion of assets are now 
based  on  financial  measures  and  supervisory  ratings  derived  from  statistical  modeling  estimating  the  probability  of  failure  of  an 
institution’s failure within three years.  

The FDIC has authority to increase insurance assessments.  Any significant increase would have an adverse effect on the operating 
expenses and results of operations of Pathfinder Bank.  Management cannot predict what assessment rates will be in the future.

Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that an institution has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, is 
in  an  unsafe  or  unsound  condition  to  continue  operations  or  has  violated  any  applicable  law,  regulation,  rule,  order  or  condition 
imposed by the FDIC.  We do not currently know of any practice, condition or violation that may lead to termination of our deposit 
insurance.  

Community Reinvestment Act. Under the CRA, a bank has a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with its safe and sound 
operation, to help meet the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The CRA does 
not establish specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop 
the  types  of  products  and  services  that  it  believes  are  best  suited  to  its  particular  community.  The  CRA  does  require  the  FDIC,  in 
connection with its examination of a bank, to assess the institution’s record of meeting the credit needs of its community and to take 
such  record  into  account  in  its  evaluation  of  certain  applications  by  such  institution,  including  applications  to  establish  or  acquire 
branches and merger with other depository institutions. The CRA requires the FDIC to provide a written evaluation of an institution’s 
CRA performance utilizing a four-tiered descriptive rating system. Pathfinder Bank’s latest FDIC CRA rating, dated May 13, 2019, 
was “satisfactory.” 

Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve Board regulations require banks to maintain non-interest-earning reserves against their 
transaction  accounts  (primarily  negotiable  order  of  withdrawal  (NOW)  and  regular  checking  accounts).    In  March  2020,  due  to  a 
change  in  its  approach  to  monetary  policy  due  to  COVID-19,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  announced  an  interim  rule  to  amend 
Regulation  D  requirements  and  reduce  reserve  requirement  ratios  to  zero.    The  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  indicated  that  it  has  no 
plans to re-impose reserve requirements, but may do so in the future if conditions warrant.

Federal Home Loan Bank System.  Pathfinder Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank System, which consists of eleven 
regional Federal Home Loan Banks.  The Federal Home Loan Bank System provides a central credit facility primarily for member 
institutions as well as other entities involved in home mortgage lending.  As a member of the FHLBNY, Pathfinder Bank is required to 
acquire and hold a specified amount of shares of capital stock in the FHLBNY.  As of December 31, 2021, Pathfinder Bank was in 
compliance with this requirement.

Other Regulations

Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by Pathfinder Bank are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning 
interest rates.  Pathfinder Bank’s operations are also subject to federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as the: 

•

•

•

Truth-In-Lending Act, governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers;

Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, requiring that borrowers for mortgage loans for one-to-four family residential real 
estate receive various disclosures, including good faith estimates of settlement costs, lender servicing and escrow account 
practices, and prohibiting certain practices that increase the cost of settlement services;

The  TILA-RESPA  Integrated  Disclosure  Rule,  commonly  known  as  the  TRID  rule.    This  rule  amended  the  Truth  in 
Lending Act and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act to integrate several consumer disclosures for mortgage loans;

- 24 -

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Home  Mortgage  Disclosure  Act,  requiring  financial  institutions  to  provide  information  to  enable  the  public  and  public 
officials  to  determine  whether  a  financial  institution  is  fulfilling  its  obligation  to  help  meet  the  housing  needs  of  the 
community it serves;

Equal  Credit  Opportunity  Act,  prohibiting  discrimination  on  the  basis  of  race,  creed  or  other  prohibited  factors  in 
extending credit;

Fair Credit Reporting Act, governing the use and provision of information to credit reporting agencies;

Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies; 

Truth in Savings Act;

Rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal laws;

Right  to  Financial  Privacy  Act,  which  imposes  a  duty  to  maintain  confidentiality  of  consumer  financial  records  and 
prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records;

Electronic  Funds  Transfer  Act  and  Regulation  E  promulgated  thereunder,  which  govern  automatic  deposits  to  and 
withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines 
and other electronic banking services;

Check  Clearing  for  the  21st  Century  Act  (also  known  as  “Check  21”),  which  gives  “substitute  checks,”  such  as  digital 
check images and copies made from that image, the same legal standing as the original paper check;

USA PATRIOT Act, which requires banks operating to, among other things, establish broadened anti-money laundering 
compliance programs, due diligence policies and controls to ensure the detection and reporting of money laundering. Such 
required compliance programs are intended to supplement existing compliance requirements, also applicable to financial 
institutions, under the Bank Secrecy Act and the Office of Foreign Assets Control regulations; and

Gramm-Leach-Bliley  Act,  which  places  limitations  on  the  sharing  of  consumer  financial  information  by  financial 
institutions  with  unaffiliated  third  parties.  Specifically,  the  Gramm-Leach-Bliley  Act  requires  all  financial  institutions 
offering financial products or services to retail customers to provide such customers with the financial institution’s privacy 
policy and provide such customers the opportunity to “opt out” of the sharing of certain personal financial information 
with unaffiliated third parties.

Holding Company Regulation

The Company, as a BHC, is subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, 
as  amended,  as  administered  by  the  Federal  Reserve  Board.  The  Company  is  required  to  obtain  the  prior  approval  of  the  Federal 
Reserve Board to acquire all, or substantially all, of the assets of any bank or bank holding company. Prior Federal Reserve Board 
approval would be required for the Company to acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting securities of any bank or 
BHC  if  it  would,  directly  or  indirectly,  own  or  control  more  than  5%  of  any  class  of  voting  shares  of  the  bank  or  bank  holding 
company. 

A BHC is generally prohibited from engaging in, or acquiring, direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the voting securities of 
any  company  engaged  in  non-banking  activities.  One  of  the  principal  exceptions  to  this  prohibition  is  for  activities  found  by  the 
Federal Reserve Board to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. Some of 
the principal activities that the Federal Reserve Board has determined by regulation to be closely related to banking are: (i) making or 
servicing loans; (ii) performing certain data processing services; (iii) providing securities brokerage services; (iv) acting as fiduciary, 
investment or financial advisor; (v) leasing personal or real property under certain conditions; (vi) making investments in corporations 
or projects designed primarily to promote community welfare; and (vii) acquiring a savings association. 

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 authorizes a BHC that meets specified conditions, including depository institutions subsidiaries 
that are “well capitalized” and “well managed,” to opt to become a “financial holding company.” A “financial holding company” may 
engage in a broader array of financial activities than permitted a typical bank holding company. Such activities can include insurance 
underwriting and investment banking.  The Company has elected to be a “financial holding company.”

In December 2014, legislation was passed by Congress that required the Federal Reserve to revise its “Small Bank Holding Company 
Policy Statement” to exempt bank and savings and loan holding companies with less than $1.0 billion of consolidated assets from the 
consolidated  capital  requirements,  provided  that  such  companies  meet  certain  other  conditions  such  as  not  engaging  in  significant 
nonbanking activities.  The Federal Reserve maintains authority to apply the consolidated capital requirements to any bank or savings 
and loan holding company as warranted for supervisory purposes.  Regulations implementing the exemption were effective in May 
2015.

- 25 -

On  August  28,  2018,  pursuant  to  EGRRCPA,  the  FRB  issued  an  interim  final  rule  revising  the  Policy  Statement  increasing  the 
consolidated asset limit to $3 billion.  Under the Policy Statement, a BHC that meets certain Qualitative Requirements:

•

is exempt from the FRB's risk-based capital and leverage rules (Appendixes A and D of Regulation Y); and

• may use debt to finance up to 75% of the purchase price of an acquisition allowing a BHC to have a debt-to-equity ratio of up 

to 3:1.

The  Policy  Statement  now  applies  to  a  BHC  with  consolidated  assets  of  less  than  $3  billion  that  meets  the  following  Qualitative 
Requirements: (i) it is not engaged in significant non-banking activities either directly or through a non-bank subsidiary; (ii) it does 
not conduct significant off-balance sheet activities, including securitizations or asset management or administration, either directly or 
through  a  non-bank  subsidiary;  or  (iii)  it  does  not  have  a  material  amount  of  debt  or  equity  securities  outstanding  (other  than  trust 
preferred  securities)  that  are  registered  with  the  SEC.    BHCs  that  meet  these  Qualitative  Requirements  are  determined  to  be 
"Qualifying BHCs".  A Qualifying BHC is exempt from the FRB's risk-based capital and leverage rules. As a consequence, it does not 
have to comply with the Basel III Capital Adequacy rules.   Each subsidiary bank of a Qualifying BHC must comply with the Basel III 
Capital Adequacy rules (or as of January 1, 2020 the community bank leverage ratio) and must be well-capitalized. If any subsidiary 
bank  is  not,  the  FRB  expects  it  to  become  well-capitalized  within  a  brief  period  of  time.    This  Policy  Statement  applies  to  the 
Company.

A BHC is generally required to give the Federal Reserve Board prior written notice of any purchase or redemption of then outstanding 
equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined with the net consideration paid for all such 
purchases  or  redemptions  during  the  preceding  12  months,  is  equal  to  10%  or  more  of  the  company’s  consolidated  net  worth.  The 
Federal Reserve Board may disapprove such a purchase or redemption if it determines that the proposal would constitute an unsafe 
and unsound practice, or would violate any law, regulation, Federal Reserve Board order or directive, or any condition imposed by, or 
written agreement with, the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board has adopted an exception to that approval requirement 
for  well-capitalized  bank  holding  companies  that  meet  certain  other  conditions.    The  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  issued  guidance 
which requires consultation with the Federal Reserve Board prior to a redemption or repurchase in certain circumstances.

The  Federal  Reserve  Board  has  issued  a  policy  statement  regarding  the  payment  of  dividends  by  BHCs.  In  general,  the  Federal 
Reserve  Board’s  policies  provide  that  dividends  should  be  paid  only  out  of  current  earnings  and  only  if  the  prospective  rate  of 
earnings retention by the BHC appears consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. 
The Federal Reserve Board’s policies also require that a BHC serve as a source of financial strength to its subsidiary banks by using 
available resources to provide capital funds during periods of financial stress or adversity and by maintaining the financial flexibility 
and  capital-raising  capacity  to  obtain  additional  resources  for  assisting  its  subsidiary  banks  where  necessary.  The  Dodd-Frank  Act 
codified  the  source  of  strength  policy.    Under  the  prompt  corrective  action  laws,  the  ability  of  a  BHC  to  pay  dividends  may  be 
restricted  if  a  subsidiary  bank  becomes  undercapitalized.  These  regulatory  policies  could  affect  the  ability  of  the  Company  to  pay 
dividends or otherwise engage in capital distributions.  

The Company and the Bank will be affected by the monetary and fiscal policies of various agencies of the United States Government, 
including  the  Federal  Reserve  System.  In  view  of  changing  conditions  in  the  national  economy  and  in  the  money  markets,  it  is 
impossible for management to accurately predict future changes in monetary policy or the effect of such changes on the business or 
financial condition of the Company or the Bank. 

The Company’s status as a registered BHC under the Bank Holding Company Act will not exempt it from certain federal and state 
laws  and  regulations  applicable  to  corporations  generally,  including,  without  limitation,  certain  provisions  of  the  federal  securities 
laws.

Federal Securities Laws

The  Company’s  common  stock  is  registered  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  under  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of 
1934.  We are subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading restrictions and other requirements under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934.

The registration  under the Securities Act  of 1933  of the Company’s  shares of  common  stock  issued in  the  Company’s initial  stock 
offering does not cover the resale of those shares.  Shares of common stock purchased by persons who are not our affiliates may be 
resold without registration.  Shares purchased by our affiliates are subject to the resale restrictions of Rule 144 under the Securities 
Act of 1933.  If we meet the current public information requirements of Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, each affiliate of 
ours that complies with the other conditions of Rule 144, including those that require the affiliate’s sale to be aggregated with those of 
other persons, would be able to sell in the public market, without registration, a number of shares not to exceed, in any three-month 
period, the greater of 1% of our outstanding shares, or the average weekly volume of trading in the shares during the preceding four 
calendar weeks.  In the future, we may permit affiliates to have their shares registered for sale under the Securities Act of 1933.

- 26 -

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

The  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002  addresses,  among  other  issues,  corporate  governance,  auditing  and  accounting,  executive 
compensation,  and  enhanced  and  timely  disclosure  of  corporate  information.  We  have  prepared  policies,  procedures  and  systems 
designed to ensure compliance with these regulations.

FEDERAL AND STATE TAXATION

Deferred  Income  Tax  Assets  and  Liabilities.    Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  determined  using  the  liability  method.  
Under  this  method,  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  is  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences.    This  is  attributable  to  the 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases as well as 
net  operating  and  capital  loss  carry  forwards.    Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted  tax  rates  applied  to 
taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax 
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date.  If 
current  available  evidence  about  the  future  raises  doubt  about  the  likelihood  of  a  deferred  tax  asset  being  realized,  a  valuation 
allowance  is  established.    The  judgment  about  the  level  of  future  taxable  income,  including  that  which  is  considered  capital,  is 
inherently subjective and is reviewed on a continual basis as regulatory and business factors change.  

Federal Taxation

General.  The Bank and the Company are subject to federal income taxation in the same general manner as other corporations, with 
some exceptions discussed below.  The following discussion of federal taxation is intended only to summarize certain pertinent federal 
income tax matters and is not a comprehensive description of the tax rules applicable to the Company or the Bank.  

The Company’s federal tax returns are statutorily subject to potential audit for the years 2018 through 2021.  No federal income tax 
returns are under audit as of the date of this report.

Method  of  Accounting.    For  federal  income  tax  purposes,  the  Company  currently  reports  its  income  and  expenses  on  the  accrual 
method of accounting and uses a tax year ending December 31 for filing its federal and state income tax returns. 

Bad Debt Reserves.  Prior to 1996, Pathfinder Bank was permitted to establish a reserve for bad debts and to make annual additions to 
the reserve. These additions could, within specified formula limits, be deducted in arriving at our taxable income. As a result of tax 
law  changes  in  1996,  Pathfinder  Bank  was  required  to  use  the  specific  charge-off  method  in  computing  its  bad  debt  deduction 
beginning with its 1996 federal tax return. Savings institutions were required to recapture any excess reserves over those established as 
of December 31, 1987 (base year reserve). At December 31, 2021, Pathfinder Bank had no reserves subject to recapture in excess of 
its base year reserves.  The Bank continues to be required to use the specific charge-off method to account for tax bad debt deductions.  

Taxable Distributions and Recapture.  Prior to 1996, bad debt reserves created prior to 1988 were subject to recapture into taxable 
income if Pathfinder Bank failed to meet certain thrift asset and definitional tests or made certain distributions.  Tax law changes in 
1996 eliminated thrift-related recapture rules.  However, under current law, pre-1988 tax bad debt reserves remain subject to recapture 
if  Pathfinder  Bank  makes  certain  non-dividend  distributions,  repurchases  any  of  its  common  stock,  pays  dividends  in  excess  of 
earnings and profits, or fails to qualify as a “bank” for tax purposes.  At December 31, 2021 our total federal pre-base year bad debt 
reserve was approximately $1.3 million.

Net Operating Loss Carryovers. Federal tax law allows net operating losses to be carried forward indefinitely with the net operating 
loss deduction limited to 80% of taxable income in any carryforward year.

Corporate Dividends Received Deduction. The Company may exclude from its federal taxable income 100% of dividends received 
from Pathfinder Bank as a wholly-owned subsidiary by filing consolidated tax returns.  The corporate dividends received deduction is 
65%  when  the  corporation  receiving  the  dividend  owns  at  least  20%  of  the  stock  of  the  distributing  corporation.    The  dividends-
received deduction is 50% when the corporation receiving the dividend owns less than 20% of the distributing corporation.

Interest Expense.  Federal tax law limits a taxpayer’s annual deduction of business interest expense to the sum of (i) business interest 
income  and  (ii)  30%  of  “ adjusted  taxable  income” ,  defined  as  a  business’ s  taxable  income  without  taking  into  account  business 
interest income or expense, net operating losses, and, for 2018 through 2021, depreciation, amortization and depletion.  Because we 
generate significant amounts of net interest income, we do not expect to be impacted by this limitation.

Employee Compensation.  A publicly held corporation is not permitted to deduct compensation in excess of $1 million per year paid 
to  certain  employees.    Federal  tax  law  eliminates  certain  exceptions  to  the  $1  million  limit  applicable  under  prior  law  related  to 
performance-based compensation, such as equity grants and cash bonuses that are paid only on the attainment of performance goals. 

- 27 -

Business Asset Expensing.  Federal tax law allows taxpayers to immediately expense the entire cost of certain depreciable tangible 
property and real property improvements acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017 and before January 1, 2023 (with an 
additional year for certain property).  This 100% bonus depreciation is phased out proportionately for property placed in service on or 
after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2027 (with an additional year for certain property).

State Taxation

New York State franchise tax is imposed in an amount equal to the greater of 6.5% of Business Income for companies with a Business 
Income Base up to $5 million, or 7.25% for companies with a Business Income Base greater than $5 million, 0.025% and 0.1875% of 
average  Business  Capital  for  2020  and  2021,  respectively,  or  a  fixed  dollar  amount  based  on  New  York  sourced  gross  receipts.  
Various  Business  Income  subtraction  modifications  are  available  to  qualified  banks  based  on  its  qualified  loan  portfolio.  
Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company changed its subtraction modification from that of a captive real estate investment trust 
(REIT) to one based on interest income from qualifying loans.  This change follows the laws enacted by New York State effective 
January 1, 2015.  

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company filed amended New York State tax returns for 2015 through 2017 (the “carryback years”). 
The returns were amended from their original filings in order to file carryback claims utilizing New York State net operating losses 
generated under New York State tax law in 2018.  As a result, the Company received $316,000 in tax refunds from New York State 
for taxes previously paid in the carryback years.  This refund has been applied to the effective tax rate of the Company in 2020 in 
accordance with GAAP.

As a Maryland business corporation, the Company is required to file an annual report with, and pay franchise taxes to, the State of 
Maryland.

ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS

Not required of a smaller reporting company.

ITEM 1B: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

- 28 -

ITEM 2: PROPERTIES

The Company has seven offices located in Oswego County, three offices located in Onondaga County and one limited purpose office 
located  in  Oneida  County.    Management  believes  that  the  Bank’s  facilities  are  adequate  for  the  business  conducted.  The  following 
table  sets  forth  certain  information  concerning  the  main  office  and  each  branch  office  of  the  Bank  at  December  31,  2021.    The 
aggregate net book value of the Bank's premises and equipment was $21.7 million at December 31, 2021. For additional information 
regarding the Bank's properties, see Notes 8 and 18 to the consolidated financial statements.

Opening Date
1874

Owned/Leased
Owned

1989

Owned (1)

1978

1994

2002

Owned

Owned

Owned

2003

Owned (2)

2005

2011

Owned

Owned

2014

Leased (3)

2018

Leased (4)

2017

Leased (5)

Location
Main Office
214 West First Street
Oswego, New York  13126

Plaza Branch
291 State Route 104 East
Oswego, New York  13126

Mexico Branch
3361 Main Street
Mexico, New York  13114

Oswego East Branch
34 East Bridge Street
Oswego, New York  13126

Lacona Branch
1897 Harwood Drive
Lacona, New York 13083

Fulton Branch
5 West First Street South
Fulton, New York  13069

Central Square Branch
3025 East Ave
Central Square, New York  13036

Cicero Branch
6194 State Route 31
Cicero, New York 13039

Pike Block Branch
109 West Fayette Street
Syracuse, New York 13202

Clay Branch
3775 State Route 31
Liverpool, NY 13090

Utica Loan Production Office
258 Genesee Street
Utica, New York 13502

(1) The building is owned; the underlying land is leased with an annual rent of $37,000.
(2) The building is owned; the underlying land is leased with an annual rent of $37,000.
(3) The premises are leased with an annual rent of $90,000.
(4) The premises are leased with an annual rent of $74,000.
(5) The premises are leased with an annual rent of $16,000.

- 29 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There are various claims and lawsuits to which the Company is periodically involved that are incidental to the Company's business, 
most  notably  foreclosures.    In  the  opinion  of  management,  such  claims  and  lawsuits  in  the  aggregate  are  not  expected  to  have  a 
material adverse impact on the Company's consolidated financial condition and results of operations at December 31, 2021.

ITEM 4: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

PART  II

ITEM 5:  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “PBHC.”  

There  were  322  shareholders  of  record  (excluding  the  number  of  persons  or  entities  holding  stock  in  street  name  through  various 
brokerage firms) as of March 22, 2022.  

The Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock during the fourth quarter of 2021.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2021 with respect to shares of common stock that may be issued under 
the Company’s existing equity compensation plans.

Number of securities to be issued
upon exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and rights 

Weighted-average exercise
price of outstanding
options, warrants and rights 

Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance under
equity compensation plans 

264,270 

 $

N/A 

10.98 

N/A 

4,382 

N/A  

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans
   approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans
   not approved by stockholders

Dividends and Dividend History

The Company (and its predecessor) has historically paid regular quarterly cash dividends on its common stock.  The board of directors 
presently intends to continue the payment of regular quarterly cash dividends, subject to the need for those funds for debt service and 
other purposes.  Payment of dividends on the common stock is subject to determination and declaration by the board of directors and 
will depend upon a number of factors, including capital requirements, regulatory limitations on the payment of dividends, Pathfinder 
Bank and its subsidiaries’ results of operations and financial condition, tax considerations, and general economic conditions.  More 
details are included within the section titled Regulation and Supervision.  

ITEM 6: RESERVED

- 30 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
ITEM  7:  MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND  RESULTS  OF 
OPERATIONS.

INTRODUCTION

Throughout  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  (“MD&A”)  the  term,  the  “Company”,  refers  to  the  consolidated  entity  of 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.  Pathfinder Bank (the “Bank”) and Pathfinder Statutory Trust II are wholly owned subsidiaries of Pathfinder 
Bancorp,  Inc.;  however,  Pathfinder  Statutory  Trust  II  is  not  consolidated  for  reporting  purposes  (see  Note  13  of  the  consolidated 
financial  statements).    Pathfinder  Risk  Management  Company,  Inc.,  and  Whispering  Oaks  Development  Corp.  are  wholly  owned 
subsidiaries of Pathfinder Bank. 

On  October  16,  2014,  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  MHC  converted  from  the  mutual  to  stock  form  of  organization  (the  “Conversion”).    In 
connection with the Conversion, the Company sold 2,636,053 shares of common stock to depositors at $10.00 per share.  Shareholders 
of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc., a federal corporation (“Pathfinder-Federal”), the Company’s predecessor, received 1.6472 shares of the 
Company’s  common  stock  for  each  share  of  Pathfinder-Federal  common  stock  they  owned  immediately  prior  to  completion  of  the 
transaction.    Following  the  completion  of  the  Conversion,  Pathfinder-Federal  was  succeeded  by  the  Company  and  Pathfinder 
Bancorp, MHC ceased to exist.  The Company had 5,983,467 and 4,531,383 shares outstanding at December 31, 2021 and December 
31, 2020, respectively.

On  June  1,  2016,  Pathfinder  Bank,  a  savings  bank  chartered  by  the  NYSDFS,  merged  into  Pathfinder  Commercial  Bank,  a  limited 
purpose  commercial  bank  also  chartered  by  the  NYSDFS.   Prior  to  the  merger,  Pathfinder  Bank  owned  100%  of  Pathfinder 
Commercial Bank.  On that same date, NYSDFS expanded the powers that it had previously granted to Pathfinder Commercial Bank 
and chartered Pathfinder Commercial Bank as a fully-empowered commercial bank.  Simultaneously, the entity that had operated as 
“Pathfinder  Commercial  Bank”  changed  its  name  to  “Pathfinder  Bank.”   As  a  result  of  this  charter  conversion  and  accompanying 
name  change,  the  entity  now  known  as  “Pathfinder  Bank”  is  a  commercial  bank  with  the  full  range  of  powers  granted  under  a 
commercial banking charter in New York State.  The merger, which had no effect on the Company’s results of operations, converted 
the consolidated Bank from a savings bank to a commercial bank and was completed in order to better align the Bank’s organization 
certificate with its long-term strategic focus.

Since the Conversion, we have substantially transformed our business activities from those of a traditional savings bank to those of a 
commercial bank.  This transformation of activities has significantly affected the overall composition of our balance sheet. While not 
reducing our role as a leading originator of one-to-four family residential real estate loans within our marketplace, which had been our 
primary  focus  as  a  savings  bank,  we  have  substantially  grown  our  commercial  business  and  commercial  real  estate  loan  portfolios 
since  the  Conversion.  As  a  commercial  bank,  we  have  been  able  to  offer  customized  products  and  services  to  meet  individual 
commercial  customer  needs  and  thereby  more  definitively  differentiate  our  services  from  those  offered  by  our  competitors.    As  a 
result, we have been able to create a substantially more diversified loan portfolio than the one that was in place before the completion 
of the Conversion.  When compared to the Bank’s loan portfolio composition prior to the Conversion, it is our view that our current 
asset  portfolio  (1)  significantly  improves  upon  the  distribution  of  credit  risk  across  a  broader  range  of  borrowers,  industries  and 
collateral types, and (2) is more likely to generate consistent net interest margins in a broader range of interest rate environments due 
to the portfolio’s increased percentage of shorter-term and/or adjustable-rate assets.  In a concurrent effort, the Bank has been able to 
fund the majority of the high level of growth in our loan portfolios primarily with deposits gathered from our local community.  We 
believe that we have gathered these deposits at a reasonable overall cost in terms of deposit interest rates, as well as at a reasonable 
overall level of related infrastructure and customer support service expenses.  

On  May  8,  2019,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  (the  “Securities  Purchase  Agreement”)  with  Castle 
Creek Capital Partners VII, L.P. (“Castle Creek”), pursuant to which the Company sold: (i) 37,700 shares of the Company’s common 
stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $14.25 per share (the “Common Stock”); (ii) 1,155,283 shares of a new series 
of preferred stock, Series B convertible perpetual preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $14.25 per share 
(the  “Series  B  Preferred  Stock”);  and  (iii)  a  warrant,  with  an  approximate  fair  value  of  $373,000,  to  purchase  125,000  shares  of 
Common Stock at an exercise price initially equal to $14.25 per share (the “Warrant”), in a private placement transaction (the “Private 
Placement”)  for  gross  proceeds  of  approximately  $17.0  million.    The  Securities  Purchase  Agreement  contains  significant 
representations, warranties, and covenants of the Company and Castle Creek. 

On  May  8,  2019,  the  Company  filed  Articles  Supplementary  with  the  Maryland  Department  of  Assessments  and  Taxation  to  issue 
1,155,283 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Castle Creek. Each share of the Series B Preferred Stock was convertible on a one-for-
one  basis  into  either  (i)  Common  Stock  under  certain  circumstances  or  (ii)  non-voting  common  stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share 
(which will also be convertible into Common Stock), subject to approval of the creation of such class of non-voting common stock by 
the Company’s stockholders.  

The  Company  also  entered  into  subscription  agreements  dated  as  of  May  8,  2019  (the  “Subscription  Agreements”)  with  certain 
directors and executive officers of the Company as well as other accredited investors. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, the 
investors purchased an aggregate of 269,277 shares of Common Stock at $14.25 per share for gross proceeds of approximately $3.8 
million,  before  payment  of  placement  fees  and  related  costs  and  expenses.  The  Subscription  Agreements  contain  representations, 

- 31 -

warranties, and covenants of the purchasers and the Company that are customary in private placement transactions.  The subscription 
agreements were also part of the Private Placement, and the term “Private Placement” includes both transactions.  

In  total,  therefore,  the  Company  issued  306,977  shares  of  Common  Stock,  1,155,283  shares  of  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  and  the 
Warrant  at  the  conclusion  of  the  Private  Placement.    The  transaction  raised  $20.8  million  in  gross  proceeds  and  the  final  net  cash 
received from the Private Placement, after all issuance expenses, including placement fees and all other issuance/due diligence costs of 
$927,000 and $342,000, respectively, was $19.6 million.  The fair value of the Warrant at the time of issuance was $373,000.  

Pursuant to Nasdaq rules, Castle Creek could not convert the Series B Preferred Stock or, in the future, the non-voting common stock 
into  Common  Stock,  or  exercise  the  Warrant  if  doing  so  would  cause  Castle  Creek,  when  combined  with  the  purchases  of  certain 
directors  and  executive  officers  of  the  Company  as  well  as  other  accredited  investors  in  the  Private  Placement,  to  own  more  than 
19.99% of the Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Exchange 
Cap”).  The Company was required to request stockholder approval to eliminate the Exchange Cap no later than at the 2021 annual 
meeting of Company shareholders. In addition, at the same meeting, the Company was required to seek shareholder approval to create 
a class of non-voting convertible common stock. Castle Creek will need the approval or non-objection of the Board of Governors of 
the Federal Reserve System and the New York State Department of Financial Services if it seeks to increase its ownership of shares of 
Common Stock in excess of 9.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.

Holders  of  the  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  were  entitled  to  receive  dividends  if  declared  by  the  Company’s  board  of  directors,  in  the 
same  per  share  amount  as  paid  on  the  Common  Stock.  No  dividends  would  be  payable  on  the  Common  Stock  unless  a  dividend 
identical to that paid on the Common Stock was payable at the same time on the Series B Preferred Stock.  The Series B Preferred 
Stock would rank, as to payments of dividends and distribution of assets upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company, 
pari passu with the Common Stock pro rata. Holders of Series B Preferred Stock had no voting rights except as was required by law.  
The Series B Preferred Stock was not redeemable by either the Company or by the holder.  

As discussed above, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, on May 8, 2019, the Company issued a Warrant to Castle Creek 
to  purchase  125,000  shares  of  non-voting  common  stock  at  an  exercise  price  equal  to  $14.25  per  share.    At  the  same  time,  the 
Company  entered  into  a  Warrant  Agreement  with  Castle  Creek,  to,  among  other  things,  authorize  and  establish  the  terms  of  the 
Warrant. The Warrant is exercisable at any time after May 8, 2019, and from time to time, in whole or in part, until May 8, 2026. 
However,  the  exercise  of  such  Warrant  remains  subject  to  certain  contractual  provisions,  and  regulatory  approval  if  Castle  Creek’s 
ownership  of  Common  Stock  would  exceed  9.9%.    At  December  31,  2021,  Castle  Creek  owned  approximately  8.9%  of  the 
Company’s common voting stock.  The Warrant will receive dividends equal to the amount paid on the Company’s common stock.  
The dividend payment shall be calculated on (1) the unexercised portion of the 125,000 notional shares encompassed within the terms 
of the Warrant, less (2) any exercised portion of the 125,000 shares, times (3) the amount of the quarterly dividend paid to common 
shareholders.  Dividend payments, if declared on the Company’s common stock, will be made on the Warrant until its expiration date.  

Following the Private Placement, the Company used the net cash received from the transaction to strengthen the Company’s general 
capital and liquidity positions, fund growth within our marketplace, purchase certain loan assets, and increase the regulatory capital 
position  of  the  Bank.    The  Company  will  continue  to  use  the  additional  capital  raised  through  the  Private  Placement  primarily  to 
support  the  realization  of  continued  growth  opportunities  within  our  marketplace  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  for  general  corporate 
purposes. 

Pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the  Securities  Purchase  Agreement,  Castle  Creek  is  entitled  to  have  one  representative  appointed  to  the 
Company’s board of directors for so long as Castle Creek, together with its respective affiliates, owns, in the aggregate, 4.9% or more 
of all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Voting Stock.  If Castle Creek, together with its respective affiliates, owns, 
in the aggregate, 4.9% or more of all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Voting Stock and does not have a board 
representative appointed to the Company’s board of directors, the Company will invite a person designated by Castle Creek to attend 
meetings  of  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  as  an  observer.    At  December  31,  2021,  Castle  Creek  elected  to  have  an  observer 
present at substantially all meetings of the Company’s board of directors.

On November 13, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with Castle Creek providing for the 
exchange of 225,000 shares of the Company’s Common stock owned by Castle Creek for 225,000 shares of the Company’s Series B 
Preferred Stock. The exchange was consummated simultaneously with the execution and delivery of the Exchange Agreement. The 
Company  and  Castle  Creek  entered  into  the  Exchange  Agreement  to  enable  the  equity  ownership  of  Castle  Creek  to  comply  with 
applicable banking laws and regulations. 

As a result of the Exchange Agreement, on November 13, 2020, the Company issued to Castle Creek 225,000 shares of its Series B 
Preferred Stock in exchange for an equivalent number of shares of Company Common Stock held by Castle Creek in a transaction 
exempt from registration under Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Castle Creek is the only stockholder of the 
Series B Preferred Stock. The Company received no cash proceeds as a result of the exchange. In addition, the Company did not pay 
any commission or remuneration for the solicitation of the exchange 

- 32 -

On  November  13,  2020,  the  Company  filed  an  amendment  to  the  Articles  Supplementary  to  the  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  the 
Company  designating  the  Series  B  Preferred  Stock  with  the  Maryland  Department  of  Assessments  and  Taxation  to  increase  the 
classified number of shares of the Series B Preferred Stock from 1,155,283 to 1,506,000 to allow for the additional issuance of Series 
B Preferred Stock to Castle Creek. There were no other changes made to the preferences, limitations, powers and relative rights of the 
Series B Preferred Stock.

On June 4, 2021, shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation to authorize Non-
Voting  Common  Stock,  and  to  eliminate  the  Exchange  Cap.    On  June  9,  2021,  the  Company  filed  Articles  Supplementary  to  the 
Articles  of  Incorporation  of  the  Company  (the  “Articles  Supplementary”)  with  the  Maryland  State  Department  of  Assessments  and 
Taxation  creating  a  Class  A  Non-Voting  Common  Stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share  (“Non-Voting  Common  Stock”).  The  Articles 
Supplementary  authorized  1,505,283  shares  of  the  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  which  Castle  Creek  received  in  exchange  for  the 
Company’s outstanding Series B Preferred Stock on a one for one basis and allowed for the issuance of 125,000 shares of Non-Voting 
Common Stock that may be issued upon the exercise of the Warrant.  

The preferences, limitations, powers and relative rights of the Non-Voting Common Stock are set forth in the Articles Supplementary, 
a summary of which follows:

Ranking:  The  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  will  rank,  as  to  the  payment  of  dividends  and  distribution  of  assets  upon  dissolution, 
liquidation or winding up of the Company, (i) pari passu with the Company’s Common Stock, and (ii) subordinate and junior to all 
other  securities  of  the  Company  which,  by  their  respective  terms,  are  senior  to  the  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  or  the  Company’s 
Common Stock.

Dividend  Rights:  Holders  of  the  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  will  be  entitled  to  receive  dividends  when,  as  and  if  declared  by  the 
Company’s Board of Directors, in the same per share amount as paid on Company’s Common Stock. No dividends will be payable on 
the Company’s Common Stock unless a dividend identical to that paid on the Company’s Common Stock is payable at the same time 
on  the  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  in  an  amount  per  share  equal  to  the  product  of  (i)  the  per  share  dividend  declared  and  paid  in 
respect of each share of the Company’s Common Stock and (ii) the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock into which 
such  share  of  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  is  then  convertible  (without  regard  to  limitations  on  conversion  of  such  Non-Voting 
Common  Stock);  provided  that  if  any  stock  dividend  is  declared  on  the  Company’s  Common  Stock,  the  holders  of  Non-Voting 
Common Stock will be entitled to receive such dividend payable in shares of Non-Voting Common Stock.

Voting: The holders of shares of Non-Voting Common Stock have no voting rights, except as may be required by Maryland law and 
as  set  forth  in  the  Articles  Supplementary.    So  long  as  any  shares  of  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  are  issued  and  outstanding,  the 
Company  will  not  (including  by  means  of  merger,  consolidation  or  otherwise)  without  obtaining  the  approval  of  the  holders  of  a 
majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Non-Voting Common Stock:

•

•

•

alter or change the rights, preferences, privileges or restrictions provided for the benefit of the holders of the Non-Voting 
Common Stock so as to affect them adversely;

increase or decrease the authorized number of shares of Non-Voting Common Stock; or

enter  into  any  agreement,  merger  or  business  combination,  or  engage  in  any  other  transaction,  or  take  any  action  that 
would have the effect of adversely changing any preference or any relative or other right provided for the benefit of the 
holders of the Non-Voting Common Stock.

Redemption  and  Repurchase:  The  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  is  not  redeemable  by  the  Company  or  the  holder.    However,  in  the 
event that the Company offers to repurchase shares of the Company’s Common Stock, the Company must offer to repurchase shares 
of the Non-Voting Common Stock pro rata based upon the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock such holders would be 
entitled to receive if such shares were converted into shares of the Company’s Common Stock immediately prior to such repurchase.

Conversion: Each share of Non-Voting Common Stock will be convertible into one share of the Company’s Common Stock (i) at any 
time  and  from  time  to  time  at  the  request  of  the  holder  thereof  or  at  the  written  request  of  the  Company;  provided  that  upon  such 
conversion,  the  holder,  together  with  all  affiliates  of  the  holder,  will  not  own  or  control  in  the  aggregate  more  than  9.9%  of  the 
Company’s  Common  Stock  (or  of  any  class  of  the  Company’s  voting  securities),  excluding  for  the  purpose  of  this  calculation  any 
reduction in the ownership resulting from transfers by such holder of voting securities (which, for the avoidance of doubt, does not 
included the Non-Voting Common Stock); or (ii) automatically, without any further action of the part of the holder, on the date that 
the holder transfers such share of Non-Voting Common Stock to a non-affiliate of the holder in a permissible transfer.

We  have  consistently  maintained  our  historically  strong  presence  in  consumer  deposit  gathering  and  residential  mortgage  lending 
activities.    Notwithstanding  the  retention  of  these  business  lines,  we  have  strategically  emphasized  developing  our  business  and 

- 33 -

commercial  banking  franchise  by  offering  products  that  are  attractive  to  small-to  medium-sized  businesses  in  our  market  area.  We 
differentiate  our  commercial  loan  solutions  and  related  services  through  the  maintenance  of  high  standards  of  customer  service, 
solution flexibility and convenience.  Highlights of our business strategy are as follows:

•

•

•

•

•

Continuing  our  emphasis  on  commercial  business  and  commercial  real  estate  lending.  In  recent  years,  we  have 
successfully increased our commercial business and commercial real estate lending activities and portfolio size, consistent 
with safe and sound underwriting practices. In this regard, we have added, and will continue to add, personnel who are 
experienced in originating, underwriting and servicing commercial real estate and commercial business loans.  We view 
the growth of our commercial business and commercial real estate loans as a means of further diversifying and increasing 
our interest income.  In increasing our business banking activities, we seek to continuously deepen relationships with local 
businesses,  which  offer  recurring  and  potentially  increasing  sources  of  both  fee  income  and  lower-cost  transactional 
deposits.  In that regard, our emphasis on commercial business and commercial real estate lending has complimented, and 
will  continue  to  compliment,  our  traditional  one-to-four  family  residential  real  estate  lending  and  consumer  deposit 
gathering franchises.

Providing  quality  customer  service.  Our  strategy  emphasizes  providing  quality  customer  service  and  meeting  the 
financial needs of our customer base by offering a full complement of loan, deposit, financial services and online banking 
solutions.  Our competitive advantage is our ability to make decisions, such as approving loans, more quickly - and with 
greater flexibility in many cases - than our market competitors.  Customers enjoy, and will continue to enjoy, access to 
senior executives and local decision makers at the Bank and the flexibility that such access brings to their businesses.

Optimizing  our  deposit  mix.    We  seek  to  enhance  the  overall  characteristics  of  our  deposit  base  by  emphasizing  both 
consumer and business nonmaturity deposit gathering.  We also seek to reduce our overall reliance on borrowed funds and 
brokered deposits as a source of funding for future asset growth.  During the second half of 2019, we began a significant 
refocusing  of  the  Company’s  resources,  most  notably  through  personnel  training,  modifications  to  incentive  programs, 
and  the  high  prioritization  of  operationalizing  and/or  enhancing  customer-facing  technologies  that  are  focused  on 
transactional  deposits.  The  goal  of  these  efforts  was,  and  remains,  to  better  position  the  Company  to  compete  in  our 
marketplace  for  these  types  of  deposits  in  future  periods.  During  2021,  the  Bank  recorded  an  increase  in  combined 
business  and  consumer  nonmaturity  deposits  of  $81.3  million,  or  18.6%.  This  increase  was  due  to  several  factors, 
including the Bank’s continued focus on the gathering of these deposits, the net effects of PPP activity, some of which is 
considered  to  be  transitory,  and  changing  depositor  behavior  related  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  We  expect  to  make 
nonmaturity deposit gathering a point of significant organizational focus for the foreseeable future.

Continuing  to  grow  our  customer  relationships  and  deposit  base  by  expanding  our  branch  network.  As  conditions 
permit, we will expand our branch network through a combination of de novo branching and, potentially, acquisitions of 
branches  and/or  other  financial  services  companies.    We  believe  that  as  we  expand  our  branch  network,  our  customer 
relationships  and  deposit  base  will  continue  to  grow.    Our  branch  expansion  focus  will  be  primarily  within  Onondaga 
County, NY, which encompasses the greater Syracuse, NY area.  We currently have three branches in Onondaga County, 
including the branch in Clay, NY that we opened in the fourth quarter of 2018. We continue to actively seek opportunities 
for  an  increased  presence  within  that  marketplace.  This  is  consistent  with  our  belief  that  we  have  already  achieved 
meaningful brand recognition among potential customers there.  In addition to the full-service branches located in Oswego 
and Onondaga Counties, we opened, in 2017, a loan production office in Utica, located in Oneida County, NY, to increase 
our availability to potential commercial and business loan customers within that market area.  We will continue to seek 
similar branch network expansion opportunities in the future.

Consistent  with  this  strategy,  in  November  2018,  the  Bank  acquired  a  property  on  West  Onondaga  Street  in  Syracuse, 
which was intended to be renovated and converted into another full-service banking location.  This property was sold to 
an experienced real estate developer in the fourth quarter of 2020.  The intent of the sale was to access the purchaser’s 
greater ability to utilize certain available tax credits that are more beneficial to the purchaser than they would be to the 
Company,  if  the  Company  accessed  those  credits  directly.    Management  believes  that  the  benefits  of  the  more-fully-
utilized tax credits have been passed through to the Company under the terms of a negotiated lease agreement with the 
property’s purchaser acting as the lessor.  We have substantially completed the planned renovation work on the acquired 
facility and expect to open our new Southwest Syracuse branch office by the second quarter of 2022.  We consider the 
Syracuse Southwest Corridor neighborhood, where this property is located, to be an under-banked area within our target 
marketplace and believe that this branch will qualify for various economic incentives under New York State’s Banking 
Development District (“BDD”) program.  The BDD program is designed to encourage the establishment of bank branches 
in areas where there is a demonstrated need for additional banking services.  The program was developed in recognition of 
the  fact  that  banks  play  a  critically  important  role  in  promoting  individual  wealth,  community  development,  and 
revitalization. This property investment demonstrates Pathfinder Bank’s firm commitment to servicing diverse economic 
areas within its geographic market.  

Diversifying  our  products  and  services  with  a  goal  of  increasing  non-interest  income  over  time.    We  have  sought  to 
reduce our dependence on net interest income by increasing fee-based income across a broad spectrum of loan and deposit 
products.  It is expected that we will also benefit from increased ancillary income for service activities related to those 

- 34 -

•

•

•

products.  The Company completed a comprehensive study in late 2019 to better understand and monitor the competitive 
environment  for  these  types  of  noninterest  income  opportunities  and  to  improve  its  product  design  and  customer 
relationship optimization strategies.  A significant number of product design changes were implemented in 2021 and have 
yielded the expected financial benefits and are expected to continue to do so in future periods.  In recent years, we have 
also sought to increase the breadth of services that we provide to our customers.  We offer property and casualty and life 
insurance through our subsidiary, Pathfinder Risk Management Company, Inc., and its insurance agency subsidiary, the 
FitzGibbons Agency, LLC. Additionally, Pathfinder Bank’s investment services operations provide brokerage services to 
our customers for purchasing stocks, bonds, mutual funds, annuities, and long-term care insurance products.  We intend to 
gradually increase our emphasis on the growth of these businesses.  We believe that there will be resultant opportunities to 
cross-sell these products to our deposit and loan customers which will thereby increase our non-interest income over time.

Investing in our banking platform and technologies.  We have committed significant resources to establish a banking 
platform  to  accommodate  future  growth  by  upgrading  our  information  systems  and  customer  service  technologies, 
maintaining a robust risk management and compliance staff, improving credit administration functionality, and upgrading 
our  physical  infrastructure.  We  believe  that  these  investments  will  enable  us  to  achieve  operational  efficiencies  with 
minimal additional investments, while providing increased convenience for our customers.

Controlling  the  rate  of  growth  in  operating  expenses.    The  Company  has  sought  to  reduce  the  rate  of  growth  in  its 
operating  expenses  relative  to  its  rate  of  revenue  growth  and  to  thereby  increase  the  Company’s  overall  profitability.  
Substantial  new  budgetary  and  expense  control  mechanisms  were  implemented  during  2019  that  management  believes 
have contributed to a reduction in overall operating expenses in 2021 and 2020, and that will continue to reduce the rate of 
growth in operating expenses in 2022 and beyond. In 2021, the Company’s efficiency ratio was 63.1%, a 5.6% decline 
from  the  68.7%  efficiency  ratio  in  2020,  which  is  consistent  with  the  implementation  of  these  budgetary  and  expense 
control mechanisms.

Managing capital. The Company received $24.9 million in net proceeds from the sale of approximately 2.6 million shares 
of common stock as a result of the Conversion in October 2014.  In October 2015, the Company executed the issuance of 
the  $10.0  million  non-amortizing  Subordinated  Loan  and  subsequently  used  those  proceeds  in  February  2016  to 
substantially fund the full retirement of $13.0 million in SBLF Preferred stock.  The Company received $19.6 million in 
net proceeds from the sale of 306,977 shares of common stock and 1,155,283 shares of preferred stock as a result of the 
Private Placement in May 2019. In October 2020, the Company executed the issuance of $25.0 million in non-amortizing 
subordinated debt.  In April 2021, the Company retired the subordinated debt that it had issued in October 2015, thereby 
reducing  its  outstanding  balance  of  Subordinated  Loans  from  $39.4  million  at  December  31,  2020  to  $29.6  million  at 
December 31, 2021.  Since 2014, we have therefore successfully leveraged the $44.5 million in net new equity capital and 
the  $35.0  million  in  the  two  Subordinated  Loans  by  growing  our  consolidated  assets  by  $724.2  million,  or  129.1%,  to 
$1.23 billion at December 31, 2021.  It is our intent to balance our future growth with capital adequacy considerations in a 
manner that will continue to allow us to effectively serve all of our key stakeholders and maintain our “well capitalized” 
capital position.

COVID-19 Response  

In early January 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) issued an alert that a novel coronavirus outbreak was emanating 
from Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Over the course of the next several weeks, the outbreak continued to spread to various regions 
of the world, prompting the World Health Organization to declare COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020.   In the United 
States, by the end of March 2020, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus invoked various Federal and New York State authorities to 
make  emergency  declarations  and  issue  executive  orders  to  limit  the  spread  of  the  disease.    Measures  included  restrictions  on 
international  and  domestic  travel,  limitations  on  public  gatherings,  implementation  of  social  distancing  and  sanitization  protocols, 
school closings, orders to shelter in place and mandates to close all non-essential businesses to the public.  To widely varying degrees, 
largely  dependent  upon  the  level  of  regional  and  national  outbreaks  and  the  resultant  levels  of  capacity  constraints  on  available 
medical resources, these very substantial mandated curtailments of social and economic activity were relaxed globally in the third and 
fourth  quarters  of  2020.    However,  within  various  time  periods  during  2021  that  extended  into  early  2022,  the  number  of  reported 
positive cases in the United States spiked to very high levels due to the emergence of new variants of the virus.   At the date of this 
filing, the majority of the United States, including the areas in which the Company has its operations, has returned to substantively 
normal business and social activities.  

As a result of the initial and continuing outbreak, and governmental responses thereto, the spread of the coronavirus has caused us to 
modify  our  business  practices,  including  employee  travel,  employee  work  locations,  and  cancellation  of  physical  participation  in 
meetings,  events  and  conferences.    The  Company  has  many  employees  working  remotely  and  has  significantly  reduced  physical 
customer  contact  with  employees  and  other  customers.    Initially,  branch  activities  were  limited  to  drive-thru  transactions  whenever 
possible, teleconferencing and in-branch “appointments only” services.  The Bank’s branches were made fully accessible to the public 
in the early fall of 2020, but remained in strict compliance with all applicable social distancing and sanitization guidelines.  Since the 
start of the pandemic, transactional volume has also increased through the Bank’s telephone, mobile and internet banking channels.  

- 35 -

We will take further actions, focused on safety, as may be required by government authorities or that we determine to be in the best 
interests of our employees, customers and business partners. 

Concerns about the spread of the disease and its anticipated negative impact on economic activity, severely disrupted both domestic 
and international financial markets prompting the world’s central banks to inject significant amounts of monetary stimulus into their 
respective  economies.  In  the  United  States,  the  Federal  Reserve  System’s  Federal  Open  Market  Committee,  swiftly  cut  the  target 
Federal Funds rate to a range of 0% to 0.25%, where it remained as of December 31, 2021.  In addition, the Federal Reserve initiated 
various  market  support  programs  to  ease  the  stress  on  financial  markets.    This  significant  reduction  in  short-term  interest  rates  has 
reduced, and will continue to reduce, the Bank’s cost of funds and interest earning-asset yields.  The long-term effects of the current 
interest rate environment, resulting from government and central bank responses to the pandemic, on the Bank’s net interest margin 
cannot be predicted with certainty at this time.

The  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and  Economic  Security  Act  (“CARES  Act”),  signed  into  law  on  March  27,  2020,  provided  financial 
assistance  in  various  forms  to  both  businesses  and  consumers,  including  the  establishment  and  funding  of  the  Paycheck  Protection 
Program (“PPP”).  In addition, the CARES Act also created many directives affecting the operations of financial services providers, 
such  as  the  Company,  including  a  forbearance  program  for  federally-backed  mortgage  loans  and  protections  for  borrowers  from 
negative credit reporting due to loan accommodations related to the national emergency. The banking regulatory agencies also issued 
guidance  encouraging  financial  institutions  to  work  prudently  with  borrowers  who  were,  or  were  potentially,  unable  to  meet  their 
contractual  payment  obligations  because  of  the  effects  of  COVID-19.  The  Company  worked  throughout  the  pandemic  to  assist  its 
business and consumer customers affected by COVID-19.  

The Bank participated in all phases of the PPP funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the U.S. SBA pursuant to 
the CARES Act and subsequent legislation.  PPP loans have an interest rate of 1.0% and a two-year or five-year loan term to maturity. 
The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers.  The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, 
including  any  accrued  interest,  is  eligible  to  be  reduced  by  the  loan  forgiveness  amount  under  the  PPP  so  long  as  employee  and 
compensation levels of the business are maintained and the loan proceeds are used for qualifying expenses. Through the end of the 
program in the early spring of 2021, the Bank received approval from the SBA for 1,120 loans totaling approximately $109.8 million 
through this program. The Bank is now also assisting borrowers with the loan forgiveness phase of the process. As of this filing, the 
Company has submitted 864 loans totaling approximately $90.5 million to the SBA for forgiveness. The Bank received $4.0 million in 
fees from the SBA associated with PPP lending activities during 2020 and 2021 and recognized $2.2 million and $900,000 of those 
fees in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Accordingly, $3.1 million in deferred fee income on a cumulative basis was subtracted from the 
carrying value of the PPP loans held in portfolio and the remaining $912,000 in deferred collected fees will be recognized in future 
periods.  

Through December 31, 2020, the Bank granted payment deferral requests for an initial period of 90 days on 618 loans representing 
approximately  $137.4  million  of  existing  loan  balances.    Upon  the  receipt  of  borrower  requests,  additional  90  day  deferral  periods 
were generally granted.  Consistent with industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were granted COVID-19 related deferrals, but 
were otherwise current on loan payments will continue to have their loans reported as current loans during the agreed upon deferral 
period(s), accrue interest and not be accounted for as troubled debt restructurings. Of these granted deferrals, 303 loans, totaling $24.0 
million,  were  residential  mortgage  or  consumer  loans.    At  December  31,  2020,  265  residential  and  consumer  loans,  totaling  $21.3 
million, have been returned to non-deferral status.  Of these granted deferrals, 315 loans, totaling $113.3 million, were commercial 
real  estate  or  other  commercial  and  industrial  loans.  At  December  31,  2020,  291  commercial  real  estate  or  other  commercial  and 
industrial  loans,  totaling  $98.9  million,  have  been  returned  to  non-deferral  status.  Therefore,  at  December  31,  2020,  38  residential 
mortgage and consumer loans, totaling $2.7 million and 24 commercial real estate and other commercial and industrial loans, totaling 
$14.4 million remained in deferral status.  These loans still in deferral status therefore totaled $17.1 million and represented 2.1% of 
all  loans  outstanding  at  December  31,  2020.  After  consultations  with  certain  of  these  commercial  loan  borrowers,  11  loans, 
representing $8.3 million, have been granted an additional 90 day deferral period beyond 180 days as of December 31, 2020.  These 
loans  are  included  in  the  $17.1  million  in  loans  still  in  deferred  status  at  December  31,  2020.    On  an  extremely  limited  basis, 
additional deferral periods were granted subject to further analysis and discussion with specific borrowers.  To the extent that such 
modifications  met  the  criteria  previously  described  these  loans  were  not  classified  as  troubled  debt  restructurings  nor  classified  as 
nonperforming  at  December  31,  2020.    Loans  not  granted  additional  deferral  periods  were  categorized  as  nonaccrual  loans  if  the 
borrowers  failed  to  make  the  first  scheduled  payment  following  the  end  of  the  deferral  period,  or  became  seriously  delinquent 
thereafter.  During  the  course  of  2021,  all  deferred  loans  were  either  returned  to  accrual  status  or  appropriately  characterized  as 
nonaccrual as dictated by their repayment activities.  Therefore, the Company had no loans in deferral status at December 31, 2021.  

- 36 -

Selected Financial Data

The  following  selected  consolidated  financial  data  sets  forth  certain  financial  highlights  of  the  Company  and  should  be  read  in 
conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes

(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year End
Total assets
Investment securities available-for-sale
Investment securities held-to-maturity
Loans receivable, net
Deposits
Borrowings and subordinated loans
Shareholders' equity

For the Year
Total interest income
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Total noninterest income
Total noninterest expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Convertible preferred stock dividends
Warrant dividends
Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities
Net income available to common shareholders

Per Share
Income per share - basic
Income per share - diluted
Book value per common share
Tangible book value per common share (a)
Cash dividends declared

Performance Ratios
Return on average assets
Return on average equity
Average equity to average assets
Shareholders' Equity to total assets at end of year
Net interest rate spread
Net interest margin
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing
   liabilities
Noninterest expense to average assets
Efficiency ratio (a) (b)
Dividend payout ratio
Return on average common equity

2021 

For the years ended December 31,
2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 1,285,177 
190,598 
160,923 
819,524 
    1,055,346 
106,661 
110,633 

  $ 1,227,443 
128,261 
171,224 
812,718 
995,907 
121,450 
97,722 

  $ 1,093,807 
111,134 
122,988 
772,782 
881,893 
108,253 
90,669 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

45,827 
7,532 
38,295 
1,022 
37,273 
6,231 
27,495 
16,009 
3,499 
103 
12,407 
97 
35 
2,699 
9,576 

2.07 
2.07 
18.43 
17.66 
0.280 

  $

  $

  $

  $

42,507 
10,864 
31,643 
4,707 
26,936 
6,485 
25,080 
8,341 
1,295 
96 
6,950 
291 
30 
1,224 
5,405 

1.17 
1.17 
17.56 
16.53 
0.240 

41,758 
13,528 
28,230 
1,966 
26,264 
4,917 
25,730 
5,451 
1,165 
10 
4,276 
208 
23 
467 
3,578 

0.80 
0.80 
15.94 
14.95 
0.240 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

933,115 
177,664 
53,908 
612,964 
727,060 
133,628 
64,459 

34,810 
9,044 
25,766 
1,497 
24,269 
3,835 
23,549 
4,555 
546 
(22)
4,031 
- 
- 
- 
4,031 

0.97 
0.94 
14.72 
13.65 
0.240 

0.98  %  
11.91 
8.26 
8.58 
3.06 
3.21 

0.60  %  
7.43 
8.02 
7.94 
2.68 
2.88 

0.43  %  
5.34 
7.97 
8.27 
2.73 
2.98 

0.45  %  
6.33 
7.09 
6.88 
2.85 
3.02 

124.61 
2.18 
63.07 
16.17 
11.91 

120.49 
2.15 
68.71 
20.39 
8.92 

116.84 
2.56 
78.75 
30.21 
6.02 

116.52 
2.62 
79.04 
24.93 
6.33 

2017 

881,257   
171,138   
66,196   
573,705   
723,603   
88,947   
62,144   

29,413   
6,290   
23,123   
1,769   
21,354   
4,085   
21,094   
4,345   
922   
(68)  
3,491   
-   
-   
-   
3,491   

0.86   
0.83   
14.44   
13.34   
0.215   

0.42  %
5.69   
7.47   
7.01   
2.83   
2.97   

116.05   
2.57   
79.06   
25.21   
5.69   

- 37 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Asset Quality Ratios
Nonperforming loans to period end loans
Nonperforming assets to total assets
Allowance for loan losses to period end loans
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans

Regulatory Capital Ratios (Bank Only)
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Tier 1 capital (to adjusted assets)
Tier 1 Common Equity (to risk-weighted assets)

Number of:
Banking offices
Fulltime equivalent employees

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017   

For the years ended December 31,

1.00  %  
0.65 
1.57 
155.99 

2.58  %  
1.74 
1.55 
59.89 

0.67  %  
0.49 
1.11 
165.25 

0.35  %  
0.36 
1.18 
340.13 

0.84  %
0.61   
1.23   
145.61   

15.19  %  
13.94 
9.52 
13.94 

13.13  %  
11.87 
8.63 
11.87 

12.28  %  
11.16 
8.20 
11.16 

13.69  %  
12.49 
8.31 
12.49 

13.97  %
12.72   
8.16   
12.72   

11 
161 

11 
176 

11 
157 

11 
160 

10   
140   

(a)
(b)

See table below for reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures.
The  efficiency  ratio  is  calculated  as  noninterest  expense  divided  by  the  sum  of  net  interest  income  and  noninterest  income, 
excluding net gains on sales, redemptions and impairment of investment securities and net gains (losses) on sales of loans and 
foreclosed real estate.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Regulation G, a rule adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), applies to certain SEC filings, including earnings 
releases,  made  by  registered  companies  that  contain  “non-GAAP  financial  measures.”    GAAP  is  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles  in  the  United  States  of  America.    Under  Regulation  G,  companies  making  public  disclosures  containing  non-GAAP 
financial  measures  must  also  disclose,  along  with  each  non-GAAP  financial  measure,  certain  additional  information,  including  a 
reconciliation  of  the  non-GAAP  financial  measure  to  the  closest  comparable  GAAP  financial  measure  (if  a  comparable  GAAP 
measure  exists)  and  a  statement  of  the  Company’s  reasons  for  utilizing  the  non-GAAP  financial  measure  as  part  of  its  financial 
disclosures.    The  SEC  has  exempted  from  the  definition  of  “non-GAAP  financial  measures”  certain  commonly  used  financial 
measures that are not based on GAAP.  When these exempted measures are included in public disclosures, supplemental information 
is  not  required.  Financial  institutions,  like  the  Company  and  its  subsidiary  bank,  are  subject  to  an  array  of  bank  regulatory  capital 
measures  that  are  financial  in  nature  but  are  not  based  on  GAAP  and  are  not  easily  reconcilable  to  the  closest  comparable  GAAP 
financial measures, even in those cases where a comparable measure exists. The Company follows industry practice in disclosing its 
financial  condition  under  these  various  regulatory  capital  measures,  including  period-end  regulatory  capital  ratios  for  its  subsidiary 
bank, in its periodic reports filed with the SEC, and does so without compliance with Regulation G, on the widely-shared assumption 
that  the  SEC  regards  such  non-GAAP  measures  to  be  exempt  from  Regulation  G.  The  Company  uses  in  this  regulatory  filing 
additional non-GAAP financial measures that are commonly utilized by financial institutions and have not been specifically exempted 
by  the  SEC  from  Regulation  G.    The  Company  provides,  as  supplemental  information,  such  non-GAAP  measures  included  in  this 
document as described immediately below.

- 38 -

 
     
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
    
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Per Share
 Book value per common share
 Total Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. shareholders' equity (book value)
   (GAAP)
 Preferred stock
 Total shares outstanding
      Book value per common share

Total common equity
 Total equity (GAAP)
 Goodwill
 Intangible assets
      Tangible common equity

 Tangible book value per common share
 Tangible common equity
 Total shares outstanding
      Tangible book value per common share

Performance Ratios
 Efficiency ratio
 Operating expenses (numerator)
 Net interest income
 Noninterest income
 Less: Gain/(Loss) on the sale/redemption of investment
   securities/loans/foreclosed real estate
 Less : Loss on marketable equity securities
 Denominator
      Efficiency ratio

 Dividend payout ratio
 Dividends declared (numerator)
 Net income available to common shareholders (denominator)
      Dividend payout ratio

 Return on average common equity
 Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp Inc. (GAAP)
   (numerator)
 Average equity
 Average preferred stock
 Denominator
      Return on average common equity

For the years ended December 31,

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

$ 110,287 
- 
5,983 
18.43 

$

$ 110,287 
4,536 
117 
$ 105,634 

$ 105,634 
5,983 
17.66 

$

27,495 
38,295 
6,231 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

97,456 
17,901 
4,531 
17.56 

79,555 
4,536 
133 
74,886 

74,886 
4,531 
16.53 

25,080 
31,643 
6,485 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

90,434 
15,370 
4,709 
15.94 

75,064 
4,536 
149 
70,379 

70,379 
4,709 
14.95 

25,730 
28,230 
4,917 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

64,221 
- 
4,362 
14.72 

64,221 
4,536 
165 
59,520 

59,520 
4,362 
13.65 

23,549 
25,766 
3,835 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

61,811 
- 
4,280 
14.44 

61,811 
4,536 
182 
57,093 

57,093 
4,280 
13.34 

21,094 
23,123 
4,085 

551 
382 
43,593 
 $
63.07  %  

2,255 
(629)
36,502 
 $
68.71  %  

393 
81 
32,673 
 $
78.75  %  

(132)
(62)
29,795 
 $
79.04  %  

526 
- 
26,682 
79.06  %

 $

1,548 
9,576 
16.17  %  

 $

1,102 
5,405 
20.39  %  

 $

1,081 
3,578 
30.21  %  

 $

1,005 
4,031 
24.93  %  

880 
3,491 
25.21  %

$

$

$

$
12,407 
  104,131 
- 
$ 104,131 

 $

 $

 $

 $

6,950 
93,586 
15,709 
77,877 

4,276 
80,136 
9,074 
71,062 

4,031 
63,667 
- 
63,667 

 $
11.91  %  

 $
8.92  %  

 $
6.02  %  

 $
6.33  %  

3,491 
61,383 
- 
61,383 

5.69  %

- 39 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Regulatory Capital Ratios (Bank Only)
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
 Total equity (GAAP)
 Goodwill
 Intangible assets
  Addback: Accumulated other comprehensive income
       Total Tier 1 Capital
 Allowance for loan and lease losses
 Unrealized Gain on available-for-sale securities
       Total Tier 2 Capital
       Total Tier 1 plus Tier 2 Capital (numerator)
 Risk-weighted assets (denominator)
      Total core capital to risk-weighted assets

 Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)
 Total Tier 1 capital (numerator)
 Risk-weighted assets (denominator)
      Total capital to risk-weighted assets

 Tier 1 capital (to adjusted assets)
 Total Tier 1 capital (numerator)
 Total average assets
 Goodwill
 Intangible assets
 Adjusted assets (denominator)
      Total capital to adjusted assets

 Tier 1 Common Equity (to risk-weighted assets)
 Total Tier 1 capital (numerator)
 Risk-weighted assets (denominator)
      Total Tier 1 Common Equity to risk-weighted assets

Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) 

For the years ended December 31,

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

$ 121,896 
(4,536)
(117)
1,268 
$ 118,511 
10,655 
- 
$
10,655 
$ 129,166 
850,157 

 $ 106,720 
(4,536)
(133)
2,236 
 $ 104,287 
11,002 
- 
 $
11,002 
 $ 115,289 
878,380 

 $

 $

 $
 $

88,138 
(4,536)
(149)
2,971 
86,424 
8,669 
- 
8,669 
95,093 
774,177 

 $

 $

74,530 
(4,536)
(165)
6,042 
75,871 
7,306 
- 
7,306 
 $
83,177 
 $
   607,414 

 $

 $

71,535 
(4,536)
(146)
4,261 
71,114 
6,991 
- 
6,991 
 $
78,105 
 $
   559,161 

15.19  % 

13.13  % 

12.28  % 

13.69  % 

13.97  %

$ 118,511 
850,157 

 $ 104,287 
878,380 

 $

86,424 
774,177 

75,871 
 $
   607,414 

71,114 
 $
   559,161 

13.94  % 

11.87  % 

11.16  % 

12.49  % 

12.72  %

$ 118,511 
  1,249,752 
(4,536)
(117)
$1,245,099 

 $ 104,287 
   1,212,512 
(4,536)
(133)
 $1,207,843 

 $
86,424 
   1,059,060 
(4,536)
(149)
 $1,054,375 

 $
75,871 
   917,740 
(4,536)
(165)
 $ 913,039 

 $
71,114 
   876,263 
(4,536)
(146)
 $ 871,581 

9.52  % 

8.63  % 

8.20  % 

8.31  % 

8.16  %

$ 118,511 
850,157 

 $ 104,287 
878,380 

 $

86,424 
774,177 

75,871 
 $
   607,414 

71,114 
 $
   559,161 

13.94  % 

11.87  % 

11.16  % 

12.49  % 

12.72  %

The Bank participated in all rounds of the PPP funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the SBA pursuant to the 
CARES Act and subsequent legislation.  PPP loans have an interest rate of 1.0% and a two-year or five-year loan term to maturity. 
The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers.  The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, 
including  any  accrued  interest,  is  eligible  to  be  reduced  by  the  loan  forgiveness  amount  under  the  PPP  so  long  as  employee  and 
compensation levels of the business are maintained and the loan proceeds are used for qualifying expenses.  The PPP ended in May 
2021.  Information related to the Company’s PPP loans are included in the following tables:

Unaudited
(In thousands, except number of loans)
Number of PPP loans originated in the period
Funded balance of PPP loans originated in the period
Number of PPP loans forgiven in the period
Average balance of PPP loans in the period
Balance of PPP loans forgiven in the period
Deferred PPP fee income recognized in the period

 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Unearned PPP deferred fee income at end of period

 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Total PPP loans originated since inception
Total PPP loans forgiven since inception
Total PPP loans remaining at December 31, 2021

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $

For the years ended

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

478 
36,369 
796 
75,538 
77,054 
2,150 

 $

 $
 $
..$

699 
75,352 
136 
91,328 
15,279 
938  

December 31, 2021 

716   .. $

December 31, 2020 
1,216  

Number

Balance

1,177   
$
932 
 $
256  .. $

111,721 
92,333 
19,338  

- 40 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The  Company's  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the 
United  States  and  follow  practices  within  the  banking  industry.  Application  of  these  principles  requires  management  to  make 
estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments  that  affect  the  amounts  reported  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  accompanying 
notes.    These  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments  are  based  on  information  available  as  of  the  date  of  the  financial  statements; 
accordingly,  as  this  information  changes,  the  financial  statements  could  reflect  different  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments.  
Certain  policies  inherently  have  a  greater  reliance  on  the  use  of  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments  and  as  such  have  a  greater 
possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported.  Estimates, assumptions and judgments are 
necessary  when  assets  and  liabilities  are  required  to  be  recorded  at  fair  value  or  when  an  asset  or  liability  needs  to  be  recorded 
contingent upon a future event.  Carrying assets and liabilities at fair value inherently results in more financial statement volatility.  
The  fair  values,  and  information  used  to  record  valuation  adjustments  for  certain  assets  and  liabilities,  are  based  on  quoted  market 
prices  or  are  provided  by  other  third-party  sources,  when  available.    When  third  party  information  is  not  available,  valuation 
adjustments are estimated in good faith by management.

The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.  
These policies, along with the disclosures presented in the other financial statement notes and in this discussion, provide information 
on  how  significant  assets  and  liabilities  are  valued  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  how  those  values  are  determined.  
Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, assumptions, and estimates 
underlying those amounts, management has identified the allowance for loan losses, deferred income tax assets and liabilities, pension 
obligations,  the  evaluation  of  investment  securities  for  other  than  temporary  impairment,  the  annual  evaluation  of  the  Company’s 
goodwill for possible impairment, and the estimation of fair values for accounting and disclosure purposes to be the accounting areas 
that  require  the  most  subjective  and  complex  judgments.    These  areas  could  be  the  most  subject  to  revision  as  new  information 
becomes available. 

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses represents management's estimate of probable loan losses inherent in the 
loan  portfolio.    Determining  the  amount  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is  considered  a  critical  accounting  estimate  because  it 
requires  significant  judgment  on  the  use  of  estimates  related  to  the  amount  and  timing  of  expected  future  cash  flows  on  impaired 
loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience, and environmental factors, all of which 
may be susceptible to significant change.  The Company establishes a specific allowance for all commercial loans in excess of the 
total related credit threshold of $100,000 and single borrower residential mortgage loans in excess of the total related credit threshold 
of $300,000 identified as being impaired which are on nonaccrual and have been risk rated under the Company’s risk rating system as 
substandard,  doubtful,  or  loss.  The  Company  also  establishes  a  specific  allowance,  regardless  of  the  size  of  the  loan,  for  all  loans 
subject to a troubled debt restructuring agreement.  In addition, an accruing substandard loan could be identified as being impaired.  
The  measurement  of  impaired  loans  is  generally  based  upon  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows  discounted  at  the  historical 
effective interest rate, except that all collateral-dependent loans are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral, 
less costs to sell.  At December 31, 2021, the Bank’s position in impaired loans consisted of 56 loans totaling $11.3 million.  Of these 
loans, 18 loans, totaling $2.3 million, were valued using the present value of future cash flows method; and 38 loans, totaling $9.0 
million, were valued based on a collateral analysis.  For all other loans, the Company uses the general allocation methodology that 
establishes  an  allowance  to  estimate  the  probable  incurred  loss  for  each  risk-rating  category.    Note  1  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements describes the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses and a discussion of the factors driving changes 
in the amount of the allowance for loan losses is included in this report.

Deferred  Income  Tax  Assets  and  Liabilities.    Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  determined  using  the  liability  method.  
Under  this  method,  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  is  recognized  for  the  future  tax  consequences.    This  is  attributable  to  the 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases as well as 
net  operating  and  capital  loss  carry  forwards.   Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted  tax  rates  applied  to 
taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax 
assets and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date.  If 
current  available  evidence  about  the  future  raises  doubt  about  the  likelihood  of  a  deferred  tax  asset  being  realized,  a  valuation 
allowance  is  established.   The  judgment  about  the  level  of  future  taxable  income,  including  that  which  is  considered  capital,  is 
inherently subjective and is reviewed on a continual basis as regulatory and business factors change.  

Pension Obligations.  Pension and postretirement benefit plan liabilities and expenses are based upon actuarial assumptions of future 
events, including fair value of plan assets, interest rates, and the length of time the Company will have to provide those benefits.  The 
assumptions used by management are discussed in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements contained herein.  

- 41 -

Evaluation  of  Investment  Securities  for  Other-Than-Temporary-Impairment  (“OTTI”).  The  Company  carries  all  of  its  available-
for-sale investments at fair value with any unrealized gains or losses reported net of tax as an adjustment to shareholders' equity and 
included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), except for the credit-related portion of debt security impairment losses 
and OTTI of equity securities which are charged to earnings.  The Company's ability to fully realize the value of its investments in 
various securities, including corporate debt securities, is dependent on the underlying creditworthiness of the issuing organization.  In 
evaluating  the  debt  security  (both  available-for-sale  and  held-to-maturity)  portfolio  for  other-than-temporary  impairment  losses, 
management considers (1) if we intend to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost; (2) if it is “more likely than not” we 
will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis; or (3) if the present value of expected cash flows is not 
sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis. When the fair value of a held-to-maturity or available-for-sale security is less than 
its  amortized  cost  basis,  an  assessment  is  made  as  to  whether  OTTI  is  present.    The  Company  considers  numerous  factors  when 
determining whether a potential OTTI exists and the period over which the debt security is expected to recover.  The principal factors 
considered are (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost basis, (2) the financial 
condition of the issuer and (guarantor, if any) and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, industry or geographic area, 
(3) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, (4) any changes to the rating of the security 
by a rating agency, and (5) the presence of credit enhancements, if any, including the guarantee of the federal government or any of its 
agencies.

Evaluation of Goodwill.  Management performs an annual evaluation of the Company’s goodwill for possible impairment.  Based on 
the results of the 2021 evaluation, management has determined that the carrying value of goodwill is not impaired as of December 31, 
2021.  The evaluation approach is described in Note 10 of the consolidated financial statements contained herein.

Estimation  of  Fair  Value.    The  estimation  of  fair  value  is  significant  to  several  of  our  assets;  including  investment  securities 
available-for-sale, interest rate derivative (discussed in detail in Note 22 of the consolidated financial statements), intangible assets, 
foreclosed real estate, and the value of loan collateral when valuing loans.  These are all recorded at either fair value, or the lower of 
cost  or  fair  value.  Fair  values  are  determined  based  on  third  party  sources,  when  available.    Furthermore,  accounting  principles 
generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  require  disclosure  of  the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  as  a  part  of  the  notes  to  the 
consolidated financial statements.  Fair values on our available-for-sale securities may be influenced by a number of factors; including 
market interest rates, prepayment speeds, discount rates, and the shape of yield curves. 

Fair values for securities available-for-sale are obtained from an independent third party pricing service.  Where available, fair values 
are based on quoted prices on a nationally recognized securities exchange.  If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured 
using  quoted  market  prices  for  similar  benchmark  securities.    Management  made  no  adjustments  to  the  fair  value  quotes  that  were 
provided  by  the  pricing  source.    The  fair  values  of  foreclosed  real  estate  and  the  underlying  collateral  value  of  impaired  loans  are 
typically  determined  based  on  evaluations  by  third  parties,  less  estimated  costs  to  sell.    When  necessary,  appraisals  are  updated  to 
reflect changes in market conditions.

RECENT EVENTS

On December 20, 2021, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per share on the 
Company’s voting common and non-voting common stock, and a cash dividend of $0.07 per notional share for the issued Warrant 
relating to the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021.  The dividend was payable on February 4, 2022 to shareholders of record on 
January 14, 2022.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Company reported net income of $12.4 million for 2021, an increase of $5.5 million, or 78.5%, as compared to net income of $7.0 
million  for  2020.    Net  income  increased  during  2021,  as  compared  to  the  previous  year,  due  to  an  increase  in  net  interest  income 
before  the  provision  for  loan  losses  of  $6.7  million,  combined  with  a  $3.4  million  decrease  in  provision  for  loan  losses.    These 
increases  were  offset  by  a  decrease  in  noninterest  income  of  $254,000,  an  increase  in  noninterest  expenses  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2021 of $2.4 million and an increase in income tax expense of $2.2 million. Basic and diluted earnings per share in 
2021 were both $2.07 per share, as compared to $1.17 per share in 2020.  Return on average assets increased 38 basis points to 0.98% 
in 2021 from 0.60% in 2020.  Return on average equity increased 448 basis points to 11.91% in 2021 as compared to 7.43% in 2020.  
The increase in return on average assets in 2021, as compared to the previous year, was primarily due to the increase in net income 
outpacing average asset growth.  Average assets increased in 2021 by $94.2 million, or 8.1%, as the Company grew its total average 
assets from $1.23 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020 to $1.29 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021.  The increase 
in return on average equity in 2021, as compared to the previous year, was primarily due to the increase in net income outpacing the 
growth in equity. 

- 42 -

Net interest income, before provision for loan losses, increased $6.7 million, or 21.0%, to $38.3 million in 2021 on average interest 
earning assets of $1.19 billion as compared to net interest income before provision for loan losses of $31.6 million in 2020 on average 
interest earning assets of $1.10 billion.  Interest and dividend income increased $3.3 million in 2021 to $45.8 million, as compared to 
interest  and  dividend income  of  $42.5  million  in  2020.    The  aggregate  increase  in  the average  balance  of  interest-earning  assets of 
$92.6  million  was  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  of  two  basis  points  in  the  overall  average  yield  earned  on  those  assets.    The  $3.3 
million  increase  in  interest  and  dividend  income  was  further  enhanced  by  a  decrease  in  interest  expense  of  $3.3  million  due  to  a 
decrease in the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities of 40 basis points in 2021 as compared to 2020, partially offset by an 
increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities of $44.1 million.

The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $1.0 million in 2021 as compared to $4.7 million in the prior year.  The $3.7 
million year-over-year decrease in provision for loan losses was primarily due to continuing improvements in nonaccrual loans and 
general economic conditions. Additionally, the provision for loan losses in 2021 reflected a decrease in nonperforming loans of $13.0 
million at December 31, 2021, as compared to December 31, 2020.  These factors were partially offset within the provision calculation 
during 2021 by an increase in outstanding loan balances, excluding PPP loans, of $6.8 million, or 1.0%, in 2021 as compared to 2020.  
The Company recorded $1.0 million in net charge-offs in 2021 as compared to $599,000 in net charge-offs in 2020.  The ratio of net 
charge-offs to average loans therefore increased to 0.12% in 2021 from 0.08% in 2020. 

Noninterest  income  was  $6.2  million  in  2021,  a  decrease  of  $254,000,  or  3.9%,  from  $6.5  million  in  2020.    This  decrease  was 
primarily the result of an $867,000 decrease in net gains on the sales of loans and foreclosed real estate, and a $1.0 million decrease in 
net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities.  The decreased gain on the sales of loans and foreclosed real estate was 
primarily  the  result  of  the  sale  of  $35.9  million  in  seasoned,  conforming  residential  mortgage  loans  that  was  completed  in  January 
2020 and resulted in the recognition of a gain of $659,000, which did not recur in 2021. The decrease in the net gains on sales of loans 
in 2021 was also the result of decreased originations of 1-4 family residential mortgages sold into the secondary market.  The increase 
in the number of residential originations in 2020 was primarily due to significant declines in mortgage loan interest rates in 2020 as 
compared  to  the  current  year.    The  investment  securities  sales  were  part  of  the  Company’s  portfolio  optimization  and  liquidity 
management strategies and were sold in order to improve the expected future total returns within the investment portfolio, particularly 
in  light  of  potentially  increased  prepayment  activity,  related  to  the  sharp  decline  in  general  interest  rates,  and/or  potential  credit 
downgrade  concerns  following  the  onset  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  Additionally,  an  increase  of  $1.0  million  was  realized  on 
marketable equitable securities when compared to 2020.  Also contributing to the decrease in noninterest income was a decrease in 
loan servicing fees of $115,000.  All other categories of noninterest income increased in aggregate when compared to 2020.  The net 
increase in these categories of noninterest income was in part due to the Company’s increased strategic focus on improving recurring 
noninterest income.  Overall increases in noninterest income occurred in 2021, as compared to the previous year, as a result of a return 
to more normalized customer activity levels in 2021, especially in comparison to the second and third quarters of 2020.  In addition, 
the Bank decreased the levels of customer fee waivers and forbearances during 2021 that were more routinely granted in 2020 as part 
of the Bank’s response to the local economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Since 2016, the Company held a passive equity investment, acquired for $534,000, in an otherwise unaffiliated financial institution.  
The issuer of that originally-purchased common stock was acquired in June 2020 by another financial institution (the acquiring bank).  
Upon the closing of the transaction, the acquisition resulted in the Company receiving total cash and stock compensation of $911,000 
for its equity investment, based on the closing stock price of the acquiring institution on June 30, 2020.  As a result, during the second 
quarter of 2020, the Company recorded a net gain on sales and redemptions of investment securities of $115,000 and a gain on equity 
securities of $438,000.  The Company retained its shares of the acquiring bank, valued at $677,000 and $682,000 at December 31, 
2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and has the ability to hold the investment indefinitely.  

In addition, the Company held a fixed-income, non-exchange traded investment, previously categorized as available-for-sale, which 
was managed since its acquisition in 2017 by an external party. The investment was previously reported at its stated net asset value, 
which was $2.1 million at March 31, 2020.  The investment was substantially restructured and subsequently listed on June 17, 2020 as 
a publicly-traded common stock on the New York Stock Exchange.  Due to what management believed were technical factors related 
to  the  listing  itself,  and  the  almost  universal  pricing  pressure  on  publicly-traded  assets  of  this  type  in  the  then-current  uncertain 
economic environment, the closing stock price at June 30, 2020 was significantly below the historical amortized cost of the investment 
on that date.  Therefore, the restructuring and listing events caused the Company to recognize an unrealized loss in the second quarter 
of 2020 in the amount of $1.2 million, which was measured by the difference between the newly-issued stock’s closing price at June 
30, 2020 and its net asset value at March 31, 2020.  The investment’s fair market value subsequently appreciated significantly in the 
second half of 2020 and during the period of time the Bank held the investment in 2021. In August 2021, the investment, including all 
interest and dividends received from its issuer since its initial purchase date had substantially reached a breakeven position on a cash 
flow basis and was sold in its entirety. In 2021, dividend income related to this investment and the net improvement in the fair market 
value  of  this  investment,  recognized  through  earnings,  were  $78,000  and  $387,000,  respectively.    After  June  30,  2020,  through 
December  31,  2020,  dividend  income  related  to  this  investment  and  the  net  change  in  the  fair  market  value  of  this  investment, 
recognized through earnings, were $78,000 and $250,000, respectively.

- 43 -

Noninterest  expense  increased  $2.4  million,  or  9.6%,  to  $27.5  million  in  2021  from  $25.1  million  in  2020.    The  year-over-year 
increase in noninterest expense was driven by increases in most categories except foreclosed real estate.  The Company experienced 
material declines in substantially all forms of noninterest expenses following the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic which began in 
March 2020.  Accordingly, the Company progressively returned to less restricted operations and noninterest expenses have returned to 
the  levels  considered  by  its  management  to  be  prudent  for  the  effective  long-term  management  of  the  Company.  The  increase  in 
noninterest expense was primarily driven by an increase of $916,000 in salaries and employee benefits expenses, a $417,000 increase 
in professional and other services, a $257,000 increase in advertising, a $218,000 increase in audits and exams expense, a $159,000 
increase  in  data  processing  expense,  a  $143,000  increase  in  FDIC  assessments,  a  $108,000  increase  in  building  and  occupancy 
expense,  and  a  $82,000  and  $66,000  increase  in  insurance  agency  expense  and  other  expenses,  respectively.    The  increase  in  net 
salaries expense was partially the result of increased PPP loan originations in 2020 and the deferral of employee-related expenses in 
2020 related to those originations.  The increases in professional and other services fees, and audits and exams expense were primarily 
related to the Bank’s increased internal controls testing under FDICIA requirements for institutions with assets greater than $1 billion 
and additional expenses for the Company as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.  Building and occupancy costs increased as a result 
of  an  increase  in  maintenance  costs  and  depreciation  expense  of  $79,000  and  $48,000,  respectively.  These  increases  are  consistent 
with  the  Company’s  recent  refurbishments  of  certain  branch  and  administrative  locations  and  the  relative  timing  of  certain 
maintenance  activities.    Data  processing  costs  increased  due  to  increases  in  internet  banking  costs  and  processing  costs.    These 
increases  are  consistent  with  the  Company’s  customer  and  operational  growth.    The  FDIC  assessment  increased  as  a  result  of  an 
increase in the average balance of deposits, including an increase in the average balance of brokered time deposits.   Insurance agency 
expense increased as a result of a general increases in personnel costs and other administrative costs related to the Agency.

Total assets were $1.29 billion at December 31, 2021 as compared to $1.23 billion at December 31, 2020.  The increase in total assets 
of $57.7 million, or 4.7%, was the result of the increase in investment securities of $50.7 million, a $7.0 million increase in loans and 
a $5.6 million increase in bank owned life insurance.  All other assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents, increased by a net $1.0 
million.  Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $6.3 million.  The increase in total assets in 2021 was funded largely by a $59.4 
million increase in deposits, specifically a $71.6 million increase in customer deposits, offset by a $12.2 million decrease in brokered 
deposits. 

Net loan charge-offs to average loans were 0.12% for 2021, as compared to 0.08% for 2020.  Nonperforming loans to total loans were 
1.00% at December 31, 2021, down 158 basis points compared to 2.58% at December 31, 2020. The allowance for loan losses to non-
performing  loans  at  December  31,  2021  was  155.99%,  compared  with  59.89%  at  December  31,  2020.    Total  nonperforming  loans 
decreased $13.0 million, or 61%, between December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021, driven by decreases of $11.6 million and $1.7 
million in nonperforming commercial and commercial real estate loans and residential real estate loans respectively, partially offset by 
an increase of $357,000 in consumer loans. The decrease in nonperforming commercial and commercial real estate loans in 2021 was 
primarily due to the return of two commercial loan relationships, comprised of two individual loans, with aggregate outstanding loan 
balances of $12.0 million, to accrual status during the year.  These loans were initially placed in nonaccrual status in 2020.  These 
relationships,  which  included  loans  secured  by  third-party  pledges  and/or  business  assets,  as  well  as  loans  collateralized  by 
commercial real estate were making all required payments, as agreed, at December 31, 2021.  

Pursuant  to  the  CARES  Act  and  subsequent  legislation,  financial  institutions  had  the  option  to  temporarily  suspend  certain 
requirements under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles related to troubled debt restructurings for a limited period of time to 
account for the effects of COVID-19.  This provision allowed a financial institution the option to not apply the guidance on accounting 
for troubled debt restructurings to loan modifications, such as extensions or deferrals, related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 
2020 and the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency. The relief could only be 
applied to modifications for borrowers that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The Bank elected to adopt 
these provisions of the CARES Act in 2020.  Management monitored these entities closely and has incorporated our current estimate 
of the ultimate collectability of these loans into the reported allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2021.  Overall the ratio of the 
allowance  for  loan  losses  to  year  end  loans  remained  stable  at  1.57%  and  1.55%  for  December  31,  2021  and  December  31,  2020, 
respectively.

Total  past  due  loans  measured  as  a  percent  of  total  loans,  increased  from  1.85%  at  December  31,  2020  to  2.14%  at  December  31, 
2021, primarily due to an increase of $2.8 million in past due commercial loans and a $317,000 increase in past due consumer loans, 
partially  offset  by  a  $650,000  decrease  in  past  due  residential  loans.   The  level  of  nonperforming  loans  decreased  in  aggregate  by 
$13.0  million  led  by  a  decrease  of  $11.6  million  in  nonperforming  commercial  loans,  a  $1.7  million  decrease  in  nonperforming 
residential loans, and partially offset by a $357,000 increase in nonperforming consumer loans.  Commensurate with the decrease in 
nonperforming  loans  to  year  end  loans,  the  ratio  of  nonperforming  assets  to  total  assets  decreased  to  0.99%  at  December  31,  2021 
from 2.58% at December 31, 2020.

The Company’s shareholders’ equity increased $12.8 million, or 13.2%, to $110.3 million at December 31, 2021 from $97.5 million at 
December  31,  2020.    This  increase  was  primarily  due  to  a  $10.7  million  increase  in  retained  earnings,  a  $968,000  increase  in 
comprehensive  income,  a  $1.0  million  increase  in  additional  paid  in  capital  and  a  $180,000  increase  in  ESOP  shares  earned.  
Comprehensive  income  increased  primarily  as  the  result  of  a  reduction  in  the  losses  on  derivatives  and  hedging  activities  and 

- 44 -

unrealized gains on retirement plans, partially offset by the unrealized losses on available for sale securities during 2021.  The increase 
in retained earnings resulted from $12.5 million in net income recorded in 2021.  Partially offsetting this increase in retained earnings 
were $1.3 million for cash dividends declared on our voting common stock, $290,000 for cash dividends on our non-voting common 
stock,  $97,000  for  cash  dividends  declared  on  our  former  preferred  stock,  and  $35,000  for  cash  dividends  declared  on  our  issued 
warrant.  

Net Interest Income

Net  interest  income  is  the  Company's  primary  source  of  operating  income.    It  is  the  amount  by  which  interest  earned  on  interest-
earning deposits, loans and investment securities exceeds the interest paid on deposits and borrowed money.  Changes in net interest 
income and the net interest margin ratio resulted from the interaction between the volume and composition of interest earning assets, 
interest-bearing liabilities, and their respective yields and funding costs.

The following comments refer to the table of Average Balances and Rates and the Rate/Volume Analysis, both of which follow below. 

Net interest income, before provision for loan losses, increased $6.7 million, or 21.0%, to $38.3 million in 2021 as compared to $31.6 
million in the previous year. Our net interest margin for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased to 3.21% from 2.88% for the 
comparable  prior  year.    The  increase  in  net  interest  income  was  primarily  due  to  a  $3.3  million,  or  7.8%,  increase  in  interest  and 
dividend income in 2021 to $45.8 million primarily as a result of the $92.6 million, or 8.4%, increase in the average balance of interest 
earning assets (due primarily to loan growth), partially offset by a two basis point decrease in the average yield earned on those assets.  
This  increase  in  net  interest  income  was  additionally  enhanced  by  a  decrease  in  interest  expense  of  $3.3  million,  or  30.7%,  during 
2021, as compared to the previous year.  The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a decrease in the average rate paid on 
interest-bearing liabilities of 40 basis points in 2021 as compared to 2020, partially offset by an increase in the balance of average 
interest-bearing liabilities of $44.1 million. 

- 45 -

Average Balances and Rates

The following table sets forth information concerning average interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the yields and 
rates  thereon.  Interest  income  and  resultant  yield  information  in  the  table  has  not  been  adjusted  for  tax  equivalency.  Averages  are 
computed on the daily average balance for each month in the period divided by the number of days in the period. Yields and amounts 
earned include loan fees. Nonaccrual loans have been included in interest-earning assets for purposes of these calculations. 

(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:

Loans
Taxable investment securities
Tax-exempt investment securities
Fed funds sold and

interest-earning deposits
Total interest-earning assets

Noninterest-earning assets:

Other assets
Allowance for loan losses
Net unrealized gains (losses)
   on available-for-sale securities

Total assets

Interest-bearing liabilities:

NOW accounts
Money management accounts
MMDA accounts
Savings and club accounts
Time deposits
Subordinated loans
Borrowings

Total interest-bearing liabilities

Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

Demand deposits
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Shareholders' equity

Total liabilities & shareholders' equity

Net interest income
Net interest rate spread
Net interest margin
Ratio of average interest-earning assets
to average interest-bearing liabilities

For the years ended December 31,

2021

2020

Interest 

37,026   
8,576   
216   

9   
45,827   

  Average 
Balance 

  $ 833,308    $

313,392   
16,191   

28,765   
  1,191,656   

82,130   
(13,992)  

1,482   
  $ 1,261,276   

  Average 
  Yield / 
Cost 

  Average 
  Balance 

Interest 

  Average 
  Yield / 
Cost 

4.44%  $ 797,099    $
2.74% 
1.33% 

256,590   
8,992   

35,421   
6,848   
159   

0.03% 
3.85% 

36,366   
  1,099,047   

79   
42,507   

4.44% 
2.67% 
1.77% 

0.22% 
3.87% 

79,024   
(10,584)  

(447)  
  $ 1,167,040   

  $

93,950    $
15,916   
245,329   
122,275   
366,724   
32,736   
79,362   
956,292   

286   
17   
990   
159   
3,262   
1,790   
1,028   
7,532   

0.30%  $
0.11% 
0.40% 
0.13% 
0.89% 
5.47% 
1.30% 
0.79% 

79,338    $
15,482   
211,191   
96,381   
407,910   
20,421   
81,434   
912,157   

159   
18   
1,381   
97   
6,457   
1,101   
1,651   
10,864   

0.20% 
0.12% 
0.65% 
0.10% 
1.58% 
5.39% 
2.03% 
1.19% 

189,434   
11,419   
  1,157,145   
104,131   
  $ 1,261,276   

148,739   
12,558   
  1,073,454   
93,586   
  $ 1,167,040   

     $

38,295   

     $

31,643   

3.06% 
3.21% 

124.61% 

2.68% 
2.88% 

120.49%  

- 46 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
    
 
    
 
Rate/Volume Analysis

Net  interest  income  can  also  be  analyzed  in  terms  of  the  impact  of  changing  interest  rates  on  interest-earning  assets  and  interest-
bearing  liabilities,  and  changes  in  the volume  or amount  of these  assets and  liabilities.  The  following  table  represents the  extent  to 
which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected the 
Company’s interest income and interest expense during the years indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to: 
(i) changes attributable to changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by prior rate); (ii) changes attributable to changes in rate 
(changes in rate multiplied by prior volume); and (iii) total increase or decrease.  Changes attributable to both rate and volume have 
been allocated ratably.  Tax-exempt securities have not been adjusted for tax equivalency.

Years Ended December 31,

2021 vs 2020
Increase/(Decrease) Due to

2020 vs. 2019
Increase/(Decrease) Due to

Volume 

Rate 

Total 
Increase 
(Decrease) 

Volume 

Rate 

Total 
Increase 
(Decrease) 

1,609    $
1,550   
103   
(14)  
3,248   

33   
0   
198   
30   
(598)  
673   
(41)  
295   
2,953    $

(4)   $

178   
(46)  
(56)  
72   

94   
(1)  
(589)  
32   
(2,597)  
16   
(582)  
(3,627)  
3,699    $

1,605 
1,728 
57 
(70)
3,320 

127 
(1)
(391)
62 
(3,195)
689 
(623)
(3,332)
6,652 

 $

 $

4,878    $
731   
27   
175   
5,811   

24   
2   
187   
14   
942   
289   
88   
1,546   
4,265    $

(3,492)   $
(1,124)  
(46)  
(400)  
(5,062)  

15   
(5)  
(578)  
(15)  
(3,187)  
(51)  
(389)  
(4,210)  

(852)   $

1,386 
(393)
(19)
(225)
749 
- 
39 
(3)
(391)
(1)
(2,245)
238 
(301)
(2,664)
3,413  

(In thousands)
Interest Income:

Loans
Taxable investment securities
Tax-exempt investment securities
Fed funds sold and interest-earning deposits  

  $

Total interest and dividend income

Interest Expense:
NOW accounts
Money management accounts
MMDA accounts
Savings and club accounts
Time deposits
Subordinated loans
Borrowings

Total interest expense

Net change in net interest income

  $

Interest Income

Changes  in  interest  income  result  from  changes  in  the  average  balances  of  loans,  securities,  and  interest-earning  deposits  and  the 
related average yields on those balances.  

Interest  and  dividend  income  increased  $3.3  million,  or  7.8%,  to  $45.8  million  in  2021  as  compared  to  $42.5  million  in  2020  due 
principally to the $92.6 million, or 8.4%, increase in average interest-earning assets.  The average balance of loans increased $36.2 
million, or 4.5%, in 2021, as compared to the previous year.  This increase reflected the Company’s continued success in its expansion 
within the greater Syracuse market and the Company’s continued participation in the PPP loan program during 2021.  The average 
yield earned on loans in 2021 remained consistent with 2020 levels at 4.44%.  The $36.2 million increase in the average balance of 
loans in 2021 therefore resulted in a $1.6 million increase in loan income recorded in 2021 as compared to 2020. The average balance 
of PPP loans outstanding in 2021 was $75.5 million with an average yield of 3.33%.  Excluding PPP loans, the average balance of 
loans  was  $748.5  million  with  an  average  yield  of  4.52%.  The  average  balance  of  taxable  investment  securities  increased  $56.8 
million,  or  22.1%,  when  compared  to  the  prior  year.    This  increase  in  investment  securities  was  partially  the  result  of  increases  in 
government  and  agency  securities  which  are  pledged  as  collateral  for  municipal  deposits.    The  increase  in  the  average  balance  of 
taxable investment securities resulted in $1.6 million of income recorded in 2021, as compared to 2020.  The average yields earned on 
taxable investment securities increased seven basis points to 2.74% in 2021 as compared to 2.67% in 2020, accounting for an increase 
in interest income of $178,000 in 2021. 

- 47 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
  
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
  
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Interest Expense

Changes in interest expense result from changes in the average balances of deposits and borrowings and the related average interest 
costs on those balances.  

Interest expense decreased $3.3 million, or 30.7%, to $7.5 million in 2021, as compared to $10.9 million in the previous year.  The 
decrease in interest expense was primarily the result of a decrease in interest paid on time deposits of $3.2 million.  Decreases between 
2021 and 2020 were recorded in average rates paid on time deposits of 69 basis points. The decrease in the average rates paid on those 
deposits  reflected  the  general  decline  in  market  interest  rates  during  2021.    Partially  offsetting  the  reduction  in  interest  expense  on 
deposits  was  an  increase  of  $33.9  million,  or  4.2%,  in  the  average  balance  of  interest-bearing  deposits  in  2021  as  compared  to  the 
previous year.  Further contributing to the decrease in interest expense was a $623,000 decrease in borrowings expense, which also 
was attributable to a general decline in market interest rates during 2021.  These decreases in borrowed funds expense were partially 
offset by a $689,000 increase in subordinated debt expense, which was the result of the Company’s completion of a private placement 
of the fixed-to-floating rate 2020 subordinated loan during the fourth quarter of 2020. The Company redeemed approximately $10.0 
million of previously issued loans that were outstanding on December 31, 2020, during the second quarter of 2021.

Provision for Loan Losses

We  establish  a  provision  for  loan  losses,  which  is  charged  to  operations,  at  a  level  management  believes  is  appropriate  to  absorb 
probable incurred credit losses in the loan portfolio.  In evaluating the level of the allowance for loan losses, management considers 
historical loss experience, the types and amount of loans in the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to 
repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions.  This evaluation is inherently subjective as it 
requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available or as future events change. The 
provision for loan losses represents management’s estimate of the amount necessary to maintain the allowance for loan losses at an 
adequate level.  

The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $1.0 million in 2021 as compared to $4.7 million in the prior year.  The $3.7 
million year-over-year decrease in provision for loan losses was primarily due to continuing reductions during 2021 in the level of 
nonaccrual loans held by the Bank, as well as observed improvements in both local and national economic conditions corresponding 
with  the  general  diminution  of  the  effects  of  the  pandemic  in  2021.  The  provision  for  loan  losses  in  2021  reflected  a  decrease  in 
nonperforming loans of $13.0 million at December 31, 2021 as compared to December 31, 2020.  The Company recorded $1.0 million 
in net charge-offs in 2021 as compared to $599,000 in net charge-offs in 2020.  The ratio of net charge-offs to average loans therefore 
increased to 0.12% in 2021 from 0.08% in 2020. 

Nonperforming loans to total loans were 1.00% at December 31, 2021, down 158 basis points compared to 2.58% at December 31, 
2020.  The  allowance  for  loan  losses  to  non-performing  loans  at  December  31,  2021  was  155.99%,  compared  with  59.89%  at 
December  31,  2020.  Total  nonperforming  loans  decreased  $13.0  million,  or  61%,  between  December  31,  2020  and  December  31, 
2021,  driven  by  decreases  of  $11.6  million  and  $1.7  million  in  nonperforming  commercial  and  commercial  real  estate  loans  and 
residential real estate loans respectively, partially offset by an increase of $357,000 in consumer loans. The decrease in nonperforming 
commercial and commercial real estate loans in 2021 was primarily due to the return of two commercial loan relationships, comprised 
of two individual loans, with aggregate outstanding loan balances of $12.0 million, to accrual status during the year.  These loans were 
initially placed in nonaccrual status in 2020.  These relationships, which included loans secured by third-party pledges and/or business 
assets, as well as loans collateralized by commercial real estate were making all required payments, as agreed, at December 31, 2021.  

- 48 -

Noninterest Income

The  Company's  noninterest  income  is  primarily  comprised  of  fees  on  deposit  account  balances  and  transactions,  loan  servicing, 
commissions and net gains or losses on sales of securities, loans, and foreclosed real estate. 

 The following table sets forth certain information on noninterest income for the years indicated.

(Dollars in thousands)
Service charges on deposit accounts
Earnings and gain on bank owned life insurance
Loan servicing fees
Debit card interchange fees
Insurance agency revenue
Other charges, commissions and fees
Noninterest income before gains
Net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities
Net gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate
Net gains on sale of premises and equipment
Gains (losses) on marketable equity securities
Total noninterest income

Years Ended December 31,

2021 
1,464    $
559     
246     
923     
1,048     
1,058     
5,298     
37     
313     
201     
382     
6,231    $

2020   
1,395    $
460     
361     
771     
955     
917     
4,859     
1,076     
1,179     
-     
(629)    
6,485    $

Change
69     
99     
(115)    
152     
93     
141     
439     
(1,039)    
(866)    
201   
1,011     
(254)    

4.9%
21.5%
-31.9%
19.7%
9.7%
15.4%
9.0%
-96.6%
-73.5%
>100. %
-160.7%
-3.9%

 $

 $

Noninterest income for the year ended December 31, 2021 decreased $254,000, or 3.9%, to $6.2 million from $6.5 million for the year 
ended  December  31,  2020.    Noninterest  income  before  gains  (losses)  on  the  sales  and  redemptions  of  investment  securities,  gains 
(losses)  on  marketable  equity  securities,  gains  on  the  sale  of  loans  and  foreclosed  real  estate  and  gains  on  sale  of  premises  and 
equipment, increased $439,000, or 9.0%, to $5.3 million in 2021 as compared to $4.9 million in 2020.  This $439,000 increase in 2021 
as compared with the previous year, was primarily due to increases in debit card interchange fees, other charges, commissions and 
fees  and  earnings  and  gain  on  bank  owned  life  insurance  of  $152,000,  $141,000,  and  $99,000,  respectively,  partially  offset  by  a 
decrease in loan servicing fees of $115,000.  The increase in debit card interchange was due to an increase in the number of consumer 
checking  accounts  and  generally  increased  consumer  spending  activity  following  the  lessening  or  outright  elimination  of  the  most 
severe  restrictions  related  to  the  pandemic  in  2021.    The  $141,000  increase  in  other  charges,  commissions  and  fees  in  2021,  as 
compared to the previous year, was primarily due to an increase of investment services revenue of $97,000. The $99,000 increase in 
the gain on bank owned life insurance was primarily due to an increase in the average balance of bank owned life insurance held from 
$17.8 million held in 2020 to $22.0 million held in 2021. The $115,000 year over year decease in loan servicing fees was primarily 
due to reduced loan prepayment fee collections in 2021, as compared to the previous year. Fee collections of this type are generally 
related to commercial mortgage and commercial real estate loan activity and will vary from year to year based on a number of factors 
including the level of fee waivers and other concessions offered to customers as a part of refinancing negotiations.   

In  comparing  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  to  the  previous  year,  net  gains  on  the  sales  of  loans  and  foreclosed  real  estate 
decreased $866,000 and net gains on the sales and redemptions of investment securities decreased $1.0 million. The decrease in gains 
on  the  sales  of  loans  and  foreclosed  real  estate  was  primarily  the  result  of  the  January  2020  sale  of  $35.9  million  in  seasoned, 
conforming residential mortgage loans that resulted in the recognition of a gain of $659,000. There were no similar sales of seasoned 
portfolio loans in 2021. Additionally, the decrease in the net gains on sale of loans in 2021 was also the result of fewer sales of newly-
originated  1-4  family  residential  mortgages  into  the  secondary  market  than  in  the  previous  year  due  to  a  modest  decrease  in  loan 
application  volume  and  certain  changes  made  to  the  Bank’s  product  mix.    The  changes  in  product  mix  were  primarily  related  to  a 
higher percentage of construction-to permanent financing loans that were retained in portfolio during 2021 than in the previous year.    

Since 2016, the Company held a passive equity investment, acquired for $534,000, in an otherwise unaffiliated financial institution.  
The issuer of that originally-purchased common stock was acquired in June 2020 by another financial institution (the acquiring bank).  
Upon the closing of the transaction, the acquisition resulted in the Company receiving total cash and stock compensation of $911,000 
for its equity investment, based on the closing stock price of the acquiring institution on June 30, 2020.  As a result, during the second 
quarter of 2020, the Company recorded a net gain on sales and redemptions of investment securities of $115,000 and a gain on equity 
securities of $438,000.  

- 49 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
In addition, the Company held a fixed-income, non-exchange traded investment, previously categorized as available-for-sale, which 
was managed since its acquisition in 2017 by an external party. The investment was previously reported at its stated net asset value, 
which was $2.1 million at March 31, 2020.  The investment, was substantially restructured and subsequently listed on June 17, 2020 
as  a  publicly-traded  common  stock  on  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange.    Due  to  what  management  believed  were  technical  factors 
related to the listing itself, and the almost universal pricing pressure on publicly-traded assets of his type in the then-current uncertain 
economic environment, the closing stock price at June 30, 2020 was significantly below the historical amortized cost of the investment 
on that date.  Therefore, the restructuring and listing events caused the Company to recognize an unrealized loss in the second quarter 
of 2020 of $1.2 million, which was measured by the difference between the newly-issued stock’s closing price at June 30, 2020 and its 
net asset value at March 31, 2020.  The investment’s fair market value subsequently appreciated significantly in the second half of 
2020 and during the period of time the Bank held the investment in 2021. In August 2021, the investment, including all interest and 
dividends received from its issuer since its initial purchase date had substantially reached a breakeven position on a cash flow basis 
and was sold in its entirety. In 2021, dividend income related to this investment and the net change in the fair market value of this 
investment, recognized through earnings, were $78,000 and $387,000, respectively.  After June 30, 2020, through December 31, 2020, 
dividend income related to this investment and the net change in the fair market value of this investment, recognized through earnings, 
were $78,000 and $250,000, respectively.  The decrease in net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities was primarily 
due  to  investment  securities  sales  in  2020  which  were  part  of  the  Company’s  portfolio  optimization  and  liquidity  management 
strategies and were sold in order to improve the expected future total returns within the investment portfolio, particularly in light of 
potentially  increased  prepayment  activity,  related  to  the  sharp  decline  in  general  interest  rates,  and/or  potential  credit  downgrade 
concerns following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Noninterest Expense

The following table sets forth certain information on noninterest expense for the years indicated.

(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits
Building occupancy
Data processing
Professional and other services
Advertising
FDIC assessments
Audits and exams
Insurance agency expense
Community service activities
Foreclosed real estate expenses
Other expenses
Total noninterest expenses

Years Ended December 31,

2021 
14,384    $
3,121     
2,555     
1,627     
1,198     
874     
725     
825     
220     
46     
1,920     
27,495    $

2020 
13,468    $
3,013     
2,396     
1,210     
941     
699     
507     
743     
199     
50     
1,854     
25,080    $

 $

 $

Change

916     
108     
59     
417     
257     
175     
218     
82     
21     
(4)    
66     
2,415     

6.8%
3.6%
6.6%
34.5%
27.3%
25.0%
43.0%
11.0%
10.6%
-8.0%
3.6%
9.6%

Noninterest  expense  increased  $2.4  million,  or  9.6%,  to  $27.5  million  in  2021  from  $25.1  million  in  2020.    The  year-over-year 
increase  in  noninterest  expense  was  principally  driven  by  increases  in  most  categories  of  noninterest  expense.    The  Company 
experienced material declines in substantially all forms of noninterest expenses following the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic 
which began in March 2020.  Accordingly, the Company progressively returned to less restricted operations and noninterest expenses 
have returned to the levels considered by its management to be prudent for the effective long-term management of the Company. 

The increase in noninterest expense was primarily driven by an increase of $916,000 in personnel expenses, a $417,000 increase in 
professional  and  other  services,  a  $257,000  increase  in  advertising,  a  $218,000  increase  in  audits  and  exams  expense,  a  $159,000 
increase  in  data  processing  expense,  a  $143,000  increase  in  FDIC  assessments,  a  $108,000  increase  in  building  and  occupancy 
expense,  and  a  $82,000  and  $66,000  increase  in  insurance  agency  expense  and  other  expenses,  respectively.    The  increase  in  net 
salaries expense was partially the result of increased PPP loan originations in 2020 and the deferral of employee-related expenses in 
2020 related to those originations.  The increases in professional and other services fees, and audits and exams expense were primarily 
related to the Bank’s increased internal controls testing under FDICIA requirements for institutions with assets greater than $1 billion 
and additional expenses for the Company as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.  Building and occupancy costs increased as a result 
of  an  increase  in  maintenance  costs  and  depreciation  expense  of  $79,000  and  $48,000,  respectively.  These  increases  are  consistent 
with  the  Company’s  recent  refurbishments  of  certain  branch  and  administrative  locations  and  the  relative  timing  of  certain 
maintenance  activities.    Data  processing  costs  increased  due  to  increases  in  internet  banking  costs  and  processing  costs.    These 
increases  are  consistent  with  the  Company’s  customer  and  operational  growth.    The  FDIC  assessment  increased  as  a  result  of  an 
increase in the average balance of deposits, including an increase in the average balance of brokered time deposits.   Insurance agency 
expense increased as a result of a general increases in personnel costs and other administrative costs related to the Agency.

- 50 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Income Tax Expense

The  Company  reported  income  tax  expense  of  $3.5  million  in  2021  and  $1.3  million  in  2020,  an  increase  of  $2.2  million  when 
compared to the previous year.  This increase was the result of the increase in pretax net income of $7.7 million, combined with an 
increase in the effective tax rate in 2021, as described below.

The Company’s effective tax rate was 22.4% in 2021, as compared to 15.9% in 2020. The Company’s effective tax rate in 2021 was 
increased from the federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to the effects of New York State taxation, net of federal 
tax benefit, partially offset by the effects of tax exempt income received in the form of interest on tax exempt loans and investment 
securities, and the increase in the value of its bank owned life insurance.  

The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  was  15.9%  in  2020.  The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  was  reduced  from  the  federal  statutory 
income tax rate of 21.0% by 3.8% in 2020 as a result of anticipated New York State tax refunds described below and 2.0% by the 
combined effects of tax exempt income received in the form of interest on tax exempt loans and investment securities, and the increase 
in the value of its bank owned life insurance.  

During 2021, the Company disposed of an equity security investment that resulted in a capital loss.  Under current IRS law, capital 
losses are allowed to be carried back for a period of three years and carried forward five years.  The allowable portion that can be 
carried back will result in an approximate tax benefit of $56,000.  The Company believes that forecasted future capital gains make it 
likely that such capital losses will not be utilized in future periods, therefore, a valuation allowance has been provided on these capital 
losses.

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company filed amended New York State tax returns for 2015 through 2017 (the “carryback years”). 
The returns were amended from their original filings in order to file carryback claims utilizing New York State net operating losses 
generated under New York State tax law in 2018.  As a result, the Company received $316,000 in tax refunds from New York State 
for taxes previously paid in the carryback years.  This refund has been applied to the effective tax rate of the Company in 2020 in 
accordance with GAAP.  The recognition of this tax refund in 2020 reduced the Company’s effective tax rate by 3.8% in 2020. 

As a Maryland business corporation, the Company is required to file an annual report with, and pay franchise taxes to, the State of 
Maryland.

See Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements for the reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate.  

Earnings Per Share

Basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  were  both  $2.07,  as  compared  to  basic  and  diluted 
earnings per share of $1.17 for the year ended December 31, 2020.  The increase in earnings per share between these two periods was 
due to the increase in net income available to common shareholders between these two time periods.  Further information on earnings 
per share can be found in Note 3 of this Form 10-K.

CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total assets were $1.29 billion at December 31, 2021 as compared to $1.23 billion at December 31, 2020.  The increase in total assets 
of $57.7 million, or 4.7%, was the result of the increase in investment securities of $50.7 million, a $6.8 million increase in loans, 
principally  commercial  loans,  and  a  $5.6  million  increase  in  bank  owned  life  insurance.  All  other  assets,  excluding  cash  and  cash 
equivalents, increased by a net $1.0 million.  Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $6.3 million.  The increase in total assets in 2021 
was  funded  largely  by  a  $59.4  million  increase  in  deposits  to  $1.1  billion  at  December  31,  2021  and  a  $71.6  million  increase  in 
customer deposits, offset by a $12.2 million decrease in brokered deposits.

- 51 -

Investment Securities

The investment portfolio represented 27.2% of the Company’s average interest earning assets in 2021 and is designed to generate a 
favorable rate of return in consideration of all risk factors associated with debt securities while assisting the Company in meeting its 
liquidity needs and interest rate risk strategies.  All of the Company’s investments, with the exception of marketable equity securities, 
are  classified  as  either  available-for-sale  or  held-to-maturity.    The  Company  does  not  hold  any  trading  securities.    The  Company 
invests  primarily  in  securities  issued  by  United  States  Government  agencies  and  sponsored  enterprises  (“GSE”),  mortgage-backed 
securities,  collateralized  mortgage  obligations,  state  and  municipal  obligations,  mutual  funds,  equity  securities,  investment  grade 
corporate debt instruments, and common stock issued by the FHLBNY.  By investing in these types of assets, the Company reduces 
the  credit  risk  of  its  asset  base  through  geographical  and  collateral-type  diversification  but  must  accept  lower  yields  than  would 
typically  be  available  on  loan  products.    Our  mortgage-backed  securities  and  collateralized  mortgage  obligations  portfolios  include 
privately-issued but substantially over-collateralized pass-through securities as well as pass-through securities guaranteed by Fannie 
Mae, Freddie Mac, or Ginnie Mae.  

At  December  31,  2021,  available-for-sale  investment  securities  increased  48.6%  to  $190.6  million  and  held-to-maturity  investment 
securities  decreased  6.0%  to  $160.9  million  as  compared  to  December  31,  2020.  There  were  no  securities  that  exceeded  10%  of 
consolidated shareholders’ equity.  

Our  available-for-sale  investment  securities  are  carried  at  fair  value  and  our  held-to-maturity  investment  securities  are  carried  at 
amortized cost.

The following table sets forth the carrying value of the Company's investment portfolio at December 31:

(In thousands)
Investment Securities:

Available-for-Sale

Held-to-Maturity

2021 

2020 

2019 

2021 

2020 

2019 

  $

US treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label    
Common stock - financial services industry

Total investment securities

  $

32,273    $
39,199     
14,127     
13,613     
22,164     
12,285     
56,731     
206     
190,598    $

 $

6,416 
23,753 
12,668 
8,607 
25,211 
26,464 
24,936 
206 

128,261   

$

16,820    $
1,736     
12,554     
13,232     
18,980     
30,785     
16,821     
206     
111,134    $

-    $
14,790     
46,290     
14,636     
9,740     
11,362     
64,105     
-     
160,923    $

1,000    $
16,482     
36,441     
18,414     
11,807     
24,482     
62,598     
-     
171,224    $

1,998 
8,534 
25,779 
23,099 
13,715 
19,607 
30,256 
- 
122,988  

- 52 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
    
 
      
      
      
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
   
  
The following table sets forth the scheduled maturities, amortized cost, fair values and average yields for the Company's investment 
securities at December 31, 2021. Average yield is calculated on the amortized cost to maturity.  Adjustable rate mortgage-backed 
securities are included in the period in which interest rates are next scheduled to be reset.

AVAILABLE FOR SALE

(Dollars in thousands)
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities

Total

Mortgage-backed securities:

Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total
Other non-maturity investments:

Equity securities

Total

Total investment securities

(Dollars in thousands)
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities

Total

Mortgage-backed securities:

Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Other non-maturity investments:

Equity securities

Total

Total investment securities

One Year or Less

More Than One
to Five Years

More Than Five
to Ten Years

  Amortized 
Cost 

 Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

 Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

 Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

-     
-     
5,886     
-     
5,886     

17     
2,658     
1,447     
4,122     

  $

- 
- 
0.95%   
- 
0.95%  $

1.99%  $
1.12%   
3.11%   
3.11%  $

-     
-     
4,546     
278     
4,824     

3,723     
-     
13,885     
17,608     

  $

- 
- 
3.12%   
4.75%   
3.21%  $

1.28%  $
- 
2.61%   
2.33%  $

32,669     
-     
2,215     
-     
34,884     

-     
2,324     
7,481     
9,805     

206     
206     
10,214     

0.53%  $
0.53%  $
1.81%  $

-     
-     
22,432     

  $
- 
  $
- 
2.52%  $

-     
-     
44,689     

1.32%
- 
4.21%
- 
1.50%

- 
1.99%
1.77%
0.47%

- 
- 
1.28%

  More Than Ten Years

Total Investment Securities

  Amortized 
Cost 

  Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

  Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

Fair 
Value 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

-     
37,861     
957     
13,414     
52,232     

18,741     
7,676     
34,035     
60,452     

- 
  $
2.06%   
5.05%   
1.53%   
1.89%  $

1.32%  $
1.97%   
2.38%   
2.00%  $

32,669    $
37,861     
13,604     
13,692     
97,826    $

22,481    $
12,658     
56,848     
91,987    $

32,273     
39,199     
14,127     
13,613     
99,212     

22,164     
12,285     
56,731     
91,180     

-     
-     
112,684     

  $
- 
- 
  $
1.95%  $

206    $
206    $
190,019    $

206     
206     
190,598     

1.32%
2.06%
3.33%
3.14%
2.15%

1.53%
1.69%
2.47%
2.14%

0.53%
0.53%
2.14%

- 53 -

 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
      
  
HELD-TO-MATURITY

(Dollars in thousands)
Debt investment securities:

State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities

Total

Mortgage-backed securities:

Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US 
agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private 
label

Total

Total investment securities

One Year or Less

More Than One
to Five Years

More Than Five
to Ten Years

  Amortized 
Cost 

 Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

 Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

  Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

-     
2,817     
-     
2,817     

- 
3.79%   
- 
0.00%  $

1,797     
6,937     
234     
8,968     

3.08%   
3.34%   
4.03%   
3.31%  $

4,893     
34,798     
4,145     
43,836     

2.50%
4.59%
2.70%
4.18%

-     

- 

  $

2,881     

3.78%  $

-     

- 

1,486     

3.18%   

2,491     

3.40%   

3,214     

2.40%

17,066     
18,552     
21,369     

4.07%   
0.25%  $
0.22%  $

18,060     
23,432     
32,400     

3.58%   
3.59%  $
3.51%  $

1,984     
5,198     
49,034     

3.65%
2.88%
4.04%

  $

  $

  $
  $

(Dollars in thousands)
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities

Total

Mortgage-backed securities:

Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Total investment securities

  More Than Ten Years

Total Investment Securities

  Amortized 
Cost 

  Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

  Amortized 
Cost 

  Annualized 
  Weighted 
  Avg Yield 

Fair 
Value 

  $

  $

  $

  $
  $

-     
8,101     
1,738     
10,257     
20,096     

6,859     
4,171     
26,994     
38,024     
58,120     

  $
- 
2.34%   
3.74%   
2.32%   
2.45%  $

2.38%  $
2.57%   
2.32%   
2.36%  $
2.39%  $

-    $
14,791     
46,290     
14,636     
75,717    $

-     
15,066     
47,440     
14,515     
77,021     

9,740    $
11,362     
64,104     
85,206    $
160,923    $

9,999     
11,720     
64,065     
85,784     
162,805     

- 
2.64%
3.87%
3.02%
3.47%

3.08%
2.89%
3.41%
3.30%
3.38%

The  yield  information  disclosed  above  does  not  give  effect  to  changes  in  fair  value  that  are  reflected  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive loss in consolidated shareholders’ equity.

Loans Receivable

Average  loans  receivable  represented  69.9%  of  the  Company’s  average  interest  earning  assets  in  2021  and  account  for  the  greatest 
portion of total interest income.  At December 31, 2021, the Company has the largest portion of its loan portfolio in commercial loan 
products that represented 53.3% of total loans. These products include credits extended to businesses and political subdivisions within 
its marketplace that are typically secured by commercial real estate, equipment, inventories, and accounts receivable.  The residential 
mortgage loans product segment represents 29.7% of total loans at December 31, 2021.  The consumer loan products represents 17.0% 
of total loans at December 31, 2021.  The Company has seen the proportion of commercial loan products to total loans increase in 
recent years and it will continue to emphasize these types of loans.  Notwithstanding this emphasis, the Company also anticipates a 
continued commitment to financing the purchase or improvement of residential real estate in its market area.  

- 54 -

 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio, including net deferred costs, in dollar amount and as a percentage 
of loans.

(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate
Residential real estate held-for-sale
Commercial real estate
Commercial and tax exempt
Home equity and junior liens
Consumer loans

Total loans receivable

December 31,
2019

2021

2020

513    

0.1%   

1,526    

2017
38.2%
  $246,344     29.6%  $233,094     28.2%  $212,663     27.2%  $238,894     38.5%  $221,623    
0.0%
-    
33.2%
    287,279     34.5%    286,066     34.7%    254,781     32.6%    212,622     34.3%    192,540    
19.2%
    156,167     18.8%    194,963     23.6%    148,776     19.0%    116,914     18.8%    111,786    
4.5%
4.3%    26,235    
    32,048    
3.8%    38,941    
    110,108     13.2%    70,905    
4.9%
4.1%    28,647    
  $832,459     100.0%  $825,495     100.0%  $781,451     100.0%  $620,270     100.0%  $580,831     100.0%

4.7%    46,688    
6.0%    26,416    
8.6%    82,607     10.6%    25,424    

0.2%    35,936    

4.6%   

0.0%   

2018

-    

The following table shows the amount of loans outstanding, including net deferred costs, as of December 31, 2021 which, based on 
remaining  scheduled  repayments  of  principal,  are  due  in  the  periods  indicated.    Demand  loans  having  no  stated  schedule  of 
repayments, no stated maturity, and overdrafts are reported as one year or less.  Adjustable and floating rate loans are included in the 
period on which interest rates are next scheduled to adjust, rather than the period in which they contractually mature.  Fixed rate loans 
are included in the period in which the final contractual repayment is due. 

 (In thousands)
Real estate:

Commercial real estate
Residential real estate

Total real estate loans
Commercial and tax exempt
Home Equity and junior liens
Consumer
Total loans

Due 
Under 
One Year 

Due 1-5 
Years 

Due > 5 
Years to 
Fifteen 
Years 

Due Over 
Fifteen 
Years 

Total 

  $

93,317    $ 174,026    $
3,201     
1,404     
94,721      177,227     
52,124     
97,599     
1,832     
15,539     
20,955     
26,752     

19,671    $
265    $ 287,279 
70,665      171,587      246,857 
90,336      171,852      534,136 
-      156,167 
6,444     
4,612     
10,065     
32,048 
54,851      110,108 
7,550     
  $ 234,611    $ 252,138    $ 114,395    $ 231,315    $ 832,459  

The  following  table  sets  forth  fixed-  and  adjustable-rate  loans  at  December  31,  2021  that  are  contractually  due  after  December  31, 
2022:

 (In thousands)
Interest rates:

Fixed
Variable
Total loans

Due After
One Year

  $

  $

366,780 
231,068 
597,848  

Total loans receivable, including net deferred costs, increased $7.0 million, or 0.8%, to $832.5 million at December 31, 2021 when 
compared to $825.5 million at December 31, 2020, due to increases in consumer loans and residential mortgage loans of $32.3 million 
and  $11.9  million,  respectively.   These  increases  were  offset  by  a  decrease  in  commercial  loans  of  $37.2  million.  The  increase  in 
consumer loans was primarily due to the purchase of two secured consumer installment loan pools of $22.3 million and $24.9 million 
during 2021.  The increase in residential mortgage loans was primarily the result of increased home sales in 2021. The Company does 
not originate sub-prime, Alt-A, negative amortizing or other higher risk structured residential mortgages. The Company maintained its 
previously established credit standards, but continued to benefit from the expanding relationship-derived business activity within the 
markets that the Bank serves. Commercial loans decreased primarily due to decreases of $41.3 million in PPP loans and $9.5 million 
in other commercial and industrial, offset by increases in commercial lines of credit of $12.8 million.  The decrease in commercial 
loans was primarily due to the forgiveness of $41.3 million of PPP loans during the year.  

- 55 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
     
 
   
Nonperforming Loans and Assets

The following table represents information concerning the aggregate amount of nonperforming assets:

(Dollars In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:

Commercial and commercial real estate loans
Consumer
Residential mortgage loans

Total nonaccrual loans

Total nonperforming loans
Foreclosed real estate

Total nonperforming assets

Accruing troubled debt restructurings

2021 

2020 

December 31,
2019 

2018 

2017 

6,297 
1,104 
891 
8,292 
8,292 
- 
8,292 

  $

  $

17,978 
747 
2,608 
21,333 
21,333 
- 
21,333 

  $

  $

3,002 
631 
1,613 
5,246 
5,246 
88 
5,334 

  $

  $

830 
142 
1,176 
2,148 
2,148 
1,173 
3,321 

  $

  $

2,443 
363 
2,088 
4,894 
4,894 
468 
5,362 

3,605 

  $

3,554 

  $

2,008 

  $

2,574 

  $

2,539 

  $

  $

  $

Nonperforming loans to total loans
Nonperforming assets to total assets

1.00%   
0.65%   

2.58%   
1.74%   

0.67%   
0.49%   

0.35%   
0.36%   

0.84%
0.61%

Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, nonaccrual troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”), and foreclosed real estate (“FRE”). 
Loans are considered a TDR when, due to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company makes a concession(s) to the borrower that 
it would not otherwise consider. These modifications may include an extension of the term of the loan, and granting a period when 
interest-only payments can be made, with the principal payments made over the remaining term of the loan or at maturity.  TDRs are 
included in the above table within the categories of nonaccrual loans or accruing TDRs.

Pursuant  to  the  CARES  Act  and  subsequent  legislation,  financial  institutions  had  the  option  to  temporarily  suspend  certain 
requirements under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles related to troubled debt restructurings for a limited period of time to 
account for the effects of COVID-19. This provision allowed a financial institution the option to not apply the guidance on accounting 
for troubled debt restructurings to loan modifications, such as extensions or deferrals, related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 
2020 and the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency. The relief could only be 
applied to modifications for borrowers that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The Bank elected to adopt 
these provisions of the CARES Act in 2020.  Management monitored these entities closely and has incorporated our current estimate 
of  the  ultimate  collectability  of  these  loans  into  the  reported  allowance  for  loan  losses  at  December  31,  2021.    The  ratio  of  the 
allowance for loan losses to year end loans was 1.57% and 1.55% for December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.  

Total  nonperforming  loans  decreased  $13.0  million,  or  61%,  between  December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2021,  driven  by 
decreases of $11.6 million and $1.7 million in nonperforming commercial and commercial real estate loans and residential real estate 
loans  respectively,  partially  offset  by  an  increase  of  $357,000  in  consumer  loans.  The  decrease  in  nonperforming  commercial  and 
commercial  real  estate  loans  in  2021  was  primarily  due  to  the  return  of  two  commercial  loan  relationships,  comprised  of  two 
individual  loans,  with  aggregate  outstanding  loan  balances  of  $12.0  million,  to  accrual  status  during  the  year.    These  loans  were 
initially placed in nonaccrual status in 2020.  These relationships, which included loans secured by third-party pledges and/or business 
assets, as well as loans collateralized by commercial real estate were making all required payments, as agreed, at December 31, 2021. 

Management is monitoring these entities closely and has incorporated our current estimate of the ultimate collectability of these loans 
into  the  reported  allowance  for  loan  losses  at  December  31,  2021.   Management  believes  that  the  value  of  the  collateral  properties 
underlying the loans is sufficient to preclude any significant losses related to these loans. Management continues to monitor and react 
to  national  and  local  economic  trends  as  well  as  general  portfolio  conditions  which  may  impact  the  quality  of  the  portfolio,  and 
considers these environmental factors in support of the allowance for loan loss reserve.  Management believes that the current level of 
the allowance for loan losses, at $12.9 million at December 31, 2021, adequately addresses the current level of risk within the loan 
portfolio,  particularly  considering  the  types  and  levels  of  collateralization  supporting  the  substantial  majority  of  the  portfolio.  The 
Company maintains strict loan underwriting standards and carefully monitors the performance of the loan portfolio.  

There were no Foreclosed Real Estate (“FRE”) balances at December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

- 56 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
The Company generally places a loan on nonaccrual status and ceases accruing interest when loan payment performance is deemed 
unsatisfactory  and  the  loan  is  past  due  90  days  or  more.    There  are  no  loans  that  are  past  due  90  days  or  more  and  still  accruing 
interest.  The Company considers a loan impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will 
be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan.  Had the 
loans  in  nonaccrual  status  performed  in  accordance  with  their  original  terms,  additional  interest  income  of  $592,000  and  $685,000 
would have been recorded for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The measurement of impaired loans is based upon the fair value of the collateral or the present value of future cash flows discounted 
at  the  historical  effective  interest  rate  for  impaired  loans  when  the  receipt  of  contractual  principal  and  interest  is  probable.    At 
December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $11.4 million and $22.8 million in loans, which were deemed to be 
impaired,  having  specific  reserves  of  $1.9  million  and  $2.8  million,  respectively.    The  $11.5  million  year-over-year  decrease  in 
impaired  loans  was  principally  due  to  decreases  of  $5.6  million,  $4.8  million,  $772,000,  $642,000  and  $81,000  in  impaired 
commercial real estate loans, other commercial and industrial loans, commercial lines of credit, residential loans and other consumer 
loans, respectively.  Home equity and junior liens increased $415,000 when compared to 2020. 

The  threshold  for  individually  measuring  impairment  on  commercial  real  estate  or  commercial  loans  remains  at  $100,000  and  for 
residential mortgage loans remains at $300,000 at December 31, 2021. The thresholds described above do not apply to loans that have 
been  classified  as  troubled  debt  restructurings,  which  are  individually  measured  for  impairment  at  the  time  that  the  restructuring  is 
affected. 

Appraisals are obtained at the time a real estate secured loan is originated.  For commercial real estate held as collateral, the property 
is inspected every two years.  

Management has identified certain loans with potential credit profiles that may result in the borrowers not being able to comply with 
the current loan repayment terms and which may result in possible future impaired loan reporting.  Potential problem loans decreased 
$2.3  million  to  $43.6  million  at  December  31,  2021,  compared  to  $45.9  million  at  December  31,  2020.   These  loans  have  been 
internally classified as special mention, substandard, or doubtful, yet are not currently considered impaired.  The decrease in potential 
problem  loans  was  primarily  due  to  a  $3.2  million  decrease  in  potential  problem  residential  loans  and  a  $1.6  million  decrease  in 
potential problem commercial and industrial loans.  These decreases were partially offset by increase in potential problem commercial 
real estate loans of $2.5.  The decrease in potential problem commercial and industrial loans and residential loans was a result of the 
loans that were previously potential problem loans, which were deemed to be impaired during 2020.   

Total  potential  problem  loans,  including  impaired  loans,  were  $43.7  million  at  December  31,  2021,  comprised  of  special  mention, 
substandard  and  doubtful  loans  of  $18.3  million,  $23.8  million  and  $1.6  million,  respectively.    Total  potential  problem  loans, 
including impaired loans, were $45.9 million at December 31, 2020, comprised of special mention, substandard and doubtful loans of 
$20.7 million, $23.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively.  Special mention loans decreased $2.5 million, partially offset by increases 
in  doubtful  loans  of  $123,000  and  substandard  loans  of  $59,000  at  December  31,  2021  as  compared  to  December  31,  2020.    The 
decrease  in  loans  classified  as  substandard  was  primarily  due  to  a  $15.5  million  increase  in  commercial  loans  in  2020,  due  to  the 
addition of two relationships outstanding comprised of eight loans with an outstanding balance of $8.9 million. These relationships, 
include secured loans (secured by third-party pledges, other governmental grants and/or business assets), unsecured loans, and loans 
collateralized by commercial real estate.    

The Company measures delinquency based on the amount of past due loans as a percentage of total loans.  The ratio of delinquent 
loans to total loans increased to 2.14% at December 31, 2021 as compared to 1.85% at December 31, 2020.  This increase was due to 
an increase of $2.8 million in past due commercial loans and a $317,000 increase in past due consumer loans, partially offset by a 
$650,000 decrease in past due residential loans.  At December 31, 2021, there were $17.9 million in loans past due including $5.2 
million, $4.6 million and $8.0 million in loans 30-59 days, 60-89 days, and 90 days and over past due, respectively.  At December 31, 
2020, there were $15.3 million in loans past due including $3.8 million, $5.4 million and $6.1 million in loans 30-59 days, 60-89 days, 
and 90 days and over past due, respectively.

The increase of $2.5 million in total loans past due at December 31, 2021, as compared to December 31, 2020, was primarily due to an 
increase of $1.9 million in loans 90 days and over past due and a $1.5 million increase in 30-59 days past due, partially offset by a 
$783,000 decrease in loans 60-89 days past due. The increase in loans 30-59 days past due was primarily due to an increase of $1.9 
million in commercial loans.  At December 31, 2021, there were 13 loans with an outstanding aggregate balance of $5.2 million that 
were 30-59 days past due, while at December 31, 2020, there were 13 loans with an outstanding aggregate balance of $1.8 million.  
The decrease in loans 60-89 days past due was primarily due to a decrease of $605,000 in commercial loans.  The increase in loans 90 
days and over past due was primarily due to an increase of $1.6 million in delinquent commercial loans. 

The ratio of the allowance to loan losses to year end loans was 1.57% and 1.55% for December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 
respectively.

- 57 -

Loans purchased outside of the Bank’s general market area are subject to substantial pre-purchase due diligence.  Homogenous pools 
of purchased loans are subject to pre-purchase analyses led by a team of the Bank’s senior executives and credit analysts.  In each 
case, the Bank’s analytical processes consider the types of loans being evaluated, the underwriting criteria employed by the originating 
entity,  the  historical  performance  of  such  loans,  especially  in  the  most  recent  deeply  recessionary  period,  the  offered  collateral 
enhancements and other credit loss mitigation factors offered by the seller and the capabilities and financial stability of the servicing 
entities involved.  From a credit risk perspective, these loan pools also benefit from broad diversification, including wide geographic 
dispersion, the readily-verifiable historical performance of similar loans issued by the originators, as well as the overall experience and 
skill of the underwriters and servicing entities involved as counterparties to the Bank in these transactions.  The performance of all 
purchased  loan  pools  are  monitored  regularly  from  detailed  reports  and  remittance  reconciliations  provided  at  least  monthly  by  the 
servicing entities.  

The projected credit losses related to purchased loan pools are evaluated prior to purchase and the performance of those loans against 
expectations  are  analyzed  at  least  monthly.    Over  the  life  of  the  purchased  loan  pools,  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is  adjusted, 
through  the  provision  for  loan  losses,  for  expected  loss  experience,  over  the  projected  life  of  the  loans.  The  expected  credit  loss 
experience is determined at the time of purchase and is modified, to the extent necessary, during the life of the purchased loan pools.  
The Bank does not initially increase the allowance for loan losses on the purchase date of the loan pools.  

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Bank  has,  from  time  to  time,  sold  residential  mortgage  loans  and  participation  interests  in 
commercial loans. As is typical in the industry, the Bank makes certain representations and warranties to the buyer. Pathfinder Bank 
maintains  a  quality  control  program  for  closed  loans  and  considers  the  risks  and  uncertainties  associated  with  potential  repurchase 
requirements to be minimal.  

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is established through provision for loan losses and reduced by loan charge-offs net of recoveries. The 
allowance for loan losses represents the amount available for probable credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio as estimated by 
management.    In  its  assessment  of  the  qualitative  factors  used  in  arriving  at  the  required  allowance  for  loan  losses,  management 
considers changes in national and local economic trends, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of the portfolios’ growth, trends 
in delinquencies and nonaccrual balances, changes in loan policy, and changes in management experience and staffing.  These factors, 
coupled  with  the  recent  historical  loss  experience  within  the  loan  portfolio  by  product  segment  support  the  estimable  and  probable 
losses within the loan portfolio. 

The  Company  establishes  a  specific  allocation  for  all  commercial  loans  identified  as  being  impaired  with  a  balance  in  excess  of 
$100,000 that are also on nonaccrual or have been risk rated under the Company’s risk rating system as substandard, doubtful, or loss. 
The measurement of impaired loans is based upon either the present value of future cash flows discounted at the historical effective 
interest  rate  or  the  fair  value  of  the  collateral,  less  costs  to  sell  for  collateral  dependent  loans.    At  December  31,  2021,  the  Bank’s 
position in impaired loans consisted of 56 loans totaling $11.4 million.  Of these loans, 18 loans, totaling $2.3 million, were valued 
using  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows  method;  and  38  loans,  totaling  $9.0  million,  were  valued  based  on  a  collateral 
analysis.   For  all  other  loans,  the  Company  uses  the  general  allocation  methodology  that  establishes  an  allowance  to  estimate  the 
probable  incurred  loss  for  each  risk-rating  category.  The  Company  uses  the  fair  value  of  collateral,  less  costs  to  sell  to  measure 
impairment on commercial and commercial real estate loans.  Residential real estate loans in excess of $300,000 will also be included 
in this individual loan review.  Residential real estate loans less than this amount will be included in impaired loans if it is part of the 
total  related  credit  to  a  previously  identified  impaired  commercial  loan.    The  Company  also  establishes  a  specific  allowance, 
regardless of the size of the loan, for all loans subject to a troubled debt restructuring agreement.

The allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $12.9 million and $12.8 million respectively, or 1.57% of total 
year end loans.  The Company recorded $1.0 million in net charge-offs in 2021 as compared to $599,000 in net charge-offs in 2020.  
The ratio of net charge-offs to average loans increased to 0.12% in 2021 from 0.08% in 2020.

For further discussion of our allowance for loan losses procedures, please see “Business-Allowance for Loan Losses” and Note 6 to 
the consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

- 58 -

The following table sets forth the allocation of allowance for loan losses by loan category for the years indicated.  The allocation of 
the allowance by category is not necessarily indicative of future losses and does not restrict the use of the allowance to absorb losses 
in any category.

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate
Commercial real estate
Commercial and tax exempt
Home equity and junior liens
Consumer loans
Unallocated (1)

Total

  $

  Allocation  
of the 
  Allowance 
  $

872      
5,308      
3,701      
774      
1,297      
983      
12,935      

  Percent of 
  Loans to 
 Total Loans  

 Allocation  
of the 
 Allowance 

  Percent of 
  Loans to 
 Total Loans  

 Allocation  
of the 
 Allowance 

  Percent of 
  Loans to 
 Total Loans  

 Allocation  
of the 
 Allowance 

  Percent of 
  Loans to 
 Total Loans  

 Allocation  
of the 
 Allowance 

  Percent of 
  Loans to 
 Total Loans  

29.6%   $
34.5%    
18.8%    
3.8%    
13.2%    
0.1%    
100.0%   $

931     
4,776     
4,663     
739     
1,123     
545     
12,777     

28.2%   $
34.7%    
23.6%    
4.7%    
8.6%    
0.18%    
100.0%   $

580     
4,010     
2,841     
553     
413     
272     
8,669     

27.2%   $
32.6%    
19.0%    
6.0%    
10.6%    
0 
100.0%   $

766     
3,578     
2,016     
409     
385     
152     
7,306     

38.5%   $
34.3%    
18.8%    
4.3%    
4.1%    
-  
100.0%   $

865      
3,589      
1,950      
514      
208      
-      
7,126      

38.2%
33.2%
19.2%
4.5%
4.9%
-  

100.0%

(1)

Includes loans held-for-sale at December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.  There were no loans classified as held for sale at December 
31, 2018 and 2017.

The following table sets forth the allowance for loan losses for the years indicated:

 (Dollars In thousands)
Balance at beginning of year
Provisions charged to operating expenses
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:

  $

2021 
12,777    $
1,022     

2020 
8,669    $
4,707     

2019 
7,306    $
1,966     

2018 
7,126    $
1,497     

2017 
6,247 
1,769 

Commercial real estate and loans
Consumer and home equity
Residential real estate
Total recoveries
Loans charged off:

Commercial real estate and loans
Consumer and home equity
Residential real estate
Total charged-off

Net charge-offs
Balance at end of year

70     
88     
-     
158     

(764)    
(240)    
(20)    
(1,024)    
(866)    
12,935    $

4     
95     
2     
101     

(222)    
(353)    
(125)    
(700)    
(599)    
12,777    $

1     
60     
2     
63     

(294)    
(361)    
(11)    
(666)    
(603)    
8,669    $

66     
58     
21     
145     

(952)    
(265)    
(245)    
(1,462)    
(1,317)    
7,306    $

  $

The following table sets forth the loan net charge-off ratios for the years indicated:

Allowance for loan losses to year-end loans
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans
Nonaccrual Loans to total loans
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding

Commercial real estate and loans
Consumer and home equity
Residential real estate
Total charged-off

Bank Owned Life Insurance

2021 
1.57% 
155.99% 
1.00% 
155.99% 

0.15% 
0.13% 
0.01% 
0.10% 

15 
46 
13 
74 

(587)
(211)
(166)
(964)
(890)
7,126  

2020 
1.55%
59.89%
2.58%
59.89%

0.07%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%

The Company held $23.4 million and $17.9 million in bank owned life insurance at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  Bank 
owned life insurance increased $5.5 million, or 31.1%, to $23.4 million at December 31, 2021, as compared to December 31, 2020.  
The  increase  was  primarily  due  to  the  $5.0  million  purchase  in  additional  life  insurance  and  an  increase  in  the  cash  value  of  the 
policies recorded as income in 2021.

Deposits 

The Company’s deposit base is drawn from ten full-service offices in its market area.  The deposit base consists of demand deposits, 
money  management  and  money  market  deposit  accounts,  savings,  and  time  deposits.  Average  deposits  increased  $74.6  million,  or 

- 59 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7.8%, in 2021.   For the year ended December 31, 2021, 64.5% of the Company's average deposit base of $1.0 billion consisted of 
core deposits.  Core deposits, which exclude time deposits, are considered to be more stable and provide the Company with a lower 
cost of funds than time deposits.  The Company will continue to emphasize retail and business core deposits by providing depositors 
with a full range of deposit product offerings and will maintain its recent focus on deposit gathering within the Syracuse market. 

At December 31, 2021, business deposits, consumer deposits, and municipal deposits increased $33.9 million, $23.9 million and $13.8 
million, respectively, when compared to December 31, 2020.  The increase in business deposits was primarily from activities related 
to PPP loans.  Noninterest-bearing deposits, which are primarily demand deposits, were $191.9 million at year end, compared with 
$162.1  million  on  December  31,  2020.    A  significant,  but  indeterminate  amount  of  this  increase  in  noninterest-bearing  accounts  is 
comprised of the unused balances in PPP loans that were deposited directly into customer accounts during the first quarter of 2021.  
The increase in consumer deposits during the year ended December 31, 2021 reflected the Bank’s increased market penetration among 
non-business customers, particularly in Onondaga County, and the effects of federal and state stimulus payments to consumers during 
the pandemic, partially offset by decreased brokered deposit acceptances and the resultant decrease in the average balance of brokered 
deposits accepted by the Bank in 2021, as compared to 2020.  The increase in municipal deposits in 2021, as compared to the previous 
year, resulted from transitory factors among a small number of the Bank’s largest municipal depositors. 

Total deposits of $1.06 billion at December 31, 2021 consisted in part of $158.0 million in brokered money market and certificates of 
deposit  accounts.  Brokered  deposits  represented  15.0%  of  all  deposits  at  December  31,  2021.    Total  deposits  of  $995.9  million  at 
December  31,  2020  consisted  in  part  of  $170.0  million  in  brokered  money  market  and  certificates  of  deposit  accounts.  Brokered 
deposits represented 17.1% of all deposits at December 31, 2020.

The following table sets forth our deposit composition in dollar amount and as a percentage of total deposits.

(Dollars in thousands)
Savings accounts
Time accounts
Time accounts in excess of $250,000
Money management accounts
MMDA accounts
Demand deposit interest-bearing
Demand deposit noninterest-bearing
Mortgage escrow funds

Total Deposits

2021
  $ 131,176     
253,564     
67,450     
16,124     
256,963     
130,816     
191,858     
7,395     
  $ 1,055,346     

December 31,
2020
12.4%  $ 103,093     
305,074     
24.0%   
91,976     
6.4%   
15,650     
1.5%   
227,970     
24.3%   
83,129     
12.4%   
162,057     
18.2%   
6,958     
0.7%   
100.0%  $ 995,907     

2019
81,926     
328,188     
93,455     
14,388     
185,402     
64,533     
107,501     
6,500     
100.0%  $ 881,893     

10.4%  $
30.6%   
9.2%   
1.6%   
22.9%   
8.3%   
16.3%   
0.7%   

9.3%
37.2%
10.6%
1.6%
21.0%
7.3%
12.2%
0.7%
100.0%

At December 31, 2021, time deposit accounts in excess of $250,000 totaled $67.5 million, or 21.01% of time deposits and 6.4% of 
total deposits.  At December 31, 2020, these deposits totaled $92 million, or 23.2% of time deposits and 9.2% of total deposits.

The  following  table  indicates  the  amount  of  the  Company’s  time  deposit  accounts  in  excess  of  $250,000  by  time  remaining  until 
maturity as of December 31, 2021:

 (In thousands)
Remaining Maturity:
Three months or less
Three through six months
Six through twelve months
Over twelve months

Total

Borrowings

  $

  $

15,077 
14,419 
17,640 
20,314 
67,450  

Borrowings are comprised primarily of advances and overnight borrowings at the FHLBNY.  

- 60 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table represents information regarding short-term borrowings for the years ended December 31:

 (Dollars in thousands)
Maximum outstanding at any month end
Average amount outstanding during the year
Balance at the end of the period
Average interest rate during the year
Average interest rate at the end of the period

  $

2021 
12,500 
3,677 
12,500 

 $

0.28%   
1.28%   

 $

2020 
10,158 
8,985 
4,020 
1.65%   
0.26%   

The following table represents information regarding long-term borrowings for the years ended December 31:

 (Dollars in thousands)
Maximum outstanding at any month end
Average amount outstanding during the year
Balance at the end of the period
Average interest rate during the year
Average interest rate at the end of the period

Subordinated Loans

  $

2021 
85,125 
75,724 
64,598 

 $

1.34%   
1.12%   

2020 
83,299 
72,430 
78,030 

 $

2.08%   
1.60%   

2019 
39,038 
14,835 
25,138 

2.54%
1.80%

2019 
70,514 
64,011 
67,987 

2.46%
2.52%

The  Company  has  a  non-consolidated  subsidiary  trust,  Pathfinder  Statutory  Trust  II,  of  which  the  Company  owns  100%  of  the 
common  equity.    The  Trust  issued  $5,000,000  of  30-year  floating  rate  Company-obligated  pooled  capital  securities  of  Pathfinder 
Statutory Trust II (“Floating-Rate Debentures”).  The Company borrowed the proceeds of the capital securities from its subsidiary by 
issuing  floating  rate  junior  subordinated  deferrable  interest  debentures  having  substantially  similar  terms.    The  capital  securities 
mature in 2037 and are treated as Tier 1 capital by the FDIC and Federal Reserve.  The capital securities of the trust are a pooled trust 
preferred fund of Preferred Term Securities VI, Ltd., whose interest rate resets quarterly, and are indexed to the 3-month U.S. dollar-
denominated  (“USD”)  LIBOR  rate  plus  1.65%.    These  securities  have  a  five-year  call  provision.    The  Company  paid  $94,000  and 
$124,000 in interest expense related to this issuance in 2021 and 2020, respectively.  The Company guarantees all of these securities.    

In December 2020 the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), the organization responsible for regulating LIBOR, 
stated that it would (i) cease publishing indices at December 31, 2020 for one-week and two-month USD LIBOR after December 31, 
2021, and (ii) cease publishing of all other tenors of USD LIBOR (specifically, one, three, six and 12-month tenors) after June 30, 
2023. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (the “ARRC”), formed by the FRB and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 
was  charged  with  developing  an  alternative  rate  that  will  replace  USD  LIBOR.    The  ARRC  subsequently  identified  the  Secured 
Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the rate that represents best practice for use in USD LIBOR derivatives and other financial 
contracts.  U.S. banking regulators also encouraged banks to cease entering into new contracts that use USD LIBOR as a reference 
rate as soon as practicable and, in any event, by December 31, 2021.  Management has analyzed the Company’s aggregate exposure to 
instruments  that  are  indexed  to  USD  LIBOR  (including  the  Company’s  acquired  loan  participations,  fixed-income  investments, 
hedging  instruments  and  the  Floating-Rate  Debentures)  and  concluded  that  the  adoption  of  SOFR  will  not  materially  impact  the 
Company or the results of its operations.  

The  Company's  equity  interest  in  the  trust  subsidiary  is  included  in  other  assets  on  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Condition  at 
December 31, 2021 and 2020.  For regulatory reporting purposes, the Federal Reserve has indicated that the preferred securities will 
continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital subject to previously specified limitations, until further notice. If regulators make a determination 
that Trust Preferred Securities can no longer be considered in regulatory capital, the securities become callable and the Company may 
redeem them at its discretion.

On October 15, 2015, the Company executed a $10.0 million non-amortizing Subordinated Loan (the 2015 Subordinated Loan) with 
an unrelated third party that was scheduled to mature on October 1, 2025. The Company had the right to prepay the 2015 Subordinated 
Loan on the first day of any calendar quarter after October 15, 2020 without penalty. The effective annual interest rate charged to the 
Company was be 6.25% through the maturity date of the 2015 Subordinated Loan.  The Company paid $172,000 in origination and 
legal fees as part of this transaction.  These fees were amortized over the life of the 2015 Subordinated Loan through its first call date 
using the effective interest method.  The effective cost of funds related to this transaction was 6.44% calculated under this method 
through October 15, 2020 and was subsequently 6.25% until the stated maturity or redemption date. In the first quarter of 2021, the 
Company  exercised  its  existing  contractual  option  and  issued  a  Notice  of  Redemption  (“NOR”)  to  the  holders  of  the  2015 
Subordinated Loan, which was scheduled to mature on October 1, 2025. With the issuance of this NOR, the Company redeemed the 
$10.0  million  2015  Subordinated  Loan,  plus  accrued  interest  on  April  1,  2021.    Interest  expense,  related  to  this  borrowing,  of 
$156,000 and $650,000 was recorded in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

- 61 -

 
 
 
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
   
On October 14, 2020, the Company executed a private placement of $25.0 million of its 5.50% Fixed to Floating Rate non-amortizing 
Subordinated Loan (the “2020 Subordinated Loan”) to certain qualified institutional buyers and accredited institutional investors. The 
2020 Subordinated Loan has a maturity date of October 15, 2030 and initially bear interest, payable semi-annually, at a fixed annual 
rate of 5.50% per annum until October 15, 2025.  Commencing on that date, the interest rate applicable to the outstanding principal 
amount due will be reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three month Secured Overnight Financing 
Rate (SOFR) plus 532 basis points, payable quarterly until maturity. The Company may redeem the 2020 Subordinated Loan at par, in 
whole or in part, at its option, any time after October 15, 2025 (the first redemption date).  The 2020 Subordinated Loan is senior in 
the Company’s credit repayment hierarchy only to the Company’s common equity and, any future senior indebtedness and is intended 
to  qualify  as  Tier  2  capital  for  regulatory  capital  purposes  for  the  Company,  when  applicable.    The  Company  paid  $783,000  in 
origination and legal fees as part of this transaction.  These fees will be amortized over the life of the 2020 Subordinated Loan through 
its first redemption date using the effective interest method, giving rise to an effective cost of funds of 6.22% from the issuance date 
calculated  under  this  method.    Accordingly,  interest  expense  of  $1.5  million  was  recorded  in  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021 
related to this transaction.

Capital

The Company’s shareholders’ equity increased $12.8 million, or 13.2%, to $110.3 million at December 31, 2021 from $97.5 million at 
December  31,  2020.    This  increase  was  primarily  due  to  a  $10.7  million  increase  in  retained  earnings,  a  $968,000  increase  in 
comprehensive  income,  a  $1.0  million  increase  in  additional  paid  in  capital  and  a  $180,000  increase  in  ESOP  shares  earned.  
Comprehensive income increased primarily as the result of reduced losses on derivatives and hedging activities, partially offset by the 
unrealized  losses  on  available for  sale  securities  during  2021.   The  increase  in retained earnings  resulted  from  $12.4  million  in  net 
income recorded in 2021.  Partially offsetting this increase in retained earnings were $1.3 million for cash dividends declared on our 
voting common stock, $290,000 for cash dividends declared on our non-voting common stock, $97,000 for cash dividends declared on 
our preferred stock, and $35,000 for cash dividends declared on our issued warrant.  

Risk-based capital provides the basis for which all banks are evaluated in terms of capital adequacy.  Capital adequacy is evaluated 
primarily  by  the  use  of  ratios  which  measure  capital  against  total  assets,  as  well  as  against  total  assets  that  are  weighted  based  on 
defined  risk  characteristics.    The  Company’s  goal  is  to  support  growth  and  expansion  activities,  while  maintaining  a  strong  capital 
position  and  exceeding  regulatory  standards.    At  December  31,  2021,  the  Bank  exceeded  all  regulatory  required  minimum  capital 
ratios and met the regulatory definition of a “well-capitalized” institution.  See “Supervision and Regulation – Federal Regulations – 
Capital Requirements”  

As  a  result  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act,  the  Company’s  ability  to  raise  new  capital  through  the  use  of  trust  preferred  securities  may  be 
limited because these securities will no longer be included in Tier 1 capital.  In addition, our ability to generate or originate additional 
revenue producing assets may be constrained in the future in order to comply with capital standards required by federal regulation. See 
Note  20  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  contained  herein  and  the  regulation  and  supervision  section  within  Part  I  of  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion on regulatory capital requirements.

The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum 
capital  requirements  can  initiate  certain  mandatory  and  possibly  additional  discretionary  actions  by  regulators  that,  if  undertaken, 
could  have  a  direct  material  effect  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements.  Under  capital  adequacy  guidelines  and  the 
regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures 
of its assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts 
and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain amounts and ratios  of total 
and  Tier  1  capital  (as  defined  in  the  regulations)  to  risk-weighted  assets  (as  defined),  and  of  Tier  1  capital  (as  defined)  to  average 
assets (as defined). 

As of December 31, 2021, the Bank’s most recent notification from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation categorized the Bank 
as “well-capitalized”, under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as “well-capitalized”, the Bank 
must  maintain  specified  total  risk-based,  Tier  1  risk-based  and  Tier  1  leverage  ratios.  There  are  no  conditions  or  events  since  that 
notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category.

The  regulations  also  impose  a  “capital  conservation  buffer”  consisting  of  2.5%  of  common  equity  Tier  1  capital  to  risk-weighted 
assets above the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements.  The buffer is separate from the capital ratios 
required under the Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) standards and imposes restrictions on dividend distributions and discretionary 
bonuses. In order to avoid these restrictions, the capital conservation buffer effectively increases the minimum the following capital to 
risk-weighted assets ratios: (1) Core Capital, (2) Total Capital and (3) Common Equity.  At December 31, 2021, the Bank exceeded all 
current regulatory required minimum capital ratios, including the capital buffer requirements.

- 62 -

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity management involves the Company’s ability to generate cash or otherwise obtain funds at reasonable rates to support asset 
growth,  meet  deposit  withdrawals,  maintain  reserve  requirements,  and  otherwise  operate  the  Company  on  an  ongoing  basis.    The 
Company's primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowed funds, amortization and prepayment of loans and maturities of investment 
securities and other short-term investments, and earnings and funds provided from operations.  While scheduled principal repayments 
on loans are a relatively predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest 
rates, economic conditions and competition.  The Company manages the pricing of deposits to maintain a desired deposit balance.  In 
addition, the Company invests excess funds in short-term interest-earning and other assets, which provide liquidity to meet lending 
requirements.  

The Company's liquidity has been enhanced by its ability to borrow from the FHLBNY, whose competitive advance programs and 
lines of credit provide the Company with a safe, reliable, and convenient source of funds.  A significant decrease in deposits in the 
future could result in the Company having to seek other sources of funds for liquidity purposes.  Such sources could include, but are 
not  limited  to,  additional  borrowings,  brokered  deposits,  negotiated  time  deposits,  the  sale  of  "available-for-sale"  investment 
securities,  or  the  sale  of  loans.    Such  actions  could  result  in  higher  interest  expense  costs  and/or  losses  on  the  sale  of  securities  or 
loans.  

For the year ended December 31, 2021, cash and cash equivalents decreased by $6.3 million. The Company reported net cash flows 
from financing activities of $43.5 million generated principally by increased customer deposit balances of $71.6 million and an $8.5 
million increase in short term borrowings, offset by a decrease in net proceeds from long-term borrowings of $13.4 million, a $10.0 
million subordinated loan redemption and an aggregate decrease in net cash of all other financing sources, including dividends paid to 
common and preferred shareholders, and the holder of the Warrant of $1.6 million. Additionally, $20.1 million was provided through 
operating activities generated principally by net income.  These cash flows were primarily invested in: $200.4 million in purchases of 
investment securities in 2021, and $9.6 million net increases in loans outstanding.  

Certificates of deposit due within one year of December 31, 2021 totaled $185.9 million, representing 57.9% of certificates of deposit 
at December 31, 2021, a decrease from 84.3% at December 31, 2020.  We believe the large percentage of certificates of deposit that 
mature within one year reflect customers’ hesitancy to invest their funds for long periods in the current low interest rate environment.  
If these maturing deposits do not remain with us, we will be required to seek other sources of funds, including other certificates of 
deposit  and  borrowings.    Depending  on  market  conditions,  we  may  be  required  to  pay  higher  rates  on  such  deposits  or  other 
borrowings than we currently pay on the certificates of deposit due on or before December 31, 2021.

The Company is a separate legal entity from the Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to its operating expenses, the 
Company is responsible for paying any dividends declared to its shareholders and making payments on its subordinated loans. The 
Company may repurchase shares of its common stock. The Company’s primary sources of funds are the proceeds it retained from the 
Private  Placement,  the  issuance  of  the  2020  Subordinated  Loan,  interest  and  dividends  on  securities  and,  potentially,  dividends 
received from the Bank. The amount of dividends that the Bank may declare and pay to the Company in any calendar year, without 
prior regulatory approval, cannot exceed net income for that year to date plus retained net income (as defined) for the preceding two 
calendar years. The Company believes that this restriction will not have an impact on the Company's ability to meet its ongoing cash 
obligations.  At  December  31,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  had  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  $37.1  million  and  $43.5  million, 
respectively.

The Bank has a number of existing credit facilities available to it.  At December 31, 2021, total credit available under the existing lines 
of credit was approximately $147.6 million at FHLBNY, the FRB, and two other correspondent banks.  At December 31, 2021, the 
Company  had  $77.1  million  of  the  available  lines  of  credit  utilized,  including  encumbrances  supporting  the  outstanding  letters  of 
credit, described above, on its existing lines of credit with the remainder of $70.5 million available.  

The  Asset  Liability  Management  Committee  of  the  Company  is  responsible  for  implementing  the  policies  and  guidelines  for  the 
maintenance of prudent levels of liquidity.  As of December 31, 2021, management reported to the board of directors that the Bank 
was in compliance with its liquidity policy guidelines.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Bank is also a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing 
needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.  At December 
31, 2021, the Bank had $245.2 million in outstanding commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.  See Note 18 within 
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.

ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not required of a smaller reporting company.

- 63 -

ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements  
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Condition – December 31, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Income – Years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – Years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
65
67
69
70
71
72
73
75

- 64 -

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) 
(the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer), management conducted an evaluation (the “Evaluation”) of 
the  effectiveness  of  the  design  and  operation  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Rule 13a-15(e) and  15d-
15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2021.  The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” under the Exchange Act, 
means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company 
in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods 
specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures 
designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange 
Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as 
appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management  recognizes  that  any  controls  and  procedures,  no  matter  how  well  designed  and  operated,  can  provide  only  reasonable 
assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of 
possible controls and procedures.

In connection with the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2021, our CEO and CFO concluded that the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021 at a reasonable assurance level. 

Overview of Internal Control

Internal control processes and procedures help entities achieve important objectives and sustain and improve performance. The COSO 
Framework  (as defined  below)  enables organizations  to  effectively and  efficiently develop  systems of  internal  control  that adapt  to 
changing business and operating environments, mitigate risks at acceptable levels and support sound decision making and governance 
of organizations. The COSO Framework defines internal control as “a process, effected by an entity’s board of directors, management, 
and  other  personnel,  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  achievement  of  objectives  relating  to  operations, 
reporting  and  compliance.”  The  COSO  Framework  provides  three  categories  of  objectives,  which  allow  organizations  to  focus  on 
differing aspects of internal control: (a) Operations Objectives, (b) Reporting Objectives and (c) Compliance Objectives. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined 
in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the  Exchange  Act.  Our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  to  provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with GAAP.

Management  evaluates  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  tests  for  reliability  of  recorded  financial 
information through a program of ongoing internal audits. Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent 
limitations, including the possibility that a control can  be circumvented  or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may 
occur and not be detected.  Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, 
even  an  effective  system  of  internal  control  will  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial  statement 
preparation.  Under applicable SEC accounting related rules, a material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in 
internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a company’s annual 
or interim financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Management conducted the Evaluation based on the 2013 framework established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO Framework).

As a result of the Evaluation as of December 31, 2021, management has determined that there were no material weaknesses in the 
Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding 
internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered 
public  accounting  firm  pursuant  to  rules  of  the  SEC  that  permit  the  Company  to  provide  only  management’s  report  in  this  annual 
report.

- 65 -

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than the changes described above under “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting,” there were no 
changes made in our internal controls during the year ended December 31, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to 
materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Thomas W. Schneider
Thomas W. Schneider
President and Chief Executive Officer

Oswego, New York 
March 25, 2022

/s/ Walter F. Rusnak
Walter F. Rusnak
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

- 66 -

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Oswego, New York:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  condition  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  and  subsidiaries  (the 
“Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2021  and 2020,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income, 
changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the 
related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  consolidated  financial  statements).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and 
the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended  December  31,  2021,  in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to 
the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  The  Company  is  not  required  to  have,  nor  were  we  engaged  to  perform,  an  audit  of  its  internal 
control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial 
reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a 
test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included 
evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The  critical  audit  matters  communicated  below  are  matters  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  that  were  communicated  or  required  to  be  communicated  to  the  audit  committee  and  that:  (1)  relate  to  accounts  or 
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or 
complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our  opinion  on  the  consolidated 
financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical  audit  matters  below,  providing  separate 
opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Allowance for Loan Losses

As described in Notes 1 and 6 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s allowance for loan losses is management’s 
estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the date of the statement of condition and it is recorded as a reduction to 
loans.  The allowance for loan losses was $12.9 million at December 31, 2021, which consists of three components (i) specific 
reserves based on probable losses on specific loans (“specific reserves”), and (ii) a general allowance based on historical loan loss 
experience, general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company (“general 
reserves”).  The specific reserve component relates to loans that are classified as impaired and is established when the collateral 
value or discounted cash flows of the impaired loan are lower than the carrying value of the loan.  The general reserve component 
of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  covers  pools  of  loans,  by  loan  class,  and  is  based  on  a  variety  of  risk  considerations,  both 
quantitative and qualitative.  Quantitative factors include the Company’s historical loss experience, delinquency and charge-off 
trends, known information about individual loans and other factors. 

Qualitative  factors  include  various  considerations  regarding  the  general  economic  environment  in  the  Company’s  market  area. 
The  qualitative  adjustment  for  the  general  reserve  includes  management’s  consideration  of  changes  in  national  and  local 
economic trends, the rate of growth in the portfolio, trends of delinquencies and nonaccrual balances, changes in loan policy, and 
changes in lending management experience and related staffing. 

The  qualitative  adjustment  contributes  significantly  to  the  general  reserve  component  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses. 
Management’s identification and analysis of these considerations and related adjustments requires significant judgment and could 

- 67 -

have a significant effect on the allowance for loan losses. We identified the estimate of the qualitative adjustments of the general 
reserve for the allowance for loan losses as a critical audit matter as they represent a significant portion of the total general reserve 
and  because  management’s  estimate  relies  on  a  qualitative  analysis  to  determine  a  quantitative  adjustment  which  required 
especially subjective auditor judgment.

The  primary  procedures  we  performed  to  address  this  critical  audit  matter  included  performing  substantive  testing,  including 
evaluating management’s judgments and assumptions for developing the general reserve qualitative adjustments for the allowance 
for loan losses, which consisted of the following:

• Assessing  management’s  methodology  and  considering  whether  relevant  risks  were  reflected  in  the  modeled 

•

•

provision and whether adjustments to modeled calculations were appropriate
Evaluating the completeness and accuracy of data inputs used as a basis for the adjustments relating to qualitative 
general reserve factors and considering whether the sources of data and factors that management used in forming the 
assumptions are relevant, reliable, and sufficient for the purpose based on the information gathered.
Evaluating the reasonableness of management’s judgments related to the qualitative and quantitative assessment of 
the data used in the determination of the general reserve qualitative adjustments for consistency with each other, the 
supporting data, relevant historical data, and industry data.

• Assessing whether historical data is comparable and consistent with data of the current year and considering whether 
the  data  is  sufficiently  reliable.  Among  other  procedures,  our  evaluation  considered  evidence  from  internal  and 
external  sources,  loan  portfolio  performance  and  whether  such  assumptions  were  applied  consistently  period  to 
period.

• Analytically  evaluating  the  qualitative  adjustment  in  the  current  year  compared  to  prior  years  for  directional 

•

•

consistency and reasonableness.
Evaluated whether management’s judgments and assumptions adequately contemplated the impact of COVID-19 on 
management’s quantitative and qualitative assessment
Testing  the  calculations  used  by  management  to  translate  the  assumptions  and  key  factors  into  the  allowance 
estimated amount.

Loans

As described in Notes 1 and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company grants loans to customers with the intent and 
ability  to  hold  for  the  foreseeable  future  or  until  maturity  or  pay-off.      The  Company’s  primary  lending  portfolio  consists  of 
originating  commercial  real  estate,  commercial  loans,  and  one-to-four  family  residential  real-estate  loans,  but  also  consists  of 
municipal loans, home equity loans, and consumer loans.  The balance of loans, net of the allowance for loan losses and deferred 
origination  costs,  was  $819.5  million  at  December  31,  2021.    The  Company  recognizes  revenue  from  loans  through  interest 
income, which is determined based on the underlying interest rate on the loans.  The Company offers both fixed and adjustable-
rate  loans  based  on  the  type  of  loan  and  borrower  specific  risk  characteristics.    During  2021,  the  Company  recognized  $37.0 
million in interest income associated with loans.

Auditing loans resulted in complexities due to the material weaknesses that existed for a portion of the year in the Company’s 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  This  material  weakness  related  to  the  insufficient  documentation  supporting  loan 
transactions occurring during the year.  We obtained an understanding of management’s processes and evaluated the design and 
operating  effectiveness  of  certain  controls  over  the  Company’s  accounting  for  loans.    We  tested  controls  over  management’s 
review of new and existing loans, as well as controls over the presentation of loans in the consolidated financial statements.

To test the presentation of loans and recognition of interest income during the year, we performed audit procedures that included, 
among others, third-party confirmations, independent loan reviews, testing the clerical accuracy of interest income recorded on 
individual loans, and testing the completeness and accuracy of all loan and related party disclosures.  We expanded our sample 
sizes selected for substantive testing and modified our testing approach for certain procedures to encompass a highly statistical 
method  of  sampling  in  order  to  provide  greater  assurance  over  the  fair  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statement 
amounts.    We  performed  additional  testing  over  the  completeness  and  accuracy  of  loan  data,  and  evaluated  whether 
management’s accounting, presentation, and disclosure of loans in the consolidated financial statements followed US Generally 
Accepted Accounting Principles.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2011.

/s/ BONADIO & CO., LLP

Bonadio & Co., LLP
Pittsford, New York
March 25, 2022

- 68 -

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Condition

(In thousands, except share and per share data)
ASSETS:

  December 31, 
2021 

  December 31, 
2020 

Cash and due from banks (including restricted balances of $1,600  and $1,600 respectively)
Interest-earning deposits (including restricted balances of $0 and $0, respectively)

  $

Total cash and cash equivalents

Available-for-sale securities, at fair value
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost (fair value of $162,805 and $174,935, respectively)
Marketable equity securities, at fair value
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
Loans
Loans held-for-sale
Less: Allowance for loan losses

Loans receivable, net

Premises and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Accrued interest receivable
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Bank owned life insurance
Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:

Deposits:

Interest-bearing
Noninterest-bearing
Total deposits
Short-term borrowings
Long-term borrowings
Subordinated loans
Accrued interest payable
Operating lease liabilities
Other liabilities

Total liabilities
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; no liquidation preference; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 0 and 
1,380,283 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
Voting common stock, par value $0.01; 25,000,000 authorized shares; 4,603,184 and 4,531,383 shares issued 
and outstanding, respectively
Non-Voting common stock, par value $0.01; 1,505,283 authorized shares; 1,380,283 and 0 shares issued and 
outstanding, respectively
Additional paid in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Unearned ESOP

Total Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. shareholders' equity

Noncontrolling interest

Total equity
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

- 69 -

  $

  $

  $

13,856    $
23,293   
37,149   
190,598   
160,923   
677   
4,189   
831,946   
513   
12,935   
819,524   
21,659   
2,136   
4,520   
117   
4,536   
23,423   
15,726   
1,285,177    $

14,906 
28,558 
43,464 
128,261 
171,224 
1,850 
4,390 
823,969 
1,526 
12,777 
812,718 
22,264 
2,240 
4,549 
133 
4,536 
17,864 
13,950 
1,227,443 

863,488    $
191,858   
1,055,346   
12,500   
64,598   
29,563   
106   
2,440   
9,991   
1,174,544   

833,850 
162,057 
995,907 
4,020 
78,030 
39,400 
193 
2,525 
9,646 
1,129,721 

-   

46   

14 

45 

14   
51,044   
60,946   
(1,268)  
(495)  
110,287   
346   
110,633   
1,285,177    $

- 
50,024 
50,284 
(2,236)
(675)
97,456 
266 
97,722 
1,227,443  

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income

(In thousands, except per share data)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans, including fees
Debt securities:
Taxable
Tax-exempt

Dividends
Federal funds sold and interest earning deposits

Total interest and dividend income

Interest expense:
Interest on deposits
Interest on short-term borrowings
Interest on long-term borrowings
Interest on subordinated loans
Total interest expense
Net interest income

Provision for loan losses

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts
Earnings and gain on bank owned life insurance
Loan servicing fees
Net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities
Gains (losses) on marketable equity securities
Net gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate
Net gains on sales of premises and equipment
Debit card interchange fees
Insurance agency revenue
Other charges, commissions & fees
Total noninterest income

Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits
Building and occupancy
Data processing
Professional and other services
Advertising
FDIC assessments
Audits and exams
Insurance agency expense
Community service activities
Foreclosed real estate expenses
Other expenses

Total noninterest expenses

Income before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest and
   Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

Voting Earnings per common share - basic

Voting Earnings per common share - diluted

Series A Non-Voting Earnings per common share - basic

Series A Non-Voting Earnings per common share - diluted

Dividends per common share (Voting and Series A Non-Voting)

For the years ended

December 31, 2021 

December 31, 2020 

  $

37,026 

 $

8,312 
171 
309 
9 
45,827 

4,714 
10 
1,018 
1,790 
7,532 
38,295 
1,022 
37,273 

1,464 
559 
246 
37 
382 
313 
201 
923 
1,048 
1,058 
6,231 

14,384 
3,121 
2,555 
1,627 
1,198 
874 
725 
825 
220 
46 
1,920 
27,495 
16,009 
3,499 

12,510 
103 
12,407 

2.07 

2.07 

2.07 

2.07 

0.28 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

35,421 

6,524 
159 
324 
79 
42,507 

8,112 
148 
1,503 
1,101 
10,864 
31,643 
4,707 
26,936 

1,395 
460 
361 
1,076 
(629)
1,179 
- 
771 
955 
917 
6,485 

13,468 
3,013 
2,396 
1,210 
941 
699 
507 
743 
199 
50 
1,854 
25,080 
8,341 
1,295 

7,046 
96 
6,950 

1.17 

1.17 

- 

- 

0.24  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

- 70 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

For the years ended

(In thousands)
Net Income

Other Comprehensive Income
Retirement Plans:

Retirement plan net losses recognized in plan expenses
Plan gains not recognized in plan expenses

Net unrealized gain on retirement plans

Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale securities

Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period
Reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income

Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities

Derivatives and hedging activities:

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period

Net unrealized losses on derivatives and hedging activities

Accretion of net unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity(1)

Other comprehensive income, before tax
Tax effect
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income, attributable to noncontrolling interest
Comprehensive income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

Tax Effect Allocated to Each Component of Other Comprehensive Income
Retirement plan net losses recognized in plan expenses
Plan gains not recognized in plan expenses
Unrealized holding losses (gains) arising during the period
Reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income
Unrealized losses on derivatives and hedging arising during
   the period
Accretion of net unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity(1)
Income tax effect related to other comprehensive income

  December 31, 2021 
  $

12,510    $

  December 31, 2020 
7,046 

105   
818   
923   

(535)  
(19)  
(554)  

921   
921   

21   

1,311   
(343)  
968   
13,478    $
103    $
13,375    $

(27)   $
(215)  
140   
5   

(241)  
(5)  
(343)   $

234 
610 
844 

2,352 
(926)
1,426 

(1,308)
(1,308)

33 

995 
(260)
735 
7,781 
96 
7,685 

(61)
(159)
(615)
242 

342 
(9)
(260)

  $
  $
  $

  $

  $

(1) The accretion of the unrealized holding losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss at the date of transfer at September 30, 
2013 partially offsets the amortization of the difference between the par value and the fair value of the investment securities at the 
date of transfer, and is an adjustment of yield.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

- 71 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 
Years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 

Non-
Voting 
Common 
Stock  
-  $

Stock   
45   $

Additional
Paid in
Retained
Capital  
Earnings   
50,024  $ 50,284   $
     12,407    

14   

-   

Preferred

Common

Stock   
14   $

$

(14)  

Accumulated
Other Com-
prehensive

Unearned

Non-
controlling

Loss   
(2,236) $

ESOP   
(675) $

Interest   

Total 
266   $ 97,722 
103     12,510 

-    

-    

968    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-    
180    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

- 

968 
376 
- 
241 
551 

-    

(1,258)

-    

-    

-    

(290)

(97)

(35)

-    
-    
(1,268) $

-    
-    
(495) $

- 
32    
(55)  
(55)
346   $110,633 

-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-   
196   
-   
241   
550   

-   

(1,258)  

(290)  

(97)  

(35)  

(65)  

-   

-   

-   

33   
-   

51,044  $ 60,946   $

49,362  $ 44,839   $
6,950    

-   

(2,971) $
-    

(855) $
-    

235   $ 90,669 
7,046 
96    

-   

-    

735    

-    

-    

735 

-   
90   
-   
300   
223   

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-   

(1,102)  

-   

(291)  

-   
7   

(30)  
-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    
-    

-    
180    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    
-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

- 
270 
- 
300 
223 

-    

(1,102)

-    

(291)

-    
(7)  

(30)
- 

-   
-   
-   
-   
-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   
-   
14  $

-  $
-   

-   

-   
-   
-   
-   
-   

-   

-   

-   
-   

-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
1    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    
-    
46   $

47   $
-    

-    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    

-    

-    
-    
-   $

12   $
-    

-    

-    

2    
-    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    
-    

(2)  
-    
-    
-    
-    

-    

-    

-    
-    

-    
-    
14   $

-    
-    
45   $

-   
-   
-  $

42   
-   

(82)  
-    
50,024  $ 50,284   $

-    
-    
(2,236) $

-    
-    
(675) $

- 
40    
(98)  
(98)
266   $ 97,722  

 (In thousands, except share and per share 
data)
Balance, January 1, 2021

Net income
Conversion of Preferred stock to Non-
Voting common stock
Other comprehensive income, net of 
tax
ESOP shares earned (24,442 shares)
Restricted stock units (19,369 shares)
Stock based compensation
Stock options exercised
Common stock dividends declared  
($0.28 per share)
Non-Voting common stock dividends 
declared  ($0.21 per share)
Preferred stock dividends declared 
($0.07 per share)
Warrant dividends declared ($0.28 per 
share)
Cumulative effect of affiliate capital 
allocation
Distributions from affiliates

Balance, December 31, 2021

Balance, January 1, 2020

$

$

Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of 
tax
Exchange of common shares to 
preferred shares,
   at par value (1)
ESOP shares earned (24,442 shares)
Restricted stock units (13,437 shares)
Stock based compensation
Stock options exercised
Common stock dividends declared
   ($0.24 per share)
Preferred stock dividends declared
   ($0.24 per share)
Warrant dividends declared
   ($0.24 per share)
Capital transfer from affiliates
Cumulative effect of affiliate capital 
allocation
Distributions from affiliates

Balance, December 31, 2020

$

(1) On  November  13,  2020,  the  Company  issued  to  Castle  Creek  225,000  shares  of  its  Series  B  Preferred  Shares  in  exchange  for  an  equivalent 
number of shares of Company Common Stock held by Castle Creek. Castle Creek was the only stockholder of the Series B Preferred Shares. 
The Company received no cash proceeds as a result of the exchange.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

- 72 -

 
 
  
     
     
    
     
     
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
    
     
     
     
     
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31,

(In thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:

2021 

  $

12,407 

  $

Provision for loan losses
Deferred income expense (benefit) tax
Amortization of operating leases
Proceeds from sales of loans
Originations of loans held-for-sale
Realized losses (gains) on sales, redemptions and calls of:

Real estate acquired through foreclosure
Loans
Available-for-sale investment securities
Held-to-maturity investment securities
Premises and equipment
Marketable equity securities

Depreciation
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights
Amortization of deferred loan costs
Amortization of deferred financing from subordinated debt
Earnings and gain on bank owned life insurance
Net amortization of premiums and discounts on investment securities
Amortization of intangible assets
Stock based compensation and ESOP expense
Net change in accrued interest receivable
Payment of executive deferred compensation and SERP contracts, expensed in prior 
periods
Net change in other assets and liabilities

Net cash flows from operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of investment securities available-for-sale
Purchase of investment securities held-to-maturity
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Proceeds from maturities and principal reductions of investment securities
   available-for-sale
Proceeds from maturities and principal reductions of investment securities
   held-to-maturity
Proceeds from sales, redemptions and calls of:
Available-for-sale investment securities
Held-to-maturity investment securities
Real estate acquired through foreclosure
Marketable equity securities

Purchase of bank owned life insurance
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment
Net change in loans
Purchase of premises and equipment

Net cash flows from investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net change in demand deposits, NOW accounts, savings accounts, money
   management deposit accounts, MMDA accounts and escrow deposits
Net change in time deposits
Net change in brokered deposits
Net change in short-term borrowings

- 73 -

1,022 
481 
19 
9,224 
(7,898)    

- 
(313)    
(19)    
(18)    
(201)    
(382)    
1,787 

(5)    

1,820 
163 
(559)    
2,418 
16 
617 
29 

(571)    
117 
20,154 

(156,548)    
(43,914)    
(6,665)    
6,866 

52,202 

50,155 

38,243 
3,784 
- 
1,555 
(5,000)    
231 
(9,648)    
(1,212)    
(69,951)

95,431 
(23,824)    
(12,168)    
8,480 

2020 

6,950 

4,707 
(1,305)
20 
50,914 
(15,321)

14 
(1,193)
(1,042)
(34)
- 
629 
1,696 
(354)
786 
55 
(460)
2,104 
16 
570 
(837)

- 
(1,354)
46,561 

(143,132)
(97,135)
(3,463)
3,907 

98,718 

44,918 

25,795 
3,461 
132 
- 
- 
- 
(81,163)
(1,261)
(149,223)

138,651 
(58,061)
33,424 
(21,118)

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
Payments on long-term borrowings
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from subordinated loan
Payments on subordinated loan
Issuance costs of subordinated loan
Cash dividends paid to common voting shareholders
Cash dividends paid to common non-voting shareholders
Cash dividends paid to preferred shareholders
Cash dividends paid on warrants
Change in noncontrolling interest, net

Net cash flows from financing activities

Change in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
CASH PAID DURING THE PERIOD FOR:

Interest
Income taxes

NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITY

Real estate acquired in exchange for loans

RESTRICTED CASH

Collateral deposits for hedge position included in cash and due from banks

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

(25,969)    
12,537 
551 
- 

(10,000)    

- 
(1,227)    
(194)    
(180)    
(35)    
80 
43,482 
(6,315)    
43,464 
37,149 

  $

  $

7,439 
2,460 

- 

1,600 

(30,193)
40,236 
223 
25,000 
- 
(783)
(1,137)
- 
(277)
(30)
31 
125,966 
23,304 
20,160 
43,464 

11,067 
2,650 

58 

1,600  

  $

  $

- 74 -

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly 
owned subsidiary, Pathfinder Bank (the “Bank”). The Company is a Maryland corporation headquartered in Oswego, New York.  On 
October 16, 2014, the Company completed its conversion from the mutual holding company structure and the related public offering 
and is now a stock holding company that is fully owned by the public.  As a result of the conversion, the mutual holding company and 
former mid-tier holding company were merged into Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.  The primary business of the Company is its investment 
in Pathfinder Bank (the "Bank") which is 100% owned by the Company.  The Bank has two wholly owned operating subsidiaries, 
Pathfinder  Risk  Management  Company,  Inc.  (“PRMC”)  and  Whispering  Oaks  Development  Corp.  All  significant  inter-company 
accounts and activity have been eliminated in consolidation.  Although the Company owns, through its subsidiary PRMC, 51% of the 
membership  interest  in  FitzGibbons  Agency,  LLC  (“FitzGibbons”),  the  Company  is  required  to  consolidate  100%  of  FitzGibbons 
within  the  consolidated  financial  statements.    The  49%  of  which  the  Company  does  not  own  is  accounted  for  separately  as 
noncontrolling interests within the consolidated financial statements.  The Company received $24.9 million in net proceeds from the 
sale  of  approximately  2.6  million  shares  of  common  stock  as  a  result  of  the  Conversion  in  October  2014.  In  October  2015,  the 
Company  executed  the  issuance  of  a  $10.0  million  non-amortizing  Subordinated  Loan  and  subsequently  used  those  proceeds  in 
February  2016  to  substantially  fund  the  full  retirement  of  $13.0  million  in  SBLF  Preferred  stock.    The  Company  received  $19.6 
million  in  net  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  37,700  shares  of  common  stock  and  1,155,283  shares  of  preferred  stock  as  a  result  of  the 
Private  Placement  in  May  2019.    In  October  2020,  the  Company  executed  a  private  placement  of  a  $25.0  million  non-amortizing 
Subordinated  Loan  and  intends  to  use  the  proceeds  for  general  corporate  purposes,  including  ongoing  growth,  to  repay  existing 
subordinated debt, and for potential future strategic opportunities.  On April 1, 2021, the Company redeemed its $10.0 million non-
amortizing subordinated loan.

The Company has seven branch offices located in Oswego County, three branch offices in Onondaga County and one limited purpose 
office  in  Oneida  County.    The  Company  is  primarily  engaged  in  the  business  of  attracting  deposits  from  the  general  public  in  the 
Company’s market area, and investing such deposits, together with other sources of funds, in loans secured by commercial real estate, 
business assets, one-to-four family residential real estate and investment securities.

Discussion of COVID-19 Pandemic

A discussion of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations of the Company is contained herein in Note 29.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
of  America  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues 
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Management has identified the allowance 
for loan losses, deferred income taxes, pension obligations, the annual evaluation of the Company’s goodwill for possible impairment 
and the evaluation of investment securities for other than temporary impairment and the estimation of fair values for accounting and 
disclosure purposes to be the accounting areas that require the most subjective and complex judgments, and as such, could be the most 
subject to revision as new information becomes available.

The Company is subject to the regulations of various governmental agencies.  The Company also undergoes periodic examinations by 
the regulatory agencies which may subject it to further changes with respect to asset valuations, amounts of required loss allowances, 
and  operating  restrictions  resulting  from  the  regulators'  judgments  based  on  information  available  to  them  at  the  time  of  their 
examinations.

Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk

Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located primarily in Oswego and Onondaga counties of New York State.  A large 
portion of the Company’s portfolio is centered in residential and commercial real estate.  The Company closely monitors real estate 
collateral values and requires additional reviews of commercial real estate appraisals by a qualified third party for commercial real 
estate loans in excess of $400,000.  All residential loan appraisals are reviewed by an individual or third party who is independent of 
the  loan  origination  or  approval  process  and  was  not  involved  in  the  approval  of  appraisers  or  selection  of  the  appraiser  for  the 
transaction, and has no direct or indirect interest, financial or otherwise in the property or the transaction.  Note 4 discusses the types 
of securities that the Company invests in.  Note 5 discusses the types of lending that the Company engages in.  

- 75 -

Advertising

The  Company  generally  follows  the  policy  of  charging  the  costs  of  advertising  to  expense  as  incurred.  Expenditures  for  new 
marketing  and  advertising  material  designs  and/or  media  content,  related  to  specifically-identifiable  marketing  campaigns  are 
capitalized and expensed over the estimated life of the campaign.  Such periods of time are generally 12-24 months in duration and do 
not exceed 36 months. 

Noncontrolling Interest

Noncontrolling  interest  represents  the  portion  of  ownership  and  profit  or  loss  that  is  attributable  to  the  minority  owners  of 
FitzGibbons.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks and interest-bearing deposits (with original maturity of three 
months or less). 

Investment Securities

The  Company  classifies  investment  securities  as  either  available-for-sale  or  held-to-maturity.    The  Company  does  not  hold  any 
securities  considered  to  be  trading.    Available-for-sale  securities  are  reported  at  fair  value,  with  net  unrealized  gains  and  losses 
reflected  as  a  separate  component  of  shareholders’  equity,  net  of  the  applicable  income  tax  effect.    Held-to-maturity  securities  are 
those that the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity and are reported at amortized cost.  

Gains  or  losses  on  investment  security  transactions  are  based  on  the  amortized  cost  of  the  specific  securities  sold.    Premiums  and 
discounts on securities are amortized and accreted into income using the interest method over the period to maturity.

The  Company  records  its  investment  in  marketable  equity  securities  (“MES”)  at  fair  value.    Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  MES  are 
recorded  as  additions  to,  or  subtractions  from,  net  income  in  the  period  that  the  change  occurs.    These  changes  in  fair  value  are 
separately disclosed as gains (losses) on equity securities on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements includes additional information about the Company’s accounting policies with respect 
to the impairment of investment securities.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Federal  law  requires  a  member  institution  of  the  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank  (“FHLB”)  system  to  hold  stock  of  its  district  FHLB 
according to a predetermined formula.  The stock is carried at cost.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets, including sales of loans and loan participations, are accounted for as sales when control over the assets 
has been surrendered.  Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the 
Company,  (2)  the  transferee  obtains  the  right  (free  of  conditions  that  constrain  it  from  taking  advantage  of  that  right)  to  pledge  or 
exchange  the  transferred  assets,  and  (3)  the  Company  does  not  maintain  effective  control  over  the  transferred  assets  through  an 
agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Loans

The Company grants mortgage, commercial, municipal, and consumer loans to customers.  Loans that management has the intent and 
ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, less the 
allowance  for  loan  losses  plus  net  deferred  loan  origination  costs.  The  ability  of  the  Company’s  debtors  to  honor  their  contracts  is 
dependent  upon  the  real  estate  and  general  economic  conditions  in  the  market  area.    Interest  income  is  generally  recognized  when 
income is earned using the interest method. Nonrefundable loan fees received and related direct origination costs incurred are deferred 
and amortized over the life of the loan using the interest method, resulting in a constant effective yield over the loan term. Deferred 
fees are recognized into income and deferred costs are charged to income immediately upon prepayment of the related loan.

The  loans  receivable  portfolio  is  segmented  into  residential  mortgage,  commercial  and  consumer  loans.    The  residential  mortgage 
segment  consists  of  one-to-four  family  first-lien  residential  mortgages  and  construction  loans.    Commercial  loans  consist  of  the 
following classes: real estate, lines of credit, other commercial and industrial, and tax-exempt loans.  Consumer loans include both 
home equity lines of credit and loans with junior liens and other consumer loans.

- 76 -

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the date of the statement 
of condition and it is recorded as a reduction of loans.  The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by 
charge-offs, net of recoveries.  Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent 
recoveries,  if  any,  are  credited  to  the  allowance.    All,  or  part,  of  the  principal  balance  of  loans  receivable  are  charged  off  to  the 
allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely.  Non-residential 
consumer loans are generally charged off no later than 120 days past due on a contractual basis, unless productive collection efforts 
are providing results.  Consumer loans may be charged off earlier in the event of bankruptcy, or if there is an amount that is deemed 
uncollectible.    No  portion  of  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  is  restricted  to  any  individual  loan  product  and  the  entire  allowance  is 
available to absorb any and all loan losses.

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated.  
Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance.  The allowance is based on three major components 
which  are;  specific  components  for  larger  loans,  recent  historical  losses  and  several  qualitative  factors  applied  to  a  general  pool  of 
loans, and an unallocated component. 

The first component is the specific component that relates to loans that are classified as impaired.  For these loans, an allowance is 
established when the discounted cash flows or collateral value of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.  

The second or general component covers pools of loans, by loan class, not considered impaired, smaller balance homogeneous loans, 
such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans.  These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure first based 
on historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans. The ratio of net charge-offs to loans outstanding within each product class, 
over the most recent eight quarters, lagged by one quarter, is used to generate the historical loss rates.  In addition, qualitative factors 
are added to the historical loss rates in arriving at the total allowance for loan loss need for this general pool of loans.  The qualitative 
factors  include  changes  in  national  and  local  economic  trends,  the  rate  of  growth  in  the  portfolio,  trends  of  delinquencies  and 
nonaccrual  balances,  changes  in  loan  policy,  and  changes  in  lending  management  experience  and  related  staffing.    Each  factor  is 
assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information 
available  at  the  time  of  the  evaluation.    These  qualitative  factors,  applied  to  each  product  class,  make  the  evaluation  inherently 
subjective,  as  it  requires  material  estimates  that  may  be  susceptible  to  significant  revision  as  more  information  becomes  available.  
Adjustments to the factors are supported through documentation of changes in conditions in a narrative accompanying the allowance 
for loan loss analysis and calculation.  As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s management extensively reviewed a 
broad array of econometric projections and the potential effect of changes in those projections on anticipated loan performance.  As a 
result, certain qualitative factors were modified in order to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses during the year and 
at December 31, 2021 and 2020.  

The third or unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses.  
The  unallocated  component  of  the  allowance  reflects  the  margin  of  imprecision  inherent  in  the  underlying  assumptions  used  in  the 
methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio and generally comprises less than 10% of the total allowance 
for loan loss.

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect 
the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered 
by  management  in  determining  impairment  include  payment  status,  collateral  value  and  the  probability  of  collecting  scheduled 
principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are 
not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and shortfalls on a case-by case basis, taking 
into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length and reason for the delay, the 
borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of shortfall in relation to what is owed.  Impairment is measured by either the present 
value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the underlying collateral, if 
the loan is collateral dependent.  The majority of the Company’s loans utilize the fair value of the underlying collateral.  

The  CARES  Act,  signed  into  law  on  March  27,  2020,  provided  financial  assistance  in  various  forms  to  both  businesses  and 
consumers.  One  of  the  technical  provisions  of  the  CARES  Act  was  to  allow  financial  institutions  not  to  characterize  loan 
modifications  specifically  related  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic  as  TDRs  although  financial  institutions  must  make  impairment 
determinations  for  accounting  purposes  if  certain  impairment  triggers  are  met.  Notwithstanding  the  Bank’s  policies  with  respect  to 
impaired and potentially impaired loans, as discussed above, certain loans on deferred payment status were not classified as TDRs at 
December 31, 2021, as a result of the application of the provisions of the CARES Act.   

An allowance for loan loss is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value.  The estimated fair 
values of substantially all of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral.  
For  loans  secured  by  real  estate,  estimated  fair  values  are  determined  primarily  through  third-party  appraisals,  less  costs  to  sell.  

- 77 -

Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair 
value.  The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.

For  commercial  and  industrial  loans  secured  by  non-real  estate  collateral,  such  as  accounts  receivable,  inventory  and  equipment, 
estimated  fair  values  are  determined  based  on  the  borrower’s  financial  statements,  inventory  reports,  accounts  receivable  agings  or 
equipment appraisals or invoices.  Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial 
information or the quality of the assets.

Large  groups  of  homogeneous  loans  are  collectively  evaluated  for  impairment.    Accordingly,  the  Company  does  not  separately 
identify individual residential mortgage loans less than $300,000, home equity and other consumer loans for impairment disclosures, 
unless  such  loans  are  related  to  borrowers  with  impaired  commercial  loans  or  they  are  subject  to  a  troubled  debt  restructuring 
agreement.    Loans  that  are  related  to  borrowers  with  impaired  commercial  loans  or  are  subject  to  a  troubled  debt  restructuring 
agreement are evaluated individually for impairment.

Commercial  loans  whose  terms  are  modified  are  classified  as  troubled  debt  restructurings  if  the  Company  grants  such  borrowers 
concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty.  Concessions granted under a troubled debt 
restructuring  generally  include  but  are  not  limited  to  a  temporary  reduction  in  the  interest  rate  or  an  extension  of  a  loan’s  stated 
maturity date.  Commercial loans classified as troubled debt restructurings are designated as impaired and evaluated individually as 
discussed above.

The allowance calculation methodology includes further segregation of loan classes into risk rating categories.  The borrower’s overall 
financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors and value of the collateral, if appropriate, are evaluated not less than annually for 
commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise on all loans.  Credit quality risk ratings include regulatory classifications of special 
mention, substandard, doubtful and loss.  See Note 5 for a description of these regulatory classifications.

In addition, Federal and State regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s 
allowance  for  loan  losses  and  may  require  the  Company  to  recognize  additions  to  the  allowance  based  on  their  judgments  about 
information  available  to  them  at  the  time  of  their  examination,  which  may  not  be  currently  available  to  management.    Based  on 
management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan portfolio, management believes the current level of the allowance for loan losses is 
adequate.

Income Recognition on Impaired and Nonaccrual Loans

With the exception of certain loans in deferral at December 31, 2020 as a result of COVID-19 pandemic-related factors, for all classes 
of loans receivable, the accrual of interest is discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days 
past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan may be currently 
performing.  A loan may remain on accrual status if it is either well secured or guaranteed and in the process of collection.  When a 
loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest is reversed and charged to interest income.  Interest received on nonaccrual loans, 
including  impaired  loans,  generally  is  either  applied  against  principal  or  reported  as  interest  income,  according  to  management’s 
judgment as to the collectability of principal.  Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, 
has  performed  in  accordance  with  the  contractual  terms  for  a  reasonable  period  of  time,  generally  six  months,  and  the  ultimate 
collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt.  Nonaccrual troubled debt restructurings are restored 
to  accrual  status  if  principal  and  interest  payments,  under  the  modified  terms,  are  current  for  six  consecutive  months  after 
modification.

For nonaccrual loans, when future collectability of the recorded loan balance is expected, interest income may be recognized on a cash 
basis.  In  the  case  where  a  nonaccrual  loan  had  been  partially  charged  off,  recognition  of  interest  on  a  cash  basis  is  limited  to  that 
which would have been recognized on the recorded loan balance at the contractual interest rate. Cash interest receipts in excess of that 
amount are recorded as recoveries to the allowance for loan losses until prior charge-offs have been fully recovered.

Off-Balance Sheet Credit Related Financial Instruments

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under standby 
letters of credit.  Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the 
estimated useful lives of the related assets, ranging up to 40 years for premises and 10 years for equipment. Maintenance and repairs 
are charged to operating expenses as incurred.  The asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts for assets 
sold or retired and any resulting gain or loss is included in the determination of income.  

- 78 -

Foreclosed Real Estate

Physical possession of  residential real estate property  collateralizing  a  residential  mortgage  loan  occurs when  legal  title  is obtained 
upon completion of foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a 
deed-in-lieu  of  foreclosure  or  through  a  similar  legal  agreement.    Properties  acquired  through  foreclosure,  or  by  deed-in-lieu  of 
foreclosure, are recorded at their fair value less estimated costs to sell.  Fair value is typically determined based on evaluations by third 
parties.  Costs incurred in connection with preparing the foreclosed real estate for disposition are capitalized to the extent that they 
enhance the overall fair value of the property. Any write-downs on the asset’s fair value less costs to sell at the date of acquisition are 
charged to the allowance for loan losses.  Subsequent write downs and expenses of foreclosed real estate are included as a valuation 
allowance and recorded in noninterest expense.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired.  Goodwill is not amortized, but is 
evaluated annually or when there is a triggering event for impairment.  Intangible assets, such as customer lists, are amortized over 
their useful lives, generally 15 years.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Originated mortgage servicing rights are recorded at their fair value at the time of transfer of the related loans and are amortized in 
proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income or loss.  The carrying value of the originated mortgage servicing 
rights is periodically evaluated for impairment or between annual evaluations under certain circumstances.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions are recognized based on the grant-date fair value of the stock-based 
compensation issued. Compensation costs are recognized over the period that an employee provides service in exchange for the award.  
Compensation  costs  related  to  the  Employee  Stock  Ownership  Plan  are  dependent  upon  the  average  stock  price  and  the  shares 
committed to be released to plan participants through the period in which income is reported.

Retirement Benefits

The  Company  has  a  non-contributory  defined  benefit  pension  plan  that  covered  substantially  all  employees.  On  May  14,  2012,  the 
Company informed its employees of its decision to freeze participation and benefit accruals under the plan, primarily to reduce some 
of the volatility in earnings that can accompany the maintenance of a defined benefit plan.  The plan was frozen on June 30, 2012.  
Compensation earned by employees up to June 30, 2012 is used for purposes of calculating benefits under the plan but there will be no 
future benefit accruals after this date.  Participants as of June 30, 2012 will continue to earn vesting credit with respect to their frozen 
accrued benefits as they continue to work. Pension expense under these plans is charged to current operations and consists of several 
components of net pension cost based on various actuarial assumptions regarding future experience under the plans.

Gains and losses, prior service costs and credits, and any remaining transition amounts that have not yet been recognized through net 
periodic  benefit  cost  are  recognized  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss,  net  of  tax  effects,  until  they  are  amortized  as  a 
component of net periodic cost.  Plan assets and obligations are measured as of the Company’s statement of condition date.  

The  Company  has  unfunded  deferred  compensation  and  supplemental  executive  retirement  plans  for  selected  current  and  former 
employees  and  officers  that  provide  benefits  that  cannot  be  paid  from  a  qualified  retirement  plan  due  to  Internal  Revenue  Code 
restrictions.  These  plans  are  nonqualified  under  the  Internal  Revenue  Code,  and  assets  used  to  fund  benefit  payments  are  not 
segregated from other assets of the Company, therefore, in general, a participant's or beneficiary's claim to benefits under these plans 
is as a general creditor.

The Bank sponsors an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) covering substantially all full time employees.  The cost of shares 
issued to the ESOP but not committed to be released to the participants is presented in the consolidated statement of condition as a 
reduction of shareholders’ equity.  ESOP shares are released to the participants on an annual basis in accordance with a predetermined 
schedule.    The  Company  records  ESOP  compensation  expense  based  on  the  shares  committed  to  be  released  and  allocated  to  the 
participant’s accounts multiplied by the average share price of the Company’s stock over the period.  Dividends related to unallocated 
shares are recorded as compensation expense.  

Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivatives are recorded on the statement of condition as assets and liabilities measured at their fair value. The accounting for changes 
in  the  fair  value  of  a  derivative  depends  on  whether  or  not  the  derivative  has  been  designated  and  qualifies  as  part  of  a  hedging 

- 79 -

relationship.    The  Company  acquires  derivatives  with  the  intent  of  designating  and  qualifying  those  instruments  as  part  of  hedging 
relationships to other balance sheet assets or liabilities.  The specific accounting treatment for increases and decreases in the value of 
derivatives further depends upon the use of the specific derivatives.  There are two primary types of interest rate derivatives that may 
be employed by the Company: 

•

•

Fair Value Hedge - As a result of interest rate fluctuations, fixed-rate assets and liabilities will appreciate or depreciate in fair 
value over the course of their economic lives prior to maturity. When effectively hedged, this appreciation or depreciation will 
generally be offset by fluctuations in the fair value of derivative instruments that are linked to the hedged assets and liabilities.  
This strategy is referred to as a fair value hedge. For a fair value hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument and 
changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  hedged  asset  or  liability  are  expected  to  substantially  offset  each  other  and  these  changes  are 
recognized currently in earnings.

Cash  Flow  Hedge  -  Cash  flows  related  to  floating  rate  assets  and  liabilities  will  fluctuate  with  changes  in  the  underlying  rate 
index.    When  effectively  hedged,  the  increases  or  decreases  in  cash  flows  related  to  the  floating-rate  asset  or  liability  will 
generally be offset by changes in cash flows of the derivative instruments designated as a hedge.  This strategy is referred to as a 
cash flow hedge.  For a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument, to the extent that it is effective, are 
recorded in other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified to earnings as the hedged transaction impacts net income.  
Any ineffective portion of a cash flow hedge is recognized currently in earnings. 

Income Taxes

Provisions for income taxes are based on taxes currently payable or refundable and deferred income taxes on temporary differences 
between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets 
and liabilities are reported in the consolidated financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in 
which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.

Earnings Per Share

Basic  net  income  per  share  was  calculated  using  the  two-class  method  by  dividing  net  income  (less  any  dividends  on  participating 
securities) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and participating securities outstanding for the period. Diluted 
earnings per share may include the additional effect of other securities, if dilutive, in which case the dilutive effect of such securities is 
calculated  by  applying  either  the  two-class  method  or  the  Treasury  Stock  method  to  the  assumed  exercise  or  vesting  of  potentially 
dilutive  common  shares.    The  method  yielding  the  more  dilutive  result  is  ultimately  reported  for  the  applicable  period.  Potentially 
dilutive common stock equivalents primarily consist of employee stock options and restricted stock units. Unallocated common shares 
held by the ESOP are not included in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings 
per common share until they are committed to be released to plan participants.  Note 3 provides more information related to earnings 
per share.

Segment Reporting

The Company has evaluated the activities relating to its strategic business units.  The controlling interest in the FitzGibbons Agency is 
dissimilar in nature and management when compared to the Company’s other strategic business units which are judged to be similar in 
nature  and  management.    The  Company  has  determined  that  the  FitzGibbons  Agency  is  below  the  reporting  threshold  in  size  in 
accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 280.  Accordingly, the Company has determined it has no reportable segments.

- 80 -

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accounting  principles  generally  require  that  recognized  revenue,  expenses,  gains  and  losses  be  included  in  net  income.   Although 
certain changes in assets and liabilities are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the statement of condition, such 
items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss represents the sum of these items, with the exception of net income, as of the balance sheet 
date and is represented in the table below.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss By Component:
Unrealized loss for pension and other postretirement obligations
Tax effect
Net unrealized loss for pension and other postretirement obligations
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities
Tax effect
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities
Unrealized holding losses on hedging activities arising during the period
Tax effect
Net unrealized loss on hedging activities
Unrealized loss on securities transferred to held-to-maturity
Tax effect
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities transferred to held-to-maturity
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Reclassifications

As of December 31,

2021 

(1,907)   $
495   
(1,412)  
579   
(151)  
428   
(388)  
102   
(286)  
(2)  
4   
2   
(1,268)   $

2020 
(2,832)
739 
(2,093)
1,133 
(296)
837 
(1,308)
342 
(966)
(22)
8 
(14)
(2,236)

  $

  $

Certain  amounts  in  the  2020  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  reclassified  to  conform  to  the  current  year  presentation.  
These reclassifications had no effect on net income as previously reported.

- 81 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 2:   New Accounting Pronouncements

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and, to a lesser extent, other authoritative rulemaking bodies promulgate GAAP to 
regulate  the  standards  of  accounting  in  the  United  States.    From  time  to  time,  the  FASB  issues  new  GAAP  standards,  known  as 
Accounting  Standards  Updates  (“ASUs”)  some  of  which,  upon  adoption,  may  have  the  potential  to  change  the  way  in  which  the 
Company recognizes or reports within its consolidated financial statements.  The following table provides a description of standards that 
were adopted in 2021 and standards not yet adopted as of December 31, 2021, but could have an impact on the Company's consolidated 
financial statements upon adoption. 

Standard

  Description

Investments (ASU 
2020-01- Equity 
Securities [Topic 
321], Investments—
Equity Method and 
Joint Ventures 
[Topic 323], and 
Derivatives and 
Hedging [Topic 
815]—Clarifying 
the Interactions 
between Topic 321, 
Topic 323, and 
Topic 815)

  The FASB issued the amendments in this ASU as part of its ongoing project 
on its agenda for improving the Codification and correcting its unintended 
application. The items addressed in that project generally are not expected to 
have a significant effect on current accounting practices. The amendments in 
this ASU are summarized below.

For Codification Improvements specific to ASU 2016-01, the following topics 
are covered within ASU 2019-04:
• Scope Clarifications
• Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities Fair Value Disclosures
• Applicability of Topic 820 to the Measurement Alternative
• Remeasurement of Equity Securities at Historical Exchange Rates

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  The adoption of this ASU had no 
material impact to the Company's 
consolidated statements of 
condition or income.

  Required Date
of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

this ASU were 
effective for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2020, for public 
business entities. 

The ASU also covers a number of issues that relate to hedge accounting 
(ASU-2017-12) including:
• Partial-Term Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
• Amortization of Fair Value Hedge Basis Adjustments
• Disclosure of Fair Value Hedge Basis Adjustments
• Consideration of the Hedged Contractually Specified Interest Rate under the     
Hypothetical Derivative Method
• Application of a First- Payments-Received Cash Flow Hedging Technique to 
Overall Cash Flows on a Group of Variable Interest Payments
• Transition Guidance

The amendments to Topic 326 and other Topics in this Update include items 
related to the amendments in Update 2016-13 discussed at the June 2018 and 
November 2018 Credit Losses Transition Resource Group (“TRG”) meetings. 
The amendments clarify or address stakeholders’ specific issues about certain 
aspects of the amendments in Update 2016-13 on a number of different topics, 
including the following:
• Accrued Interest
• Transfers between Classifications or Categories for Loans and Debt 
Securities
• Recoveries
• Consideration of Prepayments in Determining the Effective Interest Rate
• Consideration of Estimated Costs to Sell When Foreclosure Is Probable
• Vintage Disclosures— Line-of-Credit Arrangements Converted to Term 
Loans
• Contractual Extensions and Renewals

- 82 -

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                     
Standard

  Description

  Required Date

of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  The adoption of this ASU had no 

this ASU were 
effective for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2020, for public 
business entities.

material impact to the 
Company’s consolidated 
statements of condition or 
income.

Income Taxes (ASU 
2019-12- 
Simplifying the 
Accounting for 
Income Taxes)

  The FASB Board issued this Update as part of its initiative to reduce 
complexity in accounting standards (the Simplification Initiative).

The amendments in this Update simplify the accounting for income taxes by 
removing the following exceptions, among others not considered to be 
applicable to the Company:
1. Exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when 
there is a loss from continuing operations and income or a gain from other 
items (for example, discontinued operations or other comprehensive income)
2. Exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an 
interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the 
year.

The amendments in this Update also simplify the accounting for income taxes 
by doing the following:
1. Requiring that an entity recognize a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is 
partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any 
incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax.
2.  Requiring that an entity evaluate when a step up in the tax basis of 
goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which the 
book goodwill was originally recognized and when it should be considered a 
separate transaction.
3. Specifying that an entity is not required to allocate the consolidated amount 
of current and deferred tax expense to a legal entity that is not subject to tax in 
its separate financial statements. However, an entity may elect to do so (on an 
entity-by-entity basis) for a legal entity that is both not subject to tax and 
disregarded by the taxing authority.
4. Requiring that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws 
or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that 
includes the enactment date.
5. Making minor Codification improvements for income taxes related to 
employee stock ownership plans and investments in qualified affordable 
housing projects accounted for using the equity method.

Standard

  Description

Codification 
Improvements to 
Subtopic 310-20, 
Receivables—
Nonrefundable Fees 
and Other Costs 
(ASU 2020-08)

  The amendments affect the guidance in Accounting Standards Update No. 

2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-
20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The 
amendments in that Update shortened the amortization period for certain 
purchased callable debt securities held at a premium by requiring that entities 
amortize the premium associated with those callable debt securities within the 
scope of paragraph 310-20-25-33 to the earliest call date. The Board noted in 
paragraph BC21 of Update 2017-08 that if the security contained additional 
future call dates, an entity should consider whether the amortized cost basis 
exceeded the amount repayable by the issuer at the next call date. If so, the 
excess should be amortized to the next call date.  The amendments in this 
ASU represent changes to clarify the Codification. The amendments make the 
Codification easier to understand and easier to apply by eliminating 
inconsistencies and providing clarifications.

  Required Date

of 
Implementation
  For public business 

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  The adoption of this ASU had no 

material impact to the 
Company’s consolidated 
statements of condition or 
income.

entities, the 
amendments in this 
ASU were effective 
for fiscal years, and 
interim periods 
within those fiscal 
years, beginning 
after December 15, 
2020. 

- 83 -

 
 
Standard

  Description

  Required Date

Reference Rate 
Reform (ASU 2020-
04- Facilitation of 
the Effects of 
Reference Rate 
Reform on 
Financial 
Reporting)

  The amendments provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying 
generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to contracts, hedging 
relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. The 
amendments apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other 
transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be 
discontinued because of reference rate reform. The amendments (1) apply to 
contract modifications that replace a reference rate affected by reference rate 
reform, (2) provide exceptions to existing guidance related to changes to the 
critical terms of a hedging relationship due to reference rate reform (3) 
provide optional expedients for fair value hedging relationships, cash flow 
hedging relationships, and net investment hedging relationships, and (4) 
provide a onetime election to sell, transfer, or both sell and transfer debt 
securities classified as held to maturity that reference a rate affected by 
reference rate reform and that are classified as held to maturity before January 
1, 2020.

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

  The amendments for contract 

this Update are 
effective for all 
entities as of March 
12, 2020 through 
December 31, 
2022.

modifications could be elected to 
be applied as of any date from 
the beginning of an interim 
period that includes or is 
subsequent to March 12, 2020, or 
prospectively from a date within 
an interim period that includes or 
is subsequent to March 12, 2020. 
The amendments for existing 
hedging relationships can be 
elected to be applied as of the 
beginning of the interim period 
that includes March 12, 2020 and 
to new eligible hedging 
relationships entered into after 
the beginning of the interim 
period that includes March 12, 
2020. The adoption of this ASU 
has had and is not expected to 
have any   material impact to the 
Company’s consolidated 
statements of condition or 
income.

  This ASU requires additional 

disclosures to be provided in all 
reporting periods for which 
financial statements are 
presented, but otherwise does not 
affect the Company's reported 
statements of financial condition 
or results of operations.

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

  The adoption of this ASU had no 

this ASU are 
effective 
immediately for all 
entities.

material impact to the 
Company’s consolidated 
statements of condition or 
income.

Standard

  Description

  Required Date

of 
Implementation

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

1. No. 2021-06 | 
Presentation of 
Financial 
Statements (Topic 
205), Financial 
Services—
Depository and 
Lending (Topic 
942), and Financial 
Services—
Investment 
Companies (Topic 
946)

  This ASU is 
effective 
immediately for all 
applicable entities.

  This ASU requires applicable entities to disclose, as of each balance sheet 

date, in a footnote to the financial statements, the aggregate dollar amount of 
loans (exclusive of loans to any such persons which in the aggregate do not 
exceed $60,000 during the latest year) made by the registrant or any of its 
subsidiaries to directors, executive officers, or principal holders of equity 
securities of the registrant or any of its significant subsidiaries, or to any 
associate of such persons. For the latest fiscal year, an analysis of activity with 
respect to such aggregate loans to related parties should also be provided. The 
analysis should include the aggregate amount at the beginning of the period, 
new loans, repayments, and other changes. This disclosure need not be 
furnished when the aggregate amount of such loans at the balance sheet date 
(or with respect to the latest fiscal year, the maximum amount outstanding 
during the period) does not exceed five percent of stockholders equity as of 
that date.  This ASU also requires depository and lending institutions to 
disclose if a significant portion of the aggregate amount of loans outstanding 
to related parties at the end of the fiscal year relates to loans that are disclosed 
as nonaccrual, past due, nonaccrual, or troubled debt restructurings in the 
consolidated financial statements along with such other information necessary 
to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the financial 
statements. This ASU further requires depository and lending institutions to 
disclose if any loans were not made in the ordinary course of business during 
any period for which a statement of comprehensive income is required to be 
filed.

Standard

  Description

  Required Date

Reference Rate 
Reform, Topic 848 
(ASU 2021-01)

  The amendments in this ASU clarify that certain optional expedients and 
exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting 
apply to derivatives that are affected by the discontinuing transition.  
Specifically, certain provisions in Topic 848, if elected by an entity, apply to 
derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or 
contract price alignment that is modified as a result of reference rate reform.  
The amendments in this Update apply to all entities that elect to apply the 
optional guidance in Topic 848.

- 84 -

Standards Not Yet Adopted as of December 31, 2021
Standard

  Description

  Required Date

of 
Implementation

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

Measurement of 
Credit Losses on 
Financial 
Instruments (ASU 
2016-13: Financial 
Instruments—Credit 
Losses [Topic 326]: 
Measurement of 
Credit Losses on 
Financial 
Instruments)

  January 1, 2023 
(early adoption 
permitted as of 
January 1, 2019)

  The amended guidance replaces the current incurred loss model for 

determining the allowance for credit losses. The guidance requires financial 
assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected 
to be collected.  The allowance for credit losses will represent a valuation 
account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to 
present their net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. The 
income statement will reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly 
recognized financial assets as well as expected increases or decreases of 
expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. When 
determining the allowance, expected credit losses over the contractual term of 
the financial asset(s) (taking into account prepayments) will be estimated 
considering relevant information about past events, current conditions, and 
reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the 
reported amount.  The amended guidance also requires recording an allowance 
for credit losses for purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant 
amount of credit deterioration since origination.  The initial allowance for 
these assets will be added to the purchase price at acquisition rather than being 
reported as an expense.  Subsequent changes in the allowance will be recorded 
through the income statement as an expense adjustment.  In addition, the 
amended guidance requires credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt 
securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. The 
calculation of credit losses for available-for-sale securities will be similar to 
how it is determined under existing guidance.

  The Company is assessing the 

new guidance to determine what 
modifications to existing credit 
estimation processes may be 
required. The new guidance is 
complex and management is 
evaluating the preliminary output 
from models that have been 
developed during this evaluative 
phase. In addition, future levels 
of allowances will reflect new 
requirements to include 
estimated credit losses on 
investment securities classified 
as held-to-maturity, if any. The 
Company has formed an 
Implementation Committee, 
whose membership includes 
representatives of senior 
management, to develop plans 
that will encompass: (1) internal 
methodology changes (2) data 
collection and management 
activities, (3) internal 
communication requirements, 
and (4) estimation of the 
projected impact of this 
guidance.  It has been generally 
assumed that the conversion 
from the incurred loss model, 
required under current GAAP, to 
the current expected credit loss 
(CECL) methodology (as 
required upon implementation of 
this Update) will, more likely 
than not, result in increases to the 
allowances for credit losses at 
many financial institutions. The 
amount of any change in the 
allowance for credit losses 
resulting from the new guidance 
will be impacted by the 
provisions of this guidance as 
well as by the loan and debt 
security portfolios composition 
and asset quality at the adoption 
date, and economic conditions 
and forecasts at the time of 
adoption. The amendments in 
this Update should be applied on 
a modified retrospective basis by 
means of a cumulative-effect 
adjustment to the opening 
retained earnings balance in the 
statement of financial position as 
of the date that an entity adopts 
the amendments in Update 2016-
13. The cumulative impact of the 
economic effects of the COVID-
19 pandemic on the changes to 
the allowance for loan losses, 
that will be required upon the 
implementation of the CECL 
methodology, cannot be 
estimated at this time. 

- 85 -

Standard

  Description

Transition Relief for 
the Implementation 
of ASU-2016-13 
(ASU 2019-5: 
Financial 
Instruments—Credit 
Losses [Topic 326]: 
Targeted Transition 
Relief)

  The amendments in this ASU provide entities that have certain instruments 

within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses—
Measured at Amortized Cost, with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value 
option in Subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments—Overall, applied on an 
instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of 
Topic 326.  The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity 
debt securities. An entity that elects the fair value option should subsequently 
apply the guidance in Subtopics 820-10, Fair Value Measurement—Overall, 
and 825-10.  General guidance for the use of the fair value option is contained 
in Subtopic 825-10. The irrevocable election of the fair value option must be 
applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, whose 
characteristics are within the scope of Subtopic 326-20.  Upon adoption of 
Topic 326, for items measured at fair value in accordance with paragraph 326-
10-65-1(i), the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value shall 
be recorded by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening 
retained earnings balance as of the beginning of the first reporting period that 
an entity has adopted ASU 2016-13. Those differences may include, but are 
not limited to: (1) unamortized deferred costs, fees, premiums, and discounts 
(2) valuation allowances (for example, allowance for loan losses), or (3) 
accrued interest.

- 86 -

  Required Date

of 
Implementation

  January 1, 2023 
(early adoption 
permitted as of 
January 1, 2019)

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  The Company is assessing the 

new guidance to determine what 
modifications to existing credit 
estimation processes may be 
required. The new guidance is 
complex and management is still 
evaluating the preliminary output 
from models that have been 
developed during this evaluative 
phase. In addition, future levels 
of allowances will also reflect 
new requirements to include 
estimated credit losses on 
investment securities classified 
as held-to-maturity, if any.  The 
Company has formed an 
Implementation Committee, 
whose membership includes 
representatives of senior 
management, to develop plans 
that will encompass: (1) internal 
methodology changes (2) data 
collection and management 
activities, (3) internal 
communication requirements, 
and (4) estimation of the 
projected impact of this 
guidance.  It has been generally 
assumed that the conversion 
from the incurred loss model, 
required under current GAAP, to 
the current expected credit loss 
(CECL) methodology (as 
required upon implementation of 
this Update) will, more likely 
than not, result in increases to the 
allowances for credit losses at 
many financial institutions.  
However, the amount of any 
change in the allowance for 
credit losses resulting from the 
new guidance will ultimately be 
impacted by the provisions of 
this guidance as well as by the 
loan and debt security portfolios 
composition and asset quality at 
the adoption date, and economic 
conditions and forecasts at the 
time of adoption. The 
amendments in this Update 
should be applied on a modified 
retrospective basis by means of a 
cumulative-effect adjustment to 
the opening retained earnings 
balance in the statement of 
financial position as of the date 
that an entity adopted the 
amendments in Update 2016-13.  
The cumulative impact of the 
economic effects of the COVID-
19 pandemic on the changes to 
the allowance for loan losses, 
that will be required upon the 
implementation of the CECL 
methodology, cannot be 
estimated at this time.

Standard

  Description

  Required Date

of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  The adoption of this ASU is 
expected to have no material 
impact to the Company's 
consolidated statements of 
condition or income as the 
Company does not have any 
freestanding equities with a 
written call option.

Earnings Per Share, 
Debt Modifications 
and 
Extinguishments, 
Stock 
Compensation, and 
Derivatives and 
Hedging- Contacts 
in Entity's own 
Equity (ASU 2021-
04)

  The amendments in this Update affect all entities that issue freestanding 

written call options that are classified in equity. Specifically, the amendments 
affect those entities when a freestanding equity-classified written call option is 
modified or exchanged and remains equity classified after the modification or 
exchange. The amendments that relate to the recognition and measurement of 
EPS for certain modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified 
written call options affect entities that present EPS in accordance with the 
guidance in Topic 260, Earnings Per Share.  The amendments in this Update 
do not apply to modifications or exchanges of financial instruments that are 
within the scope of another Topic. That is, accounting for those instruments 
continues to be subject to the requirements in other Topics.  The amendments 
in this Update do not affect a holder‘s accounting for freestanding call options.

this Update are 
effective for all 
entities for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2021, including 
interim periods 
within those fiscal 
years. An entity 
should apply the 
amendments 
prospectively to 
modifications or 
exchanges 
occurring on or 
after the effective 
date of the 
amendments. Early 
adoption is 
permitted for all 
entities, including 
adoption in an 
interim period. If 
an entity elects to 
early adopt the 
amendments in this 
Update in an 
interim period, the 
guidance should be 
applied as of the 
beginning of the 
fiscal year that 
includes that 
interim period.

- 87 -

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

The adoption of this ASU is 
currently not expected to have a 
material impact to the 
Company's consolidated 
statements of condition or 
income.

of 
Implementation
The amendments in 
this Update amend 
Topic 842, which 
has different 
effective dates for 
public business 
entities and most 
entities other than 
public business 
entities. The 
amendments are 
effective for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2021, for all 
entities, and interim 
periods within 
those fiscal years 
for public business 
entities and interim 
periods within 
fiscal years 
beginning after 
December 15, 
2022, for all other 
entities.

Standard

  Description

  Required Date

Leases- Topic 842 
(ASU 2021-05)

The amendments in this Update affect lessors with lease contracts that (1) 
have variable lease payments that do not depend on a reference index or a rate 
and (2) would have resulted in the recognition of a selling loss at lease 
commencement if classified as sales-type or direct financing. The amendment 
requires that a lessor determine whether a lease should be classified as a sales-
type lease or a direct financing lease at lease commencement on the basis of 
specified classification criteria (see paragraphs 842-10-25-2 through 25-3). 
Under ASC 842, a lessor is not permitted to estimate most variable payments 
and must exclude variable payments that are not estimated and do not depend 
on a reference index or a rate from the lease receivable. Subsequently, those 
excluded variable payments are recognized entirely as lease income when the 
changes in facts and circumstances on which those variable payments are 
based occur. Consequently, the net investment in the lease for a sales-type 
lease or a direct financing lease with variable payments of a certain magnitude 
that do not depend on a reference index or a rate may be less than the carrying 
amount of the underlying asset derecognized at lease commencement. As a 
result, the lessor recognizes a selling loss at lease commencement (hereinafter 
referred to as a day-one loss) even if the lessor expects the arrangement to be 
profitable overall.  The amendments in this Update address stakeholders' 
concerns by amending the lease classification requirements for lessors to align 
them with practice under ASC 840. Lessors should classify and account for a 
lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on a reference index or 
a rate as an operating lease if both of the following criteria are met: (1) The 
lease would have been classified as a sales-type lease or a direct financing 
lease in accordance with the classification criteria in paragraphs 842-10-25-2 
through 25-3 and (2) The lessor would have otherwise recognized a day-one 
loss.  When a lease is classified as operating, the lessor does not recognize a 
net investment in the lease, does not derecognize the underlying asset, and, 
therefore, does not recognize a selling profit or loss. The leased asset 
continues to be subject to the measurement and impairment requirements 
under other applicable GAAP before and after the lease transaction.

- 88 -

 
 
 
Standard

  Description

  Required Date

of 
Implementation

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

  On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-

  The Company is assessing the 

Financial 
Instruments—Credit 
Losses (ASU 2019-
11- Codification 
Improvements to 
Topic 326)

  January 1, 2023 
(early adoption 
permitted as of 
January 1, 2019).  
The effective dates 
and transition 
requirements for 
the amendments are 
the same as the 
effective dates and 
transition 
requirements in 
Update 2016-13.

new guidance to determine what 
modifications to existing credit 
estimation processes may be 
required. The new guidance is 
complex and management is still 
evaluating the preliminary output 
from models that have been 
developed during this evaluative 
phase.    In addition, future levels 
of allowances will also reflect 
new requirements to include 
estimated credit losses on 
investment securities classified 
as held-to-maturity, if any.  The 
Company has formed an 
Implementation Committee, 
whose membership includes 
representatives of senior 
management, to develop plans 
that will encompass: (1) internal 
methodology changes (2) data 
collection and management 
activities, (3) internal 
communication requirements, 
and (4) estimation of the 
projected impact of this 
guidance.  It has been generally 
assumed that the conversion 
from the incurred loss model, 
required under current GAAP, to 
the CECL methodology will, 
more likely than not, result in 
increases to the allowances for 
credit losses at many financial 
institutions.  However, the 
amount of any change in the 
allowance for credit losses 
resulting from the new guidance 
will ultimately be impacted by 
the provisions of this guidance as 
well as by the loan and debt 
security portfolios composition 
and asset quality at the adoption 
date, and economic conditions 
and forecasts at the time of 
adoption. The amendments in 
this Update should be applied on 
a modified retrospective basis by 
means of a cumulative-effect 
adjustment to the opening 
retained earnings balance in the 
statement of financial position as 
of the date that an entity adopted 
the amendments in Update 2016-
13.

13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit 
Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced an expected credit loss 
model for the impairment of financial assets measured at amortized cost basis. 
That model replaces the probable, incurred loss model for those assets. 
Through the amendments in that Update, the Board added Topic 326, 
Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, and made several consequential 
amendments to the Codification.  The Board has an ongoing project on its 
agenda for improving the Codification or correcting its unintended 
application. The items addressed in that project generally are not expected to 
have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant 
administrative cost for most entities. The amendments in this Update are 
similar to those items. However, the Board decided to issue a separate Update 
for improvements to the amendments in Update 2016-13 to increase 
stakeholder awareness of those amendments and to expedite the improvement 
process. The amendments include items brought to the Board's attention by 
stakeholders.

The amendments in this Update clarify or address stakeholders' specific issues 
about certain aspects of the amendments in Update 2016-13 as described 
below:

1. Expected Recoveries for Purchased Financial Assets with Credit 
Deterioration (PCDs):  The amendments clarify that the allowance for credit 
losses for PCD assets should include in the allowance for credit losses 
expected recoveries of amounts previously written off and expected to be 
written off by the entity and should not exceed the aggregate of amounts of the 
amortized cost basis previously written off and expected to be written off by 
an entity.  In addition, the amendments clarify that when a method other than a 
discounted cash flow method is used to estimate expected credit losses, 
expected recoveries should not include any amounts that result in an 
acceleration of the noncredit discount. An entity may include increases in 
expected cash flows after acquisition.
2. Transition Relief for Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs):  The 
amendments provide transition relief by permitting entities an accounting 
policy election to adjust the effective interest rate on existing TDRs using 
prepayment assumptions on the date of adoption of Topic 326 rather than the 
prepayment assumptions in effect immediately before the restructuring.
3. Disclosures Related to Accrued Interest Receivables: The amendments 
extend the disclosure relief for accrued interest receivable balances to 
additional relevant disclosures involving amortized cost basis.
4. Financial Assets Secured by Collateral Maintenance Provisions: The 
amendments clarify that an entity should assess whether it reasonably expects 
the borrower will be able to continually replenish collateral securing the 
financial asset to apply the practical expedient.  The amendments clarify that 
an entity applying the practical expedient should estimate expected credit 
losses for any difference between the amount of the amortized cost basis that 
is greater than the fair value of the collateral securing the financial asset (that 
is, the unsecured portion of the amortized cost basis). An entity may determine 
that the expectation of nonpayment for the amount of the amortized cost basis 
equal to the fair value of the collateral securing the financial asset is zero.
5. Conforming Amendment to Subtopic 805-20: The amendment to Subtopic 
805-20, Business Combinations—Identifiable Assets and Liabilities, and Any 
Noncontrolling Interest, clarifies the guidance by removing the cross-
reference to Subtopic 310-30 in paragraph 805-20-50-1 and replacing it with a 
cross-reference to the guidance on PCD assets in Subtopic 326-20.

- 89 -

 
 
Standard

  Description

  Required Date

Debt (ASU 2020-06- 
Debt with 
Conversion and 
Other Options 
(Subtopic 470-20) 
and Derivatives and 
Hedging— 
Contracts in Entity's 
Own Equity 
(Subtopic 815-40)

  Effect on Consolidated 
Financial Statements

of 
Implementation
  The amendments in 

  The amendments reduce the number of accounting models for convertible debt 

  The amendments can be applied 

instruments and convertible preferred stock.  The amendments also reduce 
form-over-substance-based guidance for the derivatives scope exception for 
contacts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, embedded 
conversion features no longer are separated from the host contract for 
convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be 
accounted for as derivatives, or that do not result in substantial premiums 
accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument 
will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost and a 
convertible preferred stock will be accounted for as a single equity instrument 
measured at its historical cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation 
and recognition as derivatives. By removing those separation models, the 
interest rate of convertible debt instruments typically will be closer to the 
coupon interest rate on the instrument.  The amendments also require certain 
changes to EPS calculations for convertible instruments as well as additional 
disclosures relating to conditions that cause conversion features to be met.

For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the amendments  revise the derivatives 
scope exception guidance as follows:

1. Remove the settlement in unregistered shares, collateral, and shareholder 
rights conditions from the settlement guidance.
2. Clarify that payment penalties for failure to timely file do not preclude 
equity classification.
3. Require instruments that are required to be classified as an asset or liability 
to be measured subsequently at fair value, with changes reported in earnings 
and disclosed in the financial statements. 4. Clarify that the scope of the 
disclosure requirements in the Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity section of 
the Derivatives guidance applies only to freestanding instruments.
5. Clarify that the scope of the reassessment guidance in the Contracts in an 
Entity’s Own Equity section of the Derivatives guidance applies to both 
freestanding instruments and embedded features.

this update are 
effective for public 
business entities, 
excluding entities 
eligible to be 
smaller reporting 
companies as 
defined by the 
SEC, for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2021, including 
interim periods 
within those fiscal 
years. For all other 
entities, the 
amendments are 
effective for fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2023, including 
interim periods 
within those fiscal 
years. Early 
adoption is 
permitted, but no 
earlier than fiscal 
years beginning 
after December 15, 
2020, including 
interim periods 
within those fiscal 
years. The Board 
specified that an 
entity should adopt 
the guidance as of 
the beginning of its 
annual fiscal year.

either on a modified 
retrospective method of 
transition or a fully retrospective 
method of transition. In applying 
the modified retrospective 
method, the guidance should be 
applied to transactions 
outstanding as of the beginning 
of the fiscal year in which the 
amendments are adopted. 
Transactions that were settled (or 
expired) during prior reporting 
periods are unaffected. The 
cumulative effect of the change 
should be recognized as an 
adjustment to the opening 
balance of retained earnings at 
the date of adoption. If applying 
the fully retrospective method of 
transition, the cumulative effect 
of the change should be 
recognized as an adjustment to 
the opening balance of retained 
earnings in the first comparative 
period presented.  The fair value 
option is allowed to be 
irrevocably elected for any 
financial instrument that is a 
convertible security upon 
adoption of the amendments.  
The Company has not yet 
determined which transition 
method will be applied to the 
extent that such transition 
adjustments are applicable.  The 
Company does not expect that 
the guidance will have a material 
effect on its consolidated 
statements of financial condition 
or income.

- 90 -

 
 
NOTE 3:  EARNINGS PER SHARE

Following  shareholder  approval  received  on  June  4,  2021,  the  Company  converted  1,380,283  shares  of  its  Series  B  Convertible 
Perpetual Preferred Stock to an equal number of shares of its newly-created Series A Non-Voting Common Stock.  The conversion, 
which was effective on June 28, 2021, represented 100% of the Company's Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock outstanding at the 
time of the conversion and retired the Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock in perpetuity.

The Company has voting common stock, non-voting common stock and a warrant that are all eligible to participate in dividends equal 
to the voting common stock dividends on a per share basis. Securities that participate in dividends, such as the Company’s non-voting 
common  stock  and  warrant,  are  considered  “participating  securities.”    The  Company  calculates  net  income  available  to  voting 
common shareholders using the two-class method required for capital structures that include participating securities.        

In  applying  the  two-class  method,  basic  net  income  per  share  was  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  (less  any  dividends  on 
participating securities) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and participating securities outstanding for the 
period. Diluted earnings per share may include the additional effect of other securities, if dilutive, in which case the dilutive effect of 
such securities is calculated by applying either the two-class method or the Treasury Stock method to the assumed exercise or vesting 
of potentially dilutive common shares.  The method yielding the more dilutive result is ultimately reported for the applicable period. 
Potentially  dilutive  common  stock  equivalents  primarily  consist  of  employee  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  units.  Unallocated 
common shares held by the ESOP are not included in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for purposes of 
calculating earnings per common share until they are committed to be released to plan participants.

Anti-dilutive shares are common stock equivalents with average exercise prices in excess of the weighted average market price for the 
period presented.  Anti-dilutive stock options, not included in the computation below, were -0- and 175,996 for the years ended 2021 
and 2020, respectively.

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Convertible preferred stock dividends
Series A Non-Voting Common Stock dividends
Warrant dividends
Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities
Net income available to common shareholders- Voting

Net income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Convertible preferred stock dividends
Voting Common Stock dividends
Warrant dividends
Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities
Net income available to common shareholders- Series A Non-Voting

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding-  Voting
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding- Series A Non-Voting
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding- Voting
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding- Series A Non-Voting

Basic earnings per common share- Voting
Basic earnings per common share- Series A Non-Voting
Diluted earnings per common share- Voting
Diluted earnings per common share- Series A Non-Voting

$

$

$

$

$
$
$
$

- 91 -

 $

Years Ended
December 31,
2021 
12,407 
180 
206 
35 
2,699 
9,287 

 $

12,407 
180 
1,258 
35 
9,392 
1,542 

4,478 
745 
4,478 
745 

2.07 
2.07 
2.07 
2.07 

 $

 $

 $
 $
 $
 $

2020 
6,950 
291 
- 
30 
1,224 
5,405 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

4,608 
- 
4,608 
- 

1.17 
- 
1.17 
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
NOTE 4: INVESTMENT SECURITIES 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities are summarized as follows:

(In thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Equity investment securities:

Common stock - financial services industry

Total

Total available-for-sale

Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total held-to-maturity

December 31, 2021

Gross 
  Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
  Unrealized 
Losses 

Amortized 
Cost 

Estimated 
Fair 
Value 

  $

  $

  $

  $

32,669    $
37,860     
13,603     
13,693     
22,482     
12,658     
56,848     
189,813     

206     
206     
190,019    $

-    $
14,790     
46,290     
14,636     
9,740     
11,362     
64,105     
160,923    $

 $

17 
1,383 
562 
9 
148 
30 
285 
2,434     

-     
-     
2,434    $

 $

- 
416 
1,252 
67 
277 
367 
222 
2,601    $

(413)   $
(44)    
(38)    
(89)    
(466)    
(403)    
(402)    
(1,855)    

-     
-     
(1,855)   $

-    $
(140)    
(102)    
(188)    
(18)    
(9)    
(262)    
(719)   $

32,273 
39,199 
14,127 
13,613 
22,164 
12,285 
56,731 
190,392 

206 
206 
190,598 

- 
15,066 
47,440 
14,515 
9,999 
11,720 
64,065 
162,805  

- 92 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
     
       
       
       
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
 
     
       
       
       
 
     
       
       
       
 
     
       
       
       
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
(In thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Equity investment securities:

Common stock - financial services industry

Total

Total available-for-sale
Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total held-to-maturity

December 31, 2020

Gross 
  Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
  Unrealized 
Losses 

Amortized 
Cost 

Estimated 
Fair 
Value 

  $

  $

  $

  $

6,428    $
23,235     
12,393     
8,572     
24,856     
26,776     
24,662     
126,922     

206     
206     
127,128    $

1,000    $
16,482     
36,441     
18,414     
11,807     
24,482     
62,598     
171,224    $

12    $
538     
275     
39     
355     
149     
384     
1,752     

-     
-     
1,752    $

2    $
527     
1,101     
217     
475     
850     
902     
4,074    $

(24)   $
(20)    
-     
(4)    
-     
(461)    
(110)    
(619)    

-     
-     
(619)   $

-    $
(58)    
(7)    
(176)    
-     
(1)    
(121)    
(363)   $

6,416 
23,753 
12,668 
8,607 
25,211 
26,464 
24,936 
128,055 

206 
206 
128,261 

1,002 
16,951 
37,535 
18,455 
12,282 
25,331 
63,379 
174,935  

A  substantial  percentage  of  the  Company’s  investments  in  mortgage-backed  securities  include  pass-through  securities  and 
collateralized mortgage obligations issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae.  At December 31, 2021, the 
Company  also  held  a  total  of  68  private-label  mortgage-backed  securities  or  collateralized  mortgage  obligations  with  an  aggregate 
book balance of $120.9 million and 20  private-label asset backed securities collateralized by consumer loans with an aggregate book 
balance  of  $28.3  million.    At  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  held  a  total  of  54  private-label  mortgage-backed  securities  or 
collateralized  mortgage  obligations  with  an  aggregate  book  balance  of  $87.3  million  and  22   private-label  asset  backed  securities 
collateralized by consumer loans with an aggregate book balance of $27.0 million.  These investments are relatively short-duration 
securities with significant credit enhancements.  The Company’s investments in state and political obligation securities are generally 
municipal obligations that are categorized as general obligations of the issuer that are supported by the overall taxing authority of the 
issuer,  and  in  some  cases  are  insured.    The  obligations  issued  by  school  districts  are  generally  supported  by  state  administered 
insurance funds or credit enhancement programs. 

- 93 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
     
       
       
       
 
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
The  amortized  cost  and  estimated  fair  value  of  debt  investments  at  December  31,  2021  by  contractual  maturity  are  shown  below. 
Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or 
without penalties.

Available-for-Sale

Held-to-Maturity

(In thousands)
Due in one year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through ten years
Due after ten years

Sub-total

Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Totals

  $

  Amortized 
Cost 
5,886    $
4,824     
34,884     
52,231     
97,825     
22,482     
12,658     
56,848     
189,813    $

  $

Estimated 
  Fair Value 

  Amortized 
Cost 
2,817    $
8,967     
43,836     
20,096     
75,716     
9,740     
11,362     
64,105     
160,923    $

Estimated 
  Fair Value 
2,865 
9,349 
44,764 
20,043 
77,021 
9,999 
11,720 
64,065 
162,805  

6,294    $
4,920     
34,512     
53,486     
99,212 
22,164     
12,285     
56,731     
 $
190,392 

The Company’s investment securities’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time 
that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
US Treasury, agencies and GSE's
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label
Totals

Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label
Totals

Less than Twelve Months

December 31, 2021
Twelve Months or More

Total

 Number of 
  Individual 
  Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

    Number of 
Fair   Individual 
  Value    Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

    Number of 
Fair   Individual 
  Value    Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair 
  Value 

3    $
3     
2     
5     
3     
3     
18     
37    $

4    $
9     
2     
1     
-     
6     
22    $

(413)   $ 31,195    
4,847    
(44)    
(5)    
1,162    
(89)     11,206    
(466)     13,090    
(126)    
6,504    
(388)     38,816    
(1,531)   $106,820    

(28)   $
(102)    
(130)    
(18)    
-     

2,013    
7,636    
2,974    
1,941    
-    
(163)     13,070    
(441)   $ 27,634    

-    $
-     
1     
-     
-     
2     
2     
5    $

2    $
-     
2     
-     
1     
3     
8    $

-    $
-     
(33)    
-     
-     

-    
-    
722    
-    
-    
(277)     2,204    
(14)     1,539    
(324)   $ 4,465    

-     

(112)   $ 3,988    
-    
(58)     1,610    
-     
-    
(9)     1,109    
(99)     3,820    
(278)   $10,527    

3    $
3     
3     
5     
3     
5     
20     
42    $

6    $
9     
4     
1     
1     
9     
30    $

(413)   $ 31,195 
4,847 
(44)    
(38)    
1,884 
(89)     11,206 
(466)     13,090 
(403)    
8,708 
(402)     40,355 
(1,855)   $111,285 

(140)    
(102)    
(188)    
(18)    
(9)    

6,001 
7,636 
4,584 
1,941 
1,109 
(262)     16,890 
(719)   $ 38,161  

- 94 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
      
     
 
     
      
     
 
     
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
      
     
 
     
      
     
 
     
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
(Dollars in thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
US Treasury, agencies and GSE's
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label
Totals

Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label
Totals

Less than Twelve Months

December 31, 2020
Twelve Months or More

Total

  Number of 
  Individual 
  Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair 
  Value 

 Number of 
 Individual 
  Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair 
  Value 

 Number of 
 Individual 
  Securities 

 Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair 
  Value 

-    $
1     
-     
2     
-     
2     
3     
8    $

3    $
4     
4     
-     
1     
4     
16    $

-    $

-     
(20)     2,521     
-     
-     
(2)     2,487     
-     
-     
(45)     6,974     
(78)     8,071     
(145)   $20,053     

(58)   $ 7,063     
(7)     3,775     
(36)     4,209     
-     
-     
(1)     1,496     
(115)     6,442     
(217)   $22,985     

1    $
-     
-     
1     
-     
2     
4     
8    $

-    $
-     
3     
-     
-     
1     
4    $

-     
-     
(2)    
-     

(24)   $ 4,954     
-     
-     
80     
-     
(416)     5,683     
(32)     2,574     
(474)   $13,291     

-    $
-     

-     
-     
(140)     4,683     
-     
-     
780     
(146)   $ 5,463     

-     
-     
(6)    

1    $
1     
-     
3     
-     
4     
7     
16    $

3    $
4     
7     
-     
1     
5     
20    $

(24)   $ 4,954 
(20)     2,521 
-     
- 
(4)     2,567 
- 
-     
(461)     12,657 
(110)     10,645 
(619)   $33,344 

(58)   $ 7,063 
(7)     3,775 
(176)     8,892 
-     
- 
(1)     1,496 
(121)     7,222 
(363)   $28,448  

The  Company  conducts  a  formal  review  of  investment  securities  on  a  quarterly  basis  for  the  presence  of  OTTI.    The  Company 
assesses  whether  OTTI  is  present  when  the  fair  value  of  a  debt  security  is  less  than  its  amortized  cost  basis  at  the  statement  of 
condition date.  Under these circumstances, OTTI is considered to have occurred (1) if we intend to sell the security; (2) if it is “more 
likely than not” we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis; or (3) the present value of expected 
cash flows is not anticipated to be sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis.  The guidance requires that credit-related OTTI 
is recognized in earnings while non-credit-related OTTI on securities not expected to be sold is recognized in other comprehensive 
income  (“OCI”).    Non-credit-related  OTTI  is  based  on  other  factors,  including  illiquidity  and  changes  in  the  general  interest  rate 
environment.    Presentation  of  OTTI  is  made  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  income  on  a  gross  basis,  including  both  the  portion 
recognized in earnings as well as the portion recorded in OCI.  The gross OTTI would then be offset by the amount of non-credit-
related OTTI, showing the net as the impact on earnings. 

Management  does  not  believe  any  individual  unrealized  loss  in  investment  securities  within  the  portfolio  as  of  December  31,  2021 
represents  OTTI.    There  were  a  total  of  five  securities  classified  as  available-for-sale  (aggregate  amortized  historical  cost  of  $4.8 
million,  unrealized  aggregate  loss  of  $324,000,  or  -6.7%)  and  eight  securities  classified  as  held-to-maturity  (aggregate  amortized 
historical  cost  of  $10.8  million,  unrealized  aggregate  loss  of  $278,000,  or  -2.6%)  that  were  in  an  unrealized  loss  position  for  12 
months or longer at December 31, 2021.  

Each  security  which  has  been  in  an  unrealized  loss  position  for  12  months  or  more  has  been  analyzed  and  is  not  considered  to  be 
impaired.  These  securities  have  unrealized  losses  primarily  due  to  fluctuations  in  general  interest  rates  or  changes  in  expected 
prepayments.  In substantially all cases, price improvement in future months is expected as the issuances approach maturity.  Of the 
total  of  13  securities  in  an  unrealized  loss  position  for  12  months  or  more  at  December  31,  2021,  three  securities,  with  aggregate 
amortized cost balances of $3.6 million and representing 23.1% of the unamortized cost of the total securities in an unrealized loss 
position  for  12  months  or  more,  are  issued  by  United  States  agencies  and  consist  of  a  collateralized  mortgage  obligation.    These 
positions in US government agency are deemed to have no credit impairment, thus, the disclosed unrealized losses relate primarily to 
changes  in  prepayment  assumptions  related  to  significantly  lower  general  interest  rates  resulting  from  the  economic  effects  of  the 
pandemic.     

In  addition  to  these  three  securities,  the  Company  held  the  following  ten  non-government-issued/backed  securities  that  were  in  an 
unrealized loss position for 12 or more months at December 31, 2021:  

• One corporate bond, categorized as available for sale, with an amortized historical cost of $755,000 (unrealized 
loss of $33,000, or 4.59%). This security maintains a credit rating established by one or more NRSRO above the 
minimum level required to be considered as investment grade and therefore, no credit-related OTTI is deemed 
to be present.
Two  privately-issued  mortgage-backed  securities,  categorized  as  available-for-sale,  and  collateralized  by 
various forms of commercial mortgages, with an aggregate amortized historical cost of $1.6 million (unrealized 
aggregate  loss  of  $14,000,  or  0.92%).    These  securities  were  not  rated  at  the  time  of  their  issuances  by  any 
NRSRO  but  each  remains  significantly  collateralized  through  subordination  and  other  credit  enhancements. 

•

- 95 -

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
      
      
 
     
      
      
 
     
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
      
      
 
     
      
      
 
     
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
•

Therefore, no credit-related OTTI is deemed to be present
Two  securities,  categorized  as  issued  by  unrelated  state  and/or  political  subdivisions  (generally  referred  to  as 
“municipal’  securities),  categorized  as  held-to-maturity,  with  an  aggregate  amortized  historical  cost  of  $4.1 
million (unrealized loss of $112,000, or 2.80%). These securities each maintains a credit rating established by 
one or more NRSRO above the minimum level required to be considered as investment grade and therefore, no 
credit-related OTTI is deemed to be present.

• One privately-issued asset-backed security, categorized as held-to-maturity, and collateralized by small business 
loans  with  an  amortized  historical  cost  of  $157,000  (unrealized  loss  of  less  than  $2,000,  or  -0.92%).  This 
security  was  not  rated  at  the  time  of  its  issuances  by  any  NRSRO  but  remains  significantly  collateralized 
through  subordination  and  other  credit  enhancements.  Therefore,  no  credit-related  OTTI  is  deemed  to  be 
present.

• One  privately-issued  asset-backed  security,  collateralized  by  private-issue  student  loans  and  categorized  as 
held-to-maturity,  with  an  amortized  historical  cost  of  $1.5  million  and  a  market  value  of  $1.5  million 
(unrealized  loss  of  $56,000  or  -3.75%).  This  security  was  unrated  at  issuance  but  remains  sufficiently 
collateralized through subordination.  Therefore, no credit-related OTTI is deemed to be present.
Three  privately-issued  collateralized  mortgage  obligation  securities,  collateralized  by  commercial  mortgage 
loans  and  categorized  as  held-to-maturity,  with  an  aggregate  amortized  historical  cost  of  $3.9  million  and  an 
aggregate market value of $3.8 million (unrealized aggregate loss of $99,000, or -2.59%).  These securities each 
maintains  a  credit  rating  established  by  one  or  more  NRSRO  above  the  minimum  level  required  to  be 
considered as investment grade and therefore, no credit-related OTTI is deemed to be present.

•

All other securities with market values less than their amortized historical costs for twelve or more months are issued by United States 
agencies  or  government  sponsored  enterprises  and  consist  of  mortgage-backed  securities,  collateralized  mortgage  obligations  and 
direct  agency  financings.  These  positions  in  US  government  agency  and  government-sponsored  enterprises  are  deemed  to  have  no 
credit impairment, thus, the disclosed unrealized losses relate directly to changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of the 
individual securities.  The Company does not intend to sell these securities, nor is it more likely than not that the Company will be 
required to sell these securities prior to the recovery of the amortized cost.

Proceeds of $42.0 million and $29.3 million, respectively on sales and redemptions of securities for the years ended December 31, 
2021 and 2020 resulted in gross realized gains (losses) detailed below:

 (In thousands)
Realized gains on investments
Realized losses on investments

  $

  $

2021 
120    $
(83)   
37    $

2020 
1,107 
(31)
1,076  

As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, securities with a fair value of $103.2 million and $96.4 million, respectively, were 
pledged to collateralize certain municipal deposit relationships.  As of the same dates, securities with a fair value of $9.4 million and 
$13.2 million were pledged against certain borrowing arrangements.  

Management has reviewed its loan and mortgage-backed securities portfolios and determined that, to the best of its knowledge, little 
or no exposure exists to sub-prime or other high-risk residential mortgages.  The Company is not in the practice of investing in, or 
originating, these types of investments.

- 96 -

 
 
   
 
NOTE 5: LOANS

Major classifications of loans are as follows:

(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Construction
Loans held-for-sale (1)

Total residential mortgage loans

Commercial loans:
Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Paycheck Protection Program loans
Tax exempt loans
Total commercial loans

Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans

Total loans

Net deferred loan fees
Less allowance for loan losses

Loans receivable, net

December 31, 
2021 

December 31, 
2020 

  $

240,434    $
6,329   
513   
247,276   

288,450   
61,884   
69,135   
19,338   
5,811   
444,618   

31,737   
110,108   
141,845   

833,739   
(1,280)  
(12,935)  
819,524 

 $

  $

227,185 
6,681 
1,526 
235,392 

286,271 
49,103 
78,629 
60,643 
7,166 
481,812 

38,624 
70,905 
109,529 

826,733 
(1,238)
(12,777)
812,718 

(1)

Based on ASC 948, Mortgage Banking, loans shall be classified as held-for-sale once a decision has been made to sell the 
loans and shall be transferred to the held-for-sale category at lower of cost or fair value.  At December 31, 2021, the loans 
under  contract  to  be  sold  had  a  principal  balance  of  $513,000.    These  loans  were  transferred  at  their  amortized  cost  of 
$513,000 as of December 31, 2021, as the fair value of these loans was greater than the amortized cost. At December 31, 
2020,  the  loans  under  contract  to  be  sold  had  a  principal  balance  of  $1.5  million.    These  loans  were  transferred  at  their 
amortized cost of $1.5 million as of December 31, 2020, as the fair value of these loans was greater than the amortized cost.

- 97 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) 

The Bank participated in all rounds of the PPP funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the U.S. SBA pursuant to 
the CARES Act and subsequent legislation.  PPP loans have an interest rate of 1.0% and a two-year or five-year loan term to maturity. 
The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers.  The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, 
including  any  accrued  interest,  is  eligible  to  be  reduced  by  the  loan  forgiveness  amount  under  the  PPP  so  long  as  employee  and 
compensation levels of the business are maintained and the loan proceeds are used for qualifying expenses.  The PPP ended in May 
2021.  Information related to the Company’s PPP loans are included in the following tables:

Unaudited
(In thousands, except number of loans)
Number of PPP loans originated in the period
Funded balance of PPP loans originated in the period
Number of PPP loans forgiven in the period
Average balance of PPP loans in the period
Balance of PPP loans forgiven in the period
Deferred PPP fee income recognized in the period

 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Unearned PPP deferred fee income at end of period

 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Total PPP loans originated since inception
Total PPP loans forgiven since inception
Total PPP loans remaining at December 31, 2021

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $

For the years ended

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

478 
36,369 
796 
75,538 
77,054 
2,150 

 $

 $
 $
$

699 
75,352 
136 
91,328 
15,279 
938  

December 31, 2021 

716   

$

December 31, 2020 
1,216  

Number

Balance

1,177   
932 
256   

$
 $
$

111,721 
92,333 
19,338  

The Bank received $4.0 million in fees from the SBA associated with PPP lending activities during 2020 and 2021 and recognized 
$2.2  million  and  $900,000  of  those  fees  in  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  Accordingly,  $3.1  million  in  deferred  fee  income  on  a 
cumulative basis was subtracted from the carrying value of the PPP loans held in portfolio and the remaining $912,000 in deferred 
collected fees will be recognized in future periods. 

CARES Act Section 4013 Loan Deferrals

Through December 31, 2020, the Bank granted payment deferral requests for an initial period of 90 days on 618 loans representing 
approximately $137.4 million of existing loan balances.  Upon the receipt of borrower requests, additional 90 day deferral periods 
were generally granted.  Consistent with industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were granted COVID-19 related deferrals but 
were otherwise current on loan payments continued to have their loans reported as current loans during the agreed upon deferral 
period(s), accrue interest and not be accounted for as troubled debt restructurings. Of these granted deferrals, 303 loans, totaling $24.0 
million, were residential mortgage or consumer loans.  At December 31, 2020, 265 residential and consumer loans, totaling $21.3 
million, had returned to non-deferral status.  Of these granted deferrals, 315 loans, totaling $113.3 million, were commercial real 
estate or other commercial and industrial loans. At December 31, 2020, 291 commercial real estate or other commercial and industrial 
loans, totaling $98.9 million, had returned to non-deferral status. Therefore, at December 31, 2020, 38 residential mortgage and 
consumer loans, totaling $2.7 million and 24 commercial real estate and other commercial and industrial loans, totaling $14.4 million 
remained in deferral status.  These loans still in deferral status therefore totaled $17.1 million and represented 2.1% of all loans 
outstanding at December 31, 2020. After consultations with certain of these commercial loan borrowers, 11 loans, representing $8.3 
million, were granted an additional 90 day deferral period beyond 180 days as of December 31, 2020.  These loans are included in the 
$17.1 million in loans still in deferred status at December 31, 2020.   On an extremely limited basis, additional deferral periods were 
granted subject to further analysis and discussion with specific borrowers.  To the extent that such modifications met the criteria 
previously described these loans were not classified as troubled debt restructurings nor classified as nonperforming at December 31, 
2020.  Loans not granted additional deferral periods were categorized as nonaccrual loans if the borrowers failed to make the first 
scheduled payment following the end of the deferral period, or became seriously delinquent thereafter. During the course of 2021, all 
deferred loans were either returned to accrual status or appropriately characterized as nonaccrual as dictated by their repayment 
activities.  Therefore, the Company had no loans in deferral status at December 31, 2021. 

Although  the  Bank  may  sometimes  purchase  or  fund  loan  participation  interests  outside  of  its  primary  market  areas,  the  Bank 
generally  originates residential mortgage, commercial, and consumer loans largely to customers throughout Oswego  and Onondaga 
counties.  Although  the  Bank  has  a  diversified  loan  portfolio,  a  substantial  portion  of  its  borrowers’  abilities  to  honor  their  loan 
contracts is dependent upon the counties’ employment and economic conditions.  

- 98 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
In 2019, the Bank acquired eleven diverse pools of loans, originated by unrelated third parties.  There were four new pools added in 
2021.  

The following table summarizes the positions, held by the Bank in purchased loans at year end:

(In thousands, except number of loans)

December 31, 2021

Residential real estate loans
Residential real estate loans
Other commercial and industrial loans
Commercial Line of Credit 1
Commercial Line of Credit 2
Home equity lines of credit
Automobile loans
Unsecured consumer loan pool 1
Unsecured consumer loan pool 2
Unsecured consumer loans pool 3
Unsecured consumer loans pool 4
Unsecured consumer loans pool 5
Unsecured consumer loans pool 6

Original 
Balance  
4,300 
  21,300   
6,800 
  11,600   
  10,500   
   21,900 
  50,400   
5,400 
  26,600   
   10,300 
  14,500   
   24,400 
  22,200   

Current 
Balance  
4,100 
  21,400   
3,900 
7,100   
9,300   
8,400 
8,800   
2,600 
6,300   
2,200 
  12,600   
   19,700 
  22,100   

Unamortized 

Premium  
257 
3,642   

26   
35   
243 
301   

30   
74 
1,776   
583 
2,785   

Percent 
Owned  

Number of 
Loans

Maturity 
Range
  17-23 Years
51 
19-25 years 
900   
4-8 years
33 
0-1 year 
1   
0-1 year 
1   
2-28 years
187 
0-5 years 
855   
3-5 years
66 
1-3 years 
1,438   
0-6 years
1,356 
15 years 
563   
756 
 Over 15 years
564    Over 15 years 

100%   
62%  
100%   
5%  
28%  
100%   
90%  
100%   
59%  
100%   
68%  
100%   
100%  

(In thousands, except number of loans)

December 31, 2020

Cumulative 
net charge-
offs

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
239 
- 
42 
296 
- 
- 
- 

Cumulative 
net charge-
offs

Percent 
Owned  

Number of 
Loans

Original 
Balance  
4,300 
 $
6,800   
   21,900 
  50,400   
5,400 
  26,600   
   10,300 
  14,500   

Current 
Balance  
4,300 
 $
5,500   
   13,900 
  17,000   
3,600 
  15,400   
5,500 
  14,500   

Unamortized 
Premium 
273 
-   
309 
602   
- 
63   
138 
2,124   

 $

Residential real estate loans
- 
Other commercial and industrial loans
- 
Home equity lines of credit
- 
Automobile loans
230 
Unsecured consumer loan pool 1
- 
Unsecured consumer loan pool 2
- 
Unsecured consumer loans pool 3
- 
- 
Unsecured consumer loans pool 4
As  of  December  31,  2021  and  December  31,  2020,  residential  mortgage  loans  with  a  carrying  value  of  $123.2  million  and  $115.6 
million, respectively, have been pledged by the Company to the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”) under a blanket 
collateral agreement to secure the Company’s line of credit and term borrowings.

100%   
100%  
100%   
90%  
100%   
59%  
100%   
68%  

51 
39   
275 
1,257   
76 
2,246   
2,958 
619   

Maturity 
Range
  17-25 years
5-9 years 
3-29 years
0-6 years 
3-6 years
2-4 years 
0-6 years
25 years 

- 99 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Risk Characteristics of Portfolio Segments

Each portfolio segment generally carries its own unique risk characteristics.

The residential mortgage loan segment is impacted by general economic conditions, unemployment rates in the Bank’s service area, 
real  estate  values  and  the  forward  expectation  of  improvement  or  deterioration  in  economic  conditions.    First  and  second  lien 
residential mortgages, acquired via purchase are impacted by general economic conditions, unemployment rates in the general areas in 
which the loan collateral is located, real estate values in those areas and the forward expectation of improvement or deterioration in 
economic conditions. 

The commercial loan segment is impacted by general economic conditions but, more specifically, the industry segment in which each 
borrower  participates.  Unique  competitive  changes  within  a  borrower’s  specific  industry,  or  geographic  location  could  cause 
significant changes in the borrower’s revenue stream, and therefore, impact its ability to repay its obligations.  Commercial real estate 
is also subject to general economic conditions but changes within this segment typically lag changes seen within the consumer and 
commercial segment.  Included within this portfolio are both owner occupied real estate, in which the borrower occupies the majority 
of  the  real  estate  property  and  upon  which  the  majority  of  the  sources  of  repayment  of  the  obligation  is  dependent  upon,  and  non-
owner occupied real estate, in which several tenants comprise the repayment source for this portfolio segment.  The composition and 
competitive  position  of  the  tenant  structure  may  cause  adverse  changes  in  the  repayment  of  debt  obligations  for  the  non-owner 
occupied class within this segment.

The  consumer  loan  segment  is  impacted  by  general  economic  conditions,  unemployment  rates  in  the  geographic  areas  in  which 
borrowers and loan collateral are located, and the forward expectation of improvement or deterioration in economic conditions.

Real estate loans, including residential mortgages, commercial real estate loans and home equity, comprised 68% of the total loans 
held in the portfolio in 2021 and 2020, respectively.  Loans secured by real estate generally provide strong collateral protection and 
thus significantly reduce the inherent credit risk in the portfolio.

Management has reviewed its loan portfolio and determined that, to the best of its knowledge, little or no exposure exists to sub-prime 
or other high-risk residential mortgages.  The Company is not in the practice of originating these types of loans.

Description of Credit Quality Indicators

The Company utilizes an eight tier risk rating system to evaluate the quality of its loan portfolio.  Loans that are risk rated “1” through 
“4” are considered “Pass” loans.  In accordance with regulatory guidelines, loans rated “5” through “8” are termed “criticized” loans 
and loans rated “6” through “8” are termed “classified” loans.  A description of the Company’s credit quality indicators follows.

For Commercial Loans:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Prime: A loan that is fully secured by properly margined Pathfinder Bank deposit account(s) or an obligation of the US 
Government.    It  may  also  be  unsecured  if  it  is  supported  by  a  very  strong  financial  condition  and,  in  the  case  of  a 
commercial  loan,  excellent  management.    There  exists  an  unquestioned  ability  to  repay  the  loan  in  accordance  with  its 
terms.

Strong:  Desirable  relationship  of  somewhat  less  stature  than  Prime  grade.    Possesses  a  sound  documented  repayment 
source, and back up, which will allow repayment within the terms of the loan.  Individual loans backed by solid assets, 
character  and  integrity.    Ability  of  individual  or  company  management  is  good  and  well  established.    Probability  of 
serious financial deterioration is unlikely.

Satisfactory: Stable financial condition with cash flow sufficient for debt service coverage.  Satisfactory loans of average 
strength having some deficiency or vulnerability to changing economic or industry conditions but performing as agreed 
with  documented  evidence  of  repayment  capacity.    May  be  unsecured  loans  to  borrowers  with  satisfactory  credit  and 
financial strength.  Satisfactory provisions for management succession and a secondary source of repayment exists.

Satisfactory  Watch:  A  four  is  not  a  criticized  or  classified  credit.  These  credits  do  not  display  the  characteristics  of  a 
criticized  asset  as  defined  by  the  regulatory  definitions.  A  credit  is  given  a  Satisfactory  Watch  designation  if  there  are 
matters  or  trends  observed  deserving  attention  somewhat  beyond  normal  monitoring.    Borrowing  obligations  may  be 
handled  according  to  agreement  but  could  be  adversely  impacted  by  developing  factors  such  as  industry  conditions, 
operating problems, pending litigation of a significant nature or declining collateral quality and adequacy.

Special  Mention:  A  warning  risk  grade  that  portrays  one  or  more  weaknesses  that  may  be  tolerated  in  the  short  term.  
Assets in this category are currently protected but are potentially weak.  This loan would not normally be booked as a new 
credit,  but  may  have  redeeming  characteristics  persuading  the  Bank  to  continue  working  with  the  borrower.    Loans 

- 100 -

6.

7.

8.

accorded  this  classification  have  potential  weaknesses  which  may,  if  not  checked  or  corrected,  weaken  the  company’s 
assets, inadequately protect the Bank’s position or effect the orderly, scheduled reduction of the debt at some future time.

Substandard: The relationship is inadequately protected by the current net worth and cash flow capacity of the borrower, 
guarantor/endorser, or of the collateral pledged.  Assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the 
orderly  liquidation  of  the  debt.    The  relationship  shows  deteriorating  trends  or  other  deficient  areas.    The  loan  may  be 
nonperforming and expected to remain so for the foreseeable future.  Relationship balances may be adequately secured by 
asset  value;  however  a  deteriorated  financial  condition  may  necessitate  collateral  liquidation  to  effect  repayment.    This 
would also include any relationship with an unacceptable financial condition requiring excessive attention of the officer 
due to the nature of the credit risk or lack of borrower cooperation.

Doubtful:  The  relationship  has  all  the  weaknesses  inherent  in  a  credit  graded  5  with  the  added  characteristic  that  the 
weaknesses  make  collection  on  the  basis  of  currently  existing  facts,  conditions  and  value,  highly  questionable  or 
improbable.  The possibility of some loss is extremely high, however its classification as an anticipated loss is deferred 
until a more exact determination of the extent of loss is determined.  Loans in this category must be on nonaccrual.

Loss: Loans are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as bankable assets is not warranted.  It is 
not practicable or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be possible 
in the future.

For Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans:

Residential mortgage and consumer loans are assigned a “Pass” rating unless the loan has demonstrated signs of weakness as indicated 
by the ratings below.

5.

6.

7.

Special Mention: All loans sixty days past due are classified Special Mention. The loan is not upgraded until it has been 
current for six consecutive months.

Substandard: All loans 90 days past due are classified Substandard. The loan is not upgraded until it has been current for 
six consecutive months.

Doubtful:  The  relationship  has  all  the  weaknesses  inherent  in  a  credit  graded  5  with  the  added  characteristic  that  the 
weaknesses  make  collection  on  the  basis  of  currently  existing  facts,  conditions  and  value,  highly  questionable  or 
improbable. The possibility of some loss is extremely high.

The  risk  ratings  for  classified  loans  are  evaluated  at  least  quarterly  for  commercial  loans  or  when  credit  deficiencies  arise,  such  as 
delinquent loan payments, for commercial, residential mortgage or consumer loans.  See further discussion of risk ratings in Note 1.

The following table presents the segments and classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the criticized 
and classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company's internal risk rating system:

(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Construction
Loans held-for-sale

Total residential mortgage loans
Commercial loans:
Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Paycheck Protection Program loans
Tax exempt loans
Total commercial loans
Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans
Total loans

As of  December 31, 2021

Special 
  Mention 

Pass 

  Substandard 

Doubtful 

Total 

269    $
-     
-     
269     

9,879     
4,036     
3,907     
-     
-     
17,822     

133     
44     
177     
18,268    $

811    $
-     
-     
811     

10,604     
3,387     
8,321     
-     
-     
22,312     

606     
77     
683     
23,806    $

531    $
-     
-     
531     

579     
53     
188     
-     
-     
820     

258     
8     
266     
1,617    $

240,434 
6,329 
513 
247,276 

288,450 
61,884 
69,135 
19,338 
5,811 
444,618 

31,737 
110,108 
141,845 
833,739  

  $

  $

238,823    $
6,329     
513     
245,665     

267,388     
54,408     
56,719     
19,338     
5,811     
403,664     

30,740     
109,979     
140,719     
790,048    $

- 101 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Construction
Loans held-for-sale

Total residential mortgage loans
Commercial loans:
Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Paycheck Protection Program loans
Tax exempt loans
Total commercial loans
Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans
Total loans

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

As of  December 31, 2020

Special 
  Mention 

Pass 

  Substandard 

Doubtful 

Total 

  $

  $

222,386    $
6,681     
1,526     
230,593     

267,736     
40,733     
65,441     
60,643     
7,166     
441,719     

37,926     
70,502     
108,428     
780,740    $

1,151    $
-     
-     
1,151     

9,541     
5,132     
4,770     
-     
-     
19,443     

54     
104     
158     
20,752    $

3,196    $
-     
-     
3,196     

8,615     
3,154     
8,153     
-     
-     
19,922     

411     
218     
629     
23,747    $

452    $
-     
-     
452     

379     
84     
265     
-     
-     
728     

233     
81     
314     
1,494    $

227,185 
6,681 
1,526 
235,392 

286,271 
49,103 
78,629 
60,643 
7,166 
481,812 

38,624 
70,905 
109,529 
826,733  

Loans are placed on nonaccrual when the contractual payment of principal and interest has become 90 days past due or management 
has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan may be performing.

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received within thirty days of the payment 
due date.

An age analysis of past due loans, not including net deferred loan costs, segregated by portfolio segment and class of loans, for the 
years ended December 31, are detailed in the following tables:

As of  December 31, 2021

(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

  30-59 Days    60-89 Days    90 Days    
and   

Past Due   
  and Accruing   and Accruing   

Past Due   

    Total Loans 
Over    Past Due    Current    Receivable 

Total    

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Construction
Loans held-for-sale

 $

Total residential mortgage loans
Commercial loans:
Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Paycheck Protection Program loans
Tax exempt loans
Total commercial loans
Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans
Total loans

 $

960  $
-   
-   
960   

1,735   
156   
1,799   
-   
-    
3,691   

17   
571   
588   
5,239  $

416  $
-    
-    
416   

891   $
-    
-    
891    

2,268   $ 238,166   $
6,329    
513    
2,268     245,008    

-    
-    

240,434 
6,329 
513 
247,276 

1,029   
1,180   
1,686   
-   
-    
3,895   

4,379    
576    
1,056    
-    
-    
6,011    

7,143     281,307    
59,971    
1,913    
64,594    
4,541    
19,338    
-    
5,811    
-    
13,597     431,021    

288,450 
61,884 
69,135 
19,338 
5,811 
444,618 

49   
257   
306   
4,617  $

317    

31,420    
251    
1,680     108,428    
852    
1,103    
1,998     139,847    
8,006   $ 17,862   $ 815,877   $

31,737 
110,108 
141,845 
833,739 

- 102 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
 
 
  
    
    
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
 
    
     
     
      
      
      
 
(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

As of  December 31, 2020

  30-59 Days    60-89 Days    90 Days    
and   

Past Due   
  and Accruing   and Accruing   

Past Due   

    Total Loans 
Over    Past Due    Current    Receivable 

Total    

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Construction
Loans held-for-sale

 $

Total residential mortgage loans
Commercial loans:
Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Paycheck Protection Program loans
Tax exempt loans
Total commercial loans
Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans
Total loans

 $

1,250  $
-   
-   
1,250   

480   
734   
441   
170   
-    
1,825   

248   
443   
691   
3,766  $

Year-end nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loan, were as follows:

(In thousands)
Residential mortgage loans:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages

Total residential mortgage loans
Commercial loans:

Real estate
Lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial

Total commercial loans
Consumer loans:

Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Total consumer loans
Total nonaccrual loans

570  $
-    
-    
570   

1,098  $
-    
-    
1,098   

2,918  $ 224,267  $
6,681   
1,526   
2,918    232,474   

-   
-   

227,185 
6,681 
1,526 
235,392 

913   
1,870   
1,717   
-   
-    
4,500   

78   
252   
330   
5,400  $

2,511   
194   
1,691   
-   
-    
4,396   

3,904    282,367   
46,305   
2,798   
74,780   
3,849   
60,473   
170   
7,166   
-   
10,721    471,091   

799   
882   

473   
187   
660   

37,825   
70,023   
1,681    107,848   
6,154  $ 15,320  $ 811,413  $

286,271 
49,103 
78,629 
60,643 
7,166 
481,812 

38,624 
70,905 
109,529 
826,733 

December 31, 
2021 

December 31, 
2020 

  $

  $

891    $
891   

4,407   
629   
1,261   
6,297   

252   
852   
1,104   
8,292    $

2,608 
2,608 

11,286 
194 
6,498 
17,978 

473 
274 
747 
21,333  

There were no loans past due ninety days or more and still accruing interest at December 31, 2021 or 2020.

The Company is required to disclose certain activities related to Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) in accordance with accounting 
guidance.  Certain  loans  have  been  modified  in  a  TDR  where  economic  concessions  have  been  granted  to  a  borrower  who  is 
experiencing,  or  expected  to  experience,  financial  difficulties.  These  economic  concessions  could  include  a  reduction  in  the  loan 
interest rate, extension of payment terms, reduction of principal amortization, or other actions that it would not otherwise consider for 
a new loan with similar risk characteristics.

The Company is required to disclose new TDRs for each reporting period for which an income statement is being presented.  Pre-
modification  outstanding  recorded  investment  is  the  principal  loan  balance  less  the  provision  for  loan  losses  before  the  loan  was 
modified as a TDR.  Post-modification outstanding recorded investment is the principal balance less the provision for loan losses after 
the loan was modified as a TDR.  Additional provision for loan losses is the change in the allowance for loan losses between the pre-
modification outstanding recorded investment and post-modification outstanding recorded investment.

- 103 -

 
 
 
 
     
     
  
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
 
    
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below details loans that had been modified as TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2021.

(In thousands)

Commercial real estate loans
Commercial and industrial loans
Residential mortgages
Consumer loans

For the year ended December 31, 2021
Post-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment

Pre-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment

Additional
provision
for loan
losses

Number of 
loans

1    $
1     
3     
1     

675    $
200     
453     
443     

675    $
675     
459     
504     

- 
- 
- 
-  

The  TDR's  evaluated  for  impairment  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  have  been  classified  as  TDRs  due  to  economic 
concessions  granted,  which  include  reductions  in  the  stated  interest  rates  or  an  extended  maturity  date  that  will  result  in  a  delay  in 
payment  from  the  original  contractual  maturity.  One  loan  has  been  granted  four  deferrals  and  based  on  the  known  history  of  the 
borrower, Management has determined this loan to be a TDR. 

The table below details loans that have been modified as TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2020.

(In thousands)

Commercial real estate loans
Commercial and industrial loans

For the year ended December 31, 2020
Post-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment

Pre-modification
outstanding
recorded
investment

Additional
provision
for loan
losses

Number of 
loans

1    $
2     

1,234    $
397     

1,234    $
427     

- 
129  

The  TDR's  evaluated  for  impairment  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  have  been  classified  as  TDRs  due  to  economic 
concessions  granted,  which  include  reductions  in  the  stated  interest  rates  or  an  extended  maturity  date  that  will  result  in  a  delay  in 
payment from the original contractual maturity. 

The  Company  is  required  to  disclose  loans  that  have  been  modified  as  TDRs  within  the  previous  12  months  in  which  there  was 
payment default after the restructuring.  The Company defines payment default as any loans 90 days past due on contractual payments.

The  Company  had  no  loans  that  had  been  modified  as  TDRs  during  the  twelve  months  prior  to  December  31,  2021,  which  had 
subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2021.

The  Company  had  no  loans  that  had  been  modified  as  TDRs  during  the  twelve  months  prior  to  December  31,  2020,  which  had 
subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2020.

When the Company modifies a loan within a portfolio segment that is individually evaluated for impairment, a potential impairment is 
analyzed either based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the interest rate of the original loan terms or 
the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. If it is determined that the value of the loan is less than its recorded investment, then 
impairment is recognized as a component of the provision for loan losses, an associated increase to the allowance for loan losses or as 
a charge-off to the allowance for loan losses in the current period.

- 104 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
Impaired Loans

The following table summarizes impaired loans information by portfolio class:

(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Commercial real estate
Commercial lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer

With an allowance recorded:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Commercial real estate
Commercial lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer

Total:

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Commercial real estate
Commercial lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer
Totals

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

  Recorded 
  Investment 

Unpaid 
  Principal 
  Balance 

Related 
  Allowance 

  Recorded 
 Investment 

Unpaid 
  Principal 
  Balance 

Related 
  Allowance 

  $

666    $
4,708     
100     
357     
93     
-     

539     
2,450     
53     
1,852     
539     
-     

666    $
4,801     
104     
396     
93     
-     

539     
2,450     
53     
1,852     
539     
-     

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     

665    $
11,053     
-     
5,114     
75     
81     

665    $
11,136     
-     
5,132     
75     
81     

90     
300     
53     
1,318     
114     
-     

1,182     
1,729     
925 
1,864     
142     
-     

1,182     
1,729     
925 
1,864     
142     
-     

1,205     
7,158     
153     
2,209     
632     
-     
11,357    $

1,205     
7,251     
157     
2,248     
632     
-     
11,493    $

90     
300     
53     
1,318     
114     
-     
1,875    $

1,847     
12,782     
925     
6,978     
217     
81     
22,830    $

1,847     
12,865     
925     
6,996     
217     
81     
22,931    $

  $

The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans for years ended December 31:

 (In thousands)

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Commercial real estate
Commercial lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer

Total

  $

  $

2021 
1,439 
9,538 
640 
5,041 
516 
50 
17,224 

 $

 $

The following table presents the cash basis interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31:

 (In thousands)

1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages
Commercial real estate
Commercial lines of credit
Other commercial and industrial
Home equity and junior liens
Other consumer

Total

  $

  $

2021 
62 
285 
10 
180 
6 
- 
543 

 $

 $

- 105 -

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

205 
231 
925 
1,278 
142 
- 

205 
231 
925 
1,278 
142 
- 
2,781  

2020 
1,647 
6,327 
360 
2,448 
219 
86 
11,087  

2020 
75 
360 
67 
191 
6 
6 
705  

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
   
  
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
NOTE 6: ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and information pertaining to the allocation 
of the allowance for loan losses and balances of the allowance for loan losses and loans receivable based on individual and collective 
impairment evaluation by loan portfolio class at the indicated dates are summarized in the tables below.  An allocation of a portion of 
the allowance to a given portfolio class does not limit the Company’s ability to absorb losses in another portfolio class.

(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning Balance
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provisions (credits)

Ending balance
Ending balance: related to loans
   individually evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: related to loans
  collectively evaluated for impairment
Loans receivables:
Ending balance
Ending balance: individually
   evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: collectively
   evaluated for impairment

Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning Balance
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provisions
Ending balance
Ending balance: related to loans
   individually evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: related to loans
  collectively evaluated for impairment
Loans receivables:
Ending balance
Ending balance: individually
   evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: collectively
   evaluated for impairment

December 31, 2021

  1-4 family 
first-lien 
residential 
  mortgage 

 Construction 

 Commercial 
real estate 

  Commercial 
 lines of credit 

Other 
  commercial 
 and industrial 

  Paycheck 
  Protection 
  Program 

  $

  $

  $

  $

931    $
(20)    
-     
(39)    
872    $

90    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-    $

-    $

4,776    $
(7)    
-     
539     
5,308    $

1,670    $
(50)    
69     
(754)    
935    $

2,992    $
(707)    
1     
476     
2,762    $

300    $

53    $

1,318    $

782    $

-    $

5,008    $

882    $

1,444    $

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

  $ 240,434    $

6,329    $

288,450    $

61,884    $

69,135    $

19,338 

  $

1,205    $

-    $

7,158    $

153    $

2,209    $

- 

  $ 239,229    $

6,329    $

281,292    $

61,731    $

66,926    $

19,338  

  Tax exempt 

  Home equity 
 and junior liens 

Other 
consumer 

  Unallocated (1) 

Total 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

1    $
-     
-     
2     
3    $

-    $

3    $

739    $
-     
-     
35     
774    $

1,123    $
(240)    
88     
326     
1,297    $

545    $
-     
-     
438     
983    $

12,777 
(1,024)
158 
1,022 
12,935 

114    $

-    $

-    $

1,875 

660    $

1,297    $

983    $

11,060 

5,811    $

31,737    $

110,108    $

513    $

833,739 

-    $

632    $

-    $

-    $

11,357 

5,811    $

31,105    $

110,108    $

513    $

822,382  

(1) The  ending  balance  of  the  loans  receivable  for  the  unallocated  portion  of  the  allowance  includes  loans  held-for-sale.    At 
December  31,  2021,  the  Bank  had  loans  held-for-sale  with  a  principal  balance  of  $513,000.  These  loans  were  still  part  of  the 
portfolio  as  of  December  31,  2021.    Based  on  ASC  948,  Mortgage  Banking,  loans  shall  be  classified  as  held-for-sale  once  a 
decision has been made to sell the loans and shall be transferred to the held-for-sale category at lower of cost or fair value.

- 106 -

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning Balance
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provisions (credits)

Ending balance
Ending balance: related to loans
   individually evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: related to loans
  collectively evaluated for impairment
Loans receivables:
Ending balance
Ending balance: individually
   evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: collectively
   evaluated for impairment

Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning Balance
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provisions
Ending balance
Ending balance: related to loans
   individually evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: related to loans
  collectively evaluated for impairment
Loans receivables:
Ending balance
Ending balance: individually
   evaluated for impairment
Ending balance: collectively
   evaluated for impairment

December 31, 2020

  1-4 family 
first-lien 
residential 
  mortgage 

 Construction 

 Commercial 
real estate 

  Commercial 
 lines of credit 

Other 
  commercial 
 and industrial 

  Paycheck 
  Protection 
  Program 

  $

  $

  $

  $

580    $
(125)    
2     
474     
931    $

205    $

726    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-    $

-    $

4,010    $
-     
-     
766     
4,776    $

1,195    $
(101)    
4     
572     
1,670    $

1,645    $
(121)    
-     
1,468     
2,992    $

231    $

925    $

1,278    $

-    $

4,545    $

745    $

1,714    $

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

  $ 227,185    $

6,681    $

286,271    $

49,103    $

78,629    $

60,643 

  $

1,847    $

-    $

12,782    $

925    $

6,978    $

- 

  $ 225,338    $

6,681    $

273,489    $

48,178    $

71,651    $

60,643  

  Tax exempt 

  Home equity 
 and junior liens 

Other 
consumer 

  Unallocated (1) 

Total 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

1    $
-     
-     
-     
1    $

-    $

1    $

553    $
(28)    
29     
185     
739    $

413    $
(325)    
66     
969     
1,123    $

272    $
-     
-     
273     
545    $

8,669 
(700)
101 
4,707 
12,777 

142    $

-    $

-    $

2,781 

597    $

1,123    $

545    $

9,996 

7,166    $

38,624    $

70,905    $

1,526    $

826,733 

-    $

217    $

81    $

-    $

22,830 

7,166    $

38,407    $

70,824    $

1,526    $

803,903  

(1)

The ending balance of the loans receivable for the unallocated portion of the allowance includes loans held-for-sale.  At December 31, 2020, the 
Bank  had  loans  held-for-sale  with  a  principal  balance  of  $1.5  million.  These  loans  were  still  part  of  the  portfolio  as  of  December  31,  2020.  
Based on ASC 948, Mortgage Banking, loans shall be classified as held-for-sale once a decision has been made to sell the loans and shall be 
transferred to the held-for-sale category at lower of cost or fair value.

The Company’s methodology for determining its allowance for loan losses includes an analysis of qualitative factors that are added to 
the historical loss rates in arriving at the total allowance for loan losses needed for this general pool of loans.  The qualitative factors 
include:
•

Changes in national and local economic trends; 

•

•

•

•

The rate of growth in the portfolio;

Trends of delinquencies and nonaccrual balances; 

Changes in loan policy; and 

Changes in lending management experience and related staffing.

- 107 -

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
Each  factor  is  assigned  a  value  to  reflect  improving,  stable  or  declining  conditions  based  on  management’s  best  judgment  using 
relevant  information  available  at  the  time  of  the  evaluation.    These  qualitative  factors,  applied  to  each  product  class,  make  the 
evaluation inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information 
becomes  available.    Adjustments  to  the  factors  are  supported  through  documentation  of  changes  in  conditions  in  a  narrative 
accompanying  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  analysis  and  calculation.    As  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  Company’s 
management extensively reviewed a broad array of econometric projections and the potential effect of changes in those projections on 
anticipated loan performance.  As a result, certain qualitative factors were substantially modified during 2021 in order to determine the 
adequacy of the allowance for loan losses during the year and at December 31, 2021.  

The allocation of the allowance for loan losses summarized on the basis of the Company’s calculation methodology was as follows:

(In thousands)
Specifically reserved
Historical loss rate
Qualitative factors

Total

Specifically reserved
Historical loss rate
Qualitative factors
Other
Total

(In thousands)
Specifically reserved
Historical loss rate
Qualitative factors

Total

Specifically reserved
Historical loss rate
Qualitative factors
Other

Total

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

December 31, 2021

1-4 family 
first-lien 
residential 
mortgage 

  Construction 

  Commercial 
real estate 

  Commercial 
  lines of credit 

90    $
82     
700     
872    $

-    $
-     
-     
-    $

300    $
2     
5,006     
5,308    $

Other 
commercial 
  and industrial 
1,319 
227 
1,217 
2,762  

53    $
25     
857     
935    $

Tax exempt 

  Home equity 
 and junior liens 

Other 
consumer 

  Unallocated 

-    $
-     
3     
-     
3    $

114    $
324     
336     
-     
774    $

-    $
1,028     
269     
-     
1,297    $

December 31, 2020

-    $
-     
-     
983     
983    $

Total 
1,876 
1,688 
8,388 
983 
12,935  

1-4 family 
first-lien 
residential 
mortgage 

  Construction 

  Commercial 
real estate 

  Commercial 
  lines of credit 

205    $
88     
638     
931    $

-    $
-     
-     
-    $

231    $
80     
4,465     
4,776    $

Other 
commercial 
  and industrial 
1,278 
56 
1,658 
2,992  

925    $
92     
653     
1,670    $

Tax exempt 

  Home equity 
 and junior liens 

-    $
-     
1     
-     
1    $

142    $
325     
272     
-     
739    $

Other 
  Unallocated 
consumer 
- 
 $
863     
260     
-     
1,123    $

-    $
-     
-     
545     
545    $

Total 
2,781 
1,504 
7,947 
545 
12,777  

- 108 -

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
NOTE 7: SERVICING

Loans  serviced  for  others  are  not  included  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  condition.    At  December  31,  2021  and 
2020, the Bank serviced 493 and 501 residential mortgage loans for others, respectively. The unpaid principal balances of mortgage 
loans  serviced  for  others  were  $51.1  million  and  $52.9 million  at  December  31,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.    The  balance  of 
capitalized servicing rights included in other assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020, was $379,000 and $373,000, respectively. 

The following summarizes mortgage servicing rights capitalized and amortized:

 (In thousands)
Mortgage servicing rights capitalized
Mortgage servicing rights amortized

NOTE 8: PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

A summary of premises and equipment at December 31, is as follows:

 (In thousands)
Land
Buildings
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
Construction in progress

Less: Accumulated depreciation

  $

  $

  $

2021 

72    $
69     

2020 
407 
54  

2021 
2,434    $
23,000     
16,861     
548     
42,843     
21,184     
21,659    $

2020 
2,454 
21,403 
17,364 
500 
41,721 
19,457 
22,264  

Depreciation expense in 2021 and 2020 was $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively. 

NOTE 9:  FORECLOSED REAL ESTATE

The Company had no foreclosed real estate at December 31, 2021 and 2020.  

NOTE 10: GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is 
evaluated  annually  for  impairment  or  between  annual  evaluations  in  certain  circumstances.  Management  performs  an  annual 
assessment of the Company’s goodwill to determine whether or not any impairment of the carrying value may exist. 

Of the $4.5 million of goodwill carried on the Company’s books as of December 31, 2021, $3.8 million of this amount was due to 
prior periods acquisitions of bank branches and $696,000, initially and currently classified as an identifiable intangible asset, was due 
to the 2013 acquisition of the FitzGibbons Agency by Pathfinder Risk Management Company, Inc. and the 2015 acquisition of the 
Huntington Agency. 

In  2020,  the  Company  retained  expert,  independent  consultants  to  evaluate  the  recorded  goodwill  for  impairment.  The  Company 
updated  those  evaluations  using  internal  modeling  processes  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021.  The  Company  is  permitted  to 
assess market-based, prospective analyses and other qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of 
the reporting unit is less than the carrying value. Based on the results of the assessments made by management, with prior input from 
the  retained  consultants,  it  was  determined  that  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  in  the  amount  of  $4.5  million  is  not  impaired  as  of 
December 31, 2021.

The identifiable intangible asset of $117,000  as of December 31, 2021 was due to the acquisition of the FitzGibbons and Huntington 
Agencies and represents the amortized carrying amount of the customer lists intangible. The weighted average remaining amortization 
period of this intangible asset is 4.2 years.

- 109 -

 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
The gross carrying amount and annual amortization for this identifiable intangible asset are as follows:

(In thousands)
Gross carrying amount
Accumulated amortization
Net amortizing intangibles

December 31,
2021 
243    $
(126)   
117    $

2020 
243 
(110)
133  

  $

  $

The estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years ended December 31, is as follows:

 (In thousands)
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter
Total

  $

  $

16 
16 
16 
16 
16 
37 
117  

NOTE 11: DEPOSITS

A summary of deposits at December 31 is as follows:

 (In thousands)
Savings accounts
Time accounts
Time accounts in excess of $250,000
Money management accounts
MMDA accounts
Demand deposit interest-bearing
Demand deposit noninterest-bearing
Mortgage escrow funds

Total Deposits

2021 
131,176    $
253,564     
67,450     
16,124     
256,963     
130,816     
191,858     
7,395     
1,055,346    $

  $

  $

At December 31, 2021, the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows:

 (In thousands)
Year of Maturity:
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter
Total

  $

  $

- 110 -

2020 
103,093 
305,074 
91,976 
15,650 
227,970 
83,129 
162,057 
6,958 
995,907  

185,868 
39,503 
6,212 
65,288 
21,763 
2,380 
321,014  

 
 
 
 
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition to deposits obtained from its business operations within its target market areas, the Bank also obtains brokered deposits 
through various programs administered by IntraFi Network and through other unaffiliated third-party financial institutions.

(In thousands)
Savings accounts
Time accounts
Time accounts of $250,000 or more
Money management accounts
MMDA accounts
Demand deposit interest-bearing
Demand deposit noninterest-bearing
Mortgage escrow funds

Total Deposits

NOTE 12: BORROWED FUNDS

2021

At December 31,

  Non-Brokered 
  $

  Brokered 

 Non-Brokered 
 $

131,176     
135,804     
67,450     
16,124     
256,963     
90,771     
191,858     
7,395     
897,541    $

     $
117,760     

Total 
131,176 
253,564 
67,450 
16,124 
256,963 
130,816 
191,858 
7,395 
157,805    $ 1,055,346 

40,045     

  $

 $

2020

  Brokered 

103,093    $
135,101     
91,976     
15,650     
227,970     
83,129     
162,057     
6,958     
825,934    $

-    $
169,973     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
169,973    $

Total 
103,093 
305,074 
91,976 
15,650 
227,970 
83,129 
162,057 
6,958 
995,907  

The composition of borrowings (excluding subordinated loans) at December 31 is as follows:

 (In thousands)
Short-term:

FHLB advances

Total short-term borrowings

Long-term:

FHLB advances

Total long-term borrowings

2021 

12,500    $
12,500    $

2020 

4,020 
4,020 

64,598    $
64,598    $

78,030 
78,030  

  $
  $

  $
  $

The  principal  balances,  interest  rates  and  maturities  of  the  outstanding  long-term  borrowings,  all  of  which  are  at  a  fixed  rate,  at 
December 31, 2021 are as follows:

Term
(Dollars in thousands)
Advances with FHLB
Due within 1 year
Due within 2 years
Due within 10 years

Total advances with FHLB
Total long-term fixed rate borrowings

Principal 

Rates

  $

  $
  $

0.27 - 2.55%
0.34 - 3.17%
0.39-1.23%

18,227   
12,006   
34,365   
64,598     
64,598     

At December 31, 2021, scheduled repayments of long-term debt are as follows:

 (In thousands)
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026

Total

  $

  $

18,227 
12,006 
15,413 
17,252 
1,700 
64,598  

The Company has access to FHLBNY advances, under which it can borrow at various terms and interest rates.  Residential mortgage 
loans  with  a  carrying  value  of  $123.2  million  and  FHLB  stock  with  a  carrying  value  of  $4.2  million  have  been  pledged  by  the 
Company  under  a  blanket  collateral  agreement  to  secure  the  Company’s  borrowings  at  December  31,  2021.    The  total  outstanding 
indebtedness under borrowing facilities with the FHLB cannot exceed the total value of the assets pledged under the blanket collateral 
agreement.  The Company has a $9.4 million line of credit available at December 31, 2021 with the Federal Reserve Bank of New 
York  through  its  Discount  Window  and  has  pledged  various  corporate  and  municipal  securities  against  the  line.  The  Company  has 
$15.0 million in lines of credit available with two other correspondent banks. $10.0 million of that line of credit is available on an 

- 111 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
 
 
 
     
       
 
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
   
      
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
unsecured basis and the remaining $5.0 million must be collateralized with investment securities. Interest on the lines is determined at 
the time of borrowing.  

NOTE 13: SUBORDINATED LOANS

On October 14, 2020, the Company executed a private placement of $25.0 million of its 5.50% Fixed to Floating Rate non-amortizing 
Subordinated  Loan  (the  “2020  Subordinated  Loan”)  to  certain  qualified  institutional  investors.  The  2020  Subordinated  Loan  has  a 
maturity date of October 15, 2030 and initially bears interest, payable semi-annually, at a fixed annual rate of 5.50% per annum until 
October  15,  2025.    Commencing  on  that  date,  the  interest  rate  applicable  to  the  outstanding  principal  amount  due  will  be  reset 
quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 532 basis 
points,  payable  quarterly  until  maturity.  The  Company  may  redeem  the  2020  Subordinated  Loan  at  par,  in  whole  or  in  part,  at  its 
option, any time after October 15, 2025 (the first redemption date).  The 2020 Subordinated Loan is senior in the Company’s credit 
repayment  hierarchy  only  to  the  Company’s  common  equity  and  preferred  stock  and,  and  any  future  senior  indebtedness  and  is 
intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes for the Company.  The Company paid $783,000 in origination and 
legal  fees  as  part  of  this  transaction.    These  fees  will  be  amortized  over  the  life  of  the  2020  Subordinated  Loan  through  its  first 
redemption  date  using  the  effective  interest  method,  giving  rise  to  an  effective  cost  of  funds  of  6.22%  from  the  issuance  date 
calculated under this method.  Accordingly, interest expense related to this indebtedness of $1.5 million and $327,000 was recorded in 
the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. 

The  Company  has  a  non-consolidated  subsidiary  trust,  Pathfinder  Statutory  Trust  II,  of  which  the  Company  owns  100%  of  the 
common  equity.    The  Trust  issued  $5,000,000  of  30-year  floating  rate  Company-obligated  pooled  capital  securities  of  Pathfinder 
Statutory Trust II (“Floating-Rate Debentures”).  The Company borrowed the proceeds of the capital securities from its subsidiary by 
issuing  floating  rate  junior  subordinated  deferrable  interest  debentures  having  substantially  similar  terms.    The  capital  securities 
mature in 2037 and are treated as Tier 1 capital by the FDIC and FRB.  The capital securities of the trust are a pooled trust preferred 
fund  of  Preferred  Term  Securities  VI,  Ltd.,  whose  interest  rate  resets  quarterly,  and  are  indexed  to  the  3-month  LIBOR  rate  plus 
1.65%.  These securities have a five-year call provision.  The Company paid $94,000 and $124,000 in interest expense related to this 
issuance in 2021 and 2020, respectively.  The Company guarantees all of these securities.  

The Company's equity interest in the trust subsidiary is included in other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
at December 31, 2021 and 2020.  For regulatory reporting purposes, the Federal Reserve has indicated that the preferred securities will 
continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital subject to previously specified limitations, until further notice. If regulators make a determination 
that Trust Preferred Securities can no longer be considered in regulatory capital, the securities become callable and the Company may 
redeem them.

On October 15, 2015, the Company executed a $10.0 million non-amortizing Subordinated Loan (the 2015 Subordinated Loan) with 
an unrelated third party that was scheduled to mature on October 1, 2025. The Company had the right to prepay the 2015 Subordinated 
Loan on the first day of any calendar quarter after October 15, 2020 without penalty. The annual interest rate charged to the Company 
was  6.25%  through  the  maturity  date  of  the  2015  Subordinated  Loan.    The  2015  Subordinated  Loan  was  senior  in  the  Company’s 
credit repayment hierarchy only to the Company’s common equity and preferred stock and, as a result, qualified as Tier 2 capital for 
all future periods when applicable.  The Company paid $172,000 in origination and legal fees as part of this transaction.  These fees 
were  amortized  over  the  life  of  the  2015  Subordinated  Loan  through  its  first  call  date  using  the  effective  interest  method.    The 
effective cost of funds related to this transaction was 6.44% calculated under this method through October 15, 2020 and was 6.25% 
until  the  stated  maturity  date.    On  April  1,  2021  the  Company  redeemed  this  $10.0  million  non-amortizing  subordinated  loan.  The 
terms of the Subordinated Loan required fixed interest payments at an annual interest rate of 6.25% after February 29, 2016 until the 
Loan’s  scheduled  maturity  date.    Interest  expense,  related  to  this  borrowing,  of  $156,000  and  $650,000  was  recorded  in  the  years 
ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

The composition of subordinated loans at December 31 is as follows:

 (In thousands)
Subordinated loans:

Junior subordinated debenture
Subordinated loans
Deferred Financing Charges
Total subordinated loans

2021 

5,155    $
25,000    $
(592)   
29,563    $

  $
  $

  $

2020 

5,155 
35,000 
(755)
39,400  

- 112 -

 
 
   
      
  
   
The principal balances, interest rates and maturities of the subordinated loans at December 31, 2021 are as follows:

Term
(Dollars in thousands)
Subordinated loans:

Due within 9 years
Due within 16 years

Total subordinated loans

Principal 

Rates

  $ 

  $

25,000   
5,155   
30,155   

5.5%

3-Month Libor + 1.65%  

At December 31, 2021, scheduled repayments of the subordinated loans:

 (In thousands)
2022
2023
2024
2025
Thereafter
Total

  $

  $

- 
- 
- 
25,000 
5,155 
30,155  

- 113 -

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 14: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION AND SUPPLEMENTAL RETIREMENT PLANS

The  Company  has  a  noncontributory  defined  benefit  pension  plan  covering  substantially  all  employees.  The  plan  provides  defined 
benefits based on years of service and final average salary. On May 14, 2012, the Company informed its employees of its decision to 
freeze participation and benefit accruals under the plan, primarily to reduce some of the volatility in earnings that can accompany the 
maintenance of a defined benefit plan.  The plan was frozen on June 30, 2012.  Compensation earned by employees up to June 30, 
2012 is used for purposes of calculating benefits under the plan but there will be no future benefit accruals after this date.  Participants 
as  of  June  30,  2012  will  continue  to  earn  vesting  credit  with  respect  to  their  frozen  accrued  benefits  as  they  continue  to  work.  In 
addition,  the  Company  provides  certain  health  and  life  insurance  benefits  for  a  limited  number  of  eligible  retired  employees.    The 
healthcare  plan  is  contributory  with  participants’  contributions  adjusted  annually;  the  life  insurance  plan  is  noncontributory.  
Employees  with  less  than  14  years  of  service  as  of  January  1,  1995,  are  not  eligible  for  the  health  and  life  insurance  retirement 
benefits.

The following tables set forth the changes in the plans’ benefit obligations, fair value of plan assets and the plans’ funded status as of 
December 31:

(In thousands)
Change in benefit obligations:

Benefit obligations at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Plan participants' contribution
Actuarial (gain) loss
Benefits paid

Benefit obligations at end of year
Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Benefits paid
Plan participants' contribution
Employer contributions

Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded (unfunded) status - asset (liability)

Pension Benefits

Postretirement Benefits

2021 

2020 

2021 

2020 

  $

  $

12,967    $
-     
441     
-     
(389)    
(299)    
12,720     

19,274     
1,556     
(299)    
-     
-     
20,531     
7,811    $

11,892    $
-     
466     
-     
873     
(264)    
12,967     

16,985     
2,553     
(264)    
-     
-     
19,274     
6,307    $

369    $
-     
12     
8     
(19)    
(45)    
325     

-     
-     
(45)    
8     
37     
-     
(325)   $

414 
- 
16 
9 
(25)
(45)
369 

- 
- 
(45)
9 
36 
- 
(369)

The  funded  status  of  the  pension  was  recorded  within  other  assets  on  the  statement  of  condition.    The  unfunded  status  of  the 
postretirement plan is recorded within other liabilities on the statement of condition.

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31 are as follows:

(In thousands)
Net loss
Tax Effect

Pension Benefits

Postretirement Benefits

2021 
1,843    $
480     
1,363    $

2020 
2,743    $
716     
2,027    $

2021 

64    $
15     
49    $

2020 
87 
23 
64  

  $

  $

Gains and losses in excess of 10% of the greater of the benefit obligation or the fair value of assets are amortized over the average 
remaining service period of active participants. 

The Company utilized the actual projected cash flows of the participants in both plans for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 
December 31, 2020.  The following points address the approach taken.

1.

2.

An analysis of the defined benefit pension plan’s expected future cash flows and high-quality fixed income investments 
currently  available  and  expected  to  be  available  during  the  period  to  maturity  of  the  pension  benefits  yielded  a  single 
discount rate of 3.71% at December 31, 2021.

An  analysis  of  the  postretirement  health  plan’s  expected  future  cash  flows  and  high-quality  fixed-income  investments 
currently  available  and  expected  to  be  available  during  the  period  to  maturity  of  the  retiree  medical  benefits  yielded  a 
single discount rate of 3.71% at December 31, 2021.

- 114 -

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
3.

Each discount rate was developed by matching the expected future cash flows of the Bank to high quality bonds.  Every 
bond considered has earned ratings of at least AA by Fitch Group, AA by Standard & Poor’s, or Aa2 by Moody’s Investor 
Services.

The accumulated benefit obligation for the defined benefit pension plan was $12.7 million and $13.0 million at December 31, 2021 
and 2020, respectively.  The postretirement plan had an accumulated benefit obligation of $325,000 and $369,000 at December 31, 
2021 and 2020, respectively.

The significant assumptions used in determining the benefit obligations as of December 31, are as follows:

Weighted average discount rate
Rate of increase in future compensation levels

Pension Benefits

Postretirement Benefits

2021 
3.71%   
- 

2020 
3.45%   
- 

2021 
3.71%   
- 

2020 
3.45%
-  

Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the postretirement health care plan.   The 
annual rates of increase in the per capita cost of covered medical and prescription drug benefits for future years were assumed to be 
4.50% for 2021, gradually decreasing to 4.20% in 2025 and remain at that level thereafter.

The composition of the net periodic benefit plan (benefit) cost for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

(In thousands)
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of transition obligation
Amortization of net losses
Amortization of unrecognized past service liability
Net periodic benefit plan (benefit) cost

Pension Benefits

Postretirement Benefits

2021 

-    $
441     
(1,146)    
-     
101     
-     
(604)   $

2020 

-    $
466     
(1,094)    
-     
228     
-     
(400)   $

  $

  $

2021 

-    $
12     
-     
-     
9     
(5)    
16    $

2020 
- 
16 
- 
- 
10 
(5)
21  

The significant assumptions used in determining the net periodic benefit plan cost for years ended December 31, were as follows:

Weighted average discount rate
Expected long term rate of return on plan assets
Rate of increase in future compensation levels

Pension Benefits

Postretirement Benefits

2021 
3.71%   
5.25%   
- 

2020 
3.45%   
6.00%   
- 

2021 
3.71%   
- 
- 

2020 
3.45%
- 
-  

The long term rate of return on assets assumption was set based on historical returns earned by equities and fixed income securities, 
adjusted to reflect expectations of future returns as applied to the plan’s target allocation of asset classes.  Equities and fixed income 
securities  were  assumed  to  earn  real  rates  of  return  in  the  ranges  of  6.0%  to  8.0%  and  3.0%  to  5.0%,  respectively.    The  long-term 
inflation  rate  was  estimated  to  be  2.5%.    When  these  overall  return  expectations  are  applied  to  the  plan’s  target  allocation,  the 
expected rate of return was determined to be in the range of 5.0% to 7.0%.  Management chose to use a 5.25% expected long-term rate 
of return in 2021 and a 5.25% expected long-term rate of return in 2022 reflecting current economic conditions and expected rates of 
return.  Based on the $20.5 million fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2021, each 50 basis point decrease in the expected long-
term  rate  of  return  would  reduce  after  tax  net  income  at  2022  expected  state  and  federal  combined  statutory  tax  rate  of  26.1%  by 
approximately $76,000. 

The  estimated  net  actuarial  loss  that  will  be  amortized  from  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  into  net  periodic  benefit  plan 
income  during  2022  is  $0.    The  estimated  amortization  of  the  unrecognized  transition  obligation  and  actuarial  loss  for  the 
postretirement health plan in 2022 is $7,000.  The expected net periodic benefit plan benefit for 2022 is estimated to be $589,000 for 
both retirement plans in aggregate.  

Plan assets are invested in three diversified investment portfolios of the Pentegra Retirement Trust (the “Trust”, formerly known as 
RSI Retirement Trust), a private placement investment fund.  The Trust has been given discretion by the Plan Sponsor to determine 
the appropriate strategic asset allocation versus plan liabilities, as governed by the Trust’s Investment Policy Statement.  The Plan is 
structured to utilize a Total Return approach which seeks to fund the current and future liabilities of the Plan via long-term growth in 
assets.   

- 115 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
The  Plan’s  asset  allocation  targets  to  hold  48%  of  assets  in  equity  securities  via  investment  in  the  Long-Term  Growth  –  Equity 
Portfolio  (‘LTGE’),  16%  in  intermediate-term  investment  grade  bonds  via  investment  in  the  Long-Term  Growth  –  Fixed-Income 
Portfolio  (‘LTGFI’),  35%  in  long  duration  bonds  via  the  Liability  Focused  Fixed-Income  Portfolio  (‘LFFI’),    and  1%  in  a  cash 
equivalents portfolio (for liquidity).

LTGE is a diversified portfolio that invests in a number of actively and passively managed equity-focused mutual funds and collective 
investment  trusts.    The  Portfolio  holds  a  diversified  mix  of  equity  funds  in  order  to  gain  exposure  to  the  U.S.  and  non-U.S.  equity 
markets.  LTGFI is a diversified portfolio that invests in a number of fixed-income mutual funds and collective investment trusts.  The 
Portfolio invests primarily in intermediate-term bond funds with a focus on Core Plus fixed-income investment approaches.  LFFI is a 
diversified high quality fixed-income portfolio that currently invests in passively managed collective investment trusts that hold long 
duration bonds.  

The investment objectives, investment strategies and risks of each of the daily valued and unitized Portfolios and the funds held within 
the Portfolios are detailed in the Private Placement Memorandum and the Trust’s Investment Policy Statement.

The overall long-term investment objectives are to maintain plan assets at a level that will sufficiently cover long-term obligations and 
to generate a return on plan assets that will meet or exceed the rate at which long-term obligations will grow.  The LTGE and LTGFI 
Portfolios are designed to provide long-term growth of equity and fixed-income assets with the objective of achieving an investment 
return in excess of the cost of funding the active life, deferred vested, and all 30-year term and longer obligations of retired lives in the 
Trust.  The LFFI Portfolio is designed to fund the Trust’s estimated retired lives class of liabilities for 30 years.  The ALT Strategy is 
designed to add diversification via the addition of relatively low correlation assets.  Risk/volatility is further managed by the distinct 
investment objectives of each of the Trust’s Portfolios.  

Pension plan assets measured at fair value are summarized below:

(In thousands)
Asset Category:
Mutual Funds - Equity
Large-cap value (a)
Large-cap Growth (b)
Large-cap Core (c)
Mid-cap Value (d)
Mid-cap Growth (e)
Mid-cap Core (f)
Small-cap Value (g)
Small-cap Growth (h)
Small-cap Core (i)
International Equity (j)

Equity -Total

Fixed Income Funds

Fixed Income - US Core (k)
Intermediate Duration (l)
Long Duration (m)

Fixed Income-Total

Cash Equivalents-Money market*
Total

At December 31, 2021

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total Fair
Value 

  $

  $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
49     
49    $

1,763    $
1,946     
1,234     
475     
442     
398     
222     
533     
332     
2,651     
9,996     

2,380     
4,249     
3,521     
10,150     
336     
20,482    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

1,763 
1,946 
1,234 
475 
442 
398 
222 
533 
332 
2,651 
9,996 

2,380 
4,249 
3,521 
10,150 
385 
20,531  

- 116 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
(In thousands)
Asset Category:
Mutual Funds - Equity
Large-cap value (a)
Large-cap Growth (b)
Large-cap Core (c)
Mid-cap Value (d)
Mid-cap Growth (e)
Mid-cap Core (f)
Small-cap Value (g)
Small-cap Growth (h)
Small-cap Core (i)
International Equity (j)

Equity -Total

Fixed Income Funds

Fixed Income - US Core (k)
Intermediate Duration (l)
Long Duration (m)

Fixed Income-Total

Cash Equivalents-Money market*
Total

At December 31, 2020

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total Fair
Value 

  $

  $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
39     
39    $

1,830    $
1,813     
1,194     
356     
498     
403     
261     
684     
268     
2,543     
9,850     

2,497     
3,746     
2,968     
9,211     
174     
19,235    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

1,830 
1,813 
1,194 
356 
498 
403 
261 
684 
268 
2,543 
9,850 

2,497 
3,746 
2,968 
9,211 
213 
19,274  

*Includes cash equivalents investments in equity and fixed income strategies

a) This category contains large-cap stocks with above-average yield.  The portfolio typically holds between 60 and 70 stocks.
b) This category seeks long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in large growth companies based in the U.S.
c) This  fund  tracks  the  performance  of  the  S&P  500  index  by  purchasing  the  securities  represented  in  the  index  in 

approximately the same weightings as the index.

d) This category employs an indexing investment approach designed to track the performance of the CRSP US Mid-Cap Value 

Index.

e) This  category  employs  an  indexing  investment  approach  designed  to  track  the  performance  of  the  CRSP  US  Mid-Cap 

Growth Index.

f) This category seeks to track the performance of the S&P Midcap 400 Index.
g) This category consists of a selection of investments based on the Russell 2000 Value Index.
h) This category consists of a mutual fund invested in small capitalization growth companies along with a fund invested in a 

selection of investments based on the Russell 2000 Growth Index.

i) This  category  consists  of  a  mutual  fund  investing  in  readily  marketable  securities  of  U.S.  companies  with  market 

capitalizations within the smallest 10% of the market universe, or smaller than the 1000th largest US company.

j) This category invests primarily in medium to large non-US companies in developed and emerging markets.  Under normal 
circumstances, at least 80% of total assets will be invested in equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks, 
and convertible securities.

k) This category currently includes equal investments in three mutual funds, two of which usually hold at least 80% of fund 
assets  in  investment  grade  fixed  income  securities,  seeking  to  outperform  the  Barclays  US  Aggregate  Bond  Index  while 
maintaining  a  similar  duration  to  that  index.    The  third  fund  targets  investments  of  50%  or  more  in  mortgage-backed 
securities guaranteed by the US government and its agencies.

l) This  category  consists  mostly  of  a  fund  which  seeks  to  track  the  Barclays  Capital  US  Corporate  A  or  Better  5-20  Year, 

Bullets only Index, along with a diversified mutual fund holding fixed income securities rated A or better.

m) This  category  consists  of  a  fund  that  seeks  to  approximate  the  performance  of  the  Barclays  Capital  US  Corporate  A  or 

Better, 20+ Year Bullets Only Index over the long term.

- 117 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
For the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, the Company expects to contribute approximately $36,000 to the postretirement plan.  

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid from both retirement 
plans:

(In thousands)
Years ending December 31:
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Pension
  Benefits

    Postretirement    
Benefits

Total

  $

397    $
471     
501     
563     
628     
3,566     

36    $
24     
23     
22     
21     
113     

433   
495   
524   
585   
649   
3,679   

The Company also offers a 401(k) plan to its employees.  Contributions to this plan by the Company were $414,000 and $395,000 for 
2021 and 2020, respectively.  In addition, the Company made $314,000 and $293,000 of safe harbor contributions to the plan in 2021 
and 2020, respectively.

The  Company  maintains  optional  deferred  compensation  plans  for  its  directors  and  certain  executive  officers,  whereby  fees  and 
income normally received are deferred and paid by the Company based upon a payment schedule commencing between the ages of 65 
and 70 and continuing monthly for 10 years. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, other liabilities include approximately $3.0 million and 
$3.0 million, respectively, relating to deferred compensation.  Deferred compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021 
and 2020 amounted to approximately $349,000 and $359,000, respectively.

To assist in the funding of the Company’s benefits under the supplemental executive retirement plan and deferred compensation plans, 
the Company is the owner of single premium life insurance policies on selected participants.  At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the 
cash surrender values of these policies were $23.4 million and $17.9 million, respectively.  

The  Bank  adopted  a  Defined  Contribution  Supplemental  Executive  Retirement  Plan  (the  “SERP”),  effective  January  1,  2014.    The 
SERP benefits certain key senior executives of the Bank who are selected by the Board to participate, including our named executive 
officers.    The  SERP  is  intended  to  provide  a  benefit  from  the  Bank  upon  retirement,  death,  disability  or  voluntary  or  involuntary 
termination  of  service  (other  than  “for  cause”),  subject  to  the  requirements  of  Section  409A  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code.  
Accordingly,  the  SERP  obligates  the  Bank  to  make  a  contribution  to  each  executive’s  account  on  the  last  business  day  of  each 
calendar  year.    In  addition,  the  Bank,  may,  but  is  not  required  to,  make  additional  discretionary  contributions  to  the  executive’s 
accounts from time to time.  All executives currently participating in the plan, including the named executive officers, are fully vested 
in  the  Bank’s  contribution  to  the  plan.    In  the  event  the  executive  is  terminated  involuntarily  or  resigns  for  good  reason  within  24 
months following a change in control, the Bank is required to make additional annual contributions the lesser of:  (1) three years or (2) 
the number of years remaining until the executive’s benefit age, subject to potential reduction to avoid an excess parachute payment 
under Code Section 280G.  In the event of the executive’s death, disability or termination within 24 months after a change in control, 
the executive’s account will be paid in a lump sum to the executive or his beneficiary, as applicable.  In the event the executive is 
entitled to a benefit from the SERP due to retirement or other termination of employment, the benefit will be paid either in a lump sum 
or in 10 annual installments as detailed in his or her participant agreement.  At December 31, 2021 and 2020, other liabilities included 
$578,000 and $928,000, respectively, accrued under this plan.

NOTE 15:  STOCK BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

All  share  and  per  share  values  have  been  adjusted,  where  appropriate,  by  the  1.6472  exchange  rate  used  in  the  Conversion  and 
Offering that occurred on October 16, 2014.

- 118 -

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
    
 
    
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
April 2010 Stock Option Grants

In June 2011, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of stock option awards to its directors and executive officers 
under the 2010 Stock Option Plan that had 247,080 shares authorized for award.  A total of 74,124 stock option awards were granted 
to  the  nine  directors  of  the  Company,  at  that  time,  and  123,540  stock  option  awards,  in  total,  were  granted  to  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer and the Company’s then four senior vice presidents.  The awards vested ratably over five years (20% per year for each year of 
the participant’s service with the Company) with an expiration date ten years from the date of the grant, or June 2021.  The fair value 
of each option grant was established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model used 
the  following  weighted  average  assumptions:  risk-free  interest  rate  of  2.2%;  volatility  factors  of  the  expected  market  price  of  the 
Company's common stock of 0.45; weighted average expected lives of the options of 7.0 years: cash dividend yield of 1.49%. Based 
upon these assumptions, the weighted average fair value of options granted was $2.29.

In July 2013, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 16,472 stock option awards in total to two newly elected 
directors of the Company.  The awards vested ratably over five years (20% per year for each year of the participant’s service with the 
Company)  with  an  expiration  date  ten  years  from  the  date  of  the  grant,  or  July  2023.    The  fair  value  of  each  option  grant  was 
established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted 
average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 2.0%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 
0.45; weighted average expected lives of the options of 7.0 years: cash dividend yield of 1.0%. Based upon these assumptions, the 
weighted average fair value of options granted was $3.69.

In November 2015, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 16,472 stock option awards in total to two newly 
elected directors of the Company.  The awards vest ratably over five years (20% per year for each year of the participant’s service 
with the Company) and will expire ten years from the date of the grant, or November 2025.  The fair value of each option grant was 
established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted 
average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.9%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 
0.23; weighted average expected lives of the options of 7.0 years: cash dividend yield of 1.4%. Based upon these assumptions, the 
weighted average fair value of options granted was $2.56.

In April 2016, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 47,768 stock option awards in total to three officers and 
one recently promoted senior officer.  The awards vest ratably over five years (20% per year for each year of the participant’s service 
with  the  Company)  and  will  expire  ten  years  from  the  date  of  the  grant,  or  April  2026.    The  fair  value  of  each  option  grant  was 
established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted 
average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.6%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 
0.32; weighted average expected lives of the options of 7.0 years: cash dividend yield of 1.55%. Based upon these assumptions, the 
weighted average fair value of options granted was $3.17.

May 2016 Stock Option Grants

In  May  2016,  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Company  approved  the  grant  of  stock  option  awards  to  its  directors,  executive  officers, 
senior officers and officers under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan that was approved at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 4, 
2016 when 263,605 shares were authorized for award. 

A total of 79,083 stock option awards were granted to the nine directors of the Company and 44,812 stock option awards, in total, 
were granted to thirteen officers.  The awards vest ratably over five years (20% per year for each year of the participant’s service with 
the Company) and will expire ten years from the date of the grant, or May 2026.  The fair value of each option grant was established at 
the  date  of  grant  using  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model.  The  Black-Scholes  model  used  the  following  weighted  average 
assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.6%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 0.32; 
weighted  average  expected  lives  of  the  options  of  7.0  years:  cash  dividend  yield  of  1.55%.  Based  upon  these  assumptions,  the 
weighted average fair value of options granted was $3.32.

A total of 92,261 stock option awards were granted to the Chief Executive Officer, two executive officers and three senior officers.  
The awards vest ratably over seven years (approximately 14.28% per year for each year of the participant’s service with the Company) 
with the exception of one senior officer whose awards vested upon retirement on August 1, 2017 and will expire ten years from the 
date of the grant, or May 2026.  The fair value of each option grant was established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model. The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.7%; volatility 
factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 0.32; weighted average expected lives of the options of 8.5 
years: cash dividend yield of 1.55%. Based upon these assumptions, the weighted average fair value of options granted was $3.59.

In September 2020, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 3,000 stock option awards to one officer.  The awards 
vest  ratably  over  three  years  (approximately  33.3%  per  year  for  each  year  of  the  participant’s  service  with  the  Company)  and  will 

- 119 -

expire ten years from the date of the grant, or September 2030.  The fair value of each option grant was established at the date of grant 
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted average assumptions: risk-free 
rate of 0.35%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company’s common stock of 0.21; weighted average expected 
lives of the options of 6.0 years: cash dividend yield of 2.46%.  Based upon these assumptions, the weighted average fair value of 
options granted was $1.32.

In October 2020, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 9,000 stock option awards in total to two senior officers 
and four officers.  The awards vest ratably over three years (approximately 33.3% per year for each year of the participant’s service 
with the Company) and will expire ten years from the date of the grant, or October 2030.  The fair value of each option grant was 
established at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  The Black-Scholes model used the following weighted 
average assumptions: risk-free rate of 0.45%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company’s common stock of 0.22; 
weighted  average  expected  lives  of  the  options  of  6.0  years:  cash  dividend  yield  of  2.31%.    Based  upon  these  assumptions,  the 
weighted average fair value of options granted was $1.51.  

In October 2020, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 39,668 stock option awards to one senior officer.  The 
awards  were  split  between  incentive  stock  option  awards  and  non-qualified  stock  option  awards  in  accordance  with  applicable  tax 
regulations that required that allocation of stock option distributions due to the aggregate value of the stock option awards vesting each 
year.  The  awards  vest  ratably  over  three  years  (approximately  33.3%  per  year  for  each  year  of  the  participant’s  service  with  the 
Company) and will expire ten years from the date of the grant, or October 2030. The Black-Scholes model, for the 26,633 incentive 
stock  option  awards,  used  the  following  weighted  average  assumptions:  risk-free  rate  of  0.45%;  volatility  factors  of  the  expected 
market  price  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  of  0.25;  weighted  average  expected  lives  of  the  options  of  6.0  years:  cash  dividend 
yield  of  2.31%.  The  Black-Scholes  model,  for  the  13,035  non-qualified  stock  option  awards,  used  the  following  weighted  average 
assumptions:  risk-free  rate  of  0.44%;  volatility  factors  of  the  expected  market  price  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  of  0.26; 
weighted  average  expected  lives  of  the  options  of  5.9  years:  cash  dividend  yield  of  2.31%.    Based  upon  these  assumptions,  the 
weighted  average  fair  value  of  the  incentive  stock  options  and  the  non-qualified  stock  options  granted  were  $1.83  and  $1.85, 
respectively. 

Activity in the stock option plans is as follows:

Options Outstanding

Shares Exercisable

(Shares in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2019

Granted
Newly vested
Exercised
Expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2020

Granted
Newly vested
Exercised
Expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2021

Number of 
Shares 
303 
52 
- 
(34)    
(1)    
  $
  $

320 
- 
- 
(53)    
(3)    
  $

264 

Weighted 
Average 
  Exercise Price 
10.51 
  $
10.33 
- 
- 
11.35 
10.89 
- 
- 
- 
9.48 
10.98 

Number of 
Shares 
191 
- 
47 
(34)
- 
204 
- 
59 
(53)
- 
210 

Weighted 
Average 
  Exercise Price 
10.04 
 $
- 
11.22 
- 
- 
10.91 
- 
10.97 
- 
- 
11.05  

 $
 $

 $

The  aggregate  intrinsic  value  of  a  stock  option  represents  the total  pre-tax  intrinsic  value  (the  amount  by  which  the  current  market 
value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the option) that would have been received by the option holders had all 
option holders exercised their options prior to the expiration date.  The intrinsic value can change based on fluctuations in the market 
value of the Company’s stock.  At December 31, 2021, the intrinsic value of the stock options was $1.6 million.  At December 31, 
2020, the intrinsic value of the stock options was $190,000 .

At December 31, 2021, the average remaining contractual life of outstanding options and shares exercisable were 5.1 years and 5.9 
years, respectively.

May 2016 Restricted Stock Unit Grants

In May 2016, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of restricted stock units to its directors, executive officers, 
senior officers and officers under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan that was approved at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on May 4, 
2016 when 105,442 shares were authorized for award.  A total of 31,635 restricted stock units were granted to the nine directors of the 

- 120 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
Company and 8,436 restricted stock units, in total, were granted to two officers.  The units vest ratably over five years (20% per year 
for each year of the participant’s service with the Company).  

A total of 46,570 restricted stock units, in total, were granted to the Chief Executive Officer, two executive officers and three senior 
officers.  The units vest ratably over seven years (approximately 14.28% per year for each year of the participant’s service with the 
Company) with the exception of one senior officer whose units vested upon retirement on August 1, 2017.  

In September 2020, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 1,000 restricted stock units to one officer.  The units 
vest ratably over three years (approximately 33.3% per year for each year of the participant’s service with the Company).

In October 2020, the board of directors of the Company approved the grant of 17,801 restricted stock units to three senior officers and 
four officers.  The units vest ratably over three years (approximately 33.3% per year for each year of the participant’s service with the 
Company).

The compensation expense of the stock option awards and restricted stock units is based on the fair value of the instruments on the 
date  of  grant.    The  Company  recorded  compensation  expense  in  the  amount  of  $241,000  and  $300,000   in  2021  and  2020, 
respectively, and is expected to record $185,315, and $108,893 in 2022 and 2023. 

NOTE 16:  EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN

The Bank established the Pathfinder Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“Plan”) to purchase stock of the Company for the benefit 
of its employees.  In July 2011, the Plan received a $1.1 million loan from Community Bank, N.A., guaranteed by the Company, to 
fund  the  Plan’s  purchase  of  125,000  shares  of  the  Company’s  treasury  stock.    The  loan  was  being  repaid  in  equal  quarterly 
installments of principal plus interest over ten years beginning October 1, 2011.  Interest accrued at the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate 
plus  1.00%,  and  was  secured  by  the  unallocated  shares  of  the  ESOP  stock.    This  loan  was  refinanced  in  connection  with  the 
Conversion and Offering that occurred on October 16, 2014.

In connection with the Conversion and Offering, the ESOP purchased 105,442 shares issued in the offering by obtaining a loan from 
the Company which was used to purchase both the additional shares and refinance the remaining outstanding balance on the loan from 
Community  Bank  N.A.    There  were  138,982.5  shares  associated  with  the  refinanced  loan  resulting  in  a  total  of  244,424.5  shares 
associated with the new loan provided by the Company.

The ESOP loan from the Company has a ten year term and is being repaid in equal payments of principal and interest under a fixed 
rate of interest equal to 3.25% which was the prime rate of interest on the date of the closing of the offering.  This ESOP loan from the 
Company, also referred to as an internally leveraged ESOP, does not appear as a liability on the Company’s consolidated statement of 
condition as of December 31, 2021 in accordance with ASC 718-40-25-9d.

In accordance with the payment of principal on the loan, a proportionate number of shares are allocated to the employees over the ten 
year  time  horizon  of  the  loan.    Participants’  vesting  interest  in  the  shares  of  Company  stock  is  at  the  rate  of  20%  per  year. 
Compensation expense is recorded based on the number of shares released to the participants times the average market value of the 
Company’s  stock  over  that  same  period.    Dividends  on  unallocated  shares,  recorded  as  compensation  expense  on  the  income 
statement, are made available to the participants' account. The Company recorded $397,000 and $294,000 in compensation expense in 
2021  and  2020,  respectively,  including  $21,000  and  $24,000  for  dividends  on  unallocated  shares  in  these  same  time  periods.    At 
December 31, 2021, there were 67,217 unearned ESOP shares with a fair value of $1.2 million.

NOTE 17: INCOME TAXES

The provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, is as follows:

 (In thousands)
Current
Deferred

  $

  $

2021 
3,018    $
481     
3,499    $

2020 
2,600 
(1,305)
1,295  

- 121 -

 
 
   
 
The provision for income taxes includes the following

 (In thousands)
Federal Income Tax
State Tax

  $

  $

2021 
3,273    $
226     
3,499    $

2020 
1,093 
202 
1,295  

The components of the net deferred tax asset (liability), included in other assets as of December 31, are as follows:

  $

 (In thousands)
Assets:

Deferred compensation
Allowance for loan losses
Postretirement benefits
Subordinated loan interest
Loan origination fees
Held-to-maturity securities
Stock-based compensation
Capital loss carryover
Cash flow hedges
Other

Total
Liabilities:

Prepaid pension
Investment securities
Depreciation
Accretion
Intangible assets
Mortgage servicing rights
Prepaid expenses and transaction fees

Total

Less: deferred tax asset valuation allowance

Net deferred tax (liability) asset

  $

2021 

983    $
3,381     
85     
19     
335     
-     
80     
149     
138     
319     
5,489     

(2,041)   
(151)   
(1,902)   
(124)   
(1,004)   
(99)   
(91)   
(5,412)   
77     
(80)   
(3)  $

2020 

1,063 
3,339 
96 
25 
324 
6 
108 
- 
342 
702 
6,005 

(1,648)
(296)
(1,860)
(164)
(1,004)
(98)
(115)
(5,185)
820 
- 
820  

Realization  of  deferred  tax  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  generation  of  future  taxable  income  or  the  existence  of  sufficient  taxable 
income within the carry back period.  A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of the 
deferred tax assets, will not be realized.  In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, management considers the scheduled reversal 
of the deferred tax liabilities, the level of historical taxable income and the projected future level of taxable income over the periods in 
which the temporary differences comprising the deferred tax assets will be deductible.  On the basis of this evaluation, as of December 
31, 2021, a valuation allowance of $80,000 has been recorded to recognize only the portion of the deferred tax asset that is more likely 
than not to be realized.  The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable 
income during the carryforward period are reduced or increased.  

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the liability method.  Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or 
liability is recognized for the future tax consequences.  This is attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying 
amounts  of  existing  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  respective  tax  bases  as  well  as  net  operating  and  capital  loss  carry 
forwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applied to taxable income in the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates 
is  recognized  in  income  tax  expense  in  the  period  that  includes  the  enactment  date.   If  current  available  evidence  about  the  future 
raises doubt about the likelihood of a deferred tax asset being realized, a valuation allowance is established.  The judgment about the 
level of future taxable income, including that which is considered capital, is inherently subjective and is reviewed on a continual basis 
as regulatory and business factors change.  

During 2021, the Company disposed of an equity security investment that resulted in a capital loss.  Under current IRS law, capital 
losses are allowed to be carried back for a period of three years and carried forward five years.  The allowable portion that can be 
carried back will result in an approximate tax benefit of $56,000.  The Company believes that forecasted future capital gains make it 

- 122 -

 
 
   
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
likely that such capital losses will not be utilized in future periods, therefore, a valuation allowance has been provided on these capital 
losses at December 31, 2021.

Banking corporations operating in New York State are taxed under the New York State General Business Corporation Franchise Tax 
provisions.    Under  this  New  York  tax  law,  the  tax  rate  on  the  business  income  base  is  6.5%.    However,  various  modifications  are 
available to community banks (defined as banks with less than $8 billion in total assets) regarding certain deductions associated with 
interest  income.  Effective  in  January  2018,  the  Company  adopted  a  modification  methodology  that  at  the  time  was  newly  made 
available under the New York State tax code, affecting how the Company’s state income tax liability is computed.  Under this adopted 
methodology, management determined in the first quarter of 2019, it was unlikely that the Company would pay income taxes to New 
York  State  in  future  periods  and  therefore  in  the  quarter  ended  March  31,  2019,  the  Company  established,  through  a  charge  to 
earnings, a valuation allowance in the amount of $136,000 in order to reserve against deferred tax assets related to New York State 
income taxes.  This valuation allowance against the value of those deferred tax assets was established to reduce the net deferred tax 
asset  related  to  New  York  State  income  taxes  to  $-0-.  Management  is  continuously  monitoring  its  future  tax  consequences  to 
determine  if  the  Company’s  deferred  taxes  are  properly  stated.   In  the  first  quarter  of  2020,  consistent  with  policy,  management 
reviewed all facts and circumstances related to its deferred taxes and determined that based on the expected filings of future New York 
State tax returns, the valuation allowance created in 2019 was no longer needed.   Therefore management elected to eliminate its New 
York State net deferred tax asset valuation allowance during the quarter ended March 31, 2020.

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company filed amended New York State tax returns for 2015 through 2017 (the “carryback years”). 
The returns were amended from their original filings in order to file carryback claims utilizing New York State net operating losses 
generated under New York State tax law in 2018.  As a result, the Company received $316,000 in tax refunds from New York State 
for  taxes  previously  paid  in  the  carryback  years.    This  refund  was  applied  to  the  effective  tax  rate  of  the  Company  in  2020  in 
accordance with GAAP.

In 2021, the Company’s effective tax rate was 22.4%, as compared to 15.9% in 2020.  A reconciliation of the federal statutory income 
tax rate to the effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, is as follows:

Federal statutory income tax rate
State tax, net of federal benefit
Tax-exempt interest income
Increase in value of bank owned life insurance less premiums paid
Change in valuation allowance
NYS net operating loss carryback filing receivable, net of federal benefit
Other
Effective income tax rate - Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
Minority interest
Effective income tax rate

2021 
21.0  % 
1.2 
(0.6)
(0.7)
0.5 
- 
0.5 
21.9  % 
0.5   
22.4  % 

2020   
21.0  %
2.0   
(0.9)  
(1.1)  
(1.6)  
(3.8)  
(0.1)  
15.5  %
0.4   
15.9  %

- 123 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 18: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing 
needs  of  its  customers.  These  financial  instruments  include  commitments  to  extend  credit  and  standby  letters  of  credit.    Such 
commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statement of 
condition. The contractual amount of those commitments to extend credit reflects the extent of involvement the Company has in this 
particular class of financial instrument. The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to 
the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of the instrument.  The Company 
uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk:

(In thousands)
Commitments to grant loans
Unfunded commitments under lines of credit
Unfunded commitments related to construction loans in progress
Standby letters of credit

  $

Contract Amount

2021 
93,364    $
136,749   
12,308   
2,735   

2020 
58,217 
102,404 
6,103 
2,450  

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the 
contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since 
some of the commitment amounts are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily 
represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of 
collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the 
counter  party.  Collateral  held  varies  but  may  include  residential  real  estate  and  income-producing  commercial  properties.    Loan 
commitments  outstanding  at  December  31,  2021  with  variable  interest  rates  and  fixed  interest  rates  were  to  approximately  $222.2 
million and $22.9 million, respectively.  These outstanding loan commitments carry current market rates.

Unfunded commitments under standby letters of credit, revolving credit lines and overdraft protection agreements are commitments 
for possible future extensions of credit to existing customers.  These lines of credit usually do not contain a specified maturity date and 
may not be drawn upon to the total extent to which the Company is committed.

Letters of credit written are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third 
party. Generally, all letters of credit, when issued have expiration dates within one year.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of 
credit  is  essentially  the  same  as  those  that  are  involved  in  extending  loan  facilities  to  customers.    The  Company  generally  holds 
collateral  and/or  personal  guarantees  supporting  these  commitments.    Management  believes  that  the  proceeds  obtained  through  a 
liquidation  of  collateral  and  the  enforcement  of  guarantees  would  be  sufficient  to  cover  the  potential  amount  of  future  payments 
required under the corresponding guarantees. 

NOTE 19: DIVIDENDS AND RESTRICTIONS

The Company's ability to pay dividends to its shareholders is largely dependent on the Bank's ability to pay dividends to the Company.  
In addition to state law requirements and the capital requirements discussed in Note 20, regulatory matters, regulations and policies 
limit  the  circumstances  under  which  the  Bank  may  pay  dividends.    The  amount  of  retained  earnings  legally  available  under  these 
regulations approximated $27.4 million as of December 31, 2021.  Dividends paid by the Bank to the Company would be prohibited if 
the effect thereof would cause the Bank’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements.  The Bank made no 
dividend payments to the Company in the years ended December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

Capital adequacy is evaluated primarily by the use of ratios which measure capital against total assets, as well as against total assets 
that are weighted based on defined risk characteristics.  The Company’s goal is to maintain a strong capital position, consistent with 
the risk profile of its banking operations.  This strong capital position serves to support growth and expansion activities while at the 
same  time  exceeding  regulatory  standards.    At  December  31,  2021,  the  Bank  met  the  regulatory  definition  of  a  “well-capitalized” 
institution, i.e. a leverage capital ratio exceeding 5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio exceeding 8%, Tier 1 common equity exceeding 
6.5%, and a total risk-based capital ratio exceeding 10%.

- 124 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  addition  to  establishing  the  minimum  regulatory  capital  requirements,  the  regulations  limit  capital  distributions  and  certain 
discretionary  bonus  payments  to  management  if  the  institution  does  not  hold  a  “capital  conservation  buffer”  consisting  of  2.5%  of 
common  equity  Tier  1  capital  to  risk-weighted  assets  above  the  amount  necessary  to  meet  its  minimum  risk-based  capital 
requirements.  The buffer is separate from the capital ratios required under the Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) standards.  In order 
to avoid these restrictions, the capital conservation buffer effectively increases the minimum levels of the following capital to risk-
weighted assets ratios: (1) Core Capital, (2) Total Capital and (3) Common Equity.  The capital conservation buffer requirement is 
now fully implemented at 2.5% of risk-weighted assets.  At December 31, 2021, the Bank exceeded all regulatory required minimum 
capital ratios, including the capital buffer requirements.

As  a  result  of  the  Economic  Growth,  Regulatory  Relief,  and  Consumer  Protection  Act,  the  federal  banking  agencies  developed  a 
“Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (the ratio of a bank's tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions 
with assets of less than $10 billion. A “qualifying community bank” that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all 
other  capital  and  leverage  requirements,  including  the  capital  requirements  to  be  considered  “well  capitalized”  under  Prompt 
Corrective Action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution's risk profile when evaluating whether it 
qualifies  as  a  community  bank  for  purposes  of  the  capital  ratio  requirement.  The  federal  banking  agencies  had  set  the  Community 
Bank Leverage Ratio at 9%. Pursuant to the CARES Act, the federal banking agencies issued final rules to set the Community Bank 
Leverage Ratio at 8% beginning in the second quarter of 2020 through the end of 2020. In 2021, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio 
increased to 8.5% for the calendar year. Community banks had until January 1, 2022, before the Community Bank Leverage Ratio 
requirement returned to 9%. A financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The new rule took effect on January 
1, 2020. The Bank did not elect to become subject to the Community Bank Leverage Ratio.

NOTE 20: REGULATORY MATTERS

The  Bank  is  subject  to  various  regulatory  capital  requirements  administered  by  the  federal  banking  agencies.    Failure  to  meet 
minimum  capital  requirements  can  initiate  certain  mandatory  and  possibly  additional  discretionary  actions  by  regulators  that,  if 
undertaken,  could  have  a  direct  material  effect  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements.    Under  capital  adequacy 
guidelines  and  the  regulatory  framework  for  prompt  corrective  action,  the  Bank  must  meet  specific  capital  guidelines  that  involve 
quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.  
The capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, 
and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain amounts and ratios (set forth 
in the table below) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital 
(as defined) to average assets (as defined). 

As of December 31, 2021, the Bank’s most recent notification from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation categorized the Bank 
as “well-capitalized”, under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as “well-capitalized”, the Bank 
must maintain total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the tables below.  There are no conditions or 
events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category. 

As noted above, the regulations also impose a “capital conservation buffer” consisting of 2.5% of common equity Tier 1 capital to 
risk-weighted assets above the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements.  The buffer is separate from the 
capital ratios required under the Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) standards and imposes restrictions on dividend distributions and 
discretionary bonuses.  In order to avoid these restrictions, the capital conservation buffer effectively increases the minimum levels of 
the  following  capital  to  risk-weighted  assets  ratios:  (1)  Core  Capital,  (2)  Total  Capital  and  (3)  Common  Equity.    The  capital 
conservation  buffer  requirement  is  now  fully  implemented  at  2.5%  of  risk-weighted  assets.    At  December  31,  2021,  the  Bank 
exceeded all regulatory required minimum capital ratios, including the capital buffer requirements.

- 125 -

The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 are presented in the following table.

(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2021:

Total Core Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Common Equity (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Assets)
As of December 31, 2020:

Total Core Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Common Equity (to Risk-Weighted Assets)
Tier 1 Capital (to Assets)

Minimum For
Capital 
Adequacy
Purposes

  Amount  

  Ratio  

Minimum To Be
"Well-Capitalized"
Under Prompt
Corrective 
Provisions
  Amount     Ratio  

Minimum for
Capital Adequacy
With Buffer
  Amount     Ratio  

Actual
  Amount     Ratio  

  $129,166 
  $118,511 
  $118,511 
  $118,511 

   15.19%  $68,013 
   13.94%  $51,009 
   13.94%  $38,257 
   9.52%  $49,804 

   8.00%  $85,016 
   6.00%  $68,013 
   4.50%  $55,260 
   4.00%  $62,255 

   10.00%  $89,266 
8.00%  $72,263 
6.50%  $59,511 
5.00%  $62,255 

   10.50%
   8.50%
   7.00%
   5.00%

  $115,289 
  $104,287 
  $104,287 
  $104,287 

   13.13%  $70,270 
   11.87%  $52,703 
   11.87%  $39,527 
   8.63%  $48,314 

   8.00%  $87,838 
   6.00%  $70,270 
   4.50%  $57,095 
   4.00%  $60,392 

   10.00%  $92,230 
8.00%  $74,662 
6.50%  $61,487 
5.00%  $60,392 

   10.50%
   8.50%
   7.00%
   5.00%

The Company’s goal is to maintain a strong capital position, consistent with the risk profile of its subsidiary bank that supports growth 
and  expansion  activities  while  at  the  same  time  exceeding  regulatory  standards.    At  December  31,  2021,  the  Bank  exceeded  all 
regulatory required minimum capital ratios and met the regulatory definition of a “well-capitalized” institution, i.e. a leverage capital 
ratio exceeding 5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio exceeding 6% and a total risk-based capital ratio exceeding 10%. 

The Federal Reserve Board regulations require banks to maintain non-interest-earning reserves on deposit at the Federal Reserve Bank 
(“FRB”), against their transaction accounts (primarily negotiable order of withdrawal (“NOW”) and regular checking accounts).  In 
March  2020,  due  to  a  change  in  in  its  approach  to  monetary  policy  due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board 
announced an interim rule to amend Regulation D requirements and reduce reserve requirement ratios to zero.  The Federal Reserve 
Board has indicated that it has no plans to re-impose reserve requirements, but may do so in the future.  

NOTE 21: INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVE

The Company is exposed to certain risks from both its business operations and changes in economic conditions.  As part of managing 
interest rate risk, the Company enters into standardized interest rate derivative contracts (designated as hedging agreements) to modify 
the  repricing  characteristics  of  certain  portions  of  the  Company’s  portfolios  of  earning  assets  and  interest-bearing  liabilities.  The 
Company designates interest rate hedging agreements utilized in the management of interest rate risk as either fair value hedges or 
cash flow hedges. Interest rate hedging agreements are generally entered into with counterparties that meet established credit standards 
and the agreements contain master netting, collateral and/or settlement provisions protecting the at-risk party. Based on adherence to 
the  Company’s  credit  standards  and  the  presence  of  the  netting,  collateral  or  settlement  provisions,  the  Company  believes  that  the 
credit risk inherent in these contracts was not material at December 31, 2021.  Interest rate hedging agreements are recorded at fair 
value  as  other  assets  or  liabilities.    The  Company  had  no  material  derivative  contracts  not  designated  as  hedging  agreements  at 
December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

As  a  result  of  interest  rate  fluctuations,  fixed-rate  assets  and  liabilities  will  appreciate  or  depreciate  in  fair  value.  When  effectively 
hedged, this appreciation or depreciation will generally be offset by changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are linked 
to  the  hedged  assets  and  liabilities.  This  strategy  is  referred  to  as  a  fair  value  hedge.  In  a  fair  value  hedge,  the  fair  value  of  the 
derivative  (the  interest  rate  hedging  agreement)  and  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  hedged  item  are  recorded  in  the  Company’s 
Consolidated  Statements  of  Condition  with  the  corresponding  gain  or  loss  recognized  in  current  earnings.  The  difference  between 
changes in the fair value of the interest rate hedging agreements and the hedged items represents hedge ineffectiveness and is recorded 
as an adjustment to the interest income or interest expense of the respective hedged item.  

Cash  flows  related  to  floating  rate  assets  and  liabilities  will  fluctuate  with  changes  in  underlying  rate  indices.    When  effectively 
hedged, the increases or decreases in cash flows related to the floating-rate asset or liability will generally be offset by changes in cash 
flows of the derivative instruments designated as a hedge.  This strategy is referred to as a cash flow hedge.  In a cash flow hedge, the 
effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of other comprehensive income and subsequently 
reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings.  The ineffective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss on 
cash flow hedges is accounted for similar to that associated with fair value hedges. 

Among the array of interest rate hedging contracts, potentially available to the Company, are interest rate swap and interest rate cap 
(or floor) contracts.  The Company uses interest rate swaps, cap or floor contracts as part of its interest rate risk management strategy.  
Interest rate swaps involve the receipt of variable (or fixed) amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed 
(or variable) payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount.  An interest rate cap is 

- 126 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
a type of interest rate derivative in which the buyer receives payments at the end of each contractual period in which the index interest 
rate exceeds the contractually agreed upon strike price rate. The purchaser of a cap contract will continue to benefit from any rise in 
interest rates above the strike price. Similarly, an interest rate floor is a derivative contract in which the buyer receives payments at the 
end of each period in which the interest rate is below the agreed strike price. The purchaser of a floor contract will continue to benefit 
from any rise in interest rates above the strike price.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the following amounts were recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Condition related to the 
cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

Carrying Amount of 
the Hedged Assets at
December 31, 2021  

 (In thousands)
Line item on the balance sheet in which the hedged item is included:
Loans receivable (1)
  $
Available-for-sale securities (2)
  $
  $
Loans receivable (3)

- 
61,808 
41,651 

 $
 $
 $

Cumulative Amount 
of Fair Value 
Hedging Adjustment 
Included in the 
Carrying Amount of 
the Hedged Assets at 
December 31, 2021  

Cumulative Amount 
of Fair Value 
Hedging Adjustment 
Included in The 
Carrying Amount of 
the Hedged Assets at 
December 31, 2020  

Carrying Amount of 
the Hedged Assets at
December 31, 2020  

- 
(1,308)
(152)

 $
 $
 $

12,944 
17,055 
- 

 $
 $
 $

53 
(191)
-  

(1)

(2)

(3)

These  amounts  include  the  amortized  historical  cost  basis  of  a  specific  loan  pool  designated  as  the  underlying  asset  for  the  hedging 
relationship  in  which  the  hedged  item  is  the  underlying  asset's  amortized  cost  (last  layer)  projected  to  be  remaining  at  the  end  of  the 
contractual  term  of  the  hedging  instrument.    The  hedging  instrument  matured  in  April  of  2021  and  is  no  longer  a  component  of  the 
Company's Consolidated Statement of Condition at December 31, 2021.  The amount of the designated hedged item was $9.2 million and 
the  fair  value  of  the  hedging  instrument  resulted  in  a  net  liability  position  of  $53,000,  recorded  by  the  Company  in  other  liabilities  at 
December 31, 2020. The Company’s participation in the fair value hedge had an immaterial effect on recorded interest income for the three 
and twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
These amounts represent the amortized cost basis of specifically identified municipal securities designated as the underlying assets for the 
hedging  relationship.  The  notional  amount  of  the  designated  hedge  was  $52.0  million  and  $16.3  million  at  December  31,  2021  and 
December 31, 2020, respectively.  The fair value of the derivative recorded in other assets resulted in a net asset position of $1.3 million 
and $191,000 at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.   at December 31, 2020.  The Company’s participation in the 
fair value hedge had an immaterial effect on recorded interest income for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
These amounts include the amortized cost of a specific loan pool designated as the underlying asset for the hedging relationship in which 
the  hedged  item  is  the  underlying  asset's  amortized  cost  projected  to  be  remaining  at  the  end  of  the  contractual  term  of  the  hedging 
instrument.    The  amount  of  the  designated  hedged  item  was  $20.5  million  at  December  31,  2021.    The  Company  did  not  have  this 
derivative agreement in place at December 31, 2020.  At December 31, 2021, the fair value of the derivative resulted in a net asset position 
of $152,000, recorded in other assets.  The Company’s participation in the fair value hedge had an immaterial effect on recorded interest 
income for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

In  February  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  an  interest  rate  cap  contract,  designated  as  a  cash  flow  hedging  transaction  at  its 
inception, in the notional amount of $40.0 million, intended to reduce the Company’s exposure to potential rises in short-term interest 
rates  above  the  contractual  level.    The  Company  paid  $228,000  in  a  one-time  premium  for  the  cap  contract  and  has  no  further 
contractual  obligations  to  the  contractual  counterparty  over  the  remaining  life  of  the  contract.    The  premium  was  expected  to  be 
amortized ratably over the contractual term of the cap contract, which matures in February 2023.  In September of 2021, the Company 
determined that the specific underlying funding stream, for which the interest rate cap was originally intended to hedge, was no longer 
going to be a continuing component of the Bank’s overall funding strategies.  Therefore, although the cap contract continues to remain 
in force, it will no longer be considered to be a hedge against any specific funding liability. Therefore under ASC 815, the Company 
has determined to re-designate the cap as a free-standing derivative and mark the fair value of the cap to market during each reporting 
period  through  earnings  until  the  cap’s  contractual  maturity  date.    The  changes  in  the  expected  future  funding  requirements  of  the 
Company occurred primarily as a result of the unprecedented, and previously unpredictable, measures undertaken by central banking 
authorities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  The re-designation of the interest rate cap contract to a free-standing derivative 
resulted in the recognition of a $157,000 increase in interest expense in the third quarter of 2021.  As a free-standing derivative, future 
changes in the fair value of this Cap contract, until its maturity date, will be recognized through earnings as an adjustment to interest 
expense. 

In March 2020, the Bank entered into an interest rate swap contract with an unaffiliated counterparty that will expire in March 2023.  
The contract was designated as a cash flow hedging transaction at its inception.  The notional amount of the swap was and remains 
$40.0  million  and  the  Bank  will  pay  a  fixed  rate  of  1.39%  to  the  counterparty  and  receive  a  variable  payment  equivalent  to  the 
published three-month LIBOR index rate to be paid by the swap counterparty through the expiration date of the contract.  The hedged 
instrument is a planned series of 90-day revolving borrowings totaling $40.0 million that will be obtained in the brokered certificate of 
deposit market.

- 127 -

 
 
 
 
 
     
   
   
 
 
The following table shows the pre-tax losses of the Company’s derivatives designated as cash flow hedges in other comprehensive 
income at December 31:

 (In thousands)
Cash flow hedges:

Total unamortized premium
Fair market value adjustment interest rate cap

Total unamortized cap

Fair market value adjustment interest rate swap
  Total loss in comprehensive income

(In thousands)
Balance as of December 31:

Amount of gains (losses) recognized in other
   comprehensive income

Losses in other comprehensive income:

2021 

-    $
-   
-   
(387)  
(387)   $

2020 

204 
(197)
7 
(1,111)
(1,308)

For the years ended

December 31, 2021 

(1,308)   $

921   
(387)   $

December 31, 2020 
- 

(1,308)
(1,308)

  $

  $

  $

  $

The amounts of hedge ineffectiveness, recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, for cash flow 
hedges  were  not  material  to  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income.  A  portion  of,  or  the  entire  amount  included  in 
accumulated other comprehensive loss would be reclassified into current earnings should a portion of, or the entire hedge, no longer 
be considered effective.  Management believes that the hedges will remain fully effective during the remaining term of the respective 
hedging contracts.  The changes in the fair values of the interest rate hedging agreements primarily result from the effects of changing 
index interest rates and the reduction of the time each quarter between the measurement date and the contractual maturity date of the 
hedging instrument.

 The  Company  manages  its  potential  credit  exposure  on  interest  rate  swap  transactions  by  entering  into  a  bilateral  credit  support 
agreements  with  each  counterparty.    These  agreements  require  collateralization  of  credit  exposures  beyond  specified  minimum 
threshold amounts.  The Company posted cash in an interest earning escrow account in the amount of $1.6 million under collateral 
arrangements to satisfy collateral requirements associated with the interest rate swap contract.`

NOTE 22: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES 

Accounting  guidance  related  to  fair  value  measurements  and  disclosures  specifies  a  hierarchy  of  valuation  techniques  based  on 
whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from 
independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs have created 
the following fair value hierarchy: 

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the 
measurement date.

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in 
markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in 
active markets.

Level 3 – Model-derived valuations in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement.

In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs, minimize the use of 
unobservable inputs, to the extent possible, and considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value.

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value:

Investment securities:  The fair values of securities available-for-sale are obtained from an independent third party and are based on 
quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges where available (Level 1).  If quoted prices are not available, fair values 
are  measured  by  utilizing  matrix  pricing,  which  is  a  mathematical  technique  used  widely  in  the  industry  to  value  debt  securities 
without  relying  exclusively  on  quoted  prices  for  specific  securities  but  rather  by  relying  on  the  securities’  relationship  to  other 
benchmark  quoted  securities  (Level  2).    Management  made  no  adjustment  to  the  fair  value  quotes  that  were  received  from  the 

- 128 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
independent  third  party  pricing  service.  Level  3  securities  are  assets  whose  fair  value  cannot  be  determined  by  using  observable 
measures, such as market prices or pricing models. Level 3 assets are typically very illiquid, and fair values can only be calculated 
using estimates or risk-adjusted value ranges. Management applies known factors, such as currently applicable discount rates, to the 
valuation of those investments in order to determine fair value at the reporting date.

The Company holds two corporate investment securities with an aggregate amortized historical cost of $4.1 million and an aggregate 
fair market value of $4.5 million as of December 31, 2021. The securities had a valuation that is determined using published net asset 
values (NAV) derived by an analysis of the security’s underlying assets. The securities are comprised primarily of broadly-diversified 
real  estate  loans  and  are  traded  in  secondary  markets  on  an  infrequent  basis.  While  these  securities  are  redeemable  through  tender 
offers  made  by  their  respective  issuers,  the  liquidation  value  of  the  securities  may  be  below  their  stated  NAVs  and  also  subject  to 
restrictions  as  to  the  amount  of  securities  that  can  be  redeemed  at  any  single  scheduled  redemption.  The  Company  anticipates  that 
these securities will be redeemed by their respective issuers on indeterminate future dates as a consequence of the ultimate liquidation 
strategies employed by the management of these investments.

The  Company  holds  one  equity  security  investment,  with  an  aggregate  value  of  $677,000  at  December  31,  2021,  valued  utilizing 
readily available market pricing (Level 1) observed from active trading on major national stock exchanges.

Interest  rate  derivatives:    The  fair  value  of  the  interest  rate  derivatives,  characterized  as  either  fair  value  or  cash  flow  hedges,  are 
calculated based on a discounted cash flow model. All future floating rate cash flows are projected and both floating rate and fixed 
rate cash flows are discounted to the valuation date.  The benchmark interest rate curve utilized for projecting cash flows and applying 
appropriate discount rates is built by obtaining publicly available third party market quotes for various swap maturity terms.

Impaired loans: Impaired loans are those loans in which the Company has measured impairment based on the fair value of the loan’s 
collateral  or  the  discounted  value  of  expected  future  cash  flows.    Fair  value  is  generally  determined  based  upon  market  value 
evaluations by third parties of the properties and/or estimates by management of working capital collateral or discounted cash flows 
based  upon  expected  proceeds.    These  appraisals  may  include  up  to  three  approaches  to  value:  the  sales  comparison  approach,  the 
income approach (for income-producing property), and the cost approach.  Management modifies the appraised values, if needed, to 
take into account recent developments in the market or other factors, such as, changes in absorption rates or market conditions from 
the  time  of  valuation  and  anticipated  sales  values  considering  management’s  plans  for  disposition.    Such  modifications  to  the 
appraised values could result in lower valuations of such collateral. Estimated costs to sell are based on current amounts of disposal 
costs for similar assets.  These measurements are classified as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy. Impaired loans are subject to 
nonrecurring fair value adjustment upon initial recognition or subsequent impairment.  A portion of the allowance for loan losses is 
allocated to impaired loans if the value of such loans is deemed to be less than the unpaid balance.

The  following  tables  summarize  assets  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis  as  of  December  31,  segregated  by  the  level  of 
valuation inputs within the hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

(In thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Corporate measured at NAV
Total available-for-sale securities

Marketable equity securities

Interest rate swap derivative fair value hedge

Interest rate swap derivative cash flow hedge

December 31, 2021

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total Fair 
Value 

32,273 
39,199 
9,630 
13,613 
22,164 
12,285 
56,731 
185,895 
4,497 
190,392 

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

32,273    $
39,199     
9,630     
13,613     
22,164     
12,285     
56,731     
185,895     
-     
185,895    $

677    $

-    $

-    $

677 

-    $

(152)   $

-    $

(152)

-    $

(387)   $

-    $

(387)

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

- 129 -

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
     
       
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
       
       
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
(In thousands)
Available-for-Sale Portfolio
Debt investment securities:

US Treasury, agencies and GSEs
State and political subdivisions
Corporate
Asset backed securities
Residential mortgage-backed - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - US agency
Collateralized mortgage obligations - Private label

Total

Corporate measured at NAV
Total available-for-sale securities

Marketable equity securities

Interest rate swap derivative fair value hedge

Interest rate swap derivative cash flow hedge

December 31, 2020

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

  $

  $

6,416 
23,753 
9,943 
8,607 
25,211 
26,464 
24,936 
125,330 
- 
125,330 

  $

  $

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

  $

  $

Total Fair 
Value 

6,416 
23,753 
9,943 
8,607 
25,211 
26,464 
24,936 
125,330 
2,725 
128,055 

1,850    $

-    $

-    $

1,850 

-    $

(244)   $

-    $

(244)

-    $

(1,308)   $

-    $

(1,308)

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

- 130 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
     
       
       
       
 
 
     
       
       
       
 
The following tables summarize assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, segregated by the level of 
valuation inputs within the hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

(In thousands)
 Impaired loans

(In thousands)
 Impaired loans

December 31, 2021

Level 1 
- 

  $

Level 2 
- 

  $

Level 3 
4,182 

  $

December 31, 2020

Level 1 
- 

  $

Level 2 
- 

  $

Level 3 
14,701 

  $

  $

  $

Total Fair 
Value 
4,182  

Total Fair 
Value 
14,701  

The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for 
which Level 3 inputs were used to determine fair value.

Valuation
Techniques

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Unobservable
Input

At December 31, 2021
Impaired loans

  Appraisal of collateral
(Sales Approach)
  Discounted Cash Flow  

Appraisal Adjustments
Costs to Sell

Valuation
Techniques

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Unobservable
Input

At December 31, 2020
Impaired loans

  Appraisal of collateral
(Sales Approach)
  Discounted Cash Flow  

Appraisal Adjustments
Costs to Sell

Range
(Weighted Avg.)

5% - 30% (15%)
7% - 14% (10%)

Range
(Weighted Avg.)

5% - 25% (18%)
7% - 13% (12%)

The Company held one equity security investment, with a fair value of $677,000, determined using Level 1 inputs at December 31, 
2021. At December 31, 2020, the Company held two equity security investments with a fair value of $1.9 million.

Required disclosures include fair value information of financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the consolidated statement 
of condition, for which it is practicable to estimate that value.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are 
based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.  Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions 
used,  including  the  discount  rate  and  estimates  of  future  cash  flows.    In  that  regard,  the  derived  fair  value  estimates  cannot  be 
substantiated  by  comparison  to  independent  markets  and,  in  many  cases,  could  not  be  realized  in  immediate  settlement  of  the 
instrument.

The Company has various processes and controls in place to ensure that fair value is reasonably estimated. The Company performs 
due diligence procedures over third-party pricing service providers in order to support their use in the valuation process. 

While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different 
methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair 
value at the reporting date.

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent 
weaknesses in any estimation technique.  Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not 
necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated.  The estimated fair 
value amounts have been measured as of their respective period-ends, and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these 
financial statements subsequent to those respective dates.  As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent 
to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported at each period-end.  

FASB ASC Topic 820 for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the financial assets and liabilities were valued at a price that 
represents the Company’s exit price or the price at which these instruments would be sold or transferred.

- 131 -

 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  information  should  not  be  interpreted  as  an  estimate  of  the  fair  value  of  the  entire  Company  since  a  fair  value 
calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  Due to a wide range of valuation techniques 
and  the  degree  of  subjectivity  used  in  making  the  estimates,  comparisons  between  the  Company’s  disclosures  and  those  of  other 
companies may not be meaningful.  The Company, in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments, used the following 
methods and assumptions:

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amounts of these assets approximate their fair value and are classified as Level 1.

Federal Home Loan Bank stock – The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value and are classified as Level 2.

Net loans – For variable-rate loans that re-price frequently, fair value is based on carrying amounts.  The fair value of other loans (for 
example, fixed-rate commercial real estate loans, mortgage loans, and commercial and industrial loans) is estimated using discounted 
cash flow analysis, based on interest rates currently being offered in the market for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar 
credit quality.  Loan value estimates include judgments based on expected prepayment rates.  The measurement of the fair value of 
loans, including impaired loans, is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Accrued interest receivable and payable – The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value and are classified as Level 
1.

Deposits – The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing checking, passbook savings 
and certain types of money management accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date 
(i.e.,  their  carrying  amounts)  and  are  classified  within  Level  1  of  the  fair  value  hierarchy.    Fair  values  for  fixed-rate  certificates  of 
deposit  are  estimated  using  a  discounted  cash  flow  calculation  that  applies  interest  rates  currently  being  offered  in  the  market  on 
certificates of deposits to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.  Measurements of the fair value of 
time deposits are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Borrowings – Fixed/variable term structures are valued using a replacement cost of funds approach.  These borrowings are discounted 
to the FHLBNY advance curve.  Option structured borrowings’ fair values are determined by the FHLB for borrowings that include a 
call  or  conversion  option.    If  market  pricing  is  not  available  from  this  source,  current  market  indications  from  the  FHLBNY  are 
obtained and the borrowings are discounted to the FHLBNY advance curve less an appropriate spread to adjust for the option. These 
measurements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

Subordinated loans – The Company secures quotes from its pricing service based on a discounted cash flow methodology or utilizes 
observations of recent highly-similar transactions which result in a Level 2 classification.

The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31 are presented in the following table:

(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Investment securities - available-for-sale
Investment securities - available-for-sale
Investment securities - marketable equity
Investment securities - held-to-maturity
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Net loans
Accrued interest receivable
Interest rate swap derivative fair value hedges

Financial liabilities:
Demand Deposits, Savings, NOW and MMDA    
Time Deposits
Borrowings
Subordinated loans
Accrued interest payable
Interest rate swap derivative fair value hedges
Interest rate swap derivative cash flow hedges

  Fair Value  
  Hierarchy  

December 31, 2021
Carrying 
Amounts 

Estimated 
  Fair Values 

December 31, 2020
Carrying 
Amounts 

Estimated 
  Fair Values 

1
2
NAV
1
2
2
3
1
2

1
2
2
2
2
2
2

  $

  $

  $

  $

37,149 
185,895 
4,497 
677 
160,923 
4,189 
819,524 
4,520 
1,308 

694,089 
361,257 
77,098 
29,563 
106 
152 
387 

  $

  $

37,149 
185,895 
4,497 
677 
162,805 
4,189 
819,721 
4,520 
1,308 

694,089 
360,680 
76,957 
30,627 
106 
152 
387 

  $

  $

43,464 
125,330 
2,725 
1,850 
171,224 
4,390 
812,718 
4,549 
191 

598,683 
397,224 
82,050 
39,400 
193 
244 
1,308 

43,464 
125,330 
2,725 
1,850 
174,935 
4,390 
816,626 
4,549 
191 

598,683 
398,863 
84,065 
39,416 
193 
244 
1,308  

- 132 -

 
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
NOTE 23: PARENT COMPANY – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following represents the condensed financial information of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. as of and for the years ended December 31: 

Statements of Condition
(In thousands)
Assets
Cash
Investments
Investment in bank subsidiary
Investment in non-bank subsidiary
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity

Accrued liabilities
Subordinated loans
Shareholders' equity

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

Statements of Income
(In thousands)
Income
Dividends from non-bank subsidiary
Dividends from marketable equity security
Gain (loss) on marketable equity securities
Operating, net
Total income
Expenses
Interest
Operating, net
Total expenses

Loss before taxes and equity in undistributed net
   income of subsidiaries

Tax benefit

Loss before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries

Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries

Net income

2021 

2020 

13,633    $
677   
122,241   
155   
4,216   
140,922    $

722    $

29,564   
110,636   
140,922    $

26,213 
682 
106,986 
155 
3,975 
138,011 

889 
39,400 
97,722 
138,011  

2021 

2020 

3    $
20   
(5)  
116   
134   

1,790   
705   
2,495   

(2,361)  
527   
(1,834)  
14,241   
12,407    $

3 
13 
413 
107 
536 

1,100 
629 
1,729 

(1,193)
261 
(932)
7,882 
6,950  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

- 133 -

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
Operating Activities

Net Income
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries
Stock based compensation and ESOP expense
Amortization of deferred financing from subordinated loan
Net change in other assets and liabilities

Net cash flows from operating activities

Investing Activities

Capital contributed to wholly-owned bank subsidiary
Purchase of premises and equipment

Net cash flows from investing activities

Financing activities

Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from subordinated debt offering
Payments on redemption of subordinated debt
Issuance costs of subordinated loan
Cash dividends paid to common shareholders
Cash dividends paid to non-voting common shareholders
Cash dividends paid to preferred shareholders
Cash dividends paid on warrants

Net cash flows from financing activities
Change in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2021 

2020 

  $

  $

12,407    $
(14,241)  
617   
163   
(298)  
(1,352)  

-   
(143)  
(143)  

551   
-   
(10,000)  
-   
(1,227)  
(194)  
(180)  
(35)  
(11,085)  
(12,580)  
26,213   
13,633    $

6,950 
(7,882)
570 
55 
(166)
(473)

(10,000)
(824)
(10,824)

223 
25,000 
- 
(783)
(1,137)
- 
(277)
(30)
22,996 
11,699 
14,514 
26,213  

- 134 -

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 24:  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  the  Company  has  granted  loans  to  certain  directors,  executive  officers  and  their  affiliates 
(collectively referred to as “related parties”).  None of the related party loans were classified as nonaccrual, past due, restructured, or 
potential problem loans at December 31, 2021 or 2020.

The following represents the activity associated with loans to related parties during the year ended December 31, 2021:

 (In thousands)
Balance at the beginning of the year

Originations and related party additions
Principal payments and related party removals

Balance at the end of the year

  $

  $

 $

2021   
22,445 
8,007 
(8,025)   
 $
22,427 

2020 
19,301 
5,134 
(1,990)
22,445  

Deposit  accounts  of  each  related  party  at  December  31,  2021  and  December  31,  2020  were  $18.4  million  and  $12.5 million, 
respectively.

In December 2020, the Bank sold a parcel of property and an existing dwelling, that was in the process of being developed into a new 
branch location, to a limited liability corporation (“LLC”) co-owned by a member of its board of directors. The purchase price of the 
property  was  $612,000.  The  property  will  continue  to  be  developed  by  the  LLC  up  to  a  total  project  cost  of  $2.8  million.  All 
development costs over $2.8 million, which are expected to be partially offset by available tax credits, will be the responsibility of the 
Bank and treated in the future as leasehold improvements.  In January of 2021, the Bank entered into a lease agreement with the LLC 
to lease the entire building located at the site in Syracuse, New York and an adjacent property.  Once these sites are developed, the 
Bank intends to operate the building as a full-service branch banking facility.  The term of this lease shall be for a period of thirty-two 
years and sixty days commencing on February 1, 2021.  The Bank will pay the landlord, as total rent for the first twelve months of the 
lease, the annual sum of $201,000.  After the first anniversary of the lease, and for every 12 month period following until the end of 
the lease term, the Bank will pay the landlord, as total rent, the annual sum of $262,000.  

NOTE 25:  CONVERSION AND REORGANIZATION

On October 16, 2014, the former Pathfinder Bancorp (“former Pathfinder”) completed the conversion and reorganization pursuant to 
which Pathfinder Bancorp, MHC converted to the stock holding company form of organization under a “second step” conversion (the 
“Conversion”),  and  the  Bank  reorganized  from  the  two-tier  mutual  holding  company  structure  to  the  stock  holding  company 
structure.  Prior to the completion of the Conversion, the MHC owned approximately 60.4% of the common stock of the Company.  
The Company, the new stock holding company for Pathfinder Bank, sold 2,636,053 shares of common stock at $10.00 per share, for 
gross offering proceeds of $26.4 million in its stock offering.  In addition, $197,000 in cash was received by the Company from the 
MHC upon it ceasing to exist.

Concurrent with the completion of the offering, shares of common stock of the Company owned by the public were exchanged for 
shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  so  that  the  shareholders  now  own  approximately  the  same  percentage  of  the  Company’s 
common  stock  as  they  owned  of  the  former  Pathfinder’s  common  stock  immediately  prior  to  the  Conversion.  Shareholders  of  the 
former Pathfinder received 1.6472 shares of the Company’s common stock for each share of the former Pathfinder’s common stock 
that  they  owned  immediately  prior  to  completion  of  the  transaction.      As  a  result  of  the  offering  and  the  exchange  of  shares,  the 
Company  had  4,353,850  shares  outstanding  at  December  31,  2014.    The  Company  has  5,983,467   and  4,531,383  common  shares 
outstanding at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Conversion was accounted for as a change in corporate form with no resulting change in the historical basis of the Company’s 
assets, liabilities, and equity.  Costs related to the offering were primarily marketing fees paid to the Company’s investment banking 
firm, legal and professional fees, registration fees, printing and mailing costs and totaled $1.5 million.  Accordingly, net proceeds were 
$24.9 million.  In addition, as part of the Conversion and dissolution of the MHC, the Company received $197,000 of cash previously 
held by the MHC.  As a result of the Conversion and Offering, Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc., a federal corporation, was succeeded by a 
new fully public Maryland corporation with the same name and the MHC ceased to exist.

The shares of common stock sold in the offering and issued began trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market on October 17, 2014 under 
the trading symbol “PBHC.”

In accordance with Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System regulations, at the time of the reorganization, the Company 
substantially  restricted  retained  earnings  by  establishing  a  liquidation  account.  The  liquidation  account  will  be  maintained  for  the 
benefit of eligible account holders who continue to maintain their accounts at the Bank after conversion.  The Bank will establish a 
parallel liquidation account to support the Company’s liquidation account in the event the Company does not have sufficient assets to 

- 135 -

 
 
   
  
   
 
fund its obligations under its liquidation account.  The liquidation accounts will be reduced annually to the extent that eligible account 
holders  have  reduced  their  qualifying  deposits.  Subsequent  increases  will  not  restore  an  eligible  account  holder’s  interest  in  the 
liquidation  accounts.  In  the  event  of  a  complete  liquidation  of  the  Bank  or  the  Company,  each  account  holder  will  be  entitled  to 
receive a distribution in an amount proportionate to the adjusted qualifying account balances then held.

The Bank may not pay dividends if those dividends would reduce equity capital below the required liquidation account amount.

NOTE 26: ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Changes  in  the  components  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  (“AOCI”),  net  of  tax,  for  the  periods  indicated  are 
summarized in the table below.

(In thousands)
Beginning balance
Other comprehensive income before
   reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
Ending balance

(In thousands)
Beginning balance
Other comprehensive income before
   reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
Ending balance

For the years ended December 31, 2021

Unrealized Gains
and Losses on
Available-for-
Sale Securities 

Unrealized
Losses on
Derivatives
and Hedging
Activities 

Unrealized Loss
on Securities
Transferred to
Held-to-
Maturity 

 $

 $

837    $

(966)   $

(14)   $

(395)  
(14)  
428    $

680   
-   
(286)   $

16   
-   
2 

 $

For the years ended December 31, 2020

Unrealized Gains
and Losses on
Available-for-
Sale Securities 

Unrealized
Losses on
Derivatives
and Hedging
Activities 

Unrealized Loss
on Securities
Transferred to
Held-to-
Maturity 

 $

 $

(216)   $

1,737   
(684)  
837    $

-    $

(966)  
-   
(966)   $

(38)   $

24   
-   

(14)

 $

Retirement
Plans 
(2,093)  

  $

603   
78   
(1,412)  

  $

Retirement
Plans 
(2,717)  

  $

451   
173   
(2,093)  

  $

Total 
(2,236)

904 
64 
(1,268)

Total 
(2,971)

1,246 
(511)
(2,236)

The following table presents the amounts reclassified out of each component of AOCI for the indicated annual period:

 (In thousands)

Details about AOCI1 components
Retirement plan items
Retirement plan net losses
   recognized in plan expenses2

Available-for-sale securities

Realized gain on sale of securities

(1) Amounts in parentheses indicates debits in net income.
(2)
These items are included in net periodic pension cost.  
See Note 14 for additional information.

For the years ended

  December 31, 2021     December 31, 2020  

Affected Line Item in the Statement
of Income

(234)
61 
(173)

 Salaries and employee benefits
 Provision for income taxes
 Net Income

926 
(242)
684 

Net gains on sales and redemptions of 
investment securities
 Provision for income taxes
 Net Income

  $

  $

  $

  $

(105)   $
27   
(78)   $

19    $
(5)  
14    $

- 136 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
  
 
 
    
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 27: NONINTEREST INCOME

The Company has included the following table regarding the Company’s noninterest income for the periods presented.

(In thousands)
Service fees

Insufficient funds fees
Deposit related fees
ATM fees
    Total service fees

Fee Income

Insurance commissions
Investment services revenue
ATM fees surcharge
Banking house rents collected
    Total fee income

Card income

Debit card interchange fees
Merchant card fees
    Total card income

Mortgage fee income and realized gain on sale of loans
   and foreclosed real estate

Loan servicing fees
Net gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate

Total mortgage fee income and realized gain on sale of loans
   and foreclosed real estate

Total

Earnings and gain on bank owned life insurance
Net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities
Gains (losses) on marketable equity securities
Gain on sales of premises and equipment
Other miscellaneous income

Total noninterest income

For the years ended

  December 31, 2021 

  December 31, 2020 

 $

 $

888 
393 
183 
1,464 

1,048 
399 
227 
243 
1,917 
- 
923 
73 
996 

246 
313 

559 
4,936 
559 
37 
382 
201 
116 
6,231 

 $

 $

871 
373 
151 
1,395 

955 
303 
213 
235 
1,676 
- 
771 
70 
841 

361 
1,179 

1,540 
5,452 
460 
1,076 
(629)
- 
96 
6,485  

The following is a discussion of key revenues within the scope of ASC 606:

•

•

•

Service fees – Revenue is earned through insufficient funds fees, customer initiated activities or passage of time for deposit 
related fees, and ATM service fees. Transaction-based fees are recognized at the time the transaction is executed, which is the 
same time the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied.  Account maintenance fees are earned over the course of the 
month as the monthly maintenance performance obligation to the customer is satisfied. 
Fee income – Revenue is earned through commissions on insurance and securities sales, ATM surcharge fees, and banking 
house rents collected.  The Company earns investment advisory fee income by providing investment management services to 
customers under investment management contracts.  As the direction of investment management accounts is provided over 
time,  the  performance  obligation  to  investment  management  customers  is  satisfied  over  time,  and  therefore,  revenue  is 
recognized over time.    
Card  income  –  Card  income  consists  of  interchange  fees  from  consumer  debit  card  networks  and  other  related  services.  
Interchange rates are set by the card networks.  Interchange fees are based on purchase volumes and other factors and are 
recognized as transactions occur.  

• Mortgage fee income and realized gain on sale of loans and foreclosed real estate – Revenue from mortgage fee income and 
realized  gain  on  sale  of  loans  and  foreclosed  real  estate  is  earned  through  the  origination  of  residential  and  commercial 
mortgage  loans,  sales  of  one-to-four  family  residential  mortgage  loans,  sales  of  government  guarantees  portions  of  SBA 
loans, and sales of foreclosed real estate, and is earned as the transaction occurs.

- 137 -

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
NOTE 28: LEASES

The Company has operating and finance leases for certain banking offices and land under noncancelable agreements.  Our leases have 
remaining lease terms that vary from less than one year up to 30 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for various 
renewal periods.  All options to renew are included in the current lease term when we believe it is reasonably certain that the renewal 
options will be exercised.   

The components of lease expense are as follows:

(In thousands)
Operating lease cost
Finance lease cost

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

(In thousands)
Cash paid for amount included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
     Operating cash flows from operating leases
     Operating cash flows from finance leases
     Financing cash flows from finance leases

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

 (In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating Leases:

Operating lease right-of-use assets
Operating lease liabilities

Finance Leases:

Financial Liability

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:

Operating Leases

   Finance Leases

Weighted Average Discount Rate:

Operating Leases

   Finance Leases

Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:

Years Ending December 31,
(In thousands)
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

For the years ended

$

December 31, 2021 
226 
81 

  December 31, 2020 
241 
 $
80  

For the years ended

December 31, 2021 

  December 31, 2020 

$

 $

207 
81 
72 

221 
80 
71  

December 31, 2021 

  December 31, 2020 

$
$

$

 $
 $

 $

2,136 
2,440 

596 

18 
27 

2,240 
2,525 

587 

19.08 years 
28.42 years 

3.73% 
13.75% 

3.73%
13.75%

$

$

115 
118 
118 
126 
133 
2,427 
3,037  

The Company owns certain properties that it leases to unaffiliated third parties at market rates. Lease rental income was $235,000 and 
$235,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.   All lease agreements are accounted for as operating leases.

- 138 -

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 29: COVID-19

In early January 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) issued an alert that a novel coronavirus outbreak was emanating 
from Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Over the course of the next several weeks, the outbreak continued to spread to various regions 
of the world, prompting the WHO to declare COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020.   In the United States, by the end of 
March 2020, the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus invoked various Federal and New York State authorities to make emergency 
declarations and issue executive orders to limit the spread of the disease.  Measures included restrictions on international and domestic 
travel,  limitations  on  public  gatherings,  implementation  of  social  distancing  and  sanitization  protocols,  school  closings,  orders  to 
shelter in place and mandates to close all non-essential businesses to the public.  To widely varying degrees, largely dependent upon 
the level of regional and national outbreaks and the resultant levels of capacity constraints on available medical resources, these very 
substantial  mandated  curtailments  of  social  and  economic  activity  were  relaxed  globally  in  the  third  and  fourth  quarters  of  2020.  
However, within various time periods during 2021 that extended into early 2022, the number of reported positive cases in the United 
States spiked to very high levels due to the emergence of new variants of the virus.   At the date of this filing, the majority of the 
United States, including the areas in which the Company has its operations, have returned to substantively normal business and social 
activities.  

As a result of the initial and continuing outbreak, and governmental responses thereto, the spread of the coronavirus has caused us to 
modify  our  business  practices,  including  employee  travel,  employee  work  locations,  and  cancellation  of  physical  participation  in 
meetings,  events  and  conferences.    The  Company  has  many  employees  working  remotely  and  has  significantly  reduced  physical 
customer  contact  with  employees  and  other  customers.    Initially,  branch  activities  were  limited  to  drive-thru  transactions  whenever 
possible, teleconferencing and in-branch “appointments only” services.  The Bank’s branches were made fully accessible to the public 
in the early fall of 2020, but remained in strict compliance with all applicable social distancing and sanitization guidelines.  Since the 
start of the pandemic, transactional volume has also increased through the Bank’s telephone, mobile and internet banking channels.  
We will take further actions, focused on safety, as may be required by government authorities or that we determine to be in the best 
interests of our employees, customers and business partners. 

Concerns about the spread of the disease and its anticipated negative impact on economic activity, severely disrupted both domestic 
and international financial markets prompting the world’s central banks to inject significant amounts of monetary stimulus into their 
respective  economies.  In  the  United  States,  the  Federal  Reserve  System’s  Federal  Open  Market  Committee,  swiftly  cut  the  target 
Federal Funds rate to a range of 0% to 0.25%, where it remained as of December 31, 2021.  In addition, the Federal Reserve initiated 
various  market  support  programs  to  ease  the  stress  on  financial  markets.    This  significant  reduction  in  short-term  interest  rates  has 
reduced, and will continue to reduce, the Bank’s cost of funds and interest earning-asset yields.  The long-term effects of the current 
interest rate environment, resulting from government and central bank responses to the pandemic, on the Bank’s net interest margin 
cannot be predicted with certainty at this time.

The  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and  Economic  Security  Act  (“CARES  Act”),  signed  into  law  on  March  27,  2020,  provided  financial 
assistance  in  various  forms  to  both  businesses  and  consumers,  including  the  establishment  and  funding  of  the  Paycheck  Protection 
Program (“PPP”).  In addition, the CARES Act also created many directives affecting the operations of financial services providers, 
such  as  the  Company,  including  a  forbearance  program  for  federally-backed  mortgage  loans  and  protections  for  borrowers  from 
negative credit reporting due to loan accommodations related to the national emergency. The banking regulatory agencies also issued 
guidance  encouraging  financial  institutions  to  work  prudently  with  borrowers  who  were,  or  were  potentially,  unable  to  meet  their 
contractual  payment  obligations  because  of  the  effects  of  COVID-19.  The  Company  worked  throughout  the  pandemic  to  assist  its 
business and consumer customers affected by COVID-19.  

The Bank participated in all phases of the PPP funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the U.S. SBA pursuant to 
the CARES Act and subsequent legislation.  PPP loans have an interest rate of 1.0% and a two-year or five-year loan term to maturity. 
The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers.  The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, 
including  any  accrued  interest,  is  eligible  to  be  reduced  by  the  loan  forgiveness  amount  under  the  PPP  so  long  as  employee  and 
compensation levels of the business are maintained and the loan proceeds are used for qualifying expenses. Through the end of the 
program  in  the  early  spring  of  2021,  the  Company  received  approval  from  the  SBA  for  1,120  loans  totaling  approximately  $109.8 
million  through  this  program.  The  Bank  is  now  also  assisting  borrowers  with  the  loan  forgiveness  phase  of  the  process.  As  of 
December 31, 2021, the Company has submitted 864 loans totaling approximately $90.5 million to the SBA for forgiveness. The Bank 
received $4.0 million in fees from the SBA associated with PPP lending activities during 2020 and 2021 and recognized $2.2 million 
and $900,000 of those fees in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Accordingly, $3.1 million in deferred fee income on a cumulative basis 
was subtracted from the carrying value of the PPP loans held in portfolio and the remaining $912,000 in deferred collected fees will be 
recognized in future periods.   

Through December 31, 2020, the Bank granted payment deferral requests for an initial period of 90 days on 618 loans representing 
approximately  $137.4  million  of  existing  loan  balances.    Upon  the  receipt  of  borrower  requests,  additional  90  day  deferral  periods 
were generally granted.  Consistent with industry regulatory guidance, borrowers that were granted COVID-19 related deferrals but 
were  otherwise  current  on  loan  payments  continued  to  have  their  loans  reported  as  current  loans  during  the  agreed  upon  deferral 

- 139 -

period(s), accrue interest and not be accounted for as troubled debt restructurings. Of these granted deferrals, 303 loans, totaling $24.0 
million,  were  residential  mortgage  or  consumer  loans.    At  December  31,  2020,  265  residential  and  consumer  loans,  totaling  $21.3 
million,  had  returned  to  non-deferral  status.    Of  these  granted  deferrals,  315  loans,  totaling  $113.3  million,  were  commercial  real 
estate or other commercial and industrial loans. At December 31, 2020, 291 commercial real estate or other commercial and industrial 
loans,  totaling  $98.9  million,  had  returned  to  non-deferral  status.  Therefore,  at  December  31,  2020,  38  residential  mortgage  and 
consumer loans, totaling $2.7 million and 24 commercial real estate and other commercial and industrial loans, totaling $14.4 million 
remained  in  deferral  status.    These  loans  still  in  deferral  status  therefore  totaled  $17.1  million  and  represented  2.1%  of  all  loans 
outstanding at December 31, 2020. After consultations with certain of these commercial loan borrowers, 11 loans, representing $8.3 
million, were granted an additional 90 day deferral period beyond 180 days as of December 31, 2020.  These loans are included in the 
$17.1 million in loans still in deferred status at December 31, 2020.   On an extremely limited basis, additional deferral periods were 
granted  subject  to  further  analysis  and  discussion  with  specific  borrowers.    To  the  extent  that  such  modifications  met  the  criteria 
previously described these loans were not classified as troubled debt restructurings nor classified as nonperforming at December 31, 
2020.    Loans  not  granted  additional  deferral  periods  were  categorized  as  nonaccrual  loans  if  the  borrowers  failed  to  make  the  first 
scheduled payment following the end of the deferral period, or became seriously delinquent thereafter. During the course of 2021, all 
deferred  loans  were  either  returned  to  accrual  status  or  appropriately  characterized  as  nonaccrual  as  dictated  by  their  repayment 
activities.  Therefore, the Company had no loans in deferral status at December 31, 2021. 

- 140 -

      
       
In addition, the future credit-related performance of a loan portfolio generally depends upon the types of loans within the portfolio, 
concentrations by type of loan and the quality of the collateral securing the loans.  The following table details the Company's loan 
portfolio by collateral type within major categories as of December 31, 2021:

Balance

247,276    #   

Number
of Loans  
2,109 

Average
Loan
Balance  
117 

 $

Minimum/
Maximum
Loan Balance

Allowance 
for Loan 
Losses

Percent
of
Total
Loans  

 $

0  - $

1,522    $

872 

30%

  $

 $

 (Dollars in thousands)
Residential Mortgage Loans

Commercial Real Estate:

Mixed Use
Multi-Family Residential
Hotels and Motels
Office
Retail
1-4 Family Residential
Automobile Dealership
Skilled Nursing Facility
Recreation/ Golf Course/
   Marina
Warehouse
Manufacturing/Industrial
Restaurant
Automobile Repair
Hospitals
Not-For-Profit & Community Service Real 
Estate
Land
All Other

Total Commercial Real Estate Loans

  $

42,798   
40,992   
35,398   
37,886   
26,600   
19,658   
15,072   
11,893   

13,423   
8,463   
6,296   
6,339   
4,528   
4,086   

3,360   
5,624   
6,034   
288,450   

Commercial and Industrial:

Secured Term Loans
Unsecured Term Loans
Secured Lines of Credit
Unsecured Lines of Credit

Total Commercial and
   Industrial Loans

Tax Exempt Loans

Paycheck Protection Loans

Consumer:

Home Equity Lines of Credit
Vehicle
Consumer Secured
Consumer Unsecured
All Others

Total Consumer Loans

Net deferred loan fees
Unallocated allowance for
   loan losses

Total Loans

 $

56,437   
12,698   
54,716   
7,168   

  $

131,019   

  $

  $

 $

  $

5,811   

19,338   

31,738   
18,629   
80,466   
9,013   
1,999   
141,845   

(1,280)  

- 

(12,935)  
819,524   

  $

- 
12,786 

- 141 -

55 
58 
10 
68 
50 
156 
8 
2 

14 
14 
17 
24 
12 
3 

3 
8 
29 
531 

369 
105 
266 
146 

886 

20 

256 

902 
1,337 
4,205 
1,795 
745 
8,984 

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

778 
707 
3,540 
557 
532 
126 
1,884 
5,947 

959 
605 
370 
264 
377 
1,362 

1,120 
703 
208 
543 

153 
121 
206 
49 

148 

291 

76 

35 
14 
19 
5 
3 
16 

- 

- 
64 

 $

28  - $
21  -  
315  -  
1  -  
29  -  
0  -  
161  -  
   3,800  -  

6,185    $
6,209   
11,500   
4,744   
5,028   
1,363   
6,589   
8,092   

13  -  
67  -  
54  -  
39  -  
36  -  
75  -  

103  -  
63  -  
14  -  

3,150   
2,599   
1,378   
1,188   
2,244   
3,105   

1,719   
2,287   
734   

    $

-  - $
-  -  
-  -  
-  -  

4,485    $
920   
4,813   
1,600   

788 
754 
651 
697 
489 
362 
277 
219 

247 
156 
116 
117 
83 
75 

62 
103 
111 
5,308 

1,593 
358 
1,544 
202 

 $

3,698 

3  - $

2,248    $

0  - $

870    $

3 

- 

-  - $
0  -  
18  -  
-  -  
-  -  

504    $
436   
107   
90   
57   

  $

774 
219 
948 
106 
24 
2,071 

- 

 $

 $

 $

 $

5%
5%
4%
5%
3%
2%
2%
1%

2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%

0%
1%
1%
35%

7%
2%
7%
90%

16%

1%

2%

4%
2%
10%
1%
0%
17%

- 

983 
12,935 

  $

- 
100%

 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
    
 
     
   
 
  
  
  
 
   
           
   
   
   
   
 
     
   
   
   
 
 
 
    
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
    
  
  
     
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
    
  
  
     
 
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
   
 
  
  
  
    
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
   
 
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
    
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
 
 
  
NOTE 30: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On March 25, 2022, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had declared a cash dividend of $0.09 per common share, and 
a cash dividend of $0.09 per notional share for the issued Warrant.  The dividend will be payable on May 6, 2022 to shareholders of 
record on April 22, 2022. 

ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) 
(the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer), management conducted an evaluation (the “Evaluation”) of 
the  effectiveness  of  the  design  and  operation  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Rule 13a-15(e) and  15d-
15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2021.  The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” under the Exchange Act, 
means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company 
in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods 
specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures 
designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange 
Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as 
appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

In connection with the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2021, our CEO and CFO concluded that the 
design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2021.

In connection with the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K as of December 31, 2020, our CEO and CFO concluded that the 
design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at December 31, 2020, at the reasonable assurance 
level,  due  to  the  material  weakness  described  below.  The  control  deficiencies  created  a  reasonable  possibility  that  a  material 
misstatement to the consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Specifically, management 
identified two areas that, under applicable SEC accounting rules, each constituted a “material weakness” at December 31, 2020.  The 
first  material  weaknesses  identified  ineffectiveness  in  the  controls  related  to  Related  Party  (as  defined  in  applicable  regulations) 
transactions  that  included  procedural  and  documentary  deficiencies  related  to  underwriting  risk  ratings  and  the  completeness  of 
borrower  reviews.    The  second  identified  area  of  material  weakness  at  December  31,  2020  identified  related  to  loan  authorization, 
disbursement and file maintenance controls.  

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
During  2021,  we  evaluated,  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Management necessarily applied its judgment in 
assessing the costs and benefits of those controls and procedures, which by their nature, can provide only reasonable assurance about 
management’s  control  objectives.  It  should  be  noted  that  the  design  of  any  system  of  controls  is  based  in  part  upon  certain 
assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and we cannot make absolute assurances that any design will succeed in achieving 
its  stated  goals  under  all  potential  future  conditions,  regardless  of  how  remote.  Based  upon  this  evaluation,  our  Chief  Executive 
Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and operating to provide 
reasonable assurance that we record, process, summarize, and report the information we are required to disclose in the reports that we 
file or submit under the Exchange Act within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and to provide reasonable 
assurance  that  we  accumulate  and  communicate  such  information  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and 
Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions about required disclosure.

Remediation of Material Weakness
To address the previously reported material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described in Part II, Item 9A of our 
2020 Form 10-K, we designed and implemented new controls, enhanced existing controls, increased dedicated personnel, improved 
reporting processes, and enhanced the use of related supporting technology. Based on the actions taken, as well as the evaluation of 
the  design  and  operating  effectiveness  of  the  new  controls,  we  determined  that  the  material  weakness  has  been  remediated  as  of 
December 31, 2021

- 142 -

 
During the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed the testing of the adopted changes to our internal control over financial reporting 
related to our remediation efforts described above that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal 
control over financial reporting. 

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 
Other than as described above, we did not make any additional changes in internal control over financial reporting during the year 
ended December 31, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

ITEM 9B: OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C: DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10: DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Information concerning the directors of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Proposal 1 of the Company’s 
Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

Information  concerning  the  officers  and  directors  compliance  with  Section  16(a)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  is 
incorporated  herein by  reference  to  the  Company’s  Proxy  Statement  for  the  Annual  Meeting  of  Shareholders  under the 
caption “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports”.

Information  concerning  the  Company’s  Code  of  Ethics  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  the  Company’s  Proxy 
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Code of Ethics”.

Information  concerning  the  Company’s  Audit  Committee  and  “financial  expert”  thereof  is  incorporated  herein  by 
reference  to  the  Company’s  Proxy  Statement  for  the  Annual  Meeting  of  Shareholders  under  the  caption  “Audit 
Committee”.

(e)

Set forth below is information concerning the Executive Officers of the Company at December 31, 2021.

Name
Thomas W. Schneider
James A. Dowd, CPA
Ronald Tascarella
Walter F. Rusnak, CPA, CGMA
Daniel R. Phillips
William O’Brien
Calvin L. Corriders

Age
60
54
63
68
57
56
59

Positions Held With the Company
President and Chief Executive Officer
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
Executive Vice President, Chief Banking Officer
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Controller
Senior Vice President, Chief Information Officer
Senior Vice President, Chief Risk Officer and Corporate Secretary
Regional President, Syracuse Market/HR Director

ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

(a)

(b)

Information with respect to management compensation and transactions required under this item is incorporated by reference 
hereunder  in  the  Company's  Proxy  Materials  for  the  Annual  Meeting  of  Shareholders  under  the  caption  "Compensation 
Committee".  

Information concerning director compensation is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 
Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Directors Compensation”.

ITEM  12:  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND  RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The  information  required  by  this  item  is  incorporated  by  reference  hereunder  in  the  Company’s  Proxy  Materials  for  the  Annual 
Meeting of Shareholders under the caption "Voting Securities and Principal Holders Thereof." 

- 143 -

ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The  information  required  by  this  item  is  incorporated  by  reference  hereunder  in  the  Company’s  Proxy  Materials  for  the  Annual 
Meeting  of  Shareholders  under  the  captions  “Independence  and  Diversity  of  Directors”  and  "Transactions  with  Certain  Related 
Persons”.

ITEM 14: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The  information  required  by  this  item  is  incorporated  by  reference  hereunder  in  the  Company’s  Proxy  Materials  for  the  Annual 
Meeting of Shareholders under the caption "Audit and Related Fees".

- 144 -

PART IV

ITEM 15: EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1)

(a)(2)

(b)

  3.1

  3.2

  3.3

 3.4

 3.5

  4.1

  4.2

  4.3

 4.4

 4.5

 4.6

 4.7

10.1

10.2

10.3

Financial  Statements  -  The  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements,  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2021  and 
2020, together with the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are filed as part of this Form 10-K 
report.  See “Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”  

Financial  Statement  Schedules  -  All  financial  statement  schedules  have  been  omitted  as  the  required  information  is 
inapplicable or has been included in “Item 7: Management Discussion and Analysis.”

Exhibits

Articles  of  Incorporation  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  to  Pathfinder 
Bancorp, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, file no. 333-196676, originally filed on June 11, 2014)

Bylaws  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.2  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1, file no. 333-196676, filed on June 11, 2014)

Articles Supplementary to the Articles of Incorporation of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. designating the Company’s Series B 
Convertible  Perpetual  Preferred  Stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  to 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on May 9, 2019)

Amendment to the Articles Supplementary to the Articles of Incorporation of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. designating the 
Series B Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on November 17, 2020)

Articles  Supplementary  to  the  Articles  of  Incorporation  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  creating  Class  A  Non-Voting 
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp Inc.’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on June 10, 2021)

Form  of  Stock  Certificate  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4  to  Pathfinder 
Bancorp, Inc.’s  Registration Statement on Form S-1, file no. 333-196676, filed on June 11, 2014)

Indenture  between  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.,  a  federal  corporation,  and  Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  trustee,  dated 
March 22, 2007 (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-
K, file no. 001-36695, filed on October 22, 2014)

Supplemental Indenture between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, dated October 16, 
2014 (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, file no. 
001-36695, filed on October 22, 2014)

Warrant Agreement, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and Castle Creek Capital Partners VII, L.P., dated May 8, 
2019 (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, file no. 
001-36695, filed on May 9, 2019)

Description  of  Common  Stock  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.5  to  the  Company’s  Annual  Report  on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 file no 000-36695, filed on March 23, 2020) 

Indenture, dated as of October 14, 2020, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and UMB Bank, National Association, 
as trustee (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, file 
no. 001-36695, filed on October 15, 2020)

Form of 5.50% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Note due 2030 of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.6)

2003 Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 file no. 000-23601, filed on March 27, 2009)

2003 Trustee Deferred Fee Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 file no. 000-23601, filed on March 27, 2009)

Employment  Agreement  between  Pathfinder  Bank  and  Thomas  W.  Schneider,  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 

- 145 -

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

December 31, 2008, file no. 000-23601, filed on March 27, 2009) 

Executive  Supplemental  Retirement  Plan  Agreement  between  Pathfinder  Bank  and  Thomas  W.  Schneider  effective 
February 24, 2014 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report Form 8-K, 
file no. 000-23601, filed on February 25, 2014)

Executive Supplemental Retirement Plan Agreement between Pathfinder Bank and James A. Dowd effective February 
24,  2014  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.15  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.’s  Current  Report  Form  8-K,  file  no. 
000-23601, filed on February 25, 2014)

Amended  and  Restated  Declaration  of  Trust  among  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.,  a  federal  corporation,  as  Sponsor, 
Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  Delaware  and  Institutional  Trustee,  and  the  administrative  trustees  of  the  Pathfinder 
Statutory Trust II (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 
8-K, file no. 001-36695,  filed on October 22, 2014)

Amendment  two  to  the  Trustee  Deferral  Fee  Plan  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.17  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp, 
Inc.’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on March 18, 2015)

Amendment one to the Executive Deferral Compensation Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to Pathfinder 
Bancorp, Inc.’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on March 18, 2015)

Amendment  one  to  the  Supplemental  Executive  Retirement  Plan  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.19  to 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on March 18, 2015)

Subordinated Loan Agreement (Incorporated herein by reference to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 
8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on October 19, 2015)

2016 Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to Pathfinder Bancorp, 
Inc.’s Proxy Statement, file no. 001-36695, filed on March 29, 2016.

Executive Supplemental Retirement Plan Agreement between Pathfinder Bank and Ronald Tascarella effective February 
24, 2014 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s  Annual Report on Form 10-K, file 
no. 001-36695, filed on March 30, 2018).

Senior  Executive  Split  Dollar  Life  Insurance  Plan  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp, 
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed no. 001-36695, filed on January 7, 2019.

Change of Control Agreement between Pathfinder Bank and James A. Dowd (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 
to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed no. 001-36695, filed on January 7, 2019.

Change  of  Control  Agreement  between  Pathfinder  Bank  and  Ronald  Tascarella  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.3 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed no. 001-36695, filed on January 7, 2019.

Securities Purchase Agreement, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and the Purchasers Identified on the Signature 
Pages  Thereto,  dated  May  8,  2019  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on May 9, 2019)

Registration Rights Agreement, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and Castle Creek Capital Partners VII, L.P., 
dated  May  8,  2019  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.’s  Current  Report  on 
Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on May 9, 2019)

Form of Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2020, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. 
and the Several Purchasers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on October 15, 2020)

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2020, by and between Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. and the 
Several Purchasers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, 
file no. 001-36695, filed on October 15, 2020)

Exchange  Agreement,  dated  as  of  November  13,  2020,  by  and  between  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  and  Castle  Creek 
Capital  Partners  VII,  LP.  (Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.’s  Current  Report  on 

- 146 -

Form 8-K, file no. 001-36695, filed on November 17, 2020)

Code of Ethics (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the year ended December 31, 2003, file no. 000-23601, filed on March 31, 2004)

Subsidiaries of Registrant

Consent of Bonadio & Co., LLP

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002

Interactive  data  files  pursuant  to  Rule 405  of  Regulation  S-T:  (i) the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Condition  as  of 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 
2020,  (iii) the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2021  and  2020, 
(iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, 
(v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and (vi) the Notes to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

14

21

23

31.1

31.2

32

101

104

ITEM 16: FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None. 

- 147 -

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be 
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 25, 2022

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.

By:

/s/ Thomas W. Schneider
Thomas W. Schneider
President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf 
of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

By:

/s/ Thomas W. Schneider
Thomas W. Schneider, President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ Walter F. Rusnak
Walter F. Rusnak, Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ Lloyd Stemple
Lloyd Stemple, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ John P. Funiciello
John Funiciello, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ David A. Ayoub
David A. Ayoub, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ Adam C. Gagas
Adam C. Gagas, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ William A. Barclay
William A. Barclay, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ Chris R. Burritt
Chris R. Burritt, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ John F. Sharkey
John F. Sharkey, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

By:

/s/ Melanie Littlejohn
Melanie Littlejohn, Director

Date: March 25, 2022

- 148 -

April 8, 2022

Dear Shareholder: 

We cordially invite you to attend the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. The Annual Meeting will be held 
at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on May 13, 2022. We are pleased that this year’s Annual Meeting will be conducted solely online via 
live webcast. There is no physical location for the Annual Meeting.  You will be able to attend and participate in the Annual Meeting 
online,  vote  your  shares  electronically  and  submit  your  questions  prior 
the  meeting  by  visiting: 
www.meetnow.global/MY9FFMD.  There is no password requirement for this meeting.  Please note that this virtual meeting service 
is not supported by Internet Explorer. 

to  and  during 

The  enclosed  Notice  of  Annual  Meeting  and  Proxy  Statement  describe  the  formal  business  to  be  transacted.  During  the  Annual 
Meeting, we will also report on our operations. Directors and officers, as well as a representative of our independent registered public 
accounting firm, will be present to respond to questions that shareholders may properly present.

The Annual Meeting is being held so that shareholders may consider the election of six directors and the appointment of Bonadio & 
Co., LLP, as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2022.

For the reasons set forth in the Proxy Statement, the Board of Directors unanimously recommends a vote “FOR” the election of the 
nominated  directors  and  “FOR”  the  ratification  of  the  appointment  of  Bonadio  &  Co.,  LLP  as  our  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2022.

On behalf of the Board of Directors, we urge you to sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card as soon as possible, or vote by 
telephone or internet as directed on our Proxy Card enclosed, even if you currently plan to attend the Annual Meeting. This will not 
prevent you from voting at the Annual Meeting, but will assure that your vote is counted if you are unable to attend the meeting. Your 
vote is important, regardless of the number of shares that you own.

Sincerely,

Thomas W. Schneider
President and Chief Executive Officer

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
214 West First Street
Oswego, New York 13126
(315) 343-0057

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS – May 13, 2022

Notice is hereby given that the Annual Meeting of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. will be held at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on May 13, 2022. 
This year’s Annual Meeting will be conducted solely online via live webcast. There is no physical location for the Annual Meeting. 
You will be able to attend and participate in the Annual Meeting online, vote your shares electronically and submit your questions 
prior to and during the meeting by visiting: www.meetnow.global/MY9FFMD.  There is no password requirement for this meeting.  
Please note that this virtual meeting service is not supported by Internet Explorer. Details regarding how to participate in the meeting 
online are more fully described in the accompanying proxy statement.

A Proxy Card and a Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting are enclosed.

The Annual Meeting is for the purpose of considering and acting upon:

(1) The election of six directors; and
(2) The ratification of the appointment of Bonadio & Co., LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm 

for the year ending December 31, 2022; and

such other matters as may properly come before the Annual Meeting, or any adjournments thereof. The Board of Directors is not 
aware of any other business to come before the Annual Meeting.

Any action may be taken on the foregoing proposals at the Annual Meeting on the date specified above, or on any date or dates to 
which the Annual Meeting may be adjourned. Shareholders of record at the close of business on March 24, 2022 are the shareholders 
entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, and any adjournments thereof.

EACH SHAREHOLDER, WHETHER HE OR SHE PLANS TO ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING, IS REQUESTED TO SIGN, DATE AND 
RETURN  THE  ENCLOSED  PROXY  CARD  WITHOUT  DELAY  IN  THE  ENCLOSED  POSTAGE-PAID  ENVELOPE  OR  VOTE  BY 
TELEPHONE OR INTERNET AS DIRECTED ON OUR PROXY CARD ENCLOSED.  ANY PROXY GIVEN BY THE SHAREHOLDER MAY 
BE  REVOKED  AT  ANY  TIME  BEFORE  IT  IS  EXERCISED.  A  PROXY  MAY  BE  REVOKED  BY  FILING  WITH  OUR  CORPORATE 
SECRETARY  A  WRITTEN  REVOCATION  OR  A  DULY  EXECUTED  PROXY  BEARING  A  LATER  DATE.  ANY  SHAREHOLDER 
PRESENT AT THE ANNUAL MEETING MAY REVOKE HIS OR HER PROXY AND VOTE ELECTRONICALLY ON EACH MATTER 
BROUGHT BEFORE THE ANNUAL MEETING. HOWEVER, IF YOU ARE A SHAREHOLDER WHOSE SHARES ARE NOT REGISTERED 
IN YOUR OWN NAME, YOU WILL NEED TO REGISTER IN ADVANCE TO ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING VIRTUALLY ON THE 
INTERNET.  OUR PROXY STATEMENT, ANNUAL REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS AND PROXY CARD ARE AVAILABLE ON THE 
INTERNET AT WWW.PATHFINDERBANK.COM/ANNUALMEETING.  

By Order of the Board of Directors

April 8, 2022

William O’Brien, Secretary

IMPORTANT:  A SELF-ADDRESSED ENVELOPE IS ENCLOSED FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE. NO POSTAGE IS REQUIRED IF MAILED WITHIN THE UNITED STATES.

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight Rule of the Board of Directors
Independence and Diversity of Directors
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

Transactions with Certain Related Persons

Proxy Solicitation Costs 
Revocation of Proxies
Conduct of Meeting

Information about this Proxy Statement and the Annual Meeting 
A. Date, Time and Place
B. Voting Securities and Principal Holders Thereof
C.
D.
E.
F. Attendance of Directors at the Annual Meeting
G. Other Matters
H.
Smaller Reporting Company
Our Governance and Beneficial Ownership
A.
B.
C.
D. Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports
E.
F. Anti-Hedging Policy
G.
Code of Ethics
H.
Shareholder Communications
Meetings and Committees of the Board of Directors
A. Nominating/Governance Committee
B.
C. Audit Committee
D. Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO)
E.
Executive/Loan Committee
F. Other Committees
Compensation Disclosure
A.
B.
C. Directors’ Compensation
Proposal 1 – Election of Directors
A.
Composition of our Board
B. Nominees
C.
Continuing Directors
D.
Executive Officers who are not Directors
Proposal 2– Ratification of Appointment of Auditors
A. Audit and Related Fees for 2021
B. Audit Committee Report
Next Year

Executive Compensation
Compensation of our Named Executive Officers

Compensation Committee

I.

II.

III.

IV

V.

VI.

VII.

PAGE #
4
4
4
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
12
12
13
13
13
13
13
15
19
20
20
21
23
24
24
25
25
26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
214 West First Street
Oswego, New York 13126
(315) 343-0057

I.

INFORMATION ABOUT THIS PROXY STATEMENT AND THE ANNUAL MEETING

A. DATE, TIME AND PLACE

This proxy statement is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies on behalf of the Board of Directors of Pathfinder 
Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) to be used at our Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “Annual Meeting”), which will be held 
on May 13, 2022 at 10:00 a.m., Eastern Time, and all adjournments of the Annual Meeting. The accompanying notice of Annual 
Meeting and this proxy statement are first being mailed to shareholders on or about April 8, 2022.

The Annual Meeting will be a completely virtual meeting of shareholders, which will be conducted exclusively by webcast. 
You are entitled to participate in the Annual Meeting only if you were a shareholder of the Company as of the close of business 
on March 24, 2022 (the “Record Date”), or if you hold a valid proxy for the Annual Meeting. No physical meeting will be held. 
If you are unable to access the virtual meeting and need assistance finding a place to access the Annual Meeting on the internet, 
please contact the Company at 315-207-8039 prior to May 10, 2022.  

You  will  be  able  to  attend  the  Annual  Meeting  online  and  submit  your  questions  during  the  meeting  by  visiting 
www.meetnow.global/MY9FFMD.  There is no password requirement for this meeting.  Please note that this virtual meeting 
service is not supported by Internet Explorer.  You also will be able to vote your shares online by attending the Annual Meeting 
by webcast. To participate in the Annual Meeting, you will need to review the information included on your proxy card or on 
the  instructions  that  accompanied  your  proxy  materials.  The  online  meeting  will  begin  promptly  at  10:00  a.m.  Eastern 
Time. We encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time leaving ample time for the check in. Please follow 
the registration instructions as outlined in this proxy statement.  

B. VOTING SECURITIES AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS THEREOF

Holders of record of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, as of the close of business on the Record Date, are entitled 
to one vote for each share they own. As of the Record Date, we had 4,603,184 shares of voting common stock outstanding.  
The presence at the Annual Meeting or by proxy of a majority of the outstanding shares of voting common stock entitled to 
vote is necessary to constitute a quorum at the Annual Meeting. If a shareholder holds shares in street name (i.e., the shares are 
held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank, trust, or other institution) and does not provide voting instructions to the holder 
of the account for non-discretionary voting items such as the election of directors, such shares will be considered “Broker non-
votes.” Broker non-votes and proxies marked “abstain” will be counted for purposes of determining that a quorum is present, 
but will not be considered as votes cast as to the matters to be considered.

As to the election of directors, shareholders may cast their votes “For” or “Withhold.”  As to the ratification of our independent 
registered public-accounting firm, shareholders may cast their votes “For,” “Against” or “Abstain.

Directors are elected by a plurality of votes cast, without regard to either broker non-votes, or proxies as to which the authority 
to vote for the nominees being proposed is withheld. The affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the total votes cast at the 
Annual Meeting or by proxy, without regard to broker non-votes or proxies as to which shareholders abstain, is required for 
the  ratification  of  Bonadio  &  Co.,  LLP  as  our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  (the  “Auditors”)  for  the  year 
ending December 31, 2022.

In accordance with the provisions of our Articles of Incorporation, record holders of common stock who beneficially own in 
excess of 10% of the outstanding shares of our voting common stock (the “Limit”) are not entitled to any vote with respect to 
the shares held in excess of the Limit unless approved by our Board of Directors. Our Articles of Incorporation authorize the 
Board of Directors (i) to make all determinations necessary to implement and apply the Limit, including determining whether 

4

persons or entities are acting in concert, and (ii) to demand that any person who is reasonably believed to beneficially own 
stock  in  excess  of  the  Limit  supply  information  to  us  to  enable  the  Board  of  Directors  to  implement  and  apply  the  Limit.  
However, pursuant to our Articles of Incorporation, our employee stock ownership plan will not be deemed to beneficially own 
any “over the limit Company stock” held under such plan. Castle Creek Capital Partners VII, L.P. has been approved by the 
Board of Directors to vote shares held in excess of the Limit.

If you participate in the Pathfinder Bank (“Pathfinder Bank” or the “Bank”) Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the “ESOP”), 
you will receive a voting instruction card so that you may direct the trustee to vote on your behalf under the plan.  Under the 
terms of the ESOP, the ESOP trustee votes all shares held by the ESOP, but each ESOP participant may direct the trustee how 
to vote the shares of voting common stock allocated to his or her account.  The ESOP trustee, subject to the exercise of its 
fiduciary responsibilities, will vote all unallocated shares of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. common stock held by the ESOP and 
allocated shares for which no voting instructions are received in the same proportion as shares for which it has received timely 
voting instructions.  The deadline for returning your ESOP voting instructions is May 4, 2022.

If you are a registered shareholder (i.e., you hold your shares through our transfer agent, Computershare), you do not need to 
register  to  attend  the  Annual  Meeting  virtually  on  the  Internet.  Please  follow  the  instructions  on  the  proxy  card  that  you 
received. 

If you hold your shares through an intermediary, such as a bank or broker, you must register in advance to attend the Annual 
Meeting virtually on the Internet. 

To  register  to  attend  the  Annual  Meeting  online  by  webcast  you  must  submit  proof  of  your  proxy  power  (legal  proxy) 
reflecting your Company holdings along with your name and email address to Computershare. Requests for registration must 
be labeled as “Legal Proxy” and be received no later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on May 11, 2022.

You  will  receive  a  confirmation  of  your  registration  by  email  after  we  receive  your  registration  materials.  Requests  for 
registration should be directed to us at the following:

•

•

the  email  from  your  broker,  or  attach  an 

By  email  -  Forward 
legalproxy@computershare.com
By mail:
Computershare 
Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. Legal Proxy
P.O. Box 43001
Providence, RI 02940-3001

image  of  your 

legal  proxy, 

to 

C. PROXY SOLICITATION COSTS

The Company will pay all costs relating to the solicitation of proxies. Proxies may be solicited by officers, directors, and staff 
members of the Company personally, by mail, by telephone, or by other electronic means. The Company will also reimburse 
brokers, custodians, nominees, and fiduciaries for reasonable expenses in forwarding proxy materials to beneficial owners of 
the Company’s stock.

D. REVOCATION OF PROXIES

Shareholders who sign the proxies we are soliciting will retain the right to revoke them in the manner described below. Unless 
so revoked, the shares represented by such proxies will be voted at the Annual Meeting and all adjournments thereof. Proxies 
solicited  on  behalf  of  the  Board  of  Directors  will  be  voted  in  accordance  with  the  directions  given  thereon.  Where  no 
instructions are indicated, validly executed proxies will be voted in favor of all proposals. If any other matters are properly 
brought before the Annual Meeting, the persons named in the accompanying proxy will vote the shares as directed by a majority 
of the Board of Directors in attendance at the Annual Meeting.  We know of no additional matters that will be presented for 
consideration at the Annual Meeting.  

Proxies may be revoked by sending written notice of revocation to our Secretary, at the address shown above, by delivering to 
us a duly executed proxy bearing a later date or by attending the Annual Meeting and voting. The presence at the Annual 
Meeting of any shareholder who had returned a proxy will not revoke the proxy unless the shareholder votes electronically at 

5

the Annual Meeting or delivers a written revocation to our Secretary prior to the voting of the proxy. If you are a shareholder 
whose shares are not registered in your name, you must register in advance following the instructions described above.

E. CONDUCT OF MEETING

In accordance with our bylaws, and by action of the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board will preside over the Annual 
Meeting.  The Chair of the Board has broad authority to ensure the orderly conduct of the meeting.  This includes discretion to 
recognize shareholders who have questions, and the right to determine the extent of discussion on each item of business.  Rules 
governing the conduct of the meeting have been established and will be available at the meeting along with the agenda of the 
matters to be considered at the Annual Meeting.

F. ATTENDANCE OF DIRECTORS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING

The Company does not have a policy regarding the attendance of Board members at the Annual Meeting, although all are 
encouraged to attend.  Eight directors attended the 2021 Annual Meeting.

G. OTHER MATTERS

The Board of Directors is not aware of any business to come before the Annual Meeting other than the matters described in 
this Proxy Statement. However, if any matters should properly come before the Annual Meeting, it is intended that holders of 
the proxies will act as directed by a majority of the Board of Directors, except for matters related to the conduct of the Annual 
Meeting,  as  to  which  they  shall  act  in  accordance  with  their  best  judgment.  The  Board  of  Directors  intends  to  exercise  its 
discretionary authority to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland Law and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 

H. SMALLER REPORTING COMPANY

The  Company  has  elected  to  prepare  this  Proxy  Statement  and  other  annual  and  periodic  reports  as  a  “Smaller  Reporting 
Company” consistent with rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

II.

OUR GOVERNANCE AND BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP

A. LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE AND RISK OVERSIGHT ROLE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our Board has a separate person serve as Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chair of the Board and has functioned in that 
manner since the year 2000.  Mr. Burritt, our Chair, is an independent director as defined by NASDAQ’s listing requirements. 
The  Company  has  spent  significant  time  evaluating  its  leadership  structure  and  has  determined  that,  under  the  present 
circumstances,  separating  the  Chair  and  CEO  positions  is  appropriate.    We  believe  this  separation  allows  our  Board  to 
concentrate on policy and strategy and our CEO the time to concentrate on executing such strategy.  Additionally, we believe 
this structure is most appropriate given the Board’s role in monitoring the Company’s execution of its business plan and the 
risk elements associated with such execution.

The primary risks facing the Bank, as the operating subsidiary of the Company, are interest rate risk, liquidity risk, investment 
risk, credit risk, risks associated with inadequate allowance for loan losses, cyber security risks, competitive risks and regulatory 
risks.    While  the  full  Board  is  actively  engaged  in  monitoring  all  of  the  noted  risks,  we  have  further  assigned  specific 
responsibilities to Board Committees for detailed review.  The Asset/Liability Committee, with the assistance of professional 
consultants, monitors interest rate risk, investment risk and liquidity risk. The Executive/Loan Committee, with the assistance 
of a professional loan review consultant, monitors the credit risks and risks associated with allowance for loan losses.  The 
Technology Steering Committee, with the assistance of professional experts, monitors and responds to cyber risks.  In addition, 
we purchase internet liability and other insurance to protect us against cyber security risks.  The Audit/Compliance Committee 
monitors regulatory risks.  Every member of our Board engages in continuing education in an effort to monitor Enterprise Risk 
Management issues so that they can effectively engage in their oversight role.

B.

INDEPENDENCE AND DIVERSITY OF DIRECTORS

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. The Board of Directors has determined that all of its directors, 
with the exception of Mr. Schneider and Mr. Funiciello, are “independent” pursuant to NASDAQ’s listing requirements. In 

6

evaluating  the  independence  of  our  independent  directors,  we  considered  the  following  transactions  between  us  and  our 
independent directors during 2021 that are not required to be disclosed under “Transactions with Certain Related Persons:”

•

•

The  law  firm  of  which  our  Director  William  A.  Barclay  is  a  partner,  was  paid  for  real  estate  loan  closings  by 
borrowers and other legal matters in the amount of $38,445. 
The  firm  of  which  our  Director  David  A.  Ayoub  is  a  partner,  was  paid  $43,293  in  fees  associated  with  their 
assistance in the preparation of application forms for the Paycheck Protection Program, including referrals made to 
Pathfinder Bank.

Our Board of Directors has determined that these transactions did not impair the independence of the named directors.  Our 
independent directors hold executive sessions no less than twice a year.

Although the Nominating Committee does not have a formal policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying 
a  director  nominee,  diversity  is  considered  in  our  review  of  candidates.    The  Nominating  Committee  hopes  to  continue  to 
diversify our Board membership.  As considered by our Board, diversity includes not only gender and ethnicity, but the various 
perspectives that come from having differing viewpoints, geographic and cultural backgrounds, and life experiences.  

C. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

Persons and groups who beneficially own in excess of 5% of the Company's voting common stock are required to file Schedule 
13G  or  Schedule  13D  reports  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (the  “SEC”)  regarding  such  ownership.  The 
following table sets forth, as of the date of the most recent reports, the shares of voting common stock beneficially owned by 
each person or entity that was the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of voting common stock.  None 
of the shares beneficially owned by directors, executive officers or nominees to the board of directors have been pledged as 
security or collateral for any loans. 

The following table represents the ownership of our Schedule 13D and 13G filers as of the Record Date:

Amount Beneficially 
Owned

409,908 

Percentage of Shares of 
Voting Common Stock 
Outstanding
8.9%

405,383 

8.8%

251,746 

5.5%

Name and Address of Beneficial Owners

Castlecreek Capital Partners VII, LP (1)
Castlecreek Capital VII LLC
6051 El Tordo
PO Box 1329
Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067

Pathfinder Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan Trust (2)
c/o Pentegra Services, Inc.
2 Enterprise Drive, Suite 408
Shelton, CT  06484

Minerva Advisors, LLC (3)
Minerva Group, LP
Minerva GP, LP
Minerva GP, Inc.
David P. Cohen
50 Monument Road, Suite 201
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004

(1)

(2)

Based on information reported on a Schedule 13D/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on November 17, 2020, Castle Creek Capital Partners VII, LP and Castle Creek Capital VII, LLC reported 
shared voting power for 409,908 shares of our voting common stock and shared dispositive power over 
409,908 shares of our voting common stock.
Based on information reported on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on  February  11,  2022,  Pentegra  Trust  Company,  the  trustee  for  the  Pathfinder  Bank  Employee  Stock 
Ownership Plan, reported sole voting power for 72,366 shares of our voting common stock, shared voting 
power for 333,017 shares of our voting common stock, sole dispositive power over 376,886 shares of our 
voting common stock and shared dispositive power over 28,497 shares of our voting common stock.

7

  
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
(3)

Based on information reported on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
February  14,  2022,  Minerva  Advisors,  LLC,  Minerva  Group,  LP,  Minerva  GP,  LP,  Minerva  GP,  Inc.,  and 
David  P.  Cohen  reported  sole  dispositive  and  voting  power  with  respect  to  204,250  shares  of  our  voting 
common stock and Minerva Advisors, LLC and David P. Cohen reported shared dispositive and voting power 
with respect to 47,496 shares of our voting common stock.

The following table sets forth as of the Record Date, the shares of common stock beneficially owned by directors, executive 
officers and other management for whom we file Section 16 reports.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owners

Directors and Executive Officers (3)

Number of 
Shares Owned 
and Nature of 
Beneficial 
Ownership (1)
#

Number of 
Unexercised 
Stock Options 
which are 
included in 
Beneficial 
Ownership (2)
#

Percentage of 
Shares of 
Voting 
Common Stock 
Outstanding  

David A. Ayoub  (4)
William A. Barclay  (5)
Chris R. Burritt  (6)
John P. Funiciello (7)
Adam C. Gagas  (8)
Melanie Littlejohn (9)
John F. Sharkey, III   (10)
Lloyd "Buddy" Stemple  (11)
Thomas W. Schneider  (12)
James A. Dowd   (13)
Ronald Tascarella  (14)
Daniel R. Phillips   (15)
Calvin L. Corriders  (16)
Walter F. Rusnak (17)
William O'Brien (18)

All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (15 persons)

Section 16 Filers

Robert G. Butkowski
Ronald G. Tascarella

39,948   
90,750   
56,691   
45,537   
201,052   
12,302   
51,538   
71,570   
94,114   
67,863   
99,219   
60,646   
49,477   
76,495   
32,397   
1,049,599   

17,023   
8,787   
8,787   
8,787   
17,023   
8,787   
-   
-   
21,407   
13,556   
13,556   
33,793   
17,055   
13,222   
17,055   
198,838   

%
0.9
2.0
1.2
1.0
4.4
0.3
1.1
1.6
2.0
1.5
2.2
1.3
1.1
1.7
0.7
22.8

27,075   
22,844   

3,136   
3,609   

0.6
0.5

(1)

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

(6)
(7)
(8)

(9)
(10)
(11)

A person is deemed to be the beneficial owner, for purposes of this table, of any shares of voting common 
stock  if  he  has  shared  voting  or  investment  power  with  respect  to  such  security,  or  has  a  right  to  acquire 
beneficial ownership at any time within 60 days from the Record Date. As used herein, “voting power” is the 
power to vote or direct the voting of shares and “investment power” is the power to dispose or direct the 
disposition of shares.  This table includes all shares held directly, as well as by spouses and minor children, 
in trust and other indirect ownership, over which shares the named individuals effectively exercise sole or 
shared voting and investment power. Unless otherwise indicated, the named individual has sole voting and 
investment power. ESOP shares allocated to the officers are also included within their respective totals.
These options are exercisable within 60 days of the Record Date.  They cannot be voted until exercised.
The mailing address for each person listed is 214 West First Street, Oswego, New York 13126.
Mr. Ayoub’s shares include 17,763 in a 401(k) plan and 1,647 in an IRA.  
Mr. Barclay has sole voting and investment power over 19,987 shares and shared investment and voting power 
over 61,976 shares.
Mr. Burritt’s shares include 25,000 in an IRA.  
Mr. Funiciello’s shares include 5,000 in an IRA. 
Mr. Gagas’s shares include 14,300 in an IRA.  He has sole voting and investment power over 34,365 shares 
and shared investment and voting power over 149,664 shares.  
Ms. Littlejohn has sole voting and investment power over 3,515 shares.
Mr. Sharkey’s shares include 20,000 in an IRA.  
Mr.  Stemple  has  sole  voting  and  investment  power  over  69,070  shares  and  shared  investment  and  voting 
power over 2,500 shares.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)
(17)
(18)

Mr.  Schneider’s  shares  include  23,362  in  Pathfinder  Bank’s  401(k)  plan  and  19,233  in  Pathfinder  Bank’s 
ESOP.  He also has 2,259 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days of the record date.
Mr. Dowd’s shares include 16,607 in Pathfinder Bank’s 401(k) plan and 18,055 in Pathfinder Bank’s ESOP.  
He also has 1,054 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days of the record date.
Mr.  Tascarella’s  shares  include  20,292  in  Pathfinder  Bank’s  401(k)  plan  and  7,821  in  Pathfinder  Bank’s 
ESOP.  He has sole voting and investment power over 79,611 shares and shared investment and voting power 
over 5,000 shares.  He also has 1,054 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days of the record date.
Mr. Phillip’s shares include 6,021 in Pathfinder Bank’s 401(k) plan and 11,510 in Pathfinder Bank’s ESOP.  
He also has 1,054 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days of the record date.
Mr. Corrider’s shares include 15,974 in Pathfinder Bank’s 401(k) plan and 5,695 in Pathfinder Bank’s ESOP.
Mr. Rusnak’s shares include 25,000 in an IRA and 3,133 in Pathfinder Bank’s ESOP.   
Mr. O’Brien’s shares include 3,255 in Pathfinder Bank’s 401(k) plan and 7,201 in Pathfinder Bank’s ESOP. 

D. DELINQUENT SECTION 16(a) REPORTS

Our common stock is registered with the SEC pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange 
Act”). Our executive officers and directors and beneficial owners of greater than 10% of our common stock (“10% beneficial 
owners”) are required to file reports on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the SEC disclosing beneficial ownership and changes in beneficial 
ownership of the common stock. SEC rules require disclosure in our Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K of the 
failure of an executive officer, director or 10% beneficial owner of our common stock to file a Form 3, 4, or 5 on a timely basis. 
Thomas Schneider filed one late Form 4 reporting four transactions that occurred over a four day period. 

E.  TRANSACTIONS WITH CERTAIN RELATED PERSONS

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 generally prohibits an issuer from (i) extending or maintaining credit; (ii) arranging for the 
extension of credit; or (iii) renewing an extension of credit in the form of a personal loan for an officer or director. There are 
several exceptions to this general prohibition, however, one of which is applicable to us. This prohibition does not apply to 
loans made by a depository institution that is insured by the FDIC and is subject to the insider lending restrictions of the Federal 
Reserve Act.  Regulations permit executive officers and directors to receive the same loan terms through programs that are 
widely available to other employees, as long as the executive officer or director is not given preferential treatment compared 
to the other participating employees.  The Bank currently has loans to each of the following officers and/or directors or their 
immediate families: David Ayoub, Chris Burritt, James Dowd, John Funiciello, William O’Brien, Daniel Phillips, Thomas 
Schneider, John Sharkey III, Lloyd Stemple and Ronald Tascarella.  

After one year of service at the Bank, full-time employees and directors are entitled to receive a primary residence mortgage 
loan at an interest rate of 0.25% below market, consistent with applicable laws and regulations.  Until 2021, the rate was at 
0.50% below market. 

The chart below lists the executive officers and directors who participated in the employee mortgage loan program during the 
years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and certain information with respect to their loans.  No other directors or executive 
officers participated in the employee mortgage loan program during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.  

Name
Thomas Schneider
Thomas Schneider
James Dowd
James Dowd
James Dowd
Lloyd Stemple
William O'Brien
Daniel Phillips

Largest Aggregate    
Balance 01/01/20  
to 12/31/21
$

Interest
Rate
%

Non-
Employee
Interest Rate
%

Principal
Balance
12/31/2021
$

Principal Paid  
01/01/2020 to
12/31/2021
$

Interest  Paid  
01/01/20 to
12/31/2021
$

151,364   
244,000   
69,804   
147,000   
208,000   
148,063   
127,178   
60,435   

5.250   
2.700   
2.625   
2.250   
2.125   
2.750   
2.500   
3.625   

5.750   
2.950   
3.125   
2.500   
2.375   
3.250   
3.000   
4.125   

-   
240,466   
-   
-   
208,000   
110,593   
94,583   
-   

151,364   
3,534   
68,904   
147,000   
-   
37,470   
32,596   
60,435   

9,965 
4,782 
1,168 
4,014 
189 
7,165 
5,816 
1,059 

Other than the loans noted in the above table, all other loans made to directors or executive officers:

• were made in the ordinary course of business; 
• were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the 

time for comparable loans with persons not related to the Company; and

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

did not involve more than normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

All  transactions  between  us  and  our  executive  officers,  directors,  holders  of  10%  or  more  of  the  shares  of  the  Company’s 
common  stock  and  affiliates  thereof,  must  be  approved  by  a  majority  of  our  independent  outside  directors  not  having  any 
interest in the transaction, pursuant to our Code of Ethics.

On December 28, 2020, the Bank sold a parcel of property and an existing dwelling that was in the process of being developed 
into a new branch location to 506 West Onondaga Associates, LLC. Director John P. Funiciello is a member of 506 West 
Onondaga Associates, LLC. The purchase price of the property was $612,000.

In January of 2021, the Bank entered into a lease agreement with 506 West Onondaga Associates, LLC to lease the entire 
building located at 506 West Onondaga Street, Syracuse, New York and the vacant property located at 303 Slocum Avenue, 
Syracuse, New York.  The term of this lease will be for a period of thirty-two years and sixty days commencing on February 
1, 2021.  The Bank will pay the landlord, as total rent for the first twelve months of the lease, the annual sum of $201,168.  
After the first anniversary of the lease, and for every 12 month period following until the end of the lease term, the Bank will 
pay the landlord, as total rent, the annual sum of $261,996.

The property will continue to be developed by 506 West Onondaga Associates, LLC up to a total project cost of $2.8 million. 
All development costs over $2.8 million will be the responsibility of the Bank and treated as leasehold improvements.

F. ANTI-HEDGING POLICY

The Company’s anti-hedging and anti-pledging provisions are covered in the Company’s Insider Trading Policy. Under the 
policy, directors and named executive officers are prohibited from engaging in short sales of Company stock and from engaging 
in transactions in publicly-traded options, such as puts, calls and other derivative securities based on Company stock including 
any hedging, monetization or similar transactions designed to decrease the risks associated with holding Company stock. In 
addition, directors and named executive officers are prohibited from pledging Company stock as collateral for any loan or 
holding Company stock in a margin account.

G. CODE OF ETHICS

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that is applicable to our officers, directors and employees, including our principal executive 
officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. The Code 
of Ethics is available at the Corporate Information page on our website at https://ir.pathfinderbank.com.  Amendments to, and 
waivers from, the Code of Ethics will also be disclosed on our website.

H. SHAREHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS

The Board of Directors has established a process for shareholders to send communications to a director by either United States 
mail  or  electronic  mail.  Any  shareholder  who  desires  to  communicate  directly  with  our  directors  should  send  their 
communication to Board of Directors, Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc., 214 West First Street, Oswego, New York 13126 or by email 
to directors@pathfinderbank.com. The communication should indicate that the author is a shareholder and if shares are not 
held of record, should include appropriate evidence of stock ownership. Depending on the subject matter, management will:

Forward the communication to the director or directors to whom it is addressed;

•
• Attempt to handle the inquiry directly, for example where it is a request for information about us or it is a stock-related 

matter; or

• Not forward the communication if it is primarily commercial in nature, relates to an improper or irrelevant topic, or is 

unduly hostile, threatening, illegal or otherwise inappropriate.

At each Board meeting, management shall present a summary of all communications received since the last meeting that were 
not forwarded and make those communications available to the directors.

III. MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The business of the Board of Directors is conducted through meetings and activities of the Board and its committees. During the year 
ended December 31, 2021, the Board of Directors held twelve regular meetings.  During the year ended December 31, 2021, no 
director attended fewer than 75 percent of the total meetings of the Board of Directors and committees on which such director served.   

10

 
Much of our work is performed in Committees which is then reported to the full Board.  Members in committees are described in 
the following table:

Director

David A. Ayoub
William A. Barclay
Chris R. Burritt
John P. Funiciello
Adam C. Gagas
Melanie Littlejohn
Thomas W. Schneider
John F. Sharkey, III
Lloyd "Buddy" Stemple

Asset/Liability Committee 
(ALCO) Member

Audit 
Committee 
Member

Compensation 
Committee 
Member

Nominating and 
Governance 
Committee 
Member

Executive Loan 
Review 
Committee 
Member

X

X
X
X

X
Chair

Chair

X

X

X

X
X
X

Chair

X
X

Chair
X

X

X
X

X
X
Chair
X
X
X
X
X
X

A. NOMINATING/GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE

The Nominating/Governance Committee met nine times in the year ended December 31, 2021 to address issues concerning 
corporate governance, succession planning, and to nominate directors to fulfill the terms of the upcoming year. In the year 
ended December 31, 2021, the Nominating/Governance Committee was comprised of Directors, Barclay, Burritt, Littlejohn, 
Sharkey  and  Stemple,  each  of  whom  are  “independent”  pursuant  to  the  NASDAQ  listing  requirements.  The 
Nominating/Governance  Committee  has  a  charter  which  is  available  at  our  Corporate  Information  page  on  our  website  at 
https://ir.pathfinderbank.com.

Among other things, the functions of the Nominating/Governance Committee include the following:

•

•
•

to lead the search for individuals qualified to become members of the Board and to select director nominees to be 
presented for shareholder approval;
to review and monitor compliance with the requirements for board independence; and
to review the committee structure and make recommendations to the Board regarding committee membership.

The Nominating/Governance Committee identifies nominees by first evaluating the current members of the Board of Directors 
willing to continue in service. Current members of the Board with skills and experience that are relevant to our business and 
who are willing to continue in service are first considered for re-nomination, balancing the value of continuity of service by 
existing members of the Board with that of obtaining a new perspective. If any member of the Board does not wish to continue 
in service, or if the Nominating/Governance Committee or the Board decides not to re-nominate a member for re-election, or 
if the size of the Board is increased, the Nominating/Governance Committee would solicit suggestions for director candidates 
from all Board members. In addition, the Nominating/Governance Committee is authorized by its charter to engage a third 
party to assist in the identification of director nominees. 

The Nominating/Governance Committee would seek to identify a candidate who, at a minimum, satisfies the following criteria:

•
•

•

•
•

•

has personal and professional ethics and integrity and whose values are compatible with ours;
has had experiences and achievements that have given him or her the ability to exercise and develop good business 
judgment;
is willing to devote the necessary time to the work of the Board and its committees, which includes being available 
for Board and committee meetings;
is familiar with the communities in which we operate and/or is actively engaged in community activities;
is involved in other activities or interests that do not create a conflict with his or her responsibilities to us and our 
shareholders; 
has the capacity and desire to represent the balanced, best interest of our shareholders as a group, and not primarily a 
special interest group or constituency; and

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

has had a principal residence for two years on a continuous basis within the following counties in New York – Oswego, 
Jefferson, Lewis, Oneida, Onondaga or Cayuga.  Our Bylaws provide that this provision may be overridden by two-
thirds vote of the Board of Directors.

The  Nominating/Governance  Committee  will  also  take  into  account  whether  a  candidate  satisfies  the  criteria  for 
“independence” under the NASDAQ corporate governance listing standards and, if a nominee is sought for service on the Audit 
Committee,  the  financial  and  accounting  expertise  of  a  candidate,  including  whether  an  individual  qualifies  as  an  Audit 
Committee Financial Expert.  Diversifying our board membership is also an important consideration.

The Nominating/Governance Committee will consider candidates for the Board of Directors recommended by shareholders. In 
order to make a recommendation to the Board of Directors, a shareholder must own no less than 500 shares of the Company. 
Shareholders  who  are  so  qualified  may  send  their  recommendations  to  our  Corporate  Secretary  for  forwarding  to  the 
Nominating/Governance Committee. In light of the due diligence required to evaluate recommendations, said recommendations 
for candidates for the 2023 annual meeting must be received by the Nominating/Governance Committee by June 30, 2022.

Shareholders may submit the names of candidates to be considered in writing to our Corporate Secretary, at 214 West First 
Street, Oswego, New York 13126. The submission must include the following information:

•

•

•
•

•
•
•

•

the name and address of the shareholder as it appears on our books, and number of shares of our common stock that 
are owned beneficially by such shareholder (if the shareholder is not a holder of record, appropriate evidence of the 
shareholder’s ownership will be required);
the name, address and contact information for the candidate, and the number of shares of our common stock that are 
owned by the candidate (if the candidate is not a holder of record, appropriate evidence of the shareholder’s ownership 
should be provided);
a statement of the candidate’s business and educational experience;
such other information regarding the candidate as would be required to be included in the proxy statement pursuant to 
SEC Regulation 14A;
a statement detailing any relationship between us and the candidate;
a statement detailing any relationship between the candidate and any of our customers, suppliers or competitors;
detailed information about any relationship or understanding between the proposing shareholder and the candidate; 
and
a statement that the candidate is willing to be considered and willing to serve as a director if nominated and elected.

The  Nominating/Governance  Committee  will  consider  shareholder  recommendations  made  in  accordance  with  the  above 
similarly to any other nominee proposed by any other source. We have not paid a fee to any third party to identify or evaluate 
any  potential  nominees.  Moreover,  the  Nominating/Governance  Committee  has  not  received  within  the  last  year  a 
recommended nominee from any shareholder.

B. COMPENSATION COMMITTEE

The  Compensation  Committee  meets  periodically  to  review  the  performance  of  officers  and  to  determine  compensation 
programs and adjustments. The entire Board of Directors ratifies the recommendations of the Compensation Committee. In the 
year ended December 31, 2021, the members of the Compensation Committee were Directors Gagas, Ayoub, Barclay, Burritt, 
Sharkey and Stemple. All of these directors are “independent” pursuant to NASDAQ listing requirements. The Compensation 
Committee met five times during the year ended December 31, 2021. The Compensation Committee has a charter which is 
available at the Corporate Information page at our website at https:/ir.pathfinderbank.com.

Any shareholder who wishes to communicate directly with a member of the compensation committee should do so by e-mail 
to compcommittee@pathfinderbank.com.

C. AUDIT COMMITTEE

In 2021, the Audit Committee consisted of Directors Ayoub, Burritt, Littlejohn and Sharkey.  The Audit Committee meets on 
a periodic basis with the internal auditor to review audit programs and the results of audits of specific areas, on regulatory 
compliance issues, as well as to review information to further their financial literacy skills. The Audit Committee meets with 
the independent registered public accounting firm to review quarterly and annual filings, the results of the annual audit and 
other related matters. The Chairman of the Audit Committee may meet with the Auditors on quarterly filing issues in lieu of 

12

the entire committee. The Audit Committee met five times in 2021.  Each member of the Audit Committee is “independent” 
as defined in the listing standards of NASDAQ and SEC Rule 10A(m)-3. Our Board of Directors has adopted a written charter 
for the Audit Committee which is available at the Corporate Information page on our website at https://ir.pathfinderbank.com. 
The Audit Committee maintains an understanding of our key areas of risk and assesses the steps management takes to minimize 
and manage such risks and:

•
•

•
•
•

selects and evaluates the qualifications and performance of the Auditors; 
ensures that the internal and external auditors maintain no relationship with management and/or us that would impede 
their ability to provide independent judgment; 
oversees the adequacy of the systems of internal control; 
reviews the nature and extent of any significant changes in accounting principles; and
oversees that management has established and maintained processes reasonably calculated to ensure our compliance 
with all applicable law, regulations, corporate policies and other matters contained in our Code of Ethics which is 
available at the Corporate Information page on our website at https://ir.pathfinderbank.com.

The  Audit  Committee  has  established  procedures  for  the  confidential,  anonymous  submission  by  employees  of  concerns 
regarding accounting or auditing matters.

The  Board  of  Directors  has  determined  that  Mr.  Ayoub  qualifies  as  an  Audit  Committee  financial  expert  serving  on  the 
committee. Mr. Ayoub meets the criteria established by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

D. ASSET/LIABILITY COMMITTEE (ALCO)

Pathfinder Bank, the operating subsidiary of the Company has an Asset/Liability Committee.  The purpose of the committee is 
to oversee the asset/liability, interest rate risk, liquidity, capital adequacy, funds management and investment functions of the 
Bank. Members in 2021 consisted of Directors Stemple, Ayoub, Burritt, Funiciello, Gagas and Sharkey.  The committee met 
four times in 2021, each time being assisted by a professional consultant in ALCO matters.

E. EXECUTIVE/LOAN COMMITTEE

Pathfinder Bank’s most significant asset is its loan portfolio.  The loan portfolio produces most of the Bank’s revenue but also 
exposes the Bank to credit and interest rate risk.  The Executive/Loan Committee is primarily responsible for monitoring this 
asset.   All of the board of directors are members of the committee.  The committee meets generally every other week to respond 
to customer demands.  In addition, the Executive Loan Committee has the authority to make some decisions on behalf of the 
whole Board when expediency is required.  

F. OTHER COMMITTEES

Pathfinder Bank and the Company have a number of other standing and adhoc committees such as Strategic Planning, Facilities 
and Technology Steering, etc.  Board members are encouraged to, and do, attend various committee meetings even if they are 
not official members in order to get a broader understanding of Bank operations and to give Bank management the benefit of 
their experience.

IV.

 COMPENSATION DISCLOSURES

A. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to include a Compensation Discussion and Analysis (“CD&A”) under 
Item  402(b)  of  Regulation  S-K.    Nevertheless,  we  do  want  our  shareholders  to  understand  our  compensation  policies  and 
procedures so we incorporate many, but not all, of the required disclosures of a full CD&A.

Our Compensation Philosophy.  The Company’s ability to attract and retain talented employees and executives with skills and 
experience is essential to providing value to its shareholders.  The Company seeks to provide fair and competitive compensation 
to its employees (including the Named Executive Officers described below) by providing the type and amount of compensation 
consistent with our peers.  We also seek to drive performance through short-term incentive compensation and to align our 
executives’ interest with shareholders with appropriate equity awards.

13

Compensation Best Practices.  Our compensation program is designed to retain and reward our Named Executive Officers by 
aligning their compensation with short-term and long-term performance.  Toward that end, we use the following compensation 
best practices:

• Our cash-based bonus payments are tied to both financial and non-financial performance measures and are subject to 
a “clawback” policy, providing for the partial or total return of the cash bonus in the event of a restatement of our 
financial statements which makes the performance measures no longer valid; 

• No tax “gross ups” are included in any employment related agreements; 
• Our perquisites and personal benefits are limited to those that support a documented business purpose; 
• Our  change  in  control  provisions  in  the  Company’s  employment  and  other  agreements  with  its  Named  Executive 
Officers provide for payment only upon termination of employment or job diminishment in connection with a change 
in control (also called “double trigger” event);

• We use appropriate peer groups when establishing compensation; and
• We balance short and long-term incentives.

Compensation Program Elements.  The Compensation Committee, with the assistance of our consultants, when engaged, has 
incorporated the following elements into the corporate program to meet the documented corporate philosophy:

Cash based salary and employment benefits that are competitive with our peers;
Cash based bonus, directly linking pay to both Company and individual performance;

•
•
• An equity plan designed to align the executives’ interest with the Company’s shareholders in achieving long-term 

performance;

• A qualified 401(k) plan allowing executives to defer “pre-tax” earnings toward retirement;
• An employee stock ownership plan rewarding long-term service to the Company;
• A defined contribution supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”) rewarding long-term service to the Company 

for certain members of senior management;

• An executive non-qualified deferred compensation plan allowing executives to defer income for retirement purposes;
•
•

Insurance programs designed to replace income in the event of sickness, accident or death; and
Limited perquisites based on demonstrated business purpose.

Role of the Compensation Committee and Consultants.  The Committee annually reviews the performance of the CEO and 
other executive officers and recommends to the Board of Directors changes to base compensation, as well as the amount of any 
bonus to be awarded.  In determining the compensation of an officer, the Committee and the Board of Directors take into 
account individual performance, performance of the Company and information regarding compensation paid to executives of 
peer  group  institutions  performing  similar  duties.  The  CEO  recommends  to  the  Compensation  Committee,  compensation 
arrangements  for  the  Executive  Vice  Presidents  and  Senior  Vice  Presidents.    He  does  not  recommend  compensation 
arrangements for himself or Board members.

While the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors do not use strict numerical formulas to determine changes in 
compensation for the CEO, Executive Vice Presidents and Senior Vice Presidents, and while they weigh a variety of different 
factors in their deliberations, both company-wide and individually-based performance objectives are used in determining the 
compensation  of  the  CEO,  Executive  Vice  Presidents  and  Senior  Vice  Presidents.    Company-wide  performance  objectives 
emphasize earnings, profitability, earnings contribution to capital, capital strength, asset quality, and return on equity which 
are customarily used by similarly-situated financial institutions in measuring performance.  Individually-based performance 
objectives include non-quantitative factors considered by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors such as 
general management oversight of the Company, the quality of communication with the Board of Directors, the productivity of 
employees  and  execution  of  the  Bank’s  Strategic  Plan.  Finally,  the  Compensation  Committee  and  the  Board  of  Directors 
considers  the  standing  of  the  Company  with  customers  and  the  community,  as  evidenced  by  customer  and  community 
complaints and compliments. 

Generally, the Company retains a compensation consultant triannually coincident with our “Say-on-Pay” vote. Accordingly, in 
late  2020,  the  Compensation  Committee  retained  the  services  of  McLagan  Partners,  Inc.  (McLagan)  as  its  independent 
compensation advisor. McLagan’s report benchmarked senior executive pay, including our Named Executive Officers, against 
the same pay of the same officers of our peers in the following areas: base salary; annual short-term incentives and long-term 
incentive compensation. Survey data was also available to supplement the public disclosures of our peers. Since we will have 
our next “Say-on-Pay” vote in 2024, a compensation consultant will be retained in 2023. 

14

B. COMPENSATION OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Summary Compensation Table. The following table shows the compensation of Thomas W. Schneider, our principal executive 
officer,  and  the  two  other  most  highly  compensated  executive  officers  (“Named  Executive  Officers”)  that  received  total 
compensation of $100,000 or more during the past fiscal year for services to Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. or any of its subsidiaries.  
The table includes the compensation awarded, paid to, or earned by, our Named Executive Officers during the years ended 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Summary Compensation Table

Bonus
($) (1)

130,147  
67,081  

Stock 
Options
($)
─
─

Restricted 
Stock Units
($)
─
─

54,540  
33,996  

53,452  
35,700  

─
─

─
─

─
─

─
─

Salary

360,350  
360,350  

219,300  
210,000  

219,300  
210,000  

Year
2021
2020

2021
2020

2021
2020

Non-Qualified 
Deferred 
Compensation 
Earnings
($) (2)

All Other 

Compensation  

($) (3)

─ 
6,555  

10,867  
8,348  

3,541  
2,523  

659,942   
130,120   

87,404   
84,767   

61,189   
56,397   

Total
($)
1,150,439  
564,106  

372,111  
337,111  

337,482  
304,620  

Name and Principal
Position
Thomas W. Schneider
President and Chief
Executive Officer
James A. Dowd
Executive Vice President
Chief Operating Officer
Ronald Tascarella
Executive Vice President
Chief Banking Officer

(1)
(2)

(3)

Current year performance-based bonus awards were paid during March 2022.
The non-qualified deferred compensation earnings represents the above market or preferential earnings on 
compensation that was deferred by each Named Executive Officer.
The amounts listed in the “All Other Compensation” column consist of the following for each Named 
Executive Officer for the year ended December 31, 2021:

Employee 
Savings Plan 
Company 
Contribution  
($)

Automobile 
Expense 
Reimbursement 
($)

Club 
Dues
($)

Life 
Insurance 
Premium  
($)

ESOP
 Allocation (2)  
($)

Supplemental 
Executive 
Retirement 
Plan
($)

Named Executive

Year

Early Payment 
of Executive 
Deferred and 
Supplemental 
Executive 
Retirement 
Plans (1)
($)

Total
($)

Thomas W. Schneider

2021 

23,762   

21,112   

5,860   

76   

15,900   

22,232   

571,000   

659,942 

James A. Dowd

2021 

17,874   

21,601 

Ronald Tascarella

2021 

15,056 

─ 

─   

─   

76   

14,955   

32,898 

─   

87,404 

76   

13,159   

32,898 

─   

61,189  

(1)

(2)

Represents the complete withdrawal of Mr. Schneider’s entire account balance under each of the Supplemental 
Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) and the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan due to an unforeseeable 
emergency.
The ESOP value is calculated based on the Company’s stock price of $17.17 per share as of December 31, 
2021.

Employment Agreement.  The Company and its operating subsidiary, Pathfinder Bank, entered into an employment agreement 
with Thomas W. Schneider.  The agreement has an initial term of three years.  Unless notice of non-renewal is provided, the 
agreement renews annually.  The agreement provides for the payment of a base salary, which will be reviewed at least annually, 
and which may be increased.  Under the agreement, the 2022 base salary for Mr. Schneider is $360,350.   In addition to the 
base salary, the agreement provides for, among other things, participation in employee and welfare benefit plans and incentive 
compensation and bonus plans applicable to senior executive employees, and reimbursement of business expenses.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                        
Mr. Schneider is entitled to severance payments and benefits in the event of termination of employment under specified 
circumstances.  In the event his employment is terminated for reasons other than for cause, disability or retirement, or in the 
event he resigns during the term of the agreement following:

•
•
•

•

•

•

the failure to elect or re-elect or to appoint or re-appoint him to his executive position;
the failure to nominate him to be elected or re-elected as a director of the Bank or the Company;
a material change in his functions, duties, or responsibilities, which change would cause his position to become one 
of lesser responsibility, importance or scope;
the liquidation or dissolution of the Company or the Bank, other than liquidations or dissolutions that are caused by 
reorganizations that do not affect his status;
a  relocation  of  his  principal  place  of  employment  by  more  than  30  miles  from  its  location  as  of  the  date  of  the 
agreements or;
a material breach of the agreements by the Company or the Bank.

Mr. Schneider will be entitled to a severance payment equal to three times the sum of his base salary and the highest rate of 
bonus awarded to him during the prior three years, payable as a single cash lump sum distribution within 30 days following his 
date of termination.  In addition, the Company or the Bank will continue to provide him with continued life insurance and non-
taxable medical and dental coverage for 36 months. 

If  he  voluntarily  resigns  from  his  employment  with  the  Company  and  the  Bank,  (without  the  occurrence  of  the  specified 
circumstances listed above) the Board will have the discretion to provide severance pay to him, provided, however, that such 
amount does not exceed three times the average of the executive’s three preceding years’ base salary, including bonuses, any 
other cash compensation paid during such years, and the amount of contributions made on behalf of him to any employee 
benefit plans maintained by the Company or the Bank during such years.   

Upon  the  occurrence  of  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company  or  the  Bank  followed  by  the  Mr.  Schneider’s  termination  of 
employment for any reason, other than for cause, he will be entitled to receive a single cash lump distribution equal to 2.99 
times his average base salary over the previous five years, including bonuses, any other cash compensation paid to him during 
such years, and the amount of contributions made on behalf of him to any employee benefit plans maintained by the Company 
or the Bank during such years.  In addition, the Company or the Bank will continue to provide him with continued life insurance 
and non-taxable medical and dental coverage for 36 months.  In the event payments made to him include an “excess parachute 
payment,” as defined in Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code, the payment will be reduced by the minimum dollar 
amount necessary to avoid this result.  Should he become disabled, he would be entitled to receive his base salary for one year, 
where the payment of base salary will commence within 30 days from the date he is determined to be disabled, and will be 
payable in equal monthly installments.

Upon his voluntary resignation from employment (without the occurrence of the specified circumstances listed above) he agrees 
not to compete with the Company or the Bank for one year following his resignation.

Change of Control Agreements.   The Company and Pathfinder Bank have entered into Change of Control Agreements with 
James A. Dowd and Ronald Tascarella which provide certain benefits to them should they be “dismissed” from employment 
within a twelve-month period following a change of control of the Company or the Bank.  Although “dismissal” does not 
include a termination for cause or voluntary termination, it does include the executive’s resignation as a result of:

•

•

•

a material change in the executive’s functional duties or responsibilities which would cause the executive’s position 
to become one of lesser responsibility, importance of scope;
a relocation of the executive’s principal place of employment by more than 30 miles from its location as of the date 
of the agreement, or
a material reduction in the benefits to the executive as of the date of the agreement.

In the event of such dismissal, the executive, or his beneficiary should he die subsequent to the dismissal, is entitled to a lump 
sum payment equal to two times the executive’s most recent annual base salary plus bonuses and any other cash compensation 
paid to the executive within the most recent twelve (12) month period.  The executive is also entitled to continued life, medical 

16

 
and dental coverage for a period of twenty-four (24) months subsequent to the dismissal, and will become fully vested in any 
stock option plans, deferred compensation plans, or restricted stock plans in which he participates.

Defined  Contribution  Supplemental  Retirement  Income  Agreements.    The  Bank  adopted  a  Supplemental  Executive 
Retirement Plan (the “SERP”), effective January 1, 2014.  The SERP benefits certain key senior executives of the Bank who 
are selected by the Board to participate, including our Named Executive Officers.  The SERP is intended to provide a benefit 
from the Bank upon retirement, death, disability or voluntary or involuntary termination of service (other than “for cause”), 
subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.  Accordingly, the SERP obligates the Bank to make 
a contribution to each executive’s account on the last business day of each calendar year.  In addition, the Bank may, but is not 
required to, make additional discretionary contributions to the executive’s accounts from time to time.  All executives currently 
participating  in  the  SERP  are  fully  vested  in  the  Bank’s  contribution  to  the  plan.    In  the  event  the  executive  is  terminated 
involuntarily or resigns for good reason within 24 months following a change in control, the Bank is required to make additional 
annual contributions equal to the lesser of the contributions required for: (1) three years or (2) the number of years remaining 
until the executive’s benefit age, subject to potential reduction to avoid an excess parachute payment under Code Section 280G.  
In  the  event  of  the  executive’s  death,  disability  or  termination  within  24  months  after  a  change  in  control,  the  executive’s 
account will be paid in a lump sum to the executive or his beneficiary, as applicable.  In the event the executive is entitled to a 
benefit from the SERP due to retirement or other termination of employment, the benefit will be paid either in a lump sum or 
in  monthly  installments  for  10  years  as  detailed  in  the  executive’s  participant  agreement.    In  2021,  Thomas  W.  Schneider 
received  a  withdrawal  of  his  entire  account  balance  under  the  SERP  due  to  an  unforeseeable  emergency.    Following  the 
withdrawal, Mr. Schneider will no longer be a participant in the SERP.

Executive Deferred Compensation Plan.  Pathfinder Bank maintains an Executive Deferred Compensation Plan for a select 
group of management employees.  A participant in the plan is eligible to defer, on a monthly basis, a percentage of compensation 
received from the Bank, up to $750.  The participant’s deferred compensation will be held by the Bank subject to the claims of 
the Bank’s creditors in the event of the Bank’s insolvency. 

Upon the earlier of the date on which the participant terminates employment with the Bank or attains his or her benefit age (as 
designated by the participant upon joining the plan), the participant will be entitled to his or her deferred compensation benefit, 
which  will  commence  on  the  date  the  participant  attains  his  or  her  elected  benefit  age  and  will  be  payable  in  monthly 
installments  for  10  years.    In  the  event  of  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company  or  the  Bank  followed  by  the  participant’s 
termination of employment within 36 months thereafter, the participant will receive a deferred compensation benefit calculated 
as if the participant had made elective deferrals through his or her benefit age.  Such benefit will commence on the date the 
participant attains his or her benefit age and will be payable in monthly installments for 10 years.  If the participant dies after 
commencement of payment of the deferred compensation benefit, the Bank will pay the participant’s beneficiary the remaining 
payments that were due.

In the event the participant becomes disabled, the participant will be entitled to receive the deferred compensation benefit as of 
the participant’s date of disability.  Such benefit will commence within 30 days following the date on which the participant is 
disabled and will be payable in monthly installments for 10 years.  If the participant dies prior to the commencement of payment 
of the deferred compensation benefit, the participant’s beneficiary will be entitled to receive a survivor benefit.  

In 2021, Thomas W. Schneider received a withdrawal of his entire account balance under the Executive Deferred Compensation 
Plan  due  to  an  unforeseeable  emergency.    Following  the  withdrawal,  Mr.  Schneider  will  no  longer  be  a  participant  in  the 
Executive Deferred Compensation Plan in 2022.  The only Named Executive Officers remaining in the Executive Deferred 
Compensation Plan are James A. Dowd and Ronald Tascarella.

2016 Equity Incentive Plan. The Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Equity Incentive Plan”) was 
approved at our 2016 Annual Meeting. The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan authorized the issuance of up to 263,605 shares of 
common stock pursuant to grants of stock option awards to our senior executive officers and outside directors. The options that 
were granted to executives vest over seven years (14.3% per year for each year of the participant’s service), have an exercise 
price of $11.35, (the market price on the date of the grant) and an exercise period of 10 years from the date of the grant, May 
6, 2016.  All of the options authorized under this plan have been granted. 

The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan also authorizes the issuance of 105,442 shares of common stock pursuant to grants of restricted 
stock units to our senior executive officers, directors, key management and other officers.  The restricted stock units granted to 
senior executive officers vest over seven years (14.3% per year for each year of the participant’s service). Restricted stock units 
granted to all other officers vest over five years or three years.

17

Outstanding Equity Awards at Year-End.  The following table sets forth information with respect to our outstanding equity 
awards as of December 31, 2021 for the Named Executive Officers under our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
Options Awards

Restricted Shares

Number of 
securities 
underlying 
unexercised 
options 
exercisable
(#)

Number of 
securities 
underlying 
unexercised 
options 
unexercisable  
(#)

Grant 
Date (1)

Option 
exercise 
price
($)

Option 
expiration 
date

Number of 
shares or units 
of stock that 
have not 
vested (2)
(#)

5/6/2016  

18,830   

7,531   

11.35 

05/06/26 

4,518   

Name
Thomas W. Schneider

James A. Dowd

5/6/2016)

11,295   

4,521   

11.35 

05/06/26 

2,108   

Market value of 
shares or units 
of stock that 
have not vested 
(3)

($)

77,574 

36,194 

Ronald Tascarella

5/6/2016  

11,295   

4,521   

11.35 

05/06/26 

2,108   

36,194 

(1)

(2)

(3)

The stock options granted in May 2016, with an option price of $11.35, vest ratably over seven years, with an 
expiration date ten years from the date of the grant, or May 2026. 
The restricted stock awards were granted in May 2016 and vest ratably over seven years on each anniversary of 
the grant date.
Reflects the per share value of the restricted stock units as of December 31, 2021 of $17.17.

Defined Benefit Plan.  Pathfinder Bank maintains a tax-qualified noncontributory defined benefit plan (“Retirement Plan”).  
The  Company  “froze”  the  Retirement  Plan  effective  June  30,  2012  (“Plan  Freeze  Date”).  After  the  Plan  Freeze  Date,  no 
employee  is  permitted  to  commence  or  recommence  participation  in  the  Plan  and  no  further  benefits  accrue  to  any  plan 
participants. Employment service after the Plan Freeze Date does continue to be recognized for vesting purposes, however.  
Prior to the Plan Freeze Date, all salaried employees age 21 or older who worked for the Bank for at least one year and were 
credited with 1,000 or more hours of employment during the year were eligible to accrue benefits under the Retirement Plan. 

At the normal retirement age of 65, the Retirement Plan is designed to provide a life annuity. The retirement benefit provided 
is equal to 1.5% of a participant’s average monthly compensation for periods after May 1, 2004, through the plan freeze date 
described above and 2.0% of the participant’s average monthly compensation for credited service prior to May 1, 2004 based 
on  the  average  of  the  three  consecutive  years  during  the  last  10  years  of  employment  which  provides  the  highest  monthly 
average compensation multiplied by the participant’s years of credited service (not to exceed 30 years) to the normal retirement 
date. Retirement benefits also are payable upon retirement due to early and late retirement. Benefits also are paid from the 
Retirement Plan upon a Participant’s disability or death. A reduced benefit is payable upon early retirement at or after age 60. 
Upon termination of employment other than as specified above, a participant who was employed by the Bank for a minimum 
of  five  years  is  eligible  to  receive  his  or  her  accrued  benefit  reduced  for  early  retirement  or  a  deferred  retirement  benefit 
commencing on such participant’s normal retirement date. Benefits are payable in various annuity forms. On December 31, 
2021, the market value of the Retirement Plan trust fund was approximately $20.5 million. The Company made no contribution 
to the defined benefit pension plan during 2021.

Employee Savings Plan.  Pathfinder Bank maintains an Employee Savings Plan which is a profit-sharing plan with a “cash or 
deferred” feature that is tax-qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “401(k) Plan”). All employees 
who  have  attained  age  21  and  have  completed  90  days  of  employment  during  which  they  worked  at  least  1,000  hours  are 
eligible to participate.

Participants may elect to defer a percentage of their compensation each year instead of receiving that amount in cash, in an 
amount up to 75% of their compensation to the 401(k) Plan, provided that the amount deferred did not exceed $19,500 for 
2021.  In addition, for participants who are age 50 or older by the end of any taxable year, the participant may elect to defer 
additional amounts (called “catch-up contributions”) to the 401(k) Plan.  The “catch-up contributions” may be made regardless 
of any other limitations on the amount that a participant may defer to the 401(k) Plan. The maximum “catch-up contribution” 
that a participant could make in 2021 was $6,500. For these purposes, “compensation” includes total compensation (including 
salary reduction contributions made under the 401(k) Plan or the flexible benefits plan sponsored by the Bank), but not in 
excess of $290,000 for 2021. The Bank generally provides a match of 100% of the first 3% of the participating employees 

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
    
   
  
 
 
   
     
     
   
   
     
 
 
 
    
    
  
    
   
  
 
 
salary, plus 50% of the next 3% of the participating employees salary. All employee contributions and earnings thereon are 
fully and immediately vested.  Employer matching contributions vest at the rate of 20% per year beginning at the end of a 
participant’s first year of service with the Bank until a participant is 100% vested after five years of service. Participants also 
will  vest  in  employer  matching  contributions  when  they  reach  the  normal  retirement  age  of  65  or  later,  or  upon  death  or 
disability regardless of years of service.  To partially offset the impact on employees due to the Retirement Plan freeze discussed 
above, the Company, on January 1, 2013, began making a 3% safe harbor contribution to all eligible participants in addition to 
the match contributions described above.  The employer safe harbor contribution is fully vested at all times.

For the plan year ended December 31, 2021, the Bank made a matching contribution in the amount of $414,000 to the 401(k) 
Plan. In addition, the Company made a safe harbor contribution in the amount of $314,000 for the 2021 plan year. 

Employee Stock Ownership Plan.  Pathfinder Bank maintains an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”). Employees who 
are at least 21 years old with at least one year of employment with the Bank are eligible to participate.  On April 6, 2011, the 
ESOP acquired 125,000 shares of common stock to replenish its ability to make stock contributions to participants’ accounts.  
The shares were acquired pursuant to a loan obtained from a third-party lender.  In connection with the second step conversion 
and offering, the ESOP purchased an additional 105,442 shares, which equaled 4% of the shares issued in the offering.  In 
connection  with  such  purchase,  the  ESOP  borrowed  sufficient  funds  from  the  Company  to  both  refinance  the  remaining 
outstanding balance on the third-party loan and purchase the additional shares.  The Bank makes annual contributions to the 
ESOP which contributions are used by the ESOP to repay the ESOP loan.  

Benefits  under  the  ESOP  become  vested  in  an  ESOP  participant  at  the  rate  of  20%  per  year,  starting  upon  an  employee’s 
completion  of  one  year  of  credited  service,  and  will  be  fully  vested  upon  completion  of  five  years  of  credited  service. 
Participants’ interest in their account under the ESOP will also fully vest in the event of termination of service due to their 
normal  retirement,  death,  disability,  or  upon  a  change  in  control  (as  defined  in  the  plan).  Vested  benefits  will  be  payable 
generally upon the participants’ termination of employment with the Bank and will be paid in the form of common stock, or to 
the extent participants’ accounts contain cash, benefits will be paid in cash.  However, participants have the right to elect to 
receive their benefits entirely in the form of cash or common stock, or a combination of both.

C. DIRECTORS’ COMPENSATION

Each non-employee director receives an annual retainer of $20,000, a meeting fee of $800 for each Board meeting attended 
and $600 for each committee meeting attended, except for Executive Loan Committee fees which are $300 per meeting.  The 
Board Chair receives an additional retainer of $10,100.  The Audit Committee Chairman receives an additional retainer of 
$4,100 and the chairman of all other committees receives an additional $100 for each committee meeting in which they serve 
in the capacity of committee chairman. Employee directors do not receive any fees.  We paid a total of $373,491 in director 
fees during the year ended December 31, 2021, which included $44,400 in fees paid to George P. Joyce, Retired Director, who 
retired from Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s Board of Directors, but continues to serve on Pathfinder Bank’s Board of Directors.  

Set forth below is director compensation for each of our non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2021. 

Name

David A. Ayoub (3)
William A. Barclay (4)
Chris R. Burritt (5)
John P. Funiciello (6)
Adam C. Gagas (7)
George P. Joyce (8)
Melanie Littlejohn 9)(9)
John F. Sharkey
 Lloyd "Buddy" Stemple

Fees earned or 
paid in cash
($)

Non-qualified 
deferred 
compensation 
earnings (1)
($)

45,391   
39,400   
60,100   
33,500   
35,300 
44,400 
36,400 
43,600   
35,400   

11,744 
6,855 
29,454 
11,744 
─ 
─ 
─ 
7,264 
18,352 

Year
2021
2021
2021
2021
2021
2021
2021
2021
2021

All Other 
Compensation 
(2)

($)
─
─
─
─
─
─
─
─
─

Total
($)

57,135 
46,255 
89,554 
45,244 
35,300 
44,400 
36,400 
50,864 
53,752  

(1)

(2)
(3)
(4)

The non-qualified deferred compensation earnings represent the above market or preferential earnings on 
compensation that was deferred by each director to the Trustee Deferred Fee Plan.
No director received perquisites and any other personal benefits that exceeded, in the aggregate, $10,000. 
Mr. Ayoub has 17,023 outstanding stock options. 
Mr. Barclay has 8,787 outstanding stock options. 

19

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

(9)

Mr. Burritt has 8,787 outstanding stock options. 
Mr. Funiciello has 8,787 outstanding stock options. 
Mr. Gagas has 17,023 outstanding stock options.
Mr. Joyce retired from the Board of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. on June 4, 2021.  He continues to serve as a 
Director on the Board of Pathfinder Bank.
Ms. Littlejohn has 8,787 outstanding stock options. 

Director  fees  are  reviewed  annually  by  the  Compensation  Committee  for  recommendation  to  the  Board  of  Directors.    The 
Committee reviews relevant peer group data similar to that used in the executive compensation review. The Committee believes 
that an appropriate compensation is critical to attracting, retaining and motivating directors who have the qualities necessary 
to direct the Company.

Trustee (Director) Deferred Fee Plan.  Pathfinder Bank maintains the Trustee Deferred Fee Plan for members of the Boards 
of Directors of Pathfinder Bank and the Company.  A participant in the plan is eligible to defer, on a monthly basis, up to the 
lesser of (i) $2,000 or (ii) 100% of the monthly fees the participant would be entitled to receive each month.  The participant’s 
deferred fees will be held by the Bank subject to the claims of the Bank’s creditors in the event of the Bank’s insolvency. 

Upon the earlier of the date on which the participant’s services are terminated or the participant attains his or her benefit age 
(as designated by the participant upon joining the plan), the participant will be entitled to his or her deferred compensation 
benefit, which will commence on the date the participant attains his or her elected benefit age and will be payable in monthly 
installments  for  10  years.    In  the  event  of  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company  or  the  Bank  followed  by  the  participant’s 
termination of services within 36 months thereafter, the participant will receive a deferred compensation benefit calculated as 
if  the  participant  had  made  elective  deferrals  through  his  or  her  benefit  age.    Such  benefit  will  commence  on  the  date  the 
participant attains his or her benefit age and will be payable in monthly installments for 10 years.  If the participant dies after 
commencement of payment of the deferred compensation benefit, the Bank will pay the participant’s beneficiary the remaining 
payments that were due.  

In the event the participant becomes disabled, the participant will be entitled to receive the deferred compensation benefit as of 
the date of the participant’s disability.  Such benefit will commence within 30 days following the date on which the participant 
is  determined  to  be  disabled  and  will  be  payable  in  monthly  installments  for  10  years.    If  the  participant  dies  prior  to  the 
commencement of payment of the deferred compensation benefit, the participant’s beneficiary will be entitled to receive a 
survivor benefit.  

V.

PROPOSAL 1 - ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Our bylaws presently allow the Company to fix the number of directors.  The number of directors of the Company shall be set at 
eleven subject to the election of the two (2) new directors at the annual shareholder meeting.  Our bylaws provide that the number 
of directors be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as reasonably possible, and for approximately one third to be 
elected each year.  Directors are generally elected to serve for a three-year period and until their respective successors shall have 
been elected and qualify. In order to provide for three “nearly equal” classes of Directors, Mr. Ayoub and Mr. Sharkey are both 
nominated  for  a  one-year  term  and  Adam  C.  Gagas,  Melanie  Littlejohn,  Meghan  Crawford-Hamlin  and  Eric  Allyn  are  each 
nominated for three-year terms.

A. COMPOSITION OF OUR BOARD

The table below sets forth certain information regarding the composition of the Board of Directors and Director Nominees, 
including the terms of office of Board members. It is intended that the proxies solicited on behalf of the Board of Directors 
(other than proxies in which the vote is withheld as to one or more nominees) will be voted at the Annual Meeting for the 
election of the nominees identified below. If the nominee is unable to serve, the shares represented by all such proxies will be 
voted for the election of such substitute as the Board of Directors may recommend. At this time, the Board of Directors knows 
of no reason why any of the nominees would be unable to serve if elected and each nominee has agreed to serve if elected.  
Except as indicated herein, there are no arrangements or understandings between any nominee and any other person pursuant 
to which such nominee was selected.  

20

  
Name (1)

Age (2)

Position Held

Director
Since (3)

Current Term 
to Expire

Director Nominees For a One-Year Term

David A. Ayoub
John F. Sharkey, III

New Nominees For a Three-Year Term

Eric Allyn
Meghan Crawford-Hamlin

Director Nominees for a Three-Year Term

Adam C. Gagas
Melanie Littlejohn

Directors Continuing in Office

William A. Barclay
Chris R. Burritt
John P. Funiciello
Thomas W. Schneider
Lloyd "Buddy" Stemple

59
64

58
32

50
57

53
69
58
60
61

Director
Director

None
None

Director
Director

Director
Chairman of the Board
Director
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Director

2012
2014

N/A
N/A

2014
2016

2011
1986
2011
2001
2005

2022
2022

N/A
N/A

2022
2022

2023
2023
2024
2024
2024

(1)
(2)
(3)

The mailing address for each person listed is 214 West First Street, Oswego, New York 13126.  
As of March 22, 2022.
In the case of Mr. Burritt, service prior to 1995 reflects initial appointment to the Board of Trustees of the 
mutual predecessor to Pathfinder Bank, the Company’s operating subsidiary.

The principal occupation during the past five years of each director, nominee and executive officer, as well as other relevant 
experience, is set forth below. All directors, nominees and executive officers have held their present positions for five years 
unless otherwise stated.  None of our directors, nominees or executive officers have been the subject of securities litigation, 
regulatory enforcement or bankruptcy in the past ten years.

B. DIRECTOR NOMINEES FOR A ONE-YEAR TERM

David A. Ayoub serves as Partner-in-Charge of the Tax Department at Bowers & Company CPAs, PLLC at their Syracuse 
location. In that capacity, Mr. Ayoub consults on corporate mergers and acquisitions and also assists start-up businesses. In 
addition, he oversees the firm’s tax compliance, technical research, planning and consulting.  Mr. Ayoub has over 30 years of 
accounting and taxation experience.  He is a graduate of Rochester Institute of Technology with a BS in Accounting and is a 
Certified Public Accountant in New York State.  He is also a Member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 
as well as the New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants.  Mr. Ayoub pursues an active role in the community, 
previously serving on boards including Make-A-Wish Foundation of Central New York, where he was the Past Chair.  Mr. 
Ayoub’s extensive experience with corporate transactions, his organization abilities as well as his experience in business and 
tax, offers the Board an invaluable perspective of the Bank’s business. The Board, therefore, supports his re-election for a one-
year term.

John F. Sharkey, III is President of Universal Metal Works, a custom metal fabrication facility, in Fulton, New York, and the 
Managing Partner of Universal Properties, LLC. Prior to his role with Universal Metal Works, Mr. Sharkey was President of 
Universal Joint Sales, a heavy-duty truck parts distributor, headquartered in Syracuse, New York. During his tenure at Universal 
Joint Sales, the company grew to 13 locations throughout the Northeast and Florida. In 1998, Mr. Sharkey sold Universal Joint 
Sales  to  FleetPride.  For  three  years  following  the  sale  of  the  company,  Mr.  Sharkey  acted  as  FleetPride’s  Regional  Vice 
President.  Mr. Sharkey is an active member of the Central New York community, serving on boards including Center State 
CEO, Oswego State Economic Advisory Council and is the Finance Director of St. Anne Mother of Mary Parish. He is also a 
committee  member  of  the  Syracuse  Chapter  of  Ducks  Unlimited  and  volunteers  as  a  pilot/crew  member  for  Angel  Flight. 
Mr. Sharkey’s management experience and business knowledge provides a valuable resource and perspective to the Board.  
The Board, therefore, supports his re-election for a one-year term.

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEW NOMINEES FOR A THREE-YEAR TERM

Eric Allyn is the former Chairman of the Board of Directors of Welch Allyn, Inc, a company owned by the Allyn Family for 
100 years, and sold in the year 2015.   Today, he is Managing Member of 50 State LLC, the entity that manages proceeds from 
the sale of Welch Allyn.  In addition, Eric is Chief Investment Officer for 50 State, LLC and serves as Trustee to over 75 
Family Trusts.  Outside of his work with his family, Eric also serves on the Board of Health Care Originals; serves as LP 
Advisor to Armory Square Ventures; serves on Upstate Medical University Council; on the Board of Directors of the Allyn 
Family Foundation, where he has chaired the Investment Committee since 2008, and several other organizations.  In addition, 
Eric is Founder and Managing Partner of two private Investment Funds, which he has managed since 2011.  Eric is a past board 
member  at  GOJO  (makers  of  Purell),  Pharma  Tech  Industries,  Eagle  Dream  Health,  Hand-Held  Products,  The  Gifford 
Foundation (Investment Committee Chairman), NYS Business Council, and Family Firm Institute (FFI). He also served on the 
Board of Directors Auburn Community Hospital (past-Chairman), the Hospital Trustees of New York State (Chairman), and 
Hospital Association of New York State (HANYS).  Eric is a frequent speaker nationally and internationally on the topics of 
family business governance, family enterprises, philanthropy, and investment management.  Eric is a graduate of Dartmouth 
College, and earned his MBA from University of Virginia (Darden School).   Mr. Allyn’s depth of experience in leadership, 
mergers and acquisitions, and capital markets, along with his prominence and philanthropic work in the Central New York 
market, will provide diverse experience, knowledge and opportunities for the Company’s governance, business prospects and 
capital market reach.  Therefore, the Board supports his election for a three-year term.  

Meghan Crawford-Hamlin serves as the President of Institutional Sales at BHG Financial where she oversees the sales strategy 
for BHG across bank partnerships and strategic partners. Ms. Crawford-Hamlin leads a national sales team focused on growing 
premium revenue and enhancing the experience for clients while driving sales strategy and market development. Since joining 
BHG in 2015, Ms. Crawford-Hamlin has generated and serviced relationships with hundreds of community banks nationwide. 
She personally managed the sale of hundreds of millions of dollars of financing for highly skilled professionals to institutional 
buyers. Prior to joining BHG, she spent many years at the rating agency, Fitch, and also worked for the technology giant, IAC.  
Ms.  Crawford-Hamlin  is  very  active  within  the  banking  industry,  serving  as  a  member  of  many  state  and  national  bank 
associations such as the American Bankers Association, as well as the Independent Community Bankers Association. While 
holding a Bachelor of Arts from Bucknell University, Ms. Crawford-Hamlin also serves as an active member of New York 
Cares,  American  Cancer  Society,  and  CNY  Autism  Society  of  America.    Ms.  Crawford-Hamlin  will  provide  diverse 
perspectives into generational knowledge, marketing and sales.  She has deep banking exposure, direct lending experience, and 
transformational  knowledge  in  digital  banking  platform  development  and  implementation.    She  will  play  a  key  role  in 
developing executive strategies in new lending opportunities and in our digital banking development.  Therefore, the Board 
supports her election for a three-year term.  

DIRECTOR NOMINEES FOR A THREE-YEAR TERM

Adam C. Gagas Adam C. Gagas is the Managing Director of Institutional Services at Rockbridge Investment Management, an 
SEC-registered investment advisor firm in Central New York. His prior investment advisory experience includes founding and 
leadership roles at Disciplined Capital Management and Breakwall Asset Management. Mr. Gagas was an analyst on teams 
managing multi-billion dollar portfolios at Skandia Asset Management and Principal Global Investors in New York City. He 
was awarded an Alfa Fellowship and completed a yearlong professional placement as an institutional investment analyst at 
Alfa Capital in Moscow, Russia. He is also the owner/operator of Gagas Realty Corporation, a multi-property commercial real 
estate holding company. In addition, he is an adjunct instructor of Corporate Finance in the SUNY Oswego School of Business. 
Mr. Gagas earned a BA from Hobart College with majors in Economics and Russian Studies, and an MBA with a concentration 
in Finance from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University.  His extensive community involvement 
includes having served as the Chairman of the Board of Oswego Health, past chair of that organization’s Audit and Investment 
committees, and as a member of the Executive committee.  He is the former President of the Oswego Health Foundation and a 
current  board  member  of  Oswego’s  historic  Riverside  Cemetery.   Mr.  Gagas’  expertise  in  finance,  particularly  of  public 
companies, provides us with valuable insight. The Board, therefore, supports his re-election for a three-year term.

22

Melanie  Littlejohn  serves  as  the  Vice  President  for  New  York  Customer  and  Community  Management  at  National  Grid. 
(NYSE: NGG), a natural gas and electricity provider, where she is responsible for leading stakeholder management statewide 
to  ensure  processes,  planning  and  best  practices  are  delivered  consistently  to  National  Grid’s  New  York  customers.    Ms. 
Littlejohn joined the company (then Niagara Mohawk) in April of 1994 as the Director of Inclusion & Diversity-US Operations. 
Prior to her current position, she was Director of Customer and Community Management for Central New York.  Before joining 
Niagara Mohawk, Ms. Littlejohn was the Executive Director of Urban League Onondaga County. Before joining the Urban 
League, she was the Manager of International Client Services for Banker’s Trust Company in the Wall Street District.  Ms. 
Littlejohn obtained a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Liberal Arts from the State University of New York at Stony Brook and a 
Master’s Degree in Business Administration from Syracuse University’s Whitman School of Management. In addition, she 
was  selected  to  participate  in  National  Grid’s  Developing  Future  Business  Leader’s  program  administered  by  the  London 
Center for High Performance.  She resides in Syracuse, New York.  Ms. Littlejohn pursues an active role in the community, 
currently serving as the Trustee/Officer of Onondaga Community College, Business Advisory Council for the Federal Reserve 
Bank of New York, Chair-Board of Directors of CenterState CEO, Board of Directors of the Business Council of New York 
and SUNY Morrisville Business School Council of Advisor’s.  Ms. Littlejohn’s experience in working with a large public 
company provides us with valuable market perspective. The Board, therefore, supports her re-election for a three-year term.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” EACH NOMINEE.

C. CONTINUING DIRECTORS

William A. Barclay is a graduate of St. Lawrence University and Syracuse University College of Law.  An attorney and 
businessman, Mr. Barclay is a partner in the Syracuse law firm of Barclay Damon, LLP, where he specializes in business 
law. Mr. Barclay has served on several community organizations throughout his career including the SUNY Oswego College 
Council, the Rosamond Gifford Zoo at Burnet Park, the Everson Museum of Art, and Northern Oswego County Health 
Services, Inc. Mr. Barclay currently serves on the Boards of Countryway Insurance Company and Douglaston Manor, 
Inc.  Mr. Barclay also is the New York State Assemblyman for the 120th District, which includes parts of Oswego, Onondaga 
and Jefferson counties.  In 2020, Mr. Barclay was unanimously elected by his colleagues to serve as Minority Leader in 
N.Y.S. Assembly. Mr. Barclay’s in-depth knowledge of economic development and the law provides the Board with a unique 
and valuable perspective into economic development and legal issues.

Chris R. Burritt is the former President and General Manager of R.M. Burritt Motors, Inc., an automobile dealership located 
in Oswego, New York.  Mr. Burritt was elected Chairman of the Board effective January 1, 2014.  In addition to his prior long-
term ownership and management of his well-known local business, Mr. Burritt is active in community affairs.  He presently 
serves  on  the  Finance/Operations  Committee  of  the  Oswego  Hospital.  Mr.  Burritt  also  serves  as  Director  of  the  NYS 
Automobile  Dealers  Association  in  Albany,  NY.  Mr.  Burritt  is  also  a  Certified  Instructor/Coordinator  for  Financial  Peace 
University  and  teaches  several  nine  week  classes  each  year.    Additionally,  Mr.  Burritt  is  a  member  of  the  Men’s  Mentor 
Ministry where he serves as an advisor to men in need of financial counseling.  Mr. Burritt’s experience operating a local 
business and substantial ties to the communities served by the Bank provides the Board with valuable insight into managing 
and overseeing a business. 

John P. Funiciello is a licensed real estate broker and developer who owns and operates JF Real Estate in Syracuse, NY.  Mr. 
Funiciello began his career in real estate in 1986 as a commercial real estate agent and founded JF Real Estate in 1992.  JF Real 
Estate represents both owners and users of real estate, providing a wide array of skills and services that include brokerage, 
development,  tenant  and  owner  representation,  site  selection,  space  planning,  building  management,  and  much 
more.  Currently, JF Real Estate represents approximately three million square feet of commercial and residential real estate in 
the Central New York Region.  Mr. Funiciello is a graduate of the State University of New York at Cortland with a degree in 
Economics and a concentration in Business.  He is an active member in the Syracuse community and has served on the Boards 
of Children’s Consortium and the Samaritan Center. He currently sits on the Board at the North West YMCA.  Mr. Funiciello 
was recognized by the Central New York Business Journal’s Forty Under 40, an honor given to Onondaga County business 
leaders under the age of 40.  Mr. Funiciello’s extensive real estate experience and knowledge of the local real estate market, as 
well as his insight into managing and overseeing a business, brings valuable expertise to the Board.  

23

Thomas W. Schneider has been employed by the Bank since 1988.  Mr. Schneider is the President and Chief Executive Officer 
of the Company and the Bank. Prior to his appointment as President in 2000, Mr. Schneider was the Executive Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer of the Company and the Bank. Mr. Schneider is a member of the board of directors the Company 
and  the  Bank.  Mr.  Schneider  provides  the  Board  with  extensive  knowledge  of  our  customers  and  lending  markets.      Mr. 
Schneider recently concluded his Chairmanship of the New York State Bankers Association and he is, therefore, well respected 
by his peers.  

is 

the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Constellium  Rolled  Products 

Lloyd  “Buddy”  Stemple 
in  Ravenswood,
West  Virginia,  a  global  supplier  of  rolled  aluminum  to  the  Aerospace  and  Transportation  materials  industries  (NYSE: 
CSTM).   Prior  to  his  present  position,  Mr.  Stemple  was  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Oman  Aluminum  Rolling 
Company.   The  Oman  Aluminum  Rolling  Company  is  a  venture  supported  by  the  government  of  Oman  which  started 
commercial production of rolled aluminum in late 2013. Prior to his work in Oman, he was the Vice-President and General 
Manager of Novelis Specialty Products, Novelis Inc., which has manufacturing locations in Oswego, New York, Kingston, 
Ontario,  Canada;  and  sales  offices  in  Cleveland,  Ohio  and  Detroit,  Michigan.   He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Compensation 
Committee of SECAT.  Mr. Stemple currently serves as Chairman of the Board for the Aluminum Association.  Mr. Stemple 
also served as a Board and Executive Committee member of the Aluminum Association in Washington, DC.  The Association 
promotes the use of aluminum and all matters impacting the industry. Mr. Stemple has an Engineering Degree, an MBA and a 
Masters Degree in International Management from McGill University and a Diploma from INSEAD in France.  Mr. Stemple’s 
varied  experience  in  management,  strategic  planning,  human  resources,  and  financial  accountability  of  publicly  traded 
companies is a valuable asset to our Board.

D. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS WHO ARE NOT DIRECTORS

James A. Dowd, CPA, age 54, has been employed by the Bank since 1994 and presently serves as the Executive Vice President 
and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  the  Company  and  the  Bank.  Mr.  Dowd  served  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  from  2000  until 
January 22, 2019. Mr. Dowd is responsible for branch administration, marketing and facilities departments.  

Ronald Tascarella, age 63, serves as Executive Vice President and Chief Banking Officer of the Company and the Bank.  Prior 
to joining us in 2006, he was Senior Vice President of Oswego County National Bank.  Mr. Tascarella is responsible for the 
Bank’s lending and commercial deposit operations.

Daniel R. Phillips, age 57 has been employed by the Bank since 1999 and presently serves as Senior Vice President and Chief 
Information Officer of the Company and the Bank. Prior to joining us in 1999, he was Assistant Vice President of Community 
Bank.  Mr. Phillips is responsible for electronic delivery channels, information security and technology platforms.

Calvin  L.  Corriders,  age  59,  has  been  employed  by  the  Bank  since  2012  and  presently  serves  as  Regional  President  of 
Pathfinder Bank’s Syracuse Market and Human Resource Director.  Prior to joining us, he was a Senior Commercial Loan 
Officer of Beacon Federal Credit Union.  Mr. Corriders is responsible for managing and engaging the Bank’s presence in the 
Syracuse Market and overseeing the Human Resources Department.

Walter F. Rusnak, age 68, has been employed by the Bank since 2015 as First Vice President of Finance and Accounting and 
was appointed as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer effective January 23, 2019.  Mr. Rusnak is responsible for 
the treasury, finance and accounting functions of the Company.   Immediately prior to joining us in 2015, Mr. Rusnak was an 
advisory board member and founding principal of Ovitz Corporation.

Will O’Brien, age 56, has been employed by the Bank since 1999.  During his tenure, Mr. O’Brien has held various positions 
in the Bank including branch manager and commercial lender. Mr. O’Brien most recently served as First Vice President of 
Credit Administration and was just recently appointed as Senior Vice President Chief Risk Officer and Corporate Secretary. 
Mr. O’Brien is responsible for overseeing the Enterprise Risk Management program, as well as Loss Mitigation, Compliance, 
BSA/AML and Security functions.

VI. PROPOSAL 2 -RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS

The Audit Committee has approved the engagement of Bonadio & Co., LLP to be our independent registered public accounting 
firm for 2022.  At the Annual Meeting, shareholders will consider and vote on the ratification of the engagement of Bonadio & 
Co., LLP, for the year ending December 31, 2022. A representative of Bonadio & Co., LLP is expected to attend the Annual 

24

Meeting to respond to appropriate questions and to make a statement if he or she so desires. Information regarding our engagement 
of Bonadio & Co., LLP is set forth below.

In order to ratify the selection of Bonadio & Co., LLP, as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2022, the proposal 
must receive at least a majority of the votes cast, either at the Annual Meeting or by proxy, in favor of such ratification. 

THE AUDIT COMMITTEE AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION 
OF THE APPOINTMENT OF BONADIO & CO., LLP AS OUR AUDITORS FOR 2022.

A. AUDIT AND RELATED FEES FOR 2021 AND 2020

Our Auditors for 2021 and 2020 were Bonadio & Co., LLP.

Audit Fees 

Bonadio & Co., LLP billed us a total of $188,024 and $270,942 in 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the audit of our 2021 and 
2020 annual consolidated financial statements, the audit of our internal control over financial reporting for 2021, review of our 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, review of consolidated financial statements included in Forms 10-Q, and services normally 
provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings, including out-of-pocket expenses.  

Audit-related fees

Bonadio & Co., LLP billed us a total of $46,150 and $43,933 for 2021 and 2020, respectively, for audit-related fees, which 
included professional services rendered for the three annual audits of the Company’s employee benefit plans.

Recurring and non-recurring tax services

Bonadio & Co., LLP billed us a total of $37,250 and $80,150 in 2021 and 2020, respectively, for tax fees which included the 
preparation  of  state  and  federal  tax  returns,  calculation  of  the  quarterly  tax  estimates,  and  other  tax-related  consulting.  
Recurring and non-recurring tax services included assistance in connection with the New York State Franchise tax examination.

All Other Fees

Bonadio & Co., LLP billed us a total of $0 for 2021 and 2020, respectively, for all other fees.

Policy  On  Audit  Committee  Pre-Approval  Of  Audit  And  Non-Audit  Services  Of  The  Independent  Registered  Public 
Accounting Firm 

The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by the Auditors. These services may 
include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services. Pre-approval is generally provided for up to one 
year and any pre-approval is detailed as to particular service or category of services and is generally subject to a specific budget. 
The  Audit  Committee  has  delegated  pre-approval  authority  to  its  Chairman  when  expedition  of  services  is  necessary.  The 
Auditors  and  management  are  required  to  periodically  report  to  the  full  Audit  Committee  regarding  the  extent  of  services 
provided by the Auditors in accordance with this pre-approval, and the fees for the services performed to date. All of the non-
audit fees incurred in 2021 and 2020 were preapproved pursuant to our policy.

The  Audit  Committee  considered  whether  the  provision  of  non-audit  services  was  compatible  with  maintaining  the 
independence of its Auditors. The Audit Committee concluded that performing such services in 2021 did not affect the auditors’ 
independence in performing their function as independent registered public accounting firm.

B. AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

In accordance with rules established by the SEC, the Audit Committee has prepared the following report for inclusion in this 
proxy statement:

As part of its ongoing activities, the Audit Committee has:

25

•

Reviewed and discussed with management our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 
31, 2021;

• Discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the matters required to be discussed by the applicable 

requirements of the Public Company Oversight Board and the SEC; 

•

•

Received  the  written  disclosures  and  the  letter  from  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  required  by 
applicable  requirements  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  regarding  the  independent  registered 
public accounting firm’s communications with the audit committees concerning independence, and has discussed with 
the independent registered public accounting firm their independence; and

Considered the compatibility of non-audit services described above with maintaining auditor independence.

Based on the review and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the 
audited consolidated financial statements be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2021. The Audit Committee appointed Bonadio & Co., LLP as Auditors for 2022, which appointment the shareholders will be 
asked to ratify at the 2022 Annual Meeting.

This report has been provided by the Audit Committee:

David Ayoub, Chris Burritt, Melanie Littlejohn and John Sharkey III

VII.  NEXT YEAR

SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

In order to be eligible for inclusion in the proxy materials for next year’s Annual Meeting of Shareholders, any shareholder proposal 
to take action at such meeting must be received at our executive office, 214 West First Street, Oswego, New York 13126, no later 
than  December  9,  2022.    Any  such  proposals  shall  also  be  subject  to  the  requirements  of  the  proxy  rules  adopted  under  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 

Under new SEC Rule 14a-19, a shareholder intending to engage in a director election contest with respect to Pathfinder Bancorp, 
Inc.’s annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 2023 must give Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. notice of its intent to solicit proxies 
by  providing  the  names  of  its  nominees  and  certain  other  information  at  least  60  calendar  days  before  the  anniversary  of  the 
previous year’s annual meeting.  This deadline is March 14, 2023. 

In  addition  to  the  requirement  set  forth  under  SEC  Rule  14a-19,  our  Bylaws  provide  an  advance  notice  procedure  for  certain 
business,  or  nominations  to  the  board  of  directors,  to  be  brought  before  an  annual  meeting  of  shareholders.  In  order  for  a 
shareholder to properly bring business before an annual meeting, or to propose a nominee to the board of directors, Pathfinder 
Bancorp, Inc.’s Secretary must receive written notice not less than 80 days nor more than 90 days prior to any such meeting; 
provided, however, that if less than 90 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the meeting is given to shareholders, 
such  written  notice  shall  be  delivered  or  mailed  to  and  received  by  the  Secretary  of  Pathfinder  Bancorp,  Inc.  at  its  principal 
executive office not later than the tenth day following the day on which notice of the meeting was mailed to shareholders or such 
public disclosure was made. 

The  notice  with  respect  to  shareholder  proposals  that  are  not  nominations  for  director  must  set  forth  as  to  each  matter  such 
shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting: (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the 
annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting; (ii) the name and address of such shareholder 
as they appear on Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s books and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; 
(iii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. which are owned beneficially or of record 
by such shareholder and such beneficial owner; (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between such shareholder 
and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such shareholder and 
any material interest of such shareholder in such business; and (v) a representation that such shareholder intends to appear at the 
Annual Meeting or by proxy at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting.

The notice with respect to director nominations must include (a) as to each person whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for 
election as a director, (i) all information relating to such person that would indicate such person’s qualification to serve on the 
board of directors of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.; (ii) an affidavit that such person would not be disqualified under the provisions of 

26

Article II, Section 12 of the Bylaws; (iii) such information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in connection 
with solicitations of proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor rule or regulation and (iv) a written consent of each proposed 
nominee to be named as a nominee and to serve as a director if elected; and (b) as to the shareholder giving the notice: (i) the name 
and address of such shareholder as they appear on Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.’s books and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose 
behalf the nomination is made; (ii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. which are 
owned  beneficially  or  of  record  by  such  shareholder  and  such  beneficial  owner;  (iii) a  description  of  all  arrangements  or 
understandings between such shareholder and each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) 
pursuant to which the nomination(s) are to be made by such shareholder; (iv) a representation that such shareholder intends to 
appear at the Annual Meeting or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice; and (v) any other information 
relating to such shareholder that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in 
connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act of 1934 or 
any successor rule or regulation.

The 2023 annual meeting of shareholders is expected to be held May 6, 2023.  Advance written notice for certain business, or 
nominations to the board of directors, to be brought before the next annual meeting must be given to us no earlier than February 
7, 2023 and no later than February 17, 2023.  If notice is received before February 7, 2023 or after February 17, 2023, it will be 
considered untimely, and we will not be required to present the matter at the shareholders meeting.

Nothing in this paragraph shall be deemed to require the Company to include in its proxy statement and proxy relating to an annual 
meeting 
inclusion 
established by the SEC in effect at the time such proposal is received.

proposal  which 

requirements 

shareholder 

not  meet 

does 

any 

the 

for 

all 

of 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Oswego, New York
April 8, 2022

William D. O’Brien
Secretary

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting:  The Notice and Proxy Statement, Annual 
Report and Form 10-K and Proxy Card are available at http://www.pathfinderbank.com/annualmeeting.

27

  
MAIN OFFICE
214 West First Street  
Oswego
(315) 343-0057

PLAZA OFFICE
State Route 104 East  
Oswego
(315) 343-4483

CENTRAL SQUARE OFFICE
3025 East Avenue  
Central Square  
(315) 676-2265

FULTON OFFICE
5 West First Street South  
Fulton
(315) 592-9545

LACONA OFFICE
1897 Harwood Drive  
Lacona
(315) 387-3437

MEXICO OFFICE
Norman & Main Streets  
Mexico
(315) 963-7248

DOWNTOWN DRIVE-THRU
34 East Bridge Street  
Oswego 
(315) 343-2577

CICERO OFFICE
6194 State Route 31  
Cicero
(315) 752-0033

SYRACUSE OFFICE
109 West Fayette Street Syracuse  
(315) 207- 8020

UTICA LOAN OFFICE
200 Genesee Street  
Utica
315-343-0057

CLAY OFFICE
3775 Route 31  
Liverpool
(315) 593-4400

pathfinderbank.com